Medulla historiæ Scoticæ being a comprehensive history of the lives and reigns of the kings of Scotland, from Fergus the First, to Our Gracious Sovereign Charles the Second : containing the most remarkable transactions, and observable passages, ecclesiastical, civil, and military, with other observations proper for a chronicle, faithfully collected out of authors ancient and modern : to which is added, a brief account of the present state of Scotland, the names of the nobility, and principal ministers of church and state, the laws criminal : a description of that engine with which malefactors are tortured, called the boot.
         Alexander, William, fl. 1685-1704.
      
       
         
           1685
        
      
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             Medulla historiæ Scoticæ being a comprehensive history of the lives and reigns of the kings of Scotland, from Fergus the First, to Our Gracious Sovereign Charles the Second : containing the most remarkable transactions, and observable passages, ecclesiastical, civil, and military, with other observations proper for a chronicle, faithfully collected out of authors ancient and modern : to which is added, a brief account of the present state of Scotland, the names of the nobility, and principal ministers of church and state, the laws criminal : a description of that engine with which malefactors are tortured, called the boot.
             Alexander, William, fl. 1685-1704.
          
           [15], 233, [5] p. : port.
           
             Printed for Randal Taylor ...,
             London :
             1685.
          
           
             Advertisement: prelim. p. [13] and p. [2]-[5] at end.
             Includes bibliographical references.
             First edition.
             Dedication signed: W.A.
             Ascribed to William Alexander. Cf. Halkett & Laing (2nd ed.).
             Reproduction of original in Bodleian Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Nobility -- Scotland -- Registers.
           Scotland -- Kings and rulers.
           Scotland -- History.
        
      
    
     
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               His
               Royal
               Highness
               IAMES
               DUKE
               of
               Alban●
               ,
               and
               Yorke
               ,
               only
               Brother
               to
               his
               sacred
               Mayesty
               ,
               Lord
               High
               Com̄issioner
               of
               Scotlan●
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           Medulla
           Historiae
           Scoticae
           :
           Being
           a
           Comprehensive
           HISTORY
           OF
           THE
           Lives
           and
           Reigns
           OF
           THE
           KINGS
           OF
           SCOTLAND
           ,
           FROM
           FERGVS
           the
           First
           ,
           to
           our
           Gracious
           Sovereign
           CHARLES
           the
           Second
           .
        
         
           CONTAINING
           The
           most
           Remarkable
           Transactions
           ,
           and
           Observable
           Passages
           ,
           
             Ecclesiastical
             ,
             Civil
          
           ,
           and
           Military
           ,
           with
           other
           Observations
           proper
           for
           a
           Chronicle
           ;
           faithfully
           Collected
           out
           of
           Authors
           Ancient
           and
           Modern
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           is
           added
           ,
           A
           brief
           Account
           of
           the
           
             Present
             State
             of
             Scotland
          
           ,
           the
           Names
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           and
           Principal
           Ministers
           of
           Church
           and
           State
           ,
           the
           Laws
           Criminal
           :
           A
           Description
           of
           that
           Engine
           with
           which
           Malefactors
           are
           Tortured
           ,
           called
           the
           BOOT
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             Randal
             Taylor
          
           ,
           near
           
             Stationers
             Hall
          
           ,
           1685.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           To
           the
           Most
           Noble
           JAMES
           Earl
           of
           Perth
           ,
           Lord
           Drummond
           ,
           and
           Stobhall
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           Lord
           Justice
           General
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           SCOTLAND
           ,
           One
           of
           the
           Extraordinary
           Lords
           of
           the
           SESSION
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           the
           Lords
           of
           His
           MAJESTIES
           Most
           Honourable
           PRIVY
           COUNCIL
           in
           that
           KINGDOM
           .
        
         
           THIS
           Compendious
           History
           of
           the
           KINGS
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           is
           Most
           Humbly
           Dedicated
           by
        
         
           
             
               Your
               Lordships
               Most
               Humble
               ,
               most
               Faithful
               ,
               and
               most
               Obedient
               Servant
               ,
               
                 W.
                 A.
              
               
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           I
           Shall
           not
           detain
           the
           Generous
           Reader
           with
           Flourishes
           upon
           the
           Grandeur
           ,
           and
           Glory
           of
           the
           Scotish
           Crown
           ,
           nor
           tell
           you
           that
           it
           may
           Vie
           Antiquity
           with
           the
           Ancientist
           Monarchy
           of
           the
           Vniverse
           ,
           that
           I
           leave
           to
           your
           Vmpirage
           ,
           when
           you
           have
           compared
           the
           following
           sheets
           with
           the
           Histories
           of
           other
           Nations
           .
           Only
           thus
           far
           I
           will
           assure
           you
           that
           Scotland
           will
           be
           found
           to
           be
           a
           Country
           Pregnant
           of
           Wonderfull
           Changes
           ,
           and
           Revolutions
           ,
           a
           Theatre
           whereon
           Divine
           Providence
           has
           I
           Exhibited
           divers
           remarkable
           Instances
           ,
           of
           it's
           Peculiar
           Care
           over
           Crowned
           Heads
           ,
           and
           where
           all
           Treason
           
           and
           Disloyalty
           has
           been
           persued
           with
           utter
           ruine
           and
           Destruction
           .
           It
           can
           show
           a
           Race
           of
           Kings
           Vnparallel'd
           for
           their
           Bravery
           ,
           and
           Gallantry
           in
           the
           Defence
           of
           their
           Country
           ,
           and
           Protection
           of
           their
           Allies
           ,
           and
           for
           their
           Heroicism
           in
           Assisting
           and
           redresing
           the
           Miserable
           and
           Opprest
           .
           But
           I
           leave
           their
           own
           Acts
           ,
           as
           represented
           in
           the
           following
           Mirrour
           to
           make
           good
           my
           assertion
           ,
           and
           shall
           proceed
           to
           offer
           something
           in
           my
           own
           Vindication
           ,
           for
           I
           am
           liable
           to
           some
           Reprehension
           for
           Cramming
           so
           Large
           ,
           so
           Bulky
           a
           History
           into
           so
           small
           a
           Volum
           ,
           but
           if
           it
           be
           considered
           that
           all
           the
           Curious
           have
           neither
           the
           leisure
           to
           peruse
           nor
           the
           means
           to
           provide
           a
           larger
           ,
           I
           hope
           I
           shall
           need
           no
           farther
           Apology
           upon
           that
           point
           ,
           nor
           need
           I
           advocate
           much
           for
           differing
           much
           from
           many
           Authors
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           Origin
           of
           our
           Nation
           ,
           since
           I
           have
           followed
           the
           most
           Authentick
           ,
           and
           have
           only
           vary'd
           from
           those
           whose
           writings
           are
           vanished
           with
           Monckery
           ,
           and
           savour
           more
           of
           the
           Legend
           than
           true
           History
           .
           Besides
           the
           plain
           bomespun
           manner
           wherein
           all
           these
           matters
           are
           deliver'd
           ,
           will
           disgust
           several
           who
           only
           delight
           in
           what
           is
           Flaunting
           and
           Trick'd
           up
           with
           all
           the
           Ornaments
           and
           Gawdiness
           of
           Rhetorick
           and
           Elocution
           ;
           but
           be
           it
           known
           I
           fitted
           my
           stile
           for
           the
           Capacities
           of
           Vulgar
           
           Readers
           ,
           such
           as
           becomes
           a
           History
           ,
           not
           a
           Panegyrick
           ,
           and
           what
           squars
           best
           with
           the
           Tongue
           of
           both
           Kingdoms
           ,
           wherein
           there
           was
           never
           yet
           any
           Chronicle
           publish'd
           of
           the
           Realm
           of
           Scotland
           ;
           so
           as
           that
           those
           who
           were
           unacquainted
           with
           the
           Latin
           ,
           were
           excluded
           from
           the
           knowledge
           of
           the
           Primitive
           state
           of
           so
           Illustrious
           a
           Kingdom
           .
           After
           having
           fitted
           this
           account
           for
           the
           Common
           use
           by
           divesting
           it
           of
           a
           Pompous
           Dress
           and
           a
           too
           Stately
           Dignity
           of
           stile
           ,
           my
           Chief
           Care
           was
           to
           avoid
           Partiality
           ,
           by
           a
           stedy
           and
           Cauterous
           stearing
           between
           Buchanan
           and
           
             Bishop
             Lesley
             ,
             Seylla
          
           and
           Charybdis
           ,
           where
           vast
           Funds
           of
           Wit
           and
           Learning
           might
           easily
           have
           wrought
           the
           shipwrack
           of
           an
           unwary
           Pilot
           ;
           so
           that
           tho'
           a
           great
           part
           hereof
           is
           a
           translation
           of
           Eminent
           Authors
           ,
           yet
           I
           left
           my
           Originalls
           when
           I
           found
           'em
           bias'd
           ,
           and
           avoiding
           their
           Extreams
           boul'd
           directly
           to
           the
           Block
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           Introduction
           ,
        
         
           HIstory
           has
           been
           reckon'd
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           most
           Generous
           amusements
           of
           the
           greatest
           Personages
           ,
           and
           the
           loftier
           the
           Subject
           ,
           the
           more
           agreeable
           the
           Entertainment
           .
           Now
           for
           the
           Advantages
           ,
           and
           Dignity
           of
           a
           Scotish
           Chronicle
           ;
           I
           will
           not
           so
           much
           insist
           upon
           it's
           Novelty
           ,
           and
           the
           wonderful
           Vicissitudes
           it
           contains
           ,
           as
           the
           Preheminency
           of
           that
           Crown
           ,
           over
           all
           Common-wealths
           ,
           Empires
           and
           Monarchies
           ,
           which
           ,
           by
           stating
           their
           several
           Claims
           and
           Pretences
           ,
           will
           sufficiently
           be
           made
           appear
           .
           The
           Emperor
           Challenges
           the
           first
           Rank
           ,
           as
           succeeding
           to
           the
           Roman
           Emperors
           ,
           who
           are
           supposed
           to
           have
           been
           universal
           Monarchs
           ;
           the
           French
           King
           pretends
           also
           to
           it
           ,
           upon
           the
           Account
           of
           his
           being
           Stiled
           
             the
             most
             Christian
             King
          
           ,
           with
           other
           such
           Pretences
           .
           The
           King
           of
           Spain
           also
           pleads
           it
           ,
           as
           his
           Right
           ;
           being
           the
           most
           
           Catholick
           King
           ,
           and
           King
           of
           manyest
           Kingdoms
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           Debate
           of
           theirs
           ,
           we
           are
           not
           a
           little
           concerned
           ;
           our
           business
           therefore
           shall
           be
           to
           prove
           :
           First
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           of
           Great
           Britain
           hath
           an
           unquestionable
           Right
           of
           Precedency
           to
           all
           the
           above
           named
           Princes
           :
           Secondly
           ,
           that
           he
           hath
           it
           it
           as
           King
           of
           Scotland
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           he
           founds
           his
           Precedency
           to
           them
           all
           ,
           1.
           
           Upon
           his
           being
           a
           absolute
           Monarch
           of
           the
           Isle
           of
           Great
           Britain
           ,
           which
           was
           first
           Christian
           ,
           2.
           
           Upon
           his
           being
           one
           of
           the
           
             Quatuor
             nucti
          
           ,
           which
           were
           before
           all
           other
           Kings
           ,
           3.
           
           That
           having
           Conquered
           France
           ,
           he
           hath
           Right
           to
           all
           it's
           Titles
           ,
           by
           which
           he
           carries
           it
           clear
           from
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           Competitor
           ,
           and
           Lastly
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           granted
           him
           ,
           even
           as
           King
           of
           England
           by
           the
           Popes
           themselves
           ,
           in
           the
           General
           Councils
           ;
           so
           that
           had
           they
           not
           relinquished
           his
           Papacy
           ,
           it
           is
           like
           his
           Holiness
           ,
           had
           not
           as
           yet
           questioned
           their
           Title
           to
           it
           .
        
         
           II.
           His
           Majesty
           as
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           may
           justly
           claim
           the
           Precedency
           from
           all
           those
           Princes
           ;
           it
           being
           by
           Lawyers
           declared
           the
           uncontroverted
           use
           of
           Precedency
           ,
           
             That
             amongst
             those
             of
             equal
             Dignity
             ,
             he
             who
             first
             attained
             to
             that
             Dignity
             ,
             is
             to
             be
             
             preferred
             ,
          
           This
           being
           a
           Rule
           among
           others
           Dignities
           ,
           we
           see
           no
           reason
           ,
           but
           that
           it
           should
           hold
           here
           .
        
         
           This
           being
           granted
           ,
           I
           subsume
           that
           the
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           being
           equal
           in
           Dignity
           with
           the
           Kings
           of
           
             England
             ,
             France
          
           and
           Spain
           ,
           attained
           to
           that
           Dignity
           ,
           before
           either
           of
           them
           ,
           for
           the
           first
           King
           of
           Scotland
           Reigned
           about
           three
           hundred
           and
           thirty
           years
           before
           the
           birth
           of
           Christ
           :
           Whereas
           the
           English
           Historians
           Confess
           ,
           that
           they
           cannot
           reckon
           higher
           than
           eight
           hundred
           years
           after
           Christ
           :
           Nor
           can
           either
           the
           French
           ,
           or
           Spaniard
           come
           up
           to
           the
           English
           ,
           for
           the
           French
           take
           the
           Origine
           from
           
             Hugh
             Capi
          
           ,
           who
           Usurped
           that
           Crown
           ,
           Anno.
           987.
           
           And
           the
           Spaniards
           from
           Rudolphus
           King
           of
           the
           Romans
           ,
           Elected
           1273.
           
        
         
           But
           here
           it
           is
           objected
           by
           some
           ,
           that
           the
           Kings
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           were
           Vassals
           to
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           did
           them
           Homage
           for
           the
           Crown
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           so
           can
           Claim
           no
           Precedency
           amongst
           any
           free
           Princes
           ,
           far
           less
           amongst
           such
           as
           are
           of
           the
           first
           magnitude
           .
           This
           some
           English
           Historians
           do
           with
           great
           Confidence
           aver
           ;
           but
           that
           their
           Ignorance
           ,
           or
           Malice
           ,
           or
           both
           may
           appear
           ,
           we
           are
           Content
           to
           refer
           the
           matter
           ,
           not
           only
           
           to
           the
           Respect
           the
           General
           Councils
           gave
           to
           the
           Representatives
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           which
           was
           only
           due
           to
           free
           Princes
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Judgment
           of
           Forreign
           Princes
           ,
           Lawyers
           ,
           and
           Historians
           about
           it
           ;
           but
           also
           to
           the
           acknowledgment
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           themselves
           ,
           (
           1.
           )
           King
           Henry
           of
           England
           ,
           having
           intreated
           the
           Assistance
           of
           Alexander
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           against
           Simeon
           Earl
           of
           Leicester
           ,
           did
           by
           Letters
           under
           his
           hand
           ,
           publickly
           declare
           ,
           that
           he
           did
           not
           crave
           this
           Assistance
           ,
           as
           Superior
           ,
           to
           which
           Superiority
           ,
           he
           had
           no
           pretence
           ,
           but
           to
           which
           is
           very
           Considerable
           ,
           the
           King
           and
           Parliament
           of
           England
           ,
           have
           treated
           with
           the
           Ambassadors
           of
           Scotland
           ;
           whereas
           no
           Superior
           can
           Treat
           with
           his
           own
           Vassal
           ,
           as
           a
           Forreigner
           .
        
         
           We
           freely
           Grant
           that
           the
           Kings
           of
           Scotland
           did
           hold
           the
           Lands
           of
           
             Northumberland
             ,
             Cumberland
          
           ,
           and
           
             Westmerland
             ,
             in
             Capite
          
           of
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           which
           yet
           was
           no
           Disparagment
           to
           them
           ;
           that
           being
           most
           ordinary
           amongst
           Sovereign
           Princes
           ,
           for
           thus
           Henry
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           several
           others
           of
           their
           Kings
           ,
           did
           Homage
           to
           the
           Kings
           of
           France
           ,
           for
           the
           Provinces
           possest
           by
           them
           in
           France
           ;
           as
           the
           King
           
           of
           Spain
           also
           doth
           ,
           this
           day
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           for
           Naples
           and
           Sicily
           .
           And
           yet
           the
           Homage
           done
           for
           those
           Countries
           have
           been
           the
           occasion
           of
           an
           Ignorant
           mistake
           in
           some
           ,
           and
           a
           malicious
           Pretence
           for
           others
           ,
           to
           Mis-represent
           it
           ,
           as
           done
           for
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Scotland
           .
        
      
       
         
           Advertisement
           .
        
         
           By
           reason
           of
           the
           Authors
           absence
           from
           the
           Press
           ;
           several
           Faults
           have
           escaped
           ,
           which
           the
           Reader
           is
           desired
           to
           amend
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           List
           of
           the
           KINGS
           of
           SCOTLAND
           .
        
         
           
             
               1
            
             FErgus
             .
          
           
             
               2
            
             Ferithar
             .
          
           
             
               3
            
             Main
             .
          
           
             
               4
            
             Dornadill
             .
          
           
             
               5
            
             Hothat
             .
          
           
             
               6
            
             R●ther
             .
          
           
             
               7
            
             Rutha
             .
          
           
             
               8
            
             Thereus
             .
          
           
             
               9
            
             Josine
             .
          
           
             
               10
            
             Finnane
             .
          
           
             
               11
            
             Durst
             .
          
           
             
               12
            
             Euen
             .
             1
          
           
             
               13
            
             Gill
          
           
             
               14
            
             Euen
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               15
            
             Eder
             .
          
           
             
               16
            
             Euen
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               17
            
             Metelan
             .
          
           
             
               18
            
             Caratack
             .
          
           
             
               19
            
             Corbred
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               20
            
             Dardan
             .
          
           
             
               21
            
             Corbred
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               22
            
             Luctack
             .
          
           
             
               23
            
             Mogald
             .
          
           
             
               24
            
             Conar
             .
          
           
             
               25
            
             Ethod
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               26
            
             Satrael
             .
          
           
             
               27
            
             Donald
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               28
            
             Ethod
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               29
            
             Athirck
             .
          
           
             
               30
            
             Nathalock
             .
          
           
             
               31
            
             Findoch
             .
          
           
             
               32
            
             Donald
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               33
            
             Donald
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               34.
               
            
             Crathilinth
             .
          
           
             
               35
            
             Fincormach
             .
          
           
             
               36
            
             Romach
             .
          
           
             
               37
            
             Angusian
             .
          
           
             
               38
            
             Fethelmach
             .
          
           
             
               39
            
             Ewen
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               40
            
             Fergus
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               41
            
             Ewen
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               42
            
             Dongard
             .
          
           
             
               43
            
             Constantine
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               44
            
             Congall
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               45
            
             Goran
             .
          
           
             
               46
            
             Ewen
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               47
            
             Congall
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               48
            
             Kinnatell
             .
          
           
             
               
               49
            
             Aidan
             .
          
           
             
               50
            
             Kenneth
             .
          
           
             
               51
            
             Ewen
             .
             4.
             
          
           
             
               52
            
             Ferchard
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               53
            
             Donald
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               54
            
             Ferchard
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               55
            
             Maldwine
             .
          
           
             
               56
            
             Ewen
             .
             5.
             
          
           
             
               57
            
             Ewen
             .
             6.
             
          
           
             
               58
            
             Amberkelleth
             .
          
           
             
               59
            
             Ewen
             .
             8.
             
          
           
             
               60
            
             Mordach
             .
          
           
             
               61
            
             Etfin
             .
          
           
             
               62
            
             Ewen
             .
             7.
             
          
           
             
               63
            
             Fergus
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               64
            
             Solvat
             .
          
           
             
               65
            
             Achaius
             .
          
           
             
               66
            
             Congall
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               67
            
             Dongall
             .
          
           
             
               68
            
             Alpine
             .
          
           
             
               69
            
             Kenneth
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               70
            
             Donald
             .
             5.
             
          
           
             
               71
            
             Constantine
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               72
            
             Eth.
             
          
           
             
               73
            
             Gregory
             .
          
           
             
               74
            
             Donald
             .
             6.
             
          
           
             
               75
            
             Constantine
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               76
            
             Malcolm
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               77
            
             Indulf
             .
          
           
             
               78
            
             Duff
             .
          
           
             
               72
            
             Culen
             .
          
           
             
               80
            
             Kenneth
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               81
            
             Constantine
             .
             4.
             
          
           
             
               82
            
             Grim.
             
          
           
             
               83
            
             Malcolm
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               84
            
             Donald
             .
             7.
             
          
           
             
               85
            
             Macbeth
             .
          
           
             
               86
            
             Malcolm
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               87
            
             Donald
             Bane
             .
          
           
             
               88
            
             Duncan
             .
          
           
             
               89
            
             Edgar
             .
          
           
             
               90
            
             Alexander
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               91
            
             David
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               92
            
             Malcolm
             .
             4.
             
          
           
             
               93
            
             William
             .
          
           
             
               94
            
             Alexander
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               95
            
             Alexander
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               96
            
             John
             Balliol
             .
          
           
             
               97
            
             Robert
             Bruce
             .
          
           
             
               98
            
             David
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               99
            
             Edward
             Balliol
             .
          
           
             
               100
            
             Robert.
             2.
             
          
           
             
               101
            
             Robert.
             3.
             
          
           
             
               102
            
             James
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               103
            
             James
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             
               104
            
             James
             .
             3.
             
          
           
             
               105
            
             James
             .
             4.
             
          
           
             
               106
            
             James
             .
             5.
             
          
           
             
               107
            
             Henry
             Stewart
             ,
             and
             Mary
             Stewart
             .
          
           
             
               108
            
             James
             .
             6.
             
          
           
             
               109
            
             Charles
             .
             1.
             
          
           
             
               110
            
             Charles
             .
             2.
             
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           AN
           EPITOME
           OF
           THE
           HISTORY
           OF
           SCOTLAND
           .
        
         
           THe
           Scots
           by
           the
           most
           judicious
           Writers
           ,
           and
           by
           those
           who
           have
           most
           carefully
           studied
           ,
           not
           only
           their
           own
           Antiquities
           ,
           but
           those
           of
           other
           Nations
           are
           acknowleged
           (
           although
           they
           be
           not
           of
           the
           greatest
           )
           to
           be
           undoubtedly
           among
           the
           most
           antient
           People
           in
           Europe
           .
           But
           to
           speak
           more
           particularly
           of
           their
           antient
           Nation
           ,
           we
           must
           know
           that
           the
           whole
           Island
           〈◊〉
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           part
           ,
           was
           at
           first
           called
           Albion
           ,
           or
           Albium
           :
           As
           
             Theophrastus
             ,
             Ptolomy
             ,
             Tacitus
          
           and
           Seneca
           tells
           us
           ,
           which
           Name
           the
           true
           race
           of
           the
           
           ancient
           Scots
           retain
           to
           this
           day
           ,
           calling
           the
           ancient
           Country
           Albin
           ,
           and
           themselves
           Albinich
           ,
           always
           keeping
           their
           primitive
           Name
           notwithstanding
           of
           the
           many
           different
           People
           ,
           that
           have
           since
           inhabited
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           Etymology
           of
           this
           Name
           is
           disputed
           by
           many
           ,
           but
           it
           seems
           to
           be
           really
           derived
           from
           Alb
           ,
           or
           Alp
           ,
           signifying
           a
           Hill
           or
           high
           place
           .
           The
           antient
           Inhabitants
           of
           the
           Northern
           parts
           of
           this
           Island
           were
           called
           Scots
           ,
           who
           were
           divided
           into
           two
           sorts
           ,
           the
           one
           who
           were
           the
           first
           Possessors
           ,
           and
           this
           Posterity
           doth
           inhabit
           it
           to
           this
           day
           ,
           were
           called
           the
           Scoto-Brigantes
           .
           Some
           have
           taken
           upon
           them
           to
           be
           very
           accurat
           ,
           in
           giving
           an
           Account
           of
           their
           descent
           ,
           and
           the
           manner
           of
           their
           coming
           hither
           ,
           even
           from
           the
           far
           ends
           of
           the
           Earth
           ;
           but
           with
           so
           little
           appearance
           of
           Truth
           ,
           that
           I
           will
           not
           put
           my
           Reader
           nor
           my self
           to
           the
           trouble
           to
           refute
           it
           .
           The
           most
           probable
           Conjecture
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           carrieth
           most
           Evidence
           with
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           these
           first
           Inhabitants
           came
           in
           Colonies
           from
           Spain
           to
           Ireland
           (
           nor
           is
           it
           improbable
           ,
           that
           these
           Colonies
           were
           Originally
           from
           France
           )
           who
           either
           for
           want
           of
           Accommodation
           to
           live
           at
           home
           ,
           or
           being
           thrust
           out
           by
           stronger
           hands
           came
           over
           to
           Ireland
           ,
           where
           they
           continued
           long
           ,
           for
           either
           themselves
           or
           their
           Children
           desirous
           of
           new
           
           Habitations
           ,
           transported
           themselves
           to
           the
           north
           Islands
           ,
           where
           they
           continued
           in
           an
           unsetled
           Course
           of
           Life
           for
           a
           long
           time
           ;
           the
           time
           of
           their
           entring
           Albion
           ,
           is
           said
           to
           have
           been
           from
           the
           Creation
           ,
           about
           3530
           years
           .
           
           The
           first
           place
           they
           took
           Possession
           of
           was
           Argyle
           ,
           they
           being
           divided
           into
           sundry
           Tribes
           ,
           elected
           every
           Tribe
           their
           own
           Captain
           ,
           to
           govern
           them
           in
           Peace
           and
           War
           ,
           this
           very
           name
           they
           had
           in
           great
           Veneration
           .
        
         
           Then
           after
           ,
           about
           150
           (
           as
           some
           write
           )
           a
           German
           ,
           or
           as
           Beda
           saith
           ,
           a
           Scythian
           Navy
           arrived
           upon
           the
           coast
           of
           Ireland
           ;
           being
           as
           is
           probable
           ,
           beat
           thither
           by
           a
           Tempest
           ,
           having
           neither
           Wives
           or
           Children
           with
           them
           ;
           the
           men
           were
           in
           want
           of
           every
           thing
           ,
           having
           by
           tedious
           Sailing
           consumed
           all
           their
           Provision
           .
           They
           sent
           to
           the
           Inhabitants
           ,
           desiring
           they
           might
           have
           a
           residence
           among
           which
           they
           told
           them
           ,
           they
           could
           not
           afford
           in
           regard
           of
           the
           Barrenness
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           the
           multitude
           of
           Inhabitants
           that
           possess
           it
           already
           ;
           but
           that
           there
           was
           a
           habitable
           Land
           called
           Albion
           ,
           not
           far
           from
           them
           ,
           whether
           they
           might
           go
           ;
           it
           being
           for
           the
           most
           part
           ,
           as
           yet
           un-inhabited
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           did
           inhabit
           it
           ,
           like
           to
           ruin
           one
           another
           by
           civil
           Discords
        
         
           Those
           men
           (
           afterward
           called
           Picts
           
           following
           their
           Advice
           ,
           set
           Sail
           and
           came
           to
           that
           part
           of
           Albion
           that
           lyes
           toward
           Germany
           ;
           and
           having
           Landed
           ,
           soon
           beat
           out
           the
           Inhabitants
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           draw
           themselves
           within
           less
           bounds
           .
           Possessing
           themselves
           of
           
             Caithness
             ,
             Ross
             ,
             Murray
             ,
             Merus
             ,
             Angus
             ,
             Fiffe
          
           and
           Lothian
           ,
           together
           with
           Orkney
           ,
           which
           some
           say
           was
           their
           first
           Habitation
           .
           They
           were
           a
           civil
           People
           ,
           Ingenious
           and
           Crafty
           ,
           both
           in
           Peace
           and
           War.
           
        
         
           Having
           fixed
           their
           residence
           ,
           they
           sent
           Messingers
           to
           the
           Scots
           ,
           desiring
           their
           Daughters
           in
           Marriage
           ,
           alledging
           that
           if
           they
           condescended
           ,
           it
           would
           highly
           conduce
           to
           the
           Welfare
           of
           both
           of
           them
           ;
           being
           thereby
           made
           strong
           ,
           for
           either
           an
           offensive
           or
           defensive
           War
           ,
           with
           any
           of
           their
           Neigbours
           .
           This
           message
           the
           Scots
           at
           first
           rejected
           ,
           but
           upon
           mature
           Deliberation
           they
           condescended
           :
           So
           having
           agreed
           upon
           the
           Terms
           ,
           which
           were
           that
           they
           should
           concur
           with
           all
           their
           Forces
           ,
           when
           they
           were
           invaded
           ,
           and
           as
           often
           as
           the
           Crown
           of
           Picts
           came
           to
           want
           an
           Heir
           ,
           the
           next
           of
           the
           Womans
           blood
           should
           succeed
           ;
           the
           Scots
           gave
           their
           Daughters
           in
           Marriage
           to
           them
           :
           But
           the
           Brittons
           who
           inhabited
           the
           South
           parts
           of
           the
           Island
           ,
           suspecting
           that
           this
           affinity
           between
           the
           Scots
           and
           the
           Picts
           ,
           might
           tend
           to
           their
           
           prejudice
           ,
           sent
           Ambassadors
           to
           the
           Picts
           ,
           perswading
           them
           to
           break
           with
           the
           Scots
           ;
           by
           this
           means
           the
           Scots
           suffered
           extreamly
           ,
           many
           of
           their
           People
           who
           dwelt
           among
           the
           Picts
           ,
           being
           surprized
           and
           cut
           off
           ,
           in
           Compensation
           of
           which
           they
           cut
           off
           ,
           as
           many
           of
           the
           Picts
           as
           they
           could
           catch
           ;
           thus
           they
           for
           a
           long
           time
           wasted
           one
           anothers
           Country
           with
           continual
           Incursions
           ,
           at
           last
           they
           resolved
           to
           put
           it
           to
           the
           hazard
           of
           a
           General
           Battle
           .
           The
           Scots
           assembling
           in
           Argyle
           ,
           consulted
           what
           was
           fit
           to
           be
           done
           ,
           and
           considering
           that
           they
           had
           not
           only
           to
           do
           with
           the
           Picts
           ,
           but
           with
           the
           Brittons
           also
           ;
           therefore
           it
           was
           agreed
           to
           send
           Ambassadors
           to
           Ireland
           ,
           to
           have
           the
           Advice
           and
           Assistance
           of
           their
           old
           Friends
           ,
           and
           Progenitors
           in
           this
           Affair
           ,
           and
           finding
           that
           by
           having
           many
           supreme
           Captains
           ,
           Sedition
           and
           Division
           increased
           amongst
           them
           ,
           they
           resolve
           to
           elect
           one
           to
           have
           the
           supreem
           Government
           over
           the
           rest
           .
        
         
           Their
           Ambassadors
           arriving
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           representing
           their
           condition
           to
           Ferchard
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           he
           was
           much
           concerned
           at
           the
           wrongs
           done
           them
           ,
           therefore
           he
           sent
           his
           Son
           Fergus
           a
           wise
           and
           valiant
           Prince
           ,
           accompanied
           with
           many
           gallant
           Soldiers
           ;
           sending
           with
           him
           also
           the
           fatal
           Marble
           Chair
           for
           his
           incouragement
           :
           
           Upon
           his
           arrival
           he
           called
           a
           Councel
           in
           Argyle
           ,
           where
           having
           made
           an
           elegant
           Oration
           ,
           he
           was
           by
           Unanimous
           Consent
           elected
           King
           of
           the
           Scots
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           Thus
           Fergus
           the
           first
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           was
           Crowned
           in
           the
           fatal
           Marble
           Chair
           ,
           which
           he
           brought
           with
           him
           from
           Ireland
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           from
           the
           Creation
           3641.
           before
           the
           coming
           of
           Christ
           330.
           about
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           fourth
           Monarchy
           ,
           when
           Alexander
           the
           Great
           vanquished
           Darius
           the
           last
           Persian
           Monarch
           .
           Soon
           after
           the
           Picts
           assisted
           by
           the
           Brittons
           ,
           invaded
           the
           Country
           against
           them
           ,
           the
           King
           most
           valiantly
           took
           the
           Field
           with
           his
           fierce
           Scots
           ;
           when
           the
           two
           Armies
           approached
           one
           another
           ,
           the
           Brittons
           stood
           off
           in
           Battle
           Array
           ,
           resolving
           that
           when
           the
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           had
           sufficiently
           weakened
           one
           another
           in
           Battle
           ,
           to
           break
           in
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           destroy
           them
           both
           ;
           this
           by
           a
           Fugitive
           Britton
           was
           discovered
           to
           Fergus
           ,
           whereupon
           he
           desired
           an
           interview
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           ;
           wherein
           ,
           representing
           the
           eminent
           hazard
           that
           both
           of
           them
           were
           in
           ,
           by
           the
           Treachery
           of
           the
           Brittons
           ,
           after
           mature
           Deliberation
           ;
           it
           was
           determined
           that
           they
           both
           should
           convert
           their
           Arms
           against
           the
           Brittons
           ,
           this
           resolution
           was
           most
           pleasing
           no
           doubt
           to
           the
           Picts
           Wives
           ,
           to
           see
           their
           Husbands
           and
           their
           Fathers
           agreed
           .
           The
           Brittons
           seeing
           this
           disappointment
           of
           their
           
           hopes
           break
           upon
           the
           Picts
           ,
           pillaging
           and
           spoiling
           at
           their
           Pleasure
           ,
           which
           when
           Fergus
           heard
           of
           ,
           he
           went
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           Assistance
           of
           the
           Picts
           ,
           he
           totally
           routed
           them
           killing
           their
           King
           ,
           his
           Name
           was
           Coil
           with
           many
           of
           his
           Nobles
           :
           Upon
           this
           Victory
           the
           Nobles
           and
           Subjects
           agreed
           ,
           that
           Fergus
           and
           his
           Posterity
           ,
           should
           inherit
           the
           Crown
           of
           Scotland
           for
           ever
           ,
           whereupon
           Charters
           and
           Evidences
           were
           granted
           to
           them
           ,
           ratifying
           the
           same
           .
        
         
           The
           Kingdom
           of
           Scotland
           being
           thus
           confirmed
           to
           Fergus
           and
           his
           Successors
           ,
           he
           with
           Advice
           and
           Consent
           of
           his
           Councel
           divided
           the
           whole
           Land
           ,
           then
           inhabited
           by
           the
           Scots
           among
           his
           Nobles
           and
           Captains
           ,
           making
           many
           Laws
           to
           repress
           Vice
           and
           Disorders
           :
           Not
           long
           after
           he
           was
           chosen
           Arbitrator
           ,
           to
           determine
           some
           high
           Controversies
           amongst
           his
           Friends
           in
           Ireland
           ;
           whereupon
           he
           went
           thither
           ,
           accompanied
           with
           many
           of
           his
           Nobles
           ,
           and
           setled
           all
           their
           Debates
           .
           But
           returning
           home
           ,
           he
           was
           by
           a
           tempestuous
           Storm
           driven
           upon
           a
           Rock
           in
           the
           Sea
           ,
           where
           he
           and
           all
           the
           Nobles
           in
           his
           Company
           perished
           ,
           this
           Rock
           is
           called
           after
           his
           Name
           Carrib-Fergus
           :
           Thus
           dyed
           this
           brave
           and
           valiant
           Prince
           ,
           in
           the
           five
           and
           twentieth
           Year
           of
           his
           Raign
           ,
           to
           the
           unspeakable
           Grief
           and
           loss
           of
           his
           Subjects
           .
        
         
         
           2.
           
           Fergus
           being
           dead
           ,
           left
           two
           Sons
           behind
           ,
           him
           Ferlegus
           and
           Atainus
           ,
           neither
           of
           which
           were
           capable
           presently
           to
           manage
           the
           Government
           ,
           because
           of
           their
           tender
           years
           :
           Whereupon
           a
           Convention
           was
           holden
           by
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           for
           electing
           of
           a
           King
           ,
           wherein
           some
           were
           for
           choosing
           one
           of
           the
           late
           Kings
           Children
           ;
           alledging
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           bound
           by
           Oath
           to
           continue
           the
           Crown
           in
           Fergus
           his
           Succession
           ;
           others
           aggravated
           the
           Danger
           both
           at
           home
           and
           abroad
           ,
           under
           the
           Government
           of
           a
           Child
           .
           At
           length
           ,
           after
           a
           long
           Debate
           it
           was
           enacted
           ,
           that
           when
           it
           happened
           their
           King
           should
           dye
           ,
           (
           the
           Heirs
           begotten
           of
           his
           Body
           ,
           being
           Children
           )
           the
           nearest
           of
           the
           Royal
           Blood
           ,
           being
           the
           best
           qualified
           for
           doing
           of
           Justice
           should
           succeed
           ,
           and
           possess
           the
           Crown
           for
           his
           time
           ;
           and
           after
           his
           Death
           ,
           the
           former
           Kings
           Son
           to
           succeed
           without
           any
           impediment
           ,
           if
           he
           is
           found
           fit
           for
           Government
           .
           This
           Law
           was
           in
           Force
           till
           the
           Reign
           of
           King
           Malcom
           the
           third
           .
           Thus
           by
           this
           Law
           Feritharis
           Brother
           to
           Fergus
           the
           late
           King
           was
           chosen
           ,
           who
           begun
           his
           Reign
           in
           the
           Year
           of
           the
           World
           3666.
           before
           the
           coming
           of
           Christ
           305
           Years
           ,
           from
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Reign
           of
           Scotland
           26.
           
        
         
           Feritharis
           Reigned
           fifteen
           years
           with
           such
           Equity
           and
           Modesty
           ,
           that
           his
           Subjects
           found
           him
           an
           excellent
           King
           ,
           and
           his
           Nephews
           
           an
           excellent
           Tutor
           ;
           but
           at
           length
           Ferlegus
           having
           an
           itching
           after
           the
           Government
           ,
           and
           having
           got
           some
           loose
           young
           Men
           upon
           his
           side
           ,
           went
           to
           his
           Uncle
           and
           boldly
           demanded
           the
           Kingdom
           from
           him
           ,
           alledging
           that
           he
           enjoyed
           it
           ,
           only
           by
           way
           of
           trust
           ,
           during
           his
           Minority
           .
           Feritharis
           upon
           this
           called
           a
           Convention
           of
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           where
           he
           willingly
           offered
           to
           resign
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           in
           Favours
           of
           his
           Nephew
           ;
           but
           they
           being
           sensible
           how
           happy
           they
           had
           hitherto
           lived
           ,
           under
           his
           Government
           ,
           and
           knowing
           that
           the
           other
           was
           of
           a
           rude
           untractable
           disposition
           ,
           by
           no
           means
           would
           hear
           of
           it
           ;
           soon
           after
           there
           was
           a
           Conspiracy
           discovered
           against
           the
           Kings
           Person
           ,
           managed
           by
           Ferlegus
           and
           some
           others
           :
           Whereupon
           he
           was
           presently
           arraigned
           and
           found
           Guilty
           ,
           but
           his
           Fathers
           memory
           ,
           his
           Uncles
           desire
           to
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           prevailed
           to
           have
           him
           pardoned
           ,
           and
           committed
           only
           to
           the
           keeping
           of
           some
           ,
           who
           were
           commanded
           to
           take
           special
           notice
           of
           all
           his
           Actions
           ,
           but
           he
           found
           a
           way
           to
           deceive
           his
           Keepers
           ,
           and
           make
           his
           escape
           ;
           he
           first
           fled
           to
           the
           Picts
           ,
           then
           to
           the
           Brittons
           ,
           where
           he
           spent
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           days
           in
           great
           Misery
           ,
           within
           a
           Month
           after
           ,
           Feritharis
           dyed
           ,
           not
           without
           Suspicion
           of
           being
           poysoned
           by
           some
           of
           his
           Nephews
           Accomplices
           ,
           which
           so
           inraged
           
           the
           Nation
           against
           him
           ,
           that
           his
           very
           Memory
           was
           hateful
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           
             Mainus
             Fergus
          
           his
           second
           Son
           ,
           succeeded
           ,
           in
           the
           Year
           of
           the
           World
           3680.
           before
           Christ
           291.
           
           After
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Reign
           forty
           one
           .
           He
           was
           a
           noble
           Prince
           ,
           and
           a
           severe
           Justitiary
           ,
           he
           renewed
           the
           old
           League
           ,
           with
           Crinus
           King
           of
           Picts
           ,
           he
           dyed
           peaceably
           the
           29th
           .
           Year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           His
           Son
           Dornadill
           succeeded
           him
           in
           the
           Government
           in
           the
           Year
           of
           the
           World
           3079.
           before
           Christ
           262.
           after
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Reign
           seventy
           ,
           he
           followed
           his
           Fathers
           Foot-steps
           in
           Equity
           and
           Justice
           ,
           but
           was
           more
           given
           to
           Pastimes
           ;
           especially
           Hunting
           ;
           he
           is
           said
           to
           have
           made
           several
           Laws
           about
           Hunting
           ,
           which
           the
           Ancient
           Scots
           observe
           to
           this
           day
           ,
           he
           dyed
           peaceably
           the
           28.
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           Dornadilles
           eldest
           Son
           ,
           being
           yet
           a
           Child
           and
           not
           fit
           to
           Govern
           ,
           the
           People
           set
           Hothat
           his
           Brother
           upon
           the
           Throne
           in
           the
           year
           of
           the
           World
           3738.
           before
           Christ
           233
           after
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Reign
           98.
           
           He
           proved
           a
           monstrous
           Tyrant
           ,
           taking
           Pleasure
           in
           nothing
           more
           than
           in
           murthering
           his
           Nobility
           ,
           and
           destroying
           his
           People
           by
           all
           the
           means
           that
           he
           could
           devise
           ,
           till
           at
           last
           one
           Dowall
           a
           Gallaway
           man
           ,
           having
           gathered
           together
           a
           Company
           of
           
           disaffected
           Persons
           came
           boldly
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           telling
           him
           how
           grievous
           his
           Government
           was
           to
           the
           People
           ,
           because
           of
           his
           Oppression
           ,
           and
           therefore
           desired
           him
           to
           resign
           the
           Crown
           (
           which
           he
           was
           unfit
           to
           wear
           )
           to
           such
           as
           had
           a
           better
           Title
           to
           it
           ;
           the
           King
           tho'
           surprized
           by
           his
           Enemy
           ,
           yet
           no
           ways
           daunted
           ,
           told
           him
           ,
           that
           whatever
           was
           done
           by
           him
           during
           his
           Government
           ,
           was
           done
           by
           Royal
           Authority
           ,
           and
           if
           it
           was
           grievous
           to
           the
           Subjects
           ,
           they
           had
           their
           own
           obstinacy
           to
           blame
           for
           it
           ,
           hereupon
           Dowall
           presently
           fell
           upon
           ,
           and
           killed
           him
           after
           he
           had
           Reigned
           twenty
           years
           .
        
         
           6.
           
           Rewther
           the
           Son
           of
           Dornadilles
           ,
           was
           by
           Dowals
           Faction
           made
           King
           without
           the
           Peoples
           Consent
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           of
           the
           World
           3758.
           before
           Christ
           213.
           after
           the
           Reign
           118.
           the
           Nobles
           took
           this
           very
           ill
           .
           And
           as
           for
           Hothat
           ,
           tho'
           they
           knew
           that
           he
           deserved
           the
           worst
           kind
           of
           Death
           ,
           yet
           they
           did
           not
           approve
           of
           this
           Fact
           ,
           as
           being
           of
           bad
           Example
           ;
           they
           knew
           also
           ,
           that
           what
           Dowal
           did
           ,
           was
           for
           his
           own
           ends
           ,
           as
           afterward
           appeared
           .
           Hothat's
           Relations
           taking
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           Peoples
           dissatisfaction
           stirred
           them
           up
           by
           all
           means
           ,
           to
           make
           War
           upon
           Dowall
           ;
           at
           length
           ,
           they
           draw
           to
           Arms
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           
             Ferguhort
             ,
             Hothat's
          
           Son-in-Law
           ,
           and
           Captain
           
           of
           Kintire
           and
           
             Lorn
             .
             Dowall
          
           came
           against
           them
           with
           great
           Power
           ,
           accompanied
           with
           the
           young
           King
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           ,
           and
           many
           others
           of
           his
           Friends
           .
           There
           followed
           a
           most
           cruel
           Battel
           ,
           where
           after
           two
           several
           Engagements
           in
           one
           day
           ,
           Dowall
           was
           utterly
           defeated
           ,
           himself
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           ,
           together
           with
           all
           the
           chief
           of
           the
           Claws
           were
           killed
           upon
           the
           place
           .
           Reuther
           the
           young
           King
           was
           pursued
           ,
           and
           taken
           at
           the
           Castle
           of
           Callender
           ,
           but
           very
           civilly
           used
           .
        
         
           The
           consequences
           of
           this
           unhappy
           day
           ,
           were
           most
           fatal
           both
           to
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           ;
           not
           having
           Men
           enough
           left
           alive
           to
           inhabit
           the
           Realm
           ,
           or
           to
           withstand
           their
           Enemies
           ,
           upon
           which
           the
           Brittons
           took
           occasion
           to
           invade
           them
           ,
           but
           they
           no
           wise
           being
           in
           Case
           to
           resist
           them
           ,
           after
           several
           bloody
           Skirmishes
           ,
           were
           forced
           to
           betake
           them
           to
           the
           Mountains
           ;
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           went
           into
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           to
           Orkney
           ,
           whereafter
           twelve
           years
           Misery
           ,
           they
           resolved
           once
           more
           to
           try
           their
           Fortune
           ,
           and
           returning
           home
           ,
           the
           one
           from
           Ireland
           ,
           the
           other
           from
           Orkney
           ;
           they
           joyned
           Battle
           with
           their
           old
           Enemies
           ,
           the
           conflict
           was
           so
           terrible
           ,
           that
           none
           of
           the
           parties
           could
           boast
           much
           of
           the
           Victory
           .
           However
           ,
           the
           up-shot
           of
           the
           matter
           was
           ,
           a
           Peace
           was
           concluded
           ,
           and
           the
           Scots
           ,
           and
           Picts
           re-installed
           in
           their
           old
           Possessions
           .
           
           This
           King
           dyed
           in
           the
           twenty
           six
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           having
           left
           one
           Son
           begotten
           by
           Gethus
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           his
           Daughter
           .
        
         
           7.
           
           But
           he
           being
           young
           and
           not
           fit
           to
           Reign
           ,
           being
           scarcely
           ten
           years
           of
           age
           ,
           Reutha
           his
           Fathers
           Brother
           succeeded
           in
           the
           year
           of
           the
           World
           3784.
           before
           Christ
           187.
           after
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Reign
           144.
           he
           instituted
           divers
           Laws
           ,
           which
           are
           in
           Force
           among
           the
           old
           Inhabitants
           to
           this
           day
           ;
           and
           having
           Reigned
           seventeen
           years
           with
           great
           applause
           ,
           either
           for
           his
           want
           of
           Health
           ,
           or
           Love
           of
           Solitariness
           ,
           or
           for
           fear
           of
           
             Thereus
             ,
             Reuthers
          
           Son
           ,
           whom
           he
           knew
           to
           have
           an
           itching
           after
           the
           Crown
           he
           resigned
           .
        
         
           8.
           
           Thereus
           succeeded
           in
           the
           year
           of
           the
           World
           3799.
           before
           Christ
           171.
           after
           the
           Reign
           158.
           
           The
           first
           six
           months
           he
           Governed
           pretty
           moderately
           ,
           but
           he
           suddenly
           brake
           loose
           ,
           giving
           reins
           to
           all
           kinds
           of
           of
           wickedness
           ,
           causing
           Slanders
           and
           Calumnies
           to
           be
           raised
           against
           his
           Nobles
           ,
           and
           under
           this
           pretence
           cruelly
           Murthering
           them
           ;
           but
           at
           last
           the
           people
           not
           able
           to
           endure
           his
           Tyranny
           ,
           degraded
           him
           of
           all
           his
           Honours
           .
           Covan
           Captain
           of
           the
           Brigants
           ,
           was
           made
           Governor
           ,
           who
           Governed
           very
           wisely
           ,
           about
           the
           space
           of
           eleven
           years
           ,
           at
           which
           time
           being
           informed
           ,
           that
           Thereus
           had
           dyed
           at
           York
           ,
           he
           resigned
           the
           Government
           .
        
         
         
           9.
           
           Josina
           the
           Kings
           Brother
           succeeded
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           the
           year
           of
           the
           World
           3818.
           before
           Christ
           161.
           after
           the
           Reign
           170.
           
           He
           was
           a
           peacable
           and
           good
           King
           ,
           it
           is
           observed
           of
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           highly
           esteemed
           Physitians
           ,
           being
           himself
           very
           expert
           in
           that
           Science
           ,
           whence
           it
           came
           to
           pass
           that
           for
           many
           Ages
           after
           ,
           the
           Heads
           of
           Families
           and
           Men
           of
           worth
           ,
           were
           for
           the
           most
           part
           excellent
           Physitians
           :
           He
           dyed
           in
           a
           good
           Age
           ,
           after
           he
           had
           Reigned
           twenty
           four
           years
           .
        
         
           10.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           his
           Son
           Finnan
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           of
           the
           World
           3834.
           before
           Christ
           137.
           after
           the
           Reign
           194.
           
           This
           Prince
           followed
           his
           Fathers
           Foot-steps
           ,
           he
           studied
           nothing
           more
           than
           to
           gain
           the
           Hearts
           of
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           to
           maintain
           his
           Royal
           Dignity
           ,
           more
           with
           Clemency
           than
           Force
           :
           That
           he
           might
           prove
           an
           effectual
           Enemy
           to
           Tyranny
           ,
           he
           made
           a
           Law
           that
           Kings
           should
           command
           nothing
           of
           great
           weight
           ,
           in
           the
           state
           without
           Advice
           of
           their
           Parliament
           ,
           he
           dyed
           the
           thirtieth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           11.
           
           Durstius
           his
           Son
           succeeded
           
             Finnan
             ,
             A.
             M.
          
           3864.
           before
           Christ
           107.
           after
           the
           Reign
           224.
           
           A
           Flagitious
           and
           wicked
           Tyrant
           ,
           he
           banished
           his
           Fathers
           Friends
           from
           the
           presence
           ,
           because
           they
           advised
           him
           to
           leave
           off
           his
           lewd
           Courses
           .
           Having
           prostituted
           
           his
           Wife
           ,
           who
           was
           Daughter
           to
           the
           King
           of
           the
           Brittons
           to
           his
           Companions
           ,
           he
           repudeated
           her
           .
           But
           soon
           after
           ,
           it
           was
           discovered
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           carrying
           on
           a
           Conspiracy
           against
           his
           Nobles
           ,
           and
           knowing
           that
           he
           could
           have
           no
           shelter
           ,
           either
           at
           home
           or
           abroad
           ;
           having
           been
           so
           cruel
           ,
           he
           feigned
           a
           sincere
           Repentance
           of
           his
           former
           wickedness
           ,
           calling
           home
           his
           Queen
           ,
           promising
           by
           Oath
           to
           his
           Nobles
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           no
           longer
           follow
           his
           Irregular
           Courses
           ;
           which
           they
           readily
           believing
           ,
           forgot
           all
           former
           Injuries
           ,
           but
           not
           long
           after
           having
           invited
           them
           ,
           to
           make
           them
           merry
           with
           him
           ,
           when
           he
           got
           them
           all
           together
           ,
           he
           caused
           a
           Company
           of
           Ruffians
           to
           fall
           upon
           them
           and
           Murther
           them
           .
           The
           noise
           of
           this
           heinous
           Act
           going
           all
           abroad
           ,
           stirred
           all
           the
           People
           to
           revenge
           ,
           who
           killed
           him
           in
           Battle
           ,
           after
           that
           he
           had
           Reigned
           nine
           years
           .
        
         
           12.
           
           It
           was
           hotly
           debated
           among
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           whether
           the
           next
           in
           Blood
           to
           Durstius
           should
           succeed
           ,
           some
           were
           against
           it
           ,
           fearing
           lest
           the
           Successor
           ,
           if
           he
           were
           in
           kin
           to
           him
           ,
           might
           be
           tempted
           to
           revenge
           the
           Death
           :
           Others
           were
           for
           keeping
           up
           his
           ancient
           Custom
           according
           to
           the
           Oath
           sworn
           to
           Fergus
           ,
           at
           length
           they
           Condesended
           upon
           Ewen
           ,
           Brother
           to
           Durstius
           ,
           him
           they
           Crowned
           ,
           
             A.
             M.
          
           3873.
           before
           
           Christ
           98.
           
           He
           is
           thought
           to
           have
           been
           the
           first
           ,
           who
           caused
           his
           Subjects
           to
           give
           him
           their
           Oath
           of
           fidelity
           .
           He
           went
           with
           the
           Picts
           against
           the
           Brittons
           ,
           where
           there
           was
           so
           cruel
           a
           Battle
           fought
           ,
           that
           Night
           drawing
           on
           both
           Parties
           retired
           ,
           but
           the
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           understanding
           that
           the
           Brittons
           had
           left
           the
           Field
           ,
           they
           returned
           to
           their
           Camp
           ,
           where
           they
           found
           great
           spoil
           ,
           which
           they
           divided
           by
           Law
           of
           Arms
           ,
           and
           returned
           home
           Victors
           ,
           where
           Ewenus
           spent
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           days
           in
           Peace
           ,
           he
           dyed
           the
           nineteenth
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           13.
           
           Durstius
           his
           two
           Sons
           ,
           who
           were
           the
           nearest
           of
           the
           Royal
           Line
           ,
           after
           Evenus
           his
           Death
           began
           to
           contend
           for
           the
           Crown
           ,
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           Gillus
           ,
           base
           Son
           to
           Evenus
           ,
           having
           got
           together
           some
           Villains
           for
           his
           purpose
           ,
           suppresseth
           them
           both
           ,
           and
           Murthers
           them
           ,
           then
           sets
           himself
           upon
           the
           Throne
           ,
           
             A.
             M.
          
           3802.
           before
           Christ
           79.
           after
           the
           Reign
           252.
           
           But
           not
           thinking
           himself
           secure
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           any
           of
           Durstius
           his
           Posterity
           ,
           were
           extant
           resolved
           ,
           to
           take
           off
           his
           three
           Nephews
           ,
           who
           were
           in
           the
           Isle
           of
           Man
           ;
           the
           eldest
           two
           he
           caught
           in
           his
           Snare
           ,
           and
           killed
           ,
           but
           the
           third
           was
           conveyed
           away
           by
           his
           Nurse
           ,
           in
           the
           Night
           time
           and
           carryed
           to
           Argyle
           ,
           where
           she
           kept
           him
           for
           some
           years
           in
           a
           Cave
           for
           fear
           of
           
           the
           Tyrant
           ,
           who
           was
           at
           last
           killed
           in
           Battel
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           whether
           he
           had
           fled
           ,
           by
           Caldebus
           the
           Captain
           of
           the
           Brigrands
           the
           second
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           14.
           
           Evenus
           the
           second
           King
           Finnans
           Nephew
           succeeded
           in
           the
           Government
           ,
           
             A.
             M.
          
           3894.
           before
           Christ
           77.
           years
           ;
           a
           good
           Institutor
           ,
           he
           confirmed
           the
           Peace
           with
           the
           Picts
           ,
           having
           married
           Gethus
           the
           third
           King
           of
           Picts
           his
           Daughter
           ,
           he
           afterward
           overcame
           Belus
           King
           of
           Orkney
           in
           Battle
           ,
           who
           finding
           no
           way
           to
           escape
           killed
           himself
           :
           He
           also
           built
           Innerlosher
           ,
           and
           Innerness
           ,
           he
           dyed
           in
           the
           seventeenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           15.
           
           
             Ederus
             Durstius
          
           his
           Brothers
           Son
           succeeded
           in
           the
           Year
           of
           the
           World
           3911.
           before
           Christ
           60.
           after
           the
           Reign
           271.
           
           Bredus
           of
           the
           Isles
           ,
           Cousin
           to
           Gillus
           the
           Tyrant
           ,
           brake
           in
           upon
           the
           Country
           ;
           the
           King
           went
           presently
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           overthrew
           him
           and
           his
           followers
           ,
           and
           burnt
           their
           Ships
           ;
           he
           afterward
           assisted
           the
           Brittons
           against
           
             Julius
             Caesar
          
           in
           England
           ,
           where
           by
           his
           means
           a
           Glorious
           Victory
           was
           obtained
           ,
           he
           dyed
           in
           Peace
           the
           forty
           eight
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           16.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           Evenus
           the
           third
           his
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             M.
          
           3959.
           before
           Christ
           12.
           
           This
           man
           came
           to
           such
           a
           height
           of
           Luxury
           ,
           
           that
           not
           being
           content
           ,
           that
           he
           took
           an
           hundred
           noble
           Women
           to
           be
           his
           Concubines
           ;
           he
           made
           an
           Act
           ,
           that
           every
           Man
           should
           keep
           as
           many
           Wives
           as
           he
           pleased
           ,
           so
           that
           he
           had
           an
           Estate
           to
           maintain
           them
           ,
           and
           another
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           should
           have
           the
           first
           Nights
           enjoyment
           of
           a
           Noble
           mans
           Lady
           ,
           allowing
           the
           Noble
           men
           the
           same
           priviledge
           from
           their
           Inferiors
           :
           He
           was
           afterward
           taken
           in
           Battle
           and
           imprisoned
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           killed
           by
           a
           young
           Child
           the
           seventh
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           17.
           
           Mettallan's
           Nephew
           to
           Ederus
           succeedeed
           ,
           
             A.
             M.
          
           3966.
           before
           Christ
           4.
           after
           the
           Reign
           326.
           
           A
           King
           universally
           beloved
           ,
           because
           that
           in
           his
           time
           there
           was
           universal
           Peace
           abroad
           ,
           and
           Tranquility
           at
           Home
           ;
           but
           yet
           he
           could
           not
           reduce
           his
           Nobles
           from
           the
           Riotous
           habit
           ,
           that
           they
           acquired
           in
           his
           Predecessors
           time
           ,
           he
           dyed
           Peaceably
           the
           thirty
           ninth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           18.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           ,
           Garratacus
           his
           Sisters
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             M.
          
           4005.
           
           
             A.
             D.
          
           35.
           
           He
           first
           composed
           some
           Tumults
           ,
           that
           were
           in
           the
           Isles
           upon
           the
           late
           Kings
           Death
           ,
           then
           assisted
           his
           Neighbours
           against
           the
           Romans
           .
           Some
           report
           that
           in
           his
           time
           ,
           Orkney
           was
           conquered
           by
           Claudius
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           of
           it
           sent
           in
           Triumph
           to
           Rome
           .
           After
           many
           bloody
           Battles
           fought
           
           with
           the
           Romans
           ,
           he
           at
           last
           was
           desired
           by
           Vespasian
           to
           submit
           to
           them
           ,
           and
           he
           should
           be
           reputed
           a
           Friend
           to
           the
           Senate
           ,
           and
           enjoy
           great
           Honours
           ,
           to
           which
           he
           answered
           ,
           that
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Scotland
           was
           as
           free
           to
           him
           ,
           as
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           the
           Romans
           was
           to
           Caesar
           ,
           he
           dyed
           Peaceably
           the
           twentieth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           19.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           his
           Brother
           
             Corbred
             ,
             A.
             M.
          
           4025.
           after
           Christ
           55.
           after
           the
           Reign
           385.
           
           The
           Islanders
           ,
           who
           almost
           in
           every
           Interregnum
           stirred
           up
           Sedition
           ,
           hoping
           for
           a
           Change
           therein
           ,
           divers
           expeditions
           quite
           subdued
           by
           him
           :
           He
           suppressed
           Thieves
           ,
           going
           frequently
           from
           place
           to
           place
           ,
           doing
           Justice
           ,
           he
           dyed
           in
           the
           tenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           20.
           
           Corbred's
           Son
           being
           a
           Child
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           chused
           Dardan
           Nephew
           
             Metellan
             ,
             A.
             M.
          
           4042.
           after
           Christ
           72.
           there
           were
           great
           hopes
           had
           of
           him
           at
           first
           ,
           but
           within
           three
           years
           he
           degenerated
           ,
           and
           became
           an
           odious
           Tyrant
           ,
           murthering
           and
           destroying
           all
           the
           wisest
           ,
           and
           best
           of
           his
           Councellors
           ,
           and
           to
           compleat
           his
           Villainies
           ,
           hired
           a
           Ruffian
           to
           murther
           Corbred's
           two
           Sons
           ,
           who
           were
           in
           the
           Isle
           of
           Man
           ;
           but
           the
           Traitor
           being
           taken
           just
           ready
           to
           perpetrate
           the
           Villany
           ,
           was
           forced
           to
           discover
           the
           whole
           Plot
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           Nobles
           Unanimously
           
           resolved
           ,
           to
           revenge
           the
           Treason
           ,
           but
           the
           King
           absconding
           himself
           ,
           and
           his
           Forces
           being
           defeated
           by
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           was
           at
           last
           taken
           ,
           and
           his
           Head
           struck
           off
           the
           fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           21.
           
           Corbred
           the
           second
           ,
           Surnamed
           Galdus
           cometh
           next
           to
           the
           Throne
           ,
           after
           Christ
           76.
           
           A
           Couragious
           and
           warlike
           Prince
           ,
           in
           his
           days
           the
           Romans
           had
           greatly
           inlarged
           their
           Borders
           ,
           for
           having
           quite
           routed
           the
           Brittons
           ,
           they
           went
           as
           far
           North
           ,
           as
           the
           River
           Tay
           ,
           and
           had
           probably
           gone
           further
           ,
           had
           not
           that
           Valiant
           warrier
           Agricola
           been
           called
           home
           by
           Domitian
           ,
           who
           envied
           his
           Success
           ,
           he
           was
           no
           sooner
           gone
           ,
           but
           Corbred
           came
           with
           an
           Army
           ,
           and
           made
           a
           great
           slaughter
           among
           the
           Romans
           ,
           pursuing
           them
           from
           one
           place
           to
           another
           ;
           till
           at
           length
           they
           were
           glad
           to
           beg
           their
           Peace
           ,
           which
           was
           granted
           upon
           very
           Honourable
           terms
           .
           Corbred
           having
           spent
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           days
           in
           Peace
           ,
           dyed
           the
           thirty
           fifth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           22.
           
           Luctacus
           succeeded
           his
           Father
           
             Corbred
             ,
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           110.
           
           A
           most
           Flagitious
           man
           ,
           given
           to
           all
           kinds
           of
           Lewdness
           and
           Cruelty
           ;
           which
           his
           Nobles
           perceiving
           ,
           at
           a
           Convention
           of
           the
           States
           ,
           began
           to
           reprove
           him
           for
           his
           Wickness
           and
           Tyranny
           :
           He
           being
           inraged
           at
           this
           ,
           commanded
           some
           of
           them
           to
           be
           put
           to
           Death
           ;
           but
           instead
           
           of
           being
           obeyed
           ,
           they
           fell
           upon
           him
           and
           his
           Complices
           ,
           and
           killed
           them
           the
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           he
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           23.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           
             Mogald
             ,
             Corbred
          
           the
           second
           Sisters
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           113.
           the
           beginning
           of
           his
           Reign
           was
           fortunate
           ,
           for
           he
           Governed
           most
           Prudently
           and
           Successfully
           .
           He
           discharged
           the
           Romans
           from
           approaching
           the
           Confines
           of
           his
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           defended
           the
           Picts
           from
           them
           ,
           he
           defeated
           Lucus
           with
           his
           Romans
           in
           Westmorland
           ,
           and
           obtained
           a
           great
           Victory
           :
           In
           his
           time
           Adrian
           the
           Emperor
           came
           into
           Brittain
           ,
           where
           he
           built
           
             Adrians
             Wall
          
           ,
           from
           the
           mouth
           of
           Tyne
           ,
           to
           the
           Flood
           of
           Esk
           fourscore
           miles
           in
           length
           ,
           he
           was
           killed
           in
           the
           thirty
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           24.
           
           Conar
           succeeded
           his
           Father
           
             Mogald
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           149.
           
           Who
           became
           a
           cruei
           Tyrant
           ,
           and
           was
           suspected
           to
           have
           had
           a
           hand
           in
           Conspiring
           his
           Fathers
           Death
           ,
           he
           did
           greatly
           dilapidate
           the
           Rents
           of
           the
           Crown
           by
           his
           Extravagancies
           ,
           being
           forced
           to
           call
           a
           Parliament
           ;
           he
           pressed
           mightily
           for
           Money
           ,
           alledging
           that
           his
           Revenues
           was
           not
           answerable
           to
           his
           Charges
           ,
           but
           his
           Nobles
           answered
           his
           demands
           in
           another
           manner
           ,
           then
           he
           expected
           ,
           for
           they
           presently
           degraded
           and
           imprisoned
           him
           .
           Ardgad
           Captain
           of
           Argyle
           made
           Governor
           :
           He
           dyed
           
           in
           Prison
           the
           fourteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           25.
           
           After
           ,
           him
           
             Ethod
             the
             first
          
           Sisters
           Son
           to
           Mogad
           began
           to
           Reign
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           163.
           
           He
           highly
           applauded
           Ardgad
           his
           Government
           ,
           keeping
           him
           still
           in
           great
           Trust
           with
           himself
           .
           He
           sent
           him
           to
           the
           Isles
           ,
           to
           allay
           some
           Tumults
           that
           were
           beginning
           to
           stir
           ,
           which
           he
           did
           (
           as
           he
           thought
           )
           effectually
           ,
           but
           he
           was
           not
           long
           gone
           ,
           then
           they
           became
           worse
           than
           before
           ;
           wherefore
           the
           King
           sent
           him
           thither
           again
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           unfortunately
           killed
           ,
           this
           so
           inraged
           the
           King
           that
           he
           went
           thither
           himself
           in
           Person
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           soundly
           smoke
           for
           their
           Insolency
           .
           Having
           composed
           his
           Affairs
           at
           home
           and
           abroad
           ,
           he
           began
           to
           give
           himself
           to
           ease
           ,
           but
           soon
           after
           he
           was
           killed
           in
           his
           Chamber
           by
           an
           Irish
           Harper
           ,
           whom
           he
           kept
           to
           make
           Musick
           to
           him
           ,
           the
           thirty
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           26.
           
           Ethod
           having
           no
           Sons
           ripe
           for
           the
           Government
           ,
           his
           Brother
           Satrael
           succeeded
           him
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           199.
           
           He
           was
           so
           cruel
           ,
           that
           he
           made
           it
           his
           Work
           to
           cut
           off
           all
           the
           antient
           Nobility
           ,
           but
           was
           at
           length
           stabbed
           by
           one
           of
           his
           Courtiers
           the
           fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           27.
           
           His
           Brother
           
             Donald
             the
             first
          
           succeeded
           him
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           199.
           
           A
           Prince
           famous
           for
           Princely
           Endowments
           ,
           but
           especially
           ,
           in
           
           that
           he
           was
           the
           first
           King
           ,
           that
           imbraced
           Christianity
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           gave
           it
           his
           Royal
           Sanction
           ,
           tho'
           for
           several
           years
           before
           his
           time
           ,
           the
           Gospel
           had
           it's
           Professors
           ,
           tho'
           not
           publickly
           owned
           ;
           he
           with
           the
           Concurrence
           of
           his
           Nobles
           made
           what
           Reformation
           ,
           he
           could
           ,
           yet
           could
           he
           not
           during
           his
           Life
           ,
           get
           the
           People
           weaned
           from
           their
           old
           Heathenish
           Superstitions
           :
           In
           his
           time
           Sevesus
           the
           Emperor
           came
           into
           Brittain
           with
           a
           Prodigious
           Army
           ,
           intending
           no
           less
           than
           to
           Conquer
           the
           whole
           Island
           .
           The
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           at
           his
           coming
           ,
           betake
           them
           to
           the
           Hills
           ,
           and
           draws
           him
           after
           them
           ,
           but
           his
           Army
           suffered
           grievously
           ,
           having
           as
           one
           Writes
           ,
           *
           lost
           50000.
           
           Men
           in
           that
           expedition
           ,
           at
           length
           they
           came
           to
           a
           Peace
           with
           him
           ,
           after
           which
           he
           built
           a
           great
           Wall
           ,
           reaching
           from
           Forth
           to
           Clyde
           :
           Peace
           being
           concluded
           abroad
           ,
           Donald
           returned
           home
           ,
           and
           passed
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           days
           in
           Peace
           ,
           he
           dyed
           the
           eighteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           28.
           
           Ethodius
           the
           second
           Son
           to
           Ethodius
           the
           first
           ,
           succeeded
           
             Donald
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           216.
           
           A
           man
           of
           a
           foolish
           and
           cross
           Temper
           ,
           unfit
           to
           Govern
           that
           fierce
           People
           ;
           but
           his
           Nobles
           managed
           the
           Government
           prudently
           ,
           he
           at
           last
           was
           killed
           in
           a
           Tumult
           ,
           made
           by
           his
           Domesticks
           the
           sixteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
         
           29.
           
           His
           Son
           Athircus
           is
           made
           King
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           231.
           
           At
           first
           he
           gave
           great
           grounds
           of
           hope
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           prove
           an
           accomplished
           Prince
           ,
           but
           it
           proved
           quite
           contrary
           ,
           he
           turned
           extreamly
           profligate
           ,
           prostituting
           Noble
           mens
           Daughters
           to
           his
           Companions
           :
           Upon
           which
           account
           one
           Hotholocus
           a
           Noble
           man
           conspired
           against
           him
           ,
           which
           he
           perceiving
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           no
           way
           to
           escape
           ,
           killed
           himself
           the
           twelfth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           30.
           
           Athircus
           being
           Dead
           ,
           Hatholocus
           procured
           himself
           to
           be
           chosen
           King
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           242.
           
           A
           cruel
           and
           lascivious
           Tyrant
           ,
           being
           acquainted
           that
           Ethircus
           his
           Children
           were
           with
           the
           Picts
           ,
           he
           called
           the
           chief
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           whom
           he
           knew
           to
           have
           been
           Athircus
           his
           Friends
           ,
           pretending
           he
           wanted
           their
           Advice
           ,
           in
           some
           matters
           of
           State
           ;
           whent
           he
           had
           got
           them
           convened
           in
           one
           place
           ,
           he
           caused
           them
           to
           be
           thrown
           in
           Prison
           ,
           and
           soon
           after
           executed
           :
           Whereupon
           their
           Friends
           rebelled
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           going
           about
           to
           gather
           an
           Army
           to
           subdue
           them
           ,
           was
           killed
           by
           one
           of
           his
           Courtiers
           the
           eleventh
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           31.
           
           Hathalocus
           being
           thus
           dead
           ,
           Athircus
           his
           children
           are
           called
           home
           and
           Findochus
           ,
           the
           eldest
           of
           them
           set
           upon
           the
           Throne
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           253.
           a
           wise
           and
           valiant
           Prince
           ;
           his
           first
           Expedition
           was
           against
           
           Donald
           ,
           of
           the
           Isles
           who
           under
           pretence
           of
           revenging
           the
           late
           Kings
           death
           ,
           had
           raised
           an
           Army
           ,
           him
           he
           subdued
           forcing
           him
           to
           flee
           to
           his
           Ships
           ,
           where
           being
           hotly
           pursued
           ,
           he
           got
           into
           a
           small
           Boat
           which
           being
           over
           loaden
           immediately
           sunk
           ,
           and
           he
           perished
           ,
           yet
           his
           Son
           whose
           name
           was
           Donald
           ,
           keept
           up
           the
           quarrel
           against
           him
           .
           Hindoch
           ,
           went
           with
           an
           Army
           entering
           the
           Islands
           wasted
           them
           so
           that
           they
           were
           left
           almost
           quite
           desolate
           .
           Donald
           finding
           his
           weakness
           betakes
           him
           to
           treacherous
           courses
           ,
           and
           striking
           in
           with
           Carance
           the
           Kings
           brother
           ,
           they
           instigated
           two
           Ruffians
           to
           Murther
           him
           ,
           both
           which
           were
           tormented
           to
           death
           .
           The
           11
           th
           .
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           he
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           32.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           his
           youngest
           Brother
           Donald
           the
           2
           
             d
             A.
             D.
          
           264.
           
           An
           excellent
           Prince
           ,
           while
           he
           was
           preparing
           to
           reveng
           his
           Brothers
           death
           he
           heard
           that
           Donald
           of
           the
           Isles
           had
           made
           an
           inroad
           upon
           Murray
           ,
           not
           in
           the
           quality
           of
           a
           Robber
           ,
           but
           of
           a
           King.
           Where
           upon
           commanding
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           follow
           him
           ,
           he
           went
           against
           him
           with
           those
           forces
           he
           had
           in
           readiness
           ,
           which
           Donald
           hearing
           of
           ,
           took
           such
           tedious
           marches
           that
           he
           was
           close
           upon
           the
           Kings
           Camp
           before
           any
           was
           a
           ware
           ,
           which
           obliged
           the
           King
           to
           fight
           ,
           but
           the
           inequality
           of
           their
           number
           was
           such
           ,
           
           that
           the
           King
           was
           defeated
           ,
           most
           of
           his
           men
           killed
           ,
           himself
           being
           wounded
           ,
           with
           several
           of
           his
           Nobles
           were
           taken
           .
           He
           dyed
           the
           third
           day
           after
           ,
           partly
           of
           his
           wounds
           and
           partly
           of
           Melancholy
           ,
           the
           first
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           he
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           33
           Donald
           ,
           Lord
           of
           the
           Isles
           usurped
           the
           Crown
           
             A.
             D.
          
           265.
           excercising
           much
           cruelty
           ,
           none
           dared
           to
           oppose
           him
           having
           so
           many
           of
           the
           Nobility
           his
           prisoners
           whom
           he
           threatned
           upon
           every
           provocation
           to
           kill
           .
           At
           length
           Crathelinth
           Son
           to
           King
           Findochus
           ,
           who
           having
           lurked
           long
           with
           his
           Nurse
           ,
           and
           was
           believed
           to
           be
           dead
           ,
           having
           gathered
           a
           few
           subtil
           men
           together
           went
           directly
           to
           Donalds
           Court
           ,
           who
           dissembling
           both
           his
           name
           and
           quality
           became
           in
           a
           short
           time
           very
           intimate
           with
           him
           ,
           but
           when
           he
           found
           his
           opportunity
           he
           put
           an
           end
           to
           the
           Tyrants
           days
           ,
           the
           12
           th
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           conveying
           himself
           and
           his
           followers
           away
           undiscovered
           .
           There
           was
           all
           this
           time
           a
           sore
           Persecution
           of
           the
           Christians
           ,
           under
           the
           Emperor
           Decius
           .
        
         
           34.
           
           Crathelinth
           was
           set
           upon
           his
           Fathers
           Throne
           
             A.
             D.
          
           277.
           
           A
           Valiant
           and
           religious
           King.
           He
           first
           caused
           all
           the
           late
           Tyrants
           Race
           to
           be
           Razed
           to
           the
           foundation
           for
           preventing
           the
           mischief
           might
           follow
           ,
           he
           also
           purged
           the
           Land
           of
           Superstitions
           ,
           planting
           the
           true
           Christian
           Religion
           .
           
           This
           King
           having
           peace
           on
           all
           sides
           ,
           he
           addicted
           himself
           much
           to
           hunting
           ,
           one
           day
           as
           he
           was
           at
           his
           sport
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Picts
           stole
           away
           a
           Dog
           in
           which
           he
           greatly
           delighted
           ;
           but
           the
           keeper
           of
           the
           Kings
           dogs
           being
           informed
           where
           he
           was
           kept
           ,
           went
           to
           take
           him
           and
           striving
           to
           take
           him
           by
           force
           was
           killed
           in
           the
           place
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           beginning
           of
           a
           sad
           war
           ,
           that
           lasted
           a
           long
           time
           ;
           but
           at
           last
           by
           means
           of
           one
           Caransius
           a
           Roman
           ,
           (
           who
           was
           afterward
           King
           of
           Britain
           .
           )
           they
           made
           peace
           .
           King
           Crathelinth
           passed
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           days
           in
           peace
           ,
           and
           dyed
           the
           24
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           he
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           35.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           his
           Cousin
           German
           
             Fincormach
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           301.
           
           A
           Prince
           both
           Pious
           and
           Valiant
           ,
           he
           Joyned
           with
           the
           Britains
           against
           the
           Romans
           ,
           and
           after
           a
           most
           Bloody
           battel
           routed
           them
           ,
           pursuing
           them
           as
           far
           as
           Yorke
           .
           Having
           procured
           Peace
           abroad
           he
           wholly
           applyed
           himself
           to
           the
           utter
           extirpating
           of
           Idolatry
           .
           In
           his
           days
           fell
           out
           the
           ninth
           Persecution
           under
           Aurelius
           ,
           and
           the
           tenth
           under
           Dioclesian
           ,
           which
           gave
           occasion
           to
           many
           Christians
           from
           divers
           parts
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           now
           a
           second
           time
           to
           flee
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           for
           refuge
           as
           they
           had
           done
           once
           before
           under
           Domitian
           .
           Among
           those
           Fugitives
           who
           fled
           thither
           for
           shelter
           ,
           from
           the
           general
           
           Massacre
           were
           many
           excellent
           men
           in
           Piety
           and
           Learning
           ,
           whom
           the
           King
           not
           only
           did
           kindly
           receive
           but
           also
           imployed
           to
           assist
           him
           and
           his
           council
           in
           the
           further
           setling
           of
           Christianity
           in
           his
           Dominion
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           total
           Extirpation
           of
           Idolatry
           out
           of
           it
           ,
           which
           was
           so
           much
           the
           harder
           work
           because
           of
           the
           Druides
           ,
           the
           principal
           false
           Prophets
           and
           Idolatrous
           Priests
           of
           those
           days
           who
           not
           only
           by
           their
           subtil
           Hypocrisy
           and
           sence
           pleasing
           Divine
           service
           but
           also
           by
           a
           cunning
           forcast
           having
           drawn
           into
           their
           hands
           the
           hearing
           and
           determining
           of
           Civel
           affairs
           ,
           had
           so
           gained
           upon
           the
           spirits
           of
           the
           Poor
           and
           Simple
           people
           ,
           that
           they
           could
           not
           imagine
           how
           to
           be
           without
           them
           and
           live
           .
           The
           resolute
           care
           and
           labour
           of
           this
           gracious
           King
           and
           his
           Council
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           help
           of
           these
           Pious
           and
           Learned
           men
           ,
           prevailed
           at
           last
           utterly
           to
           overthrow
           ,
           and
           abolish
           the
           Groves
           with
           the
           Alters
           under
           the
           Oaks
           ,
           and
           all
           Idol
           service
           ;
           and
           to
           Establish
           the
           pure
           worship
           of
           God
           in
           all
           places
           of
           his
           Dominions
           ,
           filling
           the
           Rooms
           of
           these
           false
           Prophets
           with
           Godly
           and
           Learned
           teachers
           among
           the
           people
           ,
           which
           was
           done
           in
           all
           places
           throughout
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           but
           especially
           in
           the
           Islands
           which
           those
           Pious
           men
           took
           for
           their
           particular
           abode
           ,
           as
           being
           most
           fit
           for
           a
           retired
           life
           
           and
           namely
           in
           the
           Isle
           of
           Man
           ,
           the
           King
           caused
           a
           Church
           to
           be
           built
           to
           the
           honour
           of
           our
           Saviour
           ,
           these
           Holy
           men
           were
           for
           their
           labouring
           so
           much
           in
           Gods
           worship
           called
           Colidei
           or
           Culdees
           .
           This
           good
           King
           dyed
           in
           peace
           the
           47
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           36.
           
           Romach
           brothers
           Son
           to
           Crathelinth
           ,
           after
           a
           hot
           debate
           ,
           by
           the
           assistance
           of
           the
           Picts
           ,
           possessed
           himself
           of
           the
           Throne
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           348.
           
           But
           proving
           a
           cruel
           Tyrant
           he
           was
           killed
           by
           his
           Nobles
           the
           3
           d
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ;
           in
           his
           time
           Christianity
           began
           in
           Ireland
           .
        
         
           37.
           
           Augustian
           Another
           of
           
           Crathelinth's
           Brothers
           sons
           succeeded
           ,
           A.D.
           
           351.
           a
           Valiant
           and
           peaceable
           King.
           The
           late
           Kings
           associates
           ,
           not
           thinking
           themselves
           secure
           fled
           to
           the
           Picts
           ,
           whom
           they
           instigated
           to
           make
           War
           upon
           the
           Scots
           ,
           in
           revenge
           of
           Romacks
           death
           :
           Augustian
           hearing
           of
           their
           purpose
           sent
           to
           Hertanus
           the
           King
           of
           the
           Picts
           ,
           acquainting
           him
           how
           dangerous
           ,
           a
           War
           betwixt
           them
           at
           that
           time
           might
           prove
           ;
           The
           Romans
           and
           Britains
           being
           so
           apt
           to
           take
           advantage
           of
           them
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           low
           ;
           but
           all
           would
           not
           do
           ,
           whereupon
           he
           went
           against
           them
           with
           his
           Forces
           and
           quite
           Defeated
           them
           ,
           killing
           many
           of
           their
           Nobles
           .
           Afterward
           they
           renewed
           their
           strength
           ,
           and
           came
           to
           the
           Wood
           of
           Camelon
           
           where
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           with
           his
           Army
           lay
           ,
           where
           they
           fought
           a
           most
           bloody
           battel
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           both
           the
           Kings
           were
           killed
           with
           many
           of
           their
           Nobles
           in
           the
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
           He
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           without
           Succession
           .
        
         
           38.
           
           Fethelmack
           The
           youngest
           of
           Crathelinths
           Brothers
           Sons
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           354.
           
           A
           Valiant
           Prince
           ;
           he
           scarcely
           Reigned
           two
           years
           when
           having
           raised
           an
           Army
           he
           went
           against
           the
           Picts
           ,
           and
           gave
           them
           a
           most
           fatal
           overthrow
           ,
           killing
           their
           King
           in
           Battel
           ,
           he
           was
           afterward
           Trayterously
           murthered
           in
           his
           bed
           ,
           by
           two
           perfidious
           Picts
           ,
           who
           insinuated
           themselves
           into
           his
           favour
           with
           the
           assistance
           of
           an
           Harper
           ,
           the
           groans
           of
           the
           dying
           King
           being
           over
           heard
           by
           his
           Servants
           ,
           they
           came
           rushing
           into
           the
           Room
           where
           they
           took
           the
           Villains
           in
           the
           very
           Act
           of
           their
           cruelty
           ,
           who
           were
           afterward
           tormented
           to
           death
           .
           At
           this
           time
           St
           Andrews
           Church
           was
           built
           by
           the
           King
           of
           the
           Picts
           ,
           at
           the
           request
           of
           St
           Rewell
           ,
           he
           dyed
           the
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunstaffage
           .
        
         
           39.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           Ewin
           the
           first
           Son
           to
           
             Fincormach
             .
             A.
             D.
          
           357.
           
           A
           Valiant
           ,
           Just
           ,
           and
           good
           King.
           In
           his
           time
           the
           Romans
           resolving
           to
           be
           Masters
           of
           the
           whole
           Island
           ,
           and
           to
           destroy
           both
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           ,
           first
           Communicate
           to
           the
           Picts
           ,
           
           their
           purpose
           to
           Eradicat
           the
           Scots
           ,
           and
           that
           if
           they
           would
           be
           assistant
           therein
           they
           should
           enjoy
           all
           their
           Lands
           ,
           holding
           it
           of
           the
           Romans
           .
           They
           as
           a
           base
           ungratefull
           people
           accepted
           the
           proffer
           .
           So
           that
           the
           Scots
           had
           now
           to
           do
           with
           
             Romans
             ,
             Britains
          
           and
           Picts
           .
           In
           the
           first
           Battel
           the
           Romans
           and
           the
           others
           were
           worsted
           ,
           but
           soon
           after
           the
           Romans
           renewing
           their
           strength
           ,
           with
           all
           their
           Adherents
           Eugen
           ,
           (
           or
           Ewen
           )
           upon
           the
           other
           hand
           convened
           all
           that
           could
           bear
           arms
           in
           his
           Dominions
           knowing
           they
           were
           to
           fight
           for
           no
           less
           then
           their
           Country
           ,
           and
           Liberty
           .
           They
           engaged
           at
           the
           River
           Dun
           ,
           the
           Battel
           was
           most
           bloody
           ,
           with
           doubtful
           success
           for
           a
           while
           ,
           but
           at
           last
           the
           Scots
           being
           over
           powered
           with
           fresh
           supplies
           from
           the
           Romans
           ,
           were
           forced
           to
           fly
           ,
           leaving
           the
           King
           and
           his
           Brother
           with
           fifty
           thousand
           of
           their
           men
           dead
           in
           the
           Field
           .
           They
           fled
           some
           to
           the
           Isles
           ,
           some
           to
           Ireland
           and
           Scandia
           ,
           they
           attempted
           several
           times
           to
           recover
           their
           Countrey
           but
           in
           Vain
           ,
           till
           at
           length
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           dying
           ,
           the
           Roman
           Legat
           charged
           them
           that
           they
           should
           choose
           no
           other
           King
           but
           live
           under
           the
           Roman
           Government
           and
           by
           Roman
           laws
           ,
           when
           they
           saw
           this
           they
           became
           some
           what
           sensible
           of
           their
           folly
           ,
           and
           treachery
           to
           their
           best
           neighbours
           ;
           resolving
           at
           length
           to
           call
           them
           home
           and
           Joyne
           forces
           
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           one
           might
           recover
           their
           Country
           ,
           the
           other
           their
           Liberty
           .
        
         
           40.
           
           Echadius
           the
           Kings
           Brother
           (
           upon
           the
           late
           fatal
           defeat
           ,
           )
           finding
           there
           was
           no
           shelter
           for
           him
           in
           his
           Country
           departed
           with
           his
           Son
           Hutha
           ,
           and
           his
           Grandson
           Fergus
           to
           Scandia
           ,
           there
           they
           were
           kindly
           entertained
           .
           In
           process
           of
           time
           Echadius
           and
           Hutha
           dying
           ,
           Fergus
           became
           a
           most
           Valiant
           man
           ,
           gained
           great
           fame
           in
           France
           ,
           and
           Pannonia
           .
           To
           him
           the
           Picts
           sent
           Embassadors
           inviting
           him
           home
           ,
           promised
           there
           assistance
           toward
           the
           recovering
           of
           his
           Country
           ,
           which
           he
           readily
           accepted
           of
           ,
           and
           having
           arrived
           with
           a
           few
           Danes
           and
           Goths
           in
           his
           company
           (
           the
           Scots
           ,
           likewise
           gathering
           to
           him
           ,
           )
           he
           soon
           regained
           his
           Kingdom
           ,
           being
           Victorious
           against
           the
           Romans
           in
           many
           Battels
           ,
           at
           last
           he
           was
           killed
           in
           Battel
           by
           the
           Romans
           ,
           the
           sixteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Raigne
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Icolmkill
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           burial
           place
           for
           the
           Kings
           till
           King
           
             Malhiscom
             Kanmors
          
           days
           ;
           having
           left
           the
           Kingdom
           almost
           in
           as
           bad
           case
           as
           he
           found
           it
           .
        
         
           41.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           his
           son
           Eugenius
           the
           second
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           420.
           
           A
           Valiant
           and
           Victorious
           Prince
           ;
           he
           managed
           the
           Government
           by
           the
           help
           of
           the
           Valiant
           Grame
           ,
           (
           whose
           father
           was
           banished
           out
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           with
           Ethod
           Brother
           to
           King
           
           Eugenius
           the
           first
           )
           who
           married
           a
           Virgin
           of
           the
           Blood
           Royal
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           She
           brought
           forth
           a
           daughter
           to
           him
           which
           was
           married
           to
           Fergus
           the
           second
           ,
           Eugenius
           his
           Father
           .
           this
           Grame
           being
           the
           Kings
           Grandfather
           was
           mighty
           helpful
           to
           him
           against
           the
           Romans
           :
           for
           he
           pulled
           down
           the
           wall
           of
           Abercorn
           built
           by
           the
           Romans
           called
           afterward
           
             Grames
             Dick
          
           ,
           as
           also
           
             Adrians
             Wall
          
           ,
           over
           against
           the
           Irish
           Seas
           ▪
           By
           his
           help
           the
           Kings
           of
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           past
           with
           Fire
           and
           Sword
           through
           all
           the
           bounds
           between
           Tyne
           and
           Humber
           ,
           here
           they
           fought
           a
           most
           bloody
           Battel
           in
           which
           there
           were
           15000.
           
           Britains
           killed
           ,
           together
           with
           most
           of
           their
           Princes
           and
           Nobles
           ,
           but
           few
           of
           the
           Scots
           :
           by
           which
           means
           they
           totally
           expelled
           the
           Romans
           out
           of
           Britain
           ,
           and
           brought
           the
           Britains
           under
           Contribution
           ,
           reserving
           also
           to
           themselves
           the
           whole
           Land
           lying
           between
           Tyne
           and
           Humber
           .
           This
           Prince
           dyed
           the
           one
           and
           thirtyth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           having
           the
           seventh
           year
           delivered
           his
           Country
           from
           the
           Romish
           Yoke
           ,
           496
           years
           after
           that
           
             Julius
             Caesar
          
           brought
           them
           first
           under
           Tribute
           .
        
         
           42.
           
           To
           him
           his
           Brother
           Dongard
           Succeeded
           .
           
             A.
             D.
          
           451
           -
           A
           Prince
           fitted
           both
           for
           war
           and
           peace
           ,
           in
           his
           time
           the
           Pelagian
           Heresie
           infested
           the
           Church
           ,
           for
           curing
           of
           which
           Celestine
           Bishop
           of
           Rome
           sent
           one
           
           Paladius
           into
           Scotland
           ;
           he
           is
           said
           to
           have
           been
           the
           first
           who
           Instituted
           Bishops
           there
           ,
           for
           untill
           that
           time
           the
           Church
           was
           governed
           by
           Monks
           ▪
           this
           King
           dyed
           the
           fifth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           43.
           
           Constantine
           the
           first
           Succeeded
           to
           
             Dongard
             .
             A.
             D.
          
           457.
           
           A
           man
           full
           of
           bad
           qualities
           ,
           cruel
           to
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           but
           fearful
           of
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           given
           up
           also
           to
           all
           kind
           of
           Lasciviousness
           :
           the
           Picts
           seeing
           his
           unworthiness
           broke
           with
           him
           ,
           his
           Subjects
           also
           were
           at
           the
           very
           nick
           of
           Rebellion
           .
           He
           was
           slain
           in
           the
           two
           and
           twentyth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           by
           a
           Noble
           man
           of
           the
           Isles
           ,
           whose
           Daughter
           he
           had
           defloured
           .
        
         
           44.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           Congall
           the
           first
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           479.
           
           His
           first
           work
           was
           to
           reduce
           his
           Subjects
           from
           the
           sottish
           and
           base
           customs
           to
           which
           his
           Father
           had
           inured
           them
           .
           The
           Britains
           seeing
           him
           inclin'd
           to
           peace
           ,
           perswaded
           
             Aurelius
             Ambrosius
          
           ,
           to
           demand
           restitution
           of
           Westmorland
           from
           him
           ,
           which
           he
           denying
           to
           do
           ,
           they
           draw
           to
           Arms
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           but
           being
           better
           advised
           ,
           they
           again
           agreed
           that
           things
           should
           stand
           as
           Constantine
           left
           them
           .
           During
           the
           Reign
           of
           Congall
           he
           had
           Wars
           with
           the
           Saxons
           ,
           but
           no
           great
           action
           ,
           In
           his
           time
           lived
           those
           two
           famous
           Prophets
           ,
           Merlin
           and
           Gildas
           .
           He
           dyed
           the
           two
           and
           twentyth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
         
           45.
           
           His
           Brother
           Govan
           Succeeded
           him
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           501.
           who
           governed
           the
           Kingdom
           with
           great
           discretion
           .
           In
           his
           time
           arrived
           in
           
             Britain
             Occa
          
           and
           Passentius
           the
           Sons
           of
           Hengist
           ,
           with
           an
           Army
           of
           German
           Souldiers
           against
           whom
           came
           King
           Ambrose
           and
           fought
           and
           routed
           them
           ,
           but
           with
           small
           reason
           to
           boast
           of
           his
           Victory
           ,
           for
           he
           lost
           the
           prime
           of
           his
           Nobility
           in
           that
           ingagement
           ,
           he
           thereupon
           sent
           for
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           to
           come
           to
           his
           assistance
           finding
           himself
           so
           much
           weakened
           Occa
           being
           advertised
           thereof
           ,
           sent
           his
           Brother
           Passentius
           to
           Germany
           for
           assistance
           ,
           who
           by
           contrary
           winds
           being
           driven
           upon
           the
           coast
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           gathered
           a
           considerable
           number
           of
           Souldiers
           of
           fortune
           and
           returned
           home
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           Ambrosius
           was
           Poysoned
           by
           Occaes
           means
           to
           him
           Succeeded
           the
           Valiant
           King
           Arthur
           ,
           who
           by
           assistance
           of
           the
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           ,
           obtained
           several
           great
           Victories
           against
           the
           
             Saxons
             .
             Govan
          
           having
           made
           peace
           with
           all
           his
           Neighbours
           returned
           home
           ,
           He
           dyed
           the
           thirty
           fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           not
           without
           suspicion
           of
           Treacherie
           in
           which
           Donald
           Captain
           of
           Athlo
           had
           no
           small
           hand
           .
        
         
           46.
           
           Eugenius
           ,
           (
           or
           Ewen
           )
           the
           third
           ,
           Congallus
           the
           firsts
           Son
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           535.
           a
           wise
           and
           prudent
           Prince
           ,
           he
           consulted
           with
           some
           of
           his
           Nobles
           about
           revenging
           
           the
           late
           Kings
           death
           ,
           but
           found
           by
           their
           Coldness
           and
           Unconcernedness
           in
           the
           matter
           ground
           of
           suspicion
           ,
           that
           they
           themselves
           were
           not
           Inocent
           of
           it
           ,
           which
           made
           him
           dread
           their
           designes
           against
           Himself
           .
           Yet
           he
           managed
           the
           Government
           so
           wisely
           ,
           that
           he
           dyed
           in
           Peace
           the
           twenty
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           47.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           Congal
           the
           second
           his
           Brother
           ,
           A.D.
           
           558.
           
           A
           Prince
           of
           a
           very
           strict
           Life
           ,
           contending
           even
           with
           the
           Monks
           themselves
           for
           Piety
           ,
           he
           made
           many
           excellent
           Laws
           relating
           to
           Churches
           ,
           and
           Churchmen
           .
           In
           his
           time
           lived
           these
           two
           Famous
           Men
           S.
           Colm
           and
           S.
           Mungo
           .
           He
           dyed
           in
           peace
           the
           eleventh
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           48.
           
           Kinnatill
           Succeeded
           his
           Brother
           
             Congall
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           569.
           
           At
           which
           time
           
             Aidan
             Govans
          
           Son
           come
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           who
           being
           ntroduced
           to
           the
           King
           by
           S.
           Colm
           ,
           was
           Graciously
           received
           with
           assurance
           that
           he
           should
           be
           the
           man
           who
           should
           Succeed
           to
           the
           Crown
           .
           He
           dyed
           in
           peace
           the
           first
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           49.
           
           Aidan
           Accordingly
           Succeeds
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           570.
           
           Soon
           after
           a
           Conspiracy
           being
           discovered
           ,
           which
           some
           of
           his
           servants
           intended
           against
           his
           Person
           ,
           the
           Conspirators
           fled
           to
           the
           Picts
           ,
           who
           refusing
           to
           deliver
           them
           up
           to
           Justice
           when
           demanded
           ,
           
           he
           quite
           broke
           with
           them
           ,
           and
           Confederated
           with
           the
           Britains
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           Saxons
           ,
           routing
           them
           in
           several
           Battels
           .
           about
           this
           time
           his
           good
           Friend
           S.
           Colm
           dyed
           to
           his
           great
           grief
           .
           Soon
           after
           Augustine
           the
           Monk
           came
           into
           Britain
           ,
           being
           sent
           by
           Pope
           Gregory
           ,
           who
           created
           much
           trouble
           by
           his
           innovations
           ,
           in
           matters
           of
           Religion
           .
           This
           Prince
           dyed
           in
           peace
           the
           thirty
           fifth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           50.
           
           Kenneth
           the
           first
           ,
           Congalls
           second
           Son
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           605.
           
           We
           have
           nothing
           Recorded
           of
           him
           worth
           noting
           ,
           He
           dyed
           in
           peace
           the
           first
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           51.
           
           Ewen
           The
           fourth
           ,
           Aidans
           second
           Son
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D
          
           606.
           
           He
           was
           Educated
           by
           S.
           Colm
           ,
           but
           slighted
           his
           Injunctions
           in
           one
           thing
           ,
           for
           that
           he
           preferred
           War
           to
           peace
           ,
           his
           hand
           was
           heavy
           upon
           the
           Rebellious
           and
           Stubborn
           ,
           but
           yet
           a
           modest
           Conqueror
           ,
           he
           dyed
           in
           peace
           the
           fifteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           52.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           his
           Son
           Ferchard
           the
           first
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           621.
           
           A
           Vitious
           Tyrant
           ,
           which
           his
           Nobility
           not
           being
           able
           to
           endure
           ,
           called
           him
           to
           an
           account
           ,
           but
           he
           refusing
           to
           submit
           was
           compelled
           ;
           having
           laid
           before
           him
           how
           injurious
           he
           had
           been
           to
           his
           Country
           ,
           and
           what
           an
           Enemy
           to
           Religion
           ,
           abetting
           the
           Pelagian
           Heresie
           ,
           
           with
           many
           such
           things
           ,
           they
           degraded
           him
           ,
           and
           put
           him
           in
           Prison
           ,
           where
           soon
           after
           he
           killed
           himself
           .
        
         
           53.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           his
           Son
           Donald
           the
           fourth
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           632.
           
           He
           studied
           nothing
           more
           then
           to
           preserve
           and
           advance
           the
           Christian
           Faith
           ,
           at
           home
           ,
           and
           among
           his
           Neighbours
           ,
           he
           sent
           some
           Learned
           Divines
           to
           Northumberland
           ,
           to
           restore
           the
           Christian
           Faith
           ,
           which
           was
           much
           decayed
           .
           He
           perished
           (
           as
           some
           write
           )
           in
           Lochtay
           ,
           being
           there
           at
           fishing
           the
           fourteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           but
           others
           affirm
           he
           dyed
           in
           his
           Bed.
           
        
         
           54.
           
           His
           Brother
           Ferchard
           the
           second
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           646.
           
           A
           wicked
           Tyrant
           Impious
           toward
           God
           ,
           and
           cruel
           towards
           Man
           ,
           having
           strangled
           his
           Wife
           ,
           and
           Deflowred
           his
           Daughters
           ,
           his
           Nobles
           resolved
           to
           call
           him
           to
           account
           ,
           but
           were
           disswaded
           by
           one
           Colmar
           a
           Religious
           Monk
           who
           told
           them
           that
           Gods
           hand
           would
           soon
           be
           upon
           him
           which
           accordingly
           fell
           out
           ,
           For
           being
           at
           Hunting
           he
           was
           Bitten
           by
           a
           Wolfe
           ,
           which
           caused
           a
           dangerous
           Feavour
           of
           which
           he
           dyed
           ,
           declaring
           his
           sorrow
           for
           his
           former
           Life
           ,
           the
           eighteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           55.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           
             Malduin
             .
             Donald
          
           the
           fourths
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           664.
           
           A
           wise
           and
           Religious
           Prince
           .
           the
           Argyle
           and
           Lenox
           
           men
           much
           infested
           the
           Country
           by
           their
           Animosities
           between
           themselves
           ;
           the
           Leaders
           of
           the
           Sedition
           he
           put
           to
           death
           ;
           at
           this
           time
           the
           Plague
           had
           over
           spread
           all
           Europe
           ,
           whereof
           infinite
           multitudes
           dyed
           every
           where
           ,
           but
           the
           Scots
           and
           Picts
           were
           preserved
           from
           it
           .
           This
           good
           King
           was
           strangled
           by
           his
           Queen
           ,
           upon
           suspicion
           of
           Adultery
           the
           twentyth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
           She
           and
           her
           Servants
           were
           the
           next
           day
           burnt
           alive
           .
        
         
           56.
           
           Ewin
           The
           first
           Malduins
           Brothers
           Son
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           684.
           
           Edfried
           ,
           King
           of
           Northumberland
           Invaded
           Scotland
           ,
           having
           the
           assistance
           of
           the
           Picts
           ,
           but
           they
           deserting
           him
           he
           was
           routed
           and
           ten
           Thousand
           of
           his
           men
           killed
           .
           The
           next
           year
           Edfried
           Invaded
           the
           Picts
           ,
           they
           pretending
           to
           fly
           drew
           him
           upon
           an
           Ambush
           where
           he
           and
           all
           his
           Army
           were
           cut
           off
           .
           The
           Scots
           and
           Britains
           also
           entering
           Northumberland
           ,
           so
           afflicted
           that
           King
           that
           he
           was
           never
           able
           to
           recover
           his
           losses
           .
           Ewin
           dyed
           the
           fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           57.
           
           Ewin
           the
           sixth
           ,
           Ferchard
           the
           seconds
           Son
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           688.
           
           A
           Religious
           and
           Learned
           King
           ,
           he
           had
           neither
           certain
           Peace
           nor
           certain
           War
           with
           his
           Neighbours
           .
           He
           dyed
           the
           ninth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           It
           is
           said
           that
           in
           his
           time
           it
           rained
           Blood
           for
           seven
           days
           over
           all
           Britan
           ,
           
           that
           also
           the
           Milk
           Butter
           ,
           and
           Cheese
           was
           turned
           into
           Blood.
           
        
         
           58.
           
           Amberkelleth
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           697.
           
           At
           first
           he
           appeared
           a
           Sober
           Prince
           ,
           but
           he
           soon
           put
           of
           the
           Mask
           ,
           turning
           to
           all
           kinds
           of
           wickedness
           ,
           he
           was
           killed
           by
           the
           Shot
           of
           an
           Arrow
           in
           the
           night
           time
           ,
           the
           second
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           59
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           Ewin
           the
           seventh
           ,
           his
           Brother
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           699.
           
           He
           made
           peace
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           ,
           and
           Marryed
           his
           Daughter
           ,
           who
           within
           a
           year
           after
           (
           being
           with
           Child
           )
           was
           Murthered
           in
           her
           Bed
           instead
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           by
           two
           Brothers
           of
           Athols
           ,
           who
           had
           Conspired
           the
           Kings
           death
           .
           He
           was
           a
           good
           and
           Religious
           King
           ,
           he
           dyed
           the
           sixteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           60.
           
           Ewin
           A
           little
           before
           his
           death
           recommended
           to
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           
             Mordach
             Amberkeleths
          
           Son
           ,
           who
           was
           chosen
           
             A.
             D.
          
           715.
           
           An
           Excellent
           Prince
           ,
           he
           procured
           Peace
           over
           all
           Britain
           ,
           he
           repaired
           many
           decayed
           Churches
           ,
           and
           built
           the
           Monastery
           of
           Whitehorne
           .
           He
           dyed
           the
           sixteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           61.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           
             Etfin
             ,
             Ewin
          
           the
           sevenths
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           730.
           
           A
           Religious
           King
           and
           severe
           Justitiar
           ,
           being
           aged
           ,
           after
           that
           he
           had
           Reigned
           30
           years
           ,
           he
           elected
           four
           Regents
           ,
           viz.
           the
           Thanes
           of
           
             Argyle
             Athole
             Gallaway
          
           and
           Murray
           to
           govern
           
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           but
           their
           Government
           was
           greivous
           .
           He
           dyed
           the
           thirty
           first
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           62.
           
           Ewin
           the
           Eighth
           Mordachs
           Son
           Succeeded
           
             A.
             D.
          
           761.
           
           His
           first
           work
           was
           to
           put
           to
           death
           Donald
           ,
           Lord
           of
           the
           Isles
           ,
           and
           the
           Earle
           of
           Galloway
           ,
           for
           their
           cruelty
           in
           the
           Late
           Kings
           latter
           days
           .
           But
           he
           himself
           afterward
           degenerating
           into
           all
           Vices
           ,
           was
           killed
           by
           his
           Nobles
           the
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           63.
           
           Fergus
           the
           third
           Etfins
           Son
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           764.
           
           He
           Married
           Ethiolia
           ,
           Daughter
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           ,
           who
           having
           several
           times
           admonished
           him
           of
           his
           adulteries
           at
           last
           with
           the
           help
           of
           some
           of
           his
           familiar
           Servants
           strangled
           him
           ,
           and
           being
           accused
           thereupon
           confessed
           the
           fact
           ,
           and
           presently
           stabbed
           her self
           to
           the
           Heart
           with
           a
           Dagger
           .
           The
           King
           was
           buried
           in
           Icolmkill
           the
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           64.
           
           
             Solwath
             Ewin
          
           ,
           the
           Eighths
           Son
           Succeeded
           
             A.
             D.
          
           767
           ,
           A
           Valiant
           Prince
           ,
           He
           was
           much
           troubled
           with
           the
           Gout
           ,
           of
           which
           Donald
           a
           Bane
           ,
           Captain
           of
           the
           Isles
           .
           taking
           advantage
           proclaimed
           himself
           King
           of
           the
           Isles
           ,
           breaking
           also
           in
           upon
           the
           Continent
           made
           great
           Havock
           ,
           but
           at
           length
           was
           by
           Duchal
           Captain
           of
           Argyle
           and
           Duchal
           Captain
           of
           Athol
           beset
           in
           a
           Wood
           ,
           
           where
           their
           was
           no
           way
           to
           Escape
           ,
           their
           he
           and
           all
           his
           followers
           were
           cut
           to
           pieces
           .
           This
           good
           King
           dyed
           of
           the
           Gout
           ,
           the
           twentith
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           65.
           
           
             Acaius
             Etfins
          
           Son
           Succeeded
           A.D.
           
           787.
           
           He
           made
           a
           new
           peace
           with
           the
           English
           and
           Picts
           ,
           finding
           that
           the
           Irish
           intended
           to
           make
           war
           against
           him
           ,
           because
           of
           a
           slaughter
           that
           was
           committed
           in
           Kintire
           ,
           upon
           some
           Irish
           Robbers
           ,
           yet
           he
           sent
           Ambassadors
           to
           Ireland
           ,
           shewing
           how
           little
           ground
           they
           had
           to
           denounce
           war
           ,
           and
           how
           little
           it
           would
           tend
           to
           their
           Honour
           to
           revenge
           the
           quarrel
           of
           a
           pack
           of
           Thieves
           ,
           but
           they
           not
           giving
           ear
           to
           his
           peaceable
           message
           ,
           presently
           Rigged
           out
           a
           Fleet
           ,
           which
           was
           not
           two
           Nights
           at
           Sea
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           utterly
           ruined
           by
           a
           storme
           ,
           which
           made
           the
           Irish
           now
           supplicate
           for
           a
           peace
           upon
           any
           terms
           ,
           which
           the
           King
           readily
           granted
           .
           He
           soon
           after
           made
           a
           League
           with
           Charles
           the
           great
           King
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           Emperor
           of
           Germany
           ,
           which
           continues
           inviolated
           to
           this
           day
           .
           For
           the
           corroboration
           of
           which
           ,
           Achaius
           sent
           his
           Brother
           William
           with
           Forty
           thousand
           Valiant
           warriours
           to
           assist
           the
           aforesaid
           Charles
           in
           his
           Wars
           ,
           against
           the
           Infidels
           where
           he
           purchased
           great
           Fame
           ,
           being
           commonly
           called
           by
           the
           Princes
           of
           
             France
             :
             The
             Knight
             without
             Reproach
             .
          
           Before
           
           this
           time
           also
           some
           Learned
           Men
           ,
           passed
           from
           Scotland
           unto
           France
           ,
           among
           which
           
             Johannes
             Scotus
          
           who
           was
           
           Charles's
           Tutor
           was
           singular
           for
           his
           Learning
           who
           together
           with
           Clemens
           another
           of
           his
           Country
           men
           ,
           Founded
           the
           University
           of
           
             Paris
             .
             Achaius
          
           Marryed
           Fergusian
           Sister
           to
           Hungus
           ,
           King
           of
           the
           Picts
           ,
           who
           bore
           to
           him
           one
           Son
           called
           Alpine
           who
           afterward
           Succeeded
           ;
           to
           be
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           Heir
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Picts
           ;
           King
           Achaius
           dyed
           the
           thirty
           second
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           66.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           Congal
           ,
           his
           Cousin
           German
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           819.
           
           He
           Governed
           peaceably
           for
           five
           years
           .
        
         
           67.
           
           Dongal
           Salvatius's
           Son
           Succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           824.
           who
           having
           settled
           the
           peace
           at
           home
           ,
           sent
           his
           Embassadors
           to
           the
           Picts
           ,
           demanding
           the
           right
           of
           Succession
           in
           the
           name
           of
           Alpin
           ,
           Son
           to
           King
           Achaius
           ,
           being
           there
           own
           King
           dyed
           without
           Succession
           ,
           which
           they
           refusing
           to
           do
           ;
           Dongal
           denounced
           war
           against
           them
           but
           he
           Unfortunatly
           Perished
           in
           a
           Boat
           as
           he
           was
           passing
           over
           the
           river
           of
           Spey
           ,
           in
           the
           seventh
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           68.
           
           Alpin
           Acaius's
           Son
           succeeded
           ,
           A-D.
           831.
           
           A
           Valiant
           Prince
           ,
           he
           led
           the
           Army
           ,
           which
           was
           raised
           by
           Dongall
           ,
           against
           the
           Picts
           ,
           to
           assert
           his
           Title
           to
           
           their
           Crown
           ,
           wherein
           a
           most
           bloody
           Battel
           ,
           he
           with
           his
           own
           hand
           slew
           Feredech
           their
           King
           ;
           then
           they
           Elected
           Brudus
           his
           Son
           ,
           who
           was
           killed
           the
           first
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           in
           a
           Tumult
           raised
           by
           his
           Subjects
           :
           His
           Brother
           Kenneth
           succeeded
           to
           him
           ,
           who
           coming
           with
           an
           Army
           against
           the
           Scots
           ,
           rent
           off
           his
           Coat
           of
           Armour
           and
           fled
           to
           the
           Mountains
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           shamefully
           killed
           by
           a
           Country
           man
           (
           not
           knowing
           who
           he
           was
           )
           whereupon
           the
           Picts
           Elected
           Brudus
           ,
           a
           fierce
           and
           valiant
           Prince
           to
           be
           their
           King
           ,
           who
           sent
           his
           Ambassadors
           to
           Alpine
           desiring
           Peace
           ;
           Alpine
           answered
           that
           he
           would
           make
           no
           Peace
           ,
           untill
           the
           Crown
           of
           the
           Picts
           were
           set
           upon
           his
           Head
           ,
           as
           the
           Right
           inheritour
           of
           it
           .
           Brudus
           upon
           this
           raised
           a
           great
           Army
           ,
           and
           came
           over
           the
           Bridge
           of
           Dunkell
           ,
           marching
           to
           Augus
           ,
           where
           Alpin
           with
           his
           Army
           did
           lye
           .
           The
           night
           before
           the
           Battel
           ,
           he
           devised
           a
           cunning
           Stratagem
           ;
           for
           having
           a
           great
           many
           Women
           in
           his
           Army
           ,
           he
           caused
           them
           to
           stand
           in
           Battel
           Array
           ,
           with
           linnen
           Shirts
           above
           their
           cloaths
           ,
           ordaining
           some
           Horse-men
           to
           Command
           them
           ;
           he
           drew
           them
           into
           a
           Wood
           ,
           Commanding
           none
           of
           them
           to
           appear
           ,
           till
           the
           Armies
           had
           joyned
           Battel
           .
           King
           Alpin
           upon
           the
           Picts
           approach
           ,
           presently
           led
           out
           his
           Men
           ,
           and
           joyned
           Battel
           with
           them
           ,
           then
           the
           aforesaid
           reserve
           began
           to
           move
           from
           their
           
           Ambush
           :
           The
           Scots
           seeing
           them
           ,
           apprehended
           them
           to
           be
           a
           fresh
           Army
           of
           Picts
           ,
           whereupon
           they
           immediately
           fled
           .
           In
           this
           Battel
           King
           Alpine
           himself
           was
           taken
           ,
           and
           beheaded
           the
           third
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           69.
           
           To
           him
           his
           Son
           Keneth
           the
           second
           succeeded
           ,
           A.
           D.
           834.
           
           Now
           the
           Picts
           fully
           resolve
           ,
           to
           banish
           the
           Scots
           quite
           out
           of
           their
           Country
           ,
           for
           which
           purpose
           they
           procure
           help
           from
           England
           .
           But
           when
           they
           were
           at
           their
           full
           strength
           ,
           they
           divided
           amongst
           themselves
           to
           such
           a
           height
           ,
           that
           Brudus
           was
           forced
           to
           disband
           his
           Army
           ;
           he
           soon
           after
           dyed
           for
           Grief
           ,
           Donsken
           his
           Brother
           succeeded
           ,
           who
           made
           it
           his
           work
           to
           keep
           Peace
           on
           all
           hands
           .
           But
           Keneth
           after
           three
           years
           uncertain
           Peace
           ,
           being
           desirous
           at
           any
           rate
           to
           revenge
           his
           Fathers
           Death
           ,
           and
           to
           recover
           the
           Crown
           ,
           which
           by
           right
           did
           belong
           to
           him
           ;
           Convened
           his
           Nobles
           ,
           and
           consulted
           with
           them
           concerning
           the
           matter
           ,
           but
           finding
           them
           not
           inclined
           to
           it
           ,
           he
           invites
           them
           all
           to
           a
           great
           Feast
           ,
           which
           he
           had
           prepared
           of
           purpose
           ,
           where
           they
           were
           Royally
           entertained
           within
           his
           Pallace
           untill
           dark
           Night
           ;
           after
           they
           had
           Liberally
           feasted
           ,
           they
           were
           conveyed
           to
           several
           apartments
           within
           the
           Palace
           ,
           and
           when
           deep
           sleep
           had
           seized
           upon
           them
           ;
           the
           King
           caused
           some
           Men
           that
           he
           had
           ready
           for
           that
           end
           ,
           to
           pass
           
           to
           their
           several
           Beds
           clad
           with
           Fish-skins
           ,
           which
           did
           cast
           a
           dazling
           light
           in
           the
           dark
           ;
           each
           man
           having
           a
           Hunting
           Horn
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           through
           which
           he
           spake
           .
           The
           Nobles
           being
           amazed
           at
           this
           sight
           ,
           were
           desired
           by
           them
           ,
           not
           to
           be
           terrified
           for
           that
           they
           were
           Angels
           sent
           from
           God
           ,
           to
           the
           Princes
           and
           Nobles
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           to
           cause
           them
           to
           obey
           the
           Kings
           Order
           ;
           it
           being
           very
           Just
           and
           Right
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           needed
           not
           to
           fear
           the
           Success
           ,
           for
           they
           should
           be
           Victorious
           .
           Their
           Speeches
           being
           ended
           ,
           they
           in
           an
           instant
           vanished
           :
           This
           mightily
           astonished
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           not
           knowing
           what
           to
           make
           on
           't
           .
           It
           was
           no
           sooner
           Day
           light
           ,
           than
           they
           got
           up
           and
           enquired
           one
           for
           another
           ;
           and
           having
           convened
           all
           together
           ,
           every
           Man
           began
           to
           declare
           what
           appeared
           to
           him
           ,
           which
           made
           them
           all
           presently
           conclude
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           no
           Fancy
           ,
           but
           a
           real
           Vision
           :
           The
           King
           also
           assured
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           same
           Vision
           appeared
           to
           him
           at
           the
           same
           hour
           .
           Hereupon
           they
           Unanimously
           consented
           ,
           that
           all
           who
           were
           able
           for
           Fighting
           ,
           should
           meet
           the
           King
           upon
           a
           day
           appointed
           ,
           which
           they
           did
           as
           the
           Picts
           did
           also
           upon
           the
           other
           hand
           ;
           they
           fought
           most
           Valiantly
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           but
           the
           Picts
           were
           routed
           in
           one
           ,
           and
           quite
           ruined
           in
           another
           Battel
           ;
           their
           King
           and
           all
           his
           Nobles
           being
           killed
           .
           
           And
           their
           City
           Camelon
           after
           a
           long
           siege
           utterly
           destroyed
           ,
           and
           razed
           ;
           and
           the
           Picts
           Men
           ,
           Women
           ,
           and
           Children
           put
           to
           the
           Sword
           ;
           after
           they
           had
           Reigned
           in
           Albion
           1181
           years
           .
           King
           Keneth
           brought
           the
           fatal
           Chair
           from
           Argyle
           to
           Scone
           ,
           adding
           the
           Picts
           Dominions
           to
           his
           own
           ,
           he
           dyed
           the
           twentieth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           70.
           
           Donald
           the
           fifth
           ,
           Keneth
           the
           seconds
           Brother
           succeeded
           ,
           having
           his
           Territories
           enlarged
           from
           the
           Orcades
           to
           
             Adrians
             Wall
          
           :
           He
           was
           a
           vicious
           and
           luxurious
           Prince
           ,
           which
           gave
           the
           Fugitive
           Picts
           some
           ground
           to
           Hope
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           recover
           their
           Lands
           ,
           whereupon
           they
           requested
           Osbred
           and
           Ella
           two
           great
           Princes
           in
           England
           ,
           to
           restore
           them
           ,
           promising
           to
           pay
           Homage
           to
           them
           ,
           they
           accepted
           the
           offer
           invading
           Scotland
           ,
           with
           great
           Forces
           where
           they
           were
           miserably
           routed
           in
           a
           pitch'd
           Battle
           .
           King
           Donald
           proud
           of
           this
           Victory
           ,
           pursued
           them
           to
           the
           Water
           of
           Tweed
           with
           his
           Army
           ;
           there
           he
           found
           two
           Ships
           laden
           with
           Wine
           ,
           which
           he
           parted
           among
           his
           Souldiers
           ,
           they
           not
           being
           much
           used
           to
           such
           Liquor
           drank
           of
           it
           ,
           till
           they
           were
           not
           able
           to
           stir
           :
           Of
           which
           ,
           when
           King
           Osbred
           was
           advertised
           ,
           he
           came
           suddenly
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           killed
           2000
           of
           them
           ,
           took
           the
           King
           himself
           ,
           and
           carried
           him
           about
           in
           Derision
           .
           Osbred
           pursuing
           this
           Victory
           
           conquered
           great
           Lands
           in
           Scotland
           :
           So
           that
           Sterling-bridge
           was
           made
           the
           march
           between
           the
           Scots
           and
           the
           English
           .
           This
           Osbred
           Coyned
           money
           in
           Sterling
           Castle
           ,
           which
           was
           (
           as
           some
           think
           )
           the
           first
           beginning
           of
           Sterling
           money
           .
           King
           Donald
           being
           ransomed
           ,
           was
           soon
           after
           taken
           by
           his
           Nobles
           ,
           and
           put
           in
           Prison
           ,
           where
           he
           desperately
           killed
           himself
           ,
           the
           fifth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           71.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           Constantine
           the
           second
           ,
           who
           was
           Crowned
           in
           
             Scone
             .
             A.
             D.
          
           859.
           
           Soon
           after
           Hunger
           and
           Hubba
           with
           a
           great
           Fleet
           of
           Danes
           Landed
           in
           Fife
           ,
           to
           shun
           whose
           Cruelty
           ,
           many
           religious
           Persons
           ,
           with
           Adrian
           their
           Bishop
           fled
           into
           the
           Isle
           of
           May
           ,
           where
           they
           were
           all
           Cruelly
           put
           to
           Death
           by
           the
           unmerciful
           
             Danes
             .
             Constantine
          
           with
           his
           Army
           met
           them
           at
           the
           River
           of
           Levin
           ,
           where
           he
           overthrew
           them
           ,
           pursuing
           them
           toward
           Caryl
           ,
           where
           their
           Ships
           lay
           ;
           but
           the
           Scots
           being
           proud
           of
           this
           Victory
           ,
           became
           too
           secure
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           Danes
           rallied
           upon
           them
           ,
           where
           followed
           a
           terrible
           Battel
           ,
           at
           last
           the
           Scots
           were
           defeated
           ;
           the
           King
           being
           taken
           ,
           and
           dragged
           to
           a
           Cave
           was
           basely
           murdered
           ,
           the
           fifteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           72.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           Ethus
           his
           Son
           ,
           Surnamed
           the
           
             Swift
             ,
             A.D.
          
           
           874.
           
           His
           wickedness
           and
           Cruelty
           ,
           came
           to
           so
           great
           a
           
           heigth
           ,
           that
           his
           Nobles
           were
           forced
           to
           imprison
           him
           ,
           where
           within
           three
           days
           he
           dyed
           of
           Melancholly
           ,
           the
           second
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           73.
           
           Gregory
           the
           Great
           Dungalls
           Son
           succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           876.
           
           A
           Prince
           of
           a
           Kingly
           Spirit
           ;
           he
           made
           a
           Law
           ,
           that
           all
           ●ings
           hereafter
           ,
           should
           at
           their
           Coronation
           ,
           swear
           to
           defend
           the
           Christian
           Faith.
           His
           first
           expedition
           was
           into
           Fife
           ,
           against
           the
           Picts
           and
           Danes
           which
           were
           left
           there
           ,
           when
           Hungar
           went
           into
           En●land
           ;
           them
           he
           expelled
           ,
           not
           only
           out
           of
           Fife
           ,
           but
           also
           out
           of
           Lothian
           ,
           and
           the
           Mers
           .
           Coming
           to
           Berwick
           ;
           the
           Danes
           durst
           not
           venture
           to
           Fight
           him
           ;
           but
           leaving
           a
           Garrison
           in
           the
           Town
           ,
           retired
           to
           Northumberland
           ,
           to
           gather
           more
           Forces
           .
           But
           Gregory
           in
           the
           Night
           time
           ,
           being
           Guided
           by
           some
           English-men
           entred
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           put
           all
           the
           Danes
           to
           the
           Sword
           ;
           thence
           he
           went
           to
           Northumberland
           ,
           there
           he
           utterly
           routed
           the
           rest
           of
           them
           ,
           which
           gave
           him
           occasion
           to
           inlarge
           his
           Dominions
           with
           
             Northumberland
             ,
             Cumberland
          
           ,
           and
           Westmorland
           ;
           after
           which
           he
           entered
           in
           a
           League
           with
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           wherein
           his
           right
           to
           the
           foresaid
           Lands
           was
           ratified
           .
           His
           next
           expedition
           was
           against
           the
           Irish
           ,
           who
           had
           Landed
           in
           Galloway
           ,
           and
           committed
           great
           Insolencies
           ,
           but
           at
           his
           coming
           they
           retired
           back
           
           to
           their
           own
           Country
           .
           He
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           followed
           them
           ,
           where
           at
           his
           Landing
           ,
           he
           overthrew
           Brennius
           and
           Cornellius
           ,
           who
           were
           Guardians
           to
           the
           young
           King
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           with
           their
           Nobles
           taking
           several
           Forts
           and
           Castles
           ,
           at
           last
           he
           laid
           Seige
           to
           Dublin
           ,
           where
           their
           young
           King
           was
           ;
           which
           after
           some
           resistance
           yeilded
           .
           The
           King
           returning
           Conqueror
           from
           Ireland
           ,
           dyed
           the
           eighteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ;
           by
           him
           the
           City
           of
           Aberdeen
           was
           built
           .
        
         
           74.
           
           Donald
           the
           sixth
           ,
           Constantine
           the
           seconds
           Son
           succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           894.
           
           He
           was
           a
           Religious
           and
           good
           King
           ,
           fit
           for
           either
           War
           or
           Peace
           ;
           he
           had
           some
           Ingagments
           with
           the
           Danes
           ,
           and
           sent
           Assistance
           to
           the
           King
           of
           England
           against
           them
           ,
           toward
           the
           latter
           part
           of
           his
           days
           ,
           he
           was
           troubled
           with
           Intestine
           broils
           ,
           for
           the
           Murrays
           ,
           and
           Rosses
           invading
           one
           another
           ,
           committed
           great
           Insolencies
           ;
           to
           quench
           this
           Fire
           the
           King
           came
           upon
           them
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           ,
           and
           taking
           the
           Leaders
           of
           the
           Faction
           ,
           put
           them
           to
           Death
           for
           an
           Example
           to
           others
           .
           He
           dyed
           the
           eleventh
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           75.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           Constantine
           the
           third
           ,
           
           Ethus's
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           905.
           
           A
           Valiant
           ,
           but
           unfortunate
           Prince
           ;
           the
           perfidious
           Danes
           ,
           having
           broken
           their
           League
           with
           him
           joyned
           with
           the
           English
           ,
           but
           within
           
           four
           years
           they
           met
           with
           such
           measures
           ,
           as
           made
           them
           glad
           to
           return
           to
           the
           Scots
           :
           Whereupon
           followed
           a
           hot
           and
           cruel
           War
           ,
           wherein
           Constantine
           found
           himself
           so
           unsuccessful
           ,
           that
           he
           resigned
           his
           Crown
           ,
           and
           betook
           himself
           to
           a
           Monastery
           ,
           where
           he
           dyed
           the
           fortieth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           76.
           
           Malcolm
           the
           first
           ,
           Donald
           the
           sixths
           Son
           succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           943.
           
           A
           valiant
           Prince
           ,
           and
           severe
           Justitiar
           .
           A
           Peace
           being
           made
           with
           England
           ,
           wherein
           Cumberland
           and
           Westmorland
           were
           annexed
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           to
           be
           holden
           in
           Fee
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           ;
           this
           Prince
           passed
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           days
           ,
           in
           executing
           of
           Justice
           ,
           which
           he
           did
           with
           such
           strictness
           ,
           that
           some
           Villains
           in
           Murray-Land
           conspired
           against
           him
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           Traiterously
           killed
           ,
           the
           ninth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           77.
           
           
             Indulf
             Constantine
          
           the
           thirds
           Son
           succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           952.
           
           A
           brave
           Warrior
           ,
           the
           Danes
           Landing
           in
           the
           North
           with
           a
           huge
           Army
           ,
           he
           went
           against
           them
           ,
           there
           in
           a
           pitch'd
           Battel
           ,
           he
           routed
           them
           ,
           but
           dyed
           himself
           in
           the
           Battel
           ,
           the
           ninth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           78.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           
             Duff
             .
             Malcolm
          
           the
           first
           's
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           961.
           
           A
           Prince
           who
           much
           studied
           the
           Peace
           of
           his
           Country
           ;
           he
           went
           about
           his
           Northern
           Circuits
           ,
           where
           he
           kept
           his
           Courts
           ,
           severely
           punishing
           Malefactors
           ;
           coming
           at
           last
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           
           Forress
           ,
           suspecting
           no
           harm
           was
           Traiterously
           murdered
           by
           the
           Captain
           ,
           and
           his
           Wife
           ,
           who
           were
           afterwards
           apprehended
           and
           put
           to
           a
           cruel
           Death
           .
        
         
           79.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           
             Culen
             ,
             Indulfs
          
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           966.
           
           Who
           having
           revenged
           the
           late
           Kings
           Death
           ,
           soon
           after
           became
           a
           most
           Flagitious
           and
           wicked
           Prince
           ,
           deflowring
           his
           own
           Daughters
           and
           Sisters
           :
           He
           was
           killed
           by
           Rodard
           a
           Noble
           man
           at
           Meffen
           ,
           this
           Daughter
           he
           had
           deflowred
           the
           fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           80.
           
           Keneth
           the
           third
           ,
           Duffs
           Brother
           succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           970.
           
           The
           beginning
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           was
           good
           ,
           executing
           of
           Justice
           severely
           ,
           finding
           his
           Nobles
           averse
           ,
           to
           deliver
           up
           ther
           Friends
           and
           Vassals
           ,
           who
           troubled
           the
           Peace
           ,
           to
           Justice
           ;
           he
           called
           a
           Convention
           of
           the
           States
           at
           Scone
           ,
           where
           having
           Clandestinely
           conveyed
           ,
           some
           Men
           in
           Arms
           ,
           where
           the
           Nobles
           were
           convened
           ,
           made
           them
           all
           Prisoners
           ,
           telling
           them
           ,
           that
           so
           it
           would
           be
           untill
           they
           did
           give
           up
           those
           Rebels
           to
           Justice
           ;
           they
           finding
           themselves
           thus
           hooked
           ,
           sent
           to
           their
           Friends
           ,
           to
           perform
           the
           Terms
           of
           their
           Liberation
           ;
           thus
           in
           a
           short
           time
           he
           had
           five
           hundred
           notable
           Thieves
           ,
           delivered
           up
           ,
           them
           he
           caused
           to
           be
           every
           one
           hanged
           upon
           Gibbets
           ,
           close
           by
           the
           Castle
           of
           Berth
           .
           The
           Danes
           with
           a
           great
           Fleet
           of
           Ships
           Landing
           
           in
           Angus
           ,
           destroyed
           all
           before
           them
           ,
           till
           they
           came
           to
           Berth
           ,
           where
           the
           King
           and
           his
           Army
           ran-countered
           with
           them
           ;
           there
           followed
           a
           most
           bloody
           Battel
           ,
           the
           Scots
           beginning
           to
           give
           Ground
           ,
           were
           made
           to
           Rally
           by
           the
           means
           of
           one
           Hay
           and
           his
           two
           Sons
           ,
           who
           hearing
           as
           they
           were
           at
           Plowing
           ,
           not
           far
           from
           the
           Field
           ,
           that
           the
           Scots
           fled
           ,
           came
           each
           of
           them
           with
           a
           Club
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           and
           renewed
           the
           Battel
           ,
           putting
           the
           Danes
           to
           flight
           ,
           there
           they
           were
           all
           cut
           off
           ,
           the
           King
           amply
           rewarded
           him
           ,
           giving
           him
           so
           much
           of
           the
           best
           Land
           in
           Scotland
           as
           a
           Faulcon
           off
           a
           Mans
           hand
           ,
           flew
           over
           ,
           which
           was
           six
           miles
           in
           length
           ,
           and
           four
           in
           breadth
           ,
           this
           was
           the
           Original
           of
           the
           Noble
           and
           Ancient
           Surname
           of
           Hay
           .
           But
           that
           which
           darkned
           all
           this
           Noble
           Kings
           Acts
           ,
           was
           his
           causing
           Malcolm
           Prince
           of
           Scotland
           to
           be
           Poisoned
           ;
           making
           a
           Law
           ,
           that
           the
           Eldest
           Son
           ,
           or
           Nephew
           of
           the
           deceased
           Prince
           of
           what
           age
           soever
           he
           be
           ,
           shall
           succeed
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           with
           divers
           others
           Laws
           of
           the
           like
           Nature
           :
           At
           last
           coming
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           Felercarne
           ,
           the
           Lady
           Grof
           had
           the
           Kings
           Image
           in
           Brass
           ,
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           House
           with
           a
           Golden
           Apple
           in
           his
           hand
           ;
           the
           King
           upon
           the
           Ladies
           desire
           ,
           pulling
           the
           Apple
           out
           of
           the
           Images
           hand
           ,
           was
           shot
           through
           the
           Body
           with
           an
           Engine
           ,
           that
           was
           made
           in
           
           it
           for
           the
           purpose
           :
           He
           dyed
           the
           twenty
           fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           81.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           Constantine
           the
           fourth
           ,
           Surnamed
           
             the
             Balde
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           994.
           
           He
           came
           to
           the
           Crown
           by
           Usurpation
           ,
           he
           was
           killed
           in
           Battel
           at
           Cramond
           in
           Lonthian
           ,
           the
           second
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           82.
           
           
             Grimus
             ,
             Duffs
          
           Son
           Usurped
           the
           Crown
           ,
           A.D.
           
           996.
           
           Malcolm
           whose
           Right
           it
           was
           ,
           sent
           to
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           acquainting
           them
           how
           far
           he
           was
           wronged
           ;
           which
           Grimus
           hearing
           of
           ,
           caused
           the
           Messengers
           to
           be
           cast
           into
           Prison
           ,
           which
           was
           like
           to
           have
           been
           ,
           the
           beginning
           of
           a
           War
           ;
           yet
           they
           were
           seemingly
           agreed
           for
           that
           time
           by
           one
           Horthadus
           a
           Bishop
           ,
           but
           not
           long
           after
           his
           Vices
           being
           intolerable
           ,
           Malcolm
           was
           brought
           home
           from
           England
           ,
           who
           killed
           him
           in
           Battel
           ,
           the
           eighteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           83.
           
           Malcolm
           succeeded
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1004.
           
           A
           Noble
           and
           Valiant
           Prince
           ,
           in
           his
           time
           Sweno
           King
           of
           the
           Danes
           being
           banished
           his
           Country
           ,
           and
           coming
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           was
           converted
           to
           Christianity
           ,
           and
           supplyed
           with
           Men
           for
           reducing
           his
           Kingdom
           ;
           yet
           to
           his
           great
           loss
           he
           soon
           after
           made
           War
           against
           Malcolm
           ,
           who
           utterly
           routed
           his
           Army
           several
           times
           :
           This
           Prince
           was
           killed
           by
           a
           Conspiracy
           ,
           of
           some
           of
           his
           Nobles
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Glames
           ,
           the
           thirtieth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           the
           Conspirators
           
           flying
           in
           the
           Night
           ,
           chanced
           to
           pass
           over
           the
           Pool
           of
           Forfar
           upon
           the
           Ice
           ,
           where
           the
           Ice
           breaking
           ,
           they
           all
           miserably
           perished
           .
        
         
           84.
           
           Duncan
           the
           first
           ,
           Malcolm
           the
           seconds
           Grand-son
           ,
           by
           his
           Daughter
           Beatrix
           succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1034.
           
           He
           was
           thought
           to
           be
           of
           too
           indulgent
           a
           Spirit
           ,
           for
           Governing
           that
           fierce
           and
           untractable
           People
           :
           Bancho
           of
           whom
           are
           descended
           the
           Ancient
           and
           Royal
           name
           of
           Stewarts
           ,
           was
           in
           his
           time
           Thane
           ,
           or
           Earl
           of
           Lochaber
           :
           He
           was
           Traiterously
           murdered
           by
           his
           Cousin
           Makbeth
           ,
           the
           sixth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           85.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           
             Mackbeth
             ,
             Malcolm
          
           the
           seconds
           Daughters
           Son
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1040.
           
           Altho'
           he
           came
           to
           the
           Crown
           by
           Treachery
           and
           Blood-shed
           ,
           yet
           he
           Governed
           for
           a
           time
           pretty
           moderately
           ,
           but
           at
           last
           brake
           out
           into
           all
           kind
           of
           Tyranny
           ,
           and
           Cruelty
           ,
           forcing
           his
           Nobles
           to
           the
           servilest
           of
           his
           Work
           ;
           which
           they
           being
           not
           able
           to
           endure
           ,
           Macduff
           Earl
           of
           Fife
           ,
           Posts
           to
           England
           ,
           where
           he
           found
           Malcolm
           the
           late
           Kings
           Son
           ,
           at
           King
           Edwards
           Court
           ,
           whom
           he
           invited
           home
           to
           revenge
           his
           Fathers
           Death
           ,
           and
           possess
           the
           Crown
           which
           was
           his
           own
           by
           right
           :
           Malcolm
           suspecting
           Treachery
           ,
           pretended
           several
           excuses
           to
           try
           Macduffs
           sincerity
           ,
           but
           when
           he
           found
           him
           Cordial
           ,
           he
           declared
           his
           Willingness
           :
           
           Whereupon
           getting
           assistance
           of
           Men
           from
           King
           Edward
           ,
           he
           entred
           
             Scotland
             ;
             Macbeth
          
           hearing
           of
           his
           arrival
           ,
           went
           about
           to
           oppose
           him
           ,
           but
           Macduff
           surprizing
           him
           in
           his
           Castle
           of
           Dunfinnan
           ,
           killed
           him
           with
           his
           own
           hand
           ,
           the
           seventeenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           86.
           
           Malcolm
           Surnamed
           Kanmor
           ,
           Son
           to
           Duncan
           the
           first
           succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1057.
           
           He
           was
           a
           worthy
           Prince
           ,
           and
           in
           Compensation
           of
           their
           Service
           and
           Loyalty
           ,
           in
           his
           Restauration
           created
           many
           Earls
           ,
           Lords
           ,
           Barons
           and
           Baronets
           ,
           commanding
           that
           their
           Lands
           should
           be
           called
           after
           their
           Names
           :
           He
           made
           also
           his
           Thanes
           Earls
           ;
           many
           new
           Surnames
           began
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           as
           
             Calder
             Lochbart
             ,
             Gordoun
             ,
             Seytown
             ,
             Lander
             Kennethe
             ,
             Meldrome
             ,
             Schau
             ,
             Liberton
             ,
             Livermond
             ,
             Cargill
             ,
             Strachan
             ,
             Ratray
             ,
             Dundass
             ,
             Meazeis
             ,
             Mertine
             ,
             Cockbourn
             ,
             Lesly
             ,
             Abercromby
          
           :
           At
           this
           time
           also
           William
           Duke
           of
           Normandy
           conquered
           England
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           occasion
           that
           these
           Surnames
           (
           being
           expelled
           their
           Country
           )
           came
           to
           Scotland
           .
           viz.
           
             Ramsay
             ,
             Vans
             ,
             Lindsay
             ,
             Lownal
             ,
             Towres
             ,
             Preston
             ,
             Bissat
             ,
             Foules
             ,
             Wandlaw
             ,
             Maxwell
             ,
          
           from
           France
           came
           the
           Names
           of
           
             Frazer
             ,
             Sintcare
             ,
             Boswel
             ,
             Montray
             ,
             Montgomry
             ,
             Boyes
             ,
             Campbel
             ,
             Beaton
             .
          
           At
           this
           time
           Walter
           Son
           to
           Fleance
           came
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           who
           shortly
           after
           was
           created
           high
           Steward
           
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           .
           King
           Malcolm
           was
           killed
           at
           the
           siege
           of
           Anwick
           ,
           by
           one
           
             Robert
             Moubray
          
           ,
           who
           came
           from
           the
           Castle
           upon
           a
           light
           horse
           holding
           in
           his
           hand
           a
           Lance
           ,
           with
           the
           Keys
           of
           the
           Castle
           upon
           the
           point
           of
           it
           .
           King
           Malcolm
           looking
           stedfastly
           to
           the
           Lance
           ,
           the
           other
           run
           him
           through
           the
           Eye
           with
           it
           ,
           escaping
           to
           the
           next
           Wood
           :
           Whereupon
           King
           William
           changed
           this
           Moubrey's
           Name
           to
           Percy
           :
           King
           Malcolm
           dyed
           the
           thirty
           sixth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dunfermling
           .
        
         
           87.
           
           Donald
           the
           seventh
           ,
           Sirnamed
           Bane
           ,
           being
           
             Malcolm
             Kanmores
          
           Brother
           usurped
           the
           Crown
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1093.
           
           But
           within
           a
           year
           he
           was
           expelled
           by
           Duncan
           ,
           base
           Son
           to
           the
           foresaid
           Malcolm
           .
        
         
           88.
           
           Duncan
           the
           second
           usurped
           the
           Crown
           ,
           but
           did
           not
           enjoy
           it
           long
           ,
           being
           killed
           by
           Macpendar
           Earl
           of
           Mearnes
           at
           Taich
           ,
           by
           procurement
           of
           Donald
           the
           seventh
           ,
           who
           after
           was
           Crowned
           King.
           He
           gave
           the
           North
           and
           West
           Isles
           ,
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Norway
           for
           his
           assistance
           ,
           to
           recover
           the
           Crown
           .
           He
           was
           taken
           Captive
           by
           Edgar
           his
           Successor
           ,
           and
           put
           in
           Prison
           ,
           where
           after
           some
           years
           he
           dyed
           miserably
           .
        
         
           89.
           
           
             Edgar
             ,
             Malcolm
             ,
             Kanmores
          
           Son
           succeeded
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1098.
           
           He
           was
           the
           first
           anointed
           King
           ,
           Governing
           with
           great
           Wisdom
           
           and
           Sobriety
           :
           He
           dyed
           the
           nineteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dumfermling
           .
        
         
           90.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           Alexander
           the
           first
           ,
           Sirnamed
           
             Fierce
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           1107.
           
           Soon
           after
           his
           coming
           to
           the
           Throne
           ,
           certain
           Traitors
           were
           by
           his
           Chamberlains
           means
           let
           in
           to
           his
           Chamber
           ,
           intending
           to
           have
           killed
           him
           in
           Bed
           ,
           but
           he
           being
           surprised
           at
           their
           noise
           ,
           got
           out
           of
           Bed
           and
           caught
           a
           Sword
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           wherewith
           he
           killed
           the
           Chamberlain
           ,
           and
           six
           of
           the
           other
           Traitors
           ;
           the
           rest
           hasted
           away
           ,
           but
           being
           pursued
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           them
           overtaken
           Confessed
           ,
           that
           divers
           of
           the
           Nobles
           were
           in
           the
           Conspiracy
           ,
           them
           the
           King
           pursued
           ,
           killing
           some
           and
           taking
           others
           :
           He
           dyed
           in
           Peace
           the
           seventeenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dumfermling
           .
        
         
           91.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           his
           Brother
           David
           the
           first
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1124.
           
           He
           possessed
           Northumberland
           ,
           and
           
             Cumberland
             ,
             Huntington
          
           ,
           and
           Westmorland
           .
           He
           married
           Maud
           Daughter
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           who
           dyed
           in
           the
           flower
           of
           her
           Age
           ,
           for
           which
           the
           King
           took
           such
           Grief
           ,
           that
           he
           resolved
           never
           to
           Marry
           again
           ;
           but
           gave
           himself
           wholly
           to
           works
           of
           Charity
           .
           He
           purged
           his
           Court
           from
           all
           Vices
           ,
           so
           that
           his
           whole
           Family
           were
           given
           to
           Vertuous
           Exercises
           ,
           no
           Rioting
           nor
           Drunkeness
           ,
           
           nor
           Lascivious
           ,
           or
           wanton
           Songs
           were
           suffered
           :
           This
           Victorious
           and
           Religious
           King
           dyed
           in
           Carlyle
           ,
           the
           twenty
           ninth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           at
           Dumfermling
           ;
           where
           King
           James
           the
           first
           visiting
           his
           Tomb
           ,
           called
           him
           ,
           a
           
             Sore
             Saint
             to
             the
             Crown
          
           .
        
         
           92.
           
           Malcolm
           the
           fourth
           (
           Sirnamed
           
             the
             Maiden
          
           )
           next
           Heir
           after
           King
           David
           began
           his
           Reign
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1153.
           
           A
           just
           and
           mild
           Prince
           ;
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           there
           was
           a
           great
           Famine
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           whereof
           many
           dyed
           .
           
             Sumerled
             ,
             Thane
          
           of
           Argyle
           ,
           taking
           advantage
           of
           the
           present
           Calamity
           raised
           a
           Rebellion
           ,
           purposing
           to
           make
           himself
           King
           ;
           but
           he
           was
           soon
           crush't
           ,
           his
           Friends
           killed
           ,
           and
           himself
           forced
           to
           fly
           to
           Ireland
           ;
           soon
           after
           ,
           being
           invited
           to
           London
           ,
           by
           King
           Henry
           of
           England
           ,
           under
           pretence
           of
           confirming
           him
           in
           his
           Title
           ,
           to
           
             Northumberland
             ,
             Cumberland
          
           ,
           and
           Westmorland
           ;
           he
           carried
           him
           with
           him
           into
           France
           ,
           where
           he
           had
           Wars
           for
           that
           time
           ;
           he
           no
           sooner
           was
           returned
           home
           ,
           then
           he
           made
           War
           with
           England
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           loss
           of
           both
           Kingdoms
           :
           He
           dyed
           at
           Jedburgh
           ,
           the
           twelfth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           93.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           William
           his
           Brother
           ,
           Sirnamed
           the
           
             Lyon
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           1165.
           
           He
           demanded
           Northumberland
           ,
           which
           by
           
           Right
           belonged
           to
           his
           Crown
           ,
           to
           be
           re-delivered
           to
           him
           ,
           which
           the
           King
           of
           England
           (
           being
           taken
           up
           with
           Wars
           in
           France
           )
           durst
           not
           altogether
           refuse
           ;
           but
           condescended
           to
           let
           him
           have
           such
           parts
           of
           it
           ,
           as
           his
           Grand-father
           possest
           ;
           but
           soon
           after
           he
           was
           by
           a
           Stratagem
           taken
           Prisoner
           at
           Alunick
           ,
           and
           sent
           to
           France
           where
           the
           King
           of
           England
           was
           ,
           whence
           not
           long
           after
           he
           was
           Ransomed
           with
           a
           sum
           of
           Money
           ;
           being
           returned
           home
           ,
           he
           expelled
           all
           the
           Murrays
           out
           of
           
           Murray-Land
           ,
           for
           that
           they
           were
           Seditious
           and
           Tumultuous
           in
           his
           absence
           :
           About
           this
           time
           the
           Pope
           sent
           to
           King
           William
           a
           Sword
           ,
           with
           the
           Sheath
           and
           Hilts
           all
           of
           Gold
           ,
           set
           about
           with
           precious
           Stones
           with
           a
           Hat
           ,
           or
           Diadem
           ,
           giving
           him
           the
           Title
           of
           the
           
             Defender
             of
             the
             Church
          
           .
           After
           this
           ,
           he
           retired
           to
           Bertha
           ,
           where
           he
           stayed
           not
           long
           ,
           when
           by
           a
           sudden
           Inundation
           of
           two
           Rivers
           ,
           Tay
           and
           Almond
           ;
           the
           Towns
           Walls
           were
           beat
           down
           ,
           the
           Castle
           demolished
           ,
           the
           young
           Prince
           and
           his
           Nurse
           with
           several
           others
           drowned
           (
           the
           King
           himself
           narrowly
           escaping
           :
           He
           founded
           and
           built
           the
           City
           of
           Perth
           ,
           granting
           to
           it
           several
           great
           and
           ample
           Priviledges
           .
           He
           dyed
           the
           forty
           ninth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Aberbrothick
           .
        
         
           94.
           
           His
           Son
           Alexander
           the
           second
           succeeded
           
           to
           him
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1214.
           
           Having
           pacified
           all
           Rebellions
           at
           home
           ,
           he
           led
           his
           Army
           into
           England
           ,
           where
           having
           made
           Peace
           with
           King
           John
           ,
           he
           married
           his
           Sister
           :
           Afterward
           he
           went
           into
           France
           and
           renewed
           the
           old
           League
           with
           this
           Addition
           ,
           that
           neither
           of
           them
           should
           receive
           ,
           or
           protect
           the
           Enemies
           of
           the
           others
           Kingdom
           ,
           nor
           Marry
           with
           any
           Stranger
           ,
           without
           making
           one
           another
           privy
           thereto
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           his
           Queen
           dyed
           without
           any
           Succession
           ;
           within
           a
           year
           after
           he
           married
           Mary
           Daughter
           to
           Ingelram
           Earl
           of
           Coucy
           in
           France
           ,
           who
           bare
           to
           him
           Alexander
           the
           third
           ;
           in
           his
           time
           came
           Cardinal
           Egadius
           into
           Britain
           ,
           to
           beg
           Money
           for
           the
           Holy
           War
           ,
           of
           which
           he
           got
           a
           great
           deal
           ,
           but
           going
           through
           France
           he
           spent
           it
           all
           ,
           and
           told
           his
           Holiness
           ,
           when
           he
           came
           to
           Rome
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           been
           robb'd
           by
           the
           way
           :
           Whereupon
           presently
           another
           Legat
           was
           sent
           to
           Britain
           .
           But
           the
           People
           hearing
           ,
           how
           they
           were
           cheated
           of
           their
           Money
           by
           the
           last
           procured
           an
           Order
           ,
           discharging
           this
           not
           to
           enter
           the
           Kingdom
           .
           King
           Alexander
           dyed
           in
           Peace
           ,
           the
           thirty
           fifth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           at
           Melross
           .
        
         
           95.
           
           Alexander
           the
           third
           succeeded
           his
           Father
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           249.
           
           Being
           nine
           years
           of
           Age
           at
           his
           Coronation
           .
           Ambassadors
           were
           
           sent
           to
           England
           ,
           demanding
           Margaret
           King
           Henry
           the
           third's
           Daughter
           in
           Marriage
           for
           King
           Alexander
           ,
           which
           was
           granted
           ;
           the
           next
           year
           ,
           the
           two
           Kings
           had
           a
           meeting
           at
           York
           ,
           where
           the
           Marriage
           was
           Solemnized
           .
           During
           his
           Minority
           the
           Realm
           was
           well
           Governed
           by
           his
           Nobles
           ;
           taking
           the
           Government
           upon
           himself
           ,
           his
           first
           work
           was
           to
           summon
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Monterth
             ,
             Athole
          
           and
           Buchan
           ,
           and
           the
           Lord
           Strabogy
           ,
           who
           were
           all
           of
           the
           Name
           of
           Cumings
           ;
           they
           not
           daring
           to
           appear
           ,
           were
           denounced
           Rebels
           :
           They
           being
           now
           afraid
           ,
           thought
           nothing
           so
           much
           for
           their
           safety
           ,
           as
           the
           having
           the
           King
           in
           their
           Power
           ,
           which
           they
           got
           ,
           and
           confined
           him
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Sterling
           ;
           but
           the
           Earl
           of
           Athel
           ,
           who
           was
           the
           head
           of
           the
           Party
           ,
           dying
           ,
           their
           Hearts
           failed
           them
           ,
           and
           (
           every
           one
           of
           them
           getting
           his
           Remission
           )
           they
           set
           the
           King
           at
           Liberty
           ;
           soon
           after
           the
           Danes
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           invaded
           the
           Country
           ,
           the
           King
           with
           his
           Forces
           went
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           routed
           them
           ,
           killing
           twenty
           four
           Thousand
           of
           them
           ;
           the
           King
           returned
           to
           Norway
           with
           only
           four
           Ships
           ,
           which
           was
           all
           that
           was
           left
           of
           his
           whole
           Fleet.
           At
           this
           time
           Alexander
           Earl
           of
           Carrick
           ,
           passed
           to
           the
           Holy-Land
           ,
           having
           a
           Daughter
           who
           succeeded
           to
           his
           Estate
           ;
           she
           Married
           
             Robert
             Rance
          
           ,
           Lord
           of
           
           Annaudale
           ,
           and
           bare
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           noble
           and
           invincible
           Champion
           
             Robert
             Bruce
          
           King
           of
           Scotland
           :
           King
           Alexander
           had
           two
           Sons
           by
           his
           Queen
           ,
           viz.
           Prince
           Alexander
           and
           David
           ,
           and
           one
           Daughter
           Margaret
           ,
           who
           was
           married
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Norway
           ;
           she
           bare
           to
           him
           Margaret
           called
           the
           Maiden
           of
           Norway
           .
           The
           King
           and
           Queen
           going
           to
           London
           ,
           to
           the
           Coronation
           of
           King
           Edward
           the
           first
           :
           David
           the
           second
           Son
           dyed
           in
           their
           absence
           ;
           within
           a
           few
           years
           after
           the
           Prince
           dyed
           at
           Lundores
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           Grief
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           not
           long
           after
           the
           King
           dyed
           by
           a
           fall
           from
           over
           a
           Rock
           at
           Kinghorn
           ,
           the
           thirty
           seventh
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           :
           Leaving
           none
           of
           his
           own
           direct
           Line
           to
           succeed
           him
           .
        
         
           The
           Nobility
           having
           met
           upon
           this
           so
           important
           occasion
           ,
           they
           put
           the
           Kingdom
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           six
           Regents
           ;
           for
           the
           South
           side
           Robert
           Arch-Bishop
           of
           
             Glasgow
             :
             John
             Cumine
          
           ,
           and
           John
           the
           great
           Steward
           of
           Scotland
           .
           For
           the
           North
           ,
           the
           Arch-Bishop
           of
           S.
           
             Andrews
             ,
             Macdiff
          
           Earl
           of
           Fife
           ,
           and
           Cumine
           Earl
           of
           
             Buchan
             .
             Edward
          
           of
           England
           ,
           sends
           to
           demand
           the
           Daughter
           Grand-Child
           in
           marriage
           ,
           as
           next
           Heir
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           which
           was
           agreed
           too
           ,
           but
           the
           Death
           of
           the
           Lady
           frustrated
           all
           that
           Negotiation
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           great
           contention
           arose
           between
           Bourn
           ,
           and
           
             John
             
             Baliol.
             Baliol
          
           managing
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           Bruce
           the
           French
           interest
           ,
           Baliol
           being
           in
           the
           second
           degree
           of
           relation
           and
           Bruce
           in
           the
           third
           ;
           the
           one
           being
           
             David
             Earle
          
           of
           Huntingtons
           Grand
           Child
           ,
           the
           other
           his
           great
           Grand
           Child
           :
           matters
           standing
           thus
           ,
           the
           whole
           was
           referred
           to
           King
           Edward
           ,
           who
           coming
           to
           Berwick
           and
           calling
           Lawyers
           to
           his
           assistance
           ,
           pretends
           all
           equity
           ,
           but
           raised
           up
           eight
           other
           Competitors
           ,
           the
           better
           to
           weaken
           the
           claim
           of
           the
           other
           two
           ,
           and
           so
           handled
           the
           business
           that
           (
           Bruce
           having
           refused
           the
           Crown
           in
           Homage
           to
           England
           ,
           )
           upon
           his
           aceptance
           of
           these
           conditions
           .
        
         
           96.
           
           
             John
             Balliol
          
           was
           declared
           King
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1293.
           
           In
           the
           fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           an
           Appeal
           being
           made
           against
           him
           to
           King
           Edward
           ,
           by
           Mac-Duff
           and
           he
           refusing
           to
           rise
           from
           his
           Seat
           to
           answer
           it
           .
           King
           Edward
           enters
           Scotland
           masters
           the
           Country
           ,
           takes
           Baliol
           and
           sends
           him
           Prisoner
           to
           London
           ,
           and
           afterward
           to
           France
           ,
           where
           he
           dyed
           long
           after
           in
           Exile
           .
           About
           this
           time
           Sir
           
             William
             Walace
          
           arose
           ,
           who
           to
           his
           Honour
           did
           so
           Heroically
           defend
           his
           Country
           ,
           in
           its
           low
           condition
           ,
           as
           made
           it
           easily
           appear
           that
           if
           he
           had
           had
           as
           happy
           a
           fortune
           to
           advance
           ,
           as
           he
           had
           to
           relieve
           ,
           he
           
           might
           have
           been
           Commemorated
           for
           as
           great
           a
           man
           as
           ever
           was
           in
           any
           age
           ;
           for
           having
           upon
           a
           quarrel
           Slain
           a
           Young
           English
           Gentleman
           ,
           and
           enforced
           to
           lurk
           in
           the
           Hills
           for
           safety
           of
           his
           life
           ,
           he
           became
           inured
           to
           such
           hardness
           ,
           that
           awaking
           his
           natural
           Courage
           ,
           he
           be
           came
           the
           Head
           of
           all
           the
           Malecontents
           ,
           and
           filled
           both
           the
           Kingdomes
           with
           his
           terror
           so
           that
           having
           gleaned
           up
           to
           a
           tumultuary
           Army
           ,
           he
           became
           Baliols
           Viceroy
           ;
           thus
           after
           some
           little
           skirmishes
           he
           reduced
           all
           beyond
           the
           Forts
           :
           after
           which
           he
           went
           to
           England
           ,
           and
           Ranged
           up
           and
           down
           for
           some
           time
           ,
           and
           returned
           without
           opposition
           ;
           after
           which
           the
           English
           enters
           Scotland
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           ,
           and
           finding
           the
           Scots
           disposed
           under
           three
           Leaders
           ,
           (
           who
           disputed
           among
           themselves
           for
           Priority
           )
           quite
           routed
           them
           ,
           but
           soon
           after
           they
           made
           a
           general
           insurrection
           ,
           to
           oppose
           which
           ,
           King
           Edward
           sent
           
             Ralph
             Conniers
          
           with
           a
           great
           army
           ,
           who
           a
           by
           tripple
           Victory
           were
           defeated
           at
           Kolkin
           .
        
         
           All
           this
           while
           
             Robert
             Bruce
          
           continued
           with
           King
           Edward
           ,
           who
           weary
           of
           the
           Kings
           delays
           and
           offputs
           ,
           at
           last
           strikes
           in
           with
           
             John
             Cumin
             ,
             Baliols
          
           Cousin
           german
           ,
           they
           agreed
           that
           Bruce
           should
           have
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           Cumine
           all
           Bruces
           Lands
           .
           Cumine
           notwithstanding
           communicates
           this
           
           agreement
           to
           King
           
             Edward
             ,
             Bruce
          
           hath
           notice
           ,
           and
           by
           shooing
           his
           Horse
           backward
           escapes
           to
           Lockambban
           ,
           there
           he
           finds
           Cumines
           Letters
           advising
           to
           cut
           him
           off
           ,
           upon
           which
           he
           hastens
           to
           Dumforess
           ,
           where
           he
           heard
           that
           Cumin
           was
           ,
           and
           after
           his
           exprobrating
           his
           infidelity
           ,
           Stabs
           him
           dead
           in
           the
           Franciscan
           Monastery
           .
           About
           the
           same
           time
           Walace
           was
           traiterously
           Betrayed
           by
           Sir
           
             John
             Monteits
          
           at
           Glasgow
           ,
           and
           delivered
           to
           the
           English
           :
           and
           being
           brought
           to
           London
           was
           Cruelly
           executed
           in
           Smithfield
           ,
           and
           his
           Limbs
           hung
           up
           in
           the
           most
           Eminent
           places
           .
        
         
           97.
           
           
             Robert
             Bruce
          
           was
           (
           after
           he
           had
           stayed
           for
           the
           Popes
           absolution
           for
           defiling
           the
           Monastery
           ,
           with
           the
           murder
           of
           Cumine
           )
           Crowned
           at
           Scone
           1306.
           a
           Valiant
           and
           Heroick
           Prince
           ,
           he
           had
           many
           Enemies
           both
           at
           home
           and
           abroad
           ,
           which
           Edward
           taking
           advantage
           off
           ,
           with
           the
           assistance
           of
           the
           Cumines
           ,
           quite
           Routed
           him
           ,
           forcing
           him
           to
           the
           Hills
           where
           he
           endured
           great
           Misery
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           ruine
           and
           Slaughter
           both
           of
           his
           Family
           and
           Friends
           ,
           but
           making
           to
           gether
           some
           little
           force
           ,
           he
           took
           Carrick
           and
           Innerness
           ,
           by
           surprisal
           ,
           and
           by
           this
           means
           augmented
           his
           Train
           ,
           so
           that
           he
           was
           in
           case
           to
           withstand
           Edward
           ,
           having
           obtained
           a
           considerable
           Victory
           (
           though
           sick
           and
           forced
           to
           
           be
           held
           on
           horse
           back
           )
           this
           gave
           him
           time
           to
           take
           in
           the
           remaining
           strength
           ,
           but
           they
           were
           within
           a
           year
           retaken
           from
           him
           ,
           which
           incouraged
           Edward
           the
           second
           to
           enter
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           but
           had
           a
           great
           defeat
           at
           Bannokburn
           ,
           which
           occasioned
           the
           loss
           of
           Berwick
           ,
           and
           Bruces
           confirmation
           in
           Parliament
           ;
           some
           few
           years
           after
           were
           spent
           in
           light
           Skirmishes
           ,
           and
           Incursions
           .
           Robert
           having
           some
           rest
           convened
           his
           Nobles
           intending
           to
           determine
           the
           right
           of
           Inheritances
           ,
           which
           some
           had
           unlawfully
           kept
           in
           these
           unsettled
           times
           ;
           this
           begat
           a
           Conspiracy
           ,
           which
           being
           detected
           ,
           a
           meeting
           was
           held
           at
           Perth
           ,
           there
           by
           their
           own
           Papers
           many
           were
           Convicted
           ,
           and
           Executed
           but
           some
           Pardoned
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           a
           Legat
           came
           from
           Rome
           ,
           armed
           with
           all
           the
           Thunderbolts
           of
           that
           See
           ,
           to
           threaten
           the
           Scots
           into
           a
           Peace
           with
           England
           ;
           but
           missing
           of
           his
           Errand
           ,
           the
           Scots
           followed
           him
           with
           an
           Army
           ,
           and
           marched
           as
           far
           as
           
             Stainmore
             ;
             Edward
          
           in
           revenge
           raiseth
           a
           most
           powerfull
           Army
           ,
           Robert
           therefore
           considering
           that
           his
           force
           would
           not
           be
           in
           case
           to
           resist
           so
           great
           a
           Power
           ,
           caused
           all
           the
           cattel
           to
           be
           carryed
           unto
           the
           Avious
           retreats
           of
           the
           Hills
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           not
           be
           serviceable
           to
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           whereupon
           the
           
           English
           for
           want
           of
           Victuals
           were
           forced
           to
           retire
           ,
           Bruce
           pursues
           them
           as
           far
           as
           Yorke
           ,
           there
           he
           obtained
           a
           great
           Victory
           .
           About
           this
           time
           the
           family
           of
           the
           Hamiltons
           took
           their
           rise
           ,
           one
           of
           them
           killing
           an
           English
           Gentleman
           ,
           fled
           to
           Robert
           for
           Protection
           ,
           who
           gave
           him
           lands
           which
           retain
           the
           name
           to
           this
           day
           .
           Bruce
           now
           having
           subdued
           his
           enemies
           ,
           begins
           to
           compose
           himself
           to
           the
           cares
           of
           Peace
           ,
           and
           by
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           settles
           the
           Crown
           upon
           his
           Son
           ,
           (
           though
           a
           Child
           )
           and
           in
           case
           of
           his
           decease
           ,
           to
           
             Robert
             Stewart
          
           his
           Grand-child
           by
           his
           Daughter
           ,
           soon
           after
           
             Thomas
             Randolph
          
           ,
           and
           
             James
             Dowglas
          
           were
           sent
           with
           a
           flying
           party
           of
           horse
           into
           England
           ,
           from
           whence
           they
           returned
           without
           any
           considerable
           action
           ,
           saving
           only
           that
           Dowglas
           with
           two
           hundred
           horse
           beat
           up
           the
           English
           quarters
           ,
           cutting
           two
           ropes
           of
           the
           Kings
           Tent
           with
           his
           Sword
           ,
           and
           made
           a
           good
           retreat
           ,
           Bruce
           finding
           himself
           wasted
           with
           Age
           ,
           retyred
           to
           the
           Abby
           of
           Kilross
           ,
           leaving
           these
           three
           Counsels
           behind
           him
           .
           First
           not
           to
           let
           one
           man
           Solely
           command
           the
           Ebudae
           .
           Secondly
           never
           to
           put
           all
           their
           strength
           at
           one
           Hazard
           with
           the
           English
           .
           Thirdly
           never
           to
           make
           long
           Truces
           with
           them
           .
           Thus
           he
           dyed
           leaving
           Charge
           with
           the
           Valiant
           Dowglas
           ,
           
           to
           go
           to
           Jerusalem
           (
           whither
           himself
           designed
           an
           Expedition
           )
           which
           the
           Dowglas
           performing
           ,
           he
           afterward
           Joyned
           with
           the
           Christian
           Princes
           against
           the
           Turks
           and
           Saracens
           ,
           where
           he
           obtained
           several
           great
           Victories
           .
           He
           purposing
           to
           return
           home
           was
           driven
           by
           a
           Tempest
           upon
           the
           Coast
           of
           Spain
           ,
           where
           he
           joyned
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Aragon
           against
           the
           Saracens
           ,
           and
           obtained
           great
           Victories
           ,
           at
           last
           he
           was
           killed
           by
           an
           Ambushment
           that
           was
           laid
           for
           him
           of
           purpose
           ,
           thus
           ended
           the
           Noble
           and
           Valiant
           Dowglas
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           most
           renowned
           warriours
           that
           lived
           in
           his
           days
           ;
           It
           is
           said
           that
           he
           was
           thirteen
           times
           Victorious
           against
           the
           Turkes
           and
           Sarazens
           ,
           and
           fiftie
           seven
           times
           against
           the
           English
           .
           In
           the
           preceeding
           age
           there
           was
           a
           Gate
           in
           Dansick
           called
           the
           Dowglas
           port
           ,
           in
           memory
           of
           this
           Dowglas
           .
           King
           Robert
           dyed
           at
           Cardross
           the
           twenty
           fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Dumfermling
           .
        
         
           98
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           his
           Son
           
             David
             Bruce
             A.
             D.
          
           1330.
           
           Being
           seven
           years
           of
           age
           ,
           
             Thomas
             Randal
          
           who
           was
           continued
           Governour
           ,
           kept
           the
           country
           in
           entire
           peace
           and
           prosperity
           ,
           which
           King
           Edward
           hearing
           of
           ,
           hired
           a
           Monk
           to
           kill
           Randal
           by
           poyson
           ,
           the
           Monk
           giving
           out
           that
           he
           had
           great
           skill
           in
           curing
           the
           
           Stone
           (
           where
           with
           the
           Government
           was
           sore
           troubled
           )
           came
           to
           be
           in
           favour
           with
           him
           ,
           which
           gave
           him
           opportunity
           to
           perpetrate
           his
           Villany
           ,
           how
           ever
           the
           Poyson
           did
           not
           take
           effect
           at
           first
           ,
           but
           the
           Monk
           returned
           home
           and
           told
           King
           Edward
           that
           he
           had
           done
           his
           business
           ,
           who
           immediately
           raising
           a
           great
           Army
           came
           to
           the
           border
           ,
           of
           which
           the
           Governour
           being
           advertised
           presently
           marched
           against
           him
           ,
           (
           himself
           not
           being
           able
           to
           ride
           nor
           go
           ,
           was
           carryed
           in
           a
           litter
           ;
           when
           King
           Edward
           heard
           that
           the
           Governour
           was
           there
           ,
           in
           person
           ,
           he
           sent
           an
           Herald
           under
           pretence
           of
           seeking
           peace
           ,
           whom
           the
           Governour
           received
           with
           a
           very
           austere
           countenance
           ,
           when
           Edward
           was
           by
           the
           Herald
           certified
           of
           the
           truth
           of
           his
           being
           alive
           ,
           he
           returned
           home
           and
           burnt
           the
           Monk
           alive
           .
           The
           Governour
           returning
           home
           dyed
           at
           Musselbrough
           ,
           after
           his
           death
           the
           Earle
           of
           March
           and
           the
           Earle
           of
           Marr
           were
           chosen
           Governours
           ,
           in
           which
           they
           were
           scarce
           warm
           when
           news
           was
           brought
           that
           
             Edward
             Balliol
          
           was
           seen
           in
           the
           Fryth
           with
           a
           formidable
           Fleet
           ,
           his
           Army
           consisted
           of
           both
           English
           and
           Scotch
           ,
           the
           Earle
           of
           Stafford
           with
           divers
           other
           English
           men
           of
           note
           were
           with
           him
           ,
           the
           Governours
           raised
           two
           great
           Armies
           to
           oppose
           the
           Balliol
           ,
           he
           
           came
           near
           the
           water
           of
           Hone
           ,
           where
           he
           pitched
           his
           Tents
           ,
           the
           Earle
           of
           Marr
           also
           encamped
           within
           view
           of
           him
           ,
           but
           he
           slighting
           the
           smallness
           of
           their
           number
           took
           little
           care
           of
           himself
           ,
           the
           Balliol
           in
           the
           night
           time
           passed
           the
           water
           of
           Erne
           ,
           having
           intelligence
           of
           the
           Ford
           by
           a
           stake
           set
           up
           for
           that
           purpose
           ,
           and
           entering
           the
           Earle
           of
           Marrs
           Camp
           ,
           killed
           him
           in
           his
           Bed
           ,
           with
           many
           other
           Noble
           men
           and
           Gentlemen
           ;
           namely
           the
           Earle
           of
           Carrick
           ,
           Sir
           
             William
             Hay
          
           Constable
           of
           
             Scotland
             ,
             Alexander
             Frazier
          
           ,
           also
           
             Robert
             Keith
          
           ,
           Lord
           Marshal
           ,
           Balliol
           past
           immediately
           and
           beseiged
           Perth
           and
           soon
           overcame
           it
           .
           The
           Earle
           of
           March
           being
           encamped
           at
           Ochterarder
           ,
           and
           hearing
           of
           the
           Earle
           of
           Marrs
           death
           ,
           and
           the
           taking
           the
           Town
           of
           Perth
           marched
           thither
           and
           beseiged
           it
           ,
           but
           after
           he
           had
           filled
           the
           Ditches
           ,
           and
           put
           himself
           in
           a
           case
           to
           make
           an
           assault
           ,
           he
           most
           shamefully
           left
           it
           thereupon
           .
        
         
           99.
           
           Balliol
           usurped
           the
           Crown
           at
           
             Scone
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           1332.
           coming
           from
           thence
           to
           Perth
           ,
           they
           that
           adhered
           to
           
             David
             ,
             Bruce
          
           beseiged
           him
           and
           his
           party
           ,
           upon
           the
           other
           hand
           his
           adherents
           wasted
           and
           destroyed
           the
           beseigers
           country
           ,
           Perth
           being
           well
           fortified
           ,
           was
           by
           the
           King
           committed
           to
           the
           Earle
           of
           Fiffe
           as
           Governour
           
           of
           it
           ,
           but
           the
           Sons
           of
           them
           who
           were
           killed
           with
           the
           Earle
           of
           Marr
           at
           Duplin
           ,
           beseiged
           and
           took
           it
           committing
           the
           Governour
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           
             Killdrummie
             .
             Andrew
             Murry
          
           of
           Tullibardin
           ,
           was
           Executed
           for
           fastning
           the
           stake
           in
           the
           Ford
           of
           the
           River
           Erne
           ,
           whereby
           Balliol
           and
           the
           Englishmen
           were
           directed
           the
           Night
           wherein
           they
           Surprised
           the
           Earle
           of
           Marre
           .
           Therefore
           
             John
             Kandal
          
           Earle
           of
           Murry
           ,
           and
           the
           Earle
           of
           Galloway
           gathered
           a
           great
           Army
           and
           came
           against
           Balliol
           and
           quite
           routed
           him
           ,
           killing
           many
           of
           his
           Nobles
           and
           taking
           many
           Prisoners
           ,
           the
           Kingdom
           being
           thus
           divided
           the
           one
           part
           for
           Balliol
           ,
           the
           other
           for
           Bruce
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           England
           thinking
           it
           a
           fit
           time
           for
           him
           to
           make
           a
           full
           Conquest
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           raised
           a
           great
           Army
           and
           beseiged
           Berwick
           ,
           mean
           while
           
             Archibald
             Dowglass
          
           raised
           an
           Army
           and
           entring
           the
           Borders
           ,
           Burnt
           all
           before
           him
           to
           divert
           the
           King
           of
           England
           from
           the
           Seige
           ,
           King
           Edward
           advertised
           of
           this
           ,
           sent
           a
           Messenger
           to
           Sir
           
             Alexander
             Setonn
          
           ,
           who
           was
           Governour
           ,
           telling
           him
           that
           if
           he
           did
           not
           presently
           render
           he
           would
           hang
           his
           two
           Sons
           ,
           whom
           he
           had
           in
           his
           hands
           ,
           which
           he
           refusing
           to
           do
           the
           two
           Young
           Gentlemen
           were
           presently
           hanged
           then
           the
           
           Governour
           came
           with
           an
           Army
           to
           Northumberland
           where
           a
           most
           Bloody
           battel
           was
           fought
           on
           Halidown-hill
           ,
           and
           the
           Governour
           himself
           with
           many
           Nobles
           killed
           ,
           thereupon
           Berwick
           was
           rendered
           ,
           and
           
             Edward
             Balliol
          
           Established
           King
           ,
           who
           sought
           by
           all
           means
           to
           have
           gotten
           
             Robert
             Stewart
          
           in
           his
           hands
           ,
           for
           he
           knew
           that
           (
           next
           to
           King
           David
           )
           his
           Title
           was
           best
           to
           the
           Crown
           .
           Soon
           after
           King
           Edward
           prepared
           an
           Army
           both
           by
           Sea
           and
           Land
           ,
           to
           enter
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           but
           the
           most
           part
           of
           his
           Ships
           Perished
           in
           Forth
           .
           The
           King
           returning
           with
           Balliol
           into
           England
           ,
           left
           Cumin
           Earle
           of
           Athol
           Governour
           who
           seized
           upon
           all
           the
           Lands
           pertaining
           to
           
             Robert
             Stewart
          
           and
           his
           Friends
           ,
           but
           
             Robert
             Stewart
          
           took
           the
           Castle
           of
           Dunne
           ,
           and
           killed
           all
           the
           Englishmen
           therein
           ▪
           at
           this
           time
           the
           Earle
           of
           Murray
           came
           from
           France
           ,
           who
           together
           with
           Robert
           reduced
           much
           of
           the
           Country
           to
           the
           obedience
           of
           King
           David
           chasing
           the
           Governour
           and
           his
           Followers
           to
           the
           Mountains
           ,
           but
           the
           English
           entred
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           and
           (
           though
           a
           great
           part
           of
           their
           Army
           was
           routed
           )
           took
           Perth
           ,
           but
           their
           Fleet
           being
           harrast
           at
           Sea
           ,
           were
           forced
           to
           retreat
           ,
           and
           the
           rather
           in
           design
           of
           a
           French
           War
           ,
           but
           some
           of
           the
           Nobles
           
           still
           standing
           out
           ,
           the
           English
           landed
           in
           Murray
           ,
           and
           reduced
           all
           ,
           and
           leaving
           Balliol
           returned
           home
           ,
           the
           next
           year
           the
           English
           beseiged
           Dunbar
           ,
           and
           sent
           in
           two
           Parties
           under
           Talbot
           and
           Monford
           who
           were
           both
           routed
           ,
           yet
           the
           seige
           continued
           ,
           at
           last
           they
           were
           forced
           to
           raise
           the
           seige
           ,
           also
           having
           received
           great
           loss
           by
           the
           Valour
           of
           
             Robert
             Stewart
          
           .
        
         
           Murray
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           dying
           ,
           Stewart
           was
           created
           Viceroy
           till
           Davids
           returne
           ,
           who
           having
           the
           first
           year
           gained
           some
           Victories
           ,
           did
           the
           next
           year
           take
           
             Perth
             ,
             Sterling
          
           and
           the
           Castle
           of
           Edenburgh
           ,
           the
           Scots
           gaining
           all
           their
           ground
           except
           Berwick
           .
           In
           the
           year
           1336.
           
           David
           resolves
           upon
           an
           expedition
           into
           England
           ,
           though
           much
           disswaded
           by
           his
           council
           ,
           Making
           
             John
             Randolph
          
           General
           ,
           himself
           going
           disguised
           ,
           Soon
           after
           a
           peace
           for
           two
           years
           was
           treated
           of
           ,
           which
           David
           would
           not
           accept
           without
           the
           consent
           of
           France
           ,
           whereupon
           marching
           as
           far
           as
           the
           County
           of
           Durham
           ,
           had
           his
           Army
           quite
           routed
           and
           himself
           taken
           Prisoner
           ,
           his
           Kingdom
           also
           in
           a
           manner
           Depopulated
           with
           the
           Plague
           :
           by
           this
           time
           John
           of
           France
           was
           also
           made
           Prisoner
           in
           England
           ;
           the
           Scots
           after
           eleven
           years
           Captivity
           ,
           ransomed
           their
           King
           ,
           who
           at
           his
           returne
           punished
           some
           
           of
           those
           who
           had
           deserted
           him
           at
           Durham
           ,
           and
           endeavoured
           to
           remove
           the
           Succession
           of
           the
           Crown
           from
           
             Robert
             Stewart
          
           ,
           to
           whom
           he
           was
           some
           years
           after
           reconciled
           ;
           he
           spent
           the
           last
           five
           years
           of
           his
           Reign
           in
           composing
           Domestick
           feuds
           ,
           Queen
           Jane
           daughter
           to
           Edward
           the
           second
           of
           England
           dying
           ,
           he
           Marryed
           
             Margaret
             Logy
          
           ,
           Daughter
           to
           Sir
           
             John
             Logy
          
           ,
           then
           he
           purposed
           to
           have
           past
           to
           Jerusalem
           ,
           having
           provided
           all
           necessarys
           for
           his
           Voyage
           ,
           but
           he
           fell
           sick
           of
           a
           Feavour
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Edinburgh
           ,
           whereof
           he
           dyed
           in
           the
           fortyth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           without
           Succession
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Holyrood-house
           .
        
         
           100.
           
           
             Robert
             Stewart
          
           the
           first
           King
           of
           that
           Name
           ,
           succeeded
           his
           mothers
           Brother
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1378.
           
           A
           Valiant
           and
           worthy
           Prince
           ,
           he
           Married
           Eupham
           Daughter
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Ross
           ,
           who
           bare
           to
           him
           David
           ,
           Earl
           of
           
             Strathern
             ,
             Walter
          
           Earl
           of
           
             Athol
             ,
             Alexander
          
           Earl
           of
           Marr
           ,
           with
           several
           Daughters
           .
           After
           her
           Death
           ,
           he
           marries
           
             Elizabeth
             Moor
          
           his
           own
           Concubine
           ,
           the
           better
           to
           Legitimate
           Children
           he
           had
           by
           her
           ,
           he
           honoured
           them
           with
           Titles
           ,
           and
           declared
           them
           his
           Successors
           ,
           two
           years
           after
           an
           Attempt
           is
           made
           upon
           Berwick
           ▪
           and
           Sir
           
             John
             Lilbourn
          
           ,
           and
           
             〈…〉
             grave
          
           Captains
           of
           it
           taken
           〈…〉
           After
           
           this
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           came
           with
           twenty
           thousand
           Men
           ,
           to
           the
           Fair
           of
           Pennire
           within
           England
           ,
           spoiling
           all
           the
           Goods
           there
           ;
           but
           carried
           away
           the
           Pestilence
           with
           him
           ,
           whereof
           many
           dyed
           .
           To
           revenge
           this
           ,
           the
           English
           came
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           over
           Solway
           ,
           destroying
           all
           before
           them
           ,
           mean
           while
           the
           Scots
           gathered
           together
           about
           five
           hundred
           Men.
           and
           lay
           in
           Ambush
           ,
           till
           the
           English
           returned
           back
           ;
           then
           with
           a
           sudden
           noise
           and
           Clamour
           ,
           as
           they
           passed
           by
           they
           set
           upon
           them
           ,
           forcing
           them
           back
           ,
           till
           many
           were
           drowned
           in
           Solway
           .
           Not
           long
           after
           ,
           Edward
           King
           of
           England
           dyed
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           Duke
           of
           Lancaster
           came
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           intreating
           to
           have
           a
           Peace
           for
           three
           years
           ,
           which
           Peace
           being
           expired
           :
           My
           Lord
           of
           Galloway
           ,
           laid
           siege
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           Lochmaban
           ,
           and
           made
           himself
           Master
           of
           it
           ;
           defeating
           a
           strong
           party
           of
           English
           ,
           who
           were
           coming
           from
           Carlyle
           to
           it's
           relief
           :
           King
           Richard
           fearing
           of
           it
           ,
           sent
           the
           Baron
           of
           Gray-stock
           with
           a
           Body
           of
           Men
           ,
           to
           fortifie
           Roxburgh
           ,
           who
           being
           within
           a
           mile
           of
           it
           ,
           he
           was
           taken
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           March
           ,
           and
           carried
           to
           Dunbar
           ;
           the
           same
           year
           ,
           the
           strengths
           of
           Teviotdale
           were
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Douglas
           recovered
           out
           of
           the
           English
           hands
           ,
           soon
           after
           which
           he
           dyed
           .
           His
           Son
           James
           succeeding
           
           to
           him
           ,
           went
           by
           the
           Kings
           Order
           with
           an
           Army
           into
           England
           ,
           whence
           he
           was
           presently
           after
           Counter-manded
           home
           ,
           where
           he
           found
           the
           Admiral
           of
           France
           with
           two
           hundred
           and
           forty
           Ships
           well
           Man'd
           ,
           come
           to
           their
           Assistance
           ,
           with
           them
           they
           passed
           into
           England
           and
           took
           the
           Castles
           of
           Warkford
           ,
           and
           Corwal
           .
           And
           laying
           siege
           to
           Roxburgh
           ,
           and
           Carlyle
           ;
           the
           Scots
           and
           French
           could
           not
           agree
           ,
           in
           whose
           Names
           the
           strengths
           should
           be
           kept
           if
           they
           were
           won
           ,
           which
           brought
           the
           business
           to
           nothing
           :
           Whereupon
           King
           Richard
           in
           revenge
           enters
           Scotland
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           ,
           and
           marching
           through
           the
           Mers
           and
           Louthian
           ,
           did
           much
           hurt
           .
           But
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Fife
             ,
             Douglas
          
           and
           Galloway
           followed
           him
           into
           England
           ,
           and
           secretly
           passing
           the
           Water
           of
           Solway
           ,
           came
           to
           Cokermouth
           ;
           where
           in
           three
           days
           time
           they
           spoiled
           the
           whole
           Country
           about
           ,
           and
           returned
           safely
           with
           great
           Booty
           .
           In
           the
           year
           1388.
           
           The
           King
           past
           again
           into
           England
           with
           an
           Army
           ,
           at
           which
           time
           the
           Irish
           taking
           their
           advantage
           ,
           entered
           Galloway
           ,
           destroying
           all
           before
           them
           :
           Whereupon
           William
           the
           Lord
           of
           Galloways
           Son
           pursued
           them
           to
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           burnt
           the
           Town
           of
           Carlingfoord
           ,
           and
           finding
           sixty
           Ships
           in
           several
           Harbors
           ,
           loaded
           fifteen
           of
           them
           with
           
           the
           spoil
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           and
           burnt
           the
           rest
           :
           Returning
           home
           ,
           he
           spoiled
           the
           
             Isles
             of
             Man.
          
           The
           next
           year
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           England
           sent
           an
           Army
           into
           Scotland
           ,
           which
           did
           much
           hurt
           in
           the
           Mers
           ,
           revenging
           this
           affront
           :
           King
           Robert
           sent
           two
           Armies
           into
           England
           ,
           the
           one
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Fife
           ,
           entred
           Cumberland
           ;
           the
           other
           led
           by
           the
           Earls
           of
           Douglass
           ,
           and
           March
           entred
           Northumberland
           ;
           the
           two
           Armies
           met
           within
           two
           miles
           of
           Newcastle
           .
           The
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           chose
           out
           ten
           thousand
           Men
           to
           besiege
           Newcastle
           ,
           wherein
           was
           the
           Earl
           of
           Northumberland
           with
           his
           two
           Sons
           ,
           
             Henry
             Hotspur
          
           ,
           and
           
             Ralph
             .
             Henry
          
           Challenged
           the
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           to
           fight
           with
           him
           ,
           which
           Douglass
           accepted
           off
           ,
           so
           being
           mounted
           upon
           two
           starely
           Horses
           ,
           they
           assaulted
           one
           another
           desperately
           ,
           at
           last
           Douglass
           beat
           Peircy
           out
           of
           his
           Saddle
           ,
           but
           he
           was
           presently
           rescued
           and
           brought
           into
           the
           Town
           .
           Immediately
           Douglass
           assaulted
           the
           Town
           ,
           but
           it
           was
           so
           well
           defended
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           forced
           to
           retire
           and
           encamp
           at
           Otterburn
           ,
           whither
           
             Henry
             Peircy
          
           immediately
           followed
           ,
           there
           they
           fought
           a
           bloody
           Battel
           ,
           until
           the
           darkness
           of
           the
           Night
           parted
           them
           ,
           but
           when
           the
           Moon
           began
           to
           appear
           ,
           they
           joyned
           again
           with
           more
           
           Fierceness
           than
           before
           ,
           Victory
           inclining
           sometime
           to
           one
           side
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           to
           another
           ;
           till
           at
           last
           
             Patrick
             Hepburn
          
           came
           with
           fresh
           Men
           to
           the
           Scots
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           English
           retreated
           ,
           leaving
           eighteen
           hundred
           of
           their
           Men
           dead
           in
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           a
           hundred
           and
           forty
           taken
           Prisoners
           ;
           among
           which
           were
           the
           two
           Peircies
           above
           mentioned
           .
           But
           the
           Valiant
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           dyed
           in
           this
           Battel
           ,
           being
           thrice
           run
           through
           the
           Body
           ,
           and
           Mortally
           wounded
           in
           his
           Head
           ,
           which
           was
           a
           greater
           loss
           and
           Grief
           to
           his
           Nation
           ,
           then
           the
           gain
           of
           this
           Victory
           could
           ballance
           .
           The
           next
           year
           a
           Parliament
           was
           called
           at
           Perth
           ,
           wherein
           Robert
           Earl
           of
           Fife
           ,
           the
           Kings
           second
           Son
           was
           elected
           Governor
           ,
           the
           King
           himself
           by
           reason
           of
           his
           great
           Age
           ,
           not
           being
           able
           to
           Govern.
           He
           was
           a
           Valiant
           ,
           Victorious
           and
           fortunate
           Prince
           in
           all
           his
           Wars
           ,
           for
           his
           Governours
           and
           Captains
           returned
           always
           with
           Victory
           .
           He
           was
           very
           constant
           ,
           and
           a
           great
           Iustitiar
           ,
           hearing
           patiently
           the
           Complaints
           of
           the
           Poor
           ;
           causing
           all
           wrongs
           to
           be
           redressed
           .
           He
           dyed
           peaceably
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Dun-Donald
           ,
           the
           seventy
           fifth
           year
           of
           his
           Age
           ,
           and
           the
           nineteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           The
           same
           year
           John
           his
           eldest
           Son
           was
           called
           to
           succeed
           ,
           who
           thinking
           that
           Name
           ominous
           to
           Kings
           (
           and
           there
           wanted
           
           not
           Examples
           )
           as
           of
           him
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           him
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           thinking
           something
           of
           the
           Felicity
           ,
           of
           the
           two
           former
           Roberts
           ,
           was
           Crowned
           by
           the
           Name
           of
           ,
        
         
           101.
           
           Robert
           the
           third
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1390.
           
           He
           was
           more
           remarkable
           ,
           for
           his
           Peaceableness
           and
           Modesty
           ,
           then
           for
           any
           other
           Vertue
           ;
           the
           first
           seven
           years
           of
           his
           Reign
           were
           past
           in
           Peace
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           his
           Truce
           with
           England
           ,
           but
           not
           without
           some
           fierce
           Fiends
           among
           his
           Subjects
           ;
           especially
           ,
           the
           Clankays
           ,
           and
           Clanchattes
           ,
           the
           King
           seeing
           the
           Difficulty
           of
           reducing
           them
           ,
           made
           this
           Proposition
           to
           them
           ,
           that
           three
           hundred
           of
           each
           side
           should
           try
           it
           by
           Dint
           of
           Sword
           before
           the
           King
           ;
           the
           Conquered
           to
           be
           pardoned
           ,
           and
           the
           Conqueror
           advanced
           ,
           this
           being
           agreed
           to
           ,
           a
           place
           was
           appointed
           upon
           the
           North-side
           of
           Perth
           ;
           but
           when
           the
           Clans
           presented
           themselves
           ,
           there
           was
           one
           of
           one
           side
           missing
           ,
           whom
           then
           his
           party
           could
           not
           supply
           :
           A
           Trades-man
           steps
           out
           ,
           and
           for
           half
           a
           French
           Crown
           ,
           and
           promise
           of
           Maintenance
           during
           his
           Life
           ,
           filled
           up
           the
           Company
           .
           The
           first
           was
           furious
           ,
           but
           none
           behaved
           himself
           more
           furiously
           ,
           then
           the
           other
           Mercenary
           Champion
           ,
           who
           was
           the
           greatest
           cause
           of
           the
           Victory
           ,
           for
           of
           his
           side
           their
           remained
           
           ten
           grievously
           wounded
           ,
           the
           other
           party
           had
           but
           one
           left
           ;
           who
           not
           being
           wounded
           ,
           yet
           being
           unable
           to
           sustain
           the
           stroak
           of
           the
           other
           ,
           threw
           himself
           in
           the
           Tay
           ,
           and
           escaped
           with
           his
           Life
           :
           By
           this
           means
           the
           fiercest
           of
           the
           two
           Clans
           ,
           being
           cut
           off
           ,
           the
           remainder
           being
           Headless
           were
           quiet
           :
           Two
           years
           after
           ,
           the
           King
           in
           Parliament
           made
           his
           two
           Sons
           Dukes
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           first
           time
           that
           Title
           ,
           was
           known
           in
           Scotland
           .
           Next
           year
           Richard
           the
           second
           of
           England
           ,
           being
           forced
           to
           resign
           ,
           Henry
           the
           fourth
           succeeded
           ,
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           tho'
           the
           Truce
           was
           not
           expired
           ;
           yet
           the
           Seeds
           of
           War
           began
           to
           bud
           ,
           upon
           this
           occasion
           ,
           George
           Earl
           of
           March
           betrothed
           his
           eldest
           Daughter
           to
           David
           the
           Kings
           eldest
           Son
           ,
           Archibald
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           incensed
           at
           this
           ,
           got
           a
           Vote
           of
           Parliament
           to
           revoke
           this
           Marriage
           ,
           and
           giving
           a
           greater
           sum
           of
           Money
           ,
           got
           a
           Marriage
           confirmed
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           betwixt
           David
           and
           Mary
           his
           Daughter
           .
           The
           Earl
           of
           March
           nettled
           at
           this
           ,
           demands
           Redress
           ,
           but
           not
           being
           heard
           ,
           he
           leaves
           the
           Court
           ;
           and
           with
           his
           Family
           and
           Friends
           goes
           into
           England
           ,
           to
           the
           Lord
           Percy
           ,
           who
           with
           his
           Assistance
           did
           much
           hurt
           to
           the
           Lands
           of
           the
           Douglasses
           ;
           the
           Scots
           declare
           the
           Earl
           of
           March
           
           an
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           sends
           to
           demand
           him
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           which
           they
           refusing
           ,
           several
           Incursions
           happened
           upon
           both
           sides
           ,
           till
           at
           length
           Piercy
           was
           defeated
           by
           the
           Douglass's
           at
           Lynton-bridge
           .
           At
           this
           time
           ,
           David
           Earl
           of
           Cravford
           ,
           and
           the
           Lord
           Welles
           in
           England
           ,
           ingaged
           to
           run
           certain
           Courses
           on
           Horse-back
           ,
           with
           sharp
           Spears
           for
           Life
           and
           Death
           upon
           London-bridge
           ,
           which
           they
           performed
           most
           gallantly
           .
           The
           People
           Perceiving
           the
           Earl
           of
           Cravford
           to
           sit
           so
           stifly
           ,
           cryed
           ,
           the
           Scotch
           man
           was
           lock'd
           in
           his
           Saddle
           ;
           he
           hearing
           this
           ,
           leapt
           out
           of
           the
           Saddle
           upon
           the
           Ground
           ,
           and
           presently
           mounted
           again
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           wonder
           of
           the
           Beholders
           :
           The
           second
           time
           they
           run
           without
           any
           hurt
           ,
           but
           the
           third
           time
           the
           Lord
           Welles
           was
           beat
           out
           of
           his
           Saddle
           ,
           and
           sorely
           hurt
           with
           the
           fall
           .
           By
           this
           time
           the
           Queen
           dying
           ,
           her
           Son
           David
           ,
           who
           for
           his
           Extravagancies
           was
           by
           her
           means
           kept
           under
           restraint
           ,
           broke
           out
           into
           his
           former
           disorders
           ,
           and
           committed
           all
           kind
           of
           Rapine
           ,
           and
           wickedness
           ;
           complaint
           being
           brought
           to
           his
           Father
           ,
           he
           committed
           him
           to
           his
           brother
           Robert
           (
           this
           Design
           was
           to
           root
           out
           all
           that
           Off-Spring
           )
           the
           business
           was
           so
           ordered
           ,
           as
           that
           the
           young
           man
           was
           shut
           up
           in
           Faulkland
           Castle
           to
           be
           starved
           ;
           which
           yet
           was
           for
           a
           while
           delayed
           ,
           one
           
           Woman
           thrusting
           in
           some
           Oaten
           Cakes
           at
           a
           Chink
           ,
           and
           another
           giving
           him
           Milk
           out
           of
           her
           Breasts
           ,
           through
           a
           Trunk
           ;
           but
           both
           these
           being
           discovered
           ,
           the
           Youth
           being
           forced
           to
           tear
           his
           own
           Flesh
           dyed
           of
           a
           multiplyed
           Death
           ,
           which
           Murder
           being
           whispered
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           he
           was
           so
           abused
           by
           the
           false
           Representations
           of
           his
           Brother
           ;
           that
           Grief
           and
           Imprecations
           was
           all
           the
           relief
           that
           he
           had
           left
           him
           ,
           and
           being
           now
           retired
           sickly
           ,
           to
           Boot
           Castle
           ,
           and
           unable
           to
           punish
           him
           .
           The
           King
           therefore
           Solicitous
           to
           preserve
           James
           his
           youngest
           Son
           ,
           is
           resolved
           to
           send
           him
           to
           Charles
           the
           sixth
           of
           France
           :
           And
           having
           taking
           shipping
           at
           the
           Bassas
           ,
           he
           passed
           by
           the
           Promontory
           of
           Flambrough
           ;
           and
           whether
           he
           was
           forced
           by
           a
           Tempest
           ,
           or
           that
           he
           was
           Sea-sick
           ,
           he
           was
           forced
           to
           Land
           there
           ,
           he
           was
           taken
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           detained
           Prisoner
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           eight
           years
           Truce
           ;
           and
           tho'
           it
           came
           to
           be
           debated
           at
           the
           Councel
           Table
           ,
           yet
           his
           Detention
           was
           carried
           in
           the
           Affirmative
           :
           But
           the
           News
           so
           struck
           his
           aged
           Father
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           almost
           presently
           dyed
           ;
           but
           being
           carried
           to
           his
           Chamber
           with
           voluntary
           abstinence
           and
           Sorrow
           :
           He
           dyed
           within
           three
           days
           ,
           the
           sixteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           in
           Pasley
           .
        
         
         
           Upon
           this
           ,
           the
           Parliament
           confirm
           Robert
           for
           Governour
           ;
           about
           four
           years
           after
           ,
           Donald
           of
           the
           Isles
           enters
           Ross
           as
           his
           pretended
           Inheritance
           ,
           with
           ten
           thousand
           Men
           ,
           which
           he
           easily
           subdued
           ;
           thence
           he
           went
           to
           Murray
           and
           Mastered
           it
           also
           ,
           and
           so
           went
           on
           to
           Aberdeen
           ;
           to
           stop
           this
           Torrent
           ,
           Alexander
           Earl
           of
           Marr
           ,
           followed
           by
           most
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           met
           him
           at
           Harlaw
           ,
           where
           they
           joyned
           in
           so
           bloody
           a
           Battel
           ,
           and
           lost
           so
           many
           noble
           and
           considerable
           Persons
           ,
           that
           tho'
           Night
           parted
           them
           ,
           neither
           could
           pretend
           to
           the
           Victory
           ,
           to
           this
           year
           ,
           the
           University
           of
           S.
           Andrews
           owes
           it's
           Rise
           :
           The
           English
           being
           taken
           up
           with
           a
           War
           with
           France
           ,
           nothing
           considerable
           was
           acted
           between
           them
           and
           the
           Scots
           ,
           for
           ten
           years
           after
           ,
           at
           which
           time
           Robert
           the
           Governour
           dyes
           ,
           and
           Murdoch
           his
           Son
           (
           a
           very
           unfit
           Person
           ,
           )
           was
           put
           in
           his
           place
           ;
           who
           suffered
           his
           Sons
           to
           come
           to
           that
           petulancy
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           not
           only
           offensive
           to
           the
           People
           ,
           but
           with
           all
           disobedient
           to
           their
           Father
           ;
           who
           having
           a
           brave
           Faulcon
           ,
           which
           his
           Son
           Walter
           had
           often
           begged
           ,
           but
           in
           vain
           ,
           he
           snatched
           it
           out
           of
           his
           Fathers
           hand
           ,
           and
           wrung
           off
           her
           Neck
           ,
           for
           which
           his
           Father
           being
           angry
           Well
           says
           he
           ,
           
             Since
             I
             cannot
             Govern
             thee
             :
             I
             will
             
             bring
             one
             shall
             Govern
             us
             both
          
           :
           And
           from
           that
           day
           ,
           he
           ceased
           not
           to
           further
           the
           Redemption
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           he
           Governed
           four
           years
           .
        
         
           102.
           
           But
           the
           Nobles
           weary
           under
           this
           form
           of
           Government
           ,
           the
           Governour
           being
           also
           irritated
           by
           the
           Misdemeanor
           of
           his
           Children
           ,
           all
           Unanimously
           determine
           without
           longer
           delays
           ,
           to
           work
           the
           deliverance
           of
           their
           Native
           Prince
           James
           ,
           fourth
           of
           England
           ,
           which
           at
           length
           was
           effected
           ,
           
             Anno.
             Dom.
          
           1424.
           
           Having
           Ransomed
           him
           for
           the
           sum
           of
           forty
           hundred
           thousand
           Marks
           .
           He
           married
           Jane
           Daughter
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Somerset
           ,
           Son
           to
           John
           of
           Gaunt
           ,
           who
           bare
           to
           him
           two
           Sons
           ,
           Alexander
           who
           dyed
           shortly
           after
           ,
           and
           James
           the
           second
           who
           succeeded
           to
           him
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           having
           passed
           the
           Solemnities
           of
           
             Hasterat
             Edenburgh
          
           :
           He
           with
           his
           Queen
           came
           to
           Perth
           ,
           and
           from
           thence
           to
           Scone
           ;
           where
           he
           was
           Crowned
           in
           the
           twenty
           seventh
           year
           of
           his
           Age
           ,
           after
           he
           held
           a
           Parliament
           at
           Perth
           ,
           where
           the
           Tax
           was
           laid
           on
           to
           pay
           the
           sum
           promised
           to
           England
           for
           his
           Ransome
           ,
           from
           thence
           he
           went
           back
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           where
           he
           called
           such
           as
           were
           Concerned
           with
           the
           Crown
           Rents
           together
           ;
           he
           understood
           by
           their
           Accounts
           ,
           that
           the
           most
           
           and
           best
           part
           of
           the
           Crown
           Lands
           were
           alienated
           ,
           and
           wasted
           by
           the
           late
           Governour
           ,
           and
           his
           Sons
           ,
           whereat
           he
           was
           exceedingly
           incensed
           ;
           yet
           that
           time
           he
           smothered
           ,
           and
           put
           a
           fair
           Countenance
           upon
           his
           Passion
           .
           But
           soon
           after
           ,
           pregnant
           Accusations
           were
           brought
           in
           against
           some
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ;
           especially
           ,
           the
           Governours
           Friends
           ,
           upon
           which
           some
           of
           them
           were
           made
           Prisoners
           ,
           which
           occasioned
           much
           discontent
           and
           Jealousie
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           yet
           the
           King
           securing
           the
           Body
           of
           this
           Estate
           on
           his
           side
           ,
           resolved
           to
           go
           on
           ;
           and
           having
           Arrested
           the
           Governour
           ,
           with
           two
           of
           his
           Sons
           ,
           and
           several
           others
           his
           Friends
           ,
           they
           were
           all
           committed
           to
           several
           Prisons
           :
           Whereupon
           James
           the
           Governours
           youngest
           Son
           ,
           in
           a
           desperate
           rage
           accompanied
           with
           a
           number
           of
           Out-laws
           ,
           came
           to
           Dumbarton
           ,
           and
           set
           on
           Fire
           ,
           and
           killed
           
             John
             Stewart
          
           the
           Kings
           Uncle
           ,
           with
           thirty
           others
           .
           This
           Insolency
           of
           the
           Son
           ,
           quite
           diverted
           the
           Kings
           Clemency
           from
           his
           Father
           and
           Brethren
           :
           Whereupon
           he
           calleth
           a
           Parliament
           at
           Sterling
           ,
           where
           the
           Governour
           with
           his
           two
           Sons
           ,
           and
           his
           Father-in-Law
           the
           Duke
           of
           Lenox
           ,
           were
           Arraigned
           and
           Condemned
           ,
           and
           soon
           after
           Executed
           ;
           this
           highly
           perplexed
           some
           other
           Lords
           and
           Gentlemen
           ,
           who
           were
           Prisoners
           
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           fearing
           that
           they
           should
           also
           meet
           with
           the
           same
           measures
           ;
           yet
           the
           King
           like
           a
           wise
           Physitian
           ,
           being
           not
           willing
           to
           take
           away
           more
           Blood
           ,
           than
           he
           thought
           would
           take
           away
           the
           Disease
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           in
           a
           short
           time
           set
           them
           all
           at
           Liberty
           .
           The
           Wars
           continuing
           between
           France
           and
           England
           ,
           the
           French
           sent
           an
           Ambassador
           to
           renew
           the
           ancient
           League
           with
           Scotland
           :
           But
           his
           main
           business
           was
           ,
           to
           carry
           on
           a
           match
           between
           Lewis
           the
           Daulphine
           ,
           tho'
           then
           very
           young
           ;
           and
           Margaret
           Daughter
           to
           King
           James
           ,
           this
           match
           the
           English
           neglected
           ,
           but
           afterward
           most
           earnestly
           sued
           for
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           South
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           being
           brought
           under
           Obedience
           ,
           the
           King
           resolved
           to
           have
           the
           North
           follow
           their
           Example
           ,
           for
           which
           end
           he
           went
           thither
           himself
           in
           Person
           ,
           to
           keep
           his
           Courts
           :
           When
           he
           came
           there
           ,
           he
           found
           things
           in
           a
           strange
           Condition
           ,
           all
           going
           by
           strength
           of
           hand
           ;
           the
           stronger
           overthrowing
           the
           weaker
           .
           The
           King
           not
           knowing
           well
           how
           to
           go
           about
           the
           taming
           of
           these
           rude
           Villains
           ,
           seemed
           to
           give
           small
           Faith
           to
           what
           he
           heard
           of
           them
           ,
           allowing
           such
           of
           them
           ,
           as
           seemed
           to
           come
           and
           see
           him
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           seeming
           Favour
           ,
           till
           at
           length
           he
           got
           forty
           of
           their
           Chiefs
           all
           at
           once
           ,
           within
           the
           Castle
           of
           
           Innerness
           ,
           whom
           he
           presently
           surprized
           ,
           making
           them
           close
           Prisoners
           :
           Within
           a
           few
           days
           after
           ,
           the
           King
           was
           convinced
           of
           this
           wickedness
           ;
           
             Alexander
             Macrory
          
           ,
           and
           
             John
             Macherter
          
           were
           hanged
           ;
           
             John
             Campbel
          
           for
           murthering
           John
           of
           the
           Isles
           ,
           was
           beheaded
           :
           The
           Earl
           of
           Ross
           being
           taken
           in
           this
           Trap
           ,
           was
           brought
           by
           the
           King
           to
           Perth
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           accused
           of
           Oppression
           and
           other
           things
           ;
           yet
           the
           King
           pardoned
           him
           ,
           and
           freely
           dismist
           him
           ,
           taking
           his
           Oath
           of
           Fidelity
           .
           But
           as
           soon
           as
           he
           went
           home
           ,
           he
           gathered
           together
           a
           Rabble
           of
           Out-laws
           ,
           who
           came
           towards
           Innerness
           ,
           burnt
           both
           Town
           and
           Castle
           to
           the
           Ground
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           King
           himself
           went
           with
           his
           Forces
           against
           him
           ,
           at
           whose
           approach
           all
           the
           Rebels
           fled
           :
           Alexander
           thus
           abandoned
           of
           his
           Forces
           ,
           fled
           to
           the
           Isles
           ;
           but
           finding
           that
           he
           was
           way-laid
           on
           all
           hands
           ,
           and
           had
           no
           way
           left
           him
           to
           escape
           ,
           he
           came
           disguised
           to
           Edenburgh
           :
           Whereupon
           Yesterday
           the
           King
           being
           at
           Church
           ,
           he
           came
           wrapped
           in
           a
           mourning
           Garment
           and
           fell
           down
           at
           his
           Feet
           ,
           beging
           his
           Life
           ,
           which
           at
           the
           Queens
           request
           was
           granted
           ;
           but
           to
           keep
           him
           from
           any
           more
           mischief
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           August
           was
           appointed
           to
           take
           him
           into
           Custody
           ,
           within
           Tanutallon
           Castle
           .
        
         
         
           
             Donald
             Balloth
          
           Cousin-german
           to
           the
           Earle
           of
           Ross
           raised
           a
           great
           number
           of
           outlaws
           and
           invaded
           Lochaber
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           Bloody
           Battel
           overthrew
           the
           Earles
           of
           Marr
           and
           Caithness
           at
           Innerlochy
           ,
           the
           news
           coming
           to
           the
           King
           he
           came
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           to
           Dunstaffage
           ,
           which
           when
           the
           Clans
           heard
           of
           ,
           they
           tendred
           their
           Submission
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           promising
           to
           break
           Balloth
           and
           his
           party
           ,
           which
           the
           King
           accepted
           of
           ,
           Balloth
           fled
           to
           Ireland
           where
           he
           was
           taken
           and
           his
           head
           chopt
           off
           and
           sent
           to
           King
           James
           .
        
         
           Notwithstanding
           of
           the
           many
           Acts
           of
           Justice
           that
           were
           done
           upon
           these
           disorderly
           outlaws
           ,
           yet
           nothing
           frighted
           one
           Macdonald
           ,
           who
           was
           Famous
           for
           all
           sorts
           of
           Villanies
           ;
           among
           other
           Cruelties
           he
           is
           said
           to
           have
           nailed
           Horseshoes
           to
           the
           Soles
           of
           a
           Widdow
           ,
           because
           that
           she
           swore
           to
           delate
           him
           to
           the
           King
           being
           taken
           with
           twelve
           of
           his
           associates
           ,
           and
           brought
           to
           Perth
           ,
           the
           King
           caused
           them
           to
           be
           shooed
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           as
           he
           had
           served
           the
           woman
           ,
           draging
           him
           about
           for
           a
           Spectacle
           to
           the
           people
           for
           three
           days
           ,
           then
           all
           of
           them
           were
           put
           to
           death
           .
           In
           this
           year
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1430.
           the
           first
           of
           June
           was
           a
           terrible
           Eclipse
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           at
           three
           of
           the
           clock
           in
           the
           afternoon
           ,
           the
           day
           turning
           black
           for
           the
           
           space
           of
           half
           an
           hour
           ,
           as
           though
           it
           had
           been
           night
           ,
           which
           was
           afterward
           called
           by
           the
           common
           people
           
             The
             black
             Hour
          
           .
           The
           King
           having
           setled
           the
           Country
           ,
           begins
           to
           look
           to
           his
           own
           affairs
           ,
           and
           having
           advisedly
           perused
           all
           evidences
           and
           Charters
           belonging
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           he
           recalls
           all
           such
           Lands
           as
           had
           been
           either
           alienated
           from
           it
           ,
           or
           wrongfully
           usurped
           ,
           about
           this
           time
           there
           came
           Ambassadors
           from
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           requiring
           of
           King
           James
           a
           Yearly
           Tribute
           ,
           due
           to
           him
           as
           King
           of
           Norway
           for
           the
           western
           Isles
           ,
           the
           Ambassador
           was
           honourably
           entertained
           ,
           and
           the
           old
           League
           renewed
           with
           Denmark
           ;
           soon
           after
           the
           French
           Kings
           Ambassadors
           came
           to
           have
           Margaret
           already
           betrothed
           to
           Lewis
           the
           Dauphin
           ,
           delivered
           to
           them
           and
           conveyed
           to
           France
           ,
           where
           they
           found
           the
           Lord
           Scroop
           earnestly
           dealing
           with
           the
           King
           ,
           that
           he
           must
           bestow
           his
           daughter
           upon
           King
           Henry
           the
           sixth
           of
           England
           ,
           promising
           that
           if
           he
           would
           agree
           thereto
           ,
           that
           the
           Town
           and
           Castle
           of
           Berwick
           should
           be
           delivered
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           Scots
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           Lands
           lying
           between
           Tweed
           and
           the
           Redcross
           in
           in
           Richmondshire
           ,
           the
           French
           Ambassadors
           also
           proffered
           great
           and
           tempting
           things
           ,
           withal
           puting
           the
           King
           in
           mind
           how
           
           true
           they
           have
           been
           to
           him
           for
           so
           many
           years
           ,
           since
           the
           first
           making
           of
           the
           League
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           and
           his
           Council
           after
           mature
           deliberation
           ,
           declare
           they
           will
           not
           break
           the
           Ancient
           League
           with
           France
           ,
           whereupon
           the
           English
           Ambassadors
           turned
           from
           Prayers
           to
           Threatnings
           ,
           and
           being
           denied
           friendship
           denounced
           War.
           But
           the
           King
           no
           wise
           moved
           hereat
           presently
           prepared
           his
           Ships
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           company
           of
           able
           and
           skilful
           Mariners
           set
           his
           Daughter
           to
           Sea
           ,
           and
           having
           escaped
           the
           English
           Fleet
           that
           waited
           for
           her
           ,
           safely
           arrived
           at
           the
           
             Rochel
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           1430.
           
        
         
           The
           English
           to
           revenge
           this
           supposed
           afront
           invades
           Scotland
           both
           by
           Sea
           and
           Land
           ;
           against
           their
           forces
           commanded
           by
           
             Henry
             Piercy
          
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           went
           
             James
             Dowglass
          
           Earle
           of
           Angus
           ,
           with
           several
           Gentlemen
           ,
           their
           numbers
           were
           much
           about
           one
           ,
           the
           lists
           of
           their
           meeting
           was
           
             Popperden
             ,
             Adam
             Hepburn
          
           of
           Hales
           ,
           and
           
             Alexander
             Elphinston
          
           led
           the
           Vanguard
           of
           the
           Scots
           ,
           Sir
           
             Richard
             Piercy
          
           and
           Sir
           
             John
             Ogle
          
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           Sir
           
             Alexander
             Ramsey
          
           of
           Dalehouse
           ,
           and
           
             Henry
             Clidsdale
          
           kept
           the
           Rears
           ,
           no
           sooner
           came
           they
           within
           distance
           of
           Joyning
           but
           the
           sounds
           of
           Drums
           and
           Trumpets
           ,
           was
           out
           noised
           
           by
           the
           shouts
           of
           the
           Assailants
           ;
           Guns
           being
           about
           this
           time
           invented
           were
           here
           first
           practised
           between
           the
           Scots
           and
           English
           in
           an
           open
           field
           ,
           then
           the
           fight
           with
           equal
           order
           had
           been
           long
           maintained
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           now
           the
           Scots
           then
           the
           English
           yielding
           ground
           ,
           many
           of
           the
           Commanders
           at
           length
           began
           to
           fall
           ,
           most
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           then
           was
           the
           Piercy
           at
           once
           constrained
           to
           be
           both
           Commander
           and
           Souldier
           ,
           but
           all
           would
           not
           do
           ,
           at
           last
           Victory
           declared
           her self
           altogether
           for
           the
           Scots
           ,
           two
           hundred
           Gentlemen
           and
           Common
           Souldiers
           of
           the
           Scots
           were
           slain
           here
           .
           Of
           the
           English
           dyed
           Sir
           
             Henry
             Cliddsdale
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             John
             Ogle
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             Richard
             Piercy
          
           with
           fifteen
           hundred
           Gentlemen
           and
           Common
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           four
           hundred
           taken
           prisoners
           ,
           of
           which
           forty
           were
           Knights
           ;
           King
           James
           resolving
           to
           prosecute
           this
           War
           raised
           an
           army
           ,
           and
           cometh
           to
           Roxburgh
           ,
           beseigeth
           the
           Castle
           defended
           by
           Sir
           
             Ralph
             Gray
          
           ;
           But
           when
           he
           came
           so
           near
           his
           designe
           that
           they
           within
           were
           driven
           to
           terms
           to
           Surrender
           :
           The
           Queen
           in
           great
           hast
           cometh
           to
           the
           Camp
           representing
           to
           her
           Husband
           a
           Conspiracy
           ,
           which
           if
           not
           suddenly
           prevented
           would
           indanger
           his
           person
           and
           Crown
           ,
           this
           put
           the
           King
           in
           great
           astonishment
           ,
           not
           knowing
           what
           
           to
           do
           ,
           at
           last
           after
           many
           doubtful
           resolutions
           and
           conflicts
           in
           his
           thoughts
           ,
           raiseth
           the
           seige
           ,
           disbandeth
           the
           Army
           ,
           and
           accompanied
           with
           some
           chosen
           bands
           of
           his
           most
           assured
           friends
           ,
           Perplexed
           Pensive
           and
           Sad
           returned
           to
           Perth
           ,
           staied
           in
           the
           Convent
           of
           the
           Dominicans
           ,
           indeavouring
           so
           secretly
           as
           was
           possible
           to
           find
           out
           the
           Conspiracy
           ,
           but
           his
           close
           practising
           was
           not
           unknown
           to
           the
           Conspirators
           ,
           which
           made
           them
           hasten
           the
           mischief
           before
           tryal
           ,
           or
           remedy
           could
           be
           thought
           upon
           .
        
         
           The
           Conspirators
           were
           
             Robert
             Graham
             ,
             Robert
             Stewart
          
           Nephew
           to
           Waller
           Earle
           of
           Athole
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           the
           Kings
           sworn
           Domesticks
           ,
           but
           he
           who
           gave
           motion
           to
           all
           was
           the
           Earle
           of
           Athole
           ,
           he
           himself
           the
           Kings
           Fatthers
           Brother
           ;
           this
           quarrel
           was
           no
           less
           then
           a
           pretended
           Title
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           being
           animated
           by
           the
           Oracle
           of
           a
           Southsayer
           ,
           who
           assured
           him
           that
           he
           would
           be
           Crowned
           in
           a
           solemn
           Assembly
           before
           his
           death
           ,
           never
           doubted
           of
           success
           .
           These
           having
           associated
           unto
           them
           the
           most
           audacious
           ,
           whom
           hope
           of
           preferment
           might
           intice
           .
        
         
           Thus
           Graham
           and
           Stewart
           which
           were
           accomplices
           guided
           with
           resolution
           ,
           and
           guarded
           with
           the
           darkness
           of
           the
           Night
           ,
           came
           to
           the
           Black-fryers
           of
           Perth
           ,
           and
           
           having
           the
           way
           made
           open
           to
           them
           ,
           entred
           the
           Gallery
           before
           the
           Kings
           chamber
           door
           ,
           where
           they
           attended
           some
           of
           their
           Confederates
           ,
           who
           should
           have
           stole
           away
           the
           bar
           by
           which
           means
           they
           might
           enter
           the
           chamber
           ,
           but
           before
           their
           coming
           the
           occasion
           was
           put
           in
           their
           hands
           ,
           for
           
             Walter
             Streater
          
           one
           of
           the
           Kings
           Cup
           bearers
           came
           forth
           of
           the
           Chamber
           and
           finding
           armed
           men
           ,
           rushing
           rudely
           to
           force
           their
           entry
           ,
           with
           a
           loud
           voice
           gave
           the
           alarum
           of
           Treason
           ,
           while
           they
           were
           working
           his
           death
           a
           Maid
           of
           Honour
           got
           to
           the
           Door
           ,
           and
           essayed
           to
           shut
           it
           ,
           but
           the
           bar
           which
           should
           have
           made
           it
           fast
           was
           gone
           ,
           she
           thrust
           in
           her
           Arm
           in
           the
           place
           of
           it
           but
           that
           easily
           broken
           ,
           the
           conspirators
           rush
           into
           the
           Chamber
           ,
           and
           slaying
           all
           such
           of
           the
           waiters
           as
           made
           defence
           ,
           they
           at
           last
           stroke
           down
           the
           King
           ,
           (
           whom
           while
           the
           Queen
           by
           interposing
           her
           body
           sought
           to
           save
           ,
           she
           received
           two
           wounds
           )
           and
           he
           with
           twenty
           eight
           most
           toward
           the
           heart
           was
           left
           dead
           .
           The
           report
           of
           this
           Murther
           being
           spread
           abroad
           ,
           wrought
           incredible
           Sorrow
           and
           Grief
           in
           the
           Hearts
           of
           his
           Subjects
           of
           all
           sorts
           ,
           the
           Nobles
           of
           their
           own
           accord
           and
           motion
           Assembled
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           and
           directed
           Troops
           of
           Armed
           men
           through
           all
           the
           
           quarters
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           to
           aprehend
           the
           Murtherers
           ;
           such
           diligence
           was
           used
           that
           within
           forty
           days
           all
           were
           taken
           and
           put
           to
           Ignominious
           Deaths
           :
           the
           common
           sort
           of
           the
           Conspirators
           were
           hanged
           upon
           Gibbits
           ,
           the
           punishment
           of
           Athol
           was
           continued
           for
           three
           days
           ,
           the
           first
           day
           he
           was
           Stript
           naked
           to
           his
           shirt
           ,
           and
           by
           a
           Crane
           fixed
           in
           a
           Cart
           often
           hoisted
           aloft
           and
           thus
           dragged
           along
           the
           great
           street
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           on
           the
           second
           day
           he
           was
           mounted
           upon
           a
           Pillar
           in
           the
           Market-place
           ,
           and
           crowned
           with
           a
           Diadem
           of
           burning
           Iron
           with
           this
           Inscription
           ,
           
             the
             King
             of
             all
             Traytors
          
           ,
           thus
           was
           his
           Oracle
           accomplished
           ,
           the
           third
           day
           he
           was
           laid
           naked
           upon
           a
           Scaffold
           ,
           his
           belly
           ript
           ,
           his
           Heart
           and
           Bowels
           taken
           out
           and
           thrown
           in
           a
           Fire
           before
           his
           eyes
           ,
           lastly
           his
           Head
           was
           cut
           of
           and
           fixed
           in
           the
           most
           Eminent
           place
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           his
           Body
           sent
           in
           quarters
           ,
           to
           the
           most
           populous
           Cities
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           to
           remain
           a
           Trophy
           of
           Justice
           .
           His
           Nephew
           was
           not
           altogether
           so
           vigorously
           handled
           ,
           being
           only
           hanged
           and
           quartered
           .
        
         
           But
           it
           being
           notorious
           ,
           that
           Graham
           had
           imbrewed
           his
           hands
           in
           the
           Kings
           Blood
           ,
           a
           Gallows
           being
           raised
           in
           a
           Cave
           ,
           he
           had
           his
           Right
           hand
           nailed
           to
           it
           ,
           and
           as
           he
           was
           dragged
           along
           the
           Streets
           ,
           
           Executioners
           with
           burning
           Pincers
           ,
           tearing
           the
           most
           Fleshy
           part
           of
           his
           Carcass
           ;
           being
           thus
           torn
           and
           flayed
           ,
           his
           Heart
           and
           Intrals
           were
           thrown
           into
           a
           Fire
           ,
           his
           Head
           set
           up
           ,
           and
           his
           Quarters
           sent
           among
           the
           Towns
           ,
           to
           satisfie
           the
           wrath
           and
           sorrow
           of
           the
           injured
           People
           :
           Being
           asked
           during
           his
           Torture
           ,
           how
           he
           durst
           embrew
           his
           hand
           in
           his
           Princes
           blood
           ,
           he
           made
           answer
           ,
           that
           having
           Heaven
           and
           Hell
           before
           him
           ,
           he
           dared
           leap
           from
           Heaven
           into
           Hell
           ;
           an
           answer
           worthy
           for
           such
           a
           Villain
           .
        
         
           
             Dueas
             Sylvius
          
           then
           Legat
           in
           Scoltand
           ,
           from
           the
           Pope
           ;
           having
           seen
           this
           sudden
           and
           Terrible
           revenge
           ,
           being
           a
           Witness
           of
           the
           Execution
           :
           Said
           he
           could
           not
           tell
           ,
           whether
           he
           should
           give
           them
           greater
           Commendations
           ,
           that
           revenged
           the
           Kings
           Death
           ,
           or
           brand
           them
           with
           a
           sharper
           Condemnation
           ,
           that
           distained
           themselves
           with
           so
           Hainous
           a
           parricide
           .
           Thus
           dyed
           this
           Noble
           and
           Wise
           Prince
           ,
           in
           the
           thirteenth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           :
           He
           was
           buried
           in
           the
           Charter-house
           of
           Perth
           ,
           which
           he
           himself
           had
           founded
           .
        
         
           103.
           
           The
           three
           Estates
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           set
           the
           Crown
           upon
           the
           Head
           of
           James
           the
           second
           at
           Holy-rood-house
           ;
           while
           yet
           a
           Child
           in
           the
           sixth
           year
           of
           his
           Age
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1437.
           
           The
           Government
           
           is
           intrusted
           to
           
             Alexander
             Levingston
          
           of
           Calander
           ,
           and
           the
           Custody
           of
           the
           Kings
           Person
           ,
           to
           Sir
           
             William
             Crichtoun
          
           :
           Whereupon
           Archibald
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           ,
           grudging
           that
           these
           Honours
           had
           been
           conferred
           upon
           Men
           far
           below
           himself
           ,
           retired
           home
           and
           gave
           Orders
           ,
           that
           none
           of
           his
           Vassals
           should
           acknowledge
           the
           present
           Government
           ;
           also
           he
           used
           all
           means
           to
           weaken
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           Chancellor
           ,
           and
           Governour
           ,
           sowing
           (
           by
           his
           Instruments
           )
           the
           Seeds
           of
           Division
           between
           them
           ,
           which
           accordingly
           answered
           Expectation
           ,
           they
           begin
           to
           cross
           and
           Counter-act
           one
           another
           ,
           which
           made
           them
           at
           length
           that
           neither
           of
           them
           was
           obeyed
           ,
           the
           Country
           ,
           having
           usurped
           a
           Licencious
           Liberty
           ,
           doing
           what
           he
           thought
           best
           .
        
         
           The
           Queen
           seeing
           things
           thus
           mis-managed
           betwixt
           them
           ,
           and
           finding
           that
           the
           Chancellor
           was
           mostly
           to
           blame
           ,
           she
           at
           last
           resolves
           to
           change
           the
           Game
           of
           State.
           To
           effect
           her
           design
           ,
           she
           came
           to
           Edenburgh
           ;
           and
           with
           fair
           Speeches
           prevailed
           with
           the
           Chancellor
           ,
           to
           let
           her
           enter
           the
           Castle
           ▪
           and
           delight
           her self
           some
           days
           in
           the
           Company
           of
           her
           Son
           ;
           after
           some
           days
           staying
           ,
           where
           
           having
           fixed
           every
           thing
           for
           her
           purpose
           ,
           she
           puts
           the
           King
           into
           a
           Trunck
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           had
           been
           some
           Fardel
           of
           her
           Apparel
           ,
           and
           conveys
           him
           by
           water
           to
           Sterling
           ,
           presently
           after
           Proclamations
           are
           made
           against
           the
           Chancellor
           ,
           and
           he
           Commanded
           to
           render
           the
           Castle
           ,
           which
           he
           refusing
           to
           do
           ,
           he
           is
           presently
           besieged
           .
           But
           the
           two
           Rulers
           being
           better
           advised
           ,
           considering
           that
           Douglass
           waited
           to
           see
           them
           undo
           one
           another
           ,
           come
           to
           an
           agreement
           .
        
         
           Much
           about
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Queen
           Dowager
           married
           
             James
             Stewart's
          
           Son
           ,
           to
           the
           Lord
           of
           Lorn
           ,
           the
           Governour
           fearing
           what
           might
           follow
           upon
           the
           Novation
           ,
           committed
           them
           both
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           Sterling
           ,
           then
           the
           Queen
           began
           to
           repent
           her
           ,
           of
           her
           former
           Courtesies
           to
           the
           Governour
           ,
           resolving
           once
           more
           to
           Face
           about
           ;
           which
           the
           Chancellor
           observing
           ,
           lays
           hold
           upon
           the
           Opportunity
           ,
           and
           strikes
           in
           with
           her
           presently
           ,
           they
           contrived
           how
           to
           take
           the
           Prince
           out
           of
           the
           Governours
           hands
           ,
           which
           they
           after
           effected
           thus
           ,
           the
           King
           being
           one
           Morning
           hunting
           in
           the
           Park
           (
           the
           Governour
           being
           at
           Perth
           )
           the
           Chancellor
           coming
           to
           him
           by
           
           the
           Queens
           assistance
           ,
           prevails
           with
           him
           to
           go
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           and
           take
           the
           Government
           upon
           himself
           ;
           which
           when
           the
           Governour
           hears
           of
           ,
           he
           very
           calmly
           came
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           where
           the
           Chancellor
           and
           he
           becometh
           Friends
           .
        
         
           The
           great
           Confusions
           that
           were
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           did
           necessitate
           the
           the
           calling
           of
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           where
           many
           grievous
           Complaints
           were
           brought
           against
           several
           Oppressors
           ;
           and
           among
           the
           rest
           William
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           ,
           Son
           to
           Archibald
           ;
           was
           represented
           as
           the
           Source
           ,
           whence
           the
           Miseries
           of
           the
           Country
           sprang
           :
           The
           Parliament
           resolve
           to
           proceed
           against
           him
           ,
           by
           way
           of
           Rigour
           ,
           but
           the
           Governor
           and
           the
           Chancellor
           advise
           them
           rather
           to
           write
           a
           fair
           Letter
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           invite
           him
           by
           fair
           means
           to
           come
           in
           and
           submit
           ,
           which
           was
           accordingly
           done
           ,
           and
           wrought
           so
           effectually
           upon
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           resolves
           presently
           to
           obey
           ;
           hoping
           thereby
           to
           get
           himself
           set
           up
           :
           He
           upon
           his
           arrival
           ,
           was
           together
           with
           his
           Brother
           David
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Malcolm
             Flyming
          
           of
           Cummerald
           ,
           with
           great
           Ceremony
           conducted
           by
           the
           Governour
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           Edenburgh
           ,
           where
           the
           King
           was
           ;
           at
           this
           
           Table
           he
           was
           set
           to
           Dine
           ,
           this
           so
           elevated
           his
           Heart
           ,
           that
           he
           Blessed
           himself
           with
           the
           Expectation
           of
           other
           Favours
           .
        
         
           But
           amidst
           these
           Entertainments
           (
           behold
           the
           Instability
           of
           Fortune
           )
           near
           the
           end
           of
           the
           Banquet
           ,
           the
           Head
           of
           a
           Bull
           (
           which
           was
           the
           sign
           of
           present
           Death
           in
           those
           days
           )
           is
           set
           down
           before
           him
           :
           At
           which
           sudden
           Spectacle
           ,
           he
           leapt
           from
           the
           Table
           all
           agast
           ,
           but
           he
           is
           presently
           seized
           upon
           by
           armed
           Men
           ,
           who
           led
           him
           to
           the
           outer
           Court
           of
           the
           Castle
           ,
           and
           notwithstanding
           the
           Tears
           and
           Crys
           of
           the
           young
           King
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           spare
           his
           Life
           ,
           he
           together
           with
           his
           Brother
           and
           Flyming
           ,
           had
           their
           Heads
           cut
           off
           :
           This
           Act
           left
           Grief
           and
           Terror
           in
           the
           Hearts
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           who
           ever
           after
           hated
           the
           Actors
           of
           the
           Tragedy
           .
        
         
           The
           Kings
           Nonage
           being
           now
           near
           expired
           ,
           he
           takes
           the
           Government
           upon
           himself
           ,
           and
           finding
           the
           two
           Rulers
           being
           so
           long
           settled
           in
           the
           Government
           ;
           not
           to
           be
           Ambitious
           and
           Head-strong
           ,
           he
           resolves
           to
           entertain
           another
           Faction
           more
           powerful
           than
           they
           :
           So
           setting
           his
           thoughts
           upon
           William
           
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           Son
           to
           the
           Baron
           of
           Abercon
           ,
           him
           he
           received
           into
           Favour
           .
           This
           sudden
           change
           of
           Court
           ,
           moved
           the
           two
           Rulers
           to
           withdraw
           ,
           after
           which
           they
           were
           both
           removed
           from
           their
           Offices
           ;
           and
           at
           last
           summoned
           before
           the
           King
           ,
           to
           answer
           such
           things
           as
           they
           should
           be
           Legally
           accused
           of
           .
           They
           finding
           that
           there
           was
           a
           design
           upon
           them
           ,
           did
           not
           appear
           :
           Whereupon
           they
           were
           both
           forfeited
           .
        
         
           This
           produced
           great
           Confusion
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           all
           being
           divided
           into
           Factions
           ,
           and
           Parties
           :
           Whereupon
           followed
           much
           Effusion
           of
           Blood
           ;
           especially
           ,
           between
           the
           Layndsays
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Ogletives
             .
             Douglass
          
           to
           keep
           himself
           high
           ,
           did
           much
           abett
           these
           Broils
           ,
           making
           his
           own
           use
           of
           them
           ;
           yet
           not
           long
           after
           ,
           the
           Chancellor
           notwithstanding
           Douglass's
           power
           ,
           and
           Policy
           ,
           is
           restored
           to
           his
           Fortune
           and
           Dignity
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           being
           setled
           upon
           the
           Throne
           ,
           married
           Mary
           Daughter
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Gnilders
           ,
           soon
           after
           ,
           the
           Peace
           with
           England
           expired
           ,
           and
           the
           Borders
           of
           both
           Kingdoms
           ,
           break
           and
           mutually
           invade
           each
           other
           ,
           which
           issued
           in
           a
           
           Truce
           for
           seven
           yeers
           .
           But
           this
           Truce
           stood
           not
           long
           ,
           both
           Nations
           being
           equally
           inclined
           to
           break
           it
           :
           Whereupon
           after
           several
           Incursions
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           at
           last
           they
           came
           to
           a
           Battel
           .
           The
           Scots
           were
           Commanded
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Ormond
           ,
           the
           English
           ,
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           
             Northumberland
             ,
             Magnus
             Red-beard
          
           ;
           a
           man
           trained
           from
           his
           Youth
           in
           the
           Wars
           of
           France
           ,
           who
           is
           said
           to
           have
           required
           no
           more
           for
           his
           Service
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           then
           that
           by
           his
           own
           Valour
           ,
           he
           must
           Conquer
           of
           Scotland
           .
           Here
           it
           is
           valiantly
           fought
           for
           a
           long
           time
           ,
           with
           doubtful
           Victory
           ,
           till
           at
           length
           Magnus
           being
           killed
           ,
           it
           inclined
           to
           the
           Scots
           ,
           the
           loss
           of
           the
           English
           was
           great
           ,
           many
           brave
           Men
           being
           killed
           and
           taken
           Prisoners
           ,
           upon
           their
           side
           ,
           but
           the
           Scots
           lost
           few
           of
           any
           Note
           ,
           except
           
             Cragy
             Wallace
          
           :
           This
           Battel
           brought
           on
           a
           Truce
           for
           three
           years
           .
        
         
           This
           Victory
           no
           sooner
           was
           obtained
           ,
           and
           thereby
           Peace
           abroad
           ,
           but
           presently
           they
           fall
           out
           at
           home
           ;
           this
           Douglass
           being
           always
           the
           first
           mover
           of
           strife
           :
           But
           now
           finding
           himself
           over-powered
           by
           Adversaries
           ,
           both
           at
           Court
           and
           in
           the
           Country
           ;
           he
           leaveth
           the
           
           Kingdom
           and
           goeth
           to
           Rome
           ,
           he
           was
           not
           long
           gone
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           means
           of
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           he
           is
           cited
           to
           appear
           before
           the
           Council
           upon
           several
           days
           together
           ,
           with
           his
           Brother
           and
           Vassals
           ,
           to
           answer
           such
           things
           as
           should
           be
           objected
           against
           them
           ;
           and
           upon
           not
           appearing
           ,
           are
           all
           denounced
           Rebels
           :
           the
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           hearing
           of
           this
           unexpected
           News
           at
           Rome
           ,
           takes
           a
           Journey
           ,
           and
           comes
           to
           the
           Borders
           of
           Scotland
           ;
           whence
           he
           sent
           his
           Brother
           to
           Court
           to
           know
           the
           Kings
           mind
           towards
           him
           .
           The
           King
           promised
           upon
           his
           Submission
           ,
           to
           accept
           of
           him
           ,
           which
           he
           performed
           ,
           making
           him
           for
           his
           further
           Encouragement
           Lieutenant
           General
           of
           his
           Forces
           :
           But
           he
           stood
           not
           long
           privately
           in
           his
           Prosperity
           ,
           for
           going
           to
           the
           Court
           of
           England
           upon
           some
           design
           ,
           the
           King
           was
           highly
           dissatisfied
           with
           him
           ,
           yet
           upon
           his
           humble
           Submission
           he
           is
           pardoned
           ,
           but
           divested
           of
           all
           publick
           imployment
           within
           the
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           Thus
           being
           degraded
           from
           his
           Honnour
           's
           ,
           he
           gives
           himself
           wholly
           to
           study
           revenge
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           might
           the
           more
           successfully
           effect
           his
           Design
           ;
           he
           gets
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Cranford
             ,
             Ross-Murray
          
           ,
           
           the
           Lord
           Balveny
           ,
           with
           many
           other
           Barons
           and
           Gentlemen
           ,
           to
           enter
           in
           a
           Confederacy
           ,
           both
           offensive
           and
           defensive
           with
           him
           ,
           after
           they
           broke
           out
           in
           unsufferable
           Insolences
           ;
           spoiling
           and
           plundering
           the
           Lands
           of
           such
           as
           were
           not
           of
           their
           Faction
           ,
           and
           killing
           ,
           and
           destroying
           such
           as
           offered
           to
           oppose
           them
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           begins
           to
           be
           apprehensive
           of
           their
           Design
           ;
           therefore
           thinks
           it
           high
           time
           to
           look
           to
           himself
           and
           his
           Country
           :
           Whereupon
           he
           sent
           for
           Douglass
           ,
           to
           come
           and
           speak
           with
           him
           at
           Sterling
           ,
           which
           he
           at
           first
           feared
           to
           do
           ,
           but
           upon
           second
           Thoughts
           ,
           he
           accompanied
           with
           many
           of
           the
           Confederates
           went
           to
           Court
           ,
           where
           the
           King
           very
           Graciously
           received
           him
           ;
           the
           day
           being
           far
           spent
           ,
           the
           Gates
           of
           the
           Castle
           shut
           ,
           all
           removed
           except
           some
           of
           the
           Council
           ,
           and
           the
           Guards
           ,
           the
           King
           takes
           the
           Earls
           apart
           very
           friendly
           ,
           and
           remembred
           him
           of
           Favours
           received
           ,
           and
           wrongs
           forgotten
           :
           Taxing
           him
           with
           the
           exorbitant
           abuses
           of
           his
           followers
           ,
           then
           he
           told
           him
           of
           a
           Covenant
           ,
           which
           he
           heard
           was
           made
           betwixt
           him
           and
           some
           of
           the
           other
           Nobility
           ,
           and
           desired
           to
           know
           what
           he
           had
           to
           say
           .
           Douglass
           answered
           in
           plain
           terms
           ,
           
           it
           was
           so
           ,
           but
           that
           the
           Covenant
           was
           made
           for
           his
           own
           safety
           ,
           the
           King
           further
           expostulated
           with
           him
           to
           break
           it
           ,
           which
           he
           refusing
           to
           do
           ,
           the
           King
           with
           his
           Dagger
           ended
           the
           Quarrel
           ,
           killing
           him
           in
           the
           place
           .
        
         
           About
           the
           end
           of
           this
           Tragedy
           ,
           a
           pair
           of
           Spurs
           between
           two
           Platters
           ,
           is
           directed
           to
           Sir
           
             James
             Hamilton
          
           ,
           as
           a
           part
           of
           the
           Kings
           Banquet
           :
           Whereupon
           he
           and
           the
           rest
           takes
           the
           Allarum
           ,
           and
           setting
           Fire
           to
           divers
           places
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           they
           make
           their
           escape
           ;
           the
           King
           to
           vindicate
           himself
           ,
           emits
           Declarations
           ,
           shewing
           all
           his
           good
           Subjects
           the
           Reasons
           that
           moved
           him
           to
           take
           Douglass's
           Life
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           not
           a
           fit
           of
           Passion
           ,
           nor
           an
           Act
           of
           private
           revenge
           ,
           but
           meerly
           to
           save
           the
           State
           from
           utter
           Ruin
           :
           Yet
           the
           Mobile
           were
           diversly
           affected
           some
           justifying
           the
           Fact
           ,
           as
           Noble
           and
           Just
           ,
           but
           others
           (
           as
           the
           greater
           number
           )
           as
           boldly
           Condemned
           it
           ,
           as
           Inhumane
           and
           Cruel
           ;
           these
           of
           the
           League
           missing
           no
           Opportunity
           that
           was
           for
           their
           Interest
           ,
           made
           it
           their
           work
           to
           sow
           Sedition
           and
           Discord
           ,
           and
           to
           encourage
           all
           Breaches
           and
           Contempt
           of
           the
           Laws
           ,
           which
           encreased
           their
           number
           ,
           so
           that
           
           the
           King
           was
           reduced
           to
           a
           very
           low
           condition
           ,
           till
           at
           last
           Cranford
           one
           of
           the
           Confederates
           being
           routed
           ,
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Huntly
           ,
           he
           recovered
           some
           strength
           ,
           and
           having
           called
           a
           Parliament
           at
           Edenburgh
           ,
           summoned
           the
           Confederate
           Lords
           to
           appear
           before
           ,
           which
           they
           scornfully
           refused
           to
           do
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           King
           levying
           an
           Army
           ,
           forced
           them
           to
           retire
           ;
           yet
           the
           Country
           suffered
           sadly
           ,
           by
           their
           unbridled
           Fury
           .
           At
           length
           after
           much
           loss
           on
           both
           sides
           (
           the
           King
           daily
           prevailing
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Cranford
           submitted
           himself
           to
           his
           mercy
           ,
           as
           several
           others
           did
           afterward
           .
           Whereupon
           the
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           fled
           to
           England
           ,
           there
           having
           gathered
           together
           several
           desperate
           Men
           ,
           he
           made
           several
           inroads
           upon
           the
           Border
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           having
           with
           much
           difficulty
           recovered
           the
           Royal
           Authority
           of
           his
           Ancestors
           ,
           (
           England
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           being
           at
           the
           point
           of
           utter
           ruine
           by
           the
           contest
           of
           Henry
           the
           sixth
           ,
           and
           the
           Duke
           of
           York
           ,
           )
           was
           much
           solicited
           by
           both
           of
           them
           ,
           but
           he
           told
           the
           Ambassadors
           that
           he
           had
           more
           reason
           to
           look
           to
           his
           own
           concerns
           ,
           then
           to
           assist
           either
           of
           them
           which
           he
           intended
           
           to
           do
           ,
           thereupon
           raising
           a
           Powerful
           Army
           he
           passed
           the
           Tweed
           ,
           and
           besieged
           Roxburgh
           ,
           where
           having
           applyed
           his
           battery
           to
           the
           Castle
           ,
           he
           began
           to
           storm
           it
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           space
           of
           an
           over-charged
           Piece
           the
           King's
           thigh
           bone
           being
           broken
           was
           struck
           immediately
           Dead
           ,
           the
           twenty
           Fourth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           having
           left
           three
           sons
           James
           who
           succeeded
           Alexander
           Duke
           of
           Albany
           ,
           and
           John
           Earl
           of
           Marre
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           at
           
             Holy-Rood
             house
          
           .
           After
           his
           death
           the
           Queen
           with
           her
           Son
           came
           to
           the
           siege
           and
           encouraged
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           who
           took
           and
           demolished
           the
           Castle
           ,
           and
           also
           the
           Castle
           of
           Warke
           .
        
         
           104.
           
           To
           him
           Succeeded
           his
           Son
           James
           the
           third
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1460.
           
           A
           good
           Prince
           corrupted
           by
           wicked
           Courtiers
           ,
           who
           with
           advantage
           of
           his
           years
           being
           but
           seven
           years
           of
           age
           when
           he
           began
           to
           Reign
           ,
           his
           education
           is
           intrusted
           to
           his
           Mother
           ,
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           the
           Earls
           of
           Anaudale
           Castle
           ,
           Orkney
           and
           the
           Lords
           ,
           Boyd
           and
           Graham
           ,
           the
           Bishops
           of
           St.
           
             Andrews
             ,
             Glasgow
          
           and
           Dnubek
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           Princes
           Nonage
           great
           confusions
           increased
           both
           at
           home
           and
           abroad
           ,
           at
           home
           by
           the
           Islanders
           who
           extreamly
           
           infested
           the
           country
           ,
           and
           came
           as
           far
           as
           the
           Blairth
           of
           Athole
           and
           burnt
           S.
           Brides
           Church
           ,
           where
           the
           Earl
           and
           his
           Lady
           took
           Sanctuary
           ,
           carrying
           them
           to
           the
           Island
           Ila
           ,
           from
           whence
           as
           these
           Savages
           were
           going
           further
           ,
           they
           were
           all
           miserably
           destroyed
           by
           a
           tempest
           .
           Nor
           was
           it
           better
           abroad
           ,
           England
           being
           in
           a
           flame
           by
           the
           Civil
           Wars
           ,
           Henry
           being
           taken
           and
           released
           again
           by
           his
           Queen
           ,
           flees
           to
           Scotland
           desiring
           their
           assistance
           against
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           might
           be
           the
           better
           heard
           caused
           the
           Town
           of
           Berwick
           to
           be
           delivered
           to
           the
           Scots
           ;
           thereupon
           the
           Queen
           who
           managed
           the
           War
           geting
           some
           supply
           ,
           marched
           (
           taking
           the
           King
           with
           her
           )
           into
           England
           ,
           but
           was
           soon
           overthrown
           at
           Durham
           .
        
         
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1466.
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           dyed
           having
           left
           many
           sound
           and
           profitable
           instructions
           to
           the
           King
           her
           Son
           ,
           who
           now
           coming
           to
           fifteen
           years
           of
           age
           ,
           is
           by
           his
           Regents
           committed
           to
           the
           Lord
           Boyds
           Brother
           to
           be
           Educated
           in
           the
           Excercise
           of
           Chivalry
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           the
           Boyds
           became
           to
           darken
           all
           others
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           nothing
           being
           done
           without
           them
           ,
           the
           Kenedies
           who
           had
           
           been
           the
           Kings
           best
           Friends
           ,
           seeing
           things
           go
           thus
           left
           the
           Court
           ,
           after
           which
           the
           Glory
           of
           the
           Court
           and
           Country
           suffered
           a
           great
           Eclipse
           .
           The
           Lord
           Boyde
           to
           be
           yet
           higher
           gets
           the
           sole
           Government
           setled
           upon
           himself
           ,
           which
           laid
           the
           Foundation
           of
           his
           ruine
           ,
           and
           not
           satisfied
           with
           this
           ,
           he
           obtains
           his
           Son
           to
           be
           Married
           to
           the
           Kings
           eldest
           Sister
           ,
           this
           highly
           displeased
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Nobility
           that
           his
           ambition
           should
           be
           so
           boundless
           ,
           which
           gave
           matter
           to
           his
           former
           Enemies
           to
           work
           upon
           ,
           all
           oppression
           and
           violence
           is
           winked
           at
           on
           purpose
           at
           last
           they
           procure
           Complaints
           from
           all
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           against
           the
           Boyds
           ,
           which
           made
           the
           Kings
           affection
           begin
           to
           turn
           away
           from
           them
           .
        
         
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1468.
           
           A
           match
           being
           proposed
           and
           agreed
           upon
           between
           the
           King
           and
           Margaret
           Daughter
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           the
           Boyds
           Enemies
           procures
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           who
           had
           Married
           the
           Kings
           Sister
           to
           be
           sent
           to
           bring
           home
           the
           Queen
           ;
           he
           was
           no
           sooner
           gone
           then
           his
           Interest
           at
           Court
           began
           to
           fall
           ,
           for
           a
           Parliament
           being
           called
           ;
           the
           Lord
           Boyd
           and
           his
           Brother
           Sir
           Alexander
           are
           summoned
           to
           appear
           thereupon
           
           he
           distrusting
           this
           Case
           fled
           to
           England
           ,
           but
           his
           Brother
           was
           taken
           and
           Arraigned
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           also
           though
           absent
           is
           declared
           a
           Rebel
           .
           The
           Queen
           arriving
           with
           her
           fleet
           arriving
           in
           the
           Ferth
           ,
           My
           Lady
           Arran
           went
           aboard
           in
           disguise
           and
           informed
           her
           Husband
           of
           the
           calamity
           of
           his
           House
           ,
           perswaded
           him
           to
           do
           for
           himself
           ,
           whereupon
           he
           hoisted
           Sails
           and
           returned
           with
           his
           Lady
           to
           Denmark
           .
           The
           King
           sendeth
           Letters
           full
           of
           promises
           and
           threatnings
           to
           move
           his
           sister
           to
           return
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           which
           when
           she
           did
           she
           was
           constrained
           to
           be
           divorced
           from
           her
           Husband
           ,
           and
           to
           
             Marry
             James
          
           Lord
           Hamilton
           ;
           not
           long
           after
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           dyed
           in
           great
           misery
           at
           Antwerp
           .
        
         
           Queen
           Margaret
           the
           third
           year
           after
           her
           Marriage
           brought
           forth
           a
           Son
           who
           was
           named
           James
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           to
           Congratulate
           the
           happy
           delivery
           of
           his
           Daughter
           ,
           released
           all
           his
           claims
           to
           the
           Isles
           of
           Orkney
           and
           Sherland
           ,
           but
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           this
           calm
           a
           cloud
           begins
           to
           overcast
           the
           Kings
           Splendor
           ,
           for
           his
           Brothers
           being
           Princes
           of
           unquiet
           and
           restless
           spirits
           they
           set
           themselves
           
           altogether
           to
           study
           Novelties
           ,
           and
           to
           bring
           him
           into
           contempt
           with
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           to
           this
           end
           they
           had
           drawn
           away
           many
           of
           the
           young
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           to
           follow
           them
           .
           The
           King
           was
           Naturally
           Superstitious
           ,
           giving
           much
           head
           to
           divinations
           which
           gave
           also
           his
           Brothers
           occasion
           to
           vilifie
           him
           ,
           and
           incense
           his
           people
           against
           him
           ,
           yea
           the
           Earl
           of
           Marre
           became
           so
           Insolent
           that
           in
           the
           Kings
           own
           presence
           ,
           he
           began
           to
           raile
           against
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           state
           and
           Court
           ,
           which
           the
           King
           highly
           resenting
           ,
           caused
           to
           Imprison
           him
           where
           he
           fell
           in
           a
           high
           Fever
           whereof
           he
           dyed
           .
           The
           Duke
           of
           Albany
           imputed
           the
           death
           of
           his
           Brother
           to
           the
           Court
           party
           ,
           but
           while
           he
           was
           keeping
           his
           Cabals
           in
           order
           to
           an
           Insurrection
           ,
           he
           was
           surprised
           and
           Imprisoned
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Edenburgh
           out
           of
           which
           he
           soon
           after
           made
           his
           escape
           to
           France
           ,
           thence
           he
           came
           to
           England
           ,
           and
           began
           to
           tamper
           with
           King
           Edward
           ,
           revealing
           to
           him
           the
           weakness
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           how
           easily
           it
           might
           be
           subdued
           ,
           the
           Nobility
           not
           respecting
           the
           King
           but
           much
           affecting
           a
           change
           in
           the
           Government
           ,
           which
           by
           his
           assistance
           might
           easily
           be
           effected
           ,
           he
           promised
           
           also
           to
           settle
           a
           corespondence
           with
           the
           Nobles
           of
           Scotland
           which
           he
           did
           ,
           then
           that
           they
           might
           get
           their
           design
           wrought
           ,
           gives
           way
           for
           the
           breaking
           loose
           of
           the
           Borders
           ,
           fierce
           incursions
           are
           made
           by
           the
           English
           upon
           Scotland
           and
           by
           the
           Scots
           upon
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           the
           discontented
           Nobility
           blame
           the
           King
           for
           all
           ,
           thereupon
           pretending
           the
           necessity
           of
           the
           times
           and
           the
           danger
           the
           Kingdom
           was
           in
           ,
           they
           entered
           into
           a
           Bond
           of
           association
           after
           which
           they
           enter
           the
           Kings
           bed
           chamber
           ,
           where
           they
           seized
           some
           of
           his
           Servants
           in
           his
           presence
           and
           put
           them
           to
           death
           ,
           as
           incendiaries
           in
           the
           state
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           the
           Duke
           of
           Gloucester
           set
           forward
           toward
           Scotland
           with
           two
           and
           twenty
           thousand
           men
           ,
           finding
           Berwick
           two
           strong
           for
           him
           he
           marches
           directly
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           there
           by
           publick
           writings
           at
           the
           Market
           places
           he
           gave
           out
           high
           demands
           ,
           all
           which
           King
           James
           being
           shut
           up
           in
           Edenburgh
           Castle
           answered
           with
           silence
           ,
           the
           disatisfied
           Lords
           having
           obtained
           what
           they
           chiefly
           aimed
           at
           ,
           wished
           the
           English
           at
           home
           again
           therefore
           they
           desire
           a
           peace
           with
           them
           ,
           which
           the
           Duke
           of
           Gloucester
           granted
           
           upon
           condition
           that
           all
           his
           demands
           were
           satisfied
           (
           one
           of
           which
           was
           to
           reinstall
           the
           Duke
           of
           Albany
           )
           which
           after
           much
           debate
           was
           granted
           and
           he
           with
           his
           Army
           returned
           home
           .
        
         
           The
           Duke
           of
           Albany
           having
           recovered
           his
           Estate
           and
           Honours
           ,
           his
           first
           work
           was
           to
           restore
           the
           King
           to
           his
           Prerogatives
           ,
           reconciling
           him
           to
           his
           discontented
           Lords
           ;
           but
           he
           himself
           stood
           not
           long
           in
           his
           favour
           ,
           for
           by
           the
           advice
           of
           some
           of
           his
           Enemies
           about
           the
           King
           a
           Plot
           is
           resolved
           upon
           to
           bring
           the
           Duke
           within
           compass
           of
           Law
           ,
           which
           he
           being
           aware
           of
           fled
           to
           England
           to
           present
           to
           King
           Edward
           and
           the
           Duke
           of
           Gloucester
           his
           grievancies
           ,
           in
           his
           absence
           he
           is
           convinced
           of
           many
           points
           of
           Treason
           whereupon
           he
           and
           the
           Lord
           Crightton
           his
           Associate
           are
           both
           forfeited
           ,
           which
           when
           he
           heard
           he
           presently
           caused
           to
           give
           up
           the
           Castle
           of
           Dunbar
           ,
           whereof
           he
           was
           Lieutenant
           ,
           to
           King
           Edward
           ,
           who
           immediately
           put
           a
           Garison
           in
           it
           .
           Not
           long
           after
           the
           said
           King
           Edward
           dyed
           ,
           and
           his
           Brother
           Richard
           Duke
           of
           Gloucester
           Succeeded
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Duke
           of
           Albany
           obtains
           five
           hundred
           Horse
           from
           King
           Richard
           with
           which
           he
           came
           with
           the
           old
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           to
           Lochmabban
           to
           surprise
           a
           Fair
           which
           was
           held
           there
           ,
           whereupon
           the
           Laird
           of
           Johnston
           who
           was
           warden
           dispatched
           Posts
           about
           for
           supply
           of
           men
           with
           which
           he
           Encountred
           the
           Duke
           ,
           here
           it
           is
           most
           Couragously
           fought
           on
           both
           sides
           but
           at
           last
           the
           English
           are
           quite
           routed
           ,
           the
           Duke
           hardly
           by
           swiftness
           of
           his
           Horse
           escaped
           ,
           but
           the
           Earl
           of
           Dowglass
           is
           taken
           and
           brought
           in
           Triumph
           to
           Edenburgh
           where
           the
           King
           adjudged
           him
           to
           perpetual
           confinement
           ,
           soon
           after
           followed
           a
           Truce
           with
           England
           for
           three
           years
           ,
           but
           before
           the
           time
           was
           expired
           Henry
           Earl
           of
           Richmond
           came
           with
           some
           Companies
           out
           of
           France
           ,
           (
           of
           which
           that
           Famous
           warriour
           ,
           
             Bernard
             Stewart
          
           ,
           Lord
           Albany
           Brother
           to
           the
           Lord
           Darnly
           had
           the
           leading
           ,
           )
           which
           by
           the
           resort
           of
           his
           Country
           men
           turned
           into
           an
           Army
           and
           Rencountred
           Richard
           at
           Bosworth
           where
           he
           was
           killed
           ,
           and
           Henry
           Proclaimed
           King
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           King
           James
           taking
           advantage
           of
           this
           change
           besieged
           Dunbar
           ,
           which
           was
           soon
           surrendred
           
           upon
           Articles
           .
           After
           this
           King
           Henry
           sent
           Embassadors
           to
           King
           James
           ,
           to
           agree
           if
           possible
           upon
           a
           lasting
           ,
           and
           firm
           Peace
           between
           the
           two
           Crowns
           ,
           at
           length
           after
           some
           difficulty
           they
           agree
           upon
           a
           Truce
           for
           seven
           years
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           having
           settled
           a
           Peace
           with
           England
           ,
           betakes
           himself
           to
           the
           Exercise
           of
           Religion
           ,
           having
           founded
           a
           Colledge
           for
           divine
           Service
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Sterling
           ▪
           he
           endeavoured
           to
           annex
           the
           Priory
           of
           Goldingham
           to
           it
           .
           The
           Priors
           of
           this
           Convent
           ,
           having
           for
           many
           years
           been
           of
           the
           Name
           of
           Humealedged
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           wronged
           of
           their
           Right
           :
           First
           they
           began
           to
           Petition
           ,
           but
           finding
           this
           uneffectual
           ,
           they
           began
           to
           associate
           with
           their
           Neighbours
           ,
           giving
           it
           out
           that
           the
           King
           was
           a
           meer
           Tyrant
           ,
           not
           to
           be
           trusted
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           many
           of
           the
           Hearts
           of
           the
           Subjects
           were
           alienated
           from
           the
           King.
           The
           King
           understanding
           how
           things
           stood
           he
           made
           choice
           of
           a
           Guard
           to
           defend
           his
           Person
           ,
           resolving
           to
           live
           beyond
           the
           River
           Ferth
           ;
           of
           which
           ,
           when
           the
           Lords
           of
           the
           Insurrection
           were
           certified
           ,
           they
           surprize
           the
           Castle
           Dunbar
           ,
           and
           tumultuously
           over-run
           the
           Countries
           ,
           besouth
           
           the
           Ferth
           :
           Thus
           coming
           to
           Lithgow
           ,
           they
           resolved
           to
           make
           the
           Duke
           of
           Rothesay
           the
           Kings
           own
           Son
           their
           Head
           ,
           whom
           having
           corrupted
           his
           Keepers
           with
           Bribes
           ,
           they
           constrained
           to
           go
           with
           them
           .
        
         
           But
           the
           King
           loosing
           neither
           Courage
           ,
           nor
           Councel
           passeth
           the
           Ferth
           ,
           near
           Blackness
           with
           his
           Forces
           ,
           before
           his
           arrival
           at
           this
           place
           ,
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Montross
             ,
             Gleancan
          
           ,
           Lords
           ,
           
             Maxwel
             ,
             Ruthwen
          
           with
           others
           ,
           being
           advertised
           by
           Letters
           came
           to
           him
           ,
           they
           of
           the
           Association
           ,
           having
           the
           Prince
           with
           them
           ,
           to
           add
           Authority
           to
           their
           Quarrel
           .
           Gathered
           from
           all
           Quarters
           ,
           the
           two
           Armies
           being
           in
           readiness
           to
           decide
           their
           Quarrel
           by
           Battel
           ;
           the
           Earl
           of
           Athole
           the
           Kings
           Uncle
           ,
           so
           travelled
           between
           the
           Lords
           of
           either
           Party
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           had
           a
           Suspension
           of
           Arms
           agreed
           on
           .
           The
           Earl
           rendring
           himself
           a
           pledge
           for
           the
           Accomplishment
           of
           the
           Kings
           part
           ,
           of
           the
           Reconcilement
           to
           Lord
           Hails
           .
           Thus
           the
           King
           lost
           a
           good
           opportunity
           ,
           the
           like
           of
           which
           was
           never
           again
           in
           his
           offer
           ,
           for
           the
           Lords
           notwithstanding
           that
           was
           agreed
           upon
           ,
           continued
           very
           troublesome
           to
           the
           Country
           ,
           
           the
           Town
           of
           Edenburgh
           ,
           is
           pestered
           with
           Troops
           of
           armed
           Men.
           The
           King
           warned
           of
           his
           danger
           ,
           fortifies
           the
           Castle
           of
           Edenburgh
           for
           his
           defence
           ;
           then
           he
           sent
           to
           the
           Lords
           ,
           to
           understand
           their
           Intentions
           ,
           and
           what
           they
           meant
           ,
           they
           finding
           their
           offences
           flew
           higher
           than
           hope
           of
           pardon
           could
           reach
           ,
           answered
           that
           nothing
           could
           secure
           them
           ,
           nor
           the
           Kingdom
           until
           he
           had
           divested
           himself
           of
           all
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           resigned
           the
           Crown
           in
           Favour
           of
           his
           Son.
           But
           he
           resolving
           to
           hazard
           all
           rather
           ,
           then
           condescend
           to
           this
           ,
           was
           advised
           by
           some
           of
           his
           Friends
           ,
           to
           retire
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           Sterling
           ,
           where
           his
           Forces
           might
           have
           more
           easie
           Access
           to
           him
           ,
           but
           this
           proved
           a
           a
           fatal
           advice
           for
           coming
           thither
           ,
           the
           Treacherous
           Constable
           denyed
           him
           entrance
           ,
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           News
           came
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           the
           Confederates
           were
           within
           six
           miles
           of
           him
           at
           Falkirk
           .
           The
           King
           to
           make
           a
           Vertue
           of
           necessity
           ,
           resoves
           to
           put
           all
           upon
           the
           hazard
           of
           a
           Battel
           ;
           the
           Confederates
           were
           incamped
           near
           the
           Torwood
           .
           The
           King
           set
           forward
           with
           his
           Army
           upon
           the
           other
           side
           of
           the
           Torwood
           .
           Both
           drew
           up
           in
           a
           plain
           field
           near
           Bannock-burn
           ,
           and
           engaged
           
           most
           desperately
           :
           The
           first
           Charge
           is
           valiantly
           given
           ,
           and
           Lance
           meeting
           with
           Lance
           ,
           the
           Vant-Guard
           of
           the
           Lords
           began
           to
           yield
           ground
           .
           But
           the
           next
           Charge
           being
           given
           by
           Anandale
           Men
           ,
           the
           middle
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           is
           beat
           back
           to
           the
           main
           Battel
           ,
           notwithstanding
           of
           which
           it
           is
           fought
           a
           while
           with
           great
           obstinacy
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           until
           the
           Standard
           Royal
           was
           beaten
           down
           ;
           then
           began
           the
           Kings
           Army
           to
           bow
           the
           Horsemen
           ,
           obeying
           no
           Orders
           ,
           begun
           to
           turn
           their
           backs
           .
           In
           this
           rout
           and
           Confusion
           of
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           ,
           the
           King
           seeking
           to
           retire
           towards
           the
           River
           Ferth
           ,
           by
           the
           fall
           of
           his
           Horse
           in
           leaping
           a
           Ditch
           ,
           being
           sore
           bruised
           ,
           was
           carried
           by
           such
           ,
           who
           knew
           him
           not
           ,
           to
           a
           Well
           at
           Bannock-burn
           ;
           where
           he
           was
           killed
           in
           cold
           Blood
           ,
           by
           Borthwick
           a
           Priest
           with
           some
           others
           ,
           the
           twenty
           ninth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           was
           buried
           at
           Kambush-Kenneth
           .
        
         
           105.
           
           To
           him
           succeeded
           his
           Son
           James
           the
           fourth
           ,
           who
           was
           Crowned
           at
           
             Edenburgh
             ,
             A.
             D.
          
           1489.
           
           Being
           about
           sixteen
           years
           of
           age
           ,
           a
           noble
           and
           Couragious
           Prince
           ,
           and
           Godly
           ;
           the
           beginning
           of
           his
           Government
           was
           most
           uneasie
           ,
           
           the
           Death
           of
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           being
           yet
           recent
           ,
           his
           followers
           resolve
           to
           have
           it
           revenged
           .
           In
           the
           North
           ,
           Alexander
           Lord
           Forbs
           displayed
           the
           Bloody
           shirt
           of
           the
           murthered
           King
           upon
           a
           Lance
           in
           Aberdeen
           ,
           and
           other
           places
           of
           the
           North
           ,
           inviting
           the
           Country
           as
           by
           an
           Herald
           to
           the
           revenge
           of
           his
           Murther
           .
           In
           the
           West
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Lennox
           hath
           the
           same
           resolution
           ;
           also
           the
           Earl
           of
           Marshad
           ,
           Lords
           ,
           Goodore
           and
           Lyle
           ,
           with
           the
           Confederates
           in
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           .
           But
           the
           Lord
           Drumond
           routed
           the
           Earl
           of
           Lennox
           at
           Telliemoss
           ,
           and
           also
           Sir
           
             Andrew
             Wood
          
           ,
           obtained
           a
           considerable
           Victory
           over
           the
           English
           (
           who
           pretended
           to
           revenge
           the
           late
           Kings
           death
           )
           at
           the
           mouth
           of
           Ferth
           .
           The
           Rumor
           of
           these
           Victories
           ,
           so
           amazed
           Forbs
           and
           his
           Confederates
           ,
           that
           they
           laid
           down
           their
           Arms
           ,
           and
           put
           themselves
           into
           the
           Kings
           mercy
           ,
           and
           were
           all
           received
           into
           Favour
           .
        
         
           The
           Lords
           rejoyced
           greatly
           ,
           that
           they
           had
           brought
           things
           to
           this
           pass
           ,
           but
           the
           King
           gave
           no
           sign
           of
           Joy
           ;
           yea
           upon
           the
           contrary
           ,
           to
           give
           a
           Testimony
           to
           the
           World
           ,
           of
           the
           Agony
           of
           his
           mind
           ,
           for
           the
           Death
           of
           his
           Father
           ;
           
           and
           that
           Remorse
           and
           Anguish
           he
           suffered
           for
           the
           Faults
           of
           those
           ,
           who
           brought
           him
           to
           the
           Field
           against
           him
           ,
           he
           girded
           himself
           with
           an
           Iron
           Chain
           ,
           to
           which
           every
           third
           year
           thereafter
           ,
           he
           added
           some
           Rings
           and
           weight
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           he
           lived
           ,
           and
           though
           this
           might
           threaten
           no
           good
           to
           some
           ,
           yet
           they
           pass
           it
           by
           ,
           not
           daring
           to
           Attempt
           ought
           against
           the
           common
           Peace
           .
        
         
           Amidst
           this
           Grief
           and
           Sorrow
           of
           the
           Kings
           ,
           
             Andrew
             Forman
          
           Secretary
           to
           Alexander
           the
           sixth
           Bishop
           of
           Rome
           ,
           arrived
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           with
           Instructions
           to
           the
           Clergy
           ,
           in
           a
           Letter
           ,
           from
           his
           Master
           ,
           to
           the
           King
           and
           Nobles
           ,
           exhorting
           them
           to
           the
           mutual
           Duties
           of
           their
           Stations
           ,
           after
           this
           some
           Head-strong
           Nobility
           dying
           ,
           the
           Country
           enjoyed
           a
           great
           calm
           of
           Peace
           ,
           the
           Seeds
           of
           Dissention
           ,
           seeming
           to
           be
           quite
           taken
           away
           .
           But
           the
           Borders
           keeping
           up
           their
           old
           fewds
           by
           new
           Accessions
           ,
           make
           daily
           Incursions
           one
           upon
           another
           ,
           which
           came
           at
           last
           to
           open
           Hostility
           :
           Whereupon
           King
           James
           enters
           England
           ,
           and
           spoils
           all
           the
           North
           parts
           ,
           and
           returns
           home
           without
           any
           considerable
           Action
           ,
           not
           long
           after
           Ambassadors
           
           came
           from
           England
           ,
           desiring
           a
           Peace
           ;
           which
           is
           granted
           ,
           and
           the
           Commissioners
           for
           both
           sides
           met
           at
           Edenburgh
           ,
           where
           many
           Articles
           and
           conditions
           of
           the
           peace
           were
           hotly
           disputed
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Englishe's
           demands
           was
           an
           Interview
           between
           the
           two
           Kings
           at
           Newcastle
           ,
           which
           being
           referred
           to
           King
           James
           his
           own
           arbitrement
           ,
           he
           answered
           ,
           that
           he
           meant
           to
           treat
           of
           a
           Peace
           ,
           but
           not
           to
           go
           a
           Begging
           for
           it
           .
        
         
           Much
           being
           said
           at
           last
           they
           conclude
           upon
           a
           Peace
           for
           some
           Months
           following
           ;
           after
           which
           followed
           a
           match
           between
           King
           James
           of
           Scotland
           with
           Lady
           Margaret
           the
           King
           of
           Englands
           Eldest
           Daughter
           ,
           which
           was
           consummated
           at
           Edenburgh
           .
           King
           Henry
           bringeth
           his
           Daughter
           as
           far
           as
           Cokebiston
           in
           the
           way
           ,
           and
           then
           resigning
           her
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           who
           with
           a
           great
           train
           of
           Lords
           and
           Ladys
           brought
           her
           to
           Edenburgh
           to
           the
           King
           her
           Husband
           ,
           where
           they
           for
           some
           days
           ,
           were
           taken
           up
           with
           nothing
           but
           Banqueting
           ,
           masks
           ,
           and
           Tilting
           ,
           with
           such
           other
           exercises
           ;
           by
           this
           means
           the
           King
           wasted
           his
           Treasures
           greatly
           ;
           then
           some
           of
           them
           set
           their
           wits
           awork
           ,
           to
           squeeze
           the
           Subjects
           
           for
           Money
           ,
           which
           occasioned
           great
           murmurings
           among
           the
           Poor
           .
        
         
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1507.
           
           James
           Prince
           of
           Scotland
           and
           the
           Isles
           ,
           was
           born
           at
           Holy-Rood-house
           the
           one
           and
           twentyth
           of
           January
           but
           he
           soon
           after
           dyed
           at
           Sterling
           ,
           the
           year
           following
           ,
           the
           Queen
           brought
           forth
           another
           Son
           named
           Arthur
           ,
           but
           he
           dyed
           also
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Edenburgh
           .
           Then
           she
           brought
           forth
           her
           third
           Son
           at
           Linlithgow
           ,
           who
           Succeeded
           to
           the
           Crown
           and
           was
           named
           James
           .
        
         
           About
           the
           same
           time
           
             Bernard
             Stewart
          
           came
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           intreating
           that
           King
           James
           would
           make
           War
           with
           King
           Henry
           of
           England
           ,
           to
           keep
           him
           from
           molesting
           France
           ,
           which
           at
           last
           he
           obtained
           :
           then
           began
           they
           to
           go
           to
           their
           old
           work
           of
           making
           incursions
           one
           upon
           another
           ,
           till
           at
           last
           it
           breaks
           out
           to
           an
           open
           War.
           Whilst
           King
           James
           staied
           at
           Linlithgow
           attending
           the
           gathering
           of
           an
           Army
           ,
           now
           ready
           to
           set
           forward
           ,
           as
           he
           was
           at
           his
           Devotion
           an
           Ancient
           man
           came
           in
           ,
           in
           a
           very
           strange
           and
           Majestick
           manner
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           comly
           and
           reverent
           aspect
           ,
           who
           having
           enquired
           for
           the
           King
           ,
           he
           intruded
           himself
           Prease
           ,
           passing
           through
           
           till
           he
           eame
           to
           him
           with
           a
           Clounish
           Simplicity
           ,
           leaning
           over
           the
           Canons
           Seat
           where
           the
           King
           Sat
           :
           Sir
           (
           said
           he
           )
           I
           am
           sent
           hither
           to
           intreat
           you
           for
           this
           time
           to
           delay
           your
           expedition
           ,
           and
           to
           proceed
           no
           farther
           in
           your
           intended
           Journey
           .
           
             For
             if
             you
             do
             ,
             you
             shall
             not
             prosper
             in
             your
             Enterprize
             ,
             nor
             any
             of
             your
             Followers
             .
             I
             am
             further
             Charged
             to
             warn
             you
             ,
             if
             you
             be
             so
             Refractory
             as
             to
             go
             forward
             ,
             not
             to
             use
             the
             Acquaintance
             ,
             Company
             ,
             or
             Councel
             of
             Women
             ,
             as
             you
             tender
             your
             Honour
             ,
             Life
             and
             Estate
             .
          
           Having
           delivered
           his
           Commission
           ,
           he
           withdrew
           himself
           among
           the
           croud
           ,
           but
           could
           never
           be
           seen
           again
           ;
           the
           Queen
           also
           did
           greatly
           shake
           his
           resolutions
           with
           her
           Tears
           and
           Prayers
           ,
           acquainting
           him
           with
           the
           Visions
           and
           affrightments
           of
           her
           sleep
           ,
           but
           he
           laughed
           at
           all
           these
           fancies
           ,
           thinking
           them
           to
           be
           only
           the
           contrivance
           of
           such
           as
           hated
           the
           French
           and
           loved
           the
           English
           faction
           ,
           so
           he
           gave
           present
           Orders
           to
           his
           Army
           to
           March
           over
           the
           Tweed
           ,
           not
           staying
           till
           his
           whole
           Forces
           came
           to
           him
           ,
           though
           they
           were
           upon
           their
           March
           ,
           yet
           for
           all
           his
           hast
           when
           once
           he
           had
           passed
           the
           River
           ,
           he
           trifled
           away
           his
           time
           so
           idly
           ,
           that
           many
           of
           his
           Souldiers
           wanting
           necessarie
           
           provision
           returned
           home
           ,
           which
           the
           Nobility
           seeing
           ,
           advised
           the
           King
           to
           returne
           also
           :
           having
           spoiled
           that
           Country
           sufficiently
           already
           ,
           but
           he
           would
           hear
           no
           such
           advice
           ,
           though
           at
           last
           his
           Army
           was
           brought
           so
           low
           that
           he
           had
           none
           almost
           left
           but
           the
           Nobility
           and
           their
           Attendants
           .
           The
           English
           Army
           Commanded
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Surrey
           consisting
           of
           twenty
           eight
           thousand
           men
           ,
           were
           come
           by
           this
           time
           within
           three
           miles
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           where
           the
           Scotish
           army
           was
           incamped
           ,
           which
           made
           them
           draw
           to
           their
           arms
           .
           The
           Earl
           of
           Surreys
           Vanguard
           ,
           passed
           the
           water
           of
           Till
           at
           Twysel
           Bridge
           ,
           King
           James
           seeing
           them
           pass
           the
           water
           imagineth
           that
           they
           intended
           to
           gain
           a
           hill
           between
           his
           Camp
           and
           them
           .
           To
           prevent
           which
           ,
           he
           removed
           to
           another
           Hill
           ;
           whilst
           the
           Scotish
           Army
           was
           removing
           ,
           the
           English
           advance
           to
           the
           foot
           of
           Flondon
           Hill.
           
        
         
           The
           fatal
           hour
           of
           the
           two
           armies
           approaching
           one
           another
           ,
           the
           English
           draw
           up
           in
           good
           order
           in
           two
           Battels
           ,
           one
           of
           which
           was
           equal
           in
           number
           to
           the
           whole
           Scotish
           army
           ,
           the
           Scots
           by
           their
           fewness
           of
           number
           ,
           not
           being
           able
           to
           Order
           many
           Battalions
           ,
           Marshal
           themselves
           in
           four
           ,
           three
           of
           which
           to
           enter
           the
           Fight
           ,
           and
           the
           fourth
           to
           attend
           
           for
           supply
           :
           the
           King
           commanded
           the
           middle
           ,
           or
           main
           Battel
           ;
           the
           Earl
           of
           Huntly
           ,
           the
           Right
           wing
           ,
           and
           the
           Earls
           of
           Cranford
           ,
           and
           Montross
           the
           left
           ;
           the
           third
           Battalion
           was
           commanded
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Lennox
           ,
           and
           the
           Earl
           of
           Argyle
           ,
           and
           the
           reserved
           ,
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Bothwel
           .
        
         
           The
           Earl
           of
           Huntly
           making
           down
           the
           Hill
           ,
           where
           they
           incamped
           ,
           encountred
           a
           wing
           of
           the
           English
           Van
           ,
           led
           by
           Sir
           
             Edmund
             Howard
          
           ;
           which
           after
           a
           furious
           and
           long
           Fight
           ,
           he
           put
           to
           flight
           ,
           the
           Battalion
           led
           by
           the
           Earls
           of
           Lennox
           &
           Argyle
           (
           being
           High-Land
           Men
           )
           incouraged
           with
           this
           glance
           of
           Victory
           loosing
           their
           Ranks
           ,
           brake
           furiously
           upon
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           invading
           them
           in
           the
           Face
           of
           them
           ;
           they
           were
           not
           only
           valiantly
           received
           ,
           but
           Hedged
           in
           on
           all
           hands
           ,
           and
           miserably
           destroyed
           .
           The
           main
           Battel
           which
           the
           King
           led
           ,
           being
           joyned
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Bothwel
           ,
           fought
           it
           out
           couragiously
           Body
           against
           Body
           ,
           and
           Sword
           to
           Sword
           ;
           great
           numbers
           falling
           upon
           both
           sides
           ,
           till
           the
           darkness
           of
           the
           Night
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           by
           mutual
           Consent
           ,
           forced
           a
           Retreat
           ;
           neither
           of
           them
           knowing
           unto
           whom
           Victory
           pertained
           .
        
         
           Many
           brave
           Scots
           did
           here
           fall
           ,
           esteemed
           to
           be
           above
           five
           thousand
           of
           the
           Noblest
           
           and
           worthiest
           Families
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           neither
           was
           the
           loss
           of
           the
           English
           less
           in
           number
           ,
           but
           most
           part
           of
           them
           being
           common
           Soldiers
           ,
           was
           thought
           little
           of
           :
           About
           the
           dawning
           of
           the
           next
           Morning
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Dacres
           with
           his
           Troops
           ,
           taking
           a
           view
           of
           the
           Field
           ,
           and
           seeing
           the
           Brazen
           Ordnance
           of
           the
           Scots
           ,
           not
           carried
           off
           ,
           sendeth
           speedy
           Advertisement
           to
           the
           pensive
           Army
           ,
           inviting
           all
           to
           the
           setting
           up
           of
           Trophies
           .
        
         
           What
           the
           Kings
           fate
           was
           ,
           is
           uncertain
           ,
           the
           English
           hold
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           killed
           in
           this
           Battel
           ;
           the
           Scots
           ,
           that
           many
           in
           like
           Arms
           ,
           with
           the
           like
           Guards
           ,
           were
           killed
           ,
           every
           one
           of
           which
           was
           taken
           for
           the
           King
           :
           Among
           others
           ,
           Alexander
           Lord
           Elphingston
           ,
           one
           of
           his
           Favourites
           ,
           being
           not
           unlike
           the
           King
           in
           Face
           and
           Stature
           ,
           and
           representing
           him
           in
           his
           Armour
           in
           the
           Field
           ,
           with
           the
           Valiantest
           ,
           and
           most
           Couragious
           of
           the
           Army
           fought
           it
           out
           ,
           and
           Acting
           heroically
           his
           part
           as
           a
           King
           ,
           was
           killed
           ,
           heaps
           of
           dead
           Bodies
           invironing
           his
           .
           In
           the
           search
           ,
           where
           the
           fight
           was
           ,
           the
           number
           ,
           Tallness
           ,
           and
           the
           Furniture
           of
           the
           dead
           Bodies
           being
           observed
           ,
           their
           Faces
           ,
           and
           Wounds
           
           viewed
           ,
           His
           Body
           as
           if
           it
           yet
           breathed
           Majesty
           ,
           was
           amidst
           the
           others
           selected
           ,
           thought
           to
           be
           his
           Master
           ,
           brought
           to
           Berwick
           and
           imbalmed
           .
           That
           it
           was
           not
           the
           Kings
           Body
           ,
           his
           Iron
           Chain
           which
           he
           always
           wore
           ,
           and
           was
           not
           there
           found
           about
           him
           ,
           gave
           Testimony
           .
        
         
           Others
           have
           recorded
           ,
           that
           the
           Fortune
           of
           the
           day
           inclining
           to
           the
           English
           ;
           four
           Tall
           men
           mounted
           upon
           lusty
           Horses
           ,
           wearing
           upon
           the
           tops
           of
           their
           Lances
           for
           Cognizance
           ,
           Streamers
           of
           Straw
           ,
           mounting
           the
           King
           upon
           a
           Sorrel
           Hackney
           ,
           conveyed
           him
           far
           from
           the
           place
           of
           fight
           ,
           and
           after
           that
           he
           was
           seen
           beyond
           the
           Tweed
           ,
           between
           Kelso
           and
           Dunce
           ,
           after
           which
           ,
           what
           became
           of
           him
           was
           uncertain
           .
           Many
           think
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           killed
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Hume
           ,
           either
           by
           Intelligence
           ,
           between
           the
           English
           and
           the
           Humes
           ,
           or
           
           in
           hopes
           of
           great
           Fortunes
           ,
           which
           would
           follow
           Innovations
           ,
           and
           Confusions
           in
           the
           State.
           To
           this
           is
           added
           ,
           that
           one
           Carbreth
           in
           the
           time
           of
           John
           Duke
           of
           Albanies
           Government
           ,
           vaunted
           ,
           that
           however
           the
           Governour
           wronged
           the
           Humes
           ,
           yet
           he
           was
           one
           of
           those
           who
           had
           abated
           the
           Insolency
           of
           King
           James
           ,
           and
           made
           him
           know
           that
           he
           was
           a
           Mortal
           ,
           all
           which
           ,
           increased
           the
           Suspicion
           of
           many
           .
           The
           Governour
           not
           long
           after
           ,
           cut
           off
           the
           Heads
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Hume
           and
           his
           Brother
           ,
           without
           any
           known
           cause
           .
           This
           noble
           Prince
           was
           lost
           the
           twenty
           fifth
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           .
        
         
           106.
           
           The
           fatal
           overthrow
           of
           the
           King
           and
           Nobility
           ,
           filled
           the
           remnant
           of
           the
           State
           with
           great
           sorrow
           and
           perplexity
           ;
           the
           Heads
           and
           fairest
           parts
           ,
           which
           Majesty
           ,
           Authority
           and
           Wisdom
           had
           made
           eminent
           ,
           were
           cut
           off
           ,
           and
           nothing
           
           but
           some
           turbulent
           Church-men
           ,
           Orphan-Noblemen
           ,
           and
           timerous
           Citizens
           ,
           left
           to
           fill
           their
           Room
           .
           In
           this
           maze
           of
           perplexity
           ,
           James
           the
           Prince
           is
           set
           upon
           the
           Throne
           ,
           
             A.
             D.
          
           1514.
           
           And
           is
           committed
           to
           the
           Tutelage
           of
           his
           Mother
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Realm
           .
        
         
           But
           the
           Government
           of
           a
           Woman
           and
           a
           Child
           ,
           over
           a
           Head-strong
           People
           ,
           could
           not
           stand
           long
           firm
           :
           A
           hot
           Contest
           arose
           among
           the
           Clergy
           for
           the
           Archbishop-Prick
           of
           S.
           Andrews
           ;
           three
           being
           put
           in
           at
           one
           time
           ,
           one
           by
           the
           Pope
           ,
           another
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           a
           third
           by
           the
           Chapter
           ;
           the
           State
           was
           in
           as
           bad
           Case
           ;
           Alexander
           ▪
           Lord
           Gordon
           usurping
           almost
           a
           Royal
           Authority
           ,
           over
           the
           Countries
           benorth
           the
           Ferth
           ,
           as
           the
           Lord
           Hume
           also
           did
           ,
           upon
           the
           South-side
           .
           The
           Queen
           seeing
           her
           Authority
           contemned
           ,
           privately
           ,
           Marries
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           ;
           
           looking
           upon
           him
           ,
           as
           one
           who
           could
           Protect
           her
           ,
           and
           hers
           in
           Extremity
           ;
           but
           this
           Match
           instead
           of
           heightning
           ,
           weakened
           her
           Interest
           ;
           the
           Nobility
           dividing
           in
           two
           Factions
           ,
           the
           one
           pleading
           for
           the
           Earl
           of
           Douglass
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           opposing
           him
           (
           thinking
           him
           too
           high
           already
           )
           made
           choice
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           ,
           but
           a
           third
           party
           steps
           in
           ,
           of
           whom
           the
           Lord
           Chamberlain
           was
           Chief
           ,
           who
           carried
           the
           choice
           from
           both
           ;
           pitching
           upon
           John
           Duke
           of
           Albany
           :
           When
           King
           Henry
           heard
           ,
           that
           this
           Gentleman
           was
           like
           to
           carry
           the
           Day
           ,
           he
           writes
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           remonstrating
           to
           them
           ,
           how
           dangerous
           this
           choice
           might
           prove
           to
           their
           State
           :
           Yet
           notwithstanding
           of
           all
           that
           could
           be
           said
           ,
           they
           adhered
           to
           their
           choice
           ,
           and
           sent
           to
           France
           to
           call
           home
           the
           Duke
           of
           Albany
           ,
           who
           furnished
           with
           all
           necessaries
           by
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           with
           eight
           well
           Rigg'd
           Ships
           ,
           takes
           the
           
           Seas
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Month
           of
           May
           ,
           arrived
           upon
           the
           West-coasts
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           from
           whence
           with
           a
           great
           retinue
           of
           the
           Nobles
           and
           Barons
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           by
           easie
           Journies
           ,
           the
           Queen
           meeting
           him
           ,
           he
           came
           to
           the
           Town
           of
           Edenburgh
           ,
           where
           he
           is
           restored
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           to
           his
           Fathers
           inheritance
           .
        
         
           At
           the
           Presence
           of
           this
           new
           Governour
           ,
           the
           Face
           of
           the
           State
           turned
           more
           beautiful
           ;
           Oppression
           is
           restrained
           ,
           Justice
           sincerely
           executed
           ;
           the
           Governour
           not
           willing
           to
           listen
           to
           every
           mans
           Advice
           ,
           gave
           himself
           to
           follow
           the
           Councel
           of
           
             John
             Hepburn
          
           Prior
           of
           S.
           Andrews
           ;
           this
           man
           being
           of
           a
           subtle
           mind
           ,
           Malicious
           and
           Crafty
           ,
           represented
           to
           him
           things
           as
           he
           pleased
           ,
           representing
           the
           Factiousness
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           naming
           several
           ,
           whom
           he
           said
           the
           Kingdom
           could
           not
           bear
           .
           Among
           others
           ,
           he
           gave
           out
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Chamberlain
           to
           be
           a
           man
           
           unpolish'd
           ,
           Stubbornly
           Stout
           ,
           mighty
           in
           Riches
           ,
           and
           Power
           ,
           of
           a
           working
           Mind
           ,
           and
           vehement
           Spirit
           ▪
           that
           he
           spoke
           against
           the
           Chamberlain
           ,
           &c.
           
           The
           Governour
           did
           presently
           lay
           hold
           on
           this
           ,
           and
           changed
           in
           his
           affection
           toward
           him
           ,
           which
           the
           Chamberlain
           perceiving
           ,
           could
           not
           but
           reflect
           upon
           the
           Governours
           ingratitude
           ;
           wherefore
           he
           resolved
           to
           Face
           about
           ,
           and
           striking
           in
           with
           the
           Queen
           and
           her
           Husband
           ,
           became
           very
           intimate
           with
           them
           ,
           he
           represented
           to
           them
           what
           hazard
           the
           Prince
           was
           in
           ,
           the
           Governour
           being
           a
           man
           of
           such
           an
           unsatiable
           Spirit
           ,
           that
           nothing
           but
           the
           Crown
           could
           set
           bounds
           to
           his
           Ambition
           :
           Advising
           the
           Queen
           to
           think
           of
           a
           way
           to
           prevent
           it
           ;
           they
           concluded
           at
           last
           ,
           that
           their
           only
           safety
           would
           be
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen
           would
           transport
           her
           Son
           to
           England
           .
        
         
           But
           as
           privately
           as
           the
           business
           
           was
           managed
           ,
           it
           came
           to
           the
           Governours
           ears
           ,
           who
           presently
           sent
           a
           Troop
           of
           Horse
           ,
           who
           surprized
           the
           Castle
           of
           Sterling
           ,
           and
           in
           it
           the
           Queen
           with
           her
           two
           Sons
           .
           The
           Prince
           and
           his
           Brother
           are
           sequestred
           from
           their
           Mother
           ,
           and
           committed
           to
           the
           keeping
           of
           four
           Noblemen
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           Queen
           ,
           her
           Husband
           ,
           and
           the
           Chamberlain
           ,
           with
           many
           others
           mis-trust-ing
           the
           Governour
           ,
           fly
           to
           England
           ;
           their
           sudden
           departure
           perplexed
           the
           Court
           exceedingly
           ,
           which
           moved
           the
           Governour
           to
           write
           to
           King
           Henry
           ,
           representing
           to
           him
           ,
           how
           little
           reason
           they
           had
           from
           him
           to
           depart
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           earnestly
           declaring
           his
           respects
           to
           the
           Queen
           ;
           and
           that
           if
           she
           ,
           and
           all
           that
           were
           with
           her
           should
           please
           to
           return
           ,
           she
           should
           be
           very
           welcom
           ;
           they
           hoping
           that
           they
           were
           sincere
           ,
           at
           last
           were
           moved
           to
           yield
           to
           his
           desires
           ,
           but
           when
           once
           he
           had
           got
           them
           within
           the
           Country
           ,
           he
           resolved
           
           to
           be
           revenged
           upon
           them
           ;
           this
           bred
           new
           Confusions
           ,
           for
           some
           of
           the
           Lords
           being
           imprisoned
           ,
           their
           Friends
           break
           very
           loose
           ,
           the
           Country
           is
           daily
           pestered
           and
           impoverished
           ,
           by
           Incursions
           and
           Inroads
           ,
           till
           at
           last
           after
           great
           loss
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           they
           come
           to
           an
           Agreement
           ,
           which
           was
           followed
           with
           the
           renewing
           of
           the
           Truce
           with
           England
           for
           some
           Months
           .
        
         
           All
           things
           being
           thus
           seemingly
           calmed
           ,
           both
           at
           home
           and
           abroad
           ,
           the
           forementioned
           Prior
           of
           S.
           Andrews
           ,
           begins
           to
           perswade
           the
           Governour
           ,
           that
           all
           his
           indeavours
           to
           settle
           the
           Realm
           ,
           would
           prove
           vain
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           the
           Earl
           of
           Hume
           was
           alive
           ,
           whom
           neither
           rewards
           could
           soften
           ,
           nor
           Honours
           and
           preferments
           make
           constant
           ,
           upon
           this
           the
           Governour
           begins
           to
           contrive
           how
           to
           get
           the
           Earl
           secured
           ;
           wherefore
           he
           came
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           and
           called
           a
           Convention
           of
           
           the
           states
           ,
           having
           intreated
           the
           Earl
           of
           Humes
           Friends
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           not
           fail
           to
           be
           there
           ,
           the
           matters
           to
           be
           determined
           ,
           concerned
           him
           dearly
           .
        
         
           The
           Earl
           of
           Hume
           with
           his
           brother
           David
           came
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           the
           Night
           ,
           before
           the
           Day
           appointed
           ,
           who
           were
           received
           by
           the
           Governour
           with
           great
           Ceremonies
           ,
           and
           with
           more
           than
           ordinary
           Favours
           entertained
           ,
           and
           shortly
           after
           ,
           both
           imprisoned
           ,
           and
           a
           day
           appointed
           for
           their
           Tryal
           :
           The
           first
           thing
           laid
           to
           their
           Charge
           ,
           was
           the
           death
           of
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           whom
           several
           Witnesses
           proved
           to
           have
           been
           seen
           coming
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           Hume
           ,
           from
           Flondon
           ;
           this
           not
           being
           proved
           by
           pregnant
           Evidences
           ,
           he
           was
           accused
           of
           several
           other
           points
           of
           Treason
           ,
           of
           which
           he
           not
           being
           able
           to
           clear
           himself
           to
           their
           satisfaction
           ;
           the
           Judges
           prepared
           and
           directed
           by
           the
           Governour
           ;
           pronounce
           
           him
           and
           his
           Brother
           guilty
           ,
           and
           Condemn
           them
           to
           have
           their
           Heads
           chopt
           off
           ;
           which
           Sentence
           was
           the
           next
           day
           put
           in
           Execution
           ,
           and
           their
           Heads
           fixt
           upon
           the
           most
           Conspicuous
           places
           of
           the
           City
           .
           This
           Calamity
           of
           the
           Family
           of
           the
           Humes
           ,
           bred
           Terrour
           and
           Astonishment
           in
           many
           of
           the
           Noblemen
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           greatly
           estranged
           their
           Hearts
           from
           the
           Governour
           .
        
         
           Ambassadors
           being
           sent
           from
           France
           ,
           to
           renew
           the
           Ancient
           League
           between
           the
           two
           Countries
           :
           The
           Governour
           was
           chosen
           by
           the
           Nobility
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           to
           pass
           into
           France
           for
           accomplishing
           this
           solemn
           Action
           .
           He
           was
           no
           sooner
           gone
           ,
           but
           the
           Queen
           after
           she
           had
           stayed
           a
           year
           in
           England
           ,
           Honourably
           dismissed
           by
           her
           Brother
           came
           to
           Scotland
           :
           Sir
           
             Anthony
             Darcy
          
           ,
           being
           by
           the
           Governour
           made
           Warden
           of
           the
           Mers
           ,
           and
           
           Lothian
           ,
           was
           slain
           by
           Sir
           
             David
             Hume
          
           of
           Wedderburn
           ,
           coming
           to
           Dunce
           ,
           to
           hold
           a
           Justice
           Court
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           was
           declared
           Supream
           Warden
           ,
           of
           the
           Marches
           ,
           who
           soundly
           revenged
           Darcies
           Death
           upon
           the
           Humes
           .
        
         
           The
           Kingdom
           now
           began
           to
           be
           sensible
           of
           the
           offence
           of
           the
           Governour
           ;
           Factions
           increasing
           daily
           ,
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           deciding
           their
           Rights
           by
           their
           Swords
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           ,
           who
           was
           Provost
           of
           Edenburgh
           ,
           having
           been
           with
           the
           Prince
           at
           Dalkeith
           upon
           his
           return
           had
           the
           Gates
           shut
           upon
           him
           ;
           the
           Citizens
           pretending
           that
           ,
           he
           intended
           to
           invade
           their
           Priviledges
           :
           Whereupon
           followed
           a
           Tumult
           in
           the
           City
           ,
           which
           continued
           all
           Night
           ,
           where
           a
           Deacon
           of
           the
           Crafts
           was
           killed
           by
           one
           of
           the
           Hamiltons
           ,
           which
           did
           quite
           alienate
           the
           
           Citizens
           affection
           ,
           from
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           ;
           and
           made
           them
           incline
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           ;
           this
           made
           the
           Earls
           of
           Arran
           ,
           and
           Angus
           begin
           to
           cross
           each
           other
           :
           Whereupon
           followed
           much
           Confusion
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           much
           Blood-shed
           between
           the
           Douglasses
           and
           the
           Hamiltons
           ;
           at
           last
           having
           encountred
           one
           another
           with
           their
           followers
           ,
           at
           Edenburgh
           they
           fight
           most
           desperately
           in
           the
           Street
           ,
           till
           at
           length
           the
           Hamiltons
           were
           forced
           to
           retire
           ,
           having
           left
           above
           fourscore
           of
           their
           number
           dead
           upon
           the
           Street
           .
           These
           broils
           coming
           to
           the
           Governours
           ears
           in
           France
           ,
           he
           made
           all
           the
           haste
           he
           could
           home
           ;
           coming
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           he
           set
           himself
           to
           amend
           the
           Enormities
           ,
           committed
           in
           his
           absence
           :
           a
           Parliament
           is
           called
           ,
           to
           which
           many
           Noblemen
           and
           Gentlemen
           are
           cited
           to
           appear
           and
           answer
           ,
           but
           some
           fearing
           the
           Event
           appeared
           not
           :
           Whereupon
           their
           Estates
           are
           
           forfeited
           ;
           several
           fled
           into
           England
           ,
           among
           which
           were
           the
           Humes
           ,
           and
           the
           Cockburns
           ,
           who
           were
           the
           Authors
           of
           Darcies
           death
           ,
           others
           submitted
           and
           were
           pardoned
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           of
           England
           being
           informed
           of
           the
           Condition
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           sent
           thither
           an
           Embassador
           requiring
           the
           Duke
           to
           avoid
           the
           Country
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Articles
           agreed
           upon
           ,
           between
           him
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           of
           France
           in
           their
           last
           Truce
           .
           To
           which
           he
           answered
           ,
           that
           what
           the
           Kings
           of
           France
           and
           England
           agreed
           upon
           in
           their
           Treaties
           of
           Peace
           ,
           was
           to
           him
           uncertain
           ,
           but
           of
           this
           he
           was
           most
           certain
           that
           neither
           the
           King
           of
           England
           nor
           France
           ,
           had
           Power
           to
           Banish
           him
           (
           a
           Foraigner
           over
           them
           where
           Authority
           did
           not
           reach
           ,
           )
           his
           Native
           Country
           ,
           like
           over
           like
           having
           no
           Jurisdiction
           .
        
         
           Whereupon
           King
           Henry
           gathered
           
           a
           great
           Army
           to
           Invade
           Scotland
           .
           Now
           they
           draw
           to
           Arms
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           the
           Governour
           marches
           with
           his
           Army
           to
           Carlile
           ,
           where
           he
           pitched
           his
           Camp
           upon
           the
           River
           Esk
           ,
           this
           struck
           great
           Terror
           to
           the
           Citizens
           of
           Carlile
           ,
           who
           offered
           him
           divers
           presents
           for
           their
           safety
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           which
           were
           rejected
           ,
           but
           the
           Nobility
           refusing
           to
           go
           upon
           English
           ground
           (
           suspecting
           that
           the
           Governour
           only
           played
           the
           Game
           of
           the
           French
           )
           he
           was
           forced
           to
           come
           to
           a
           Truce
           .
           However
           the
           Governour
           resolving
           to
           be
           revenged
           upon
           England
           ,
           went
           to
           France
           where
           he
           obtained
           from
           the
           King
           ,
           Three
           Thousand
           Pikes
           ,
           and
           One
           Thousand
           Lances
           ,
           with
           which
           he
           returned
           home
           ,
           and
           having
           raised
           an
           Army
           with
           them
           he
           Marches
           to
           England
           ,
           and
           Besieges
           Wark
           ,
           but
           is
           Repulsed
           ;
           whereupon
           much
           against
           his
           will
           ,
           a
           Truce
           for
           some
           Months
           is
           concluded
           on
           .
        
         
         
           Soon
           after
           ,
           the
           Administration
           of
           the
           Government
           was
           put
           upon
           the
           Prince
           himself
           ,
           the
           Thirteenth
           Year
           of
           his
           age
           ;
           the
           Governour
           returning
           to
           France
           ,
           after
           which
           he
           never
           returned
           to
           Scotland
           .
           A
           Parliament
           is
           called
           ,
           wherein
           a
           Peace
           is
           concluded
           with
           England
           ,
           and
           eight
           Lords
           appointed
           to
           have
           the
           Custody
           of
           the
           Kings
           Person
           quarterly
           .
           Embassadors
           were
           sent
           to
           England
           ,
           to
           treat
           for
           a
           Marriage
           between
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           of
           Englands
           Daughter
           ,
           which
           came
           to
           nothing
           .
           The
           State
           began
           of
           New
           to
           be
           tossed
           with
           the
           troublesom
           factions
           of
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           ;
           the
           Queens
           Faction
           accused
           Angus
           of
           High
           Treason
           ,
           for
           detaining
           the
           King
           against
           his
           will
           :
           to
           which
           the
           Earl
           moved
           the
           King
           to
           give
           an
           answer
           ,
           shewing
           that
           he
           was
           not
           kept
           against
           his
           will.
           But
           with
           all
           sent
           another
           Letter
           secretly
           ,
           desiring
           by
           any
           means
           he
           might
           be
           removed
           
           from
           the
           Earl
           ;
           upon
           this
           advertisment
           ,
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           they
           of
           her
           Faction
           Assemble
           what
           Forces
           they
           could
           raise
           ,
           and
           with
           great
           expedition
           marched
           from
           Sterling
           to
           Edenburgh
           .
           The
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           ,
           with
           the
           Citizens
           of
           Edenburgh
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           (
           though
           against
           his
           will
           )
           Marched
           out
           against
           them
           ,
           when
           the
           Leaders
           of
           the
           Queens
           Forces
           understood
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           himself
           was
           in
           Person
           in
           the
           advers
           Army
           they
           would
           advance
           no
           farther
           ,
           but
           retired
           back
           again
           to
           Sterling
           ,
           where
           they
           Disbanded
           ,
           and
           returned
           every
           man
           to
           his
           own
           dwelling
           place
           ;
           presently
           after
           the
           Queen
           sues
           for
           a
           Divorce
           from
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           ,
           which
           the
           Archbishop
           of
           S.
           Andrews
           granted
           with
           the
           Earls
           own
           consent
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           wearied
           of
           his
           confinement
           in
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           his
           custody
           ,
           consults
           with
           the
           Lord
           of
           Buccleugh
           ,
           and
           some
           Borderers
           ,
           how
           
           he
           might
           be
           set
           at
           Liberty
           ;
           they
           Essayed
           it
           by
           Arms
           at
           Melross
           ,
           but
           were
           put
           to
           the
           worst
           ,
           then
           the
           Earl
           of
           Lenox
           undertook
           it
           ,
           and
           raised
           some
           Forces
           for
           that
           end
           ,
           but
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           having
           gotten
           the
           assistance
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           ,
           with
           several
           others
           ,
           quite
           routed
           him
           near
           Costerphin
           where
           he
           was
           killed
           in
           cold
           Blood.
           
        
         
           Now
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           thinks
           himself
           secure
           enough
           ,
           having
           put
           all
           things
           in
           (
           as
           he
           thought
           )
           to
           rights
           ,
           he
           takes
           a
           progress
           to
           Lothian
           ,
           leaving
           the
           King
           at
           Faulkland
           .
           Now
           the
           King
           amidst
           his
           Solitary
           walks
           in
           his
           Park
           ,
           bethinks
           himself
           what
           a
           fair
           oportunity
           he
           had
           ,
           resolved
           to
           essay
           by
           stratagem
           what
           the
           Factions
           of
           his
           Nobles
           could
           not
           perform
           by
           Force
           ,
           thereupon
           he
           directeth
           the
           Forester
           of
           the
           Park
           to
           advertise
           such
           Gentlemen
           about
           as
           kept
           Hounds
           ,
           to
           attend
           
           him
           next
           Morning
           ,
           for
           he
           would
           have
           his
           Sport
           early
           ;
           he
           Suppeth
           sooner
           then
           he
           used
           ,
           Commanding
           all
           to
           their
           rest
           ;
           the
           waiters
           all
           shifted
           ,
           and
           the
           Court
           hush'd
           ,
           shutting
           his
           Camber
           door
           ,
           in
           the
           Apparel
           of
           one
           of
           his
           Grooms
           ,
           unperceived
           ,
           he
           passed
           the
           Guards
           to
           the
           stable
           ,
           where
           with
           two
           who
           attended
           him
           with
           ready
           Horses
           ,
           he
           posted
           to
           Sterline
           ,
           where
           many
           of
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           flocking
           to
           him
           ,
           he
           discharged
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           from
           all
           Publick
           Offices
           ,
           whereat
           he
           was
           so
           exasperated
           ,
           that
           he
           and
           his
           Friends
           ,
           followed
           very
           extravagant
           Courses
           ,
           but
           the
           King
           pursued
           them
           so
           ,
           that
           after
           much
           misery
           at
           home
           ,
           they
           were
           constrained
           to
           fly
           into
           England
           ,
           where
           they
           were
           Charitably
           received
           ,
           and
           Honourably
           entertained
           by
           King
           Henry
           .
        
         
         
           The
           next
           year
           the
           King
           visited
           the
           Borders
           ,
           holding
           Justice
           Courts
           ,
           and
           executing
           Justice
           upon
           all
           Oppressors
           ,
           Thieves
           ,
           and
           Out-Laws
           there
           in
           Ewsdale
           ;
           He
           caused
           eight
           and
           twenty
           famous
           Robbers
           to
           be
           Hanged
           ,
           others
           he
           brought
           with
           him
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           for
           more
           publick
           Execution
           and
           Example
           ;
           yet
           the
           Borders
           were
           nothing
           the
           more
           Peaceable
           ,
           for
           by
           the
           means
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           ,
           the
           English
           make
           daily
           Incursions
           ,
           and
           Spoiles
           the
           Country
           ;
           the
           Scots
           likewise
           serving
           the
           English
           with
           the
           same
           Sauce
           ,
           till
           at
           last
           ,
           by
           the
           Mediation
           of
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           a
           Peace
           is
           concluded
           on
           ,
           during
           the
           Princes
           Lives
           ,
           and
           one
           Year
           after
           the
           Decease
           of
           him
           who
           should
           Dye
           first
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           the
           
           Pope's
           Power
           began
           to
           Totter
           in
           England
           ,
           King
           Henry
           having
           renounced
           all
           Subjection
           to
           him
           ,
           because
           he
           would
           not
           Grant
           him
           a
           Divorce
           from
           his
           Queen
           Katharine
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           before
           Married
           to
           his
           Brother
           ,
           Prince
           Arthur
           ,
           and
           then
           (
           by
           a
           Dispensation
           from
           the
           Pope
           )
           to
           him
           .
           The
           Pope
           finding
           King
           Henry
           peremptory
           in
           his
           purpose
           ,
           did
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           deal
           with
           King
           James
           to
           make
           War
           with
           England
           ,
           and
           to
           this
           end
           sent
           an
           Ambassador
           privately
           to
           Scotland
           :
           King
           Henry
           went
           on
           with
           his
           Affairs
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           
           Executed
           
             John
             Fisher
          
           ,
           Bishop
           of
           Rochester
           ,
           for
           asserting
           the
           
           Pope's
           Supremacy
           in
           England
           :
           Upon
           this
           ,
           the
           whole
           Conclave
           stirr'd
           up
           the
           Pope
           against
           King
           Henry
           ,
           wherefore
           he
           sent
           another
           Ambassador
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           most
           invectively
           Exclaiming
           against
           the
           King
           of
           
           England's
           Cruelty
           ,
           and
           humbly
           desiring
           King
           
           James's
           assistance
           against
           him
           .
        
         
           King
           James
           (
           to
           try
           his
           Uncle's
           Mind
           )
           send
           an
           Ambassador
           to
           England
           ,
           to
           acquaint
           him
           with
           the
           Emperors
           and
           Popes
           Embassage
           .
           King
           Henry
           presently
           dispatched
           William
           Lord
           Howard
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           who
           made
           such
           hasty
           Journeys
           ,
           that
           he
           prevented
           the
           News
           of
           his
           coming
           ;
           he
           found
           the
           King
           at
           Sterline
           ,
           a
           part
           of
           his
           Ambassage
           was
           ,
           That
           the
           two
           Kings
           must
           have
           an
           interview
           at
           York
           ;
           this
           so
           startled
           the
           Church-men
           ,
           fearing
           ,
           that
           his
           Uncle
           might
           infect
           the
           King
           with
           the
           Opinions
           of
           the
           new
           Reformers
           ,
           that
           they
           opposed
           it
           with
           all
           their
           might
           :
           Yet
           the
           King
           and
           his
           Council
           proposed
           ,
           that
           the
           Meeting
           might
           be
           at
           New-Castle
           ,
           which
           the
           Lord
           Howard
           would
           ,
           in
           no
           wise
           ,
           hear
           of
           ,
           but
           departed
           in
           a
           chafe
           .
        
         
           King
           James
           having
           so
           many
           great
           Matches
           in
           his
           offer
           ,
           now
           resolves
           to
           accept
           of
           some
           one
           or
           other
           ;
           wherefore
           Sailing
           from
           Kirkaldie
           in
           ten
           days
           ,
           he
           arrived
           at
           
           Diep
           in
           Normandy
           ,
           and
           from
           thence
           to
           Vandosme
           ,
           where
           the
           Lady
           Mary
           of
           Burbon
           was
           ;
           but
           upon
           some
           considerations
           he
           setled
           not
           his
           Affections
           upon
           her
           ,
           though
           a
           great
           Beauty
           ,
           but
           went
           to
           Paris
           ,
           where
           he
           fell
           in
           Love
           with
           Magdalen
           ,
           Daughter
           to
           King
           Francis
           ,
           with
           her
           he
           was
           Married
           in
           the
           Church
           of
           Nostradam
           ,
           with
           great
           Solemnity
           ;
           and
           soon
           after
           Returned
           with
           her
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           but
           to
           his
           great
           Grief
           ;
           she
           Dyed
           within
           a
           few
           Months
           after
           ,
           and
           was
           Buried
           at
           Holyrood-House
           .
        
         
           Not
           long
           after
           ,
           the
           King
           (
           desirous
           of
           Succession
           )
           sendeth
           
             David
             Beaton
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Lord
           Maxwel
           to
           France
           ,
           to
           propose
           Marriage
           in
           his
           Name
           ,
           to
           Mary
           of
           Lorrain
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           two
           Plots
           against
           his
           Life
           are
           discovered
           at
           Court
           ,
           one
           by
           John
           ,
           Eldest
           Son
           to
           the
           Lord
           Forbes
           ,
           who
           thereupon
           was
           put
           to
           Death
           ;
           yet
           the
           King
           was
           much
           Grieved
           afterward
           ,
           finding
           great
           probability
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           accused
           through
           Malice
           :
           The
           other
           was
           
             Jane
             Doughlass
          
           ,
           with
           her
           Husband
           
             Archbald
             Campbel
          
           of
           Keepneeth
           ,
           who
           ,
           in
           the
           thoughts
           of
           many
           ,
           were
           as
           groundlesly
           Accused
           as
           the
           first
           ,
           yet
           both
           were
           found
           Guilty
           ,
           and
           Dyed
           for
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           King's
           Marriage
           with
           the
           foresaid
           Lady
           ,
           being
           Concluded
           ,
           they
           are
           Married
           by
           Proxie
           ,
           and
           she
           Arrived
           in
           
             Scotland
             ,
             
             A.
             D.
          
           1538.
           
           Soon
           after
           the
           Queen
           Dowager
           Dyed
           at
           Methwen
           ,
           and
           was
           Buried
           in
           the
           Charter-House
           of
           Perth
           .
        
         
           Now
           began
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           be
           divided
           in
           Matters
           of
           Religion
           ,
           the
           Reformation
           breaking
           in
           upon
           them
           ,
           which
           perplexed
           the
           King
           exceedingly
           ,
           not
           knowing
           what
           course
           to
           take
           :
           His
           Council
           was
           against
           violent
           Courses
           to
           be
           followed
           ,
           but
           the
           Prelates
           ,
           who
           had
           most
           his
           Ear
           ,
           gave
           him
           a
           quite
           contrary
           Advice
           ;
           after
           which
           ,
           most
           vigorous
           Inquisitions
           are
           established
           ,
           and
           Punishments
           denounced
           against
           all
           such
           as
           departed
           from
           Popery
           ;
           whereupon
           some
           are
           Burnt
           alive
           ,
           others
           Banished
           ,
           and
           many
           Imprisoned
           ;
           amongst
           which
           ,
           was
           that
           famous
           Poet
           and
           Historian
           ,
           Master
           
             George
             Buchanan
          
           ,
           who
           whilst
           his
           Keepers
           Slept
           ,
           escaped
           by
           a
           Window
           of
           the
           Prison
           ,
           the
           Muses
           holding
           the
           Rope
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           having
           by
           this
           time
           ,
           so
           Irritated
           the
           Pope
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           Excommunicated
           ,
           sendeth
           again
           to
           his
           Nephew
           King
           James
           ,
           desiring
           an
           Interview
           at
           York
           ;
           the
           Nobility
           were
           clearly
           for
           it
           ,
           but
           the
           Church-men
           fearing
           their
           Bacon
           ,
           was
           as
           much
           against
           it
           ,
           pretending
           ,
           the
           hazard
           that
           his
           Person
           and
           Kingdom
           would
           be
           lyable
           to
           .
           After
           long
           reasoning
           upon
           both
           sides
           ,
           it
           was
           agreed
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           should
           not
           altogether
           refuse
           
           to
           meet
           his
           Uncle
           ,
           but
           adhere
           to
           the
           first
           offer
           proposed
           to
           his
           Ambassador
           ,
           concerning
           this
           Interview
           ;
           which
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           rather
           than
           his
           Sute
           should
           take
           no
           effect
           ,
           accepts
           :
           But
           an
           Incursion
           ,
           which
           hapened
           upon
           the
           Borders
           ,
           made
           him
           that
           he
           lost
           all
           heart
           to
           the
           Interview
           ;
           hereupon
           he
           sendeth
           many
           Letters
           ,
           excusing
           his
           stay
           ,
           also
           representing
           his
           many
           Grievances
           and
           Wrongs
           ;
           thus
           were
           the
           Seeds
           of
           Discord
           again
           sown
           amongst
           them
           .
        
         
           The
           reformed
           Religion
           ,
           by
           this
           time
           ,
           begins
           to
           be
           professed
           by
           many
           ;
           for
           the
           curbing
           of
           which
           ,
           the
           Prelates
           presents
           Sir
           
             James
             Hamilton
          
           ,
           natural
           Son
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           ,
           to
           be
           Supream
           Judge
           of
           the
           Inquisition
           ,
           which
           turned
           to
           his
           own
           Ruine
           ;
           for
           while
           he
           is
           vigorously
           Persecuting
           all
           such
           as
           were
           suspected
           of
           the
           reformed
           Religion
           ,
           having
           many
           in
           Jayles
           ,
           and
           multitudes
           in
           Scrolls
           ,
           to
           bring
           within
           the
           Labyrinth
           of
           a
           Process
           ,
           the
           Supream
           Providence
           Arresteth
           himself
           :
           For
           having
           a
           Process
           against
           
             James
             Hamilton
          
           ,
           Sheriff
           of
           Lithgow
           ,
           his
           own
           Couzen
           ;
           the
           said
           James
           Accuses
           him
           of
           High
           Treason
           ,
           for
           which
           (
           notwithstanding
           all
           that
           the
           Prelates
           could
           do
           in
           his
           Favour
           )
           he
           was
           Tryed
           ,
           Condemned
           ,
           and
           put
           to
           Death
           .
        
         
           Not
           long
           after
           ,
           divers
           of
           the
           Nobility
           became
           to
           Favor
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           
           which
           so
           perplexed
           the
           King
           ,
           that
           he
           knew
           not
           what
           to
           do
           ;
           he
           became
           very
           sullen
           and
           retired
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           scarce
           suffer
           his
           own
           Domesticks
           to
           come
           near
           ,
           to
           add
           to
           his
           perplexity
           ,
           (
           as
           he
           lay
           in
           the
           Palace
           of
           Lithgow
           )
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           Night
           he
           leaped
           out
           of
           his
           Bed
           ,
           and
           called
           for
           Lights
           ,
           commandeth
           his
           Servants
           to
           search
           for
           
             Thomas
             Scot
          
           ,
           his
           Justice
           Clerk
           ,
           who
           (
           he
           said
           )
           stood
           by
           his
           Bed-side
           loaden
           with
           great
           Weights
           ,
           cursing
           the
           time
           that
           ever
           he
           Served
           him
           ;
           for
           by
           too
           much
           Obedience
           to
           him
           ,
           he
           was
           by
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           condemned
           to
           everlasting
           Torments
           .
           Soon
           after
           ,
           News
           came
           ,
           That
           the
           said
           
             Thomas
             Scot
          
           Dyed
           at
           Edenburgh
           ,
           much
           about
           the
           same
           Hour
           of
           the
           Night
           .
           Another
           Instance
           of
           the
           same
           nature
           was
           ,
           Sir
           
             James
             Hamilton
          
           ,
           a
           little
           after
           his
           Death
           ,
           seemed
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           to
           have
           appeared
           to
           him
           in
           a
           gastly
           manner
           ,
           with
           a
           Sword
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           with
           which
           he
           thought
           he
           cut
           off
           both
           his
           Arms
           ,
           advertising
           him
           ,
           he
           would
           come
           again
           shortly
           ,
           and
           be
           more
           fully
           revenged
           .
           The
           next
           day
           after
           the
           Vision
           ,
           word
           came
           ,
           that
           both
           his
           Sons
           were
           departed
           this
           Life
           almost
           in
           one
           hour
           .
        
         
           King
           Henry
           finding
           himself
           disappointed
           ,
           by
           his
           Nephew
           ,
           of
           their
           Meeting
           ,
           and
           understanding
           the
           Church-men
           to
           have
           
           been
           the
           occasion
           of
           it
           ,
           maketh
           Prizes
           of
           all
           the
           Scottish
           Ships
           that
           his
           Fleet
           could
           meet
           with
           by
           Sea
           ,
           and
           Incursions
           with
           his
           garrisoned
           Souldiers
           by
           Land.
           King
           James
           directeth
           
             James
             Lermonth
          
           of
           Darsie
           to
           his
           Uncle
           ,
           to
           give
           sufficient
           Reasons
           for
           his
           not
           meeting
           him
           at
           New-Castle
           ,
           and
           to
           demand
           Restitution
           of
           his
           Ships
           .
           King
           Henry
           not
           only
           refuseth
           to
           restore
           the
           Ships
           ,
           but
           also
           delaying
           the
           Answer
           of
           the
           Scottish
           Ambassador
           to
           gain
           time
           ,
           sendeth
           Sir
           
             Robert
             B●wes
          
           ,
           seconded
           with
           the
           Earl
           of
           Angus
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             George
             Douglass
          
           ,
           in
           hasty
           manner
           ,
           to
           invade
           Scotland
           :
           These
           to
           the
           number
           of
           
             Three
             Thousand
          
           ,
           Burn
           and
           Destroy
           all
           before
           them
           ,
           till
           at
           last
           the
           Earl
           of
           Huntly
           ,
           with
           some
           Borderers
           ,
           meeting
           them
           at
           a
           Place
           called
           Valldanrigg
           ,
           quite
           routed
           them
           ,
           Killed
           many
           ,
           and
           took
           some
           Prisoners
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           Summer
           King
           Henry
           sent
           the
           Earl
           of
           Norfolk
           towards
           Scotland
           with
           an
           Army
           of
           
             Forty
             Thousand
          
           Men
           ,
           accompanied
           with
           a
           great
           many
           of
           the
           English
           Nobility
           .
           King
           James
           advertised
           of
           their
           coming
           ,
           Mustered
           an
           Army
           of
           
             Thirty
             Thousand
          
           Men
           on
           Falla-moor
           ,
           to
           Oppose
           them
           .
           When
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           understood
           that
           he
           was
           resolved
           to
           give
           him
           Battel
           ,
           choosing
           rather
           to
           make
           an
           honourable
           Retreat
           ,
           than
           give
           a
           doubtful
           Charge
           ,
           he
           
           retireth
           off
           the
           Scottish
           ground
           :
           Whereupon
           King
           James
           encouraged
           his
           Nobility
           and
           Army
           to
           follow
           them
           ,
           and
           revenge
           old
           Quarrels
           :
           The
           Nobles
           answered
           ,
           
             That
             to
             defend
             their
             Prince
             and
             Country
             ,
             they
             would
             hazzard
             their
             Lives
             ,
             or
             whatever
             was
             dear
             to
             them
             .
          
           If
           the
           Enemy
           had
           stayed
           upon
           Scottish
           Ground
           ,
           they
           would
           either
           make
           them
           retire
           ,
           or
           Dung
           the
           Field
           with
           their
           Carcasses
           .
           But
           to
           Invade
           England
           ,
           they
           did
           not
           think
           their
           Quarrel
           just
           enough
           ,
           neither
           had
           they
           Ammunition
           enough
           to
           Engage
           with
           so
           strong
           an
           Enemy
           in
           his
           own
           Country
           ;
           that
           they
           thought
           it
           enough
           ,
           that
           upon
           their
           approaching
           ,
           they
           made
           the
           English
           retire
           ,
           if
           not
           fly
           ;
           for
           whether
           they
           did
           fly
           or
           retire
           ,
           they
           had
           suffered
           as
           much
           Wrong
           as
           they
           had
           done
           .
           The
           King
           finding
           them
           thus
           obstinate
           ,
           returneth
           with
           his
           Army
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           where
           he
           immediately
           Disbanded
           them
           ;
           he
           begins
           most
           bitterly
           to
           reflect
           upon
           the
           Noble
           mens
           refusing
           to
           Invade
           England
           ,
           which
           was
           aggravated
           and
           abetted
           by
           Cardinal
           
             Beat●n
             ,
             Oliver
             Sinclave
          
           ,
           and
           others
           .
           The
           Lord
           Maxnel
           seeing
           the
           King
           so
           highly
           Offended
           ,
           desired
           His
           Majesty
           to
           give
           him
           
             Ten
             Thousand
          
           men
           ,
           and
           he
           would
           ingage
           his
           Honour
           ,
           to
           effect
           something
           to
           the
           King's
           Satisfaction
           ;
           the
           King
           thanketh
           him
           for
           
           his
           Offer
           ,
           appointeth
           a
           Rendezvous
           upon
           the
           West
           Marches
           :
           No
           Proclamations
           are
           divulged
           for
           the
           levies
           of
           Men
           ,
           but
           close
           Letters
           sent
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           ,
           March
           towards
           Haddingtoun
           ,
           and
           the
           East
           Borders
           ;
           and
           several
           Earls
           ,
           Lords
           ,
           and
           Barons
           ,
           accompanied
           with
           the
           King
           's
           Domestick
           Servants
           ,
           ride
           to
           the
           West
           Borders
           :
           The
           Night
           before
           they
           rode
           ,
           the
           King
           himself
           came
           to
           Lochmabban
           to
           attend
           the
           Event
           .
        
         
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Wharton
          
           ,
           Warden
           of
           the
           Marches
           ,
           much
           troubled
           at
           such
           a
           frequent
           Assembly
           of
           the
           Scottish
           Riders
           ;
           raising
           the
           Power
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           placeth
           them
           by
           a
           Hill
           ,
           where
           he
           might
           take
           a
           view
           of
           the
           Forces
           .
           The
           Scottish
           Lords
           beholding
           the
           English
           putting
           themselves
           in
           a
           Fighting
           posture
           ,
           desire
           to
           know
           the
           King's
           Lieutenant-General
           ;
           whereupon
           
             Oliver
             Sinclave
          
           is
           mounted
           upon
           crossed
           Pikes
           ,
           and
           the
           Commission
           read
           ,
           wherein
           he
           is
           designed
           to
           be
           Lieutenant
           ,
           and
           all
           Commanded
           ,
           in
           the
           King's
           Name
           ,
           to
           follow
           him
           .
           No
           sooner
           began
           the
           Commission
           to
           be
           read
           ,
           but
           such
           a
           Tumult
           ,
           and
           confused
           Clamour
           arose
           in
           the
           Army
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           no
           Order
           kept
           ;
           every
           thing
           running
           in
           Confusion
           .
           The
           English
           taking
           advantage
           of
           the
           Disorder
           ,
           brake
           in
           among
           them
           ;
           while
           they
           stand
           in
           
           Amaze
           ,
           doubting
           whether
           to
           Fly
           or
           Stand.
           Here
           is
           a
           general
           Surprize
           ,
           most
           part
           willingly
           rendering
           themselves
           to
           the
           English
           ,
           without
           any
           shew
           of
           Defence
           ;
           many
           of
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           were
           taken
           and
           carried
           Prisoners
           to
           London
           ,
           where
           they
           remained
           till
           after
           the
           King's
           Death
           .
        
         
           The
           certainty
           of
           this
           voluntary
           Defeat
           coming
           to
           the
           King
           at
           Lockmabban
           ,
           so
           Stupified
           and
           Astonished
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           neither
           Council
           nor
           Resolution
           what
           to
           follow
           ;
           apprehending
           by
           this
           and
           their
           former
           Actions
           ,
           that
           the
           Nobility
           had
           Conspired
           his
           overthrow
           .
           After
           which
           he
           came
           to
           Faulkland
           ,
           where
           he
           gave
           himself
           over
           to
           Sorrow
           :
           Now
           are
           his
           Thoughts
           busied
           with
           Revenge
           ,
           as
           also
           with
           rage
           against
           his
           Nobility
           .
           Long
           Watchings
           ,
           continual
           
             Cares
             and
             Passions
          
           ,
           abstinence
           from
           
             Food
             and
             Recreation
          
           ,
           had
           so
           extenuated
           his
           Body
           ,
           that
           pierced
           with
           
             Grief
             ,
             Anguish
             ,
             Impatience
             ,
             Despair
             ,
          
           he
           remained
           affixed
           to
           his
           Bed.
           To
           Comfort
           him
           ,
           Letters
           came
           from
           Lithgow
           to
           him
           ,
           That
           his
           Queen
           was
           delivered
           of
           a
           Daughter
           ;
           when
           he
           heard
           it
           was
           a
           Daughter
           ,
           he
           turned
           his
           Face
           from
           them
           that
           read
           the
           Letter
           ,
           and
           Sighing
           a
           Farewel
           to
           the
           World
           :
           
             It
             will
             end
             as
             it
             began
          
           (
           sayes
           he
           )
           
             the
             Crown
             came
             by
             a
             Woman
             ,
             and
             it
             will
             go
             with
             one
             .
          
           The
           Cardinal
           put
           some
           blank
           Papers
           in
           
           his
           hand
           ,
           of
           which
           they
           Composed
           a
           Letter-Will
           ,
           which
           ,
           whether
           he
           Subscribed
           or
           not
           ,
           is
           uncertain
           :
           After
           which
           he
           spoke
           not
           many
           Words
           that
           could
           be
           understood
           ;
           he
           Dyed
           the
           Thirteenth
           of
           
             December
             ,
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1542.
           in
           the
           Thirty-Third
           Year
           of
           his
           Age
           ,
           and
           Thirty-Second
           of
           his
           Reign
           ;
           not
           without
           Suspition
           of
           having
           got
           an
           Italian
           Posset
           by
           the
           Cardinal's
           means
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           was
           no
           sooner
           Dead
           (
           leaving
           his
           young
           Daughter
           ,
           who
           was
           afterward
           called
           Mary
           ,
           to
           Succeed
           )
           then
           the
           Cardinal
           proclaimed
           his
           Last
           Will
           ,
           wherein
           were
           expressed
           four
           Protectors
           or
           Regents
           ,
           of
           whom
           himself
           was
           the
           First
           and
           Principal
           ,
           and
           with
           him
           were
           joyned
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Huntly
             ,
             Argyle
          
           ,
           and
           Murry
           .
           But
           within
           a
           Week
           after
           ,
           the
           Chase
           was
           turned
           :
           For
           the
           Earl
           of
           Arran
           being
           advised
           by
           the
           Lord
           of
           Grange
           ,
           who
           was
           Treasurer
           ,
           and
           Master
           
             Henry
             Balneaves
          
           ,
           with
           some
           others
           ,
           caused
           to
           Assemble
           the
           Peers
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           representing
           to
           them
           his
           undoubted
           Title
           to
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           during
           the
           Minority
           of
           her
           ,
           to
           whom
           ,
           by
           Line
           ,
           he
           should
           Succeed
           ,
           if
           she
           want
           Succession
           of
           her
           own
           body
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           opposed
           himself
           ,
           and
           all
           his
           Interest
           against
           Arran
           ,
           but
           it
           was
           carried
           by
           many
           Voices
           ;
           whereupon
           Arran
           
           was
           declared
           Governor
           ,
           and
           with
           publick
           Proclamation
           invested
           in
           his
           Office.
           
        
         
           A
           Parliament
           soon
           followed
           ,
           wherein
           the
           Clergy
           most
           violently
           pressed
           ,
           That
           severe
           Edicts
           might
           be
           Published
           against
           those
           they
           called
           Hereticks
           :
           But
           others
           Propounding
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           whether
           such
           ,
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           as
           could
           not
           speak
           Latine
           ,
           might
           not
           have
           the
           Word
           of
           their
           Salvation
           in
           the
           Language
           they
           understood
           ,
           as
           Lawfully
           as
           they
           that
           understood
           Latine
           ,
           must
           have
           it
           in
           that
           Language
           ;
           it
           was
           Voted
           Affirmative
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           ,
           after
           much
           debating
           ,
           it
           passed
           into
           an
           Act
           ,
           
             That
             it
             was
             free
             for
             all
             Men
             and
             Women
             to
             Read
             the
             Scripture
             in
             their
             own
             vulgar
             Tongue
          
           ;
           and
           all
           Acts
           made
           to
           the
           contrary
           were
           rescinded
           .
        
         
           King
           Henry
           (
           before
           the
           Parliament
           was
           ended
           )
           sent
           an
           Ambassador
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           whose
           Embassage
           was
           to
           Contract
           a
           perpetual
           League
           and
           Amity
           between
           the
           Two
           Kingdoms
           ;
           and
           that
           all
           Occasions
           of
           Wars
           might
           be
           taken
           away
           ,
           a
           Match
           was
           proposed
           ,
           by
           the
           Ambassador
           ,
           between
           young
           Prince
           Edward
           ,
           and
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scotland
           ;
           which
           was
           by
           the
           Governour
           and
           Parliament
           Accepted
           ;
           whereupon
           they
           sent
           their
           Ambassadors
           to
           England
           ,
           where
           things
           came
           so
           far
           ,
           that
           both
           Partyes
           declared
           their
           Agreement
           in
           all
           
           Particulars
           ,
           except
           the
           time
           when
           the
           young
           Queen
           should
           be
           delivered
           to
           the
           English
           .
        
         
           The
           Papists
           foreseeing
           what
           would
           probably
           follow
           ,
           if
           the
           Queen
           should
           be
           put
           in
           their
           Enemy
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           
           England's
           hand
           ;
           begin
           ,
           with
           all
           their
           might
           ,
           to
           Oppose
           it
           :
           about
           this
           time
           the
           Governors
           base
           Brother
           ,
           
             John
             Hamilton
          
           ,
           came
           from
           France
           ,
           who
           was
           very
           helpful
           to
           his
           brethren
           the
           Papists
           ,
           in
           carrying
           on
           all
           their
           Affairs
           .
           At
           last
           ,
           partly
           by
           few
           promises
           of
           great
           Things
           ,
           and
           partly
           by
           Threatning
           to
           declare
           him
           an
           Enemy
           to
           Holy-Church
           ,
           if
           he
           complied
           not
           ,
           they
           make
           him
           Condescend
           to
           break
           with
           England
           ;
           whereupon
           ensued
           great
           and
           bloody
           Wars
           between
           the
           Two
           Kingdoms
           ;
           for
           King
           Henry
           immediately
           sent
           a
           strong
           Army
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           who
           came
           as
           far
           as
           Edenburgh
           ,
           committing
           great
           Hostilities
           .
           In
           compensation
           of
           which
           ,
           the
           Scots
           enter
           England
           :
           Burning
           and
           Destroying
           all
           before
           them
           ,
           returning
           again
           with
           great
           Spoil
           .
        
         
           Mr.
           
             George
             Wishart
          
           ,
           being
           by
           Cardinal
           Beaton
           ,
           burnt
           Alive
           for
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ;
           the
           said
           Cardinal
           was
           surprized
           by
           
             Norman
             Loslie
          
           Master
           of
           
             Rothes
             ,
             William
             Kirkaldie
          
           of
           Grange
           ,
           and
           
             John
             Loslie
          
           of
           Park-Hill
           ,
           in
           his
           Castle
           of
           St.
           Andrews
           ,
           and
           put
           to
           Death
           ;
           Possessing
           themselves
           of
           the
           Castle
           
           for
           their
           Security
           ,
           knowing
           that
           now
           they
           were
           to
           have
           many
           and
           powerful
           Enemies
           ,
           which
           accordingly
           fell
           out
           ;
           for
           the
           Papists
           procure
           an
           Army
           from
           France
           ,
           under
           the
           conduct
           of
           
             Monsieur
             Deosel
          
           ,
           who
           besieged
           the
           Castle
           ,
           and
           soon
           after
           took
           it
           .
        
         
           King
           Henry
           being
           now
           Dead
           ,
           his
           Son
           King
           Edward
           sent
           an
           Army
           of
           
             Ten
             Thousand
          
           Men
           to
           Scotland
           :
           The
           Popish
           Party
           there
           procures
           the
           like
           number
           from
           France
           ;
           these
           two
           Armies
           grievously
           infested
           the
           Country
           .
           The
           next
           Year
           the
           Queen
           was
           at
           Six
           years
           of
           Age
           Transported
           by
           the
           West
           Seas
           into
           France
           (
           escaping
           the
           English
           Fleet
           ,
           that
           watched
           for
           her
           about
           Calice
           )
           and
           soon
           after
           Married
           to
           the
           Daulphine
           .
        
         
           However
           ,
           the
           Reformation
           goes
           on
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Queen-Mother
           ,
           who
           is
           now
           stiled
           Queen-Regent
           her
           opposition
           .
           She
           was
           Assisted
           in
           her
           Designs
           by
           the
           French
           (
           as
           the
           Reformers
           were
           also
           by
           the
           English
           )
           but
           her
           Death
           put
           a
           stop
           to
           the
           Persecution
           ;
           which
           gave
           the
           Protestants
           opportunity
           of
           putting
           things
           in
           order
           ,
           relating
           to
           the
           
             Worship
             of
             God.
          
           Great
           Preparations
           were
           making
           in
           France
           ,
           for
           invading
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           root
           out
           the
           
             Reformed
             Religion
          
           :
           This
           terrified
           the
           Reformers
           mightily
           ;
           but
           while
           they
           were
           in
           a
           Consternation
           ,
           not
           knowing
           what
           to
           
           do
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           France
           Dyed
           ,
           and
           their
           Queen
           remained
           a
           Widdow
           ;
           this
           was
           a
           great
           Deliverance
           to
           them
           ,
           for
           by
           his
           Death
           the
           intended
           Invasion
           came
           to
           nothing
           .
        
         
           Soon
           after
           ,
           the
           Queen
           comes
           Home
           ,
           and
           sets
           up
           Mass
           in
           her
           Chappel
           ,
           which
           the
           Reformers
           opposed
           .
           This
           bred
           much
           confusion
           in
           the
           State
           ;
           but
           the
           Queen
           finding
           that
           the
           Body
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           with
           most
           part
           of
           the
           Nobility
           were
           against
           her
           Way
           ,
           she
           became
           a
           little
           more
           calm
           ,
           condescending
           that
           some
           Maintenance
           might
           be
           settled
           upon
           the
           Ministers
           .
        
         
           About
           this
           time
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Huntly
           breaks
           out
           in
           a
           Rebellion
           in
           the
           North
           ;
           to
           oppose
           which
           ,
           the
           Queen
           went
           her self
           in
           Person
           ,
           and
           Routed
           him
           ,
           near
           Aberdeen
           ,
           his
           Sons
           ,
           and
           many
           of
           his
           Friends
           being
           Slain
           ,
           himself
           also
           Dying
           in
           the
           place
           without
           any
           Wound
           .
        
         
           The
           Easter
           following
           ,
           Mass
           began
           to
           be
           very
           publick
           at
           Edinburgh
           ,
           which
           so
           incensed
           the
           Lords
           and
           others
           ,
           That
           they
           Imprisoned
           several
           Priests
           :
           The
           Queen
           began
           to
           Storm
           at
           this
           ,
           but
           they
           told
           her
           ,
           That
           what
           they
           did
           was
           according
           to
           Law
           ,
           and
           they
           would
           Justify
           it
           in
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           In
           July
           1564.
           
           The
           Earl
           of
           Lenox
           ,
           with
           his
           Son
           
             Henry
             Stewart
          
           ,
           Lord
           Darly
           ,
           return
           
           from
           England
           ,
           and
           were
           very
           graciously
           received
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           who
           took
           such
           Affection
           to
           Darly
           ,
           that
           she
           Posts
           away
           Lethington
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           shewing
           her
           ,
           That
           she
           meant
           to
           Marry
           him
           :
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           (
           pretending
           her
           disliking
           of
           such
           Contracts
           of
           Princes
           with
           Subjects
           )
           labours
           to
           diswade
           her
           from
           it
           ;
           but
           under-hand
           promotes
           it
           for
           her
           own
           ends
           .
           The
           Queen
           (
           with
           some
           difficulty
           )
           gets
           her
           intended
           Marriage
           ratified
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           which
           was
           afterward
           Proclaimed
           by
           name
           ,
           Henry
           and
           
             Mary
             ,
             King
          
           and
           Queen
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           Solemnized
           the
           Twenty-Seventh
           of
           July
           ,
           1565.
           
        
         
           This
           procures
           great
           Alterations
           in
           the
           State
           ;
           for
           several
           Lords
           and
           Gentlemen
           of
           the
           Reformation
           ,
           being
           Summoned
           to
           Appear
           before
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           ;
           and
           upon
           Non-appearance
           ,
           were
           declared
           Rebels
           :
           Whereupon
           ,
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           presently
           take
           Armes
           ;
           the
           Lords
           ,
           with
           their
           Intention
           ,
           fled
           into
           England
           ,
           where
           they
           stayed
           a
           while
           under
           Queen
           
           Elizabeth's
           Protection
           ,
           who
           afterward
           dismissed
           them
           ,
           writing
           to
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           in
           their
           Favours
           ;
           at
           length
           they
           came
           to
           an
           Agreement
           ,
           which
           yet
           continued
           not
           long
           .
        
         
           For
           the
           King
           beginning
           to
           be
           jealous
           of
           the
           daily
           resort
           of
           French-men
           to
           Court
           ,
           
           and
           of
           their
           great
           Favor
           with
           the
           Queen
           ,
           caused
           one
           of
           them
           ,
           called
           Rizio
           ,
           who
           from
           a
           Musitian
           ,
           was
           advanced
           to
           be
           the
           Queen's
           Secretary
           for
           French
           ,
           to
           be
           seized
           in
           her
           Chamber
           ,
           and
           presently
           put
           to
           Death
           ;
           and
           finding
           that
           this
           Action
           brought
           him
           under
           the
           odium
           of
           the
           Papists
           ,
           he
           made
           a
           shew
           of
           turning
           Protestant
           ,
           calling
           home
           several
           of
           the
           Banished
           Lords
           and
           others
           :
           But
           however
           ,
           from
           that
           day
           he
           began
           to
           be
           despised
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           Bothwel
           is
           advanced
           .
        
         
           The
           Nineteenth
           of
           June
           ,
           1566.
           
           The
           Queen
           ,
           at
           Edinburg
           ,
           was
           Delivered
           of
           a
           Son
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           Joy
           of
           all
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           he
           was
           Baptized
           at
           
             Sterlin
             ,
             December
          
           the
           Seventeenth
           ,
           and
           called
           James
           ;
           the
           Witnesses
           were
           the
           Earl
           of
           Bedford
           for
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           who
           in
           her
           Name
           presented
           a
           Font
           of
           pure
           Gold
           ,
           valued
           at
           
             Three
             Thousand
          
           Crowns
           ;
           the
           Count
           
             de
             Briance
          
           for
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           and
           an
           Ambassador
           for
           the
           Duke
           of
           Savoy
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           finding
           himself
           daily
           slighted
           by
           the
           Queen
           ,
           repaired
           to
           his
           Father
           at
           Glasgow
           ,
           where
           ,
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           he
           was
           taken
           very
           Ill
           with
           a
           Pain
           in
           his
           Stomack
           ;
           when
           he
           came
           to
           Glasgow
           his
           Body
           breaks
           out
           in
           blewish
           Blisters
           ,
           which
           when
           the
           Physitians
           saw
           ,
           they
           knew
           him
           to
           have
           
           been
           Poisoned
           ;
           but
           with
           their
           Antidotes
           ,
           and
           his
           own
           vigorous
           Youth
           ,
           he
           Recovered
           .
           Not
           long
           after
           ,
           the
           Queen
           Visited
           him
           at
           Glasgow
           ,
           and
           prevailed
           with
           him
           to
           come
           to
           Edinburg
           ;
           he
           Lodged
           in
           the
           Kirk-Field
           for
           his
           Health
           (
           as
           was
           pretended
           )
           :
           But
           many
           suspected
           that
           the
           Earl
           of
           Bothwel
           had
           a
           Design
           upon
           him
           ,
           but
           few
           durst
           adventure
           to
           tell
           him
           of
           it
           :
           Yet
           the
           Earl
           of
           Orkney
           told
           him
           ,
           
             That
             if
             he
             retired
             not
             hastily
             out
             of
             that
             Place
             ,
             it
             would
             cost
             him
             his
             Life
          
           ;
           this
           Advertisement
           moved
           the
           Earl
           of
           Bothwel
           to
           hasten
           forward
           his
           Enterprize
           ,
           laying
           a
           Train
           of
           Powder
           under
           the
           House
           where
           the
           King
           lay
           ,
           which
           in
           the
           Night
           time
           did
           Blow
           it
           up
           ;
           but
           it
           was
           said
           ,
           
             That
             the
             King
             was
             taken
             forth
             ,
             and
             brought
             ▪
             Alive
             to
             a
             Stable
             ,
             where
             a
             Napkin
             was
             stopped
             in
             his
             Mouth
             ,
             and
             he
             therewith
             Suffocated
             .
          
        
         
           Presently
           after
           ,
           Bothwel
           obtains
           a
           Divorce
           from
           the
           Pope
           ,
           to
           free
           him
           of
           his
           Wife
           ,
           and
           was
           Married
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           May
           the
           Fifteenth
           ,
           1567.
           
           Whereupon
           the
           Lords
           take
           Armes
           (
           the
           Queen
           and
           Bothwel
           being
           at
           Dumbar
           )
           resolving
           to
           call
           him
           to
           an
           Account
           for
           what
           was
           past
           :
           the
           Queen
           also
           ,
           and
           he
           ,
           sent
           to
           their
           Friends
           to
           come
           to
           their
           Defence
           ;
           the
           two
           Armies
           Faces
           each
           other
           at
           Seaton
           :
           Then
           Bothwel
           steps
           out
           upon
           Horse-back
           ,
           between
           the
           Armies
           ,
           
           offering
           to
           Fight
           with
           any
           that
           durst
           Charge
           him
           with
           that
           foul
           Aspersion
           of
           Murdering
           the
           King
           :
           
             James
             Murray
          
           offers
           the
           Combat
           ,
           but
           he
           is
           refused
           ,
           as
           not
           equal
           in
           Honour
           ;
           then
           his
           Brother
           ,
           the
           Laird
           of
           Tully-Bardine
           ,
           Accepts
           the
           Challenge
           ;
           him
           he
           refuseth
           ,
           because
           he
           was
           not
           a
           Noble-man
           ;
           then
           the
           Lord
           Lyndsay
           presents
           himself
           ,
           telling
           him
           ,
           
             That
             he
             was
             his
             Equal
             every
             way
             :
          
           but
           the
           Queen
           recalled
           Bothwel
           ,
           and
           would
           not
           suffer
           them
           to
           Fight
           .
           In
           fine
           ,
           the
           Queen
           finding
           the
           Confederates
           resolute
           ,
           and
           their
           Number
           exceeding
           her
           own
           ,
           she
           desires
           Bothwel
           to
           shift
           for
           himself
           ,
           for
           that
           she
           would
           put
           her self
           in
           their
           Hands
           ;
           which
           accordingly
           she
           did
           ,
           and
           was
           by
           them
           conveyed
           to
           Edinburgh
           ,
           and
           after
           to
           the
           Castle
           of
           Lochlevine
           .
           The
           Queen
           of
           England
           sends
           her
           Ambassador
           to
           the
           Lords
           ,
           desiring
           ,
           That
           the
           Queen
           might
           have
           her
           full
           Liberty
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           Prince
           might
           be
           sent
           to
           England
           to
           be
           Educated
           :
           At
           length
           Matters
           were
           wrought
           to
           that
           point
           ,
           that
           she
           must
           of
           necessity
           resign
           the
           Crown
           to
           her
           Son
        
         
           108.
           
           This
           young
           Prince
           was
           Crowned
           at
           Sterline
           ,
           the
           Twenty-fourth
           of
           
             July
             ,
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1567.
           at
           thirteen
           Months
           and
           eight
           days
           old
           .
           The
           Earls
           of
           Morteun
           and
           Hume
           ,
           taking
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           for
           
           him
           :
           Master
           Knox
           also
           Preached
           the
           Coronation
           Sermon
           .
           The
           Earl
           of
           Murray
           is
           ,
           within
           a
           Month
           after
           ,
           created
           Regent
           ;
           he
           presently
           Summons
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           wherein
           divers
           are
           Executed
           ,
           as
           having
           Accession
           to
           the
           late
           Kings
           Murder
           ;
           which
           occasioned
           many
           Factions
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           much
           hatred
           to
           the
           Regent
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           the
           Queen
           was
           conveyed
           out
           of
           Lochlavin
           ,
           by
           
             George
             Douglass
          
           the
           Governours
           Brother
           ,
           my
           Lord
           Seaton
           ,
           and
           divers
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Hamiltone
           ,
           with
           their
           dependers
           waited
           to
           receive
           her
           ,
           and
           conveyed
           her
           to
           Hamiltoun
           :
           The
           Regent
           being
           at
           Glasgow
           ,
           draws
           together
           what
           men
           he
           could
           so
           suddenly
           command
           ,
           and
           with
           them
           Marches
           to
           Langsidemoor
           ,
           where
           it
           was
           Fought
           most
           Briskly
           ;
           but
           the
           Queen
           ,
           though
           being
           more
           in
           number
           ,
           was
           worsted
           ;
           after
           which
           she
           lost
           all
           courage
           ,
           never
           resting
           till
           she
           was
           in
           England
           :
           The
           Regent
           returned
           Victor
           ,
           and
           destributed
           the
           Spoyl
           among
           his
           Friends
           and
           Dependants
           .
        
         
           The
           Queen
           of
           England
           sends
           Ambassadors
           to
           the
           Regent
           ,
           desiring
           him
           to
           send
           Commissioners
           to
           her
           ,
           to
           give
           her
           a
           reason
           of
           their
           thus
           proceeding
           against
           their
           Queen
           ,
           upon
           which
           he
           himself
           went
           to
           Berwick
           for
           that
           purpose
           :
           After
           long
           reasoning
           ,
           they
           parted
           without
           concluding
           
           any
           thing
           .
           The
           Regent
           returning
           home
           ,
           did
           not
           sit
           long
           Idle
           ;
           for
           the
           Earl
           of
           Hamilton
           pretending
           a
           right
           to
           the
           Regency
           ,
           conveins
           his
           friends
           at
           Glasgow
           ,
           the
           Regent
           presently
           went
           against
           him
           .
           He
           finding
           himself
           disappointed
           of
           many
           that
           he
           expected
           to
           come
           to
           his
           Assistance
           ,
           submitted
           himself
           ,
           and
           is
           made
           prisoner
           ,
           Queen
           Mary
           ,
           being
           by
           the
           Queen
           of
           Englands
           order
           conveyed
           to
           Carlisle
           .
           The
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           in
           hopes
           to
           get
           her
           in
           Marriage
           ,
           became
           mighty
           forward
           to
           procure
           her
           liberation
           ;
           which
           made
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           begin
           to
           grow
           jealous
           of
           him
           ;
           whereupon
           he
           is
           committed
           to
           the
           Tower
           ,
           a
           Conspiracy
           being
           discovered
           ,
           which
           he
           managed
           for
           relievving
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           .
        
         
           The
           Regent
           having
           brought
           things
           to
           some
           order
           at
           home
           ,
           the
           Hamiltons
           seeing
           it
           impossible
           for
           them
           now
           to
           contend
           with
           him
           ,
           Killed
           him
           most
           Treacherously
           and
           Basely
           ,
           as
           he
           was
           passing
           through
           Lithgow
           ,
           having
           shot
           him
           with
           a
           Hakbut
           ,
           out
           at
           a
           Window
           ,
           January
           the
           22
           d.
           1569.
           
           About
           three
           Months
           after
           Lennox
           ,
           the
           Kings
           Grandfather
           is
           chosen
           Regent
           .
           Hamilton
           being
           by
           all
           refused
           ,
           he
           marches
           with
           5000
           to
           Lithgow
           ,
           to
           suppress
           the
           Queens
           Faction
           ,
           they
           intended
           to
           call
           a
           Parliament
           ;
           there
           great
           
           Confusion
           follows
           over
           all
           the
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           A
           Parliament
           being
           summoned
           by
           the
           Regent
           at
           Sterling
           ,
           they
           began
           to
           reform
           abuses
           ,
           which
           are
           very
           many
           ;
           but
           they
           thinking
           themselves
           secure
           ,
           took
           no
           care
           to
           keep
           Guards
           :
           Whereupon
           one
           
             George
             Bell
          
           marches
           from
           Edenburgh
           ,
           in
           the
           Night
           time
           as
           guid
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Huntly
           ;
           he
           commanded
           five
           hundred
           men
           ,
           they
           surprised
           them
           all
           in
           their
           Beds
           ,
           some
           escaped
           ,
           and
           others
           were
           taken
           Prisoners
           ;
           but
           the
           Regent
           himself
           was
           killed
           in
           the
           Tumult
           .
        
         
           Those
           who
           were
           for
           the
           King
           ,
           chose
           the
           Earl
           of
           Mar
           Regent
           ;
           about
           this
           time
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           was
           arraigned
           ,
           and
           found
           guilty
           of
           Complotting
           with
           
             Queen
             Mary
          
           against
           
             Queen
             Elizabeth
          
           ,
           and
           within
           four
           Months
           after
           had
           his
           Head
           chopt
           off
           upon
           Tower-Hill
           ,
           where
           he
           confessed
           all
           the
           indictment
           :
           Mar
           about
           a
           year
           after
           being
           chosen
           Regent
           ,
           dyes
           at
           Sterline
           ;
           to
           succeed
           whom
           ,
           Mortoon
           was
           without
           controversie
           Elected
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           was
           committed
           to
           the
           keeping
           of
           
             Alexander
             Arskine
          
           ,
           and
           Mr.
           
             George
             Buchanan
          
           made
           his
           Tutor
           ,
           none
           of
           the
           Queens
           Party
           being
           permitted
           to
           come
           near
           him
           .
           The
           Factious
           had
           by
           this
           time
           become
           very
           unnatural
           ;
           the
           Mother
           against
           the
           Son
           ,
           and
           the
           Son
           against
           the
           
           Mother
           .
           
             Edenburg
             Castle
          
           ,
           which
           Kirkaldie
           of
           Grange
           kept
           for
           the
           Queen
           ,
           is
           besieged
           and
           taken
           by
           the
           Regent
           ,
           and
           the
           Governour
           ,
           with
           his
           Brother
           Hanged
           .
           The
           Regent
           proud
           of
           his
           Success
           ,
           began
           to
           be
           somewhat
           extravagant
           ,
           which
           was
           a
           forerunner
           of
           his
           downfall
           ,
           which
           his
           Enemies
           improved
           to
           his
           disadvantage
           :
           Whereupon
           he
           is
           deposed
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           seeing
           that
           things
           were
           turning
           from
           bad
           to
           worse
           ,
           took
           the
           Scepter
           in
           his
           own
           Hand
           ,
           having
           the
           Assistance
           of
           twelve
           Noblemen
           ,
           whereof
           M●rtoun
           was
           one
           :
           A
           Parliament
           soon
           after
           is
           called
           at
           Edingburgh
           ,
           where
           the
           King
           appeared
           to
           his
           People
           ,
           being
           yet
           but
           twelve
           years
           Old.
           In
           this
           Parliament
           was
           ratified
           that
           
             Confession
             of
             Faith
          
           inserted
           in
           the
           late
           Test
           in
           Scotland
           .
        
         
           
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1582.
           
           Fell
           out
           the
           Road
           of
           Ruthwen
           ,
           where
           the
           King
           was
           Seized
           by
           some
           of
           his
           Nobles
           ,
           and
           carried
           to
           Edinburg
           ,
           upon
           pretence
           ,
           That
           he
           was
           Misled
           by
           bad
           Councils
           :
           They
           kept
           him
           under
           a
           sort
           of
           Restraint
           for
           above
           a
           Year
           ;
           but
           at
           last
           ,
           being
           at
           St.
           Andrews
           ,
           he
           was
           Relieved
           by
           
             Collonel
             Stewart
          
           Captain
           of
           the
           Castle
           ;
           for
           as
           the
           King
           had
           entred
           the
           Gate
           ,
           the
           Collonel
           presently
           shuts
           it
           ,
           and
           by
           this
           means
           shuts
           out
           the
           company
           that
           attended
           the
           King
           :
           Soon
           after
           ,
           
           many
           of
           them
           are
           Imprisoned
           ,
           but
           all
           obtain
           a
           Pardon
           ,
           except
           the
           Earl
           of
           Goury
           ,
           who
           was
           Arraigned
           ,
           Condemned
           ,
           and
           Executed
           ,
           
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1584.
           
        
         
           About
           which
           time
           there
           is
           a
           Plot
           discovered
           in
           England
           ,
           to
           set
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           at
           Liberty
           ;
           in
           which
           the
           Lord
           
             Pag●t
             Throgmorton
          
           and
           others
           were
           concerned
           ,
           who
           accordingly
           suffered
           for
           it
           .
           But
           the
           Suspition
           of
           all
           reflected
           upon
           Queen
           Mary
           ,
           which
           hastened
           her
           ruine
           :
           Whereupon
           she
           was
           removed
           from
           her
           Fifteen
           Years
           Imprisonment
           under
           the
           Earl
           of
           Shrewsberry
           ,
           to
           Sir
           
             Amias
             Pawlet
          
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Drew
             Drury
          
           in
           Fothrengam
           Castle
           ,
           on
           purpose
           to
           put
           her
           upon
           extremities
           of
           Redress
           against
           their
           extream
           Imprisoning
           :
           Whereupon
           she
           deals
           with
           the
           Pope
           and
           Spain
           to
           hasten
           the
           means
           of
           her
           Relief
           ,
           but
           it
           proved
           the
           hastening
           of
           her
           destruction
           .
        
         
           The
           Council
           of
           England
           after
           long
           deliberation
           what
           to
           do
           with
           Queen
           Mary
           ,
           at
           last
           resolved
           to
           proceed
           against
           her
           upon
           Act
           27.
           
           
             Eliz.
             Against
             Plotters
             or
             Contrivers
             of
             the
             Queens
             Death
             .
          
           To
           which
           purpose
           a
           Commission
           under
           the
           Great
           Seal
           issued
           out
           ,
           Impowering
           twenty-four
           Noble-Men
           and
           others
           therein
           ,
           who
           came
           to
           the
           Castle
           the
           11th
           .
           of
           Octob.
           1536.
           to
           Try
           her
           .
           The
           manner
           of
           her
           Tryal
           
           was
           thus
           .
           A
           Chair
           of
           State
           was
           set
           ,
           as
           for
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           ,
           at
           the
           upper
           end
           of
           the
           Presence
           Chamber
           .
           Beneath
           against
           it
           was
           placed
           a
           Chair
           for
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ;
           close
           to
           the
           Walls
           on
           both
           sides
           of
           the
           Cloath
           of
           Estate
           ,
           seats
           were
           made
           for
           the
           Lords
           ;
           next
           to
           these
           were
           the
           Knights
           ,
           Privy
           Councellors
           .
           Forward
           before
           the
           Earls
           ,
           sate
           the
           two
           Chief
           Justices
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           other
           two
           Justices
           .
           At
           a
           Table
           in
           the
           midst
           sate
           the
           Attorney
           General
           ,
           the
           Solicitor
           ,
           a
           Sergeant
           at
           Law
           ,
           the
           Clerk
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           two
           Notaries
           .
        
         
           The
           Inditement
           being
           read
           ,
           she
           declined
           their
           Jurisdiction
           ,
           being
           a
           free
           Princess
           ,
           and
           not
           a
           Subject
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ;
           to
           which
           it
           was
           Answered
           ,
           That
           her
           declinator
           was
           in
           vain
           ,
           for
           whosoever
           offends
           the
           Laws
           of
           England
           in
           England
           must
           be
           subject
           to
           the
           same
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           examined
           and
           Judged
           .
           So
           they
           proceeded
           to
           examine
           the
           Evidence
           ,
           and
           after
           a
           long
           Tryal
           ,
           and
           much
           spoken
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           she
           is
           found
           guilty
           .
           Not
           many
           dayes
           after
           a
           Parliament
           was
           called
           ,
           wherein
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           was
           besought
           ,
           that
           the
           Sentence
           against
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scots
           ,
           might
           be
           put
           in
           Execution
           .
           The
           Queen
           desired
           that
           some
           other
           methods
           might
           be
           consulted
           for
           safely
           ,
           and
           that
           
           poor
           distressed
           Queen
           spared
           ;
           but
           they
           answer
           ,
           What
           no
           other
           satisfaction
           ▪
           Whereupon
           the
           Sentence
           was
           Proclaimed
           throughout
           London
           and
           all
           the
           Kingdom
           ▪
           King
           James
           hearing
           of
           his
           Mothers
           condition
           ,
           writ
           several
           Letters
           to
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           passionately
           desiring
           ,
           that
           the
           Sentence
           might
           be
           reversed
           ;
           but
           all
           to
           no
           purpose
           :
           for
           soon
           after
           she
           signed
           a
           Warrant
           for
           a
           Mandate
           fitted
           for
           the
           Great
           Seal
           for
           her
           Execution
           ,
           which
           was
           performed
           upon
           Wednesday
           ,
           the
           8th
           .
           of
           February
           ,
           1586.
           
        
         
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           immediately
           after
           Writes
           a
           Letter
           full
           of
           Apologies
           ,
           and
           fair
           promises
           to
           King
           James
           ;
           yet
           notwithstanding
           in
           great
           discontent
           ,
           he
           calls
           home
           his
           Ambassadours
           from
           the
           Court
           of
           England
           .
           The
           States
           of
           Scotland
           urge
           him
           to
           a
           revenge
           :
           The
           King
           of
           Spain
           also
           ,
           and
           the
           Pope
           promise
           him
           great
           assistance
           ,
           if
           he
           would
           undertake
           it
           ;
           but
           he
           thought
           fit
           to
           delay
           for
           a
           time
           ,
           which
           made
           England
           the
           more
           suspitious
           of
           his
           Designs
           .
           Wherefore
           an
           Ambassadour
           was
           sent
           to
           him
           ,
           earnestly
           desiring
           him
           to
           take
           off
           his
           adherence
           from
           Forreign
           Friendship
           ,
           assuring
           him
           that
           his
           Mothers
           fate
           would
           be
           no
           prejudice
           to
           his
           right
           of
           Succession
           ,
           which
           was
           a
           powerful
           Argument
           with
           him
           .
        
         
         
           The
           next
           Year
           ,
           the
           Kings
           Marriage
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Denmarks
           Daughter
           was
           agreed
           upon
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           Popish
           Lords
           ,
           such
           as
           
             Huntly
             ,
             Cranford
          
           and
           A●rol
           ,
           make
           a
           Rebellion
           in
           the
           North
           ;
           to
           suppress
           which
           ,
           the
           King
           himself
           went
           in
           Person
           ;
           at
           his
           coming
           ,
           the
           Rebels
           disperse
           ;
           the
           Headers
           of
           them
           submitted
           to
           the
           Kings
           Mercy
           ,
           and
           are
           commited
           close
           Prisoners
           ,
           and
           not
           long
           after
           Tryed
           and
           found
           Guilty
           ;
           but
           the
           Sentence
           was
           delayed
           to
           an
           indefinite
           time
           ,
           which
           at
           last
           turned
           to
           a
           Pardon
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           hearing
           that
           his
           Marriage
           was
           consumated
           at
           Denmark
           by
           Proxie
           ,
           and
           the
           Queen
           at
           Sea
           ,
           was
           soon
           after
           surprised
           with
           the
           News
           ,
           that
           her
           Navy
           was
           beat
           into
           Norway
           by
           a
           Storm
           :
           He
           presently
           resolves
           to
           go
           thither
           ,
           and
           meet
           Her
           ,
           which
           he
           does
           very
           privately
           ;
           leaving
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           his
           Council
           .
           Within
           five
           dayes
           he
           arrives
           at
           Norway
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           solemnly
           Marryed
           the
           next
           Sunday
           .
           From
           thence
           he
           went
           with
           his
           Queen
           to
           Visit
           the
           Queen
           Mother
           of
           Denmark
           ;
           where
           they
           staid
           till
           April
           following
           :
           Then
           having
           sent
           for
           Shipping
           to
           return
           ,
           they
           Landed
           at
           Leith
           the
           20
           th
           .
           day
           of
           
             May
             ,
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1590.
           and
           a
           little
           after
           the
           Queen
           was
           solemnly
           Crowned
           at
           Holy-Rood-House
           .
        
         
         
           Though
           the
           King
           made
           severe
           Laws
           against
           Feuds
           ,
           yet
           were
           they
           not
           quite
           suppressed
           ,
           for
           by
           reason
           of
           a
           quarrel
           between
           the
           Earles
           of
           Huntly
           ,
           and
           Murray
           the
           North
           broke
           very
           loose
           ,
           as
           did
           the
           Kers
           also
           in
           the
           South
           ;
           but
           they
           were
           soon
           suppressed
           ,
           till
           Bothwel
           afterward
           (
           being
           Imprisoned
           ,
           for
           consulting
           with
           Witches
           to
           take
           away
           the
           Kings
           Life
           ,
           and
           having
           escaped
           ,
           made
           an
           attempt
           upon
           the
           Kings
           Lodgings
           ,
           and
           was
           repulsed
           ;
           )
           being
           suspected
           to
           have
           been
           with
           Murray
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           Huntly
           procures
           a
           Warrant
           to
           take
           him
           ;
           and
           coming
           to
           Dunnibirsle
           ,
           where
           Murray
           was
           ,
           firing
           the
           House
           ,
           Murray
           attempting
           to
           make
           his
           Escape
           was
           Barbarously
           Murdered
           .
        
         
           Bothwel
           having
           so
           often
           been
           disappointed
           of
           his
           designes
           ,
           at
           last
           having
           got
           some
           of
           the
           Lords
           on
           his
           side
           ,
           he
           came
           in
           by
           the
           Postern-gate
           ,
           under
           disguise
           of
           attending
           my
           Lady
           Athole
           ,
           with
           another
           of
           his
           Companions
           armed
           ,
           to
           the
           very
           Bed-Chamber
           ;
           where
           he
           forced
           the
           King
           to
           grant
           him
           a
           Pardon
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           next
           day
           repealed
           in
           Council
           ,
           and
           Bothwel
           and
           his
           Associates
           forced
           to
           fly
           .
        
         
           
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1593.
           
           The
           Queen
           was
           delivered
           of
           her
           first
           Born
           in
           Sterli●g
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           Christned
           in
           the
           Chappel
           Roval
           ,
           by
           the
           Name
           of
           
             Henry
             Frederick
          
           .
           Two
           
           Years
           after
           ,
           Princess
           Elizabeth
           was
           born
           at
           Edenburgh
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           resolving
           to
           bring
           the
           Church
           of
           Scotland
           to
           a
           Conformity
           in
           Government
           ,
           and
           Ceremonies
           ,
           did
           occasion
           much
           confusion
           ;
           for
           the
           Ministers
           strong
           opposed
           ;
           having
           also
           a
           great
           part
           of
           the
           Nobility
           on
           their
           side
           .
           The
           Popish
           Lords
           and
           others
           unable
           to
           stand
           out
           any
           longer
           ,
           submitted
           to
           the
           Censure
           of
           the
           Church
           .
           The
           next
           Year
           a
           Parliament
           is
           called
           ,
           wherein
           the
           King
           will
           have
           some
           of
           the
           Ministers
           sit
           as
           representing
           the
           Church
           ;
           being
           Church
           Affairs
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           Affairs
           of
           State
           are
           handled
           there
           .
        
         
           
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1599.
           
           John
           Earl
           of
           Goury
           ,
           and
           his
           Brother
           Alexander
           ,
           attempt
           to
           kill
           the
           King
           at
           Perth
           ;
           but
           both
           of
           them
           dyed
           in
           the
           attempt
           ,
           and
           had
           all
           their
           Lands
           seized
           for
           the
           Kings
           use
           .
           In
           commemoration
           of
           which
           ,
           the
           5th
           .
           of
           August
           is
           annually
           celebrated
           .
        
         
           The
           26
           th
           of
           February
           ,
           1600.
           
           Prince
           Charles
           was
           born
           at
           Domfermling
           ,
           which
           afterward
           was
           King
           of
           Great
           Britain
           ,
           &c.
           
           The
           Jesuits
           having
           no
           hope
           of
           Toleration
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           all
           their
           Politicks
           having
           failed
           them
           ,
           they
           went
           the
           old
           way
           to
           work
           .
           One
           Moubray
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Spai●
           ,
           undertook
           to
           kill
           King
           James
           ,
           but
           as
           he
           was
           upon
           his
           way
           to
           London
           ,
           he
           
           was
           discovered
           by
           an
           Italian
           ,
           who
           accused
           him
           of
           his
           intended
           Murther
           ;
           whereupon
           they
           were
           both
           taken
           ,
           and
           sent
           to
           
             Scotland
             .
             Moubray
          
           was
           committed
           to
           the
           Castle
           ;
           where
           having
           found
           a
           way
           to
           break
           the
           Iron
           Grates
           of
           the
           Prison
           window
           ,
           thought
           to
           have
           let
           himself
           down
           by
           a
           Rope
           ;
           which
           proving
           too
           short
           ,
           he
           fell
           from
           the
           precipice
           ,
           and
           dashed
           out
           his
           braines
           upon
           a
           Rock
           .
        
         
           Queen
           Elizabeths
           health
           beginning
           to
           decay
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           her
           age
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           troubles
           she
           had
           undergone
           ,
           removes
           from
           London
           to
           Richmond
           ,
           where
           she
           daily
           became
           weaker
           and
           weaker
           .
           The
           Lord
           Admiral
           ,
           Lord
           Keeper
           ,
           and
           Secretary
           Cecil
           came
           from
           the
           Council
           to
           know
           her
           pleasure
           concerning
           her
           Successor
           .
           She
           answered
           ,
           
             My
             Throne
             is
             for
             a
             King
             ,
             none
             oth●●
             shall
             Succeed
             me
             .
             Cecil
          
           asked
           her
           ,
           
             What
             King
          
           ?
           She
           said
           ,
           
             What
             other
             King
             ,
             than
             my
             Kinsman
             the
             King
             of
          
           Scots
           :
           Then
           after
           some
           time
           not
           stirring
           ,
           she
           leasurely
           turned
           her
           head
           about
           and
           dyed
           ,
           the
           Seventyeth
           year
           of
           her
           Age
           ,
           the
           24th
           .
           of
           March.
           1602.
           
        
         
           Her
           eyes
           being
           shut
           ,
           the
           same
           day
           the
           Lords
           Spiritual
           and
           Temporal
           being
           Assembled
           ,
           proclaimed
           her
           death
           ,
           and
           declared
           King
           James
           her
           Successor
           :
           Presently
           Posting
           Letters
           to
           him
           ,
           acquainting
           
           him
           with
           the
           Queens
           Death
           ,
           and
           (
           being
           a
           Body
           without
           a
           Head
           )
           humbly
           desiring
           his
           Majesty
           to
           hasten
           to
           them
           ,
           how
           soon
           ,
           and
           in
           what
           manner
           he
           pleaseth
           .
           The
           King
           having
           communicated
           these
           Letters
           to
           his
           Privy-Council
           ;
           returns
           them
           his
           acknowledgment
           of
           their
           dutifull
           Affection
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           sets
           out
           for
           England
           ,
           ordering
           the
           Queen
           to
           follow
           Twenty
           days
           after
           ,
           the
           Princes
           
             Henry
             ,
             Charles
          
           ,
           and
           Princess
           Elizabeth
           at
           further
           Pleasure
           .
           He
           was
           most
           magnificently
           Entertained
           all
           the
           way
           ,
           having
           a
           Gallant
           train
           of
           Scottish
           Noblemen
           and
           other
           Gentlemen
           ,
           to
           convey
           him
           to
           Berwick
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           most
           magnificently
           received
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           accompanied
           with
           Shouts
           and
           Acclamations
           of
           Joy
           by
           all
           ranks
           ,
           in
           his
           Journey
           through
           England
           ,
           till
           he
           came
           to
           London
           .
           His
           first
           Reception
           was
           in
           the
           Charter-House
           ,
           where
           he
           stayed
           four
           days
           ,
           having
           confered
           the
           Honour
           of
           Knighthood
           upon
           80
           Gentlemen
           .
           On
           St.
           
           Jameses's
           day
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           were
           Crowned
           at
           Westminster
           in
           the
           Fatal
           Marble
           Chair
           .
        
         
           Secretary
           Elphingston
           was
           within
           a
           few
           years
           after
           accused
           by
           the
           King
           ,
           for
           Writing
           Letters
           to
           the
           Pope
           in
           his
           Name
           ;
           which
           he
           confessed
           ,
           and
           was
           thereupon
           committed
           ,
           but
           soon
           after
           pardoned
           .
        
         
         
           The
           King
           was
           not
           allowed
           to
           enjoy
           the
           pleasure
           of
           his
           new
           Title
           with
           Peace
           ,
           for
           soon
           after
           followed
           the
           Treason
           of
           the
           Lord
           Cobham
           and
           Gray
           ,
           with
           Sir
           
             Walter
             Rawley
          
           ,
           and
           others
           ;
           for
           which
           ,
           some
           of
           the
           number
           being
           condemned
           to
           dye
           ,
           and
           brought
           to
           the
           very
           Block
           ,
           obtained
           a
           Pardon
           .
        
         
           His
           Majesty
           took
           upon
           him
           the
           Title
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           ,
           to
           take
           away
           every
           thing
           that
           might
           be
           occasion
           of
           discord
           amongst
           the
           Subjects
           of
           the
           two
           Kingdoms
           ,
           and
           to
           that
           effect
           were
           sundry
           of
           his
           Majesties
           Chief
           Officers
           of
           Estate
           ,
           sent
           for
           to
           England
           by
           Commission
           ;
           viz.
           The
           Earl
           of
           Mo●●rose
           Great
           Chancellour
           of
           
             Scotland
             .
             Francis
          
           Earl
           of
           Errol
           ,
           Lord
           great
           Constable
           ,
           Alexander
           Lord
           Urquhart
           and
           Fyve
           President
           .
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Hamilton
          
           Advocate
           ,
           the
           Lords
           ,
           Lithgow
           and
           Roxburgh
           ;
           with
           sundry
           others
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           with
           Sir
           
             John
             Sharp
          
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Craig
          
           ,
           Learned
           Lawyers
           .
           These
           meeting
           with
           the
           Chancellour
           ,
           Treasurer
           ,
           Secretary
           ,
           had
           many
           Learned
           Orations
           ,
           Conferences
           ,
           and
           Speeches
           ,
           wherein
           the
           King
           assisted
           himself
           sometime
           in
           person
           .
           This
           great
           meeting
           was
           dissolved
           without
           any
           great
           business
           done
           .
        
         
           At
           this
           time
           came
           to
           
             England
             Don
             John
             de
             Velasco
          
           great
           Constable
           of
           Castile
           ,
           and
           
           Extraordinary
           Ambassador
           from
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           to
           take
           Oath
           of
           the
           King
           for
           observation
           of
           the
           Articles
           of
           Peace
           concluded
           between
           these
           two
           Kings
           .
           Like
           as
           Baron
           Howard
           of
           Essingham
           ,
           and
           Earl
           of
           Nottingham
           ,
           and
           High
           Admiral
           of
           England
           ,
           was
           sent
           into
           Spain
           ,
           to
           take
           the
           King
           of
           
           Spain's
           Oath
           for
           observation
           of
           Peace
           .
           Like
           as
           Edward
           Baron
           of
           Beauchamp
           and
           Earl
           of
           Hartford
           ,
           were
           sent
           into
           the
           low
           Countries
           for
           the
           same
           purpose
           .
           The
           Earl
           of
           Rutland
           was
           sent
           into
           Denmark
           ,
           and
           sundry
           Noblemen
           and
           Gentlemen
           ,
           to
           sundry
           Kings
           and
           Princes
           ,
           and
           Common-wealths
           ,
           his
           Confederates
           and
           Allyances
           .
           
             Thomas
             Percie
             ,
             Robert
             Catesbee
             ,
             Thomas
             Winter
             ,
          
           by
           the
           instigation
           of
           some
           Jesuits
           ,
           having
           intended
           to
           Overthrow
           the
           King
           ,
           His
           Queen
           ,
           and
           Posterity
           ,
           at
           one
           blow
           ,
           intended
           that
           most
           inhumane
           and
           barbarous
           Treason
           ,
           called
           ,
           The
           Powder-Plot
           ;
           and
           to
           that
           effect
           ,
           associating
           themselves
           with
           Sir
           
             Edward
             Dick●ee
             ,
             Ambrose
             Rockwood
             ,
             John
             Grant
             ,
          
           the
           two
           Wrights
           ,
           with
           sundry
           others
           fell
           to
           digging
           of
           the
           Vault
           ,
           where
           after
           long
           travail
           ,
           hearing
           that
           the
           Cellers
           were
           to
           Let
           ,
           Hyring
           the
           Cellers
           which
           were
           under
           the
           Parliament
           House
           ,
           to
           the
           use
           of
           Mr.
           
             Thomas
             Piercie
          
           one
           of
           the
           Kings
           Gentlemen
           Pensioners
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           the
           chief
           Plotters
           ;
           where
           conveying
           in
           
           the
           said
           Cellers
           under
           the
           Parliament-House
           ,
           a
           great
           quantity
           of
           Gun-Powder
           ,
           with
           Billets
           and
           Faggots
           ,
           with
           sundry
           other
           combustible
           stuff
           ,
           the
           principle
           Plotters
           removed
           themselves
           to
           Warwickshire
           ,
           under
           pretence
           of
           a
           Match
           Hunting
           ,
           and
           at
           that
           time
           to
           surprise
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           ,
           then
           in
           the
           custody
           of
           the
           Lord
           Hadington
           ,
           whom
           they
           meant
           to
           proclaim
           Queen
           ,
           and
           in
           her
           Name
           to
           enter
           into
           Arms.
           But
           there
           is
           an
           eye
           in
           Heaven
           ,
           that
           seeth
           mens
           actions
           ,
           and
           lays
           them
           open
           to
           the
           view
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           by
           weak
           means
           ,
           and
           weak
           instruments
           :
           All
           things
           succeeding
           thus
           happily
           ,
           as
           they
           thought
           ;
           and
           leaving
           Faukes
           ,
           alias
           Johnstoun
           to
           give
           Fire
           to
           the
           Train
           in
           the
           Night
           time
           by
           Torch
           :
           The
           Lord
           Monteagle
           going
           along
           in
           his
           Coach
           ,
           an
           unknown
           Fellow
           presents
           him
           with
           a
           Letter
           :
           The
           tenor
           whereof
           was
           to
           withdraw
           his
           Lordship
           from
           that
           session
           of
           parliament
           ,
           wherein
           there
           was
           something
           to
           be
           done
           against
           the
           Catholicks
           ,
           but
           there
           was
           a
           terrible
           blow
           to
           be
           given
           ,
           and
           no
           man
           should
           know
           who
           should
           be
           the
           giver
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           when
           the
           Letter
           was
           burnt
           ,
           the
           Peril
           was
           ended
           .
           My
           Lord
           Monteagle
           ,
           in
           Religion
           Popish
           ,
           notwithstanding
           delivereth
           the
           Letter
           to
           Salisbury
           ,
           who
           acquainting
           my
           Lord
           Chamberlain
           ,
           and
           after
           my
           Lord
           Admiral
           ,
           and
           
           the
           Earls
           of
           Worster
           ,
           and
           Northampton
           ,
           who
           not
           finding
           out
           the
           meaning
           of
           the
           Letter
           ,
           and
           knowing
           that
           the
           KING
           was
           well
           seen
           in
           such
           hid
           misteries
           ,
           present
           it
           to
           his
           MAJESTY
           in
           the
           privy
           Gallery
           :
           The
           King
           Reading
           it
           over
           ,
           and
           over
           again
           ,
           Salisbury
           told
           him
           that
           he
           thought
           some
           Mad
           Fellow
           had
           written
           it
           :
           his
           Majesty
           asking
           the
           reason
           of
           Salisbury
           :
           He
           replyed
           ,
           because
           he
           writ
           there
           was
           a
           terrible
           blow
           to
           be
           given
           ,
           and
           no
           man
           should
           know
           who
           should
           be
           the
           giver
           :
           His
           Majestie
           answered
           ,
           that
           the
           last
           sentence
           made
           the
           other
           more
           clear
           :
           
             That
             the
             Letter
             being
             burnt
             ,
             the
             Peril
             was
             ended
             ,
          
           which
           the
           burning
           of
           the
           Letter
           could
           make
           to
           no
           purpose
           to
           hinder
           the
           Peril
           .
           The
           King
           assured
           him
           that
           is
           was
           some
           blowing
           up
           of
           powder
           ,
           and
           therefore
           desired
           that
           his
           houses
           might
           be
           surveyed
           .
           After
           examination
           ,
           Wh●ngard
           ,
           keeper
           of
           the
           Parliament
           House
           ,
           told
           that
           he
           had
           let
           the
           House
           to
           Mr.
           
             Thomas
             Perci●
          
           ;
           &
           after
           some
           pains
           taken
           that
           same
           night
           ,
           by
           the
           Lord
           Chamberlain
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Knevet
           ,
           Mr.
           Doublede
           ,
           found
           the
           foresaid
           Faukes
           with
           a
           Dark
           Lanthorn
           ,
           ready
           to
           enter
           the
           House
           ,
           but
           he
           being
           apprehended
           ,
           the
           Blow
           was
           prevented
           ;
           where
           swift
           fame
           carrying
           it
           down
           to
           the
           Country
           ,
           the
           principal
           Plotters
           
           knew
           not
           where
           to
           flee
           to
           hide
           their
           heads
           .
           They
           surprize
           Warwick
           Castle
           ,
           where
           being
           affrighted
           with
           drying
           of
           Gun-Powder
           ,
           and
           other
           strange
           Dreams
           ,
           seeing
           Castles
           and
           Towers
           blown
           up
           in
           the
           Air
           ,
           they
           were
           at
           last
           besieged
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           Warwick
           where
           Percie
           and
           Catesbee
           were
           both
           Shot
           with
           one
           Musquet
           ,
           shot
           back
           to
           back
           ,
           the
           rest
           were
           apprehended
           and
           brought
           to
           London
           ,
           where
           after
           the
           Confession
           of
           all
           for
           the
           most
           part
           ,
           and
           penitence
           and
           contrition
           in
           some
           ,
           craving
           pardon
           of
           his
           Majestie
           and
           Countrie
           ,
           for
           such
           an
           horrible
           and
           inhumane
           Fact
           ,
           
             Catesbee
             ,
             Grant
             ,
             Winter
          
           ,
           and
           Bates
           were
           Executed
           at
           the
           West
           of
           Pauls
           ;
           as
           also
           ,
           Winter
           ,
           the
           two
           Wrights
           ,
           and
           Faukes
           ,
           and
           
             Ambrose
             Rockwood
          
           at
           Westminster
           .
           So
           here
           we
           see
           the
           God
           of
           light
           brought
           the
           deed
           of
           Darkness
           to
           light
           ,
           and
           as
           they
           said
           by
           their
           Confession
           ,
           to
           cast
           the
           aspersion
           and
           Guilt
           of
           the
           Action
           upon
           the
           Puritanes
           ,
           so
           the
           God
           of
           Heaven
           would
           have
           it
           to
           fall
           upon
           the
           Plotters
           themselves
           .
        
         
           After
           this
           followed
           the
           Nuptial
           of
           that
           Noble
           Lady
           ,
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           ,
           matched
           with
           the
           Prince
           Palatine
           of
           the
           Rhyne
           .
           At
           which
           time
           that
           Noble
           Prince
           ,
           Prince
           Henry
           ▪
           a
           prince
           so
           compleat
           of
           all
           Vertues
           ,
           that
           Europe
           could
           not
           shew
           his
           second
           ,
           a
           
           Prince
           so
           
           Mars-like
           ,
           and
           so
           beloved
           of
           all
           military
           men
           ,
           and
           so
           beloved
           of
           them
           ;
           that
           true
           Moecenas
           of
           Vertue
           ,
           and
           Learning
           ;
           as
           appeared
           by
           his
           Valiant
           ,
           his
           Active
           ,
           and
           his
           Princely
           prise
           ,
           wherein
           he
           intituled
           himself
           by
           the
           Name
           ,
           Moeliades
           ,
           Lord
           of
           the
           Isles
           ;
           challenging
           the
           Gentrie
           of
           Great
           Britain
           ;
           which
           was
           performed
           in
           the
           Hall
           of
           Whitehall
           by
           Torch
           Light
           ;
           the
           challengers
           were
           with
           him
           ,
           the
           Duke
           of
           Lennox
           ,
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Arundal
             ,
             Southampton
             ,
             Pembr●ke
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Somerset
          
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             Richard
             Preston
          
           ;
           where
           before
           the
           King
           ,
           the
           Queen
           ,
           the
           Peers
           of
           the
           whole
           Island
           ,
           with
           the
           concurrence
           of
           all
           Forraign
           Ambassadors
           ,
           where
           he
           gave
           testimony
           of
           his
           Activeness
           ,
           Agility
           and
           Quickness
           ,
           which
           cannot
           be
           expressed
           to
           the
           Life
           ,
           how
           every
           thing
           was
           done
           in
           the
           Action
           ,
           and
           performed
           ,
           and
           the
           prises
           given
           to
           the
           defendants
           ,
           where
           the
           challengers
           and
           defendants
           were
           most
           Royally
           Feasted
           the
           next
           day
           ,
           as
           the
           prise
           and
           reward
           of
           their
           Vertue
           and
           Valour
           ,
           given
           by
           the
           Noblest
           Lady
           of
           Britain
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Tennor
           of
           the
           challenge
           ;
           and
           was
           given
           by
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           his
           sister
           ,
           viz.
           1.
           
           Philip
           Earl
           of
           Montgomerie
           .
           2.
           
           
             Thomas
             Dearsie
          
           ,
           son
           to
           the
           Lord
           Dearsie
           .
           3.
           
           Sir
           
             Robert
             Gordon
          
           of
           Lochinvar
           .
           This
           Triumph
           being
           ended
           to
           his
           no
           small
           
           Honour
           .
           Much
           more
           might
           be
           said
           of
           this
           great
           Prince
           ,
           who
           was
           taken
           away
           in
           the
           prime
           of
           his
           Years
           ,
           (
           to
           the
           great
           grief
           of
           all
           his
           Majesties
           most
           loving
           subjects
           )
           to
           eternal
           happiness
           :
           for
           our
           sun-set
           ,
           ensued
           no
           night
           ,
           by
           arising
           of
           the
           day
           star
           of
           our
           Britain
           ,
           CHARLES
           our
           hope
           ,
           who
           long
           may
           raign
           over
           us
           .
        
         
           His
           Majesty
           being
           possest
           with
           a
           longing
           desire
           to
           see
           his
           Ancient
           native
           Kingdom
           ;
           made
           Progress
           in
           Anno
           1617.
           and
           did
           so
           much
           by
           easie
           journey
           ,
           till
           he
           came
           to
           Berwick
           upon
           Tweed
           ;
           where
           he
           reposed
           himself
           two
           or
           three
           dayes
           .
           From
           thence
           he
           came
           to
           the
           Bound-Rod
           :
           The
           Earle
           Hume
           hereditary
           Sheriff
           of
           the
           Mers
           ,
           welcomed
           his
           Majesty
           with
           a
           gallant
           train
           of
           Gentlemen
           ,
           being
           three
           thousand
           well
           mounted
           .
           His
           Majesty
           alighted
           at
           the
           Rod
           ,
           and
           received
           the
           Dukes
           of
           Lennox
           and
           Buckingham
           ,
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Arundale
             ,
             Rutland
             ,
             Pembroke
             ,
             Southampton
             ,
             Montgomery
             ,
          
           and
           Carlile
           ,
           with
           many
           others
           of
           his
           Court
           ,
           very
           Royally
           ,
           making
           them
           welcome
           ;
           and
           mounted
           his
           Horse
           again
           :
           He
           rode
           to
           Dunglasse
           the
           Earl
           of
           Hume
           his
           residence
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           bountifully
           entertained
           .
           The
           next
           day
           he
           removed
           to
           Seaton
           ,
           the
           residence
           of
           the
           Earl
           Winton
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           most
           Royally
           entertained
           .
           The
           next
           day
           he
           rode
           forward
           towards
           Edinburgh
           ,
           where
           compassing
           the
           
           Town
           ,
           riding
           the
           way
           of
           the
           Long-gate
           ,
           he
           entred
           the
           West
           Port
           ,
           where
           the
           Provost
           ,
           Bayliffs
           and
           Counsel
           attended
           him
           in
           their
           bounds
           ;
           where
           Mr.
           
             John
             Hay
          
           ,
           in
           name
           of
           the
           town
           ,
           made
           an
           eloquent
           Oration
           ,
           welcoming
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           and
           was
           delivered
           to
           him
           a
           fair
           Bason
           with
           a
           thousand
           Pieces
           of
           Gold.
           Riding
           along
           to
           the
           high
           Church
           ,
           being
           conducted
           by
           the
           Trained
           Bands
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           being
           clad
           in
           Velvet
           and
           Satin
           with
           Partizados
           in
           their
           hands
           ;
           and
           entring
           there
           he
           heard
           a
           Learned
           Sermon
           ,
           by
           the
           Right
           Reverend
           Father
           in
           God
           the
           Arch-bishop
           of
           St.
           Andrews
           ;
           where
           after
           Sermon
           ,
           he
           mounted
           his
           Horse
           and
           going
           toward
           the
           Abby
           ,
           where
           at
           St.
           Johns
           Cross
           ,
           the
           Provost
           taking
           leave
           of
           him
           ,
           his
           Majesty
           Knighted
           him
           .
           And
           within
           few
           dayes
           his
           Majesty
           rode
           to
           his
           Parliament
           ,
           with
           his
           Peers
           ,
           Prelats
           ,
           Barons
           ,
           and
           Burgesses
           ,
           and
           thereafter
           was
           most
           sumptuously
           feasted
           by
           the
           Town
           of
           Edinburgh
           .
           It
           is
           needless
           to
           set
           down
           in
           particulars
           what
           was
           done
           ,
           because
           I
           intend
           Brevity
           .
           His
           Majesty
           removed
           to
           Linlithgow
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           Striviling
           ;
           where
           he
           was
           feasted
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Marre
           :
           Thereafter
           he
           went
           to
           
             Dunfermling
             ,
             Faulkland
             ,
             Scone
          
           ,
           &c.
           
           Where
           by
           the
           way
           he
           was
           feasted
           at
           Dearcie
           the
           Arch-Bishops
           residence
           .
           It
           were
           tedious
           to
           rehearse
           the
           Learned
           Orations
           ,
           Poetical
           Poems
           ,
           which
           
           were
           presented
           to
           His
           Majesty
           and
           are
           extant
           in
           a
           Book
           ,
           called
           ,
           
             The
             Muses
             Welcome
          
           .
           His
           Majesty
           crossing
           Tay
           to
           Angus
           ,
           had
           every
           where
           most
           Royal
           Entertainment
           ;
           and
           returning
           the
           same
           way
           to
           Sterling
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           Glasgow
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           received
           by
           the
           Town
           :
           Thereafter
           he
           went
           to
           Lochlowmount
           ,
           where
           he
           hunted
           ,
           and
           slew
           many
           Deer
           ;
           and
           crossing
           the
           River
           of
           Clyde
           to
           Pasiey
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           Entertained
           three
           dayes
           together
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           Abercorne
           :
           From
           thence
           to
           Hamilton
           Pallace
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           Honourably
           Entertained
           by
           the
           Marquess
           :
           From
           thence
           to
           Sanquihair
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           Dumfries
           :
           Thereafter
           crossing
           the
           River
           of
           Eske
           ,
           he
           went
           to
           Carlile
           ,
           where
           he
           kept
           his
           fifth
           Day
           of
           August
           .
           And
           so
           taking
           along
           the
           West
           Sea
           Bank
           ,
           through
           the
           Countries
           of
           
             Cumber
             ,
             Westmerland
             ,
             Lancashire
          
           ,
           and
           Cheshire
           ,
           and
           so
           crossing
           through
           the
           middle
           of
           England
           ,
           he
           returned
           to
           London
           in
           health
           ,
           with
           great
           joy
           and
           content
           of
           His
           Majesties
           loving
           Subjects
           ;
           where
           he
           lived
           a
           long
           time
           after
           in
           great
           Tranquillity
           and
           Peace
           with
           the
           Christian
           Princes
           his
           Neighbours
           ,
           ballancing
           the
           affaires
           of
           Europe
           ,
           and
           labouring
           the
           peace
           and
           quiet
           of
           all
           Christendom
           .
           His
           Piety
           ,
           Religion
           ,
           Learning
           ,
           Bounty
           and
           Mercy
           ,
           would
           of
           it self
           take
           a
           Volume
           ,
           but
           every
           one
           of
           these
           lives
           
           after
           him
           ,
           and
           speaks
           for
           him
           ,
           as
           may
           appear
           by
           many
           excellent
           Poems
           he
           writ
           ,
           as
           some
           part
           of
           Davids
           Psalmes
           ,
           some
           part
           of
           
             Du
             Bartus
          
           Divine
           weeks
           ,
           Lepanto
           ,
           his
           
             Basilicon
             doron
          
           ,
           his
           Book
           of
           Demonology
           ,
           his
           premonition
           to
           Christian
           Princes
           ,
           his
           Book
           against
           
             Conradus
             Vorstius
          
           ,
           &c.
           are
           all
           sufficient
           of
           themselves
           to
           testify
           of
           him
           ,
           and
           need
           no
           other
           blazing
           .
           He
           went
           to
           England
           the
           36.
           of
           his
           Age
           ,
           and
           brought
           with
           him
           his
           Queen
           ,
           with
           a
           Goodly
           and
           Royal
           Progeny
           ,
           bringing
           with
           him
           Kingdoms
           ,
           Unity
           ,
           Peace
           and
           Plenty
           ,
           and
           ending
           his
           Pilgrimage
           (
           being
           full
           of
           dayes
           )
           at
           his
           House
           in
           Theobalds
           the
           59th
           .
           Year
           of
           his
           Raigne
           ,
           upon
           the
           Sabbath
           ,
           to
           the
           everlasting
           Sabbath
           ,
           where
           he
           rests
           .
           He
           was
           buried
           at
           Westminster
           .
        
         
           This
           Illustrious
           Monarch
           having
           dyed
           in
           a
           good
           old
           Age
           ,
           left
           the
           Diadem
           of
           Three
           Kingdoms
           ,
           in
           Succession
           ,
           to
           his
           Son
           Charles
           ,
           the
           first
           of
           that
           Name
           ,
           who
           was
           immediately
           Proclaimed
           ,
           being
           on
           a
           Sunday
           morning
           ,
           when
           Doctor
           Laud
           then
           Bishop
           of
           St.
           Davids
           ,
           was
           in
           the
           Pulpit
           at
           White-Hall
           ,
           and
           broke
           off
           his
           Sermon
           upon
           the
           first
           Notion
           of
           the
           Fathers
           Death
           .
           He
           was
           set
           upon
           the
           Throne
           ,
           
             A.
             M.
          
           5682.
           
           
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1624.
           
           He
           Married
           Henrietta-Maria
           ,
           Daughter
           to
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           Henry
           the
           Fourth
           ;
           and
           Sister
           to
           
           Lewes
           the
           Thirteenth
           ,
           of
           the
           Family
           of
           the
           B●urbones
           ,
           whom
           he
           had
           formerly
           seen
           ,
           as
           he
           passed
           through
           France
           into
           Spain
           :
           Having
           gone
           to
           meet
           her
           at
           Dover
           ,
           his
           first
           Complement
           to
           her
           ,
           was
           ,
           
             That
             he
             desired
             to
             be
             no
             longer
             Master
             of
             himself
             ,
             than
             he
             was
             Servant
             to
             her
             ,
          
           which
           he
           made
           good
           to
           the
           full
           .
        
         
           He
           called
           his
           first
           Parliament
           at
           Westminster
           ,
           which
           Assembled
           the
           Fifteenth
           of
           June
           following
           ,
           
             Anno
             Dom.
          
           1624
           ,
           wherein
           the
           King
           declared
           his
           want
           of
           Money
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           Charge
           he
           was
           like
           to
           be
           put
           to
           ,
           upon
           several
           Accounts
           ,
           both
           at
           Home
           and
           Abroad
           ;
           especially
           to
           maintain
           the
           Army
           which
           was
           listed
           for
           recovering
           the
           Palatinate
           .
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           having
           several
           Petitions
           ,
           which
           were
           presented
           to
           King
           James
           a
           little
           before
           his
           Death
           ,
           un-answered
           ;
           Petitioned
           his
           Majesty
           to
           Redress
           those
           Grievances
           which
           concerned
           Religion
           and
           Priviledge
           ,
           without
           which
           they
           could
           come
           to
           no
           Conclusions
           for
           raising
           of
           Money
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           King
           gave
           them
           full
           Assurance
           of
           all
           their
           Demands
           ;
           so
           they
           immediately
           Granted
           two
           Subsidies
           from
           Protestants
           ,
           four
           from
           Papists
           ,
           and
           three
           from
           the
           Clergy
           .
        
         
           After
           this
           the
           Parliament
           did
           not
           Sit
           long
           ;
           for
           the
           last
           Subsidies
           not
           being
           enough
           
           to
           defray
           the
           King's
           necessary
           Charges
           ,
           he
           urges
           the
           Parliament
           for
           more
           ;
           but
           they
           ,
           instead
           of
           answering
           his
           Just
           Demands
           ,
           fall
           foul
           upon
           his
           Servants
           ,
           who
           managed
           his
           Revenues
           ,
           especially
           the
           great
           Duke
           of
           Buckingham
           :
           This
           came
           to
           such
           a
           Height
           in
           the
           Houses
           ,
           that
           they
           came
           to
           the
           Canvasing
           his
           
             Commings
             in
          
           ,
           his
           great
           Revenues
           of
           Crown
           Demeans
           ,
           which
           they
           would
           Revoke
           ,
           and
           Resume
           to
           supply
           the
           King's
           Wants
           ;
           which
           made
           the
           King
           ,
           in
           great
           Regret
           ,
           resolve
           to
           give
           an
           end
           to
           their
           Sitting
           ;
           and
           accordingly
           the
           next
           day
           Dissolved
           them
           .
           The
           City
           of
           London
           was
           at
           this
           time
           much
           wasted
           with
           a
           long
           Plague
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           occasion
           of
           removing
           Michaelmas
           Term
           to
           Redding
           .
           There
           was
           another
           Parliament
           called
           soon
           after
           ,
           but
           they
           began
           where
           the
           former
           left
           ;
           present
           Grievances
           ,
           and
           impeach
           :
           Buckingham
           .
        
         
           Upon
           May
           the
           Nineteenth
           ,
           1630.
           
           The
           Queen
           was
           Delivered
           of
           a
           Son
           at
           Saint
           
           James's
           ,
           who
           was
           Christened
           Charles
           ,
           and
           Preserved
           by
           Providence
           ,
           to
           Succeed
           his
           Father
           ,
           to
           the
           Royal
           Scepters
           of
           Three
           Kingdoms
           ;
           the
           King
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           the
           Prince
           Elector
           Palatine
           ,
           represented
           by
           the
           Duke
           of
           Lennox
           ,
           and
           the
           Marquess
           of
           Hamilton
           were
           his
           God-Fathers
           ;
           and
           the
           Queen-Mother
           of
           France
           ,
           represented
           by
           
           the
           Dutchess
           of
           Richmond
           his
           God-Mother
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           in
           the
           Year
           1633.
           made
           a
           Journey
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           attended
           with
           a
           splend●d
           Train
           of
           the
           Nobility
           of
           both
           Kingdoms
           ;
           and
           upon
           June
           the
           Eighteenth
           ,
           was
           solemnly
           Crowned
           King
           at
           Edinburgh
           ;
           which
           Solemnity
           being
           over
           ,
           his
           Majesty
           called
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           in
           which
           he
           passed
           an
           Act
           ,
           for
           Ratification
           of
           the
           old
           Acts
           ;
           some
           suspecting
           ,
           that
           the
           Confirmation
           of
           Episcopacy
           was
           by
           it
           intended
           ,
           with
           all
           their
           Strength
           opposed
           it
           ,
           but
           in
           vain
           .
        
         
           Not
           long
           before
           his
           Majesty
           went
           to
           Scotland
           ,
           being
           desirous
           (
           if
           possible
           )
           to
           have
           it
           prevented
           ,
           he
           Writ
           to
           a
           Lord
           ,
           who
           had
           the
           Trust
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           to
           bring
           it
           to
           England
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           be
           Crowned
           there
           :
           But
           the
           Lord
           answered
           ,
           
             That
             he
             durst
             not
             for
             his
             Life
             do
             it
             ;
             but
             if
             his
             Majesty
             would
             be
             pleased
             to
             accept
             of
             it
             in
             its
             proper
             place
             ,
             he
             should
             find
             his
             People
             there
             ready
             to
             yield
             him
             the
             highest
             Honour
             ;
             but
             if
             he
             should
             put
             it
             off
             much
             longer
             ,
             it
             might
             tend
             to
             his
             Majesties
             and
             their
             great
             Loss
             ;
             neither
             could
             they
             be
             long
             without
             some
             to
             Govern
             them
             .
          
        
         
           In
           the
           Year
           1633.
           
           October
           the
           Thirteenth
           ,
           the
           Queen
           brought
           forth
           her
           second
           Son
           ,
           who
           was
           Baptized
           James
           ,
           and
           entituled
           ,
           
           
             Duke
             of
             York
          
           :
           Much
           about
           this
           time
           the
           Discontents
           in
           Scotland
           began
           to
           increase
           ;
           some
           of
           the
           Nobility
           siding
           with
           the
           Male-contents
           ;
           of
           which
           the
           Lord
           Balmirreno
           ,
           the
           chief
           Secretary
           of
           State
           was
           one
           ,
           who
           was
           thereupon
           Arraigned
           by
           his
           Peers
           ,
           and
           found
           Guilty
           ;
           but
           obtained
           the
           King's
           Pardon
           .
        
         
           December
           the
           Twenty-Eighth
           ,
           1635.
           the
           Lady
           Elizabeth
           was
           Born
           ;
           and
           now
           great
           Differences
           arose
           about
           Church-matters
           ,
           chiefly
           occasioned
           by
           Arch-Bishop
           
           Laud's
           zealous
           injoyning
           of
           Ceremonies
           ,
           as
           placing
           the
           Communion-Table
           at
           the
           East
           end
           of
           the
           Church
           upon
           an
           Ascent
           ,
           with
           Rails
           Altar-wayes
           ,
           with
           many
           other
           things
           not
           formerly
           insisted
           on
           by
           the
           Church
           ,
           but
           now
           obstinately
           opposed
           by
           many
           ,
           which
           brought
           things
           into
           great
           confusion
           .
        
         
           His
           Majesty
           earnestly
           desiring
           an
           Uniformity
           in
           Religion
           in
           Scotland
           (
           a
           thing
           attempted
           before
           by
           King
           James
           )
           enjoyned
           the
           Scots
           the
           use
           of
           the
           Liturgy
           and
           Surplice
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           English
           Ceremonies
           ,
           and
           began
           first
           in
           his
           own
           Chappel
           ;
           Proclamation
           being
           made
           ,
           
             That
             the
             same
             Order
             should
             be
             kept
             in
             all
             Churches
             :
          
           The
           Bishops
           were
           satisfied
           with
           it
           ,
           but
           the
           Ministers
           and
           People
           was
           so
           discontented
           ,
           that
           when
           the
           Dean
           of
           Edinburgh
           began
           to
           read
           the
           Common-Prayer
           ,
           the
           Women
           
           began
           to
           grumble
           ;
           upon
           which
           ,
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Edinburgh
           steps
           up
           into
           the
           Pulpit
           to
           command
           Silence
           ;
           but
           this
           did
           but
           augment
           their
           Fury
           to
           such
           a
           height
           ,
           that
           they
           Assaulted
           him
           ;
           some
           with
           Cudgels
           ,
           others
           with
           Stones
           ,
           and
           others
           (
           for
           want
           of
           better
           Weapons
           )
           were
           forced
           to
           pelt
           him
           with
           the
           Stools
           upon
           which
           they
           sat
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           hazard
           of
           his
           Life
           :
           The
           Arch-Bishop
           of
           of
           St.
           Andrews
           (
           being
           then
           
             Lord
             Chancellor
          
           )
           interposing
           ,
           was
           like
           to
           have
           been
           served
           with
           the
           same
           sawce
           :
           The
           like
           Disturbance
           happened
           in
           several
           other
           places
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           Council
           emitted
           Proclamations
           to
           prevent
           Tumults
           ;
           which
           was
           so
           little
           regarded
           by
           the
           multitude
           ,
           that
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Galloway
           ,
           going
           the
           next
           day
           to
           the
           Council
           ,
           was
           by
           them
           pursued
           to
           the
           Council
           Chamber
           .
           They
           Seized
           also
           the
           
             City
             Magistrates
          
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           not
           joyn
           with
           the
           Council
           to
           curb
           them
           .
           The
           Lords
           of
           the
           Council
           having
           at
           length
           ,
           with
           fair
           words
           ,
           in
           some
           measure
           ,
           pacified
           them
           ,
           they
           presently
           emit
           Proclamations
           to
           keep
           the
           Peace
           ,
           but
           produced
           no
           such
           Effect
           ;
           for
           they
           stifly
           petitioned
           against
           the
           service-book
           ;
           which
           incensed
           the
           King
           extreamly
           :
           Thus
           matters
           went
           in
           the
           Year
           1637.
           
        
         
           The
           next
           Year
           the
           Scots
           hearing
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           was
           making
           preparations
           in
           England
           ,
           
           to
           reduce
           them
           by
           force
           ,
           they
           entred
           into
           a
           Covenant
           ,
           to
           defend
           the
           Religion
           they
           profest
           ;
           whereupon
           ,
           they
           sent
           for
           General
           Lesly
           ,
           and
           other
           Officers
           from
           beyond
           Sea
           ,
           putting
           themselves
           in
           a
           posture
           of
           Defence
           :
           But
           the
           Duke
           of
           Hamilton
           obtained
           a
           Declaration
           from
           the
           King
           ,
           discharging
           the
           use
           of
           the
           service-book
           ,
           &
           the
           five
           Articles
           of
           Perth
           for
           a
           time
           ;
           consenting
           also
           ,
           that
           
           Church-matters
           may
           be
           ordered
           by
           general
           Assemblies
           .
           This
           Declaration
           ▪
           being
           published
           ,
           and
           a
           general
           Assembly
           convened
           at
           Glasgow
           ;
           the
           Bishops
           are
           summoned
           to
           appear
           there
           as
           Guilty
           persons
           ;
           but
           in
           answer
           to
           the
           Summons
           ,
           the
           Bishops
           sent
           in
           a
           Protestation
           against
           their
           Assembly
           ;
           which
           the
           Covenanters
           ,
           for
           a
           while
           ,
           would
           not
           vouchsafe
           to
           Read
           ,
           until
           they
           had
           dispatched
           what
           business
           they
           pleased
           :
           The
           King
           ,
           having
           notice
           of
           their
           Proceedings
           against
           the
           Bishops
           ,
           ordered
           their
           Assembly
           to
           be
           dissolved
           ,
           which
           accordingly
           was
           done
           ;
           but
           the
           Covenanters
           presently
           emit
           a
           Protestation
           against
           it
           .
           In
           this
           Assembly
           they
           quite
           abolished
           Episcopacy
           :
           Whereupon
           ,
           the
           King
           raises
           an
           Army
           in
           England
           ,
           with
           which
           he
           marched
           in
           Person
           against
           the
           Scots
           ;
           but
           while
           his
           Majesty
           stayed
           at
           York
           ,
           by
           the
           mediation
           of
           some
           persons
           ,
           a
           Treaty
           of
           Peace
           was
           agreed
           upon
           ;
           wherein
           it
           
           was
           agreed
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           should
           publish
           a
           Declaration
           ,
           ratifying
           ,
           what
           his
           Commissioners
           had
           promised
           in
           his
           name
           :
           That
           a
           general
           Assembly
           ,
           and
           a
           Parliament
           be
           held
           at
           Edinburgh
           within
           a
           short
           time
           :
           And
           lastly
           ,
           That
           upon
           disbanding
           their
           Forces
           ,
           and
           restoring
           the
           King
           to
           his
           Forts
           and
           Castles
           ;
           the
           King
           was
           to
           recall
           his
           Fleet
           and
           Forces
           ,
           and
           make
           Restitution
           of
           their
           Goods
           since
           the
           Breach
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           not
           finding
           the
           Scots
           punctual
           to
           their
           Articles
           ,
           returned
           to
           England
           ,
           and
           Nullified
           the
           agreement
           resolving
           now
           to
           try
           other
           courses
           :
           Whereupon
           ,
           the
           Scots
           apprehending
           their
           danger
           ,
           prepared
           for
           their
           own
           defence
           .
           The
           King
           resolves
           upon
           a
           War
           ;
           and
           with
           some
           difficulty
           compleateth
           his
           Army
           ,
           whereof
           himself
           was
           Generalissimo
           .
           He
           began
           his
           march
           to
           the
           
             North
             ,
             July
          
           the
           Twentieth
           ,
           1640.
           by
           which
           time
           the
           Scottish
           Army
           was
           upon
           the
           Border
           :
           Wherefore
           the
           King
           sent
           the
           Lord
           Conway
           with
           
             Twelve
             Hundred
          
           Horse
           ,
           and
           
             Three
             Thousand
          
           Foot
           ,
           to
           secure
           the
           Passes
           upon
           the
           River
           Tyne
           .
           General
           Lesly
           being
           advanced
           thither
           ,
           desired
           Leave
           to
           pass
           to
           the
           King
           with
           their
           Grievances
           ,
           which
           was
           denied
           ;
           whereupon
           he
           commands
           his
           Horse
           to
           take
           the
           Water
           (
           the
           Foot
           to
           their
           no
           small
           hazard
           following
           )
           and
           force
           
           their
           Passage
           ;
           which
           they
           did
           ,
           and
           put
           the
           Lord
           Conway
           to
           a
           disorderly
           Retreat
           .
           Soon
           after
           ,
           they
           took
           New-Castle
           ,
           and
           then
           Durham
           .
        
         
           At
           last
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           condescends
           to
           Treat
           with
           them
           ,
           and
           to
           that
           end
           ,
           receives
           a
           Petition
           from
           them
           ,
           containing
           their
           Grievances
           ;
           for
           redressing
           of
           which
           ,
           it
           was
           agreed
           ,
           That
           sixteen
           English
           Lords
           should
           meet
           with
           as
           many
           
             Scots
             .
             Rippon
          
           was
           a
           place
           appointed
           for
           the
           Treaty
           ;
           here
           they
           appointed
           another
           Treaty
           to
           be
           held
           at
           London
           for
           composing
           all
           differences
           .
        
         
           Much
           about
           this
           time
           Montross
           fell
           off
           from
           the
           Covenanters
           ,
           having
           by
           several
           private
           Letters
           tendered
           his
           service
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           which
           came
           all
           to
           be
           discovered
           by
           the
           means
           of
           some
           that
           were
           about
           His
           Majesty
           .
           However
           ,
           the
           Treaty
           went
           on
           at
           London
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           was
           concluded
           :
           Whereupon
           the
           Scots
           ,
           after
           five
           months
           abode
           in
           England
           ,
           returned
           home
           .
        
         
           By
           this
           time
           a
           Parliament
           was
           called
           at
           Westminster
           ;
           wherein
           the
           breach
           was
           so
           far
           from
           being
           healed
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           made
           wider
           .
           Divers
           of
           the
           Kings
           Favourites
           were
           impeached
           ;
           amongst
           which
           ,
           Arch-Bishop
           Laud
           was
           one
           ,
           and
           soon
           after
           him
           the
           Earl
           of
           Strafford
           .
        
         
         
           This
           Year
           1641.
           
           His
           Majesty
           went
           towards
           Scotland
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           entertained
           with
           great
           Demonstrations
           of
           Affection
           ;
           and
           confirmed
           the
           Treaty
           between
           the
           two
           Nations
           ,
           by
           an
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           which
           he
           summoned
           himself
           during
           his
           abode
           there
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           horrid
           Rebellion
           in
           Ireland
           broke
           out
           ;
           wherein
           those
           cruel
           Butchers
           ,
           did
           most
           barbarously
           murther
           about
           200000.
           
           Protestants
           ,
           Men
           ,
           Women
           and
           Children
           .
           The
           King
           being
           then
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           moved
           the
           Parliament
           to
           send
           thither
           Sir
           
             George
             Monroe
          
           with
           2500.
           men
           to
           reduce
           the
           Rebels
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           being
           returned
           from
           Scotland
           ,
           (
           the
           Parliament
           then
           sitting
           at
           Westminster
           )
           the
           breach
           daily
           grew
           wider
           ;
           wherefore
           the
           Scotish
           Commissioners
           interposed
           between
           the
           King
           and
           Parliament
           ,
           for
           composing
           their
           differences
           ,
           which
           were
           now
           grown
           to
           such
           a
           height
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           not
           long
           after
           left
           London
           ,
           and
           returned
           to
           York
           .
        
         
           Now
           began
           the
           Calamity
           of
           a
           sad
           War
           ;
           for
           which
           they
           began
           Vigorously
           to
           make
           preparations
           on
           both
           sides
           .
           The
           Scots
           finding
           (
           as
           they
           pretended
           )
           that
           the
           King
           was
           refractory
           to
           an
           Agreement
           with
           his
           Parliament
           ;
           and
           giving
           ear
           to
           those
           vile
           Libels
           that
           were
           spread
           abroad
           ,
           which
           accused
           His
           Majesty
           of
           conniving
           
           at
           the
           Papists
           both
           in
           England
           and
           Ireland
           (
           being
           called
           by
           the
           Parliament
           to
           their
           assistance
           )
           entred
           
             England
             ,
             Jan.
          
           16.
           1643.
           their
           Army
           being
           in
           number
           18000.
           
           Foot
           ,
           and
           2000.
           
           Horse
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           matters
           are
           fitting
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           by
           James
           Earl
           (
           afterward
           Marquess
           )
           of
           Montross
           ;
           who
           having
           received
           the
           Kings
           Commission
           by
           Sir
           
             Robert
             Spotswood
          
           ,
           to
           be
           General
           Governour
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           passed
           into
           the
           heart
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           where
           he
           raised
           what
           men
           he
           could
           for
           the
           Kings
           Service
           ,
           resolving
           with
           them
           to
           divert
           the
           Covenanters
           .
           They
           upon
           the
           other
           side
           raised
           an
           Army
           to
           oppose
           him
           .
           Their
           first
           Rencounter
           was
           near
           Perth
           ;
           where
           the
           Covenanters
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           the
           Lords
           
             Elcho
             ,
             Tullibardine
          
           ,
           and
           Drumond
           were
           quite
           routed
           ;
           here
           the
           Atholmen
           and
           Irishmen
           ,
           of
           which
           he
           had
           1500.
           did
           him
           good
           service
           .
           From
           thence
           he
           marcht
           Northward
           ,
           to
           Aberdeen
           ;
           where
           at
           the
           Bridge
           of
           Dee
           ,
           he
           defeated
           another
           Body
           of
           the
           Covenanters
           ,
           under
           the
           Lord
           Burleighs
           command
           .
        
         
           After
           this
           Victory
           ,
           he
           went
           about
           most
           of
           the
           Northern
           Countries
           ,
           and
           brought
           a
           great
           many
           of
           them
           under
           Subjection
           ,
           though
           himself
           and
           his
           Army
           were
           reduced
           to
           great
           straits
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           coldness
           of
           the
           weather
           ,
           and
           scarceness
           
           of
           Victuals
           ,
           yet
           he
           would
           not
           give
           over
           his
           enterprise
           .
           From
           thence
           he
           marched
           into
           Argileshire
           ,
           where
           he
           burnt
           &
           destroyed
           all
           before
           him
           ,
           and
           returned
           back
           again
           to
           Lochabor
           .
           He
           stayed
           not
           long
           there
           ;
           when
           hearing
           that
           Argile
           was
           coming
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           was
           already
           the
           length
           of
           Innerlochy
           ,
           He
           resolves
           (
           finding
           his
           men
           bent
           for
           't
           )
           to
           fight
           him
           ,
           which
           accordingly
           he
           did
           ,
           and
           quite
           worsted
           him
           .
           Not
           long
           after
           ,
           he
           had
           an
           absolute
           Victory
           over
           General
           Major
           Hurry
           at
           a
           place
           in
           the
           Highlands
           ,
           called
           Aldearn
           ,
           which
           did
           very
           much
           weaken
           the
           Covenanters
           .
           And
           Baily
           resolving
           revenge
           ,
           at
           Alford
           was
           served
           with
           the
           same
           sauce
           himself
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           Victory
           that
           this
           Valiant
           Champion
           obtained
           ,
           was
           at
           Kilsyth
           ;
           a
           fatal
           day
           it
           was
           to
           the
           Covenanters
           :
           for
           here
           they
           lost
           a
           great
           many
           Gentlemen
           of
           Quality
           ,
           besides
           a
           vast
           number
           of
           common
           Souldiers
           :
           yea
           ,
           such
           of
           their
           Leaders
           as
           escaped
           this
           bout
           ,
           finding
           (
           as
           they
           thought
           )
           their
           strength
           quite
           gone
           ,
           fled
           some
           to
           England
           ,
           others
           to
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           some
           also
           came
           in
           ,
           and
           Submitted
           to
           Montross
           upon
           Mercy
           .
           Thus
           things
           being
           ,
           in
           humane
           probability
           ,
           brought
           to
           great
           order
           ,
           Montross
           receives
           Orders
           from
           the
           King
           at
           Oxford
           ,
           to
           march
           Southward
           with
           his
           Army
           :
           Where
           His
           Majesty
           promised
           
           to
           send
           him
           some
           recruit
           of
           Horse
           to
           fight
           Sir
           
             David
             Lesly
          
           ,
           who
           was
           coming
           from
           England
           against
           Montross
           :
           But
           L●sly
           preventing
           the
           Kings
           recruits
           ,
           surprises
           Montross
           at
           Philiphaugh
           ,
           where
           he
           quite
           routed
           him
           .
           Thus
           the
           wheele
           of
           Fortune
           turnes
           now
           upon
           this
           gallant
           Nobleman
           ,
           who
           was
           Conqueror
           hitherto
           ,
           and
           forces
           him
           with
           a
           very
           few
           followers
           to
           shift
           for
           himself
           ,
           leaving
           many
           of
           his
           Friends
           dead
           in
           this
           fatal
           place
           .
           Montross
           by
           this
           loss
           ,
           being
           brought
           very
           low
           ,
           he
           marched
           toward
           the
           North
           with
           the
           few
           men
           he
           had
           ;
           and
           after
           many
           endeavours
           to
           make
           up
           his
           Army
           again
           ,
           he
           is
           surprised
           by
           a
           Message
           from
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           Commanding
           him
           to
           lay
           down
           his
           Armes
           ,
           and
           go
           into
           France
           ,
           where
           he
           should
           stay
           till
           further
           Orders
           ;
           which
           accordingly
           he
           did
           ,
           though
           with
           great
           reluctancy
           ,
           in
           the
           Year
           1646.
           
        
         
           But
           to
           return
           to
           the
           Scots
           Army
           in
           England
           :
           They
           after
           they
           had
           served
           the
           Parliament
           upon
           several
           occasions
           ,
           and
           particularly
           at
           Marston-Moor
           ,
           where
           they
           helpt
           them
           to
           obtain
           a
           Victory
           against
           Prince
           Rupert
           ,
           retired
           to
           New-Castle
           .
           The
           King
           being
           brought
           so
           low
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           hardly
           able
           to
           keep
           any
           thing
           of
           an
           Army
           in
           the
           Field
           ,
           came
           thither
           in
           disguise
           ,
           acquainting
           the
           
           Scotish-General
           ,
           
           That
           he
           would
           now
           commit
           himself
           to
           him
           ;
           looking
           upon
           him
           as
           a
           man
           of
           Honour
           ,
           that
           would
           do
           nothing
           but
           what
           is
           Just
           and
           Loyal
           ,
           in
           a
           matter
           of
           such
           weight
           ;
           The
           General
           answered
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           
             He
             would
             with
             all
             his
             heart
             serve
             him
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             most
             effectual
             service
             that
             he
             thought
             he
             could
             do
             him
             ,
             was
             to
             mediate
             a
             Peace
             between
             His
             Majesty
             and
             His
             Parliament
             .
          
        
         
           The
           Parliament
           being
           Advertised
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           was
           in
           the
           Scotish
           Army
           ;
           sent
           their
           Messengers
           thither
           ,
           to
           know
           upon
           what
           account
           they
           detained
           the
           King
           of
           England
           in
           their
           Camp
           ;
           who
           were
           only
           called
           in
           to
           assist
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           but
           not
           to
           Act
           by
           themselves
           :
           Telling
           them
           further
           ;
           
             That
             if
             the
             King
             were
             in
          
           Scotland
           ,
           
             as
             he
             was
             then
             in
          
           England
           ;
           
             they
             would
             not
             presume
             to
             keep
             him
             up
             from
             his
             Subjects
             there
             ,
             as
             the
          
           Scots
           
             did
             in
          
           England
           ;
           the
           Committee
           of
           the
           Army
           answered
           ,
           
             That
             they
             knew
             very
             well
             the
             People
             of
          
           Englands
           
             Right
             to
             the
             King
             to
             be
             as
             good
             as
             theirs
             ;
             neither
             did
             they
             detain
             His
             Majesty
             from
             them
             ,
             but
             that
             he
             was
             with
             them
             as
             their
             King
             ;
             in
             no
             wise
             under
             restraint
             ,
             but
             at
             full
             Liberty
             as
             became
             his
             Majesty
             to
             be
             .
             And
             further
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             their
             earnest
             desires
             to
             see
             a
             well-setled
             Peace
             between
             His
             Majesty
             and
             his
             two
             Houses
             .
          
           Presently
           after
           ,
           they
           had
           
           another
           message
           ,
           desiring
           them
           to
           return
           home
           ;
           for
           that
           the
           Parliament
           had
           no
           further
           service
           for
           them
           ;
           thanking
           them
           withal
           for
           the
           Service
           they
           had
           done
           .
           The
           Committee
           replyed
           ,
           that
           they
           came
           not
           to
           England
           without
           the
           Parliaments
           call
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Terms
           upon
           which
           they
           were
           invited
           thither
           ,
           were
           not
           fulfilled
           by
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           their
           Army
           wanting
           almost
           500000
           l.
           of
           their
           Arrears
           :
           That
           upon
           payment
           of
           it
           ,
           they
           would
           go
           home
           .
           At
           last
           it
           was
           agreed
           ,
           that
           the
           Scots
           should
           have
           200000
           pound
           of
           their
           Arrears
           in
           hand
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           should
           afterward
           be
           sent
           after
           them
           .
           So
           that
           within
           —
           weeks
           after
           ,
           they
           would
           draw
           the
           Army
           out
           of
           England
           .
           As
           for
           the
           Kings
           Person
           ,
           it
           was
           agreed
           ,
           That
           he
           should
           be
           kept
           by
           the
           English
           in
           Honour
           and
           Splendor
           suitable
           to
           his
           Royal
           Dignity
           ,
           and
           that
           nothing
           should
           be
           transacted
           in
           England
           concerning
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           without
           the
           Advice
           and
           Consent
           of
           the
           Scots
           .
           Thus
           were
           they
           befooled
           by
           perfidious
           men
           ,
           which
           brought
           a
           great
           reproach
           upon
           Them
           and
           their
           Posterity
           .
           Though
           it
           be
           false
           that
           they
           Sold
           him
           ,
           yet
           it
           is
           a
           sad
           truth
           ,
           that
           His
           Majesty
           told
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           English
           would
           no
           longer
           stand
           to
           their
           Agreement
           ,
           than
           they
           thought
           it
           for
           their
           Interest
           .
        
         
         
           His
           Majesty
           being
           now
           in
           the
           
           English's
           hands
           ,
           they
           at
           first
           carried
           themselves
           somewhat
           respectfully
           to
           him
           ;
           but
           they
           began
           soon
           after
           to
           appear
           like
           themselves
           ;
           having
           purged
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           of
           all
           such
           as
           they
           thought
           would
           oppose
           them
           ,
           they
           began
           to
           keep
           His
           Majesty
           almost
           a
           close
           prisoner
           in
           the
           Isle
           of
           Wight
           .
        
         
           The
           Scots
           hearing
           how
           the
           King
           was
           thus
           (
           contrary
           to
           the
           promise
           and
           engagement
           )
           abused
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           sent
           their
           Commissioners
           to
           London
           ,
           to
           put
           the
           Parliament
           in
           mind
           of
           the
           agreement
           at
           New-Castle
           ;
           but
           before
           they
           came
           ,
           the
           Game
           was
           altered
           (
           the
           Parliament
           being
           purged
           by
           the
           Army
           )
           the
           barbarous
           Juncto
           prove
           unexorable
           ;
           wherefore
           the
           Commissioners
           return
           home
           ,
           and
           acquainted
           the
           Nobility
           how
           matters
           stood
           :
           Whereupon
           an
           Army
           is
           presently
           listed
           under
           the
           Duke
           of
           Hamilton
           ,
           with
           which
           he
           marches
           to
           England
           ,
           but
           is
           unfortunately
           overthrown
           at
           Preston
           ;
           most
           of
           the
           Souldiers
           being
           killed
           ,
           and
           himself
           taken
           prisoner
           ,
           and
           brought
           up
           to
           London
           ;
           where
           ,
           not
           long
           after
           ,
           he
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Earl
           of
           Holland
           ,
           and
           Lord
           Capel
           ,
           were
           Executed
           on
           Tower-hill
           .
        
         
           Within
           a
           few
           days
           ,
           his
           Majesty
           is
           brought
           from
           the
           Isle
           of
           Wight
           to
           Windsor
           ;
           during
           his
           abode
           there
           ,
           the
           Officers
           of
           
           the
           Army
           ,
           and
           the
           Members
           they
           left
           in
           the
           House
           ,
           proceeded
           to
           that
           height
           of
           Insolence
           ,
           as
           to
           bring
           the
           King
           to
           a
           Tryal
           .
           Which
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           Voted
           ,
           and
           passed
           in
           the
           pretended
           House
           of
           Commons
           ,
           they
           proceeded
           to
           make
           an
           Act
           for
           the
           Tryal
           of
           his
           Sacred
           Majesty
           ;
           which
           they
           intituled
           ,
           
             An
             Act
             of
             the
             Commons
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             assembled
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             for
             Erecting
             of
             an
             
               High
               Court
               of
               Justice
            
             ,
             for
             Trying
             and
             Judging
          
           Charles
           Stewart
           
             King
             of
          
           England
           .
        
         
           This
           Terrible
           form
           of
           proceeding
           against
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           struck
           great
           terrour
           to
           the
           hearts
           of
           all
           sober
           and
           good
           men
           ;
           yea
           ,
           the
           Presbyterian
           Ministers
           ,
           who
           before
           were
           against
           him
           ,
           now
           declare
           themselves
           both
           in
           their
           Pulpits
           ,
           and
           by
           earnest
           Petitions
           to
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           to
           be
           zealous
           abhorrers
           of
           the
           Kings
           Death
           ,
           and
           every
           where
           make
           publick
           Protestations
           against
           the
           Tryal
           ;
           yet
           nevertheless
           the
           Juncto
           goes
           on
           :
           And
           upon
           
             Fryday
             January
          
           the
           19
           th
           .
           1648.
           his
           Majesty
           was
           brought
           by
           a
           strong
           Guard
           of
           Horse
           from
           Windsor
           to
           St.
           James's
           ,
           and
           from
           thence
           to
           Westminster
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           Tryed
           ,
           and
           found
           Guilty
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           God
           and
           Man
           :
           And
           upon
           January
           the
           30
           th
           .
           about
           two
           a
           Clock
           in
           the
           Afternoon
           ,
           he
           submitted
           his
           Royal
           Neck
           to
           the
           Fatal
           stroak
           ,
           upon
           a
           Scaffold
           Erected
           between
           
           White-Hall
           Gate
           ,
           and
           the
           Gate
           leading
           to
           the
           Gallery
           to
           St.
           Jameses
           :
           The
           24
           th
           year
           of
           his
           Reign
           he
           was
           Interr'd
           ,
           in
           St.
           Georges
           Chappel
           at
           Windsor
           .
        
         
           His
           sacred
           Majesty
           that
           now
           Reigns
           ,
           being
           at
           this
           time
           in
           France
           ,
           with
           the
           Queen
           Mother
           ,
           is
           by
           Unanimous
           consent
           of
           all
           his
           Subjects
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           proclaimed
           at
           
             Edenburg
             ,
             Charles
          
           the
           Second
           ,
           by
           the
           Grace
           of
           God
           ,
           King
           of
           
             Scotland
             ,
             England
             ,
             France
          
           ,
           and
           Ireland
           ,
           &c.
           and
           presently
           after
           ,
           they
           sent
           their
           Commissioners
           to
           treat
           with
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           who
           was
           then
           in
           the
           Isle
           of
           Jerzey
           :
           After
           much
           debating
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           at
           last
           ,
           Breda
           in
           Holland
           is
           agreed
           upon
           ,
           as
           a
           fit
           place
           for
           a
           solemn
           Treaty
           .
           Here
           the
           Commissioners
           from
           the
           Church
           and
           State
           ,
           met
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           delivered
           the
           Propositions
           .
           During
           the
           Treaty
           ,
           the
           above-mentioned
           Marquess
           of
           Montross
           was
           seized
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           Executed
           ,
           which
           troubled
           his
           Majesty
           so
           much
           ,
           that
           it
           went
           nigh
           to
           break
           the
           Treaty
           ;
           but
           at
           length
           ,
           through
           the
           urgency
           of
           Affairs
           ,
           it
           was
           concluded
           .
           And
           being
           brought
           to
           Edenburgh
           ,
           it
           was
           agreed
           ,
           that
           another
           Message
           should
           be
           sent
           to
           invite
           the
           King
           over
           ,
           to
           take
           Possession
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           which
           was
           his
           own
           by
           an
           unquestionable
           Title
           ;
           but
           the
           English
           Parliament
           replyed
           ,
           If
           they
           could
           hinder
           it
           ,
           it
           should
           not
           be
           so
           .
           
           Wherefore
           they
           prepare
           an
           Army
           to
           invade
           Scotland
           ,
           under
           the
           command
           of
           their
           General
           
             Oliver
             Cromwell
          
           .
           However
           ,
           the
           Scots
           no
           wise
           daunted
           at
           the
           Storms
           threatned
           from
           England
           ,
           resolved
           to
           adhere
           to
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           (
           though
           upon
           their
           own
           terms
           )
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           arriving
           at
           the
           mouth
           of
           Spey
           ,
           in
           the
           North
           ,
           several
           Lords
           were
           sent
           to
           accompany
           him
           to
           Edenburgh
           ;
           but
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           Cromwell
           was
           advanced
           as
           far
           as
           Haddington
           against
           him
           .
           Sir
           
             David
             L●sly
          
           ,
           sent
           Sir
           
             John
             Brown
          
           with
           a
           Party
           of
           Horse
           ,
           which
           continued
           skirmishing
           for
           some
           while
           ,
           but
           produced
           no
           great
           Effect
           :
           The
           next
           Rencounter
           was
           at
           Dumbar
           ,
           where
           the
           Scots
           had
           a
           Bloody
           Overthrow
           from
           Cromwel
           ;
           which
           did
           exceedingly
           strengthen
           his
           Interest
           in
           Scotland
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           work
           that
           the
           Scots
           went
           about
           after
           this
           disaster
           ,
           was
           the
           Coronation
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           which
           was
           done
           at
           Scone
           ;
           with
           as
           great
           Solemnity
           ,
           as
           the
           state
           of
           Affairs
           could
           allow
           :
           The
           Ceremony
           being
           over
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           removed
           to
           Sterling
           ,
           resolving
           to
           debate
           his
           right
           to
           Cromwell
           ,
           where
           people
           of
           all
           ranks
           flocked
           to
           him
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           as
           in
           a
           short
           time
           ,
           he
           had
           an
           Army
           of
           22000
           Men
           ;
           but
           they
           dividing
           amongst
           themselves
           ,
           
           gave
           Cromwel
           opportunity
           to
           pass
           over
           ;
           &
           forthwith
           defeating
           a
           part
           of
           the
           Kings
           Army
           at
           Innerkething
           ,
           possest
           himself
           of
           the
           whole
           Country
           :
           His
           Majesty
           seeing
           (
           after
           the
           defeat
           )
           that
           Cromwel
           was
           like
           to
           Conquer
           all
           Scotland
           ,
           makes
           choyce
           of
           his
           most
           faithful
           Friends
           ,
           to
           venture
           with
           him
           into
           England
           ;
           where
           he
           might
           with
           more
           safety
           and
           advantage
           hazard
           three
           Kingdoms
           ,
           than
           in
           a
           Field
           ;
           wherefore
           with
           16000
           men
           he
           privately
           marched
           to
           England
           ,
           by
           the
           way
           of
           Carlyle
           ;
           and
           without
           any
           considerable
           opposition
           ,
           came
           to
           Lancashire
           ;
           where
           at
           Warrington
           Bridge
           ,
           some
           considerable
           Forces
           of
           the
           Parliament
           were
           ready
           to
           cut
           down
           the
           Bridg
           ,
           but
           the
           Scots
           were
           with
           them
           so
           suddenly
           ,
           that
           they
           prevented
           the
           breaking
           down
           of
           the
           Bridg
           ,
           &
           forced
           their
           way
           over
           the
           Planks
           .
           Hence
           his
           Majesty
           marched
           to
           Worcester
           in
           very
           good
           order
           .
           Cromwel
           hearing
           of
           his
           motions
           ,
           sends
           Lamb●rt
           with
           a
           select
           Party
           of
           Horse
           ;
           after
           him
           the
           Parliament
           also
           raised
           numerous
           Forces
           in
           most
           Countryes
           in
           England
           ;
           all
           which
           marched
           to
           Worcester
           against
           the
           King.
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           Lambert
           gained
           a
           most
           Advantagious
           Pass
           at
           Hop●on
           ,
           by
           a
           desperate
           attempt
           ,
           having
           caused
           some
           of
           his
           Troopers
           to
           swim
           the
           River
           on
           Horseback
           ,
           carrying
           their
           Houlsters
           
           and
           Pistols
           in
           their
           hands
           ,
           to
           save
           them
           from
           wet
           ;
           whereby
           they
           put
           Major
           General
           Massey
           ,
           and
           his
           men
           ,
           to
           the
           retreat
           :
           So
           that
           the
           Parliamentarians
           had
           a
           fair
           opportunity
           to
           make
           a
           Bridge
           over
           the
           River
           ,
           over
           which
           Cromwel
           passed
           ,
           and
           joyned
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Army
           ;
           which
           put
           the
           King
           upon
           a
           necessity
           of
           Fighting
           ,
           (
           the
           City
           being
           attacked
           on
           all
           sides
           )
           :
           Whereupon
           his
           Majesty
           marched
           out
           of
           the
           City
           with
           horse
           and
           foot
           against
           them
           .
           Where
           followed
           a
           most
           desperate
           engagement
           ;
           insomuch
           that
           his
           Majesties
           Horse
           was
           twice
           shot
           under
           him
           ;
           every
           man
           resolving
           to
           dye
           in
           the
           Bed
           of
           Honour
           ,
           rather
           than
           to
           have
           their
           Prince
           and
           Country
           thus
           trod
           upon
           by
           the
           base
           Usurpers
           :
           But
           the
           Enemy
           still
           advancing
           with
           fresh
           supplies
           where
           there
           was
           need
           of
           them
           ,
           so
           over
           powered
           the
           Kings
           Forces
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           forced
           at
           last
           to
           give
           ground
           ,
           after
           twice
           Rallying
           ,
           to
           retreat
           to
           the
           City
           .
        
         
           His
           Majesty
           seeing
           that
           all
           was
           lost
           ,
           was
           forced
           to
           Retreat
           to
           the
           City
           by
           the
           same
           Gate
           he
           came
           out
           at
           ,
           having
           left
           the
           Duke
           of
           Hamilton
           ,
           Sir
           
             John
             Douglass
          
           ,
           Sir
           
             Alexander
             Forbes
          
           ,
           with
           many
           other
           Valiant
           Gentlemen
           behind
           him
           .
           His
           Majesty
           was
           exceedingly
           troubled
           for
           the
           loss
           of
           Duke
           Hamilton
           ;
           for
           that
           he
           did
           see
           
           him
           behave
           himself
           so
           Valiantly
           ,
           and
           Fighting
           so
           desperately
           ,
           even
           when
           he
           was
           incompassed
           with
           the
           Enemies
           Horse
           and
           Foot.
           It
           being
           impossible
           for
           His
           Majesty
           to
           keep
           the
           City
           long
           ,
           the
           whole
           Nation
           almost
           being
           in
           Armes
           against
           him
           ,
           he
           resolves
           to
           retire
           :
           Accordingly
           ,
           with
           some
           few
           Attendants
           ,
           he
           marched
           out
           at
           twelve
           a
           Clock
           at
           Night
           ;
           and
           thinking
           their
           Number
           might
           discover
           them
           ,
           ordered
           every
           Man
           to
           shift
           for
           himself
           :
           Only
           with
           three
           or
           four
           in
           his
           Company
           ,
           he
           came
           to
           a
           place
           called
           Boscobel
           ,
           where
           he
           disrobed
           himself
           ;
           and
           for
           want
           of
           Scissers
           ,
           had
           his
           Hair
           cut
           off
           with
           a
           Knife
           ;
           and
           so
           with
           the
           company
           of
           one
           Careless
           (
           who
           brought
           him
           Provision
           )
           he
           betook
           himself
           to
           a
           Wood
           ,
           where
           he
           lodged
           in
           that
           Famous
           Royal-Oak
           :
           The
           Soldiers
           hunting
           about
           for
           him
           ,
           and
           a
           
             Thousand
             Pounds
          
           promised
           to
           any
           that
           would
           take
           Him
           ,
           either
           Dead
           or
           Alive
           .
        
         
           Soon
           after
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           rode
           from
           Bently
           to
           Bristol
           before
           Mistress
           Lane
           (
           she
           having
           a
           Pass
           for
           her self
           and
           her
           Servants
           )
           whence
           He
           returned
           ,
           and
           absconded
           a
           while
           in
           
             Sommersetshire
             ,
             Wiltshire
          
           ,
           and
           Hampshire
           ;
           and
           at
           last
           came
           to
           Briggemstone
           in
           Sussex
           ,
           where
           He
           took
           Shipping
           ,
           about
           the
           end
           of
           October
           ,
           1651.
           and
           was
           Safely
           wafted
           over
           to
           a
           Creek
           in
           Normandie
           ,
           
           whence
           he
           went
           to
           Diep
           ,
           and
           there
           provided
           himself
           of
           such
           Necessaries
           as
           served
           him
           until
           He
           came
           to
           his
           Mother
           ,
           who
           was
           at
           the
           French
           Court.
           
        
         
           Cromwel
           hearing
           of
           Iretons
           Success
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           of
           Lieutenant
           General
           Monks
           Success
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           makes
           a
           Motion
           ,
           That
           for
           the
           Security
           of
           the
           Common-Wealth
           (
           as
           it
           was
           then
           called
           )
           the
           Parliament
           should
           be
           turned
           out
           ,
           as
           a
           parcel
           of
           
             Drunkards
             ,
             Whore-Masters
          
           ,
           and
           Oppressors
           ;
           which
           was
           accordingly
           done
           ,
           and
           then
           a
           new
           Convention
           is
           called
           ,
           July
           ,
           1653.
           where
           the
           Government
           is
           put
           upon
           
           Oliver's
           Shoulders
           ,
           by
           an
           Instrument
           delivered
           to
           him
           ,
           by
           their
           Speaker
           Mr.
           Rouse
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           Year
           and
           the
           next
           ,
           were
           Five
           Bloody
           Engagements
           at
           Sea
           ,
           between
           the
           English
           and
           the
           Dutch
           ;
           the
           English
           for
           the
           most
           part
           having
           the
           Victory
           .
           In
           the
           Year
           1656.
           
           Cromwel
           calls
           another
           Parliament
           ,
           which
           he
           had
           so
           far
           secured
           for
           his
           Interest
           ,
           that
           they
           invite
           him
           to
           take
           the
           Imperial
           Crown
           of
           this
           Realm
           ;
           which
           he
           ,
           as
           a
           cunning
           Fox
           (
           knowing
           that
           this
           step
           of
           his
           Advancement
           would
           hasten
           his
           Ruine
           )
           with
           pretented
           modesty
           declined
           ,
           contenting
           himself
           with
           being
           Lord-Protector
           ,
           which
           he
           was
           made
           three
           Years
           before
           .
           Then
           they
           Petitioned
           him
           to
           accept
           
           of
           
             Three-Hundred
             Thousand
          
           Pounds
           a
           Year
           for
           his
           Support
           ;
           to
           have
           a
           New
           House
           of
           Lords
           ;
           to
           name
           his
           own
           Successor
           :
           All
           which
           (
           with
           much
           ado
           )
           he
           accepted
           of
           .
        
         
           But
           when
           Fortune
           had
           set
           him
           so
           High
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           World
           that
           heard
           of
           it
           were
           Astonished
           :
           Behold
           ,
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           his
           Triumph
           he
           is
           snatched
           away
           by
           Death
           ,
           upon
           September
           the
           Third
           ,
           1658.
           
           He
           lay
           in
           State
           ,
           at
           White-Hall
           ,
           about
           six
           Weeks
           ,
           and
           then
           was
           ,
           in
           great
           Splendor
           ,
           Interred
           in
           Westminster
           Abby
           ,
           among
           the
           Princes
           of
           the
           Royal
           Blood
           :
           His
           Son
           Richard
           was
           presently
           Installed
           in
           his
           Place
           ,
           wherein
           he
           had
           hardly
           time
           to
           look
           about
           ,
           when
           Fleetwood
           and
           Lambert
           ,
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Army
           thrust
           him
           out
           ,
           calling
           the
           Long-Parliament
           again
           ;
           this
           Revolution
           was
           followed
           by
           another
           ;
           for
           soon
           after
           ,
           several
           Gentlemen
           in
           Cheshire
           ,
           under
           the
           conduct
           of
           Sir
           
             George
             Booth
          
           ,
           rose
           for
           the
           Defence
           of
           their
           Priviledges
           ,
           but
           were
           defeated
           by
           Lambert
           ;
           he
           immediately
           after
           turned
           out
           the
           Long-Parliament
           ,
           and
           erected
           a
           
             Committee
             of
             Safety
          
           .
        
         
           His
           Majesties
           Friends
           looked
           on
           with
           some
           Hope
           all
           this
           while
           ,
           seeing
           all
           these
           Metamorphosing
           of
           Government
           ,
           might
           tend
           to
           the
           opening
           a
           Door
           for
           His
           Majesties
           entring
           General
           Monk
           hearing
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           
           how
           matters
           went
           in
           England
           ,
           drew
           his
           Army
           towards
           the
           Borders
           :
           Against
           him
           Lambert
           marched
           as
           far
           as
           New-Castle
           ,
           resolving
           to
           Fight
           him
           ;
           but
           his
           men
           had
           no
           heart
           to
           the
           Work
           ,
           which
           forced
           him
           to
           give
           way
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           the
           remainder
           of
           the
           Long-Parliament
           ,
           had
           again
           Convened
           with
           some
           difficulty
           ,
           and
           Dissolved
           the
           
             Committee
             of
             Safety
          
           ;
           inviting
           General
           Monk
           to
           march
           with
           his
           Army
           to
           London
           ,
           which
           he
           accordingly
           did
           ;
           and
           to
           requite
           their
           kindness
           ,
           gets
           them
           Dissolved
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           Year
           1660.
           
           Another
           Parliament
           was
           called
           at
           Westminster
           ,
           where
           ,
           by
           unanimous
           Consent
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           was
           invited
           Home
           ;
           and
           accordingly
           ,
           the
           Twenty-ninth
           of
           May
           following
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           accompanied
           with
           the
           Dukes
           of
           York
           and
           Glocester
           ,
           and
           attended
           with
           a
           Gallant
           Train
           of
           Lords
           and
           Gentlemen
           ,
           Arrived
           at
           Dover
           ,
           whence
           He
           was
           conducted
           through
           London
           ,
           in
           great
           State
           to
           White-Hall
           ;
           where
           ,
           by
           a
           Lineal
           Legal
           Succession
           ,
           He
           possesses
           the
           Imperial
           Crown
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           for
           almost
           
             Two
             Thousand
          
           Years
           :
           So
           that
           ,
           for
           Royal
           Extraction
           ,
           and
           Long
           Line
           of
           Just
           Descent
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           may
           Reckon
           with
           any
           Monarch
           in
           the
           Christian
           World.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           AN
           APPENDIX
           To
           the
           Present
           STATE
           of
           SCOTLAND
           ,
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             I.
             Of
             its
             Climate
             ,
             Dimension
             ,
             Division
             ,
             Air
             ,
             Soil
             ,
             Commodities
             .
          
           
             SCotland
             is
             one
             of
             the
             Two
             Kingdomes
             that
             divides
             the
             great
             Island
             of
             Brittain
             ,
             being
             bounded
             on
             the
             East
             by
             the
             German
             Ocean
             ,
             on
             the
             North
             ,
             by
             the
             Dewcalledon
             Sea
             ;
             on
             the
             West
             ,
             by
             the
             Irish
             Sea
             :
             And
             divides
             it self
             from
             England
             ,
             by
             the
             Rivers
             Tweed
             and
             Solway
             ,
             and
             the
             Cheviot
             Hills
             .
          
           
           
             
               Clim
               .
               Edinburgh
            
             is
             Scituated
             between
             the
             Degrees
             of
             Latitude
             56
             d.
             2
             minutes
             ,
             of
             Longitude
             3
             d.
             0
             min.
             from
             London
             West
             .
             Longest
             Day
             ,
             17
             hours
             27
             
               min.
               Aberdeen
            
             57
             d.
             10.
             min.
             of
             Latitude
             ;
             2.
             d.
             20.
             
               min.
               
               Longitude
            
             ;
             the
             most
             Northernly
             parts
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             is
             Dunsby-head
             ,
             whose
             Latitude
             is
             58
             d.
             5
             min.
             
          
           
             Dimensions
             .
             It
             s
             Length
             is
             about
             480.
             
             Miles
             ;
             its
             breadth
             is
             very
             disproportionable
             ,
             there
             being
             no
             place
             in
             it
             that
             is
             above
             70.
             
             Miles
             distant
             from
             the
             Sea.
             
          
           
             Division
             .
             The
             Country
             is
             divided
             according
             to
             its
             Inhabitants
             ;
             into
             Highland
             and
             Low-land
             .
             The
             Highlanders
             live
             in
             the
             North
             and
             West
             Parts
             ,
             or
             in
             some
             out
             Islands
             ;
             being
             a
             bold
             and
             hardy
             People
             ,
             much
             given
             to
             Warlike
             Exercises
             ;
             being
             alwayes
             in
             readiness
             ,
             when
             ever
             Commanded
             by
             their
             Cheif
             :
             Their
             Weapons
             were
             commonly
             Bows
             and
             Arrows
             ,
             but
             not
             so
             much
             used
             now
             as
             formerly
             ;
             they
             are
             a
             People
             that
             can
             endure
             as
             much
             hardships
             of
             War
             ,
             as
             any
             People
             in
             the
             World.
             The
             Lowlanders
             bordering
             upon
             the
             East
             and
             South
             ,
             are
             as
             civil
             ,
             as
             any
             other
             People
             ;
             their
             Language
             much
             like
             the
             English
             ,
             differing
             only
             in
             the
             Accent
             .
          
           
             Air.
             The
             Air
             is
             very
             wholsome
             ;
             the
             cold
             in
             Winter
             towards
             the
             North
             is
             very
             sharp
             ;
             but
             there
             being
             great
             plenty
             
             of
             Firing
             ,
             the
             Inhabitants
             do
             not
             suffer
             by
             it
             .
             The
             heat
             is
             less
             scorching
             in
             Summer
             ,
             than
             in
             some
             other
             parts
             of
             the
             Continent
             .
          
           
             The
             Soil
             is
             pleasant
             and
             healthful
             ,
             abounding
             with
             Springs
             and
             Rivers
             ;
             towards
             the
             North
             it
             is
             Mountainous
             ,
             yet
             not
             wanting
             fruitful
             Valleys
             apt
             to
             bear
             any
             Grain
             .
          
           
             Commodities
             .
             The
             Country
             every
             where
             affordeth
             plenty
             of
             Sheep
             ,
             Oxen
             ,
             Coneys
             and
             fallow
             Deer
             ;
             as
             also
             abundance
             of
             Geese
             ,
             Ducks
             ,
             Hens
             ,
             Turkies
             ,
             Pigeons
             ,
             Partridges
             ,
             Sea-Plover
             ,
             Herons
             ,
             Quailes
             and
             Larks
             ,
             &c.
             with
             great
             plenty
             of
             Fish
             ,
             such
             as
             Salmonds
             ,
             Pikes
             ,
             Carps
             and
             Trouts
             ;
             also
             Herrings
             ,
             Oysters
             ,
             Cockles
             ,
             Mussels
             ,
             Turpots
             and
             Lobsters
             .
             Fruits
             .
             As
             Apples
             ,
             Pears
             ,
             Plums
             ,
             Cherries
             ,
             Peaches
             and
             Apricocks
             .
             Corn
             ,
             Barly
             ,
             Rie
             ,
             Beans
             ,
             Pease
             and
             Oats
             .
             Also
             it
             produceth
             a
             great
             quantity
             of
             Tin
             ,
             Lead
             ,
             Copper
             ,
             Allom
             ,
             Salt
             ,
             Hops
             ;
             with
             several
             Silver-Mines
             .
             It
             is
             accounted
             Richer
             under
             ground
             ,
             than
             above
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             their
             Mines
             ,
             which
             when
             tryed
             ,
             yeild
             much
             in
             their
             quantities
             of
             Ore.
             
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             II.
             Of
             the
             Laws
             of
             Scotland
             .
          
           
             THey
             are
             made
             of
             the
             Municipal
             and
             Civil
             Laws
             ;
             the
             Municipal
             consists
             either
             of
             Acts
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             or
             of
             the
             Customes
             and
             Practices
             of
             the
             Colledge
             of
             Justice
             ;
             and
             when
             neither
             of
             these
             contradict
             ,
             the
             Civil
             Law
             is
             of
             force
             .
          
           
             All
             the
             Rights
             and
             Evidences
             of
             the
             Subject
             ,
             are
             committed
             to
             Registers
             ;
             by
             which
             means
             men
             are
             sure
             not
             to
             be
             cheated
             in
             buying
             ,
             or
             conveying
             Estates
             .
             For
             first
             ,
             no
             man
             can
             have
             a
             right
             to
             an
             Estate
             but
             by
             his
             being
             seised
             of
             it
             ,
             which
             is
             done
             by
             delivering
             Earth
             and
             Stone
             ;
             upon
             which
             an
             Instrument
             is
             made
             ,
             called
             a
             Seising
             ,
             and
             this
             within
             sixty
             dayes
             after
             must
             be
             Registred
             ,
             else
             it
             is
             of
             no
             force
             ;
             by
             which
             means
             all
             secret
             Conveyances
             are
             cut
             off
             .
             Next
             ,
             all
             Bonds
             have
             a
             Clause
             in
             them
             for
             inserting
             them
             in
             the
             publick
             Registers
             ;
             and
             they
             being
             Registred
             without
             any
             further
             Action
             upon
             a
             charge
             of
             six
             dayes
             ,
             the
             Debtor
             must
             make
             payment
             .
             A
             Third
             Instance
             is
             ,
             that
             any
             Creditor
             may
             serve
             a
             Writ
             on
             his
             Debtor
             ,
             called
             
               Letters
               of
               
               Inhibitione
            
             ,
             by
             which
             he
             can
             make
             no
             disposition
             of
             his
             Goods
             or
             Estate
             ,
             till
             the
             Party
             be
             satisfied
             ;
             if
             these
             Letters
             be
             returned
             Registred
             ,
             within
             twenty-one
             days
             after
             they
             are
             served
             ,
             otherwise
             they
             have
             no
             force
             .
             Many
             such
             Instances
             may
             be
             produced
             ,
             by
             which
             it
             appears
             how
             securely
             the
             Subject
             may
             enjoy
             that
             he
             hath
             ,
             or
             may
             purchase
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             III.
             Of
             the
             Cheif
             Officers
             of
             State
             ,
             of
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             of
             the
             Privy
             Council
             ,
             of
             the
             Colledge
             of
             Justice
             ,
             of
             the
             Justice
             Court
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             Exchequer
             .
          
           
             THe
             King
             administers
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             by
             his
             Officers
             of
             State
             ,
             who
             are
             Eight
             in
             number
             :
             The
             first
             is
             the
             Lord
             Chancellour
             ,
             who
             is
             Keeper
             of
             the
             Great
             Seal
             ,
             and
             President
             of
             all
             Courts
             ,
             except
             the
             Exchequer
             .
             This
             Office
             is
             in
             the
             Person
             of
             John
             Earl
             of
             Perth
             .
             The
             second
             is
             the
             Lord
             Treasurer
             ,
             who
             manages
             the
             Revenue
             ,
             and
             
             presides
             in
             the
             Exchequer
             ,
             who
             is
             at
             present
             the
             Marquess
             of
             Queensbury
             .
             The
             third
             is
             the
             Lord
             Privy
             Seal
             ;
             which
             Office
             the
             Marquess
             of
             Athole
             enjoyes
             .
             The
             fourth
             is
             the
             Lord
             Secretary
             ,
             who
             is
             at
             present
             Alexander
             Earl
             of
             Murray
             .
             The
             fifth
             Officer
             is
             the
             Lord
             Clerk
             of
             the
             Registers
             ,
             who
             has
             the
             charge
             of
             all
             the
             publick
             Records
             ;
             this
             Office
             is
             executed
             by
             Sir
             
               George
               Mikenzie
            
             ,
             of
             Tarbet
             .
             The
             sixth
             is
             the
             Kings
             Advocate
             ;
             he
             is
             commonly
             a
             Judge
             ,
             except
             in
             cases
             where
             the
             King
             is
             concerned
             ;
             and
             then
             he
             pleads
             for
             the
             King
             :
             The
             present
             Lord
             Advocate
             is
             ,
             Sir
             
               George
               Mikenzie
            
             of
             Rosehaugh
             :
             The
             seventh
             Office
             is
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Treasurer
             Deputy
             ;
             which
             Office
             was
             Executed
             by
             Sir
             
               Charles
               Maitland
            
             ,
             of
             Hattoun
             ,
             now
             Earl
             of
             Lauderdale
             .
             The
             eighth
             is
             the
             Lord
             Justice
             Clerk
             ,
             who
             assists
             the
             Lord
             Justice
             General
             in
             criminal
             Causes
             .
             The
             present
             Justice
             Clerk
             is
             ,
             
               Richard
               Maitland
            
             ,
             Esquire
             .
          
           
             Par.
             The
             Parliament
             is
             made
             up
             of
             three
             Estates
             :
             The
             first
             is
             Ecclesiastical
             ,
             consisting
             of
             Arch-Bishops
             ,
             and
             Bishops
             :
             The
             second
             Estate
             is
             ,
             The
             Nobility
             and
             Barons
             :
             The
             third
             is
             ,
             The
             Burroughs
             .
          
           
             Upon
             the
             first
             day
             of
             each
             Parliament
             ,
             there
             are
             such
             solemnities
             ,
             and
             magnificent
             Shews
             ,
             as
             is
             not
             observed
             in
             any
             Kingdom
             upon
             such
             occasions
             .
             For
             all
             
             the
             members
             of
             Parliament
             according
             to
             their
             degree
             ,
             Riding
             (
             as
             it
             were
             )
             in
             Procession
             from
             the
             Kings
             Palace
             to
             the
             Parliament
             House
             .
             The
             Commissioner
             Riding
             last
             :
             The
             Crown
             ,
             the
             Sword
             ,
             and
             the
             Scepter
             ,
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Honours
             being
             carryed
             before
             him
             ;
             they
             return
             in
             the
             same
             order
             back
             again
             to
             the
             Palace
             .
             Sometimes
             the
             King
             makes
             use
             of
             a
             Convention
             of
             Estates
             ,
             which
             can
             make
             no
             Laws
             ;
             only
             by
             this
             meeting
             impositions
             are
             laid
             upon
             the
             Subjects
             .
          
           
             The
             Parliament
             being
             the
             supream
             Court
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             impertinent
             to
             give
             a
             List
             of
             the
             Nobility
             with
             their
             Precedency
             and
             Surnames
             ,
             which
             is
             as
             follows
             .
          
           
             
               Dukes
               .
            
             
               His
               Royal
               Highness
               the
               Duke
               of
               Albany
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Surnames
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Dukes
                     of
                  
                   
                     Hamilton
                  
                   
                     Hamilton
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Buccleauch
                  
                   
                     Scot.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lenox
                  
                   
                     Lenox
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Marquesses
                  
                   
                     Surnames
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Marquess
                     of
                  
                   
                     Huntley
                  
                   
                     Gordone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Douglas
                  
                   
                     Douglas
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Montross
                  
                   
                     Graham
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Athol
                  
                   
                     Murray
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Queensbury
                  
                   
                     Douglass
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Earls
                  
                   
                     Surnames
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Earls
                     of
                  
                   
                     Crawford
                  
                   
                     Lindsey
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Errol
                  
                   
                     Hay
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Marishall
                  
                   
                     Keith
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Southerland
                  
                   
                     Southerland
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Marr
                  
                   
                     Ereskine
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Airth
                  
                   
                     Grahame
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Morton
                  
                   
                     Douglass
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Buchan
                  
                   
                     Ereskine
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Glencairn
                  
                   
                     Cunninghame
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eglinton
                  
                   
                     Montgomery
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Casstles
                  
                   
                     Kennedy
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Murray
                  
                   
                     Stewart
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Caithness
                  
                   
                     Sinclare
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nithifdale
                  
                   
                     Maxwell
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Wintoune
                  
                   
                     Seatoune
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Linlithgow
                  
                   
                     Livingstone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hume
                  
                   
                     Hume
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pearth
                  
                   
                     Drummond
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dumfermling
                  
                   
                     Seatoune
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Wigtoun
                  
                   
                     Fleming
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Strathmore
                  
                   
                     Lyon.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                     Abercorn
                  
                   
                     Hamilton
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Roxborough
                  
                   
                     Ker.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kelly
                  
                   
                     Ereiskine
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Haddingtoun
                  
                   
                     Hamilton
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Galloway
                  
                   
                     Stewart
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Seaforth
                  
                   
                     
                       Mac.
                       Kenzy
                    
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lowthian
                  
                   
                     Ker.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kinnoule
                  
                   
                     Hay
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Loudon
                  
                   
                     Campbell
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dumfriess
                  
                   
                     Creighton
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sterling
                  
                   
                     Alexander
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Elgine
                  
                   
                     Bruce
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Southesk
                  
                   
                     Carnaigy
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Traquair
                  
                   
                     Stewart
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ancram
                  
                   
                     Ker.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Weimes
                  
                   
                     Weimes
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dalhousy
                  
                   
                     Ramsey
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Airly
                  
                   
                     Ogilvy
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Callender
                  
                   
                     Levingstone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Carnwath
                  
                   
                     Dalziel
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Finlator
                  
                   
                     Ogilvy
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Levin
                  
                   
                     Lesley
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Annandale
                  
                   
                     Johnstone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dysert
                  
                   
                     Murray
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Panmuire
                  
                   
                     Mauld
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tweddale
                  
                   
                     Hay
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Northesk
                  
                   
                     Carnaigy
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kinkardin
                  
                   
                     Bruce
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Forfar
                  
                   
                     Douglass
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Balcarres
                  
                   
                     Lindsay
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                     Middleton
                  
                   
                     Middleton
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aboyne
                  
                   
                     Gordone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tarras
                  
                   
                     Scot.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Newburgh
                  
                   
                     Levingstone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kilmarnock
                  
                   
                     Boyd
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dundonald
                  
                   
                     Cochraine
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dumbarton
                  
                   
                     Douglass
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kintore
                  
                   
                     Keith
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Broad
                       Albyne
                    
                  
                   
                     Campbell
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aberdeen
                  
                   
                     Gordone
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Viscounts
                  
                   
                     Surnames
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Viscounts
                     of
                  
                   
                     Faulkland
                  
                   
                     Carey
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dumbarr
                  
                   
                     Constable
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Stormont
                  
                   
                     Murray
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kenmure
                  
                   
                     Gordone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Arbuthnet
                  
                   
                     Arbuthnet
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Frendaret
                  
                   
                     Creightone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kingstone
                  
                   
                     Seatoune
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oxenford
                  
                   
                     Macgill
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kilsyth
                  
                   
                     Levingstone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Irwing
                  
                   
                     Campbell
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dumbiane
                  
                   
                     Osborne
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Preston
                  
                   
                     Grahame
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Newhaven
                  
                   
                     Sheene
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Lords
                  
                   
                     Surnames
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Lords
                     of
                  
                   
                     Forbes
                  
                   
                     Forbes
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Saltone
                  
                   
                     Frazier
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gray
                  
                   
                     Gray
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                     Ochiltry
                  
                   
                     Stewart
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cathcart
                  
                   
                     Cathcart
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sinclare
                  
                   
                     Sinclare
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mordington
                  
                   
                     Douglass
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Semple
                  
                   
                     Semple
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Elphingstone
                  
                   
                     Elphingstone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oliphant
                  
                   
                     Oliphant
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lovat
                  
                   
                     Frazier
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Borthwick
                  
                   
                     Borthwick
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rosse
                  
                   
                     Rosse
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Torphighen
                  
                   
                     Sandilands
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Spyne
                  
                   
                     Lindsey
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lindoris
                  
                   
                     Lesley
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Balmerinoch
                  
                   
                     Elphingstone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Blantyre
                  
                   
                     Stewart
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cardrosse
                  
                   
                     Ereskine
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Burghly
                  
                   
                     Balfour
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Maderty
                  
                   
                     Drummond
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cranstone
                  
                   
                     Cranstone
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Melvil
                  
                   
                     Melvil
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Neaper
                  
                   
                     Neaper
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cameron
                  
                   
                     Fairfax
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cramond
                  
                   
                     Richardson
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rae
                  
                   
                     Macky
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Forrester
                  
                   
                     Bailzy
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Petsl●go
                  
                   
                     —
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Kirkudbright
                  
                   
                     Mac-cleland
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Frazier
                  
                   
                     Frazier
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bargany
                  
                   
                     Hamilton
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bamf
                  
                   
                     Ogilvy
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                     Elibank
                  
                   
                     Murray
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dunkeld
                  
                   
                     Galloway
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Halcarton
                  
                   
                     Falconer
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Belhaven
                  
                   
                     Hamilton
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Abercromby
                  
                   
                     Sandilands
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Carmichael
                  
                   
                     Carmichael
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rollo
                  
                   
                     Rollo
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Colvil
                  
                   
                     Colvil
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Duffus
                  
                   
                     Southerland
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ruthven
                  
                   
                     Ruthven
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mack-Donald
                  
                   
                     Mack-donald
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rutherford
                  
                   
                     Rutherford
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Balanden
                  
                   
                     Balanden
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Newark
                  
                   
                     Lesly
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Burntisland
                  
                   
                     Weimes
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Strathard
                  
                   
                     Nairne
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               His
               Majesties
               Privy
               Council
               is
               chiefly
               imployed
               about
               Publick
               Affairs
               ;
               the
               Power
               of
               it
               hath
               been
               mostly
               raised
               since
               King
               James
               came
               to
               the
               Crown
               of
               England
               ;
               by
               reason
               of
               which
               ,
               being
               necessitated
               to
               be
               absent
               from
               Scotland
               himself
               ,
               he
               lodged
               much
               of
               his
               power
               in
               the
               Lords
               of
               His
               Privy
               Council
               ;
               we
               cannot
               (
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               late
               alterations
               )
               give
               an
               exact
               List
               of
               the
               present
               Lords
               of
               the
               Council
               :
               Wherefore
               we
               shall
               forbear
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Supream
                 Court
                 of
                 Judicature
              
               ,
               about
               the
               property
               of
               the
               Subject
               ,
               is
               called
               the
               
               
                 Colledge
                 of
                 Justice
              
               .
               It
               consists
               of
               fourteen
               Judges
               ,
               who
               are
               called
               Senators
               of
               the
               Colledge
               of
               Justice
               ,
               and
               a
               President
               .
               This
               Court
               sits
               from
               the
               first
               of
               November
               ,
               till
               the
               last
               of
               March.
               
            
             
               The
               
                 Justice
                 Court
              
               being
               the
               next
               Supream
               Court
               ,
               where
               Criminals
               are
               tryed
               ,
               consists
               of
               a
               Lord
               Justice
               General
               ,
               and
               a
               Lord
               Justice
               Clerk
               who
               is
               his
               Assistant
               .
               All
               Tryals
               for
               Life
               ,
               are
               in
               this
               Court
               ;
               where
               every
               Subject
               ,
               as
               well
               Peers
               as
               Commoners
               are
               tryed
               ;
               Peers
               by
               a
               Jury
               or
               Assize
               of
               Peers
               ;
               and
               Commoners
               ,
               by
               a
               Jury
               of
               Commoners
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               Supream
               Court
               is
               the
               Exchequer
               ,
               which
               consists
               of
               ,
               the
               Lord
               Treasurer
               ,
               the
               Lord
               Treasurers
               Deputy
               ,
               and
               some
               Assistants
               called
               the
               Lords
               of
               the
               Exchequer
               :
               Here
               all
               the
               Kings
               Grants
               ,
               Pensions
               ,
               Gifts
               of
               Wards
               ,
               and
               such
               like
               are
               passed
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             IV.
             Of
             Sheriff-Courts
             ;
             also
             an
             account
             of
             the
             Shires
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             with
             their
             Sheriffs
             who
             are
             (
             most
             of
             them
             so
             )
             by
             Inheritance
             .
          
           
             THere
             are
             beside
             the
             Supream
             Courts
             of
             the
             Nation
             ,
             other
             inferior
             Courts
             ;
             the
             most
             considerable
             of
             which
             ,
             is
             the
             Sheriffs
             Courts
             ,
             where
             Thefts
             ,
             and
             all
             lesser
             Crimes
             are
             Judged
             ;
             as
             also
             Murthers
             ,
             if
             the
             Murtherer
             be
             taken
             in
             hot
             blood
             .
             The
             Sheriffs
             in
             this
             Nation
             are
             (
             most
             of
             them
             )
             so
             by
             Inheritance
             ;
             wherefore
             it
             may
             not
             be
             impertinent
             here
             to
             give
             a
             List
             of
             the
             Shires
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             with
             their
             Sheriffs
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Shires
                 of
                 Scotland
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 bounds
                 and
                 Sheriffs
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Shires
                
                 
                   Sheriffs
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Shire
                   of
                   Edinburgh
                   containeth
                   Middle
                   Lothian
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Earl
                   of
                   Lau●erdale
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Berwick
                   containeth
                   Mers
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Home
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Peeblis
                   containeth
                   Tweddail
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Tweddail
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Shelkirk
                   containeth
                   the
                   Forrest
                   of
                   Etterick
                   .
                
                 
                   —
                   Murray
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Roxburgh
                   containeth
                   
                     Tiviotdale
                     ,
                     Lidisdale
                     ,
                     Eshdail
                     ,
                     Eusdail
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   Duke
                   of
                   Buckleugh
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Dumfreis
                   containeth
                   Nithisdail
                   ,
                   and
                   Anandail
                   .
                
                 
                   Marquess
                   of
                   Queensbury
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Wigton
                   containeth
                   the
                   West
                   parts
                   of
                   Galloway
                   .
                
                 
                   Sir
                   
                     Patrick
                     Agnew
                  
                   of
                   Lochnaw
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Aire
                   containeth
                   
                     Kyle
                     ,
                     Carrict
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Cunninghame
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Dumfreis
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Renfrew
                   containeth
                   the
                   Barony
                   of
                   Renfrew
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Eglington
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Lanerick
                   containeth
                   Clidsdail
                   .
                
                 
                   Duke
                   Hamilton
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Dumbritton
                   containeth
                   Lenox
                   .
                
                 
                   Duke
                   of
                   Lenox
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Bute
                   containeth
                   the
                   Isles
                   of
                   Bute
                   and
                   Arran
                   .
                
                 
                   Sir
                   
                     James
                     Stewart
                  
                   of
                   Bute
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Innerara
                   
                   containeth
                   
                     Argile
                     ,
                     Lorn
                     ,
                     Kintyre
                  
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   West
                   Isles
                   .
                
                 
                   —
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Pearth
                   containeth
                   
                     Athol
                     ,
                     Goury
                     ,
                     Glenshee
                     ,
                     Strath-Ardell
                     ,
                     Broad-Albine
                     ,
                     Ramach
                     ,
                     Balhider
                     ,
                     Glenurqhuay
                     ,
                     Stormont
                     ,
                     Menteith
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Strath-Yern
                   .
                
                 
                   Marquess
                   of
                   Atholl
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Striveling
                   lyeth
                   on
                   both
                   sides
                   the
                   River
                   Forth
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Marr.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Linlighgow
                   ,
                   West
                   Lothian
                   .
                
                 
                   —
                   Hope
                   of
                   Hoptoun
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Clackmanan
                   containeth
                   a
                   part
                   of
                   Fife
                   ,
                   lying
                   upon
                   the
                   River
                   Forth
                   ,
                   towards
                   Striveling
                   .
                
                 
                   Bruce
                   of
                   Clackmanan
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Kinross
                   containeth
                   so
                   much
                   of
                   Fife
                   ,
                   as
                   lyeth
                   between
                   Lochleiven
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Ochell
                   Hills
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Morton
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Couper
                   containeth
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   Fife
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Rothes
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Forfar
                   containeth
                   Angus
                   ,
                   with
                   its
                   pertinents
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Southesk
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Kinkardin
                   containeth
                   Mernis
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Kincardin
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Aberdeen
                   containeth
                   Mar
                   ,
                   with
                   its
                   pertinents
                   ,
                   also
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   
                     Buchan
                     ,
                     Forumarten
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Strathbogie
                   .
                
                 
                   Sir
                   —
                   Campbel
                   of
                   Caddel
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Bamf
                   containeth
                   a
                   small
                   part
                   of
                   
                     Buchan
                     ,
                     Strath-Dovern
                     ,
                     Boyn
                     ,
                     Enzy
                     ,
                     Strath-Awin
                  
                   and
                   Balveny
                   .
                
                 
                   Sir
                   
                     James
                     Baird
                  
                   of
                   Auchmedden
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Elgine
                   containeth
                   the
                   Eastern
                   part
                   of
                   Murray
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Robert
                     Dumbar
                  
                   of
                   —
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Nairn
                   containeth
                   the
                   West
                   part
                   of
                   Murray
                   .
                
                 
                   —
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Innerness
                   containeth
                   
                     Badenoch
                     ,
                     Lochabyr
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   South
                   part
                   of
                   Ross
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Murray
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Cromarty
                   containeth
                   a
                   small
                   part
                   of
                   Ross
                   ,
                   lying
                   on
                   the
                   South
                   side
                   of
                   
                     Cromarty
                     Firth
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   —
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Tayne
                   containeth
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   Ross
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Isles
                   of
                   
                     Sky
                     ,
                     Lemes
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Harrigh
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Seaforth
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Dornoch
                   
                   containeth
                   Southerland
                   .
                   &
                   Strath-Naver
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Southerland
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Weik
                   containeth
                   Cathness
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Cathness
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   shire
                   of
                   Orkney
                   containeth
                   all
                   the
                   Isles
                   of
                   Orkney
                   and
                   Schetland
                   .
                
                 
                   —
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Constabulary
                   of
                   Haddington
                   containeth
                   East
                   Lothian
                   and
                   Lauderdale
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Lauderdale
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Stewartries
                   .
                
                 
                   Stewards
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Stewartry
                   of
                   Strathern
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Pearth
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Stewartry
                   of
                   Monteith
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Monteith
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Stewartry
                   of
                   Annandate
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Annandale
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Stewartry
                   of
                   Kirkudbright
                   containeth
                   the
                   East
                   parts
                   of
                   Galloway
                   .
                
                 
                   Earl
                   of
                   Nithisdale
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Baileries
                
                 
                   Bailiffs
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Kyle
                   .
                
                 
                   —
                
              
               
                 
                   Carrict
                   .
                
                 
                   E.
                   of
                   Cassiles
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Cunninghame
                   .
                
                 
                   E.
                   Eglington
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             We
             should
             in
             the
             next
             place
             have
             spoken
             somewhat
             of
             the
             Ecclesiastical
             Government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             but
             it
             being
             done
             
             already
             by
             so
             many
             Learned
             Pens
             ,
             especially
             Arch-Bishop
             Spotswood
             ,
             to
             which
             we
             refer
             the
             Reader
             :
             We
             shall
             now
             pass
             to
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             V.
             Of
             the
             Vniversities
             of
             Scotland
             .
          
           
             In
             Scotland
             there
             are
             four
             Universities
             .
          
           
             
               St.
               Andrews
               .
            
             
               Glasgow
            
             
               Aberdeen
               .
            
             
               Edenburgh
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Vniversity
               of
               St.
               Andrews
               .
            
             
               This
               University
               was
               founded
               by
               Bishop
               
                 Heawardlaw
                 A.
                 D.
              
               1412
               the
               Arch-Bishops
               of
               St.
               Andrews
               are
               perpetually
               Chancellors
               thereof
               ;
               the
               Rector
               is
               chosen
               yearly
               ,
               and
               hath
               the
               same
               Power
               with
               the
               Vice-chancellor
               of
               Oxford
               and
               Cambridge
               .
            
             
               There
               are
               in
               this
               University
               three
               
                 Colledges
                 ,
                 viz.
              
               St.
               Salvator
               ,
               St.
               Leonards
               ,
               and
               St.
               Maryes
               ,
               St.
               
                 Salvators
                 Colledg
              
               was
               founded
               by
               Bishop
               Kennedy
               who
               endued
               it
               with
               very
               sumptuous
               and
               costly
               Ornaments
               ;
               and
               provided
               sufficient
               maintenance
               for
               the
               masters
               and
               professors
               .
               St.
               
                 Leonards
                 Colledg
              
               was
               founded
               by
               Prior
               ,
               
                 John
                 Hepburn
                 ,
                 A.
                 D.
              
               1525.
               
               Persons
               endowed
               are
               Principal
               ,
               four
               Professors
               of
               Philosophy
               ,
               Eight
               Poor
               Schollars
               .
            
             
             
               St.
               
                 Maries
                 Colledge
              
               was
               founded
               by
               Arch-Bishop
               Beaton
               ,
               no
               Science
               is
               here
               taught
               but
               Theologie
               ,
               which
               is
               done
               gratis
               ,
               the
               Schools
               being
               open
               to
               receive
               any
               to
               be
               instructed
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Vniversity
               of
               Glasgow
               .
            
             
               This
               University
               was
               founded
               by
               King
               James
               the
               second
               ,
               and
               augmented
               with
               ample
               Priviledges
               by
               King
               James
               the
               Sixth
               .
               King
               Charles
               the
               First
               did
               ratify
               all
               the
               old
               Priviledges
               ,
               and
               bestowed
               mony
               for
               repairing
               the
               Fabrick
               ,
               also
               King
               Charles
               the
               second
               by
               consent
               of
               Parliament
               bestowed
               a
               considerable
               sum
               of
               mony
               uppon
               it
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Vniversity
               of
               Aberdeen
               .
            
             
               There
               were
               in
               this
               place
               an
               associated
               company
               of
               Students
               of
               Divinity
               ,
               and
               the
               Canon
               and
               City
               Laws
               in
               the
               times
               of
               King
               Alexander
               the
               second
               ,
               but
               it
               was
               by
               King
               James
               the
               Fourth
               made
               an
               University
               in
               
                 A.
                 D.
              
               1494
               ,
               it
               was
               founded
               with
               as
               ample
               Priviledges
               as
               any
               University
               in
               Christendom
               .
               In
               it
               both
               Philosophy
               ,
               Divinity
               ,
               Physick
               ,
               and
               Law
               ,
               are
               very
               accurately
               taught
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               The
               Vniversity
               of
               Edenburgh
               .
            
             
               King
               James
               the
               Sixth
               ,
               
                 Anno.
                 Dom.
              
               1580.
               founded
               this
               University
               upon
               the
               supplication
               of
               the
               Magistrates
               of
               the
               City
               ;
               granting
               them
               under
               the
               great
               Seal
               an
               University
               with
               all
               the
               priviledges
               and
               immunities
               that
               any
               University
               within
               the
               Kingdom
               could
               pretend
               to
               .
            
             
               Persons
               endowed
               ,
               were
               ,
               a
               Principal
               ,
               a
               Professor
               of
               Divinity
               ;
               a
               Professor
               of
               Philosophy
               ,
               a
               Professor
               of
               Humanity
               ;
               to
               which
               is
               since
               added
               a
               Professor
               of
               Hebrew
               .
            
          
        
      
       
         
           A
           Postscript
           .
           Of
           the
           Laws
           of
           Scotland
           for
           Torturing
           Criminals
           ;
           and
           of
           that
           Torture
           in
           particular
           called
           the
           Boot
           .
        
         
           THe
           Laws
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           according
           to
           a
           late
           Learned
           Writer
           ,
           Sir
           G.
           Mace●zy
           in
           his
           Criminals
           ,
           allow
           not
           Tortures
           but
           in
           case
           of
           Obstinacy
           in
           the
           criminal
           ,
           where
           there
           is
           great
           presumption
           of
           guilt
           ,
           and
           therefore
           it
           is
           not
           allowed
           to
           any
           ,
           but
           to
           the
           Councel
           or
           Justices
           to
           use
           torture
           in
           any
           case
           .
        
         
         
           It
           is
           a
           ruled
           case
           in
           Law
           ,
           that
           Torture
           being
           adduced
           ,
           purges
           all
           former
           presumptions
           ,
           which
           preceded
           the
           Torture
           ,
           if
           the
           person
           Tortured
           be
           constant
           in
           his
           denyal
           ;
           and
           therefore
           Torture
           is
           called
           ,
           
             Probatio
             Vltima
          
           .
           Neither
           can
           a
           Person
           sentenced
           to
           dye
           ,
           be
           Tortured
           ,
           when
           Sentence
           is
           passed
           against
           him
           ,
           for
           
             Post
             condemnationem
             judices
             functi
             sunt
             Officio
             .
             Minors
          
           also
           have
           this
           as
           one
           of
           their
           Priviledges
           ,
           by
           the
           Scottish
           Laws
           ,
           that
           they
           cannot
           be
           Tortured
           lest
           the
           tenderness
           both
           of
           their
           Age
           and
           Judgment
           make
           them
           fail
           .
        
         
           The
           most
           ordinary
           way
           of
           Torture
           in
           Scotland
           is
           ,
           by
           an
           
             Iron
             Engine
          
           called
           the
           Boot
           ,
           the
           manner
           thus
           .
           The
           Criminal
           is
           called
           to
           be
           examined
           before
           the
           Councel
           ,
           and
           upon
           Obstinacy
           is
           threatned
           with
           the
           Boot
           ,
           and
           then
           dismissed
           for
           that
           time
           ;
           with
           certification
           ,
           that
           if
           within
           so
           many
           dayes
           he
           do
           not
           confess
           ,
           he
           shall
           be
           Tortured
           :
           When
           this
           day
           comes
           ,
           if
           he
           continue
           obstinate
           ,
           he
           is
           called
           before
           the
           Council
           ,
           or
           a
           Quorum
           of
           them
           ,
           where
           the
           Executioner
           attends
           with
           the
           Boot
           ;
           there
           he
           is
           again
           examined
           by
           the
           Judges
           ;
           if
           he
           do
           not
           confess
           ,
           then
           they
           order
           the
           Executioner
           to
           put
           his
           Leg
           in
           the
           Boot
           with
           some
           Iron
           Wedges
           ;
           then
           they
           examine
           him
           again
           ;
           if
           he
           continue
           
           refractory
           ,
           then
           the
           Executioner
           is
           commanded
           to
           drive
           one
           of
           the
           Wedges
           ,
           and
           then
           another
           ,
           till
           the
           Criminal
           either
           confess
           ,
           or
           the
           Judges
           are
           satisfied
           he
           hath
           nothing
           to
           confess
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           Books
           Lately
           Printed
           and
           Sold
           by
           
             William
             Benbridge
          
           .
        
         
           THE
           second
           part
           of
           the
           
             Weeks
             Preparation
             for
             the
             Sacrament
          
           .
           Consisting
           of
           Soliloquies
           ,
           Prayers
           ,
           Hymns
           ,
           Ejaculations
           ,
           Thanksgiving
           and
           Examination
           ,
           for
           Sunday
           Evening
           ,
           (
           after
           the
           Celebration
           of
           the
           Holy
           Communion
           .
           )
           As
           also
           for
           Morning
           and
           Evening
           on
           every
           day
           of
           the
           Week
           following
           .
           Together
           with
           Directions
           to
           lead
           an
           Holy
           Life
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Stile
             of
             Exchanges
          
           ,
           containing
           both
           their
           
             Law
             and
             Custom
          
           ,
           as
           practised
           now
           in
           the
           most
           considerable
           place
           of
           Exchange
           in
           Europe
           .
           Unfoulding
           divers
           Misteries
           ,
           and
           directing
           every
           Person
           ,
           howsoever
           concerned
           in
           a
           
             Bill
             of
             Exchange
          
           ,
           to
           what
           he
           ought
           to
           do
           and
           observe
           ,
           in
           any
           case
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           his
           own
           security
           .
           Translated
           out
           of
           Low
           and
           
             High-Duch
             ,
             French
          
           and
           
           Italian-Latine
           Authors
           .
           The
           whole
           Methodically
           digested
           into
           Chapters
           and
           Sections
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           help
           of
           an
           Index
           any
           particular
           Case
           many
           readily
           be
           found
           .
           By
           
             John
             Scarlett
          
           ,
           Merchant
           of
           the
           Eastland
           Company
           ,
           The
           second
           Edition
           .
        
         
           Lucian's
           Works
           ,
           Translated
           from
           the
           Greek
           .
           By
           
             Ferrand
             Spence
          
           .
           1.
           
           Volume
           .
           2.
           
           Volume
           .
           3.
           
           Volume
           .
        
         
           The
           History
           of
           the
           Bucan●ers
           :
           being
           an
           Impartial
           Relation
           of
           all
           the
           Battels
           ,
           Sieges
           ,
           and
           other
           most
           Eminent
           Assaults
           committed
           for
           several
           years
           upon
           the
           Coasts
           of
           the
           Westindies
           by
           the
           Pirates
           of
           Jamaica
           and
           Tortuga
           ,
           both
           English
           ,
           and
           other
           Nations
           .
           More
           especially
           the
           Unparallel'd
           Atchievments
           of
           Sir
           
             H.
             M.
          
           Made
           English
           from
           the
           Dutch
           Copy
           :
           Written
           by
           
             J.
             Esquemeling
          
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Bucaniers
           ,
           very
           much
           Corrected
           from
           the
           Errours
           of
           the
           Original
           ,
           by
           the
           Relations
           of
           some
           English
           Gentlemen
           ,
           that
           then
           resides
           in
           those
           Parts
           .
        
         
           
             Scanderbeg
             Redivivus
          
           .
           An
           Historical
           Account
           of
           the
           Life
           and
           Actions
           of
           the
           most
           Victorious
           Prince
           John
           the
           III.
           King
           of
           Poland
           :
           Containing
           an
           Exact
           and
           Succinct
           Series
           of
           Affairs
           from
           his
           Cradle
           ,
           to
           this
           present
           day
           ;
           With
           a
           particular
           Account
           of
           the
           many
           Great
           and
           Signal
           Victories
           obtained
           by
           Him
           against
           the
           Turks
           ,
           from
           the
           time
           he
           was
           first
           made
           Crown-General
           ,
           
           and
           afterwards
           Elected
           King
           of
           Poland
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Exact
             Englishman
          
           :
           Or
           ,
           the
           compleat
           
             London
             Scholler
          
           ,
           A
           new
           Spelling
           Book
           .
           Beginning
           with
           a
           Choice
           and
           Methodical
           Collection
           of
           all
           Monosyllable
           ,
           or
           Words
           of
           one
           Syllable
           ,
           (
           turned
           into
           
             English
             Metre
          
           ;
           )
           And
           Proceeding
           to
           those
           of
           two
           ,
           three
           or
           more
           Syllables
           ,
           digested
           into
           an
           Order
           and
           Method
           never
           before
           extant
           .
           With
           Graces
           and
           Prayers
           .
           Useful
           not
           only
           for
           
           English-Schoolmasters
           in
           teaching
           Children
           to
           Spell
           and
           Read
           ,
           but
           may
           be
           servicable
           to
           the
           Elder
           Learners
           ,
           and
           to
           Strangers
           ,
           as
           a
           Repertory
           or
           Treasury
           of
           English
           Words
           to
           be
           used
           on
           occasion
           .
           By
           
             S.
             N.
          
           Schoolmaster
           in
           London
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Parliament
             of
             Women
          
           :
           Or
           ,
           A
           Compleat
           History
           of
           the
           Proceedings
           and
           Debates
           ,
           of
           a
           particular
           Junto
           ,
           of
           Ladies
           and
           Gentlewomen
           ,
           With
           a
           design
           to
           alter
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           World.
           
             By
             way
             of
             Satyr
          
           .
        
         
           Pandaemonium
           :
           Or
           ,
           The
           Devil's
           Cloyster
           .
           Being
           a
           further
           blow
           to
           Modern
           Sadduceism
           ,
           proving
           the
           Existence
           of
           Witches
           and
           Spirits
           .
           In
           a
           discourse
           deduced
           from
           the
           fall
           of
           the
           Angels
           ,
           the
           Propogation
           of
           Satans
           Kingdom
           before
           the
           Flood
           :
           The
           Idolatry
           of
           the
           Ages
           after
           ,
           greatly
           
           advancing
           Diabolical
           Confederacies
           ,
           With
           an
           Account
           of
           the
           Lives
           and
           Transactions
           of
           several
           Notorious
           Witches
           ,
           some
           whereof
           have
           been
           Popes
           :
           Also
           a
           Collection
           of
           several
           Authentick
           Relations
           of
           Strange
           Apparitions
           of
           Daemons
           and
           Specters
           ,
           and
           Fascinations
           of
           Witches
           ,
           never
           before
           Printed
           .
           By
           
             Richard
             Bovet
          
           Gent.
           
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
         
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A26656-e3980
           
             
               Pect
               .
               Boet.
               Ralph
            
             l.
             306.
             
          
           
             *
             Dion
             .