The poetical histories being a compleat collection of all the stories necessary for a perfect understanding of the Greek and Latine poets and other ancient authors / written originally in French, by the learned Jesuite, P. Galtruchius ; now Englisht and enricht with observations concerning the gods worshipped by our ancestors in this island, by the Phœnicians, and Syrians in Asia ... ; unto which are added two treatises, one of the curiosities of old Rome, and of the difficult names relating to the affairs of that city, the other containing the most remarkable hieroglyphicks of Ægypt, by Marius d'Assigny ...
         Histoire poétique pour l'intelligence des poéts. English
         Gautruche, Pierre, 1602-1681.
      
       
         
           1671
        
      
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             The poetical histories being a compleat collection of all the stories necessary for a perfect understanding of the Greek and Latine poets and other ancient authors / written originally in French, by the learned Jesuite, P. Galtruchius ; now Englisht and enricht with observations concerning the gods worshipped by our ancestors in this island, by the Phœnicians, and Syrians in Asia ... ; unto which are added two treatises, one of the curiosities of old Rome, and of the difficult names relating to the affairs of that city, the other containing the most remarkable hieroglyphicks of Ægypt, by Marius d'Assigny ...
             Histoire poétique pour l'intelligence des poéts. English
             Gautruche, Pierre, 1602-1681.
             D'Assigny, Marius, 1643-1717.
          
           [23], 285 [i.e. 279], [2], 200 [i.e. 188], [22] p.
           
             Printed by B.G. and are to be sold by Moses Pitt ...,
             London :
             1671.
          
           
             Translation of: Histoire poétique pour l'intelligence des poétes.
             Book 2 has special t.p. with title: The second book of the history of the heathen gods. London : Printed by S.G. and B.G. for M. Pitts, 1671.
             With errata leaf [2] p. at beginning of second pagination and p. [21]-[22].
             Advertisements on p. [20]-[23] at beginning and p. [2] at end.
             Reproduction of original in Newberry Library.
             Errors in pagination.
             Includes index and bibliographical references.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Mythology, Classical.
           Rome -- Antiquities.
        
      
    
     
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               The
               POETICAL
               HISTORIES
               BEING
               A
               COMPLEAT
               COLLECTION
               Of
               all
               the
               STORIES
               necessary
               for
               a
               Perfect
               understanding
               of
               the
               Greek
               and
               Latine
               Poets
               and
               other
               Ancient
               Authors
               written
               Originally
               in
               French
               ,
               by
               the
               Learned
               Jesuite
               .
               P.
               GALTRVCHIVS
               .
            
             
               Now
               Englisht
               and
               enricht
               with
               Observations
               concerning
               the
               Gods
               worshipped
               by
               our
               Ancestors
               in
               this
               Island
               by
               the
               Phoenicians
               ,
               and
               Syrians
               in
               Asia
               with
               many
               useful
               Notes
               and
               Occasional
               Proverbs
               gathered
               out
               of
               the
               best
               Authors
               .
            
             
               Unto
               which
               are
               added
               Two
               TREATISES
               .
               One
               of
               the
               Curiosities
               of
               Old
               ROME
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               difficult
               Names
               relating
               to
               the
               affairs
               of
               that
               City
               .
               The
               Other
               containing
               the
               most
               remarkable
               Hieroglyphicks
               of
               AEGYPT
               .
            
             
               By
               
                 MARIVS
                 D'ASSIGNY
              
               ,
               B.
               D.
               
            
             
               London
               ,
               Printed
               by
               
                 B.
                 G.
              
               and
               are
               to
               be
               sold
               by
               
                 Moses
                 Pitt
              
               ,
               at
               the
               White-hart
               in
               Little-Britain
               ,
               1671.
               
            
          
           
             
             
             
               
                 TO
                 THE
                 Right
                 Honourable
                 Sir
              
               ORLANDO
               BRIDGMAN
               ,
               Lord
               Keeper
               of
               the
               Great
               Seal
               of
               England
               ,
               and
               one
               of
               his
               Majesties
               most
               Honourable
               Privy
               Council
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             
               
                 My
                 Lord
                 ,
              
            
             
               IF
               the
               value
               of
               Offerings
               were
               alwayes
               to
               be
               equal
               to
               the
               Grandeur
               of
               the
               Persons
               unto
               whom
               they
               are
               presented
               ,
               I
               should
               not
               dare
               to
               make
               this
               bold
               addresse
               .
               But
               the
               greatness
               of
               my
               Devotion
               that
               hath
               no
               other
               way
               to
               manifest
               it self
               at
               present
               ,
               will
               ,
               I
               hope
               ,
               make
               amends
               for
               the
               meanness
               of
               this
               ,
               and
               perswade
               your
               Honour
               to
               condescend
               to
               the
               acceptance
               of
               this
               poor
               expression
               of
               my
               respects
               .
            
             
               I
               am
               encouraged
               to
               this
               presumption
               ,
               
               not
               onely
               by
               your
               Lordships
               eminent
               quality
               ,
               under
               whose
               protection
               ,
               these
               Treatises
               will
               receive
               many
               advantages
               ,
               but
               also
               by
               your
               Lordships
               favour
               to
               ,
               and
               acquaintance
               with
               learning
               ,
               whereby
               you
               have
               been
               enabled
               for
               one
               of
               the
               noblest
               employments
               of
               State
               in
               which
               your
               Honour
               doth
               act
               with
               the
               Universal
               applanse
               of
               the
               whole
               Nation
               .
               May
               your
               Lordships
               unwearied
               diligence
               ,
               your
               approved
               Fidelity
               ,
               and
               uncorrupted
               Justice
               in
               the
               mannagement
               of
               the
               publick
               affairs
               maintain
               you
               alwayes
               above
               the
               reach
               of
               unconstancy
               and
               of
               envy
               .
               If
               these
               Treatises
               may
               be
               so
               happy
               ,
               as
               to
               give
               unto
               your
               Lordship
               some
               satisfaction
               and
               recreation
               in
               the
               perusal
               of
               them
               ,
               I
               shall
               attain
               unto
               the
               advantage
               ,
               which
               is
               chiefly
               aimed
               at
               by
               this
               Dedication
               of
            
             
               
                 Your
                 Lordships
                 ,
                 
                 Most
                 Humble
                 ,
                 most
                 obedient
                 
                 and
                 Faithful
                 Servant
                 
                 Marius
                 D'
                 Assigny
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             
               THE
               CONTENTS
            
             
               
                 The
                 First
                 Book
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 History
                 of
                 the
                 Heathen
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 
                   Chap.
                   1.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Saturn
                  
                   1
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Cybele
                  
                   6
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   3.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Jupiter
                  
                   .
                   10
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     4.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Juno
                   and
                   of
                   her
                   Children
                   .
                   16
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     5.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Sun.
                   25
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   6.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Diana
                  
                   .
                   37
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   7.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Bacchus
                  
                   .
                   42
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   8.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Mercurius
                  
                   .
                   48
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   9.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Venus
                  
                   .
                   52
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     10.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Aurora
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   such
                   like
                   Divinities
                   55
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     11.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Neptunus
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   Divinities
                   59
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     12.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Divinities
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   .
                   68
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     13.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Infernal
                   Gods.
                   71
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     14.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   some
                   other
                   Divinities
                   81
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     15.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Gods
                   mentioned
                   in
                   holy
                   Writ
                   and
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   were
                   adored
                   in
                   Phoenicia
                   ,
                   Syria
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   Adjoyning
                   Countries
                   .
                   93
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     16.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Gods
                   worshipped
                   in
                   England
                   .
                   114
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 Second
                 Book
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 History
                 of
                 the
                 Heathen
                 Demi-Gods
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Preface
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   1.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Perseus
                  
                   .
                   12●
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   2.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Hercules
                  
                   .
                   128
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   3.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Theseus
                  
                   .
                   143
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     4.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   .
                   150
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   5.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Orpheus
                     ▪
                  
                   154
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     6.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Jason
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Argonauts
                   .
                   180
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     7.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Cadmus
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   .
                   168
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   8.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Oedipus
                  
                   172
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     9.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   War
                   against
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   .
                   177
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     10.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Antigone
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   some
                   passages
                   that
                   happened
                   after
                   the
                   war
                   of
                   Thebs
                   .
                   187
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     11.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Tantalus
                   and
                   of
                   Pelops
                   his
                   Son.
                   190
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     12.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Atreus
                   and
                   of
                   Thyestes
                   .
                   196
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     13.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Kings
                   of
                   Troy.
                   199
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   14.
                   
                   
                     Of
                     Paris
                  
                   .
                   202
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     15.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   preparations
                   of
                   the
                   Greeks
                   against
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy.
                   207
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     16.
                  
                   
                   The
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy.
                   213
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     17.
                  
                   
                   The
                   Ruin
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy.
                   224
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     18.
                  
                   
                   The
                   Adventures
                   of
                   Agamemnon
                   and
                   of
                   Orestes
                   his
                   Son
                   after
                   the
                   ●ine
                   of
                   Troy.
                   237
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     19.
                  
                   
                   The
                   adventures
                   of
                   Vlysses
                   after
                   
                   the
                   War
                   of
                   Troy.
                   242
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     20.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Adventures
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   .
                   250
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     21.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   several
                   other
                   Famous
                   men
                   frequently
                   named
                   in
                   the
                   Heathen
                   〈◊〉
                   and
                   not
                   mentioned
                   by
                   Galtr●chius
                   .
                   ●59
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     22.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Gods
                   ,
                   who
                   〈◊〉
                   proper
                   to
                   several
                   places
                   and
                   〈◊〉
                   in
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   been
                   Men.
                   267
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     23.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   a
                   few
                   famous
                   women
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   .
                   274
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     24.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Truth
                   of
                   the
                   Fable
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   opinion
                   of
                   Galtruchius
                   .
                   278
                
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Third
                 Book
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Honours
                 paid
                 by
                 the
                 Heathens
                 unto
                 their
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Preface
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Chap
                     ,
                     1.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Statues
                   consecrated
                   to
                   the
                   False
                   Gods
                   1
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     2.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Edifices
                   and
                   Temples
                   dedicated
                   to
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Gods.
                   11
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     3.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Sacrifices
                   offered
                   to
                   the
                   Id●l
                   Gods.
                   19
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     4.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Priests
                   of
                   the
                   False
                   Gods.
                   28
                
                 
                   Chap.
                   5.
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Festival
                   dayes
                   appointed
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   the
                   false
                   Gods.
                   34
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     6.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Playes
                   of
                   Greece
                   appointed
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   the
                   False
                   Gods
                   42
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     7.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   publick
                   Pastimes
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   48
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Curiosities
                 .
              
               
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     1.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   City
                   and
                   People
                   of
                   Rome
                   .
                   63
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     2.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Marriages
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   .
                   68
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     3.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   devorcing
                   the
                   Roman
                   Wives
                   .
                   73
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     4.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Funerals
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   .
                   75
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     5.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Apparel
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   .
                   79
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     6.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Customes
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   in
                   eating
                   .
                   87
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     7.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Roman
                   Assemblies
                   appointed
                   for
                   publick
                   affairs
                   .
                   93
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     8.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Roman
                   Magistrates
                   ,
                   99
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     9.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Roman
                   Lawes
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   many
                   particulars
                   relating
                   to
                   their
                   Judicatory
                   proceedings
                   .
                   122
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     10.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Roman
                   punishments
                   inflicted
                   upon
                   Offenders
                   .
                   128
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     11.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   Roman
                   Militia
                   133
                
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Egyptian
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 .
              
               
                 
                   The
                   Preface
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     1.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   God
                   and
                   of
                   his
                   Works
                   .
                   153
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     2.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   Man
                   and
                   of
                   things
                   relating
                   to
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     3.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   several
                   kind
                   of
                   Hieroglyphicks
                   drawn
                   from
                   the
                   disposition
                   of
                   Living
                   Creatures
                   .
                   190
                
                 
                   
                     Chap.
                     4.
                  
                   
                   Of
                   some
                   few
                   notable
                   Observations
                   of
                   several
                   places
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   and
                   of
                   animals
                   .
                   198
                
              
            
          
           
             
             
               THE
               PREFACE
               TO
               THE
               Judicious
               READER
               .
            
             
               I
               Intend
               not
               to
               make
               any
               Apology
               for
               this
               Book
               :
               If
               it
               cannot
               justifie
               it self
               from
               the
               idle
               aspersions
               of
               its
               enemies
               .
               I
               shall
               freely
               consent
               that
               it
               may
               undergo
               their
               Censures
               ;
               neither
               do
               I
               intend
               to
               court
               my
               Reader
               ,
               nor
               persuade
               him
               to
               the
               perusal
               of
               it
               .
               I
               shall
               only
               say
               this
               ,
               that
               what
               others
               have
               imperfectly
               mentioned
               in
               several
               Treatises
               ,
               and
               much
               more
               ,
               is
               here
               in
               this
               one
               Volume
               briefly
               comprehended
               without
               much
               Interpretation
               I
               
               confess
               ,
               for
               I
               look
               upon
               such
               Expositions
               as
               have
               been
               already
               given
               to
               the
               Fables
               of
               the
               Heathen
               Gods
               ,
               as
               the
               silly
               productions
               and
               groundless
               fancies
               of
               Religious
               Minds
               ,
               who
               have
               laboured
               to
               find
               in
               the
               ignorance
               of
               Paganism
               ,
               the
               knowledges
               of
               the
               Gospel
               .
               In
               the
               contrivances
               and
               inspirations
               of
               the
               Devil
               ,
               the
               sublimest
               Mysteries
               of
               Christianity
               .
               Such
               Interpreters
               of
               the
               Poets
               ,
               are
               near
               related
               to
               that
               wise
               Expositor
               of
               the
               Revelations
               ,
               who
               would
               needs
               declare
               the
               meaning
               of
               the
               Visions
               of
               S.
               John
               ,
               by
               certain
               Characters
               found
               upon
               the
               back
               of
               some
               Fishes
               taken
               near
               the
               Northern
               Pole.
               The
               wit
               of
               Man
               may
               stretch
               out
               a
               comparison
               between
               Light
               and
               Darkness
               ,
               between
               Virtue
               and
               Vice
               ,
               between
               Christianity
               and
               Gentilism
               ;
               But
               I
               see
               no
               reason
               to
               believe
               that
               the
               latter
               was
               a
               favourer
               of
               the
               former
               .
               The
               Devils
               ,
               who
               were
               the
               first
               promoters
               of
               Poetical
               Inventions
               ,
               had
               mistaken
               their
               Interest
               ;
               If
               ,
               they
               ha●
               taught
               their
               Worshippers
               the
               Redemption
               of
               Man
               by
               Christ
               ,
               and
               entertained
               them
               in
               an
               expectation
               of
               a
               Messias
               to
               come
               .
               Some
               wise
               Heathens
               ashamed
               of
               their
               Religion
               ,
               have
               endeavoured
               to
               Allegoris●
               
               upon
               all
               the
               Fables
               ,
               and
               cover
               the
               impudent
               stories
               with
               a
               virtuous
               gloss
               ,
               as
               Averroes
               that
               Mahumetan
               Philosopher
               hath
               done
               with
               the
               Alcoran
               of
               his
               Prophet
               for
               the
               same
               cause
               .
               The
               Grand
               design
               of
               Satan
               the
               enemy
               of
               Man-kind
               ,
               was
               ,
               to
               oppose
               Gods
               Promises
               of
               Salvation
               ,
               and
               to
               settle
               his
               Interest
               amongst
               men
               ,
               by
               possessing
               them
               with
               Stories
               ,
               and
               a
               Belief
               contrary
               to
               the
               Gospel
               of
               Christ
               ,
               and
               by
               promoting
               such
               Practices
               as
               might
               engage
               Men
               in
               his
               service
               ,
               and
               cause
               them
               to
               abhor
               the
               sanctity
               and
               purity
               of
               Christianity
               .
               And
               if
               these
               Fables
               have
               any
               thing
               of
               reality
               and
               truth
               ,
               They
               discover
               more
               of
               the
               estate
               of
               the
               Devils
               amongst
               themselves
               ,
               than
               the
               wonders
               of
               Nature
               ;
               for
               we
               are
               informed
               from
               the
               Learned
               Heathens
               ,
               that
               they
               did
               worship
               the
               Devils
               .
               Porphyrius
               acknowledgeth
               it
               ,
               and
               laments
               ,
               because
               ,
               since
               the
               Preaching
               of
               the
               Gospel
               Men
               could
               not
               have
               so
               much
               familiarity
               with
               them
               ,
               nor
               receive
               from
               them
               Instructions
               ,
               as
               before
               .
               Plato
               ,
               and
               his
               disciples
               d●
               call
               the
               Heathen
               Gods
               ,
               Jupiter
               ,
               &
               the
               rest
               ,
               Daemones
               .
               Besides
               others
               divide
               them
               into
               3
               Orders
               :
               The
               highest
               is
               above
               all
               Elemental
               substances
               ,
               with
               which
               their
               
               Beings
               have
               not
               the
               least
               relation
               ;
               The
               second
               are
               appointed
               for
               the
               ruling
               and
               rouling
               of
               the
               Celestial
               Globes
               ;
               The
               third
               are
               scattered
               amongst
               the
               Elements
               according
               
               to
               the
               Doctrine
               of
               the
               Heathen
               Philosophers
               .
               Jupiter
               himself
               was
               named
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               as
               Lactantius
               tells
               us
               out
               of
               the
               Pagan
               Writers
               ;
               and
               Beelzebub
               ,
               stiled
               in
               Scripture
               
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 the
                 Devils
              
               ,
               is
               said
               to
               be
               Jupiter
               by
               the
               Heathens
               ;
               for
               Jupiter
               is
               called
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               Muscarius
               ,
               or
               the
               driver
               away
               of
               Flies
               ,
               and
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               and
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               the
               killer
               of
               Flies
               ;
               Because
               the
               Flies
               are
               Creatures
               formed
               by
               his
               immediate
               Agencie
               ,
               or
               because
               the
               Sun
               ,
               by
               whose
               heat
               also
               such
               Beings
               are
               produced
               ,
               seem
               to
               have
               been
               committed
               before
               the
               apostacyof
               the
               Angels
               ,
               to
               the
               power
               of
               him
               that
               is
               now
               the
               chief
               of
               the
               Devils
               ;
               for
               that
               cause
               he
               is
               so
               often
               named
               
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 Mithra
                 ,
                 Osiris
                 ,
                 Tharamis
                 ,
              
               &c.
               and
               the
               Epithetes
               proper
               to
               the
               Sun
               ,
               are
               ascribed
               to
               Jupit.
               as
               
                 Fulminator
                 ▪
              
               for
               by
               the
               Virtue
               and
               Influence
               of
               the
               Sun
               ,
               the
               Thunders
               ,
               and
               all
               other
               Meteors
               ,
               are
               formed
               in
               the
               second
               Region
               of
               the
               Air.
               Diespiter
               ,
               the
               Father
               of
               the
               Day
               .
               Lucetius
               ,
               because
               the
               Sun
               is
               the
               author
               of
               
               Light
               ,
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               or
               
                 Lucifer
                 ,
                 Aethreus
                 ,
                 Panomphaeus
              
               ,
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               
                 Aristaeus
                 ,
                 Aratrius
              
               ,
               
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               and
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               because
               the
               Sun
               is
               the
               Universal
               Cause
               of
               Life
               ,
               and
               of
               Motion
               .
               These
               Epithetes
               attributed
               to
               Jupiter
               ,
               have
               a
               relation
               to
               
               the
               Sun
               ;
               therefore
               we
               may
               conclude
               from
               thence
               ,
               that
               Jupiter
               and
               the
               Sun
               ,
               or
               the
               Princes
               of
               the
               Devils
               ,
               are
               the
               same
               in
               
               the
               Theology
               of
               the
               Heathens
               .
               The
               rest
               of
               the
               Gods
               or
               Devils
               ,
               associates
               of
               Beelzebub
               ,
               and
               subject
               to
               his
               power
               ,
               do
               also
               bear
               the
               names
               of
               the
               most
               Glorious
               Stars
               
               of
               the
               Firmament
               .
               They
               did
               usurp
               these
               names
               as
               some
               do
               imagine
               ,
               because
               in
               the
               time
               of
               their
               Integrity
               ,
               they
               had
               been
               the
               moving
               Angels
               of
               these
               great
               Bodies
               of
               Light
               ;
               or
               because
               they
               were
               persuaded
               by
               that
               means
               to
               oblige
               the
               Men
               of
               the
               World
               to
               their
               Worship
               and
               Service
               .
               The
               Host
               of
               Heaven
               is
               called
               in
               Holy
               Writ
               ,
               
               and
               by
               the
               70.
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               which
               Suidas
               understands
               to
               be
               a
               number
               of
               Stars
               in
               the
               Zodiack
               .
               Now
               the
               learned
               Rabins
               ,
               who
               have
               searcht
               most
               into
               the
               nature
               and
               manner
               of
               the
               living
               of
               the
               Spiritual
               Beings
               ,
               do
               inform
               us
               ,
               that
               there
               is
               an
               order
               of
               Angels
               called
               Mazouroth
               ,
               the
               lowest
               
               order
               ,
               or
               that
               which
               is
               degenerated
               into
               Devils
               .
               It
               seems
               that
               they
               did
               yet
               bear
               the
               name
               of
               the
               places
               from
               whence
               they
               are
               shamefully
               fallen
               ,
               and
               do
               make
               use
               of
               the
               blessed
               Influences
               and
               universal
               credit
               of
               the
               most
               beneficial
               Stars
               ,
               to
               procure
               to
               themselves
               the
               Homages
               of
               mortal
               beings
               .
            
             
               That
               the
               Gods
               of
               the
               Heathens
               were
               the
               Devils
               ,
               or
               Apostate
               Angels
               ,
               may
               also
               appear
               from
               the
               express
               words
               of
               Scripture
               .
               The
               Heathens
               are
               said
               to
               have
               worshipped
               the
               Devils
               in
               many
               places
               ,
               
                 Deut.
                 32.
                 17.
              
               
               They
               Sacrificed
               unto
               Devils
               .
               
                 1
                 Cor.
                 10.
                 20.
              
               
               The
               things
               which
               the
               Gentiles
               Sacrifice
               ;
               they
               Sacrifice
               to
               Devils
               ,
               and
               not
               unto
               God.
               
                 Psal
                 .
                 106.
                 37.
              
               
               It
               is
               said
               that
               the
               Israelites
               did
               offer
               their
               Children
               unto
               Devils
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               65.
               of
               
                 Isaias
                 11.
                 ver
              
               .
               there
               is
               ,
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               
               preparing
               a
               Table
               for
               Jupiter
               ,
               or
               for
               
                 Gad
                 ,
                 Jupiter
              
               and
               Gad
               were
               the
               same
               .
               This
               passage
               is
               rendred
               thus
               by
               the
               Seventy
               Interpreters
               ,
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               where
               you
               see
               that
               Jupiter
               ,
               and
               the
               Star
               Gad
               worshipped
               ,
               as
               the
               chief
               God
               of
               that
               place
               ,
               are
               expresly
               called
               the
               Devil
               .
               He
               was
               also
               adored
               
               in
               the
               shape
               of
               a
               Goat
               .
               The
               Aegyptians
               
               did
               represent
               the
               Sun
               in
               their
               Hieroglyphicks
               as
               a
               Goat
               ;
               from
               hence
               it
               is
               
               that
               they
               did
               pay
               so
               much
               respect
               to
               the
               Image
               of
               this
               Animal
               .
               Of
               this
               kind
               of
               Worship
               Moses
               speaks
               ,
               
                 Leviticus
                 17.
                 7.
                 
                 They
                 shall
                 no
                 more
                 offer
                 their
                 Sacrifices
                 unto
                 Devils
                 .
              
               In
               Hebrew
               ,
               there
               is
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               Goats
               .
               It
               seems
               that
               this
               worshiping
               of
               the
               Sun
               in
               the
               form
               of
               a
               Goat
               ,
               was
               the
               worshiping
               of
               the
               great
               Devil
               .
               It
               was
               his
               custom
               to
               advance
               his
               Interest
               ,
               and
               persuade
               the
               Nations
               to
               adore
               him
               instead
               of
               God
               ,
               by
               causing
               the
               names
               and
               the
               Beings
               most
               in
               favour
               with
               the
               People
               to
               be
               cryed
               up
               and
               worshiped
               .
               In
               all
               the
               Eastern
               Nations
               ,
               he
               bears
               several
               different
               Titles
               :
               In
               Rome
               he
               was
               called
               Jupiter
               ,
               in
               Graecia
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               in
               
                 Persia
                 ,
                 Mithra
              
               ;
               in
               
                 Phoenicia
                 ,
                 Baal
              
               ;
               in
               
                 Syria
                 ,
                 Heliogabalus
              
               ;
               in
               
                 England
                 ,
                 Thor
              
               ,
               or
               Belenus
               ;
               in
               Egypt
               ,
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               as
               Plato
               saith
               ;
               or
               Apis
               and
               Osiris
               ;
               in
               
                 India
                 Topan
              
               ;
               in
               
                 Arabia
                 ,
                 Dyonusos
              
               ;
               in
               
                 Scythia
                 ,
                 Mars
              
               ;
               in
               
                 Moab
                 ,
                 Chemos
              
               .
               We
               must
               take
               notice
               of
               this
               particular
               ,
               otherwise
               we
               shall
               find
               our selves
               intangled
               in
               the
               ordinary
               confusion
               of
               Names
               of
               Gods
               ,
               
               
               which
               appear
               in
               the
               Mythologists
               ,
               and
               shall
               not
               be
               able
               to
               discover
               any
               sence
               .
               We
               are
               therefore
               by
               the
               chief
               God
               ,
               worshiped
               in
               every
               place
               ,
               to
               understand
               the
               Chief
               &
               Prince
               of
               the
               Apostate
               Angels
               .
               He
               did
               suffer
               his
               fellow
               Devils
               to
               share
               with
               him
               in
               the
               respects
               of
               the
               nations
               ,
               but
               they
               were
               not
               so
               universally
               adored
               ,
               because
               their
               power
               and
               inspection
               was
               not
               so
               universal
               as
               his
               ;
               Therefore
               the
               Scripture
               puts
               a
               notable
               difference
               between
               the
               Gods
               of
               the
               several
               Nations
               of
               the
               East
               .
               In
               every
               place
               of
               the
               world
               these
               evil
               Spirits
               had
               usurped
               Gods
               Rights
               ,
               and
               the
               Peoples
               Devotions
               ,
               and
               had
               drawn
               them
               to
               Sacrifice
               unto
               them
               ,
               Creatures
               and
               humane
               victims
               .
               According
               to
               this
               opinion
               ,
               therefore
               we
               are
               to
               look
               upon
               many
               of
               the
               Fables
               of
               the
               Gods
               ,
               as
               mysterious
               discoveries
               of
               the
               Estate
               of
               the
               Devils
               amongst
               themselves
               ,
               when
               they
               speak
               of
               Marriages
               and
               Alliances
               between
               them
               ,
               they
               do
               then
               shew
               unto
               us
               some
               real
               Truths
               ,
               with
               a
               condescention
               to
               our
               weak
               Capacities
               ,
               and
               to
               our
               manner
               of
               expression
               .
               I
               will
               not
               venture
               to
               particularise
               any
               of
               these
               Mysteries
               ,
               nor
               offer
               to
               interpret
               things
               ,
               of
               which
               we
               have
               but
               strong
               conjectures
               and
               
               a
               probable
               opinion
               .
               I
               shall
               only
               say
               that
               the
               Dispositions
               of
               these
               several
               Devils
               ,
               are
               clearly
               manifest
               in
               their
               manner
               of
               Worship
               ,
               in
               the
               Sacrifices
               that
               they
               did
               require
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               things
               ascribed
               to
               their
               tuition
               .
               Jupiter
               ,
               the
               Emperor
               of
               Heaven
               is
               the
               chief
               ,
               and
               the
               most
               powerful
               
               of
               all
               the
               Devils
               ,
               stiled
               in
               holy
               Writ
               
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 the
                 Air
              
               ;
               and
               by
               the
               Poets
               he
               is
               called
               Olympius
               ,
               because
               he
               delights
               in
               the
               highest
               places
               .
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               because
               he
               hath
               so
               many
               Legions
               of
               wicked
               Angels
               at
               his
               command
               .
               Martius
               ,
               because
               he
               did
               encourage
               War
               &
               Blood-shed
               amongst
               Men.
               
                 Hospitalis
                 ,
                 Aristaeus
              
               ,
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               and
               other
               good
               names
               were
               given
               unto
               him
               ,
               to
               signifie
               some
               remains
               of
               Virtue
               and
               Goodness
               which
               are
               yet
               in
               this
               Prince
               of
               Darkness
               .
               Juno
               his
               Wife
               ,
               as
               I
               conceive
               ,
               is
               another
               Devil
               far
               inferior
               in
               power
               and
               authority
               ,
               related
               to
               him
               in
               a
               manner
               proper
               to
               their
               spiritual
               Beings
               ,
               fierce
               and
               cruel
               ,
               an
               encourager
               of
               Pride
               and
               wantoness
               ,
               whereof
               the
               Peacock
               ,
               dedicated
               to
               this
               Goddess
               ,
               was
               an
               Emblem
               .
               Apollo
               seems
               to
               be
               a
               Devil
               excelling
               in
               Beauty
               ,
               Knowledge
               ,
               and
               Wisdom
               ,
               the
               rest
               of
               his
               Comrades
               .
               Neptunus
               ,
               is
               some
               Spirit
               that
               
               delights
               in
               Ship-wracks
               ;
               and
               amongst
               the
               Storms
               and
               Billows
               of
               the
               raging
               Sea
               ,
               therefore
               he
               is
               named
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               the
               Commander
               of
               the
               Sea
               ,
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               Famous
               in
               the
               Sea
               ;
               and
               the
               Epithetes
               proper
               to
               this
               Element
               ,
               are
               ascribed
               to
               him
               ,
               as
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               &c.
               
               Pluto
               is
               some
               infernal
               Fiend
               that
               is
               ashamed
               to
               behold
               the
               Light
               ;
               therefore
               the
               rest
               of
               the
               Devils
               have
               assigned
               unto
               him
               Hell
               ,
               or
               the
               concavities
               of
               the
               Earth
               for
               his
               abode
               .
               Mars
               ,
               the
               God
               of
               War
               ,
               encourageth
               the
               effusion
               of
               Blood.
               This
               intimates
               his
               cruelty
               and
               tyrannical
               disposition
               .
               I
               could
               run
               over
               the
               rest
               of
               the
               Gods
               ,
               worshipped
               by
               the
               Pagans
               ,
               but
               this
               general
               intimation
               may
               sufficiently
               discover
               unto
               the
               judicious
               Reader
               the
               other
               truths
               of
               the
               Fables
               .
            
             
               I
               think
               that
               this
               may
               be
               another
               reason
               of
               the
               frequent
               Relations
               between
               the
               Heathen
               Gods
               that
               are
               all
               allied
               one
               to
               another
               .
               If
               they
               had
               not
               been
               discovered
               unto
               us
               in
               this
               manner
               ,
               the
               Devil
               could
               not
               have
               recommended
               the
               foul
               practice
               of
               those
               Vices
               ;
               which
               are
               described
               in
               their
               stories
               ;
               for
               as
               the
               miscarriages
               of
               our
               lives
               ,
               do
               depend
               upon
               our
               relations
               to
               one
               another
               ,
               or
               to
               God
               our
               Creator
               :
               The
               
               Devil
               could
               not
               have
               proposed
               a
               perfect
               example
               of
               those
               actions
               ,
               nor
               encouraged
               us
               to
               the
               imitation
               of
               them
               ,
               if
               he
               had
               not
               invented
               the
               same
               Relations
               between
               the
               Apostate
               Angels
               ,
               as
               are
               between
               Men.
               Therefore
               these
               stories
               of
               the
               Heathen
               Gods
               ,
               are
               not
               only
               a
               real
               declaration
               of
               certain
               secrets
               concerning
               the
               estate
               of
               the
               evil
               Spirits
               ,
               and
               the
               works
               of
               Nature
               ,
               but
               many
               of
               them
               are
               ingenious
               Fables
               ,
               contrived
               by
               the
               Devil
               ,
               and
               delivered
               to
               the
               Poets
               to
               discredit
               Virtue
               ,
               and
               cause
               Vice
               to
               raign
               with
               authority
               amongst
               Men
               ;
               for
               when
               the
               Divinities
               whom
               they
               did
               worship
               ,
               were
               guilty
               of
               such
               misdemeanors
               ,
               when
               such
               as
               had
               power
               to
               punish
               ,
               were
               the
               grand
               abettors
               and
               protectors
               of
               their
               vicious
               actions
               ,
               they
               could
               neither
               think
               it
               a
               shameful
               nor
               a
               dangerous
               thing
               to
               obey
               their
               suggestions
               ,
               and
               follow
               their
               Examples
               .
               By
               this
               means
               the
               Enemy
               of
               Man-kind
               did
               labour
               to
               destroy
               the
               works
               of
               God
               ,
               and
               to
               deface
               the
               beautiful
               Image
               of
               our
               Creator
               imprinted
               in
               our
               Souls
               ,
               with
               all
               manner
               of
               Vices
               .
               The
               Devils
               did
               admit
               into
               their
               Society
               and
               to
               their
               Divine
               Honors
               many
               brave
               Souls
               when
               they
               were
               departed
               on
               t
               of
               the
               world
               .
            
             
             
               Our
               Learned
               Jesuite
               hath
               here
               given
               an
               account
               of
               these
               Fables
               ,
               with
               the
               ordinary
               interpretation
               in
               some
               places
               where
               they
               relate
               to
               Nature
               ,
               and
               to
               its
               Mysteries
               .
               And
               because
               he
               had
               omitted
               several
               things
               ,
               tending
               to
               the
               understanding
               of
               the
               Poets
               ,
               I
               have
               supplyed
               what
               was
               wanting
               in
               him
               .
            
             
               The
               other
               Treatises
               will
               be
               no
               less
               useful
               to
               the
               same
               purpose
               ;
               for
               several
               Ancient
               Authors
               do
               make
               frequent
               allusions
               to
               the
               
                 Roman
                 Antiquities
              
               ,
               and
               to
               the
               Hieroglyphicks
               of
               Egypt
               .
               Therefore
               ,
               without
               the
               knowledge
               of
               these
               things
               many
               thousand
               passages
               of
               the
               Poets
               and
               Historians
               ,
               are
               as
               obscure
               ,
               as
               unknown
               paths
               to
               the
               blind
               .
            
             
               Some
               of
               these
               things
               have
               been
               already
               collected
               in
               English
               ,
               I
               confess
               ,
               but
               how
               ,
               and
               in
               what
               manner
               ,
               I
               leave
               to
               the
               Readers
               judgement
               .
               In
               this
               Work
               I
               have
               endeavoured
               to
               render
               these
               Poetical
               stories
               ,
               and
               this
               Scholastick
               kinde
               of
               Learning
               ,
               fit
               for
               the
               perusal
               of
               judicious
               men
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               of
               young
               students
               .
               Some
               things
               are
               related
               in
               a
               different
               manner
               according
               to
               different
               Opinions
               of
               the
               best
               Authors
               .
            
             
               
                 Vale.
                 M.
                 D.
                 
              
            
          
           
             
             
               These
               Books
               are
               to
               be
               sold
               by
               
                 Moses
                 Pitt
              
               at
               the
               
                 White
                 Hart
              
               in
               
                 Little
                 Britain
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Folio
                 .
              
               
                 CAssandra
                 ,
                 the
                 fam'd
                 Romance
                 ,
                 1667.
                 
              
               
                 
                 Brigg's
                 Logarithms
                 .
              
               
                 Francisci
                 Suarez
                 Metaphysica
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Quarto
                 .
              
               
                 Dr.
                 John
                 Pell's
                 Introduction
                 to
                 Algebra
                 ,
                 Translated
                 out
                 of
                 High-Dutch
                 into
                 English
                 by
                 
                   Thomas
                   Branker
                
                 ,
                 M.
                 A.
                 Also
                 a
                 Table
                 of
                 odd
                 Numbers
                 less
                 than
                 100000
                 ,
                 shewing
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 Incomposits
                 ,
                 and
                 resolving
                 the
                 rest
                 into
                 their
                 Factors
                 and
                 Coefficients
                 ,
                 1668.
                 
              
               
                 
                   Nich.
                   Mercatoris
                
                 Logarithmo-Technia
                 ,
                 five
                 Methodus
                 construendi
                 Logarithmos
                 ,
                 1668.
                 
              
               
                 
                   Jacobi
                   Gregorii
                
                 Exercitationes
                 Geometricae
                 ,
                 1668.
                 
              
               
                 Dr.
                 
                   John
                   Wallis
                
                 Opera
                 Mechanica
                 ,
                 pars
                 prima
                 &
                 secunda
                 ,
                 1670.
                 
              
               
                 
                   Pars
                   tertia
                
                 ,
                 now
                 in
                 the
                 Press
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Banister's
                 Works
                 of
                 Chyrurgery
                 .
              
               
                 Hugh
                 Broughton's
                 Consent
                 of
                 Scripture
                 .
              
               
                 Snellii
                 
                   
                     Typis
                     Batavus
                     ,
                     
                       Lugd.
                       Bat.
                    
                     1624.
                     
                  
                   
                     Observat
                     .
                     Hussiacae
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   Petrus
                   Paaw
                
                 ,
                 de
                 Ossibus
                 Amstelreod
                 .
                 1633.
                 
              
               
                 A
                 Letter
                 from
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 of
                 the
                 Lord
                 
                 Howard's
                 Retinue
                 ,
                 to
                 his
                 Friend
                 in
                 London
                 .
                 Dated
                 at
                 
                   Fez
                   ,
                   Novemb.
                
                 1669.
                 
                 Wherein
                 he
                 gives
                 a
                 full
                 Relation
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 remarkable
                 Passages
                 in
                 their
                 Voyage
                 thither
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 present
                 State
                 of
                 the
                 Countreys
                 
                 under
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 Taffaletta
                 ,
                 Emperor
                 of
                 Morocco
                 ;
                 With
                 a
                 brief
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 Merchandizing
                 Commodities
                 of
                 Africa
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 Manners
                 &
                 Customs
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 there
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Lex
                   Talionis
                   ,
                   five
                   vindiciae
                   Pharmacopoeorum
                   :
                
                 Or
                 ,
                 A
                 Short
                 Reply
                 to
                 Dr.
                 
                 Merret's
                 Book
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 ,
                 written
                 against
                 the
                 Apothecaries
                 ;
                 wherein
                 may
                 be
                 discovered
                 the
                 Frauds
                 and
                 Abuses
                 committed
                 by
                 Doctors
                 professing
                 and
                 practising
                 Pharmacy
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Octavo
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Discourse
                 of
                 
                   Local
                   Motion
                
                 ,
                 undertaking
                 to
                 Demonstrate
                 the
                 Laws
                 of
                 Motion
                 :
                 and
                 withal
                 to
                 prove
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 seven
                 Rules
                 delivered
                 by
                 Mr.
                 Des-Cartes
                 on
                 this
                 Subject
                 ,
                 he
                 hath
                 mistaken
                 Six
                 :
                 Englished
                 out
                 of
                 French
                 ,
                 1671.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 History
                 of
                 the
                 late
                 Revolution
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 of
                 the
                 Great
                 Mogul
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 most
                 considerable
                 pasiages
                 for
                 five
                 years
                 following
                 in
                 that
                 Empire
                 :
                 To
                 which
                 is
                 added
                 a
                 Letter
                 to
                 the
                 Lord
                 Colbert
                 ,
                 touching
                 the
                 extent
                 of
                 Indostan
                 ,
                 the
                 Corculation
                 of
                 the
                 Gold-nd
                 Silver
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 at
                 last
                 swallowed
                 up
                 there
                 :
                 As
                 also
                 the
                 Riches
                 ,
                 Forces
                 ,
                 and
                 Justice
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Principal
                 cause
                 of
                 the
                 decay
                 of
                 the
                 States
                 of
                 Asta
                 ,
                 in
                 Octavo
                 .
                 1671.
                 
              
               
                 Biblia
                 Hebraea
                 ,
                 
                   Josephi
                   Athias
                
                 ,
                 1661.
                 
              
               
                 
                   Gualteri
                   Needham
                
                 ,
                 Disputatio
                 Anatomica
                 de
                 Formato
                 Foetu
                 ,
                 1667.
                 
              
               
                 
                 Buxtorfius's
                 Epitomy
                 of
                 his
                 Hebrew
                 Grammar
                 ,
                 translated
                 into
                 English
                 by
                 
                   John
                   Davis
                
                 ,
                 1658.
                 
              
               
                 Crow
                 ,
                 
                   Scriptores
                   in
                   Scripturam
                
                 :
                 Now
                 in
                 the
                 Press
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Fortunate
                   Fool
                
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Life
                 of
                 the
                 Dr.
                 Cenudo
                 ,
                 1670.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Adventures
                 of
                 Mr.
                 
                   T.
                   S.
                
                 an
                 English
                 Merchant
                 ▪
                 taken
                 Prisoner
                 by
                 the
                 Turks
                 of
                 Argiers
                 ,
                 and
                 carried
                 into
                 the
                 Inland
                 Countreys
                 of
                 Africa
                 ;
                 with
                 a
                 Description
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Argiers
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Towns
                 and
                 Places
                 thereabouts
                 ;
                 As
                 also
                 a
                 Relation
                 
                 of
                 the
                 chief
                 Commodities
                 of
                 the
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Actions
                 and
                 Manners
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 :
                 Whereunto
                 is
                 annexed
                 ,
                 an
                 Observation
                 of
                 the
                 Tide
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 to
                 turn
                 a
                 Ship
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Streights
                   Mouth
                
                 the
                 Wind
                 being
                 Westerly
                 ,
                 1670.
                 
              
               
                 Contemplations
                 on
                 Mortality
                 ,
                 1669.
                 
              
               
                 A
                 Discourse
                 written
                 to
                 a
                 Learned
                 Frier
                 by
                 Mr.
                 
                   Des
                   Fourneilis
                
                 ,
                 shewing
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 System
                 of
                 Mr.
                 
                   Des
                   Cartes
                
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 his
                 Opinion
                 concerning
                 Brutes
                 ,
                 does
                 contain
                 nothing
                 dangerous
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 all
                 that
                 he
                 hath
                 written
                 of
                 both
                 ,
                 seems
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 taken
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 Chapter
                 of
                 Genesis
                 :
                 To
                 which
                 is
                 annexed
                 the
                 System
                 general
                 of
                 the
                 Cartesian
                 Philosophy
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Relation
                 of
                 a
                 Voyage
                 into
                 Mauritania
                 in
                 Africk
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Roland
                   Frejus
                
                 of
                 Marseilles
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 French
                 King's
                 Order
                 ,
                 1666.
                 
                 To
                 
                   Muley
                   Arxid
                
                 King
                 of
                 Taffaletta
                 &c.
                 
                 For
                 the
                 establishment
                 of
                 a
                 Commerce
                 in
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Fez
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 his
                 other
                 Conquests
                 .
                 With
                 a
                 Letter
                 ,
                 In
                 answer
                 to
                 divers
                 curious
                 Questions
                 concerning
                 the
                 Religion
                 ,
                 Manners
                 ,
                 and
                 Customs
                 of
                 his
                 Countreys
                 ;
                 Also
                 their
                 Trading
                 to
                 Tombutum
                 for
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 other
                 particulars
                 ;
                 By
                 one
                 who
                 lived
                 five
                 and
                 twenty
                 years
                 in
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Sus
                 and
                 Morocco
                 .
                 Printed
                 at
                 Park
                 .
                 1670.
                 
                 Englished
                 ,
                 1671.
                 
                 Octavo
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Genuine
                 Explication
                 of
                 the
                 Visions
                 of
                 the
                 Book
                 of
                 Revelation
                 ,
                 full
                 of
                 new
                 Christian
                 Considerations
                 ;
                 Wherein
                 true
                 and
                 false
                 Christendom
                 is
                 briefly
                 and
                 nakedly
                 represented
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Time
                 of
                 each
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 after
                 a
                 Mathematical
                 manner
                 ,
                 demonstrated
                 ;
                 and
                 all
                 confronted
                 with
                 good
                 History
                 ;
                 Both
                 shewing
                 the
                 Accomplishment
                 of
                 things
                 past
                 ,
                 and
                 thence
                 ascertaining
                 the
                 Fulfilling
                 of
                 things
                 yet
                 to
                 come
                 .
                 By
                 the
                 Learned
                 and
                 and
                 Pious
                 A.
                 B.
                 Peganus
                 .
                 Englished
                 out
                 of
                 High-Dutch
                 by
                 
                   H.
                   O.
                
                 Now
                 in
                 the
                 Press
                 .
              
               
                 Steno
                 of
                 the
                 Weight
                 and
                 Motions
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 A
                 Philosophical
                 Discourse
                 in
                 Octavo
                 ,
                 now
                 in
                 the
                 Press
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Conquest
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 of
                 China
                 by
                 the
                 Tart●
                 Written
                 by
                 the
                 Vice-Roy
                 of
                 Mexico
                 ;
                 first
                 Printed
                 the
                 Original
                 ,
                 1670.
                 in
                 Octavo
                 .
                 Now
                 in
                 the
                 Press
              
               
                 The
                 Second
                 Volume
                 of
                 the
                 History
                 of
                 the
                 Gre●
                 Mogul
                 ,
                 By
                 
                   F.
                   B●rneire
                
                 .
                 Now
                 in
                 the
                 Press
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
               The
               most
               pleasant
               History
               of
               the
               POETS
               ,
               necessary
               for
               the
               understanding
               of
               the
               Heathen
               Writers
               .
            
             
               
                 BOOK
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Chief
                 Divinities
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 .
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   I.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Story
                   of
                   Saturn
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Poets
                   tell
                   us
                   that
                   Heaven
                   called
                   in
                   Greek
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   the
                   Latins
                   Coelus
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   ancientest
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   :
                   He
                   had
                   two
                   Sons
                   ;
                   the
                   youngest
                   named
                   Saturne
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Time
                   ,
                   who
                   committed
                   an
                   action
                   full
                   of
                   impiety
                   upon
                   his
                   Father
                   ;
                   with
                   his
                   graceless
                   Sythe
                   he
                   cut
                   off
                   his
                   Privy
                   Parts
                   ,
                   and
                   deprived
                   him
                   of
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   Begetting
                   :
                   What
                   he
                   had
                   taken
                   from
                   him
                   he
                   cast
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   where
                   by
                   the
                   continual
                   agitation
                   of
                   the
                   
                   Waves
                   ,
                   it
                   found
                   a
                   favourable
                   Womb
                   amongst
                   the
                   Froth
                   ,
                   for
                   out
                   of
                   this
                   bleeding
                   substance
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Venus
                   was
                   produced
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   do
                   say
                   .
                
                 
                   Titanus
                   was
                   the
                   Elder
                   Brother
                   of
                   Saturnus
                   ,
                   therefore
                   the
                   Kingdome
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   did
                   appertain
                   unto
                   him
                   by
                   right
                   ;
                   but
                   to
                   comply
                   wlth
                   the
                   perswasions
                   of
                   his
                   Mother
                   Vesta
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Cybele
                   his
                   Sister
                   ,
                   he
                   willingly
                   resigned
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   Scepter
                   ,
                   upon
                   this
                   condition
                   ,
                   that
                   Saturn
                   should
                   never
                   suffer
                   any
                   Male
                   Children
                   to
                   live
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   Empire
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   should
                   after
                   his
                   decease
                   return
                   to
                   his
                   Posterity
                   .
                
                 
                   Therefore
                   Saturn
                   was
                   wont
                   to
                   devoure
                   all
                   his
                   Male
                   Children
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   were
                   born
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   Cybele
                   his
                   Wife
                   was
                   happily
                   brought
                   to
                   bed
                   of
                   Twins
                   ,
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   Juno
                   together
                   ,
                   she
                   caused
                   little
                   Jupiter
                   to
                   be
                   conveyed
                   away
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   in
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   the
                   Curetes
                   ,
                   or
                   Corybantes
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   by
                   them
                   brought
                   up
                   ,
                   shewing
                   only
                   Juno
                   to
                   her
                   greedy
                   and
                   cruel
                   Husband
                   :
                   The
                   Corybantes
                   fearing
                   least
                   the
                   Child
                   should
                   be
                   discovered
                   by
                   its
                   crying
                   ,
                   invented
                   a
                   new
                   sport
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   to
                   leap
                   and
                   beat
                   the
                   
                   In
                   their
                   hands
                   they
                   had
                   little
                   brass
                   Bucklers
                   ,
                   with
                   which
                   they
                   did
                   meet
                   and
                   strike
                   at
                   one
                   another
                   in
                   order
                   ;
                   the
                   noise
                   that
                   they
                   made
                   thereby
                   was
                   so
                   great
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   cries
                   of
                   the
                   young
                   Jupiter
                   could
                   never
                   be
                   heard
                   by
                   Saturn
                   .
                   After
                   that
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   several
                   other
                   Children
                   ,
                   
                   Neptune
                   and
                   Pluto
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   also
                   privately
                   nourished
                   by
                   their
                   Mother
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   was
                   once
                   constrained
                   to
                   discover
                   unto
                   her
                   Husband
                   the
                   fruit
                   of
                   her
                   Womb
                   ,
                   she
                   instead
                   of
                   her
                   Child
                   gave
                   into
                   his
                   hands
                   a
                   great
                   stone
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   greedily
                   swallowed
                   in
                   the
                   dark
                   .
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   Titanus
                   was
                   informed
                   how
                   his
                   expectation
                   was
                   frustrated
                   ,
                   and
                   what
                   impediments
                   were
                   likely
                   to
                   be
                   to
                   his
                   lawful
                   Succession
                   ,
                   contrary
                   to
                   the
                   former
                   agreement
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   oath
                   that
                   was
                   given
                   ,
                   he
                   resolved
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   War
                   upon
                   Saturn
                   :
                   When
                   he
                   had
                   vanquished
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   clapt
                   him
                   fast
                   in
                   Prison
                   with
                   his
                   Wife
                   Cybele
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   kept
                   them
                   until
                   Jupiter
                   came
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   sufficient
                   Age
                   to
                   deliver
                   them
                   .
                   But
                   Saturn
                   having
                   learnt
                   by
                   some
                   Oracle
                   that
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   should
                   take
                   from
                   him
                   his
                   Scepter
                   and
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   he
                   resolved
                   to
                   lay
                   snares
                   for
                   his
                   Son
                   Jupiter
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   destroy
                   him
                   .
                   This
                   resolution
                   was
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   his
                   final
                   ruine
                   ;
                   for
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   so
                   much
                   offended
                   at
                   the
                   design
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   revolted
                   from
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   force
                   of
                   Arms
                   cast
                   him
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Empire
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ;
                   from
                   whence
                   he
                   came
                   strait
                   into
                   Italy
                   to
                   hide
                   himself
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   it
                   was
                   called
                   
                     Latium
                     à
                     latendo
                     .
                     Janus
                  
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   this
                   Country
                   received
                   him
                   with
                   all
                   civility
                   and
                   respect
                   :
                   It
                   is
                   said
                   that
                   Saturn
                   brought
                   on
                   earth
                   that
                   Golden
                   Age
                   ,
                   so
                   famous
                   in
                   the
                   Poets
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   ground
                   did
                   yield
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   fruits
                   without
                   labour
                   and
                   manuring
                   ,
                   when
                   Astraea
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   
                   called
                   Justice
                   ,
                   did
                   mannage
                   the
                   affairs
                   of
                   men
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   they
                   did
                   live
                   together
                   in
                   a
                   perfect
                   love
                   and
                   amity
                   .
                   This
                   Janus
                   was
                   enrolled
                   in
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   for
                   the
                   favour
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   unto
                   Saturn
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   wisest
                   Prince
                   of
                   his
                   time
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   knowledge
                   of
                   the
                   time
                   past
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   that
                   which
                   was
                   to
                   come
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   reason
                   you
                   shall
                   find
                   him
                   represented
                   with
                   two
                   Faces
                   .
                   
                     Numa
                     Pompilius
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   built
                   him
                   a
                   Temple
                   which
                   was
                   always
                   open
                   when
                   the
                   Commonwealth
                   had
                   any
                   Wars
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   never
                   shut
                   but
                   in
                   an
                   Universal
                   Peace
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   Poets
                   tell
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   Coelus
                   was
                   the
                   great
                   Grand-father
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   his
                   Wife
                   Vesta
                   brought
                   forth
                   ●
                   multitude
                   of
                   Sons
                   and
                   Daughters
                   ;
                   from
                   Hesiod
                   we
                   are
                   informed
                   of
                   their
                   
                   Names
                   ,
                   
                     Codus
                     ,
                     Japetus
                     ,
                     Thya
                     ,
                     Hyperion
                     ,
                     Rhea
                     ,
                     Themis
                     ,
                     Mnemosyne
                     ,
                     Phoebe
                     ,
                     Tethys
                     ,
                     Saturnus
                     ,
                     Gygas
                     ,
                     Titan
                     ,
                     Brontes
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   m
                   st
                   considerable
                   were
                   Saturnus
                   and
                   Titan
                   ;
                   the
                   latter
                   was
                   the
                   Eldest
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Younger
                   got
                   the
                   Empire
                   ,
                   until
                   he
                   was
                   thrust
                   out
                   of
                   it
                   by
                   his
                   Nephews
                   the
                   
                     Titans
                     :
                     Jupiter
                  
                   did
                   afterwards
                   recover
                   it
                   again
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   help
                   of
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   who
                   swore
                   fidelity
                   to
                   him
                   upon
                   an
                   Altar
                   ,
                   that
                   hath
                   since
                   found
                   a
                   place
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   so
                   happy
                   in
                   this
                   War
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   put
                   all
                   the
                   Titans
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   freed
                   his
                   Parents
                   from
                   their
                   fetters
                   .
                   Now
                   from
                   the
                   corrupt
                   blood
                   of
                   these
                   Titans
                   all
                   the
                   Vipers
                   ,
                   Serpents
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   venomous
                   creatures
                   of
                   the
                   earth
                   are
                   proceeded
                   .
                   :
                   They
                   were
                   esteemed
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   first
                   that
                   made
                   use
                   of
                   Wbeat
                   ,
                   having
                   received
                   directions
                   how
                   to
                   sow
                   it
                   from
                   Ceres
                   in
                   Sicily
                   ;
                   that
                   was
                   therefore
                   called
                   Drepanum
                   ,
                   which
                   signifies
                   a
                   Sickle
                   with
                   which
                   men
                   do
                   reap
                   this
                   sort
                   of
                   Grain
                   ,
                   whereas
                   it
                   was
                   before
                   named
                   Macris
                   ,
                   and
                   Coryca
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Saturnus
                   was
                   a
                   wise
                   Prince
                   ,
                   but
                   unfortunate
                   ,
                   forced
                   to
                   fly
                   from
                   the
                   fury
                   of
                   his
                   Son
                   Jupiter-Belus
                   into
                   Italy
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   taught
                   the
                   Subjects
                   of
                   King
                   Janus
                   a
                   more
                   polite
                   manner
                   of
                   living
                   then
                   they
                   knew
                   before
                   ;
                   for
                   this
                   good
                   office
                   Janus
                   rewarded
                   him
                   with
                   the
                   half
                   of
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   ;
                   
                   he
                   taught
                   them
                   to
                   manure
                   and
                   improve
                   the
                   Soil
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   called
                   Ster●ulius
                   ;
                   his
                   Priests
                   were
                   initiated
                   in
                   Scarlet
                   Robes
                   ;
                   to
                   express
                   their
                   bloody
                   minds
                   ,
                   they
                   performed
                   
                   his
                   Sacrifices
                   with
                   their
                   heads
                   uncovered
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   offer
                   unto
                   this
                   cruel
                   God
                   young
                   Infants
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   inhumanity
                   they
                   were
                   all
                   crucified
                   under
                   
                     Tiberius
                     Caesar
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Saturnus
                   was
                   painted
                   with
                   six
                   wings
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   the
                   swiftness
                   of
                   Time
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   feet
                   of
                   wooll
                   ,
                   in
                   bis
                   hand
                   a
                   Serpent
                   biting
                   its
                   tail
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Sickle
                   and
                   an
                   old
                   garment
                   hanging
                   upon
                   him
                   ;
                   Jupiter
                   his
                   Son
                   served
                   him
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   done
                   formerly
                   his
                   Father
                   Coelus
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   cut
                   off
                   his
                   privy
                   parts
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   mightily
                   honoured
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   and
                   Carthaginians
                   ,
                   the
                   latter
                   did
                   every
                   year
                   offer
                   unto
                   him
                   humane
                   Sacrifices
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   the
                   subject
                   of
                   an
                   Embassy
                   from
                   Rome
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   this
                   City
                   did
                   esteem
                   
                   and
                   honor
                   this
                   God
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   approved
                   not
                   
                   that
                   men
                   should
                   be
                   offered
                   to
                   him
                   :
                   They
                   were
                   afraid
                   to
                   loose
                   him
                   ,
                   therefore
                   they
                   kept
                   his
                   Statue
                   always
                   bound
                   with
                   Iron
                   Chains
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Tyrians
                   did
                   Hercules
                   when
                   their
                   City
                   was
                   besieged
                   by
                   Alexander
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   In
                   December
                   were
                   the
                   festival
                   daies
                   of
                   this
                   inhumane
                   God
                   ,
                   called
                   Saturnalia
                   ,
                   a
                   time
                   dedicated
                   to
                   debauchery
                   and
                   disorder
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Carnaval
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   Popish
                   Dominions
                   ,
                   for
                   then
                   the
                   Servants
                   did
                   take
                   upon
                   them
                   to
                   command
                   their
                   Masters
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Slaves
                   had
                   liberty
                   to
                   be
                   unruly
                   without
                   fear
                   of
                   punishment
                   ,
                   wearing
                   on
                   their
                   heads
                   a
                   Cap
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Badge
                   of
                   Freedom
                   ,
                   while
                   these
                   daies
                   lasted
                   .
                   It
                   was
                   also
                   the
                   cu
                   tom
                   to
                   send
                   Wax
                   Tapers
                   then
                   as
                   expressions
                   of
                   kindness
                   to
                   friends
                   and
                   acquaintances
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   Romans
                   had
                   this
                   particular
                   respect
                   for
                   this
                   God
                   ,
                   they
                   caused
                   Torches
                   and
                   Tapers
                   to
                   be
                   burning
                   continually
                   upon
                   his
                   Altars
                   .
                   There
                   is
                   this
                   also
                   that
                   is
                   remarkable
                   ,
                   
                   the
                   Romans
                   did
                   depose
                   under
                   his
                   protection
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   his
                   Temple
                   ,
                   their
                   Treasury
                   ,
                   because
                   in
                   his
                   time
                   there
                   was
                   no
                   robbery
                   nor
                   theft
                   committed
                   ;
                   besides
                   they
                   laid
                   up
                   here
                   the
                   Rolls
                   of
                   the
                   names
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Rom
                     n
                  
                   people
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   made
                   of
                   the
                   skin
                   of
                   Elephants
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   II.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Story
                   of
                   Cybele
                   .
                
                 
                   Cybele
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Saturn
                   ,
                   had
                   several
                   names
                   ,
                   she
                   was
                   called
                   
                     Dyndimene
                     ,
                     Berecinthyi
                  
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   the
                   Grand-mother
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   because
                   she
                   had
                   brought
                   forth
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   because
                   she
                   was
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   the
                   earth
                   which
                   produceth
                   all
                   things
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   that
                   reason
                   she
                   was
                   called
                   by
                   the
                   Latins
                   Ops
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   the
                   Greeks
                   Rhea
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   was
                   wont
                   to
                   ride
                   in
                   a
                   Chariot
                   drawn
                   by
                   Lyons
                   ;
                   her
                   solemn
                   Festivals
                   ,
                   called
                   Megalesia
                   ,
                   were
                   every
                   fourth
                   moneth
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   the
                   Coryhantes
                   that
                   were
                   her
                   Priests
                   did
                   act
                   the
                   part
                   of
                   Mad-men
                   ,
                   with
                   their
                   Drums
                   ,
                   Trumpets
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   other
                   Instruments
                   .
                   The
                   Gauls
                   that
                   had
                   planted
                   themselves
                   in
                   Phrygia
                   ,
                   did
                   on
                   these
                   daies
                   move
                   themselves
                   so
                   much
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   degrees
                   they
                   became
                   really
                   mad
                   ,
                   striking
                   one
                   another
                   with
                   Swords
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   Weapons
                   ,
                   in
                   wantonness
                   ,
                   but
                   many
                   times
                   they
                   did
                   grievously
                   wound
                   themselves
                   .
                   At
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   sport
                   they
                   did
                   wash
                   their
                   bodies
                   and
                   their
                   wounds
                   in
                   some
                   River
                   dedicated
                   to
                   this
                   Goddess
                   .
                
                 
                   Cybele
                   was
                   also
                   named
                   Vesta
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Poets
                   ,
                   as
                   their
                   manner
                   is
                   ,
                   do
                   vary
                   in
                   this
                   particular
                   ;
                   for
                   sometimes
                   they
                   call
                   Vesta
                   the
                   wife
                   of
                   Saturn
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   his
                   Mother
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   his
                   Sister
                   ,
                   or
                   his
                   Daughter
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   give
                   unto
                   one
                   person
                   divers
                   names
                   which
                   agree
                   with
                   different
                   persons
                   ,
                   they
                   deal
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   with
                   others
                   ,
                   with
                   
                     Jupiter
                     ,
                     Hercules
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   However
                   it
                   is
                   certain
                   that
                   Cybele
                   ,
                   called
                   otherwise
                   Vesta
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Fire
                   ,
                   whom
                   
                     Numa
                     Pompilius
                  
                   ,
                   amongst
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   did
                   adore
                   with
                   strange
                   and
                   wonderful
                   
                   Ceremonies
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   dedicated
                   unto
                   her
                   a
                   Fire
                   which
                   was
                   called
                   Eternal
                   ,
                   because
                   it
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   always
                   continued
                   alive
                   ;
                   he
                   ordained
                   for
                   her
                   Priests
                   ,
                   named
                   
                     Vestal
                     Virgins
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   severely
                   chastised
                   by
                   the
                   High-Priest
                   ,
                   if
                   at
                   any
                   time
                   they
                   suffered
                   the
                   Eternal
                   Fire
                   to
                   go
                   out
                   .
                   In
                   such
                   a
                   case
                   it
                   was
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   lighted
                   again
                   ,
                   but
                   by
                   the
                   Sun
                   beams
                   .
                   These
                   Vestals
                   were
                   chosen
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Noblest
                   Families
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   were
                   to
                   keep
                   their
                   Virginity
                   whiles
                   they
                   remained
                   in
                   the
                   service
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ;
                   when
                   they
                   did
                   otherwise
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   buried
                   in
                   the
                   ground
                   alive
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Cybele
                   the
                   Grandmother
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   is
                   sometimes
                   taken
                   for
                   Fire
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   for
                   the
                   Earth
                   ;
                   She
                   was
                   called
                   
                     Syria
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   was
                   born
                   in
                   Syria
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   represented
                   with
                   Towers
                   upon
                   her
                   head
                   ,
                   sitting
                   in
                   a
                   Chariot
                   drawn
                   with
                   Lyons
                   ;
                   her
                   Priests
                   were
                   called
                   Gallantes
                   ,
                   or
                   Galli
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   chief
                   leader
                   Archigallus
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   
                   were
                   chosen
                   out
                   of
                   Gallo-graecia
                   ,
                   a
                   Province
                   in
                   Asia
                   minor
                   ,
                   joyning
                   to
                   Phrygia
                   :
                   They
                   were
                   noted
                   for
                   their
                   madness
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   did
                   express
                   by
                   their
                   singings
                   ,
                   howlings
                   ,
                   sounding
                   the
                   Trumpets
                   ,
                   and
                   cutting
                   themselves
                   desperately
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   that
                   they
                   met
                   .
                   Of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   we
                   shall
                   speak
                   more
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   twelfth
                   Chapter
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   Goddess
                   Vesta
                   was
                   highly
                   honoured
                   by
                   the
                   Romans
                   ;
                   they
                   did
                   distinguish
                   her
                   from
                   Cybele
                   ,
                   and
                   appoint
                   unto
                   her
                   particular
                   Sacrifices
                   and
                   Tmples
                   ,
                   although
                   the
                   Poets
                   do
                   confound
                   their
                   names
                   ,
                   and
                   take
                   one
                   for
                   the
                   other
                   .
                   She
                   was
                   
                   
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Elemental
                   Fire
                   ,
                   her
                   Temple
                   was
                   round
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   it
                   two
                   Lamps
                   were
                   continually
                   burning
                   .
                   Some
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   innermost
                   part
                   of
                   it
                   a
                   fire
                   suspended
                   in
                   the
                   air
                   in
                   pots
                   of
                   earth
                   ,
                   kept
                   always
                   alive
                   by
                   the
                   
                     Vestal
                     Virgins
                  
                   :
                   When
                   it
                   happened
                   ,
                   by
                   some
                   misfortune
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   extinct
                   ,
                   some
                   fearful
                   accident
                   did
                   immediately
                   follow
                   to
                   the
                   Roman
                   Empire
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   did
                   punish
                   the
                   Virgins
                   ,
                   by
                   whose
                   negligence
                   the
                   fire
                   did
                   go
                   out
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   very
                   cruel
                   manner
                   .
                   This
                   Goddess
                   was
                   named
                   Mater
                   ,
                   Mother
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   had
                   her
                   Statues
                   standing
                   in
                   many
                   Porches
                   ;
                   from
                   hence
                   is
                   derived
                   the
                   word
                   Vestibulum
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   were
                   consecrated
                   to
                   Vesta
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   the
                   chief
                   of
                   the
                   houshold
                   Goddesses
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   it
                   was
                   that
                   the
                   Romans
                   did
                   feast
                   themselves
                   ;
                   her
                   Temple
                   was
                   magnificent
                   ,
                   in
                   it
                   were
                   laid
                   up
                   the
                   Palladium
                   ,
                   or
                   Image
                   of
                   Pallas
                   ,
                   so
                   highly
                   esteemed
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Oracle
                   had
                   pronounced
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   safety
                   of
                   their
                   Empire
                   did
                   depend
                   upon
                   the
                   preservationof
                   i●
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   pious
                   Aeneas
                   brought
                   it
                   with
                   him
                   from
                   Troy
                   ,
                   having
                   preserved
                   it
                   with
                   his
                   houshold
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   aged
                   Father
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   burning
                   of
                   that
                   City
                   .
                   They
                   were
                   so
                   much
                   afraid
                   to
                   loose
                   it
                   ,
                   that
                   
                     L.
                     Caecilius
                     Metellus
                  
                   ,
                   a
                   man
                   sufficiently
                   renowned
                   for
                   his
                   valour
                   and
                   victories
                   obtained
                   upon
                   the
                   C●rthaginians
                   in
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   hazarded
                   his
                   life
                   to
                   save
                   it
                   from
                   the
                   flames
                   when
                   the
                   Temple
                   was
                   burning
                   about
                   his
                   ears
                   .
                   He
                   did
                   then
                   preserve
                   the
                   Palladium
                   ,
                   but
                   lost
                   his
                   eyes
                   in
                   the
                   smoak
                   .
                   The
                   Senat
                   to
                   acknowledge
                   his
                   care
                   and
                   courage
                   ,
                   comm●aded
                   that
                   his
                   Statue
                   should
                   be
                   placed
                   in
                   the
                   Capit●l
                   .
                   
                   On
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   
                   Vesta's
                   Temple-stood
                   her
                   Effigies
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   a
                   woman
                   sitting
                   ,
                   having
                   little
                   Jupiter
                   in
                   her
                   arms
                   ;
                   her
                   Priests
                   were
                   to
                   keep
                   their
                   Virginity
                   30
                   years
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   the
                   time
                   appointed
                   for
                   their
                   attendance
                   .
                   They
                   were
                   honoured
                   so
                   much
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   they
                   did
                   casually
                   meet
                   in
                   the
                   streets
                   an
                   offender
                   ,
                   they
                   could
                   procure
                   unto
                   him
                   his
                   pardon
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   they
                   did
                   dishonour
                   the
                   service
                   of
                   their
                   Goddess
                   by
                   Carnal
                   Copulation
                   with
                   any
                   man
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   to
                   die
                   without
                   mercy
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   to
                   be
                   buried
                   alive
                   with
                   water
                   and
                   bread
                   .
                   It
                   was
                   a
                   custome
                   also
                   in
                   the
                   solemn
                   Sacrifices
                   ,
                   to
                   begin
                   the
                   solemnity
                   by
                   praying
                   unto
                   Vesta
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   end
                   it
                   by
                   an
                   address
                   unto
                   the
                   same
                   Goddess
                   .
                   
                   She
                   was
                   honoured
                   also
                   as
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Fodder
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   was
                   called
                   
                     Magna
                     Pales
                  
                   ;
                   they
                   did
                   offer
                   unto
                   her
                   the
                   first
                   fruits
                   of
                   all
                   things
                   ,
                   especially
                   of
                   frankincense
                   ,
                   of
                   flowers
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   wheat
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   III.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Story
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   .
                
                 
                   VVHen
                   Jupiter
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Saturnus
                   and
                   Cybele
                   had
                   put
                   his
                   Father
                   to
                   flight
                   ,
                   he
                   divided
                   the
                   Empire
                   of
                   the
                   world
                   between
                   himself
                   and
                   brothers
                   ;
                   he
                   took
                   to
                   his
                   share
                   the
                   command
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   he
                   assigned
                   the
                   Waters
                   to
                   his
                   Brother
                   Neptune
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   Pluto
                   to
                   dwell
                   in
                   Hell.
                   
                
                 
                   He
                   was
                   called
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   men
                   ;
                   he
                   only
                   had
                   the
                   power
                   to
                   
                   handle
                   the
                   Thunderbolts
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   hold
                   the
                   World
                   in
                   subjection
                   :
                   He
                   had
                   not
                   long
                   raigned
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Earth
                   being
                   incensed
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   crusht
                   in
                   pieces
                   the
                   Titans
                   ,
                   she
                   brought
                   forth
                   against
                   him
                   many
                   dreadful
                   Monsters
                   of
                   an
                   extraordinary
                   bigness
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   them
                   up
                   to
                   besiege
                   heaven
                   ,
                   and
                   drive
                   him
                   from
                   thence
                   .
                   For
                   that
                   intent
                   they
                   had
                   their
                   rendevouze
                   in
                   Thessaly
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Plegrean
                     Fields
                  
                   ,
                   where
                   it
                   was
                   resolved
                   by
                   them
                   ,
                   to
                   raise
                   one
                   Mountain
                   upon
                   another
                   ,
                   and
                   thus
                   to
                   make
                   an
                   easie
                   ascent
                   unto
                   Heaven
                   :
                   They
                   began
                   this
                   difficult
                   work
                   ,
                   to
                   scale
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   and
                   assault
                   it
                   with
                   great
                   Rocks
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   fearful
                   Engines
                   :
                   Amongst
                   the
                   Besiegers
                   was
                   
                     Enceladus
                     ,
                     Briareus
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Aegeon
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   hundred
                   hands
                   which
                   he
                   did
                   imploy
                   in
                   casting
                   up
                   against
                   Jupiter
                   the
                   Rocks
                   of
                   the
                   Sea-shore
                   ;
                   Typhoeus
                   was
                   no
                   less
                   remarkable
                   amongst
                   them
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   exceed
                   all
                   these
                   Monsters
                   ,
                   in
                   bigness
                   of
                   body
                   and
                   strength
                   ,
                   for
                   with
                   his
                   head
                   he
                   did
                   reach
                   to
                   the
                   Heavens
                   ,
                   his
                   arms
                   he
                   could
                   stretch
                   from
                   the
                   Northern
                   to
                   the
                   Southern
                   Pole
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   half
                   a
                   man
                   ,
                   and
                   half
                   a
                   Serpent
                   ,
                   as
                   many
                   of
                   the
                   rest
                   were
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   dreadful
                   to
                   behold
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   vomit
                   fire
                   and
                   flame
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   that
                   came
                   to
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   were
                   frighted
                   into
                   a
                   shameful
                   flight
                   ;
                   they
                   ran
                   into
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   changed
                   themselves
                   into
                   the
                   forms
                   of
                   several
                   Beasts
                   and
                   Herbs
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   not
                   be
                   discovered
                   :
                   Nevertheless
                   Jupiter
                   did
                   pursue
                   these
                   Children
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   so
                   vigoroustly
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   did
                   so
                   play
                   upon
                   them
                   with
                   his
                   Thunderbolts
                   ,
                   that
                   at
                   last
                   he
                   got
                   the
                   Victory
                   ,
                   after
                   which
                   he
                   destroyed
                   all
                   the
                   Race
                   of
                   these
                   Gyants
                   ,
                   holding
                   many
                   of
                   them
                   prisoners
                   in
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   Hell
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   never
                   rise
                   again
                   ,
                   he
                   loaded
                   them
                   with
                   huge
                   Mountains
                   ,
                   as
                   that
                   of
                   Etna
                   .
                   About
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   Prometheus
                   formed
                   the
                   first
                   men
                   of
                   Earth
                   and
                   Water
                   ,
                   animating
                   them
                   with
                   the
                   fire
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   stoln
                   away
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   cause
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   so
                   incensed
                   against
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   commanded
                   Vulcan
                   to
                   tye
                   him
                   upon
                   the
                   Mountain
                   Caucasus
                   with
                   iron
                   Chains
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   put
                   an
                   Eagle
                   or
                   a
                   Vulture
                   to
                   devour
                   daily
                   his
                   Liver
                   ,
                   which
                   every
                   night
                   did
                   renew
                   again
                   ,
                   to
                   his
                   greater
                   and
                   continual
                   torment
                   .
                   He
                   remained
                   in
                   this
                   condition
                   until
                   Hercules
                   by
                   his
                   incomparable
                   virtue
                   and
                   valour
                   did
                   release
                   him
                   .
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   not
                   content
                   with
                   this
                   revenge
                   ,
                   he
                   sent
                   for
                   Pandora
                   ,
                   that
                   wonderful
                   Woman
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   Gods
                   amongst
                   them
                   ,
                   had
                   made
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   every
                   one
                   had
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   her
                   some
                   perfection
                   .
                   By
                   the
                   order
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   this
                   Pandora
                   went
                   to
                   Epimetheus
                   ,
                   the
                   Brother
                   of
                   Prometheus
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Box
                   full
                   of
                   Evils
                   and
                   Diseases
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Present
                   from
                   the
                   Gods
                   :
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   opened
                   it
                   to
                   see
                   what
                   was
                   in
                   it
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   fly
                   abroad
                   into
                   the
                   ayr
                   ,
                   and
                   scattered
                   themselves
                   into
                   all
                   the
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   only
                   in
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Box
                   there
                   was
                   poor
                   hope
                   left
                   alone
                   .
                
                 
                   Jupiter
                   having
                   so
                   happily
                   overcome
                   all
                   his
                   
                   Enemies
                   ,
                   did
                   dream
                   of
                   nothing
                   but
                   his
                   pleasures
                   ,
                   which
                   hurried
                   him
                   into
                   many
                   extravagant
                   and
                   infamous
                   actions
                   :
                   Besides
                   that
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   commit
                   Incest
                   with
                   his
                   Sister
                   Juno
                   ,
                   taking
                   her
                   to
                   Wife
                   ;
                   besides
                   the
                   violence
                   committed
                   upon
                   Ganimedes
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Tros
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Trojans
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   stole
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   an
                   Eagle
                   ,
                   and
                   bugred
                   :
                   He
                   committed
                   many
                   thousand
                   Rapes
                   and
                   Villanies
                   to
                   satisfie
                   his
                   bruitish
                   passion
                   ;
                   as
                   when
                   he
                   took
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Bull
                   to
                   steal
                   away
                   Europa
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Agenor
                   ,
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Phoenicians
                   .
                   From
                   this
                   Europa
                   the
                   most
                   Noble
                   and
                   glorions
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   hath
                   borrowed
                   its
                   name
                   .
                   Notwithstanding
                   all
                   the
                   diligence
                   ,
                   the
                   watchfulness
                   and
                   care
                   of
                   Acrisius
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Argos
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   secured
                   his
                   Daughter
                   Danae
                   in
                   a
                   Tower
                   of
                   Brass
                   ,
                   this
                   lascivious
                   God
                   found
                   a
                   means
                   to
                   enter
                   into
                   it
                   by
                   the
                   top
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Golden
                   Showre
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   accomplish
                   his
                   wicked
                   design
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   begot
                   on
                   her
                   Perseus
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   shall
                   take
                   notice
                   in
                   the
                   following
                   History
                   .
                   The
                   World
                   was
                   so
                   full
                   of
                   his
                   shameful
                   pranks
                   ,
                   that
                   we
                   should
                   scarce
                   find
                   an
                   end
                   if
                   we
                   once
                   began
                   to
                   relate
                   them
                   all
                   .
                   We
                   shall
                   have
                   occasion
                   to
                   mention
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   following
                   pages
                   ;
                   we
                   may
                   therefore
                   justly
                   take
                   notice
                   with
                   Tertullian
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   no
                   marvel
                   to
                   see
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   men
                   every
                   where
                   so
                   debaucht
                   ,
                   and
                   guilty
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   abominable
                   crimes
                   ,
                   seeing
                   they
                   were
                   perswaded
                   and
                   encouraged
                   by
                   the
                   example
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   adore
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   whom
                   
                   they
                   were
                   to
                   expect
                   punishments
                   or
                   rewards
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   the
                   chief
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ;
                   therefore
                   Kings
                   and
                   Princes
                   were
                   anciently
                   named
                   Joves
                   .
                   The
                   Cretans
                   did
                   own
                   him
                   for
                   their
                   Countryman
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Thebans
                   also
                   ,
                   and
                   several
                   other
                   people
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   former
                   did
                   shew
                   many
                   years
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   buried
                   ,
                   as
                   Lucian
                   informs
                   us
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   nursed
                   up
                   by
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   ,
                   and
                   nourished
                   with
                   the
                   milk
                   of
                   a
                   Goat
                   ;
                   which
                   he
                   afterwards
                   promoted
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   and
                   covered
                   his
                   Buckler
                   with
                   her
                   skin
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   is
                   called
                   by
                   the
                   Poets
                   
                     Aegiochus
                     Jupiter
                  
                   ;
                   His
                   Mother
                   saved
                   him
                   from
                   the
                   cruelty
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Titans
                   her
                   Brethren
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   always
                   admitted
                   into
                   the
                   room
                   where
                   she
                   was
                   in
                   Labour
                   of
                   her
                   Children
                   ;
                   as
                   the
                   Princes
                   of
                   the
                   Blood-Royal
                   of
                   France
                   are
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Dauphin
                   is
                   born
                   ,
                   into
                   the
                   Queens
                   Chamber
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Jupiter
                   went
                   to
                   deliver
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   an
                   Eagle
                   gave
                   him
                   a
                   happy
                   Omen
                   of
                   his
                   future
                   victory
                   and
                   greatness
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   claimed
                   that
                   Bird
                   as
                   his
                   own
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Cecropes
                   promised
                   him
                   assistance
                   when
                   he
                   resolved
                   to
                   drive
                   his
                   Father
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   they
                   had
                   received
                   his
                   money
                   ,
                   they
                   refused
                   to
                   follow
                   him
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   changed
                   them
                   into
                   Apes
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Assoon
                   as
                   Jupiter
                   had
                   cast
                   his
                   father
                   into
                   prison
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   he
                   did
                   afterwards
                   escape
                   into
                   Italy
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   came
                   to
                   congratulate
                   with
                   him
                   for
                   his
                   victory
                   in
                   a
                   noble
                   banquet
                   unto
                   which
                   they
                   were
                   invited
                   by
                   him
                   :
                   Apollo
                   sung
                   his
                   praises
                   in
                   a
                   purple
                   garment
                   .
                
                 
                   Jupiter
                   commanded
                   that
                   men
                   should
                   not
                   feed
                   upon
                   humane
                   flesh
                   ,
                   but
                   content
                   themselves
                   with
                   Acrons
                   ,
                   therefore
                   the
                   Oake
                   was
                   dedicated
                   to
                   him
                   .
                   He
                   is
                   called
                   
                     Jupiter
                     à
                     juvando
                     ,
                     Despiter
                     ,
                     quasi
                     diei
                     pater
                     ,
                  
                   the
                   father
                   of
                   the
                   day
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   life
                   because
                   he
                   is
                   taken
                   for
                   the
                   heavens
                   and
                   the
                   firmament
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   their
                   continual
                   motions
                   and
                   influences
                   do
                   entertain
                   and
                   infuse
                   life
                   into
                   every
                   thing
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   universal
                   power
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   that
                   moves
                   and
                   supports
                   all
                   visible
                   beings
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   had
                   as
                   many
                   and
                   as
                   different
                   Statues
                   as
                   Names
                   ,
                   the
                   Heathens
                   painted
                   him
                   an
                   Old-Fellow
                   sitting
                   upon
                   a
                   Throne
                   with
                   a
                   crown
                   upon
                   his
                   head
                   ,
                   cloathed
                   with
                   a
                   rich
                   garment
                   sparkling
                   with
                   stars
                   ,
                   and
                   representing
                   flashes
                   of
                   fire
                   :
                   In
                   his
                   hand
                   two
                   globes
                   that
                   intimated
                   Heaven
                   and
                   earth
                   ,
                   under
                   him
                   Neptune's
                   Trident
                   and
                   a
                   carpet
                   ,
                   representing
                   the
                   tail
                   and
                   feathers
                   of
                   a
                   Peacock
                   .
                   Sometimes
                   they
                   gave
                   him
                   Thunderbolts
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   painted
                   as
                   crooked
                   iron-bars
                   ,
                   sharp
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   ,
                   joyned
                   together
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   .
                   The
                   Aegiptians
                   that
                   did
                   worship
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   figure
                   of
                   a
                   Kam
                   represented
                   his
                   providence
                   ,
                   by
                   a
                   scepter
                   bearing
                   in
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   it
                   a
                   great
                   eye
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   the
                   world
                   did
                   worship
                   him
                   ,
                   
                   especially
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   who
                   granted
                   to
                   him
                   several
                   Titles
                   of
                   honour
                   ,
                   and
                   erected
                   many
                   Temples
                   to
                   him
                   in
                   their
                   City
                   ,
                   The
                   cheif
                   was
                   the
                   Capitol
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   called
                   Capitolinus
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   also
                   named
                   
                     Deus
                     pater
                     indiges
                  
                   by
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   arrived
                   in
                   
                     Italy
                     :
                     Jupiter
                     Inventor
                  
                   by
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   recovered
                   his
                   Oxen
                   that
                   were
                   lost
                   ,
                   
                     Jupiter
                     feretrius
                     a
                     feriendo
                     hostem
                  
                   by
                   Romulus
                   ,
                   who
                   built
                   unto
                   him
                   a
                   Temple
                   .
                   
                     Jupiter
                     Stator
                     a
                     sistendo
                  
                   because
                   he
                   stopt
                   the
                   Romans
                   in
                   their
                   flight
                   at
                   the
                   request
                   of
                   
                     Romulus
                     :
                     Latialis
                     Jupiter
                  
                   was
                   he
                   that
                   was
                   worshipped
                   by
                   the
                   Latine
                   People
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   by
                   the
                   Romans
                   .
                   There
                   was
                   also
                   in
                   
                     Rome
                     Jupiter
                     Sponsor
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                     Imperator
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                     pistor
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                     Victor
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                     Lucetius
                     à
                     luce
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                     Tonans
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                     Ultor
                     ,
                     Conservator
                     ,
                     &
                     Jupiter
                     Fagutalis
                     ,
                  
                   because
                   the
                   Beech-tree
                   was
                   dedicated
                   to
                   him
                   ;
                   
                     Jupiter
                     Praedator
                     ,
                     Marianus
                     ,
                     Pompeianus
                     ,
                  
                   because
                   Marius
                   and
                   Pompey
                   had
                   built
                   for
                   him
                   these
                   stately
                   edifices
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   IV.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   Juno
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   her
                   Children
                   .
                
                 
                   IVno
                   was
                   named
                   the
                   Queen
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdomes
                   and
                   Riches
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   was
                   Wife
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   .
                   She
                   had
                   also
                   a
                   Jurisdiction
                   and
                   a
                   Command
                   over
                   Marriages
                   ,
                   and
                   Child-bearing
                   ,
                   which
                   caused
                   many
                   fair
                   Temples
                   and
                   Altars
                   to
                   be
                   erected
                   to
                   her
                   Honour
                   :
                   She
                   brought
                   forth
                   Hebe
                   ,
                   
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Youth
                   ,
                   and
                   placed
                   and
                   advanced
                   her
                   so
                   far
                   in
                   the
                   favour
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   always
                   poured
                   forth
                   unto
                   him
                   Nectar
                   to
                   drink
                   until
                   she
                   was
                   displaced
                   by
                   
                     Ganimedes
                     .
                     Vulcan
                  
                   was
                   also
                   her
                   Son
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   Jupiter
                   saw
                   how
                   ill-shap't
                   and
                   ugly
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   behold
                   when
                   he
                   came
                   first
                   into
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   he
                   kickt
                   him
                   down
                   from
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   poor
                   Babe
                   fell
                   upon
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   broke
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   legs
                   ,
                   whereof
                   he
                   halted
                   ever
                   after
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   years
                   ,
                   he
                   followed
                   the
                   Trade
                   of
                   a
                   Black-smith
                   ,
                   and
                   work't
                   for
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   especially
                   for
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   for
                   whom
                   he
                   made
                   Thunder-bolts
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   purpose
                   he
                   had
                   several
                   Forges
                   ,
                   or
                   Shops
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Isles
                   of
                   
                     Lemnos
                     ,
                     Lipara
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   Mount
                   Aetna
                   :
                   Some
                   were
                   appointed
                   to
                   assist
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   were
                   called
                   Cyclopes
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   had
                   but
                   one
                   great
                   Eye
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   their
                   Forehead
                   ;
                   the
                   most
                   famous
                   of
                   them
                   were
                   
                     Brontes
                     ,
                     Steropes
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Pyracmon
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   that
                   we
                   may
                   return
                   to
                   the
                   affairs
                   of
                   Juno
                   ,
                   the
                   Poets
                   do
                   mention
                   a
                   great
                   injury
                   that
                   she
                   pretended
                   to
                   have
                   received
                   from
                   Jupiter
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   resolved
                   alone
                   ,
                   without
                   
                   her
                   assistance
                   ,
                   to
                   bring
                   forth
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Pallas
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   called
                   Minerva
                   .
                   They
                   tell
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   performed
                   his
                   design
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   Pallas
                   came
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   Brain
                   in
                   a
                   gallant
                   Armor
                   ,
                   the
                   Lance
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   ,
                   dancing
                   a
                   Dance
                   called
                   the
                   Pyrrhick
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   proper
                   to
                   Martial
                   Men
                   ,
                   invented
                   by
                   Pyrrhus
                   Son
                   of
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   was
                   agreeable
                   to
                   a
                   Tune
                   
                   named
                   Hyporchematick
                   :
                   For
                   these
                   reasons
                   she
                   was
                   held
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   War
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   hand
                   and
                   in-sight
                   in
                   all
                   the
                   Battels
                   ;
                   they
                   did
                   nevertheless
                   attribute
                   to
                   her
                   the
                   invention
                   of
                   several
                   Arts
                   and
                   Sciences
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   the
                   Ornaments
                   of
                   Peace
                   ;
                   therefore
                   the
                   Athenians
                   did
                   pay
                   unto
                   her
                   a
                   singular
                   homage
                   and
                   respect
                   ,
                   having
                   instituted
                   several
                   solemn
                   Festivals
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Panathenees
                   which
                   were
                   kept
                   with
                   divers
                   rare
                   Spectacles
                   ,
                   and
                   expressions
                   of
                   joy
                   .
                   Juno
                   was
                   inwardly
                   chaft
                   at
                   the
                   birth
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   had
                   no
                   hand
                   in
                   the
                   business
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   she
                   resolved
                   to
                   revenge
                   her self
                   upon
                   Jupiter
                   by
                   a
                   like
                   action
                   ;
                   she
                   resolved
                   to
                   have
                   a
                   Child
                   without
                   any
                   acquaintance
                   with
                   her
                   Husband
                   .
                   The
                   Goddess
                   Flora
                   saith
                   Ovid
                   taught
                   her
                   the
                   means
                   ,
                   she
                   gave
                   unto
                   her
                   a
                   certain
                   Flower
                   ,
                   of
                   a
                   strange
                   nature
                   ,
                   which
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   conceive
                   and
                   bring
                   forth
                   Mars
                   ,
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   War
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   Pallas
                   .
                
                 
                   Juno
                   did
                   fee
                   and
                   entertain
                   in
                   her
                   service
                   a
                   certain
                   Fellow
                   full
                   of
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   called
                   Argus
                   ,
                   to
                   observe
                   and
                   relate
                   unto
                   her
                   the
                   actions
                   of
                   her
                   Husband
                   Jupiter
                   .
                   When
                   part
                   of
                   his
                   Eyes
                   were
                   oppressed
                   with
                   sleep
                   ,
                   the
                   rest
                   were
                   waking
                   .
                   But
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   not
                   pleased
                   with
                   this
                   watchful
                   Spy
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   he
                   sent
                   the
                   God
                   Mercurius
                   to
                   lull
                   him
                   asleep
                   with
                   his
                   Pipe
                   ,
                   and
                   kill
                   him
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   Juno
                   was
                   inwardly
                   grieved
                   :
                   Therefore
                   to
                   reward
                   the
                   faithfulness
                   of
                   her
                   dead
                   Servant
                   ,
                   she
                   changed
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   stately
                   Peacock
                   ,
                   that
                   shews
                   yet
                   in
                   his
                   feathers
                   
                   the
                   great
                   number
                   of
                   the
                   Eyes
                   of
                   Argus
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Juno
                   the
                   Sister
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   signifies
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   she
                   saved
                   her
                   Brother
                   from
                   death
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   born
                   ;
                   he
                   requited
                   that
                   good
                   Office
                   by
                   Marrying
                   ,
                   and
                   raising
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   honour
                   of
                   Queen
                   of
                   Heaven
                   and
                   Earth
                   :
                   But
                   she
                   was
                   not
                   willing
                   to
                   consent
                   to
                   this
                   Incestuous
                   Marriage
                   ,
                   therefore
                   Jupiter
                   imployed
                   his
                   skill
                   and
                   wit
                   to
                   bring
                   it
                   to
                   pass
                   :
                   He
                   took
                   the
                   shape
                   of
                   a
                   Cuckow
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   Storm
                   lighted
                   upon
                   her
                   Lap
                   :
                   Juno
                   out
                   of
                   pity
                   received
                   the
                   Bird
                   into
                   her
                   Bosom
                   ,
                   to
                   shelter
                   it
                   from
                   the
                   violence
                   of
                   the
                   weather
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   the
                   subtil
                   Bird
                   felt
                   the
                   warmth
                   of
                   her
                   body
                   ,
                   it
                   took
                   again
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   who
                   obtained
                   his
                   desire
                   ,
                   by
                   a
                   promise
                   of
                   present
                   Marriage
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   Juno
                   was
                   represented
                   upon
                   a
                   Throne
                   ,
                   sitting
                   with
                   a
                   Scepter
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Crown
                   of
                   Gold
                   upon
                   her
                   head
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   touch
                   the
                   Clouds
                   ;
                   round
                   about
                   her
                   was
                   the
                   fair
                   and
                   beautiful
                   Iris
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   called
                   
                     Nuncia
                     Junonis
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Messenger
                   of
                   Juno
                   ;
                   on
                   every
                   side
                   she
                   was
                   attended
                   by
                   Peacocks
                   ,
                   named
                   therefore
                   
                     Aves
                     Junonis
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Birds
                   of
                   Juno
                   .
                   She
                   was
                   also
                   represented
                   in
                   another
                   manner
                   ,
                   as
                   she
                   was
                   taken
                   for
                   the
                   Moon
                   .
                   She
                   was
                   thus
                   called
                   Lucina
                   ,
                   and
                   painted
                   with
                   beams
                   of
                   light
                   about
                   her
                   face
                   ,
                   sitting
                   upon
                   Lyons
                   ,
                   a
                   Scepter
                   and
                   a
                   Spindle
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   ;
                   and
                   because
                   the
                   Moon
                   bath
                   a
                   power
                   upon
                   Women
                   with-child
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   make
                   their
                   Addresses
                   unto
                   her
                   in
                   their
                   Pain
                   ,
                   saying
                   ,
                   
                     Juno
                     Lucina
                     fer
                     opem
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   Juno
                   was
                   also
                   painted
                   with
                   Sheers
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Platter
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   ,
                   cloathed
                   with
                   a
                   Goats
                   skin
                   ,
                   
                   crowned
                   and
                   girded
                   with
                   Vine
                   Branches
                   ,
                   and
                   under
                   her
                   feet
                   a
                   Lyoness
                   .
                   On
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   her
                   Scepter
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   sometimes
                   given
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   a
                   Cuckow
                   ,
                   and
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   ,
                   two
                   Meteors
                   waiting
                   upon
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   Juno
                   was
                   adored
                   by
                   all
                   Nations
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   people
                   ;
                   the
                   Souldiers
                   called
                   her
                   Curetis
                   ,
                   the
                   common
                   people
                   Populania
                   ,
                   the
                   rich
                   Misers
                   Soticena
                   ,
                   or
                   Sospitatrix
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   Opipena
                   ,
                   the
                   new-married
                   people
                   
                     Inderduca
                     ,
                     Domiduca
                     ,
                     Unxia
                     ,
                     Cinxia
                     ,
                  
                   the
                   women
                   with-child
                   Fluona
                   ,
                   and
                   Lucina
                   .
                   Three
                   Cities
                   did
                   worship
                   her
                   more
                   than
                   any
                   others
                   ,
                   
                     Mycenae
                     ,
                     Sparta
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Argos
                   .
                   The
                   Poets
                   say
                   ,
                   
                   that
                   she
                   spent
                   her
                   〈…〉
                   at
                   Samos
                   ,
                   a
                   very
                   pleasant
                   Island
                   of
                   〈…〉
                   and
                   that
                   Jupiter
                   married
                   〈…〉
                   certain
                   a
                   yearly
                   Solemnity
                   was
                   〈…〉
                   year
                   in
                   remembrance
                   of
                   her
                   〈…〉
                   Junonia
                   ;
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   the
                   Maids
                   〈…〉
                   did
                   run
                   Races
                   
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   this
                   〈…〉
                   whom
                   they
                   did
                   petition
                   for
                   Husbands
                   ,
                   〈◊〉
                   her
                   
                     Juno
                     Pronuba
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Jugalis
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   Rome
                   an
                   Altar
                   was
                   dedicated
                   to
                   this
                   
                     Juno
                     Juga
                  
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   new-married
                   couple
                   did
                   appear
                   to
                   offer
                   Sacrifice
                   .
                   
                   In
                   which
                   this
                   is
                   remarkable
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   take
                   from
                   the
                   sacrificed
                   Beast
                   the
                   Gall
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   cast
                   it
                   behind
                   the
                   Altar
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   how
                   all
                   displeasure
                   should
                   be
                   banished
                   from
                   such
                   persons
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Temple
                   of
                   Juno
                   was
                   open
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Numa
                     Pompilius
                  
                   commanded
                   that
                   all
                   Whores
                   should
                   not
                   so
                   much
                   as
                   touch
                   or
                   come
                   near
                   her
                   
                   Walls
                   ,
                   because
                   there
                   had
                   been
                   none
                   so
                   much
                   persecuted
                   by
                   such
                   sort
                   of
                   people
                   as
                   she
                   ,
                   and
                   none
                   had
                   greater
                   cause
                   to
                   abominate
                   them
                   ,
                   for
                   her
                   lecherous
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   seldome
                   without
                   half
                   a
                   dozen
                   Mistresses
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   War
                   of
                   the
                   Gyants
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   general
                   fright
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   she
                   fled
                   into
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   and
                   took
                   upon
                   her
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   white
                   Cow
                   ,
                   which
                   may
                   be
                   the
                   cause
                   wherefore
                   this
                   Animal
                   was
                   adored
                   by
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   .
                   The
                   Heathens
                   offered
                   to
                   her
                   a
                   white
                   Cow
                   ,
                   Geese
                   ,
                   and
                   Ravens
                   in
                   Sacrifice
                   .
                   Adrianus
                   ,
                   the
                   Roman
                   Emperour
                   ,
                   presented
                   her
                   a
                   rich
                   gift
                   in
                   one
                   of
                   her
                   Temples
                   ;
                   he
                   dedicated
                   a
                   Peacock
                   ,
                   her
                   beloved
                   Bird
                   ,
                   of
                   pure
                   Gold
                   ,
                   with
                   wings
                   round
                   about
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   extremities
                   ,
                   he
                   caused
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   sparklings
                   and
                   precious
                   stones
                   to
                   be
                   put
                   in
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   serve
                   in
                   lieu
                   of
                   eyes
                   ,
                   and
                   represent
                   the
                   perfect
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Peacock
                   .
                
                 
                   Juno
                   was
                   often
                   offended
                   with
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   as
                   she
                   had
                   just
                   reason
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   in
                   like
                   manner
                   was
                   displeased
                   with
                   her
                   ;
                   therefore
                   in
                   his
                   anger
                   Homerus
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   hang'd
                   her
                   up
                   by
                   the
                   heels
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   sight
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   took
                   Juno's
                   part
                   ,
                   and
                   laboured
                   to
                   cast
                   Jupiter
                   out
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   but
                   their
                   endeavours
                   were
                   in
                   vain
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   hated
                   all
                   the
                   Children
                   of
                   her
                   Husbands
                   Concubines
                   ,
                   especially
                   Hercules
                   ;
                   therefore
                   she
                   appointed
                   unto
                   him
                   all
                   his
                   Adventures
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   in
                   a
                   tumult
                   unfortunately
                   gave
                   her
                   a
                   wound
                   .
                
                 
                   *
                   It
                   was
                   to
                   this
                   Goddess
                   that
                   Horacius
                   ,
                   who
                   got
                   the
                   Victory
                   of
                   the
                   Curii
                   ,
                   built
                   a
                   Temple
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   expiation
                   for
                   the
                   horrid
                   crime
                   committed
                   in
                   
                   his
                   anger
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   kill'd
                   in
                   a
                   fury
                   his
                   own
                   Sister
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   did
                   weep
                   for
                   her
                   Sweet-heart
                   that
                   her
                   Brother
                   had
                   kill'd
                   in
                   a
                   Duel
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   the
                   happiness
                   of
                   Rome
                   did
                   depend
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Junones
                   were
                   the
                   Genii
                   or
                   Demones
                   that
                   waited
                   upon
                   women
                   ,
                   but
                   of
                   that
                   hereafter
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Children
                     of
                  
                   Juno
                   were
                   Hebe
                   ,
                   Vulcan
                   ,
                   Mars
                   .
                
                 
                   Hebe
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Youth
                   was
                   painted
                   as
                   a
                   dainty
                   Girl
                   ,
                   covered
                   with
                   Garlands
                   and
                   Flowers
                   :
                   Her
                   Mother
                   conceived
                   her
                   in
                   a
                   pleasant
                   manner
                   ,
                   without
                   any
                   acquaintance
                   with
                   a
                   Male
                   ;
                   
                   for
                   she
                   was
                   invited
                   to
                   a
                   sumptuous
                   Feast
                   by
                   Neptune
                   in
                   Jupiters
                   Palace
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   she
                   met
                   with
                   a
                   dainty
                   Sallad
                   of
                   Lettice
                   that
                   moved
                   her
                   imagination
                   ,
                   and
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   conceive
                   this
                   Hebe
                   ,
                   whose
                   Beauty
                   advanced
                   her
                   into
                   Jupiters
                   favour
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   his
                   service
                   ,
                   for
                   her
                   Office
                   was
                   to
                   present
                   the
                   Cup
                   to
                   him
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   at
                   Dinner
                   with
                   the
                   other
                   Gods.
                   
                
                 
                   A
                   misfortune
                   happened
                   to
                   this
                   young
                   Girl
                   at
                   a
                   solemn
                   Feast
                   in
                   the
                   presence
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Heavenly
                   Company
                   that
                   was
                   invited
                   ,
                   her
                   heels
                   tript
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   discovered
                   her
                   nakedness
                   to
                   them
                   ;
                   which
                   accident
                   made
                   Jupiter
                   remove
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   place
                   Ganimedes
                   in
                   her
                   Office.
                   She
                   had
                   several
                   fair
                   Temples
                   built
                   unto
                   her
                   ,
                   especially
                   near
                   Athens
                   ,
                   where
                   all
                   Vagabonds
                   and
                   idle
                   Knaves
                   did
                   find
                   a
                   favourable
                   Sanctuary
                   ,
                   and
                   good
                   entertainment
                   .
                   The
                   Poets
                   tell
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   Hercules
                   was
                   admitted
                   amongst
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   Jupiter
                   recommended
                   him
                   for
                   a
                   Husband
                   to
                   Hebe
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   him
                   .
                   From
                   this
                   jolly
                   and
                   pleasant
                   
                   Goddess
                   all
                   merry
                   Meetings
                   of
                   Youth
                   are
                   
                   named
                   Hebetria
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Vulcanus
                   was
                   also
                   a
                   Child
                   of
                   Juno
                   ,
                   nursed
                   by
                   Thetis
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   ,
                   when
                   Jupiter
                   kickt
                   him
                   out
                   of
                   Heaven
                   .
                   He
                   is
                   taken
                   for
                   the
                   Natural
                   Heat
                   ;
                   therefore
                   the
                   Aegyptians
                   in
                   their
                   Hiereglyphicks
                   did
                   represent
                   an
                   Egg
                   proceeding
                   out
                   of
                   Jupiters
                   mouth
                   ,
                   from
                   which
                   Vulcanus
                   was
                   ingendred
                   .
                   The
                   Lightning
                   was
                   ascribed
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   was
                   dusky
                   and
                   darkish
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   white
                   Lightning
                   to
                   Minerva
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   red
                   to
                   Jupiter
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   an
                   ill-shap't
                   Wretch
                   ,
                   insomuch
                   
                   that
                   Minerva
                   scorned
                   his
                   offers
                   when
                   she
                   was
                   woed
                   by
                   him
                   ;
                   he
                   behaved
                   himself
                   very
                   generously
                   in
                   the
                   War
                   of
                   the
                   Gyants
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   began
                   the
                   onset
                   ,
                   whiles
                   many
                   of
                   the
                   other
                   Gods
                   fled
                   away
                   .
                   His
                   two
                   Wives
                   were
                   Aglaia
                   ,
                   and
                   Venus
                   .
                   The
                   latter
                   had
                   no
                   kindness
                   for
                   him
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   his
                   def
                   rmity
                   ;
                   therefore
                   she
                   sought
                   satisfaction
                   somewhere
                   else
                   ,
                   and
                   readily
                   accepted
                   of
                   the
                   imbraces
                   
                   of
                   Mars
                   :
                   But
                   Apollo
                   gave
                   notice
                   of
                   the
                   meeting
                   to
                   poor
                   Vulcan
                   ,
                   who
                   found
                   a
                   way
                   to
                   trapan
                   the
                   Knave
                   in
                   bed
                   with
                   his
                   Wife
                   :
                   He
                   spread
                   his
                   Net
                   all
                   over
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   and
                   caught
                   them
                   there
                   together
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   put
                   them
                   to
                   greater
                   shame
                   ,
                   he
                   sent
                   for
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   to
                   be
                   Witnesses
                   of
                   their
                   dishonesty
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   only
                   Black-smith
                   that
                   made
                   the
                   Chariot
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   the
                   Armor
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Heroes
                   ,
                   and
                   Jupiters
                   Thunderbolts
                   .
                   His
                   Feasts
                   were
                   named
                   Protervia
                   .
                   The
                   Romans
                   did
                   run
                   about
                   with
                   lighted
                   Torches
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   Lyon.
                   
                
                 
                 
                   
                   Mars
                   ,
                   or
                   Mavors
                   ,
                   was
                   another
                   of
                   
                   Juno's
                   Children
                   ,
                   begot
                   without
                   her
                   Husbands
                   assistance
                   ,
                   
                   in
                   revenge
                   of
                   the
                   affront
                   received
                   from
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   bring
                   forth
                   Pallas
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   ,
                   without
                   
                   Juno's
                   privity
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   never
                   
                   welcome
                   to
                   Jupiter
                   in
                   his
                   Minority
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   nursed
                   by
                   Thero
                   in
                   the
                   Northern
                   Climates
                   that
                   are
                   inclinable
                   to
                   War
                   ,
                   He
                   was
                   represented
                   upon
                   a
                   high
                   Chariot
                   ,
                   drawn
                   by
                   two
                   furious
                   Horses
                   ,
                   named
                   by
                   some
                   
                     Terror
                     and
                     Fear
                  
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   his
                   Armour
                   Defensive
                   and
                   Offensive
                   :
                   His
                   attendance
                   
                   were
                   three
                   frightful
                   Spirits
                   ,
                   
                     Apprehension
                     ,
                     Contention
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Clamour
                   :
                   Before
                   him
                   Fame
                   full
                   of
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   Ears
                   and
                   Tongues
                   ,
                   did
                   fly
                   .
                   His
                   Sister
                   was
                   Bellona
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   usually
                   a
                   Bloody
                   Whip
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   born
                   in
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   that
                   Country
                   did
                   offer
                   unto
                   him
                   Humane
                   Sacrifices
                   ,
                   as
                   other
                   people
                   did
                   the
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   the
                   Vulture
                   ,
                   the
                   Dog
                   ,
                   the
                   Pye
                   ,
                   the
                   Calf
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Horse
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   mightily
                   esteemed
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   held
                   their
                   beginning
                   from
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   gave
                   out
                   ,
                   that
                   Romulus
                   was
                   his
                   Son
                   :
                   Yet
                   they
                   would
                   not
                   suffer
                   his
                   Statues
                   and
                   Images
                   to
                   be
                   raised
                   in
                   their
                   City
                   ,
                   but
                   caused
                   them
                   to
                   stand
                   without
                   .
                   to
                   intimate
                   their
                   inclination
                   rather
                   to
                   Forreign
                   then
                   Civil
                   War.
                   His
                   Priests
                   were
                   named
                   Salii
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   did
                   skip
                   about
                   his
                   Altars
                   that
                   were
                   erected
                   under
                   the
                   same
                   Roof
                   as
                   those
                   of
                   Venus
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   the
                   happy
                   influences
                   that
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   Mars
                   and
                   Venus
                   ,
                   did
                   poure
                   upon
                   us
                   when
                   they
                   meet
                   in
                   the
                   Nativity
                   of
                   Children
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                     Mavors
                     sanguinea
                     qui
                     cuspide
                     verberat
                     urbes
                     ,
                  
                   
                   Et
                   Venus
                   
                     humanas
                     quae
                     laxat
                     in
                     otia
                     curas
                     ,
                     Aurati
                     delubra
                     tenent
                     communia
                     Templi
                     .
                  
                   The
                   Poets
                   take
                   notice
                   that
                   Mars
                   was
                   released
                   at
                   the
                   request
                   of
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   caught
                   in
                   Vulcans
                   Bed
                   with
                   Venus
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   old
                   God
                   did
                   consider
                   how
                   it
                   might
                   be
                   his
                   own
                   case
                   to
                   be
                   surprised
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   V.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Sun.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   AT
                   last
                   Jupiter
                   began
                   to
                   be
                   weary
                   of
                   Juno
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   desire
                   change
                   ;
                   therefore
                   to
                   satisfie
                   his
                   appetite
                   ,
                   he
                   cast
                   his
                   affections
                   upon
                   a
                   certain
                   Latona
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   entirely
                   loved
                   .
                   Juno
                   was
                   enraged
                   when
                   she
                   heard
                   of
                   her
                   Rivals
                   happiness
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   against
                   her
                   a
                   Serpent
                   of
                   a
                   prodigious
                   bigness
                   ,
                   named
                   Python
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   crept
                   out
                   of
                   that
                   filthy
                   slime
                   and
                   matter
                   that
                   remained
                   after
                   the
                   Deluge
                   of
                   Deucalion
                   ,
                   whereof
                   we
                   shall
                   have
                   occasion
                   to
                   speak
                   hereafter
                   .
                   And
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   that
                   the
                   poor
                   Latona
                   might
                   not
                   escape
                   the
                   fury
                   of
                   this
                   Monster
                   ,
                   Juno
                   had
                   covenanted
                   with
                   the
                   Earth
                   to
                   allow
                   her
                   no
                   other
                   retreat
                   besides
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Delos
                   ,
                   which
                   then
                   was
                   floting
                   in
                   the
                   Aegean
                   Sea
                   ,
                   and
                   sunk
                   under
                   water
                   .
                   Neptunus
                   out
                   of
                   pity
                   raised
                   it
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   fixed
                   it
                   in
                   a
                   place
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   it
                   might
                   serve
                   for
                   a
                   refuge
                   and
                   dwelling
                   to
                   this
                   Exiled
                   Creature
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   was
                   near
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   her
                   Delivery
                   .
                   
                   Latona
                   was
                   there
                   brought
                   to
                   Bed
                   of
                   Apollo
                   and
                   Diana
                   ,
                   upon
                   the
                   large
                   leaf
                   of
                   a
                   Palm-tree
                   ,
                   which
                   by
                   chance
                   was
                   found
                   in
                   that
                   Desolate
                   Island
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Apollo
                   came
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   years
                   ,
                   he
                   remembred
                   unto
                   what
                   shifts
                   and
                   extremity
                   the
                   Serpent
                   Python
                   had
                   reduced
                   his
                   poor
                   Mother
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   kill'd
                   him
                   with
                   his
                   Bow
                   and
                   Arrows
                   ,
                   after
                   a
                   long
                   and
                   grievous
                   fight
                   ,
                   during
                   which
                   ,
                   these
                   words
                   
                     Jo
                     Paean
                  
                   were
                   frequently
                   heard
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   is
                   derived
                   the
                   custome
                   of
                   singing
                   and
                   repeating
                   these
                   words
                   in
                   the
                   publick
                   Plays
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Triumphs
                   and
                   Victories
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   happy
                   Combat
                   ,
                   he
                   begot
                   a
                   Son
                   called
                   Esculapius
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   committed
                   to
                   the
                   Tuition
                   of
                   Chiron
                   the
                   Centaur
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   brought
                   up
                   in
                   the
                   Mysteries
                   of
                   Physick
                   ,
                   whereof
                   he
                   was
                   afterwards
                   esteemed
                   the
                   God.
                   But
                   Jupiter
                   strook
                   this
                   Esculapius
                   with
                   his
                   Thunderbolts
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   restored
                   to
                   life
                   Hyppolitus
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   torn
                   in
                   pieces
                   by
                   his
                   own
                   Chariot
                   Horses
                   when
                   he
                   fled
                   from
                   the
                   fury
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   shall
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   story
                   of
                   Theseus
                   .
                   The
                   death
                   of
                   Esculapius
                   did
                   not
                   a
                   little
                   afflict
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   revenge
                   himself
                   upon
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   he
                   kill'd
                   the
                   Cyclopes
                   that
                   had
                   made
                   the
                   Thunderbolts
                   with
                   which
                   his
                   Son
                   had
                   been
                   smitten
                   .
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   highly
                   incensed
                   at
                   him
                   for
                   this
                   action
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   banisht
                   him
                   out
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   and
                   deprived
                   him
                   of
                   the
                   priviledges
                   of
                   his
                   Divinity
                   for
                   a
                   time
                   .
                   Whiles
                   he
                   was
                   thus
                   banished
                   
                   and
                   shut
                   out
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   he
                   endured
                   a
                   World
                   of
                   misery
                   :
                   His
                   poverty
                   constrained
                   him
                   to
                   go
                   to
                   the
                   service
                   of
                   Admetus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Thessaly
                   ,
                   to
                   feed
                   his
                   sheep
                   for
                   a
                   livelihood
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   reason
                   he
                   was
                   esteemed
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Shepherds
                   :
                   In
                   this
                   Quality
                   they
                   did
                   offer
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   Wolf
                   ,
                   the
                   Enemy
                   of
                   the
                   Sheep
                   .
                   
                   As
                   he
                   did
                   one
                   day
                   keep
                   his
                   Cows
                   ,
                   Mercurius
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Thieves
                   stole
                   from
                   him
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   did
                   complain
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   sought
                   satisfaction
                   ,
                   the
                   former
                   Thief
                   very
                   subtilly
                   stole
                   from
                   him
                   his
                   Quiver
                   that
                   hung
                   upon
                   his
                   shoulders
                   ,
                   all
                   which
                   turned
                   into
                   sport
                   and
                   laughter
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   misery
                   of
                   Apollo
                   could
                   not
                   hinder
                   him
                   from
                   falling
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   a
                   certain
                   Daphne
                   ,
                   who
                   would
                   never
                   consent
                   unto
                   his
                   entreaties
                   .
                   As
                   she
                   was
                   one
                   day
                   running
                   from
                   his
                   pursuits
                   ,
                   she
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Laurel
                   ,
                   which
                   therefore
                   was
                   consecrated
                   unto
                   Apollo
                   .
                   But
                   he
                   met
                   afterwards
                   with
                   a
                   greater
                   misfortune
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   played
                   with
                   little
                   Hyacinthus
                   his
                   Darling
                   ,
                   for
                   while
                   he
                   was
                   sporting
                   with
                   him
                   by
                   chance
                   ,
                   he
                   strook
                   him
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   died
                   presently
                   after
                   .
                   The
                   Earth
                   was
                   so
                   much
                   moved
                   with
                   compassion
                   at
                   this
                   unhappy
                   accident
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   caused
                   the
                   Flower
                   Hyacinthus
                   ,
                   a
                   Violet
                   ,
                   to
                   rise
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   drops
                   of
                   his
                   Blood
                   ,
                   to
                   perpetuate
                   his
                   Name
                   to
                   Posterity
                   .
                   Apollo
                   was
                   in
                   no
                   small
                   danger
                   by
                   this
                   misfortune
                   ;
                   for
                   some
                   did
                   concern
                   themselves
                   for
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   Hyacinthus
                   ,
                   seeking
                   to
                   revenge
                   themselves
                   upon
                   him
                   ;
                   of
                   whom
                   being
                   
                   jealous
                   ,
                   he
                   fled
                   to
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   met
                   with
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   fallen
                   also
                   into
                   the
                   displeasure
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   .
                
                 
                   Both
                   together
                   seeing
                   themselves
                   reduced
                   to
                   extreme
                   poverty
                   in
                   a
                   strange
                   Country
                   ,
                   far
                   from
                   their
                   possessions
                   ,
                   resolved
                   to
                   enter
                   themselves
                   in
                   the
                   service
                   of
                   King
                   Laomedon
                   ,
                   to
                   help
                   him
                   to
                   build
                   his
                   City
                   .
                   They
                   work't
                   long
                   for
                   this
                   ungrateful
                   King
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   they
                   saw
                   no
                   hopes
                   of
                   the
                   Reward
                   promised
                   to
                   their
                   labour
                   ,
                   they
                   threatned
                   to
                   revenge
                   themselves
                   .
                   Neptunus
                   with
                   the
                   swelling
                   Waves
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   had
                   almost
                   drowned
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   his
                   people
                   ;
                   and
                   Apollo
                   sent
                   amongst
                   them
                   such
                   a
                   furious
                   Pestilence
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   left
                   every
                   where
                   nothing
                   but
                   Desolation
                   and
                   Slaughter
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Laomedon
                   saw
                   into
                   what
                   inconvenicies
                   his
                   perfidious
                   dealing
                   had
                   brought
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   consulted
                   the
                   Oracle
                   ,
                   that
                   informed
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   was
                   no
                   other
                   way
                   to
                   appease
                   the
                   displeasure
                   of
                   these
                   angry
                   Gods
                   ,
                   but
                   by
                   exposing
                   every
                   year
                   a
                   Virgin
                   of
                   Troy
                   to
                   be
                   devoured
                   by
                   the
                   Sea-Monsters
                   .
                   The
                   Lot
                   fell
                   at
                   last
                   upon
                   the
                   Kings
                   Daughter
                   Hesione
                   ;
                   but
                   Hercules
                   offered
                   to
                   deliver
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   fight
                   with
                   the
                   Sea-Monster
                   ,
                   if
                   Laomedon
                   would
                   give
                   him
                   for
                   the
                   reward
                   of
                   his
                   service
                   the
                   Horses
                   begot
                   of
                   a
                   Divine
                   Seed
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   then
                   in
                   his
                   Stables
                   at
                   Troy.
                   The
                   promise
                   was
                   made
                   ,
                   but
                   perfidious
                   Laomedon
                   stood
                   not
                   to
                   it
                   when
                   Hesione
                   was
                   set
                   at
                   liberty
                   ,
                   which
                   so
                   much
                   incensed
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   laid
                   Siege
                   to
                   the
                   City
                   
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   took
                   and
                   sackt
                   it
                   ,
                   kill'd
                   Laomedon
                   ,
                   and
                   carried
                   his
                   Son
                   into
                   Captivity
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   afterwards
                   redeemed
                   by
                   the
                   Trojans
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   that
                   cause
                   was
                   named
                   Priamus
                   ;
                   as
                   we
                   shall
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   sequel
                   of
                   our
                   discourse
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   all
                   these
                   misfortunes
                   ,
                   Apollo
                   re-assumed
                   again
                   his
                   Divinity
                   ,
                   and
                   became
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   noted
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   by
                   the
                   great
                   number
                   of
                   Oracles
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   give
                   in
                   several
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   by
                   the
                   several
                   Functions
                   and
                   Offices
                   that
                   were
                   attributed
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   the
                   famous
                   persons
                   that
                   were
                   said
                   to
                   Be
                   his
                   Sons
                   .
                
                 
                   First
                   ,
                   He
                   was
                   taken
                   for
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   this
                   Quality
                   he
                   had
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   Pboebus
                   given
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   by
                   interpretation
                   ,
                   
                     The
                     Light
                     of
                     the
                     Living
                  
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   true
                   ,
                   that
                   some
                   do
                   differ
                   in
                   their
                   relations
                   concerning
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   and
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   his
                   Father
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Titans
                   ,
                   named
                   Hyperion
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   it
                   is
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   called
                   Titan.
                   They
                   have
                   imagined
                   that
                   he
                   rides
                   upon
                   a
                   glorious
                   Chariot
                   ,
                   that
                   every
                   night
                   he
                   goes
                   down
                   to
                   rest
                   in
                   the
                   Ocean
                   ,
                   until
                   the
                   next
                   day
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Hours
                   do
                   prepare
                   him
                   his
                   Horses
                   to
                   begin
                   again
                   his
                   course
                   .
                   He
                   did
                   seem
                   to
                   delight
                   in
                   the
                   Isle
                   of
                   Rhodez
                   ,
                   more
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   for
                   this
                   reason
                   ;
                   because
                   ,
                   as
                   Solinus
                   doth
                   report
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   day
                   never
                   so
                   dark
                   nor
                   clouded
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Sun
                   appears
                   to
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   there
                   :
                   Besides
                   they
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   this
                   Island
                   he
                   begat
                   his
                   Daughter
                   Rhodia
                   .
                   He
                   sent
                   down
                   in
                   it
                   showres
                   of
                   Gold
                   ,
                   and
                   caused
                   on
                   
                   his
                   Birth-day
                   Roses
                   to
                   open
                   and
                   spread
                   .
                   The
                   
                   Rhodians
                   did
                   dedicate
                   unto
                   him
                   that
                   famous
                   Colossus
                   of
                   Brass
                   ,
                   of
                   800
                   feet
                   in
                   height
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   proportionable
                   bigness
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   broken
                   down
                   by
                   the
                   Sarazens
                   ,
                   that
                   took
                   the
                   Island
                   in
                   the
                   year
                   of
                   our
                   Lord
                   684.
                   
                   When
                   it
                   was
                   beat
                   in
                   pieces
                   ,
                   they
                   loaded
                   above
                   900
                   Camels
                   with
                   it
                   .
                   This
                   was
                   esteemed
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   seven
                   Wonders
                   of
                   the
                   World.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   Amongst
                   the
                   most
                   famous
                   places
                   where
                   Apollo
                   did
                   give
                   Oracles
                   ,
                   Delphos
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   chief
                   :
                   In
                   it
                   was
                   a
                   glorious
                   Temple
                   ,
                   or
                   Fabrick
                   ,
                   enriched
                   with
                   innumerable
                   gifts
                   ,
                   which
                   came
                   from
                   every
                   corner
                   :
                   In
                   it
                   was
                   a
                   Woman
                   ▪
                   Priest
                   ,
                   named
                   Poebas
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   Pithia
                   or
                   Pythanissa
                   ,
                   that
                   received
                   the
                   Enthusiasme
                   ,
                   sitting
                   upon
                   a
                   little
                   Table
                   supported
                   with
                   three
                   feet
                   ;
                   it
                   was
                   called
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Cortina
                   ,
                   because
                   it
                   was
                   covered
                   with
                   the
                   skin
                   of
                   the
                   Serpent
                   Python
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   God
                   was
                   also
                   esteemed
                   the
                   Inventer
                   of
                   Musick
                   ,
                   he
                   flead
                   the
                   Satyre
                   Marsias
                   alive
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   impudent
                   and
                   daring
                   as
                   to
                   challenge
                   him
                   to
                   sing
                   .
                   The
                   Muses
                   ,
                   that
                   were
                   Daughters
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Mnemosyne
                   ,
                   were
                   committed
                   to
                   his
                   tuition
                   ;
                   their
                   names
                   were
                   
                     Calliope
                     ,
                     Clio
                     ,
                     Erato
                     ,
                     Thalia
                     ,
                     Melpomene
                     ,
                     Therpsicore
                     ,
                     Euterpe
                     ,
                     Polymnia
                     ,
                  
                   or
                   Polyhymnia
                   ,
                   and
                   Vrania
                   .
                   They
                   had
                   several
                   names
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   several
                   places
                   where
                   they
                   did
                   dwell
                   :
                   Sometimes
                   they
                   were
                   called
                   Pierides
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   Forrest
                   Pieris
                   in
                   Macedonia
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   were
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   born
                   ;
                   sometimes
                   Heliconiades
                   ,
                   
                   from
                   the
                   Mountain
                   Helicon
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   nigh
                   to
                   their
                   beloved
                   Parnassus
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   also
                   they
                   were
                   named
                   Parnassides
                   ,
                   and
                   Cytherides
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   Mountain
                   
                     Cytheron
                     ;
                     Castalides
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Aganippides
                   ,
                   from
                   two
                   noted
                   Fountains
                   that
                   were
                   consecrated
                   unto
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Muses
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   invented
                   Musick
                   :
                   Their
                   chief
                   Office
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   present
                   at
                   the
                   solemn
                   Festivals
                   ,
                   and
                   Sacred
                   Banquets
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   to
                   sing
                   the
                   praises
                   of
                   the
                   famous
                   men
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   encourage
                   others
                   to
                   undertake
                   glorious
                   actions
                   .
                   They
                   were
                   esteemed
                   for
                   their
                   Chastity
                   which
                   they
                   did
                   profess
                   so
                   much
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   Admis
                   ,
                   the
                   Favorite
                   of
                   Venus
                   ,
                   offered
                   to
                   stir
                   up
                   in
                   them
                   some
                   inclinations
                   of
                   Love
                   ,
                   they
                   fell
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   him
                   to
                   death
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Children
                   of
                   Apollo
                   were
                   many
                   ,
                   besides
                   that
                   Rhodia
                   mentioned
                   before
                   :
                   He
                   had
                   Atha
                   ,
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   Medea
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Colchos
                   .
                   unto
                   whom
                   was
                   committed
                   the
                   Golden
                   Fleece
                   ,
                   by
                   Phrixus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Athamas
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Thebes
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   fled
                   with
                   his
                   Sister
                   from
                   the
                   fury
                   of
                   his
                   Step-mother
                   ,
                   as
                   you
                   shall
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   eleventh
                   Chapter
                   .
                   Apollo
                   had
                   another
                   Daughter
                   named
                   Pasiphae
                   ,
                   married
                   to
                   Minos
                   King
                   of
                   Crete
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   became
                   at
                   last
                   enamoured
                   with
                   a
                   Bull
                   ,
                   by
                   whom
                   she
                   had
                   the
                   Monster
                   called
                   
                     Minotaure
                     .
                     Phaeton
                  
                   was
                   also
                   his
                   Son.
                   This
                   young
                   Gallant
                   had
                   an
                   ambitious
                   fancy
                   to
                   govern
                   the
                   Chariot
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   give
                   light
                   to
                   the
                   World
                   for
                   one
                   day
                   :
                   But
                   not
                   knowing
                   the
                   right
                   way
                   through
                   the
                   
                   middle
                   of
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   and
                   wanting
                   strength
                   to
                   rule
                   the
                   winged
                   Horses
                   that
                   ran
                   so
                   swiftly
                   ,
                   he
                   set
                   the
                   Heaven
                   and
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   in
                   a
                   
                   flame
                   :
                   For
                   which
                   cause
                   Jupiter
                   being
                   offended
                   ,
                   kill'd
                   him
                   with
                   his
                   Thunderbolts
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   him
                   head-long
                   into
                   the
                   River
                   of
                   Padus
                   in
                   Italy
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   otherwise
                   called
                   Eridanus
                   ;
                   where
                   his
                   Sisters
                   ,
                   afflicted
                   with
                   his
                   misfortune
                   ,
                   were
                   changed
                   into
                   Poplar-trees
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Tears
                   into
                   Amber
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Poets
                   say
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   Conflagration
                   ,
                   there
                   happened
                   an
                   Universal
                   Deluge
                   ,
                   when
                   Deucalion
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Prometheus
                   ,
                   was
                   King
                   of
                   Thessaly
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   waters
                   were
                   so
                   great
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   all
                   living
                   Creatures
                   were
                   destroyed
                   ,
                   only
                   Deucalion
                   ,
                   and
                   Pyrrha
                   his
                   Wife
                   ,
                   were
                   forced
                   for
                   the
                   safety
                   of
                   their
                   lives
                   to
                   seek
                   a
                   retreat
                   upon
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   Mount
                   Parnassus
                   .
                   When
                   the
                   Waters
                   were
                   abated
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   saw
                   themselves
                   alone
                   in
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   they
                   requested
                   the
                   Gods
                   to
                   create
                   some
                   other
                   men
                   to
                   keep
                   them
                   company
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   deprive
                   them
                   of
                   their
                   lives
                   .
                   Themis
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Justice
                   ,
                   sent
                   them
                   word
                   ,
                   that
                   their
                   desire
                   might
                   be
                   accomplished
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   did
                   but
                   cast
                   behind
                   them
                   the
                   bones
                   of
                   their
                   Grandmother
                   .
                   They
                   presently
                   imagined
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   Grandmother
                   was
                   the
                   Earth
                   ;
                   therefore
                   according
                   to
                   this
                   order
                   ,
                   they
                   gathered
                   up
                   the
                   stones
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   them
                   over
                   their
                   backs
                   :
                   Those
                   that
                   were
                   cast
                   by
                   Deucalion
                   ,
                   were
                   turned
                   into
                   men
                   ;
                   and
                   those
                   that
                   came
                   from
                   Pyrrha
                   ,
                   became
                   women
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   Stony
                   Generation
                   all
                   the
                   Earth
                   hath
                   been
                   
                   fill'd
                   .
                   This
                   Deluge
                   and
                   another
                   that
                   happened
                   in
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   Ogyges
                   King
                   of
                   Thebes
                   ,
                   are
                   the
                   most
                   remarkable
                   in
                   the
                   writings
                   of
                   the
                   Poets
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   This
                   Deucalion
                   is
                   commended
                   for
                   his
                   Piety
                   and
                   Justice
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   said
                   to
                   have
                   built
                   the
                   first
                   Temple
                   for
                   the
                   worship
                   of
                   God.
                   It
                   is
                   plain
                   by
                   the
                   circumstances
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   Poets
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   Fable
                   is
                   borrowed
                   from
                   the
                   truth
                   of
                   the
                   Scripture
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   History
                   of
                   Noah
                   ,
                   who
                   saved
                   himself
                   and
                   his
                   family
                   from
                   the
                   universal
                   Deluge
                   by
                   Gods
                   appointment
                   .
                   
                     Nicolaus
                     Damascenus
                  
                   and
                   
                     Berosus
                     Chaldeus
                  
                   ,
                   two
                   of
                   the
                   ancientest
                   Historians
                   do
                   mention
                   this
                   Deluge
                   ,
                   with
                   some
                   difference
                   from
                   the
                   Scripture
                   :
                   Moreover
                   ,
                   they
                   say
                   ,
                   That
                   the
                   Ark
                   in
                   which
                   mankind
                   was
                   saved
                   ,
                   did
                   continue
                   till
                   their
                   daies
                   upon
                   Mount
                   Barin
                   in
                   Armenia
                   ,
                   where
                   it
                   was
                   worshipped
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   in
                   requital
                   of
                   that
                   good
                   service
                   that
                   it
                   had
                   rendred
                   ,
                   as
                   because
                   of
                   those
                   Diseases
                   that
                   it
                   did
                   cure
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   miracles
                   that
                   it
                   did
                   work
                   .
                   Abidenus
                   
                   relates
                   the
                   same
                   Story
                   with
                   some
                   change
                   of
                   Names
                   .
                   This
                   is
                   an
                   infallible
                   a
                   argument
                   to
                   prove
                   the
                   Truth
                   of
                   this
                   Story
                   ,
                   seeing
                   so
                   many
                   persons
                   that
                   did
                   live
                   at
                   such
                   a
                   distance
                   one
                   from
                   another
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   had
                   scarce
                   any
                   correspondency
                   between
                   themselves
                   ,
                   but
                   none
                   with
                   the
                   Possessors
                   of
                   Moses
                   writings
                   ,
                   do
                   all
                   agree
                   in
                   one
                   Relation
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   easily
                   proved
                   ,
                   That
                   they
                   had
                   this
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   their
                   other
                   Stories
                   that
                   are
                   agreeable
                   to
                   those
                   of
                   Moses
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   Tradition
                   of
                   their
                   Forefathers
                   ,
                   as
                   Moses
                   had
                   his
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                   Apollo
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   gentile
                   Gods
                   of
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   they
                   do
                   not
                   relate
                   such
                   filthy
                   Stories
                   as
                   of
                   the
                   others
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Wisdom
                   ,
                   Physick
                   ,
                   Musick
                   ,
                   Learning
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   Arching
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   represented
                   as
                   a
                   young
                   man
                   without
                   a
                   Beard
                   ,
                   and
                   Rayes
                   of
                   light
                   about
                   his
                   Head
                   ;
                   in
                   one
                   Hand
                   was
                   a
                   Harp
                   and
                   three
                   Graces
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   a
                   Shield
                   and
                   Arrows
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   reputed
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   many
                   Eminent
                   Persons
                   ,
                   of
                   Aesculapius
                   ,
                   of
                   Eleutherus
                   ,
                   of
                   Delphus
                   ,
                   of
                   Philandrus
                   ,
                   of
                   Janus
                   ,
                   of
                   Miletus
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Arabus
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   He
                   was
                   famous
                   for
                   Oracles
                   at
                   Delphs
                   :
                   There
                   was
                   a
                   most
                   stately
                   Temple
                   ,
                   enriched
                   with
                   the
                   Gifts
                   of
                   many
                   Princes
                   dedicated
                   to
                   
                     Apollo
                     :
                     Croesus
                  
                   enriched
                   it
                   with
                   much
                   Gold
                   and
                   Silver
                   .
                   In
                   it
                   was
                   a
                   dark
                   Cave
                   ,
                   where
                   a
                   Trivet
                   of
                   Gold
                   did
                   stand
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   the
                   Pythia
                   or
                   Priest
                   of
                   Apollo
                   did
                   sit
                   .
                   When
                   the
                   Oracle
                   was
                   consulted
                   she
                   began
                   immediately
                   to
                   swell
                   and
                   foam
                   ,
                   being
                   possessed
                   with
                   an
                   evil
                   Spirit
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   give
                   an
                   answer
                   to
                   the
                   parties
                   that
                   were
                   present
                   ;
                   they
                   did
                   never
                   appear
                   with
                   empty
                   hands
                   .
                   The
                   Custom
                   was
                   ,
                   before
                   the
                   Oracle
                   was
                   questioned
                   ,
                   to
                   offer
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   Apollo
                   that
                   was
                   there
                   named
                   Ismenius
                   .
                   Now
                   the
                   Sacrifices
                   that
                   were
                   pleasing
                   to
                   him
                   were
                   Bullocks
                   ,
                   Lambs
                   ,
                   and
                   young
                   Heifers
                   :
                   The
                   Wolf
                   also
                   ,
                   the
                   Crow
                   ,
                   the
                   Swan
                   ,
                   the
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   the
                   Juniper
                   ▪
                   the
                   Lawrel
                   ,
                   the
                   Olive
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Hyacinth
                   were
                   consecrated
                   to
                   him
                   .
                   Some
                   do
                   say
                   ,
                   That
                   under
                   the
                   Trivet
                   hath
                   been
                   seen
                   a
                   Dragon
                   ,
                   
                   that
                   did
                   give
                   Answers
                   to
                   the
                   Petitioners
                   .
                   In
                   several
                   places
                   he
                   did
                   give
                   Oracles
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   most
                   noted
                   was
                   Delphs
                   a
                   City
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Poets
                   report
                   ,
                   That
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   being
                   desirous
                   to
                   know
                   where
                   the
                   middle
                   was
                   ,
                   let
                   fly
                   two
                   Eagles
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   instant
                   ,
                   the
                   one
                   from
                   the
                   East
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   from
                   the
                   West
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   both
                   met
                   at
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Delphs
                   :
                   Therefore
                   in
                   remembrance
                   of
                   this
                   ,
                   a
                   Golden
                   Eagle
                   was
                   laid
                   up
                   in
                   the
                   Temple
                   and
                   consecrated
                   to
                   Apollo
                   .
                
                 
                   During
                   his
                   Disgrace
                   he
                   assisted
                   Alcathous
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   Laomedon
                   ,
                   to
                   build
                   his
                   Labyrinth
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   had
                   fixed
                   a
                   stone
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   his
                   Harp
                   being
                   laid
                   ,
                   it
                   gave
                   unto
                   it
                   the
                   wonderful
                   virtue
                   of
                   
                   sounding
                   melodious
                   Tunes
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   was
                   touch'd
                   with
                   any
                   hard
                   Instrument
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Romans
                   erected
                   several
                   Altars
                   to
                   this
                   God
                   ,
                   distinguished
                   by
                   many
                   Names
                   .
                   There
                   was
                   one
                   to
                   
                     Apollo
                     Coelispex
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   another
                   to
                   
                     Apollo
                     Medicus
                  
                   :
                   And
                   when
                   Augustus
                   got
                   the
                   Victory
                   of
                   Antonius
                   and
                   Cleopatra
                   ,
                   he
                   built
                   a
                   Temple
                   to
                   
                     Apollo
                     Palatinus
                  
                   ,
                   called
                   also
                   
                     Actiacus
                     Navalis
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Paraetonius
                   :
                   The
                   Doors
                   were
                   of
                   Ivory
                   ,
                   and
                   Gold
                   ,
                   and
                   within
                   were
                   many
                   Statues
                   of
                   Gold
                   and
                   Silver
                   ;
                   it
                   was
                   also
                   enriched
                   with
                   the
                   Spoils
                   of
                   the
                   Enemy
                   .
                   There
                   was
                   also
                   in
                   
                     Rome
                     Apollo
                     ,
                     Sandaliarius
                     ,
                     Sosianus
                     ,
                     Tortor
                     ,
                     Thuscanicus
                     .
                  
                   They
                   did
                   solemnize
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   him
                   publick
                   Playes
                   called
                   
                     Ludi
                     Apollinares
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   *
                   Aesculapius
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   ,
                   begotten
                   of
                   the
                   Nymph
                   Coronis
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   she
                   had
                   admitted
                   another
                   to
                   her
                   Bed
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   was
                   big
                   with
                   Child
                   of
                   Diana
                   ,
                   some
                   say
                   Apollo
                   kill'd
                   her
                   with
                   an
                   Arrow
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   saved
                   the
                   Child
                   by
                   cutting
                   it
                   out
                   of
                   her
                   Womb.
                   The
                   truth
                   is
                   ,
                   This
                   Aesculapius
                   
                   was
                   a
                   poor
                   Infant
                   cast
                   away
                   and
                   laid
                   in
                   a
                   Wood
                   near
                   Epidaurus
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   cruel
                   Parents
                   that
                   were
                   ashamed
                   to
                   own
                   it
                   .
                   Some
                   Huntsmen
                   fortunately
                   found
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   seeing
                   a
                   lighted
                   flame
                   a●out
                   the
                   Head
                   ,
                   they
                   look'd
                   upon
                   it
                   as
                   a
                   prognostick
                   of
                   the
                   Child
                   's
                   future
                   Greatness
                   ;
                   it
                   was
                   therefore
                   delivered
                   by
                   them
                   to
                   a
                   Nurse
                   named
                   Trigo
                   ;
                   the
                   Poets
                   say
                   a
                   Goat
                   gave
                   him
                   suck
                   ,
                   he
                   studied
                   Physick
                   under
                   Chiron
                   the
                   Centaure
                   :
                   He
                   proved
                   so
                   excellent
                   a
                   proficient
                   in
                   this
                   kind
                   of
                   Learning
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   generally
                   esteemed
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Physick
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Tetrapolis
                   ,
                   belonging
                   to
                   the
                   Ionians
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   Temple
                   full
                   of
                   rare
                   Gifts
                   ,
                   offered
                   by
                   those
                   that
                   did
                   ascribe
                   their
                   Recoveries
                   from
                   sickness
                   to
                   the
                   Power
                   of
                   Aesculapius
                   .
                   The
                   walls
                   also
                   were
                   covered
                   and
                   hung
                   with
                   the
                   memorials
                   of
                   the
                   miracles
                   done
                   by
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Romans
                   sent
                   for
                   him
                   from
                   Epidaurus
                   
                   when
                   their
                   City
                   was
                   troubled
                   with
                   the
                   Plague
                   .
                   They
                   say
                   that
                   the
                   Serpent
                   that
                   was
                   Worshipped
                   there
                   for
                   Aesculapius
                   did
                   follow
                   the
                   Ambassadors
                   of
                   its
                   own
                   accord
                   to
                   the
                   Ship
                   that
                   transported
                   it
                   to
                   Rome
                   ;
                   Where
                   it
                   was
                   placed
                   in
                   a
                   Temple
                   built
                   in
                   the
                   Isle
                   called
                   Tiberina
                   .
                   The
                   sick
                   people
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   lie
                   in
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   found
                   themselves
                   no
                   better
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   scold
                   at
                   Aesculapius
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   was
                   painted
                   as
                   an
                   old
                   man
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   Beard
                   ,
                   Crowned
                   with
                   a
                   branch
                   of
                   a
                   Bay-tree
                   ,
                   in
                   his
                   Hand
                   was
                   a
                   staff
                   full
                   of
                   knots
                   ,
                   about
                   which
                   a
                   Serpent
                   had
                   twisted
                   it self
                   ;
                   at
                   his
                   Feet
                   did
                   stand
                   a
                   Dog
                   or
                   an
                   Owle
                   .
                   These
                   particulars
                   were
                   Representations
                   and
                   Hierogliphicks
                   of
                   the
                   Qualities
                   
                   of
                   a
                   good
                   Physician
                   :
                   Who
                   must
                   be
                   as
                   cunning
                   as
                   a
                   Serpent
                   ,
                   as
                   vigilant
                   as
                   a
                   Dog
                   ,
                   as
                   full
                   of
                   Experience
                   as
                   an
                   old
                   Senior
                   ,
                   to
                   handle
                   such
                   a
                   difficult
                   and
                   troublesome
                   staff
                   as
                   Physick
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   reported
                   of
                   Dionysius
                   of
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   cast
                   a
                   good
                   jest
                   upon
                   Aesculapius
                   to
                   cloak
                   his
                   Sacriledge
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   he
                   came
                   into
                   a
                   Temple
                   where
                   the
                   Statues
                   of
                   Apollo
                   and
                   Aesculapius
                   were
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   of
                   Aesculapius
                   had
                   a
                   grave
                   Beard
                   of
                   massive
                   Gold
                   ,
                   he
                   told
                   him
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   not
                   just
                   he
                   should
                   have
                   a
                   Beard
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   Apollo
                   his
                   Father
                   should
                   have
                   none
                   :
                   therefore
                   he
                   caused
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   taken
                   away
                   ,
                   and
                   melted
                   for
                   his
                   use
                   .
                
                 
                   Vnto
                   this
                   God
                   they
                   did
                   dedicate
                   the
                   Serpent
                   ,
                   the
                   Raven
                   ,
                   the
                   Goat
                   ,
                   the
                   Dog
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Dragon
                   :
                   And
                   for
                   his
                   sake
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Epidaurus
                   ,
                   the
                   Grecians
                   did
                   celebrate
                   Playes
                   every
                   five
                   years
                   ,
                   nine
                   daies
                   after
                   the
                   Isthmian
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   VI.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   History
                   of
                   Diana
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   Goddess
                   hath
                   three
                   names
                   ,
                   either
                   because
                   of
                   three
                   Offices
                   that
                   are
                   attributed
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   or
                   because
                   the
                   Poets
                   do
                   confound
                   three
                   Divnities
                   in
                   one
                   :
                   She
                   hath
                   been
                   represented
                   with
                   three
                   Heads
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   she
                   was
                   called
                   
                     Triple
                     Hec●te
                  
                   :
                   In
                   the
                   Heaven
                   she
                   is
                   Luna
                   ,
                   the
                   Moon
                   :
                   In
                   the
                   Earth
                   Diana
                   :
                   And
                   in
                   Hell
                   Pros●rpina
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   First
                   ,
                   as
                   she
                   is
                   the
                   Moon
                   she
                   is
                   called
                   Phoebe
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   her
                   Brother
                   Phoebus
                   from
                   whom
                   she
                   borrows
                   her
                   Light
                   :
                   She
                   is
                   also
                   named
                   Cynthia
                   and
                   Delia
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   place
                   of
                   her
                   Nativity
                   .
                   She
                   grew
                   amorous
                   of
                   the
                   Shepheard
                   Endymion
                   ,
                   that
                   Jupiter
                   had
                   condemned
                   to
                   a
                   perpetual
                   sleep
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   too
                   familiar
                   with
                   Juno
                   his
                   Wife
                   .
                   Diana
                   hid
                   him
                   from
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   in
                   a
                   Mountain
                   .
                   The
                   truth
                   is
                   ,
                   That
                   Endymion
                   did
                   study
                   very
                   much
                   the
                   motions
                   of
                   the
                   Moon
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   that
                   end
                   he
                   was
                   wont
                   to
                   pass
                   the
                   nights
                   in
                   the
                   retired
                   places
                   ,
                   to
                   behold
                   her
                   with
                   less
                   interruption
                   .
                   The
                   Sorcerers
                   of
                   Thessaly
                   did
                   boast
                   to
                   have
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   drawing
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Earth
                   by
                   their
                   Charms
                   .
                   They
                   imagined
                   that
                   she
                   did
                   come
                   here
                   below
                   to
                   walk
                   amongst
                   us
                   when
                   she
                   did
                   disappear
                   to
                   our
                   eye-sight
                   by
                   an
                   Eclipse
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   is
                   also
                   called
                   Diana
                   upon
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   she
                   is
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Woods
                   ,
                   of
                   Mountains
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Huntsmen
                   :
                   Therefore
                   she
                   is
                   always
                   painted
                   armed
                   with
                   Bow
                   and
                   Arrows
                   ,
                   and
                   threescore
                   Maids
                   or
                   Nymphs
                   in
                   her
                   train
                   .
                   She
                   had
                   some
                   Office
                   when
                   Women
                   were
                   
                   brought
                   to
                   Bed
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   she
                   was
                   named
                   Lucina
                   .
                   She
                   did
                   alwayes
                   keep
                   her
                   Virginity
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   would
                   never
                   suffer
                   any
                   thing
                   to
                   the
                   prejudice
                   of
                   her
                   Honour
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   reason
                   she
                   did
                   severely
                   punish
                   the
                   rashness
                   of
                   the
                   Hunter
                   Acteon
                   ,
                   who
                   having
                   met
                   her
                   with
                   her
                   followers
                   ,
                   he
                   beheld
                   her
                   with
                   too
                   much
                   curiosity
                   whiles
                   she
                   was
                   washing
                   her self
                   .
                   She
                   
                   was
                   not
                   content
                   to
                   load
                   him
                   with
                   reproaches
                   ,
                   but
                   changed
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   Deer
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   his
                   Dogs
                   not
                   knowing
                   him
                   for
                   their
                   Master
                   they
                   tore
                   him
                   in
                   pieces
                   .
                   At
                   Ephesus
                   was
                   her
                   chief
                   Temple
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Wonders
                   of
                   the
                   World.
                   Erostratus
                   set
                   it
                   on
                   fire
                   that
                   his
                   name
                   might
                   be
                   rendred
                   famous
                   ,
                   having
                   no
                   other
                   means
                   to
                   get
                   renown
                   but
                   by
                   this
                   wicked
                   deed
                   .
                   The
                   Ephesians
                   did
                   command
                   that
                   none
                   should
                   offer
                   to
                   mention
                   his
                   name
                   upon
                   pain
                   of
                   Dealth
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   remarkable
                   that
                   Alexander
                   the
                   Great
                   came
                   into
                   the
                   World
                   the
                   very
                   day
                   that
                   this
                   incendy
                   or
                   burning
                   happened
                   in
                   Asia
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   was
                   the
                   custom
                   of
                   certain
                   people
                   amongst
                   the
                   Scythians
                   ,
                   named
                   Tauri
                   ,
                   upon
                   the
                   
                   Euxin-Sea
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   paid
                   their
                   homage
                   to
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   to
                   offer
                   unto
                   her
                   nothing
                   but
                   humane
                   sacrifices
                   :
                   As
                   many
                   Greeks
                   as
                   did
                   unhappily
                   make
                   Ship
                   wrack
                   upon
                   their
                   Coast
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   the
                   strangers
                   that
                   did
                   fall
                   into
                   their
                   hands
                   ,
                   were
                   condemned
                   to
                   bleed
                   upon
                   her
                   Altars
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   shall
                   see
                   more
                   at
                   large
                   in
                   the
                   Story
                   of
                   Orestes
                   .
                
                 
                   Finally
                   this
                   Goddess
                   with
                   three
                   Faces
                   was
                   Proserpina
                   in
                   Hell
                   ,
                   although
                   some
                   esteem
                   Proserpina
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Ceres
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   ravished
                   by
                   Pluto
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   went
                   abroad
                   upon
                   Mount
                   Aetna
                   in
                   Sicily
                   to
                   gather
                   flowers
                   :
                   Therefore
                   it
                   is
                   said
                   that
                   Ceres
                   her
                   Mother
                   ,
                   hearing
                   of
                   her
                   misfortune
                   ,
                   travelled
                   all
                   over
                   the
                   World
                   to
                   seek
                   after
                   her
                   :
                   And
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   taught
                   men
                   to
                   
                   Sow
                   ,
                   to
                   Manure
                   the
                   Ground
                   ,
                   to
                   Reap
                   ,
                   and
                   change
                   their
                   Food
                   of
                   Acrons
                   into
                   that
                   of
                   Bread.
                   For
                   that
                   reason
                   she
                   is
                   worshipped
                   as
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Corn.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   Diana
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Hunting
                   ,
                   Child-bearing
                   ,
                   Virginity
                   ,
                   and
                   Dancing
                   ,
                   is
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Hiperion
                   ,
                   by
                   others
                   of
                   Tartarus
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Coeus
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Aristaeus
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   plurality
                   do
                   make
                   her
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   Latona
                   :
                   Her
                   Brother
                   was
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   she
                   was
                   first
                   born
                   ,
                   the
                   Poets
                   say
                   that
                   she
                   did
                   this
                   good
                   Office
                   to
                   him
                   and
                   her
                   Mother
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   help
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   Delivered
                   of
                   him
                   in
                   a
                   Desolate
                   Island
                   where
                   no
                   Midwife
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   found
                   ;
                   therefore
                   she
                   is
                   esteemed
                   
                   a
                   Goddess
                   that
                   had
                   a
                   hand
                   in
                   bringing
                   Children
                   into
                   the
                   World.
                   She
                   always
                   kept
                   her
                   Virginity
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   is
                   represented
                   by
                   a
                   Greek
                   Poet
                   petitioning
                   Jupiter
                   .
                   
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   *
                   She
                   was
                   painted
                   with
                   her
                   Bow
                   and
                   Arrows
                   in
                   a
                   Silver
                   Chariot
                   drawn
                   by
                   two
                   white
                   Staggs
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   by
                   two
                   Horses
                   ,
                   one
                   black
                   the
                   other
                   white
                   :
                   On
                   her
                   *
                   Shoulders
                   were
                   two
                   Wings
                   to
                   express
                   her
                   swiftness
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   her
                   hands
                   were
                   a
                   Lion
                   and
                   a
                   Leopard
                   .
                   She
                   delighted
                   in
                   Hunting
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   she
                   was
                   named
                   Dyctinnis
                   ,
                   from
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   a
                   Net
                   used
                   by
                   Hunters
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   She
                   kill'd
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Pyrenes
                   the
                   Nymph
                   in
                   a
                   chaffe
                   ,
                   his
                   mother
                   hearing
                   of
                   this
                   misfortune
                   ,
                   poured
                   forth
                   such
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   tears
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Fountain
                   of
                   that
                   Name
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   because
                   she
                   was
                   a
                   Virgin
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   Lover
                   of
                   Marriage
                   ,
                   the
                   young
                   Virgins
                   that
                   had
                   a
                   mind
                   to
                   change
                   their
                   condition
                   ,
                   did
                   first
                   offer
                   Sacrifice
                   to
                   appease
                   and
                   satisfie
                   this
                   Goddess
                   :
                   And
                   when
                   their
                   Belly
                   did
                   begin
                   to
                   rise
                   so
                   high
                   that
                   their
                   Virginal
                   Girdle
                   was
                   too
                   little
                   for
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   came
                   to
                   offer
                   it
                   in
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Diana
                   :
                   From
                   hence
                   is
                   derived
                   this
                   expression
                   ,
                   
                     Zonam
                     solvere
                  
                   ,
                   which
                   signifies
                   to
                   be
                   with
                   Child
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Hunter
                   Alphaeus
                   was
                   a
                   Suter
                   to
                   Diana
                   ,
                   but
                   could
                   never
                   obtain
                   his
                   request
                   .
                   Vnto
                   her
                   were
                   sacrificed
                   Men
                   ,
                   and
                   Women
                   ,
                   Bulls
                   ,
                   Oxen
                   ,
                   Boars
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   first
                   fruits
                   of
                   the
                   Seeds
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   :
                   Which
                   because
                   King
                   Oeneus
                   neglected
                   to
                   offer
                   unto
                   her
                   ,
                   she
                   sent
                   a
                   wild
                   Boar
                   of
                   a
                   prodigious
                   bigness
                   into
                   his
                   Territories
                   ,
                   to
                   cause
                   there
                   a
                   destruction
                   ,
                   as
                   Ovid
                   tells
                   us
                   .
                   The
                   Heathens
                   
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   Virgins
                   upon
                   her
                   Altars
                   ,
                   and
                   instead
                   of
                   them
                   afterwards
                   a
                   White
                   Hart.
                   The
                   most
                   noted
                   place
                   where
                   she
                   was
                   worshipped
                   was
                   Ephesus
                   ,
                   her
                   Temple
                   there
                   was
                   built
                   and
                   contrived
                   by
                   Chersiphron
                   ,
                   and
                   inlarged
                   and
                   inriched
                   by
                   every
                   Prince
                   afterwards
                   :
                   In
                   it
                   were
                   a
                   hundred
                   twenty
                   seven
                   Pillars
                   ,
                   crected
                   by
                   so
                   many
                   Kings
                   :
                   It
                   was
                   four
                   hundred
                   twenty
                   five
                   foot
                   long
                   ,
                   and
                   two
                   hundred
                   and
                   twenty
                   foot
                   broad
                   :
                   When
                   it
                   was
                   burnt
                   by
                   Erostratus
                   but
                   the
                   Ephesians
                   rebuilt
                   it
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   Vnder
                   the
                   Protection
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   were
                   
                   the
                   Vagabonds
                   and
                   all
                   Debters
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Woods
                   .
                   Her
                   Images
                   were
                   commonly
                   placed
                   in
                   the
                   Corner
                   of
                   the
                   Streets
                   ,
                   and
                   Wayes
                   ,
                   with
                   two
                   Dogs
                   chained
                   at
                   her
                   Feet
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   called
                   
                     Trivia
                     Diana
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Some
                   say
                   that
                   Luna
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   Diana
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Hesperion
                   and
                   Thaea
                   ,
                   who
                   sorrowing
                   above
                   measure
                   for
                   her
                   dear
                   Brother
                   Sol
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   murdered
                   and
                   cast
                   into
                   the
                   Po
                   in
                   Italy
                   ,
                   she
                   drowned
                   her self
                   also
                   in
                   that
                   River
                   .
                   Sol
                   afterwards
                   appeared
                   to
                   his
                   Mother
                   in
                   a
                   Dream
                   ,
                   and
                   desired
                   her
                   not
                   to
                   weep
                   for
                   his
                   misfortune
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   obtained
                   thereby
                   immortality
                   with
                   his
                   Sister
                   .
                   This
                   Dream
                   she
                   related
                   to
                   the
                   people
                   ,
                   who
                   transferred
                   the
                   names
                   of
                   Sol
                   and
                   Luna
                   to
                   the
                   two
                   Lights
                   of
                   the
                   Heavens
                   ,
                   that
                   were
                   before
                   named
                   Fires
                   :
                   And
                   because
                   Thaea
                   did
                   in
                   a
                   frantick
                   manner
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Kettle
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   run
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   the
                   Country
                   making
                   a
                   noise
                   ,
                   they
                   performed
                   the
                   Sacrifices
                   to
                   Luna
                   with
                   the
                   noise
                   of
                   Drums
                   ,
                   Kettles
                   ,
                   Cymbals
                   ,
                   Trumpets
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   And
                   when
                   she
                   was
                   eclipsed
                   ,
                   they
                   made
                   a
                   rattling
                   in
                   the
                   Streets
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   not
                   hear
                   the
                   enchantments
                   of
                   Witches
                   ,
                   whom
                   they
                   thought
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   it
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   VII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                
                 
                   BAcchus
                   was
                   born
                   in
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Thebes
                   ,
                   his
                   Father
                   was
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   and
                   Semele
                   was
                   his
                   Mother
                   :
                   She
                   suffered
                   her self
                   while
                   she
                   
                   was
                   big
                   with
                   Child
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   deceived
                   by
                   the
                   perswasions
                   of
                   Juno
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   hate
                   all
                   the
                   Mistresses
                   of
                   her
                   Husband
                   .
                   For
                   Juno
                   disguised
                   her self
                   and
                   came
                   in
                   the
                   habit
                   of
                   an
                   old
                   Woman
                   to
                   Semele
                   ,
                   telling
                   her
                   ,
                   That
                   it
                   did
                   concern
                   both
                   her
                   interest
                   and
                   honour
                   ,
                   that
                   Jupiter
                   should
                   visit
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   as
                   he
                   did
                   Juno
                   ,
                   with
                   his
                   Thunderbolts
                   in
                   his
                   Hand
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   she
                   should
                   beg
                   from
                   him
                   this
                   favour
                   :
                   Jupiter
                   could
                   not
                   deny
                   her
                   the
                   request
                   ,
                   but
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   consumed
                   according
                   to
                   
                   Juno's
                   desire
                   .
                   The
                   Childs
                   danger
                   moved
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   who
                   presently
                   separated
                   him
                   from
                   his
                   dead
                   Mother
                   ,
                   and
                   shut
                   him
                   in
                   his
                   Thigh
                   until
                   the
                   full
                   time
                   of
                   his
                   Birth
                   was
                   expired
                   ;
                   So
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   him
                   the
                   Office
                   of
                   a
                   Mother
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   reason
                   Bacchus
                   is
                   called
                   Bimater
                   :
                   Other
                   Names
                   are
                   given
                   unto
                   him
                   as
                   
                     Dyonisius
                     ,
                     Liber
                     ,
                     Bromius
                     ,
                     Lycaeus
                     ,
                     Lenaeus
                     ,
                     Evan
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   born
                   he
                   was
                   delivered
                   to
                   Silenus
                   and
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   ,
                   some
                   say
                   to
                   Ceres
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   by
                   them
                   brought
                   up
                   ;
                   they
                   were
                   therefore
                   in
                   reward
                   of
                   their
                   good
                   Service
                   received
                   up
                   into
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   changed
                   into
                   Stars
                   called
                   now
                   Hyades
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Bacchus
                   came
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   Age
                   he
                   passed
                   through
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   and
                   made
                   War
                   upon
                   the
                   Indians
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   overcame
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   their
                   Country
                   he
                   built
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Nisa
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   first
                   that
                   did
                   introduce
                   the
                   custom
                   of
                   Triumphing
                   ;
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   he
                   did
                   wear
                   a
                   Golden
                   Diadem
                   about
                   his
                   Head.
                   
                   His
                   Chariot
                   was
                   drawn
                   by
                   Tygers
                   ,
                   his
                   Habit
                   was
                   the
                   Skin
                   of
                   a
                   Deer
                   ,
                   his
                   Scepter
                   was
                   a
                   little
                   Lance
                   ,
                   adorned
                   with
                   branches
                   of
                   Ivy
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Vine
                   .
                   He
                   invented
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   Wine
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   gave
                   to
                   the
                   Indians
                   to
                   drink
                   ,
                   at
                   first
                   they
                   imagined
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   given
                   them
                   
                   poison
                   ,
                   because
                   it
                   had
                   made
                   them
                   both
                   drunk
                   and
                   mad
                   .
                   They
                   did
                   commonly
                   sacrifice
                   unto
                   him
                   Men
                   ,
                   but
                   since
                   his
                   expedition
                   into
                   India
                   he
                   was
                   content
                   with
                   other
                   Sacrifices
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   offered
                   unto
                   him
                   afterwards
                   nothing
                   but
                   Asses
                   ,
                   and
                   Goats
                   ;
                   to
                   signifie
                   ,
                   that
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   given
                   to
                   Wine
                   ,
                   become
                   sots
                   ,
                   as
                   Asses
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   lascivious
                   ,
                   as
                   Goats
                   .
                   Bacchus
                   was
                   brought
                   up
                   with
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   ,
                   that
                   teacheth
                   us
                   that
                   we
                   must
                   mix
                   Water
                   with
                   our
                   Wine
                   .
                   He
                   never
                   had
                   other
                   Priests
                   but
                   the
                   Satyrs
                   ,
                   and
                   women
                   because
                   the
                   latter
                   had
                   followed
                   him
                   in
                   great
                   Companies
                   in
                   his
                   Journeys
                   ,
                   crying
                   ,
                   singing
                   ,
                   and
                   dancing
                   continually
                   :
                   Therefore
                   they
                   were
                   named
                   
                     Bacchanales
                     ,
                     Mimallones
                     ,
                     Lenae
                     ,
                     Bassarides
                     ,
                     Thyades
                     ,
                     and
                     Menades
                     ,
                  
                   names
                   that
                   express
                   fury
                   and
                   madness
                   .
                   The
                   greatest
                   solemnities
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   this
                   God
                   ,
                   were
                   every
                   three
                   years
                   ,
                   called
                   therefore
                   Trieteria
                   ,
                   or
                   Orgia
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   word
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   which
                   signifies
                   a
                   transport
                   of
                   anger
                   ,
                   because
                   these
                   mad
                   Women
                   clothed
                   themselves
                   wiih
                   skins
                   of
                   Tygers
                   ,
                   Panthers
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   their
                   hair
                   hanging
                   down
                   they
                   did
                   run
                   over
                   the
                   Mountains
                   with
                   lighted
                   Torches
                   in
                   their
                   Hands
                   ,
                   crying
                   aloud
                   ,
                   
                     Eu
                     hoe
                     Evan
                     ,
                     Eu
                     hoe
                     Bacche
                     ,
                  
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   Good
                   Son
                   ,
                   a
                   name
                   given
                   to
                   him
                   by
                   Jupiter
                   when
                   in
                   the
                   
                   War
                   with
                   the
                   Gyants
                   ,
                   this
                   Bacchus
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Lion
                   ,
                   ran
                   violently
                   upon
                   the
                   first
                   and
                   tore
                   him
                   in
                   pieces
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Bacchus
                   was
                   usually
                   painted
                   with
                   a
                   Miter
                   upon
                   his
                   Head
                   ,
                   an
                   Ornament
                   proper
                   to
                   Women
                   ,
                   or
                   with
                   a
                   bald
                   Pate
                   ,
                   which
                   signifies
                   the
                   effect
                   of
                   the
                   excess
                   of
                   Wine
                   .
                   He
                   had
                   a
                   Sickle
                   in
                   one
                   Hand
                   ,
                   a
                   Pitcher
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Garland
                   of
                   R●ses
                   upon
                   his
                   Head.
                   He
                   did
                   always
                   appear
                   young
                   ,
                   because
                   Wine
                   moderately
                   taken
                   purifies
                   the
                   blood
                   ,
                   and
                   keeps
                   the
                   Body
                   in
                   a
                   youthful
                   strength
                   and
                   colour
                   .
                   His
                   Temple
                   was
                   next
                   to
                   
                   
                   Minerva's
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   how
                   useful
                   Wine
                   is
                   to
                   revive
                   the
                   Spirits
                   ,
                   and
                   enable
                   our
                   Fancy
                   to
                   Invent
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   reason
                   the
                   Heathens
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   quick-sighted
                   Dragon
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   chattering
                   Py
                   was
                   also
                   sacred
                   to
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                   because
                   Wine
                   doth
                   cause
                   us
                   to
                   prattle
                   more
                   than
                   is
                   convenient
                   .
                   His
                   Sacrifices
                   were
                   usually
                   performed
                   in
                   the
                   Evening
                   and
                   at
                   night
                   :
                   And
                   it
                   is
                   reported
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   carried
                   the
                   Torch
                   before
                   Proserpina
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   was
                   led
                   to
                   be
                   married
                   to
                   Pluto
                   the
                   infernal
                   God.
                   
                
                 
                   Juno
                   could
                   never
                   endure
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   labour'd
                   to
                   drive
                   him
                   out
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   banish
                   him
                   from
                   all
                   Society
                   ;
                   he
                   fled
                   from
                   her
                   fury
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   resting
                   himself
                   
                   under
                   a
                   Tree
                   ,
                   a
                   Serpent
                   named
                   Amphisboena
                   bit
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   kill'd
                   it
                   with
                   a
                   Vine
                   branch
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   a
                   mortal
                   poison
                   to
                   some
                   Serpents
                   .
                   Juno
                   continued
                   her
                   hatred
                   for
                   him
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   her
                   Husbands
                   Bastard
                   ,
                   until
                   she
                   
                   cast
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   fit
                   of
                   madness
                   ,
                   which
                   made
                   him
                   undertake
                   an
                   expedition
                   against
                   the
                   Indians
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   over
                   all
                   the
                   East
                   Countries
                   :
                   Lusus
                   was
                   his
                   companion
                   ,
                   from
                   him
                   Portugal
                   is
                   called
                   Lusitania
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   truth
                   is
                   Liber
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   called
                   Dionysius
                   ,
                   or
                   Osiris
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   ,
                   was
                   a
                   King
                   of
                   Nysa
                   a
                   City
                   in
                   
                     Arabia
                     Felix
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   taught
                   his
                   people
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   inhabitants
                   of
                   the
                   adjoyning
                   Countries
                   many
                   useful
                   Arts
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   ordering
                   of
                   the
                   Vine
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   preserving
                   of
                   Bees
                   :
                   He
                   established
                   several
                   good
                   Laws
                   ;
                   he
                   is
                   therefore
                   called
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   .
                   He
                   perswaded
                   the
                   people
                   to
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   their
                   Gods.
                   He
                   was
                   therefore
                   mightily
                   honoured
                   by
                   all
                   civil
                   Nations
                   :
                   The
                   Graecians
                   established
                   several
                   Festival
                   daies
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   him
                   ;
                   the
                   chief
                   are
                   their
                   Trieteria
                   ,
                   kept
                   every
                   three
                   years
                   in
                   remembrance
                   of
                   his
                   Indian
                   Expedition
                   ,
                   performed
                   in
                   that
                   space
                   of
                   time
                   ,
                   their
                   Apaturia
                   ,
                   their
                   Phallica
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Lenaea
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   the
                   Spring
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   
                   bless
                   their
                   Vines
                   .
                   This
                   latter
                   Festival
                   was
                   named
                   Orgia
                   ,
                   because
                   his
                   Proselytes
                   did
                   express
                   in
                   it
                   nothing
                   but
                   fury
                   and
                   madness
                   ,
                   although
                   this
                   name
                   is
                   sometime
                   taken
                   for
                   all
                   other
                   Festivals
                   .
                   The
                   Romans
                   had
                   appointed
                   the
                   Ascolia
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   time
                   they
                   carried
                   the
                   Statues
                   of
                   this
                   God
                   about
                   their
                   Vineyards
                   ,
                   
                   as
                   the
                   Papists
                   do
                   beyond
                   Sea
                   their
                   Host
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Priest's
                   God
                   about
                   their
                   Fields
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   bless
                   the
                   fruits
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   the
                   procession
                   of
                   Bacchus
                   did
                   return
                   to
                   his
                   Altar
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   they
                   raised
                   the
                   consecrated
                   Victime
                   
                   upon
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   a
                   Lance
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   burn
                   it
                   to
                   the
                   honour
                   of
                   Bacchus
                   ;
                   besides
                   they
                   took
                   his
                   Statues
                   and
                   Images
                   and
                   did
                   hang
                   them
                   upon
                   high
                   Trees
                   ,
                   imagining
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   contribute
                   to
                   the
                   increase
                   of
                   the
                   Grapes
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Wine
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   the
                   Beasts
                   that
                   were
                   dedicated
                   to
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                   were
                   the
                   Goats
                   ,
                   the
                   Dragons
                   ;
                   the
                   Aegyptians
                   offered
                   Sows
                   .
                   The
                   Trees
                   consecrated
                   to
                   him
                   were
                   the
                   Ivy-tree
                   ,
                   the
                   Oak
                   ,
                   the
                   Fig
                   ,
                   the
                   Vine
                   ,
                   the
                   Smilax
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Fir-tree
                   .
                   It
                   was
                   the
                   Custom
                   that
                   all
                   those
                   that
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                   did
                   approach
                   his
                   Altars
                   with
                   a
                   Branch
                   or
                   a
                   Crown
                   of
                   that
                   Tree
                   in
                   their
                   hands
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   offered
                   unto
                   him
                   .
                   Bacchus
                   was
                   sometimes
                   seen
                   with
                   a
                   Garland
                   of
                   Daffadil
                   or
                   Narcissus
                   about
                   his
                   head
                   .
                   His
                   Priests
                   were
                   Women
                   painted
                   in
                   frightful
                   shapes
                   ,
                   with
                   Snakes
                   for
                   their
                   Girdles
                   ,
                   and
                   Serpents
                   twisted
                   about
                   their
                   hair
                   to
                   represent
                   their
                   cruelty
                   :
                   for
                   when
                   they
                   did
                   perform
                   the
                   solemnity
                   of
                   this
                   God
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   run
                   with
                   lighted
                   Tapers
                   and
                   Swords
                   in
                   their
                   hands
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   sometimes
                   destroy
                   one
                   another
                   ,
                   as
                   Agave
                   did
                   her
                   Son
                   Pentheus
                   ,
                   who
                   despised
                   Bacchus
                   and
                   his
                   Sacrifices
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   God
                   did
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Poets
                   tell
                   us
                   ,
                   punish
                   all
                   those
                   persons
                   that
                   did
                   neglect
                   or
                   oppose
                   his
                   Worship
                   .
                   Alcethous
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Batt
                   ,
                   
                   because
                   he
                   would
                   not
                   Sacrifice
                   to
                   him
                   .
                   And
                   the
                   Pyrats
                   of
                   Tyre
                   ,
                   that
                   stole
                   him
                   with
                   an
                   intent
                   to
                   abuse
                   him
                   ,
                   were
                   changed
                   into
                   Dolphins
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   they
                   had
                   brought
                   him
                   on
                   Ship-board
                   ,
                   he
                   forced
                   them
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   in
                   the
                   shape
                   of
                   a
                   furious
                   Lyon.
                   
                
                 
                 
                   
                   
                     T.
                     Livius
                  
                   relates
                   a
                   strange
                   story
                   of
                   the
                   Festivals
                   of
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                   in
                   Rome
                   introduced
                   by
                   a
                   Fortune-teller
                   of
                   Greece
                   .
                   Three
                   times
                   in
                   a
                   year
                   the
                   Women
                   of
                   all
                   qualities
                   did
                   meet
                   in
                   a
                   Grove
                   called
                   Simila
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   did
                   act
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Villany
                   ,
                   those
                   that
                   did
                   appear
                   most
                   reserved
                   were
                   sacreficed
                   to
                   Bacchus
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   cryes
                   of
                   the
                   murdered
                   and
                   ravished
                   Creatures
                   might
                   not
                   be
                   heard
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   howl
                   ,
                   sing
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   with
                   lighted
                   Torches
                   :
                   When
                   the
                   Senate
                   was
                   acquainted
                   with
                   these
                   night
                   meetings
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   filthy
                   practises
                   ,
                   they
                   banished
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   Italy
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   VIII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Mercurius
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   HE
                   was
                   esteemed
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   remarkable
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   for
                   the
                   Nobility
                   of
                   his
                   Birth
                   ,
                   as
                   for
                   divers
                   Offices
                   attributed
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   are
                   very
                   pleasantly
                   described
                   in
                   the
                   tenth
                   Ode
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   Book
                   of
                   Horace
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   Maia
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Atlas
                   ,
                   who
                   bears
                   up
                   the
                   Heavens
                   with
                   his
                   Shoulders
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   born
                   upon
                   the
                   Mountain
                   Cyllene
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   in
                   Arcadia
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   ordinary
                   Office
                   was
                   Ambassador
                   and
                   Interpreter
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   in
                   this
                   quality
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   Wings
                   at
                   his
                   Heels
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   his
                   Head
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   his
                   Hand
                   a
                   Caduceus
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   a
                   Rod
                   with
                   two
                   Serpents
                   twisting
                   about
                   it
                   their
                   Tails
                   ,
                   in
                   
                   token
                   of
                   peace
                   and
                   amity
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   thought
                   that
                   Mercurius
                   is
                   the
                   discourse
                   which
                   interprets
                   our
                   mind
                   and
                   thoughts
                   ,
                   it
                   flies
                   as
                   he
                   did
                   ,
                   for
                   there
                   is
                   nothing
                   more
                   quick
                   and
                   speedy
                   than
                   the
                   discourse
                   ,
                   which
                   hath
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   gaining
                   and
                   uniting
                   hearts
                   .
                
                 
                   Another
                   of
                   his
                   Offices
                   was
                   to
                   shew
                   the
                   ways
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   guide
                   the
                   deceased
                   Souls
                   into
                   hell
                   ;
                   therefore
                   the
                   Poets
                   do
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   none
                   can
                   die
                   until
                   Mercurius
                   comes
                   with
                   his
                   Rod
                   to
                   break
                   the
                   tye
                   that
                   unites
                   the
                   soul
                   to
                   the
                   body
                   .
                   When
                   these
                   souls
                   have
                   passed
                   many
                   years
                   in
                   the
                   Elysean
                   Fields
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   that
                   they
                   have
                   drunk
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   Lethe
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   shall
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   following
                   Chapters
                   ,
                   the
                   same
                   Mercurius
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   virtue
                   of
                   his
                   Rod
                   ,
                   doth
                   cause
                   them
                   to
                   pass
                   into
                   other
                   bodies
                   to
                   live
                   again
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   judgment
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   believe
                   the
                   Metempsycosis
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   invented
                   the
                   Lute
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   kind
                   of
                   Harp
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   presented
                   to
                   Apollo
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   also
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Eloquence
                   ,
                   it
                   did
                   serve
                   him
                   mightily
                   in
                   his
                   Embassies
                   and
                   Negotiations
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   also
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Thieves
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   a
                   very
                   subtil
                   Thief
                   himself
                   ,
                   as
                   may
                   appear
                   by
                   what
                   he
                   did
                   to
                   Apollo
                   when
                   he
                   fed
                   the
                   sheep
                   of
                   King
                   Admetus
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   stole
                   from
                   him
                   a
                   great
                   many
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   not
                   discovered
                   by
                   any
                   but
                   only
                   by
                   the
                   Shepherd
                   Battus
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   changed
                   afterwards
                   into
                   a
                   Rock
                   by
                   Mercurius
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   reveal
                   him
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   his
                   promise
                   to
                   the
                   contrary
                   .
                
                 
                   Mercurius
                   had
                   one
                   Son
                   by
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Venus
                   
                   his
                   Sister
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   named
                   Hermaphrodite
                   :
                   This
                   Child
                   happened
                   to
                   meet
                   with
                   the
                   Nymph
                   Salmacis
                   at
                   a
                   Fountain
                   ;
                   the
                   Gods
                   at
                   her
                   earnest
                   request
                   made
                   of
                   both
                   their
                   bodies
                   but
                   One
                   ,
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   both
                   Sexes
                   were
                   conserved
                   entire
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   the
                   Poets
                   do
                   give
                   us
                   to
                   understand
                   the
                   union
                   that
                   should
                   be
                   between
                   married
                   persons
                   ;
                   they
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   but
                   one
                   body
                   ,
                   and
                   one
                   heart
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   say
                   that
                   this
                   Mercurius
                   made
                   Daedalus
                   so
                   excellent
                   an
                   Architect
                   ,
                   and
                   taught
                   him
                   so
                   many
                   rare
                   inventions
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   rendred
                   him
                   famous
                   all
                   over
                   the
                   World.
                   This
                   Daedalus
                   left
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Athens
                   to
                   offer
                   his
                   service
                   to
                   King
                   Minos
                   in
                   the
                   Isle
                   of
                   Crete
                   ,
                   or
                   Candia
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   built
                   the
                   Labyrinth
                   with
                   so
                   much
                   art
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   so
                   many
                   windings
                   ,
                   that
                   those
                   that
                   did
                   enter
                   in
                   could
                   scarce
                   get
                   out
                   again
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   shut
                   into
                   it
                   himself
                   ,
                   with
                   his
                   Son
                   Icarus
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   offended
                   the
                   King
                   ;
                   but
                   he
                   made
                   wings
                   for
                   himself
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Son
                   ,
                   to
                   fly
                   through
                   the
                   air
                   out
                   of
                   prison
                   .
                   All
                   things
                   succeeded
                   well
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   for
                   Icarus
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   ventured
                   too
                   near
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   the
                   admonition
                   of
                   his
                   experienced
                   Father
                   ,
                   the
                   Wax
                   that
                   did
                   unite
                   his
                   Wings
                   to
                   his
                   shoulders
                   melted
                   by
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   beams
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   fell
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   which
                   since
                   bears
                   his
                   Name
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Mercurius
                   was
                   admired
                   for
                   his
                   nimbleness
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   expressed
                   in
                   several
                   occasions
                   ;
                   when
                   he
                   stole
                   from
                   Mars
                   his
                   Sword
                   ,
                   from
                   Vulcan
                   a
                   
                   pair
                   of
                   Tongs
                   ,
                   from
                   Apollo
                   his
                   Arrows
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   from
                   Venus
                   her
                   girdle
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   Neptunus
                   his
                   Trident
                   :
                   He
                   had
                   also
                   undertaken
                   to
                   convey
                   away
                   the
                   Thunderbolts
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   fear
                   of
                   his
                   displeasure
                   hindred
                   him
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   much
                   reverenced
                   by
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   
                   worship
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   a
                   Dog
                   ,
                   called
                   Anubis
                   ;
                   and
                   by
                   the
                   Gauls
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   cause
                   several
                   men
                   to
                   bleed
                   at
                   his
                   Altars
                   :
                   It
                   is
                   reported
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   taught
                   the
                   Arts
                   and
                   Sciences
                   in
                   Egypt
                   :
                   It
                   is
                   probable
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   famous
                   Trismegistus
                   ,
                   
                   who
                   flourished
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   Ages
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   was
                   worshipped
                   under
                   this
                   name
                   of
                   Mercurius
                   .
                   As
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Eloquence
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   consecrate
                   unto
                   him
                   Tongues
                   :
                   His
                   Statue
                   was
                   usually
                   placed
                   in
                   the
                   Market
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   is
                   called
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   painted
                   with
                   yellow
                   hair
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   purse
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   to
                   intimate
                   the
                   advantage
                   we
                   may
                   expect
                   by
                   diligence
                   and
                   learning
                   .
                
                 
                   Mercurius
                   was
                   also
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Merchants
                   ,
                   of
                   Shepherds
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Dreams
                   ;
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   received
                   from
                   him
                   their
                   Arts
                   and
                   Sciences
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   they
                   did
                   honour
                   him
                   more
                   than
                   other
                   people
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   painted
                   with
                   the
                   characters
                   of
                   an
                   ingenious
                   man
                   ,
                   because
                   that
                   they
                   prove
                   very
                   ingenious
                   that
                   are
                   born
                   when
                   the
                   Star
                   of
                   Mercurius
                   g
                   verns
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   named
                   Cyllenicus
                   from
                   the
                   Mountain
                   Cyllene
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   bred
                   and
                   born
                   ;
                   and
                   Camillus
                   ,
                   which
                   signifies
                   an
                   Officer
                   ;
                   
                   his
                   Statues
                   was
                   placed
                   in
                   the
                   ways
                   unto
                   which
                   they
                   did
                   offer
                   their
                   first
                   fruits
                   ;
                   he
                   and
                   Minerva
                   were
                   worshipped
                   in
                   one
                   Temple
                   together
                   ;
                   
                   the
                   Greeks
                   placed
                   his
                   Image
                   over
                   the
                   door
                   of
                   their
                   houses
                   ,
                   because
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Thieves
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   best
                   able
                   to
                   protect
                   the
                   house
                   from
                   their
                   violence
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   Image
                   was
                   sometimes
                   made
                   as
                   that
                   of
                   
                     Hercules
                     Gallicus
                  
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   by
                   Caesar
                   ,
                   out
                   of
                   whose
                   mouth
                   came
                   forth
                   chains
                   of
                   gold
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   joyned
                   to
                   the
                   ears
                   of
                   several
                   little
                   men
                   that
                   stood
                   at
                   his
                   feet
                   :
                   This
                   expresseth
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   Eloquence
                   ,
                   that
                   enslaves
                   and
                   governs
                   the
                   Auditors
                   ,
                   and
                   makes
                   men
                   more
                   able
                   to
                   command
                   than
                   strength
                   and
                   valour
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   IX
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Venus
                   .
                
                 
                   VVE
                   have
                   already
                   mentioned
                   her
                   birth
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   Chapter
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   other
                   Poets
                   do
                   tell
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Dione
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   was
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Love
                   and
                   Pleasures
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   her
                   extraordinary
                   beauty
                   :
                   Her
                   Chariot
                   was
                   drag'd
                   only
                   by
                   Swans
                   and
                   Pidgeons
                   ,
                   lascivious
                   birds
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   places
                   where
                   she
                   was
                   most
                   adored
                   were
                   
                     Amathus
                     ,
                     Cythera
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Paphos
                   ,
                   pleasant
                   Mountains
                   in
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Cyprus
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   had
                   several
                   children
                   ;
                   Hymeneus
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Marriages
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   her
                   Sons
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   three
                   Charities
                   or
                   Graces
                   were
                   her
                   Daughters
                   that
                   kept
                   her
                   company
                   :
                   She
                   was
                   also
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   the
                   two
                   Cupi●'s
                   ,
                   Gods
                   of
                   
                   Love
                   ;
                   the
                   one
                   was
                   honest
                   ,
                   the
                   other
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   unlawful
                   and
                   carnal
                   pleasures
                   ;
                   he
                   had
                   wings
                   upon
                   his
                   back
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Quiver
                   full
                   of
                   sharp
                   and
                   burning
                   Arrows
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   he
                   did
                   enflame
                   and
                   heat
                   the
                   hearts
                   .
                   The
                   infamous
                   Priapus
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   in
                   Holy
                   Writ
                   ,
                   did
                   also
                   acknowledge
                   her
                   for
                   his
                   Mother
                   :
                   Unto
                   this
                   God
                   no
                   other
                   beast
                   was
                   offered
                   but
                   the
                   Ass
                   ;
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   so
                   often
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   Latin
                   Poets
                   ,
                   was
                   another
                   of
                   the
                   Sons
                   of
                   Venus
                   ;
                   and
                   although
                   this
                   shameful
                   Divinity
                   was
                   like
                   a
                   Bitch
                   prostituted
                   to
                   every
                   one
                   ,
                   she
                   had
                   the
                   God
                   Vulcan
                   for
                   her
                   Husband
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   she
                   never
                   had
                   any
                   Children
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   In
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Rome
                   several
                   Temples
                   were
                   built
                   to
                   Venus
                   :
                   There
                   was
                   one
                   to
                   
                     Venus
                     Erycina
                  
                   ,
                   where
                   was
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   
                     Amor
                     Laetheus
                  
                   ,
                   dipping
                   his
                   Arrows
                   in
                   a
                   River
                   ;
                   another
                   to
                   
                     Venus
                     Libitina
                  
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Vrns
                   and
                   Coffins
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   considerable
                   of
                   Rome
                   were
                   placed
                   and
                   kept
                   .
                   Another
                   to
                   
                     Venus
                     Verticordia
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   also
                   called
                   
                     Dea
                     Viriplaca
                  
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Women
                   did
                   appear
                   with
                   their
                   Husbands
                   when
                   there
                   was
                   and
                   difference
                   between
                   them
                   ,
                   to
                   find
                   some
                   way
                   of
                   reconciliation
                   .
                   After
                   the
                   ceremonies
                   appointed
                   for
                   that
                   good
                   office
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   return
                   to
                   their
                   home
                   with
                   that
                   satisfaction
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   seek
                   ,
                   there
                   were
                   several
                   other
                   Images
                   and
                   Names
                   of
                   Venus
                   .
                   There
                   was
                   in
                   
                     Rome
                     Venus
                     Calvata
                  
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   bald
                   pate
                   ,
                   
                     Venus
                     Barbata
                  
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   beard
                   ,
                   falling
                   down
                   to
                   her
                   Navel
                   ,
                   
                     Venus
                     Cloacina
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Cluacina
                   .
                   In
                   Greece
                   the
                   Lacedemonians
                   erected
                   
                   
                   a
                   Statue
                   to
                   '
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   memory
                   of
                   that
                   famous
                   Victory
                   obtained
                   by
                   their
                   Women
                   of
                   the
                   Messenians
                   ,
                   their
                   deadly
                   enemies
                   .
                   The
                   usual
                   Sacrifices
                   were
                   
                     Doves
                     ,
                     Pidgeons
                     ,
                     Sparrows
                     ,
                     Swans
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                   The
                   Rose
                   ,
                   an
                   inducement
                   to
                   Love
                   ;
                   the
                   Myrtle
                   Tree
                   ,
                   a
                   symbol
                   of
                   Peace
                   ,
                   were
                   dedicated
                   to
                   this
                   Divinity
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   some
                   times
                   represented
                   with
                   fetters
                   at
                   her
                   feet
                   .
                
                 
                   Her
                   Children
                   were
                   many
                   ;
                   Pryapus
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Gardens
                   was
                   the
                   most
                   noted
                   ,
                   although
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   most
                   deformed
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   reported
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   Bacchus
                   came
                   from
                   
                     India
                     ,
                     Venus
                  
                   went
                   to
                   meet
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   Crown
                   him
                   with
                   Garlands
                   and
                   Roses
                   ;
                   he
                   in
                   requital
                   begot
                   on
                   her
                   this
                   mishapen
                   fellow
                   Priapus
                   ,
                   who
                   came
                   to
                   be
                   thus
                   deformed
                   by
                   the
                   inchantments
                   of
                   Juno
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   was
                   bewitched
                   in
                   his
                   Mothers
                   Womb.
                   He
                   was
                   no
                   sooner
                   in
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   she
                   beheld
                   his
                   ugly
                   shape
                   ,
                   she
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   be
                   conveyed
                   out
                   of
                   her
                   sight
                   .
                
                 
                   Hymeneus
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Liber
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Venus
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   named
                   Thalassius
                   amongst
                   the
                   Romans
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   Protector
                   of
                   Virginity
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Marriages
                   ,
                   unto
                   whom
                   the
                   new-married
                   Virgins
                   did
                   offer
                   Sacrifice
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   did
                   also
                   to
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Concordia
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Rome
                   there
                   were
                   two
                   Cupido's
                   ,
                   called
                   Eros
                   and
                   Anteros
                   ,
                   to
                   represent
                   mutual
                   love
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   strove
                   one
                   against
                   another
                   who
                   should
                   have
                   the
                   branch
                   of
                   a
                   Palm-tree
                   that
                   was
                   between
                   them
                   to
                   express
                   that
                   contention
                   that
                   should
                   be
                   between
                   friends
                   ,
                   to
                   deserve
                   the
                   Palm
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   honor
                   of
                   excelling
                   in
                   love
                   and
                   friendship
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   X.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   Aurora
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   such
                   like
                   Divinities
                   .
                
                 
                   THat
                   light
                   that
                   we
                   perceive
                   before
                   the
                   rising
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   upon
                   our
                   Hemisphere
                   ,
                   hath
                   been
                   taken
                   for
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Aurora
                   ,
                   who
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Opinion
                   of
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   doth
                   come
                   upon
                   a
                   Golden
                   Chariot
                   ,
                   having
                   her
                   fingers
                   dropping
                   with
                   Dew
                   ,
                   to
                   foretell
                   the
                   arrival
                   of
                   the
                   Sun.
                   
                
                 
                   She
                   fell
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   Tithonus
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Laomedon
                   ,
                   whom
                   Jupiter
                   at
                   her
                   request
                   made
                   Immortal
                   ,
                   without
                   granting
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   priviledge
                   of
                   continuing
                   always
                   young
                   :
                   When
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   be
                   extreme
                   old
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   impatient
                   of
                   those
                   many
                   evils
                   that
                   did
                   trouble
                   him
                   in
                   his
                   decrepit
                   Age
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   consented
                   to
                   be
                   metamorphosed
                   into
                   a
                   Grashopper
                   .
                   This
                   Fable
                   contains
                   much
                   truth
                   ,
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   certain
                   ,
                   that
                   Tithonus
                   ,
                   a
                   great
                   lover
                   of
                   Astrology
                   ,
                   was
                   wont
                   to
                   rise
                   by
                   break
                   of
                   day
                   to
                   behold
                   the
                   Stars
                   :
                   This
                   continual
                   and
                   constant
                   vigilancy
                   had
                   rewarded
                   him
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   life
                   ,
                   and
                   preserved
                   him
                   from
                   all
                   sickness
                   ;
                   but
                   as
                   Old
                   Age
                   ,
                   amongst
                   other
                   Vices
                   ,
                   is
                   subject
                   to
                   excessive
                   pratling
                   ,
                   from
                   hence
                   it
                   is
                   that
                   they
                   imagine
                   that
                   Old
                   Tithonus
                   was
                   turned
                   into
                   a
                   Grashopper
                   .
                   From
                   this
                   Marriage
                   of
                   Aurora
                   with
                   Tithonus
                   ,
                   did
                   proceed
                   the
                   couragious
                   Memnon
                   ,
                   who
                   went
                   to
                   the
                   Trojan
                   War
                   to
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   Priamus
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   was
                   there
                   call'd
                   into
                   the
                   field
                   and
                   kill'd
                   by
                   Achilles
                   in
                   a
                   single
                   fight
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   loss
                   Aurora
                   was
                   extremely
                   afflicted
                   ;
                   therefore
                   when
                   his
                   body
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   flames
                   ,
                   upon
                   the
                   pile
                   ,
                   she
                   changed
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   Bird.
                   The
                   Egyptians
                   to
                   honour
                   his
                   valour
                   ,
                   did
                   dedicate
                   unto
                   him
                   a
                   Brazen
                   Statue
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   it
                   is
                   reported
                   ,
                   that
                   When
                   it
                   was
                   visited
                   with
                   the
                   Beams
                   of
                   the
                   Morning
                   Sun
                   ,
                   it
                   appeared
                   most
                   pleasant
                   ,
                   and
                   yielded
                   a
                   harmony
                   grateful
                   to
                   the
                   ear
                   .
                
                 
                   That
                   Star
                   that
                   we
                   call
                   Venus
                   ,
                   which
                   rises
                   at
                   break
                   of
                   day
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Aurora
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   called
                   also
                   Lucifer
                   ,
                   or
                   Phosphorus
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   marches
                   before
                   the
                   Sun
                   ;
                   but
                   at
                   night
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   marches
                   before
                   the
                   Sun
                   ;
                   but
                   at
                   night
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   remains
                   behind
                   ,
                   at
                   Sun-setting
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   named
                   Vesper
                   ,
                   or
                   Hesperus
                   ,
                   whose
                   Office
                   is
                   to
                   appear
                   at
                   the
                   head
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   other
                   Stars
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   come
                   to
                   enlighten
                   the
                   night
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Aurora
                   is
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Hiperion
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Nymph
                   Thia
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Titan
                   and
                   the
                   Earth
                   :
                   When
                   her
                   Husband
                   grew
                   old
                   and
                   loathsome
                   ,
                   she
                   laboured
                   by
                   certain
                   Herbs
                   to
                   remedy
                   her
                   own
                   grief
                   ,
                   for
                   by
                   their
                   virtue
                   she
                   restored
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   in
                   his
                   decrepit
                   Age
                   ,
                   his
                   youthful
                   heat
                   and
                   vigour
                   ,
                   and
                   removed
                   from
                   him
                   those
                   weaknesses
                   that
                   were
                   grievous
                   unto
                   both
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   the
                   Heathens
                   have
                   enrolled
                   Aurora
                   in
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   we
                   must
                   not
                   wonder
                   at
                   what
                   they
                   have
                   believed
                   concerning
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   the
                   Moon
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   seen
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   other
                   Heavenly
                   Bodies
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   affirm
                   ,
                   certain
                   men
                   ,
                   and
                   Animals
                   translatid
                   from
                   
                   Earth
                   to
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   and
                   changed
                   into
                   Stars
                   .
                   Several
                   of
                   them
                   held
                   the
                   Rank
                   of
                   Gods
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Hercules
                     ,
                     Cepheus
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Wife
                   Cassiope
                   ,
                   his
                   Daughter
                   Andromede
                   ,
                   his
                   Son-in-law
                   
                     Perseus
                     ;
                     Erichtonius
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   begot
                   of
                   the
                   Seed
                   of
                   Vulcan
                   when
                   he
                   offered
                   violence
                   to
                   Minerva
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   also
                   delivered
                   to
                   the
                   Daughters
                   of
                   Cecrops
                   to
                   be
                   nourished
                   ,
                   who
                   because
                   they
                   observed
                   not
                   
                   Minerva's
                   advice
                   ,
                   but
                   curiously
                   searched
                   into
                   the
                   Basket
                   where
                   this
                   new-born
                   Monster
                   was
                   hid
                   ,
                   they
                   became
                   mad
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Erichtonius
                   was
                   the
                   first
                   that
                   invented
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   Coaches
                   and
                   Chariots
                   to
                   hide
                   his
                   deformity
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   nothing
                   but
                   Dragons
                   feet
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   King
                   of
                   Athens
                   ,
                   and
                   governed
                   his
                   people
                   with
                   Justice
                   and
                   Equity
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   the
                   Northern
                   Pole
                   is
                   that
                   Constellation
                   called
                   Cynosura
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   
                     Little
                     Bear
                  
                   ,
                   that
                   serves
                   to
                   direct
                   the
                   Mariners
                   :
                   This
                   She-Bear
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   that
                   had
                   the
                   tuition
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   an
                   Infant
                   .
                   The
                   
                     Great
                     Bear
                  
                   is
                   otherwise
                   called
                   Helice
                   ,
                   or
                   Callisto
                   ,
                   she
                   was
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Lycaon
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Arcadia
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Bear
                   by
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Diana
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   had
                   dishonoured
                   her
                   Company
                   ,
                   by
                   suffering
                   Jupiter
                   to
                   rob
                   her
                   of
                   her
                   Virginity
                   which
                   she
                   had
                   promised
                   to
                   keep
                   :
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   so
                   much
                   moved
                   with
                   compassion
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   carried
                   her
                   into
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   and
                   changed
                   her
                   into
                   this
                   Constellation
                   .
                
                 
                   Although
                   some
                   do
                   name
                   it
                   the
                   Chariot
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   disposition
                   of
                   the
                   Stars
                   that
                   do
                   form
                   and
                   represent
                   a
                   perfect
                   Chariot
                   ;
                   the
                   Stars
                   that
                   
                   are
                   next
                   adjoyning
                   are
                   called
                   Arctophylax
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   keeper
                   of
                   the
                   Bear
                   or
                   Bootes
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   driver
                   of
                   the
                   Chariot
                   .
                   Orion
                   also
                   ,
                   who
                   is
                   the
                   foreteller
                   of
                   Rain
                   ,
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   Heavens
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   done
                   good
                   service
                   to
                   Diana
                   in
                   Hunting
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   so
                   much
                   strength
                   and
                   skill
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   not
                   fear
                   to
                   meet
                   with
                   any
                   Savage
                   Beast
                   ,
                   although
                   it
                   were
                   the
                   most
                   furious
                   .
                   The
                   Horse
                   Pegasus
                   was
                   also
                   there
                   promoted
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Serpent
                   that
                   kept
                   the
                   Apples
                   Hesperides
                   with
                   the
                   Eagle
                   that
                   brought
                   Ganimedes
                   to
                   Jupiter
                   ;
                   the
                   Whale
                   that
                   Neptunus
                   sent
                   to
                   devour
                   Andromedes
                   ,
                   the
                   Great
                   Dog
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Canicule
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   named
                   Procyon
                   ,
                   with
                   many
                   other
                   creatures
                   ,
                   that
                   are
                   all
                   placed
                   in
                   the
                   Zodiack
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   Heaven
                   .
                
                 
                   Orion
                   is
                   said
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   begot
                   of
                   the
                   Vrine
                   of
                   
                     Jupiter
                     ,
                     Mercury
                  
                   and
                   Neptune
                   ,
                   who
                   pissed
                   in
                   an
                   Oxes
                   Hide
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   feasted
                   by
                   Hyreus
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   requite
                   him
                   for
                   his
                   kind
                   Hospitality
                   ,
                   they
                   advised
                   him
                   to
                   bury
                   the
                   Hide
                   ten
                   moneths
                   in
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   promised
                   him
                   then
                   out
                   of
                   it
                   a
                   Child
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   none
                   .
                   He
                   became
                   an
                   excellent
                   Hunter
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   this
                   imployment
                   he
                   served
                   Diana
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   began
                   to
                   boast
                   of
                   his
                   skill
                   ,
                   she
                   killed
                   him
                   not
                   long
                   before
                   he
                   adventured
                   to
                   ravish
                   Mecops
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Aenopion
                   ,
                   who
                   punished
                   him
                   by
                   putting
                   out
                   his
                   eyes
                   ;
                   but
                   by
                   Vulcans
                   help
                   and
                   assistance
                   he
                   recovered
                   his
                   sight
                   again
                   .
                   This
                   Constellation
                   of
                   Orion
                   in
                   the
                   Heavens
                   hath
                   17
                   Stars
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XI
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   Divinities
                   .
                
                 
                   NEptune
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Children
                   of
                   Saturnus
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   to
                   his
                   lot
                   the
                   command
                   of
                   the
                   Seas
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Waters
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   World
                   was
                   divided
                   amongst
                   him
                   and
                   his
                   Brethren
                   ;
                   his
                   Scepter
                   was
                   a
                   Trident
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Chariot
                   a
                   great
                   shell
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   drawn
                   either
                   by
                   Whales
                   ,
                   or
                   by
                   Sea-monsters
                   ,
                   or
                   by
                   Horses
                   that
                   had
                   the
                   lower
                   part
                   of
                   Fish
                   :
                   His
                   Wife
                   was
                   Amphitrite
                   ,
                   so
                   named
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Sea
                   doth
                   encompass
                   about
                   the
                   Earth
                   :
                   He
                   obtained
                   her
                   by
                   the
                   means
                   of
                   a
                   Dolphin
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   afterwards
                   advanced
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   Capricorn
                   :
                   He
                   taught
                   unto
                   men
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   the
                   Horse
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   come
                   forth
                   of
                   the
                   earth
                   with
                   a
                   blow
                   of
                   his
                   Trident
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   dispute
                   he
                   had
                   with
                   Minerva
                   about
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Athens
                   in
                   the
                   Areopage
                   .
                   Because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   engaged
                   in
                   a
                   conspiracy
                   against
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   confined
                   to
                   the
                   earth
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   offer
                   himself
                   to
                   the
                   service
                   of
                   King
                   Laomedon
                   ,
                   to
                   build
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   seen
                   in
                   the
                   story
                   of
                   Ap●ll●
                   .
                   The
                   Tritans
                   ,
                   half
                   men
                   ,
                   and
                   half
                   Dolphins
                   ,
                   were
                   his
                   Children
                   ;
                   they
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   accompany
                   him
                   ,
                   sounding
                   certain
                   shells
                   ,
                   in
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Trumpet
                   .
                   He
                   begot
                   also
                   the
                   Harpies
                   by
                   the
                   acquaintance
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   with
                   the
                   Earth
                   ;
                   they
                   were
                   Monsters
                   that
                   did
                   
                   ingeniously
                   and
                   perfectly
                   express
                   the
                   qualities
                   of
                   a
                   Niggard
                   :
                   They
                   had
                   faces
                   of
                   young
                   Maids
                   ,
                   although
                   somewhat
                   pale
                   ;
                   but
                   their
                   bodies
                   were
                   like
                   the
                   Vultures
                   ,
                   with
                   Wings
                   and
                   Claws
                   both
                   at
                   their
                   hands
                   and
                   feet
                   ;
                   their
                   bellies
                   were
                   insatiable
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   prodigious
                   bigness
                   ;
                   whatever
                   they
                   did
                   touch
                   was
                   infected
                   and
                   spoil'd
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   did
                   steal
                   all
                   that
                   came
                   near
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Neptunus
                   was
                   esteemed
                   a
                   famous
                   God
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Heathens
                   judged
                   him
                   to
                   have
                   the
                   command
                   of
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Elements
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   called
                   
                   Consus
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Romans
                   do
                   affirm
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   advise
                   them
                   in
                   thé
                   first
                   beginning
                   of
                   their
                   Empire
                   ,
                   when
                   there
                   was
                   scarcity
                   of
                   Women
                   in
                   their
                   City
                   ,
                   to
                   steal
                   from
                   their
                   Neighours
                   ,
                   the
                   Sabins
                   ,
                   a
                   convenient
                   supply
                   of
                   that
                   Sex.
                   He
                   was
                   named
                   also
                   
                     Neptunus
                     Hippius
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Equester
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   taught
                   unto
                   men
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   Horses
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   the
                   Fable
                   informs
                   us
                   ,
                   he
                   created
                   at
                   Athens
                   a
                   Horse
                   when
                   the
                   City
                   was
                   built
                   :
                   The
                   Romans
                   to
                   acknowledge
                   the
                   benefit
                   that
                   their
                   Empire
                   had
                   received
                   from
                   Horses
                   ,
                   instituted
                   Horse-Races
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   Neptune
                   .
                   The
                   Sea
                   is
                   called
                   by
                   his
                   Name
                   ,
                   either
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   Admiral
                   of
                   it
                   in
                   the
                   Reign
                   of
                   Saturn
                   ,
                   or
                   because
                   this
                   greedy
                   and
                   inhumane
                   God
                   did
                   drown
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   Sea
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   born
                   :
                   He
                   had
                   a
                   famous
                   Temple
                   in
                   Rome
                   ,
                   enriched
                   with
                   the
                   spoils
                   of
                   many
                   Sea
                   Victories
                   ;
                   but
                   he
                   received
                   a
                   signal
                   affront
                   when
                   Augustus
                   the
                   Emperour
                   caused
                   his
                   Statue
                   to
                   be
                   pull'd
                   down
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   thought
                   to
                   have
                   
                   raised
                   against
                   him
                   a
                   Tempest
                   at
                   Sea
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   had
                   received
                   some
                   loss
                   ,
                   with
                   no
                   small
                   danger
                   of
                   his
                   life
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Ocean
                   where
                   Neptunus
                   commanded
                   was
                   esteemed
                   a
                   God
                   ,
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   the
                   Rivers
                   :
                   His
                   Effigies
                   was
                   much
                   like
                   to
                   that
                   of
                   a
                   River
                   ,
                   a
                   great
                   man
                   with
                   Bulls
                   Horns
                   upon
                   his
                   head
                   ;
                   His
                   Wife
                   was
                   Thetis
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   had
                   Nereus
                   and
                   Doris
                   ,
                   that
                   married
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   World
                   many
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   called
                   Nymphs
                   ;
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   ascended
                   up
                   into
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   but
                   those
                   that
                   had
                   green
                   locks
                   of
                   hair
                   remained
                   upon
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   amongst
                   the
                   Waters
                   ,
                   the
                   Meadows
                   ,
                   the
                   Forrests
                   ▪
                   The
                   Napeae
                   ,
                   the
                   Dryades
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Hamadryades
                   ,
                   did
                   dwell
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Meadows
                   ,
                   and
                   amongst
                   the
                   Flowers
                   and
                   green
                   Pastures
                   :
                   The
                   Naiades
                   were
                   for
                   the
                   Fountains
                   and
                   Rivers
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Nereides
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   borrow
                   their
                   Name
                   of
                   their
                   Father
                   ,
                   were
                   appointed
                   to
                   the
                   Sea
                   :
                   They
                   did
                   extremely
                   love
                   the
                   Halcyons
                   ,
                   Sea-birds
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   this
                   Wonder
                   is
                   related
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   build
                   their
                   Nests
                   upon
                   the
                   Waves
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   stormy
                   Winters
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   their
                   young
                   ones
                   do
                   peep
                   forth
                   of
                   the
                   shell
                   ,
                   the
                   Sea
                   round
                   about
                   them
                   appears
                   calm
                   ,
                   and
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   rough
                   they
                   never
                   come
                   by
                   any
                   damage
                   by
                   it
                   .
                   The
                   most
                   remarkable
                   of
                   the
                   Nereids
                   was
                   Thetis
                   ,
                   who
                   kept
                   the
                   Name
                   of
                   her
                   Mother
                   ,
                   she
                   was
                   so
                   fair
                   ,
                   that
                   Jupiter
                   fell
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   her
                   :
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   heard
                   the
                   Destinies
                   foretel
                   ,
                   that
                   
                   if
                   she
                   was
                   married
                   that
                   she
                   should
                   have
                   a
                   Son
                   far
                   more
                   couragious
                   and
                   more
                   dreadful
                   than
                   his
                   Father
                   ;
                   he
                   willingly
                   left
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   gave
                   her
                   in
                   marriage
                   to
                   Peleus
                   ,
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   whose
                   Actions
                   and
                   Life
                   we
                   shall
                   describe
                   in
                   their
                   proper
                   place
                   .
                
                 
                   Protheus
                   ,
                   Neptune's
                   Shepherd
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Leader
                   of
                   his
                   Phoei
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   called
                   Calves
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   was
                   another
                   Son
                   of
                   Ocean
                   and
                   Thetis
                   ;
                   the
                   Romans
                   called
                   him
                   Vertumnus
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   the
                   skill
                   to
                   change
                   himself
                   into
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   forms
                   and
                   figures
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   great
                   Fortune-teller
                   ;
                   those
                   that
                   intended
                   to
                   make
                   any
                   use
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   were
                   to
                   surprise
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   bind
                   him
                   fast
                   until
                   he
                   did
                   take
                   his
                   proper
                   and
                   natural
                   shape
                   ,
                   and
                   tell
                   them
                   what
                   they
                   desired
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Glaucus
                     Ino
                  
                   and
                   Melicerta
                   were
                   Divinities
                   of
                   the
                   Sea.
                   Glaucus
                   had
                   been
                   before
                   a
                   Fisherman
                   ;
                   at
                   a
                   certain
                   time
                   having
                   cast
                   his
                   Fish
                   upon
                   the
                   Grass
                   ,
                   and
                   perceiving
                   that
                   by
                   the
                   
                   virtue
                   of
                   a
                   certain
                   Herb
                   which
                   they
                   did
                   touch
                   they
                   did
                   receive
                   a
                   wonderful
                   strength
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   afterwards
                   leap
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   again
                   ,
                   his
                   curiosity
                   moved
                   him
                   to
                   try
                   the
                   virtue
                   of
                   it
                   in
                   himself
                   :
                   He
                   had
                   no
                   sooner
                   tasted
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   fell
                   into
                   a
                   fit
                   of
                   madness
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   himself
                   into
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   the
                   Waves
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Sea
                   Divinities
                   had
                   a
                   care
                   to
                   receive
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   admit
                   him
                   into
                   their
                   Society
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   story
                   of
                   Ino
                   is
                   more
                   various
                   ;
                   Athamas
                   King
                   of
                   Thebes
                   had
                   married
                   her
                   in
                   second
                   Nuptials
                   ,
                   after
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   divorced
                   his
                   former
                   
                   Wife
                   Nephele
                   .
                   This
                   Ino
                   was
                   resolved
                   to
                   destroy
                   Phrixus
                   and
                   Helle
                   ,
                   Children
                   of
                   
                     Nephele
                     .
                     Phrixus
                  
                   to
                   prevent
                   his
                   mischief
                   ,
                   ran
                   away
                   with
                   the
                   Ram
                   that
                   had
                   a
                   Golden
                   Fleece
                   ,
                   the
                   honour
                   and
                   riches
                   of
                   his
                   Family
                   .
                   He
                   and
                   his
                   Sister
                   mounted
                   upon
                   it
                   with
                   a
                   design
                   to
                   flee
                   to
                   some
                   other
                   Country
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   were
                   passing
                   over
                   the
                   Straits
                   ,
                   between
                   Asia
                   and
                   
                     Europe
                     ,
                     Helle
                  
                   fell
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   in
                   a
                   fright
                   ,
                   from
                   hence
                   this
                   place
                   is
                   named
                   Hellespont
                   :
                   But
                   Phrixus
                   arrived
                   happily
                   in
                   the
                   Country
                   of
                   Colchos
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   offered
                   his
                   Ram
                   to
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   and
                   since
                   this
                   same
                   Ram
                   hath
                   been
                   admitted
                   amongst
                   the
                   twelve
                   Signs
                   of
                   the
                   Zodiack
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Fleece
                   was
                   put
                   in
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   Aetha
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   who
                   placed
                   it
                   in
                   a
                   Park
                   consecrated
                   to
                   Mars
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   good
                   guard
                   to
                   keep
                   it
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   shall
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   story
                   of
                   Jason
                   .
                
                 
                   Juno
                   was
                   mightily
                   concerned
                   for
                   the
                   Children
                   of
                   Nephele
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   troubled
                   the
                   mind
                   of
                   Athamas
                   ,
                   and
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   become
                   furious
                   ;
                   in
                   that
                   condition
                   he
                   offered
                   to
                   kill
                   Ino
                   and
                   her
                   Children
                   ,
                   but
                   she
                   being
                   surprised
                   with
                   so
                   great
                   a
                   change
                   ,
                   casts
                   her self
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   with
                   
                     Melicerta
                     :
                     Neptune
                  
                   pittied
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   received
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   the
                   Divinities
                   of
                   his
                   Train
                   ;
                   afterwards
                   she
                   was
                   esteemed
                   to
                   be
                   Aurora
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   called
                   Leucothea
                   ,
                   the
                   break
                   of
                   day
                   :
                   Her
                   Son
                   was
                   called
                   Palaemon
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Havens
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   must
                   not
                   here
                   forget
                   the
                   God
                   Aeolus
                   ,
                   
                   for
                   his
                   Empire
                   was
                   upon
                   the
                   Waves
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Winds
                   ,
                   who
                   dwelt
                   in
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Islands
                   next
                   unto
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   kept
                   the
                   Winds
                   close
                   prisoners
                   ,
                   giving
                   them
                   liberty
                   when
                   he
                   thought
                   it
                   convenient
                   .
                
                 
                   Besides
                   all
                   these
                   ,
                   there
                   were
                   certain
                   Monsters
                   that
                   did
                   dwell
                   near
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   did
                   terrifie
                   the
                   Marriners
                   :
                   In
                   the
                   Straits
                   of
                   Sicily
                   were
                   Scylla
                   and
                   Charybdis
                   ;
                   they
                   say
                   that
                   this
                   Charybdis
                   was
                   a
                   Woman
                   of
                   a
                   savage
                   Nature
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   run
                   upon
                   all
                   passengers
                   to
                   rob
                   them
                   :
                   When
                   she
                   had
                   stoln
                   the
                   Oxen
                   of
                   
                     Hercules
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                  
                   kill'd
                   her
                   with
                   his
                   Thunderbolts
                   ,
                   afterwards
                   he
                   turned
                   her
                   into
                   a
                   furious
                   Monster
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   her
                   into
                   a
                   Gulf
                   that
                   bears
                   her
                   name
                   .
                
                 
                   Scylla
                   was
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Nisus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Megariens
                   ,
                   she
                   fell
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   Minos
                   King
                   of
                   Candia
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   his
                   sake
                   she
                   betrayed
                   her
                   own
                   Father
                   :
                   For
                   when
                   Minos
                   made
                   War
                   upon
                   the
                   Megariens
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   had
                   cruelly
                   put
                   to
                   death
                   his
                   Son
                   Androgeos
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   held
                   the
                   chief
                   City
                   ,
                   Megara
                   besieged
                   Scylla
                   :
                   during
                   the
                   Siege
                   ,
                   did
                   often
                   walk
                   upon
                   the
                   Walls
                   to
                   recreate
                   her self
                   with
                   the
                   harmonious
                   sounds
                   that
                   the
                   stones
                   did
                   give
                   :
                   for
                   when
                   Apollo
                   did
                   build
                   this
                   City
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   often
                   leave
                   his
                   Harp
                   upon
                   the
                   stones
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   he
                   granted
                   unto
                   them
                   the
                   virtue
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   they
                   should
                   be
                   toucht
                   ,
                   they
                   should
                   yield
                   a
                   most
                   delightful
                   sound
                   .
                   This
                   young
                   Princess
                   
                   seeing
                   Minos
                   from
                   this
                   place
                   ,
                   she
                   began
                   to
                   entertain
                   a
                   kindness
                   for
                   him
                   ,
                   which
                   perswaded
                   her
                   to
                   deliver
                   the
                   City
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   upon
                   condition
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   yield
                   unto
                   her
                   desire
                   and
                   lust
                   .
                   The
                   business
                   did
                   depend
                   only
                   upon
                   a
                   hair
                   of
                   a
                   Purple
                   colour
                   which
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   head
                   of
                   Nisus
                   ,
                   for
                   whiles
                   he
                   did
                   keep
                   it
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   overcome
                   ;
                   therefore
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   asleep
                   she
                   cut
                   it
                   off
                   .
                   This
                   Treason
                   was
                   not
                   unprofitable
                   to
                   Minos
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   abide
                   a
                   Daughter
                   guilty
                   of
                   so
                   much
                   cruelty
                   against
                   her
                   Father
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   thrown
                   headlong
                   into
                   a
                   Gulf
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   under
                   the
                   Promontory
                   or
                   Cape
                   that
                   is
                   against
                   that
                   of
                   Charybdis
                   :
                   There
                   she
                   became
                   a
                   most
                   horrible
                   Monster
                   ,
                   for
                   all
                   her
                   lower
                   parts
                   ,
                   
                   from
                   the
                   Girdle
                   downwards
                   ,
                   changed
                   themselves
                   into
                   dogs
                   of
                   several
                   shapes
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   continually
                   bark
                   there
                   .
                   Others
                   there
                   are
                   that
                   relate
                   this
                   Story
                   otherwise
                   ;
                   for
                   Ovidius
                   tells
                   us
                   how
                   Scylla
                   was
                   metamorphosed
                   into
                   a
                   Lark
                   ,
                   and
                   Nisus
                   into
                   a
                   Hawk
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   persecute
                   her
                   continually
                   for
                   her
                   Treason
                   .
                   These
                   do
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   was
                   another
                   Scylla
                   that
                   the
                   Witch
                   Circe
                   changed
                   into
                   this
                   Monster
                   in
                   a
                   fit
                   of
                   jealousie
                   ,
                   because
                   Glaucus
                   had
                   less
                   love
                   and
                   kindness
                   for
                   her
                   than
                   for
                   Scylla
                   .
                   We
                   shall
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   nineteenth
                   Chap.
                   of
                   the
                   next
                   Book
                   who
                   this
                   Scylla
                   was
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Sirens
                   did
                   also
                   inhabit
                   upon
                   these
                   Coasts
                   of
                   Sicily
                   ;
                   their
                   upper
                   part
                   was
                   like
                   fair
                   Virgins
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   lower
                   did
                   represent
                   the
                   tail
                   and
                   body
                   of
                   a
                   great
                   Fish
                   :
                   They
                   did
                   
                   sing
                   such
                   melodious
                   tunes
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Passengers
                   were
                   charmed
                   and
                   drawn
                   to
                   them
                   ;
                   but
                   it
                   was
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   destroy
                   them
                   ▪
                   therefore
                   they
                   do
                   very
                   well
                   typifie
                   unto
                   us
                   unlawful
                   Lust
                   ,
                   for
                   its
                   pleasures
                   and
                   allurements
                   will
                   infallibly
                   bring
                   us
                   to
                   an
                   unhappy
                   end
                   ,
                   unless
                   we
                   imitate
                   the
                   example
                   of
                   Vlysses
                   ,
                   who
                   commanded
                   his
                   men
                   to
                   stop
                   their
                   ears
                   with
                   Wax
                   ,
                   and
                   caused
                   himself
                   to
                   be
                   bound
                   fast
                   to
                   the
                   Mast
                   of
                   his
                   Ship
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   passed
                   by
                   in
                   these
                   Seas
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Sirens
                   might
                   not
                   prevail
                   upon
                   him
                   .
                   This
                   craftiness
                   of
                   Vlysses
                   did
                   not
                   a
                   little
                   vex
                   them
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   hoped
                   to
                   obtain
                   him
                   and
                   his
                   Company
                   for
                   their
                   prey
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   Heathens
                   did
                   say
                   that
                   Oceanus
                   was
                   the
                   beginning
                   and
                   first
                   principle
                   of
                   all
                   things
                   ;
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   numerous
                   Posterity
                   :
                   Hesiodus
                   numbers
                   three
                   thousand
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   besides
                   Sons
                   :
                   Prometheus
                   was
                   his
                   intimate
                   friend
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   did
                   many
                   good
                   offices
                   to
                   the
                   Gods
                   :
                   he
                   brought
                   up
                   and
                   nourished
                   Juno
                   .
                
                 
                   Nereus
                   was
                   his
                   Son
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   about
                   sixty
                   Daughters
                   that
                   waited
                   upon
                   Neptunus
                   ;
                   his
                   habitation
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   Aegean
                   Sea
                   ;
                   Hercules
                   went
                   to
                   know
                   from
                   him
                   where
                   he
                   should
                   find
                   the
                   Golden
                   Apples
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Ino
                   had
                   craftily
                   made
                   away
                   all
                   the
                   Children
                   of
                   Nephele
                   except
                   two
                   ;
                   she
                   caused
                   the
                   Oracle
                   to
                   demand
                   one
                   of
                   them
                   as
                   a
                   Sacrifice
                   to
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   which
                   forced
                   them
                   both
                   to
                   fly
                   away
                   .
                   Athamas
                   her
                   Husband
                   was
                   so
                   incensed
                   at
                   her
                   cruelty
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   took
                   her
                   Son
                   Learchus
                   and
                   cut
                   
                   off
                   his
                   head
                   ;
                   then
                   Ino
                   in
                   hast
                   caught
                   hold
                   of
                   
                   Melicerta
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   her self
                   with
                   him
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   called
                   Palemon
                   ,
                   or
                   Portunus
                   ,
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Harbours
                   :
                   In
                   some
                   places
                   of
                   Greece
                   Children
                   were
                   offered
                   in
                   Sacrifice
                   to
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Sirens
                   are
                   noted
                   for
                   their
                   folly
                   and
                   cruelty
                   :
                   These
                   are
                   the
                   Names
                   of
                   the
                   chief
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   
                     Aglaope
                     ,
                     Pisinoe
                     ,
                     Thelxiope
                     ,
                     Molpe
                     ,
                     Alagophonos
                     ,
                     Leucosia
                     ,
                     Ligea
                     ,
                     Parthenope
                     :
                  
                   The
                   last
                   gave
                   her
                   name
                   to
                   the
                   famous
                   City
                   of
                   
                     Italy
                     ,
                     Naples
                  
                   ,
                   anciently
                   called
                   Parthenope
                   .
                   They
                   did
                   sing
                   upon
                   several
                   Instruments
                   of
                   Musick
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   well
                   ,
                   insomuch
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   challenge
                   the
                   Muses
                   themselves
                   by
                   the
                   perswasion
                   of
                   Juno
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Crete
                   was
                   the
                   meeting
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   poor
                   Sirens
                   were
                   shamefully
                   overcome
                   by
                   the
                   Nine
                   Sisters
                   ,
                   who
                   took
                   from
                   them
                   their
                   Wings
                   ,
                   &
                   made
                   of
                   them
                   Crowns
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   all
                   wore
                   ,
                   except
                   one
                   who
                   was
                   esteemed
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   the
                   Sirens
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   it
                   did
                   become
                   her
                   not
                   to
                   triumph
                   at
                   the
                   shame
                   of
                   her
                   Daughters
                   .
                   Their
                   dwelling
                   was
                   between
                   Italy
                   and
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   Passengers
                   are
                   said
                   to
                   have
                   perished
                   there
                   but
                   Orpheus
                   ,
                   who
                   with
                   the
                   sound
                   of
                   his
                   Harp
                   did
                   overcome
                   the
                   noise
                   of
                   the
                   Sirens
                   voices
                   .
                   Ulysses
                   had
                   the
                   happiness
                   to
                   pass
                   also
                   without
                   any
                   harm
                   ;
                   it
                   is
                   said
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   so
                   much
                   grieved
                   at
                   the
                   escape
                   of
                   this
                   last
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   cast
                   themselves
                   headlong
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   and
                   since
                   they
                   have
                   never
                   been
                   seen
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Divinities
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   .
                
                 
                   CYbele
                   that
                   we
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   second
                   Chap.
                   as
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   is
                   also
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ;
                   therefore
                   she
                   was
                   painted
                   sitting
                   ,
                   and
                   crowned
                   with
                   Towns
                   ,
                   and
                   about
                   her
                   abundance
                   of
                   Animals
                   and
                   Trees
                   :
                   The
                   Shepherds
                   did
                   own
                   her
                   for
                   their
                   Goddess
                   ;
                   amongst
                   them
                   she
                   was
                   named
                   
                     Magna
                     Pales
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   Pan
                   was
                   eminent
                   amongst
                   the
                   Gods
                   of
                   the
                   Fields
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   Son
                   of
                   Mercurius
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   taken
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Goat
                   to
                   beget
                   him
                   ;
                   therefore
                   his
                   Beard
                   and
                   his
                   Feet
                   were
                   like
                   a
                   Goats
                   ,
                   with
                   horns
                   upon
                   his
                   head
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   called
                   Sylvanus
                   ,
                   although
                   Virgilius
                   seems
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   another
                   mind
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   beloved
                   of
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   that
                   did
                   put
                   themselves
                   under
                   his
                   protection
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   dance
                   at
                   the
                   sound
                   of
                   his
                   pipe
                   :
                   The
                   Arcadians
                   did
                   honour
                   him
                   as
                   their
                   God
                   ,
                   offering
                   unto
                   him
                   Sacrifices
                   of
                   Milk
                   and
                   Honey
                   :
                   The
                   Romans
                   also
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   moneth
                   of
                   February
                   ,
                   did
                   dedicate
                   to
                   him
                   certain
                   Feastival
                   daies
                   ,
                   called
                   Lupercalia
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   place
                   Lupercal
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   consecrated
                   to
                   his
                   worship
                   by
                   Evander
                   ,
                   and
                   where
                   Remus
                   and
                   Romulus
                   were
                   afterwards
                   nourished
                   by
                   a
                   Wolf.
                   
                
                 
                   Picus
                   the
                   K.
                   of
                   the
                   Latin
                   people
                   had
                   a
                   Son
                   named
                   Faunus
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   also
                   a
                   famous
                   God
                   
                   of
                   the
                   Fields
                   ,
                   he
                   invented
                   many
                   things
                   necessary
                   for
                   Husbandmen
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   lookt
                   upon
                   as
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   the
                   other
                   Fauni
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Satyrs
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   all
                   wear
                   horns
                   upon
                   their
                   heads
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   Goats
                   feet
                   .
                   When
                   these
                   Satyrs
                   became
                   old
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   called
                   Sileti
                   ;
                   they
                   were
                   great
                   Tiplers
                   of
                   Wine
                   :
                   The
                   chief
                   and
                   the
                   ancientest
                   of
                   them
                   brought
                   up
                   and
                   tutored
                   Bacchus
                   in
                   his
                   Infancy
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   always
                   seen
                   riding
                   upon
                   an
                   Ass
                   .
                   This
                   Animal
                   became
                   famous
                   in
                   India
                   ,
                   when
                   Bacchus
                   made
                   War
                   against
                   the
                   Indians
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   it
                   began
                   to
                   bray
                   ,
                   the
                   Elephants
                   of
                   the
                   Enemies
                   were
                   frighted
                   and
                   disordered
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   the
                   Victory
                   .
                   In
                   reward
                   of
                   this
                   good
                   service
                   ,
                   Bacchus
                   promoted
                   this
                   Ass
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   Crab.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   Cybele
                   was
                   originally
                   of
                   Phrygia
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Menoe
                   ,
                   an
                   ancient
                   King
                   of
                   that
                   Country
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   cast
                   into
                   a
                   Wood
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   left
                   to
                   be
                   devoured
                   by
                   the
                   Wild
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   upon
                   some
                   distast
                   that
                   her
                   Father
                   had
                   taken
                   against
                   her
                   Mother
                   :
                   A
                   Shepherd
                   happily
                   finding
                   her
                   ,
                   brought
                   her
                   to
                   his
                   home
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   bred
                   up
                   as
                   his
                   Child
                   ▪
                   She
                   quickly
                   grew
                   famous
                   when
                   she
                   came
                   to
                   years
                   of
                   understanding
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   her
                   extraordinary
                   beauty
                   and
                   skill
                   in
                   Musick
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   curing
                   of
                   Infants
                   diseases
                   ,
                   which
                   caused
                   the
                   King
                   to
                   acknowledge
                   her
                   for
                   his
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   grant
                   unto
                   her
                   a
                   Train
                   better
                   befitting
                   her
                   Birth
                   :
                   She
                   afterwards
                   became
                   amorous
                   of
                   Atys
                   ,
                   a
                   young
                   man
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   
                   who
                   because
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   have
                   the
                   liberty
                   to
                   marry
                   her
                   ,
                   he
                   got
                   her
                   with-child
                   :
                   Atys
                   was
                   condemned
                   for
                   it
                   to
                   die
                   ,
                   and
                   Cybele
                   for
                   grief
                   became
                   mad
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   she
                   left
                   her
                   Fathers
                   Court
                   ,
                   and
                   ran
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   the
                   Country
                   with
                   a
                   Pipe
                   and
                   Drum
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   :
                   After
                   her
                   death
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Phrygians
                   were
                   afflicted
                   with
                   scarcity
                   of
                   corn
                   ,
                   and
                   divers
                   diseases
                   ;
                   the
                   Oracle
                   gave
                   them
                   this
                   advice
                   as
                   a
                   remedy
                   to
                   their
                   evils
                   ,
                   to
                   worship
                   Cybele
                   as
                   a
                   Goddess
                   .
                   She
                   was
                   not
                   well
                   known
                   amongst
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   until
                   Hannibal
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   bowels
                   of
                   Italy
                   with
                   his
                   Army
                   :
                   The
                   Senate
                   being
                   frighted
                   with
                   several
                   prodigious
                   accidents
                   that
                   happened
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   ,
                   sent
                   to
                   consult
                   the
                   Books
                   of
                   the
                   Sybile
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   found
                   that
                   the
                   strangers
                   might
                   be
                   driven
                   out
                   of
                   Italy
                   ,
                   if
                   
                     Mater
                     Idaea
                  
                   did
                   come
                   to
                   Rome
                   .
                   This
                   obliged
                   them
                   to
                   send
                   Embassadors
                   to
                   Attalus
                   King
                   of
                   Phrygia
                   ,
                   
                   to
                   beg
                   from
                   him
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   of
                   stone
                   in
                   the
                   Town
                   of
                   Pesinunte
                   :
                   They
                   brought
                   it
                   to
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   the
                   Dames
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   went
                   out
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   the
                   mouth
                   of
                   Tyber
                   to
                   welcome
                   her
                   :
                   The
                   next
                   year
                   a
                   Temple
                   was
                   erected
                   for
                   her
                   ,
                   her
                   Priests
                   were
                   Phrygians
                   ,
                   called
                   Corybantes
                   ,
                   they
                   had
                   over
                   them
                   one
                   called
                   
                     Archi
                     Gallus
                  
                   an
                   Eunuch
                   ,
                   as
                   most
                   of
                   them
                   were
                   therefore
                   called
                   
                     Semiviri
                     Phryges
                  
                   :
                   They
                   did
                   perform
                   her
                   solemnity
                   with
                   a
                   furious
                   noise
                   of
                   Drums
                   ,
                   of
                   beating
                   of
                   Brass
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Musical
                   Instruments
                   .
                   The
                   Corybantes
                   are
                   Jupiters
                   Life-guard
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   brought
                   him
                   up
                   .
                   The
                   Pine
                   Tree
                   and
                   Box
                   were
                   consecrated
                   to
                   this
                   Goddess
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Pan
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Mountains
                   ,
                   and
                   Sheep
                   ;
                   also
                   of
                   Huntsmen
                   ;
                   he
                   loved
                   Eccho
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   Daughter
                   called
                   Irynges
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   also
                   beloved
                   
                   of
                   Luna
                   ;
                   his
                   Sacrifices
                   were
                   performed
                   in
                   a
                   deep
                   Cave
                   ,
                   scituate
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   a
                   thick
                   Wood
                   ;
                   they
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   offer
                   unto
                   him
                   Milk
                   and
                   Honey
                   in
                   Shepherds
                   Dishes
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   painted
                   with
                   a
                   stick
                   in
                   one
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Pipe
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   Beard
                   ,
                   and
                   horns
                   of
                   a
                   great
                   length
                   upon
                   his
                   head
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   Goats
                   feet
                   .
                
                 
                   Faunus
                   was
                   also
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   Apparitions
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   the
                   voices
                   were
                   attributed
                   to
                   him
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XIII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Infernal
                   Gods.
                   
                
                 
                   IF
                   we
                   speak
                   of
                   Hell
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   the
                   ancient
                   Poets
                   ,
                   we
                   must
                   represent
                   it
                   as
                   a
                   large
                   subterraneous
                   place
                   ,
                   whither
                   the
                   Souls
                   are
                   conveyed
                   when
                   they
                   go
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   bodies
                   :
                   The
                   God
                   that
                   commands
                   there
                   is
                   Pluto
                   ,
                   Brother
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   Neptunus
                   ;
                   his
                   Wife
                   is
                   Proserpina
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Ceres
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   constrained
                   to
                   steal
                   her
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   refused
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Goddesses
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   his
                   ill-looks
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   darkness
                   of
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   .
                
                 
                   Several
                   Rivers
                   do
                   encompass
                   it
                   ,
                   which
                   we
                   must
                   all
                   pass
                   before
                   we
                   can
                   enter
                   into
                   it
                   :
                   Acheron
                   is
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   Styx
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   this
                   River
                   did
                   run
                   round
                   Hell
                   nine
                   times
                   ;
                   Victory
                   
                   was
                   his
                   daughter
                   ,
                   she
                   was
                   favourable
                   to
                   Jupiter
                   in
                   the
                   War
                   of
                   the
                   Giants
                   .
                   Therefore
                   by
                   her
                   means
                   he
                   attained
                   to
                   so
                   great
                   a
                   credit
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Gods
                   having
                   sworn
                   by
                   his
                   waters
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   not
                   lawful
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   act
                   contrary
                   to
                   their
                   engagements
                   :
                   When
                   they
                   did
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   depriv'd
                   of
                   the
                   Nectar
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   their
                   Divinity
                   ,
                   one
                   hundred
                   years
                   compleat
                   .
                   The
                   Styx
                   did
                   rise
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   Fountain
                   of
                   Arcadia
                   ,
                   whereof
                   the
                   waters
                   are
                   venomous
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   such
                   a
                   strange
                   nature
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   metal
                   that
                   can
                   keep
                   them
                   :
                   Nothing
                   but
                   the
                   hallow
                   of
                   an
                   Ass
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   a
                   Mules
                   Hoof
                   ,
                   can
                   retain
                   this
                   piercing
                   water
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   River
                   of
                   Hell
                   was
                   the
                   Cocytes
                   ,
                   which
                   did
                   swell
                   only
                   with
                   Tears
                   :
                   The
                   fourth
                   was
                   Phlegeton
                   ,
                   whereof
                   the
                   waters
                   boil
                   .
                
                 
                   Charon
                   ,
                   the
                   Ferry-man
                   ,
                   did
                   offer
                   his
                   assistance
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Boat
                   ,
                   to
                   carry
                   over
                   all
                   that
                   did
                   come
                   from
                   this
                   Upper
                   World
                   :
                   He
                   did
                   shew
                   as
                   little
                   respect
                   to
                   the
                   Lords
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   Grandees
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   Princes
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   the
                   meanest
                   Slaves
                   ,
                   because
                   Death
                   doth
                   bring
                   all
                   men
                   to
                   an
                   equality
                   .
                   They
                   whose
                   bodies
                   had
                   not
                   been
                   buried
                   ,
                   did
                   wait
                   many
                   years
                   upon
                   the
                   Banks
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   before
                   they
                   could
                   be
                   admitted
                   to
                   passe
                   with
                   the
                   rest
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   the
                   descent
                   from
                   the
                   Boat
                   they
                   met
                   Cerberus
                   a
                   great
                   Dog
                   with
                   three
                   heads
                   ,
                   instead
                   of
                   hair
                   he
                   was
                   covered
                   all
                   over
                   with
                   Serpents
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   He
                   did
                   keep
                   the
                   entry
                   of
                   Hell
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   suffer
                   all
                   to
                   enter
                   but
                   none
                   to
                   go
                   out
                   .
                
                 
                   Within
                   was
                   a
                   dreadfull
                   night
                   esteemed
                   a
                   Goddess
                   the
                   eldest
                   daughters
                   of
                   Chaos
                   and
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   several
                   Monsters
                   that
                   did
                   beseige
                   this
                   unhappy
                   place
                   for
                   besides
                   Envy
                   ,
                   Grief
                   ,
                   Poverty
                   ,
                   Care
                   ,
                   Labour
                   ,
                   Diseases
                   ,
                   Cruelty
                   ,
                   Despaire
                   ,
                   here
                   were
                   to
                   be
                   seen
                   Death
                   and
                   his
                   kinsman
                   sleep
                   .
                   The
                   latter
                   was
                   honoured
                   as
                   a
                   favourable
                   God
                   unto
                   men
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   rest
                   that
                   he
                   procures
                   unto
                   us
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Officers
                   was
                   Morpheus
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Dreams
                   who
                   had
                   the
                   cunning
                   and
                   Art
                   of
                   taking
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   shapes
                   .
                   There
                   were
                   also
                   the
                   Harpyes
                   condemned
                   to
                   perpetual
                   darkness
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Chimera
                   that
                   did
                   vomit
                   fire
                   and
                   flame
                   ,
                   her
                   head
                   was
                   like
                   a
                   Lyons
                   ,
                   her
                   middle
                   like
                   a
                   Goat
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   tail
                   did
                   resemble
                   that
                   of
                   a
                   furious
                   Dragon
                
                 
                   In
                   these
                   subterraneous
                   places
                   was
                   the
                   abode
                   of
                   the
                   furies
                   called
                   otherwise
                   Dirae
                   or
                   Eumenidae
                   their
                   names
                   were
                   
                     Tisiphone
                     ,
                     Megera
                  
                   and
                   Alecto
                   they
                   were
                   armed
                   with
                   flaming
                   Torches
                   ,
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   mouth
                   proceeded
                   a
                   filthy
                   froth
                   ,
                   a
                   signe
                   of
                   their
                   raging
                   humor
                   ,
                   their
                   eyes
                   did
                   sparkle
                   as
                   the
                   lightning
                   and
                   their
                   head
                   instead
                   of
                   hair
                   was
                   adorned
                   with
                   long
                   and
                   dreadfull
                   Vipers
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Palace
                   of
                   Pluto
                   the
                   three
                   sisters
                   named
                   
                     Parcoe
                     ,
                     Clatho
                     ,
                     Lachesis
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Atropas
                   did
                   dwell
                   .
                   These
                   were
                   the
                   fatal
                   Goddesses
                   or
                   the
                   Destinies
                   that
                   did
                   appoint
                   unto
                   every
                   one
                   
                   the
                   several
                   adventures
                   of
                   his
                   Life
                   ,
                   what
                   they
                   had
                   decreed
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Judgment
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   altered
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   more
                   
                   especially
                   busied
                   in
                   handling
                   the
                   thred
                   and
                   disposing
                   of
                   the
                   course
                   of
                   mens
                   lives
                   ,
                   the
                   youngest
                   held
                   the
                   distaff
                   and
                   did
                   draw
                   the
                   thred
                   ,
                   the
                   seeond
                   in
                   age
                   did
                   wind
                   it
                   about
                   the
                   Spindle
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   third
                   old
                   and
                   decrepit
                   ,
                   did
                   cut
                   it
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   this
                   was
                   followed
                   with
                   the
                   immediate
                   death
                   of
                   the
                   person
                   living
                   .
                
                 
                   Assoon
                   as
                   the
                   Souls
                   were
                   arrived
                   in
                   Hell
                   they
                   did
                   go
                   to
                   give
                   an
                   account
                   of
                   their
                   lives
                   before
                   
                     Minos
                     Rhadamantus
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Aeacus
                   their
                   Judges
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   in
                   their
                   keeping
                   the
                   fatal
                   Chest
                   where
                   the
                   names
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   living
                   upon
                   Earth
                   ,
                   were
                   contained
                   ,
                   out
                   of
                   it
                   was
                   drawn
                   every
                   mans
                   name
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   arrived
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   his
                   dayes
                   ,
                   The
                   Gods
                   had
                   intrusted
                   these
                   men
                   with
                   this
                   Office
                   ,
                   because
                   during
                   their
                   lives
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   very
                   just
                   in
                   their
                   Judgments
                   :
                   Here
                   we
                   must
                   not
                   forget
                   what
                   is
                   related
                   of
                   Aeacus
                   when
                   the
                   plague
                   had
                   carried
                   away
                   all
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   the
                   Isle
                   of
                   Egine
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   King
                   ,
                   he
                   obtained
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   the
                   favour
                   that
                   all
                   the
                   Ants
                   should
                   be
                   changed
                   into
                   men
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Island
                   might
                   be
                   again
                   filled
                   with
                   Inhabitants
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   therefore
                   called
                   Myrmidones
                   ;
                   The
                   truth
                   is
                   they
                   were
                   thus
                   named
                   because
                   they
                   did
                   mightily
                   apply
                   themselves
                   in
                   the
                   improvement
                   of
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Ants
                   they
                   were
                   allwayes
                   stirring
                   it
                   up
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   When
                   these
                   infernal
                   Judges
                   had
                   pronounced
                   their
                   sentence
                   against
                   the
                   wicked
                   Souls
                   they
                   were
                   cast
                   headlong
                   by
                   the
                   furies
                   into
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Tartare
                   ,
                   a
                   dreadfull
                   place
                   designed
                   for
                   their
                   punishment
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   were
                   to
                   be
                   seen
                   the
                   Gyants
                   and
                   the
                   Titans
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   the
                   flames
                   loaden
                   with
                   huge
                   mountains
                   ,
                   to
                   hinder
                   them
                   from
                   rising
                   again
                   .
                   And
                   Tantalus
                   that
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   perish
                   with
                   hunger
                   and
                   thirst
                   encompassed
                   with
                   the
                   abundance
                   of
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   dainties
                   .
                   There
                   was
                   also
                   Salmoneus
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   ●lide
                   who
                   had
                   bin
                   struck
                   dead
                   with
                   Jupiters
                   thunderbolts
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   the
                   impudency
                   to
                   counterfeit
                   and
                   play
                   the
                   God
                   upon
                   a
                   Bridge
                   of
                   Brass
                   causing
                   his
                   Chariot
                   to
                   run
                   over
                   it
                   that
                   it
                   might
                   yeild
                   a
                   noise
                   like
                   that
                   of
                   the
                   Thunder
                   :
                   In
                   his
                   conrse
                   he
                   did
                   cast
                   on
                   every
                   side
                   flaming
                   Torches
                   to
                   represent
                   the
                   Lightning
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   of
                   the
                   spectators
                   upon
                   whom
                   they
                   did
                   unhappily
                   fall
                   were
                   cruelly
                   murdered
                   by
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   this
                   place
                   were
                   also
                   the
                   Danaides
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Belides
                   ,
                   so
                   named
                   from
                   Belus
                   their
                   Grandfather
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   the
                   Daughters
                   of
                   Danaus
                   ,
                   from
                   whom
                   the
                   Greeks
                   have
                   taken
                   their
                   name
                   Danai
                   .
                   This
                   Danaus
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   marry
                   them
                   to
                   the
                   sons
                   of
                   Egyptus
                   his
                   Brother
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   equal
                   in
                   number
                   ,
                   for
                   Egyptus
                   had
                   fifty
                   Sons
                   for
                   the
                   fifty
                   Daughters
                   of
                   Danaus
                   ;
                   But
                   these
                   wretched
                   Creatures
                   cutt
                   their
                   Husbands
                   throats
                   the
                   first
                   night
                   that
                   they
                   came
                   together
                   ,
                   only
                   one
                   excepted
                   ;
                   
                   therefore
                   they
                   were
                   condemned
                   in
                   Hell
                   to
                   fill
                   up
                   with
                   Water
                   a
                   Tunn
                   ,
                   without
                   a
                   bottom
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   could
                   never
                   effect
                   ,
                   because
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   poure
                   in
                   ,
                   as
                   much
                   did
                   run
                   out
                   .
                
                 
                   Here
                   was
                   also
                   one
                   Sysiphus
                   a
                   famous
                   Robber
                   ,
                   forced
                   to
                   heave
                   up
                   a
                   great
                   stone
                   with
                   his
                   Shoulder
                   to
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   a
                   Mountain
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   almost
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   his
                   labour
                   ,
                   it
                   did
                   fall
                   again
                   to
                   the
                   bottom
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   constrained
                   to
                   be
                   allwayesbegining
                   .
                
                 
                   Ixion
                   was
                   here
                   tyed
                   about
                   a
                   Wheele
                   that
                   did
                   continually
                   move
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   condemned
                   to
                   this
                   punishment
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   so
                   bold
                   as
                   to
                   seek
                   a
                   too
                   familiar
                   acquaintance
                   with
                   
                     Juno
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                  
                   to
                   be
                   better
                   informed
                   of
                   his
                   intentions
                   ,
                   presented
                   unto
                   him
                   a
                   Cloud
                   in
                   Juno's
                   likeness
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   begot
                   the
                   Centauri
                   ,
                   half
                   Men
                   and
                   halfe
                   Horses
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   the
                   Men
                   that
                   had
                   lived
                   an
                   honourable
                   life
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   those
                   that
                   had
                   ended
                   their
                   appointed
                   time
                   in
                   the
                   Tartare
                   ,
                   were
                   conducted
                   into
                   the
                   Elisian
                   Feilds
                   ,
                   Places
                   that
                   did
                   abound
                   with
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   delights
                   and
                   satisfactions
                   .
                   But
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   a
                   certain
                   number
                   of
                   years
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   return
                   into
                   the
                   World
                   again
                   to
                   live
                   in
                   other
                   Bodies
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   Souls
                   might
                   not
                   retain
                   any
                   remembrance
                   of
                   these
                   Elysian
                   Feilds
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   drink
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   Lethe
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   the
                   virtue
                   of
                   causing
                   them
                   to
                   forget
                   all
                   the
                   things
                   past
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   It
                   is
                   very
                   remarkable
                   that
                   the
                   Papists
                   do
                   follow
                   in
                   their
                   descriptions
                   and
                   fancies
                   of
                   Hell
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   its
                   suburbs
                   ,
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   or
                   Romans
                   their
                   predecessors
                   ,
                   who
                   with
                   the
                   Empire
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   have
                   left
                   them
                   many
                   of
                   their
                   groundless
                   opinions
                   ,
                   and
                   strange
                   superstitions
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   former
                   did
                   imagine
                   ,
                   several
                   apartments
                   under
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   subterraneous
                   places
                   ,
                   so
                   the
                   latter
                   do
                   maintain
                   divers
                   retreats
                   of
                   the
                   soul
                   after
                   Death
                   ,
                   The
                   Purgatorie
                   of
                   the
                   Poets
                   described
                   by
                   Virgil
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   same
                   as
                   that
                   of
                   these
                   mistaken
                   Christians
                   .
                
                 
                   Pluto
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Hell
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Riches
                   he
                   had
                   two
                   keys
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   attended
                   
                   by
                   a
                   dreadfull
                   train
                   ,
                   by
                   Cerberus
                   with
                   three
                   heads
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   furies
                   the
                   Paucae
                   ;
                   &c.
                   *
                   he
                   had
                   upon
                   his
                   head
                   a
                   Helmet
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   render
                   him
                   invisible
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   those
                   that
                   did
                   ware
                   it
                   ;
                   by
                   this
                   is
                   intimated
                   the
                   safety
                   men
                   finde
                   in
                   the
                   grave
                   .
                   His
                   sacrifices
                   were
                   performed
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Tree
                   that
                   was
                   dedicated
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   
                   was
                   the
                   Cypress
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   a
                   blinde
                   God
                   that
                   did
                   not
                   love
                   to
                   see
                   any
                   light
                   ,
                   therefore
                   the
                   Poets
                   say
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   mightily
                   afraid
                   when
                   the
                   Earth
                   doth
                   quake
                   and
                   let
                   in
                   the
                   day
                   into
                   Hell.
                   
                   
                
                 
                   Charon
                   the
                   sonn
                   of
                   Erebus
                   ,
                   &
                   of
                   the
                   night
                   was
                   his
                   Ferry-man
                   to
                   convey
                   the
                   Souls
                   of
                   the
                   deceased
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   greedy
                   of
                   mony
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   would
                   let
                   none
                   pass
                   without
                   a
                   peice
                   of
                   Silver
                   ,
                   which
                   the
                   Souls
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   carry
                   betweene
                   their
                   lipps
                   ,
                   those
                   that
                   were
                   not
                   dead
                   or
                   unburied
                   were
                   never
                   admitted
                   into
                   this
                   mans
                   boat
                   .
                   Yet
                   Aeneas
                   by
                   his
                   Piety
                   ,
                   Hercules
                   and
                   Theseus
                   
                   by
                   their
                   valor
                   ,
                   and
                   Orpheus
                   by
                   his
                   musick
                   obtained
                   the
                   priviledge
                   of
                   viewing
                   Hell
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   passing
                   to
                   and
                   fro
                   in
                   old
                   Charons
                   ferry
                   boat
                   .
                
                 
                   Cerberus
                   was
                   an
                   ill
                   shap't
                   and
                   a
                   cruel
                   mastif
                   begot
                   of
                   Typhon
                   and
                   
                     Echidna
                     ,
                     Hercules
                  
                   had
                   the
                   strength
                   to
                   drag
                   him
                   from
                   under
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   bring
                   him
                   to
                   see
                   the
                   light
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   upon
                   Earth
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   reported
                   that
                   he
                   vomitted
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   and
                   immediately
                   a
                   new
                   herb
                   sprung
                   forth
                   called
                   Aconitum
                   ,
                   wolfes
                   bane
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   these
                   lower
                   Regions
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   were
                   several
                   strange
                   Goddesses
                   ,
                   Nox
                   the
                   night
                   was
                   she
                   that
                   had
                   the
                   greatest
                   command
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   remarkable
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   held
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   Love
                   ,
                   of
                   Deceit
                   ,
                   of
                   Old-Age
                   ,
                   of
                   Death
                   ,
                   of
                   Sleep
                   ,
                   of
                   Dreams
                   ,
                   of
                   Complaint
                   ,
                   of
                   Feare
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Darkness
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Cock
                   was
                   offerred
                   in
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   &
                   she
                   was
                   painted
                   with
                   black
                   hair
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Garland
                   of
                   Poppies
                   about
                   her
                   head
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   Chariot
                   was
                   draw'n
                   with
                   black
                   Horses
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   her
                   Arms
                   a
                   white
                   boy
                   signifying
                   Sleep
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   black
                   one
                   intimating
                   Death
                   ,
                   both
                   taking
                   their
                   rest
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   harpies
                   were
                   strange
                   sorts
                   of
                   Birds
                   painted
                   with
                   womens
                   Faces
                   ,
                   Dragons
                   Tailes
                   ,
                   and
                   Eagles
                   Talons
                   ;
                   they
                   are
                   sometimes
                   called
                   Furiae
                   ,
                   Striges
                   ,
                   and
                   Lamiae
                   .
                   They
                   were
                   said
                   to
                   suck
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   Infants
                   ,
                   there
                   were
                   three
                   in
                   number
                   
                     Aello
                     ,
                     Ocypete
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Celaeno
                   ,
                   They
                   were
                   very
                   troublesome
                   at
                   publick
                   Feasts
                   ;
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   ,
                   and
                   especially
                   to
                   blind
                   Peneus
                   ,
                   but
                   Calais
                   
                   and
                   Zetis
                   the
                   two
                   Children
                   of
                   Boreas
                   and
                   Orythea
                   ,
                   had
                   pity
                   of
                   the
                   old
                   man
                   having
                   therefore
                   winged
                   feet
                   ,
                   they
                   persued
                   the
                   Harpies
                   and
                   drove
                   them
                   from
                   Peneas
                   Stable
                   ,
                   afterwards
                   they
                   were
                   confined
                   to
                   Hell
                   ,
                   their
                   next
                   neighbour
                   was
                   a
                   cruel
                   Monster
                   ,
                   named
                   Chimera
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   dreadfull
                   because
                   of
                   it's
                   mishapen
                   body
                   ,
                   but
                   much
                   more
                   because
                   it
                   breathed
                   forth
                   nothing
                   but
                   flames
                   of
                   fire
                   .
                   The
                   furies
                   had
                   here
                   their
                   habitation
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   the
                   Gods
                   had
                   any
                   great
                   designe
                   in
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   in
                   raising
                   of
                   Wars
                   or
                   troubling
                   the
                   peace
                   of
                   Men
                   they
                   did
                   send
                   for
                   these
                   furies
                   of
                   Hell
                   ,
                   who
                   disguising
                   themselves
                   did
                   go
                   and
                   perform
                   the
                   commissions
                   with
                   which
                   they
                   were
                   intrusted
                   ,
                   by
                   applying
                   their
                   burning
                   Torches
                   to
                   the
                   heart
                   and
                   affections
                   of
                   the
                   persons
                   with
                   whom
                   they
                   were
                   concerned
                   .
                   This
                   represents
                   unto
                   us
                   ,
                   how
                   the
                   Devils
                   do
                   tempt
                   us
                   inwardly
                   to
                   evil
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Heathens
                   did
                   imagine
                   a
                   severer
                   Justice
                   in
                   Hell
                   than
                   was
                   upon
                   Earth
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   placed
                   three
                   Kings
                   eminent
                   for
                   their
                   upright
                   dealing
                   ,
                   to
                   judge
                   and
                   dispose
                   of
                   the
                   estate
                   of
                   every
                   one
                   according
                   to
                   his
                   deserts
                   ,
                   the
                   Souls
                   were
                   brought
                   before
                   them
                   naked
                   ,
                   without
                   any
                   ornament
                   or
                   name
                   that
                   might
                   render
                   them
                   recommendable
                   ,
                   therefore
                   the
                   wicked
                   were
                   punished
                   with
                   fire
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   good
                   were
                   admitted
                   immediately
                   into
                   the
                   Elysean
                   feilds
                   .
                
                 
                   Ixion
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Phlegias
                   ,
                   is
                   remarkable
                   amongst
                   the
                   wicked
                   not
                   only
                   by
                   his
                   horrid
                   murder
                   which
                   he
                   committed
                   under
                   the
                   pretence
                   of
                   friendship
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   cast
                   his
                   Father
                   in
                   law
                   into
                   a
                   pitt
                   of
                   
                   burning
                   coals
                   :
                   his
                   troubled
                   Conscience
                   caused
                   him
                   afterwards
                   to
                   wander
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   the
                   Earth
                   until
                   Jupiter
                   out
                   of
                   pity
                   made
                   satisfaction
                   for
                   his
                   crime
                   ,
                   and
                   received
                   him
                   into
                   heaven
                   ,
                   where
                   ease
                   and
                   pleasure
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   become
                   both
                   wanton
                   and
                   ungratefull
                   ,
                   He
                   fell
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   Juno
                   ,
                   and
                   sought
                   to
                   defile
                   Jupiters
                   bed
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   heard
                   of
                   it
                   he
                   presented
                   unto
                   him
                   a
                   serving
                   maid
                   ,
                   called
                   Nephele
                   a
                   Cloud
                   in
                   Juno's
                   habit
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   begot
                   the
                   lecherous
                   Centaurs
                   :
                   By
                   that
                   means
                   falling
                   into
                   disgrace
                   with
                   Jupiter
                   he
                   was
                   sent
                   back
                   again
                   upon
                   Earth
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   began
                   to
                   brag
                   of
                   his
                   prancks
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   Juno
                   had
                   submitted
                   to
                   his
                   lust
                   for
                   which
                   he
                   was
                   by
                   Jupiter
                   condemned
                   to
                   this
                   torment
                   in
                   Hell
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   continually
                   carried
                   about
                   a
                   wheele
                   which
                   never
                   stood
                   still
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   Orpheus
                   was
                   there
                   playing
                   upon
                   his
                   Harp.
                   
                
                 
                   Sisiphus
                   the
                   son
                   of
                   Aeolus
                   was
                   accused
                   for
                   having
                   discovered
                   the
                   secrets
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   particularly
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   made
                   him
                   the
                   confident
                   of
                   his
                   love
                   to
                   Aegina
                   ,
                   the
                   daughter
                   of
                   Asopus
                   ,
                   also
                   for
                   having
                   spoken
                   irreverently
                   of
                   him
                   and
                   for
                   having
                   spoiled
                   and
                   murdered
                   strangers
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   enormities
                   he
                   was
                   first
                   slain
                   by
                   Theseus
                   and
                   then
                   sent
                   to
                   Hell
                   to
                   roll
                   up
                   a
                   great
                   stone
                   that
                   did
                   fall
                   down
                   again
                   and
                   renew
                   his
                   labours
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XIV
                   ,
                
                 
                   Of
                   some
                   other
                   Divinities
                   .
                
                 
                   BEsides
                   these
                   common
                   and
                   universal
                   divinities
                   that
                   we
                   have
                   mentioned
                   the
                   Heathens
                   did
                   fancy
                   others
                   who
                   had
                   a
                   particular
                   kindness
                   ,
                   for
                   certain
                   houses
                   and
                   persons
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   domestick
                   Gods
                   were
                   named
                   Lares
                   or
                   Penates
                   they
                   were
                   in
                   shape
                   like
                   Monkies
                   placed
                   in
                   some
                   private
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   house
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   the
                   Chimney
                   corner
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   honour
                   them
                   as
                   their
                   Protectors
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   did
                   make
                   unto
                   them
                   offerings
                   of
                   wine
                   and
                   frankinsence
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   did
                   also
                   imagine
                   that
                   every
                   one
                   was
                   borne
                   with
                   two
                   Genii
                   proper
                   unto
                   his
                   person
                   ,
                   named
                   Daemones
                   ;
                   the
                   one
                   was
                   the
                   good
                   and
                   favourable
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   perswade
                   him
                   to
                   honesty
                   and
                   virtue
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   recompence
                   did
                   procure
                   unto
                   him
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   good
                   things
                   proper
                   to
                   our
                   Estates
                   .
                   The
                   other
                   was
                   the
                   Evil
                   Genius
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   all
                   wickedness
                   and
                   mishap
                   when
                   he
                   did
                   get
                   the
                   upper
                   hand
                   in
                   us
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Heathens
                   did
                   acknowledge
                   also
                   a
                   Great
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   named
                   Fortune
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   in
                   her
                   possession
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   her
                   disposal
                   ,
                   the
                   honors
                   ,
                   the
                   riches
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   happiness
                   of
                   this
                   life
                   ,
                   she
                   did
                   give
                   them
                   and
                   take
                   them
                   away
                   at
                   her
                   pleasure
                   :
                   But
                   this
                   is
                   noted
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   blind
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   unconstant
                   ;
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   was
                   a
                   Wheel
                   that
                   she
                   did
                   turn
                   without
                   ceasing
                   ,
                   
                   raising
                   sometimes
                   men
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   the
                   Wheel
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   casting
                   them
                   down
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   there
                   was
                   nothing
                   setled
                   or
                   assured
                   that
                   did
                   concern
                   her
                   .
                   She
                   was
                   adored
                   by
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   men
                   ,
                   the
                   greatest
                   Princes
                   had
                   one
                   of
                   Gold
                   kept
                   safe
                   with
                   them
                   in
                   their
                   dwellings
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   be
                   always
                   favourable
                   unto
                   them
                   :
                   The
                   Goddess
                   Nemesis
                   ,
                   or
                   Vindiciae
                   ,
                   had
                   an
                   eye
                   upon
                   the
                   crimes
                   and
                   misdemeanours
                   of
                   every
                   one
                   to
                   punish
                   them
                   .
                   The
                   God
                   Momus
                   was
                   worshipped
                   by
                   them
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   grew
                   mightily
                   out
                   of
                   favour
                   ,
                   and
                   became
                   odious
                   to
                   all
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   his
                   ill
                   qualities
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   had
                   his
                   beginning
                   from
                   Sleep
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Night
                   :
                   And
                   although
                   he
                   was
                   very
                   slothful
                   and
                   ignorant
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   nevertheless
                   one
                   that
                   found
                   fault
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   did
                   prattle
                   of
                   every
                   thing
                   ,
                   which
                   did
                   proceed
                   partly
                   from
                   his
                   vanity
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   partly
                   from
                   the
                   ness
                   of
                   his
                   judgment
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   God
                   of
                   particular
                   persons
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Kingdomes
                   ,
                   was
                   named
                   Genius
                   ;
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   continual
                   eye
                   over
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   accompany
                   them
                   to
                   the
                   Grave
                   .
                   The
                   Genius
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Roman
                     State
                  
                   was
                   painted
                   with
                   a
                   Horn
                   of
                   abundance
                   in
                   one
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   dish
                   full
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   stretched
                   out
                   upon
                   an
                   Altar
                   .
                   The
                   Heathens
                   said
                   ,
                   hat
                   their
                   Genii
                   were
                   of
                   a
                   Nature
                   between
                   God
                   and
                   Man
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   they
                   imagined
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Sons
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   Terra
                   .
                   All
                   the
                   Stars
                   were
                   reckoned
                   in
                   their
                   number
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   they
                   did
                   worship
                   them
                   as
                   the
                   Jews
                   did
                   in
                   the
                   quality
                   of
                   Angels
                   :
                   
                   They
                   did
                   paint
                   them
                   differently
                   ,
                   sometimes
                   as
                   a
                   Serpent
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   as
                   Boys
                   or
                   Girls
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   Old
                   Men
                   ;
                   but
                   a
                   Garland
                   of
                   a
                   Palm-tree
                   was
                   always
                   upon
                   their
                   heads
                   ,
                   therefore
                   this
                   Tree
                   is
                   named
                   Genialis
                   .
                   In
                   some
                   ancient
                   Medals
                   ,
                   the
                   Genius
                   of
                   the
                   Emperour
                   was
                   represeuted
                   as
                   a
                   Man
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   large
                   dish
                   of
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Flowers
                   in
                   one
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Scourge
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   both
                   rewards
                   and
                   punishments
                   :
                   They
                   thought
                   it
                   not
                   lawful
                   to
                   kill
                   any
                   Creature
                   unto
                   their
                   Genius
                   ,
                   because
                   it
                   was
                   not
                   decent
                   that
                   they
                   should
                   cause
                   Creatures
                   to
                   loose
                   their
                   lives
                   ,
                   the
                   day
                   on
                   which
                   they
                   received
                   theirs
                   ;
                   yet
                   Horace
                   mentions
                   the
                   killing
                   of
                   a
                   Pig
                   of
                   two
                   moneths
                   old
                   .
                   The
                   usual
                   offerings
                   to
                   the
                   Genius
                   were
                   Wine
                   and
                   Flowers
                   ;
                   as
                   the
                   men
                   had
                   their
                   Genii
                   ,
                   the
                   Women
                   had
                   also
                   their
                   Junones
                   Goddesses
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   watch
                   over
                   and
                   protect
                   them
                   .
                   
                     
                       Magnigeni
                       cape
                       thura
                       lubens
                       votisque
                       faveto
                       ,
                       
                    
                  
                
                 
                   And
                   
                     
                       Funde
                       merum
                       Genio
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   The
                   Penates
                   were
                   the
                   Gods
                   that
                   were
                   placed
                   in
                   
                     penetralibus
                     domi
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   inner
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   house
                   ,
                   as
                   Guardians
                   and
                   Protectors
                   ●o
                   it
                   :
                   There
                   were
                   the
                   Penates
                   of
                   Cities
                   ,
                   of
                   Kingdomes
                   ,
                   of
                   Heaven
                   and
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   many
                   eminent
                   dwellings
                   ;
                   Aeneas
                   brought
                   his
                   from
                   Troy
                   ,
                   that
                   were
                   two
                   young
                   men
                   in
                   a
                   sitting
                   Posture
                   :
                   The
                   Dictator
                   and
                   chief
                   Magistrates
                   of
                   Rome
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   them
                   when
                   they
                   entered
                   into
                   their
                   Offices
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Vesta
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                   Lares
                   is
                   another
                   kind
                   of
                   Domestick
                   Gods
                   in
                   Figure
                   ,
                   like
                   a
                   Dog
                   :
                   Plutarch
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   but
                   covered
                   with
                   a
                   Dogs
                   skin
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Dog
                   was
                   placed
                   next
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   the
                   watchfulness
                   and
                   care
                   they
                   had
                   of
                   the
                   house
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   friendship
                   to
                   those
                   who
                   did
                   belong
                   to
                   it
                   .
                   The
                   Fable
                   says
                   ,
                   that
                   Lara
                   being
                   condemned
                   to
                   loose
                   her
                   tongue
                   ,
                   for
                   revealing
                   unto
                   
                     Juno
                     Jupiters
                  
                   intention
                   of
                   deflouring
                   Juturna
                   ;
                   and
                   being
                   sent
                   in
                   Mercuries
                   custody
                   to
                   Hell
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   he
                   layed
                   with
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   begot
                   two
                   Sons
                   named
                   Lares
                   ,
                   from
                   whom
                   these
                   Gods
                   are
                   derived
                   .
                
                 
                   Fortune
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Oceanus
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   servant
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   was
                   carried
                   in
                   a
                   Chariot
                   drag'd
                   by
                   four
                   blind
                   horses
                   ,
                   under
                   her
                   feet
                   lay
                   a
                   Globe
                   ,
                   in
                   her
                   right
                   hand
                   the
                   Helm
                   of
                   a
                   Ship
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   her
                   left
                   the
                   Horn
                   of
                   Plenty
                   :
                   She
                   had
                   several
                   Images
                   ,
                   Statues
                   and
                   Temples
                   erected
                   to
                   her
                   honour
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Romans
                   did
                   worship
                   none
                   more
                   than
                   Fortuna
                   :
                   At
                   her
                   right
                   hand
                   did
                   play
                   upon
                   a
                   Wheel
                   a
                   young
                   Youth
                   ,
                   with
                   Wings
                   upon
                   his
                   shoulders
                   ,
                   named
                   Favor
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   how
                   soon
                   her
                   favours
                   may
                   fly
                   away
                   from
                   us
                   .
                   Two
                   Images
                   were
                   remarkable
                   at
                   
                     Rome
                     ,
                     Fortuna
                     Calva
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   〈…〉
                   both
                   very
                   significant
                   .
                   〈…〉
                   several
                   Temples
                   built
                   〈…〉
                   Fortune
                   ,
                   one
                   to
                   
                     Fortuna
                     〈…〉
                  
                   in
                   the
                   Capitol
                   another
                   to
                   
                     Fortuna
                     obsequens
                  
                   ,
                   to
                   
                     Fortuna
                     privata
                  
                   ,
                   to
                   
                     Fortuna
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   the
                   later
                   was
                   near
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Venus
                   ;
                   〈◊〉
                   to
                   
                     Fortuna
                     barbata
                  
                   ,
                   to
                   
                     Fortuna
                     publica
                  
                   ,
                   to
                   
                     Fortuna
                     plebeia
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   another
                   to
                   
                     Fortuna
                     muliebris
                  
                   ,
                   whose
                   Statue
                   had
                   the
                   power
                   to
                   speak
                   ,
                   
                   as
                   
                     Val.
                     Max.
                     l.
                     5.
                     cap.
                     2.
                  
                   informs
                   us
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   several
                   other
                   kinds
                   of
                   Fortune
                   Temples
                   were
                   erected
                   .
                   When
                   Fortune
                   was
                   not
                   favourable
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   ●ad
                   her
                   with
                   Curses
                   and
                   Imprecations
                   .
                
                 
                   Nemesis
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   Necessity
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Revenge
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   called
                   Adrastia
                   ,
                   because
                   Adrastus
                   built
                   her
                   a
                   Temple
                   ;
                   and
                   Rhamnusia
                   ,
                   from
                   a
                   place
                   in
                   Greece
                   where
                   she
                   was
                   worshipped
                   :
                   She
                   was
                   painted
                   as
                   Justice
                   is
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Sword
                   in
                   one
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   pair
                   of
                   Balances
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   sad
                   countenance
                   of
                   a
                   Virgin
                   ,
                   and
                   piercing
                   Eyes
                   ,
                   or
                   with
                   a
                   Bridle
                   and
                   a
                   Ruler
                   .
                   The
                   Heathens
                   did
                   think
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   would
                   either
                   reward
                   or
                   punish
                   all
                   the
                   actions
                   of
                   our
                   life
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   imployment
                   of
                   Momus
                   was
                   to
                   reprove
                   the
                   faults
                   of
                   every
                   one
                   ▪
                   he
                   did
                   not
                   like
                   Vulcans
                   Man
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   not
                   a
                   Window
                   in
                   his
                   brest
                   that
                   his
                   thoughts
                   thorough
                   it
                   might
                   be
                   seen
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   not
                   pleased
                   with
                   the
                   Slippers
                   of
                   Venus
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   made
                   too
                   much
                   noise
                   :
                   He
                   reproved
                   
                     Neptunes
                     Bull
                  
                   ,
                   for
                   not
                   having
                   Horns
                   on
                   his
                   shoulders
                   ,
                   rather
                   than
                   on
                   his
                   head
                   ;
                   and
                   Minerva's
                   House
                   ,
                   because
                   it
                   was
                   not
                   moveable
                   .
                
                 
                   Besides
                   these
                   Gods
                   that
                   were
                   worshipped
                   by
                   most
                   Nations
                   ,
                   the
                   Romans
                   had
                   several
                   otbers
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   many
                   kinds
                   :
                   Some
                   were
                   called
                   Indigetes
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   advanced
                   from
                   the
                   Estate
                   of
                   Men
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   honour
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   :
                   Of
                   this
                   number
                   were
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   unto
                   whom
                   divers
                   Chappels
                   and
                   Altars
                   were
                   erected
                   in
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   many
                   favourable
                   Epithets
                   ascribed
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Magnus
                     Victor
                     
                     Triumphator
                     ,
                     Defensor
                     ,
                     &c.
                     
                     Faunus
                  
                   was
                   another
                   ,
                   
                     Carmenta
                     Evanders
                  
                   wife
                   another
                   ,
                   and
                   Evander
                   himself
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Natives
                   of
                   
                     Italy
                     ,
                     Castor
                  
                   and
                   
                     Pollux
                     ,
                     Aesculapius
                     ,
                     Acca
                     Laurentia
                     ,
                  
                   the
                   Nurse
                   of
                   Romulus
                   and
                   
                     Remus
                     ,
                     Quirinus
                  
                   ,
                   a
                   name
                   of
                   Romulus
                   ;
                   from
                   whence
                   comes
                   the
                   word
                   Quirites
                   ,
                   the
                   Romans
                   Title
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   the
                   perfections
                   and
                   virtues
                   of
                   the
                   Soul
                   were
                   also
                   adored
                   as
                   so
                   many
                   Goddesses
                   ,
                   Mens
                   the
                   mind
                   ,
                   Virtus
                   virtue
                   ,
                   Honos
                   honor
                   ,
                   Pietas
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   And
                   over
                   every
                   part
                   of
                   a
                   mans
                   life
                   they
                   had
                   particular
                   Gods
                   and
                   Divinities
                   :
                   The
                   young
                   Babes
                   were
                   under
                   the
                   protection
                   of
                   these
                   ,
                   
                     Opis
                     ,
                     Nascio
                  
                   ,
                   *
                   
                     Vaticanus
                     ,
                     Levana
                     ,
                     Cumina
                  
                   ,
                   Goddesses
                   that
                   did
                   look
                   to
                   the
                   Chill
                   in
                   the
                   Crad
                   e
                   ,
                   Rumina
                   that
                   did
                   assist
                   it
                   to
                   suck
                   ;
                   
                     Potina
                     ,
                     Educa
                     ,
                     Ossilago
                     ,
                     Fabulinus
                     ,
                     Carnea
                     ,
                     Juventas
                     ,
                     Orbona
                     ,
                     Volupia
                     ,
                     Lubentina-Anculi
                     Dii
                     ,
                  
                   were
                   honored
                   by
                   servants
                   .
                   The
                   new-married
                   Couple
                   had
                   several
                   Gods
                   ,
                   Jugatinus
                   that
                   did
                   joyn
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   Domiducus
                   he
                   that
                   led
                   the
                   Bride
                   home
                   ,
                   
                     Minturna
                     Dea
                     ,
                     Virginensis
                     ,
                     Cinxia
                     ,
                     Mutinus
                     ,
                     Deus
                     Pater
                     ,
                     Subigus
                     ,
                     Dea
                     mater
                     prema
                     ,
                     Viriplaca
                     Dea.
                  
                   All
                   these
                   had
                   their
                   several
                   Offices
                   appointed
                   them
                   in
                   Marriages
                   :
                   The
                   Goddesses
                   of
                   Child-bearing
                   are
                   
                     Mena
                     Dea
                     ,
                     Juno
                     ,
                     Fluonia
                     ,
                     &
                     Lucina
                     ,
                     Pertunda
                     ,
                     Latona
                     ,
                     Egeria
                     ,
                     Bona
                     Dea
                     ,
                     Magna
                     Genata
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Murica
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Laziness
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Strenua
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   of
                   Strength
                   and
                   Valour
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Stimula
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   prompts
                   men
                   to
                   labour
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Agonius
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   bless
                   their
                   undertakings
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                     Dea
                     Horta
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   perswade
                   them
                   to
                   any
                   business
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Catius
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   that
                   made
                   them
                   careful
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Volumnus
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   their
                   Wills.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Adeona
                     &
                     abeona
                     Deae
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddesses
                   of
                   their
                   coming
                   in
                   ,
                   and
                   going
                   out
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Vitula
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Joy
                   or
                   Victory
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Pellonia
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   she
                   that
                   was
                   active
                   in
                   driving
                   away
                   their
                   Enemies
                   .
                
                 
                   Fessonia
                   ,
                   she
                   who
                   did
                   help
                   the
                   wearied
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Averruncus
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   divert
                   from
                   us
                   all
                   evil
                   .
                
                 
                   Angerona
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   silence
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Laverna
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   bless
                   the
                   Thieves
                   in
                   their
                   Robberies
                   ,
                   and
                   unto
                   whom
                   they
                   did
                   offer
                   Sacrifice
                   .
                   They
                   that
                   were
                   under
                   her
                   protection
                   ,
                   did
                   divide
                   the
                   Spoil
                   in
                   her
                   Wood
                   ,
                   where
                   her
                   Temple
                   was
                   erected
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   were
                   called
                   
                     Fures
                     Laverniones
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Naaenia
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Funerals
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   There
                   were
                   also
                   amongst
                   the
                   Romans
                   the
                   Gods
                   and
                   Goddesses
                   of
                   the
                   Fields
                   ,
                   besides
                   the
                   multitude
                   of
                   Nymphs
                   and
                   Satyrs
                   :
                   These
                   were
                   the
                   most
                   noted
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Pales
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Fodder
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Shepherds
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Flora
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   a
                   remarkable
                   Whore
                   ,
                   who
                   gave
                   all
                   her
                   Estate
                   to
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   upon
                   condition
                   that
                   they
                   would
                   honor
                   her
                   Birth-day
                   with
                   Plays
                   :
                   The
                   Senate
                   to
                   remove
                   the
                   infamy
                   of
                   her
                   life
                   ,
                   created
                   her
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Flowers
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   offer
                   unto
                   her
                   Sacrifice
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   bless
                   the
                   hopeful
                   encrease
                   of
                   the
                   Fruits
                   and
                   Flowers
                   :
                   
                   In
                   her
                   honor
                   were
                   instituted
                   the
                   Floralia
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Pamona
                     Dea
                  
                   had
                   a
                   Command
                   over
                   the
                   Apples
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   like
                   Fruits
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Tutilina
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   had
                   an
                   eye
                   over
                   the
                   Corn.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Robigus
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   did
                   preserve
                   the
                   Corn
                   from
                   the
                   infection
                   of
                   the
                   ayr
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Populonia
                     &
                     fulgor
                     Dii
                  
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   keep
                   the
                   Corn
                   from
                   the
                   Thunder
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Pilumnus
                     &
                     Picumnus
                     Dii
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   latter
                   is
                   called
                   Sterquilinus
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   taught
                   men
                   to
                   improve
                   the
                   ground
                   with
                   Dung
                   :
                   The
                   first
                   is
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Millers
                   .
                
                 
                   Bubona
                   Dea
                   ,
                   
                     of
                     Oxen.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   Hippona
                   Dea
                   ,
                   
                     of
                     Horses
                  
                   ,
                
                 
                   Mellona
                   Dea
                   ,
                   
                     of
                     Bees
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Jugatinus
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   live
                   upon
                   the
                   Mountains
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Rusina
                     Dea
                  
                   ,
                   a
                   Country
                   Goddess
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Terminus
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Limits
                   :
                   The
                   people
                   of
                   Rome
                   were
                   commanded
                   to
                   set
                   stones
                   upon
                   the
                   confines
                   of
                   their
                   ground
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   called
                   Terminalia
                   ;
                   upon
                   them
                   they
                   did
                   offer
                   to
                   Jupiter
                   every
                   year
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   any
                   was
                   so
                   impudent
                   as
                   to
                   remove
                   them
                   ,
                   his
                   Head
                   was
                   to
                   satisfie
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   unto
                   whom
                   they
                   were
                   consecrated
                   .
                   These
                   Stones
                   were
                   crowned
                   every
                   year
                   with
                   Flowers
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   them
                   Milk
                   was
                   offered
                   to
                   Terminus
                   .
                
                 
                   Pan
                   was
                   a
                   Field
                   God.
                   
                
                 
                   Sylvanus
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Cattel
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   .
                
                 
                   Priapus
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   the
                   most
                   impure
                   and
                   shameless
                   of
                   all
                   their
                   Gods
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   also
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   
                   Marriners
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   
                   Gardens
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   painted
                   naked
                   ,
                   as
                   all
                   the
                   other
                   Gods
                   and
                   Goddesses
                   of
                   Love.
                   
                     Feronia
                     Dea
                  
                   was
                   also
                   a
                   Divinity
                   of
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   
                     Jupiter
                     Anxur
                  
                   in
                   Italy
                   ;
                   near
                   her
                   Temple
                   was
                   a
                   large
                   Wood
                   which
                   took
                   fire
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   the
                   people
                   did
                   run
                   to
                   extinguish
                   it
                   ,
                   of
                   its
                   own
                   accord
                   the
                   fire
                   went
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Wood
                   in
                   a
                   moment
                   became
                   green
                   again
                   and
                   flourishing
                   .
                   The
                   Slaves
                   who
                   were
                   to
                   be
                   made
                   free
                   ,
                   did
                   receive
                   the
                   badges
                   of
                   liberty
                   in
                   her
                   Temple
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   reported
                   of
                   her
                   Priests
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   use
                   to
                   go
                   bare
                   foot
                   upon
                   burning
                   coals
                   every
                   year
                   at
                   a
                   set
                   time
                   before
                   the
                   people
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Romans
                   had
                   encreas'd
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   their
                   Divinities
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   many
                   thousands
                   were
                   reckoned
                   ;
                   every
                   affection
                   of
                   the
                   mind
                   ,
                   and
                   disease
                   of
                   the
                   body
                   ,
                   was
                   honoured
                   as
                   a
                   Deity
                   :
                   Such
                   were
                   Pavor
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Pallor
                     ,
                     Cloacina
                     ,
                     Aius
                     ,
                     Locutius
                     ,
                  
                   whose
                   Statue
                   gave
                   the
                   Romans
                   notice
                   of
                   the
                   coming
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Gauls
                     .
                     Ridiculus
                  
                   was
                   another
                   God
                   ,
                   
                     Tempestas
                     ,
                     Febris
                     ,
                     Fugia
                     ,
                     Forna●x
                     ,
                     Cacia
                     ,
                     Vicepota
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Volturnus
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   And
                   as
                   the
                   Romans
                   did
                   inlarge
                   their
                   Dominions
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   admit
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   and
                   Goddesses
                   of
                   strange
                   Nations
                   into
                   their
                   City
                   :
                   Therefore
                   when
                   Tiberius
                   heard
                   of
                   the
                   Miracles
                   of
                   our
                   Saviour
                   from
                   Pilats
                   information
                   ,
                   he
                   desired
                   the
                   Senate
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   be
                   introduced
                   amongst
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   their
                   Divinities
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   had
                   no
                   inclination
                   to
                   do
                   ,
                   either
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   place
                   of
                   his
                   Nativity
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   generally
                   hated
                   of
                   all
                   Nations
                   ,
                   or
                   because
                   he
                   could
                   n
                   t
                   be
                   rightly
                   worshipped
                   
                   where
                   there
                   were
                   such
                   a
                   multiplicity
                   of
                   Idle
                   Gods.
                   Now
                   these
                   were
                   the
                   strange
                   Divinities
                   worshipped
                   in
                   Rome
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   had
                   conquered
                   the
                   World.
                   
                
                 
                   Sanctus
                   ,
                   or
                   
                     Deus
                     Fidius
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Sabins
                     ;
                     Io
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Isis
                   ,
                   a
                   Goddess
                   of
                   the
                   Aegyptians
                   .
                   The
                   Poets
                   inform
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   Inachus
                   ,
                   a
                   professed
                   Whore
                   ,
                   yet
                   the
                   Priest
                   of
                   Juno
                   :
                   She
                   perswaded
                   Jupiter
                   to
                   yield
                   to
                   her
                   Lust
                   ;
                   but
                   Juno's
                   jealousic
                   pursuing
                   after
                   her
                   Husband
                   ,
                   found
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   Jupiter
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Cloud
                   ,
                   and
                   Isis
                   in
                   that
                   of
                   a
                   white
                   Cow
                   ,
                   for
                   Jupiter
                   had
                   changed
                   her
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   not
                   be
                   suspected
                   of
                   his
                   Wife
                   ,
                   who
                   understood
                   his
                   subtilty
                   ;
                   therefore
                   she
                   beg'd
                   the
                   Cow
                   from
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   he
                   being
                   afraid
                   ,
                   by
                   a
                   refusal
                   ,
                   to
                   discover
                   her
                   and
                   his
                   own
                   dishonesty
                   ,
                   granted
                   her
                   to
                   Juno
                   ,
                   who
                   presently
                   committed
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   custody
                   of
                   Argus
                   with
                   a
                   hundred
                   eyes
                   ;
                   there
                   she
                   continued
                   in
                   much
                   misery
                   and
                   persecution
                   ,
                   until
                   Mercurius
                   was
                   sent
                   from
                   Jupiter
                   to
                   deliver
                   her
                   ,
                   he
                   played
                   Argus
                   asleep
                   with
                   his
                   pleasant
                   Musick
                   ,
                   intending
                   to
                   steal
                   away
                   the
                   counterfeit
                   Cow
                   ;
                   but
                   a
                   Boy
                   ,
                   named
                   Hierax
                   ,
                   gave
                   notice
                   to
                   Argus
                   ,
                   and
                   waked
                   him
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   other
                   was
                   a
                   departing
                   with
                   his
                   prize
                   .
                   Mercurius
                   seeing
                   no
                   remedy
                   ,
                   but
                   that
                   he
                   must
                   either
                   neglect
                   Jupiters
                   Command
                   ,
                   or
                   kill
                   Argus
                   ,
                   he
                   took
                   a
                   great
                   stone
                   and
                   knockt
                   him
                   dead
                   upon
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   and
                   changed
                   Hierax
                   into
                   a
                   Hawk
                   for
                   his
                   ill
                   Office.
                   Juno
                   was
                   not
                   a
                   little
                   displeased
                   at
                   the
                   loss
                   of
                   her
                   faithful
                   servant
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   transformed
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   Peacock
                   ,
                   that
                   yet
                   retains
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   his
                   eyes
                   
                   in
                   its
                   feathers
                   ;
                   and
                   she
                   sent
                   some
                   Creatures
                   to
                   vex
                   Isis
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   she
                   became
                   mad
                   ,
                   and
                   ran
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   swimming
                   over
                   the
                   Seas
                   into
                   Ionia
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   she
                   left
                   her
                   Name
                   ,
                   as
                   
                   also
                   to
                   the
                   Sea
                   that
                   waters
                   that
                   Country
                   :
                   At
                   last
                   she
                   returned
                   back
                   to
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   where
                   she
                   married
                   Osiris
                   :
                   Her
                   Son
                   by
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   Epaphus
                   ;
                   after
                   her
                   death
                   she
                   was
                   a●lored
                   by
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   ;
                   her
                   hair
                   was
                   preserved
                   as
                   a
                   Sacred
                   Relick
                   in
                   her
                   Temple
                   at
                   Memphis
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   honoured
                   as
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Navigation
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Weather
                   :
                   Her
                   Statue
                   was
                   a
                   Cow
                   with
                   Horns
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   some
                   say
                   ,
                   a
                   Dogs
                   Head
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   Ovid
                   alludes
                   ,
                   calling
                   her
                   Latrator
                   *
                   Anubis
                   .
                   The
                   Romans
                   had
                   an
                   extraordinary
                   reverence
                   for
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   although
                   they
                   banisht
                   her
                   ,
                   because
                   her
                   Priests
                   had
                   consented
                   to
                   defile
                   her
                   Temple
                   with
                   Whoredomes
                   afterwards
                   she
                   was
                   admitted
                   again
                   :
                   Her
                   Priests
                   were
                   initiated
                   with
                   Blood
                   and
                   Water
                   ,
                   they
                   had
                   their
                   Heads
                   and
                   Beards
                   shaven
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   wear
                   all
                   White
                   Linnen
                   Garments
                   :
                   At
                   the
                   entry
                   in
                   of
                   her
                   Temple
                   was
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   a
                   Sphynx
                   ,
                   to
                   signifie
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   a
                   mysterious
                   Godd●ss
                   :
                   For
                   her
                   sake
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   did
                   keep
                   in
                   a
                   corner
                   of
                   her
                   Temple
                   a
                   White
                   Cow
                   ;
                   when
                   it
                   did
                   die
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   all
                   mourn
                   ,
                   as
                   for
                   a
                   Prince
                   ,
                   until
                   another
                   was
                   put
                   in
                   the
                   place
                   of
                   the
                   dead
                   Beast
                   .
                
                 
                   Osiris
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   was
                   her
                   Brother
                   and
                   Husband
                   ;
                   he
                   is
                   esteemed
                   the
                   same
                   with
                   Serapis
                   ,
                   some
                   call
                   him
                   
                     Dionysius
                     ,
                     Ammon
                     ,
                     Jupiter
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Pluto
                   .
                   The
                   last
                   name
                   I
                   conceive
                   was
                   granted
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   such
                   an
                   extraordinary
                   care
                   of
                   the
                   Dead
                   ,
                   causing
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   buried
                   in
                   
                   several
                   places
                   made
                   on
                   t●
                   purpose
                   near
                   Memphis
                   ,
                   to
                   encourage
                   Virtue
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   good
                   life
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   the
                   deceased
                   had
                   not
                   lived
                   well
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   by
                   persons
                   
                   appointed
                   to
                   enquire
                   into
                   every
                   mans
                   actions
                   ,
                   cast
                   into
                   places
                   of
                   shame
                   and
                   punishment
                   ;
                   the
                   Virtuous
                   were
                   interred
                   in
                   beautiful
                   Fields
                   ,
                   flourishing
                   with
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Flowers
                   .
                   This
                   place
                   was
                   near
                   the
                   City
                   Memphis
                   ,
                   encompassed
                   several
                   times
                   with
                   the
                   River
                   Nilus
                   ,
                   and
                   an
                   old
                   Fellow
                   did
                   convey
                   the
                   dead
                   bodies
                   over
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   means
                   this
                   Prince
                   did
                   awe
                   his
                   people
                   into
                   obedience
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   submission
                   to
                   his
                   Laws
                   .
                   And
                   from
                   hence
                   it
                   is
                   that
                   the
                   Poets
                   have
                   borrowed
                   their
                   pleasant
                   descriptions
                   of
                   Hell
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   their
                   superstitious
                   Fables
                   ,
                   as
                   several
                   writers
                   informs
                   us
                   .
                   Osiris
                   is
                   also
                   called
                   Apis
                   ,
                   in
                   whose
                   Temple
                   a
                   Bull
                   was
                   nourished
                   :
                   Vpon
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   Osiris
                   was
                   placed
                   a
                   Bushel
                   ;
                   this
                   hath
                   given
                   occasion
                   to
                   some
                   to
                   fancy
                   Osiris
                   to
                   be
                   Joseph
                   ,
                   who
                   saved
                   Egypt
                   from
                   the
                   great
                   Famine
                   :
                   It
                   is
                   probable
                   the
                   Bushel
                   was
                   placed
                   upon
                   Osiris
                   his
                   head
                   ,
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   the
                   other
                   Gods
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Grecians
                     ,
                     Illyrians
                     ,
                     Gauls
                     ,
                     Spaniards
                     ,
                     Germans
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Asian
                   People
                   ,
                   were
                   brought
                   and
                   worshipped
                   at
                   Rome
                   ,
                   because
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   named
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   given
                   a
                   full
                   account
                   of
                   their
                   beginning
                   and
                   Histories
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   needless
                   to
                   repeat
                   them
                   here
                   again
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XV.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Gods
                   mentioned
                   in
                   Holy
                   Writ
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   were
                   adored
                   in
                   
                     Syria
                     ,
                     Phoenicia
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   adjoyning
                   Countries
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   Think
                   it
                   not
                   amiss
                   ,
                   in
                   this
                   review
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Gods
                   ,
                   to
                   add
                   a
                   Chapter
                   or
                   two
                   concerning
                   those
                   who
                   have
                   been
                   adored
                   by
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   the
                   Eastern
                   Countries
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   our
                   Forefathers
                   in
                   this
                   Island
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Sacred
                     Records
                     do
                     mention
                     many
                     Idols
                     unto
                     whom
                     the
                  
                   Israelites
                   
                     did
                     shametully
                     prostrate
                     themselves
                     ;
                     their
                     names
                     are
                  
                   Moloch
                   ,
                   Baal
                   ,
                   Astoreth
                   ,
                   Dagon
                   ,
                   Baalzebub
                   ,
                   Succoth
                   ,
                   Benoth
                   ,
                   Nergal
                   ,
                   Nisroch
                   ,
                   Rimmon
                   ,
                   Thammuz
                   ,
                   Nebo
                   ,
                   Sesach
                   ,
                   the
                   Golden
                   Calf
                   ,
                   the
                   Teraphim
                   ,
                   Remphan
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Golden
                   Calf
                   which
                   the
                   Israelites
                   did
                   make
                   in
                   the
                   Wilderness
                   ,
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   called
                   
                     Api●
                     :
                     Lactantius
                  
                   informs
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   
                   Head
                   was
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   a
                   Bull
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   did
                   worship
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   some
                   manner
                   as
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   did
                   their
                   Apis
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   did
                   mightily
                   rejoyce
                   and
                   feast
                   themselves
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   made
                   ,
                   and
                   dance
                   round
                   about
                   the
                   Idol
                   :
                   But
                   I
                   cannot
                   conceive
                   how
                   the
                   Israelites
                   could
                   be
                   of
                   such
                   weak
                   memories
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   forget
                   the
                   greatness
                   of
                   Gods
                   Power
                   lately
                   manifested
                   to
                   them
                   in
                   their
                   deliverance
                   from
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   publishing
                   of
                   the
                   Law
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   such
                   perverse
                   judgments
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   ascribe
                   to
                   the
                   works
                   of
                   
                   their
                   hands
                   the
                   glorious
                   Acts
                   of
                   the
                   Almighty
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   Eye-witnesses
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   seems
                   they
                   intended
                   ,
                   as
                   our
                   Religious
                   Papists
                   do
                   ,
                   to
                   adore
                   God
                   in
                   the
                   outward
                   and
                   visible
                   representation
                   of
                   a
                   Bull
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   a
                   Calf
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   custom
                   of
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   did
                   not
                   say
                   ,
                   To
                   morrow
                   there
                   shall
                   be
                   a
                   Festival
                   to
                   
                     Apis
                     ,
                     Osiris
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Isis
                   ,
                   the
                   Gods
                   of
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   the
                   Lord
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   so
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   so
                   impious
                   as
                   to
                   ascribe
                   the
                   Sacred
                   Name
                   of
                   God
                   to
                   this
                   shameful
                   Image
                   ,
                   or
                   rather
                   to
                   worship
                   God
                   in
                   this
                   vile
                   form
                   :
                   The
                   Hebrews
                   do
                   tell
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Generation
                   of
                   such
                   as
                   were
                   so
                   profane
                   at
                   this
                   time
                   ,
                   had
                   yellow
                   Beards
                   growing
                   in
                   their
                   faces
                   ,
                   in
                   remembrance
                   of
                   that
                   foul
                   sin
                   which
                   their
                   Forefathers
                   were
                   so
                   forward
                   to
                   commit
                   in
                   the
                   Wilderness
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Jeroboam
                   returned
                   out
                   of
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   whither
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   banished
                   by
                   Solomon
                   ,
                   he
                   caused
                   the
                   same
                   kind
                   of
                   Idolatry
                   to
                   be
                   established
                   in
                   the
                   Dominions
                   that
                   acknowledged
                   his
                   Scepter
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   placed
                   two
                   Golden
                   Calves
                   at
                   the
                   two
                   Extremities
                   of
                   the
                   Ten
                   Tribes
                   in
                   Dan
                   and
                   Bethel
                   ,
                   to
                   prevent
                   the
                   return
                   of
                   the
                   people
                   to
                   the
                   worship
                   of
                   God
                   in
                   Jerusalem
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   their
                   Allegiance
                   to
                   their
                   lawful
                   Prince
                   .
                   It
                   may
                   seem
                   very
                   strange
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Israelites
                   possessed
                   with
                   a
                   real
                   Opinion
                   of
                   Gods
                   Power
                   and
                   Authority
                   over
                   them
                   ,
                   should
                   be
                   so
                   easily
                   drawn
                   to
                   commit
                   such
                   an
                   abomination
                   ,
                   directly
                   contrary
                   to
                   the
                   Law
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   unless
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   induced
                   thereunto
                   by
                   their
                   mistakes
                   
                   of
                   some
                   Example
                   given
                   unto
                   them
                   by
                   Moses
                   himself
                   .
                   We
                   find
                   that
                   when
                   Jeroboam
                   intended
                   to
                   draw
                   them
                   to
                   Idolatry
                   ,
                   he
                   could
                   think
                   of
                   no
                   better
                   expedient
                   ,
                   than
                   to
                   present
                   unto
                   them
                   Golden
                   Calves
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   were
                   more
                   inclinable
                   to
                   the
                   adoration
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   Idol
                   ;
                   because
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   do
                   imagine
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   see
                   these
                   Images
                   in
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Jerusalem
                   ,
                   as
                   their
                   Forefathers
                   had
                   been
                   accustomed
                   to
                   behold
                   them
                   worshipped
                   in
                   Egypt
                   ;
                   for
                   by
                   these
                   Idols
                   the
                   ignorant
                   Egyptians
                   did
                   adore
                   Nilus
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   
                   called
                   Siris
                   ,
                   and
                   Osiris
                   ,
                   because
                   their
                   life
                   and
                   riches
                   did
                   proceed
                   from
                   the
                   excellent
                   virtues
                   of
                   the
                   Water
                   of
                   Nilus
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Teraphim
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   in
                   Judg.
                   17.
                   5.
                   were
                   not
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   have
                   imagined
                   ,
                   the
                   Household
                   Gods
                   of
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ;
                   for
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   place
                   ,
                   a
                   Graven
                   Image
                   and
                   a
                   Molten
                   Image
                   are
                   named
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   the
                   Houshold
                   Gods
                   ;
                   but
                   I
                   do
                   rather
                   think
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   some
                   Talismanical
                   Representations
                   ,
                   consecrated
                   by
                   Devillish
                   Ceremonies
                   ,
                   to
                   oblige
                   some
                   Evil
                   Spirit
                   to
                   answer
                   in
                   them
                   the
                   demands
                   of
                   their
                   Worshippers
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   Oracles
                   .
                   
                     Elias
                     Levita
                  
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   made
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   kill
                   a
                   man
                   who
                   was
                   a
                   First-born
                   ,
                   and
                   pull
                   off
                   his
                   Head
                   with
                   their
                   hands
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   had
                   embalmed
                   it
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   place
                   it
                   upon
                   a
                   Plate
                   of
                   Gold
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   the
                   Unclean
                   Spirit
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   invocate
                   for
                   an
                   Answer
                   was
                   first
                   handsomely
                   engraven
                   ;
                   Afterwards
                   they
                   did
                   put
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   place
                   made
                   
                   in
                   a
                   wall
                   purposely
                   for
                   it
                   ;
                   they
                   did
                   light
                   round
                   about
                   it
                   Torches
                   and
                   Lamps
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   fall
                   down
                   before
                   it
                   to
                   worship
                   it
                   .
                   The
                   Images
                   that
                   Rachel
                   stole
                   from
                   her
                   Father
                   Laban
                   ,
                   are
                   called
                   Teraphim
                   by
                   some
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   the
                   same
                   as
                   the
                   Greeks
                   name
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   only
                   the
                   former
                   did
                   return
                   Answers
                   to
                   the
                   Petitioners
                   ,
                   whereas
                   the
                   latter
                   were
                   the
                   protecting
                   Gods
                   of
                   a
                   Family
                   ,
                   worshipped
                   near
                   the
                   Chimney
                   Corners
                   ,
                   usually
                   in
                   the
                   Images
                   of
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   who
                   are
                   watchful
                   Creatures
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Idol
                   Moloch
                   is
                   the
                   same
                   with
                   Saturn
                   ,
                   unto
                   whom
                   the
                   cruel
                   Heathens
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   their
                   Sons
                   and
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   causing
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   burnt
                   alive
                   in
                   a
                   Brazen
                   Image
                   made
                   purposely
                   for
                   such
                   abominations
                   .
                   The
                   Ammonites
                   ,
                   
                   whose
                   God
                   this
                   Idol
                   was
                   ,
                   did
                   oblidge
                   all
                   the
                   Parents
                   either
                   to
                   offer
                   them
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   to
                   Moloch
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   cause
                   them
                   to
                   pass
                   between
                   two
                   fires
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   this
                   God
                   :
                   Somtimes
                   when
                   men
                   did
                   come
                   to
                   years
                   of
                   understanding
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   offer
                   themselves
                   freely
                   to
                   be
                   burnt
                   for
                   this
                   God.
                   Near
                   Jerusalem
                   stood
                   Moloch
                   in
                   a
                   beautiful
                   Valley
                   ,
                   belonging
                   to
                   the
                   Children
                   of
                   Hinnom
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   a
                   pleasant
                   Grove
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Jews
                   did
                   imitate
                   their
                   profane
                   Neighbours
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   is
                   derived
                   this
                   inhumane
                   custom
                   practised
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   many
                   other
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   world
                   .
                   
                   The
                   Carthaginians
                   were
                   so
                   extravagant
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   sacrifice
                   200
                   Noble
                   mens
                   Children
                   to
                   Moloch
                   ,
                   when
                   Agathocles
                   made
                   war
                   upon
                   them
                   in
                   Africa
                   :
                   And
                   because
                   this
                   word
                   signifies
                   a
                   
                   Prince
                   ,
                   or
                   a
                   King
                   ,
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Worthies
                   did
                   borrow
                   from
                   hence
                   their
                   names
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Amilcar
                     ,
                     Imilcon
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   two
                   Gods
                   of
                   
                     Sepharvaim
                     ,
                     Adrammelech
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Anammelech
                   ,
                   were
                   worshipped
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   bloody
                   manner
                   ;
                   therefore
                   many
                   have
                   imagined
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   same
                   with
                   Moloch
                   ,
                   from
                   whom
                   they
                   have
                   derived
                   their
                   Names
                   ;
                   but
                   I
                   rather
                   think
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   other
                   Gods
                   who
                   did
                   share
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Titles
                   of
                   Honour
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   of
                   worship
                   :
                   None
                   of
                   our
                   Interpreters
                   have
                   found
                   the
                   persons
                   unto
                   whom
                   these
                   Names
                   were
                   given
                   ;
                   but
                   I
                   do
                   conjecture
                   from
                   the
                   Hebrew
                   signification
                   of
                   the
                   Name
                   Adrammelech
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   small
                   alteration
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   Ador-Melech
                   ,
                   a
                   
                   strong
                   and
                   glorious
                   King
                   ,
                   that
                   thereby
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   Sepharvaim
                   did
                   either
                   mean
                   some
                   brave
                   and
                   generous
                   Prince
                   that
                   had
                   Reigned
                   amongst
                   them
                   in
                   much
                   glory
                   ,
                   or
                   else
                   they
                   did
                   intend
                   the
                   Sun
                   by
                   Adrammelech
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   is
                   as
                   a
                   Prince
                   in
                   the
                   Firmament
                   ,
                   sending
                   forth
                   his
                   beams
                   of
                   light
                   into
                   every
                   corner
                   of
                   the
                   World.
                   Anas
                   or
                   Anam
                   is
                   a
                   Chaldean
                   word
                   
                   never
                   us'd
                   in
                   Scripture
                   to
                   my
                   knowledge
                   ,
                   unless
                   it
                   be
                   Esther
                   1.
                   8.
                   
                   It
                   signifies
                   to
                   force
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   compel
                   ;
                   being
                   therefore
                   joyned
                   with
                   Melech
                   ,
                   it
                   makes
                   a
                   compelling
                   ,
                   or
                   an
                   Imperiou●
                   King
                   :
                   By
                   this
                   Title
                   some
                   Devil
                   may
                   be
                   understood
                   that
                   did
                   imperiously
                   tyrannize
                   ov●
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   therefore
                   endeavour
                   to
                   appease
                   his
                   wrath
                   ,
                   by
                   sacrificing
                   their
                   dearest
                   enjoyments
                   :
                   That
                   which
                   makes
                   me
                   inclinab●
                   
                   
                   to
                   this
                   Opinion
                   is
                   ,
                   that
                   to
                   this
                   very
                   day
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   from
                   whence
                   these
                   Sepharvaits
                   did
                   come
                   ,
                   do
                   worship
                   the
                   Devil
                   in
                   a
                   visible
                   shape
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   they
                   neglect
                   their
                   Devotion
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   pittifully
                   afflicts
                   them
                   .
                   The
                   same
                   is
                   reported
                   of
                   the
                   Caribbians
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Indians
                   in
                   Florida
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   adjacent
                   Countries
                   .
                   It
                   may
                   also
                   with
                   some
                   kind
                   of
                   probability
                   be
                   imagined
                   from
                   this
                   word
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   which
                   signifies
                   to
                   compel
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   Heathens
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   the
                   Imperious
                   and
                   unresistable
                   Emperour
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   Death
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   said
                   ,
                   
                   that
                   his
                   Priests
                   were
                   cloathed
                   in
                   black
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   named
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   in
                   Holy
                   Writ
                   .
                   Now
                   it
                   is
                   certain
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   colour
                   was
                   an
                   abomination
                   to
                   all
                   the
                   Superiour
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   only
                   us'd
                   in
                   the
                   sacrifices
                   of
                   the
                   Inferiour
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   may
                   understand
                   by
                   these
                   following
                   Verses
                   of
                   
                     Apollon
                     ,
                     lib.
                  
                   3.
                   
                   Argonaut
                   .
                   
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                    
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                    
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                    
                  
                
                 
                   So
                   it
                   is
                   likely
                   that
                   these
                   Heathens
                   did
                   offer
                   unto
                   Pluto
                   or
                   Death
                   their
                   Children
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   spare
                   their
                   lives
                   .
                   Baal
                   was
                   another
                   
                   Divinity
                   of
                   Phaenicia
                   :
                   The
                   name
                   signifies
                   a
                   Lord
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   it
                   is
                   due
                   to
                   the
                   Soveraign
                   Lord
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   Hosea
                   2.
                   16.
                   
                   But
                   several
                   Nations
                   of
                   the
                   East
                   have
                   profanely
                   applyed
                   
                   it
                   to
                   men
                   in
                   their
                   lives
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   their
                   death
                   have
                   granted
                   it
                   to
                   their
                   breathless
                   Statues
                   ,
                   
                   which
                   they
                   did
                   adore
                   instead
                   of
                   the
                   true
                   God.
                   And
                   as
                   this
                   word
                   hath
                   no
                   particular
                   respect
                   to
                   any
                   of
                   their
                   Divinities
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   ascribed
                   to
                   most
                   of
                   them
                   .
                   Mars
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   War
                   ,
                   or
                   rather
                   Belus
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   Ninus
                   ,
                   was
                   adored
                   by
                   this
                   Name
                   in
                   
                     Assyria
                     :
                     Jupiter
                     Thalassius
                  
                   ,
                   worshipped
                   in
                   Sidon
                   ,
                   was
                   called
                   
                     Baal
                     ,
                     Belus
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Beelsamen
                   ,
                   the
                   God
                   or
                   Lord
                   of
                   
                   Heaven
                   :
                   The
                   Sun
                   was
                   also
                   worshipped
                   in
                   Syria
                   ,
                   and
                   called
                   Agalibalus
                   ,
                   or
                   Alagabalus
                   ,
                   the
                   Circular
                   Lord
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Learned
                   Selden
                   observes
                   .
                   Herodian
                   informs
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Sun
                   was
                   worshipped
                   in
                   Syria
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   his
                   representation
                   was
                   a
                   great
                   and
                   round
                   Stone
                   .
                   Moloch
                   was
                   also
                   named
                   Baal
                   ;
                   in
                   his
                   Sacrifices
                   
                   the
                   Priests
                   did
                   offer
                   their
                   Privy
                   Members
                   in
                   remembrance
                   of
                   the
                   affront
                   that
                   Jupiter
                   his
                   Son
                   did
                   unto
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Scripture
                   only
                   names
                   Baal
                   ,
                   without
                   any
                   other
                   addition
                   ,
                   we
                   must
                   understand
                   the
                   God
                   who
                   was
                   esteemed
                   by
                   the
                   Pagans
                   the
                   Chief
                   Jupiter
                   :
                   So
                   that
                   this
                   Name
                   imports
                   in
                   profane
                   Language
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   Jehovah
                   ,
                   or
                   Adonai
                   doth
                   in
                   sacred
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Name
                   of
                   Baal
                   became
                   so
                   universal
                   ,
                   that
                   all
                   great
                   Commanders
                   and
                   famous
                   Princes
                   did
                   add
                   it
                   to
                   their
                   own
                   Names
                   ,
                   
                     Hannibal
                     ,
                     Asdrubal
                     ,
                     Maherbal
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   But
                   in
                   Scripture
                   we
                   meet
                   with
                   many
                   Gods
                   who
                   bear
                   this
                   Title
                   with
                   another
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   token
                   of
                   the
                   peoples
                   respect
                   unto
                   them
                   .
                   Baaltzephon
                   was
                   a
                   City
                   in
                   
                   Egypt
                   ;
                   through
                   its
                   Territories
                   the
                   Israelites
                   did
                   pass
                   when
                   they
                   marched
                   towards
                   the
                   Red
                   
                   Sea
                   :
                   It
                   is
                   probable
                   that
                   it
                   did
                   borrow
                   its
                   denomination
                   from
                   the
                   Idol
                   Baal
                   worshipped
                   there
                   .
                   It
                   seems
                   he
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   ancient
                   Gods
                   of
                   the
                   East
                   Countries
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   was
                   adored
                   far
                   and
                   near
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Baal-Peor
                   ,
                   or
                   Beelphegor
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Seventy
                   write
                   it
                   ,
                   signifies
                   a
                   shameful
                   Divinity
                   set
                   up
                   
                   amongst
                   the
                   Moabits
                   ,
                   beyond
                   Jordan
                   ,
                   upon
                   Mount
                   Peor
                   :
                   Some
                   think
                   him
                   to
                   be
                   Jupiter
                   
                   Tonans
                   ,
                   others
                   Saturn
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Sun
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   most
                   probable
                   Opinion
                   is
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   Priapus
                   ,
                   the
                   adulterous
                   and
                   lascivious
                   God
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   Israelites
                   did
                   worship
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   maner
                   as
                   the
                   Grecians
                   did
                   Priapus
                   ,
                   by
                   committing
                   fornication
                   in
                   his
                   Temple
                   .
                   Now
                   this
                   impudent
                   God
                   was
                   chiefly
                   worshipt
                   by
                   women
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   named
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Women
                   ,
                   
                     Jer.
                     Chap.
                  
                   48.
                   7.
                   13.
                   calls
                   the
                   same
                   God
                   of
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   Chemosh
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   the
                   Seventy
                   render
                   it
                   in
                   Greek
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Chief
                   God
                   of
                   Moab
                   ;
                   which
                   word
                   I
                   conceive
                   may
                   be
                   derived
                   from
                   the
                   Hebrew
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   Chamas
                   ,
                   to
                   hide
                   ,
                   either
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   adored
                   in
                   some
                   obscure
                   corner
                   of
                   the
                   Temple
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   was
                   usual
                   with
                   some
                   Divinities
                   ,
                   or
                   because
                   his
                   abominable
                   worship
                   did
                   deserve
                   to
                   be
                   concealed
                   in
                   obscurity
                   :
                   It
                   is
                   likely
                   that
                   only
                   the
                   Holy
                   Prophet
                   brands
                   him
                   with
                   this
                   Title
                   of
                   disgrace
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   not
                   his
                   usual
                   Name
                   amongst
                   his
                   Proselites
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Baal-Gad
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   from
                   whose
                   Providence
                   and
                   will
                   all
                   worldly
                   felicity
                   proceeds
                   :
                   The
                   Grecians
                   and
                   Romans
                   made
                   this
                   
                   Divinity
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   and
                   called
                   her
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Bona
                   ,
                   or
                   
                     Primigenia
                     Fortuna
                  
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   that
                   caused
                   this
                   God
                   to
                   be
                   worshipped
                   ,
                   were
                   the
                   Astrologers
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   they
                   did
                   perceive
                   how
                   much
                   the
                   Heavens
                   did
                   contribute
                   to
                   the
                   subsistance
                   and
                   welfare
                   of
                   man
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   his
                   life
                   was
                   commonly
                   either
                   happy
                   or
                   miserable
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   hopeful
                   influences
                   of
                   the
                   Stars
                   that
                   did
                   govern
                   at
                   his
                   birth
                   :
                   They
                   were
                   apt
                   to
                   imagine
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Stars
                   had
                   a
                   greater
                   power
                   upon
                   us
                   ,
                   and
                   our
                   affairs
                   ,
                   and
                   our
                   humours
                   ,
                   than
                   really
                   they
                   have
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   did
                   possess
                   the
                   ignorant
                   people
                   with
                   this
                   fancy
                   ,
                   which
                   brought
                   in
                   the
                   adoration
                   of
                   the
                   Stars
                   :
                   The
                   Star
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   thus
                   
                   call'd
                   ,
                   therefore
                   Jacob
                   suffered
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   to
                   bear
                   this
                   name
                   ;
                   and
                   it
                   was
                   afterwards
                   and
                   before
                   a
                   custom
                   ,
                   in
                   use
                   amongst
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   amongst
                   the
                   
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   to
                   greet
                   the
                   New-married
                   Couple
                   with
                   this
                   kind
                   of
                   Salutation
                   ,
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   
                     Mazal
                     Tob
                  
                   ,
                   a
                   good
                   star
                   ,
                   sub
                   .
                   I
                   wish
                   unto
                   you
                   ;
                   this
                   was
                   the
                   common
                   Title
                   of
                   the
                   Planet
                   Jupiter
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   Bridegroom
                   ,
                   before
                   the
                   Marriage
                   ,
                   did
                   deliver
                   to
                   his
                   future
                   Spouse
                   a
                   Ring
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   same
                   inscription
                   ,
                   wishing
                   thereby
                   that
                   her
                   Children
                   might
                   be
                   born
                   under
                   the
                   powerful
                   and
                   happy
                   Star
                   of
                   the
                   Heavens
                   Jupiter
                   .
                   It
                   was
                   unto
                   this
                   Planet
                   that
                   the
                   Canaanites
                   did
                   offer
                   sacrifice
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   year
                   dress
                   a
                   Table
                   of
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Fruits
                   of
                   the
                   earth
                   ,
                   to
                   acknowledge
                   the
                   benefits
                   received
                   from
                   his
                   influences
                   ;
                   therefore
                   
                   
                   Isaiah
                   reproves
                   the
                   Israelites
                   for
                   imitating
                   this
                   Heathenish
                   Superstition
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Baalzebub
                   ,
                   the
                   Lord
                   of
                   Flies
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Ekron
                   ,
                   a
                   City
                   of
                   the
                   Philistins
                   .
                   Some
                   have
                   imagined
                   this
                   Name
                   to
                   be
                   imposed
                   upon
                   him
                   by
                   the
                   Israelites
                   ,
                   because
                   in
                   the
                   sacrifices
                   that
                   were
                   offered
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   his
                   Priests
                   were
                   tormented
                   
                   with
                   swarms
                   of
                   flies
                   .
                   Now
                   in
                   the
                   sacrifices
                   of
                   the
                   true
                   God
                   ,
                   there
                   was
                   no
                   Fly
                   to
                   be
                   seen
                   ,
                   as
                   several
                   Learned
                   Rabbies
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   them
                   Scaliger
                   ,
                   have
                   taken
                   notice
                   .
                   Plinius
                   speaks
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Cyrenians
                   ,
                   a
                   people
                   upon
                   the
                   Coast
                   of
                   Africa
                   ,
                   descended
                   from
                   the
                   Phaenicians
                   ,
                   did
                   worship
                   the
                   God
                   Achoren
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   delivered
                   from
                   the
                   
                   troublesome
                   Flies
                   who
                   did
                   torment
                   them
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   did
                   adore
                   their
                   Ibes
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   freed
                   from
                   the
                   Serpents
                   .
                   I
                   think
                   that
                   the
                   Images
                   of
                   these
                   Creatures
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   this
                   God
                   ,
                   were
                   Talifmans
                   ,
                   formed
                   by
                   some
                   men
                   Learned
                   in
                   the
                   secrets
                   of
                   Nature
                   ,
                   to
                   free
                   the
                   people
                   from
                   the
                   annoyances
                   of
                   the
                   Serpents
                   and
                   Flies
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   in
                   requital
                   ,
                   the
                   ignorant
                   people
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   ascribe
                   the
                   effects
                   to
                   an
                   immediate
                   
                   power
                   of
                   a
                   God
                   ,
                   did
                   adore
                   them
                   ;
                   or
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   that
                   the
                   Devil
                   ,
                   who
                   wants
                   no
                   power
                   in
                   the
                   Empire
                   of
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   attributed
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   was
                   willing
                   to
                   entertain
                   these
                   Idolaters
                   in
                   his
                   service
                   ,
                   by
                   this
                   and
                   other
                   good
                   offices
                   .
                   Now
                   wherefore
                   the
                   Prince
                   of
                   the
                   Devils
                   should
                   be
                   called
                   Belzebub
                   ,
                   I
                   cannot
                   imagine
                   ,
                   unless
                   it
                   be
                   because
                   the
                   Flies
                   ,
                   and
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   Insects
                   ,
                   proceed
                   from
                   his
                   and
                   the
                   Suns
                   immediate
                   
                   Agency
                   for
                   the
                   disturbance
                   of
                   mankind
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Baal-Berith
                   ,
                   the
                   Lord
                   of
                   the
                   Covenant
                   ,
                   was
                   another
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Phaenicians
                   :
                   So
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   named
                   at
                   
                     Rome
                     Sponsor
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Fidius
                   ;
                   
                   and
                   amongst
                   the
                   Greeks
                   there
                   was
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   
                     Jupiter
                     Faederator
                  
                   .
                   It
                   may
                   be
                   that
                   the
                   Devil
                   ,
                   an
                   Ape
                   of
                   Almighty
                   God
                   ,
                   caused
                   himself
                   to
                   be
                   worshipped
                   by
                   this
                   name
                   ,
                   in
                   remembrance
                   of
                   the
                   Great
                   Covenant
                   that
                   God-made
                   after
                   the
                   Deluge
                   with
                   all
                   his
                   living
                   Creatures
                   ,
                   applying
                   thereby
                   this
                   expression
                   of
                   Gods
                   love
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   tribute
                   of
                   our
                   services
                   which
                   we
                   do
                   owe
                   unto
                   it
                   ,
                   to
                   himself
                   .
                   In
                   Holy
                   Writ
                   ,
                   God
                   is
                   call'd
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Covenant
                   ,
                   
                   a
                   God
                   keeping
                   Covenant
                   and
                   Mercy
                   ,
                   Nehem.
                   1.
                   5.
                   
                   A
                   God
                   stedfast
                   in
                   his
                   Covenant
                   ,
                   Psalm
                   89.
                   28.
                   whose
                   Name
                   we
                   are
                   always
                   to
                   call
                   upon
                   in
                   all
                   our
                   Covenants
                   ,
                   Isaiah
                   
                   45.
                   23.
                   
                   The
                   Devil
                   therefore
                   did
                   claim
                   this
                   part
                   of
                   Gods
                   worship
                   ,
                   calling
                   himself
                   Baal-Berith
                   .
                   In
                   Jerem.
                   12.
                   verse
                   16.
                   we
                   find
                   a
                   memorable
                   passage
                   that
                   mentions
                   this
                   God
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   said
                   there
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   people
                   had
                   been
                   taught
                   to
                   swear
                   by
                   Baal
                   .
                   I
                   am
                   not
                   ignorant
                   of
                   the
                   Opinion
                   of
                   several
                   of
                   the
                   Learned
                   in
                   Antiquity
                   ,
                   who
                   think
                   that
                   these
                   names
                   of
                   Baal
                   were
                   all
                   attributed
                   to
                   the
                   Sun
                   ;
                   for
                   Porphyrius
                   declares
                   ,
                   that
                   his
                   Countrymen
                   the
                   Phenicians
                   did
                   worship
                   the
                   Sun
                   as
                   the
                   Chief
                   God
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   call
                   him
                   Beelsamen
                   :
                   And
                   
                     Somchoniathon
                     in
                     Philo
                     Biblius
                  
                   tells
                   us
                   of
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   for
                   his
                   
                   Wife
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Berith
                   :
                   from
                   this
                   Elioun
                   comes
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   :
                   The
                   Greek
                   word
                   for
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   better
                   understanding
                   of
                   this
                   confusion
                   that
                   appears
                   in
                   the
                   Authors
                   speaking
                   of
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Gods
                   ,
                   you
                   must
                   remember
                   what
                   we
                   have
                   noted
                   in
                   our
                   Preface
                   to
                   this
                   work
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   chief
                   of
                   the
                   Devils
                   did
                   receive
                   the
                   homages
                   of
                   all
                   Nations
                   ,
                   under
                   several
                   Names
                   ,
                   proper
                   to
                   the
                   places
                   and
                   dispositions
                   of
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   with
                   more
                   ease
                   induce
                   men
                   to
                   his
                   worship
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   set
                   up
                   and
                   promote
                   those
                   persons
                   and
                   things
                   that
                   were
                   most
                   in
                   credit
                   ,
                   appointing
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   such
                   manner
                   of
                   Devotion
                   as
                   was
                   most
                   suitable
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   enmity
                   to
                   mankind
                   :
                   From
                   hence
                   it
                   is
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   called
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Rome
                     ,
                     Mithra
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Persia
                     ,
                     Baal
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Phaenicia
                     ,
                     Apis
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Grecia
                     ,
                     Tharamis
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Germany
                     ,
                     Thor
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Belemus
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     England
                     ,
                     Mars
                  
                   or
                   Hesus
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Tartaria
                     ,
                     Baalpeor
                  
                   or
                   Chemos
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Moab
                     ,
                     Baalzebub
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Ekron
                     ,
                     Belus
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Babylon
                     ,
                     Bacchus
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   Arabia
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                   It
                   was
                   no
                   difficult
                   business
                   to
                   cause
                   men
                   to
                   
                   adore
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   for
                   of
                   all
                   visible
                   Creatures
                   he
                   is
                   the
                   most
                   glorious
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   most
                   useful
                   :
                   That
                   grateful
                   humor
                   therefore
                   that
                   is
                   natural
                   to
                   man
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   calls
                   upon
                   him
                   to
                   acknowledge
                   that
                   Being
                   from
                   whom
                   he
                   receives
                   favours
                   and
                   blessings
                   ,
                   did
                   incline
                   him
                   to
                   return
                   thanks
                   to
                   the
                   Sun
                   for
                   all
                   the
                   visible
                   effects
                   of
                   his
                   heat
                   and
                   light
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   first
                   Creature
                   ador'd
                   by
                   the
                   Eastern
                   people
                   .
                   I
                   am
                   inclinable
                   to
                   think
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   Baal-Berith
                   was
                   
                   intended
                   for
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   or
                   rather
                   the
                   Moon
                   ;
                   for
                   in
                   Judges
                   8.
                   ver
                   .
                   33.
                   it
                   is
                   said
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Israelites
                   made
                   Baal-Berith
                   their
                   God
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   their
                   chief
                   God
                   ,
                   and
                   went
                   a
                   whoring
                   after
                   Baalim
                   .
                   If
                   this
                   latter
                   word
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Learned
                   do
                   judge
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   easily
                   prov'd
                   ,
                   did
                   signifie
                   the
                   inferiour
                   Stars
                   and
                   Planets
                   ,
                   we
                   may
                   have
                   some
                   reason
                   to
                   conjecture
                   ,
                   that
                   Baal-Berith
                   that
                   accompanies
                   them
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   ,
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   Eminent
                   Lights
                   in
                   the
                   Heavens
                   .
                   Other
                   learned
                   Writers
                   do
                   understand
                   the
                   Deified
                   Souls
                   of
                   men
                   ,
                   by
                   this
                   plural
                   number
                   Baalim
                   :
                   This
                   name
                   may
                   be
                   applied
                   to
                   the
                   Semones
                   ,
                   or
                   Semidii
                   ,
                   by
                   some
                   people
                   ;
                   but
                   I
                   cannot
                   conceive
                   so
                   mean
                   an
                   Opinion
                   of
                   the
                   Israelites
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   think
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   adore
                   the
                   Souls
                   of
                   men
                   departed
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   sight
                   ,
                   without
                   any
                   further
                   respect
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   more
                   probable
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   worship
                   the
                   Sun
                   and
                   Stars
                   ,
                   whereof
                   they
                   did
                   daily
                   experience
                   the
                   goodness
                   and
                   power
                   .
                   There
                   is
                   a
                   passage
                   in
                   2
                   Chron.
                   ver
                   .
                   33.
                   that
                   makes
                   me
                   inclinable
                   to
                   this
                   opinion
                   ;
                   for
                   there
                   Manasseh
                   rears
                   up
                   Altars
                   broken
                   down
                   ,
                   plants
                   Groves
                   for
                   Baalim
                   :
                   To
                   what
                   purpose
                   I
                   pray
                   ?
                   His
                   design
                   is
                   
                   discovered
                   in
                   the
                   next
                   words
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   worship
                   and
                   serve
                   all
                   the
                   Host
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Stars
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   unto
                   whom
                   he
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   upon
                   those
                   Altars
                   .
                   And
                   if
                   you
                   compare
                   one
                   place
                   of
                   Scripture
                   with
                   another
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   find
                   the
                   same
                   Gods
                   named
                   Baalim
                   ,
                   who
                   are
                   elsewhere
                   called
                   the
                   Host
                   of
                   Heaven
                   .
                   Herodotus
                   
                   
                   and
                   Plato
                   do
                   inform
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   Stars
                   were
                   the
                   ancient
                   Gods
                   of
                   Greece
                   also
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   of
                   Phaenicia
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   derives
                   the
                   word
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   God
                   ,
                   from
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   to
                   run
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   Moon
                   ,
                   and
                   Stars
                   do
                   run
                   a
                   very
                   swift
                   pace
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   are
                   several
                   places
                   mention'd
                   in
                   Scripture
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Images
                   and
                   Temples
                   
                   of
                   the
                   God
                   Baal
                   did
                   stand
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Baal-Hamon
                     ,
                     Baal-hazor
                     ,
                     Baal-Perazin
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Baal-Shalisha
                   .
                   This
                   last
                   place
                   is
                   mentioned
                   2
                   Kings
                   4.
                   42.
                   
                   And
                   as
                   in
                   Hebrew
                   it
                   signifies
                   Ter-Baal
                   ,
                   it
                   may
                   cause
                   us
                   to
                   imagine
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   place
                   was
                   thus
                   named
                   from
                   the
                   Sacred
                   Trinity
                   there
                   worshipt
                   ,
                   which
                   Mystery
                   was
                   not
                   unknown
                   to
                   
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Learned
                   Writer
                   hath
                   proved
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Ashtoreth
                   ,
                   or
                   Astaroth
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   the
                   70
                   write
                   it
                   ,
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   chief
                   Goddess
                   of
                   the
                   Sidonians
                   ,
                   called
                   by
                   some
                   Luna
                   ,
                   by
                   others
                   Venus
                   .
                   
                   
                     Philo
                     Biblius
                  
                   reports
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   travelled
                   all
                   over
                   the
                   world
                   ,
                   having
                   taken
                   upon
                   her
                   the
                   shape
                   of
                   a
                   Bull
                   :
                   At
                   her
                   return
                   she
                   landed
                   at
                   Tyre
                   ,
                   and
                   consecrated
                   there
                   a
                   Star
                   that
                   she
                   had
                   found
                   in
                   her
                   way
                   fallen
                   from
                   the
                   Sky
                   upon
                   the
                   Earth
                   :
                   I
                   do
                   judge
                   that
                   this
                   Goddess
                   was
                   Luna
                   ,
                   for
                   she
                   is
                   named
                   Jerem.
                   7.
                   44.
                   
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Queen
                   of
                   Heaven
                   :
                   They
                   did
                   adore
                   her
                   ,
                   by
                   committing
                   fornication
                   in
                   her
                   Temple
                   ,
                   as
                   in
                   that
                   of
                   Venus
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   hath
                   a
                   visible
                   influence
                   in
                   the
                   Generation
                   of
                   Children
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   the
                   humours
                   and
                   affections
                   of
                   women
                   ;
                   they
                   thought
                   it
                   
                   therefore
                   their
                   duty
                   to
                   dedicate
                   to
                   her
                   service
                   
                   those
                   actions
                   unto
                   which
                   she
                   did
                   stir
                   them
                   up
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   called
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   Venus
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Juno
                     Olympia
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   
                     Minerva
                     Belisama
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Herodianus
                   mentions
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   and
                   names
                   her
                   from
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   Vrania
                   ,
                   and
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Phaenicians
                   did
                   call
                   her
                   Astroarche
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   probable
                   from
                   this
                   passage
                   ,
                   that
                   thereby
                   the
                   Moon
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   understood
                   ;
                   for
                   as
                   the
                   Pagans
                   did
                   marry
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   and
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Sun
                   and
                   Moon
                   together
                   ,
                   so
                   Heliogabalus
                   ,
                   that
                   silly
                   Emperour
                   ,
                   who
                   required
                   for
                   himself
                   the
                   usual
                   worship
                   rendered
                   unto
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   is
                   there
                   said
                   to
                   have
                   espoused
                   this
                   Vrania
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   breathless
                   Statue
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ;
                   an
                   action
                   better
                   becoming
                   an
                   extravagant
                   of
                   Bedlam
                   ,
                   than
                   the
                   Emperour
                   of
                   Rome
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Dagon
                   was
                   the
                   great
                   Idol
                   of
                   the
                   Philistines
                   ,
                   adored
                   at
                   Ashdod
                   ,
                   called
                   Oannes
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Learned
                   Selden
                   informs
                   us
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   named
                   
                     Jupiter
                     Cassius
                  
                   by
                   Forreigners
                   ,
                   from
                   a
                   Mountain
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   name
                   ,
                   scituate
                   between
                   Syria
                   and
                   Palestine
                   ,
                   or
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Marnas
                   .
                   The
                   Inhabitants
                   did
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   
                   taught
                   unto
                   them
                   how
                   to
                   manure
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   Corn
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   represented
                   half
                   a
                   Man
                   ,
                   and
                   half
                   a
                   Fish
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   in
                   his
                   right
                   hand
                   a
                   Pomgranat
                   ,
                   to
                   shew
                   
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   Protector
                   of
                   the
                   Caphtorims
                   ,
                   who
                   bearing
                   this
                   kind
                   of
                   fruit
                   in
                   their
                   Coat
                   of
                   Arms
                   ,
                   did
                   possess
                   themselves
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   of
                   
                     Phaenicia
                     ,
                     Deut.
                  
                   2.
                   23
                   ,
                
                 
                 
                   
                   Cicero
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Syrians
                   did
                   worship
                   a
                   Fish
                   ;
                   and
                   Plutarch
                   ,
                   how
                   they
                   abstained
                   from
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   Fish
                   ,
                   in
                   reverence
                   to
                   their
                   Gods.
                   
                
                 
                   Besides
                   the
                   former
                   Astarte
                   ,
                   the
                   Phaenicians
                   did
                   adore
                   another
                   Venus
                   called
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   which
                   some
                   take
                   to
                   be
                   a
                   bright
                   Star
                   of
                   the
                   firmament
                   named
                   by
                   us
                   Venus
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   
                     Succoth
                     Benoth
                  
                   was
                   the
                   Idol
                   of
                   the
                   Babylonians
                   the
                   word
                   signifies
                   the
                   
                     Tabernacle
                     of
                     Daughters
                  
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   this
                   lascivious
                   Idol
                   was
                   built
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   was
                   several
                   retreats
                   or
                   lodgings
                   
                   for
                   women
                   who
                   were
                   to
                   prostitute
                   their
                   bodies
                   to
                   the
                   lust
                   of
                   Strangers
                   .
                   The
                   Law
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   did
                   oblige
                   them
                   all
                   to
                   disgrace
                   themselves
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   once
                   in
                   their
                   lives
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   who
                   is
                   thought
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   same
                   with
                   Venus
                   
                   Melita
                   .
                   All
                   Strangers
                   did
                   in
                   requital
                   of
                   their
                   good
                   entertainment
                   ,
                   offer
                   money
                   to
                   
                   this
                   Idol
                   .
                   Justine
                   confirms
                   this
                   Story
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   relates
                   how
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   a
                   kind
                   expression
                   of
                   civility
                   amongst
                   the
                   Babylonians
                   to
                   
                   give
                   their
                   Guests
                   liberty
                   to
                   lye
                   with
                   their
                   Wives
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   seems
                   the
                   Ambassadors
                   of
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Persia
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   slain
                   in
                   a
                   Banquet
                   by
                   the
                   
                   Macedonians
                   ,
                   for
                   venturing
                   too
                   far
                   beyond
                   the
                   bouuds
                   of
                   modesty
                   upon
                   the
                   Kings
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   were
                   accustomed
                   to
                   this
                   unnatural
                   trade
                   and
                   shameful
                   mode
                   of
                   their
                   Country
                   .
                   Now
                   this
                   Goddess
                   Benoth
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   comes
                   Venos
                   or
                   Venus
                   ,
                   was
                   adored
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   in
                   several
                   places
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   :
                   for
                   in
                   Africa
                   there
                   was
                   
                     Sicca
                     Veneria
                  
                   near
                   Carthage
                   ,
                   an
                   infamous
                   place
                   dedicated
                   to
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Women
                   did
                   freely
                   abandon
                   themselves
                   to
                   their
                   lusts
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   pleasure
                   of
                   men
                   for
                   a
                   Reward
                   .
                
                 
                   Nergal
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   was
                   a
                   continual
                   Fire
                   ,
                   which
                   the
                   Persian
                   Magi's
                   did
                   entertain
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Lights
                   of
                   the
                   Firmament
                   ,
                   upon
                   an
                   Altar
                   .
                
                 
                   Their
                   custome
                   was
                   to
                   keep
                   this
                   Fire
                   continually
                   burning
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Romans
                   did
                   their
                   Holy
                   Fire
                   dedicated
                   to
                   Vesta
                   .
                   At
                   every
                   time
                   they
                   did
                   meddle
                   with
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   their
                   custome
                   
                   was
                   to
                   sing
                   hymns
                   in
                   honor
                   of
                   the
                   Sun.
                   The
                   Jewish
                   Writers
                   do
                   affirm
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   adored
                   in
                   Vr
                   of
                   the
                   Chaldeans
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   Abraham
                   was
                   driven
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   Country
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   refuse
                   to
                   yield
                   to
                   this
                   Idolatry
                   .
                   Now
                   it
                   was
                   the
                   custome
                   of
                   the
                   Persians
                   to
                   dedicate
                   to
                   the
                   Sun
                   a
                   Chariot
                   and
                   Horses
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   adore
                   this
                   glorious
                   Light
                   every
                   morning
                   at
                   his
                   first
                   appearance
                   .
                   The
                   Mahumetans
                   to
                   this
                   day
                   do
                   perform
                   some
                   kind
                   of
                   devotion
                   
                   to
                   the
                   rising
                   Sun
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   salute
                   it
                   with
                   much
                   humility
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   they
                   can
                   see
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   wash
                   themselves
                   with
                   clean
                   water
                   .
                   
                   The
                   Chaldeans
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   burn
                   themselves
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   Nergal
                   in
                   that
                   holy
                   fire
                   that
                   was
                   alwayes
                   preserved
                   alive
                   .
                   Alexander
                   was
                   an
                   eye
                   witness
                   of
                   this
                   kind
                   of
                   madness
                   ,
                   as
                   Curtius
                   affirms
                   .
                   The
                   simple
                   Fellow
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   resolved
                   to
                   feel
                   the
                   fury
                   of
                   the
                   Flames
                   ,
                   did
                   take
                   his
                   farewel
                   of
                   his
                   Friends
                   in
                   a
                   publique
                   Banquet
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   thus
                   reduc'd
                   to
                   ashes
                   the
                   cunning
                   Priest
                   did
                   cause
                   ,
                   the
                   devil
                   to
                   appear
                   in
                   his
                   likeness
                   to
                   his
                   Acquaintance
                   to
                   tell
                   them
                   wonders
                   of
                   the
                   t'other
                   World.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   Asima
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Eastern
                   people
                   ,
                   
                   worshipped
                   in
                   the
                   image
                   of
                   an
                   Ape
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   do
                   affirm
                   ,
                   or
                   rather
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Goat
                   or
                   Ram
                   :
                   They
                   did
                   worship
                   the
                   Sign
                   of
                   Aries
                   ,
                   therefore
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   did
                   abhorre
                   the
                   other
                   Nations
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   kill
                   those
                   Creatures
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   adore
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Nisroch
                   is
                   thought
                   to
                   be
                   either
                   the
                   Ark
                   of
                   Noah
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Picture
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   worshipped
                   by
                   the
                   Eastern
                   People
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   may
                   see
                   by
                   
                     Euseb
                     .
                     de
                     prepar
                     ,
                     Evangel
                     .
                  
                   Or
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   an
                   Eagle
                   ,
                   as
                   others
                   do
                   fancy
                   ,
                   because
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   is
                   an
                   Eagle
                   in
                   the
                   Hebrew
                   ,
                   but
                   I
                   rather
                   think
                   that
                   this
                   is
                   a
                   compounded
                   word
                   derived
                   from
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   
                     to
                     exalt
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   
                     to
                     enlarge
                  
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   the
                   high
                   and
                   spatious
                   Heavens
                   ,
                   that
                   
                   were
                   worshipped
                   by
                   the
                   Persians
                   ,
                   as
                   Herodotus
                   affirms
                   .
                
                 
                   Nibchaz
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   comes
                   from
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   
                     to
                     bark
                  
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   learned
                   Writer
                   imagines
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   thinks
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   God
                   was
                   the
                   same
                   with
                   
                   Anubis
                   of
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   worshipped
                   in
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   a
                   Dog.
                   
                
                 
                   Rimmon
                   was
                   the
                   chief
                   God
                   of
                   Damascus
                   ,
                   
                   the
                   word
                   signifies
                   a
                   Pomegranate
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   the
                   Scripture
                   ,
                   we
                   may
                   understand
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   principal
                   Gods
                   of
                   these
                   parts
                   :
                   Several
                   Writers
                   do
                   inform
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   
                     Jupiter
                     Cassius
                  
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   before
                   was
                   adored
                   upon
                   the
                   confines
                   of
                   the
                   Mount
                   Cassius
                   :
                   Now
                   Damascus
                   ,
                   
                   where
                   this
                   God
                   had
                   a
                   famous
                   Temple
                   ,
                   was
                   near
                   unto
                   the
                   Mountain
                   .
                   I
                   do
                   therefore
                   think
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   is
                   the
                   place
                   and
                   the
                   God
                   mentioned
                   by
                   Herodotus
                   rather
                   than
                   Dagon
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   
                   certain
                   ,
                   that
                   
                     Jupiter
                     Cassius
                  
                   ,
                   whether
                   he
                   was
                   Rimmon
                   or
                   Dagon
                   did
                   hold
                   out
                   in
                   his
                   right
                   hand
                   a
                   Pomegranate
                   ,
                   to
                   shew
                   how
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   Protector
                   of
                   that
                   people
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   bear
                   a
                   Pomegranate
                   in
                   their
                   Coat
                   of
                   Arms.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   Thammuz
                   is
                   Adonis
                   of
                   the
                   Greeks
                   ;
                   The
                   word
                   is
                   derived
                   from
                   
                     Adonai
                     ;
                     Lord.
                  
                   He
                   is
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   great
                   Favorite
                   of
                   Venus
                   .
                   The
                   Pagans
                   in
                   the
                   Month
                   of
                   June
                   did
                   lament
                   for
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   killed
                   by
                   a
                   wild
                   Boar
                   ,
                   therefore
                   this
                   Creature
                   
                   was
                   odious
                   to
                   Venus
                   :
                   She
                   was
                   mightily
                   concerned
                   for
                   him
                   ;
                   especially
                   ,
                   when
                   Mars
                   went
                   with
                   a
                   design
                   to
                   kill
                   him
                   ,
                   for
                   she
                   made
                   such
                   haste
                   over
                   some
                   reeds
                   that
                   stood
                   in
                   her
                   way
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   wounded
                   her
                   feet
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   out
                   some
                   drops
                   of
                   blood
                   ,
                   that
                   fell
                   upon
                   the
                   white
                   roses
                   and
                   changed
                   their
                   lilly
                   colour
                   into
                   an
                   inarnation
                   .
                   The
                   Heathens
                   did
                   shed
                   tears
                   in
                   
                   imitation
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   who
                   grieved
                   for
                   
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   Adonis
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   she
                   required
                   Proserpina
                   to
                   send
                   him
                   back
                   again
                   .
                   
                   This
                   infernal
                   Goddess
                   being
                   also
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   him
                   ,
                   could
                   not
                   yield
                   altogether
                   to
                   the
                   request
                   ,
                   but
                   only
                   granted
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   once
                   a
                   year
                   visit
                   her
                   upon
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   return
                   as
                   often
                   to
                   her
                   again
                   into
                   Hell.
                   
                
                 
                   Some
                   relate
                   the
                   Story
                   of
                   Thammuz
                   in
                   another
                   manner
                   .
                   They
                   say
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   Priest
                   wrongfully
                   put
                   to
                   death
                   by
                   the
                   Kiug
                   of
                   Babylon
                   :
                   Therefore
                   the
                   King
                   being
                   tormented
                   with
                   remorse
                   of
                   Conscience
                   labored
                   to
                   make
                   satisfaction
                   unto
                   him
                   for
                   the
                   injury
                   .
                   He
                   caused
                   many
                   fabulous
                   Stories
                   to
                   be
                   related
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   people
                   might
                   be
                   perswaded
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   admitted
                   among
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   besides
                   commanded
                   that
                   every
                   year
                   there
                   should
                   be
                   an
                   universal
                   mourning
                   for
                   him
                   .
                   I
                   do
                   think
                   that
                   this
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   like
                   fables
                   do
                   proceed
                   from
                   Astrologers
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   intend
                   to
                   signifie
                   by
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   Thammuz
                   some
                   pleasant
                   Star
                   disappearing
                   to
                   our
                   Horizon
                   half
                   the
                   year
                   ,
                   and
                   returning
                   to
                   us
                   again
                   at
                   a
                   set
                   time
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Nebo
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Chaldeans
                   in
                   whose
                   
                   Temple
                   the
                   Oracles
                   were
                   delivered
                   as
                   his
                   name
                   intimates
                   ,
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   deriv'd
                   of
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   to
                   Prophesie
                   .
                   That
                   climate
                   was
                   full
                   of
                   prophets
                   aud
                   men
                   ,
                   who
                   studied
                   the
                   secrets
                   of
                   Nature
                   :
                   and
                   that
                   people
                   was
                   mightily
                   addicted
                   to
                   the
                   the
                   Sciences
                   that
                   do
                   enable
                   men
                   to
                   conjecture
                   of
                   the
                   events
                   of
                   the
                   time
                   to
                   come
                   ,
                   and
                   extream
                   superstitiary
                   in
                   observing
                   all
                   extraordinary
                   
                   accidents
                   ,
                   as
                   appears
                   in
                   the
                   History
                   of
                   
                   Daniel
                   .
                   I
                   do
                   therefore
                   imagine
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   Nebo
                   was
                   as
                   much
                   in
                   request
                   amongst
                   the
                   Chaldeans
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Apollo
                     Ismenius
                  
                   was
                   in
                   Greece
                   .
                
                 
                   Mero
                   or
                   Merodach
                   was
                   another
                   God
                   of
                   Babylon
                   ,
                   whose
                   Name
                   the
                   Princes
                   did
                   assume
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Sesach
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   called
                   Saceas
                   ,
                   was
                   an
                   Idol
                   of
                   the
                   Babylonians
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   adored
                   almost
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   as
                   Saturn
                   in
                   Rome
                   ;
                   for
                   his
                   Feastival
                   did
                   give
                   liberty
                   to
                   all
                   kind
                   of
                   debauchery
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   free
                   the
                   Servants
                   from
                   the
                   command
                   of
                   their
                   Masters
                   .
                   During
                   the
                   solemnity
                   ,
                   Ciun
                   is
                   nam'd
                   in
                   the
                   Acts
                   of
                   the
                   
                   Apostles
                   Remphan
                   :
                   Some
                   imagine
                   him
                   to
                   be
                   Saturn
                   ,
                   but
                   I
                   think
                   that
                   we
                   must
                   understand
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   bright
                   Stars
                   of
                   the
                   Firmament
                   worshipped
                   by
                   the
                   Israelites
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   shall
                   not
                   speak
                   of
                   the
                   Aegyptians
                   ,
                   who
                   paid
                   their
                   Devotions
                   to
                   the
                   Herbs
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   creeping
                   things
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   so
                   many
                   Gods.
                   I
                   shall
                   not
                   mention
                   the
                   remote
                   and
                   strange
                   Gods
                   of
                   
                     Assyria
                     ,
                     Persia
                     ,
                     Cappadocia
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Neighbouring
                   Countries
                   .
                   This
                   small
                   account
                   of
                   the
                   Eastern
                   Gods
                   will
                   suffice
                   for
                   the
                   understanding
                   of
                   several
                   passages
                   of
                   Scripture
                   ;
                   we
                   shall
                   therefore
                   proceed
                   to
                   examine
                   the
                   Names
                   of
                   our
                   Saxon
                   Gods.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XVI
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Gods
                   worshipped
                   in
                   England
                   .
                
                 
                   IDolatry
                   crept
                   in
                   amongst
                   men
                   ,
                   before
                   ever
                   this
                   Island
                   was
                   peopled
                   with
                   Inhabitants
                   :
                   Therefore
                   when
                   any
                   do
                   mention
                   this
                   place
                   ,
                   they
                   speak
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   of
                   their
                   Gods
                   :
                   Many
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   people
                   ,
                   were
                   come
                   from
                   the
                   Eastern
                   Nations
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Sun
                   was
                   the
                   Universal
                   God
                   ,
                   adored
                   in
                   
                   all
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   World.
                   In
                   this
                   Island
                   of
                   Albion
                   he
                   stood
                   upon
                   a
                   high
                   Pillar
                   ,
                   as
                   half
                   a
                   man
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   face
                   full
                   of
                   Rays
                   of
                   Light
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   flaming
                   Wheel
                   in
                   his
                   Breast
                   :
                   For
                   his
                   sake
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   daies
                   of
                   our
                   Week
                   is
                   named
                   Sunday
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   worshipped
                   on
                   that
                   day
                   :
                   The
                   peoples
                   Devotions
                   were
                   paid
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   Mithra
                   of
                   Persia
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   Divinities
                   of
                   the
                   East
                   ,
                   that
                   were
                   reverenced
                   for
                   the
                   Sun.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Moon
                   was
                   another
                   ancient
                   Idol
                   of
                   old
                   England
                   ;
                   it
                   was
                   represented
                   as
                   a
                   beautiful
                   Maid
                   ,
                   having
                   her
                   head
                   covered
                   ,
                   and
                   two
                   ears
                   standing
                   out
                   .
                
                 
                   Tuisco
                   ,
                   a
                   Grandchild
                   of
                   Noah
                   ,
                   was
                   adored
                   after
                   his
                   decease
                   by
                   all
                   his
                   Posterity
                   in
                   Germany
                   .
                   The
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   that
                   Country
                   are
                   yet
                   called
                   Tuitsh
                   ,
                   or
                   Duytshm●n
                   ,
                   from
                   this
                   their
                   Grandfather
                   ;
                   and
                   a
                   day
                   of
                   our
                   Week
                   is
                   named
                   Tuesday
                   ,
                   because
                   it
                   was
                   appointed
                   for
                   the
                   adoration
                   of
                   this
                   Northern
                   Idol
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Woden
                   was
                   a
                   warlike
                   Prince
                   of
                   the
                   Saxons
                   ,
                   happy
                   in
                   all
                   encounters
                   of
                   War
                   :
                   After
                   his
                   death
                   they
                   worshipped
                   him
                   for
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   War
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   represented
                   as
                   a
                   Mighty
                   Man
                   in
                   perfect
                   Armor
                   ,
                   holding
                   in
                   one
                   hand
                   his
                   Sword
                   lifted
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Buckler
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   :
                   From
                   him
                   our
                   Wednesday
                   ,
                   or
                   Wensday
                   ,
                   borrows
                   the
                   name
                   .
                
                 
                   Tharamis
                   ,
                   or
                   Thor
                   ,
                   was
                   a
                   famous
                   Idol
                   of
                   the
                   Northern
                   People
                   ,
                   adored
                   for
                   Jupiter
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   was
                   placed
                   upon
                   a
                   high
                   Throne
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Crown
                   of
                   Gold
                   on
                   his
                   head
                   ,
                   encompassed
                   about
                   with
                   many
                   Stars
                   ,
                   and
                   seven
                   Stars
                   representing
                   the
                   seven
                   Planets
                   in
                   his
                   left
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Scepter
                   in
                   the
                   right
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   we
                   may
                   understand
                   who
                   he
                   was
                   that
                   was
                   thus
                   named
                   ;
                   for
                   this
                   description
                   agrees
                   very
                   well
                   with
                   the
                   chief
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   stiled
                   
                     Jupiter
                     Olympius
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Tonans
                   .
                
                 
                   Friga
                   was
                   the
                   Goddess
                   unto
                   whom
                   the
                   Heathens
                   did
                   make
                   their
                   addresses
                   ,
                   to
                   obtain
                   plenty
                   of
                   earthly
                   blessings
                   and
                   prosperity
                   in
                   their
                   affairs
                   ;
                   therefore
                   she
                   may
                   be
                   taken
                   for
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Justice
                   ;
                   for
                   there
                   is
                   nothing
                   that
                   causes
                   a
                   Land
                   to
                   prosper
                   more
                   ,
                   than
                   Justice
                   and
                   Equity
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   reason
                   an
                   Author
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   did
                   usually
                   stand
                   on
                   the
                   right
                   hand
                   of
                   the
                   great
                   God
                   
                     Tharamis
                     ,
                     &
                     Woden
                  
                   the
                   
                   God
                   of
                   War
                   on
                   the
                   left
                   .
                   She
                   was
                   pictured
                   with
                   a
                   Sword
                   in
                   one
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Bow
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   left
                   her
                   name
                   to
                   our
                   Friday
                   .
                
                 
                   Seater
                   was
                   an
                   ill-favour'd
                   Idol
                   ,
                   painted
                   like
                   an
                   old
                   envious
                   Knave
                   with
                   a
                   thin
                   face
                   ,
                   a
                   long
                   
                   beard
                   ,
                   a
                   Wheel
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Basket
                   of
                   Flowers
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   &
                   girded
                   about
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   girdle
                   ;
                   from
                   him
                   our
                   Saturday
                   hath
                   borrowed
                   its
                   name
                   .
                
                 
                   Ermensewl
                   was
                   a
                   favourable
                   Idol
                   to
                   the
                   Poor
                   ,
                   represented
                   as
                   a
                   great
                   man
                   amongst
                   heaps
                   of
                   Flowers
                   ,
                   upon
                   his
                   head
                   he
                   supported
                   a
                   Cock
                   ,
                   in
                   his
                   breast
                   a
                   Bear
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   his
                   right
                   hand
                   he
                   did
                   hold
                   a
                   displayed
                   Banner
                   .
                
                 
                   Flint
                   was
                   another
                   Idol
                   of
                   our
                   Forefathers
                   ,
                   so
                   named
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   usually
                   stood
                   amongst
                   or
                   upon
                   Flints
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Fidegast
                     ,
                     Sine
                     ,
                     Prono
                     ,
                     Helmsteed
                     ,
                  
                   were
                   also
                   the
                   Idols
                   of
                   old
                   Britain
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Germans
                   :
                   The
                   Romans
                   did
                   call
                   them
                   by
                   names
                   proper
                   to
                   their
                   own
                   Idols
                   ;
                   but
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   Opinion
                   of
                   many
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   was
                   a
                   great
                   difference
                   between
                   the
                   Gods
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   this
                   Island
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   were
                   as
                   bloody
                   here
                   as
                   in
                   other
                   Nations
                   ;
                   it
                   was
                   a
                   common
                   practise
                   for
                   a
                   Father
                   to
                   cut
                   the
                   throat
                   of
                   his
                   Son
                   upon
                   the
                   Altars
                   of
                   our
                   English
                   Gods
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Poet
                   informs
                   us
                   .
                   
                     
                       Et
                       quibus
                       immitis
                       placatur
                       sanguine
                       diro
                    
                     
                       Theutates
                       ,
                       horrensque
                       feris
                       Altaribus
                       Hesus
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   By
                   Theutates
                   the
                   Romans
                   did
                   understand
                   Mercurius
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   
                     Hesus
                     Mars
                  
                   .
                   I
                   do
                   imagine
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   have
                   some
                   reason
                   for
                   their
                   Opinions
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Theutates
                   of
                   the
                   Gauls
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Germans
                   ,
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   place
                   ,
                   esteem
                   ,
                   and
                   order
                   ,
                   as
                   Mercurius
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   Roman
                   Territories
                   :
                   And
                   so
                   the
                   Hesus
                   of
                   
                   our
                   Britains
                   ,
                   was
                   that
                   warlike
                   and
                   bloody
                   Devil
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   delight
                   so
                   much
                   in
                   the
                   effusion
                   of
                   blood
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   had
                   particular
                   inspection
                   over
                   the
                   places
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   adored
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   time
                   the
                   Idols
                   did
                   encrease
                   ;
                   and
                   we
                   find
                   in
                   Ancient
                   Writers
                   ,
                   some
                   who
                   have
                   been
                   transported
                   hither
                   by
                   the
                   Eastern
                   people
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   God
                   Belenus
                   ,
                   or
                   Belatucadrus
                   :
                   The
                   latter
                   to
                   my
                   knowledge
                   hath
                   been
                   adored
                   in
                   the
                   North
                   part
                   of
                   England
                   ;
                   for
                   lately
                   since
                   the
                   Learned
                   Cambden
                   hath
                   mentioned
                   him
                   ,
                   there
                   was
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   his
                   Statue
                   found
                   in
                   Westmorland
                   ,
                   and
                   near
                   Brougham
                   ,
                   belonging
                   to
                   that
                   bountiful
                   and
                   Venerable
                   Lady
                   
                     Anne
                     Dorset
                  
                   ,
                   Countess
                   Dowager
                   of
                   
                     Pembrook
                     ,
                     Mongomery
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   bottom
                   this
                   Inscription
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   seen
                   ,
                   
                     SANCTO
                     DEO
                     BELATVCADRO
                  
                   ,
                   which
                   Idol
                   was
                   doubtless
                   made
                   by
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   for
                   it
                   was
                   their
                   custom
                   to
                   adore
                   the
                   Gods
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   Conquer
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   End
                   of
                   the
                   First
                   Book
                   .
                
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
           
             
             
             
               THE
               SECOND
               BOOK
               OF
               THE
               HISTORY
               OF
               THE
               Heathen
               Gods
               :
               Treating
               of
               the
               Ancient
               Demi-Gods
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               ,
               Printed
               by
               
                 S.
                 G.
              
               and
               B.
               G.
               for
               
                 Moses
                 Pitts
              
               ,
               and
               are
               to
               be
               sold
               at
               the
               White-Hart
               in
               Little-Britain
               ,
               1671.
               
            
          
           
             
             
             
               The
               Preface
               .
            
             
               WE
               do
               learn
               from
               Hesiod
               ,
               how
               the
               Heathens
               did
               acknowledge
               three
               sorts
               of
               Gods.
               For
               besides
               those
               of
               the
               First
               Rank
               ,
               of
               whom
               we
               have
               treated
               in
               the
               former
               Book
               ,
               they
               did
               suppose
               ,
               that
               the
               Aire
               was
               full
               of
               many
               little
               gods
               called
               Daemones
               ,
               who
               ,
               according
               to
               their
               belief
               did
               imploy
               themselves
               in
               the
               affairs
               of
               mankind
               .
            
             
               The
               Last
               Sort
               are
               those
               that
               they
               call
               Heroes
               or
               Demi-gods
               ,
               who
               did
               fetch
               their
               beginning
               from
               a
               God
               either
               of
               the
               Father
               or
               Mothers
               side
               ;
               neverthelesse
               ,
               they
               did
               admit
               into
               their
               number
               ,
               such
               as
               by
               their
               noted
               vertues
               or
               extraordinary
               deservings
               did
               represent
               the
               Perfection
               of
               the
               gods
               ,
               although
               both
               their
               Fathers
               and
               Mothers
               were
               mortals
               as
               the
               the
               rest
               .
               The
               Statues
               asigned
               unto
               them
               were
               for
               this
               reason
               greater
               and
               larger
               
               than
               ordinary
               men
               ,
               unto
               them
               the
               Dragon
               was
               dedicated
               ,
               as
               a
               sign
               of
               Immortality
               unto
               which
               they
               had
               attained
               as
               we
               may
               see
               in
               Virgil
               ,
               when
               he
               speaks
               of
               the
               Tomb
               of
               Anchises
               ,
               he
               sayes
               that
               out
               of
               it
               came
               forth
               a
               great
               Serpent
               .
               And
               Cleomenes
               in
               Plutarch
               was
               esteemed
               a
               God
               by
               the
               Egyptians
               ,
               because
               they
               had
               seen
               a
               Serpent
               engendered
               of
               his
               corrupted
               body
               after
               his
               Death
               .
               The
               most
               famous
               of
               these
               Demi-gods
               were
               
                 Perseus
                 ,
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 Theseus
              
               ,
               the
               Argonauts
               ,
               and
               many
               of
               those
               famous
               Captains
               ,
               that
               got
               so
               much
               honor
               in
               the
               Wars
               of
               Thebs
               and
               Troy
               :
               of
               these
               we
               shall
               now
               treat
               in
               this
               Second
               Book
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
               THE
               HISTORY
               OF
               THE
               Ancient
               Demi-Gods
               :
            
             
               
                 Book
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   I.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   Story
                   of
                   Perseus
                   .
                
                 
                   PErseus
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   of
                   Danae
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Acrisius
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Argives
                   .
                   Acrisius
                   having
                   been
                   informed
                   by
                   the
                   Oracles
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Child
                   ,
                   that
                   should
                   be
                   born
                   of
                   his
                   Daughter
                   was
                   to
                   take
                   away
                   his
                   Life
                   ,
                   he
                   shut
                   her
                   up
                   in
                   a
                   Tower
                   of
                   Brass
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   never
                   have
                   the
                   acquaintance
                   of
                   any
                   man
                   ,
                   nor
                   a
                   Child
                   to
                   trouble
                   him
                   with
                   such
                   an
                   apprehension
                   .
                   But
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   hinder
                   Jupiter
                   from
                   visiting
                   her
                   when
                   he
                   began
                   to
                   be
                   
                   for
                   by
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   the
                   Tower
                   in
                   a
                   golden
                   showre
                   ,
                   this
                   letcherous
                   god
                   found
                   an
                   entrance
                   to
                   Danae
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   Perseus
                   was
                   born
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   seen
                   in
                   the
                   Story
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   which
                   when
                   Acrisius
                   did
                   understand
                   ,
                   he
                   commanded
                   the
                   Mother
                   and
                   the
                   Child
                   to
                   be
                   shut
                   up
                   in
                   a
                   Chest
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   be
                   thus
                   cast
                   into
                   the
                   Sea.
                   The
                   Kings
                   command
                   was
                   executed
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   chest
                   was
                   afterwards
                   taken
                   up
                   by
                   some
                   Fishermen
                   ,
                   that
                   found
                   it
                   floating
                   upon
                   the
                   waves
                   ,
                   and
                   both
                   the
                   mother
                   and
                   the
                   Child
                   yet
                   alive
                   ,
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   the
                   Prophecy
                   of
                   the
                   Oracle
                   proved
                   true
                   ;
                   for
                   at
                   a
                   certain
                   time
                   ,
                   when
                   Acrisius
                   was
                   present
                   to
                   see
                   a
                   pastime
                   or
                   a
                   delightful
                   Combat
                   ,
                   Perseus
                   gave
                   him
                   accidently
                   a
                   blow
                   that
                   killed
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   this
                   Perseus
                   came
                   to
                   age
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   mightily
                   honoured
                   ,
                   and
                   favoured
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   gods
                   .
                   Minerva
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   him
                   her
                   looking
                   glass
                   :
                   for
                   a
                   Buckler
                   Mercurius
                   gave
                   him
                   the
                   wings
                   of
                   his
                   feet
                   and
                   of
                   his
                   head
                   with
                   his
                   Cimiter
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   he
                   performed
                   notable
                   exploits
                   ,
                   for
                   some
                   say
                   he
                   subdued
                   all
                   that
                   Country
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   named
                   Persia
                   from
                   him
                   .
                   He
                   delivered
                   the
                   wretched
                   Andromeda
                   from
                   the
                   cruelty
                   of
                   the
                   Nereids
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   bound
                   her
                   to
                   a
                   Rock
                   to
                   be
                   there
                   devoured
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   Monsters
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   incensed
                   against
                   her
                   Mother
                   for
                   despising
                   their
                   beauty
                   ,
                
                 
                   In
                   his
                   time
                   there
                   were
                   three
                   Sisters
                   the
                   Dau
                   ●●●rs
                   of
                   Phoreys
                   a
                   Sea-god
                   called
                   Gorgones
                   
                   They
                   were
                   all
                   mishapen
                   and
                   cruel
                   ,
                   having
                   but
                   one
                   eye
                   in
                   common
                   to
                   them
                   all
                   ;
                   nevertheless
                   the
                   poets
                   do
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   third
                   named
                   Medusa
                   ,
                   had
                   been
                   a
                   rare
                   beauty
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   when
                   Neptnne
                   saw
                   her
                   in
                   
                   Minerva's
                   Temple
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   mightily
                   taken
                   with
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   oblidged
                   her
                   to
                   yield
                   to
                   his
                   lust
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   .
                   This
                   action
                   did
                   displease
                   Minerva
                   so
                   much
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   changed
                   
                   Medusa's
                   locks
                   of
                   hair
                   into
                   fearful
                   Serpents
                   ,
                   whose
                   onely
                   looks
                   caused
                   every
                   one
                   to
                   be
                   turned
                   into
                   Stones
                   .
                   Perseus
                   resolved
                   to
                   cut
                   off
                   her
                   head
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   deliver
                   the
                   Country
                   from
                   this
                   grievous
                   Monster
                   :
                   Out
                   of
                   the
                   drops
                   of
                   her
                   blood
                   was
                   begot
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   say
                   ,
                   the
                   Horse
                   Pegasus
                   with
                   his
                   great
                   wings
                   ,
                   who
                   with
                   a
                   stroke
                   of
                   his
                   heels
                   opened
                   the
                   fountain
                   Hypocrene
                   so
                   highly
                   esteemed
                   of
                   the
                   Poets
                   .
                   This
                   Horse
                   afterwards
                   became
                   more
                   famous
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   gave
                   his
                   assistance
                   to
                   Bellerophon
                   in
                   his
                   encounter
                   with
                   the
                   Chimaera
                   ,
                   afterwards
                   being
                   frighted
                   by
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   he
                   cast
                   his
                   Rider
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   took
                   his
                   flight
                   to
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   is
                   at
                   present
                   among
                   the
                   Stars
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   to
                   return
                   to
                   Medusa
                   ,
                   we
                   must
                   take
                   notice
                   ,
                   that
                   although
                   her
                   head
                   was
                   cut
                   off
                   it
                   retained
                   the
                   same
                   vertue
                   and
                   qualities
                   as
                   before
                   ,
                   for
                   it
                   changed
                   every
                   one
                   unto
                   whom
                   it
                   was
                   presented
                   into
                   Stone
                   ;
                   as
                   it
                   did
                   poor
                   Atlas
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   Perseus
                   did
                   thus
                   revenge
                   himself
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   would
                   not
                   afford
                   him
                   a
                   Lodging
                   with
                   him
                   .
                   But
                   Perseus
                   was
                   
                   not
                   only
                   notable
                   by
                   his
                   valour
                   and
                   warlike
                   feats
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   by
                   his
                   favouring
                   of
                   good
                   Learning
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   caused
                   to
                   flourish
                   in
                   his
                   time
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   great
                   persons
                   is
                   :
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   he
                   built
                   a
                   Colledge
                   upon
                   the
                   Mount
                   Helicon
                   for
                   to
                   instruct
                   Youth
                   ;
                   therefore
                   the
                   Poets
                   and
                   Astrologers
                   have
                   advanced
                   his
                   Name
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   behind
                   him
                   he
                   hath
                   left
                   the
                   esteem
                   of
                   a
                   great
                   Warriour
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   an
                   excellent
                   favourer
                   of
                   Learning
                   .
                   His
                   furniture
                   and
                   weapons
                   are
                   Sacred
                   Hieroglyphicks
                   of
                   rare
                   qualities
                   that
                   were
                   in
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   are
                   required
                   to
                   undertake
                   and
                   compass
                   with
                   success
                   glorious
                   designs
                   .
                   The
                   Looking-glass
                   of
                   Minerva
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   his
                   Buckler
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   Embleme
                   of
                   Prudence
                   :
                   The
                   Cimeter
                   and
                   wings
                   of
                   Mercurius
                   ,
                   that
                   were
                   given
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   do
                   intimate
                   that
                   strength
                   and
                   valour
                   must
                   be
                   seconded
                   with
                   speed
                   and
                   celerity
                   in
                   the
                   execution
                   of
                   great
                   matters
                   :
                   And
                   that
                   which
                   is
                   said
                   of
                   the
                   Head
                   of
                   Medusa
                   ,
                   teacheth
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   only
                   presence
                   of
                   a
                   great
                   man
                   ,
                   furnished
                   with
                   such
                   excellent
                   qualities
                   ,
                   are
                   able
                   to
                   strike
                   a
                   terror
                   into
                   the
                   minds
                   of
                   his
                   Opposers
                   ,
                   and
                   stop
                   them
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   they
                   were
                   but
                   statues
                   and
                   stones
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   
                     Cornelius
                     Agrippa
                  
                   takes
                   notice
                   ,
                   that
                   most
                   of
                   the
                   famous
                   men
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   were
                   begotten
                   by
                   Adultery
                   and
                   Incest
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Alexander
                     ,
                     Scipio
                     ,
                     Caesar
                     ,
                     Constantine
                     the
                     Great
                     ,
                  
                   &c.
                   
                   Amongst
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   when
                   their
                   Fathers
                   were
                   not
                   well
                   known
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   acknowledged
                   by
                   
                   Mothers
                   of
                   a
                   Noble
                   Race
                   ,
                   when
                   their
                   actions
                   and
                   life
                   were
                   worthy
                   of
                   esteem
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   then
                   labour
                   to
                   cloak
                   the
                   shame
                   of
                   their
                   Birth
                   ,
                   declaring
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   proceeded
                   from
                   no
                   Mortal
                   Race
                   ,
                   but
                   were
                   begotten
                   by
                   a
                   God
                   :
                   The
                   people
                   engaged
                   by
                   their
                   good
                   Offices
                   and
                   virtuous
                   actions
                   to
                   believe
                   them
                   ,
                   did
                   imbrace
                   and
                   maintain
                   such
                   tales
                   with
                   much
                   heat
                   and
                   animosity
                   .
                   Perseus
                   was
                   of
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   these
                   men
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   cast
                   the
                   reproach
                   of
                   their
                   birth
                   upon
                   the
                   Chief
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ;
                   for
                   his
                   Mother
                   being
                   deprived
                   of
                   all
                   hopes
                   of
                   having
                   any
                   lawful
                   issue
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   cruelty
                   of
                   her
                   jealous
                   Father
                   ,
                   who
                   confined
                   her
                   to
                   a
                   close
                   Prison
                   ,
                   she
                   was
                   not
                   unwilling
                   to
                   accept
                   of
                   the
                   solicitations
                   of
                   her
                   Vncle
                   Pretus
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   of
                   this
                   incestuous
                   Copulation
                   was
                   born
                   Perseus
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   with
                   his
                   Mother
                   cast
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   but
                   Providence
                   convey'd
                   him
                   alive
                   thorough
                   the
                   waves
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   to
                   the
                   Island
                   Seriphus
                   ,
                   where
                   Polydectes
                   did
                   command
                   as
                   King.
                   It
                   happened
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   his
                   Brother
                   Dictys
                   was
                   fishing
                   upon
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   he
                   happily
                   met
                   with
                   these
                   unfortunate
                   creatures
                   shut
                   up
                   in
                   the
                   Chest
                   ,
                   floating
                   alive
                   upon
                   the
                   water
                   ;
                   he
                   conveyed
                   them
                   into
                   the
                   Island
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   nourished
                   them
                   at
                   his
                   Brothers
                   Court.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   Perseus
                   came
                   to
                   Age
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   taken
                   notice
                   of
                   for
                   his
                   valour
                   and
                   strength
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   desirous
                   to
                   ingratiate
                   himself
                   with
                   the
                   people
                   ,
                   he
                   undertook
                   to
                   destroy
                   the
                   Monsters
                   of
                   Women
                   that
                   were
                   in
                   Africa
                   ,
                   called
                   Gorgones
                   ;
                   some
                   think
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   Basilisks
                   ,
                   that
                   kill
                   with
                   their
                   eye-sight
                   .
                   He
                   cut
                   off
                   the
                   Head
                   of
                   Medusa
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   the
                   drops
                   of
                   corrupt
                   blood
                   
                   that
                   fell
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   did
                   proceed
                   that
                   multitude
                   of
                   Serpents
                   and
                   venomous
                   Beasts
                   that
                   trouble
                   Africa
                   more
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   World.
                   But
                   Perseus
                   could
                   not
                   have
                   overcome
                   them
                   ,
                   had
                   he
                   not
                   been
                   furnished
                   with
                   the
                   forementioned
                   Armour
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Helmet
                   of
                   Pluto
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   he
                   became
                   invisible
                   .
                   He
                   did
                   many
                   brave
                   actions
                   ,
                   insomuch
                   that
                   he
                   obtained
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   for
                   himself
                   a
                   place
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   for
                   his
                   Father
                   and
                   Mother-in-law
                   ,
                   Cepheus
                   ,
                   and
                   Cassiopeia
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   his
                   Wife
                   Andromeda
                   .
                   The
                   Poets
                   do
                   take
                   notice
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   cut
                   
                   Medusa's
                   Head
                   whiles
                   she
                   was
                   asleep
                   ,
                   he
                   turned
                   from
                   her
                   his
                   eyes
                   ,
                   and
                   lookt
                   in
                   his
                   Buckler
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   a
                   Looking-glass
                   ,
                   how
                   to
                   direct
                   his
                   Sword.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   II.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   Hercules
                   .
                
                 
                   HErcules
                   hath
                   been
                   the
                   most
                   Illustrious
                   and
                   the
                   most
                   Glorious
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Heroes
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   ,
                   unto
                   whom
                   are
                   ascribed
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   judgment
                   of
                   many
                   persons
                   ,
                   the
                   deeds
                   of
                   several
                   famous
                   men
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   Mother
                   was
                   Alcmena
                   ,
                   who
                   espoused
                   Amphitrion
                   ,
                   a
                   Theban
                   Prince
                   ,
                   upon
                   condition
                   that
                   he
                   would
                   revenge
                   the
                   massacre
                   of
                   her
                   Brother
                   .
                   Whiles
                   he
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   War
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   ,
                   amorous
                   Jupiter
                   gave
                   a
                   visit
                   to
                   Alcmena
                   in
                   the
                   shape
                   of
                   Amphitryon
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   enjoy
                   the
                   satisfaction
                   of
                   her
                   
                   company
                   longer
                   without
                   discovery
                   ,
                   he
                   made
                   the
                   Night
                   to
                   continue
                   longer
                   than
                   any
                   other
                   .
                   Alemeni
                   was
                   then
                   big
                   with
                   Iphiclus
                   ;
                   she
                   did
                   nevertheless
                   conceive
                   Hercules
                   from
                   Jupiters
                   acquaintance
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   brought
                   to
                   bed
                   of
                   both
                   of
                   them
                   together
                   .
                   Although
                   Amphitryon
                   was
                   not
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   by
                   the
                   Poets
                   called
                   Amphitrymiades
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   that
                   time
                   Sthelenus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Mycene
                   ,
                   was
                   in
                   great
                   hopes
                   of
                   obtaining
                   speedily
                   a
                   Son
                   ,
                   afterwards
                   called
                   
                     Eurystheus
                     .
                     Jupiter
                  
                   took
                   an
                   oath
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   that
                   should
                   be
                   born
                   first
                   of
                   him
                   or
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   should
                   be
                   King
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   an
                   absolute
                   command
                   over
                   the
                   other
                   ;
                   which
                   when
                   Juno
                   ,
                   the
                   sworn
                   Enemy
                   of
                   all
                   her
                   Husbands
                   Concubines
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Children
                   that
                   were
                   born
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   had
                   accidentally
                   heard
                   ,
                   she
                   caused
                   Eurystheus
                   to
                   come
                   forth
                   of
                   his
                   Mothers
                   Womb
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   seven
                   moneths
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   procured
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   Scepter
                   with
                   the
                   Sovereign
                   Command
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   Juno
                   solicited
                   earnestly
                   by
                   Pallas
                   ,
                   was
                   reconciled
                   to
                   Hercules
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   in
                   testimony
                   of
                   her
                   good
                   will
                   and
                   amity
                   ,
                   she
                   gave
                   him
                   to
                   suck
                   of
                   her
                   own
                   milk
                   ;
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   it
                   hapned
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Little
                   Hercules
                   having
                   spilt
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Milk
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   mouth
                   ,
                   he
                   whited
                   all
                   that
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Sky
                   that
                   we
                   call
                   the
                   Milken
                   Way
                   .
                   This
                   kindness
                   was
                   but
                   feigned
                   ,
                   to
                   satisfie
                   the
                   request
                   of
                   Pallas
                   ;
                   for
                   a
                   while
                   after
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   yet
                   in
                   the
                   Cradle
                   ,
                   she
                   sent
                   two
                   dreadful
                   Serpents
                   to
                   
                   devour
                   him
                   ,
                   which
                   did
                   not
                   answer
                   her
                   expectation
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Child
                   without
                   any
                   shew
                   of
                   fear
                   caught
                   them
                   in
                   his
                   hands
                   ,
                   and
                   tore
                   them
                   in
                   pieces
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   he
                   was
                   come
                   to
                   Age
                   ,
                   Eurystheus
                   exposed
                   him
                   to
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   dangers
                   to
                   cause
                   him
                   to
                   perish
                   :
                   So
                   that
                   once
                   he
                   took
                   a
                   resolution
                   to
                   obey
                   him
                   no
                   longer
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   Oracle
                   informed
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   the
                   Will
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   pass
                   twelve
                   times
                   more
                   through
                   dangers
                   ,
                   in
                   obedience
                   to
                   the
                   Commands
                   of
                   this
                   Tyrant
                   .
                   These
                   are
                   named
                   the
                   Twelve
                   Adventures
                   of
                   Hercules
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   was
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   ordered
                   to
                   destroy
                   a
                   great
                   Lyon
                   of
                   the
                   Forrest
                   of
                   Nemea
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   fallen
                   from
                   the
                   Globe
                   of
                   the
                   Moon
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   did
                   spoil
                   all
                   the
                   Country
                   round
                   about
                   :
                   The
                   people
                   had
                   often
                   cast
                   Darts
                   and
                   Arrows
                   at
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   his
                   skin
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   pierced
                   .
                   Hercules
                   pursued
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   drove
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   Cave
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   seised
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   strangled
                   him
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   always
                   did
                   wear
                   the
                   skin
                   of
                   this
                   Lyon
                   about
                   him
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Trophy
                   of
                   his
                   Victory
                   .
                   Some
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   is
                   the
                   Lyon
                   that
                   was
                   placed
                   amongst
                   the
                   twelve
                   Signs
                   of
                   the
                   Zodiack
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   was
                   sent
                   next
                   to
                   the
                   Lake
                   of
                   Lerna
                   ,
                   near
                   Argos
                   ,
                   to
                   encounter
                   with
                   the
                   Hydra
                   ,
                   a
                   notable
                   Serpent
                   ,
                   of
                   a
                   strange
                   Nature
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   had
                   seven
                   heads
                   ,
                   when
                   one
                   was
                   cut
                   off
                   ,
                   many
                   others
                   did
                   immediately
                   burst
                   forth
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   not
                   possible
                   to
                   overcome
                   this
                   Monster
                   ,
                   unless
                   all
                   his
                   Heads
                   were
                   cut
                   off
                   at
                   one
                   time
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   his
                   body
                   destroyed
                   by
                   Fire
                   and
                   Sword
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   executed
                   by
                   Hercules
                   .
                   About
                   that
                   time
                   a
                   wild
                   Boar
                   ,
                   of
                   an
                   extraordinary
                   bigness
                   ,
                   whose
                   residence
                   was
                   upon
                   Mount
                   Erymanthus
                   in
                   Arcadia
                   ,
                   did
                   destroy
                   all
                   the
                   Neighbouring
                   Fields
                   .
                   Hercules
                   drag'd
                   him
                   alive
                   to
                   Eurystheus
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   almost
                   frighted
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   Wits
                   when
                   he
                   beheld
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   fourth
                   place
                   he
                   got
                   hold
                   of
                   the
                   Stag
                   of
                   the
                   Mountain
                   Menalus
                   ,
                   whose
                   feet
                   were
                   of
                   brass
                   ,
                   and
                   horns
                   of
                   gold
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   pursued
                   it
                   a
                   whole
                   year
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   put
                   to
                   flight
                   the
                   Birds
                   of
                   the
                   Lake
                   Stymphalus
                   ,
                   
                   that
                   were
                   so
                   numerous
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   such
                   a
                   prodigious
                   greatness
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   darken
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   and
                   hinder
                   the
                   Sun
                   from
                   shining
                   upon
                   men
                   when
                   they
                   did
                   fly
                   over
                   them
                   :
                   Besides
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   often
                   take
                   up
                   some
                   ,
                   and
                   carry
                   them
                   away
                   to
                   devour
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Encounters
                   were
                   not
                   worthy
                   to
                   be
                   compared
                   with
                   his
                   Combat
                   against
                   the
                   Amazons
                   ;
                   
                   they
                   were
                   women
                   of
                   Scythia
                   ,
                   dwelling
                   upon
                   the
                   Coasts
                   of
                   the
                   Hircanian
                   Sea
                   ,
                   who
                   having
                   followed
                   their
                   Husbands
                   in
                   the
                   War
                   ,
                   and
                   seeing
                   them
                   all
                   cut
                   off
                   by
                   the
                   Enemies
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   River
                   of
                   Thermodon
                   in
                   Cappadocia
                   ,
                   they
                   resolved
                   to
                   mannage
                   the
                   War
                   themselves
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   to
                   suffer
                   any
                   Husband
                   ,
                   nor
                   any
                   man
                   ,
                   to
                   have
                   any
                   Command
                   either
                   in
                   the
                   Kingdome
                   ,
                   or
                   in
                   their
                   Armies
                   :
                   They
                   went
                   amongst
                   their
                   Neighbours
                   to
                   fetch
                   from
                   them
                   Children
                   ;
                   the
                   Males
                   they
                   did
                   destroy
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   brought
                   up
                   none
                   but
                   the
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   whose
                   right
                   Pap
                   they
                   did
                   burn
                   in
                   their
                   infancy
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   be
                   more
                   ready
                   to
                   handle
                   the
                   Bow
                   and
                   Arrows
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   weapons
                   .
                   They
                   behaved
                   themselves
                   gallantly
                   in
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Tr●y
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   leading
                   of
                   Penthesilea
                   .
                   But
                   these
                   warlike
                   women
                   were
                   forced
                   to
                   yield
                   to
                   the
                   valour
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   who
                   being
                   accompanied
                   by
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   went
                   against
                   them
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   command
                   of
                   Eurystheus
                   :
                   He
                   took
                   their
                   Queen
                   Hippolyte
                   that
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Theseus
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   seventh
                   Adventure
                   ,
                   as
                   Virgilius
                   informs
                   us
                   ,
                   was
                   to
                   cleanse
                   the
                   Stables
                   of
                   Augias
                   King
                   of
                   Elis
                   ,
                   in
                   them
                   thousands
                   of
                   Oxen
                   had
                   been
                   nourished
                   every
                   day
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   dung
                   ,
                   by
                   a
                   long
                   continuance
                   ,
                   was
                   mightily
                   encreased
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   fill
                   the
                   Air
                   with
                   infection
                   .
                   Hercules
                   therefore
                   turned
                   the
                   currant
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   Alpheus
                   from
                   its
                   ordinary
                   course
                   ,
                   and
                   caused
                   it
                   to
                   pass
                   thorough
                   the
                   Stables
                   .
                   Thus
                   he
                   carried
                   away
                   all
                   the
                   filth
                   in
                   a
                   day
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   his
                   bargain
                   :
                   But
                   Augias
                   was
                   not
                   grateful
                   to
                   him
                   for
                   his
                   pains
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   denied
                   him
                   the
                   tenth
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Oxen
                   that
                   were
                   kept
                   there
                   :
                   This
                   caused
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   loss
                   of
                   all
                   his
                   goods
                   .
                
                 
                   Afterwards
                   Hercules
                   went
                   and
                   seiz'd
                   upon
                   a
                   Bull
                   that
                   did
                   breath
                   nothing
                   but
                   fire
                   and
                   flame
                   ,
                   which
                   Neptunus
                   had
                   sent
                   into
                   Greece
                   to
                   punish
                   some
                   disgraces
                   and
                   affronts
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   received
                   from
                   that
                   Country
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   passed
                   from
                   thence
                   into
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   where
                   
                   he
                   caused
                   the
                   King
                   Diomedes
                   to
                   endure
                   in
                   his
                   own
                   person
                   that
                   which
                   he
                   made
                   others
                   suffer
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   gave
                   all
                   the
                   strangers
                   that
                   he
                   could
                   catch
                   in
                   his
                   Kingdome
                   to
                   his
                   Horses
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   devoured
                   by
                   them
                   .
                   Hercules
                   served
                   Busiris
                   King
                   of
                   Egypt
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   cruel
                   to
                   all
                   strangers
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   cut
                   their
                   throats
                   upon
                   the
                   Altars
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   cloak
                   his
                   cruelty
                   with
                   a
                   gaudy
                   pretence
                   of
                   Piety
                   .
                   Likewise
                   Geryon
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Spain
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   reported
                   to
                   have
                   three
                   bodies
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   command
                   three
                   Kingdomes
                   ,
                   was
                   no
                   less
                   cruel
                   than
                   the
                   former
                   ;
                   he
                   did
                   feed
                   some
                   Oxen
                   that
                   he
                   highly
                   esteemed
                   ,
                   as
                   Diomedes
                   did
                   his
                   Horses
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   keep
                   them
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   Dog
                   with
                   three
                   heads
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Dragon
                   with
                   seven
                   .
                   When
                   Hercules
                   was
                   sent
                   thither
                   by
                   Eurystheus
                   ,
                   he
                   treated
                   him
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   formerly
                   done
                   Diomedes
                   .
                   Now
                   this
                   Geryon
                   who
                   had
                   three
                   Heads
                   ,
                   and
                   three
                   Bodies
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   but
                   one
                   Soul
                   to
                   move
                   them
                   ,
                   was
                   not
                   like
                   King
                   Herilus
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   by
                   Virgil
                   in
                   the
                   eighth
                   Book
                   of
                   the
                   Aeneids
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   three
                   Souls
                   in
                   one
                   Body
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   die
                   by
                   one
                   or
                   two
                   deaths
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   kill'd
                   three
                   times
                   before
                   he
                   could
                   be
                   dispatcht
                   .
                   Another
                   Adventure
                   of
                   Hercules
                   was
                   ,
                   to
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   possession
                   of
                   Eurystheus
                   certain
                   Golden
                   Apples
                   belonging
                   to
                   Juno
                   ,
                   that
                   were
                   in
                   the
                   custody
                   of
                   some
                   Nymphs
                   ,
                   Hesperides
                   Daughters
                   of
                   Hesperus
                   ,
                   the
                   Brother
                   of
                   Atlas
                   :
                   But
                   before
                   that
                   any
                   could
                   come
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   a
                   great
                   Dragon
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   at
                   the
                   entry
                   of
                   the
                   
                   Garden
                   where
                   they
                   did
                   grow
                   ,
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   first
                   overcome
                   .
                   He
                   found
                   a
                   means
                   to
                   accomplish
                   this
                   Enterprise
                   also
                   :
                   Some
                   say
                   that
                   he
                   made
                   use
                   of
                   Atlas
                   ,
                   who
                   went
                   to
                   gather
                   them
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   mean
                   whiles
                   he
                   took
                   upon
                   him
                   the
                   others
                   burden
                   ,
                   and
                   bore
                   up
                   the
                   Heavens
                   with
                   his
                   shoulders
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   last
                   injunction
                   that
                   he
                   received
                   from
                   Eurystheus
                   ,
                   was
                   to
                   fetch
                   from
                   Hell
                   the
                   Dog
                   Cerberus
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   he
                   brought
                   also
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   gone
                   down
                   to
                   keep
                   company
                   to
                   his
                   dear
                   friend
                   Pirithous
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   glorious
                   actions
                   made
                   Hercules
                   to
                   be
                   dreadful
                   to
                   King
                   Eurystheus
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   all
                   the
                   other
                   Princes
                   of
                   the
                   World.
                   Afterwards
                   there
                   was
                   no
                   Monsters
                   nor
                   Tyrant
                   known
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   undertook
                   to
                   destroy
                   them
                   .
                   Thus
                   he
                   put
                   to
                   death
                   Busiris
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   lay
                   Embuscado's
                   to
                   take
                   strangers
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   massacre
                   them
                   upon
                   his
                   Altars
                   .
                   Thus
                   he
                   killed
                   Cacus
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   three
                   Heads
                   ;
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Vulcanus
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   Aeneids
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   notable
                   Robber
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   spoil
                   and
                   destroy
                   all
                   that
                   came
                   near
                   the
                   Mount
                   Aventin
                   .
                
                 
                   From
                   thence
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   the
                   Mount
                   Caucasus
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   delivered
                   Prometheus
                   ,
                   and
                   kill'd
                   the
                   Eagle
                   that
                   did
                   devour
                   his
                   Liver
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   noted
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   Book
                   ,
                   Chap.
                   3.
                   
                
                 
                   Hercules
                   had
                   also
                   an
                   encounter
                   with
                   Antaeus
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   of
                   a
                   prodigious
                   bigness
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   did
                   commit
                   all
                   manner
                   
                   of
                   cruelties
                   .
                   This
                   was
                   very
                   remarkable
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   as
                   often
                   as
                   he
                   did
                   fall
                   and
                   touch
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   so
                   often
                   he
                   did
                   receive
                   a
                   fresh
                   supply
                   of
                   strength
                   ;
                   which
                   when
                   Hercules
                   did
                   perceive
                   ,
                   he
                   lifted
                   him
                   up
                   from
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   his
                   Arms
                   prest
                   the
                   breath
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   body
                   .
                   But
                   as
                   Hercules
                   was
                   big
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   a
                   great
                   body
                   ,
                   a
                   small
                   matter
                   was
                   not
                   sufficient
                   to
                   nourish
                   him
                   .
                   One
                   day
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   hungry
                   ,
                   walking
                   in
                   the
                   Fields
                   ,
                   he
                   met
                   Theodamas
                   tilling
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   from
                   whom
                   he
                   snatcht
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Oxen
                   that
                   he
                   laid
                   upon
                   his
                   shoulders
                   ,
                   and
                   devoured
                   every
                   bit
                   of
                   him
                   before
                   Theodamas
                   ,
                   who
                   in
                   the
                   mean
                   whiles
                   did
                   load
                   him
                   with
                   imprecations
                   and
                   curses
                   in
                   his
                   fury
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   was
                   derived
                   the
                   custom
                   of
                   that
                   Country
                   ,
                   to
                   offer
                   unto
                   Hercules
                   an
                   Oxe
                   in
                   Sacrifice
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   reproaches
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   made
                   also
                   a
                   journey
                   into
                   Spain
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   separated
                   the
                   two
                   Mountains
                   Calpe
                   and
                   Abyla
                   ,
                   to
                   let
                   in
                   the
                   main
                   Ocean
                   into
                   the
                   Land
                   by
                   the
                   Straits
                   of
                   Gibraltar
                   .
                   These
                   two
                   Mountains
                   scituate
                   one
                   against
                   another
                   ,
                   Calpe
                   in
                   Spain
                   ,
                   and
                   Abyla
                   in
                   Mauritania
                   ,
                   do
                   appear
                   afar
                   off
                   as
                   two
                   Pillars
                   ;
                   they
                   are
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Pillars
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   did
                   engrave
                   these
                   words
                   ,
                   
                     Non
                     plus
                     ultra
                  
                   ;
                   as
                   if
                   that
                   were
                   the
                   last
                   confines
                   of
                   the
                   world
                   ,
                   beyond
                   which
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   inlarge
                   his
                   Dominions
                   .
                   In
                   all
                   his
                   Conquests
                   he
                   made
                   use
                   of
                   no
                   other
                   weapon
                   but
                   a
                   Club
                   of
                   an
                   Olive
                   Tree
                   ,
                   which
                   at
                   last
                   he
                   dedicated
                   to
                   Mercurius
                   ,
                   
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Eloquence
                   ,
                   whose
                   virtue
                   he
                   did
                   acknowledge
                   to
                   be
                   more
                   profitable
                   than
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   Arms.
                   
                
                 
                   Juno
                   was
                   inwardly
                   grieved
                   to
                   see
                   him
                   purchase
                   so
                   much
                   glory
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   sought
                   an
                   opportunity
                   of
                   destroying
                   him
                   ,
                   or
                   at
                   least
                   of
                   creating
                   unto
                   him
                   some
                   mischief
                   whiles
                   he
                   was
                   in
                   his
                   journey
                   to
                   Hell
                   :
                   She
                   perswaded
                   Lycus
                   ,
                   banished
                   from
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   to
                   surprize
                   this
                   City
                   in
                   his
                   absence
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   kill
                   Creon
                   the
                   King
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   his
                   Sons
                   .
                   He
                   had
                   in
                   it
                   taken
                   Megara
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   and
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Creon
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   going
                   to
                   force
                   her
                   to
                   his
                   lust
                   ,
                   when
                   Hercules
                   returned
                   from
                   Hell
                   ,
                   and
                   kill'd
                   Lycus
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   his
                   Associates
                   .
                   This
                   was
                   no
                   small
                   disgrace
                   to
                   Juno
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   resolved
                   to
                   revenge
                   it
                   ;
                   therefore
                   she
                   caused
                   Hercules
                   to
                   enter
                   into
                   such
                   a
                   fury
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   killed
                   his
                   Wife
                   and
                   Children
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   became
                   so
                   much
                   afflicted
                   for
                   this
                   deed
                   ,
                   when
                   his
                   anger
                   was
                   appeased
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   resolved
                   to
                   destroy
                   himself
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   had
                   not
                   been
                   hindered
                   by
                   the
                   prayers
                   and
                   tears
                   of
                   Amphitryon
                   and
                   Theseus
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   this
                   famous
                   man
                   ,
                   after
                   so
                   many
                   brave
                   actions
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   overcome
                   all
                   things
                   by
                   his
                   valour
                   ,
                   he
                   became
                   a
                   Slave
                   to
                   Women
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   affections
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   entertain
                   for
                   them
                   .
                   Omphalis
                   ,
                   Queen
                   of
                   Lydia
                   ,
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   did
                   possess
                   him
                   so
                   much
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   changed
                   his
                   Club
                   into
                   spinning
                   instruments
                   ;
                   he
                   cloathed
                   himself
                   with
                   the
                   garments
                   of
                   a
                   Damosel
                   ,
                   and
                   served
                   this
                   
                   Princess
                   in
                   the
                   quality
                   of
                   a
                   Maid
                   of
                   Honour
                   .
                
                 
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   became
                   amorous
                   of
                   Deianira
                   ,
                   for
                   whom
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   fight
                   with
                   Achelous
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Thetys
                   :
                   But
                   the
                   latter
                   being
                   sensible
                   of
                   his
                   own
                   weakness
                   ,
                   did
                   encounter
                   with
                   him
                   in
                   several
                   shapes
                   ,
                   changing
                   himself
                   now
                   into
                   a
                   Serpent
                   ,
                   anon
                   into
                   a
                   Bull
                   :
                   Whiles
                   he
                   thus
                   appeared
                   to
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   he
                   caught
                   hold
                   of
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   horns
                   ,
                   and
                   tore
                   it
                   up
                   by
                   the
                   root
                   ,
                   which
                   made
                   him
                   so
                   ashamed
                   ,
                   that
                   ever
                   since
                   he
                   hath
                   remained
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   River
                   that
                   bears
                   his
                   Name
                   .
                   The
                   Naiades
                   ,
                   his
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   being
                   extremely
                   afflicted
                   at
                   this
                   disgrace
                   received
                   by
                   their
                   Father
                   ,
                   they
                   offered
                   the
                   Horn
                   of
                   Plenty
                   ,
                   which
                   Jupiter
                   had
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   them
                   to
                   redeem
                   that
                   of
                   their
                   Father
                   ;
                   for
                   we
                   must
                   understand
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   Jupiter
                   was
                   an
                   Infant
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   nourished
                   with
                   the
                   Milk
                   of
                   a
                   certain
                   She-goat
                   ,
                   named
                   Amalthea
                   ,
                   by
                   some
                   Nymphs
                   that
                   tended
                   him
                   :
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   requited
                   their
                   kindness
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   ,
                   the
                   Goat
                   he
                   advanced
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   and
                   gave
                   to
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   one
                   of
                   her
                   horns
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   rare
                   virtue
                   annexed
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   of
                   being
                   able
                   to
                   procure
                   unto
                   them
                   all
                   the
                   things
                   that
                   they
                   should
                   wish
                   for
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   named
                   it
                   the
                   Horn
                   of
                   Abundance
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Plenty
                   .
                
                 
                   Hercules
                   returned
                   Conquerour
                   with
                   Deianira
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   stopt
                   at
                   the
                   Ford
                   of
                   a
                   River
                   ,
                   where
                   Nessus
                   the
                   Centaur
                   offered
                   his
                   service
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   to
                   carry
                   Deianira
                   behind
                   him
                   
                   on
                   the
                   other
                   side
                   .
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   the
                   Traytor
                   was
                   there
                   landed
                   ,
                   he
                   would
                   have
                   abused
                   her
                   ,
                   had
                   not
                   Hercules
                   pierced
                   him
                   speedily
                   with
                   an
                   Arrow
                   ,
                   which
                   when
                   he
                   did
                   feel
                   that
                   it
                   had
                   struck
                   him
                   to
                   the
                   heart
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   expire
                   ,
                   he
                   resolved
                   to
                   revenge
                   himself
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   ;
                   he
                   gave
                   his
                   garment
                   dropping
                   with
                   his
                   blood
                   to
                   Deianira
                   ,
                   perswading
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   her
                   Husband
                   did
                   wear
                   it
                   but
                   once
                   ,
                   he
                   would
                   never
                   have
                   love
                   for
                   other
                   Women
                   :
                   The
                   silly
                   creature
                   believes
                   him
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   sent
                   it
                   to
                   him
                   by
                   Lychas
                   his
                   man
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   sacrificing
                   upon
                   Mount
                   Oeta
                   :
                   But
                   it
                   fell
                   not
                   out
                   as
                   she
                   had
                   imagined
                   ,
                   for
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   put
                   on
                   this
                   Coat
                   ,
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   Nessus
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   a
                   most
                   powerful
                   poyson
                   ,
                   caused
                   so
                   great
                   a
                   burning
                   all
                   over
                   his
                   body
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   despair
                   he
                   cast
                   himself
                   into
                   a
                   flaming
                   pile
                   of
                   Wood
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   there
                   consumed
                   to
                   ashes
                   .
                   The
                   Servitor
                   Lychas
                   was
                   drown'd
                   in
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Rock
                   ,
                   and
                   Deianira
                   for
                   grief
                   killed
                   her self
                   with
                   a
                   blow
                   of
                   her
                   Husbands
                   Club.
                   
                
                 
                   But
                   Hercules
                   before
                   he
                   died
                   did
                   oblige
                   Philoctete
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Pean
                   ,
                   his
                   companion
                   and
                   friend
                   ,
                   to
                   swear
                   unto
                   him
                   to
                   never
                   discover
                   unto
                   any
                   body
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   his
                   ashes
                   were
                   buried
                   :
                   He
                   delivered
                   unto
                   him
                   then
                   his
                   Arrows
                   coloured
                   with
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   the
                   Hydra
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   when
                   the
                   Grecians
                   were
                   preparing
                   for
                   an
                   expedition
                   against
                   Troy
                   ,
                   the
                   Oracle
                   gave
                   
                   out
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   City
                   was
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   taken
                   ,
                   unless
                   they
                   carried
                   with
                   them
                   the
                   Ashes
                   and
                   Arrows
                   of
                   Hercules
                   .
                   This
                   forced
                   him
                   to
                   discover
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   they
                   were
                   hid
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   not
                   violate
                   his
                   Oath
                   ,
                   he
                   shewed
                   where
                   they
                   lay
                   with
                   his
                   feet
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   punished
                   afterwards
                   for
                   it
                   ;
                   for
                   in
                   his
                   voyage
                   to
                   Troy
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   these
                   Arrows
                   wounded
                   his
                   foot
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   the
                   instrument
                   of
                   his
                   perfidy
                   ,
                   so
                   grievously
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   corrupted
                   and
                   yielded
                   such
                   a
                   stink
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   became
                   unsufferable
                   to
                   his
                   company
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   left
                   behind
                   in
                   the
                   Isle
                   of
                   Lemnos
                   .
                   Nevertheless
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Greeks
                   did
                   imagine
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   not
                   possible
                   to
                   obtain
                   any
                   success
                   without
                   the
                   Arrows
                   of
                   Hercules
                   that
                   were
                   in
                   his
                   keeping
                   ,
                   they
                   sent
                   Vlysses
                   back
                   to
                   bring
                   him
                   to
                   the
                   Siege
                   ;
                   and
                   afterwards
                   he
                   was
                   perfectly
                   healed
                   by
                   Macaon
                   ,
                   that
                   famous
                   Physitian
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Esculapius
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   There
                   hath
                   been
                   no
                   King
                   ,
                   nor
                   other
                   person
                   ,
                   since
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   that
                   hath
                   rendred
                   his
                   name
                   more
                   famous
                   than
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   f
                   r
                   he
                   was
                   not
                   only
                   known
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   in
                   Italy
                   ,
                   and
                   Spain
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   as
                   Herodotus
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   France
                   and
                   Germany
                   ,
                   as
                   Caesar
                   do
                   inform
                   us
                   .
                   These
                   following
                   particulars
                   may
                   be
                   further
                   added
                   to
                   his
                   former
                   History
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   intelligence
                   of
                   the
                   Poets
                   ,
                   and
                   Ancient
                   Writers
                   .
                
                 
                   Jupiter
                   when
                   he
                   laid
                   with
                   his
                   Mother
                   spent
                   three
                   nights
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   caused
                   to
                   be
                   joyned
                   together
                   to
                   beget
                   him
                   ;
                   his
                   body
                   and
                   stature
                   was
                   answerable
                   
                   to
                   the
                   pains
                   and
                   power
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   reported
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   four
                   Cubits
                   and
                   a
                   foot
                   high
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   three
                   ranks
                   of
                   teeth
                   in
                   his
                   mouth
                   ;
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   eyes
                   sparkles
                   of
                   fire
                   and
                   light
                   did
                   sometimes
                   proceed
                   .
                   He
                   had
                   a
                   Sister
                   married
                   to
                   Polyphemus
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   by
                   Homer
                   in
                   his
                   Odyssea
                   ;
                   his
                   Brother
                   was
                   Iphiclus
                   ,
                   of
                   
                   whom
                   it
                   is
                   related
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   light
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   could
                   run
                   over
                   the
                   ears
                   of
                   standing
                   ●orn
                   ,
                   without
                   any
                   prejudice
                   to
                   them
                   .
                   When
                   Hercules
                   came
                   to
                   years
                   of
                   understanding
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   put
                   in
                   the
                   tuition
                   of
                   several
                   Masters
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   excel
                   in
                   many
                   Arts
                   and
                   Sciences
                   ,
                   to
                   learn
                   under
                   them
                   the
                   things
                   that
                   were
                   required
                   to
                   make
                   him
                   accomplished
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   taught
                   by
                   a
                   Shepherd
                   by
                   birth
                   a
                   Scythian
                   ,
                   named
                   Tentares
                   ,
                   to
                   handle
                   the
                   Spear
                   and
                   Dart
                   :
                   Lucius
                   ,
                   a
                   Son
                   of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   taught
                   him
                   the
                   Rudiments
                   of
                   Learning
                   ;
                   and
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   chastised
                   him
                   with
                   a
                   Rod
                   ,
                   Hercules
                   killed
                   him
                   when
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   Age
                   :
                   From
                   Eumolpus
                   he
                   learnt
                   the
                   Art
                   of
                   playing
                   upon
                   Instruments
                   of
                   Musick
                   :
                   Chiron
                   gave
                   him
                   an
                   insight
                   into
                   Astrology
                   ,
                   and
                   Harpolicus
                   made
                   him
                   understand
                   the
                   other
                   Sciences
                   that
                   were
                   necessary
                   to
                   accomplish
                   a
                   man
                   of
                   his
                   Birth
                   and
                   Valor
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   scarce
                   eighteen
                   years
                   of
                   Age
                   when
                   Eurystheus
                   imployed
                   him
                   in
                   most
                   difficult
                   Enterprises
                   .
                   The
                   first
                   was
                   when
                   he
                   killed
                   that
                   dreadful
                   Lyon
                   fallen
                   from
                   the
                   Moon
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   spoil
                   the
                   Country
                   round
                   about
                   the
                   Forrest
                   of
                   Nemea
                   ;
                   he
                   discharged
                   against
                   the
                   wild
                   Beast
                   all
                   his
                   Arrows
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   little
                   purpose
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   encountred
                   it
                   with
                   his
                   Club
                   only
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   but
                   
                   the
                   skin
                   was
                   so
                   tuff
                   and
                   hard
                   that
                   no
                   weapon
                   could
                   enter
                   it
                   ;
                   which
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   Hercules
                   perceived
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   caught
                   hold
                   of
                   the
                   raging
                   Lyon
                   ,
                   and
                   tore
                   him
                   in
                   pieces
                   with
                   his
                   hands
                   :
                   Ever
                   after
                   he
                   delighted
                   to
                   wear
                   the
                   skin
                   of
                   this
                   Lyon
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   his
                   imitation
                   all
                   Heroes
                   have
                   skins
                   of
                   Lyons
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   wild
                   beasts
                   ,
                   upon
                   their
                   Bucklers
                   .
                   The
                   Poets
                   speak
                   of
                   three
                   Lyons
                   killed
                   by
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   
                   of
                   Helicon
                   ,
                   of
                   Lesbos
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Nemea
                     .
                     Thespius
                  
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Boeotia
                   ,
                   soon
                   heard
                   of
                   his
                   valour
                   and
                   strength
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   sent
                   for
                   him
                   to
                   make
                   tryal
                   of
                   his
                   ability
                   .
                   This
                   King
                   had
                   fifty
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   and
                   never
                   a
                   Son
                   ;
                   he
                   imagined
                   that
                   it
                   might
                   be
                   a
                   great
                   support
                   to
                   him
                   to
                   have
                   Grand-children
                   by
                   them
                   of
                   extraordinary
                   qualities
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   intent
                   he
                   imploys
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   after
                   a
                   costly
                   banquet
                   ,
                   to
                   get
                   them
                   with-child
                   ;
                   and
                   it
                   is
                   reported
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   his
                   business
                   so
                   well
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   all
                   conceive
                   so
                   many
                   Sons
                   in
                   one
                   night
                   .
                   Creon
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   him
                   his
                   Daughter
                   in
                   reward
                   of
                   his
                   good
                   service
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   had
                   delivered
                   him
                   and
                   his
                   Country
                   from
                   all
                   subjection
                   to
                   Erginus
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   kill'd
                   ,
                   with
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   his
                   Army
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   consult
                   the
                   Oracle
                   ,
                   and
                   expiate
                   his
                   crimes
                   of
                   murdering
                   his
                   Wife
                   and
                   Children
                   :
                   The
                   Pythia
                   ,
                   the
                   Woman-Priest
                   of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   sirnamed
                   him
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   whereas
                   he
                   was
                   before
                   called
                   Alcides
                   .
                   They
                   say
                   that
                   Eurystheus
                   that
                   set
                   him
                   awork
                   was
                   so
                   jealous
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   that
                   at
                   last
                   he
                   would
                   never
                   suffer
                   him
                   to
                   enter
                   into
                   the
                   gates
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   but
                   by
                   Copreus
                   his
                   Herald
                   did
                   signifie
                   unto
                   him
                   his
                   pleasure
                   .
                   In
                   his
                   Travels
                   he
                   was
                   kindly
                   entertained
                   
                   by
                   several
                   persons
                   ,
                   especially
                   by
                   Pholu●
                   ,
                   who
                   brought
                   forth
                   unto
                   him
                   his
                   best
                   Wine
                   ,
                   and
                   greatest
                   dainties
                   ;
                   but
                   it
                   happened
                   ,
                   that
                   then
                   his
                   house
                   was
                   beset
                   by
                   the
                   Centaurs
                   ,
                   whom
                   Hercules
                   put
                   to
                   flight
                   ,
                   killing
                   great
                   numbers
                   of
                   them
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   cleansed
                   the
                   Stables
                   of
                   Augias
                   ,
                   but
                   being
                   deprived
                   of
                   the
                   reward
                   promised
                   by
                   this
                   ungrateful
                   King
                   ,
                   he
                   sack'd
                   his
                   Country
                   ,
                   and
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   spoils
                   he
                   erected
                   Trophies
                   of
                   his
                   Victory
                   ,
                   and
                   instituted
                   the
                   Olympick
                   Games
                   ,
                   ordering
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   celebrated
                   every
                   five
                   years
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   
                     Jupiter
                     .
                     Eurystheus
                  
                   sought
                   all
                   occasions
                   to
                   destroy
                   him
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   commanded
                   him
                   to
                   bring
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   Girdle
                   of
                   Hypolite
                   ,
                   Queen
                   of
                   the
                   Amazons
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   give
                   it
                   to
                   his
                   Daughter
                   Admeta
                   .
                   He
                   conquerrd
                   all
                   the
                   Country
                   of
                   the
                   Amazons
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   his
                   return
                   with
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   he
                   freed
                   Hesione
                   from
                   the
                   fury
                   of
                   the
                   Sea-Monster
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   she
                   was
                   exposed
                   by
                   her
                   Father
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   said
                   ,
                   but
                   this
                   Traytor
                   refusing
                   to
                   give
                   to
                   Hercules
                   the
                   recompence
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   promised
                   ,
                   lost
                   both
                   his
                   life
                   and
                   Kingdom
                   .
                   Hercules
                   after
                   these
                   exploits
                   punisht
                   Tmolus
                   and
                   Telegonus
                   ,
                   the
                   Sons
                   of
                   Proteus
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   did
                   inhumanely
                   kill
                   all
                   the
                   strangers
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   overcome
                   in
                   wrestling
                   ;
                   and
                   Sarpedon
                   ,
                   the
                   impious
                   Son
                   of
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   received
                   also
                   from
                   him
                   a
                   worthy
                   reward
                   of
                   his
                   former
                   cruelties
                   .
                   Hercules
                   performed
                   many
                   other
                   worthy
                   Acts
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   passed
                   through
                   
                     Lybia
                     ,
                     Egypt
                     ,
                     Palestine
                     ,
                     Cilicia
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Asia
                   minor
                   ,
                   destroying
                   all
                   eminent
                   Robbers
                   and
                   petty
                   Tyrants
                   ,
                   that
                   made
                   use
                   of
                   
                   their
                   power
                   to
                   oppress
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   mankind
                   .
                   Thus
                   he
                   put
                   to
                   death
                   Cygnus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   
                     Mars
                     ,
                     Zetes
                  
                   and
                   Calais
                   the
                   Sons
                   of
                   Boreas
                   ;
                   he
                   vanquished
                   the
                   cruel
                   people
                   ,
                   called
                   Cercopes
                   ,
                   that
                   dwelt
                   in
                   Asia
                   minor
                   ;
                   he
                   destroyed
                   the
                   Gyants
                   that
                   marched
                   against
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   proceeded
                   from
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   the
                   Lyon
                   of
                   Nemea
                   ;
                   and
                   many
                   other
                   Monsters
                   of
                   cruelty
                   he
                   humbled
                   in
                   the
                   dust
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   III.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   Theseus
                   .
                
                 
                   THeseus
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Aegeus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Athens
                   ,
                   who
                   gave
                   his
                   name
                   to
                   the
                   Aegean
                   Sea
                   :
                   He
                   did
                   live
                   in
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   nearly
                   related
                   to
                   him
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   often
                   a
                   Companion
                   of
                   his
                   Adventures
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   perfect
                   follower
                   of
                   his
                   generosity
                   ,
                   after
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   escaped
                   from
                   the
                   snares
                   of
                   his
                   Mother-in-law
                   Medea
                   ,
                   who
                   with
                   a
                   Cup
                   of
                   Poyson
                   intended
                   to
                   deprive
                   him
                   of
                   the
                   succession
                   to
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Princes
                   and
                   great
                   Lords
                   of
                   that
                   time
                   were
                   Robbers
                   ,
                   who
                   made
                   their
                   greatness
                   consist
                   in
                   a
                   Tyrannical
                   Dominion
                   over
                   their
                   miserable
                   Subjects
                   ,
                   and
                   over
                   all
                   those
                   that
                   were
                   so
                   unhappy
                   as
                   to
                   fall
                   into
                   their
                   hands
                   .
                   Phalaris
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   them
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   wont
                   to
                   shut
                   men
                   alive
                   into
                   the
                   body
                   of
                   a
                   Brazen
                   Bull
                   hollow
                   within
                   ,
                   causing
                   fire
                   to
                   be
                   put
                   under
                   it
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   
                   might
                   oblige
                   them
                   to
                   send
                   forth
                   groans
                   and
                   cryes
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   throat
                   of
                   this
                   Instrument
                   of
                   his
                   cruelty
                   :
                   In
                   the
                   mean
                   while
                   he
                   did
                   take
                   a
                   singular
                   delight
                   to
                   hear
                   the
                   Bull
                   bellow
                   thus
                   .
                
                 
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   that
                   wanted
                   neither
                   courage
                   nor
                   goodness
                   ,
                   resolved
                   to
                   give
                   a
                   check
                   to
                   the
                   insolency
                   of
                   all
                   these
                   Tyrants
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   treat
                   them
                   as
                   they
                   had
                   treated
                   others
                   before
                   .
                   First
                   he
                   marched
                   against
                   one
                   Scirron
                   ,
                   who
                   took
                   pleasure
                   in
                   drowning
                   all
                   Passengers
                   in
                   the
                   Sea.
                   Thus
                   he
                   punished
                   Procustes
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   wont
                   to
                   cut
                   in
                   pieces
                   all
                   those
                   that
                   came
                   into
                   his
                   hands
                   :
                   Sometimes
                   he
                   did
                   cut
                   off
                   their
                   Legs
                   even
                   with
                   the
                   Bed
                   where
                   he
                   did
                   lye
                   .
                
                 
                   Thus
                   he
                   encountred
                   with
                   all
                   the
                   Monsters
                   that
                   came
                   into
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   as
                   with
                   the
                   Bull
                   of
                   Marathon
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   of
                   a
                   prodigious
                   bigness
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   with
                   the
                   Boar
                   of
                   Calydonia
                   that
                   Meleager
                   had
                   undertaken
                   ,
                   but
                   could
                   not
                   overcome
                   him
                   without
                   the
                   help
                   of
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   riseth
                   the
                   Proverb
                   ,
                   
                     Non
                     sine
                     Theseo
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   most
                   famous
                   and
                   notable
                   of
                   all
                   his
                   exploits
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   victory
                   that
                   he
                   obtained
                   of
                   the
                   Minotaurus
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   half
                   a
                   man
                   and
                   half
                   a
                   Bull
                   ,
                   whose
                   birth
                   we
                   have
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   Book
                   ,
                   speaking
                   of
                   Pasiphae
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Minos
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   this
                   Monster
                   ,
                   begot
                   by
                   a
                   Bull
                   on
                   her
                   body
                   .
                   And
                   that
                   we
                   may
                   know
                   how
                   Theseus
                   was
                   engaged
                   in
                   this
                   business
                   ,
                   we
                   must
                   understand
                   ,
                   that
                   King
                   Minos
                   did
                   make
                   War
                   upon
                   the
                   people
                   
                   of
                   Attica
                   ,
                   to
                   revenge
                   the
                   Death
                   of
                   his
                   Son
                   Androgeus
                   ,
                   massacred
                   by
                   them
                   in
                   a
                   treacherous
                   manner
                   .
                   In
                   this
                   War
                   he
                   took
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Megara
                   ,
                   and
                   overcame
                   the
                   Athenians
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   obliged
                   them
                   to
                   send
                   unto
                   him
                   as
                   a
                   Tribute
                   every
                   year
                   ,
                   a
                   certain
                   number
                   of
                   young
                   men
                   whom
                   he
                   did
                   give
                   to
                   this
                   Minotaurus
                   to
                   be
                   devoured
                   by
                   him
                   .
                   Theseus
                   requested
                   to
                   be
                   sent
                   amongst
                   the
                   other
                   young
                   men
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   destroy
                   this
                   Monster
                   that
                   had
                   devoured
                   already
                   so
                   much
                   of
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   his
                   Citizens
                   .
                   The
                   Labyrinth
                   was
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   this
                   Minotaurus
                   was
                   kept
                   .
                   This
                   Edifice
                   had
                   been
                   built
                   by
                   Dedalus
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   were
                   in
                   it
                   so
                   many
                   windings
                   and
                   turnings
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   a
                   difficult
                   matter
                   for
                   one
                   within
                   to
                   find
                   the
                   way
                   out
                   again
                   .
                   Theseus
                   wisely
                   gave
                   order
                   to
                   this
                   inconveniency
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   won
                   the
                   good
                   liking
                   of
                   Ariadone
                   the
                   Kings
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   delivered
                   to
                   him
                   a
                   Thred
                   ,
                   by
                   its
                   assistance
                   he
                   fo
                   nd
                   a
                   way
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Labyrinth
                   ,
                   after
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   killed
                   the
                   Minotaur
                   in
                   it
                   .
                   Ariadne
                   he
                   took
                   with
                   him
                   ,
                   promising
                   unto
                   her
                   wonderful
                   advantages
                   in
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   of
                   Athens
                   .
                   Nevertheless
                   he
                   left
                   her
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Naxos
                   ,
                   to
                   comply
                   with
                   the
                   desires
                   of
                   the
                   God
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                   who
                   wished
                   to
                   have
                   her
                   in
                   Marriage
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   he
                   presented
                   her
                   with
                   a
                   Crown
                   ,
                   that
                   hath
                   been
                   since
                   placed
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Ship
                   in
                   which
                   Theseus
                   was
                   carried
                   into
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Crete
                   ,
                   had
                   no
                   other
                   sails
                   
                   but
                   Black
                   and
                   Mourning
                   :
                   But
                   he
                   had
                   promised
                   to
                   his
                   Father
                   Aegeus
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   case
                   he
                   obtained
                   the
                   Victory
                   ,
                   he
                   would
                   come
                   home
                   with
                   White
                   Sails
                   ;
                   which
                   the
                   excess
                   of
                   joy
                   proceeding
                   from
                   the
                   consideration
                   of
                   his
                   happy
                   return
                   from
                   so
                   imminent
                   a
                   danger
                   ,
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   forget
                   :
                   Therefore
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   always
                   expecting
                   with
                   much
                   impatience
                   his
                   coming
                   back
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   saw
                   the
                   black
                   sails
                   ,
                   the
                   signs
                   of
                   sadness
                   and
                   of
                   sorrow
                   approaching
                   with
                   the
                   Ship
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   taken
                   with
                   so
                   piercing
                   a
                   grief
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   cast
                   himself
                   headlong
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   moment
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   was
                   drowned
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Ship
                   was
                   afterwards
                   kept
                   by
                   the
                   Athenians
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Remembrancer
                   or
                   Monument
                   of
                   the
                   happy
                   Victory
                   that
                   had
                   freed
                   them
                   from
                   so
                   much
                   misery
                   and
                   apprehension
                   .
                   They
                   did
                   therefore
                   repair
                   i●
                   ,
                   when
                   any
                   part
                   of
                   it
                   was
                   decayed
                   by
                   long
                   standing
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   nail
                   unto
                   it
                   new
                   Planks
                   ,
                   in
                   lieu
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   Time
                   did
                   consume
                   and
                   ●ot
                   .
                   This
                   Ship
                   ,
                   saith
                   Plutarchus
                   ,
                   was
                   always
                   a
                   President
                   in
                   the
                   disputes
                   of
                   Philosophy
                   in
                   the
                   Schools
                   ,
                   brought
                   to
                   express
                   the
                   means
                   that
                   Nature
                   imploys
                   to
                   preserve
                   the
                   Elemental
                   Bodies
                   ,
                   and
                   particularly
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   maintained
                   by
                   nourishment
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   Piritho●s
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Lapithes
                   ,
                   a
                   people
                   of
                   Thessaly
                   ,
                   desired
                   to
                   see
                   so
                   famous
                   a
                   Person
                   ;
                   therefore
                   to
                   obtain
                   his
                   desire
                   ,
                   he
                   began
                   to
                   spoil
                   the
                   borders
                   of
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   to
                   oblige
                   him
                   to
                   come
                   to
                   defend
                   himself
                   .
                   
                   When
                   both
                   met
                   together
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   so
                   much
                   taken
                   with
                   the
                   beautiful
                   countenance
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   courage
                   and
                   generous
                   behaviour
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   swear
                   to
                   be
                   for
                   ever
                   Friends
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   lend
                   a
                   mutual
                   assistance
                   in
                   all
                   difficult
                   affairs
                   .
                
                 
                   Immediately
                   after
                   ,
                   Pirithoüs
                   being
                   ●ssisted
                   by
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   did
                   punish
                   severely
                   the
                   Centaurs
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   invited
                   them
                   to
                   the
                   Feastival
                   that
                   was
                   kept
                   at
                   his
                   Marriage
                   with
                   Hippodamia
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   had
                   most
                   insolently
                   affronted
                   his
                   people
                   the
                   Lapithes
                   ,
                   and
                   massacred
                   multitudes
                   of
                   them
                   .
                   Now
                   the
                   Centaurs
                   were
                   the
                   first
                   people
                   that
                   had
                   found
                   out
                   the
                   art
                   of
                   riding
                   upon
                   Horses
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   that
                   cause
                   they
                   were
                   esteemed
                   half
                   Men
                   ,
                   and
                   half
                   Horses
                   ,
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   met
                   them
                   on
                   Horse-back
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   comes
                   their
                   name
                   
                     H
                     ppocentauri
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   Another
                   effect
                   of
                   the
                   alliance
                   between
                   Pirithoüs
                   and
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   Rape
                   of
                   the
                   fair
                   Helena
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   we
                   shall
                   speak
                   hereafter
                   .
                   Theseus
                   also
                   accompanied
                   him
                   to
                   Hell
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   fetch
                   from
                   thence
                   Proserpina
                   that
                   he
                   loved
                   entirely
                   :
                   But
                   this
                   enterprise
                   succeeded
                   not
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   expectation
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   were
                   stopt
                   by
                   Pluto
                   .
                   Some
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   Pirithoüs
                   was
                   condemned
                   to
                   the
                   torments
                   of
                   Ixion
                   ;
                   but
                   Theseus
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   rest
                   himself
                   after
                   the
                   grievous
                   labors
                   and
                   pains
                   whom
                   he
                   had
                   endured
                   in
                   this
                   expedition
                   upon
                   a
                   great
                   stone
                   ,
                   from
                   which
                   he
                   could
                   never
                   after
                   rise
                   ,
                   nor
                   move
                   himself
                   ,
                   until
                   Hercules
                   went
                   down
                   to
                   Hell
                   to
                   fetch
                   the
                   great
                   Dog
                   
                   
                   Cerberus
                   .
                   He
                   did
                   stick
                   so
                   close
                   to
                   this
                   great
                   stone
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   left
                   upon
                   it
                   his
                   skin
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   pluckt
                   from
                   thence
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   returned
                   again
                   into
                   Hell
                   ,
                   after
                   his
                   decease
                   ,
                   Pluto
                   condemned
                   him
                   to
                   the
                   same
                   place
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   so
                   bold
                   as
                   to
                   undertake
                   to
                   ravish
                   and
                   carry
                   away
                   his
                   Queen
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   have
                   already
                   declared
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   Chapter
                   how
                   he
                   married
                   Hippolyte
                   ,
                   Queen
                   of
                   the
                   Amazons
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   Son
                   that
                   did
                   bear
                   the
                   Name
                   of
                   his
                   Mother
                   ,
                   called
                   by
                   some
                   Antiopea
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   espoused
                   Phedra
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Daughters
                   of
                   Minos
                   .
                   She
                   grew
                   amorous
                   of
                   this
                   Hippolytus
                   her
                   Son-in-law
                   ;
                   
                   but
                   when
                   she
                   could
                   not
                   gain
                   him
                   by
                   prayers
                   ,
                   she
                   accused
                   him
                   to
                   Theseus
                   most
                   maliciously
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   he
                   had
                   offered
                   to
                   dishonour
                   her
                   .
                   Theseus
                   gave
                   credit
                   to
                   her
                   Calumny
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   banisht
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   house
                   the
                   poor
                   young
                   Prince
                   ,
                   desiring
                   the
                   God
                   Neptunus
                   to
                   punish
                   him
                   for
                   this
                   conceived
                   Crime
                   .
                
                 
                   Hippolytus
                   fled
                   from
                   the
                   rage
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   upon
                   a
                   Chariot
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   passing
                   by
                   the
                   Sea-side
                   ,
                   he
                   met
                   with
                   a
                   Sea-Monster
                   that
                   frighted
                   his
                   Horses
                   ,
                   cast
                   him
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   kill'd
                   him
                   in
                   a
                   miserable
                   manner
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   was
                   drag'd
                   over
                   the
                   Rocks
                   and
                   stones
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   body
                   torn
                   in
                   pieces
                   by
                   these
                   fearful
                   and
                   furious
                   Horses
                   .
                   Phedra
                   was
                   mightily
                   grieved
                   at
                   this
                   mischance
                   ;
                   being
                   therefore
                   pressed
                   with
                   a
                   remorse
                   of
                   conscience
                   ,
                   she
                   discovered
                   all
                   the
                   truth
                   of
                   Hippolytus
                   his
                   
                   Innocency
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   her
                   own
                   malice
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   stob'd
                   her self
                   before
                   him
                   ,
                   leaving
                   unto
                   Theseus
                   the
                   displeasure
                   of
                   having
                   been
                   too
                   credulous
                   .
                   But
                   since
                   Esculapius
                   being
                   moved
                   with
                   compassion
                   for
                   Hippolytus
                   ,
                   he
                   restored
                   him
                   to
                   life
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Theseus
                   was
                   a
                   wise
                   and
                   valiant
                   King
                   of
                   Athens
                   ,
                   that
                   perswaded
                   the
                   people
                   dispersed
                   in
                   the
                   Country
                   to
                   live
                   together
                   in
                   Cities
                   .
                   He
                   established
                   wholesome
                   Laws
                   in
                   his
                   Dominions
                   ,
                   and
                   destroyed
                   many
                   Tyrants
                   and
                   Thieves
                   that
                   did
                   trouble
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   
                     Cercyon
                     ,
                     Polypemon
                     ,
                     Periphetes
                  
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   He
                   was
                   said
                   to
                   he
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   an
                   encourager
                   of
                   Trade
                   and
                   Navigation
                   .
                   Minos
                   did
                   question
                   him
                   about
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   proved
                   what
                   he
                   was
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   the
                   King
                   cast
                   a
                   Ring
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   he
                   dived
                   to
                   the
                   bottom
                   ,
                   and
                   fetcht
                   it
                   up
                   with
                   a
                   Crown
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   which
                   Thetis
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   was
                   afterwards
                   given
                   to
                   Ariadne
                   ;
                   but
                   after
                   her
                   death
                   it
                   was
                   placed
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   Sons
                   were
                   
                     Hippolytus
                     ,
                     Acamas
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   D●mophon
                   :
                   When
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   be
                   old
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   kill'd
                   by
                   King
                   Lycomedes
                   in
                   a
                   cruel
                   battel
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   He
                   Reigned
                   about
                   the
                   year
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   2700.
                   in
                   the
                   daies
                   of
                   Gedeon
                   ,
                   a
                   Judge
                   of
                   Israel
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   computation
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   Chronology
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   IV.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   stories
                   of
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   common
                   Opinion
                   of
                   the
                   Poets
                   is
                   ,
                   that
                   Leda
                   ,
                   the
                   Queen
                   of
                   Tyndarus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Oebalia
                   ,
                   having
                   had
                   familiar
                   acquaintance
                   with
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   she
                   brought
                   forth
                   two
                   big
                   Eggs
                   :
                   Out
                   of
                   one
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   
                   she
                   had
                   Pollux
                   and
                   Helena
                   ;
                   and
                   from
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   of
                   Tyndarus
                   ,
                   were
                   born
                   Castor
                   and
                   Clytemnestra
                   .
                   They
                   were
                   nevertheless
                   all
                   named
                   Tyndarides
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   were
                   all
                   the
                   Children
                   of
                   one
                   Mother
                   that
                   was
                   Wife
                   of
                   Tyndarus
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   two
                   Brothers
                   ,
                   Caster
                   and
                   Pollux
                   ,
                   did
                   love
                   one
                   another
                   entirely
                   ,
                   insomuch
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   inseparable
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   always
                   performed
                   their
                   undertakings
                   together
                   ;
                   but
                   only
                   Pollux
                   was
                   immortal
                   by
                   the
                   priviledges
                   of
                   his
                   Birth
                   ;
                   therefore
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   tender
                   affection
                   for
                   his
                   Brother
                   ,
                   he
                   perswaded
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   a
                   great
                   kindness
                   for
                   him
                   ,
                   to
                   admit
                   also
                   the
                   other
                   into
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   the
                   Greeks
                   called
                   them
                   Dios●●uroi
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   Children
                   of
                   
                     Jupiter
                     ▪
                  
                   And
                   Jupiter
                   at
                   last
                   caused
                   Castor
                   to
                   partake
                   with
                   Pollux
                   of
                   his
                   Immortality
                   ,
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   as
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   to
                   live
                   successively
                   one
                   after
                   another
                   ,
                   until
                   the
                   time
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   both
                   transported
                   amongst
                   the
                   signs
                   of
                   the
                   Zodiack
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   represent
                   the
                   Constellation
                   called
                   Gemini
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   But
                   they
                   did
                   not
                   attain
                   unto
                   this
                   great
                   Honour
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   had
                   deserved
                   it
                   by
                   a
                   many
                   glorious
                   actions
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   forced
                   Theseus
                   to
                   restore
                   their
                   Sister
                   Helena
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   taken
                   ;
                   they
                   cleared
                   the
                   Coast
                   of
                   all
                   Pyrats
                   at
                   Sea
                   that
                   interrupted
                   the
                   Trade
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   have
                   been
                   adored
                   amongst
                   the
                   Divinities
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   and
                   been
                   put
                   in
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   were
                   sirnamed
                   Apotropaei
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   protect
                   them
                   from
                   evil
                   .
                   For
                   this
                   cause
                   the
                   Heathens
                   did
                   sacrifice
                   unto
                   them
                   white
                   Lambs
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Romans
                   had
                   a
                   particular
                   respect
                   for
                   them
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   assistance
                   that
                   they
                   had
                   received
                   from
                   them
                   in
                   a
                   Battel
                   against
                   the
                   Latin
                   people
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   Lake
                   Rhegilus
                   :
                   Therefore
                   they
                   did
                   erect
                   to
                   them
                   a
                   very
                   stately
                   Temple
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   swear
                   commonly
                   by
                   their
                   Names
                   :
                   The
                   Oath
                   of
                   the
                   Women
                   was
                   Aecastor
                   ,
                   as
                   that
                   of
                   men
                   was
                   Hercule
                   and
                   Aed●pol
                   ;
                   that
                   is
                   by
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Castor
                   or
                   Pollux
                   ,
                   for
                   Aedes
                   signifies
                   a
                   Temple
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   are
                   reckoned
                   amongst
                   the
                   famous
                   men
                   that
                   have
                   deserved
                   an
                   immortal
                   name
                   by
                   their
                   valour
                   and
                   generosity
                   .
                   They
                   accompanied
                   Jason
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Argonauts
                   ,
                   in
                   their
                   expedition
                   ,
                   to
                   fetch
                   back
                   again
                   the
                   Golden
                   Fleece
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   these
                   two
                   Brethren
                   did
                   sufficiently
                   declare
                   their
                   courage
                   and
                   skill
                   in
                   Arms
                   ,
                   Pollux
                   especially
                   :
                   He
                   undertook
                   to
                   correct
                   the
                   temerity
                   of
                   Amycus
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   offered
                   to
                   challenge
                   one
                   of
                   their
                   company
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Ship
                   to
                   
                   fight
                   with
                   him
                   at
                   handy
                   blows
                   .
                   Pollux
                   went
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   soon
                   laid
                   him
                   dead
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   .
                   In
                   this
                   voyage
                   ,
                   when
                   a
                   dangerous
                   Tempest
                   had
                   overtaken
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   saw
                   two
                   flames
                   of
                   fire
                   lighting
                   upon
                   the
                   head
                   of
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   the
                   happy
                   Omens
                   or
                   forerunners
                   of
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   their
                   fears
                   and
                   danger
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   Marriners
                   take
                   notice
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   two
                   fires
                   appear
                   together
                   at
                   Sea
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   to
                   expect
                   happiness
                   in
                   their
                   undertakings
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   notable
                   calm
                   ;
                   whereas
                   if
                   there
                   be
                   but
                   one
                   ,
                   they
                   prepare
                   themselves
                   for
                   a
                   grievous
                   storm
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   these
                   two
                   lights
                   ,
                   that
                   are
                   Meteors
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   dry
                   exhalations
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   inflamed
                   in
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   are
                   called
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   one
                   is
                   seen
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   called
                   Helena
                   ,
                   as
                   dangerous
                   to
                   Seamen
                   as
                   she
                   was
                   to
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   After
                   the
                   return
                   of
                   the
                   Argonauts
                   ,
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   had
                   war
                   with
                   the
                   Athenians
                   ,
                   because
                   Theseus
                   their
                   King
                   had
                   ravished
                   their
                   
                   fair
                   Sister
                   Helena
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   they
                   had
                   taken
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Cities
                   of
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   it
                   their
                   Sister
                   ,
                   they
                   dealt
                   kindly
                   with
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   ,
                   and
                   carried
                   none
                   away
                   but
                   Aethra
                   ,
                   Mother
                   of
                   Theseus
                   :
                   Therefore
                   the
                   Greeks
                   call
                   all
                   Saviours
                   and
                   favourable
                   Princes
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                
                 
                   They
                   undertook
                   next
                   a
                   War
                   with
                   Lynceus
                   and
                   Ida
                   ,
                   the
                   valiant
                   Sons
                   of
                   Alphareus
                   ,
                   in
                   favour
                   of
                   their
                   Mistresses
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   espoused
                   to
                   them
                   formerly
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   encounter
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   Castor
                   was
                   unhappily
                   kill'd
                   by
                   Lynceus
                   ,
                   and
                   Pollux
                   dangerously
                   wounded
                   by
                   Ida
                   ;
                   but
                   Jupiter
                   revenged
                   his
                   Sons
                   quarrel
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   struck
                   
                   Ida
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   with
                   his
                   Thunderbolts
                   .
                   Pollux
                   ,
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   his
                   Brother
                   ,
                   invented
                   a
                   Dance
                   that
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   performed
                   by
                   young
                   men
                   well
                   armed
                   ,
                   named
                   Castors
                   Dance
                   .
                   Now
                   this
                   Lynceus
                   is
                   reported
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   a
                   man
                   of
                   a
                   very
                   quick
                   sight
                   :
                   The
                   Poets
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   able
                   to
                   perceive
                   any
                   thing
                   through
                   a
                   solid
                   substance
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   see
                   into
                   the
                   bosom
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ;
                   because
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   do
                   think
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   first
                   that
                   sent
                   men
                   to
                   groap
                   there
                   for
                   gold
                   and
                   silver
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Romans
                   did
                   mightily
                   esteem
                   these
                   Gods
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   appeared
                   to
                   assist
                   them
                   in
                   their
                   need
                   :
                   And
                   the
                   Lacedemonians
                   gave
                   unto
                   them
                   the
                   Title
                   of
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   .
                   The
                   Locrenses
                   did
                   also
                   see
                   them
                   leading
                   their
                   Army
                   against
                   the
                   Crotoniats
                   ,
                   with
                   Caps
                   on
                   their
                   heads
                   ,
                   and
                   Lances
                   in
                   their
                   hands
                   ,
                   upon
                   two
                   white
                   Horses
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   it
                   is
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   thus
                   represented
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   Romans
                   have
                   affected
                   a
                   Cap
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   badge
                   of
                   liberty
                   .
                   When
                   Tarquinius
                   was
                   expell'd
                   ,
                   they
                   coyned
                   pieces
                   of
                   silver
                   ,
                   with
                   two
                   cross
                   Lances
                   ,
                   bearing
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   them
                   Caps
                   ,
                   in
                   token
                   of
                   freedom
                   from
                   bondage
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Heavens
                   ,
                   hesides
                   these
                   forenamed
                   Meteors
                   ,
                   there
                   are
                   two
                   stars
                   in
                   the
                   Head
                   of
                   Gemini
                   ,
                   called
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   by
                   
                     Homerus
                     Odyss
                     .
                     11.
                  
                   
                   
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                    
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   V.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   Orpheus
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Poets
                   do
                   relate
                   wonderful
                   stories
                   of
                   several
                   Musitians
                   of
                   the
                   first
                   Ages
                   ;
                   as
                   of
                   Amphion
                   ,
                   who
                   built
                   the
                   walls
                   of
                   Thebs
                   only
                   with
                   the
                   pleasant
                   harmony
                   of
                   his
                   Musical
                   Instruments
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   sweetness
                   of
                   the
                   Tunes
                   caused
                   the
                   stones
                   to
                   move
                   ,
                   and
                   place
                   themselves
                   in
                   good
                   order
                   .
                
                 
                   Arion
                   was
                   also
                   admired
                   for
                   his
                   skill
                   in
                   Musick
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   may
                   take
                   notice
                   in
                   this
                   occasion
                   ;
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   sailing
                   from
                   Italy
                   into
                   Greece
                   ,
                   the
                   Seamen
                   resolved
                   amongst
                   themselves
                   to
                   cut
                   his
                   throat
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   have
                   his
                   Purse
                   :
                   But
                   he
                   requested
                   of
                   them
                   the
                   favour
                   to
                   suffer
                   him
                   to
                   play
                   once
                   more
                   with
                   his
                   Harp
                   before
                   they
                   did
                   dispatch
                   him
                   .
                   It
                   happened
                   that
                   he
                   made
                   such
                   excellent
                   Musick
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Dolphins
                   ravisht
                   to
                   hear
                   him
                   ,
                   came
                   
                   in
                   companies
                   about
                   the
                   Ship
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   beheld
                   them
                   ,
                   he
                   cast
                   himself
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   hoping
                   to
                   meet
                   there
                   with
                   more
                   humanity
                   than
                   amongst
                   the
                   cruel
                   Marriners
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   not
                   deceived
                   of
                   his
                   expectation
                   ,
                   for
                   one
                   of
                   these
                   Dolphins
                   ,
                   taking
                   him
                   upon
                   his
                   back
                   ,
                   carried
                   
                   him
                   to
                   Corinth
                   ,
                   where
                   King
                   Periander
                   received
                   him
                   with
                   kindness
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   these
                   inhumane
                   Sailers
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   to
                   punish
                   them
                   for
                   their
                   intended
                   crime
                   .
                   This
                   Dolphin
                   was
                   rewarded
                   by
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   place
                   amongst
                   
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   good
                   office
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   done
                   to
                   this
                   poor
                   Musitian
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   shall
                   not
                   mention
                   the
                   Satyr
                   Marsias
                   ,
                   who
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   more
                   skill
                   in
                   Musick
                   than
                   the
                   common
                   sort
                   of
                   people
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   transported
                   with
                   vanity
                   and
                   presumption
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   compare
                   himself
                   with
                   Apollo
                   .
                   This
                   God
                   was
                   so
                   displeased
                   with
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   overcome
                   him
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   judgment
                   of
                   the
                   Muses
                   ,
                   he
                   flead
                   him
                   alive
                   ,
                   to
                   punish
                   his
                   temerity
                   ;
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   said
                   in
                   the
                   story
                   of
                   Apollo
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   happened
                   also
                   a
                   like
                   controversie
                   between
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   and
                   Pan
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Mountains
                   and
                   Shepherds
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   knew
                   pretty
                   well
                   how
                   to
                   play
                   upon
                   the
                   Pipe
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   these
                   Country
                   Clowns
                   did
                   cry
                   him
                   up
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   expert
                   Musitian
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   so
                   audacious
                   as
                   to
                   dispute
                   this
                   Honour
                   with
                   
                     Apollo
                     .
                     Midas
                  
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Phrygia
                   ,
                   a
                   simple
                   fellow
                   ,
                   
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Judges
                   in
                   this
                   Controversie
                   ,
                   gave
                   a
                   sentence
                   in
                   favour
                   of
                   Pan
                   ;
                   therefore
                   Apollo
                   caused
                   Asses
                   ears
                   to
                   grow
                   in
                   his
                   head
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   appear
                   what
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   the
                   World.
                   This
                   same
                   Prince
                   entreated
                   Silenus
                   to
                   grant
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   favour
                   ,
                   in
                   reward
                   of
                   a
                   considerable
                   service
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   done
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   all
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   touch
                   ,
                   should
                   turn
                   immediately
                   into
                   Gold.
                   He
                   soon
                   repented
                   of
                   his
                   rash
                   desire
                   ,
                   when
                   all
                   his
                   victuals
                   and
                   food
                   became
                   gold
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   all
                   his
                   Gold
                   he
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   starve
                   for
                   hunger
                   and
                   want
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   And
                   that
                   we
                   may
                   not
                   make
                   any
                   longer
                   discourse
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   have
                   excelled
                   in
                   Musick
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   common
                   Opinion
                   ,
                   that
                   Orpheus
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   not
                   only
                   a
                   Poet
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   a
                   Philosopher
                   ,
                   hath
                   carried
                   away
                   the
                   Palm
                   from
                   
                   all
                   the
                   rest
                   .
                   We
                   need
                   not
                   wonder
                   at
                   it
                   ,
                   seeing
                   he
                   was
                   born
                   of
                   such
                   Learned
                   Parents
                   ,
                   of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Muse
                   Calliope
                   :
                   Of
                   him
                   it
                   is
                   reported
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   cause
                   his
                   voice
                   to
                   agree
                   so
                   admirably
                   well
                   with
                   his
                   Lute
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Rivers
                   did
                   stop
                   to
                   listen
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Storms
                   and
                   Tempests
                   did
                   cease
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   most
                   Savage
                   Animals
                   did
                   come
                   to
                   him
                   in
                   companies
                   to
                   recreate
                   themselves
                   with
                   his
                   excellent
                   harmony
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   Trees
                   and
                   Rocks
                   were
                   seen
                   to
                   move
                   at
                   the
                   sound
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   performed
                   something
                   more
                   than
                   this
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   he
                   lost
                   by
                   death
                   his
                   Wife
                   Eurydice
                   ,
                   who
                   flying
                   from
                   the
                   amorous
                   imbraces
                   of
                   Aristeus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Arcadia
                   ,
                   died
                   suddenly
                   of
                   a
                   Wound
                   received
                   by
                   a
                   Serpent
                   .
                   He
                   went
                   after
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   Gates
                   of
                   Hell
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   played
                   with
                   that
                   dexterity
                   upon
                   his
                   Instruments
                   of
                   Musick
                   ,
                   that
                   
                     Pluto
                     ,
                     Proserpina
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   the
                   Infernal
                   Inhabitants
                   ,
                   were
                   ravisht
                   in
                   admiration
                   .
                   He
                   prevailed
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   so
                   much
                   upon
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   granted
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   favour
                   to
                   carry
                   with
                   him
                   his
                   Wife
                   back
                   again
                   ,
                   to
                   live
                   longer
                   upon
                   Earth
                   ,
                   upon
                   condition
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   his
                   return
                   he
                   would
                   not
                   look
                   back
                   upon
                   her
                   ,
                   until
                   he
                   was
                   ascended
                   into
                   the
                   light
                   ;
                   which
                   condition
                   his
                   impatient
                   love
                   for
                   her
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   break
                   ,
                   by
                   casting
                   
                   his
                   eyes
                   behind
                   him
                   ;
                   which
                   when
                   her
                   Guard
                   had
                   perceived
                   ,
                   they
                   drag'd
                   her
                   back
                   into
                   Hell
                   ,
                   and
                   left
                   him
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   trouble
                   of
                   mind
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   resolved
                   for
                   her
                   sake
                   to
                   never
                   
                   entertain
                   any
                   affection
                   for
                   a
                   Woman
                   ;
                   and
                   to
                   disswade
                   all
                   his
                   acquaintance
                   from
                   their
                   love
                   and
                   union
                   ,
                   which
                   proceeding
                   of
                   his
                   ,
                   did
                   
                   scandalize
                   and
                   displease
                   so
                   much
                   the
                   Dames
                   of
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   their
                   furious
                   transports
                   at
                   the
                   Feastival
                   of
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                   they
                   tore
                   him
                   in
                   pieces
                   .
                   But
                   afterwards
                   he
                   was
                   metamorphosed
                   into
                   a
                   Swan
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Harp
                   was
                   placed
                   amongst
                   the
                   Stars
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Swan
                   is
                   said
                   to
                   sing
                   admirably
                   well
                   when
                   unto
                   death
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   Ancients
                   do
                   relate
                   incredible
                   things
                   of
                   Dolphins
                   ,
                   besides
                   this
                   famous
                   one
                   that
                   carried
                   Arion
                   safe
                   to
                   Land
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   the
                   inhumane
                   Marriners
                   .
                   They
                   tell
                   us
                   of
                   others
                   that
                   have
                   performed
                   kind
                   offices
                   to
                   mankind
                   :
                   Hesiod
                   ,
                   the
                   first
                   famous
                   Writer
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   massacred
                   in
                   Neptunes
                   Temple
                   in
                   Nemea
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   was
                   by
                   the
                   Dolphins
                   brought
                   carefully
                   to
                   shoar
                   again
                   .
                   A
                   young
                   man
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Mistress
                   ,
                   falling
                   by
                   chance
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   were
                   saved
                   near
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Lesbos
                   by
                   Dolphins
                   ,
                   and
                   carried
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   waves
                   to
                   Land.
                   And
                   Telemachus
                   ,
                   
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Ulysses
                   ,
                   was
                   also
                   preserved
                   in
                   the
                   Sea
                   by
                   Dolphins
                   ;
                   therefore
                   his
                   Father
                   did
                   bear
                   a
                   Dolphin
                   in
                   his
                   Buckler
                   ,
                   in
                   remembrance
                   of
                   that
                   kindness
                   shewed
                   to
                   his
                   blood
                   
                   by
                   that
                   Fish
                   .
                   All
                   the
                   Heathens
                   bad
                   a
                   particular
                   respect
                   for
                   this
                   creature
                   ;
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   would
                   not
                   suffer
                   any
                   injury
                   to
                   be
                   offered
                   unto
                   them
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   are
                   so
                   favourable
                   to
                   mankind
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   remote
                   Countries
                   of
                   the
                   North
                   ,
                   Munsterus
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   Fish
                   called
                   Raia
                   ,
                   longer
                   than
                   a
                   Dolphin
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   less
                   kind
                   to
                   mankind
                   :
                   When
                   they
                   meet
                   with
                   any
                   whose
                   misfortune
                   it
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   cast
                   away
                   ,
                   these
                   great
                   fishes
                   do
                   receive
                   and
                   lodge
                   them
                   in
                   their
                   jaws
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   thus
                   carry
                   them
                   safe
                   to
                   shoar
                   .
                   He
                   insinuates
                   there
                   that
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   Opinion
                   of
                   some
                   who
                   imagine
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   was
                   that
                   kind
                   of
                   Fish
                   ,
                   or
                   Whale
                   ,
                   that
                   waited
                   for
                   Jonas
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   cast
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   carried
                   him
                   safe
                   to
                   Land.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   Marsyas
                   ,
                   a
                   Phrygian
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   Inventer
                   of
                   the
                   Pipe
                   ,
                   a
                   Musical
                   Instrument
                   :
                   Some
                   say
                   that
                   Minerva
                   was
                   the
                   first
                   that
                   plaid
                   with
                   it
                   in
                   a
                   banquet
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   because
                   of
                   her
                   grey
                   eyes
                   when
                   her
                   cheeks
                   were
                   swell'd
                   ,
                   she
                   did
                   appear
                   ridiculous
                   to
                   the
                   company
                   ,
                   especially
                   to
                   Juno
                   and
                   Venus
                   ,
                   who
                   laught
                   at
                   her
                   for
                   her
                   pains
                   ,
                   which
                   gave
                   her
                   the
                   curiosity
                   of
                   seeing
                   what
                   reason
                   they
                   had
                   to
                   mock
                   her
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   purpose
                   she
                   came
                   down
                   upon
                   Mount
                   Ida
                   ,
                   and
                   began
                   to
                   play
                   with
                   her
                   Pipe
                   upon
                   the
                   banks
                   of
                   a
                   clear
                   River
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   behold
                   her self
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   ;
                   but
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   she
                   perceived
                   how
                   deformed
                   in
                   did
                   represent
                   her
                   ,
                   she
                   cast
                   the
                   Pipe
                   away
                   with
                   a
                   curse
                   ,
                   desiring
                   that
                   he
                   that
                   should
                   take
                   it
                   up
                   ,
                   might
                   end
                   his
                   daies
                   by
                   cruelty
                   .
                   Marsyas
                   the
                   Satyr
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Hyagnis
                   ,
                   a
                   great
                   favourite
                   of
                   Cybele
                   ,
                   found
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   first
                   made
                   
                   use
                   of
                   it
                   in
                   the
                   publick
                   sacrifices
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   reason
                   it
                   did
                   always
                   continue
                   afterwards
                   in
                   her
                   solemnities
                   .
                   But
                   this
                   Marsyas
                   became
                   so
                   proud
                   and
                   self-conceited
                   for
                   this
                   invention
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   challeng'd
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   upon
                   this
                   condition
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   that
                   could
                   make
                   the
                   most
                   pleasant
                   Musick
                   ,
                   should
                   have
                   power
                   over
                   his
                   Antagonist
                   ;
                   Apollo
                   was
                   the
                   Victor
                   ,
                   therefore
                   
                   ●e
                   hang'd
                   Marsyas
                   upon
                   a
                   Tree
                   ,
                   and
                   pull'd
                   his
                   skin
                   over
                   his
                   ears
                   :
                   Some
                   drops
                   of
                   his
                   blood
                   hapned
                   to
                   fall
                   into
                   the
                   River
                   that
                   did
                   run
                   hard
                   by
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   from
                   him
                   it
                   was
                   named
                   Marsyas
                   :
                   It
                   did
                   run
                   through
                   the
                   City
                   Caelenae
                   ,
                   taken
                   by
                   Alexander
                   the
                   Great
                   .
                   
                     
                       
                       Qua
                       celer
                       rect
                       is
                       descendens
                       Marsya
                       ripis
                    
                     
                       Errantem
                       Maeandron
                       adit
                       ,
                       mixtusque
                       refertur
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   For
                   Orpheus
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   Thracian
                   ,
                   born
                   as
                   some
                   say
                   ,
                   of
                   Apollo
                   and
                   Calliope
                   ;
                   as
                   others
                   ,
                   of
                   Eagrus
                   ,
                   aud
                   the
                   Muse
                   Polymnia
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   
                   an
                   excellent
                   Philosopher
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   first
                   that
                   recommended
                   a
                   solitary
                   life
                   ,
                   and
                   abstinence
                   from
                   flesh
                   .
                   Mercurius
                   gave
                   him
                   his
                   Harp
                   ,
                   with
                   which
                   he
                   performed
                   wonders
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   first
                   that
                   introdueed
                   the
                   Bacchanalia
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   called
                   by
                   some
                   for
                   that
                   cause
                   
                     Sacra
                     Orphica
                     .
                     Horace
                  
                   in
                   
                     arte
                     Poet
                  
                   ,
                   tells
                   us
                   that
                
                 
                   Sylvestres
                   homines
                   sacer
                   interpresq
                   ▪
                   Deorum
                   Caedibus
                   &
                   victu
                   faedo
                   deterruit
                   Orpheus
                   ,
                   Dictus
                   ab
                   hoc
                   lenire
                   Tigres
                   ,
                   rabidosque
                   leones
                   Dictus
                   &
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                
                 
                 
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   first
                   that
                   in
                   Thracia
                   caused
                   men
                   to
                   live
                   under
                   Laws
                   and
                   Government
                   ,
                   and
                   called
                   them
                   from
                   their
                   rude
                   and
                   beastly
                   life
                   ,
                   to
                   a
                   more
                   gentile
                   and
                   handsome
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   VI.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   Jason
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Argonauts
                   .
                
                 
                   PElias
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Thessaly
                   ,
                   was
                   careful
                   to
                   train
                   up
                   Jason
                   his
                   Nephew
                   in
                   his
                   sight
                   from
                   his
                   Infancy
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   taken
                   notice
                   in
                   him
                   of
                   an
                   extraordinary
                   courage
                   ,
                   which
                   had
                   cast
                   some
                   jealousie
                   and
                   suspition
                   of
                   him
                   into
                   his
                   mind
                   :
                   When
                   therefore
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   Age
                   ,
                   he
                   sought
                   how
                   he
                   might
                   be
                   delivered
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   his
                   apprehensions
                   together
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   cause
                   he
                   sent
                   him
                   to
                   the
                   Conquest
                   of
                   the
                   Golden
                   Fleece
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   an
                   enterprise
                   from
                   which
                   he
                   could
                   never
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   his
                   judgment
                   ,
                   return
                   alive
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   have
                   already
                   mentioned
                   how
                   Aetha
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Colchos
                   ,
                   had
                   got
                   this
                   Treasure
                   into
                   his
                   possession
                   ,
                   and
                   laid
                   it
                   up
                   safe
                   in
                   a
                   Wood
                   consecrated
                   to
                   Mars
                   ,
                   appointing
                   for
                   a
                   guard
                   certain
                   strange
                   Bulls
                   that
                   had
                   feet
                   of
                   Brass
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   did
                   cast
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   Nostrils
                   fearful
                   flames
                   of
                   fire
                   .
                   He
                   appointed
                   also
                   a
                   dreadful
                   Dragon
                   ,
                   of
                   a
                   prodigious
                   bigness
                   ,
                   accompanied
                   with
                   armed
                   men
                   ,
                   that
                   sprung
                   up
                   from
                   the
                   teeth
                   of
                   this
                   Dragon
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   sowed
                   in
                   the
                   Earth
                   .
                
                 
                   Jason
                   ,
                   in
                   order
                   to
                   this
                   expedition
                   ,
                   commanded
                   
                   a
                   brave
                   ship
                   to
                   be
                   built
                   by
                   one
                   named
                   Argus
                   ,
                   from
                   him
                   it
                   was
                   called
                   Argos
                   the
                   wood
                   of
                   it
                   had
                   been
                   cut
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Forrest
                   of
                   Dodone
                   ;
                   whose
                   Trees
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   give
                   Oracles
                   ;
                   therefore
                   this
                   Ship
                   did
                   retain
                   the
                   faculty
                   of
                   speaking
                   :
                   In
                   this
                   Voyage
                   it
                   was
                   often
                   heard
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   A
                   great
                   number
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   Illustrious
                   Worthies
                   of
                   Greece
                   went
                   aboard
                   to
                   accompany
                   Jason
                   ,
                   and
                   share
                   with
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   glory
                   of
                   this
                   undertaking
                   ;
                   they
                   named
                   themselves
                   
                     Argonauts
                     :
                     Hercules
                  
                   was
                   one
                   also
                   ;
                   
                     Theseus
                     ,
                     Castor
                  
                   and
                   
                     Pollux
                     ,
                     Orpheus
                     ,
                     Tiphys
                     ,
                     Lynceus
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   a
                   great
                   many
                   more
                   :
                   Tiphys
                   did
                   govern
                   the
                   Helm
                   ;
                   Lynceus
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   excellent
                   
                   eyes
                   ,
                   was
                   imployed
                   to
                   discover
                   the
                   banks
                   of
                   Sand
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   dangerous
                   Rocks
                   hid
                   under
                   water
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   decline
                   them
                   :
                   Orpheus
                   with
                   his
                   Musick
                   did
                   pleasantly
                   remove
                   from
                   them
                   the
                   tediousness
                   ,
                   and
                   moderate
                   the
                   grievances
                   of
                   the
                   Voyage
                   ;
                   only
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   Hercules
                   was
                   troublesome
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   heavy
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Vessel
                   was
                   sometimes
                   ready
                   to
                   sink
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   did
                   spend
                   a
                   prodigious
                   quantity
                   of
                   Victuals
                   ,
                   
                   besides
                   he
                   did
                   frequently
                   break
                   his
                   Oars
                   ;
                   but
                   there
                   happened
                   a
                   misfortune
                   that
                   delivered
                   them
                   from
                   the
                   inconveniencies
                   of
                   his
                   company
                   :
                   He
                   had
                   brought
                   with
                   him
                   a
                   young
                   Boy
                   whom
                   he
                   loved
                   ,
                   called
                   Hylas
                   ;
                   when
                   therefore
                   the
                   Ship
                   was
                   run
                   asho●r
                   ,
                   he
                   sent
                   him
                   to
                   seek
                   some
                   fresh
                   water
                   to
                   appease
                   his
                   violent
                   thirst
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Lad
                   fell
                   into
                   the
                   Fountain
                   
                   
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   drawing
                   water
                   .
                   This
                   gave
                   occasion
                   to
                   the
                   Fable
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   had
                   stoln
                   him
                   away
                   .
                   At
                   this
                   unhappy
                   accident
                   Hercules
                   left
                   the
                   Company
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Ship
                   ,
                   to
                   seek
                   him
                   out
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   it
                   is
                   that
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   that
                   Country
                   established
                   Feastivals
                   to
                   be
                   kept
                   every
                   year
                   ,
                   during
                   which
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   wont
                   to
                   wander
                   about
                   the
                   Mountains
                   ,
                   often
                   calling
                   for
                   Hylas
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   Argonauts
                   met
                   with
                   some
                   misfortunes
                   in
                   this
                   expedition
                   ,
                   and
                   several
                   difficult
                   passages
                   :
                   They
                   were
                   to
                   go
                   between
                   the
                   Simplegades
                   ,
                   that
                   are
                   otherwise
                   called
                   the
                   
                     Cyanean
                     Rocks
                  
                   ,
                   scituate
                   beyond
                   the
                   Bosphore
                   of
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   entrance
                   of
                   the
                   Black
                   Sea
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   
                     Pont
                     Euxin
                  
                   :
                   They
                   did
                   seem
                   to
                   joyn
                   afar
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   open
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   coming
                   to
                   the
                   passage
                   .
                   At
                   last
                   they
                   arrived
                   in
                   Colchos
                   .
                
                 
                   From
                   the
                   beginning
                   Jason
                   contracted
                   friendship
                   with
                   the
                   Princess
                   Medea
                   ,
                   the
                   Kings
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   an
                   expert
                   Magician
                   :
                   She
                   ,
                   for
                   his
                   sake
                   ,
                   caused
                   a
                   dead
                   sleep
                   to
                   fall
                   upon
                   all
                   the
                   Monsters
                   that
                   did
                   keep
                   the
                   
                     Golden
                     Fleece
                  
                   by
                   her
                   devillish
                   Enchantments
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   Jason
                   had
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   the
                   liberty
                   to
                   take
                   it
                   .
                   Immediately
                   after
                   Jason
                   fled
                   away
                   with
                   Medea
                   whom
                   he
                   married
                   ,
                   but
                   being
                   pursued
                   by
                   Aetha
                   the
                   Father
                   ,
                   she
                   cut
                   in
                   pieces
                   Absyrthus
                   her
                   little
                   Brother
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   had
                   brought
                   with
                   her
                   ,
                   dispersing
                   and
                   leaving
                   his
                   members
                   at
                   a
                   distance
                   in
                   the
                   way
                   ,
                   that
                   his
                   Father
                   might
                   busie
                   himself
                   in
                   gathering
                   
                   them
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   give
                   them
                   more
                   leasure
                   to
                   escape
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   When
                   they
                   were
                   come
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   
                     Thessaly
                     ,
                     Medea
                  
                   undertook
                   to
                   cure
                   her
                   Father-in-law
                   Aeson
                   of
                   his
                   old
                   Age
                   :
                   By
                   the
                   virtue
                   of
                   her
                   Magick
                   Art
                   she
                   restored
                   unto
                   him
                   his
                   youthful
                   appearance
                   and
                   strength
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   take
                   vengeance
                   of
                   the
                   hatred
                   that
                   Pelias
                   did
                   bear
                   unto
                   them
                   ,
                   she
                   perswaded
                   his
                   Daughters
                   to
                   try
                   the
                   same
                   experiment
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   was
                   extreme
                   old
                   and
                   decrepit
                   .
                   According
                   to
                   her
                   directions
                   they
                   cut
                   him
                   to
                   pieces
                   ,
                   and
                   boiled
                   them
                   in
                   a
                   Kettle
                   with
                   certain
                   Herbs
                   which
                   she
                   had
                   delivered
                   unto
                   them
                   :
                   But
                   these
                   wretched
                   Daughters
                   seeing
                   it
                   impossible
                   to
                   recover
                   their
                   Father
                   again
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   ,
                   were
                   mightily
                   afflicted
                   and
                   grieved
                   that
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   so
                   absurd
                   as
                   to
                   murder
                   him
                   upon
                   such
                   unlikely
                   hopes
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   this
                   time
                   Medea
                   did
                   live
                   with
                   Jason
                   in
                   a
                   perfect
                   amity
                   and
                   correspondency
                   ,
                   having
                   had
                   by
                   him
                   two
                   dainty
                   Children
                   .
                   But
                   at
                   last
                   ,
                   when
                   Jason
                   arrived
                   at
                   Corinth
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Court
                   of
                   King
                   Creon
                   ,
                   he
                   fell
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   the
                   Princess
                   Creusa
                   his
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   with
                   whom
                   he
                   married
                   ,
                   forgetting
                   the
                   obligations
                   and
                   favours
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   received
                   from
                   Medea
                   .
                
                 
                   She
                   was
                   resolved
                   to
                   revenge
                   her self
                   ;
                   therefore
                   dissembling
                   her
                   dissatisfaction
                   ,
                   she
                   seem'd
                   to
                   approve
                   of
                   the
                   Match
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   a
                   Box
                   full
                   of
                   Jewels
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   such
                   precious
                   things
                   to
                   the
                   Bride
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   Token
                   of
                   her
                   love
                   ;
                   but
                   it
                   was
                   all
                   bewitcht
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   
                   when
                   it
                   was
                   opened
                   a
                   strange
                   flame
                   burst
                   out
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   which
                   consumed
                   suddenly
                   the
                   Kings
                   Palace
                   to
                   ashes
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Bride
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   aged
                   Father
                   in
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   Jason
                   in
                   his
                   fury
                   went
                   to
                   seek
                   Medea
                   to
                   be
                   
                   revenged
                   of
                   her
                   for
                   this
                   cruelty
                   .
                   She
                   waited
                   for
                   him
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   a
                   high
                   Tower
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   she
                   reproach'd
                   him
                   with
                   his
                   ungratitude
                   ,
                   and
                   before
                   his
                   eyes
                   massacred
                   two
                   Children
                   that
                   she
                   had
                   by
                   him
                   .
                   She
                   then
                   took
                   her
                   flight
                   towards
                   Athens
                   ,
                   being
                   supported
                   by
                   two
                   strong
                   and
                   fearful
                   Dragons
                   in
                   the
                   Air.
                   When
                   she
                   was
                   arrived
                   into
                   this
                   City
                   ,
                   she
                   became
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   King
                   Aegeus
                   ,
                   by
                   whom
                   she
                   had
                   Medus
                   .
                   But
                   when
                   she
                   ventur'd
                   to
                   poyson
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   she
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   fly
                   away
                   for
                   her
                   life
                   with
                   her
                   Son
                   Medus
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   retreat
                   into
                   that
                   part
                   of
                   Asia
                   called
                   from
                   him
                   Media
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   this
                   last
                   Chapter
                   ,
                   the
                   most
                   noted
                   persons
                   are
                   
                     Medea
                     ,
                     Jason
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Argonauts
                   ,
                   and
                   Creon
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   the
                   Poets
                   do
                   relate
                   these
                   following
                   stories
                   .
                
                 
                   Medea
                   was
                   a
                   renowned
                   Witch
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Aeta
                   and
                   Idya
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   Ovid
                   names
                   her
                   ,
                   Mother
                   of
                   Ipsea
                   :
                   She
                   was
                   the
                   Grand-child
                   of
                   Sol
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   tutored
                   and
                   made
                   acquainted
                   with
                   the
                   secrets
                   of
                   her
                   devillish
                   Art
                   by
                   Hecate
                   ,
                   who
                   taught
                   her
                   how
                   to
                   perform
                   wonderful
                   things
                   by
                   her
                   Spells
                   and
                   Enchantments
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   able
                   to
                   transport
                   woods
                   from
                   one
                   place
                   to
                   another
                   ,
                   to
                   cause
                   the
                   currant
                   of
                   the
                   Rivers
                   to
                   turn
                   back
                   towards
                   
                   their
                   source
                   ,
                   to
                   bring
                   down
                   the
                   Moon
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   Stars
                   upon
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   give
                   life
                   to
                   the
                   Dead
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   expedition
                   of
                   the
                   Argonauts
                   ,
                   and
                   her
                   affection
                   for
                   Jason
                   ,
                   rendered
                   her
                   famous
                   ,
                   or
                   rather
                   infamous
                   ;
                   for
                   his
                   sake
                   she
                   consented
                   to
                   betray
                   
                   her
                   Fathers
                   and
                   Countries
                   interest
                   ;
                   by
                   her
                   means
                   he
                   seized
                   upon
                   the
                   
                     Golden
                     Fleece
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   Aeta
                   intended
                   to
                   revenge
                   himself
                   of
                   the
                   Argonauts
                   by
                   their
                   deaths
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   Banquet
                   unto
                   which
                   they
                   were
                   all
                   invited
                   ,
                   Medea
                   discovered
                   the
                   Plot
                   to
                   Jason
                   ,
                   who
                   thought
                   it
                   high
                   time
                   to
                   sail
                   away
                   with
                   his
                   Prize
                   ,
                   and
                   Medea
                   Before
                   her
                   departure
                   she
                   committed
                   a
                   most
                   inhumane
                   act
                   ,
                   in
                   killing
                   her
                   only
                   Brother
                   ,
                   and
                   casting
                   his
                   Members
                   in
                   the
                   way
                   for
                   her
                   Father
                   to
                   gather
                   up
                   .
                   She
                   was
                   no
                   less
                   cruel
                   afterwards
                   to
                   Pelias
                   the
                   King
                   ,
                   who
                   hearing
                   a
                   false
                   report
                   of
                   the
                   miscarriage
                   of
                   the
                   Argonauts
                   ,
                   abused
                   the
                   friends
                   of
                   Jason
                   ,
                   and
                   treated
                   his
                   Kindred
                   barbarously
                   .
                   At
                   the
                   return
                   of
                   the
                   Ship
                   into
                   a
                   Bay
                   of
                   Thessaly
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   City
                   
                     Jolaus
                     ,
                     Jason
                  
                   understanding
                   all
                   that
                   had
                   happened
                   ,
                   entreats
                   his
                   Companions
                   to
                   assist
                   him
                   ;
                   but
                   because
                   they
                   were
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   encounter
                   with
                   a
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   Medea
                   undertook
                   to
                   punish
                   Pelias
                   with
                   her
                   Enchantments
                   .
                   She
                   makes
                   a
                   Statue
                   of
                   Diana
                   ,
                   with
                   it
                   she
                   lands
                   and
                   hastens
                   into
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   having
                   taken
                   the
                   disguize
                   of
                   an
                   old
                   Woman
                   :
                   At
                   her
                   entrance
                   she
                   proclaims
                   in
                   the
                   streets
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   did
                   bring
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   Diana
                   from
                   the
                   Northern
                   Countries
                   ,
                   requiring
                   the
                   people
                   to
                   receive
                   it
                   with
                   respect
                   ;
                   unto
                   her
                   words
                   she
                   added
                   
                   Miracles
                   ,
                   to
                   perswade
                   them
                   to
                   believe
                   :
                   So
                   that
                   when
                   she
                   saw
                   the
                   King
                   and
                   people
                   at
                   her
                   devotion
                   ,
                   she
                   revealed
                   unto
                   the
                   Princes
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   commanded
                   by
                   Diana
                   to
                   restore
                   
                   to
                   their
                   Father
                   his
                   former
                   youthful
                   strength
                   and
                   appearance
                   .
                   To
                   oblige
                   them
                   more
                   easily
                   to
                   believe
                   the
                   possibility
                   of
                   this
                   action
                   ,
                   she
                   dismembred
                   before
                   them
                   an
                   old
                   Ram
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   by
                   witchcraft
                   turned
                   it
                   into
                   a
                   young
                   Lamb.
                   They
                   being
                   thus
                   perswaded
                   to
                   try
                   the
                   same
                   experiment
                   upon
                   their
                   Father
                   ,
                   kill'd
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   punisht
                   him
                   for
                   his
                   cruelty
                   ,
                   and
                   gave
                   an
                   opportunity
                   to
                   the
                   Argonauts
                   to
                   seize
                   upon
                   the
                   empty
                   Throne
                   .
                   Acastus
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Pelias
                   ,
                   reigned
                   in
                   his
                   stead
                   ,
                   but
                   his
                   wretched
                   Daughters
                   were
                   married
                   to
                   the
                   
                     Argonauts
                     ;
                     Admetus
                  
                   took
                   Alcestes
                   ,
                   who
                   only
                   had
                   not
                   consented
                   to
                   the
                   cruelty
                   committed
                   upon
                   her
                   Father
                   ,
                   Amphinome
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   
                     Andraemon
                     ,
                     Asteropea
                  
                   and
                   Autonoe
                   were
                   given
                   to
                   other
                   Husbands
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   Medea
                   lived
                   quietly
                   with
                   Jason
                   ,
                   until
                   he
                   became
                   enamoured
                   with
                   Creusa
                   ,
                   or
                   Glauca
                   ,
                   the
                   Kings
                   Daughter
                   .
                   She
                   revenged
                   her self
                   of
                   this
                   affront
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   sent
                   a
                   Box
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   some
                   say
                   a
                   Crown
                   ,
                   shut
                   up
                   in
                   a
                   Box
                   to
                   the
                   Bride
                   ,
                   anointed
                   with
                   a
                   strange
                   compound
                   ,
                   called
                   *
                   Naphtha
                   ,
                   which
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   she
                   had
                   toucht
                   ,
                   the
                   Air
                   round
                   about
                   her
                   inflamed
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Kings
                   Palace
                   about
                   her
                   ears
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Jason
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Aeson
                   and
                   Polymedes
                   ,
                   descended
                   by
                   his
                   Father
                   from
                   Aeolus
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Winds
                   .
                   When
                   the
                   Oracle
                   had
                   informed
                   his
                   Vncle
                   Pelias
                   ,
                   that
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Kinsmen
                   should
                   put
                   him
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   have
                   an
                   eye
                   upon
                   Jason
                   ,
                   he
                   sought
                   to
                   destroy
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   escaped
                   to
                   Chiron
                   the
                   Centaur
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   
                   a
                   Student
                   in
                   Physick
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   was
                   sent
                   to
                   recover
                   the
                   
                     Golden
                     Fleece
                  
                   that
                   did
                   belong
                   to
                   his
                   Family
                   :
                   He
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   Worthies
                   of
                   Greece
                   ,
                   did
                   run
                   many
                   dangers
                   in
                   this
                   expedition
                   ;
                   they
                   were
                   to
                   pass
                   between
                   the
                   
                     Simplegades
                     Rocks
                  
                   that
                   are
                   in
                   a
                   continual
                   motion
                   ;
                   they
                   let
                   go
                   a
                   Pidgeon
                   before
                   they
                   would
                   venture
                   through
                   with
                   their
                   Ship
                   ;
                   and
                   although
                   this
                   Bird
                   flies
                   with
                   a
                   wonderful
                   swiftness
                   ,
                   her
                   tail
                   was
                   catcht
                   between
                   the
                   Rocks
                   ;
                   nevertheless
                   the
                   wind
                   blew
                   them
                   through
                   ,
                   with
                   little
                   damage
                   to
                   their
                   Vessel
                   .
                   They
                   landed
                   in
                   several
                   places
                   by
                   the
                   way
                   ,
                   and
                   relieved
                   Phineus
                   ,
                   an
                   old
                   Fellow
                   that
                   was
                   troubled
                   with
                   the
                   Harpies
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   two
                   Children
                   of
                   Boreas
                   that
                   were
                   in
                   this
                   expedition
                   made
                   them
                   fly
                   away
                   ,
                   and
                   leave
                   the
                   blind
                   Phineus
                   to
                   eat
                   his
                   meat
                   in
                   quiet
                   .
                   When
                   Jason
                   was
                   returned
                   ,
                   he
                   dedicated
                   bis
                   Ship
                   to
                   Neptunus
                   :
                   It
                   was
                   afterwards
                   
                   preserved
                   many
                   years
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   breaches
                   
                   that
                   time
                   did
                   make
                   ,
                   were
                   repaired
                   as
                   Noahs
                   Ark
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Ship
                   of
                   Theseus
                   .
                   All
                   these
                   Argonauts
                   did
                   live
                   in
                   the
                   daies
                   of
                   Othoniel
                   and
                   Gedeon
                   ,
                   Judges
                   of
                   Israel
                   ,
                   about
                   2500
                   years
                   ,
                   after
                   the
                   World
                   was
                   created
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   VII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Cadmus
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   .
                
                 
                   VVHen
                   Jupiter
                   ravisht
                   Europa
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Agenor
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Phaenicians
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   said
                   in
                   the
                   third
                   Chapter
                   of
                   the
                   first
                   Book
                   ,
                   this
                   Prince
                   sent
                   his
                   Son
                   to
                   seek
                   her
                   out
                   into
                   many
                   places
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Command
                   to
                   never
                   appear
                   before
                   him
                   until
                   he
                   had
                   found
                   her
                   :
                   But
                   Cadmus
                   ,
                   after
                   many
                   tedious
                   voyages
                   ,
                   could
                   never
                   learn
                   what
                   was
                   become
                   of
                   her
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   consult
                   the
                   Oracle
                   of
                   Apollo
                   in
                   Delphos
                   ,
                   to
                   know
                   what
                   was
                   best
                   for
                   him
                   
                   to
                   do
                   :
                   The
                   answer
                   was
                   ,
                   that
                   a
                   Cow
                   ,
                   some
                   say
                   an
                   Oxe
                   ,
                   should
                   meet
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   follow
                   the
                   directions
                   of
                   this
                   Beast
                   ,
                   to
                   build
                   a
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   settle
                   his
                   habitation
                   .
                   He
                   met
                   the
                   Oxe
                   in
                   a
                   Province
                   of
                   Greece
                   ,
                   called
                   from
                   thence
                   Boeotia
                   :
                   And
                   that
                   in
                   a
                   business
                   of
                   so
                   great
                   a
                   concern
                   ,
                   he
                   might
                   obtain
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   he
                   resolved
                   first
                   to
                   offer
                   the
                   wearied
                   beast
                   in
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Minerva
                   .
                   In
                   order
                   to
                   this
                   Religious
                   performance
                   ,
                   he
                   dispatches
                   his
                   followers
                   to
                   
                   the
                   next
                   Fountain
                   ,
                   named
                   Dirce
                   ,
                   to
                   fetch
                   from
                   thence
                   water
                   ,
                   but
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   a
                   
                   fearful
                   Dragon
                   surprized
                   them
                   there
                   unawares
                   ,
                   and
                   devoured
                   them
                   alive
                   .
                   Minerva
                   advised
                   him
                   immediately
                   to
                   destroy
                   this
                   Dragon
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   sow
                   the
                   Teeth
                   of
                   his
                   head
                   in
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   which
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   done
                   ,
                   several
                   Companies
                   of
                   armed
                   men
                   sprung
                   up
                   out
                   of
                   this
                   seed
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   could
                   not
                   suffer
                   one
                   another
                   ,
                   therefore
                   they
                   destroyed
                   themselves
                   ,
                   only
                   five
                   were
                   remaining
                   ,
                   that
                   offered
                   their
                   assistance
                   to
                   Cadmus
                   ,
                   in
                   building
                   a
                   City
                   to
                   dwell
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   furnishing
                   it
                   with
                   Inhabitants
                   .
                   This
                   City
                   was
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   reigned
                   many
                   
                   years
                   ,
                   and
                   left
                   many
                   Children
                   :
                   
                     Ino
                     ,
                     Semcle
                  
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   Bacchus
                   ,
                   and
                   Agave
                   ,
                   who
                   being
                   transported
                   with
                   fury
                   in
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   the
                   Menades
                   ,
                   she
                   kill'd
                   her
                   own
                   Son
                   Pentheus
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   by
                   his
                   speech
                   discovered
                   a
                   dislike
                   of
                   the
                   mad
                   Ceremonies
                   of
                   this
                   God.
                   
                
                 
                   Cadmus
                   did
                   live
                   to
                   see
                   all
                   his
                   Posterity
                   fall
                   into
                   extreme
                   misery
                   ,
                   and
                   himself
                   and
                   Wife
                   
                   banished
                   into
                   Illyria
                   ,
                   or
                   Sclavonia
                   ,
                   where
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   their
                   desire
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   changed
                   into
                   Serpents
                   ;
                   for
                   Amphion
                   forced
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   own
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   built
                   the
                   walls
                   of
                   it
                   by
                   the
                   harmony
                   of
                   his
                   Lute
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   said
                   in
                   the
                   fifth
                   Chapter
                   ;
                   but
                   was
                   afterwards
                   kill'd
                   by
                   Diana
                   for
                   his
                   unconsiderate
                   speeches
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   her
                   Brother
                   Apollo
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   I
                   think
                   it
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   amiss
                   if
                   we
                   take
                   notice
                   here
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   have
                   been
                   several
                   Cities
                   
                   of
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   one
                   in
                   Cilicia
                   ,
                   where
                   Andromedes
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Hector
                   was
                   born
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   sackt
                   by
                   the
                   Greeks
                   when
                   they
                   marcht
                   to
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy
                   :
                   There
                   was
                   another
                   in
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   the
                   largest
                   of
                   that
                   Name
                   ;
                   it
                   had
                   a
                   hundred
                   Gates
                   ;
                   from
                   it
                   that
                   fruitful
                   and
                   renowned
                   Province
                   Thebais
                   was
                   so
                   called
                   ,
                   which
                   hath
                   been
                   the
                   retreat
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   Religious
                   Anachorets
                   ,
                   that
                   built
                   there
                   their
                   Covents
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   Ages
                   of
                   Christianity
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   Thebs
                   in
                   Boeotia
                   was
                   the
                   most
                   famous
                   of
                   all
                   these
                   Cities
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   grievous
                   Wars
                   that
                   it
                   suffered
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   great
                   Captains
                   that
                   it
                   furnished
                   to
                   Greece
                   ,
                   such
                   as
                   
                   were
                   Epaminondas
                   ,
                   and
                   Pelopidas
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   because
                   the
                   drunken
                   God
                   
                     Bacchm
                     ,
                     Hercules
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Pindarus
                   ,
                   the
                   Prince
                   of
                   the
                   Lyrick
                   Poets
                   ,
                   were
                   born
                   in
                   it
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   reported
                   of
                   the
                   last
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Bees
                   did
                   prognosticate
                   and
                   signifie
                   what
                   he
                   should
                   one
                   day
                   be
                   ;
                   for
                   whiles
                   he
                   was
                   yet
                   in
                   the
                   Cradle
                   ,
                   they
                   pitcht
                   upon
                   his
                   
                   lips
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   laid
                   up
                   their
                   honey
                   ,
                   and
                   Pan
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Nymphs
                   of
                   the
                   Neighbourhood
                   ,
                   did
                   keep
                   a
                   Feastival
                   on
                   the
                   day
                   that
                   he
                   came
                   into
                   the
                   World.
                   Alexander
                   the
                   Great
                   did
                   mightily
                   honour
                   him
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   he
                   commanded
                   all
                   the
                   City
                   to
                   be
                   destroyed
                   with
                   fire
                   and
                   Sword
                   ,
                   he
                   gave
                   an
                   express
                   Order
                   to
                   his
                   Souldiers
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   should
                   spare
                   the
                   house
                   of
                   Pindarus
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   his
                   Relations
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Cadmus
                   ,
                   and
                   most
                   of
                   the
                   famous
                   men
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   ,
                   cannot
                   much
                   glory
                   in
                   a
                   Noble
                   Pedigrce
                   :
                   
                   If
                   the
                   truth
                   was
                   known
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   but
                   the
                   Cook
                   of
                   Agenor
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Tyre
                   or
                   Sidon
                   ;
                   
                   he
                   ran
                   away
                   from
                   his
                   Prince
                   for
                   no
                   good
                   deed
                   with
                   Harmonia
                   a
                   noted
                   Strumpet
                   ,
                   yet
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   happy
                   as
                   to
                   have
                   laid
                   the
                   foundations
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Herodotus
                   saith
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   brought
                   sixteen
                   Letters
                   into
                   Greece
                   ,
                   and
                   taught
                   the
                   people
                   the
                   Art
                   of
                   Writing
                   :
                   Somesay
                   ,
                   that
                   Pentheus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Agave
                   ,
                   and
                   Echion
                   his
                   Grand-child
                   ,
                   afterwards
                   by
                   his
                   furious
                   Mother
                   succeeded
                   him
                   in
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Poets
                   make
                   Europa
                   bi
                   r
                   Sister
                   ,
                   Thasus
                   his
                   Brother
                   .
                   Cilix
                   ,
                   from
                   whom
                   Cilicia
                   borrows
                   the
                   Name
                   ,
                   and
                   Phoenix
                   ,
                   who
                   hath
                   called
                   a
                   Province
                   of
                   
                     Asia
                     Phoenicia
                  
                   ,
                   were
                   his
                   other
                   Brethren
                   ,
                   Electra
                   and
                   Taygete
                   his
                   other
                   Sisters
                   ,
                   by
                   several
                   Mothers
                   .
                   Europa
                   was
                   the
                   most
                   remarkable
                   of
                   them
                   for
                   her
                   extraordinary
                   beauty
                   ,
                   which
                   caused
                   Jupiter
                   to
                   send
                   some
                   of
                   his
                   Subjects
                   
                   to
                   steal
                   her
                   away
                   .
                   They
                   took
                   her
                   and
                   carried
                   her
                   on
                   board
                   a
                   Ship
                   where
                   a
                   Bulls
                   Image
                   was
                   placed
                   in
                   the
                   Stern
                   ,
                   which
                   caused
                   the
                   Fable
                   of
                   Europa's
                   being
                   ravisht
                   by
                   a
                   Bull.
                   Her
                   afflicted
                   Father
                   sent
                   his
                   Sons
                   Thassus
                   and
                   Cadmus
                   after
                   her
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   little
                   purpose
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   they
                   could
                   not
                   find
                   her
                   ,
                   they
                   setled
                   themselves
                   ,
                   and
                   built
                   each
                   of
                   them
                   a
                   City
                   ;
                   Thassus
                   in
                   an
                   Isle
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Aegean
                     Sea
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Cadmus
                   in
                   Greece
                   .
                   The
                   Phaenicians
                   to
                   comfort
                   their
                   disconsolate
                   Prince
                   ,
                   invented
                   and
                   promoted
                   the
                   Fable
                   of
                   Europa's
                   being
                   carried
                   away
                   by
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   therefore
                   they
                   reckoned
                   her
                   amongst
                   the
                   Goddesses
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   appointed
                   Sacrifices
                   and
                   Altars
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   causing
                   Money
                   to
                   be
                   stampt
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   her
                   :
                   In
                   one
                   side
                   was
                   Europa
                   sitting
                   upon
                   a
                   white
                   Bull.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   was
                   famous
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   but
                   never
                   so
                   much
                   as
                   when
                   Epaminondas
                   the
                   great
                   Warriour
                   and
                   Philosopher
                   overcame
                   the
                   
                   Lacedemonians
                   .
                   Pindarus
                   was
                   a
                   Citizen
                   of
                   this
                   place
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   much
                   respected
                   for
                   his
                   Poetical
                   Art
                   :
                   The
                   Oracle
                   enrich't
                   him
                   for
                   it
                   ,
                   &
                   commanded
                   that
                   a
                   half
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   gifts
                   dedicated
                   to
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   should
                   be
                   presented
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   sing
                   and
                   compose
                   so
                   many
                   excellent
                   Hymns
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   that
                   God
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   others
                   .
                   The
                   Bees
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   yet
                   a
                   Child
                   sleeping
                   in
                   the
                   open
                   air
                   ,
                   powred
                   forth
                   upon
                   his
                   lips
                   their
                   delightful
                   honey
                   .
                   The
                   same
                   thing
                   is
                   reported
                   of
                   Plato
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   is
                   said
                   of
                   Midas
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   yet
                   in
                   his
                   Cradle
                   ,
                   the
                   Ants
                   carried
                   into
                   his
                   mouth
                   several
                   grains
                   of
                   Wheat
                   .
                   These
                   passages
                   were
                   Prognosticks
                   of
                   the
                   future
                   splendour
                   and
                   fame
                   of
                   these
                   men
                   in
                   that
                   kind
                   of
                   life
                   which
                   they
                   did
                   imbrace
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   VIII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Oedipus
                   .
                
                 
                   LAius
                   King
                   of
                   Thebs
                   having
                   espoused
                   Jocasta
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Creon
                   ,
                   understood
                   from
                   the
                   Oracle
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   die
                   by
                   the
                   hand
                   of
                   one
                   that
                   should
                   proceed
                   out
                   of
                   this
                   Marriage
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   commanded
                   Jocasta
                   his
                   Queen
                   ,
                   to
                   destroy
                   all
                   her
                   Children
                   .
                   
                   When
                   Oedipus
                   was
                   born
                   ,
                   his
                   Mother
                   was
                   loath
                   to
                   commit
                   so
                   horrid
                   a
                   cruelty
                   upon
                   the
                   Babe
                   with
                   her
                   own
                   hands
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   delivered
                   to
                   a
                   Souldier
                   to
                   be
                   by
                   him
                   strangled
                   :
                   But
                   he
                   also
                   was
                   moved
                   with
                   compassion
                   for
                   the
                   poor
                   Infant
                   ,
                   and
                   could
                   not
                   have
                   the
                   courage
                   to
                   dispatch
                   him
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   see
                   him
                   expire
                   ;
                   for
                   that
                   reason
                   he
                   pierced
                   his
                   feet
                   ,
                   and
                   tyed
                   him
                   up
                   to
                   a
                   Tree
                   growing
                   upon
                   Mount
                   Cytheron
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   there
                   die
                   in
                   that
                   miserable
                   condition
                   :
                   But
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   Poebas
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Shepherds
                   of
                   Polybius
                   King
                   of
                   Corinth
                   ,
                   came
                   immediately
                   after
                   by
                   that
                   way
                   ,
                   and
                   seeing
                   in
                   what
                   danger
                   the
                   Infant
                   was
                   of
                   its
                   li●e
                   ,
                   he
                   took
                   it
                   down
                   ;
                   and
                   because
                   it
                   was
                   very
                   fair
                   ,
                   he
                   presented
                   it
                   to
                   the
                   Queen
                   his
                   Mistress
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   Childless
                   .
                   She
                   received
                   it
                   with
                   affection
                   ,
                   brought
                   it
                   up
                   ,
                   and
                   caused
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   treated
                   as
                   if
                   it
                   had
                   been
                   her
                   own
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   named
                   Oedipus
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   swelling
                   in
                   his
                   feet
                   ,
                   proceeding
                   from
                   the
                   holes
                   made
                   in
                   them
                   by
                   the
                   Souldier
                   of
                   Laius
                   ;
                   for
                   in
                   Greece
                   this
                   Word
                   signifies
                   one
                   that
                   hath
                   a
                   swelling
                   in
                   his
                   feet
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   age
                   of
                   understanding
                   ,
                   he
                   understood
                   his
                   mistake
                   of
                   being
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Polybius
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   consult
                   the
                   Oracle
                   to
                   know
                   who
                   was
                   his
                   Father
                   :
                   He
                   received
                   this
                   answer
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   find
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   Province
                   of
                   Phocis
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   was
                   come
                   thither
                   ,
                   he
                   happened
                   to
                   be
                   in
                   a
                   seditious
                   tumult
                   of
                   the
                   people
                   ,
                   where
                   King
                   Laius
                   was
                   also
                   arrived
                   to
                   appease
                   the
                   disorders
                   ▪
                   
                   without
                   knowing
                   him
                   for
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   he
                   kill'd
                   him
                   by
                   chance
                   :
                   But
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   not
                   suspected
                   for
                   the
                   Author
                   of
                   this
                   Murder
                   ,
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   dwell
                   at
                   Thebs
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   that
                   time
                   Juno
                   ,
                   the
                   sworn
                   Enemy
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   had
                   brought
                   forth
                   a
                   Monster
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   it
                   to
                   a
                   place
                   not
                   far
                   off
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   named
                   Sphinx
                   ;
                   the
                   face
                   and
                   voice
                   was
                   like
                   a
                   Girls
                   ,
                   the
                   body
                   like
                   a
                   Dog
                   ,
                   the
                   tail
                   as
                   a
                   Dragons
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   claws
                   like
                   a
                   Lyons
                   ,
                   with
                   great
                   wings
                   upon
                   the
                   back
                   .
                   To
                   every
                   one
                   that
                   passed
                   by
                   ,
                   it
                   did
                   propose
                   aenigmatical
                   Questions
                   ,
                   and
                   if
                   they
                   did
                   not
                   give
                   a
                   present
                   solution
                   ,
                   it
                   did
                   devour
                   them
                   without
                   mercy
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   Country
                   round
                   about
                   was
                   forsaken
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   body
                   did
                   dare
                   to
                   venture
                   near
                   the
                   City
                   .
                   The
                   Oracle
                   did
                   then
                   declare
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   only
                   way
                   to
                   be
                   delivered
                   from
                   this
                   Tyranny
                   ,
                   was
                   to
                   give
                   the
                   right
                   meaning
                   to
                   this
                   Riddle
                   of
                   the
                   Sphinx
                   ;
                   which
                   was
                   the
                   Creature
                   that
                   in
                   the
                   morning
                   did
                   walk
                   on
                   four
                   feet
                   ,
                   at
                   noon
                   on
                   two
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   evening
                   on
                   three
                   .
                   Creon
                   ,
                   who
                   succeeded
                   Laïus
                   in
                   the
                   Throne
                   ,
                   caused
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   proclaimed
                   all
                   over
                   Greece
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   would
                   quit
                   his
                   Claim
                   to
                   the
                   Crown
                   ,
                   and
                   would
                   give
                   Jocasta
                   ,
                   the
                   Widow
                   of
                   Laïus
                   ,
                   in
                   Marriage
                   to
                   one
                   that
                   would
                   resolve
                   this
                   Question
                   ,
                   which
                   Oedipus
                   did
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   brought
                   the
                   true
                   sense
                   of
                   the
                   Enigma
                   ,
                   telling
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   Man
                   ,
                   who
                   in
                   his
                   Youth
                   did
                   go
                   upon
                   four
                   feet
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Beasts
                   ;
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   upon
                   his
                   hands
                   and
                   feet
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   did
                   arrive
                   
                   to
                   an
                   age
                   of
                   strength
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   march
                   upon
                   two
                   ,
                   without
                   any
                   other
                   support
                   ;
                   and
                   when
                   old
                   age
                   did
                   seize
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   for
                   :
                   ced
                   to
                   make
                   use
                   of
                   a
                   stick
                   ,
                   instead
                   of
                   a
                   third
                   foot
                   ,
                   to
                   help
                   him
                   to
                   go
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   When
                   the
                   Monster
                   saw
                   the
                   Riddle
                   resolved
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   so
                   much
                   inraged
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   a
                   furious
                   manner
                   it
                   dasht
                   its
                   brains
                   against
                   a
                   Rock
                   ,
                   and
                   thus
                   delivered
                   the
                   Country
                   from
                   much
                   fear
                   and
                   danger
                   .
                
                 
                   Oedipus
                   was
                   raised
                   to
                   the
                   Throne
                   in
                   reward
                   of
                   this
                   good
                   service
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Jocasta
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   knew
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   his
                   Mother
                   .
                   Of
                   her
                   he
                   had
                   two
                   Sons
                   ,
                   Eteocles
                   and
                   Polynices
                   ,
                   with
                   two
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   Antigone
                   and
                   Ismene
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   about
                   this
                   time
                   the
                   Gods
                   sent
                   a
                   most
                   grievous
                   plague
                   amongst
                   the
                   Thebans
                   to
                   punish
                   them
                   for
                   the
                   murder
                   of
                   Laïus
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   the
                   Oracle
                   did
                   declare
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   never
                   to
                   cease
                   until
                   he
                   that
                   was
                   guilty
                   of
                   his
                   blood
                   was
                   banished
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   which
                   caused
                   a
                   diligent
                   search
                   to
                   be
                   made
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   by
                   the
                   Art
                   of
                   Negromancy
                   it
                   was
                   known
                   that
                   Oedipus
                   was
                   the
                   man.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   understand
                   the
                   truth
                   of
                   all
                   that
                   had
                   happened
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   by
                   chance
                   he
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   his
                   own
                   Mother
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   inwardly
                   grieved
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   pluckt
                   out
                   his
                   eyes
                   ,
                   and
                   condemned
                   himself
                   to
                   suffer
                   a
                   perpetual
                   banishment
                   ,
                   leaving
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   at
                   the
                   disposition
                   of
                   Eteocles
                   and
                   Polynices
                   his
                   two
                   Sons
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                   Cadmus
                   ,
                   the
                   first
                   Founder
                   of
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   begot
                   Polidorus
                   of
                   his
                   Wife
                   
                     Harmonia
                     ,
                     Polidorus
                  
                   begot
                   Labdacus
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Labdacus
                     Laius
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   Oedipus
                   .
                   This
                   last
                   committed
                   unwittingly
                   two
                   grievous
                   crimes
                   ,
                   he
                   killed
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   espoused
                   his
                   Mother
                   ,
                   which
                   when
                   they
                   understood
                   ,
                   they
                   punish'd
                   themselves
                   .
                   Jocasta
                   chose
                   a
                   voluntary
                   death
                   ,
                   rather
                   than
                   to
                   survive
                   the
                   knowledge
                   of
                   such
                   foul
                   mistakes
                   ,
                   whereof
                   she
                   and
                   her
                   Son
                   were
                   guilty
                   ,
                   and
                   Oedipus
                   departed
                   into
                   banishment
                   .
                   Some
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   his
                   graceless
                   Sons
                   cast
                   him
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   would
                   never
                   allow
                   him
                   any
                   thing
                   for
                   his
                   maintenance
                   ,
                   
                   which
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   curse
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   desire
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   be
                   the
                   causes
                   of
                   their
                   own
                   death
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   was
                   dead
                   ,
                   the
                   Thebans
                   wou
                   d
                   never
                   give
                   unto
                   him
                   a
                   place
                   to
                   be
                   buried
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   they
                   say
                   his
                   body
                   was
                   swallowed
                   up
                   by
                   an
                   Earthquake
                   .
                   This
                   Oedipus
                   was
                   a
                   witty
                   man
                   ,
                   as
                   may
                   appear
                   by
                   his
                   discovery
                   of
                   the
                   meaning
                   of
                   the
                   Sphinx's
                   Riddle
                   .
                   Some
                   report
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   Sphinx
                   was
                   a
                   Robber
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   ambages
                   of
                   his
                   Riddle
                   were
                   the
                   windings
                   and
                   turnings
                   of
                   a
                   Rockie
                   Mountain
                   ;
                   there
                   he
                   had
                   stated
                   himself
                   to
                   〈◊〉
                   the
                   passengers
                   that
                   went
                   to
                   and
                   fro
                   from
                   Thebs
                   .
                   The
                   qualities
                   of
                   divers
                   creatures
                   are
                   imploy
                   d
                   to
                   describe
                   his
                   disposition
                   .
                
                 
                   It
                   was
                   his
                   custome
                   to
                   propound
                   a
                   Riddle
                   ,
                   to
                   massacre
                   these
                   that
                   could
                   not
                   tell
                   the
                   sense
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   let
                   the
                   others
                   pass
                   that
                   did
                   satisfie
                   his
                   Questions
                   .
                   The
                   Poets
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   Monster
                   was
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Echidnae
                   and
                   Typhon
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   the
                   banishment
                   of
                   Oedipus
                   ,
                   his
                   two
                   
                   Sons
                   fell
                   into
                   mortal
                   hatred
                   ;
                   and
                   according
                   to
                   his
                   desire
                   ,
                   they
                   killed
                   one
                   another
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   shall
                   see
                   in
                   the
                   following
                   Chapter
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   IX
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   War
                   against
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   .
                
                 
                   THis
                   famous
                   War
                   is
                   the
                   Subject
                   upon
                   which
                   the
                   Wits
                   of
                   many
                   ancient
                   Poets
                   have
                   exercised
                   themselves
                   .
                   Statius
                   amongst
                   the
                   Latins
                   hath
                   composed
                   twelve
                   Books
                   of
                   it
                   ;
                   and
                   Antimachus
                   amongst
                   the
                   Greeks
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   Plato
                   ,
                   publisht
                   four
                   and
                   twenty
                   Books
                   only
                   of
                   the
                   preparations
                   of
                   this
                   renowned
                   Siege
                   ,
                   whereof
                   this
                   was
                   the
                   cause
                   .
                
                 
                   Eteocles
                   and
                   Polynices
                   ,
                   the
                   two
                   Sons
                   of
                   Oedipus
                   ,
                   did
                   judge
                   it
                   expedient
                   not
                   to
                   part
                   their
                   little
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   weakning
                   it
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   succeed
                   one
                   another
                   in
                   the
                   Government
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   rule
                   each
                   of
                   them
                   a
                   year
                   .
                   Eteocles
                   the
                   Eldest
                   did
                   reign
                   his
                   year
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   it
                   was
                   expired
                   ,
                   he
                   would
                   never
                   yield
                   the
                   Scepter
                   and
                   Power
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   hands
                   :
                   Therefore
                   Polynices
                   resolved
                   to
                   force
                   him
                   by
                   a
                   Siege
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   right
                   himself
                   with
                   the
                   edge
                   of
                   his
                   Sword
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   intent
                   he
                   begs
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   Adrastus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Argos
                   ,
                   whose
                   Daughter
                   he
                   had
                   made
                   his
                   Wife
                   .
                   According
                   to
                   his
                   request
                   he
                   came
                   with
                   a
                   powerful
                   Army
                   ,
                   composed
                   of
                   his
                   own
                   Subjects
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Auxiliaries
                   of
                   his
                   friends
                   and
                   Neighbour
                   Princes
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                   The
                   Thebans
                   ,
                   for
                   their
                   part
                   ,
                   did
                   prepare
                   to
                   receive
                   them
                   ,
                   being
                   encouraged
                   by
                   the
                   Predictions
                   of
                   Tiresias
                   the
                   Southsayer
                   ,
                   who
                   promised
                   unto
                   them
                   a
                   happy
                   success
                   and
                   end
                   of
                   this
                   War
                   ,
                   if
                   Meneceus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Creon
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   last
                   of
                   the
                   Race
                   of
                   Cadmus
                   ,
                   would
                   sacrifice
                   himself
                   for
                   his
                   Native
                   Country
                   .
                   This
                   condition
                   was
                   very
                   grievous
                   and
                   unpleasant
                   ,
                   especially
                   to
                   Creon
                   ,
                   who
                   would
                   never
                   give
                   his
                   consent
                   .
                   Nevertheless
                   this
                   young
                   Prince
                   escaped
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   with
                   a
                   naked
                   Sword
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   people
                   that
                   beheld
                   him
                   from
                   the
                   Walls
                   ,
                   he
                   thrust
                   it
                   into
                   his
                   bowels
                   and
                   died
                   .
                   Immediately
                   after
                   the
                   Thebans
                   ▪
                   made
                   several
                   stout
                   Sallics
                   upon
                   the
                   Enemies
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   they
                   were
                   so
                   happy
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   destroyed
                   all
                   the
                   noted
                   Captains
                   ,
                   Adrastus
                   only
                   excepted
                   ,
                   and
                   totally
                   routed
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   Army
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   first
                   Hippomedon
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   chief
                   of
                   the
                   Enemies
                   ,
                   was
                   wounded
                   to
                   death
                   :
                   It
                   is
                   said
                   of
                   him
                   in
                   Furipide
                   the
                   Poet
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   an
                   appearance
                   of
                   a
                   Gyant
                   ;
                   in
                   his
                   Buckler
                   was
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   Argus
                   ,
                   full
                   of
                   Eyes
                   ;
                   the
                   very
                   sight
                   of
                   him
                   was
                   dreadful
                   to
                   the
                   beholders
                   .
                   Parthenopeus
                   was
                   no
                   less
                   unfortunate
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   fell
                   down
                   dead
                   soon
                   after
                   Hippomedon
                   .
                   Of
                   this
                   Warriour
                   it
                   is
                   reported
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   the
                   Genius
                   and
                   couragious
                   humor
                   of
                   his
                   Mother
                   Atalanta
                   ,
                   a
                   Princess
                   of
                   Arges
                   ,
                   who
                   became
                   famous
                   for
                   her
                   dexterity
                   in
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   the
                   Bow
                   and
                   Arrows
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   running
                   a
                   Race
                   .
                   She
                   was
                   of
                   that
                   brave
                   disposition
                   ,
                   
                   that
                   she
                   resolved
                   never
                   to
                   marry
                   any
                   but
                   a
                   
                   Worthy
                   of
                   that
                   Age
                   that
                   could
                   overcome
                   her
                   in
                   these
                   Martial
                   exercises
                   ,
                   which
                   Hippomenes
                   did
                   .
                   But
                   because
                   they
                   did
                   afterwards
                   both
                   loose
                   that
                   respect
                   which
                   they
                   did
                   owe
                   to
                   Cybele
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   by
                   this
                   Goddess
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Lyon
                   and
                   a
                   Lyoness
                   .
                
                 
                   Tydeus
                   was
                   also
                   kill'd
                   in
                   this
                   War
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   a
                   man
                   of
                   a
                   low
                   stature
                   ,
                   but
                   very
                   strong
                   and
                   valiant
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   made
                   it
                   appear
                   in
                   many
                   brave
                   Encounters
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   sent
                   in
                   Embassie
                   to
                   Eteocles
                   ,
                   to
                   treat
                   with
                   him
                   concerning
                   the
                   Pretensions
                   and
                   Right
                   of
                   Polynices
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   perceived
                   how
                   his
                   Negotiation
                   would
                   prove
                   ineffectual
                   ,
                   he
                   challenged
                   all
                   the
                   Court
                   of
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   before
                   his
                   departure
                   ,
                   at
                   any
                   kind
                   of
                   fight
                   ,
                   and
                   overcame
                   every
                   one
                   that
                   appeared
                   against
                   him
                   :
                   Therefore
                   fifty
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   valiant
                   Lords
                   agreed
                   together
                   to
                   lay
                   for
                   him
                   an
                   Ambuscado
                   in
                   his
                   return
                   to
                   the
                   Camp
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   succesful
                   
                   as
                   to
                   over-power
                   them
                   all
                   ;
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   only
                   spared
                   one
                   alive
                   to
                   send
                   to
                   Eteocles
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   messenger
                   of
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   his
                   Comrades
                   .
                   At
                   last
                   he
                   was
                   mortally
                   wounded
                   with
                   an
                   Arrow
                   ;
                   but
                   Amphiaraus
                   was
                   so
                   concerned
                   for
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   pursued
                   his
                   Enemy
                   ,
                   cut
                   off
                   his
                   head
                   ,
                   and
                   gave
                   it
                   to
                   him
                   to
                   handle
                   before
                   he
                   died
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   said
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   treat
                   it
                   in
                   a
                   most
                   inhumane
                   manner
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   tore
                   off
                   the
                   skin
                   with
                   his
                   teeth
                   ,
                   and
                   suckt
                   out
                   the
                   brains
                   ,
                   which
                   in
                   his
                   rage
                   he
                   swallowed
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   action
                   was
                   so
                   displeasing
                   to
                   Minerva
                   
                   that
                   she
                   would
                   not
                   immortalize
                   his
                   Name
                   as
                   she
                   had
                   promised
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   conferred
                   this
                   Honour
                   upon
                   his
                   Son
                   Diomedes
                   .
                
                 
                   Capaneus
                   was
                   also
                   in
                   the
                   Army
                   of
                   
                     Polynices
                     :
                     Philostrates
                  
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   of
                   a
                   prodigious
                   bigness
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   so
                   much
                   confidence
                   in
                   himself
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   wont
                   to
                   boast
                   that
                   he
                   seared
                   no
                   more
                   the
                   Thunderbolts
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   than
                   the
                   hot
                   beams
                   of
                   the
                   Noon-sun
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   maugre
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   he
                   would
                   take
                   the
                   City
                   :
                   But
                   a
                   Thunder-clap
                   stopt
                   his
                   blaspheming
                   tongue
                   ,
                   and
                   beat
                   him
                   to
                   pieces
                   .
                
                 
                   Amphiaraüs
                   the
                   Prophet
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Commanders
                   in
                   the
                   Army
                   ,
                   did
                   foresee
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   end
                   his
                   daies
                   in
                   this
                   Siege
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   hid
                   himself
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   being
                   forced
                   to
                   go
                   to
                   the
                   War
                   :
                   But
                   his
                   Wife
                   discovered
                   and
                   betrayed
                   him
                   to
                   Adrastus
                   ,
                   who
                   obliged
                   him
                   to
                   accompany
                   the
                   Army
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   kill'd
                   in
                   a
                   very
                   strange
                   manner
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   flying
                   from
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   in
                   his
                   return
                   homewards
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   swallowed
                   up
                   by
                   the
                   Earth
                   alive
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   reckoned
                   up
                   in
                   the
                   number
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   giving
                   Oracles
                   was
                   ascribed
                   to
                   him
                   :
                   They
                   were
                   for
                   a
                   time
                   the
                   most
                   noted
                   of
                   all
                   Greece
                   .
                   At
                   last
                   the
                   two
                   Brothers
                   ,
                   Eteocles
                   and
                   ●olynices
                   ,
                   agreed
                   to
                   end
                   their
                   differences
                   in
                   a
                   single
                   Duel
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   both
                   fel
                   dead
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   :
                   But
                   death
                   was
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   put
                   an
                   end
                   to
                   their
                   hatred
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   F●r●es
                   did
                   haunt
                   the
                   place
                   where
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   buried
                   by
                   Antigone
                   their
                   Sister
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   when
                   a
                   Pomgranate-Tree
                   had
                   been
                   planted
                   
                   there
                   ,
                   it
                   did
                   yield
                   frequently
                   drops
                   of
                   blood
                   ,
                   which
                   did
                   declare
                   how
                   their
                   Enmity
                   was
                   become
                   immortal
                   .
                   Besides
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   reported
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   flames
                   of
                   the
                   pile
                   of
                   Wood
                   in
                   which
                   their
                   bodies
                   were
                   burning
                   together
                   ,
                   did
                   divide
                   and
                   separate
                   into
                   two
                   Pillars
                   at
                   the
                   top
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   no
                   means
                   could
                   be
                   brought
                   to
                   reunite
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   had
                   seven
                   Gates
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   Army
                   of
                   Polynices
                   were
                   seven
                   chief
                   Commanders
                   ,
                   who
                   made
                   their
                   approaches
                   every
                   one
                   to
                   a
                   Gate
                   ,
                   as
                   Euripides
                   tells
                   us
                   in
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Tragedies
                   .
                   
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                    
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   The
                   City
                   was
                   thus
                   divided
                   between
                   the
                   Chieftains
                   ,
                   Parthenopeus
                   was
                   to
                   assault
                   the
                   Gate
                   called
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   Amphiaraus
                   the
                   other
                   named
                   Proetis
                   ;
                   at
                   the
                   Gate
                   of
                   Ogyges
                   was
                   appointed
                   Hippomedon
                   ;
                   
                   Tydeus
                   was
                   seated
                   near
                   the
                   Gate
                   
                     Homoloide
                     ,
                     Polynices
                  
                   was
                   at
                   the
                   other
                   called
                   
                     Cranea
                     ,
                     Capaneus
                  
                   did
                   march
                   against
                   the
                   Electrian
                   Gate
                   ,
                   and
                   Adrastus
                   was
                   at
                   the
                   other
                   named
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   .
                   Parthenopeus
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   that
                   warlike
                   Princess
                   of
                   
                     Argos
                     Atalanta
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Scheneus
                   ;
                   or
                   Coeneus
                   :
                   She
                   was
                   the
                   swiftest
                   runner
                   of
                   her
                   time
                   ,
                   and
                   most
                   dexterous
                   in
                   using
                   Bow
                   and
                   Arrows
                   :
                   She
                   was
                   the
                   fitst
                   that
                   ventured
                   to
                   encounter
                   with
                   the
                   
                   great
                   Calydonian
                   Boar
                   ,
                   already
                   mentioned
                   :
                   Hippomenes
                   ,
                   her
                   humble
                   servant
                   ,
                   found
                   a
                   subtil
                   means
                   to
                   out-run
                   her
                   .
                   The
                   Goddess
                   Venus
                   had
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   him
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Golden
                   Apples
                   of
                   the
                   Hesperide
                   Gardens
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   cast
                   in
                   the
                   way
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   both
                   in
                   the
                   Race
                   :
                   The
                   lovely
                   appearance
                   of
                   this
                   fruit
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   neglect
                   her
                   course
                   ,
                   and
                   gather
                   them
                   up
                   ,
                   whiles
                   Hippomenes
                   went
                   on
                   ,
                   and
                   reacht
                   the
                   Goal
                   before
                   her
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   Race
                   he
                   won
                   her
                   for
                   his
                   Wife
                   ;
                   but
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   not
                   repay
                   to
                   Venus
                   thanks
                   for
                   so
                   great
                   a
                   benefit
                   received
                   ,
                   she
                   caused
                   him
                   so
                   much
                   to
                   forget
                   himself
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   defile
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Cybele
                   with
                   the
                   enjoyment
                   of
                   his
                   Mistress
                   ;
                   for
                   which
                   offence
                   he
                   was
                   turned
                   into
                   a
                   Lyon
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   into
                   a
                   Lyoness
                   ,
                   and
                   were
                   coupled
                   together
                   to
                   drag
                   the
                   Chariot
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   .
                
                 
                   Capaneus
                   was
                   a
                   noted
                   man
                   in
                   this
                   Siege
                   for
                   his
                   impiety
                   ,
                   as
                   Tydeus
                   was
                   for
                   his
                   courage
                   and
                   true
                   valor
                   :
                   The
                   latter
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Oeneus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Calydonia
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   that
                   Diomedes
                   who
                   wounded
                   Venus
                   and
                   Mars
                   in
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy.
                   When
                   this
                   Tydeus
                   had
                   unfortunately
                   kill'd
                   his
                   Brother
                   Menalippus
                   ,
                   he
                   departed
                   to
                   Argos
                   to
                   Adrastus
                   the
                   King
                   ,
                   who
                   received
                   him
                   with
                   all
                   expressions
                   of
                   kindness
                   ,
                   and
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   him
                   Deiphile
                   his
                   Daughter
                   in
                   Marriage
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   given
                   his
                   other
                   named
                   Agia
                   to
                   Polynices
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   
                     Thebs
                     Tydeus
                  
                   did
                   mightily
                   encourage
                   the
                   rest
                   ;
                   but
                   an
                   obscure
                   Fellow
                   ,
                   named
                   Menalippus
                   ,
                   let
                   fly
                   an
                   Arrow
                   at
                   him
                   ,
                   which
                   wounded
                   him
                   to
                   death
                   .
                   In
                   this
                   particular
                   the
                   Poets
                   have
                   taken
                   notice
                   of
                   the
                   
                   Hand
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   that
                   orders
                   many
                   times
                   that
                   our
                   punishments
                   should
                   be
                   inflicted
                   upon
                   us
                   by
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   related
                   to
                   those
                   against
                   whom
                   we
                   have
                   committed
                   great
                   crimes
                   ;
                   that
                   men
                   might
                   understand
                   the
                   proceedings
                   of
                   Divine
                   Justice
                   ,
                   it
                   causeth
                   a
                   Relation
                   to
                   be
                   visibly
                   seen
                   between
                   the
                   offence
                   and
                   its
                   judgments
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   there
                   was
                   none
                   so
                   famous
                   in
                   this
                   Expedition
                   as
                   the
                   Prophet
                   Amphiaraus
                   ,
                   a
                   wise
                   man
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   espoused
                   Eriphyle
                   the
                   Sister
                   of
                   King
                   Adrastus
                   :
                   He
                   foresaw
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   perish
                   if
                   he
                   did
                   engage
                   his
                   person
                   in
                   this
                   War
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   hid
                   himself
                   ;
                   but
                   Eriphyle
                   being
                   corrupted
                   with
                   the
                   present
                   of
                   a
                   Golden
                   Chain
                   given
                   to
                   ber
                   
                   by
                   Polvnices
                   ,
                   betrayed
                   the
                   place
                   of
                   her
                   Husbands
                   concealment
                   ;
                   for
                   which
                   unnatural
                   deed
                   he
                   left
                   order
                   with
                   his
                   Son
                   Alcmeon
                   to
                   dispatch
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   revenge
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   should
                   hear
                   of
                   his
                   miscarriage
                   ;
                   which
                   cruel
                   Command
                   was
                   put
                   in
                   execution
                   by
                   Alcmeon
                   ,
                   but
                   afterwards
                   he
                   became
                   mad
                   ,
                   and
                   wandered
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   until
                   he
                   was
                   kill'd
                   by
                   the
                   Brethren
                   of
                   
                     Amphisibea
                     ,
                     Themon
                  
                   and
                   Axion
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   forsaken
                   their
                   Sister
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   
                     Callirhoe
                     .
                     Amphiaraus
                  
                   after
                   his
                   decease
                   was
                   honoured
                   as
                   a
                   God
                   ,
                   his
                   Oracles
                   were
                   mightily
                   esteemed
                   :
                   In
                   the
                   Country
                   of
                   Athens
                   ,
                   a
                   stately
                   Edifice
                   was
                   erected
                   to
                   him
                   near
                   a
                   large
                   Cave
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   did
                   give
                   answer
                   to
                   all
                   that
                   did
                   
                   come
                   .
                   Not
                   far
                   from
                   this
                   place
                   was
                   the
                   Fountain
                   of
                   Amphiaraus
                   ,
                   whose
                   waters
                   were
                   dedicated
                   to
                   him
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   a
                   capital
                   crime
                   to
                   impl
                   y
                   them
                   in
                   any
                   ordinary
                   use
                   .
                
                 
                   Several
                   persons
                   did
                   come
                   to
                   consult
                   this
                   Oracle
                   from
                   all
                   parts
                   of
                   Greece
                   .
                   It
                   was
                   not
                   delivered
                   ,
                   as
                   those
                   of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   by
                   a
                   Pythonissa
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   a
                   dream
                   .
                   This
                   God
                   did
                   appear
                   to
                   the
                   party
                   who
                   was
                   to
                   offer
                   a
                   Ram
                   in
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   sleep
                   upon
                   the
                   Hide
                   after
                   a
                   fast
                   of
                   24
                   hours
                   ,
                   and
                   three
                   daies
                   abstinence
                   from
                   Wine
                   :
                   Without
                   this
                   preparation
                   no
                   answer
                   could
                   be
                   expected
                   .
                   It
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   amiss
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   to
                   say
                   something
                   concerning
                   Dreams
                   ;
                   Macrobius
                   mentions
                   five
                   sorts
                   ,
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   a
                   Vision
                   ,
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   a
                   discovery
                   of
                   something
                   between
                   sleeping
                   and
                   waking
                   ,
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   a
                   suggestion
                   cast
                   into
                   our
                   fancy
                   ,
                   called
                   by
                   
                     Cicero
                     Visum
                  
                   ,
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   an
                   ordinary
                   Dream
                   ,
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   a
                   Divine
                   Apparition
                   ,
                   or
                   Revelation
                   in
                   our
                   sleep
                   ,
                   such
                   as
                   were
                   the
                   dreams
                   of
                   
                   the
                   Prophets
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Joseph
                   the
                   Husband
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Virgin
                     Mary
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Mages
                   of
                   the
                   East
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   it
                   is
                   said
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   .
                   This
                   expression
                   is
                   often
                   used
                   in
                   Scripture
                   ,
                   to
                   signifie
                   Gods
                   appearing
                   to
                   his
                   servants
                   in
                   Dreams
                   .
                   The
                   Aegyptians
                   and
                   Romans
                   had
                   a
                   particular
                   regard
                   to
                   Dreams
                   :
                   The
                   Learned
                   of
                   the
                   former
                   did
                   esteem
                   the
                   Soul
                   in
                   a
                   profound
                   sleep
                   ,
                   better
                   able
                   to
                   judge
                   of
                   all
                   affairs
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   foresee
                   the
                   intricate
                   events
                   of
                   the
                   time
                   to
                   come
                   .
                   We
                   find
                   that
                   many
                   other
                   people
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Caldeans
                   and
                   Persisians
                   ,
                   did
                   judge
                   some
                   Dreams
                   worthy
                   of
                   observation
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   serious
                   exposition
                   of
                   the
                   wise
                   
                   men
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   had
                   persons
                   appointed
                   amongst
                   them
                   ,
                   whose
                   imployment
                   was
                   to
                   discover
                   the
                   design
                   and
                   intention
                   of
                   dreams
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   certain
                   ,
                   
                   that
                   they
                   do
                   not
                   always
                   deserve
                   our
                   neglect
                   ,
                   seeing
                   that
                   they
                   have
                   been
                   a
                   means
                   of
                   conveying
                   unto
                   men
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   holy
                   Oracles
                   .
                   As
                   we
                   are
                   not
                   therefore
                   to
                   be
                   so
                   superstitious
                   as
                   to
                   apprehend
                   every
                   idle
                   fancy
                   that
                   is
                   raised
                   in
                   us
                   in
                   our
                   sleep
                   ,
                   I
                   would
                   not
                   have
                   a
                   judicious
                   Christian
                   reckon
                   all
                   Dreams
                   as
                   frivolous
                   and
                   useless
                   productions
                   of
                   our
                   brain
                   ,
                   but
                   rather
                   I
                   would
                   advise
                   every
                   one
                   seriously
                   ,
                   to
                   examine
                   all
                   exraordinary
                   Dreams
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   good
                   improvement
                   of
                   them
                   ;
                   for
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   dream
                   ,
                   whether
                   it
                   proceeds
                   from
                   God
                   ,
                   the
                   holy
                   Angels
                   ,
                   the
                   Devils
                   ,
                   or
                   our selves
                   ,
                   but
                   from
                   it
                   we
                   may
                   gather
                   instruction
                   ,
                   comfort
                   or
                   advice
                   in
                   our
                   affairs
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   certain
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Heathens
                   have
                   received
                   many
                   extraordinary
                   benefits
                   from
                   Dreams
                   :
                   Augustus
                   the
                   Emperour
                   escaped
                   from
                   the
                   fury
                   of
                   the
                   Army
                   of
                   Brutus
                   ,
                   that
                   forced
                   his
                   men
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   Camp
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   preadmonition
                   of
                   his
                   Physitian
                   Artorius
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   forewarned
                   of
                   the
                   danger
                   in
                   a
                   Dream
                   .
                   And
                   if
                   his
                   Father
                   Julius
                   had
                   listned
                   to
                   the
                   dream
                   of
                   his
                   Lady
                   Calphurnia
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   never
                   felt
                   in
                   his
                   ●reast
                   the
                   swords
                   of
                   his
                   Assassins
                   that
                   day
                   in
                   the
                   Senate
                   :
                   Experience
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   the
                   judgment
                   f
                   the
                   ancient
                   Fathers
                   of
                   the
                   Church
                   inform
                   ●s
                   ,
                   that
                   Dreams
                   are
                   sometimes
                   Ideas
                   of
                   Truth
                   ●irred
                   up
                   in
                   our
                   fancy
                   by
                   Spirits
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Soul
                   then
                   more
                   free
                   from
                   all
                   sensual
                   impressions
                   ,
                   nd
                   is
                   fitter
                   to
                   converse
                   with
                   beings
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   ature
                   as
                   it self
                   .
                   Aristotle
                   takes
                   notice
                   ,
                   that
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   before
                   a
                   Child
                   attains
                   to
                   four
                   years
                   of
                   Age
                   ,
                   he
                   is
                   
                   not
                   capable
                   of
                   dreams
                   .
                   It
                   seems
                   that
                   this
                   ability
                   doth
                   accompany
                   our
                   reason
                   ,
                   and
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   not
                   actively
                   rational
                   ,
                   cannot
                   receive
                   any
                   impressions
                   by
                   dreams
                   .
                   This
                   worthy
                   Philosopher
                   further
                   observes
                   ,
                   that
                   such
                   as
                   seldome
                   have
                   any
                   dreams
                   ,
                   have
                   more
                   reason
                   to
                   mind
                   them
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   esteems
                   them
                   either
                   very
                   propitious
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   fatal
                   Omens
                   
                   of
                   an
                   approaching
                   disease
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   a
                   certain
                   death
                   .
                   It
                   seems
                   the
                   Devil
                   did
                   appear
                   and
                   give
                   Oracles
                   in
                   dreams
                   to
                   those
                   that
                   did
                   consult
                   him
                   .
                   
                     Hom.
                     2.
                     
                     Iliad
                  
                   .
                   
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                    
                     
                       
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                         〈◊〉
                      
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   And
                   Virgil
                   speaking
                   of
                   Faunus
                   ,
                   who
                   held
                   the
                   same
                   esteem
                   and
                   office
                   in
                   Italy
                   as
                   Amphiaraus
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   tells
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Latins
                   
                     
                       
                       Centum
                       lanigeras
                       mactabat
                       rite
                       bidentes
                    
                     
                       Atque
                       harum
                       effultus
                       tergo
                       ,
                       stratisque
                       jac●bat
                    
                     
                       Velleribus
                       ,
                       subita
                       ex
                       alto
                       vox
                       reddita
                       luco
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                   I
                   shall
                   not
                   insist
                   upon
                   this
                   digression
                   ,
                   only
                   we
                   may
                   be
                   certain
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   our
                   deep
                   sleep
                   our
                   Soul
                   is
                   better
                   able
                   to
                   entertain
                   Spirits
                   ,
                   and
                   receive
                   from
                   them
                   information
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   was
                   at
                   such
                   times
                   that
                   Amphiaraus
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   dreaming
                   Gods
                   ,
                   did
                   appear
                   to
                   their
                   Worshippers
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   X.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   Antigone
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   some
                   passages
                   that
                   happened
                   after
                   the
                   War
                   of
                   Thebs
                   .
                
                 
                   CReon
                   freely
                   resigned
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   to
                   Oedipus
                   and
                   his
                   Heirs
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   saw
                   them
                   dead
                   ,
                   he
                   reassumed
                   again
                   the
                   Supreme
                   Authority
                   ,
                   and
                   governed
                   in
                   Thebs
                   as
                   before
                   .
                
                 
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   proclaimed
                   King
                   ,
                   he
                   commanded
                   expresly
                   that
                   none
                   should
                   offer
                   to
                   bury
                   the
                   body
                   of
                   Polynices
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   so
                   impious
                   as
                   to
                   bring
                   an
                   Army
                   of
                   Enemies
                   against
                   his
                   own
                   Country
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   condemned
                   his
                   Carkass
                   to
                   be
                   devoured
                   of
                   the
                   dogs
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Fowls
                   of
                   the
                   Air.
                   But
                   Antigone
                   ,
                   the
                   Sister
                   of
                   this
                   unhappy
                   Prince
                   ,
                   stole
                   secretly
                   away
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   to
                   bury
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   .
                   When
                   the
                   King
                   heard
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   highly
                   incensed
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   knowing
                   who
                   had
                   done
                   this
                   act
                   of
                   humanity
                   ,
                   he
                   gave
                   order
                   that
                   the
                   Body
                   should
                   be
                   pull'd
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   grave
                   ,
                   and
                   again
                   cast
                   to
                   the
                   mercy
                   of
                   the
                   Wild
                   Beasts
                   .
                   She
                   nevertheless
                   was
                   resolved
                   once
                   more
                   to
                   hazard
                   her
                   life
                   ,
                   and
                   venture
                   to
                   bury
                   her
                   dead
                   Brother
                   ;
                   but
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   surprized
                   in
                   the
                   attempt
                   by
                   the
                   Souldiers
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   appointed
                   to
                   watch
                   near
                   the
                   Body
                   :
                   The
                   King
                   therefore
                   in
                   his
                   fury
                   commanded
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   buried
                   alive
                   in
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   which
                   punishment
                   she
                   prevented
                   ,
                   by
                   strangling
                   her self
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   This
                   rigorous
                   proceeding
                   of
                   Creon
                   occasioned
                   much
                   unhappiness
                   and
                   sorrow
                   to
                   his
                   Family
                   ;
                   for
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   his
                   Son
                   Hemon
                   ,
                   who
                   entirely
                   loved
                   Antigone
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   espouse
                   her
                   ,
                   thrust
                   himself
                   through
                   with
                   his
                   Sword
                   ,
                   resolving
                   to
                   accompany
                   her
                   into
                   another
                   World
                   ;
                   and
                   Euridices
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Creon
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   saw
                   her
                   Son
                   dead
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   extremity
                   of
                   her
                   grief
                   she
                   killed
                   her self
                   also
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   delivered
                   of
                   the
                   pain
                   of
                   so
                   great
                   an
                   affliction
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   This
                   was
                   the
                   Subject
                   of
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Tragedies
                   of
                   Sophocles
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   his
                   fancy
                   and
                   expressions
                   were
                   so
                   happy
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Athenians
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   reward
                   ,
                   the
                   Government
                   of
                   Samos
                   .
                   When
                   the
                   Army
                   of
                   Argos
                   fled
                   away
                   ,
                   they
                   left
                   all
                   the
                   fields
                   round
                   about
                   Thebs
                   covered
                   with
                   the
                   dead
                   bodies
                   of
                   their
                   Companions
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   a
                   lamentable
                   sight
                   ,
                   especially
                   because
                   they
                   did
                   believe
                   that
                   the
                   Souls
                   of
                   these
                   wretched
                   Creatures
                   were
                   to
                   languish
                   a
                   long
                   while
                   upon
                   the
                   brim
                   of
                   hell
                   ,
                   before
                   they
                   could
                   be
                   admitted
                   into
                   Charons
                   Boat
                   ,
                   if
                   their
                   bones
                   did
                   remain
                   unburied
                   upon
                   the
                   earth
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   this
                   cause
                   Adrastus
                   was
                   perswaded
                   to
                   dispatch
                   Embassadors
                   to
                   Creon
                   ,
                   to
                   pray
                   him
                   to
                   suffer
                   this
                   last
                   duty
                   to
                   be
                   paid
                   to
                   the
                   Dead
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   could
                   never
                   be
                   entreated
                   by
                   him
                   :
                   Therefore
                   Adrastus
                   being
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   make
                   War
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   desired
                   Theseus
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   then
                   King
                   of
                   Athens
                   ,
                   to
                   lead
                   an
                   Army
                   against
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   force
                   him
                   to
                   suffer
                   the
                   Dead
                   to
                   
                   be
                   buried
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   did
                   ;
                   only
                   the
                   Body
                   of
                   Capaneus
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   struck
                   with
                   the
                   Thunder
                   ,
                   and
                   cursed
                   because
                   of
                   his
                   horrid
                   blasphemies
                   ,
                   was
                   cast
                   aside
                   ,
                   and
                   burnt
                   alone
                   by
                   his
                   Wife
                   Evadne
                   ,
                   who
                   expressed
                   in
                   this
                   occasion
                   her
                   excessive
                   love
                   for
                   him
                   ,
                   for
                   she
                   trim'd
                   her self
                   in
                   her
                   most
                   gaudy
                   and
                   rich
                   apparel
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   cast
                   her self
                   into
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   the
                   flames
                   to
                   be
                   burned
                   and
                   consumed
                   to
                   ashes
                   with
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Evadne
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Iphys
                   ,
                   did
                   love
                   her
                   Husband
                   Capaneus
                   so
                   tenderly
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   
                   resolved
                   to
                   accompany
                   him
                   in
                   death
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   the
                   custom
                   of
                   the
                   Indians
                   in
                   Asia
                   to
                   this
                   day
                   ,
                   to
                   sacrifice
                   and
                   bury
                   the
                   dearest
                   Wives
                   of
                   Princes
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   believe
                   the
                   immortality
                   of
                   the
                   Soul
                   ;
                   they
                   send
                   therefore
                   such
                   persons
                   as
                   have
                   been
                   dear
                   unto
                   them
                   to
                   serve
                   them
                   in
                   another
                   world
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   them
                   company
                   .
                   The
                   Heathens
                   did
                   believe
                   ,
                   that
                   Charon
                   would
                   never
                   suffer
                   such
                   to
                   pass
                   into
                   rest
                   into
                   the
                   Elysian
                   fields
                   ,
                   until
                   their
                   bodies
                   or
                   Reliques
                   were
                   buried
                   in
                   the
                   earth
                   .
                   In
                   such
                   a
                   case
                   they
                   did
                   fancy
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Souls
                   were
                   tossed
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   ,
                   during
                   the
                   space
                   of
                   a
                   hundred
                   years
                   ,
                   upon
                   the
                   banks
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   Acheron
                   ,
                   over
                   which
                   they
                   were
                   to
                   pass
                   into
                   Hell
                   in
                   Charons
                   Boat
                   ,
                   as
                   Virgil
                   observes
                   ,
                   
                     6.
                     
                     Aeneid
                  
                   .
                   when
                   Aeneas
                   descended
                   into
                   Hell
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   Sybil
                   informs
                   him
                   of
                   a
                   wandring
                   multitude
                   of
                   Souls
                   .
                   
                     
                     
                       Haec
                       omnis
                       quam
                       cernis
                       inops
                       ,
                       inhumataque
                       turba
                       est
                       .
                    
                     
                       Portitor
                       ille
                       Charon
                       :
                       hi
                       ,
                       quos
                       vehit
                       unda
                       ,
                       sepulti
                       .
                    
                     
                       Nec
                       ripas
                       datur
                       horrendas
                       nec
                       rauca
                       fluenta
                    
                     
                       Transportare
                       prius
                       ,
                       quam
                       sedibus
                       ossa
                       quierunt
                       .
                    
                     
                       Centum
                       errant
                       annos
                       volitantque
                       haec
                       littora
                       circum
                       .
                    
                     
                       Tum
                       demum
                       admissi
                       stagna
                       exoptata
                       revisunt
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                   It
                   was
                   therefore
                   esteemed
                   a
                   cruelty
                   beyond
                   expression
                   ,
                   to
                   deny
                   to
                   the
                   dead
                   a
                   burial
                   ;
                   for
                   this
                   
                   cause
                   all
                   great
                   Commanders
                   were
                   very
                   careful
                   ,
                   after
                   a
                   battel
                   ,
                   to
                   inter
                   the
                   bodies
                   of
                   their
                   Souldiers
                   that
                   had
                   lost
                   their
                   lives
                   in
                   their
                   quarrels
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   read
                   in
                   the
                   Commentaries
                   of
                   Caesar
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   Livius
                   .
                   And
                   Curtius
                   observes
                   how
                   Alexander
                   did
                   encourage
                   his
                   men
                   to
                   fight
                   for
                   him
                   after
                   the
                   Battel
                   at
                   the
                   River
                   Granicus
                   ,
                   by
                   causing
                   the
                   Dead
                   to
                   be
                   buried
                   with
                   solemnity
                   and
                   pomp
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Images
                   to
                   be
                   erected
                   as
                   eternal
                   Memorials
                   of
                   their
                   Valour
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XI
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Tantalus
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Pelops
                   his
                   Son.
                   
                
                 
                   VVHiles
                   the
                   Thebans
                   and
                   the
                   men
                   of
                   Argos
                   were
                   at
                   variance
                   ,
                   Tantalus
                   and
                   his
                   Posterity
                   were
                   afflicted
                   with
                   many
                   
                   sensible
                   evils
                   .
                   The
                   horrid
                   impiety
                   of
                   this
                   Prince
                   was
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   them
                   ;
                   for
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Sons
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   the
                   Gods
                   at
                   a
                   certain
                   time
                   passing
                   over
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   did
                   him
                   the
                   honour
                   to
                   lodge
                   with
                   him
                   in
                   his
                   Palace
                   .
                   Being
                   therefore
                   obliged
                   to
                   treat
                   them
                   at
                   supper
                   ,
                   he
                   caused
                   the
                   members
                   of
                   his
                   Son
                   Pelops
                   to
                   be
                   cut
                   in
                   pieces
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   be
                   prepared
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   eat
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   try
                   whether
                   they
                   would
                   perceive
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   whether
                   they
                   were
                   really
                   Gods.
                   
                
                 
                   Ceres
                   was
                   deceived
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   for
                   being
                   extreme
                   hungry
                   she
                   eat
                   up
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   shoulders
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   company
                   did
                   abominate
                   this
                   cruel
                   Feast
                   ;
                   therefore
                   in
                   compassion
                   of
                   the
                   young
                   Prince
                   they
                   restored
                   him
                   to
                   life
                   again
                   ;
                   for
                   Mercurius
                   went
                   down
                   into
                   Hell
                   to
                   fetch
                   from
                   thence
                   his
                   Soul
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   his
                   members
                   were
                   restored
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   established
                   in
                   their
                   right
                   place
                   ,
                   only
                   in
                   lieu
                   of
                   his
                   shoulder
                   which
                   had
                   been
                   eaten
                   ,
                   they
                   gave
                   one
                   of
                   Ivory
                   ,
                   which
                   had
                   the
                   virtue
                   of
                   healing
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   diseases
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   Tantalus
                   was
                   punisht
                   for
                   his
                   cruelty
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   condemned
                   to
                   Hell
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   there
                   tortured
                   with
                   a
                   continual
                   appetite
                   of
                   hunger
                   and
                   thirst
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   waters
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   plenty
                   of
                   all
                   varieties
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   fly
                   from
                   him
                   when
                   he
                   did
                   endeavour
                   to
                   catch
                   at
                   them
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   said
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   Book
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   Daughter
                   Niobe
                   perisht
                   also
                   miserably
                   because
                   of
                   her
                   vanity
                   and
                   pride
                   ,
                   for
                   having
                   a
                   great
                   number
                   of
                   children
                   ;
                   she
                   did
                   prefer
                   
                   her self
                   to
                   Latona
                   ;
                   therefore
                   Apollo
                   and
                   Diana
                   destroyed
                   all
                   her
                   Children
                   with
                   Arrows
                   ,
                   except
                   one
                   named
                   Cloris
                   ,
                   which
                   affliction
                   cast
                   her
                   into
                   a
                   Consumption
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   regret
                   and
                   displeasure
                   did
                   dry
                   her
                   up
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   the
                   Poets
                   have
                   taken
                   occasion
                   to
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Rock
                   .
                
                 
                   Pelops
                   left
                   Phrygia
                   ,
                   and
                   departed
                   into
                   Greece
                   ,
                   to
                   go
                   to
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   of
                   Elis
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   fell
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   Hippodamia
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Oenomaüs
                   :
                   But
                   this
                   King
                   having
                   understood
                   by
                   the
                   Oracles
                   ,
                   that
                   his
                   Son-in-law
                   should
                   be
                   one
                   day
                   cause
                   of
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   he
                   would
                   never
                   venture
                   to
                   give
                   his
                   Daughter
                   to
                   any
                   man
                   ,
                   but
                   upon
                   this
                   condition
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   first
                   overcome
                   him
                   in
                   a
                   Chariot-Race
                   ,
                   or
                   loose
                   his
                   life
                   .
                
                 
                   Pelops
                   was
                   not
                   frighted
                   with
                   the
                   danger
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   undertook
                   to
                   run
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   not
                   miss
                   of
                   his
                   purpose
                   ,
                   he
                   won
                   the
                   Coach-man
                   of
                   Oenomaüs
                   ,
                   named
                   Myrtilus
                   ,
                   with
                   many
                   golden
                   promises
                   ,
                   and
                   oblig'd
                   him
                   to
                   disorder
                   the
                   Axle-tree
                   of
                   the
                   Chariot
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   manner
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   broke
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   the
                   course
                   :
                   The
                   poor
                   Oenomaüs
                   fell
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   killed
                   himself
                   .
                   After
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   
                   Pelops
                   took
                   the
                   Government
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   with
                   his
                   Daughter
                   Hippodamia
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   a
                   short
                   time
                   he
                   grew
                   to
                   be
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   Illustrious
                   Princes
                   of
                   his
                   Age.
                   From
                   him
                   the
                   Peloponessus
                   ,
                   called
                   now
                   Morea
                   ,
                   is
                   so
                   named
                   .
                   Nevertheless
                   he
                   was
                   very
                   unhappy
                   in
                   his
                   Children
                   ,
                   Atreus
                   and
                   Thyestes
                   ,
                   although
                   Agamemnon
                   
                   and
                   Menelaus
                   ,
                   the
                   Sons
                   of
                   Atreus
                   ,
                   were
                   the
                   most
                   famous
                   men
                   of
                   that
                   time
                   .
                   But
                   these
                   particulars
                   we
                   may
                   take
                   notice
                   of
                   in
                   the
                   following
                   Chapters
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Tantalus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Nymph
                   Plote
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   some
                   say
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Aethon
                   ,
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Anthemoissa
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Lycus
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   some
                   do
                   relate
                   ,
                   to
                   Euryanissa
                   the
                   fair
                   ,
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Taygetes
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Pleiades
                   :
                   He
                   had
                   two
                   Sons
                   ,
                   Broteas
                   and
                   Pelops
                   ,
                   and
                   an
                   only
                   Girl
                   called
                   Niobe
                   .
                   He
                   is
                   noted
                   for
                   his
                   indiscretion
                   in
                   discourse
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   revealed
                   all
                   the
                   secrets
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   his
                   
                   unseasonable
                   curiosity
                   ,
                   that
                   moved
                   him
                   to
                   an
                   inhumane
                   act
                   ,
                   massacred
                   his
                   own
                   Son
                   Pelops
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   restored
                   to
                   life
                   again
                   ;
                   and
                   instead
                   of
                   a
                   shoulder
                   of
                   flesh
                   eaten
                   by
                   Ceres
                   ,
                   the
                   Gods
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   him
                   an
                   Ivory
                   shoulder
                   .
                   In
                   remembrance
                   of
                   this
                   favour
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   Race
                   of
                   Pelops
                   did
                   bear
                   an
                   Ivory
                   shoulder
                   blazoned
                   in
                   their
                   Coat
                   of
                   Arms.
                   But
                   Tantalus
                   was
                   sent
                   down
                   to
                   Hell
                   to
                   be
                   punisht
                   with
                   want
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   the
                   fear
                   of
                   a
                   falling
                   Rock
                   that
                   was
                   placed
                   over
                   his
                   head
                   ;
                   besides
                   the
                   Eumenides
                   did
                   continually
                   wait
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   to
                   disturb
                   his
                   quiet
                   with
                   their
                   grim
                   looks
                   ,
                   and
                   fearful
                   bawlings
                   .
                   This
                   intimates
                   the
                   grievous
                   and
                   troublesome
                   estate
                   of
                   a
                   Conscience
                   wounded
                   with
                   a
                   crying
                   sin
                   :
                   The
                   Furies
                   of
                   Hell
                   cannot
                   be
                   more
                   unpleasant
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   company
                   bring
                   more
                   torment
                   ,
                   than
                   a
                   Soul
                   awakened
                   with
                   the
                   sense
                   of
                   a
                   crime
                   .
                
                 
                   Pelops
                   his
                   Son
                   is
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   a
                   great
                   Favourite
                   
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   excel
                   in
                   beauty
                   ▪
                   and
                   had
                   served
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   in
                   presenting
                   
                   unto
                   them
                   the
                   Cup
                   at
                   a
                   Supper
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   restored
                   him
                   to
                   life
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   desired
                   Hippodamia
                   in
                   Marriage
                   ,
                   Neptunus
                   furnisht
                   him
                   with
                   four
                   brave
                   Horses
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Chariot
                   ,
                   to
                   run
                   for
                   his
                   Mistress
                   with
                   her
                   cruel
                   Father
                   .
                   He
                   
                   was
                   m
                   re
                   happy
                   than
                   the
                   former
                   Wiers
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   treachery
                   of
                   Myrtilus
                   the
                   Coachman
                   of
                   Aenomaus
                   ;
                   for
                   this
                   Varlet
                   being
                   corrupted
                   by
                   the
                   promises
                   of
                   Hippodamia
                   ,
                   who
                   desired
                   passionately
                   Pelops
                   for
                   her
                   Husband
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   the
                   perswasions
                   of
                   Pelops
                   himself
                   ,
                   he
                   betrayed
                   his
                   Masters
                   life
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   he
                   was
                   cursed
                   by
                   Oenomaus
                   ,
                   
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   expire
                   .
                   It
                   happened
                   afterwards
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   desired
                   ;
                   Myrtilus
                   for
                   a
                   supposed
                   crime
                   was
                   cast
                   headlong
                   from
                   a
                   high
                   R●ck
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   and
                   left
                   his
                   name
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   .
                   Thus
                   the
                   perfidious
                   Myrtilus
                   was
                   rewarded
                   by
                   th
                   se
                   who
                   did
                   owe
                   unto
                   him
                   their
                   lives
                   and
                   satisfactions
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   usual
                   to
                   see
                   Treasons
                   in
                   request
                   ,
                   but
                   Traytors
                   were
                   never
                   beloved
                   ,
                   nor
                   trusted
                   by
                   any
                   .
                   That
                   Roman
                   Damosel
                   that
                   betrayed
                   a
                   gate
                   of
                   Rome
                   to
                   the
                   Sabins
                   ,
                   was
                   buried
                   alive
                   under
                   their
                   Bucklers
                   ,
                   by
                   them
                   who
                   did
                   detest
                   her
                   crime
                   ,
                   although
                   they
                   did
                   receive
                   an
                   advantage
                   by
                   it
                   .
                   Bajazet
                   and
                   Tamerlane
                   did
                   commonly
                   execute
                   Traytors
                   ,
                   and
                   hang
                   them
                   up
                   with
                   their
                   rewards
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Poets
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   Oenomaus
                   was
                   so
                   
                   cruel
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   kill
                   twelve
                   or
                   thirteen
                   young
                   Gallants
                   that
                   came
                   to
                   seek
                   his
                   Daughter
                   in
                   Marriage
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   ünhappily
                   overcom●
                   them
                   
                   in
                   the
                   Race
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   dispatch
                   them
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   sight
                   without
                   mercy
                   .
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   running
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   his
                   custome
                   to
                   throw
                   at
                   them
                   his
                   Lance
                   ,
                   and
                   kill
                   them
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   sooner
                   overtake
                   them
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   oblige
                   them
                   
                   to
                   carry
                   ●ith
                   them
                   his
                   Daughter
                   Hippodamia
                   in
                   the
                   Chariot
                   .
                   Pelops
                   was
                   more
                   happy
                   than
                   the
                   rest
                   ;
                   therefore
                   the
                   River
                   Alpheus
                   came
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   currant
                   ,
                   to
                   crown
                   him
                   with
                   Lawrels
                   after
                   his
                   Victory
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   His
                   Sister
                   was
                   Niobe
                   ;
                   she
                   espoused
                   Amphion
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   him
                   had
                   ten
                   Sons
                   ;
                   some
                   say
                   seven
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   many
                   Daughters
                   ;
                   but
                   because
                   she
                   was
                   so
                   vain-glorious
                   as
                   to
                   say
                   
                     
                       
                       —
                       Cur
                       calitur
                       Latona
                       per
                       aras
                       ?
                    
                     
                       Numen
                       adhuc
                       sine
                       thuie
                       meum
                       est
                       ,
                       &c.
                       
                    
                  
                   And
                   
                     
                       Quoquo
                       modo
                       audetis
                       g●ni●am
                       Titanida
                       Coeo
                    
                     
                       Latonam
                       praeferre
                       mihi
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   She
                   was
                   deprived
                   of
                   all
                   her
                   Children
                   ,
                   the
                   Men
                   being
                   massacred
                   by
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Maids
                   by
                   Diana
                   ,
                   who
                   left
                   only
                   Cloris
                   alive
                   .
                   Some
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   her
                   grief
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   cast
                   her self
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   from
                   a
                   Rock
                   that
                   did
                   bear
                   her
                   name
                   ,
                   
                   upon
                   the
                   Coast
                   of
                   
                     Greece
                     .
                     Ovid
                  
                   calls
                   her
                   Mygdonia
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   her
                   Image
                   that
                   did
                   stand
                   in
                   the
                   Town
                   of
                   Sipylus
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Mount
                   Mygdonia
                   .
                   
                     
                       N●nc
                       quoque
                       Mygdonia
                       flebilis
                       astat
                       humo
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Atreus
                   and
                   Thyestes
                   .
                
                 
                   THese
                   two
                   Brethren
                   have
                   given
                   occasion
                   to
                   many
                   Tragedies
                   ,
                   which
                   proceeded
                   from
                   an
                   irreconcilable
                   hatred
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   bear
                   to
                   one
                   another
                   :
                   For
                   Thyestes
                   having
                   no
                   other
                   intent
                   but
                   to
                   vex
                   Atreus
                   ,
                   defiled
                   his
                   Bed
                   with
                   Adultery
                   and
                   Incest
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   saved
                   himself
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   reach
                   .
                   And
                   Atreus
                   surprized
                   the
                   sons
                   of
                   Thyestes
                   ,
                   and
                   got
                   them
                   all
                   into
                   his
                   power
                   :
                   Then
                   he
                   sent
                   unto
                   him
                   to
                   invite
                   him
                   to
                   a
                   Feast
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   to
                   end
                   all
                   their
                   differences
                   ,
                   and
                   reconcile
                   themselves
                   together
                   .
                   Thyestes
                   perswaded
                   with
                   the
                   desire
                   of
                   seeing
                   his
                   Children
                   ,
                   came
                   readily
                   to
                   the
                   Feast
                   :
                   But
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   both
                   risen
                   from
                   the
                   Table
                   ,
                   Atreus
                   shewed
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   sad
                   Spectacle
                   of
                   their
                   hands
                   and
                   heads
                   chopt
                   off
                   ,
                   telling
                   him
                   also
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   fed
                   at
                   supper
                   only
                   upon
                   their
                   flesh
                   .
                   The
                   Poets
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Sun
                   was
                   eclipsed
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   return
                   back
                   towards
                   its
                   rising
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   might
                   not
                   behold
                   such
                   a
                   detestable
                   cruelty
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   as
                   one
                   Crime
                   draws
                   after
                   it
                   another
                   ;
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   Aegistus
                   ,
                   the
                   Bastard
                   Son
                   of
                   Thyestes
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   reckoned
                   amongst
                   the
                   Dead
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   cast
                   away
                   in
                   a
                   Wood
                   ,
                   satisfied
                   his
                   Fathers
                   vengeance
                   ,
                   by
                   spilling
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   Atreus
                   .
                   This
                   Aegistus
                   
                   was
                   so
                   named
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   brought
                   up
                   and
                   nourished
                   by
                   Goats
                   .
                   He
                   having
                   therefore
                   espoused
                   his
                   Fathers
                   quarrel
                   ,
                   he
                   massacred
                   Agamemnon
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Atreus
                   ,
                   at
                   his
                   return
                   from
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   his
                   Wife
                   Clytemnestra
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   perswaded
                   to
                   consent
                   to
                   the
                   murder
                   of
                   her
                   Husband
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   shall
                   in
                   another
                   place
                   take
                   notice
                   how
                   Orestes
                   revenged
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   Agamemnon
                   ,
                   in
                   killing
                   Aegistus
                   ,
                   and
                   Clytemnestra
                   his
                   own
                   Mother
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   had
                   been
                   so
                   perfidious
                   and
                   wicked
                   as
                   to
                   imbrue
                   her
                   hands
                   in
                   her
                   Husbands
                   blood
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   hatred
                   of
                   these
                   two
                   Brothers
                   caused
                   many
                   horrid
                   Villanies
                   to
                   be
                   committed
                   by
                   them
                   and
                   their
                   Children
                   .
                   Thyestes
                   to
                   displease
                   and
                   affront
                   his
                   Brother
                   Atreus
                   ,
                   debaucht
                   his
                   Wife
                   Aerope
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   had
                   two
                   Bastards
                   ,
                   Tantalus
                   
                   and
                   Plistenes
                   .
                   When
                   Atreus
                   came
                   to
                   understand
                   who
                   was
                   their
                   Father
                   ,
                   he
                   caused
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   roasted
                   ,
                   and
                   given
                   to
                   Thyestes
                   to
                   eat
                   ,
                   at
                   a
                   great
                   banquet
                   unto
                   which
                   he
                   was
                   invited
                   .
                   He
                   found
                   some
                   way
                   to
                   escape
                   out
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Brothers
                   power
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   departed
                   to
                   King
                   Thesprotus
                   ;
                   and
                   from
                   him
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   Sicyone
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   had
                   placed
                   his
                   Daughter
                   Pelopia
                   .
                   He
                   found
                   her
                   sacrificing
                   to
                   Minerva
                   ,
                   and
                   dancing
                   about
                   her
                   Altar
                   ,
                   but
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   she
                   had
                   stained
                   her
                   cloaths
                   with
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   the
                   Victim
                   ;
                   therefore
                   in
                   the
                   night
                   she
                   went
                   do
                   vn
                   to
                   a
                   River
                   alone
                   to
                   wash
                   them
                   .
                   Her
                   Father
                   Thyestes
                   
                   followed
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   got
                   her
                   with-child
                   ,
                   but
                   she
                   secretly
                   convey'd
                   his
                   Sword
                   away
                   .
                   About
                   that
                   time
                   ●t
                   grievous
                   Famine
                   afflicted
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   which
                   the
                   Sooth-sayers
                   imputed
                   to
                   the
                   cruelty
                   of
                   Atreus
                   ,
                   advising
                   him
                   to
                   be
                   reconciled
                   to
                   his
                   Brother
                   .
                   He
                   hearkned
                   to
                   their
                   counsel
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   seek
                   him
                   out
                   in
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   of
                   Thesprotus
                   ,
                   but
                   meeting
                   there
                   with
                   Pelopia
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   thought
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Kings
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   he
                   desired
                   her
                   in
                   marriage
                   ,
                   and
                   brought
                   her
                   to
                   his
                   home
                   ,
                   where
                   she
                   was
                   delivered
                   of
                   Aegistus
                   :
                   And
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   her
                   Fathers
                   Bastard
                   ,
                   she
                   desired
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   be
                   cast
                   away
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   not
                   live
                   to
                   reproach
                   unto
                   her
                   her
                   shame
                   :
                   But
                   Atreus
                   not
                   knowing
                   the
                   mystery
                   ,
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   be
                   s●er●tly
                   nourished
                   with
                   Agamemnon
                   and
                   Menelaus
                   his
                   children
                   .
                   It
                   happened
                   that
                   in
                   process
                   of
                   time
                   ,
                   Atreus
                   having
                   surprized
                   Thyestes
                   consulting
                   the
                   Oracle
                   of
                   Apollo
                   how
                   to
                   revenge
                   himself
                   ,
                   be
                   sent
                   unto
                   him
                   Aegistus
                   to
                   kill
                   him
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   Father
                   dise
                   vered
                   the
                   Son
                   by
                   the
                   Sword
                   that
                   his
                   Daughter
                   had
                   stole
                   from
                   him
                   near
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   stuck
                   it
                   into
                   his
                   Bowels
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   command
                   to
                   revenge
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   done
                   by
                   Aegistus
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   kill'd
                   Atreus
                   whiles
                   he
                   was
                   sacrificing
                   ,
                   and
                   rejoycing
                   at
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   his
                   Brother
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   Poets
                   〈◊〉
                   inform
                   us
                   of
                   the
                   first
                   cause
                   of
                   these
                   Tragedies
                   and
                   fatal
                   discords
                   :
                   They
                   say
                   it
                   was
                   because
                   Pelops
                   offered
                   to
                   drown
                   Myrtilus
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Mercurius
                   ;
                   therefore
                   this
                   God
                   in
                   revenge
                   ,
                   kindled
                   such
                   flames
                   of
                   wrath
                   and
                   enmity
                   in
                   the
                   breasts
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   ceased
                   
                   not
                   till
                   they
                   were
                   both
                   destroyed
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   their
                   Generation
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XIII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Kings
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   THe
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   hath
                   been
                   heretofore
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   famous
                   of
                   
                     Asia
                     minor
                  
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   for
                   its
                   largeness
                   and
                   riches
                   ,
                   as
                   for
                   that
                   Renowned
                   War
                   which
                   it
                   n
                   annag'd
                   against
                   the
                   Army
                   of
                   Greece
                   .
                   It
                   was
                   scituate
                   in
                   Phrygia
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   a
                   Province
                   stretching
                   it self
                   upon
                   the
                   Coast
                   of
                   the
                   Aegean
                   Sea
                   ,
                   near
                   unto
                   the
                   Hellespont
                   ,
                   called
                   now
                   the
                   River
                   of
                   Constantineple
                   ,
                   over
                   against
                   the
                   C●e●s●n●sus
                   of
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   
                   and
                   the
                   Island
                   Tenedos
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   not
                   far
                   distant
                   from
                   it
                   .
                   The
                   River
                   Soamander
                   ,
                   that
                   proceeds
                   from
                   the
                   Mount
                   Ida
                   ,
                   did
                   run
                   by
                   the
                   walls
                   to
                   joyn
                   with
                   the
                   waters
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   
                     Sim
                     is
                  
                   ;
                   both
                   together
                   do
                   empty
                   themselves
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   Promontory
                   called
                   Sigeum
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   who
                   built
                   this
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   commanded
                   there
                   in
                   Chief
                   ,
                   was
                   Dardanius
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Electra
                   and
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   had
                   kill'd
                   his
                   Brother
                   Jasius
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   fly
                   away
                   ,
                   and
                   secure
                   himself
                   in
                   Phrygia
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   espoused
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   King
                   Teucer
                   ,
                   with
                   whom
                   he
                   joyntly
                   reigned
                   in
                   that
                   Country
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   sometimes
                   named
                   T●ucria
                   ,
                   and
                   sometimes
                   Dardania
                   :
                   The
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   did
                   also
                   bear
                   the
                   same
                   name
                   .
                   In
                   
                   the
                   time
                   that
                   Moses
                   left
                   the
                   leading
                   of
                   the
                   People
                   of
                   Israel
                   to
                   Joshua
                   ,
                   about
                   700
                   years
                   before
                   the
                   building
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   650
                   years
                   after
                   the
                   first
                   Foundations
                   of
                   the
                   Assyrian
                   Monarchy
                   .
                
                 
                   Dardanus
                   left
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   to
                   his
                   Son
                   Erichthonius
                   ,
                   who
                   begot
                   Tros
                   :
                   When
                   he
                   was
                   possest
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   he
                   called
                   the
                   City
                   
                   after
                   his
                   own
                   name
                   Troja
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Country
                   round
                   about
                   was
                   named
                   Troas
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Tros
                   had
                   several
                   sons
                   ,
                   first
                   Ganimedes
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   ravisht
                   by
                   
                     Jupiter
                     ;
                     Assaracus
                  
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   Capys
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   was
                   Anchises
                   the
                   Favourite
                   of
                   Venus
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   by
                   him
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   born
                   upon
                   the
                   banks
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   Simois
                   :
                   But
                   the
                   chief
                   of
                   his
                   Children
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Heir
                   of
                   his
                   Crown
                   was
                   Ilus
                   ,
                   who
                   gave
                   unto
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   Ilium
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   mightily
                   enriched
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Laomedon
                   succeeded
                   Ilus
                   his
                   Father
                   ;
                   it
                   was
                   ●e
                   that
                   built
                   the
                   walls
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   Apollo
                   and
                   of
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   noted
                   in
                   the
                   fifth
                   Chapter
                   of
                   the
                   former
                   Book
                   .
                   He
                   had
                   promised
                   unto
                   them
                   with
                   an
                   Oath
                   a
                   certain
                   reward
                   for
                   their
                   labour
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   unworthy
                   afterwards
                   as
                   to
                   refuse
                   it
                   ,
                   which
                   caused
                   them
                   to
                   afflict
                   him
                   with
                   many
                   diseases
                   :
                   So
                   that
                   to
                   satisfie
                   them
                   he
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   expose
                   his
                   own
                   Daughter
                   Hesione
                   to
                   be
                   devoured
                   of
                   the
                   Sea-Monsters
                   .
                   We
                   have
                   also
                   taken
                   notice
                   how
                   he
                   treated
                   with
                   Hercules
                   to
                   deliver
                   her
                   from
                   the
                   danger
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   he
                   dealt
                   treacherously
                   
                   also
                   with
                   him
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   done
                   formerly
                   with
                   Neptunus
                   and
                   Apollo
                   :
                   But
                   it
                   proved
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   his
                   ruine
                   ;
                   for
                   Hercules
                   gathered
                   together
                   the
                   Forces
                   of
                   his
                   Friends
                   ,
                   especially
                   of
                   Telamon
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Salamis
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   Ajax
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   besieged
                   this
                   Traytor
                   Laomedon
                   .
                   He
                   put
                   him
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   and
                   carried
                   away
                   all
                   his
                   wealth
                   ,
                   with
                   Hesione
                   his
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Telamon
                   .
                   His
                   Son
                   also
                   was
                   taken
                   and
                   made
                   prisoner
                   ,
                   but
                   his
                   Subjects
                   redeemed
                   him
                   ;
                   and
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   called
                   Priam
                   ,
                   which
                   in
                   Greek
                   signifies
                   a
                   Redeemed
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Priam
                   saw
                   himself
                   established
                   in
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   he
                   began
                   to
                   enlarge
                   his
                   Dominions
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   render
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   far
                   more
                   famous
                   than
                   ever
                   it
                   was
                   before
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   rebuilt
                   all
                   the
                   walls
                   ,
                   adorning
                   them
                   with
                   Forts
                   and
                   Bastions
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   then
                   called
                   Pergama
                   .
                
                 
                   His
                   Wives
                   name
                   was
                   Hecuba
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Thracia
                   ;
                   she
                   had
                   by
                   him
                   several
                   Children
                   ,
                   
                     Hector
                     ,
                     Polites
                     ,
                     Deïphobe
                     ,
                     Helenus
                  
                   the
                   Soothsayer
                   ,
                   
                     Troïlus
                     ,
                     Paris
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Polydorus
                     :
                     Polyxene
                     ,
                     Cassandra
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Creüsa
                   were
                   his
                   Daughters
                   :
                   His
                   Court
                   and
                   Palace
                   were
                   full
                   of
                   pomp
                   and
                   glory
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   lived
                   in
                   this
                   prosperous
                   estate
                   many
                   years
                   :
                   But
                   at
                   last
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   unhappy
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   behold
                   with
                   his
                   own
                   eyes
                   the
                   desolation
                   and
                   utter
                   ruine
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   that
                   lasted
                   only
                   three
                   hundred
                   years
                   .
                   We
                   shall
                   see
                   how
                   this
                   change
                   came
                   to
                   pass
                   .
                
                 
                 
                 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   Laomedon
                   had
                   eight
                   Children
                   ▪
                   〈…〉
                   
                   Daughters
                   ;
                   
                     Lampus
                     ,
                     Clitio
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   〈…〉
                   mentioned
                   by
                   
                     Homerus
                     ;
                     〈…〉
                     Priamus
                     Antigone
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   〈…〉
                   remarkable
                   .
                   Their
                   〈…〉
                   perjury
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   any
                   of
                   〈…〉
                   faithful
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   〈…〉
                   Laomedon
                   .
                
                 
                   Antigone
                   had
                   such
                   a
                   rare
                   beauty
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   preferred
                   her self
                   to
                   Juno
                   ,
                   who
                   changed
                   her
                   into
                   a
                   Stork
                   .
                
                 
                   Titonus
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Aurora
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   the
                   brave
                   Champion
                   of
                   
                     Aegypt
                     Memnon
                  
                   was
                   born
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Priam
                   succeeded
                   his
                   Father
                   Laomedon
                   :
                   Of
                   Hecuba
                   he
                   had
                   nineteen
                   Children
                   .
                   Whiles
                   he
                   remained
                   in
                   peace
                   ,
                   and
                   espoused
                   not
                   the
                   quarrels
                   of
                   the
                   Asian
                   people
                   against
                   Greece
                   ,
                   he
                   prospered
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   flourished
                   mightily
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   engaged
                   himself
                   in
                   the
                   publick
                   enmity
                   of
                   his
                   Country
                   ,
                   and
                   suffered
                   Paris
                   to
                   affront
                   the
                   Grecians
                   ,
                   he
                   brought
                   upon
                   himself
                   and
                   his
                   Subjects
                   utter
                   ruine
                   and
                   destruction
                   ,
                   as
                   Herodotus
                   takes
                   notice
                   .
                   But
                   of
                   him
                   hereafter
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XIV
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   Paris
                   .
                
                 
                   VVHen
                   Hecuba
                   was
                   with-child
                   of
                   Paris
                   ,
                   called
                   otherwise
                   Alexander
                   ,
                   she
                   dream't
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   bringing
                   into
                   the
                   world
                   a
                   Firebrand
                   ,
                   that
                   should
                   kindle
                   the
                   flames
                   of
                   
                   War
                   in
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   and
                   cause
                   a
                   general
                   destruction
                   in
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   this
                   cause
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   born
                   ,
                   Priam
                   delivered
                   him
                   into
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   a
                   Souldier
                   ,
                   named
                   Arch●laus
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   cast
                   him
                   away
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   to
                   be
                   devoured
                   of
                   the
                   wild
                   beasts
                   ,
                   and
                   prevent
                   the
                   mischief
                   that
                   did
                   threaten
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   the
                   Mother
                   seeing
                   a
                   Child
                   so
                   well
                   shapt
                   and
                   beautiful
                   ,
                   she
                   was
                   moved
                   with
                   compassion
                   for
                   it
                   ;
                   therefore
                   she
                   caused
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   secretly
                   nourished
                   by
                   Shepherds
                   in
                   Mount
                   Ida.
                   This
                   mean
                   Education
                   did
                   not
                   take
                   from
                   him
                   the
                   generous
                   qualities
                   and
                   inclinations
                   which
                   he
                   had
                   borrowed
                   from
                   his
                   Illustrious
                   Birth
                   ,
                   for
                   in
                   every
                   occasion
                   he
                   did
                   make
                   a
                   great
                   Courage
                   ,
                   Prudence
                   ,
                   and
                   Justice
                   ,
                   Virtues
                   worthy
                   of
                   a
                   Prince
                   ,
                   appear
                   to
                   the
                   world
                   .
                   So
                   that
                   
                     Juno
                     ,
                     Pallas
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Venus
                   ,
                   agreed
                   to
                   chuse
                   him
                   the
                   sole
                   Arbitrator
                   and
                   Judge
                   of
                   their
                   Concerns
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   difference
                   between
                   them
                   .
                   This
                   was
                   the
                   business
                   ,
                   At
                   the
                   Nuptials
                   of
                   Peleus
                   and
                   Thesis
                   ,
                   whiles
                   these
                   Goddesses
                   were
                   merry
                   at
                   the
                   Feast
                   ,
                   the
                   Goddess
                   of
                   Discord
                   cast
                   into
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   the
                   Company
                   a
                   Golden
                   Apple
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   Inscription
                   ;
                   
                     For
                     the
                     fairest
                     and
                     most
                     Beautiful
                     .
                  
                   Each
                   of
                   these
                   did
                   claim
                   it
                   as
                   their
                   own
                   ;
                   and
                   because
                   they
                   could
                   not
                   agree
                   ,
                   they
                   resolved
                   to
                   leave
                   it
                   to
                   the
                   judgment
                   of
                   Paris
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   corrupted
                   with
                   the
                   charms
                   of
                   Venus
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   her
                   promises
                   ;
                   for
                   she
                   had
                   engaged
                   to
                   procure
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   handsomest
                   Lady
                   of
                   the
                   World-Thus
                   
                   he
                   despised
                   the
                   Riches
                   of
                   Juno
                   ,
                   the
                   Wisdom
                   of
                   Pallas
                   ,
                   and
                   pronounced
                   his
                   sentence
                   in
                   favour
                   of
                   Venus
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   provoked
                   the
                   wrath
                   of
                   these
                   Goddesses
                   against
                   himself
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   his
                   Nation
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   Meeting
                   he
                   declared
                   who
                   he
                   was
                   ;
                   for
                   the
                   Nobles
                   and
                   Gentry
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   being
                   assembled
                   near
                   the
                   City
                   to
                   see
                   the
                   sport
                   of
                   Wrastling
                   ,
                   when
                   every
                   one
                   did
                   strive
                   to
                   express
                   his
                   strength
                   and
                   courage
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   also
                   go
                   forth
                   ,
                   and
                   laid
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   every
                   one
                   who
                   ventured
                   against
                   him
                   .
                   Hector
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Priam
                   did
                   try
                   his
                   strength
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   also
                   overcome
                   .
                   But
                   this
                   disgrace
                   so
                   inrag'd
                   him
                   against
                   Paris
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   offered
                   to
                   kill
                   him
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   esteemed
                   him
                   no
                   better
                   than
                   a
                   Country
                   Clown
                   .
                   In
                   his
                   anger
                   he
                   had
                   taken
                   away
                   his
                   life
                   ,
                   had
                   not
                   Paris
                   ,
                   to
                   prevent
                   him
                   ,
                   shewn
                   unto
                   him
                   certain
                   small
                   Jewels
                   which
                   Queen
                   Hecuba
                   his
                   Mother
                   had
                   delivered
                   to
                   his
                   Tutor
                   ,
                   and
                   thereby
                   declared
                   unto
                   him
                   how
                   he
                   was
                   his
                   Brother
                   .
                
                 
                   King
                   Priam
                   that
                   had
                   admired
                   his
                   address
                   and
                   courage
                   in
                   the
                   Combats
                   ,
                   was
                   ravisht
                   with
                   joy
                   to
                   understand
                   of
                   the
                   preservation
                   of
                   such
                   an
                   excellent
                   Son
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   imbrac't
                   him
                   ,
                   brought
                   him
                   to
                   his
                   Palace
                   ,
                   and
                   gave
                   him
                   a
                   unto
                   Train
                   suitable
                   to
                   his
                   quality
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   had
                   forgot
                   how
                   the
                   Oracles
                   had
                   foretold
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   the
                   ruine
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   and
                   Country
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   full
                   of
                   generosity
                   and
                   valour
                   ,
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   rest
                   satisfied
                   with
                   the
                   
                   enjoyment
                   of
                   the
                   pleasures
                   of
                   the
                   Court
                   :
                   Therefore
                   he
                   caused
                   a
                   Fleet
                   of
                   twenty
                   Ships
                   to
                   be
                   made
                   ready
                   to
                   sail
                   into
                   Greece
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   demand
                   his
                   Aunt
                   Hesione
                   ,
                   carried
                   away
                   by
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   and
                   married
                   to
                   Telamon
                   :
                   But
                   his
                   design
                   was
                   rather
                   upon
                   Helena
                   ,
                   the
                   Sister
                   of
                   Castor
                   and
                   Pollux
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   fourth
                   Chapter
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   given
                   in
                   Marriage
                   to
                   Menelaus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Sparta
                   ,
                   a
                   City
                   in
                   the
                   Peloponnesus
                   .
                   He
                   set
                   sail
                   and
                   landed
                   at
                   Sparta
                   ,
                   where
                   Menelaus
                   ,
                   perswaded
                   by
                   the
                   intrigues
                   Venus
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   put
                   Paris
                   upon
                   this
                   enterprise
                   ,
                   received
                   him
                   with
                   all
                   expressions
                   of
                   kindness
                   and
                   civility
                   .
                   And
                   when
                   his
                   affairs
                   did
                   require
                   his
                   presence
                   in
                   Crete
                   ,
                   he
                   left
                   him
                   at
                   his
                   Palace
                   in
                   his
                   absence
                   :
                   But
                   the
                   affection
                   of
                   this
                   King
                   was
                   requited
                   with
                   a
                   most
                   notable
                   Treason
                   ;
                   for
                   Paris
                   having
                   secretly
                   made
                   friendship
                   with
                   Helena
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   saw
                   such
                   a
                   favourable
                   opportunity
                   ,
                   he
                   departed
                   with
                   her
                   into
                   Asia
                   ,
                   and
                   carried
                   her
                   to
                   Troy
                   ;
                   although
                   Herodotus
                   saith
                   the
                   contrary
                   .
                   But
                   Dares
                   and
                   Dictys
                   ,
                   two
                   Writers
                   of
                   that
                   time
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   present
                   at
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   do
                   confirm
                   this
                   Relation
                   .
                
                 
                   King
                   Priam
                   was
                   glad
                   of
                   this
                   action
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   hard
                   usage
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   received
                   from
                   the
                   Greeks
                   during
                   his
                   captivity
                   amongst
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   they
                   had
                   cruelly
                   spoiled
                   this
                   City
                   in
                   the
                   Reign
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   Laomedon
                   ;
                   but
                   also
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   hope
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   to
                   recover
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   hands
                   his
                   Sister
                   Hesione
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                   It
                   was
                   the
                   custom
                   of
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   when
                   any
                   strange
                   accident
                   did
                   happen
                   ,
                   to
                   consult
                   the
                   Oracles
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   enquire
                   from
                   them
                   what
                   to
                   do
                   .
                   When
                   Priam
                   understood
                   his
                   Wives
                   dream
                   ,
                   he
                   sent
                   also
                   to
                   take
                   advice
                   from
                   the
                   Oracle
                   ,
                   who
                   informed
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Child
                   would
                   be
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   the
                   Countries
                   ruine
                   .
                   To
                   prevent
                   this
                   mischief
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   designed
                   for
                   the
                   slaughter
                   ,
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   should
                   come
                   into
                   the
                   world
                   ;
                   but
                   Providence
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Mothers
                   compassion
                   ,
                   saved
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   him
                   to
                   Mount
                   Ida
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   Kings
                   Shepherd
                   ,
                   
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   brought
                   up
                   as
                   his
                   Son.
                   He
                   proved
                   as
                   valiant
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   handsome
                   ,
                   but
                   vice
                   overcame
                   his
                   generous
                   disposition
                   .
                   He
                   had
                   two
                   sons
                   by
                   Aenone
                   ,
                   a
                   Nympb
                   of
                   Mount
                   
                     Ida
                     ,
                     Daphnis
                  
                   and
                   Ideas
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   as
                   obscure
                   as
                   their
                   Father
                   was
                   famons
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   at
                   first
                   Renowned
                   for
                   his
                   Justice
                   and
                   civil
                   behaviour
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   pleasures
                   of
                   the
                   Court
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   sudden
                   change
                   of
                   his
                   condition
                   ,
                   altered
                   his
                   temper
                   and
                   carriage
                   so
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   Menelaus
                   had
                   received
                   him
                   with
                   all
                   
                   expressions
                   of
                   kindness
                   ,
                   he
                   rewarded
                   him
                   with
                   ungratitude
                   ;
                   he
                   debaucht
                   his
                   Queen
                   ,
                   rifled
                   his
                   Palace
                   ,
                   plundered
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Argos
                   ,
                   and
                   carried
                   all
                   away
                   Captive
                   ,
                   with
                   Helena
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   her
                   two
                   Ladies
                   of
                   Honour
                   ,
                   Ethra
                   and
                   Pisadia
                   .
                   The
                   Greeks
                   did
                   revenge
                   this
                   affront
                   and
                   unjustice
                   by
                   a
                   most
                   bloody
                   War
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   almo●t
                   all
                   the
                   Children
                   of
                   Priam
                   were
                   kill'd
                   ,
                   and
                   Paris
                   also
                   was
                   mortally
                   wounded
                   by
                   Philoctetes
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   venomous
                   Arrows
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   which
                   had
                   been
                   dipt
                   in
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   the
                   Hydra
                   in
                   a
                   single
                   fight
                   .
                   Oenone
                   his
                   first
                   
                   Wife
                   laboured
                   to
                   cure
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   all
                   her
                   endeavours
                   were
                   in
                   vain
                   .
                   After
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   she
                   had
                   so
                   much
                   love
                   for
                   her
                   unfaithful
                   Husband
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   cast
                   her self
                   in
                   the
                   flames
                   which
                   did
                   consume
                   his
                   Body
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XV.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Grecians
                   Preparations
                   against
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   AGamemnon
                   ,
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Mycene
                   ,
                   a
                   Kingdom
                   of
                   the
                   Peloponesus
                   ,
                   near
                   Argos
                   ,
                   was
                   mightily
                   concerned
                   for
                   the
                   disgrace
                   of
                   Menelaus
                   ;
                   because
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   said
                   in
                   the
                   twelfth
                   Chapter
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   Brethren
                   ,
                   the
                   sons
                   of
                   Atreus
                   ,
                   therefore
                   they
                   were
                   named
                   Atrei●
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   was
                   the
                   cause
                   that
                   oblig'd
                   him
                   to
                   acquaint
                   the
                   Princes
                   of
                   Greece
                   with
                   this
                   notable
                   affront
                   ,
                   which
                   all
                   the
                   Nations
                   had
                   received
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   all
                   agreed
                   to
                   consult
                   about
                   this
                   business
                   ,
                   in
                   two
                   general
                   Assemblies
                   ;
                   which
                   were
                   to
                   meet
                   in
                   Sparta
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   Argos
                   .
                   It
                   was
                   there
                   resolv'd
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   should
                   join
                   all
                   their
                   forces
                   together
                   under
                   the
                   leading
                   of
                   Agamemnon
                   to
                   revenge
                   this
                   disgrace
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   should
                   oblige
                   themselves
                   solemnly
                   by
                   Oath
                   not
                   to
                   forsake
                   the
                   war
                   ,
                   until
                   the
                   men
                   of
                   Troy
                   would
                   submit
                   to
                   Reason
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   of
                   them
                   were
                   unwilling
                   to
                   ingage
                   themselves
                   in
                   this
                   war
                   ,
                   Vlysses
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   ●●ertes
                   and
                   King
                   of
                   〈◊〉
                   and
                   of
                   Dulichia
                   ,
                   
                   two
                   small
                   Islands
                   of
                   the
                   Ionian
                   Sea
                   ,
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   them
                   .
                   He
                   could
                   scarce
                   forsake
                   his
                   Dear
                   Wife
                   ,
                   Penclope
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   Son
                   named
                   Telemachus
                   :
                   His
                   tender
                   affection
                   for
                   her
                   was
                   a
                   tie
                   sufficient
                   to
                   keep
                   him
                   at
                   home
                   :
                   For
                   that
                   reason
                   he
                   did
                   counterfeit
                   a
                   Mad
                   man
                   ,
                   ane
                   did
                   joyn
                   two
                   ridiculous
                   creatures
                   to
                   a
                   plow
                   driving
                   them
                   upon
                   the
                   Sea-shore
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   had
                   sown
                   with
                   salt
                   instead
                   of
                   corn
                   .
                   But
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   both
                   brave
                   and
                   wise
                   in
                   feats
                   of
                   war
                   ,
                   the
                   Grecians
                   would
                   not
                   depart
                   without
                   him
                   .
                   Therefore
                   Palamedes
                   undertook
                   to
                   discover
                   his
                   Knavery
                   ,
                   by
                   means
                   of
                   his
                   young
                   Son
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   had
                   got
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   Penclope
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   laid
                   him
                   down
                   in
                   the
                   way
                   by
                   which
                   the
                   plow
                   was
                   to
                   pass
                   ,
                   when
                   Vlysses
                   perceiv'd
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   turn'd
                   a
                   little
                   aside
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   touching
                   the
                   Babe
                   ,
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   Palamedes
                   discovered
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   mad
                   but
                   in
                   appearance
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   design
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   forc'd
                   to
                   take
                   another
                   resolution
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   in
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy
                   he
                   reveng'd
                   himself
                   upon
                   Palamedes
                   for
                   this
                   discovery
                   ,
                   producing
                   supposed
                   Letters
                   from
                   Priam
                   against
                   him
                   to
                   perswade
                   the
                   Greeks
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   design
                   to
                   betray
                   the
                   Army
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   stoned
                   by
                   the
                   Souldiers
                
                 
                   There
                   was
                   no
                   small
                   difficulty
                   to
                   get
                   also
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Peleus
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Goddesse
                   Thetis
                   .
                   The
                   Destinies
                   had
                   publish't
                   ,
                   that
                   Troy
                   could
                   never
                   be
                   taken
                   without
                   the
                   assistance
                   of
                   this
                   invincible
                   Captain
                   ,
                   from
                   his
                   
                   Infancy
                   ;
                   Thesis
                   had
                   put
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   Patrocles
                   his
                   friend
                   and
                   kinsman
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   study
                   under
                   Chiron
                   the
                   Centaure
                   ,
                   a
                   most
                   accomplished
                   person
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   in
                   Physick
                   and
                   in
                   Musick
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   in
                   all
                   other
                   Sciences
                   and
                   Arts
                   required
                   to
                   render
                   a
                   man
                   fit
                   for
                   great
                   undertakings
                   .
                   Instead
                   of
                   milk
                   and
                   other
                   ordinary
                   food
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   suffer
                   him
                   to
                   eat
                   nothing
                   but
                   the
                   marrow
                   of
                   Lyons
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   wild
                   Beasts
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   courage
                   and
                   strength
                   of
                   these
                   Animals
                   might
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   be
                   nourished
                   in
                   him
                   ;
                   from
                   hence
                   it
                   is
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   judgment
                   of
                   some
                   that
                   he
                   is
                   named
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   because
                   being
                   fed
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   without
                   any
                   common
                   
                   diet
                   he
                   had
                   no
                   Children
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   Thesis
                   carried
                   him
                   into
                   Hell
                   to
                   dip
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   River
                   Styx
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   be
                   invulnerable
                   all
                   over
                   his
                   
                   body
                   ,
                   except
                   his
                   heel
                   ,
                   which
                   she
                   held
                   in
                   her
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   was
                   not
                   dipt
                   :
                   with
                   all
                   this
                   precaution
                   she
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   freed
                   from
                   apprehension
                   ;
                   when
                   the
                   Greek
                   Princes
                   were
                   to
                   meet
                   at
                   the
                   Rendezvous
                   of
                   the
                   Army
                   .
                   Therefore
                   she
                   sent
                   him
                   to
                   the
                   Court
                   of
                   King
                   Lycomides
                   in
                   the
                   habit
                   of
                   a
                   Girl
                   :
                   whiles
                   he
                   did
                   there
                   live
                   as
                   a
                   young
                   Lady
                   ,
                   he
                   fell
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   the
                   fair
                   Deianira
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   Son
                   named
                   Pyrrhus
                   or
                   Neoptolemus
                   :
                   notwithstanding
                   Vlisses
                   found
                   him
                   out
                   ,
                   for
                   when
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   the
                   Palace
                   of
                   Lycomedes
                   ,
                   carrying
                   with
                   him
                   several
                   pretty
                   things
                   for
                   the
                   young
                   Ladies
                   of
                   the
                   Court
                   ;
                   he
                   had
                   amongst
                   them
                   beautiful
                   Armes
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   Achilles
                   being
                   led
                   by
                   nature
                   ,
                   took
                   hold
                   and
                   so
                   discovered
                   himself
                   :
                   
                   when
                   therefore
                   he
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   freed
                   from
                   going
                   with
                   the
                   rest
                   to
                   the
                   War
                   ;
                   Thesis
                   desired
                   Vulcan
                   to
                   make
                   him
                   such
                   defensive
                   Armes
                   as
                   might
                   not
                   be
                   pierced
                   ,
                   to
                   render
                   him
                   more
                   secure
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   dangers
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Haven
                   of
                   Aulis
                   in
                   Beocia
                   over
                   against
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Euhoea
                   ,
                   now
                   named
                   Negrepont
                   was
                   the
                   Rendezvous
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Army
                   ;
                   but
                   they
                   were
                   many
                   years
                   in
                   preparing
                   all
                   things
                   necessary
                   for
                   so
                   great
                   a
                   design
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Fleet
                   was
                   no
                   less
                   than
                   twelve
                   or
                   thirteen
                   hundred
                   Ships
                   .
                   And
                   at
                   last
                   there
                   happened
                   an
                   unfortunate
                   accident
                   that
                   put
                   a
                   stop
                   to
                   the
                   Voyage
                   .
                   Agamemnon
                   the
                   General
                   of
                   the
                   Army
                   had
                   kill'd
                   by
                   chance
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   in
                   Hunting
                   ,
                   a
                   Doe
                   belonging
                   to
                   Diana
                   :
                   This
                   Goddess
                   to
                   revenge
                   her self
                   ,
                   caused
                   a
                   fearful
                   Plague
                   to
                   spread
                   in
                   the
                   Army
                   and
                   destroy
                   great
                   multitudes
                   of
                   Souldiers
                   :
                   The
                   Oracles
                   informed
                   them
                   ▪
                   that
                   there
                   was
                   no
                   other
                   way
                   to
                   stop
                   the
                   increasing
                   Evil
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   appease
                   the
                   Wrath
                   of
                   this
                   Goddess
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   spill
                   upon
                   the
                   Altar
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   
                     Agamemnon
                     .
                     Vlisses
                  
                   understanding
                   the
                   meaning
                   of
                   this
                   Language
                   ,
                   employed
                   his
                   cunning
                   to
                   cause
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   this
                   unfortunate
                   Prince
                   by
                   name
                   Iphigenia
                   to
                   come
                   into
                   the
                   Camp.
                   We
                   may
                   easily
                   imagine
                   in
                   what
                   affliction
                   he
                   was
                   in
                   ,
                   to
                   see
                   his
                   own
                   Chi
                   d
                   whom
                   he
                   tenderly
                   loved
                   with
                   an
                   extreame
                   affection
                   to
                   be
                   led
                   to
                   the
                   slaughter
                   :
                   when
                   the
                   Throat
                   of
                   this
                   Princess
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   be
                   ●ut
                   ,
                   Diana
                   had
                   pitty
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   her
                   Fathers
                   grief
                   ,
                   and
                   therefore
                   she
                   put
                   in
                   her
                   place
                   a
                   she
                   
                   Goat
                   to
                   serve
                   for
                   a
                   Victime
                   and
                   transported
                   this
                   young
                   Lady
                   into
                   her
                   Temple
                   at
                   Tauris
                   in
                   Scythia
                   ,
                   recommending
                   her
                   to
                   the
                   keeping
                   of
                   her
                   great
                   Priest
                   Thoas
                   ,
                   and
                   appointing
                   her
                   to
                   wait
                   upon
                   her
                   Altars
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   ,
                   all
                   things
                   succeeded
                   well
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Voyage
                   proved
                   happy
                   untill
                   they
                   arrived
                   at
                   Troy
                   ,
                   only
                   Telephus
                   King
                   of
                   Misia
                   endeavoured
                   to
                   hinder
                   their
                   passage
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   soon
                   put
                   to
                   flight
                   being
                   desperately
                   wounded
                   with
                   the
                   Lance
                   of
                   Achilles
                   .
                   The
                   Oracle
                   informed
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   only
                   means
                   to
                   appease
                   his
                   grief
                   and
                   the
                   only
                   remedy
                   to
                   his
                   Wounds
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   sought
                   from
                   the
                   Lance
                   that
                   had
                   made
                   them
                   .
                   Therefore
                   he
                   laboured
                   to
                   ingratiate
                   himself
                   with
                   
                     Achill
                     s
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   having
                   been
                   instructed
                   by
                   the
                   great
                   Physitian
                   Chiron
                   knew
                   how
                   to
                   cure
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   sent
                   unto
                   him
                   a
                   Remedy
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   ,
                   there
                   was
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   rust
                   of
                   the
                   Spere
                   which
                   had
                   wounded
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   Herodotus
                   informes
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   expedition
                   against
                   Troy
                   did
                   proceed
                   from
                   an
                   old
                   grudge
                   that
                   the
                   Grecians
                   had
                   against
                   the
                   Asians
                   People
                   which
                   did
                   encourage
                   them
                   to
                   offer
                   affronts
                   to
                   one
                   another
                   .
                   This
                   was
                   the
                   true
                   cause
                   of
                   the
                   Voyage
                   of
                   Hercules
                   and
                   of
                   his
                   fellow
                   Worthies
                   against
                   Laomedon
                   :
                   In
                   revenge
                   ,
                   Paris
                   stole
                   away
                   the
                   Pearl
                   of
                   beauty
                   from
                   the
                   Grecians
                   .
                   They
                   in
                   requital
                   did
                   besiege
                   and
                   sack
                   
                     Troy
                     :
                     Darius
                  
                   and
                   Xerxes
                   the
                   two
                   Emperours
                   of
                   Asia
                   made
                   an
                   i●rode
                   into
                   Graecia
                   to
                   revenge
                   the
                   injuries
                   received
                   from
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   his
                   Kingdoms
                   :
                   
                   many
                   excellent
                   Commanders
                   and
                   stout
                   Souldiers
                   were
                   met
                   together
                   in
                   this
                   Army
                   of
                   
                     Greece
                     .
                     Palamedes
                  
                   was
                   famous
                   for
                   his
                   inventions
                   ▪
                   He
                   was
                   an
                   expert
                   Engineer
                   ,
                   a
                   Learned
                   Mathematician
                   ,
                   
                   a
                   witty
                   Astrologer
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   wise
                   
                     Councellor
                     :
                     Philostrates
                  
                   ascribes
                   to
                   him
                   the
                   invention
                   of
                   money
                   ,
                   of
                   Sun-dials
                   ,
                   of
                   weights
                   ,
                   and
                   measures
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   many
                   other
                   useful
                   things
                   ;
                   he
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Nauplius
                   Prince
                   of
                   Euboea
                   ,
                   mightily
                   envied
                   by
                   Ulisses
                   ,
                   for
                   whil'st
                   he
                   lived
                   ,
                   the
                   latter
                   had
                   little
                   respect
                   shewed
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   by
                   his
                   calumnies
                   he
                   rendred
                   him
                   odious
                   to
                   Agamemnon
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   in
                   the
                   absence
                   of
                   Achilles
                   he
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   be
                   stoned
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   be
                   proclaimed
                   ,
                   that
                   none
                   should
                   offer
                   to
                   bury
                   him
                   :
                   Achilles
                   and
                   Ajax
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   this
                   prohibition
                   ,
                   put
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   his
                   sake
                   ,
                   would
                   not
                   assist
                   the
                   Graecians
                   for
                   a
                   while
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Ulysses
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Anticlia
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Antholycus
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   was
                   going
                   to
                   Prince
                   Lacrtes
                   to
                   whom
                   she
                   had
                   been
                   promised
                   in
                   Marriage
                   ,
                   the
                   famous
                   Robber
                   Sisyphus
                   ravish't
                   her
                   and
                   begot
                   Ulysses
                   ,
                   as
                   Ajax
                   saith
                   in
                   the
                   Metam
                   .
                   of
                   Ovid.
                   l.
                   13.
                   
                   He
                   was
                   not
                   willing
                   to
                   accompany
                   the
                   Greeks
                   in
                   this
                   expedition
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Oracles
                   had
                   foretold
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   dangers
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   run
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   dfficulty
                   of
                   a
                   return
                   :
                   Therefore
                   he
                   did
                   prefer
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   his
                   sweet
                   Penelope
                   to
                   the
                   glory
                   of
                   a
                   famous
                   Victory
                   for
                   which
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   pay
                   so
                   dear
                   .
                   Achilles
                   also
                   fore-seeing
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   end
                   his
                   dayes
                   before
                   Troy
                   ,
                   hid
                   himself
                   in
                   the
                   Court
                   of
                   King
                   Lycomedes
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   S●yro
                   ;
                   But
                   the
                   latter
                   was
                   
                   discovered
                   by
                   Ulysses
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   by
                   Palamedes
                   :
                   Now
                   the
                   reason
                   which
                   did
                   oblige
                   the
                   Grecians
                   to
                   get
                   Achilles
                   with
                   them
                   ,
                   is
                   because
                   the
                   Oracle
                   had
                   declared
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   impossible
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   overcome
                   unless
                   they
                   had
                   in
                   their
                   Army
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   race
                   of
                   Aeacides
                   ,
                   the
                   Arrowes
                   and
                   Bowes
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   and
                   unless
                   they
                   did
                   get
                   into
                   their
                   possession
                   the
                   Horses
                   of
                   Rhesus
                   before
                   they
                   did
                   drink
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   Scamander
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Trojans
                   had
                   likewise
                   three
                   conditions
                   proposed
                   unto
                   them
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   did
                   depend
                   the
                   preservation
                   of
                   their
                   City
                   from
                   ruine
                   :
                   The
                   first
                   was
                   the
                   keeping
                   of
                   the
                   Palladium
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   Pallas
                   .
                   The
                   next
                   was
                   ,
                   the
                   life
                   of
                   Troilus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Priam.
                   The
                   last
                   was
                   ,
                   whiles
                   the
                   Sepulcher
                   of
                   Laomedon
                   did
                   remain
                   untoucht
                   upon
                   the
                   Gate
                   
                     Scaea
                     .
                     Troilus
                  
                   was
                   kill'd
                   by
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   the
                   Palladium
                   was
                   stolen
                   by
                   Ulysses
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Army
                   of
                   Rhesus
                   defeated
                   by
                   Diomedes
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Ulysses
                     ▪
                  
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   Destinies
                   had
                   appointed
                   the
                   taking
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XVI
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   VVHen
                   the
                   Greeks
                   were
                   set
                   down
                   before
                   this
                   strong
                   Place
                   ,
                   they
                   found
                   ,
                   a
                   greater
                   resistance
                   than
                   they
                   had
                   imagined
                   .
                   King
                   Priam
                   had
                   furnished
                   himself
                   with
                   all
                   things
                   necessary
                   for
                   a
                   long
                   Siege
                   ,
                   and
                   Memnon
                   one
                   of
                   their
                   best
                   Commanders
                   of
                   his
                   time
                   ,
                   had
                   brought
                   unto
                   him
                   valiant
                   compagnies
                   
                   of
                   Souldiers
                   from
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Assyria
                   .
                   *
                   And
                   Penthesilea
                   Queen
                   of
                   the
                   Amazons
                   was
                   already
                   arrived
                   with
                   a
                   powerful
                   assistance
                   :
                   Besides
                   Rhesus
                   King
                   of
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   and
                   Sarpedon
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   King
                   of
                   Lycia
                   ,
                   were
                   in
                   their
                   March
                   with
                   a
                   design
                   to
                   joyn
                   with
                   him
                   against
                   ●he
                   Greeks
                   .
                   Also
                   the
                   men
                   of
                   Troy
                   did
                   rep●s●
                   a
                   great
                   deal
                   of
                   trust
                   in
                   their
                   Palladium
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   Minerva
                   fallen
                   from
                   Heaven
                   ;
                   and
                   upon
                   which
                   all
                   their
                   fatallity
                   ,
                   〈◊〉
                   the
                   event
                   of
                   this
                   War
                   did
                   depend
                   ;
                   for
                   〈◊〉
                   Oracles
                   had
                   Proclaimed
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   〈…〉
                   ver
                   be
                   overcome
                   by
                   their
                   Enemies
                   〈…〉
                   could
                   keep
                   it
                   amongst
                   them
                   .
                   The
                   〈…〉
                   since
                   been
                   said
                   to
                   the
                   Romans
                   〈…〉
                   their
                   Ancile
                   ,
                   a
                   little
                   Buckler
                   〈…〉
                   fell
                   down
                   from
                   Heaven
                   in
                   the
                   〈…〉
                   
                     Num●
                     Pompilius
                  
                   .
                   But
                   the
                   grea●●●●●●rt
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   were
                   their
                   enemies
                   ,
                   as
                   Homerus
                   informes
                   us
                   ;
                   for
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   all
                   met
                   together
                   
                   before
                   Jupiter
                   to
                   consult
                   about
                   this
                   business
                   they
                   could
                   never
                   agree
                   ,
                   their
                   Disputes
                   were
                   so
                   hot
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   was
                   at
                   first
                   cause
                   to
                   imagine
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   would
                   end
                   in
                   a
                   personal
                   
                   fight
                   .
                   Apollo
                   did
                   oppose
                   
                     Neptunus
                     ,
                     Minerva
                  
                   was
                   against
                   
                     Mars
                     ,
                     Diana
                  
                   against
                   
                     Juno
                     ,
                     Mercurius
                  
                   fell
                   out
                   with
                   Latona
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   God
                   Scamander
                   called
                   otherwise
                   Xanthus
                   was
                   against
                   Vulcan
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   this
                   Scamander
                   seeing
                   Achilles
                   destroying
                   the
                   Country
                   round
                   about
                   Troy
                   and
                   the
                   current
                   of
                   his
                   River
                   stopt
                   with
                   the
                   heaps
                   of
                   dead
                   Corps's
                   ,
                   he
                   in
                   his
                   rage
                   joyned
                   himself
                   
                   to
                   his
                   next
                   Neighbour
                   Simois
                   ,
                   with
                   an
                   intent
                   to
                   dround
                   Achilles
                   :
                   They
                   both
                   met
                   so
                   opportunely
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   had
                   already
                   surrounded
                   him
                   with
                   their
                   waters
                   ;
                   and
                   he
                   had
                   
                   infallibly
                   perisht
                   there
                   ,
                   had
                   not
                   Ju●●
                   dispatcht
                   away
                   Vulcan
                   in
                   haste
                   to
                   his
                   assistance
                   .
                   This
                   〈◊〉
                   himself
                   in
                   a
                   rage
                   ,
                   with
                   violent
                   
                   flames
                   〈◊〉
                   his
                   hand
                   upon
                   the
                   poor
                   Scaman
                   〈◊〉
                   ●nd
                   consumed
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   his
                   waters
                   .
                
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   memorable
                   Siege
                   lasted
                   many
                   years
                   ,
                   〈◊〉
                   it
                   proved
                   fatal
                   to
                   both
                   parties
                   .
                   〈◊〉
                   of
                   the
                   great
                   Commanders
                   lost
                   their
                   〈◊〉
                   but
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   did
                   deserve
                   a
                   renown
                   〈◊〉
                   hath
                   perpetuated
                   their
                   names
                   and
                   me●●ries
                   to
                   all
                   Ages
                   .
                
                 
                   Next
                   to
                   Agamemnon
                   ,
                   and
                   Menelaus
                   ,
                   *
                   
                   Achilles
                   ●as
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   remarkable
                   for
                   his
                   va●●r
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   other
                   excellent
                   qualities
                   .
                   
                     Paro
                     ●es
                  
                   his
                   Favourite
                   was
                   a
                   noted
                   Captain
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   
                     Id
                     men●us
                  
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   
                     Deucalion
                     ,
                     Ajax
                  
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Telamon
                   ,
                   and
                   Ajax
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Oil●us
                   King
                   of
                   Locres
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   very
                   swift
                   in
                   running
                   ,
                   and
                   excellent
                   in
                   handling
                   bow
                   and
                   arrows
                   and
                   the
                   lance
                   .
                   Schelenus
                   the
                   
                   Son
                   of
                   Capaneus
                   was
                   noted
                   for
                   his
                   courage
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   his
                   intimate
                   friend
                   Diomedes
                   King
                   of
                   Ae●ol●a
                   ,
                   and
                   Son
                   of
                   Tydeus
                   mentioned
                   before
                   ,
                   
                   he
                   was
                   not
                   like
                   that
                   cruel
                   Diomedes
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   slain
                   by
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   was
                   both
                   gracious
                   and
                   valiant
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   march
                   to
                   the
                   fight
                   as
                   quick
                   as
                   the
                   thunder
                   bursts
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   cloud
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   a
                   Torrent
                   that
                   tumbles
                   down
                   a
                   steep
                   Mountain
                   ,
                   as
                   Homer
                   informs
                   us
                   ;
                   none
                   but
                   Achilles
                   and
                   Ajax
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Telamon
                   did
                   go
                   before
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   reputation
                   of
                   a
                   great
                   Commander
                   ;
                   for
                   Vlysses
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   excel
                   more
                   in
                   cunning
                   than
                   in
                   courage
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   invent
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Stratagems
                   of
                   war
                   aganist
                   the
                   enemies
                   .
                
                 
                   *
                   Nestor
                   was
                   three
                   hundred
                   years
                   old
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   nevertheless
                   very
                   useful
                   by
                   his
                   wise
                   counsels
                   and
                   by
                   his
                   eloquence
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   did
                   insinuate
                   himself
                   into
                   the
                   minds
                   of
                   his
                   auditors
                   so
                   pleasantly
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   honey
                   had
                   droped
                   from
                   his
                   mouth
                   with
                   his
                   words
                   .
                   Agamemnon
                   had
                   such
                   an
                   high
                   esteem
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   often
                   say
                   ,
                   That
                   if
                   there
                   were
                   but
                   ten
                   such
                   as
                   Nestor
                   in
                   his
                   Army
                   ,
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   could
                   not
                   have
                   made
                   so
                   long
                   a
                   resistance
                   .
                   They
                   wanted
                   no
                   kind
                   of
                   Persons
                   in
                   this
                   Siege
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   carrying
                   
                   on
                   of
                   their
                   design
                   .
                   They
                   had
                   Catchus
                   and
                   Euripilus
                   two
                   experienced
                   Soothsayers
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   inform
                   them
                   of
                   the
                   time
                   to
                   come
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   make
                   provision
                   accordingly
                   .
                   They
                   had
                   also
                   a
                   learned
                   Physitian
                   by
                   name
                   Macaon
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Esculapius
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   heal
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   discases
                   ,
                   and
                   Epeus
                   a
                   witty
                   Engineer
                   ,
                   who
                   invented
                   several
                   Engines
                   of
                   war
                   ;
                   particularly
                   ,
                   that
                   which
                   was
                   called
                   the
                   great
                   Ram
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   Horse
                   with
                   which
                   the
                   enemies
                   
                   did
                   anciently
                   batter
                   down
                   the
                   walls
                   of
                   a
                   besieged
                   City
                   .
                   There
                   was
                   also
                   an
                   ill
                   shap'd
                   Fellow
                   amongst
                   them
                   named
                   Thersites
                   ,
                   whose
                   mind
                   was
                   as
                   full
                   of
                   evil
                   qualities
                   ,
                   as
                   his
                   body
                   was
                   deformed
                   with
                   ill-favoured
                   features
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   greatest
                   Coward
                   in
                   the
                   Army
                   ,
                   yet
                   had
                   the
                   confidence
                   to
                   oppose
                   all
                   the
                   ablest
                   and
                   stoutest
                   Commanders
                   .
                   Achilles
                   was
                   one
                   day
                   so
                   enraged
                   against
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   knock'd
                   him
                   down
                   and
                   kill'd
                   him
                   with
                   a
                   blow
                   of
                   his
                   fist
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   of
                   the
                   Grecians
                   army
                   ,
                   who
                   landed
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   arrived
                   in
                   the
                   Province
                   of
                   Troas
                   was
                   
                     Prothesilaus
                     .
                     Hector
                  
                   cast
                   him
                   
                   dead
                   to
                   the
                   Ground
                   with
                   a
                   blow
                   of
                   his
                   lance
                   .
                   His
                   wife
                   Laodimia
                   requested
                   this
                   favour
                   from
                   the
                   gods
                   to
                   comfort
                   her
                   in
                   her
                   violent
                   affliction
                   ,
                   onely
                   to
                   see
                   again
                   the
                   Shadow
                   of
                   her
                   deceased
                   husband
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   granted
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   she
                   offer'd
                   to
                   embrace
                   it
                   ,
                   she
                   fell
                   down
                   dead
                   .
                
                 
                   There
                   were
                   many
                   slain
                   and
                   much
                   blood
                   spilt
                   in
                   the
                   frequent
                   fallies
                   of
                   the
                   besieged
                   .
                   Troïlus
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Sons
                   of
                   Priam
                   ventured
                   out
                   against
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   though
                   he
                   were
                   very
                   young
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   unhappily
                   killed
                   by
                   him
                   his
                   death
                   did
                   mightily
                   afflict
                   the
                   Trojans
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Oracle
                   had
                   promised
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   City
                   should
                   never
                   be
                   taken
                   whilst
                   he
                   did
                   live
                   .
                   His
                   elder
                   Brother
                   Hector
                   reveng'd
                   his
                   death
                   by
                   the
                   cruel
                   slaughter
                   of
                   a
                   multitude
                   of
                   Greeks
                   with
                   which
                   he
                   did
                   encounter
                   .
                   So
                   that
                   the
                   besieged
                   did
                   often
                   say
                   that
                   he
                   alone
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   Ajax
                   and
                   many
                   Worthies
                   were
                   buried
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   there
                   happened
                   a
                   very
                   hot
                   dispute
                   between
                   Vlisses
                   and
                   Ajax
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Telamon
                   ,
                   about
                   the
                   Armes
                   and
                   Weapons
                   of
                   
                     Achilles
                     .
                     Ajax
                  
                   did
                   pretend
                   that
                   they
                   did
                   belong
                   to
                   him
                   ;
                   not
                   only
                   for
                   his
                   Deserts
                   and
                   for
                   his
                   Valor
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   near
                   allied
                   in
                   blood
                   to
                   Achilles
                   .
                   Nevertheless
                   ,
                   Vlysses
                   knew
                   so
                   well
                   how
                   to
                   perswade
                   his
                   Judges
                   who
                   were
                   the
                   Commanders
                   of
                   the
                   Graecians
                   Army
                   by
                   his
                   extraordinary
                   Eloquence
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   gave
                   them
                   to
                   him
                   ;
                   which
                   put
                   Ajax
                   in
                   such
                   a
                   fury
                   that
                   he
                   became
                   mad
                   .
                   In
                   this
                   condition
                   he
                   ran
                   into
                   an
                   Herd
                   of
                   Swine
                   ,
                   and
                   fancying
                   these
                   beasts
                   to
                   be
                   
                     Agamemnon
                     ,
                     Menelaus
                  
                   and
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   his
                   Judges
                   :
                   he
                   endeavoured
                   to
                   destroy
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   when
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   understand
                   his
                   gross
                   mistake
                   ,
                   he
                   killed
                   himself
                   with
                   the
                   Sword
                   that
                   Hector
                   had
                   given
                   him
                   ,
                   verifying
                   the
                   Greek
                   Proverb
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   The
                   Gifts
                   of
                   Enemies
                   are
                   unhappy
                   .
                   Hector
                   had
                   been
                   also
                   tyed
                   &
                   drag'd
                   upon
                   the
                   Buckler
                   that
                   this
                   Ajax
                   had
                   exchanged
                   with
                   him
                   for
                   his
                   Sword.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   Achilles
                   was
                   dead
                   ,
                   the
                   Beseiged
                   began
                   to
                   take
                   courage
                   and
                   to
                   express
                   their
                   joy
                   ,
                   but
                   it
                   lasted
                   not
                   long
                   :
                   for
                   Pyrrhus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Achilles
                   being
                   arrived
                   from
                   Greece
                   ,
                   succeeded
                   his
                   Father
                   in
                   all
                   his
                   offices
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   had
                   no
                   less
                   success
                   in
                   the
                   encounters
                   although
                   he
                   was
                   yet
                   very
                   
                   young
                   ?
                   He
                   revenged
                   his
                   Death
                   upon
                   the
                   Trojans
                   in
                   many
                   Battels
                   ,
                   in
                   one
                   of
                   them
                   he
                   killed
                   the
                   Traitor
                   Paris
                   .
                   Others
                   say
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   Philactetes
                   who
                   wounded
                   him
                   mortally
                   with
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   poisoned
                   Arrowes
                   of
                   Hercules
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   last
                   the
                   besieged
                   were
                   so
                   unhappy
                   as
                   to
                   see
                   their
                   Palladium
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   the
                   safety
                   of
                   their
                   Citty
                   did
                   depend
                   ,
                   stolen
                   and
                   carried
                   away
                   privately
                   ,
                   by
                   Vlysses
                   and
                   Diomedes
                   .
                   Which
                   caused
                   King
                   Priam
                   to
                   capitulate
                   with
                   the
                   Greeks
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   an
                   agreement
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   had
                   no
                   mind
                   to
                   restore
                   Helena
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   married
                   to
                   Deiphobus
                   another
                   of
                   his
                   Children
                   ,
                   after
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   Paris
                   .
                
                 
                   Aeneas
                   and
                   Antenor
                   were
                   commissioned
                   to
                   treat
                   with
                   the
                   Enemy
                   .
                   They
                   concluded
                   a
                   Peace
                   for
                   a
                   certain
                   summ
                   of
                   money
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   a
                   certain
                   quantity
                   of
                   Provisions
                   which
                   the
                   Trojans
                   were
                   to
                   furnish
                   the
                   Greeks
                   for
                   their
                   return
                   home
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   being
                   first
                   built
                   by
                   Dardanus
                   and
                   called
                   from
                   him
                   Dardanida
                   ,
                   was
                   afterwards
                   enlarged
                   by
                   Ilus
                   his
                   successor
                   and
                   named
                   Ilion
                   ,
                   or
                   Ilium
                   .
                   This
                   Prince
                   made
                   his
                   prayer
                   to
                   the
                   gods
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   would
                   vouchsafe
                   unto
                   him
                   some
                   signe
                   by
                   which
                   he
                   might
                   understand
                   whether
                   or
                   no
                   they
                   did
                   approve
                   of
                   his
                   building
                   this
                   City
                   ;
                   Immediately
                   at
                   his
                   word
                   there
                   fell
                   down
                   from
                   above
                   ,
                   the
                   Palladium
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   an
                   Image
                   of
                   three
                   Cubits
                   long
                   ,
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   was
                   able
                   to
                   destroy
                   the
                   Enemies
                   Army
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   mean
                   while
                   the
                   love
                   of
                   women
                   did
                   
                   more
                   prejudice
                   to
                   the
                   Grecians
                   of
                   the
                   weapons
                   of
                   the
                   Trojans
                   ,
                   for
                   when
                   Agamemnon
                   did
                   entertain
                   the
                   daughter
                   of
                   a
                   Priest
                   of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   he
                   drew
                   a
                   grievous
                   plague
                   into
                   the
                   Army
                   ,
                   which
                   did
                   destroy
                   many
                   until
                   Achilles
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   sent
                   home
                   to
                   her
                   Parents
                   to
                   appease
                   the
                   displeasure
                   of
                   this
                   god
                   by
                   the
                   advice
                   of
                   the
                   Soothsayer
                   Calchas
                   .
                   This
                   action
                   did
                   mightily
                   vex
                   Agamemnon
                   ,
                   who
                   to
                   revenge
                   himself
                   upon
                   Achilles
                   took
                   from
                   him
                   a
                   certain
                   Briseis
                   otherwise
                   named
                   Hyppodamia
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Chryses
                   ,
                   for
                   this
                   cause
                   Achilles
                   refused
                   to
                   go
                   out
                   to
                   fight
                   or
                   to
                   assist
                   his
                   companions
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   when
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   Patrocles
                   had
                   taken
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   the
                   armes
                   of
                   Achilles
                   to
                   encounter
                   Hector
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   not
                   his
                   strength
                   and
                   excellent
                   qualities
                   ,
                   Hector
                   run
                   him
                   through
                   with
                   a
                   lance
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   him
                   dead
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   .
                   Achilles
                   being
                   very
                   much
                   afflicted
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   misfortune
                   of
                   his
                   intimate
                   friend
                   ,
                   therefore
                   to
                   revenge
                   it
                   he
                   returned
                   again
                   to
                   the
                   Camp
                   with
                   other
                   arms
                   ,
                   which
                   Vulean
                   had
                   newly
                   made
                   for
                   him
                   .
                   At
                   the
                   first
                   opportunity
                   he
                   went
                   cut
                   to
                   meet
                   Hector
                   ,
                   kill'd
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   tyed
                   his
                   body
                   to
                   his
                   Chariot
                   ,
                   he
                   dragg'd
                   it
                   three
                   times
                   round
                   about
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   about
                   the
                   Tomb
                   of
                   Patrocles
                   ,
                   and
                   afterward
                   sold
                   it
                   to
                   his
                   Father
                   Priam
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   bury
                   it
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   custome
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   This
                   death
                   of
                   Hector
                   did
                   terrefie
                   the
                   besieged
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   were
                   much
                   more
                   afrighted
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   saw
                   Penthisliea
                   the
                   Queen
                   of
                   the
                   Amazons
                   killed
                   also
                   by
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   her
                   Companiors
                   either
                   cut
                   in
                   pieces
                   or
                   drowned
                   by
                   Diomedes
                   in
                   the
                   water
                   of
                   Scamander
                   .
                
                 
                   Memnon
                   thought
                   to
                   have
                   repaired
                   these
                   losses
                   by
                   the
                   slaughter
                   of
                   the
                   enemies
                   .
                   The
                   Trojans
                   did
                   look
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   as
                   their
                   greatest
                   Bulwark
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   very
                   dangerously
                   wounded
                   by
                   Ajax
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Telamon
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   he
                   was
                   kill'd
                   by
                   Achilles
                   in
                   a
                   single
                   fight
                   .
                   We
                   have
                   already
                   taken
                   notice
                   in
                   the
                   tenth
                   chapter
                   of
                   the
                   first
                   Book
                   ,
                   how
                   his
                   mother
                   Aurora
                   was
                   afflicted
                   for
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   how
                   he
                   was
                   metamorphised
                   into
                   a
                   Bird.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   Queen
                   Hecuba
                   saw
                   Memnon
                   dead
                   and
                   the
                   stoutest
                   of
                   her
                   Children
                   killed
                   by
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   she
                   saught
                   how
                   she
                   might
                   revenge
                   herself
                   upon
                   him
                   .
                   Paris
                   promis'd
                   to
                   give
                   her
                   satisfaction
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   he
                   dealt
                   treacherously
                   with
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   and
                   perceiving
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   Polyxena
                   his
                   Sister
                   ,
                   he
                   gave
                   him
                   some
                   hopes
                   of
                   marrying
                   her
                   ;
                   Therefore
                   he
                   appointed
                   him
                   a
                   meeting
                   in
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Apollo
                   to
                   discourse
                   about
                   this
                   business
                   ,
                   but
                   when
                   Achilles
                   was
                   most
                   secure
                   Paris
                   with
                   an
                   arrow
                   wounded
                   that
                   mortal
                   part
                   of
                   his
                   feet
                   ,
                   which
                   had
                   not
                   been
                   dipt
                   in
                   the
                   River
                   Styx
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   death
                   did
                   mightily
                   trouble
                   the
                   Graecians
                   ,
                   who
                   raised
                   for
                   him
                   a
                   Tomb
                   upon
                   the
                   Promontary
                   of
                   Sigaeum
                   ,
                   where
                   also
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   holding
                   in
                   one
                   hand
                   a
                   Lance
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   a
                   spindle
                   with
                   a
                   distaff
                   .
                   The
                   Statue
                   did
                   no
                   sooner
                   touch
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   but
                   it
                   began
                   to
                   march
                   in
                   the
                   presence
                   of
                   the
                   King
                   :
                   The
                   Oracle
                   afterwards
                   did
                   inform
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   Troy
                   should
                   never
                   be
                   taken
                   
                     nor
                     destroyed
                  
                   whil's
                   that
                   remained
                   safe
                   .
                   Ulysses
                   and
                   Diomedes
                   stole
                   secretly
                   into
                   the
                   Citadel
                   of
                   Troy
                   through
                   a
                   gutter
                   ,
                   and
                   carried
                   away
                   the
                   Palladium
                   ,
                   afterwards
                   Aeneas
                   transported
                   it
                   into
                   Italy
                   ,
                   where
                   it
                   was
                   committed
                   to
                   the
                   keeping
                   of
                   the
                   Vestal
                   Virgins
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Priam
                   was
                   assisted
                   by
                   many
                   powerful
                   neighbors
                   ,
                   Rhesus
                   came
                   with
                   a
                   great
                   Army
                   to
                   raise
                   the
                   Seige
                   ,
                   but
                   Diomedes
                   and
                   Ulysses
                   were
                   dispatched
                   to
                   meet
                   him
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   way
                   they
                   put
                   to
                   flight
                   his
                   men
                   ,
                   and
                   killed
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   after
                   his
                   death
                   he
                   was
                   reverenced
                   as
                   a
                   Hero
                   in
                   his
                   Country
                   ,
                   and
                   Altars
                   were
                   erected
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   the
                   Poets
                   do
                   say
                   that
                   the
                   Wilde
                   Beasts
                   of
                   their
                   own
                   accord
                   did
                   come
                   to
                   be
                   sacrificed
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   in
                   his
                   life
                   mightily
                   addicted
                   to
                   the
                   sport
                   of
                   hunting
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   reason
                   they
                   did
                   offer
                   unto
                   him
                   after
                   his
                   Death
                   ,
                   Wilde
                   Beasts
                   .
                
                 
                   *
                   Memnon
                   was
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   chief
                   Officers
                   ,
                   and
                   Generals
                   of
                   Theutamus
                   King
                   of
                   Persia
                   ,
                   who
                   sent
                   his
                   succors
                   to
                   assist
                   
                     Priam
                     his
                  
                   Vassal
                   against
                   the
                   Greeks
                   .
                   He
                   gave
                   order
                   to
                   Memnon
                   Viceroy
                   of
                   Ethiopia
                   ,
                   to
                   march
                   thither
                   with
                   ten
                   thousand
                   Ethiopians
                   and
                   other
                   Souldiers
                   :
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   slain
                   by
                   Achylles
                   for
                   killing
                   Antilochus
                   the
                   son
                   of
                   Nestor
                   .
                
                 
                   Sarpedon
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   of
                   Hippodamia
                   
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Bellerophon
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   some
                   say
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   of
                   Europa
                   ,
                   was
                   at
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   with
                   his
                   Kinsman
                   Glaucus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Hyppolochus
                   the
                   Son
                   also
                   of
                   Bellerophon
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   killed
                   by
                   Patroclus
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   It
                   is
                   needless
                   to
                   mention
                   all
                   the
                   Commanders
                   of
                   both
                   parties
                   .
                   Homer
                   gives
                   a
                   sufficient
                   account
                   of
                   them
                   and
                   of
                   their
                   habitations
                   .
                   Antilochus
                   deserves
                   to
                   be
                   reckoned
                   amongst
                   the
                   most
                   famons
                   and
                   generous
                   Worthies
                   ,
                   for
                   his
                   love
                   to
                   his
                   Father
                   and
                   for
                   his
                   resolution
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   the
                   
                   youngest
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Greeks
                   ,
                   a
                   great
                   Favourite
                   of
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   when
                   his
                   Father
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   be
                   
                   kill'd
                   by
                   
                     Memnon
                     ,
                     Antilochus
                  
                   stept
                   in
                   between
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   received
                   in
                   his
                   breast
                   the
                   mortal
                   blow
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   intended
                   against
                   the
                   Old
                   man.
                   Achilles
                   revenged
                   his
                   death
                   at
                   the
                   request
                   of
                   Nestor
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   must
                   not
                   forget
                   to
                   say
                   something
                   m
                   re
                   of
                   Idoneus
                   the
                   Grandchild
                   of
                   Minos
                   and
                   of
                   Deucalion
                   his
                   Successor
                   in
                   the
                   
                     Kingdome
                     of
                  
                   Candia
                   :
                   He
                   brought
                   a
                   stout
                   Army
                   of
                   Candians
                   to
                   Troy
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   many
                   brave
                   actions
                   worthy
                   of
                   a
                   Stout
                   Commander
                   .
                   When
                   Troy
                   was
                   taken
                   he
                   was
                   appointed
                   to
                   separate
                   the
                   spoils
                   and
                   allot
                   unto
                   every
                   one
                   his
                   portion
                   .
                   His
                   Kingdom
                   was
                   full
                   of
                   excellent
                   Archers
                   trained
                   up
                   in
                   this
                   exercise
                   from
                   their
                   infancy
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   mothers
                   did
                   seldom
                   give
                   any
                   victuals
                   to
                   their
                   childred
                   every
                   day
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   had
                   fixt
                   an
                   arrow
                   in
                   
                   a
                   mark
                   ,
                   as
                   big
                   as
                   a
                   shilling
                   ,
                   at
                   a
                   considerable
                   distance
                   .
                   The
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   the
                   Islands
                   Baleares
                   ,
                   now
                   Majorca
                   and
                   Minorca
                   ,
                   were
                   excellent
                   slingers
                   ,
                   their
                   children
                   were
                   wont
                   also
                   to
                   deserve
                   their
                   break-fast
                   by
                   hitting
                   the
                   mark
                   with
                   a
                   stone
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   sling
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XVII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   taking
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   ruine
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   THe
                   Peace
                   which
                   the
                   Greeks
                   had
                   concluded
                   with
                   the
                   Trojans
                   ,
                   was
                   but
                   a
                   Cheat
                   to
                   surprise
                   them
                   with
                   less
                   difficulty
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   raised
                   the
                   Seige
                   they
                   pretended
                   to
                   leave
                   behind
                   them
                   a
                   Present
                   for
                   Minerva
                   ,
                   to
                   appease
                   her
                   wrath
                   ,
                   as
                   if
                   they
                   had
                   displeased
                   her
                   by
                   stealing
                   away
                   and
                   profaning
                   the
                   Palladium
                   :
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   they
                   caused
                   a
                   woodden
                   Horse
                   of
                   a
                   prodigious
                   bigness
                   to
                   be
                   made
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   belly
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   they
                   place
                   a
                   great
                   many
                   of
                   the
                   stoutest
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   ablest
                   Souldiers
                   of
                   the
                   Army
                   ,
                   as
                   Virgil
                   saith
                   ,
                   and
                   left
                   it
                   before
                   the
                   Walls
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   rise
                   to
                   be
                   gone
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   retreated
                   only
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Tenedos
                   ,
                   staying
                   there
                   to
                   see
                   the
                   successe
                   of
                   their
                   enterprise
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   besieged
                   did
                   immediately
                   go
                   out
                   of
                   their
                   City
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   shut
                   up
                   so
                   long
                   (
                   they
                   visit
                   all
                   the
                   quarters
                   of
                   the
                   Greeks
                   Army
                   .
                   They
                   admire
                   this
                   Great
                   Horse
                   
                   of
                   Wood.
                   At
                   last
                   they
                   deliberate
                   to
                   know
                   whether
                   they
                   should
                   carry
                   it
                   into
                   their
                   City
                   .
                   Some
                   are
                   of
                   that
                   mind
                   ,
                   others
                   are
                   jealous
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   amongst
                   the
                   rest
                   Laocoon
                   cast
                   his
                   lance
                   at
                   it
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   deed
                   the
                   gods
                   did
                   seem
                   to
                   punish
                   him
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   sent
                   two
                   fearful
                   Serpents
                   ,
                   to
                   kill
                   him
                   and
                   his
                   two
                   children
                   ,
                   which
                   afterwards
                   went
                   to
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   Pallas
                   ;
                   and
                   there
                   they
                   rested
                   .
                   This
                   accident
                   caused
                   them
                   all
                   to
                   resolve
                   to
                   drag
                   and
                   carry
                   this
                   wooden
                   engine
                   into
                   the
                   City
                   .
                
                 
                   They
                   were
                   far
                   more
                   eager
                   when
                   they
                   heard
                   the
                   Relation
                   and
                   Discourse
                   of
                   a
                   certain
                   Sinon
                   ,
                   a
                   fellow
                   taught
                   for
                   this
                   purpose
                   by
                   Vlysses
                   ,
                   and
                   taken
                   as
                   a
                   spy
                   ;
                   He
                   did
                   tell
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   the
                   Fleet
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   set
                   sail
                   towards
                   Greece
                   .
                   The
                   gods
                   had
                   demanded
                   a
                   Grecian
                   to
                   be
                   sacrificed
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   voyage
                   might
                   be
                   prosperous
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   Vlysses
                   his
                   mortal
                   enemy
                   having
                   caused
                   the
                   lot
                   to
                   fall
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   run
                   away
                   and
                   hide
                   himself
                   .
                   Thus
                   persisting
                   in
                   his
                   dissimulation
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   tell
                   them
                   that
                   the
                   design
                   of
                   the
                   Greeks
                   was
                   to
                   reconcile
                   themselves
                   to
                   the
                   goddess
                   Pallas
                   ,
                   therefore
                   they
                   had
                   dedicated
                   unto
                   her
                   this
                   Horse
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   had
                   caused
                   to
                   be
                   made
                   so
                   big
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   might
                   not
                   enter
                   within
                   the
                   walls
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   the
                   Trojans
                   might
                   not
                   make
                   use
                   of
                   it
                   to
                   their
                   advantage
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   prejudice
                   of
                   the
                   Greeks
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   Discourse
                   removed
                   oūt
                   of
                   their
                   
                   minds
                   all
                   jealousy
                   and
                   suspition
                   ,
                   and
                   caused
                   them
                   to
                   resolve
                   to
                   break
                   down
                   a
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Wall
                   to
                   carry
                   in
                   this
                   great
                   Horse
                   .
                   Every
                   one
                   imployed
                   himself
                   in
                   this
                   work
                   with
                   all
                   their
                   power
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   they
                   departed
                   to
                   drink
                   ,
                   to
                   dance
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   make
                   merry
                   ,
                   until
                   the
                   evening
                   ,
                   and
                   until
                   they
                   were
                   all
                   overcome
                   with
                   a
                   deep
                   sleep
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Sinon
                   saw
                   all
                   things
                   in
                   this
                   posture
                   he
                   opened
                   the
                   belly
                   of
                   the
                   Horse
                   to
                   let
                   out
                   the
                   Souldiers
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   there
                   shut
                   in
                   and
                   then
                   he
                   lighted
                   a
                   fire
                   to
                   give
                   notice
                   to
                   the
                   Army
                   which
                   did
                   hasten
                   back
                   again
                   without
                   noise
                   .
                   The
                   Greeks
                   entered
                   by
                   the
                   breach
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   lately
                   made
                   in
                   the
                   wall
                   and
                   soon
                   dispersed
                   themselves
                   into
                   every
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   to
                   burn
                   and
                   plunder
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   Pyrrhus
                   went
                   directly
                   to
                   the
                   Kings
                   Pallace
                   to
                   revenge
                   his
                   Fathers
                   death
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   there
                   massacre
                   Priamus
                   and
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   Polites
                   before
                   the
                   altar
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   he
                   caused
                   the
                   throat
                   of
                   Polyxena
                   to
                   be
                   cut
                   as
                   a
                   sacrifice
                   to
                   the
                   soul
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   loved
                   her
                   .
                   He
                   spared
                   the
                   life
                   of
                   Andromache
                   the
                   wife
                   of
                   Hector
                   ,
                   and
                   carried
                   her
                   into
                   Greece
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   had
                   by
                   her
                   a
                   Son
                   named
                   Molossus
                   ,
                   who
                   since
                   hath
                   been
                   King
                   of
                   part
                   of
                   Epirus
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   he
                   left
                   his
                   name
                   .
                
                 
                   Cassandra
                   was
                   ravisht
                   by
                   Ajax
                   of
                   Locres
                   although
                   she
                   did
                   embrace
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   Pallas
                   to
                   save
                   her self
                   ;
                   but
                   Agamemnon
                   kept
                   her
                   alive
                   and
                   in
                   his
                   service
                   because
                   of
                   her
                   rare
                   qualities
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Menelaus
                   received
                   Helena
                   again
                   as
                   his
                   Wife
                   after
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   stobb'd
                   *
                   Deiphobus
                   who
                   had
                   married
                   her
                   .
                   Hecuba
                   fell
                   to
                   the
                   lot
                   of
                   Vlysses
                   ,
                   and
                   Helenus
                   a
                   Son
                   of
                   Priam
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   a
                   Prophet
                   ,
                   was
                   preserved
                   by
                   Pyrrhus
                   from
                   whom
                   he
                   received
                   many
                   other
                   civilities
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   hindred
                   him
                   from
                   embarking
                   himself
                   in
                   a
                   Ship
                   ,
                   whereof
                   he
                   had
                   foretold
                   the
                   Shipwrack
                   .
                
                 
                   Some
                   did
                   also
                   endeavour
                   to
                   save
                   the
                   life
                   of
                   little
                   Astyamax
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Hector
                   .
                   His
                   mother
                   Andromache
                   had
                   won
                   the
                   consent
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Commanders
                   of
                   the
                   Army
                   by
                   her
                   tears
                   and
                   s
                   pplication
                   only
                   Vlysses
                   excepted
                   ,
                   who
                   prevailed
                   so
                   much
                   upon
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   condemned
                   to
                   die
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   be
                   cast
                   headlong
                   from
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   a
                   Tower
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   said
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   undertake
                   one
                   day
                   to
                   revenge
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   .
                   This
                   was
                   not
                   the
                   true
                   reason
                   ,
                   that
                   perswaded
                   him
                   to
                   this
                   cruelty
                   ,
                   but
                   onely
                   a
                   blind
                   passion
                   had
                   oblig'd
                   him
                   to
                   
                   it
                   ;
                   for
                   if
                   that
                   reason
                   had
                   been
                   the
                   cause
                   ,
                   why
                   did
                   they
                   not
                   put
                   to
                   death
                   Helenus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Priam
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   able
                   to
                   do
                   as
                   much
                   mischief
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   he
                   was
                   preserved
                   alive
                   .
                
                 
                   All
                   these
                   miseries
                   with
                   the
                   burning
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy
                   happened
                   after
                   ten
                   years
                   siege
                   ,
                   about
                   three
                   hundred
                   years
                   after
                   that
                   it
                   had
                   been
                   built
                   by
                   Dardanus
                   .
                   This
                   Story
                   is
                   very
                   
                   true
                   ,
                   although
                   it
                   be
                   mingled
                   with
                   Fables
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   Dictis
                   and
                   Dares
                   two
                   Historians
                   of
                   that
                   time
                   have
                   made
                   no
                   mention
                   of
                   the
                   Souldiers
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   shut
                   into
                   this
                   great
                   wooden
                   
                   Horse
                   ;
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   left
                   by
                   the
                   Greeks
                   before
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   Nothing
                   remains
                   to
                   this
                   Relation
                   but
                   only
                   the
                   knowledge
                   of
                   the
                   adventures
                   of
                   
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Commanders
                   of
                   the
                   Greeks
                   and
                   Trojans
                   in
                   their
                   Voyages
                   after
                   the
                   destruction
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   understanding
                   of
                   the
                   Poets
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   have
                   already
                   taken
                   notice
                   how
                   Ajax
                   of
                   Locres
                   ,
                   had
                   ravish'd
                   Cassandra
                   in
                   the
                   presence
                   of
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   Pallas
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   she
                   had
                   fled
                   for
                   protection
                   .
                   This
                   goddess
                   punish'd
                   him
                   for
                   so
                   great
                   an
                   insolency
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   at
                   Sea
                   ,
                   in
                   his
                   return
                   homewards
                   ,
                   for
                   she
                   having
                   obtained
                   from
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   the
                   favour
                   of
                   disposing
                   of
                   his
                   tempests
                   and
                   thunderbolts
                   but
                   once
                   ,
                   she
                   employed
                   them
                   in
                   rendring
                   the
                   Sea
                   tempestuous
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   burning
                   the
                   Ships
                   of
                   Ajax
                   to
                   drown
                   him
                   .
                   Nevertheless
                   he
                   saved
                   himself
                   by
                   swimming
                   to
                   the
                   next
                   Rocks
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   he
                   climbed
                   and
                   in
                   a
                   rage
                   against
                   the
                   gods
                   he
                   did
                   declare
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   would
                   free
                   himself
                   from
                   this
                   danger
                   ,
                   onely
                   by
                   his
                   strength
                   maugre
                   all
                   the
                   gods
                   which
                   words
                   when
                   Neptunus
                   had
                   heard
                   h●
                   broke
                   off
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   the
                   Rock
                   ,
                   on
                   which
                   h●
                   stood
                   with
                   his
                   trident
                   ,
                   and
                   tumbled
                   it
                   into
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   there
                   drowned
                   ,
                   bu●
                   Thetys
                   being
                   moved
                   with
                   compassion
                   for
                   him
                   
                   she
                   took
                   him
                   and
                   buried
                   him
                   upon
                   the
                   Sea
                   shore
                   with
                   her
                   own
                   hands
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Nauplius
                   also
                   was
                   very
                   much
                   displeased
                   at
                   the
                   Commanders
                   of
                   the
                   Army
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   had
                   unjustly
                   condemned
                   his
                   Son
                   Palamedes
                   to
                   death
                   by
                   the
                   perswasions
                   of
                   Vlysses
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   caused
                   many
                   fires
                   to
                   be
                   kindled
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   Caphereus
                   in
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Eueboa
                   over
                   against
                   Hellespont
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Fleet
                   might
                   bend
                   their
                   course
                   that
                   way
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   against
                   the
                   Rocks
                   of
                   the
                   Sea-shore
                   ,
                   but
                   his
                   design
                   did
                   not
                   succced
                   according
                   to
                   his
                   expectation
                   ,
                   for
                   Vlysses
                   and
                   Diomedes
                   sailed
                   another
                   way
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Idomeneus
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   valiantest
                   Commanders
                   of
                   the
                   Army
                   was
                   ready
                   to
                   be
                   shipwrackt
                   ,
                   he
                   engaged
                   himself
                   by
                   a
                   vow
                   to
                   Neptunus
                   to
                   sacrifice
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   the
                   first
                   thing
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   meet
                   with
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   should
                   enter
                   into
                   the
                   borders
                   of
                   his
                   Country
                   ,
                   if
                   he
                   would
                   deliver
                   him
                   from
                   the
                   present
                   danger
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   so
                   unhappy
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   see
                   his
                   own
                   Son
                   first
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   went
                   about
                   to
                   sacrifice
                   him
                   according
                   to
                   his
                   promise
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   opposed
                   by
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   his
                   country
                   ,
                   who
                   would
                   not
                   suffer
                   so
                   great
                   an
                   inhumanity
                   committed
                   amongst
                   them
                   .
                   Some
                   say
                   that
                   he
                   did
                   according
                   to
                   his
                   wicked
                   vow
                   ,
                   offer
                   his
                   Son
                   to
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   for
                   this
                   inhumanity
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   banisht
                   by
                   his
                   Subjects
                   into
                   Italy
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   There
                   were
                   several
                   other
                   famous
                   men
                   in
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy
                   not
                   mentioned
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   ,
                   Polydamas
                   
                   and
                   Euphorbns
                   the
                   children
                   of
                   Panthus
                   
                   a
                   Trojan
                   ,
                   were
                   great
                   Commanders
                   ,
                   valiant
                   in
                   fight
                   ,
                   and
                   wise
                   in
                   Counsels
                   .
                   Pythagoras
                   in
                   Ovid.
                   saith
                   that
                   his
                   Soul
                   had
                   been
                   formerly
                   that
                   of
                   Euphorbus
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   killed
                   by
                   Menelaus
                   .
                   
                     
                       
                       Morte
                       carent
                       animae
                       ,
                       semperque
                       priore
                       relicta
                       .
                    
                     
                       Sede
                       ,
                       novis
                       domibus
                       vivunt
                       ,
                       habitantque
                       receptae
                       &
                       postea
                       .
                    
                     
                       Ipse
                       ego
                       nam
                       memini
                       Trojani
                       tempore
                       belli
                    
                     
                       
                         Panthoides
                         Euphorbus
                      
                       eram
                       ,
                       cui
                       pectori
                       quondam
                    
                     
                       Haesit
                       in
                       adverso
                       gravis
                       Hasta
                       minoris
                       Atridae
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   It
                   is
                   not
                   posible
                   to
                   describe
                   perfectly
                   the
                   miseries
                   and
                   dreadful
                   image
                   of
                   a
                   City
                   surprised
                   by
                   an
                   Enemy
                   .
                   Virgil
                   represents
                   the
                   burning
                   of
                   Troy
                   in
                   verse
                   .
                   but
                   Nero
                   caused
                   it
                   to
                   appear
                   more
                   lively
                   in
                   the
                   burning
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   kindled
                   for
                   this
                   purpose
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   poor
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   this
                   unhappy
                   City
                   had
                   no
                   good
                   Quarter
                   granted
                   them
                   .
                   When
                   Priamus
                   their
                   Prince
                   with
                   his
                   Sons
                   were
                   cruelly
                   murdered
                   without
                   any
                   respect
                   to
                   their
                   qualities
                   
                   and
                   age
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   holiest
                   places
                   .
                   Hecuba
                   outlived
                   all
                   these
                   calamaties
                   of
                   her
                   people
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   transported
                   into
                   Greece
                   ,
                   where
                   Ulysses
                   ,
                   whose
                   life
                   she
                   had
                   spared
                   ,
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   stoned
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   but
                   her
                   Ghost
                   haunted
                   and
                   disturb'd
                   him
                   for
                   this
                   great
                   ingratitude
                   .
                   The
                   Poets
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   metamorphised
                   into
                   a
                   Bitch
                   ,
                   that
                   
                   barks
                   continually
                   ,
                   because
                   in
                   her
                   life
                   she
                   never
                   ceast
                   from
                   bawling
                   and
                   cursing
                   the
                   Greeks
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   butchered
                   all
                   her
                   Relations
                   .
                   Some
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   drowned
                   in
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   not
                   far
                   from
                   
                   Oeuboea
                   ,
                   therefore
                   it
                   was
                   called
                   Cynaeum
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   was
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   transformed
                   into
                   a
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   a
                   Barking
                   Dog.
                   
                
                 
                   Helena
                   returned
                   with
                   her
                   Husband
                   to
                   Sparta
                   ,
                   where
                   she
                   lived
                   until
                   he
                   died
                   .
                   She
                   being
                   afterwards
                   banisht
                   by
                   the
                   Sons
                   of
                   Menelaus
                   ,
                   
                   fled
                   to
                   Rhodes
                   to
                   Queen
                   Polixena
                   her
                   old
                   acquaintance
                   ,
                   who
                   suffered
                   her
                   to
                   be
                   hang'd
                   on
                   a
                   Tree
                   for
                   her
                   infamous
                   and
                   wicked
                   life
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XVIII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Adventures
                   of
                   Agamemnon
                   and
                   of
                   Orestes
                   his
                   Son
                   ,
                   after
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   WHen
                   Agamemnon
                   was
                   returned
                   from
                   the
                   Wars
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Crowns
                   and
                   Laurels
                   of
                   his
                   Victories
                   ,
                   he
                   found
                   more
                   dangerous
                   enemies
                   at
                   home
                   ,
                   than
                   abroad
                   :
                   For
                   his
                   Wife
                   Clytemnestra
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   shamefully
                   dishonoured
                   herself
                   by
                   incest
                   with
                   Aegistus
                   in
                   the
                   absence
                   of
                   her
                   husband
                   ,
                   help'd
                   to
                   ensnare
                   and
                   murder
                   him
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   seen
                   in
                   the
                   twelfth
                   Chapter
                   of
                   this
                   books
                
                 
                   Cassandra
                   who
                   came
                   with
                   Agamemnon
                   from
                   Troy
                   forewarned
                   him
                   of
                   the
                   danger
                   ,
                   and
                   during
                   the
                   Voyage
                   did
                   continually
                   advertise
                   him
                   of
                   
                   the
                   misfortune
                   that
                   waited
                   for
                   him
                   at
                   home
                   .
                   But
                   this
                   Prophetess
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   received
                   from
                   Apollo
                   the
                   gift
                   of
                   prophesying
                   the
                   things
                   to
                   come
                   was
                   never
                   credited
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   had
                   offended
                   this
                   god
                   by
                   her
                   unfaithful
                   dealing
                   ,
                   therefore
                   (
                   he
                   punish'd
                   her
                   with
                   this
                   disgrace
                   ,
                   that
                   no
                   body
                   should
                   believe
                   what
                   she
                   said
                   ,
                   but
                   rather
                   the
                   contrary
                   .
                
                 
                   Orestes
                   did
                   mightily
                   concern
                   himself
                   for
                   the
                   massacre
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   therefore
                   in
                   revenge
                   of
                   this
                   inhumanity
                   ,
                   he
                   put
                   Aegistus
                   and
                   his
                   mother
                   Clytemnestra
                   the
                   Actors
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   and
                   although
                   he
                   did
                   seem
                   to
                   have
                   just
                   cause
                   to
                   proceed
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   ,
                   the
                   Furies
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   the
                   remorsc
                   of
                   Conscience
                   ,
                   did
                   continually
                   torment
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   disturb
                   his
                   thoughts
                   ,
                   representing
                   unto
                   him
                   the
                   foulnesse
                   of
                   a
                   Sons
                   crime
                   ,
                   who
                   stob'd
                   his
                   own
                   Mother
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   could
                   no
                   longer
                   endure
                   this
                   torment
                   of
                   his
                   mind
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   consult
                   the
                   Oracle
                   ,
                   who
                   inform'd
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   only
                   remedy
                   to
                   his
                   troubled
                   Conscience
                   was
                   to
                   undertake
                   a
                   Voyage
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   
                     Scythia
                     Taurica
                  
                   to
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Diana
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   steal
                   from
                   thence
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   the
                   goddess
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   bring
                   it
                   into
                   Greece
                   .
                
                 
                   According
                   to
                   this
                   advice
                   ,
                   he
                   went
                   with
                   his
                   Dear
                   Friend
                   ,
                   Pylades
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   King
                   Strophius
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   alwayes
                   lived
                   with
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   the
                   same
                   dangers
                   ,
                   and
                   espoused
                   the
                   same
                   quarrels
                   .
                   Pylades
                   continued
                   his
                   kindness
                   to
                   him
                   in
                   this
                   occasion
                   ,
                   and
                   expressed
                   
                   it
                   ,
                   by
                   venturing
                   with
                   him
                   in
                   this
                   Voyage
                
                 
                   The
                   Law
                   of
                   the
                   Countrey
                   did
                   condemn
                   all
                   Strangers
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   found
                   within
                   the
                   borders
                   of
                   the
                   Province
                   to
                   be
                   sacrificed
                   upon
                   the
                   Altar
                   of
                   Diana
                   ,
                   unto
                   whom
                   nothing
                   but
                   humane
                   Victimes
                   were
                   offered
                   .
                   Orestes
                   and
                   Pylades
                   ,
                   were
                   taken
                   and
                   presented
                   to
                   Thoas
                   the
                   High
                   Priest
                   ,
                   who
                   commanded
                   there
                   as
                   a
                   Sovereign
                   Prince
                   .
                   He
                   condemned
                   but
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   two
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   which
                   caused
                   a
                   hot
                   dispute
                   between
                   Orestes
                   and
                   Pylades
                   ,
                   for
                   either
                   of
                   them
                   was
                   willing
                   to
                   lay
                   down
                   his
                   life
                   to
                   save
                   his
                   friend's
                   .
                   The
                   lot
                   fell
                   upon
                   Orestes
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   given
                   to
                   the
                   keeping
                   of
                   Iphigenia
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   the
                   She-Priest
                   of
                   Diana
                   .
                   But
                   it
                   happened
                   that
                   she
                   quickly
                   knew
                   and
                   acknowledged
                   her
                   brother
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   they
                   resolved
                   both
                   to
                   run
                   away
                   and
                   to
                   free
                   themselves
                   from
                   the
                   eminent
                   peril
                   ,
                   by
                   killing
                   the
                   inhumane
                   Butcher
                   Thoas
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   found
                   an
                   opportunity
                   to
                   accomplish
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   Pylades
                   came
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   three
                   together
                   fled
                   away
                   with
                   speed
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Statue
                   of
                   Diana
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   hid
                   in
                   a
                   bundle
                   of
                   Sticks
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   was
                   afterwards
                   named
                   *
                   
                     Diana
                     fascelis
                  
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   In
                   this
                   manner
                   Orestes
                   returned
                   happily
                   again
                   into
                   Greece
                   having
                   freed
                   himself
                   from
                   the
                   Furies
                   that
                   did
                   disturbe
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   took
                   upon
                   him
                   the
                   Government
                   of
                   his
                   fathers
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   building
                   many
                   Cities
                   ,
                   and
                   perticularly
                   Oresta
                   in
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   now
                   named
                   Adrianople
                   .
                
                 
                   When
                   Agamemnon
                   departed
                   with
                   his
                   Army
                   to
                   Troy
                   he
                   left
                   with
                   his
                   Wife
                   Clytemnestra
                   an
                   excellent
                   Poet
                   and
                   Musician
                   to
                   divert
                   her
                   amorous
                   and
                   melancholick
                   thoughts
                   ,
                   while
                   this
                   Poet
                   remained
                   in
                   her
                   service
                   ,
                   Aegystus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Thyestes
                   mentioned
                   in
                   Chapter
                   12th
                   .
                   could
                   never
                   have
                   any
                   accesse
                   unto
                   her
                   ,
                   nor
                   power
                   to
                   entice
                   her
                   to
                   his
                   lust
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   kil'd
                   first
                   the
                   Musician
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   he
                   quickly
                   prevail'd
                   in
                   his
                   wicked
                   design
                   .
                   He
                   lived
                   with
                   her
                   until
                   Agamemnon
                   was
                   returned
                   from
                   Troy
                   :
                   Then
                   his
                   wife
                   agreed
                   with
                   Aegistus
                   to
                   kill
                   him
                   .
                   A
                   Feast
                   was
                   prepared
                   to
                   receive
                   him
                   with
                   more
                   joy
                   ,
                   but
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   stepping
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   bath
                   she
                   caused
                   a
                   shirt
                   to
                   be
                   prepared
                   for
                   him
                   that
                   was
                   sowed
                   up
                   at
                   the
                   Neck
                   and
                   Arms
                   :
                   When
                   he
                   was
                   putting
                   it
                   on
                   ,
                   she
                   cut
                   him
                   over
                   the
                   pate
                   with
                   a
                   great
                   Hatchet
                   ,
                   and
                   kill'd
                   Cassandra
                   with
                   the
                   same
                   ,
                   whiles
                   Aegistus
                   was
                   destroying
                   the
                   other
                   Guests
                   ,
                   the
                   Friends
                   of
                   Agamemnon
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   invited
                   to
                   this
                   bloody
                   Banquet
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Some
                   say
                   that
                   Clytemnestra
                   was
                   informed
                   by
                   a
                   malicious
                   Fellow
                   Oeax
                   ,
                   that
                   her
                   husband
                   
                   was
                   bringing
                   with
                   him
                   a
                   Rival
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   consented
                   to
                   his
                   death
                   with
                   
                     Aegistus
                     .
                     
                     Electra
                  
                   her
                   Daughter
                   saved
                   Orestes
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   him
                   to
                   her
                   Vnckle
                   Strophius
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   her
                   Aunt
                   Astrioche
                   the
                   Sister
                   of
                   Agamemnon
                   in
                   Beotia
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   lived
                   until
                   he
                   found
                   an
                   opportunity
                   of
                   revenging
                   his
                   Fathers
                   death
                   ,
                   by
                   killing
                   the
                   Murderers
                   .
                   Aegistus
                   and
                   his
                   own
                   Mother
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   that
                   purpose
                   he
                   came
                   with
                   his
                   intimate
                   Friend
                   Pylades
                   in
                   a
                   disguise
                   to
                   Mycenes
                   ,
                   where
                   Clytemnestra
                   dwelt
                   feigning
                   himself
                   to
                   be
                   a
                   Traveller
                   come
                   from
                   Beotia
                   with
                   the
                   certain
                   
                   news
                   of
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   
                     Orestes
                     .
                     Aegistus
                  
                   received
                   them
                   for
                   that
                   cause
                   with
                   much
                   joy
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   apprehensive
                   of
                   the
                   courage
                   and
                   displeasure
                   of
                   Orestes
                   .
                   These
                   disguised
                   Travellers
                   took
                   their
                   time
                   ,
                   and
                   kill'd
                   both
                   Aegistus
                   and
                   Clytemnestra
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   deed
                   they
                   were
                   both
                   apprehended
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   to
                   Prison
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   s●t
                   them
                   at
                   liberty
                   for
                   Agamemnons
                   sake
                   .
                   Orestes
                   was
                   afterwards
                   tormented
                   
                   with
                   Furies
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   unnatural
                   massacre
                   of
                   his
                   Mother
                   :
                   to
                   deliver
                   himself
                   from
                   them
                   ,
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   fetch
                   Diana
                   out
                   of
                   Scythia
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   killed
                   the
                   High-Priest
                   Thoas
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   his
                   return
                   he
                   caused
                   his
                   friend
                   to
                   take
                   his
                   dear
                   Sister
                   Electra
                   to
                   Wife
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   
                   Hermione
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Helena
                   for
                   whom
                   he
                   stob'd
                   Pyrrhus
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   taken
                   her
                   by
                   force
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   afterwards
                   a
                   very
                   happy
                   Prince
                   ,
                   and
                   succeeded
                   his
                   Father
                   in
                   the
                   Government
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   of
                   Argos
                   .
                
                 
                   Now
                   this
                   Thoas
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   last
                   Chapter
                   ,
                   minds
                   me
                   of
                   a
                   strange
                   and
                   pleasant
                   Story
                   
                   mentioned
                   by
                   the
                   Poets
                   .
                   The
                   Women
                   of
                   the
                   Island
                   
                   Lemnos
                   in
                   the
                   Archipelagus
                   did
                   forbear
                   their
                   accustomed
                   sacrifices
                   to
                   Venus
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   so
                   highly
                   incensed
                   against
                   them
                   for
                   this
                   contempt
                   and
                   neglect
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   caused
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   loathsome
                   to
                   their
                   Husband
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   they
                   divorced
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   were
                   married
                   to
                   others
                   of
                   Greece
                   ,
                   they
                   who
                   were
                   thus
                   slighted
                   and
                   put
                   away
                   ,
                   plotted
                   the
                   death
                   and
                   massacre
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   men
                   of
                   the
                   Island
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   brought
                   to
                   pass
                   ,
                   only
                   Hypsiphile
                   sent
                   away
                   her
                   Father
                   Thoas
                   ,
                   who
                   landed
                   afterwards
                   in
                   Scythia
                   ,
                   and
                   became
                   the
                   High-Priest
                   in
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Diana
                   .
                   The
                   Argonauts
                   about
                   that
                   time
                   in
                   their
                   Voyage
                   to
                   Colchos
                   landed
                   at
                   Lemnos
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   were
                   requested
                   by
                   the
                   women
                   during
                   their
                   stay
                   to
                   performe
                   the
                   Office
                   of
                   their
                   murthered
                   Husbands
                   .
                   They
                   were
                   as
                   kind
                   as
                   the
                   others
                   desired
                   ,
                   therefore
                   from
                   them
                   did
                   proceed
                   a
                   new
                   Generation
                   ,
                   which
                   peopled
                   the
                   Island
                   :
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XIX
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Adventures
                   of
                   Ulysses
                   ,
                   after
                   the
                   Siege
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   WHen
                   Vlysses
                   had
                   endured
                   the
                   inconveniencies
                   of
                   a
                   long
                   Siege
                   of
                   ten
                   years
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   yet
                   to
                   suffer
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   the
                   dangers
                   of
                   as
                   long
                   a
                   Voyage
                   ,
                   that
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   finished
                   before
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   ten
                   years
                   more
                   .
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   come
                   out
                   
                   into
                   the
                   main
                   ,
                   a
                   furious
                   Tempest
                   drives
                   him
                   on
                   the
                   Thracian
                   Shoar
                   in
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   the
                   Ciconians
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   lost
                   Hecuba
                   as
                   some
                   do
                   say
                   ,
                   for
                   this
                   Queen
                   understood
                   there
                   how
                   her
                   Son
                   in
                   law
                   Polymnestor
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   unto
                   whom
                   she
                   had
                   sent
                   her
                   little
                   Son
                   Polydorus
                   ,
                   with
                   her
                   richest
                   jewels
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   beginning
                   of
                   the
                   war
                   ,
                   had
                   cruely
                   put
                   him
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   and
                   buried
                   him
                   near
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   to
                   enrich
                   himself
                   with
                   the
                   entrusted
                   goods
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   resolved
                   to
                   visit
                   him
                   ,
                   before
                   she
                   proceeded
                   further
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   draw
                   him
                   to
                   her
                   with
                   less
                   difficulty
                   she
                   thought
                   it
                   her
                   best
                   way
                   to
                   pretend
                   ignorance
                   of
                   his
                   perfidious
                   dealing
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   send
                   privately
                   word
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   had
                   something
                   more
                   very
                   precious
                   to
                   commit
                   to
                   his
                   keeping
                   ;
                   but
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   she
                   saw
                   him
                   ,
                   she
                   flew
                   in
                   his
                   face
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   out
                   his
                   eyes
                   .
                   At
                   last
                   when
                   she
                   could
                   no
                   longer
                   endure
                   the
                   miserable
                   estate
                   unto
                   which
                   she
                   was
                   reduced
                   she
                   murdered
                   herself
                   .
                   Ovid
                   saith
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   stoned
                   by
                   the
                   Thracians
                   ,
                   because
                   she
                   had
                   pluck●
                   out
                   the
                   eyes
                   of
                   their
                   Prince
                   :
                   Afterwards
                   she
                   was
                   metamorphosed
                   into
                   a
                   Dog
                   ,
                
                 
                   Vlysses
                   was
                   grieved
                   for
                   the
                   losse
                   and
                   death
                   of
                   this
                   Great
                   Princesse
                   ;
                   whom
                   he
                   esteemed
                   
                   more
                   than
                   all
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   brought
                   from
                   Troy
                   ,
                   but
                   this
                   was
                   the
                   least
                   displeasure
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   to
                   receive
                   ,
                   for
                   first
                   instead
                   of
                   sailing
                   towards
                   Ithaca
                   ,
                   the
                   violent
                   winds
                   forced
                   him
                   into
                   Africa
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   arrived
                   in
                   the
                   country
                   of
                   the
                   Lotophagoi
                   ,
                   so
                   named
                   
                   from
                   a
                   certain
                   fruit
                   called
                   L●tos
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   so
                   pleasant
                   to
                   the
                   taste
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   such
                   a
                   strange
                   vertue
                   ,
                   that
                   as
                   soon
                   as
                   his
                   men
                   had
                   tasted
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   they
                   lost
                   the
                   desire
                   of
                   returning
                   home
                   to
                   their
                   friends
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   oblige
                   them
                   by
                   violence
                   to
                   repair
                   to
                   their
                   Ships
                   again
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   had
                   no
                   sooner
                   set
                   sail
                   from
                   thence
                   but
                   a
                   sudden
                   storm
                   carried
                   him
                   into
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   fell
                   into
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   Polyphemus
                   ,
                   the
                   most
                   noted
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   Cyclops
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   Chapter
                   of
                   Neptunus
                   .
                   At
                   his
                   first
                   arrival
                   Polyphemus
                   eat
                   up
                   six
                   of
                   his
                   men
                   ,
                   and
                   promised
                   to
                   do
                   him
                   the
                   kindness
                   to
                   reserve
                   him
                   for
                   the
                   last
                   morsel
                   ,
                   But
                   he
                   found
                   a
                   way
                   to
                   prevent
                   the
                   others
                   cruelty
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   own
                   mischief
                   ,
                   by
                   overcoming
                   him
                   first
                   with
                   wine●
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   by
                   putting
                   out
                   ▪
                   the
                   eye
                   that
                   was
                   fixed
                   in
                   his
                   forehead
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   escaped
                   and
                   fled
                   to
                   the
                   god
                   Aeolus
                   ,
                   who
                   received
                   him
                   with
                   all
                   civilities
                   ,
                   and
                   gave
                   him
                   as
                   a
                   present
                   all
                   the
                   winds
                   ,
                   the
                   Zephyrus
                   only
                   excepted
                   .
                   They
                   were
                   there
                   kept
                   in
                   great
                   and
                   large
                   Tuns
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   might
                   not
                   fly
                   out
                   nor
                   oppose
                   him
                   ,
                   in
                   his
                   return
                   homewards
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   the
                   men
                   of
                   Vlysses
                   out
                   of
                   curiosity
                   opened
                   these
                   Tuns
                   to
                   peep
                   ,
                   and
                   see
                   what
                   was
                   within
                   ,
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   the
                   winds
                   escaped
                   out
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   when
                   he
                   spread
                   his
                   sails
                   ,
                   they
                   tost
                   him
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   ,
                   and
                   forced
                   him
                   back
                   again
                   to
                   the
                   shore
                   of
                   the
                   Islands
                   of
                   Aeolus
                   ,
                   who
                   would
                   not
                   receive
                   him
                   again
                   ,
                   nor
                   grant
                   unto
                   him
                   any
                   other
                   favour
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   was
                   
                   constrained
                   by
                   the
                   violence
                   of
                   the
                   weather
                   to
                   land
                   upon
                   the
                   coast
                   of
                   the
                   Lestrigones
                   near
                   
                   that
                   place
                   where
                   now
                   is
                   scituate
                   the
                   Haven
                   of
                   Cajeta
                   .
                   There
                   was
                   a
                   kind
                   of
                   Antropophages
                   a
                   cruel
                   people
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   inhabit
                   there
                   .
                   Their
                   Kings
                   name
                   was
                   Antiphates
                   ,
                   he
                   ceased
                   upon
                   some
                   of
                   Vlysses
                   his
                   men
                   ,
                   and
                   devoured
                   them
                   ,
                   destroying
                   all
                   the
                   Ships
                   of
                   the
                   Fleet
                   ,
                   only
                   that
                   excepted
                   where
                   Vlysses
                   was
                   aboard
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   cruelty
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   sail
                   away
                   with
                   all
                   speed
                   to
                   a
                   little
                   Island
                   ,
                   where
                   Circe
                   ,
                   the
                   daughter
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   and
                   Queen
                   of
                   a
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Sarmates
                   did
                   make
                   her
                   abode
                   .
                   Some
                   do
                   ascribe
                   to
                   this
                   woman
                   the
                   invention
                   of
                   inchantments
                   and
                   of
                   poisons
                   ,
                   which
                   she
                   did
                   give
                   to
                   her
                   Subjects
                   ,
                   and
                   others
                   .
                   She
                   did
                   not
                   spare
                   her
                   own
                   husband
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   reign
                   alone
                   without
                   controul
                   .
                   Therefore
                   her
                   Subjects
                   sought
                   to
                   destroy
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   obliged
                   her
                   to
                   fly
                   for
                   her
                   life
                   to
                   a
                   little
                   Island
                   near
                   the
                   Dukedom
                   of
                   Tuscany
                   in
                   Italy
                   .
                   When
                   Vlysses
                   was
                   arrived
                   ,
                   he
                   sent
                   up
                   into
                   the
                   land
                   some
                   of
                   his
                   men
                   ,
                   to
                   discover
                   what
                   place
                   it
                   was
                   ,
                   but
                   this
                   Magician
                   gave
                   them
                   a
                   drink
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   out
                   of
                   kindness
                   to
                   refresh
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   transform'd
                   them
                   by
                   it
                   ,
                   into
                   Hogs
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   sort
                   of
                   Creatures
                   .
                   Onely
                   Eurylochus
                   of
                   this
                   Company
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   not
                   tasted
                   of
                   her
                   enchanted
                   drink
                   ,
                   escaped
                   away
                   to
                   acquaint
                   Vlysses
                   with
                   this
                   strange
                   metamorphosis
                   .
                   Vlysses
                   was
                   mightily
                   astonished
                   at
                   the
                   newes
                   .
                   Therefore
                   he
                   resolved
                   to
                   go
                   in
                   person
                   ,
                   and
                   seek
                   out
                   the
                   
                   Witch
                   .
                   Mercurius
                   fnrnished
                   him
                   with
                   a
                   certain
                   herb
                   ,
                   called
                   Moly
                   ,
                   with
                   which
                   the
                   gods
                   do
                   use
                   to
                   preserve
                   themselves
                   from
                   poison
                   and
                   witchcraft
                   .
                   Being
                   thus
                   provided
                   he
                   went
                   unto
                   her
                   with
                   his
                   naked
                   sword
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   forced
                   her
                   to
                   restore
                   his
                   men
                   to
                   their
                   former
                   shapes
                   ,
                   which
                   she
                   did
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   they
                   contracted
                   such
                   strict
                   amity
                   together
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   bore
                   unto
                   him
                   many
                   children
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   Thelegonus
                   was
                   the
                   Eldest
                   .
                
                 
                   Whiles
                   he
                   stayed
                   with
                   Circe
                   he
                   went
                   down
                   into
                   Hell
                   ,
                   by
                   her
                   assistance
                   ,
                   to
                   consult
                   the
                   Oracles
                   of
                   the
                   dead
                   ;
                   where
                   he
                   met
                   Elpenor
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   men
                   ,
                   kill'd
                   by
                   a
                   fall
                   in
                   a
                   drunken
                   fit
                   ,
                   since
                   his
                   depart
                   from
                   Circe
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   saw
                   also
                   there
                   the
                   Souls
                   of
                   his
                   Mother
                   Anticlea
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Tiresias
                   the
                   Sooth-sayer
                   having
                   sufficiently
                   informed
                   himself
                   from
                   them
                   concerning
                   his
                   destinies
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   things
                   ,
                   that
                   should
                   happen
                   nnto
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   returned
                   to
                   Circe
                   to
                   take
                   shipping
                   again
                   in
                   pursuance
                   of
                   his
                   Voyage
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   have
                   taken
                   notice
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   book
                   in
                   the
                   11
                   Chapter
                   ,
                   how
                   he
                   shun'd
                   the
                   charms
                   of
                   the
                   Syrens
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   sailed
                   by
                   the
                   Island
                   ,
                   where
                   thy
                   made
                   their
                   abode
                   by
                   causing
                   himself
                   to
                   be
                   bound
                   fast
                   to
                   the
                   mast
                   of
                   the
                   Ship
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   his
                   men
                   to
                   have
                   their
                   ears
                   stopt
                   with
                   wax
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   that
                   the
                   pleasant
                   harmony
                   of
                   the
                   Syrens
                   should
                   prevail
                   upon
                   them
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   they
                   escaped
                   through
                   the
                   Gulphs
                   of
                   Scylla
                   and
                   Charibdis
                   ,
                   and
                   arrived
                   at
                   Sicily
                   .
                   Where
                   they
                   met
                   with
                   Phaetusa
                   the
                   Daughter
                   
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   there
                   watching
                   over
                   the
                   consecrated
                   Cattel
                   of
                   her
                   Father
                   ,
                   Vlysses
                   following
                   the
                   advice
                   of
                   Circe
                   ,
                   gave
                   a
                   strict
                   Order
                   to
                   his
                   men
                   not
                   to
                   offer
                   to
                   touch
                   them
                   .
                   But
                   for
                   want
                   of
                   other
                   food
                   ,
                   they
                   stole
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Oxen
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   when
                   Vlysses
                   was
                   a
                   sleep
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   action
                   cost
                   them
                   dear
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   pieces
                   of
                   meat
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   had
                   cut
                   off
                   did
                   give
                   such
                   grievous
                   shrieks
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   laid
                   upon
                   the
                   coals
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   frighted
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   all
                   away
                   to
                   their
                   Ship
                   to
                   hide
                   themselves
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   at
                   Sea
                   their
                   Ship
                   sunk
                   under
                   them
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   all
                   drowned
                   ,
                   only
                   Vlysses
                   saved
                   himself
                   upon
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   the
                   broken
                   Ship
                   ,
                   and
                   arrived
                   after
                   much
                   ado
                   to
                   the
                   Island
                   Ogygia
                   to
                   the
                   Nymph
                   Calypso
                   ,
                   who
                   received
                   him
                   very
                   kindly
                   ,
                   entertained
                   him
                   many
                   years
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   last
                   prepared
                   a
                   Ship
                   to
                   transport
                   him
                   into
                   his
                   own
                   Island
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   Neptunus
                   to
                   revenge
                   himself
                   for
                   the
                   losse
                   of
                   his
                   Son
                   
                   Polyphemus's
                   eye
                   ,
                   broke
                   also
                   this
                   Ship
                   in
                   pieces
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   almost
                   lost
                   ,
                   without
                   any
                   hopes
                   of
                   saving
                   himself
                   ,
                   if
                   the
                   Nymph
                   Leucothoa
                   had
                   not
                   provided
                   him
                   with
                   aplank
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   he
                   did
                   swim
                   to
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   the
                   P●●acks
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   at
                   the
                   entry
                   of
                   the
                   Gulfe
                   of
                   Venice
                   and
                   now
                   named
                   Corcyra
                   or
                   Corfou
                   .
                
                 
                   Nau●●ae
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Arcinou●
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Island
                   found
                   him
                   all
                   naked
                   
                   upon
                   the
                   Sea
                   shore
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   given
                   unto
                   him
                   a
                   cloak
                   to
                   cover
                   him
                   ,
                   she
                   conducted
                   him
                   to
                   the
                   Queen
                   her
                   Mother
                   .
                   Vlysses
                   was
                   known
                   there
                   by
                   certain
                   marks
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   upon
                   his
                   body
                   .
                   Therefore
                   the
                   King
                   and
                   the
                   Court
                   received
                   him
                   accoring
                   to
                   his
                   quality
                   and
                   his
                   worth
                   .
                   After
                   a
                   short
                   abode
                   in
                   that
                   place
                   to
                   refresh
                   himself
                   ,
                   and
                   recover
                   his
                   Spirits
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   had
                   spent
                   in
                   his
                   dangers
                   ,
                   he
                   gave
                   unto
                   him
                   a
                   Ship
                   ,
                   which
                   carried
                   him
                   happily
                   and
                   safe
                   unto
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Ithaca
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   was
                   the
                   twentieth
                   year
                   of
                   his
                   wives
                   expectation
                   of
                   him
                   .
                   She
                   had
                   heen
                   all
                   this
                   while
                   in
                   continual
                   torment
                   of
                   mind
                   and
                   in
                   an
                   earnest
                   longing
                   to
                   see
                   him
                   again
                   .
                   Some
                   had
                   endeavoured
                   to
                   perswade
                   her
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   perisht
                   at
                   Sea.
                   Which
                   news
                   caused
                   many
                   young
                   Lords
                   to
                   wo
                   her
                   and
                   seek
                   her
                   in
                   marriage
                   very
                   seriously
                   ,
                   But
                   she
                   did
                   preserve
                   such
                   a
                   faithful
                   love
                   for
                   her
                   husband
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   entertained
                   by
                   the
                   hopes
                   of
                   his
                   return
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   would
                   never
                   give
                   unto
                   them
                   any
                   answer
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   put
                   them
                   off
                   ,
                   she
                   undertook
                   the
                   making
                   of
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   cloath
                   ,
                   promising
                   to
                   declare
                   her
                   resolution
                   ,
                   when
                   this
                   work
                   was
                   finisht
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   delay
                   it
                   the
                   longer
                   ,
                   she
                   did
                   undo
                   at
                   night
                   ,
                   whatsoever
                   she
                   had
                   made
                   up
                   in
                   the
                   day
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   mean
                   while
                   Vlisses
                   was
                   troubled
                   how
                   to
                   discover
                   himself
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   safety
                   of
                   his
                   person
                   and
                   re-enter
                   into
                   possession
                   
                   of
                   his
                   own
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   did
                   justly
                   fear
                   to
                   be
                   slain
                   by
                   those
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   Suiters
                   to
                   his
                   wife
                   .
                   Minerva
                   advised
                   him
                   in
                   this
                   occasion
                   to
                   disguise
                   himself
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   habit
                   of
                   a
                   poor
                   Country
                   fellow
                   to
                   make
                   himself
                   known
                   first
                   to
                   Telemachus
                   his
                   Son
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   old
                   Officers
                   of
                   his
                   house
                   ,
                   which
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   performed
                   ,
                   with
                   their
                   assistance
                   he
                   put
                   to
                   death
                   all
                   those
                   of
                   whom
                   he
                   was
                   jealous
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   entred
                   again
                   into
                   the
                   possession
                   of
                   his
                   Estate
                   and
                   Kingdom
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   after
                   all
                   this
                   his
                   mind
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   in
                   rest
                   ,
                   because
                   Tiresias
                   the
                   Soothsayer
                   had
                   informed
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   should
                   one
                   day
                   kill
                   him
                   .
                   Therefore
                   to
                   prevent
                   this
                   mischance
                   ,
                   his
                   resolution
                   was
                   to
                   forsake
                   the
                   world
                   and
                   to
                   retire
                   himself
                   into
                   some
                   desolate
                   and
                   solitary
                   place
                   there
                   to
                   end
                   his
                   dayes
                   in
                   peace
                   .
                   About
                   that
                   time
                   Telegonus
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   by
                   Circe
                   came
                   to
                   his
                   City
                   and
                   Pallace
                   of
                   Ithaca
                   to
                   pay
                   unto
                   him
                   his
                   respects
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   striving
                   to
                   enter
                   ,
                   there
                   hapened
                   a
                   great
                   tumult
                   ,
                   because
                   some
                   did
                   stop
                   him
                   from
                   going
                   in
                   farther
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   person
                   that
                   was
                   not
                   known
                   .
                   Vlysses
                   at
                   that
                   instant
                   stept
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   Telegonus
                   not
                   knowing
                   him
                   ran
                   him
                   through
                   with
                   his
                   lance
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   headed
                   with
                   the
                   ve●emous
                   back
                   bone
                   of
                   a
                   Se●fish
                   .
                   Of
                   this
                   wound
                   he
                   afterwards
                   died
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XX.
                   
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Adventures
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   .
                
                 
                   VVHen
                   the
                   men
                   of
                   Troy
                   saw
                   their
                   City
                   in
                   a
                   flame
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   native
                   country
                   Spoilt
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   forced
                   to
                   seek
                   their
                   fortunes
                   elsewhere
                   .
                   Some
                   of
                   them
                   with
                   the
                   Henetes
                   a
                   people
                   of
                   Paphlagonia
                   followed
                   Antenor
                   a
                   worthy
                   Captain
                   of
                   Troy.
                   Others
                   put
                   themselves
                   under
                   the
                   conduct
                   of
                   Francus
                   otherwise
                   named
                   Francion
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Hector
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   do
                   relate
                   .
                   But
                   the
                   greatest
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   ranged
                   themselves
                   under
                   the
                   banners
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Anchises
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   goddess
                   Venus
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   said
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   the
                   13
                   Chapter
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Creusa
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Daughters
                   of
                   King
                   Priamus
                   .
                
                 
                   Antenor
                   with
                   his
                   Fleet
                   sailed
                   into
                   the
                   Adriatick
                   Sea
                   called
                   now
                   the
                   Gulfe
                   of
                   Venice
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Henetes
                   who
                   came
                   with
                   him
                   ,
                   laid
                   the
                   foundations
                   of
                   the
                   famous
                   City
                   of
                   
                     Venice
                     .
                     Antenor
                  
                   entered
                   farther
                   into
                   the
                   land
                   ,
                   and
                   built
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Padova
                   named
                   by
                   the
                   Latines
                   Patavium
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Francus
                   marched
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   the
                   River
                   of
                   Rhine
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   passed
                   into
                   Gallia
                   ,
                   amongst
                   the
                   Gauls
                   ,
                   who
                   have
                   borrowed
                   from
                   him
                   their
                   name
                   Francois
                   .
                
                 
                   Aeneas
                   gathered
                   together
                   ,
                   as
                   many
                   as
                   
                   he
                   could
                   save
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   burning
                   of
                   Troy
                   where
                   he
                   lost
                   his
                   Wife
                   
                     Creusa
                     ▪
                  
                   carrying
                   away
                   his
                   aged
                   Father
                   Anchises
                   upon
                   his
                   shoulders
                   with
                   his
                   domestick
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   leading
                   his
                   little
                   Son
                   Ascanius
                   by
                   the
                   hand
                   .
                   In
                   this
                   manner
                   he
                   marched
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   Antandrum
                   a
                   City
                   of
                   Phrygia
                   not
                   far
                   distant
                   from
                   the
                   Mountain
                   of
                   Ida
                   ,
                   where
                   his
                   Fleet
                   of
                   twenty
                   Ships
                   was
                   prepared
                   and
                   ready
                   to
                   set
                   sail
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   embarked
                   with
                   his
                   people
                   ,
                   he
                   bended
                   his
                   course
                   to
                   ▪
                   wards
                   the
                   coast
                   of
                   Thracia
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   had
                   a
                   design
                   to
                   settle
                   and
                   build
                   a
                   City
                   .
                   But
                   he
                   was
                   diverted
                   from
                   it
                   by
                   fearful
                   outcryes
                   that
                   were
                   heard
                   in
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   where
                   Polydorus
                   had
                   been
                   murdered
                   ,
                   and
                   buried
                   by
                   Polymnestor
                   the
                   treacherous
                   and
                   perfididious
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   have
                   already
                   taken
                   notice
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   Chapter
                   .
                
                 
                   From
                   thence
                   he
                   departed
                   and
                   sailed
                   as
                   far
                   as
                   Creta
                   with
                   a
                   design
                   to
                   settle
                   himself
                   there
                   ,
                   but
                   a
                   furious
                   pestilence
                   gave
                   him
                   such
                   bad
                   entertainment
                   in
                   this
                   Place
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   flie
                   away
                   ,
                   his
                   domestick
                   gods
                   did
                   then
                   warn
                   him
                   in
                   a
                   Dream
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   proceed
                   towards
                   Italy
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   there
                   he
                   should
                   settle
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   his
                   conquests
                   .
                   Assoon
                   as
                   he
                   had
                   commanded
                   his
                   Sails
                   to
                   be
                   hoised
                   up
                   a
                   furious
                   storm
                   drives
                   him
                   and
                   his
                   Fleet
                   on
                   shore
                   ,
                   on
                   the
                   Islands
                   called
                   Strophades
                   where
                   the
                   Harpyes
                   a
                   cruel
                   and
                   strange
                   sort
                   of
                   Birds
                   did
                   mightily
                   
                   persecute
                   him
                   and
                   his
                   people
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   sailed
                   along
                   the
                   Coast
                   of
                   Epirus
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   happily
                   did
                   meet
                   with
                   Andromache
                   Hector's
                   wife
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   espoused
                   afterwards
                   to
                   ●yrrus
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   passed
                   into
                   Greece
                   .
                   But
                   he
                   having
                   divorced
                   her
                   ,
                   gave
                   her
                   in
                   marriage
                   to
                   Helenus
                   with
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   of
                   Epirus
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   made
                   him
                   a
                   Sovereign
                   Prince
                   .
                
                 
                   After
                   that
                   Aeneas
                   had
                   been
                   kindly
                   entertained
                   by
                   Helenus
                   ,
                   he
                   received
                   from
                   him
                   instructions
                   ,
                   how
                   he
                   should
                   proceed
                   in
                   his
                   voyage
                   into
                   Italy
                   .
                   He
                   departed
                   and
                   arrived
                   at
                   Drepanum
                   in
                   Sicily
                   having
                   happily
                   past
                   the
                   coast
                   of
                   the
                   Cyclopes
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   saved
                   a
                   miserable
                   fellow
                   of
                   the
                   men
                   of
                   Vlysses
                   left
                   there
                   behind
                   by
                   this
                   vagabond
                   and
                   unfortunate
                   Prince
                   .
                   He
                   passed
                   also
                   over-against
                   the
                   Promontories
                   of
                   Scylla
                   and
                   Caribdis
                   without
                   harm
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   this
                   place
                   was
                   unfortunate
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   for
                   there
                   he
                   lost
                   his
                   old
                   Father
                   Anchises
                   ,
                   who
                   ended
                   his
                   days
                   in
                   a
                   very
                   decrepit
                   age
                   :
                   Acestes
                   the
                   Prince
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   did
                   comfort
                   him
                   by
                   granting
                   unto
                   him
                   all
                   the
                   assistance
                   and
                   favour
                   ,
                   that
                   his
                   dominions
                   or
                   abilities
                   could
                   afford
                   :
                   And
                   when
                   Aeneas
                   departed
                   ,
                   he
                   furnished
                   his
                   ships
                   with
                   very
                   good
                   wine
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Provisions
                   .
                
                 
                   About
                   this
                   time
                   Juno
                   the
                   sworn
                   enemy
                   of
                   the
                   Trojans
                   sent
                   to
                   Aeolus
                   the
                   god
                   of
                   the
                   winds
                   to
                   perswade
                   him
                   to
                   let
                   them
                   
                   flie
                   out
                   against
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Fleet
                   that
                   it
                   might
                   be
                   cast
                   away
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   reduc'd
                   to
                   the
                   last
                   extreamity
                   ,
                   by
                   this
                   Storm
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   infallibly
                   perish'd
                   ,
                   had
                   not
                   Neptunus
                   been
                   displeased
                   ,
                   because
                   this
                   tempest
                   had
                   happened
                   without
                   his
                   privity
                   or
                   consent
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   pacified
                   the
                   waves
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   and
                   left
                   the
                   Fleet
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   scattered
                   upon
                   the
                   Coast
                   of
                   Africa
                   near
                   Carthage
                   seven
                   years
                   after
                   their
                   depart
                   from
                   Troy.
                   
                
                 
                   At
                   that
                   time
                   Elisa
                   sirnamed
                   Dido
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Tyre
                   ,
                   the
                   Widow
                   of
                   Sicheus
                   had
                   lately
                   settled
                   herself
                   in
                   Africa
                   ,
                   overagainst
                   Drepanum
                   in
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   for
                   when
                   she
                   saw
                   her
                   Husband
                   murdered
                   by
                   Her
                   wicked
                   Brother
                   Pigmalion
                   ,
                   who
                   desired
                   to
                   get
                   his
                   riches
                   into
                   his
                   possession
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   she
                   saw
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   intended
                   the
                   same
                   mischief
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   she
                   imbarked
                   her self
                   with
                   all
                   her
                   riches
                   ,
                   which
                   this
                   Traitor
                   had
                   a
                   design
                   to
                   take
                   ,
                   and
                   sailed
                   with
                   them
                   into
                   Africa
                   ,
                   where
                   for
                   a
                   vast
                   sum
                   of
                   mony
                   ,
                   she
                   bought
                   from
                   the
                   Natives
                   ,
                   as
                   much
                   ground
                   as
                   she
                   could
                   compass
                   with
                   an
                   Oxes
                   hide
                   to
                   settle
                   there
                   her
                   dwelling
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   could
                   obtain
                   no
                   more
                   from
                   them
                   ,
                   she
                   caused
                   the
                   hide
                   to
                   be
                   cut
                   in
                   very
                   slender
                   pieces
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   they
                   where
                   able
                   to
                   compasse
                   in
                   a
                   very
                   large
                   circuit
                   of
                   ground
                   .
                   There
                   she
                   laid
                   the
                   Foundations
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Cartbage
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   called
                   at
                   first
                   By●sa
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   Oxes
                   hide
                   .
                
                 
                   Aeneas
                   and
                   all
                   his
                   men
                   went
                   to
                   seek
                   
                   Protection
                   from
                   his
                   Queen
                   ,
                   who
                   received
                   them
                   very
                   kindly
                   .
                   She
                   grew
                   so
                   amorous
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   willing
                   to
                   have
                   made
                   him
                   her
                   husband
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   the
                   resolution
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   had
                   formerly
                   taken
                   to
                   marry
                   none
                   after
                   Sicheus
                   unto
                   whom
                   she
                   had
                   devoted
                   her
                   heart
                   and
                   affections
                   ,
                   when
                   therefore
                   Hiarbus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Getulia
                   ,
                   her
                   neighbour
                   ,
                   was
                   a
                   Suiter
                   to
                   her
                   ,
                   she
                   sent
                   him
                   back
                   with
                   a
                   flat
                   denial
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   procured
                   unto
                   herself
                   his
                   displeasure
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   when
                   Aeneas
                   had
                   made
                   some
                   short
                   stay
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   ,
                   Jupiter
                   dispatcht
                   away
                   a
                   messenger
                   unto
                   him
                   to
                   command
                   him
                   to
                   leave
                   Africa
                   and
                   obey
                   his
                   Destinies
                   that
                   did
                   call
                   him
                   into
                   
                     Italy
                     .
                     Dido
                  
                   endeavoured
                   in
                   vain
                   to
                   stop
                   him
                   ;
                   when
                   therefore
                   she
                   saw
                   him
                   resolved
                   to
                   depart
                   ,
                   she
                   loaded
                   him
                   with
                   the
                   curses
                   and
                   reproaches
                   of
                   a
                   furious
                   and
                   despairing
                   Lover
                   ,
                   then
                   having
                   caused
                   a
                   pile
                   of
                   wood
                   to
                   be
                   erected
                   ,
                   she
                   ascended
                   upon
                   it
                   and
                   kill'd
                   her self
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   sword
                   prepared
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   .
                   Her
                   body
                   was
                   burning
                   in
                   the
                   sight
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   under
                   sail
                   .
                   Virgil
                   relates
                   the
                   Story
                   in
                   this
                   manner
                   in
                   the
                   Fourth
                   Book
                   of
                   the
                   Aeneids
                   after
                   that
                   in
                   the
                   First
                   he
                   had
                   described
                   that
                   furious
                   Storm
                   that
                   cast
                   him
                   after
                   his
                   depart
                   from
                   Sicily
                   upon
                   the
                   coast
                   of
                   Africa
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   joyfully
                   received
                   by
                   Dido
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   second
                   he
                   relates
                   unto
                   this
                   Queen
                   ,
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   the
                   burning
                   
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   Third
                   Book
                   ,
                   he
                   gives
                   unto
                   her
                   an
                   account
                   of
                   the
                   several
                   particulars
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   happened
                   unto
                   him
                   after
                   his
                   leaving
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   until
                   his
                   first
                   arrival
                   into
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   next
                   year
                   after
                   he
                   was
                   forced
                   by
                   another
                   tempest
                   to
                   put
                   into
                   Sicily
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   had
                   left
                   Carthage
                   .
                   At
                   this
                   time
                   he
                   paid
                   unto
                   the
                   memory
                   of
                   his
                   Father
                   Anchises
                   many
                   funeral
                   Rites
                   ,
                   celebrating
                   several
                   sorts
                   of
                   playes
                   and
                   combats
                   upon
                   his
                   tomb
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   left
                   all
                   the
                   weak
                   and
                   decripit
                   persons
                   ,
                   useless
                   in
                   war
                   ,
                   with
                   Alcestes
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   his
                   companions
                   he
                   passed
                   into
                   Italy
                   .
                
                 
                   He
                   arrived
                   very
                   happily
                   at
                   Cumes
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   visited
                   the
                   Sybil
                   in
                   her
                   Cave
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   her
                   means
                   he
                   might
                   go
                   down
                   into
                   Hell
                   ,
                   and
                   enter
                   into
                   the
                   Elisian
                   Fields
                   ,
                   to
                   discourse
                   with
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   and
                   learn
                   all
                   the
                   passages
                   of
                   his
                   life
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   future
                   adventures
                   .
                   He
                   performed
                   this
                   Journey
                   in
                   the
                   company
                   of
                   the
                   Sybil
                   ,
                   having
                   first
                   found
                   the
                   golden
                   branch
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   at
                   the
                   entrance
                   of
                   Hell
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   was
                   to
                   be
                   presented
                   by
                   him
                   to
                   Proserpina
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   his
                   return
                   from
                   Hell
                   he
                   puts
                   again
                   to
                   Sea
                   ,
                   and
                   sails
                   with
                   his
                   Fleet
                   to
                   the
                   mouth
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   of
                   Tiber
                   ,
                   from
                   thence
                   he
                   went
                   to
                   Laurentum
                   to
                   visit
                   King
                   
                     Latinus
                     ▪
                  
                   who
                   did
                   command
                   in
                   that
                   place
                   .
                   This
                   Prince
                   received
                   him
                   with
                   all
                   expressions
                   of
                   kindness
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   he
                   understood
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   his
                   coming
                   ,
                   he
                   promised
                   to
                   bestow
                   
                   upon
                   him
                   his
                   onely
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   Lavinia
                   in
                   marriage
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   informed
                   by
                   the
                   Oracle
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   gods
                   had
                   designed
                   her
                   for
                   this
                   forrein
                   Prince
                   .
                   She
                   had
                   been
                   nevertheless
                   promised
                   before
                   to
                   Turnus
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Rutuli
                   ,
                   and
                   Amata
                   the
                   Queen
                   her
                   Mother
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Latinus
                   ,
                   did
                   mightily
                   favour
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   This
                   happy
                   beginning
                   did
                   increase
                   very
                   much
                   ,
                   and
                   raise
                   the
                   Spirits
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   and
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   forget
                   all
                   the
                   miseries
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   endured
                   in
                   his
                   long
                   voyage
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   years
                   .
                   But
                   Juno
                   was
                   not
                   a
                   little
                   displeased
                   at
                   his
                   felicity
                   ,
                   therefore
                   she
                   sent
                   for
                   Alecto
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   furies
                   of
                   Hell
                   to
                   kindle
                   a
                   war
                   ,
                   and
                   destroy
                   the
                   hopes
                   of
                   the
                   Trojans
                   .
                
                 
                   Assoon
                   as
                   Turnus
                   had
                   understood
                   these
                   passages
                   ,
                   he
                   gathered
                   all
                   his
                   forces
                   ,
                   and
                   those
                   of
                   his
                   friends
                   together
                   to
                   march
                   against
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Trojans
                   .
                   But
                   their
                   number
                   being
                   few
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   resist
                   ,
                   the
                   god
                   Tiberinus
                   encouraged
                   them
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   ready
                   to
                   faint
                   away
                   for
                   fear
                   ,
                   and
                   advised
                   Aeneas
                   to
                   ascend
                   higher
                   up
                   into
                   the
                   Country
                   to
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   where
                   Rome
                   was
                   afterwards
                   built
                   ,
                   to
                   visit
                   King
                   Evander
                   ,
                   with
                   whom
                   he
                   made
                   a
                   firm
                   league
                   ,
                   and
                   from
                   whom
                   he
                   obtained
                   succours
                   ,
                   which
                   Pallas
                   the
                   only
                   Son
                   of
                   this
                   Prince
                   was
                   resolved
                   to
                   lead
                   in
                   Person
                   to
                   assist
                   Aeneas
                   .
                   He
                   departed
                   therefore
                   with
                   them
                   to
                   joyn
                   with
                   the
                   Trojans
                   ,
                   whilest
                   Aeneas
                   
                   accepting
                   of
                   a
                   favourable
                   opportunity
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   there
                   presented
                   unto
                   him
                   to
                   engage
                   the
                   Tyrrhenians
                   in
                   his
                   party
                   ,
                   he
                   departed
                   into
                   that
                   Country
                   to
                   perswade
                   them
                   ,
                   he
                   found
                   them
                   all
                   in
                   arms
                   against
                   their
                   King
                   Mezentius
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   committed
                   most
                   horrid
                   cruelties
                   ,
                   for
                   he
                   did
                   joyn
                   and
                   tie
                   the
                   living
                   to
                   the
                   dead
                   ,
                   placing
                   their
                   mouths
                   and
                   all
                   the
                   foreparts
                   of
                   the
                   bodies
                   of
                   the
                   one
                   against
                   the
                   same
                   members
                   of
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   cause
                   them
                   to
                   languish
                   to
                   death
                   in
                   this
                   most
                   cruel
                   and
                   loathsome
                   manner
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Army
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   in
                   his
                   absence
                   suffered
                   many
                   inconveniencie
                   ,
                   for
                   Turnus
                   had
                   besieged
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Subjects
                   had
                   burnt
                   up
                   their
                   Ships
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   afterwards
                   turned
                   by
                   Jupiter
                   into
                   Nyniphs
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   at
                   the
                   request
                   of
                   the
                   goddesse
                   Cybele
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   received
                   them
                   into
                   her
                   protection
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   means
                   the
                   Trojans
                   were
                   forced
                   to
                   suffer
                   many
                   great
                   evils
                   ,
                   and
                   were
                   reduced
                   to
                   many
                   extremities
                   .
                   But
                   Aeneas
                   came
                   happily
                   to
                   their
                   aid
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   strong
                   party
                   of
                   Tyrrhenians
                   ,
                   and
                   Venus
                   his
                   Mother
                   did
                   maintain
                   their
                   interest
                   with
                   Jupiter
                   against
                   the
                   rage
                   and
                   endeavours
                   of
                   Juno
                   .
                   Besides
                   she
                   caused
                   Vulcan
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   such
                   strong
                   and
                   sound
                   Arms
                   for
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   as
                   did
                   render
                   him
                   invincible
                   in
                   all
                   encounters
                   ,
                   and
                   entertain
                   in
                   his
                   Soul
                   a
                   warlike
                   and
                   noble
                   disposition
                   ,
                   for
                   in
                   his
                   buckler
                   were
                   described
                   all
                   the
                   glorious
                   deeds
                   and
                   adventures
                   
                   of
                   his
                   successors
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   most
                   artificial
                   and
                   divine
                   manner
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   this
                   war
                   a
                   great
                   deal
                   of
                   blood
                   was
                   shed
                   on
                   both
                   sides
                   .
                   Aeneas
                   was
                   never
                   so
                   much
                   concerned
                   ,
                   as
                   at
                   the
                   death
                   of
                   Nisus
                   ,
                   of
                   Euryalus
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   of
                   
                     Pallas
                     Evanders
                  
                   Son.
                   But
                   he
                   ●●venged
                   their
                   deaths
                   by
                   the
                   slaughter
                   of
                   the
                   King
                   Mezentius
                   ,
                   of
                   Lausus
                   his
                   Son
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   many
                   others
                   .
                   Camilla
                   the
                   Queen
                   of
                   the
                   Volsci
                   did
                   mightily
                   encourage
                   and
                   strengthen
                   the
                   Army
                   of
                   Turnus
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   reported
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   as
                   generous
                   as
                   a
                   Lion
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   so
                   light
                   footed
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   did
                   scarce
                   touch
                   the
                   ground
                   in
                   running
                   ,
                   but
                   an
                   unhappy
                   blow
                   of
                   a
                   Lance
                   took
                   away
                   her
                   life
                   in
                   the
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   fight
                   .
                   Her
                   fall
                   did
                   astonish
                   all
                   the
                   Army
                   of
                   Turnus
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   this
                   encounter
                   Aeneas
                   was
                   wounded
                   with
                   an
                   arrow
                   ,
                   but
                   Venus
                   did
                   then
                   apply
                   the
                   Herb
                   Ditany
                   so
                   seasonably
                   to
                   his
                   wound
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   cured
                   in
                   an
                   instant
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   did
                   so
                   effectually
                   encourage
                   his
                   men
                   ,
                   that
                   Turnus
                   seeing
                   no
                   other
                   remedy
                   to
                   his
                   Affairs
                   and
                   Hopes
                   ,
                   that
                   were
                   almost
                   lost
                   ,
                   he
                   challenged
                   him
                   to
                   fight
                   in
                   a
                   single
                   Combat
                   ,
                   to
                   put
                   an
                   end
                   by
                   that
                   means
                   to
                   their
                   differences
                   .
                
                 
                   Aeneas
                   was
                   very
                   joyful
                   of
                   this
                   proposition
                   therefore
                   he
                   encounters
                   him
                   hand
                   to
                   hand
                   ▪
                   lays
                   him
                   upon
                   the
                   ground
                   ,
                   &
                   kills
                   him
                   .
                   After
                   this
                   victory
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Lavinia
                   ,
                   and
                   took
                   possession
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdom
                   of
                   the
                   Latine●
                   
                   He
                   built
                   and
                   fortified
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Lavinium
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   not
                   far
                   distant
                   from
                   
                     Laurentum
                     .
                     Julus
                     Ascanius
                  
                   his
                   son
                   succeeded
                   him
                   in
                   this
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   and
                   built
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Alba
                   sirnamed
                   Longa
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   its
                   scituation
                   ,
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   were
                   called
                   Albani
                   ,
                   that
                   City
                   was
                   the
                   Metropolis
                   of
                   the
                   Latine
                   people
                   ,
                   until
                   the
                   reign
                   of
                   Romulus
                   ,
                   who
                   laid
                   the
                   foundations
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   conquered
                   all
                   the
                   Countrey
                   round
                   about
                   it
                   .
                   
                     Tullius
                     Hostilius
                  
                   the
                   third
                   King
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   pul'd
                   down
                   ,
                   and
                   leveled
                   to
                   the
                   ground
                   the
                   walls
                   of
                   the
                   city
                   of
                   Alba
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   afterwards
                   there
                   remained
                   no
                   signs
                   of
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   Before
                   we
                   finish
                   this
                   Story
                   ,
                   we
                   must
                   take
                   notice
                   that
                   the
                   truth
                   is
                   mingled
                   with
                   many
                   fables
                   ,
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   certain
                   ,
                   that
                   Virgilius
                   relates
                   the
                   adventures
                   of
                   Dido
                   ,
                   only
                   as
                   a
                   pleasant
                   fiction
                   to
                   adorn
                   his
                   Poem
                   ;
                   for
                   Dido
                   did
                   live
                   ,
                   and
                   Carthage
                   was
                   built
                   ,
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   hundred
                   years
                   after
                   the
                   ruine
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XXI
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   several
                   other
                   famous
                   Men
                   ,
                   frequently
                   named
                   in
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Writers
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   mentioned
                   by
                   Gautruchius
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   Wonder
                   that
                   in
                   the
                   last
                   Chapter
                   our
                   
                   learned
                   Jesuit
                   hath
                   not
                   mentioned
                   a
                   faithful
                   companion
                   of
                   Aeneas
                   ,
                   who
                   loved
                   
                   him
                   so
                   tenderly
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   could
                   never
                   be
                   separated
                   from
                   him
                   but
                   by
                   death
                   ;
                   this
                   name
                   was
                   Achates
                   .
                   In
                   all
                   estates
                   he
                   did
                   stick
                   close
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   accompany
                   him
                   in
                   his
                   greatest
                   dangers
                   :
                   therefore
                   he
                   is
                   styled
                   
                     Fidus
                     Achates
                  
                   by
                   Virgil.
                   
                
                 
                   
                   Aristeus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Nymph
                   Cyrene
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Peneus
                   ,
                   taught
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   honey
                   and
                   of
                   oyl
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   a
                   famous
                   Shepheard
                   in
                   his
                   time
                   ;
                   a
                   great
                   admirer
                   of
                   the
                   Nymph
                   Eurydice
                   ,
                   whom
                   he
                   pursued
                   to
                   have
                   taken
                   ,
                   but
                   she
                   ran
                   away
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   unfortunately
                   wounded
                   to
                   death
                   by
                   a
                   serpent
                   in
                   her
                   flight
                   ;
                   therefore
                   her
                   comrades
                   sought
                   revenge
                   upon
                   Aristeus
                   for
                   her
                   death
                   ,
                   by
                   destroying
                   his
                   Bees
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   he
                   did
                   delight
                   .
                   The
                   truth
                   is
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   pious
                   man
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   great
                   favorite
                   of
                   
                     Jupiter
                     ▪
                  
                   from
                   whom
                   he
                   obtained
                   the
                   Etesian
                   winds
                   ,
                   to
                   cool
                   the
                   immoderate
                   heat
                   of
                   the
                   summer
                   Sun
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   prevent
                   the
                   mischiefs
                   which
                   
                   the
                   Dog-star
                   would
                   cause
                   in
                   the
                   hot
                   Countreys
                   ,
                   without
                   these
                   favourable
                   blasts
                   .
                
                 
                   Asopus
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   who
                   nevertheless
                   committed
                   incest
                   with
                   his
                   Daughter
                   Aegina
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   ravisht
                   her
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   flame
                   of
                   fire
                   :
                   Their
                   Father
                   Asopus
                   did
                   hasten
                   to
                   her
                   assistance
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   little
                   purpose
                   ,
                   for
                   she
                   proved
                   with
                   child
                   of
                   Aeacus
                   ;
                   and
                   Jupiter
                   for
                   his
                   impudency
                   ,
                   to
                   offer
                   to
                   oppose
                   him
                   ,
                   struck
                   him
                   dead
                   with
                   his
                   thunder-bolts
                   .
                   What
                   lascivious
                   ,
                   what
                   shameless
                   gods
                   did
                   the
                   Heathens
                   adore
                   !
                   the
                   greatest
                   
                   promoters
                   of
                   incest
                   ,
                   of
                   murder
                   ,
                   of
                   villany
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Now
                   this
                   Asopus
                   was
                   a
                   River
                   not
                   far
                   from
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   or
                   rather
                   a
                   Prince
                   who
                   left
                   his
                   name
                   to
                   that
                   River
                   .
                   He
                   had
                   another
                   
                   Daughter
                   named
                   Plataea
                   ,
                   whom
                   Jupiter
                   pretended
                   to
                   advance
                   into
                   Junos
                   place
                   ,
                   only
                   to
                   oblige
                   her
                   to
                   seek
                   his
                   favour
                   ,
                   and
                   be
                   reconciled
                   to
                   him
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Canopus
                   was
                   the
                   Pilot
                   of
                   the
                   Ship
                   which
                   brought
                   Menelaüs
                   back
                   towards
                   Greece
                   ,
                   when
                   a
                   storm
                   had
                   forced
                   him
                   on
                   the
                   coast
                   of
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   
                   after
                   the
                   ruine
                   〈◊〉
                   roy
                   .
                   This
                   Canopus
                   went
                   on
                   shore
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   ●tung
                   to
                   death
                   by
                   a
                   Serpent
                   ;
                   but
                   afterwards
                   the
                   Egyptian
                   Priests
                   ,
                   having
                   performed
                   a
                   seeming
                   miracle
                   with
                   his
                   statue
                   ,
                   they
                   caused
                   him
                   to
                   be
                   worshiped
                   
                   as
                   a
                   god
                   ;
                   and
                   gave
                   his
                   name
                   to
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   stars
                   of
                   the
                   firmament
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   a
                   famous
                   Town
                   of
                   Egypt
                   .
                   And
                   hence
                   it
                   is
                   ,
                   that
                   this
                   Kingdom
                   is
                   called
                   
                     Terra
                     Canopi
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   people
                   
                     Gens
                     Canopi
                  
                   .
                   His
                   image
                   was
                   worshipped
                   by
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   ,
                   although
                   
                   it
                   was
                   made
                   as
                   a
                   dwarf
                   with
                   a
                   great
                   belly
                   ,
                   with
                   short
                   legs
                   and
                   a
                   crooked
                   neck
                   .
                
                 
                   Cephalus
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Procris
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Hyphilus
                   King
                   of
                   
                     Athens
                     ;
                     Ai●rora
                  
                   was
                   so
                   fond
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   carried
                   him
                   away
                   with
                   her
                   ;
                   but
                   he
                   would
                   never
                   consent
                   to
                   her
                   lust
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   kept
                   for
                   his
                   wife
                   an
                   unparalleld
                   constancy
                   ;
                   which
                   caused
                   her
                   to
                   send
                   him
                   home
                   in
                   a
                   disguise
                   ,
                   to
                   be
                   an
                   eye
                   witness
                   of
                   his
                   wifes
                   ingratitude
                   ,
                   and
                   unworthiness
                   of
                   his
                   faithful
                   love
                   ;
                   for
                   
                   he
                   surprized
                   her
                   in
                   dishonesty
                   ,
                   therefore
                   he
                   divorced
                   her
                   ;
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   afterwards
                   reconciled
                   to
                   her
                   again
                   .
                   She
                   grew
                   in
                   time
                   as
                   jealous
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   wont
                   to
                   rise
                   betimes
                   ,
                   and
                   recreate
                   himself
                   in
                   the
                   woods
                   in
                   hunting
                   :
                   She
                   followed
                   him
                   at
                   last
                   ,
                   and
                   hid
                   her self
                   in
                   a
                   bush
                   ,
                   to
                   see
                   if
                   she
                   could
                   discover
                   any
                   female
                   sex
                   come
                   near
                   him
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   in
                   the
                   pursuance
                   of
                   his
                   sport
                   ,
                   saw
                   a
                   creature
                   moving
                   in
                   the
                   thicket
                   ,
                   he
                   imagined
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   a
                   wilde
                   beast
                   ;
                   therefore
                   he
                   discharged
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   bowe
                   a
                   coup●●
                   of
                   arrows
                   ;
                   and
                   struck
                   his
                   unhappy
                   wife
                   〈◊〉
                   he
                   heart
                   .
                
                 
                   Erichtheus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Pandion
                   ,
                   an
                   Egyptian
                   born
                   ,
                   settled
                   in
                   the
                   Province
                   of
                   Attica
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   and
                   taught
                   the
                   ruder
                   sort
                   of
                   people
                   many
                   things
                   belonging
                   to
                   the
                   worship
                   of
                   the
                   gods
                   .
                   He
                   instituted
                   the
                   famous
                   festival
                   of
                   Athens
                   ,
                   called
                   
                     Sacra
                     Eleusina
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   Proserpina
                   ,
                   as
                   some
                   do
                   say
                   .
                   The
                   Athenians
                   having
                   chosen
                   him
                   their
                   King
                   ,
                   Eumolpus
                   Neptune's
                   Son
                   made
                   war
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   but
                   Erichtheus
                   killed
                   him
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   cause
                   this
                   god
                   was
                   mightily
                   offended
                   ,
                   and
                   demanded
                   one
                   of
                   his
                   Daughters
                   to
                   be
                   ●acrificed
                   to
                   him
                   as
                   a
                   satisfaction
                   .
                   The
                   unfortunate
                   Erichtheus
                   granted
                   one
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   three
                   others
                   destroyed
                   themselves
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   had
                   sworn
                   not
                   to
                   outlive
                   one
                   another
                   .
                   Erichtheus
                   afterwards
                   was
                   killed
                   by
                   Jupiters
                   thunderbolts
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   Athenians
                   honoured
                   his
                   memory
                   with
                   a
                   Temple
                   and
                   an
                   Altar
                   ,
                   and
                   worshipped
                   him
                   with
                   his
                   Daughters
                   ,
                   
                   for
                   offering
                   themselves
                   to
                   save
                   their
                   Country
                   
                   from
                   Neptunes
                   rage
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Harpocrates
                   was
                   the
                   Aegyptian
                   God
                   of
                   Silence
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Isis
                   ;
                   his
                   Statue
                   stood
                   near
                   the
                   Image
                   of
                   Serapis
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   finger
                   on
                   his
                   lips
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Wolves
                   skin
                   ,
                   full
                   of
                   eyes
                   ,
                   about
                   his
                   shoulders
                   .
                   Plutarch
                   names
                   him
                   
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   saith
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Peach-tree
                   was
                   consecrated
                   to
                   him
                   .
                   Amongst
                   the
                   Romans
                   the
                   Goddess
                   Angerona
                   ,
                   or
                   Volupia
                   ,
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   esteem
                   as
                   Harpocrates
                   amongst
                   the
                   Aegyptians
                   .
                
                 
                   Iphis
                   was
                   a
                   famous
                   Youth
                   ,
                   as
                   amorous
                   of
                   Anaxarete
                   as
                   he
                   was
                   beautiful
                   ,
                   yet
                   she
                   had
                   the
                   courage
                   to
                   give
                   him
                   a
                   repulse
                   ,
                   which
                   cast
                   him
                   into
                   such
                   a
                   fit
                   of
                   madness
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   destroyed
                   himself
                   .
                   When
                   his
                   Body
                   was
                   carried
                   to
                   be
                   buried
                   ,
                   Anaxarete
                   desi●ous
                   to
                   see
                   it
                   ,
                   looked
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   Window
                   so
                   ●arnestly
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   turned
                   into
                   a
                   Stone
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Poets
                   speak
                   of
                   another
                   Anaxarete
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   by
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   Isis
                   turned
                   into
                   a
                   Boy
                   .
                   This
                   fabulous
                   story
                   is
                   related
                   of
                   o●hers
                   as
                   true
                   by
                   persons
                   of
                   credit
                   .
                   The
                   Physitians
                   do
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   is
                   possible
                   that
                   Maids
                   should
                   become
                   Boys
                   by
                   a
                   violent
                   ex●ulsion
                   of
                   the
                   Natural
                   parts
                   .
                   In
                   Vitry
                   in
                   
                     France
                     ,
                     Mary
                     Germain
                  
                   was
                   betrothed
                   to
                   a
                   
                   ●opeful
                   young
                   man
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   in
                   great
                   expectation
                   of
                   enjoying
                   her
                   for
                   his
                   Wife
                   ,
                   ●ut
                   the
                   poor
                   Fellow
                   was
                   miserably
                   deceived
                   when
                   the
                   day
                   of
                   Marriage
                   was
                   come
                   ;
                   
                   she
                   happened
                   to
                   leap
                   more
                   violently
                   than
                   it
                   did
                   become
                   her
                   Sex
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   turned
                   from
                   a
                   Maid
                   into
                   a
                   Boy
                   ,
                   as
                   my
                   Author
                   tells
                   me
                   .
                
                 
                   Lycaon
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Titan
                   and
                   of
                   Terra
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Pelasgus
                   King
                   of
                   Arcadia
                   ,
                   was
                   so
                   cruel
                   a
                   Tyrant
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   murdered
                   all
                   strangers
                   that
                   did
                   fall
                   into
                   his
                   hands
                   .
                   Jupiter
                   being
                   desirous
                   to
                   know
                   whether
                   he
                   were
                   as
                   inhumane
                   as
                   the
                   report
                   did
                   make
                   him
                   ,
                   went
                   to
                   lodge
                   at
                   his
                   House
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   disguize
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   were
                   asleep
                   ,
                   Lycaon
                   endeavoured
                   to
                   destroy
                   Jupiter
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   saw
                   his
                   wicked
                   design
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   brought
                   to
                   pass
                   ,
                   he
                   took
                   an
                   Hostage
                   that
                   was
                   in
                   his
                   house
                   ,
                   boiled
                   part
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   roasted
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   his
                   members
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   laid
                   him
                   upon
                   the
                   Table
                   in
                   dishes
                   for
                   Jupiter
                   to
                   eat
                   .
                   Jupiter
                   inraged
                   at
                   this
                   horrible
                   deed
                   ,
                   leapt
                   from
                   the
                   Table
                   ,
                   and
                   departed
                   with
                   his
                   Heavenly
                   Company
                   in
                   a
                   Thunder
                   ,
                   leaving
                   the
                   Kings
                   Palace
                   in
                   a
                   flame
                   ,
                   at
                   which
                   sight
                   Lycaon
                   was
                   so
                   much
                   affrighted
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   ran
                   away
                   and
                   hid
                   himself
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   was
                   turned
                   into
                   a
                   ravenous
                   Wolf.
                   
                
                 
                   Lycus
                   ,
                   the
                   King
                   of
                   Beotia
                   ,
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Antiopa
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Nycteus
                   ,
                   whom
                   Jupiter
                   got
                   with-child
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   of
                   a
                   Satyr
                   .
                   When
                   Lycus
                   her
                   Husband
                   perceived
                   her
                   in
                   this
                   condition
                   ,
                   and
                   knew
                   that
                   it
                   did
                   not
                   proceed
                   from
                   him
                   ▪
                   he
                   put
                   her
                   away
                   ,
                   and
                   married
                   Dyree
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   so
                   
                   cruel
                   to
                   the
                   poor
                   Antiopa
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   kept
                   ●ier
                   fast
                   bound
                   in
                   Chains
                   .
                   Jupiter
                   out
                   of
                   compassion
                   released
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   sent
                   her
                   to
                   Mount
                   Citheron
                   ,
                   where
                   she
                   was
                   safely
                   delivered
                   of
                   Amphion
                   and
                   of
                   Zethus
                   ,
                   twins
                   ,
                   who
                   became
                   brave
                   and
                   renowned
                   men
                   of
                   their
                   time
                   .
                   When
                   they
                   grew
                   up
                   to
                   mans
                   estate
                   ,
                   they
                   revenged
                   their
                   Mothers
                   disgrace
                   upon
                   Lycus
                   her
                   Husband
                   ,
                   by
                   dragging
                   him
                   at
                   the
                   tail
                   of
                   a
                   Wild
                   Horse
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   tearing
                   his
                   Body
                   in
                   pieces
                   in
                   this
                   cruel
                   manner
                   .
                   Dirce
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Fountain
                   of
                   her
                   name
                   ,
                   after
                   that
                   she
                   had
                   been
                   most
                   inhumanely
                   treated
                   by
                   Amphion
                   and
                   by
                   Zethus
                   ,
                   whom
                   we
                   have
                   mentioned
                   before
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Lynceus
                   was
                   a
                   barbarous
                   Prince
                   of
                   Scythia
                   ,
                   he
                   entertained
                   in
                   his
                   house
                   a
                   messenger
                   named
                   Triptolcmus
                   ,
                   whom
                   Ceres
                   had
                   sent
                   to
                   him
                   to
                   teach
                   him
                   how
                   to
                   sow
                   corn
                   ,
                   and
                   till
                   the
                   earth
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   had
                   understood
                   as
                   much
                   as
                   was
                   required
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   ,
                   he
                   cruelly
                   murdered
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   himself
                   might
                   have
                   the
                   honour
                   of
                   the
                   first
                   invention
                   of
                   such
                   useful
                   Arts.
                   Ceres
                   punisht
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   changed
                   him
                   into
                   a
                   Beast
                   ,
                   called
                   Lynx
                   .
                   We
                   have
                   already
                   mentioned
                   this
                   cruel
                   King
                   in
                   another
                   place
                   .
                
                 
                   Nycteus
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Neptunus
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Nymph
                   C●lene
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   
                     Atlas
                     ;
                     Nyctimene
                  
                   his
                   Daughter
                   fell
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   the
                   means
                   of
                   her
                   Nurse
                   made
                   him
                   drunk
                   ,
                   and
                   committed
                   Incest
                   
                   with
                   him
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   he
                   came
                   to
                   know
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   so
                   much
                   vex
                   and
                   torment
                   her
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   sled
                   away
                   into
                   the
                   Woods
                   to
                   hide
                   her self
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   there
                   turned
                   into
                   an
                   Owl
                   .
                
                 
                   Tereus
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Mars
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Bristoni●
                   ,
                   ravi●●t
                   Philomela
                   his
                   own
                   Sister
                   ,
                   after
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   espoused
                   Progne
                   King
                   Pandions
                   Daughter
                   :
                   Afterwards
                   he
                   was
                   so
                   inhumane
                   as
                   to
                   cut
                   her
                   tongue
                   out
                   of
                   her
                   mouth
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   might
                   not
                   discover
                   his
                   Villany
                   .
                   Philomela
                   being
                   deprived
                   of
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   that
                   member
                   ,
                   imployed
                   her
                   hand
                   to
                   write
                   a
                   Letter
                   to
                   her
                   Sister-in-law
                   Progne
                   ,
                   and
                   acquaint
                   her
                   with
                   her
                   Husbands
                   inhumanity
                   .
                   As
                   soon
                   as
                   she
                   came
                   to
                   understand
                   it
                   ,
                   she
                   kill'd
                   her
                   Son
                   Itys
                   ,
                   boiled
                   him
                   ,
                   and
                   presented
                   him
                   to
                   Tereus
                   for
                   his
                   Supper
                   .
                   This
                   cruelty
                   cast
                   him
                   into
                   such
                   a
                   fit
                   of
                   madness
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   ran
                   to
                   his
                   Wife
                   with
                   a
                   naked
                   Sword
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   design
                   to
                   kill
                   her
                   ;
                   but
                   she
                   was
                   turned
                   into
                   a
                   Swallow
                   ,
                   and
                   escaped
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   reach
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   metamorphosed
                   into
                   a
                   Lapwing
                   ▪
                   and
                   Philomela
                   into
                   a
                   Nightingale
                   ,
                   that
                   yo●
                   laments
                   for
                   the
                   loss
                   of
                   her
                   Maidenhead
                   .
                   
                     
                       
                       —
                       Ityn
                       huc
                       accersite
                       ,
                       dixit
                       .
                    
                     
                       Dissimulare
                       nequit
                       crudelia
                       gaudia
                       Progne
                       .
                    
                     
                       Intus
                       habes
                       ,
                       quod
                       poscis
                       ,
                       ait
                       ,
                       circumspicit
                       ill●
                       ▪
                    
                     
                       Atque
                       ubi
                       sit
                       ,
                       quaerit
                       ,
                       quaerenti
                       iterumque
                       v●canti
                       ,
                       &c
                    
                  
                
                 
                 
                   Tityus
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   of
                   Elara
                   ,
                   w
                   s
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   been
                   hid
                   by
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   young
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   Juno
                   .
                   He
                   was
                   kill'd
                   by
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   attempted
                   to
                   ravish
                   Latona
                   his
                   Mother
                   :
                   He
                   is
                   now
                   cast
                   into
                   Hell
                   ,
                   where
                   his
                   huge
                   Body
                   covers
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Poets
                   say
                   ,
                   nine
                   acres
                   of
                   ground
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   heart
                   is
                   continually
                   tormented
                   by
                   the
                   beaking
                   of
                   Ravens
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   Fable
                   is
                   intimated
                   the
                   troubles
                   and
                   tortures
                   of
                   a
                   wounded
                   Conscience
                   :
                   No
                   Raven
                   nor
                   Eagle
                   can
                   cause
                   more
                   pain
                   by
                   frequent
                   beaking
                   ,
                   than
                   the
                   sense
                   of
                   a
                   grievous
                   sin
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   not
                   accompanied
                   with
                   the
                   hopes
                   of
                   Gods
                   mercy
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XXII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Hcathen
                   Gods
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   proper
                   ●●
                   several
                   places
                   and
                   Countryes
                   in
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   and
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   men
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   Shall
                   not
                   name
                   
                     Jupiter
                     ,
                     Apollo
                     ,
                     Mercurius
                     ,
                     Belus
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   other
                   Gods
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   we
                   have
                   given
                   a
                   sufficient
                   account
                   before
                   ;
                   I
                   confess
                   these
                   universal
                   Gods
                   had
                   been
                   but
                   men
                   ,
                   or
                   rather
                   these
                   names
                   of
                   men
                   had
                   been
                   translated
                   and
                   ascribed
                   to
                   the
                   Gods.
                   I
                   shall
                   here
                   ▪
                   speak
                   of
                   the
                   particular
                   Gods
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   adored
                   in
                   many
                   places
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   whose
                   Jurisdiction
                   did
                   reach
                   no
                   farther
                   than
                   the
                   bounds
                   of
                   a
                   Kingdom
                   ,
                   or
                   
                   of
                   a
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   whose
                   care
                   and
                   protection
                   the
                   places
                   where
                   they
                   were
                   adored
                   were
                   committed
                   .
                
                 
                   Psapho
                   was
                   a
                   cunning
                   Fellow
                   of
                   Lybia
                   ,
                   who
                   lived
                   in
                   some
                   reputation
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   desirous
                   of
                   more
                   ,
                   unto
                   which
                   he
                   attained
                   by
                   this
                   act
                   of
                   pollicy
                   :
                   He
                   taught
                   secretly
                   in
                   his
                   dwelling
                   a
                   multitude
                   of
                   Parrots
                   to
                   say
                   in
                   the
                   Punick
                   language
                   ,
                   
                     Psapho
                     is
                     a
                     great
                     God.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   they
                   had
                   well
                   learned
                   this
                   Lesson
                   ,
                   he
                   sent
                   them
                   out
                   into
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   and
                   into
                   the
                   Fields
                   :
                   By
                   this
                   means
                   it
                   happened
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   prating
                   Birds
                   that
                   knew
                   no
                   other
                   language
                   ,
                   by
                   frequent
                   repetitions
                   ,
                   taught
                   it
                   to
                   many
                   other
                   Birds
                   ,
                   that
                   divulged
                   and
                   proclaimed
                   it
                   all
                   over
                   the
                   Country
                   .
                   The
                   ignorant
                   people
                   had
                   no
                   sooner
                   heard
                   them
                   ,
                   but
                   they
                   believed
                   that
                   Psapho
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   ,
                   therefore
                   they
                   appointed
                   unto
                   him
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   part
                   of
                   Lybia
                   ,
                   a
                   Temple
                   ,
                   Sacrifices
                   ,
                   Priests
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   other
                   things
                   belonging
                   to
                   the
                   Worship
                   of
                   the
                   true
                   God.
                   
                
                 
                   Carmelus
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Mount
                   Carmel
                   in
                   
                     Judaea
                     .
                     Tacit.
                  
                   mentions
                   him
                   when
                   he
                   relates
                   how
                   his
                   Priest
                   did
                   foretell
                   unto
                   Vespasian
                   that
                   he
                   should
                   be
                   Emperour
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   
                     Enenth
                     Seir
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   as
                   some
                   call
                   him
                   Enenthius
                   ,
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Phoenicians
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Epires
                   was
                   the
                   great
                   Interpreter
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   amongst
                   the
                   Aegyptians
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   painted
                   with
                   the
                   head
                   of
                   a
                   Hawk
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   Dercetus
                   was
                   a
                   Goddess
                   adored
                   near
                   Askalon
                   ,
                   and
                   represented
                   as
                   a
                   Beautiful
                   Woman
                   .
                   Ovid
                   makes
                   mention
                   of
                   her
                   ,
                   
                     lib
                     ▪
                  
                   4.
                   
                   Metam
                   .
                   
                     
                       —
                       De
                       te
                       Babylonia
                       narret
                    
                     
                       Derceti
                       ,
                       quam
                       versa
                       ,
                       squamis
                       velantibus
                       artus
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Stagna
                       Palestini
                       credunt
                       coluisse
                       figurâ
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                   Adad
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Assyrians
                   ,
                   his
                   wife
                   is
                   thought
                   to
                   be
                   
                     Adargatis
                     .
                     Astarte
                  
                   was
                   another
                   Goddess
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   Country
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   Book
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Adramus
                   was
                   the
                   Tutelar
                   God
                   of
                   Sicilia
                   ,
                   as
                   Conisalus
                   and
                   Minerva
                   were
                   of
                   the
                   Athenians
                   ,
                   Cabrus
                   of
                   Pamphylia
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   Tanais
                   of
                   the
                   Armenians
                   .
                   This
                   Goddess
                   did
                   require
                   the
                   same
                   Worship
                   as
                   Anaitis
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Venus
                     Syria
                  
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Maids
                   were
                   obliged
                   to
                   loose
                   their
                   Maidenhead
                   in
                   her
                   Temple
                   ,
                   at
                   her
                   Altars
                   ,
                   before
                   they
                   did
                   dream
                   of
                   Marriage
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Sosipolis
                     Deus
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Eleans
                   in
                   Grecia
                   ,
                   saved
                   a
                   City
                   from
                   the
                   fury
                   of
                   the
                   Arcadian
                   Army
                   in
                   the
                   form
                   ▪
                   of
                   a
                   little
                   Child
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   changed
                   before
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   Serpent
                   .
                   The
                   sudden
                   Metamorphosis
                   struck
                   such
                   a
                   terror
                   into
                   their
                   minds
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   the
                   Eleans
                   made
                   a
                   Sally
                   upon
                   them
                   ,
                   they
                   ran
                   away
                   ▪
                
                 
                   Jupiter
                   and
                   Apollo
                   were
                   also
                   named
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   savers
                   of
                   Cities
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Palmytius
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Aegyptians
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   
                   Alabandus
                   was
                   a
                   warlike
                   God
                   of
                   Caria
                   ,
                   adored
                   especially
                   by
                   the
                   Alabandenses
                   .
                
                 
                   Tenes
                   was
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Cyenus
                   ,
                   kill'd
                   by
                   Achilles
                   ,
                   as
                   Plutarchus
                   informs
                   us
                   ;
                   therefore
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   Achilles
                   was
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   pronounced
                   in
                   his
                   Temple
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   in
                   the
                   Island
                   of
                   Tenedos
                   .
                
                 
                   Coronis
                   was
                   a
                   Goddess
                   worshipped
                   in
                   some
                   places
                   of
                   Greece
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Temple
                   of
                   Minerva
                   :
                   Some
                   say
                   that
                   she
                   was
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   Aeseulapius
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Damia
                   and
                   Auxesia
                   were
                   honoured
                   by
                   the
                   command
                   of
                   the
                   Oracle
                   in
                   Epidaurus
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   that
                   their
                   Country
                   might
                   be
                   made
                   fruitful
                   ;
                   for
                   before
                   it
                   was
                   so
                   barren
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   would
                   not
                   yield
                   sufficient
                   returns
                   to
                   the
                   labours
                   of
                   the
                   painful
                   Husbandman
                   .
                
                 
                   Drimachus
                   ,
                   a
                   famous
                   Captain
                   of
                   Chios
                   ,
                   was
                   there
                   worshipped
                   after
                   his
                   death
                   .
                
                 
                   Amphiaraus
                   the
                   Sooth-sayer
                   ,
                   and
                   Amphilochus
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Nestor
                   ,
                   were
                   placed
                   amongst
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   adored
                   in
                   Attica
                   .
                
                 
                   Ogoas
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   Caria
                   .
                
                 
                   Zamolxis
                   was
                   the
                   Law
                   giver
                   amongst
                   the
                   Getae
                   ,
                   as
                   Herodotus
                   saith
                   :
                   He
                   studied
                   Philosophy
                   under
                   Pythagoras
                   .
                   When
                   he
                   was
                   returned
                   into
                   his
                   Country
                   ,
                   he
                   taught
                   the
                   people
                   the
                   customes
                   and
                   manners
                   of
                   the
                   Greeks
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   his
                   good
                   instructions
                   he
                   was
                   worshipped
                   as
                   a
                   God
                   ,
                   after
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   as
                   Cencus
                   was
                   after
                   him
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Climat
                   ,
                   for
                   excelling
                   in
                   the
                   Magick
                   Art
                   ,
                   in
                   
                   the
                   daies
                   of
                   Augustus
                   the
                   Emperour
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Crephagenetus
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Thebans
                   in
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   whom
                   they
                   esteemed
                   Immortal
                   .
                   Herodotus
                   relates
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   only
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   people
                   of
                   Egypt
                   did
                   refuse
                   to
                   admit
                   the
                   extravagant
                   superstition
                   of
                   other
                   Cities
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   would
                   never
                   grant
                   Divine
                   Homage
                   to
                   the
                   mortal
                   Gods.
                   This
                   singularity
                   may
                   have
                   proceeded
                   from
                   those
                   
                   good
                   impressions
                   which
                   the
                   Children
                   of
                   Israel
                   had
                   left
                   amongst
                   them
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   was
                   next
                   Neighbour
                   to
                   the
                   Land
                   of
                   Goshen
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   name
                   given
                   unto
                   this
                   God
                   by
                   the
                   Greeks
                   is
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   the
                   small
                   change
                   of
                   a
                   Vowel
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   secretly
                   born
                   .
                   From
                   Herodotus
                   and
                   others
                   we
                   may
                   perceive
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   word
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   hath
                   been
                   used
                   for
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ;
                   for
                   he
                   calls
                   an
                   Asyle
                   ,
                   or
                   a
                   place
                   of
                   refuge
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   because
                   men
                   do
                   secretly
                   hasten
                   to
                   save
                   themselves
                   in
                   them
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   apprehend
                   the
                   pursuits
                   of
                   an
                   Enemy
                   .
                   Now
                   I
                   conceive
                   this
                   name
                   is
                   but
                   an
                   interpretation
                   of
                   the
                   old
                   Egyptian
                   Title
                   given
                   to
                   this
                   God
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   did
                   not
                   make
                   use
                   of
                   the
                   Greek
                   Tongue
                   ordinarily
                   ,
                   but
                   only
                   after
                   the
                   Victories
                   of
                   Alexander
                   the
                   Great
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   must
                   have
                   had
                   a
                   name
                   proper
                   to
                   their
                   language
                   for
                   this
                   ,
                   as
                   for
                   their
                   other
                   Divinities
                   .
                   But
                   there
                   appears
                   a
                   seeming
                   contradiction
                   in
                   the
                   Titles
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Immortal
                   and
                   Eternal
                   ,
                   
                   which
                   were
                   the
                   Attributes
                   of
                   Honour
                   ascribed
                   to
                   this
                   God.
                   We
                   Christians
                   are
                   taught
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   Epithets
                   are
                   only
                   proper
                   to
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   the
                   second
                   Person
                   in
                   the
                   sacred
                   Trinity
                   ,
                   who
                   is
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   secretly
                   begotten
                   from
                   all
                   Eternity
                   in
                   an
                   incomprehensible
                   manner
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   he
                   is
                   Immortal
                   and
                   Eternal
                   with
                   the
                   first
                   Person
                   the
                   Father
                   .
                   The
                   sublimest
                   Creatures
                   can
                   never
                   perfectly
                   understand
                   or
                   pry
                   into
                   this
                   Mysterious
                   Generation
                   ,
                   which
                   hath
                   ever
                   continued
                   ,
                   and
                   shall
                   ever
                   continue
                   to
                   all
                   Eternity
                   ;
                   therefore
                   only
                   Christ
                   can
                   be
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Immortal
                   and
                   Eternal
                   .
                
                 
                   From
                   hence
                   we
                   may
                   justly
                   conceive
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   Thebans
                   had
                   some
                   understanding
                   of
                   this
                   great
                   Mystery
                   ,
                   the
                   Generation
                   of
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   God
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   understood
                   by
                   this
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   second
                   Person
                   of
                   the
                   Incomprehensible
                   Trinity
                   ,
                   whom
                   they
                   acknowledged
                   to
                   be
                   both
                   Immortal
                   and
                   Eternal
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   certain
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Heathens
                   were
                   not
                   altogether
                   ignorant
                   of
                   the
                   Trinity
                   ,
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   gathered
                   out
                   of
                   Plato
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   dispersed
                   Relicks
                   of
                   the
                   writings
                   of
                   Sauchoniathon
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Porphyrius
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   may
                   further
                   take
                   notice
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   this
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   ,
                   our
                   Divine
                   Emanuel
                   ,
                   was
                   pleased
                   to
                   take
                   upon
                   him
                   our
                   Nature
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   forced
                   to
                   fly
                   for
                   shelter
                   into
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   he
                   came
                   with
                   Joseph
                   and
                   Mary
                   his
                   
                   Mother
                   to
                   dwell
                   in
                   the
                   Province
                   of
                   Thebais
                   ,
                   
                   not
                   far
                   from
                   the
                   ancient
                   City
                   of
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   place
                   which
                   is
                   mightily
                   frequented
                   by
                   all
                   Pilgrims
                   that
                   travel
                   into
                   those
                   parts
                   .
                
                 
                   Tholesphorus
                   was
                   worshipped
                   near
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Pergama
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Asia
                     minor
                  
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   Command
                   of
                   the
                   Oracle
                   .
                
                 
                   Sangus
                   ,
                   or
                   Sanctus
                   ,
                   or
                   Sancus
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Sabins
                   .
                   S.
                   Austin
                   names
                   him
                   
                     Xanthus
                     ,
                     L.
                  
                   18.
                   
                     de
                     Civit.
                     Dei.
                     Cap.
                  
                   19.
                   
                   He
                   was
                   their
                   first
                   King
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   a
                   Temple
                   standing
                   in
                   
                     Rome
                     .
                     Ovid.
                  
                   
                   
                     
                       Quaerebam
                       nonas
                       Sancto
                       ,
                       fidio
                       ne
                       referrem
                    
                     
                       An
                       tibi
                       semipater
                       ,
                       tunc
                       mihi
                       Sanctus
                       ait
                       .
                    
                     
                       Cuicunque
                       ex
                       illis
                       dederis
                       ,
                       ego
                       numen
                       habebo
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Nomina
                       terna
                       fero
                       ,
                       sic
                       voluere
                       Cures
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   And
                   Sill.
                   Italicus
                   .
                   
                     
                       —
                       Et
                       laetipars
                       Sanctum
                       voce
                       canebant
                    
                     
                       Autorem
                       gentis
                       ,
                       pars
                       laudes
                       ore
                       ferebant
                    
                     
                       Sabes
                       tuas
                       ,
                       qui
                       de
                       patrio
                       cognomine
                       primus
                       .
                    
                     
                       Dixisti
                       populos
                       magna
                       dit●one
                       Sabinos
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   Tages
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Hetrurians
                   in
                   Italy
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   Ovid
                   thus
                   speaks
                   ,
                   Lib.
                   15.
                   
                   Metamorph.
                   
                   
                     
                       Indigenae
                       dixere
                       Tagem
                       ,
                       qui
                       primus
                       Hetruscam
                    
                     
                       Edocuit
                       gentem
                       ,
                       casusque
                       aperire
                       futuros
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   He
                   was
                   a
                   pretended
                   Child
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ;
                   he
                   taught
                   the
                   rude
                   people
                   of
                   Hetruria
                   several
                   
                   Arts
                   and
                   Sciences
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   worshipped
                   his
                   memory
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Statues
                   .
                
                 
                   Albunea
                   was
                   a
                   Goddess
                   inhabiting
                   near
                   the
                   source
                   of
                   the
                   River
                   Tiber
                   ;
                   adored
                   in
                   that
                   part
                   of
                   Italy
                   as
                   Feronia
                   and
                   Marica
                   were
                   .
                   
                     
                       
                       Hunc
                       fauno
                       &
                       Nympha
                       genitum
                       Laurente
                       Marica
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   Palicus
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   
                     Sicily
                     :
                     Antinous
                  
                   
                   the
                   great
                   Favourite
                   of
                   the
                   Emperour
                   Adrian
                   ,
                   was
                   worshipped
                   in
                   
                     Bithynia
                     ;
                     Bessus
                  
                   was
                   a
                   God
                   of
                   
                     Greece
                     ,
                     Caelestus
                  
                   or
                   Vranus
                   of
                   Africa
                   .
                   I
                   should
                   be
                   too
                   prolix
                   if
                   I
                   should
                   name
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   of
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   worshipped
                   in
                   every
                   corner
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   :
                   What
                   hath
                   been
                   said
                   will
                   be
                   sufficient
                   for
                   the
                   understanding
                   of
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Authors
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XXIII
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   some
                   few
                   famous
                   Women
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   .
                
                 
                   THe
                   Famous
                   Queens
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   were
                   these
                   ,
                   Alceste
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   King
                   Admetus
                   ;
                   she
                   freely
                   gave
                   her
                   life
                   to
                   save
                   her
                   Husband
                   from
                   death
                   .
                
                 
                   Semiramis
                   ,
                   that
                   warlike
                   Queen
                   of
                   Assyria
                   ,
                   that
                   enlarged
                   the
                   bounds
                   of
                   the
                   Empire
                   ,
                   and
                   built
                   
                     Babylon
                     .
                     Thomiris
                  
                   ,
                   Queen
                   of
                   Scythia
                   ,
                   overcame
                   Cyrus
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   caused
                   his
                   head
                   to
                   be
                   chopt
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   into
                   a
                   bag
                   full
                   of
                   blood
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   rereproach
                   ,
                   
                     Satia
                     te
                     sanguine
                     quem
                     sitisti
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Cleopater
                   was
                   a
                   notable
                   Queen
                   of
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   the
                   Curtisan
                   of
                   Antonius
                   ,
                   overcome
                   by
                   Augustus
                   in
                   a
                   Sea-fight
                   .
                   She
                   caused
                   two
                   Serpents
                   to
                   sting
                   her
                   to
                   death
                   ,
                   when
                   she
                   saw
                   that
                   she
                   could
                   not
                   oppose
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   resolved
                   to
                   lead
                   her
                   in
                   Triumph
                   .
                
                 
                   Zenobia
                   was
                   a
                   Queen
                   of
                   Armenia
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Radamistus
                   ,
                   driven
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   Kingdom
                   by
                   Tiridates
                   ,
                   mentioned
                   in
                   
                     Cor
                     ▪
                     Tacit.
                  
                   
                
                 
                   Amalasuntha
                   was
                   a
                   Queen
                   of
                   the
                   Goths
                   ,
                   Esther
                   of
                   the
                   Persians
                   .
                   Irene
                   ,
                   a
                   Famous
                   Empress
                   of
                   Constantinople
                   ,
                   who
                   lived
                   in
                   the
                   daies
                   of
                   Charlemaign
                   ,
                   and
                   governed
                   the
                   Eastern
                   Empire
                   .
                   Odatis
                   was
                   a
                   Famous
                   Princess
                   ,
                   the
                   only
                   Child
                   and
                   Heiress
                   of
                   Homartes
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   part
                   of
                   Bactria
                   :
                   When
                   she
                   was
                   fought
                   in
                   Marriage
                   ,
                   she
                   refused
                   all
                   that
                   came
                   unto
                   her
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   resolved
                   to
                   bestow
                   her self
                   upon
                   a
                   strange
                   Prince
                   whom
                   she
                   had
                   seen
                   in
                   a
                   dream
                   ,
                   and
                   fancied
                   so
                   much
                   ,
                   that
                   she
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   quiet
                   until
                   she
                   had
                   dispatched
                   away
                   messengers
                   to
                   him
                   ,
                   to
                   fetch
                   him
                   into
                   her
                   Fathers
                   Court.
                   
                
                 
                   Olympias
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Philip
                   ,
                   and
                   Mother
                   of
                   Alexander
                   the
                   Great
                   ,
                   was
                   remarkable
                   for
                   her
                   courage
                   and
                   bold
                   spirit
                   ;
                   she
                   freely
                   offered
                   her
                   ▪
                   brest
                   to
                   the
                   weapons
                   of
                   
                   the
                   Souldiers
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   sent
                   to
                   murder
                   her
                   .
                
                 
                   Caesara
                   ,
                   a
                   noted
                   Empress
                   of
                   Persia
                   ,
                   caused
                   her
                   Husband
                   and
                   all
                   his
                   Army
                   to
                   become
                   Christians
                   ,
                   and
                   mediated
                   an
                   agreement
                   between
                   the
                   Sophy
                   and
                   the
                   Emperour
                   of
                   Constantinople
                   .
                
                 
                   Julia
                   the
                   Empress
                   was
                   famous
                   for
                   her
                   Whoredomes
                   at
                   Rome
                   ;
                   as
                   Messalina
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   
                     Claudius
                     Caesar
                  
                   ,
                   was
                   afterwards
                   .
                
                 
                   Amongst
                   the
                   Amazons
                   ,
                   these
                   were
                   the
                   most
                   noted
                   Queens
                   ,
                   
                     Marthesia
                     Lampedo
                     ,
                     Orythia
                     ,
                     Menalippe
                     ,
                     Hyppolite
                     ,
                     Penthesilea
                     ,
                  
                   of
                   whom
                   Virgil
                   speaks
                   in
                   the
                   Relation
                   of
                   the
                   Worthies
                   of
                   Troy.
                   
                   
                     
                       Ducit
                       Amazonidum
                       lunatis
                       agmina
                       peltis
                    
                     
                       Penthesilea
                       furens
                       ,
                       mediisque
                       in
                       millibus
                       ardet
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   Helena
                   ,
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   Constantine
                   ,
                   was
                   an
                   excellent
                   Princess
                   ,
                   who
                   did
                   mightily
                   eucourage
                   the
                   affairs
                   of
                   Christianity
                   in
                   the
                   beginning
                   of
                   the
                   Universal
                   Conversion
                   from
                   Paganisme
                   .
                
                 
                   These
                   are
                   the
                   names
                   of
                   other
                   noted
                   Women
                   of
                   all
                   Ages
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Sapho
                   did
                   excel
                   in
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Learning
                   in
                   Greece
                   ,
                   but
                   especially
                   in
                   Poetry
                   :
                   She
                   invented
                   a
                   kind
                   of
                   Verse
                   which
                   is
                   called
                   from
                   her
                   Saphick
                   .
                
                 
                   Cyborea
                   was
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   
                     Judas
                     Iscariot
                     ,
                     Canace
                  
                   was
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Aeolus
                   .
                   She
                   is
                   infamous
                   for
                   the
                   incest
                   which
                   she
                   committed
                   with
                   her
                   Brother
                   〈◊〉
                   
                   Myrrha
                   ,
                   the
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Cynaras
                   King
                   of
                   Cyprus
                   ,
                   lay
                   with
                   her
                   Father
                   by
                   the
                   means
                   of
                   a
                   Nurse
                   when
                   he
                   was
                   drunk
                   .
                   She
                   proved
                   with-child
                   by
                   this
                   incestuous
                   marriage
                   of
                   the
                   beautiful
                   Adonis
                   ;
                   but
                   when
                   her
                   Father
                   understood
                   her
                   wickedness
                   ,
                   he
                   sought
                   to
                   destroy
                   her
                   ;
                   but
                   she
                   nevertheless
                   saved
                   her self
                   in
                   Arabia
                   ,
                   where
                   she
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   the
                   Myrrh-tree
                   .
                
                 
                   Lucrece
                   was
                   a
                   Noble
                   woman
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   ravisht
                   by
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Tarquinius
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   killed
                   her self
                   ,
                   exhorting
                   the
                   Romans
                   to
                   revenge
                   her
                   death
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   Arria
                   ,
                   a
                   Roman
                   Lady
                   ,
                   was
                   married
                   to
                   Paetus
                   ,
                   who
                   fell
                   into
                   the
                   Emperour
                   
                   Tiberius's
                   disgrace
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   falsly
                   accused
                   ,
                   and
                   wrongfully
                   condemned
                   to
                   die
                   .
                   When
                   his
                   loving
                   Wife
                   saw
                   him
                   in
                   this
                   condition
                   ,
                   she
                   advised
                   him
                   to
                   dispatch
                   himself
                   ;
                   but
                   he
                   discovering
                   an
                   unwillingness
                   to
                   be
                   his
                   own
                   Executioner
                   ,
                   she
                   snatcht
                   the
                   Sword
                   out
                   of
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   and
                   shew'd
                   him
                   what
                   to
                   do
                   ,
                   by
                   thrusting
                   it
                   into
                   her
                   own
                   bowels
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   exclamation
                   ,
                   
                     Paete
                     non
                     dolet
                     ▪
                  
                   Death
                   is
                   not
                   painful
                   .
                   Martial
                   hath
                   thought
                   her
                   worthy
                   of
                   an
                   Epigram
                   .
                   
                     
                       Casta
                       suo
                       gladium
                       cum
                       traderet
                       
                         Arria
                         Paeto
                      
                    
                     
                       Quem
                       dedit
                       visceribus
                       traxer
                       at
                       ipsa
                       suis
                       :
                    
                     
                       Si
                       qua
                       fides
                       ,
                       vulnus
                       ,
                       quod
                       feci
                       ,
                       non
                       dolet
                       ,
                       inquit
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Sed
                       quod
                       tu
                       facies
                       ,
                       hoc
                       mihi
                       ,
                       Paete
                       dolet
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                   
                     Pompeia
                     Paulina
                  
                   was
                   resolved
                   also
                   to
                   
                   
                   accompany
                   her
                   Husband
                   Seneca
                   ,
                   who
                   wa●
                   condemned
                   to
                   die
                   by
                   Nero.
                   
                
                 
                   Faustina
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Marcus
                   the
                   Emperour
                   ,
                   was
                   in
                   love
                   with
                   a
                   Feneer
                   ,
                   and
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   cured
                   until
                   he
                   was
                   kill'd
                   ,
                   and
                   until
                   she
                   had
                   drunk
                   a
                   draught
                   of
                   his
                   hot
                   blood
                   :
                   She
                   was
                   the
                   Mother
                   of
                   
                     Antoninus
                     Com●dus
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   loved
                   so
                   much
                   the
                   bloody
                   sports
                   of
                   Fencing
                   in
                   the
                   Amphitheatre
                   .
                
                 
                   Zantippe
                   ,
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Socrates
                   ,
                   is
                   noted
                   for
                   a
                   Scold
                   ;
                   she
                   was
                   continually
                   tormenting
                   him
                   with
                   railings
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   Greece
                   ,
                   Lais
                   of
                   Corinth
                   ,
                   Phryne
                   of
                   Be●tia
                   ,
                   Rhodope
                   of
                   Egypt
                   ,
                   Pythonica
                   of
                   Athens
                   ,
                   Aspasia
                   of
                   Natolia
                   ,
                   Danae
                   of
                   Ephesus
                   ,
                   
                   Julia
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   Thais
                   ,
                   
                     who
                     went
                     with
                     the
                     Army
                     of
                  
                   Alexander
                   into
                   Persia
                   ,
                   Lamia
                   of
                   Athens
                   ,
                   Methra
                   of
                   Thessaly
                   ,
                   Caelia
                   ,
                   Cyrene
                   ,
                   Lesbia
                   ,
                   Manilia
                   ,
                   and
                   Phaebe
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   
                     and
                     many
                     more
                     were
                     Famous
                     Courtisans
                     .
                  
                   
                     
                       
                       Das
                       Cattis
                       ,
                       das
                       Germanis
                       ,
                       das
                       Coelia
                       Dacis
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Nee
                       Cilicum
                       spernis
                       Cappadocumque
                       toros
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   CHAP.
                   XXIV
                   .
                
                 
                   Of
                   the
                   Truth
                   shadowed
                   out
                   in
                   the
                   Fabulous
                   Stories
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Opinion
                   of
                   Gautruchius
                   .
                
                 
                   TRuth
                   is
                   as
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   it
                   destroys
                   and
                   drives
                   away
                   all
                   darkness
                   of
                   Fal●hood
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   mistakes
                   :
                   Nevertheless
                   ,
                   many
                   of
                   
                   these
                   Fables
                   are
                   derived
                   from
                   the
                   Truth
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   been
                   intended
                   to
                   set
                   it
                   forth
                   :
                   Therefore
                   the
                   Heathens
                   did
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   Caelus
                   was
                   the
                   Father
                   of
                   Saturnus
                   ,
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Time
                   ,
                   because
                   Coelum
                   Heaven
                   did
                   measure
                   and
                   limit
                   out
                   Time
                   unto
                   us
                   ,
                   by
                   its
                   continual
                   motions
                   .
                   And
                   because
                   Time
                   doth
                   run
                   from
                   us
                   very
                   fast
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   it
                   doth
                   give
                   a
                   being
                   ,
                   and
                   destroys
                   all
                   things
                   that
                   appear
                   in
                   Nature
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   nothing
                   is
                   able
                   to
                   resist
                   its
                   power
                   :
                   Therefore
                   this
                   God
                   Saturnus
                   is
                   represented
                   as
                   an
                   old
                   Senior
                   ,
                   with
                   wings
                   upon
                   his
                   shoulders
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   Sythe
                   in
                   his
                   hand
                   ,
                   cutting
                   down
                   all
                   that
                   is
                   before
                   him
                   ▪
                   He
                   is
                   represented
                   swallowing
                   his
                   own
                   Children
                   with
                   hard
                   stones
                   ,
                   because
                   Time
                   eats
                   and
                   consumes
                   the
                   most
                   durable
                   substances
                   .
                
                 
                   
                   The
                   Heathens
                   did
                   paint
                   Janus
                   with
                   two
                   Faces
                   ,
                   to
                   express
                   the
                   Wisdom
                   of
                   a
                   brave
                   Prince
                   ,
                   who
                   is
                   to
                   judge
                   of
                   the
                   events
                   of
                   the
                   time
                   to
                   come
                   ,
                   from
                   his
                   former
                   experience
                   of
                   the
                   time
                   past
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   might
                   act
                   nothing
                   amiss
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   because
                   a
                   wise
                   man
                   doth
                   take
                   notice
                   of
                   all
                   things
                   before
                   him
                   ,
                   without
                   discovering
                   or
                   engaging
                   himself
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   ●epresent
                   him
                   by
                   Gyges
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   a
                   Ring
                   of
                   that
                   extraordinary
                   virtue
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   ●e
                   did
                   turn
                   inwardly
                   the
                   precious
                   stone
                   that
                   was
                   enchased
                   on
                   it
                   ,
                   he
                   did
                   see
                   all
                   men
                   ▪
                   and
                   was
                   not
                   soon
                   by
                   any
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   shall
                   not
                   weary
                   ▪
                   the
                   Reader
                   by
                   a
                   repetition
                   
                   of
                   a
                   great
                   many
                   more
                   Mysteries
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   some
                   formerly
                   mentioned
                   in
                   this
                   Treatise
                   ;
                   only
                   let
                   him
                   take
                   notice
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Heathens
                   did
                   declare
                   how
                   Prometheus
                   had
                   brought
                   a
                   Polite
                   manner
                   of
                   life
                   amongst
                   men
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   withdrawn
                   them
                   from
                   savage
                   and
                   beastly
                   customs
                   ,
                   by
                   saying
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   formed
                   them
                   of
                   the
                   ●mud
                   of
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   first
                   caused
                   them
                   to
                   appear
                   in
                   the
                   World.
                   The
                   Fable
                   of
                   Deucalion
                   and
                   Pyrrha
                   hath
                   the
                   same
                   interpretation
                   ;
                   for
                   it
                   is
                   said
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   changed
                   Stones
                   and
                   Flints
                   into
                   Men
                   and
                   Women
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Poets
                   do
                   relate
                   also
                   how
                   Amphion
                   with
                   the
                   harmony
                   of
                   his
                   Lute
                   built
                   the
                   Walls
                   of
                   Thebs
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   perswaded
                   by
                   his
                   fair
                   speeches
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   Inhabitants
                   of
                   the
                   Forrests
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   wild
                   people
                   of
                   the
                   Mountains
                   ,
                   to
                   come
                   and
                   live
                   together
                   in
                   that
                   City
                   .
                   Prometheus
                   taught
                   the
                   way
                   of
                   drawing
                   fire
                   ●ut
                   of
                   the
                   stones
                   ,
                   by
                   knocking
                   them
                   together
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   did
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   fetcht
                   fire
                   from
                   Heaven
                   .
                   He
                   did
                   make
                   his
                   abode
                   upon
                   Mount
                   
                     Caucasus
                     ▪
                  
                   from
                   whence
                   he
                   did
                   continually
                   behold
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   and
                   study
                   their
                   motions
                   and
                   influences
                   :
                   Therefore
                   the
                   Poets
                   did
                   declare
                   ,
                   that
                   Mercurius
                   had
                   bound
                   him
                   to
                   this
                   Mountain
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   an
                   Eagle
                   was
                   put
                   to
                   consume
                   his
                   Liver
                   .
                   By
                   this
                   last
                   Fiction
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   signifie
                   ,
                   how
                   the
                   thoughts
                   of
                   his
                   studies
                   did
                   eat
                   him
                   up
                   .
                   They
                   did
                   also
                   publish
                   ,
                   that
                   his
                   Brother
                   Atlas
                   did
                   carry
                   the
                   
                   Heavens
                   upon
                   his
                   shoulders
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   great
                   Astrologer
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   invent
                   the
                   use
                   of
                   the
                   Sph●ar
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   did
                   often
                   handle
                   in
                   his
                   life
                   .
                
                 
                   About
                   that
                   time
                   Argus
                   built
                   a
                   City
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   called
                   it
                   after
                   his
                   own
                   name
                   ,
                   and
                   because
                   he
                   was
                   a
                   most
                   watchful
                   Prince
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   circumspect
                   ,
                   the
                   Poets
                   did
                   give
                   unto
                   him
                   many
                   eyes
                   .
                
                 
                   We
                   have
                   already
                   said
                   in
                   the
                   story
                   of
                   Perseus
                   ,
                   how
                   he
                   represents
                   the
                   qualities
                   of
                   a
                   brave
                   Commander
                   .
                   Pegasus
                   there
                   mentioned
                   ,
                   is
                   nothing
                   else
                   but
                   the
                   Ship
                   that
                   carried
                   Bellerophon
                   against
                   the
                   Chimera
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   wings
                   of
                   Dedalus
                   ,
                   were
                   nothing
                   else
                   but
                   the
                   sails
                   of
                   a
                   Ship
                   which
                   he
                   invented
                   to
                   carry
                   himself
                   out
                   of
                   Creta
                   .
                   What
                   is
                   related
                   of
                   his
                   Son
                   Icarus
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Phaeton
                   ,
                   represents
                   the
                   Picture
                   of
                   the
                   ambitious
                   men
                   ;
                   as
                   the
                   stories
                   of
                   Tantalus
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Harpies
                   ,
                   do
                   shadow
                   out
                   unto
                   us
                   the
                   Covetous
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Syrens
                   the
                   Voluptuous
                   .
                   The
                   Bird
                   which
                   did
                   devour
                   the
                   Liver
                   of
                   Prometheus
                   ,
                   did
                   express
                   the
                   torments
                   of
                   a
                   wounded
                   Conscience
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   the
                   furies
                   and
                   discontent
                   of
                   Orestes
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   any
                   did
                   excel
                   in
                   Goodness
                   ,
                   Power
                   ,
                   Authority
                   ,
                   or
                   Industry
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   placed
                   amongst
                   the
                   Gods.
                   By
                   this
                   means
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Creta
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Candia
                   ,
                   was
                   advanced
                   amongst
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   with
                   his
                   Brothers
                   Neptunus
                   and
                   
                     Pluto
                     .
                     Neptunus
                  
                   was
                   held
                   for
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   did
                   
                   command
                   the
                   Fleet
                   :
                   Pluto
                   was
                   the
                   God
                   of
                   Hell
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   invented
                   the
                   Funeral
                   Rights
                   paid
                   unto
                   the
                   Dead
                   .
                   The
                   Court
                   of
                   every
                   King
                   was
                   as
                   a
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   residence
                   of
                   the
                   Gods.
                   If
                   any
                   happened
                   to
                   be
                   driven
                   from
                   thence
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   banished
                   out
                   of
                   Heaven
                   :
                   If
                   any
                   did
                   escape
                   from
                   an
                   eminent
                   danger
                   ,
                   by
                   flying
                   from
                   it
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   publish
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   metamorphosed
                   into
                   a
                   Bird
                   :
                   If
                   any
                   did
                   hide
                   himself
                   in
                   the
                   Woods
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Beast
                   ,
                   as
                   it
                   happened
                   with
                   Lycaon
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Pelasgus
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   Arcadia
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   pursued
                   by
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   his
                   Railleries
                   and
                   Jests
                   which
                   he
                   did
                   cast
                   upon
                   the
                   Worship
                   of
                   the
                   Gods
                   :
                   The
                   Poets
                   therefore
                   seigned
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   Wolf.
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   fifth
                   Chapter
                   we
                   did
                   mention
                   the
                   vain-glory
                   of
                   Marsyas
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Midas
                   ;
                   unto
                   these
                   we
                   could
                   add
                   many
                   more
                   examples
                   to
                   the
                   same
                   purpose
                   ;
                   as
                   of
                   that
                   Fanatick
                   Raven
                   that
                   had
                   a
                   very
                   high
                   conceit
                   of
                   her self
                   ,
                   and
                   did
                   continually
                   glory
                   in
                   her
                   beauty
                   ,
                   although
                   she
                   was
                   covered
                   with
                   the
                   Feathers
                   of
                   others
                   Birds
                   .
                   The
                   old
                   Ass
                   of
                   Arcadia
                   is
                   also
                   noted
                   for
                   its
                   vanity
                   :
                   It
                   had
                   been
                   perswaded
                   by
                   the
                   other
                   Asses
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   did
                   excel
                   all
                   the
                   Birds
                   of
                   the
                   Air
                   in
                   sweetness
                   of
                   the
                   voice
                   ,
                   because
                   he
                   had
                   long
                   used
                   himself
                   to
                   sing
                   according
                   to
                   his
                   mode
                   .
                
                 
                   But
                   it
                   is
                   sufficient
                   to
                   have
                   shewn
                   by
                   
                   ●hese
                   examples
                   what
                   use
                   may
                   be
                   made
                   of
                   ●he
                   Fables
                   .
                   We
                   shall
                   therefore
                   take
                   notice
                   ,
                   that
                   so
                   many
                   noted
                   Philosophers
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   ,
                   did
                   labour
                   to
                   cover
                   the
                   shame
                   and
                   the
                   infamy
                   of
                   their
                   Religion
                   ,
                   by
                   causing
                   the
                   stories
                   of
                   their
                   Gods
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   actions
                   of
                   their
                   lives
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   strange
                   metamorphoses
                   to
                   pass
                   for
                   Allegories
                   and
                   symbolical
                   representations
                   .
                   However
                   these
                   things
                   were
                   first
                   invented
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   certain
                   that
                   during
                   many
                   hundred
                   years
                   they
                   were
                   published
                   and
                   believed
                   for
                   truths
                   ,
                   therefore
                   the
                   Heathens
                   did
                   acknowledge
                   nothing
                   more
                   undoubted
                   and
                   sacred
                   ,
                   because
                   they
                   had
                   no
                   other
                   Religion
                   ,
                   ●or
                   knowledge
                   of
                   then
                   Gods
                   to
                   honour
                   the●
                   their
                   Temples
                   ,
                   their
                   Sacrifices
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Solemnities
                   ,
                   were
                   consecrated
                   to
                   these
                   kind
                   of
                   Divinities
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   holy
                   Scripture
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   profane
                   and
                   sacred
                   Authors
                   do
                   inform
                   us
                   ;
                   as
                   the
                   Fathers
                   of
                   the
                   Primitive
                   Church
                   of
                   Christ
                   did
                   represent
                   to
                   the
                   Heathens
                   ,
                   and
                   as
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   after
                   their
                   Conversion
                   to
                   the
                   Faith
                   ,
                   did
                   openly
                   confess
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   let
                   us
                   not
                   imagine
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   Fables
                   were
                   only
                   popular
                   errors
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Philosophers
                   ,
                   learned
                   in
                   the
                   Mysteries
                   of
                   Nature
                   ,
                   and
                   acquainted
                   with
                   many
                   discoveries
                   of
                   the
                   true
                   God
                   ,
                   did
                   nevertheless
                   promote
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   Idolatry
                   and
                   Superstition
                   ,
                   as
                   S.
                   Paul
                   informs
                   us
                   in
                   his
                   Epistle
                   to
                   the
                   Romans
                   ;
                   for
                   they
                   were
                   afraid
                   of
                   the
                   Laws
                   of
                   the
                   Country
                   ,
                   that
                   did
                   not
                   suffer
                   any
                   to
                   contradict
                   
                   them
                   ;
                   therefore
                   they
                   did
                   hastily
                   comply
                   with
                   the
                   Opinions
                   and
                   sacrilegious
                   Tales
                   of
                   the
                   people
                   .
                   It
                   is
                   strange
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Monarchs
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Commonwealths
                   ,
                   full
                   of
                   the
                   wisest
                   and
                   most
                   excellent
                   Polititians
                   ,
                   have
                   been
                   so
                   blind
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   adore
                   the
                   Stars
                   ,
                   the
                   Elements
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Princes
                   that
                   reigned
                   before
                   them
                   .
                   Thus
                   the
                   Chaldeans
                   worshipped
                   Baal
                   ,
                   otherwise
                   named
                   Belus
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   been
                   the
                   first
                   King
                   of
                   Assyria
                   .
                   The
                   History
                   of
                   Daniel
                   doth
                   also
                   relate
                   unto
                   us
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Emperour
                   of
                   Babylon
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Religion
                   of
                   his
                   Country
                   ,
                   did
                   adore
                   not
                   only
                   the
                   God
                   Belus
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   a
                   great
                   Dragon
                   which
                   Daniel
                   broke
                   in
                   pieces
                   ,
                   to
                   shew
                   unto
                   them
                   who
                   was
                   the
                   true
                   God.
                   
                
                 
                   When
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   were
                   most
                   Famous
                   for
                   learning
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   consecrate
                   their
                   Temples
                   to
                   the
                   God
                   Serapis
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   an
                   Ox●
                   marked
                   in
                   an
                   extraordinary
                   manner
                   ;
                   because
                   they
                   did
                   believe
                   that
                   Osiris
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   their
                   Kings
                   ,
                   the
                   Son
                   of
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   had
                   been
                   metamorphosed
                   into
                   an
                   Oxe
                   after
                   his
                   Death
                   .
                   From
                   hence
                   the
                   Israelites
                   did
                   derive
                   their
                   shameful
                   custom
                   and
                   inclinations
                   of
                   worshipping
                   Golden
                   Calves
                   .
                
                 
                   Afterwards
                   the
                   Egyptians
                   did
                   adore
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   and
                   named
                   him
                   Osiris
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   Moon
                   ,
                   and
                   called
                   her
                   his
                   Wife
                   Queen
                   Isis
                   .
                   They
                   did
                   also
                   believe
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Cats
                   ,
                   the
                   Crocodils
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Onions
                   ,
                   were
                   to
                   be
                   reverenced
                   as
                   Gods
                   ,
                   because
                   the
                   Gods
                   went
                   into
                   Egypt
                   to
                   hide
                   themselves
                   in
                   the
                   shape
                   of
                   
                   those
                   things
                   during
                   the
                   War
                   of
                   the
                   Gyants
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Romans
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   Decrees
                   of
                   their
                   Senat
                   ,
                   placed
                   amongst
                   the
                   Gods
                   many
                   of
                   their
                   Caesars
                   ,
                   besides
                   that
                   infamous
                   Varlet
                   Antinoüs
                   ,
                   the
                   Favourite
                   of
                   the
                   Emperour
                   Adrian
                   .
                   To
                   flatter
                   and
                   alleviate
                   the
                   grief
                   of
                   this
                   Prince
                   conceived
                   for
                   his
                   death
                   ,
                   they
                   perswaded
                   him
                   that
                   Antinoüs
                   was
                   changed
                   into
                   a
                   new
                   Star
                   ,
                   which
                   appeared
                   about
                   that
                   time
                   in
                   the
                   Heavens
                   .
                
                 
                   Therefore
                   from
                   hence
                   we
                   may
                   conclude
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   follies
                   and
                   impieties
                   were
                   not
                   only
                   amongst
                   the
                   silly
                   Vulgar
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   amongst
                   the
                   greatest
                   Wits
                   ,
                   and
                   Noblest
                   men
                   ;
                   and
                   that
                   they
                   were
                   esteemed
                   as
                   Maxims
                   of
                   Religion
                   in
                   the
                   most
                   flourishing
                   Empires
                   and
                   Commonwealths
                   .
                   This
                   blindness
                   and
                   excessive
                   folly
                   will
                   appear
                   more
                   plainly
                   unto
                   us
                   ,
                   by
                   that
                   which
                   we
                   shall
                   declare
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   Chapters
                   of
                   the
                   next
                   Book
                   ,
                   concerning
                   the
                   worship
                   paid
                   to
                   the
                   Heathen
                   Idols
                   .
                   
                     
                       
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                   The
                   End
                   of
                   the
                   Second
                   Book
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             
             
             
               The
               Third
               Book
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Honours
               paid
               by
               the
               Heathens
               unto
               their
               Gods.
               
            
             
               
                 The
                 PREFACF
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 knowledge
                 of
                 a
                 God
                 doth
                 necessarily
                 require
                 from
                 us
                 Obedience
                 ,
                 Worship
                 ,
                 and
                 Respect
                 :
                 which
                 we
                 are
                 bound
                 in
                 Justice
                 to
                 render
                 to
                 him
                 as
                 to
                 a
                 being
                 infinitely
                 excelling
                 all
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 whom
                 we
                 owe
                 our selves
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 our
                 enjoyments
                 .
                 From
                 hence
                 proceeds
                 Religion
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 sublimest
                 and
                 most
                 excellent
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 moral
                 virtues
                 .
                 It
                 teacheth
                 us
                 how
                 to
                 adore
                 our
                 God
                 with
                 outward
                 expressions
                 of
                 humility
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 with
                 inward
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 may
                 acknowledge
                 thereby
                 his
                 Sovereignty
                 over
                 us
                 .
                 It
                 teacheth
                 us
                 to
                 make
                 our
                 addresses
                 unto
                 him
                 by
                 Prayer
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 first
                 source
                 from
                 whence
                 issue
                 all
                 our
                 good
                 things
                 .
                 It
                 teacheth
                 us
                 to
                 publish
                 his
                 
                 Praises
                 ,
                 to
                 glorify
                 his
                 Greatness
                 ,
                 and
                 offer
                 unto
                 him
                 Sacrifices
                 ,
                 because
                 he
                 is
                 the
                 first
                 principle
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 last
                 end
                 of
                 all
                 his
                 Creatures
                 ;
                 He
                 is
                 the
                 absolute
                 Lord
                 of
                 Life
                 and
                 Death
                 .
                 It
                 teacheth
                 us
                 also
                 for
                 these
                 reasons
                 to
                 erect
                 Temples
                 ,
                 and
                 appoint
                 Dayes
                 to
                 worship
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 might
                 have
                 both
                 times
                 and
                 places
                 to
                 mind
                 us
                 of
                 our
                 obligations
                 to
                 him
                 .
                 These
                 duties
                 we
                 ought
                 as
                 his
                 Servants
                 and
                 Vassals
                 ,
                 to
                 perform
                 with
                 all
                 diligence
                 and
                 delight
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 the
                 Devils
                 having
                 banished
                 from
                 the
                 world
                 the
                 true
                 knowledge
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 established
                 themselves
                 in
                 his
                 room
                 ,
                 they
                 obliged
                 man
                 kind
                 to
                 adore
                 them
                 and
                 their
                 Statues
                 instead
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 usurped
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 all
                 the
                 Prerogatives
                 and
                 supreme
                 Rights
                 of
                 the
                 God-head
                 .
                 For
                 unto
                 them
                 all
                 publick
                 and
                 private
                 Prayers
                 ,
                 and
                 Vows
                 were
                 directed
                 ,
                 for
                 them
                 the
                 Temples
                 and
                 Altars
                 were
                 built
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Festival
                 dayes
                 ,
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 ,
                 the
                 publick
                 Plays
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 like
                 Ceremonies
                 were
                 instituted
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 shall
                 see
                 in
                 this
                 last
                 Book
                 of
                 this
                 Treatise
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Honours
                 rendred
                 by
                 the
                 Heathens
                 to
                 their
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 CHAP.
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Statues
                 consecrated
                 to
                 the
                 false
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 rarest
                 and
                 most
                 eminent
                 Qualities
                 could
                 never
                 free
                 man
                 from
                 the
                 Power
                 of
                 Death
                 ,
                 that
                 buries
                 all
                 things
                 in
                 eternal
                 forgetfulness
                 by
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 Time.
                 Therefore
                 the
                 Images
                 and
                 Statues
                 have
                 been
                 invented
                 to
                 continue
                 the
                 Dead
                 in
                 our
                 remembrance
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 cause
                 them
                 to
                 live
                 amongst
                 their
                 .
                 Posteritie
                 ,
                 maugre
                 Death
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 tyranical
                 Power
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Images
                 or
                 Statues
                 are
                 visible
                 expressions
                 of
                 Reverence
                 :
                 And
                 because
                 they
                 have
                 a
                 relation
                 sometimes
                 to
                 Persons
                 of
                 Honour
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 deserved
                 from
                 us
                 our
                 esteem
                 ,
                 they
                 seem
                 to
                 demand
                 some
                 kind
                 of
                 respect
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 they
                 do
                 appear
                 venerable
                 Monuments
                 of
                 former
                 Ages
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 Honour
                 
                 done
                 unto
                 them
                 ,
                 is
                 intended
                 only
                 to
                 the
                 Persons
                 that
                 they
                 do
                 represent
                 .
              
               
                 Thus
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 He
                 is
                 expressed
                 unto
                 us
                 by
                 Images
                 to
                 raise
                 our
                 mind
                 to
                 the
                 contemplation
                 of
                 this
                 Holy
                 Saviour
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 cause
                 the
                 ruder
                 sort
                 of
                 People
                 to
                 learn
                 the
                 mysteries
                 of
                 his
                 Life
                 and
                 Death
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 commit
                 two
                 grievous
                 Sacriledges
                 by
                 erecting
                 Statues
                 to
                 their
                 Gods
                 ;
                 First
                 ,
                 They
                 did
                 acknowledge
                 others
                 besides
                 the
                 true
                 God
                 Almighty
                 ,
                 who
                 only
                 is
                 worthy
                 of
                 our
                 services
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 supreme
                 religious
                 respect
                 .
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 They
                 did
                 esteem
                 these
                 material
                 Statues
                 as
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 Worship
                 and
                 Adore
                 the
                 Works
                 of
                 their
                 hands
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 we
                 must
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 Idols
                 properly
                 are
                 not
                 Images
                 of
                 real
                 things
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 false
                 Divinities
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 unjustly
                 Honoured
                 as
                 Gods
                 ;
                 Therefore
                 the
                 Apostle
                 informs
                 us
                 that
                 an
                 Idol
                 is
                 nothing
                 ,
                 which
                 cannot
                 be
                 said
                 of
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 the
                 Saints
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 do
                 express
                 Persons
                 that
                 are
                 really
                 in
                 being
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 ,
                 we
                 must
                 observe
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 adore
                 these
                 very
                 Idols
                 as
                 Divinities
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 not
                 only
                 the
                 mistake
                 of
                 the
                 vulgar
                 sort
                 of
                 men
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 the
                 Learned
                 ;
                 Some
                 I
                 confess
                 of
                 them
                 did
                 acknowledge
                 the
                 folly
                 of
                 such
                 Practices
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 confirmed
                 unto
                 us
                 in
                 many
                 places
                 of
                 Holy
                 Scripture
                 ,
                 in
                 14
                 of
                 Wisdom
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 Psalms
                 ,
                 where
                 David
                 upbraids
                 the
                 Idolaters
                 because
                 they
                 did
                 worship
                 
                 the
                 works
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 hands
                 ,
                 Gods
                 that
                 had
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 members
                 of
                 the
                 humane
                 body
                 ,
                 but
                 neither
                 life
                 nor
                 action
                 in
                 them
                 All
                 the
                 Prophets
                 do
                 agree
                 to
                 this
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 was
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 that
                 the
                 children
                 of
                 Israel
                 did
                 adore
                 the
                 Golden-Calf
                 in
                 the
                 Wilderness
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Babylon
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 the
                 Grandees
                 of
                 his
                 Court
                 did
                 call
                 upon
                 Daniel
                 to
                 Worship
                 the
                 Idol
                 of
                 King
                 Belus
                 .
                 And
                 for
                 this
                 cause
                 S
                 ▪
                 Paul
                 in
                 his
                 Epistles
                 ,
                 labours
                 to
                 make
                 his
                 new
                 Disciples
                 understand
                 the
                 extraordinary
                 favour
                 which
                 Christ
                 had
                 vouchsaved
                 unto
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 withdrawn
                 them
                 from
                 the
                 service
                 of
                 the
                 mute
                 and
                 insensible
                 Idols
                 ▪
                 The
                 holy
                 Fathers
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 did
                 often
                 upbraid
                 the
                 Heathens
                 ,
                 that
                 their
                 Gods
                 were
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 nothing
                 but
                 Marble
                 and
                 Metal
                 ,
                 which
                 Arnobius
                 and
                 manyother
                 worthy
                 Persons
                 did
                 acknowledge
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 embraced
                 Christianity
                 .
                 And
                 Trismegistue
                 also
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 saying
                 of
                 St.
                 Austin
                 ,
                 did
                 really
                 believe
                 that
                 Idols
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 worshiped
                 and
                 sacrificed
                 unto
                 ,
                 that
                 Men
                 might
                 obtain
                 favours
                 from
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 decline
                 the
                 Evils
                 which
                 might
                 happen
                 unto
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 have
                 taken
                 notice
                 of
                 this
                 passage
                 ,
                 to
                 oppose
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Doctrine
                 of
                 Calvin
                 ,
                 who
                 teaches
                 the
                 contrary
                 ,
                 and
                 who
                 publishes
                 to
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Romanists
                 do
                 Imitate
                 the
                 Heathens
                 by
                 Honouring
                 Image
                 of
                 Jesus
                 Christ
                 ;
                 for
                 he
                 supposeth
                 that
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 consider
                 the
                 Idols
                 but
                 as
                 
                 the
                 naked
                 representations
                 of
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 without
                 any
                 other
                 respect
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 might
                 here
                 mention
                 the
                 most
                 Famous
                 Idols
                 of
                 Antiquity
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Colossus
                 of
                 
                   Rhodes
                   ,
                   Diana
                
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Ephesians
                   ,
                   Minerva
                
                 of
                 Athens
                 ;
                 this
                 last
                 did
                 bear
                 in
                 her
                 Buckler
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 workman
                 ,
                 formed
                 so
                 artificially
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 not
                 possible
                 to
                 remove
                 or
                 deface
                 it
                 without
                 a
                 visible
                 prejudice
                 to
                 the
                 whole
                 Piece
                 .
                 But
                 as
                 this
                 discourse
                 is
                 not
                 proper
                 to
                 our
                 design
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 insist
                 upon
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 
                 I
                 cannot
                 let
                 this
                 digression
                 of
                 the
                 Jesuite
                 pass
                 without
                 an
                 Antidote
                 .
                 He
                 pleads
                 for
                 the
                 worship
                 of
                 Images
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 condemns
                 in
                 others
                 ;
                 Yet
                 he
                 labours
                 to
                 justify
                 himself
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Religion
                 from
                 that
                 foul
                 crime
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 holy
                 Prophets
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Fathers
                 *
                 of
                 the
                 Christian
                 Church
                 do
                 accuse
                 the
                 Heathens
                 .
                 Whereas
                 it
                 is
                 plain
                 ,
                 both
                 by
                 their
                 Practices
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 Confession
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 eminent
                 of
                 their
                 Doctors
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 difference
                 between
                 them
                 and
                 the
                 most
                 superstitious
                 Heathens
                 ;
                 If
                 there
                 be
                 ,
                 we
                 must
                 confess
                 that
                 the
                 Papists
                 do
                 exceed
                 the
                 former
                 in
                 their
                 Idolatry
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 far
                 more
                 prophane
                 than
                 the
                 others
                 ever
                 were
                 .
              
               
                 First
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 difficult
                 to
                 prove
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 difference
                 in
                 the
                 outward
                 practices
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 and
                 Papists
                 in
                 this
                 particular
                 ;
                 We
                 need
                 but
                 open
                 our
                 eyes
                 ,
                 and
                 we
                 shall
                 see
                 them
                 both
                 Cringing
                 ,
                 Bowing
                 ,
                 Kneeling
                 ,
                 prostrate
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 Incensing
                 and.
                 Offering
                 to
                 their
                 
                 several
                 Images
                 all
                 the
                 Divine
                 Honours
                 that
                 the
                 Body
                 is
                 able
                 to
                 pay
                 unto
                 God.
                 We
                 shall
                 see
                 the
                 Papists
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 the
                 Heathens
                 pour
                 forth
                 their
                 Prayers
                 before
                 the
                 Statues
                 of
                 Wood
                 and
                 Metal
                 ,
                 and
                 expect
                 from
                 them
                 assistance
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 need
                 ,
                 we
                 shall
                 hear
                 them
                 say
                 unto
                 the
                 Stock
                 ,
                 thou
                 art
                 my
                 Father
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 Stone
                 ,
                 thou
                 hast
                 begotten
                 me
                 .
                 The
                 Heathens
                 did
                 cut
                 and
                 lance
                 themselves
                 
                 before
                 their
                 Idols
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 load
                 them
                 with
                 Garlands
                 and
                 Flowers
                 :
                 so
                 do
                 the
                 Papists
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Dominions
                 of
                 the
                 Pope
                 .
                 They
                 do
                 crown
                 and
                 set
                 them
                 out
                 on
                 their
                 Festival
                 dayes
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 oblige
                 the
                 People
                 to
                 more
                 respect
                 ,
                 they
                 do
                 offer
                 unto
                 them
                 their
                 Riches
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 a
                 common
                 practice
                 in
                 Spain
                 for
                 a
                 Mendicant
                 Fryer
                 to
                 carry
                 with
                 him
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 Virgin
                 
                 Mary
                 joyned
                 to
                 his
                 Box
                 ,
                 that
                 her
                 credit
                 among
                 the
                 ignorant
                 multitude
                 might
                 stir
                 up
                 their
                 Liberality
                 .
                 They
                 do
                 also
                 afflict
                 and
                 whip
                 themselves
                 before
                 their
                 Images
                 ,
                 cut
                 their
                 bodies
                 with
                 Knives
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 themselves
                 to
                 many
                 other
                 needless
                 sufferings
                 for
                 to
                 please
                 God
                 and
                 the
                 Saints
                 .
                 We
                 in
                 England
                 that
                 are
                 ignorant
                 of
                 these
                 follies
                 and
                 extravagant
                 practices
                 ,
                 are
                 apt
                 to
                 be
                 deceived
                 with
                 their
                 colourable
                 pretences
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 this
                 particular
                 they
                 are
                 more
                 guilty
                 than
                 the
                 Heathens
                 of
                 Superstition
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 Adore
                 &
                 Pray
                 unto
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 those
                 that
                 they
                 acknowledge
                 to
                 be
                 no
                 Gods
                 ,
                 whereas
                 the
                 Heathens
                 never
                 offered
                 Sacrifice
                 nor
                 worshiped
                 any
                 ,
                 but
                 such
                 as
                 they
                 imagined
                 to
                 be
                 in
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 Gods
                 ,
                 or
                 such
                 as
                 they
                 desired
                 should
                 be
                 promoted
                 to
                 that
                 Honour
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 But
                 saith
                 the
                 Jesuite
                 ,
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 acknowledge
                 the
                 Image
                 to
                 be
                 their
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 they
                 did
                 adore
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 do
                 not
                 do
                 ;
                 for
                 if
                 our
                 Bodies
                 do
                 bow
                 to
                 a
                 representation
                 ,
                 our
                 minds
                 do
                 at
                 the
                 same
                 instant
                 convey
                 our
                 respect
                 to
                 the
                 Person
                 represented
                 .
                 I
                 am
                 certain
                 the
                 Papists
                 cannot
                 say
                 more
                 in
                 this
                 case
                 to
                 free
                 themselves
                 from
                 the
                 suspition
                 of
                 folly
                 ;
                 Than
                 
                 a
                 Heathen
                 doth
                 in
                 
                   Minucius
                   Felix
                
                 where
                 he
                 wittily
                 disputes
                 with
                 a
                 Christian
                 ,
                 and
                 tells
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 is
                 not
                 so
                 ignorant
                 but
                 that
                 he
                 knows
                 the
                 power
                 and
                 value
                 of
                 the
                 Image
                 before
                 which
                 he
                 falls
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 fashioned
                 and
                 framed
                 by
                 a
                 work-man
                 :
                 I
                 know
                 ,
                 saith
                 he
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Image
                 is
                 but
                 Metal
                 or
                 Stone
                 ,
                 but
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 dedicated
                 to
                 represent
                 such
                 a
                 God
                 ,
                 or
                 such
                 a
                 virtue
                 of
                 God
                 named
                 
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   Apollo
                   ,
                   Mercurius
                   ,
                   Juno
                   ,
                
                 &c
                 do
                 not
                 think
                 that
                 my
                 homage
                 doth
                 stop
                 
                 there
                 ,
                 my
                 thoughts
                 do
                 direct
                 my
                 worship
                 to
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Attributes
                 that
                 I
                 adore
                 ,
                 in
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 such
                 an
                 Image
                 .
                 I
                 am
                 certain
                 no
                 Papist
                 can
                 say
                 more
                 for
                 himself
                 than
                 the
                 Heathen
                 doth
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 .
                 Yet
                 these
                 were
                 they
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 Prophets
                 do
                 cry
                 against
                 :
                 How
                 can
                 therefore
                 the
                 
                 Romanists
                 reckon
                 themselves
                 guiltless
                 ?
              
               
                 Our
                 Jesuite
                 abuseth
                 Arnobius
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 him
                 approve
                 of
                 Idolatry
                 against
                 his
                 will
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 see
                 what
                 he
                 saith
                 in
                 the
                 6.
                 
                 Book
                 
                   contra
                   gentes
                
                 .
                 The
                 Heathens
                 do
                 affirm
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 do
                 not
                 worship
                 the
                 Images
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 God
                 in
                 them
                 .
                 For
                 they
                 did
                 imagine
                 that
                 a
                 Divine
                 virtue
                 was
                 infused
                 into
                 them
                 by
                 a
                 dedication
                 .
                 Therefore
                 I
                 find
                 the
                 Heathens
                 more
                 rational
                 
                 in
                 their
                 practices
                 than
                 the
                 Papists
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 former
                 did
                 really
                 believe
                 that
                 which
                 did
                 require
                 their
                 Devotion
                 ,
                 whereas
                 the
                 latter
                 do
                 pay
                 the
                 same
                 respect
                 by
                 the
                 Decree
                 of
                 their
                 last
                 Council
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 yet
                 declare
                 that
                 they
                 imagine
                 no
                 such
                 excellency
                 in
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 should
                 oblige
                 them
                 to
                 this
                 humility
                 .
                 Bellarmine
                 their
                 great
                 Goliah
                 ,
                 affirms
                 ,
                 more
                 that
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 Saints
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 worshiped
                 properly
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 only
                 with
                 relation
                 to
                 the
                 persons
                 represented
                 .
                 The
                 most
                 superstitious
                 Heathen
                 cannot
                 say
                 
                 more
                 for
                 his
                 Idols
                 ,
                 than
                 this
                 Doctor
                 for
                 his
                 Images
                 .
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 heap
                 up
                 together
                 the
                 horrid
                 abominations
                 ,
                 and
                 grievous
                 expressions
                 of
                 the
                 Cross
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Virgin
                 Mary
                 in
                 their
                 Hymns
                 and
                 Prayers
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 extravagant
                 opinions
                 of
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 their
                 Doctors
                 ,
                 who
                 go
                 beyond
                 the
                 Heathens
                 in
                 Idolatry
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 robbing
                 God
                 of
                 his
                 Sovereign
                 Right
                 .
                 It
                 shall
                 fuffice
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 unlawfulness
                 of
                 bowing
                 to
                 Images
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 second
                 Commandment
                 God
                 forbids
                 the
                 Israelites
                 to
                 make
                 to
                 themselves
                 
                   any
                   graven
                   Image
                   ,
                   nor
                   the
                   likeness
                   of
                   any
                   thing
                   that
                   is
                   in
                   Heaven
                   above
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   Thou
                   shalt
                   not
                   bow
                   down
                   to
                   them
                   nor
                   worship
                   them
                   .
                
                 This
                 is
                 so
                 plain
                 against
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 thought
                 it
                 convenient
                 to
                 dash
                 it
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 writings
                 that
                 appear
                 to
                 the
                 people
                 in
                 their
                 own
                 Language
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 supply
                 the
                 want
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 they
                 have
                 divided
                 the
                 10th
                 Commandment
                 into
                 two
                 to
                 make
                 up
                 Ten.
                 It
                 is
                 craftily
                 done
                 not
                 to
                 betray
                 their
                 own
                 weakness
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 banish
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Decalogue
                 a
                 Commandment
                 ,
                 that
                 accuseth
                 
                 them
                 of
                 Idolatry
                 in
                 such
                 plain
                 terms
                 .
              
               
                 God
                 will
                 not
                 give
                 his
                 Glory
                 unto
                 another
                 ,
                 we
                 must
                 not
                 asso●iate
                 unto
                 him
                 any
                 creature
                 ,
                 His
                 Divine
                 Rights
                 cannot
                 without
                 Prophanation
                 be
                 ascribed
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 being
                 ,
                 therefore
                 unto
                 God
                 only
                 we
                 must
                 pray
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 our
                 addresses
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 as
                 he
                 is
                 a
                 Spirit
                 ,
                 we
                 must
                 worship
                 him
                 in
                 Spirit
                 and
                 in
                 Truth
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 not
                 possible
                 to
                 represent
                 God
                 with
                 any
                 
                 Image
                 ;
                 Besides
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 forbidden
                 ,
                 Moses
                 warns
                 the
                 Israelites
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 should
                 not
                 liken
                 God
                 unto
                 any
                 thing
                 .
                 In
                 our
                 Houses
                 and
                 Temples
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 God
                 and
                 of
                 Christ
                 have
                 been
                 esteemed
                 as
                 the
                 prophanations
                 of
                 the
                 sacred
                 Persons
                 that
                 we
                 are
                 to
                 Adore
                 by
                 all
                 sober
                 Christians
                 ;
                 Therefore
                 the
                 
                 7th
                 Council
                 did
                 forbid
                 the
                 Image
                 
                 of
                 Christ
                 to
                 be
                 drawn
                 ;
                 
                   unto
                   whom
                
                 (
                 saith
                 
                   Esaias
                   )
                   will
                   you
                   liken
                   God
                   ,
                   or
                   with
                   what
                   resemblance
                   will
                   you
                   represent
                   him
                   ?
                
                 He
                 hath
                 engraven
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 himself
                 in
                 the
                 great
                 Fabrick
                 
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 beautiful
                 make
                 and
                 disposition
                 of
                 all
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 there
                 the
                 invisible
                 things
                 of
                 him
                 are
                 clearly
                 seen
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 Here
                 it
                 becomes
                 us
                 to
                 adore
                 him
                 by
                 a
                 continual
                 contemplation
                 of
                 his
                 Wonders
                 ,
                 Power
                 ,
                 Wisdom
                 ,
                 and
                 Goodness
                 .
                 All
                 other
                 Images
                 of
                 God
                 do
                 beget
                 in
                 us
                 a
                 mean
                 esteem
                 of
                 his
                 Greatness
                 ,
                 and
                 instead
                 of
                 benefiting
                 the
                 simple
                 People
                 ,
                 they
                 steal
                 away
                 from
                 him
                 their
                 hearts
                 and
                 affections
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 direct
                 contrary
                 design
                 of
                 the
                 Gospel
                 .
                 They
                 nourish
                 ignorance
                 and
                 error
                 ,
                 for
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 place
                 in
                 the
                 world
                 where
                 so
                 many
                 absurdities
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 his
                 Power
                 are
                 believed
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 Spain
                 
                 and
                 Italy
                 ,
                 where
                 Images
                 are
                 worshiped
                 I
                 could
                 here
                 mention
                 all
                 the
                 Fathers
                 of
                 the
                 Primitive
                 Church
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 worthy
                 men
                 since
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 abhorred
                 this
                 abuse
                 that
                 is
                 crept
                 in
                 amongst
                 Christians
                 
                   Claudius
                   Clemens
                
                 ,
                 Bishop
                 of
                 
                 Auxere
                 in
                 France
                 ,
                 opposed
                 the
                 Pope
                 ,
                 and
                 would
                 not
                 suffer
                 Images
                 in
                 his
                 Diocess
                 ,
                 
                   Leo
                   Isaurus
                   ,
                   Constantine
                   ,
                   Nicephorus
                   ▪
                   Leo
                   Armenus
                   ,
                   Michael
                   Balbus
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Theophilus
                 the
                 Emperors
                 of
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 have
                 been
                 branded
                 with
                 Excommunications
                 from
                 Rome
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 would
                 not
                 subscribe
                 to
                 this
                 horrid
                 Idolatry
                 .
                 And
                 a
                 Greek
                 Historian
                 informs
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 Frederick
                 
                 I.
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 who
                 led
                 his
                 Army
                 to
                 the
                 conquest
                 of
                 the
                 Holy
                 Land
                 ,
                 entred
                 into
                 Armenia
                 ,
                 
                 the
                 Christians
                 of
                 those
                 parts
                 d
                 d
                 lovingly
                 receive
                 them
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 worship
                 of
                 Images
                 was
                 not
                 admitted
                 
                 amongstthem
                 ,
                 as
                 amongst
                 other
                 Northern
                 People
                 .
                 I
                 could
                 here
                 muster
                 up
                 an
                 Army
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 excellent
                 men
                 of
                 all
                 ages
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 detested
                 this
                 grievous
                 abuse
                 ,
                 that
                 renders
                 Christians
                 ridiculous
                 to
                 Mahumetans
                 .
                 We
                 do
                 not
                 deny
                 a
                 civil
                 respect
                 to
                 the
                 Pictures
                 and
                 Images
                 of
                 the
                 Dead
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 or
                 their
                 Prototypes
                 share
                 in
                 any
                 part
                 of
                 that
                 Honour
                 only
                 due
                 unto
                 God
                 ,
                 is
                 an
                 extravagancy
                 that
                 we
                 ought
                 to
                 abominate
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 ,
                 Our
                 Jesuite
                 is
                 grosly
                 mistaken
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 saith
                 that
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 Saints
                 worshiped
                 ,
                 or
                 unto
                 whom
                 men
                 do
                 kneel
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 Idols
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 are
                 representations
                 of
                 real
                 things
                 .
                 The
                 LXX
                 ,
                 and
                 St.
                 Paul
                 are
                 not
                 of
                 his
                 judgement
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 call
                 many
                 real
                 things
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 
                 
                 Idols
                 .
                 the
                 word
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 is
                 composed
                 of
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 a
                 Face
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 to
                 serve
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Greek
                 writers
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 taken
                 for
                 the
                 Images
                 unto
                 whom
                 we
                 pay
                 respect
                 and
                 service
                 ;
                 Nevertheless
                 ,
                 St.
                 Paul
                 saith
                 that
                 the
                 Idol
                 is
                 nothing
                 ;
                 I
                 conceive
                 he
                 borrows
                 this
                 expression
                 from
                 the
                 Hebrew
                 word
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 which
                 signifies
                 a
                 thing
                 without
                 form
                 ,
                 or
                 an
                 insignificant
                 thing
                 :
                 the
                 LXX
                 upon
                 the
                 
                   1
                   Sam.
                   12.
                   21.
                
                 have
                 rendred
                 it
                 thus
                 ,
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 they
                 call
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 many
                 other
                 passages
                 ,
                 ●dols
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 ,
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 things
                 that
                 have
                 no
                 being
                 ,
                 which
                 relates
                 rather
                 to
                 Images
                 than
                 to
                 the
                 Originals
                 .
                 The
                 Images
                 therefore
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 had
                 no
                 being
                 ;
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 no
                 real
                 being
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 imagined
                 them
                 to
                 have
                 ,
                 no
                 power
                 ,
                 no
                 virtue
                 ,
                 no
                 Soul
                 ,
                 nor
                 motion
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 things
                 void
                 of
                 life
                 and
                 action
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 but
                 Wood
                 ,
                 Stone
                 ,
                 or
                 Metal
                 ,
                 that
                 could
                 neither
                 hear
                 ,
                 nor
                 deliver
                 us
                 :
                 and
                 are
                 not
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 the
                 Saints
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 kind
                 ?
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 things
                 without
                 Soul
                 ,
                 things
                 void
                 of
                 sense
                 and
                 understanding
                 .
                 What
                 qualities
                 do
                 the
                 Papists
                 fancy
                 in
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 do
                 cause
                 them
                 to
                 excel
                 the
                 Idols
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 ?
                 But
                 if
                 our
                 Jesuit
                 will
                 needs
                 apply
                 this
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 to
                 the
                 originals
                 of
                 the
                 Images
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 afraid
                 the
                 
                 Saints
                 will
                 be
                 found
                 included
                 in
                 this
                 expression
                 .
                 I
                 will
                 fay
                 nothing
                 of
                 many
                 that
                 are
                 now
                 adored
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 never
                 in
                 being
                 ,
                 unless
                 in
                 the
                 fancy
                 of
                 some
                 dreaming
                 Monk
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 a
                 religious
                 Romancer
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 certain
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Saints
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 represented
                 unto
                 us
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 in
                 being
                 ,
                 the
                 Bodies
                 have
                 been
                 consumed
                 long
                 ago
                 
                 into
                 ashes
                 .
                 Their
                 Souls
                 are
                 at
                 rest
                 ,
                 but
                 unable
                 to
                 
                 hear
                 our
                 Prayers
                 and
                 groans
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 yield
                 unto
                 us
                 any
                 comfort
                 :
                 To
                 what
                 purpose
                 therefore
                 do
                 we
                 make
                 our
                 adresses
                 to
                 these
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 or
                 worship
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 able
                 to
                 receive
                 our
                 respects
                 ,
                 or
                 make
                 any
                 returns
                 .
                 Is
                 it
                 not
                 better
                 according
                 to
                 Gods
                 express
                 command
                 ,
                 to
                 humble
                 our selves
                 unto
                 him
                 who
                 is
                 every
                 where
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 our
                 need
                 call
                 upon
                 his
                 mercy
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 promised
                 to
                 hear
                 us
                 for
                 Christ
                 his
                 sake
                 ?
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Edifices
                 and
                 Temples
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Heathen
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 THe
                 Pagans
                 did
                 commonly
                 boast
                 of
                 seaven
                 stately
                 structures
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 named
                 
                   the
                   seaven
                   wonders
                   of
                   the
                   world
                   .
                
                 The
                 first
                 was
                 the
                 Wall
                 of
                 Babylon
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 pleasant
                 Gardens
                 which
                 Queen
                 Semiramis
                 planted
                 :
                 About
                 
                 this
                 Work
                 3
                 hundred
                 thousand
                 men
                 were
                 continually
                 imployd
                 for
                 many
                 years
                 .
                 The
                 second
                 was
                 ,
                 the
                 Labyrinth
                 of
                 Egypt
                 described
                 by
                 Herodotus
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 16
                 large
                 apartments
                 o●
                 su●ptuous
                 Pallaces
                 were
                 built
                 ,
                 to
                 equal
                 the
                 16
                 Governments
                 or
                 Provinces
                 of
                 Egypt
                 ;
                 There
                 were
                 in
                 it
                 so
                 many
                 wayes
                 and
                 artificial
                 walks
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 no
                 easy
                 matter
                 to
                 find
                 the
                 way
                 out
                 again
                 .
                 Dedalus
                 took
                 his
                 model
                 upon
                 this
                 to
                 build
                 his
                 Labyrinth
                 in
                 the
                 Isle
                 of
                 
                 Crete
                 .
                 The
                 third
                 wonder
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Pyramides
                 of
                 Egypt
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 of
                 a
                 prodigious
                 height
                 ,
                 six
                 hundred
                 thousand
                 men
                 were
                 buisy
                 in
                 the
                 buildin
                 gone
                 of
                 them
                 during
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 twenty
                 years
                 ,
                 as
                 was
                 commonly
                 reported
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 next
                 was
                 the
                 Mausolaeum
                 of
                 Caria
                 ,
                 which
                 Q.
                 Artemisia
                 built
                 as
                 a
                 Sepulchre
                 for
                 her
                 deceased
                 Husband
                 Mausolaeus
                 ;
                 she
                 enricht
                 it
                 with
                 so
                 many
                 rare
                 ornaments
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 esteemed
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 greatest
                 wonders
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 .
                 All
                 Monuments
                 of
                 this
                 kind
                 have
                 since
                 been
                 called
                 Mausolaea
                 .
                 This
                 Queen
                 did
                 love
                 her
                 Husband
                 so
                 much
                 ,
                 that
                 besides
                 this
                 Edisice
                 which
                 she
                 erected
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 she
                 caused
                 the
                 ashes
                 of
                 his
                 consumed
                 body
                 to
                 be
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 cup
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 swallowed
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 him
                 a
                 lodging
                 next
                 to
                 her
                 heart
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Colossus
                 of
                 Rhodes
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 have
                 already
                 mentioned
                 ,
                 was
                 reckoned
                 amongst
                 these
                 wonders
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 sixth
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Statue
                 of
                 
                   Jnpiter
                   Olymp
                
                 .
                 made
                 by
                 Phidias
                 of
                 a
                 hundred
                 and
                 fifty
                 Cubits
                 high
                 .
                 The
                 head
                 was
                 of
                 pure
                 Gold
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 body
                 was
                 of
                 Brass
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 the
                 greatest
                 wonder
                 and
                 incomparable
                 work
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Ephesus
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Diana
                 .
                 A
                 hundred
                 and
                 twenty
                 large
                 Pillars
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 there
                 ,
                 every
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 had
                 been
                 the
                 sole
                 enterprise
                 and
                 work
                 of
                 a
                 King
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 resolved
                 to
                 make
                 his
                 Piety
                 and
                 Magnificence
                 appear
                 upon
                 his
                 Pillar
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Temples
                 all
                 over
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 were
                 also
                 stately
                 .
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 offer
                 to
                 number
                 them
                 ;
                 It
                 is
                 sufficient
                 to
                 know
                 that
                 the
                 Princes
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Nations
                 did
                 imploy
                 their
                 Riches
                 and
                 ingenious
                 inventions
                 of
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 only
                 in
                 the
                 building
                 of
                 Temples
                 to
                 their
                 Gods.
                 In
                 which
                 there
                 were
                 always
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 three
                 Altars
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 at
                 the
                 entry
                 where
                 the
                 Victims
                 were
                 offered
                 and
                 burnt
                 .
                 The
                 second
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 third
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 inclosure
                 called
                 Adytum
                 and
                 Sacrarium
                 ,
                 or
                 Secreta
                 ,
                 and
                 Penetralia
                 .
                 Upon
                 these
                 two
                 last
                 only
                 Perfumes
                 and
                 sweet
                 scents
                 were
                 usually
                 burnt
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 place
                 Beds
                 and
                 Cusheons
                 were
                 commonly
                 placed
                 ,
                 called
                 therefore
                 Lectisternia
                 and
                 Pulvinaria
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 People
                 might
                 sit
                 and
                 lean
                 upon
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 Feasts
                 that
                 were
                 there
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Gods.
                 The
                 Officers
                 of
                 this
                 Ceremony
                 were
                 named
                 Epulones
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 these
                 Gods
                 were
                 but
                 of
                 an
                 inanimate
                 substance
                 of
                 wood
                 or
                 stone
                 &c
                 ,
                 they
                 could
                 neither
                 eat
                 nor
                 drink
                 ,
                 as
                 Daniel
                 proved
                 to
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Babylon
                 in
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Belus
                 :
                 so
                 that
                 all
                 these
                 rare
                 dishes
                 of
                 Meat
                 that
                 were
                 offered
                 ,
                 did
                 turn
                 to
                 the
                 advantage
                 of
                 these
                 wretched
                 Ministers
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 feed
                 instead
                 of
                 their
                 Gods
                 upon
                 the
                 Dainties
                 that
                 were
                 consecrated
                 for
                 their
                 service
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 In
                 this
                 last
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 these
                 following
                 particulars
                 of
                 the
                 Wonders
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 are
                 omitted
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 deserve
                 our
                 knowledge
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Walls
                 of
                 Babylon
                 built
                 by
                 that
                 Warlike
                 Queen
                 Semiarmis
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 fat
                 Clay
                 only
                 found
                 near
                 Euphrates
                 ,
                 were
                 very
                 large
                 and
                 high
                 .
                 Plinius
                 speaks
                 of
                 200
                 Feet
                 in
                 height
                 ;
                 Others
                 o●
                 250
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 of
                 300
                 :
                 But
                 the
                 ordinary
                 opinion
                 ,
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 50
                 Cubits
                 high
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 broad
                 that
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 Chariots
                 might
                 go
                 upon
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 breast
                 without
                 danger
                 .
                 Diodorus
                 saith
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 three
                 hundred
                 and
                 five
                 Stadia
                 round
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 about
                 11
                 French
                 Leagues
                 .
                 This
                 stately
                 Wall
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 great
                 Bridge
                 that
                 did
                 reach
                 over
                 the
                 River
                 Euphrates
                 ,
                 this
                 Queen
                 caused
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 in
                 a
                 year
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Pyramides
                 of
                 Egypt
                 do
                 remain
                 to
                 this
                 very
                 day
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 may
                 believe
                 the
                 Travellers
                 that
                 have
                 lately
                 been
                 in
                 that
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 are
                 mightily
                 defaced
                 by
                 Time.
                 There
                 were
                 three
                 of
                 them
                 ;
                 The
                 greatest
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Chemnis
                 King
                 of
                 
                   Egypt
                   ▪
                
                 as
                 a
                 stately
                 Monument
                 of
                 his
                 Power
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 be
                 his
                 Sepulchre
                 after
                 his
                 death
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 placed
                 about
                 16
                 English
                 Miles
                 from
                 Memphis
                 or
                 Grand-Cairo
                 :
                 It
                 was
                 about
                 the
                 
                 length
                 of
                 6
                 Acres
                 of
                 Land
                 in
                 height
                 ,
                 as
                 Diodorus
                 an
                 eye-witness
                 affirms
                 .
                 An
                 Italian
                 Traveller
                 
                 speaks
                 of
                 250
                 degrees
                 high
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 built
                 of
                 a
                 hard
                 Arabian
                 stone
                 ,
                 every
                 one
                 
                 being
                 about
                 30
                 Foot
                 long
                 .
                 Chemnis
                 was
                 torn
                 in
                 pieces
                 in
                 a
                 Mutiny
                 of
                 his
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 could
                 never
                 obtain
                 the
                 Honour
                 of
                 being
                 interred
                 in
                 this
                 
                 Sepnl●ôer
                 .
                 His
                 brother
                 Cephus
                 succeeded
                 him
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 imitated
                 his
                 vain-glorious
                 actions
                 in
                 erecting
                 another
                 lesser
                 than
                 the
                 former
                 ,
                 four
                 square
                 .
                 The
                 last
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 King
                 Mycerinus
                 ,
                 or
                 as
                 some
                 say
                 by
                 that
                 famous
                 Strumpet
                 Rhodope
                 .
                 Vpon
                 this
                 appears
                 a
                 great
                 head
                 of
                 black
                 Marble
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 hundred
                 two
                 foot
                 round
                 about
                 the
                 Temples
                 ,
                 and
                 about
                 60
                 foot
                 high
                 from
                 the
                 chin
                 to
                 the
                 crown
                 of
                 the
                 head
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Labyrinth
                 of
                 Egypt
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Menis
                 ,
                 or
                 Maros
                 King
                 of
                 that
                 Conntrey
                 for
                 his
                 Tomb.
                 It
                 is
                 described
                 by
                 Herodotus
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 of
                 Crete
                 is
                 by
                 Diodorus
                 ,
                 who
                 saw
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Colossus
                 of
                 Rhodes
                 was
                 made
                 by
                 Chares
                 of
                 
                   Asia
                   minor
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 12
                 years
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 was
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Sun.
                 It
                 cost
                 about
                 
                 44000
                 pounds
                 English
                 money
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 placed
                 at
                 the
                 entrance
                 of
                 the
                 Harbour
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 right
                 foot
                 standing
                 on
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Land
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 left
                 foot
                 standing
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 ;
                 between
                 the
                 leggs
                 the
                 tallest
                 Ships
                 with
                 their
                 Masts
                 ,
                 did
                 enter
                 into
                 the
                 Haven
                 .
                 When
                 it
                 fell
                 down
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 by
                 an
                 Earth-quake
                 ,
                 few
                 men
                 were
                 able
                 to
                 embrace
                 the
                 little
                 finger
                 of
                 this
                 prodigious
                 Statue
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Mausoleum
                 of
                 Queen
                 Artimesia
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 four
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 excellent
                 Artificers
                 of
                 that
                 time
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 square
                 four
                 hundred
                 and
                 eleven
                 feet
                 round
                 and
                 45
                 Cubits
                 high
                 :
                 the
                 square
                 looking
                 East
                 ,
                 was
                 finished
                 by
                 Scapas
                 ,
                 that
                 towards
                 the
                 West
                 by
                 Leocares
                 ,
                 the
                 S●u
                 ▪
                 the●n
                 by
                 Timotheus
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Northern
                 by
                 
                 Briax
                 .
                 Vpon
                 the
                 top
                 another
                 Workman
                 placed
                 a
                 great
                 Brazen
                 Chariot
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 wonderful
                 and
                 curious
                 inventions
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Statue
                 of
                 
                   Jupiter
                   Olymp.
                
                 was
                 the
                 neatest
                 of
                 all
                 these
                 Works
                 ;
                 It
                 was
                 erected
                 by
                 by
                 the
                 Eleens
                 a
                 People
                 of
                 Greece
                 ,
                 and
                 placed
                 in
                 a
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 
                 enriched
                 afterwards
                 by
                 many
                 curious
                 representations
                 ,
                 and
                 excellent
                 Statues
                 .
                 This
                 of
                 Jupiter
                 was
                 sitting
                 in
                 a
                 Chair
                 half
                 naked
                 ,
                 but
                 from
                 the
                 girdle
                 downward
                 he
                 was
                 covered
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 he
                 held
                 an
                 Eagle
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 a
                 Scepter
                 .
                 *
                 Caligula
                 endeavored
                 to
                 transport
                 it
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 but
                 those
                 that
                 were
                 imployed
                 about
                 it
                 ,
                 were
                 frighted
                 from
                 their
                 enterprise
                 by
                 some
                 unexpected
                 accident
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Temple
                 of
                 Diana
                 at
                 Ephesus
                 ,
                 was
                 first
                 begun
                 by
                 Archiphron
                 ,
                 and
                 seated
                 (
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 the
                 Earth-quakes
                 )
                 in
                 a
                 Marish
                 ground
                 ;
                 It
                 was
                 425
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 220
                 broad
                 ,
                 and
                 127
                 stately
                 Pillars
                 were
                 in
                 it
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 rebuilt
                 again
                 by
                 
                 Alexander's
                 command
                 ,
                 by
                 his
                 Ingineer
                 ,
                 who
                 laid
                 the
                 Foundations
                 ,
                 and
                 designed
                 the
                 ground
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Alexandria
                 in
                 Egypt
                 :
                 his
                 name
                 was
                 Dinocrates
                 .
              
               
                 Several
                 other
                 places
                 very
                 remarkable
                 ,
                 rich
                 and
                 stately
                 were
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Heathen
                 Gods
                 ,
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Athens
                 to
                 Minerva
                 ,
                 and
                 another
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 City
                 to
                 Mars
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 
                 Judges
                 did
                 meet
                 to
                 examine
                 causes
                 of
                 Life
                 and
                 Death
                 ,
                 The
                 Pantheon
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 more
                 which
                 the
                 Poets
                 do
                 sometimes
                 mention
                 .
                 Now
                 there
                 were
                 several
                 sorts
                 
                 of
                 these
                 Religious
                 houses
                 set
                 apart
                 for
                 the
                 service
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 Templum
                 ,
                 from
                 templando
                 ,
                 or
                 contemplando
                 ,
                 signifies
                 an
                 Edifice
                 dedicated
                 to
                 a
                 God
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 a
                 Divinity
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 and
                 worshipped
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 Consecrated
                 by
                 the
                 Augures
                 with
                 Prayers
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 .
                 Aedes
                 was
                 an
                 Edifice
                 dedicated
                 to
                 a
                 God
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 consecrated
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 solemn
                 manner
                 as
                 a
                 Temple
                 .
              
               
                 Fanum
                 ,
                 à
                 ●ando
                 to
                 speak
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 the
                 People
                 were
                 instructed
                 in
                 the
                 mysteries
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Heathen
                 Gods
                 ,
                 or
                 because
                 their
                 Oracles
                 were
                 given
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 God
                 was
                 made
                 to
                 speak
                 there
                 by
                 the
                 crafty
                 Priests
                 .
              
               
                 Delubrum
                 ,
                 signifies
                 sometimes
                 the
                 Place
                 where
                 the
                 Image
                 or
                 the
                 statue
                 of
                 the
                 God
                 did
                 stand
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 a
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 to
                 more
                 than
                 one
                 Divinity
                 .
                 Aedicula
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 diminutive
                 of
                 aedes
                 ,
                 a
                 holy
                 house
                 ;
                 some
                 think
                 it
                 
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 little
                 enclosure
                 where
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 a
                 God
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 worshipped
                 ,
                 open
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 were
                 the
                 names
                 of
                 the
                 places
                 where
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 pay
                 their
                 Devotions
                 to
                 their
                 false
                 Gods
                 :
                 But
                 besides
                 these
                 names
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 several
                 other
                 Corners
                 &
                 parts
                 of
                 holy
                 houses
                 that
                 we
                 must
                 not
                 omit
                 ;
                 as
                 Sacrarium
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 holyest
                 place
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 or
                 that
                 where
                 every
                 one
                 had
                 not
                 liberty
                 to
                 come
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 may
                 see
                 in
                 
                   Cicero
                   pro
                   Milone
                
                 ;
                 which
                 place
                 if
                 you
                 compare
                 
                 with
                 that
                 of
                 
                   Claudian
                   .
                   lib.
                   1.
                   de
                   Raptu
                   Prof.
                   Adytis
                   gavis●
                   Cybele
                   prosilit
                   .
                
                 It
                 will
                 
                 appear
                 ,
                 that
                 Adytum
                 and
                 Sacrarium
                 is
                 the
                 same
                 in
                 these
                 places
                 .
                 Donarium
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 place
                 
                 
                 where
                 the
                 gifts
                 offered
                 to
                 the
                 Divinities
                 were
                 placed
                 ,
                 called
                 in
                 Greek
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 Lucus
                 is
                 a
                 
                 Grove
                 ,
                 so
                 thick
                 with
                 Trees
                 planted
                 near
                 some
                 Temples
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 appeared
                 very
                 dark
                 :
                 There
                 the
                 Heathens
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 worship
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 the
                 Israelites
                 did
                 imitate
                 Ara
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 little
                 Altar
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 the
                 Beasts
                 were
                 burned
                 to
                 their
                 inferior
                 Gods.
                 
                   Altare
                   ▪
                
                 was
                 the
                 higher
                 Altars
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 superior
                 .
                 Scrobiculus
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 round
                 Pit
                 ,
                 having
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 a
                 little
                 Altar
                 ,
                 about
                 which
                 the
                 blood
                 of
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 did
                 run
                 .
                 *
                 Focus
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 domestick
                 Altar
                 ,
                 consecrated
                 to
                 the
                 domestick
                 Gods
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Chimney
                 ▪
                 Tholum
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 place
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 or
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Temples
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 soldiers
                 did
                 hang
                 up
                 their
                 Arms
                 ,
                 and
                 dedicated
                 their
                 spoils
                 ,
                 and
                 where
                 the
                 Pictures
                 were
                 placed
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 this
                 expression
                 of
                 
                   Statius
                   ,
                   figamque
                   superbis
                   arma
                
                 Tholis
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 these
                 Edifices
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Honour
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 were
                 not
                 all
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Fabrick
                 ;
                 some
                 were
                 built
                 with
                 open
                 Roofs
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 
                 others
                 were
                 shut
                 as
                 our
                 Churches
                 .
                 The
                 Persians
                 had
                 none
                 for
                 their
                 God
                 Mithra
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 the
                 Sun
                 ;
                 therefore
                 he
                 was
                 worshipped
                 in
                 a
                 Grove
                 .
              
               
                 Neither
                 were
                 Temples
                 dedicated
                 to
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Gods
                 :
                 amongst
                 the
                 Romans
                 and
                 Greeks
                 we
                 shall
                 find
                 this
                 distinction
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Altars
                 and
                 Temples
                 were
                 consecrated
                 to
                 the
                 Celestial
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 those
                 that
                 were
                 admitted
                 amongst
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 Foci
                 ,
                 or
                 Chimneys
                 to
                 the
                 earthly
                 or
                 Penates
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Caves
                   ,
                   Dens
                
                 ,
                 and
                 low
                 Huts
                 to
                 the
                 infernal
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 Nymphs
                 and
                 
                 field
                 Divinities
                 ,
                 as
                 Homerus
                 takes
                 notice
                 .
                 
                 
                   Odyss
                   .
                   13.
                
                 
                 
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 offered
                 to
                 the
                 Idol
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 THe
                 Devils
                 the
                 sworn
                 Enemies
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 &
                 of
                 his
                 Glory
                 ,
                 were
                 not
                 satisfyed
                 with
                 the
                 offerings
                 of
                 the
                 fruits
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Creatures
                 that
                 were
                 commonly
                 sacrificed
                 to
                 them
                 ;
                 but
                 they
                 were
                 so
                 barbarous
                 as
                 to
                 require
                 also
                 human
                 victims
                 ,
                 Men
                 and
                 Women
                 to
                 be
                 butchered
                 ,
                 and
                 burnt
                 alive
                 upon
                 their
                 Altars
                 .
              
               
                 Virgil
                 informs
                 us
                 how
                 Aeneas
                 chose
                 eight
                 young
                 Gallants
                 of
                 the
                 Prisoners
                 that
                 he
                 had
                 made
                 upon
                 the
                 Enemy
                 ,
                 to
                 sacrifice
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 Gods
                 of
                 Hell
                 for
                 the
                 sake
                 of
                 Pallas
                 .
                 This
                 custom
                 hath
                 been
                 in
                 use
                 also
                 amongst
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 aswel
                 as
                 amongst
                 the
                 other
                 People
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 .
                 The
                 Parents
                 did
                 sometimes
                 dedicate
                 their
                 young
                 Infants
                 to
                 the
                 Household
                 Gods
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 of
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 .
                 The
                 Scythians
                 who
                 did
                 inhabit
                 about
                 that
                 part
                 that
                 is
                 named
                 Taurica
                 ,
                 did
                 sacrifice
                 to
                 their
                 Diana
                 all
                 strangers
                 whose
                 unhappiness
                 it
                 was
                 to
                 fall
                 into
                 their
                 hands
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 seen
                 in
                 the
                 story
                 of
                 Orestes
                 and
                 
                 
                   Iphigenia
                   .
                   Bacchus
                
                 also
                 had
                 an
                 Altar
                 in
                 Arcadia
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 a
                 great
                 many
                 young
                 Damsels
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 beaten
                 to
                 death
                 with
                 bunches
                 of
                 Rods.
                 This
                 was
                 also
                 practised
                 by
                 the
                 Lacedemonians
                 ,
                 who
                 scourged
                 their
                 Children
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Mercurius
                 .
                 The
                 Germans
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Cimbri
                 did
                 sacrifice
                 also
                 Men
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 cruelly
                 tormented
                 them
                 .
                 Some
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 choose
                 the
                 aged
                 ,
                 to
                 cast
                 them
                 into
                 a
                 River
                 to
                 please
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 free
                 themselves
                 from
                 the
                 trouble
                 of
                 their
                 companies
                 ,
                 especially
                 when
                 they
                 grew
                 decrepit
                 and
                 useless
                 ,
                 therefore
                 they
                 were
                 called
                 
                   Senes
                   depontani
                
                 .
                 The
                 People
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 Northerns
                 Climates
                 ,
                 did
                 dress
                 for
                 them
                 a
                 Feast
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 did
                 make
                 merry
                 with
                 their
                 friends
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 they
                 did
                 crown
                 them
                 with
                 Garlands
                 ,
                 and
                 cast
                 them
                 down
                 from
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 a
                 high
                 Rock
                 into
                 the
                 Sea.
                 Caesar
                 in
                 his
                 Commentaries
                 speaks
                 of
                 the
                 ancient
                 Gauls
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 trim
                 up
                 a
                 great
                 Statue
                 made
                 of
                 branches
                 of
                 Ozier
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 did
                 fill
                 it
                 with
                 Men
                 alive
                 ,
                 to
                 burn
                 them
                 together
                 to
                 their
                 Idols
                 .
                 Alexander
                 ab
                 Alexandro
                 mentions
                 a
                 certain
                 Aristomenes
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 a
                 Sacrifice
                 caused
                 300
                 Men
                 to
                 be
                 slain
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 his
                 God.
                 Many
                 of
                 them
                 did
                 offer
                 their
                 own
                 Children
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 an
                 ordinary
                 practice
                 amongst
                 the
                 Egyptians
                 ,
                 and
                 amongst
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Palestina
                 .
                 The
                 Holy
                 Scripture
                 doth
                 reproach
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Israelites
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 so
                 vile
                 as
                 to
                 imitate
                 these
                 abominable
                 inhumanities
                 ,
                 in
                 causing
                 their
                 Children
                 to
                 
                 pass
                 between
                 two
                 fires
                 so
                 often
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 were
                 miserably
                 scorched
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 also
                 shut
                 them
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 hallow
                 Idol
                 of
                 Brass
                 called
                 Moloch
                 ,
                 that
                 was
                 red
                 hot
                 ;
                 and
                 whiles
                 these
                 innocent
                 Victims
                 were
                 consuming
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 sound
                 the
                 Trumpets
                 ,
                 and
                 beat
                 the
                 Drums
                 and
                 other
                 Instruments
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 People
                 might
                 not
                 hear
                 the
                 complaints
                 and
                 outcries
                 of
                 the
                 poor
                 creatures
                 ;
                 Therefore
                 this
                 place
                 was
                 called
                 Tophet
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 a
                 Drum.
                 Achaz
                 and
                 Manasses
                 Kings
                 of
                 Jadea
                 ,
                 were
                 so
                 wretched
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 cause
                 their
                 Children
                 to
                 pass
                 through
                 this
                 Fire
                 :
                 From
                 hence
                 we
                 may
                 see
                 ,
                 unto
                 what
                 excess
                 of
                 impiety
                 and
                 wickedness
                 they
                 were
                 arrived
                 by
                 the
                 Devils
                 perswasions
                 .
                 The
                 Sacrifices
                 that
                 were
                 offered
                 for
                 the
                 deceased
                 ,
                 were
                 no
                 less
                 inhumane
                 ,
                 for
                 many
                 Nations
                 did
                 keep
                 this
                 custom
                 at
                 the
                 Funerals
                 of
                 Persons
                 of
                 Quality
                 ,
                 to
                 kill
                 and
                 burn
                 with
                 them
                 such
                 as
                 had
                 been
                 acceptable
                 to
                 them
                 in
                 their
                 lives
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 judged
                 able
                 to
                 do
                 them
                 service
                 in
                 the
                 other
                 world
                 .
                 Some
                 did
                 take
                 in
                 War
                 as
                 many
                 Prisoners
                 as
                 they
                 could
                 ,
                 to
                 sacrifice
                 them
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 ,
                 as
                 Virgilius
                 tells
                 us
                 ;
                 and
                 Homerus
                 relates
                 how
                 Achilles
                 butcher'd
                 twelve
                 Trojans
                 to
                 Patroclus
                 his
                 dear
                 friend
                 .
                 Also
                 that
                 famous
                 Gladiator
                 Spartacus
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 so
                 industrious
                 and
                 daring
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 raise
                 an
                 Army
                 of
                 Slaves
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 march
                 against
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 did
                 force
                 300
                 of
                 his
                 Prisoners
                 of
                 War
                 to
                 kill
                 themselves
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 his
                 Captains
                 slain
                 in
                 the
                 Fight
                 ,
                 to
                 procure
                 
                 unto
                 them
                 the
                 favour
                 of
                 the
                 infernal
                 Gods.
                 This
                 cruel
                 Ceremouy
                 became
                 so
                 ordinary
                 amongst
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 that
                 scarce
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 Chieftains
                 of
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 did
                 die
                 ,
                 but
                 several
                 thousands
                 of
                 Gladiators
                 did
                 follow
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 there
                 were
                 several
                 Kinds
                 of
                 Sacrifices
                 amongst
                 the
                 Heathens
                 :
                 When
                 they
                 were
                 made
                 for
                 the
                 increase
                 of
                 the
                 Fruits
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 done
                 after
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 led
                 the
                 Victim
                 round
                 about
                 the
                 Fields
                 .
                 
                 These
                 Sacrifices
                 were
                 named
                 Ambarvalia
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Ambarvales
                   hostiae
                
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 offer
                 a
                 hundred
                 Beasts
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 ;
                 as
                 a
                 hundred
                 Oxen
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 was
                 called
                 Hecatomb
                 .
                 We
                 shall
                 not
                 insist
                 upon
                 the
                 different
                 kinds
                 of
                 Offerings
                 ,
                 but
                 proceed
                 to
                 the
                 principal
                 Ceremonies
                 that
                 were
                 commonly
                 observed
                 .
              
               
                 First
                 ,
                 a
                 choice
                 was
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 Animals
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 disposition
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 unto
                 whom
                 the
                 Sacrifice
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 offered
                 .
                 For
                 Mars
                 did
                 love
                 no
                 creatures
                 ,
                 but
                 only
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 furious
                 and
                 war-like
                 ;
                 as
                 the
                 Buck
                 which
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 to
                 be
                 sacrificed
                 to
                 
                   Jupiter
                   .
                   Neptunus
                
                 did
                 affect
                 the
                 Horse
                 and
                 the
                 Bull.
                 The
                 He-Goat
                 was
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Bacchus
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 creature
                 that
                 spoils
                 the
                 Vineyards
                 .
                 The
                 Cowes
                 were
                 killed
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Ceres
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Juno
                 .
                 The
                 She-Goats
                 were
                 offered
                 to
                 Diana
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 young
                 Kids
                 to
                 Faunus
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 They
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 very
                 careful
                 to
                 see
                 that
                 the
                 Victims
                 had
                 no
                 blemish
                 nor
                 spot
                 ,
                 therefore
                 
                 it
                 was
                 to
                 pass
                 through
                 a
                 Ceremony
                 called
                 Lustration
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 also
                 practised
                 with
                 them
                 who
                 were
                 present
                 at
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 .
                 If
                 they
                 had
                 any
                 natural
                 default
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 gone
                 .
                 The
                 Herald
                 gave
                 them
                 notice
                 ,
                 by
                 crying
                 
                 
                   Procul
                   este
                   Profani
                
                 ,
              
               
                 After
                 wards
                 the
                 Priest
                 did
                 take
                 a
                 lump
                 of
                 burnt
                 Corn
                 ,
                 bruised
                 with
                 Water
                 and
                 Salt
                 ,
                 named
                 
                   Salsae
                   sruges
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   mola
                   salsa
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   libum
                   adoreum
                
                 :
                 sometimes
                 he
                 did
                 take
                 Meal
                 mingled
                 with
                 Salt
                 ,
                 to
                 cast
                 it
                 upon
                 the
                 Victime
                 ,
                 for
                 without
                 this
                 ,
                 no
                 lawful
                 sacrifice
                 could
                 be
                 be
                 performed
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 last
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Beast
                 was
                 kill'd
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 laid
                 upon
                 the
                 Fire
                 ,
                 while
                 those
                 that
                 did
                 
                 offer
                 it
                 were
                 to
                 hold
                 their
                 hands
                 upon
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 Pray
                 with
                 the
                 Priest
                 ;
                 afterwards
                 Wine
                 was
                 poured
                 into
                 the
                 Fire
                 .
                 If
                 it
                 was
                 an
                 Holocauste
                 ,
                 all
                 was
                 consumed
                 by
                 the
                 Flames
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Beast
                 was
                 laid
                 aside
                 for
                 the
                 Priests
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 for
                 them
                 that
                 did
                 give
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 After
                 this
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 dance
                 round
                 about
                 the
                 Altar
                 ,
                 singing
                 Hymns
                 and
                 songs
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 the
                 God
                 unto
                 whom
                 the
                 sacrifice
                 was
                 made
                 .
                 In
                 these
                 Hymns
                 there
                 were
                 three
                 Stances
                 or
                 Parts
                 ;
                 The
                 first
                 called
                 Strophe
                 ,
                 was
                 sung
                 in
                 turning
                 from
                 the
                 East
                 to
                 the
                 West
                 :
                 The
                 other
                 named
                 Antistrophe
                 ,
                 in
                 returning
                 from
                 the
                 West
                 to
                 the
                 East
                 ;
                 then
                 they
                 did
                 stand
                 before
                 the
                 Altar
                 ,
                 and
                 sing
                 the
                 Epode
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 last
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 song
                 .
                 All
                 this
                 while
                 it
                 did
                 concern
                 the
                 Priest
                 to
                 
                 be
                 wonderfully
                 intent
                 about
                 his
                 business
                 .
                 The
                 Herald
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 forwarn
                 him
                 by
                 these
                 words
                 ,
                 
                   Age
                   quod
                   agis
                
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 did
                 the
                 People
                 in
                 the
                 beginning
                 ,
                 by
                 telling
                 them
                 
                   favete
                   linguis
                
                 ;
                 thereby
                 he
                 did
                 signify
                 unto
                 them
                 ,
                 how
                 every
                 one
                 was
                 to
                 hold
                 his
                 peace
                 .
              
               
                 
                 There
                 was
                 a
                 great
                 difference
                 in
                 the
                 order
                 and
                 manner
                 of
                 the
                 Ancient
                 Sacrifices
                 .
                 The
                 chief
                 was
                 between
                 the
                 Honours
                 offered
                 to
                 the
                 superior
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 between
                 those
                 that
                 were
                 paid
                 to
                 the
                 Infernal
                 ,
                 the
                 Maritime
                 and
                 Terrestrial
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 First
                 ,
                 The
                 superior
                 Gods
                 did
                 require
                 high
                 Altars
                 in
                 eminent
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Temples
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 upon
                 such
                 high
                 ground
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 without
                 any
                 impediment
                 receive
                 the
                 first
                 Rayes
                 of
                 the
                 Suns
                 rising
                 upon
                 our
                 Horizon
                 .
                 The
                 Priest
                 was
                 to
                 appear
                 in
                 a
                 Purple
                 or
                 a
                 white
                 Gown
                 ,
                 and
                 before
                 he
                 did
                 approach
                 the
                 Altar
                 ,
                 
                 he
                 was
                 to
                 wash
                 his
                 hands
                 in
                 pure
                 water
                 .
                 The
                 Heathens
                 did
                 fancy
                 that
                 this
                 washing
                 did
                 cleanse
                 at
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 the
                 Soul
                 from
                 its
                 defaults
                 ,
                 and
                 render
                 it
                 acceptable
                 to
                 the
                 Gods.
                 He
                 did
                 then
                 lead
                 the
                 Victime
                 to
                 the
                 Altar
                 with
                 Garlands
                 and
                 Ribbons
                 upon
                 his
                 own
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 beasts
                 head
                 ,
                 followed
                 by
                 a
                 crowd
                 of
                 people
                 .
                 The
                 Purveyer
                 of
                 Wood
                 had
                 a
                 care
                 to
                 provide
                 such
                 as
                 was
                 acceptable
                 to
                 the
                 Divinity
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 the
                 custom
                 ,
                 when
                 Sacrifices
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 offered
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 to
                 offer
                 some
                 preparatory
                 things
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Praecidaneae
                   hostiae
                
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Doemones
                 or
                 Angels
                 ,
                 
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 intercede
                 and
                 convey
                 the
                 Prayers
                 safe
                 up
                 into
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 God
                 :
                 If
                 they
                 did
                 not
                 seem
                 happy
                 by
                 some
                 unluckie
                 Sign
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 then
                 offer
                 others
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 called
                 
                   Succidaneae
                   hostiae
                
                 .
                 The
                 Victime
                 that
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 offered
                 ,
                 was
                 to
                 remain
                 near
                 the
                 Altar
                 a
                 little
                 space
                 of
                 time
                 ,
                 during
                 which
                 the
                 Priest
                 did
                 offer
                 a
                 set
                 form
                 of
                 Prayer
                 to
                 Janus
                 and
                 
                   Vesta
                   ▪
                
                 then
                 he
                 did
                 mark
                 the
                 Beast
                 with
                 his
                 Knife
                 from
                 the
                 Head
                 to
                 the
                 Tail
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 it
                 did
                 appear
                 unruly
                 ,
                 and
                 unwilling
                 to
                 stay
                 there
                 longer
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 imagine
                 that
                 God
                 would
                 have
                 none
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 therefore
                 they
                 did
                 fetch
                 another
                 .
                 
                 After
                 these
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 frivolous
                 Ceremonies
                 ,
                 the
                 Priest
                 did
                 lay
                 upon
                 his
                 Head
                 and
                 Back
                 his
                 
                   mola
                   salsa
                
                 mingled
                 with
                 Frankincense
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 himself
                 taste
                 of
                 a
                 cup
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 causing
                 the
                 
                 Assistants
                 to
                 do
                 the
                 like
                 .
                 The
                 remainder
                 he
                 did
                 pour
                 between
                 the
                 Horns
                 of
                 the
                 Beast
                 ,
                 taking
                 from
                 that
                 place
                 a
                 few
                 hairs
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 did
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 Fire
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Prima
                   libamina
                
                 .
                 The
                 Priest
                 did
                 then
                 command
                 an
                 Officer
                 to
                 kill
                 the
                 Beast
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 did
                 by
                 striking
                 him
                 
                 down
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 cutting
                 his
                 throat
                 ,
                 The
                 Assistants
                 did
                 then
                 help
                 to
                 flea
                 him
                 ,
                 light
                 the
                 wood
                 ,
                 and
                 do
                 other
                 inferior
                 offices
                 ,
                 while
                 the
                 Priest
                 or
                 Soothsayer
                 with
                 a
                 long
                 knife
                 did
                 turn
                 the
                 Bowels
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 ,
                 to
                 observe
                 them
                 better
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 tell
                 his
                 judgement
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 to
                 handle
                 the
                 Bowels
                 with
                 the
                 hands
                 :
                 After
                 this
                 the
                 Priest
                 did
                 cast
                 some
                 Frankincense
                 in
                 the
                 Fire
                 with
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 take
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 every
                 member
                 which
                 his
                 Ministers
                 had
                 cut
                 out
                 in
                 
                 a
                 Platter
                 called
                 Discus
                 ,
                 or
                 Lanx
                 ,
                 to
                 cast
                 it
                 into
                 
                 the
                 Flames
                 .
                 This
                 action
                 was
                 named
                 Litare
                 ,
                 to
                 appease
                 or
                 satisfy
                 with
                 Sacrifices
                 .
                 Whiles
                 ,
                 this
                 was
                 a
                 burning
                 ,
                 the
                 Priest
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Person
                 that
                 did
                 give
                 the
                 Victime
                 did
                 jointly
                 make
                 their
                 Prayers
                 to
                 the
                 God
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 hands
                 upon
                 the
                 Altar
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 they
                 did
                 go
                 aside
                 with
                 the
                 Assistants
                 ,
                 to
                 Feast
                 upon
                 the
                 remaining
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Beast
                 ,
                 singing
                 the
                 Praises
                 of
                 their
                 God.
                 After
                 the
                 Banquet
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 return
                 to
                 the
                 Altar
                 ,
                 and
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 flames
                 the
                 morsels
                 of
                 me
                 at
                 
                 that
                 were
                 left
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 tongue
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 did
                 return
                 thanks
                 to
                 the
                 God
                 for
                 the
                 Honour
                 and
                 advantage
                 of
                 sharing
                 with
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 Victime
                 offered
                 to
                 him
                 .
                 The
                 solemnity
                 was
                 concluded
                 at
                 Rome
                 with
                 Prayers
                 to
                 Janus
                 and
                 Vesta
                 ,
                 the
                 Gods
                 unto
                 whose
                 protection
                 the
                 Empire
                 was
                 chiefly
                 recommended
                 .
              
               
                 
                 These
                 Sacrifices
                 were
                 performed
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 ,
                 in
                 honour
                 to
                 the
                 Superior
                 Gods
                 ,
                 un
                 to
                 whom
                 they
                 did
                 pray
                 standing
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 did
                 to
                 the
                 Infernal
                 sitting
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Gods
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 did
                 require
                 some
                 alteration
                 in
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 adore
                 them
                 with
                 musical
                 Instruments
                 ,
                 and
                 melodious
                 Songs
                 ,
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 former
                 .
                 The
                 Maritime
                 Gods
                 were
                 worshipped
                 near
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 blood
                 of
                 the
                 Victime
                 was
                 reserved
                 in
                 a
                 Platter
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 poured
                 forth
                 into
                 the
                 salt
                 water
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 not
                 practised
                 in
                 the
                 Offerings
                 of
                 the
                 superior
                 Gods.
                 Vnto
                 the
                 Infernal
                 Divinities
                 Sacrifices
                 were
                 performed
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 ;
                 their
                 Beasts
                 were
                 black
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 were
                 offered
                 to
                 
                 them
                 in
                 some
                 Cave
                 or
                 dark
                 place
                 ,
                 unless
                 it
                 be
                 
                 to
                 Pluto
                 ,
                 whose
                 Sacrifices
                 did
                 differ
                 from
                 the
                 Celestial
                 only
                 in
                 this
                 ;
                 that
                 instead
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 pour
                 Oyl
                 in
                 the
                 Fire
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Priest
                 was
                 cloathed
                 in
                 black
                 .
                 Virgil
                 takes
                 notice
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 do
                 many
                 of
                 the
                 Greek
                 Poets
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Gods
                 did
                 delight
                 in
                 the
                 number
                 Three
                 ;
                 therefore
                 they
                 did
                 three
                 times
                 drink
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 walk
                 round
                 the
                 Altar
                 thrice
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Vnto
                 the
                 Nymphs
                 and
                 Divinities
                 of
                 the
                 Fields
                 ,
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 usually
                 offer
                 Milk
                 ,
                 Honey
                 ,
                 and
                 sweet
                 Wine
                 in
                 their
                 Sacrifices
                 :
                 And
                 to
                 the
                 Male
                 Gods
                 they
                 did
                 usually
                 kill
                 male
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Females
                 to
                 the
                 Goddesses
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 are
                 the
                 Vessels
                 used
                 in
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 proper
                 names
                 that
                 are
                 found
                 in
                 the
                 Authors
                 for
                 things
                 with
                 which
                 we
                 are
                 not
                 acquainted
                 .
              
               
                 Thuribulum
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 long
                 Pot
                 like
                 unto
                 a
                 Pitcher
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 Frankincense
                 was
                 burned
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Praefericulum
                 ,
                 a
                 Vessel
                 of
                 Brafs
                 not
                 much
                 unlike
                 the
                 former
                 .
              
               
                 Sympulum
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 little
                 Cup
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 drink
                 in
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 .
              
               
                 Capis
                 and
                 Capula
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Cup
                 with
                 Ears
                 .
              
               
                 Candelabrum
                 ,
                 a
                 Candlestick
                 .
              
               
                 Patera
                 ,
                 an
                 open
                 Dish
                 or
                 Platter
                 .
              
               
                 Secespita
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 large
                 chopping
                 knife
                 wit●
                 a
                 long
                 handle
                 ,
                 to
                 cut
                 off
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Beasts
                 .
              
               
                 Dolabra
                 ,
                 was
                 another
                 cutting
                 Instrument
                 .
              
               
                 Enclabria
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 Vessels
                 of
                 Brass
                 put
                 uppon
                 the
                 Tables
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
               
                 Aspersorium
                 ,
                 a
                 Vessel
                 with
                 small
                 holes
                 to
                 sprinkle
                 the
                 Holy-water
                 .
              
               
                 Aquiminarium
                 ,
                 or
                 Amula
                 ,
                 a
                 Vessel
                 proper
                 to
                 keep
                 Holy-water
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 IV.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Priests
                 of
                 the
                 false
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 Heathens
                 had
                 always
                 Priests
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 certain
                 Persons
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 service
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 to
                 render
                 their
                 Sacrifices
                 and
                 Religion
                 more
                 stately
                 :
                 These
                 had
                 the
                 overfight
                 of
                 the
                 things
                 offered
                 to
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 care
                 to
                 keep
                 the
                 Holy
                 Vessels
                 and
                 Instruments
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Curetes
                 or
                 Corybantes
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 also
                 called
                 the
                 Gauls
                 of
                 Phrygia
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 Priests
                 of
                 Cybele
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 said
                 in
                 the
                 2.
                 
                 Chap.
                 of
                 the
                 1.
                 
                 Book
                 .
                 Vesta
                 had
                 her
                 Vestal
                 Virgins
                 established
                 at
                 Rome
                 by
                 
                   Numa
                   Pompilius
                
                 ,
                 who
                 gave
                 unto
                 them
                 their
                 manner
                 of
                 living
                 ,
                 their
                 Laws
                 ,
                 and
                 commanded
                 them
                 to
                 keep
                 always
                 burning
                 a
                 Fire
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 to
                 this
                 Goddess
                 ;
                 For
                 as
                 Florus
                 takes
                 notice
                 ,
                 He
                 appointed
                 this
                 Holy
                 Fire
                 to
                 keep
                 a
                 continual
                 Watch
                 and
                 Guard
                 for
                 the
                 safety
                 and
                 defence
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 as
                 God
                 had
                 the
                 Stars
                 that
                 shine
                 in
                 the
                 Firmament
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 of
                 the
                 World.
                 
              
               
               
                 
                 There
                 was
                 another
                 sort
                 of
                 Priests
                 called
                 Lupercales
                 ,
                 instituted
                 by
                 Evander
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Pan
                 ;
                 and
                 Romulus
                 chose
                 the
                 children
                 of
                 
                   Acca
                   Laurentia
                
                 ,
                 to
                 offer
                 Sacrifices
                 for
                 the
                 happy
                 increase
                 of
                 the
                 Fruits
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 :
                 Unto
                 them
                 therefore
                 and
                 their
                 Successors
                 ,
                 named
                 
                   Fratres
                   Arvales
                
                 ,
                 the
                 people
                 did
                 make
                 their
                 addresses
                 on
                 such
                 occasions
                 .
                 
                   Numa
                   Pompilius
                
                 established
                 in
                 Rome
                 many
                 sorts
                 of
                 Priests
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 more
                 splendor
                 and
                 credit
                 to
                 Religion
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 worship
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 The
                 
                 Priests
                 of
                 Mars
                 were
                 the
                 Salij
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 did
                 perform
                 their
                 Devotions
                 always
                 in
                 skipping
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 intrusted
                 with
                 that
                 little
                 Buckler
                 named
                 Ancile
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 sent
                 from
                 Heaven
                 as
                 a
                 Token
                 ,
                 to
                 confirm
                 unto
                 them
                 the
                 Empire
                 of
                 the
                 World.
                 While
                 that
                 was
                 safe
                 ,
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 was
                 to
                 suffer
                 no
                 harm
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 continue
                 in
                 prosperity
                 .
              
               
                 Not
                 to
                 trouble
                 the
                 Reader
                 with
                 all
                 the
                 distinctions
                 and
                 several
                 kinds
                 of
                 Priests
                 ,
                 we
                 must
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Kings
                 did
                 exercise
                 the
                 office
                 of
                 Priest
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 appear
                 more
                 Honorable
                 ;
                 And
                 in
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 there
                 was
                 an
                 action
                 proper
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 perform
                 .
                 Therefore
                 Numa
                 fearing
                 that
                 in
                 Process
                 of
                 time
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Kings
                 might
                 come
                 to
                 neglect
                 it
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 weighty
                 Affairs
                 of
                 War
                 that
                 might
                 otherwise
                 imploy
                 them
                 ,
                 he
                 established
                 to
                 every
                 God
                 one
                 to
                 supply
                 the
                 
                 Kings
                 place
                 ,
                 named
                 Flamen
                 from
                 Filamen
                 a
                 woolen
                 thread
                 that
                 was
                 usually
                 tyed
                 about
                 their
                 Temples
                 .
                 These
                 Flamines
                 did
                 bear
                 
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 their
                 several
                 Gods
                 unto
                 whom
                 they
                 were
                 consecrated
                 :
                 
                 Jupiter's
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Flamen
                   Dialis
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 
                   Mars
                   ,
                   Flamen
                   Matialis
                
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Flamen
                 of
                 Jupiter
                 was
                 the
                 most
                 honourable
                 ;
                 therefore
                 he
                 was
                 admitted
                 to
                 wear
                 a
                 white
                 Hat
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 purple
                 Gown
                 ,
                 called
                 Trabea
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 cloathing
                 only
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 Kings
                 ,
                 and
                 Augures
                 ,
                 or
                 Soothsayers
                 in
                 performing
                 their
                 Office.
                 
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Kings
                 were
                 banished
                 out
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Priestly
                 order
                 had
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 King
                 while
                 he
                 was
                 doing
                 his
                 Function
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 People
                 might
                 not
                 fancy
                 that
                 there
                 was
                 something
                 wanting
                 amongst
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 worship
                 of
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 therefore
                 they
                 did
                 acknowledge
                 a
                 Royalty
                 in
                 their
                 Sacrifices
                 ,
                 but
                 none
                 in
                 the
                 Government
                 of
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Rome
                 Priests
                 were
                 establisht
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 to
                 serve
                 in
                 the
                 Temples
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 Altars
                 :
                 Some
                 of
                 them
                 were
                 appointed
                 for
                 publick
                 Affairs
                 of
                 State
                 ▪
                 As
                 the
                 Feciales
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 to
                 assist
                 in
                 the
                 treaties
                 of
                 Peace
                 made
                 with
                 forreign
                 Nations
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 to
                 conclude
                 any
                 business
                 of
                 Peace
                 or
                 War
                 ,
                 until
                 they
                 had
                 pronounced
                 it
                 just
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 War
                 was
                 intended
                 against
                 any
                 Nation
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 these
                 Priests
                 called
                 
                   Pater
                   Patratus
                
                 ,
                 was
                 sent
                 to
                 declare
                 it
                 .
                 And
                 when
                 the
                 Articles
                 of
                 Peace
                 were
                 concluded
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 appear
                 before
                 an
                 Altar
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Hog
                 at
                 his
                 Feet
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 did
                 knock
                 down
                 ,
                 desiring
                 
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 who
                 did
                 break
                 the
                 Treaty
                 by
                 any
                 hostility
                 might
                 perish
                 miserably
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 Hog
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 were
                 also
                 in
                 Rome
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Soothsayers
                 ,
                 whose
                 Office
                 was
                 to
                 foretell
                 the
                 things
                 to
                 come
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 enquire
                 into
                 the
                 will
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 when
                 any
                 business
                 of
                 importance
                 was
                 in
                 consultation
                 .
                 Some
                 of
                 them
                 named
                 Haruspices
                 ,
                 did
                 draw
                 their
                 conjectures
                 from
                 the
                 sight
                 of
                 the
                 Entrails
                 of
                 the
                 Victims
                 offered
                 to
                 the
                 Gods.
                 The
                 Augures
                 did
                 Prophesie
                 by
                 the
                 flying
                 and
                 motion
                 of
                 the
                 Birds
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 .
                 The
                 Soothsayer
                 did
                 ascend
                 upon
                 some
                 eminent
                 place
                 with
                 the
                 Augural
                 Robe
                 upon
                 his
                 back
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 his
                 hand
                 a
                 crooked
                 staff
                 called
                 Lituus
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 he
                 did
                 limit
                 a
                 certain
                 space
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 named
                 Templum
                 ;
                 the
                 Birds
                 that
                 did
                 fly
                 within
                 this
                 space
                 ,
                 did
                 intimate
                 the
                 things
                 desired
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 were
                 called
                 Praepetes
                 :
                 but
                 the
                 other
                 Birds
                 that
                 were
                 consulted
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 sing
                 ,
                 were
                 named
                 Oscines
                 .
              
               
                 
                 It
                 was
                 also
                 the
                 custom
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 to
                 Divine
                 by
                 little
                 Chickens
                 while
                 they
                 were
                 feeding
                 ;
                 if
                 they
                 did
                 greedily
                 devour
                 their
                 meat
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 that
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 did
                 fall
                 again
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 esteem
                 it
                 a
                 most
                 happy
                 sign
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 called
                 Terripavium
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Tripudium
                   solistimum
                
                 ,
                 because
                 when
                 the
                 meat
                 did
                 fall
                 back
                 again
                 ,
                 it
                 did
                 strike
                 the
                 ground
                 :
                 if
                 these
                 Pullets
                 did
                 eat
                 nothing
                 ,
                 or
                 but
                 slowly
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 interpret
                 it
                 for
                 a
                 dangerous
                 sign
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 that
                 which
                 did
                 cause
                 
                 the
                 Roman
                 Armies
                 to
                 March
                 or
                 stay
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 did
                 govern
                 the
                 Empire
                 ;
                 for
                 it
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 to
                 resolve
                 upon
                 any
                 business
                 of
                 importance
                 until
                 these
                 Oracles
                 had
                 been
                 consulted
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 
                   Numa
                   Pompilius
                
                 established
                 above
                 all
                 these
                 Orders
                 of
                 Priests
                 ,
                 a
                 Society
                 or
                 Colledge
                 of
                 Eight
                 Pontifs
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Chief
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 Supreme
                 ;
                 His
                 office
                 was
                 to
                 regulate
                 all
                 the
                 Ceremonies
                 that
                 did
                 belong
                 to
                 the
                 Worship
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 :
                 He
                 had
                 in
                 his
                 custody
                 the
                 Books
                 of
                 
                   Sybilla
                   Cumana
                
                 ;
                 She
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 Virgins
                 who
                 did
                 shew
                 an
                 innocent
                 life
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 corruption
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 .
                 They
                 being
                 all
                 inspired
                 from
                 
                 Heaven
                 ,
                 did
                 foretel
                 many
                 of
                 those
                 things
                 that
                 relate
                 unto
                 Jesus
                 Christ
                 ,
                 and
                 unto
                 the
                 chief
                 Mysteries
                 of
                 his
                 Life
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 Heathens
                 did
                 shut
                 their
                 eyes
                 to
                 these
                 Truths
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 never
                 came
                 to
                 understand
                 these
                 Predictions
                 till
                 the
                 preaching
                 of
                 the
                 Apostles
                 when
                 they
                 left
                 Idolatry
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 Discourse
                 of
                 the
                 Priestly
                 Orders
                 ,
                 we
                 have
                 only
                 mentioned
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 proper
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 were
                 in
                 greatest
                 credit
                 .
                 Amongst
                 the
                 Greeks
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Nations
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 some
                 that
                 did
                 the
                 same
                 Offices
                 .
                 
                   Diodorus
                   ,
                   Siculus
                   ,
                   Julius
                   Cesar
                
                 in
                 his
                 Commentaries
                 ,
                 
                   Strabo
                   ,
                   Berosus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 ,
                 do
                 mention
                 sufficiently
                 the
                 Druids
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 an
                 inspection
                 into
                 all
                 that
                 relate
                 to
                 the
                 Worship
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 amongst
                 the
                 Gauls
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 so
                 
                 cruel
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 ordinarily
                 murder
                 Men
                 upon
                 the
                 Altars
                 of
                 their
                 Gods.
                 At
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 their
                 custom
                 was
                 ,
                 to
                 go
                 with
                 great
                 Reverence
                 ,
                 and
                 gather
                 branches
                 and
                 leaves
                 of
                 Oak
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 Present
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 inviting
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 to
                 the
                 Ceremony
                 by
                 these
                 words
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 caused
                 to
                 be
                 proclaim'd
                 ;
                 
                   Come
                   to
                   the
                   Oak
                   branches
                   .
                   The
                   new
                   year
                   .
                
              
               
                 These
                 Druids
                 had
                 the
                 Tutoring
                 of
                 the
                 young
                 Children
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 commonly
                 remain
                 under
                 their
                 discipline
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 their
                 keeping
                 about
                 twenty
                 years
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 teach
                 them
                 many
                 Verses
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 learn
                 by
                 heart
                 without
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 any
                 writing
                 .
                 Those
                 who
                 had
                 not
                 been
                 instructed
                 by
                 these
                 Druids
                 ,
                 were
                 not
                 esteemed
                 sufficiently
                 qualifyed
                 to
                 manage
                 the
                 Affairs
                 of
                 State.
                 In
                 their
                 General
                 Assemblies
                 ,
                 they
                 practised
                 that
                 which
                 Pliny
                 relates
                 of
                 the
                 Storks
                 ,
                 who
                 usually
                 tear
                 in
                 pieces
                 the
                 last
                 that
                 comes
                 to
                 their
                 Meeting
                 ,
                 to
                 oblige
                 the
                 rest
                 to
                 be
                 more
                 diligent
                 .
                 This
                 Spirit
                 of
                 cruelty
                 ,
                 natural
                 to
                 the
                 Devils
                 of
                 Hell
                 ,
                 did
                 appear
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 of
                 these
                 Men
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 in
                 their
                 Schools
                 ;
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 reported
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 their
                 Doctors
                 ,
                 named
                 Herophilus
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 did
                 teach
                 Anatomy
                 in
                 his
                 life
                 ,
                 over
                 the
                 bodies
                 of
                 seven
                 hundred
                 living
                 Men
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 opened
                 ,
                 only
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 secrets
                 and
                 wonders
                 of
                 Nature
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 The
                 Superstitions
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 were
                 invented
                 at
                 several
                 times
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 many
                 persons
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 probable
                 ,
                 that
                 Javan
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Japhet
                 ,
                 did
                 establish
                 a
                 Religion
                 in
                 Graecia
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 fixed
                 ;
                 but
                 I
                 cannot
                 imagine
                 how
                 Noah
                 ,
                 unto
                 whom
                 some
                 do
                 attribute
                 the
                 names
                 of
                 
                   Janus
                   ,
                   Saturnus
                   ,
                   Gallus
                   ,
                   Vertumnus
                   ,
                   Oenetrius
                   ,
                
                 &c.
                 should
                 leave
                 his
                 Vineyards
                 and
                 Plantations
                 in
                 Asia
                 ,
                 to
                 seek
                 others
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 unless
                 he
                 had
                 been
                 forced
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 Habitation
                 by
                 his
                 Sons
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 not
                 likely
                 ;
                 Therefore
                 as
                 Javan
                 first
                 planted
                 in
                 Graecia
                 ,
                 and
                 established
                 Religion
                 there
                 ,
                 we
                 must
                 imagine
                 after
                 the
                 confusion
                 of
                 Babel
                 ,
                 some
                 did
                 settle
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 appoint
                 the
                 Worship
                 of
                 the
                 true
                 God
                 ,
                 for
                 several
                 antient
                 writers
                 do
                 assure
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 first
                 Men
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 had
                 neither
                 Images
                 nor
                 Statues
                 ,
                 nor
                 any
                 visible
                 representation
                 to
                 adore
                 :
                 In
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 likely
                 Religion
                 was
                 neglected
                 in
                 Italy
                 by
                 the
                 Parents
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 rather
                 mind
                 their
                 worldly
                 affairs
                 ,
                 than
                 the
                 eternal
                 concern
                 of
                 their
                 Childrens
                 Souls
                 :
                 when
                 the
                 Countrey
                 was
                 peopled
                 with
                 Inhabitants
                 ,
                 Saturnus
                 arrived
                 out
                 of
                 Crete
                 ,
                 and
                 taught
                 the
                 People
                 a
                 Religion
                 suitable
                 to
                 the
                 weakness
                 of
                 their
                 Capacities
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 ignorance
                 in
                 which
                 he
                 found
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 Posterity
                 of
                 Ham
                 that
                 planted
                 in
                 Egypt
                 and
                 Africa
                 first
                 brought
                 in
                 the
                 corruptions
                 of
                 Idolatry
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 may
                 read
                 
                 in
                 Herodotus
                 ;
                 from
                 thence
                 the
                 ignorant
                 Phoenicians
                 borrowed
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 recommended
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 Greeks
                 ,
                 who
                 taught
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 they
                 spread
                 by
                 degrees
                 all
                 over
                 the
                 world
                 .
                 
                 Evander
                 is
                 said
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 first
                 who
                 established
                 
                 a
                 Priestly
                 Order
                 in
                 Italy
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 Aeneas
                 ,
                 
                 Romulus
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Numa
                   Pompilius
                
                 did
                 increase
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 Religious
                 men
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 whom
                 they
                 did
                 worship
                 .
                 When
                 Rome
                 was
                 in
                 its
                 Zenith
                 of
                 Glory
                 and
                 Power
                 ,
                 these
                 were
                 the
                 Names
                 and
                 Offices
                 of
                 their
                 Priests
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 mention
                 the
                 Corybantes
                 ,
                 the
                 Lupercales
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Vestal
                   Virgins
                
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 named
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Petitij
                   &
                   Pinarij
                
                 were
                 the
                 Priests
                 of
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 of
                 two
                 old
                 men
                 called
                 Petitius
                 
                 and
                 Pinarius
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 the
                 first
                 who
                 entred
                 into
                 the
                 Office.
                 
              
               
                 
                   Titij
                   ,
                   Sodales
                
                 ,
                 were
                 Priests
                 of
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 as
                 Farnabius
                 upon
                 Lucan
                 imagines
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 
                 properly
                 Soothsayers
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 foretel
                 from
                 the
                 motion
                 of
                 certain
                 Birds
                 the
                 events
                 of
                 the
                 time
                 to
                 come
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 
                   Tacit.
                   Annal.
                   lib.
                   1.
                
                 
              
               
                 There
                 were
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Flamines
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 was
                 that
                 of
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 called
                 Dialis
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 many
                 extraordinary
                 priviledges
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 great
                 power
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 next
                 was
                 
                   Flamen
                   Martialis
                
                 ,
                 of
                 Mars
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Senators
                 ,
                 
                 as
                 Volcanalis
                 was
                 of
                 a
                 Plebeian
                 race
                 .
                 Every
                 God
                 had
                 a
                 Flamen
                 or
                 Chief
                 Priest
                 ,
                 in
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 ae
                 Salij
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 Priests
                 of
                 Mars
                 ;
                 their
                 Governour
                 was
                 named
                 
                   Magister
                   Saliorum
                
                 .
              
               
                 *
                 Duumviri
                 and
                 Decemviri
                 ,
                 were
                 those
                 that
                 did
                 keep
                 the
                 Books
                 of
                 
                   Sybilla
                   Cumana
                
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 Chest
                 
                 of
                 Stone
                 in
                 the
                 Capitol
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 burnt
                 with
                 the
                 Temple
                 .
                 These
                 Men
                 were
                 continued
                 ,
                 and
                 increased
                 to
                 fifteen
                 ;
                 therefore
                 they
                 were
                 called
                 Quindecemviri
                 .
                 It
                 did
                 belong
                 to
                 their
                 Office
                 to
                 oelebrate
                 the
                 Secular
                 Solemnities
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Epulones
                 ,
                 Were
                 the
                 Overseers
                 of
                 all
                 sacred
                 Banquets
                 ,
                 appointed
                 by
                 the
                 Pontifices
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Camilli
                   &
                   Camillae
                
                 ,
                 were
                 under
                 Officers
                 in
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 .
              
               
                 Aeditumus
                 ,
                 or
                 Aedituus
                 ,
                 is
                 He
                 that
                 kept
                 the
                 Temples
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Keys
                 in
                 his
                 possession
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Popae
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 under
                 Officers
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 tie
                 the
                 Beasts
                 in
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 called
                 also
                 Victimarij
                 .
              
               
                 Praeficae
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 Women
                 that
                 were
                 hired
                 to
                 weep
                 for
                 the
                 dead
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Vespa
                 and
                 Vespillo
                 ,
                 was
                 he
                 that
                 did
                 place
                 the
                 Vrns
                 or
                 Ashes
                 of
                 the
                 dead
                 in
                 the
                 ground
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Pater
                   Patratus
                
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 the
                 Feciales
                 ,
                 did
                 declare
                 the
                 War
                 ,
                 by
                 casting
                 upon
                 the
                 Land
                 of
                 the
                 Enemy
                 a
                 Lance
                 bloody
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 ;
                 Therefore
                 
                   Ovid
                   ▪
                   lib.
                   6.
                   
                   Fast
                   .
                
              
               
                 Hinc
                 solet
                 hasta
                 manu
                 belli
                 praenuncia
                 mitti
              
               
                 In
                 Regem
                 ,
                 &
                 Gentes
                 ,
                 cum
                 placet
                 arma
                 capi
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Colledge
                 of
                 Chief
                 Priests
                 was
                 over
                 all
                 the
                 rest
                 .
                 Their
                 
                   Pontifex
                   maximus
                
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 of
                 their
                 Order
                 was
                 created
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 then
                 this
                 Title
                 was
                 annexed
                 to
                 the
                 Chief
                 Magistracy
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Emperors
                 became
                 Christians
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 called
                 
                 
                   Pontifices
                   maximi
                
                 ,
                 nntil
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Gratianus
                 ,
                 
                 as
                 Zofimus
                 informs
                 us
                 .
                 This
                 Order
                 was
                 not
                 subject
                 to
                 any
                 Magistrate
                 ;
                 they
                 did
                 command
                 over
                 all
                 the
                 Priests
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 appoint
                 the
                 Ceremonies
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 worship
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Books
                 of
                 the
                 Sybils
                 so
                 often
                 mentioned
                 in
                 the
                 Authors
                 ,
                 were
                 Three
                 ,
                 She
                 was
                 a
                 Prophetess
                 who
                 dwelt
                 in
                 a
                 Cave
                 near
                 Cumes
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 far
                 from
                 all
                 acquaintance
                 and
                 society
                 of
                 Men.
                 When
                 she
                 had
                 composed
                 nine
                 Books
                 of
                 
                 the
                 time
                 to
                 come
                 ,
                 she
                 brought
                 them
                 to
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Priscus
                
                 to
                 be
                 sold
                 ,
                 and
                 asks
                 about
                 three
                 hundred
                 pounds
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 refused
                 to
                 give
                 ,
                 she
                 burnt
                 three
                 of
                 the
                 Books
                 ,
                 and
                 required
                 yet
                 the
                 same
                 price
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 King
                 would
                 not
                 disburse
                 so
                 much
                 ,
                 she
                 went
                 away
                 ,
                 and
                 burnt
                 three
                 more
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 returned
                 to
                 demand
                 the
                 same
                 rate
                 for
                 her
                 Books
                 ,
                 which
                 when
                 the
                 King
                 had
                 well
                 considered
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 advice
                 of
                 his
                 Soothsayers
                 ,
                 be
                 gave
                 her
                 the
                 money
                 .
                 In
                 all
                 difficult
                 occasions
                 these
                 Books
                 were
                 examined
                 by
                 the
                 order
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 .
                 We
                 have
                 yet
                 some
                 fragments
                 of
                 this
                 Sybil
                 gathered
                 out
                 of
                 several
                 writers
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 nine
                 or
                 ten
                 Sybils
                 in
                 all
                 ;
                 They
                 did
                 Prophesy
                 concerning
                 Christ
                 so
                 plainly
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 have
                 cause
                 to
                 suspect
                 the
                 Greek
                 Verses
                 that
                 bear
                 their
                 name
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 written
                 after
                 our
                 Saviours
                 Death
                 .
                 There
                 have
                 been
                 
                   Sybilla
                   Persica
                   ,
                   Lybica
                
                 mentioned
                 by
                 
                   Euripid.
                   Delphica
                   ,
                   Cumana
                   ,
                   Erythraea
                   ,
                   Samia
                   ,
                   Tyburtina
                   ,
                   Hellespontica
                   ,
                   Phrygia
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Cumaea
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 CHAP.
                 V.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Festival
                 dayes
                 that
                 were
                 appointed
                 in
                 Honour
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 Festival
                 Solemnities
                 of
                 the
                 Heathens
                 were
                 suitable
                 to
                 their
                 belief
                 and
                 fancy
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Ceremonies
                 that
                 they
                 used
                 ,
                 were
                 nothing
                 but
                 expressions
                 of
                 things
                 proper
                 to
                 the
                 Divinity
                 whose
                 Festivals
                 they
                 did
                 keep
                 .
                 As
                 we
                 have
                 already
                 taken
                 notice
                 ,
                 when
                 we
                 have
                 spoken
                 of
                 Cybele
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Bacchus
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Festival
                 of
                 Ceres
                 ,
                 her
                 Worshippers
                 did
                 run
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 with
                 lighted
                 Torches
                 in
                 their
                 hands
                 ,
                 because
                 that
                 she
                 did
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 run
                 about
                 the
                 world
                 after
                 her
                 Daughter
                 Proserpina
                 to
                 seek
                 her
                 out
                 ▪
                 The
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 Eleusis
                 in
                 Greece
                 ,
                 appointed
                 this
                 Ceremony
                 that
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 acted
                 only
                 by
                 Women
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 in
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Ceres
                 commit
                 a
                 thousand
                 shameful
                 pranks
                 ▪
                 And
                 because
                 Ceres
                 did
                 not
                 reveal
                 her
                 secrets
                 ,
                 nor
                 discover
                 her
                 design
                 ,
                 until
                 she
                 had
                 heard
                 of
                 her
                 Daughters
                 welfare
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 to
                 declare
                 what
                 was
                 acted
                 in
                 her
                 Temple
                 during
                 the
                 Festival
                 .
                 We
                 cannot
                 without
                 blushing
                 speak
                 of
                 the
                 liberty
                 that
                 the
                 Roman
                 Dames
                 did
                 take
                 in
                 the
                 Festivals
                 of
                 Venus
                 and
                 Priapus
                 .
                 In
                 some
                 places
                 on
                 the
                 
                 dayes
                 consecrated
                 to
                 Pallas
                 the
                 Goddess
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 the
                 Damsels
                 were
                 commanded
                 to
                 meet
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 fight
                 one
                 against
                 another
                 ,
                 until
                 some
                 did
                 fall
                 dead
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 .
                 At
                 Rome
                 in
                 the
                 Festival
                 of
                 the
                 Lupercals
                 ,
                 the
                 Priests
                 did
                 run
                 naked
                 about
                 the
                 streets
                 with
                 Goat
                 skins
                 in
                 their
                 hands
                 ,
                 because
                 heretofore
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 happily
                 recover
                 their
                 Beasts
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 run
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 after
                 them
                 who
                 had
                 driven
                 them
                 away
                 ,
                 whiles
                 they
                 were
                 sacrificing
                 to
                 the
                 God
                 Pan
                 ,
                 whose
                 Priests
                 were
                 named
                 Luperci
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 place
                 
                 where
                 his
                 Altars
                 were
                 erected
                 ,
                 called
                 Lupercal
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Saturnalia
                 ,
                 were
                 Festival
                 dayes
                 instituted
                 at
                 Rome
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Saturn
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 month
                 of
                 December
                 ;
                 while
                 they
                 lasted
                 ,
                 the
                 People
                 did
                 send
                 gifts
                 to
                 their
                 friends
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Slaves
                 did
                 Lord
                 it
                 over
                 their
                 Masters
                 ,
                 and
                 commit
                 many
                 extravigancies
                 and
                 disorders
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Greeks
                 were
                 mightily
                 addicted
                 to
                 the
                 observance
                 of
                 these
                 Festival
                 dayes
                 ;
                 as
                 the
                 Athenians
                 in
                 keeping
                 their
                 Panathenea
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 appointed
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Minerva
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 consecrate
                 their
                 greatest
                 solemnities
                 to
                 the
                 God
                 Apis
                 ,
                 or
                 Serapis
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 an
                 Oxe
                 ,
                 bearing
                 upon
                 his
                 hide
                 some
                 particular
                 marks
                 :
                 He
                 was
                 to
                 live
                 a
                 certain
                 number
                 ofyears
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 the
                 Priests
                 did
                 drown
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 Nilus
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 Land
                 did
                 mourn
                 and
                 lament
                 for
                 his
                 death
                 ,
                 until
                 another
                 was
                 found
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 
                 marks
                 upon
                 him
                 ,
                 which
                 caused
                 an
                 universal
                 rejoycing
                 all
                 over
                 the
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 exprest
                 by
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Sports
                 and
                 Banquets
                 .
              
               
                 Thus
                 the
                 other
                 Nations
                 did
                 dedicate
                 Festivals
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 proper
                 to
                 certain
                 places
                 ,
                 called
                 Indigetes
                 ;
                 as
                 also
                 to
                 their
                 Domestick
                 Divinities
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 those
                 illustrious
                 Men
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 enrolled
                 among
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 their
                 Gods.
                 These
                 last
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 consecrated
                 by
                 an
                 Apotheosis
                 ,
                 were
                 also
                 named
                 
                   Indigetes
                   dij
                
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 were
                 freed
                 from
                 all
                 want
                 of
                 earthly
                 things
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Consecration
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Ceremony
                 invented
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 in
                 favour
                 of
                 their
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 unto
                 whom
                 they
                 did
                 pay
                 Divine
                 honours
                 :
                 The
                 manner
                 of
                 it
                 is
                 thus
                 described
                 by
                 Rosinus
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 Herodianus
                 .
                 The
                 Body
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 being
                 buried
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 usual
                 custom
                 ,
                 his
                 Effigies
                 of
                 Wax
                 was
                 placed
                 at
                 the
                 entry
                 of
                 the
                 Pallace
                 upon
                 a
                 large
                 bed
                 of
                 Ivory
                 ,
                 sumptuously
                 adorned
                 :
                 The
                 Physicians
                 did
                 visit
                 it
                 during
                 seven
                 days
                 ,
                 and
                 treat
                 it
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 alive
                 in
                 the
                 fit
                 of
                 sickness
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 mean
                 while
                 all
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 Nobility
                 of
                 Rome
                 were
                 present
                 in
                 mourning
                 Habits
                 .
                 When
                 these
                 dayes
                 were
                 expired
                 he
                 was
                 held
                 for
                 dead
                 ;
                 therefore
                 they
                 did
                 transport
                 him
                 to
                 a
                 publick
                 place
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 did
                 quit
                 their
                 Offices
                 ,
                 there
                 the
                 new
                 Emperor
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 ascend
                 to
                 a
                 high
                 Pulpit
                 ,
                 called
                 Rostra
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 was
                 adorned
                 with
                 the
                 Sterns
                 of
                 Ships
                 taken
                 
                 from
                 the
                 enemies
                 in
                 Sea-fights
                 ;
                 from
                 hence
                 he
                 did
                 make
                 a
                 Funeral
                 oration
                 in
                 hononur
                 of
                 the
                 deceased
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 they
                 did
                 carry
                 this
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 to
                 the
                 Field
                 of
                 Mars
                 ,
                 where
                 a
                 Pile
                 of
                 Aromatick
                 wood
                 was
                 erected
                 to
                 burn
                 it
                 :
                 in
                 the
                 mean
                 while
                 the
                 Roman
                 Gentlemen
                 did
                 ride
                 round
                 several
                 times
                 in
                 order
                 .
                 At
                 last
                 the
                 new
                 Emperor
                 with
                 a
                 Torch
                 did
                 set
                 the
                 Pile
                 of
                 wood
                 in
                 a
                 flame
                 ;
                 At
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 an
                 Eagle
                 was
                 dismist
                 from
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 imagined
                 to
                 carry
                 the
                 Soul
                 of
                 this
                 new
                 God
                 into
                 Heaven
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 this
                 Apotheosis
                 or
                 Conseration
                 was
                 ended
                 ,
                 the
                 People
                 did
                 Feast
                 and
                 divert
                 themselves
                 with
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 sports
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 day
                 was
                 appointed
                 as
                 a
                 Festival
                 day
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 imployed
                 in
                 particular
                 Sacrifices
                 or
                 in
                 Feasting
                 before
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 said
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 Chapter
                 ;
                 or
                 in
                 seeing
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Plays
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Festival
                 days
                 of
                 Rome
                 were
                 many
                 ;
                 these
                 were
                 the
                 chief
                 ▪
                 The
                 Kalends
                 of
                 every
                 Month
                 were
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Juno
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 first
                 of
                 January
                 
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 send
                 gifts
                 to
                 their
                 friends
                 ,
                 with
                 good
                 wishes
                 for
                 their
                 health
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 Month
                 were
                 the
                 Agonalia
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 God
                 of
                 Action
                 .
              
               
                 Carmentalia
                 ,
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 
                   Carmenta
                   Evenders
                
                 Mother
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 following
                 Months
                 were
                 the
                 Terminalia
                 ,
                 Consecrated
                 to
                 
                   Dues
                   Terminus
                
                 .
                 The
                 Idus
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 
                 15th
                 day
                 of
                 March
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 was
                 murthered
                 ,
                 was
                 named
                 Parricidium
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 Lemuria
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 Sacrifice
                 to
                 the
                 Hobgoblins
                 ,
                 was
                 in
                 May.
                 
              
               
                 Bellonaria
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 Festivals
                 of
                 Bellona
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 the
                 Priests
                 did
                 offer
                 to
                 her
                 nothing
                 but
                 their
                 own
                 blood
                 .
                 
                   Lucan
                   lib.
                   1.
                   
                   Phars
                   .
                   —
                   quos
                   sectis
                
                 Bellona
                 
                   lacertis
                   :
                   Saeva
                   movet
                
                 —
              
               
                 Every
                 God
                 had
                 a
                 Festival
                 appointed
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 called
                 by
                 his
                 name
                 ,
                 Ovid
                 in
                 his
                 Fast
                 .
                 mentions
                 them
                 all
                 .
              
               
                 Juvenilia
                 ,
                 were
                 appointed
                 by
                 Ne●o
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 shaving
                 of
                 his
                 Beard
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VI.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Playes
                 of
                 Greece
                 appointed
                 in
                 Honour
                 of
                 the
                 Heathen
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 Playes
                 and
                 the
                 Combats
                 in
                 which
                 the
                 youth
                 exercised
                 themselves
                 anciently
                 ,
                 were
                 not
                 invented
                 only
                 to
                 fit
                 men
                 for
                 the
                 War
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 divert
                 the
                 People
                 ;
                 but
                 they
                 were
                 instituded
                 in
                 Honour
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 whose
                 Festivals
                 were
                 kept
                 with
                 such
                 kind
                 of
                 fports
                 .
                 Therefore
                 they
                 did
                 begin
                 them
                 in
                 sacrificing
                 to
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 finish
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 .
                 Besides
                 Homerus
                 tells
                 us
                 how
                 in
                 the
                 Temples
                 they
                 did
                 exercise
                 themselves
                 at
                 many
                 petty
                 Playes
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 speaks
                 of
                 those
                 who
                 did
                 handle
                 the
                 Dice
                 before
                 the
                 Altars
                 
                 of
                 Minerva
                 .
                 He
                 informs
                 us
                 how
                 Palamedes
                 invented
                 in
                 the
                 Siege
                 of
                 Troy
                 ,
                 the
                 play
                 of
                 Chess
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 to
                 entertain
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 in
                 action
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 to
                 instruct
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 craft
                 of
                 War
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 this
                 was
                 received
                 instead
                 of
                 the
                 play
                 of
                 Dice
                 ,
                 which
                 remained
                 afterwards
                 amongst
                 none
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 ra●cality
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Persons
                 of
                 Quality
                 did
                 commonly
                 pass
                 the
                 time
                 away
                 with
                 this
                 sort
                 of
                 Play
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 also
                 used
                 in
                 the
                 Temples
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 Amongst
                 the
                 Combats
                 and
                 publick
                 Plays
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 Instruments
                 of
                 Musick
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Songs
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 the
                 running
                 in
                 a
                 Race
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 Antient
                 and
                 chief
                 of
                 the
                 Exercises
                 .
                 The
                 next
                 was
                 Skipping
                 .
                 The
                 third
                 was
                 the
                 casting
                 of
                 the
                 Stone
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 the
                 Bar
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 of
                 Iron
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 Brass
                 ,
                 round
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 a
                 considerable
                 weight
                 ;
                 They
                 who
                 did
                 cast
                 it
                 highest
                 ,
                 or
                 farthest
                 ,
                 did
                 get
                 the
                 prize
                 .
                 The
                 fourth
                 kind
                 of
                 Play
                 was
                 Wrestling
                 ;
                 when
                 two
                 Antagonists
                 annointed
                 over
                 with
                 
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 naked
                 ,
                 did
                 strive
                 to
                 cast
                 one
                 another
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 .
                 The
                 fifth
                 was
                 the
                 dispute
                 at
                 Cuffs
                 ,
                 the
                 Combatants
                 ,
                 named
                 Pugiles
                 ,
                 did
                 tie
                 about
                 their
                 hands
                 hard
                 thongs
                 of
                 an
                 Oxes
                 hide
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 These
                 last
                 Playes
                 were
                 named
                 Gymnici
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 Parties
                 did
                 fight
                 all
                 naked
                 .
                 Palaestra
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 they
                 did
                 exercise
                 themselves
                 to
                 attain
                 to
                 a
                 perfect
                 Activity
                 .
                 The
                 Masters
                 who
                 did
                 teach
                 there
                 ,
                 were
                 called
                 Gymnastae
                 .
                 Some
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 act
                 in
                 5
                 sorts
                 of
                 Playes
                 ,
                 
                 
                 they
                 had
                 therefore
                 in
                 Greek
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Pentathletae
                 ;
                 such
                 as
                 did
                 overcome
                 were
                 stiled
                 Pancratiastes
                 .
                 This
                 word
                 is
                 taken
                 also
                 for
                 a
                 strong
                 wrestler
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 four
                 General
                 Assemblies
                 ,
                 or
                 sacred
                 Games
                 that
                 were
                 so
                 famous
                 in
                 Greece
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 were
                 kept
                 constantly
                 at
                 the
                 appointed
                 times
                 for
                 a
                 long
                 while
                 ,
                 did
                 consist
                 of
                 no
                 other
                 sports
                 .
                 The
                 most
                 Illustrious
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 chief
                 were
                 the
                 Olympick
                 Games
                 ,
                 instituted
                 by
                 Hercules
                 in
                 Honour
                 of
                 
                   Jupiter
                   Olympius
                
                 near
                 the
                 City
                 Olympia
                 in
                 the
                 Province
                 of
                 Elide
                 .
                 There
                 the
                 Conquerors
                 did
                 receive
                 no
                 other
                 reward
                 than
                 a
                 Crown
                 ,
                 made
                 with
                 a
                 Branch
                 of
                 an
                 Olive-tree
                 .
                 Every
                 five
                 years
                 they
                 did
                 meet
                 upon
                 the
                 place
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 Pythian
                 Games
                 were
                 Consecrated
                 to
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 the
                 Serpent
                 Python
                 ,
                 that
                 was
                 kill'd
                 by
                 him
                 .
                 In
                 these
                 the
                 Conquerors
                 were
                 Crowned
                 with
                 Lawrel
                 .
                 The
                 
                   Isthmian
                   Games
                
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 in
                 the
                 Isthmus
                 of
                 Corinth
                 to
                 Neptunus
                 ,
                 were
                 appointed
                 by
                 Theseus
                 ;
                 
                 There
                 the
                 Conquerors
                 were
                 Crowned
                 with
                 the
                 Pine-tree
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 fourth
                 sort
                 of
                 Games
                 kept
                 in
                 the
                 Nemaean
                 Forrest
                 ,
                 were
                 instituted
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 so
                 valiantly
                 overcome
                 a
                 Lyon
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 .
                 Some
                 say
                 that
                 these
                 last
                 Games
                 were
                 ordained
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 Achemorus
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 King
                 Licurgus
                 ;
                 for
                 when
                 the
                 Men
                 of
                 Argos
                 did
                 march
                 with
                 Adrastus
                 against
                 Thebes
                 ,
                 the
                 Nurse
                 of
                 this
                 little
                 Prince
                 having
                 laid
                 him
                 down
                 upon
                 the
                 grass
                 
                 near
                 a
                 Plant
                 of
                 Smallage
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 Army
                 where
                 they
                 might
                 recover
                 some
                 Water
                 ,
                 they
                 being
                 extremely
                 afflicted
                 with
                 thirst
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 ;
                 A
                 great
                 Serpent
                 in
                 the
                 mean
                 while
                 kill'd
                 him
                 .
                 Adrastus
                 and
                 the
                 Captains
                 of
                 his
                 Army
                 after
                 this
                 mischance
                 ,
                 appointed
                 these
                 solemn
                 Games
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 the
                 Child
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 celebrated
                 every
                 five
                 years
                 ,
                 to
                 comfort
                 his
                 afflicted
                 Father
                 Licurgus
                 ,
                 commanding
                 that
                 the
                 Judges
                 should
                 appear
                 in
                 mourning
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 Conquerors
                 Crown
                 should
                 be
                 of
                 
                 Smallage
                 .
                 At
                 last
                 after
                 a
                 certain
                 number
                 of
                 years
                 :
                 Besides
                 these
                 five
                 kinds
                 of
                 Exercises
                 ,
                 ●amed
                 Pancrace
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Quinquertium
                 .
                 The
                 Horse-race
                 was
                 added
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 running
                 with
                 Chariots
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 performed
                 in
                 a
                 Hippodromus
                 ,
                 called
                 Stadium
                 ,
                 because
                 
                 of
                 its
                 length
                 ,
                 that
                 was
                 of
                 one
                 or
                 more
                 Furlongs
                 ;
                 as
                 also
                 Circus
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 was
                 of
                 an
                 Oval
                 Figure
                 ;
                 from
                 hence
                 these
                 sports
                 were
                 named
                 Circenses
                 in
                 Latine
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Circus
                 of
                 the
                 Olympick
                 Games
                 ,
                 had
                 the
                 River
                 Alpheus
                 on
                 one
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 was
                 Armed
                 with
                 naked
                 Swords
                 stuck
                 in
                 the
                 ground
                 .
                 The
                 place
                 from
                 whence
                 the
                 Runners
                 departed
                 ,
                 was
                 named
                 Carceres
                 ;
                 And
                 many
                 times
                 there
                 was
                 nothing
                 but
                 a
                 Line
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 small
                 Cord
                 stretcht
                 before
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 in
                 the
                 Horses
                 that
                 waited
                 for
                 the
                 singal
                 to
                 run
                 ▪
                 In
                 this
                 manner
                 they
                 were
                 kept
                 in
                 together
                 ,
                 until
                 they
                 did
                 depart
                 towards
                 the
                 Butt
                 ,
                 where
                 an
                 Obeliscus
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 low
                 Pillar
                 was
                 erected
                 :
                 They
                 were
                 to
                 run
                 seven
                 times
                 round
                 
                 about
                 it
                 before
                 they
                 could
                 deserve
                 the
                 Prize
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 it
                 did
                 happen
                 by
                 mischance
                 ,
                 that
                 these
                 Chariots
                 in
                 turning
                 round
                 ,
                 did
                 but
                 touch
                 at
                 the
                 Pillar
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 the
                 other
                 Chariots
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 immediately
                 broken
                 to
                 pieces
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 did
                 run
                 ,
                 and
                 were
                 drawn
                 in
                 a
                 very
                 furious
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 who
                 did
                 run
                 on
                 Horse-back
                 ,
                 did
                 often
                 lead
                 two
                 together
                 ;
                 They
                 were
                 so
                 dexterous
                 and
                 so
                 quick
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 Race
                 they
                 did
                 sometimes
                 skip
                 from
                 one
                 Horse
                 to
                 another
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 cause
                 they
                 were
                 named
                 Desultores
                 or
                 Desultorij
                 :
                 From
                 hence
                 it
                 is
                 that
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 borrow
                 their
                 Proverb
                 ,
                 
                   Desultoriae
                   naturae
                   homines
                
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 
                   Men
                   of
                   a
                   changing
                   nature
                
                 .
                 Some
                 intelligent
                 and
                 wise
                 persons
                 were
                 chosen
                 in
                 these
                 Games
                 ,
                 named
                 
                 Hellanodicks
                 to
                 be
                 Judges
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 assign
                 the
                 Prize
                 to
                 him
                 to
                 whom
                 it
                 was
                 due
                 .
                 They
                 who
                 did
                 obtain
                 the
                 Victory
                 ,
                 were
                 received
                 in
                 State
                 into
                 the
                 Cities
                 of
                 their
                 habitations
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 the
                 custom
                 to
                 cast
                 down
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Wall
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 enter
                 in
                 with
                 more
                 Glory
                 and
                 Pomp.
                 
              
               
                 About
                 this
                 time
                 there
                 were
                 in
                 
                   Greece
                   ,
                   Athletes
                
                 or
                 Combatants
                 of
                 incredible
                 strength
                 ,
                 as
                 Milon
                 of
                 Crotone
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Polydamas
                   .
                   Arrichion
                
                 was
                 another
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 mentioned
                 amongst
                 the
                 Pictures
                 of
                 Philostrates
                 .
                 Although
                 this
                 last
                 had
                 been
                 cast
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 condition
                 ready
                 to
                 breath
                 forth
                 his
                 last
                 gasp
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 nevertheless
                 destroy
                 his
                 adversary
                 ,
                 and
                 deserve
                 the
                 Prize
                 of
                 the
                 Combate
                 .
              
               
               
                 Milon
                 carryed
                 a
                 Bull
                 of
                 two
                 years
                 old
                 upon
                 his
                 shoulders
                 all
                 along
                 the
                 Stadium
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 knock●
                 him
                 down
                 with
                 a
                 blow
                 of
                 his
                 Fist
                 :
                 Besides
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 reported
                 of
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 eat
                 up
                 the
                 Beast
                 the
                 same
                 day
                 .
                 He
                 held
                 a
                 Pomegranate
                 so
                 fast
                 in
                 his
                 hand
                 without
                 bruifing
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 body
                 was
                 able
                 to
                 take
                 it
                 from
                 him
                 .
                 He
                 did
                 stand
                 upon
                 the
                 decline
                 of
                 a
                 little
                 Rock
                 with
                 his
                 feet
                 close
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 man
                 was
                 able
                 to
                 remove
                 him
                 from
                 thence
                 :
                 But
                 at
                 last
                 ,
                 having
                 undertaken
                 in
                 a
                 Forrest
                 to
                 separate
                 with
                 his
                 hands
                 the
                 two
                 parts
                 of
                 a
                 Tree
                 slit
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 ;
                 he
                 partly
                 performed
                 his
                 enterprise
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 came
                 together
                 so
                 suddenly
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 was
                 caught
                 between
                 them
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 could
                 never
                 free
                 himself
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 he
                 was
                 there
                 devoured
                 by
                 Wolves
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 assistance
                 .
              
               
                 Polydamas
                 in
                 his
                 young
                 dayes
                 caught
                 hold
                 of
                 a
                 Lyon
                 in
                 Mount
                 Olympus
                 ,
                 and
                 strangled
                 him
                 with
                 his
                 hands
                 .
                 He
                 did
                 catch
                 a
                 strong
                 Bull
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 furious
                 of
                 the
                 Country
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 hold
                 him
                 so
                 by
                 his
                 tail
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 could
                 not
                 move
                 a
                 jot
                 forward
                 .
                 Thus
                 he
                 did
                 stay
                 with
                 his
                 hands
                 a
                 Chariot
                 which
                 was
                 drawn
                 by
                 strong
                 Horses
                 .
                 We
                 read
                 also
                 in
                 Plinius
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 Valens
                 ,
                 a
                 Captain
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Augustus
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 able
                 to
                 perform
                 such
                 like
                 actions
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Games
                 and
                 Exercises
                 of
                 Greece
                 ,
                 did
                 cause
                 them
                 to
                 be
                 such
                 good
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 that
                 with
                 a
                 small
                 number
                 of
                 Men
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 defeat
                 Millions
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 of
                 Persia
                 ,
                 who
                 came
                 against
                 their
                 country
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 When
                 virtue
                 meets
                 with
                 reward
                 and
                 encouragement
                 ,
                 it
                 strives
                 to
                 excell
                 .
                 Rome
                 never
                 had
                 more
                 worthy
                 Generals
                 ,
                 than
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 honoured
                 with
                 the
                 Triumph
                 ;
                 nor
                 Greece
                 never
                 had
                 more
                 stout
                 and
                 valiant
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 than
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 recompensed
                 with
                 the
                 esteem
                 and
                 applauses
                 of
                 Men
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 the
                 Crowns
                 of
                 Victory
                 .
                 Milon
                 mentioned
                 before
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 famous
                 Combatant
                 ,
                 and
                 Polydamas
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Nicias
                 of
                 Thessaly
                 ,
                 had
                 purchased
                 by
                 his
                 actions
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 esteem
                 and
                 fame
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 that
                 Darius
                 having
                 sent
                 for
                 him
                 to
                 see
                 some
                 visible
                 testimony
                 of
                 his
                 strength
                 ,
                 He
                 knockt
                 down
                 in
                 his
                 presence
                 three
                 of
                 the
                 ablest
                 Soldiers
                 of
                 his
                 Guard
                 ;
                 but
                 he
                 was
                 afterwards
                 stifled
                 in
                 a
                 Cave
                 ,
                 for
                 neglecting
                 to
                 come
                 out
                 when
                 the
                 ground
                 did
                 fa●
                 down
                 upon
                 him
                 .
                 Theagenes
                 was
                 another
                 man
                 noted
                 for
                 his
                 strength
                 .
                 Euthymus
                 was
                 another
                 brave
                 Champion
                 ;
                 born
                 at
                 Locres
                 in
                 Italy
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VII
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 publick
                 Pastimes
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
              
               
                 MAny
                 Nations
                 did
                 imitate
                 the
                 Greeks
                 in
                 these
                 sort
                 of
                 Sports
                 ,
                 but
                 especially
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 first
                 foundation
                 of
                 their
                 Empire
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 did
                 then
                 prepare
                 
                 many
                 places
                 to
                 run
                 ,
                 called
                 Circus
                 .
                 The
                 most
                 noted
                 was
                 made
                 by
                 the
                 command
                 of
                 King
                 
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Priscus
                
                 ,
                 of
                 3
                 Furlongs
                 in
                 length
                 .
                 
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 adorned
                 it
                 with
                 stately
                 and
                 sumptuous
                 Buildings
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 many
                 brave
                 and
                 pleasant
                 Channels
                 of
                 clear
                 water
                 ,
                 called
                 Euripi
                 .
                 All
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 Beholders
                 did
                 see
                 about
                 without
                 any
                 lett
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 did
                 sit
                 upon
                 steps
                 that
                 were
                 placed
                 one
                 above
                 another
                 ,
                 rising
                 in
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 a
                 Hill
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 formost
                 were
                 no
                 hinderance
                 to
                 the
                 hindermost
                 .
              
               
                 All
                 Orders
                 of
                 Men
                 had
                 their
                 places
                 assigned
                 unto
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 People
                 were
                 separate
                 from
                 the
                 rest
                 ;
                 the
                 Nobless
                 ,
                 the
                 Roman
                 Gentry
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 according
                 to
                 their
                 qualities
                 ,
                 did
                 take
                 their
                 seats
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 nearest
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 most
                 convenient
                 Place
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Orchestra
                 .
                 Before
                 it
                 a
                 large
                 Platform
                 did
                 stand
                 named
                 Podium
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Emperors
                 Throne
                 was
                 usually
                 seated
                 .
                 The
                 Senate
                 ,
                 the
                 Tribunes
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Vestal
                   Virgins
                
                 were
                 placed
                 in
                 this
                 Orchestra
                 ;
                 
                 And
                 he
                 also
                 who
                 did
                 appoint
                 the
                 sport
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 furnish
                 the
                 expence
                 necessary
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 He
                 was
                 stiled
                 
                   Editor
                   ,
                   Munerarius
                   ,
                   Agonotheta
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Brabeuta
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 Prize
                 that
                 was
                 bestowed
                 upon
                 the
                 Conquerors
                 ,
                 was
                 called
                 Brabium
                 or
                 Brabeum
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 the
                 Kings
                 were
                 always
                 the
                 Agonothetae
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 that
                 Office
                 did
                 devolve
                 to
                 the
                 Pretor
                 ,
                 in
                 whose
                 absence
                 a
                 Dictator
                 was
                 created
                 for
                 this
                 purpose
                 .
                 And
                 when
                 the
                 Empire
                 was
                 arrived
                 to
                 its
                 highest
                 Grandeur
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 
                 
                 but
                 also
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 did
                 gratifie
                 the
                 People
                 with
                 such
                 kind
                 of
                 sports
                 at
                 their
                 first
                 admittance
                 into
                 their
                 imployments
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Romans
                 did
                 affect
                 so
                 much
                 these
                 Pastimes
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 spend
                 the
                 days
                 and
                 the
                 nights
                 to
                 see
                 them
                 ,
                 without
                 caring
                 for
                 eating
                 or
                 drinking
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 ttue
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 who
                 did
                 give
                 these
                 sports
                 ,
                 did
                 also
                 feast
                 the
                 People
                 at
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 although
                 from
                 all
                 parts
                 of
                 Greece
                 they
                 did
                 meet
                 at
                 the
                 Olympick
                 Games
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 nothing
                 near
                 so
                 sumptuous
                 and
                 stately
                 as
                 the
                 Romans
                 in
                 their
                 sports
                 ▪
                 for
                 they
                 had
                 not
                 so
                 many
                 Combatants
                 ,
                 nor
                 Spectators
                 ,
                 nor
                 the
                 Place
                 was
                 not
                 so
                 glorious
                 nor
                 beautiful
                 ;
                 and
                 there
                 was
                 no
                 Pomp
                 in
                 Greece
                 to
                 usher
                 in
                 the
                 Champions
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 Rome
                 .
                 For
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 all
                 the
                 Statues
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Worthies
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 were
                 carried
                 before
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 the
                 Chariots
                 followed
                 in
                 a
                 great
                 number
                 ,
                 succeeded
                 by
                 the
                 Spoils
                 that
                 had
                 been
                 taken
                 from
                 the
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 all
                 the
                 precious
                 Jewels
                 &
                 Ornaments
                 that
                 were
                 laid
                 upin
                 the
                 Treasury-house
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 :
                 After
                 this
                 Train
                 ,
                 the
                 Priests
                 ,
                 and
                 Augures
                 ,
                 and
                 Pontifs
                 did
                 march
                 in
                 good
                 order
                 ,
                 to
                 Sacrifice
                 to
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Divinities
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 times
                 and
                 occasions
                 The
                 Secular
                 Games
                 were
                 every
                 hundredth
                 year
                 ;
                 therefore
                 the
                 publick
                 Cryer
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 sent
                 to
                 invite
                 the
                 People
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 did
                 Proclaim
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 such
                 Sports
                 as
                 none
                 alive
                 had
                 ever
                 ●een
                 ,
                 nor
                 should
                 ever
                 see
                 again
                 .
              
               
               
                 Time
                 brought
                 many
                 alterations
                 to
                 these
                 Pastimes
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ;
                 for
                 besides
                 the
                 Gymnick
                 Fights
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Horse
                 and
                 Chariot
                 Races
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 invent
                 the
                 Butchery
                 of
                 the
                 Gladiators
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Naumachias
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 fight
                 of
                 Ships
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 hunting
                 of
                 divers
                 sorts
                 of
                 Beasts
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 they
                 erected
                 large
                 Amphitheatres
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 building
                 
                 was
                 much
                 like
                 unto
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Circus
                 ,
                 in
                 respect
                 of
                 the
                 disposition
                 of
                 the
                 degrees
                 and
                 steps
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Beholders
                 were
                 seated
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 them
                 was
                 almost
                 round
                 ,
                 approaching
                 to
                 an
                 Oval
                 .
                 The
                 sports
                 were
                 represented
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 called
                 Arena
                 ,
                 because
                 this
                 place
                 was
                 covered
                 over
                 with
                 Sand
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Blood
                 that
                 was
                 there
                 spilt
                 might
                 the
                 sooner
                 sink
                 down
                 out
                 of
                 sight
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 be
                 more
                 easie
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 cover
                 it
                 by
                 stirring
                 up
                 the
                 Sand.
                 
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 these
                 Amphitheatres
                 ,
                 were
                 large
                 Caves
                 and
                 Dens
                 for
                 to
                 keep
                 the
                 wild
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 receive
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 represent
                 many
                 Sea
                 fights
                 ;
                 a
                 little
                 higher
                 were
                 the
                 Vaults
                 ,
                 &
                 the
                 Stairs
                 by
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 ascend
                 to
                 the
                 seats
                 .
                 The
                 entrance
                 of
                 these
                 vaulted
                 Galleries
                 ,
                 were
                 called
                 Vomitoria
                 ,
                 because
                 of
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 People
                 who
                 did
                 commonly
                 burst
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 place
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 sports
                 .
                 They
                 who
                 by
                 their
                 late
                 arrival
                 were
                 excluded
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 seats
                 ,
                 were
                 named
                 Excuneati
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 did
                 shift
                 themselves
                 into
                 several
                 corners
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 did
                 see
                 standing
                 :
              
               
               
                 The
                 Emperor
                 Vespasian
                 built
                 an
                 Amphitheatre
                 of
                 Stone
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 finisht
                 by
                 his
                 Son
                 Titus
                 :
                 It
                 was
                 able
                 to
                 hold
                 ninety
                 thousand
                 spectators
                 sitting
                 ,
                 with
                 twenty
                 thousand
                 more
                 upon
                 their
                 legs
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 chief
                 sport
                 of
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 was
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Gladiators
                 or
                 Fencers
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 appointed
                 to
                 divert
                 the
                 People
                 in
                 spilling
                 their
                 own
                 blood
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 as
                 the
                 Duellists
                 of
                 our
                 time
                 ;
                 A
                 cruel
                 custom
                 introduced
                 
                 by
                 the
                 Devil
                 .
                 Heretofore
                 it
                 was
                 used
                 only
                 at
                 the
                 great
                 Funerals
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 taken
                 notice
                 ;
                 but
                 afterwards
                 it
                 came
                 to
                 be
                 an
                 ordinary
                 practice
                 ,
                 for
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 times
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 greatness
                 of
                 him
                 who
                 gave
                 these
                 Pastimes
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 you
                 should
                 have
                 seen
                 many
                 hundreds
                 of
                 these
                 Combatants
                 appear
                 upon
                 the
                 Sand
                 one
                 after
                 another
                 .
                 This
                 extravigancy
                 or
                 inhumanity
                 was
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 Emperors
                 gave
                 a
                 thousand
                 ,
                 the
                 others
                 ten
                 thousand
                 Fencers
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 fight
                 and
                 continue
                 the
                 slaughter
                 ,
                 to
                 divert
                 the
                 People
                 many
                 dayes
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Fencers
                 were
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 Slaves
                 ,
                 kept
                 for
                 this
                 bloody
                 purpose
                 .
                 And
                 before
                 they
                 did
                 bring
                 them
                 out
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 send
                 them
                 to
                 a
                 Fence-master
                 ,
                 called
                 Lanista
                 ,
                 to
                 prepare
                 them
                 for
                 this
                 Exercise
                 .
                 Their
                 Fencing-School
                 was
                 stiled
                 Batualia
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 did
                 learn
                 to
                 handle
                 the
                 weapons
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 wooden
                 Sword
                 called
                 Rudis
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 
                   rudibus
                   batuere
                
                 ,
                 is
                 to
                 Fence
                 or
                 Exercise
                 with
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 Instrument
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 Now
                 these
                 Gladiators
                 were
                 of
                 several
                 sorts
                 ,
                 some
                 did
                 fight
                 only
                 with
                 a
                 naked
                 sword
                 in
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Buckler
                 in
                 the
                 left
                 ;
                 others
                 did
                 appear
                 in
                 perfect
                 Armour
                 ;
                 some
                 did
                 march
                 to
                 the
                 encounter
                 blind-fold
                 .
                 These
                 were
                 named
                 Andabates
                 .
                 Others
                 ,
                 called
                 Retiarij
                 ,
                 did
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 a
                 Nett
                 to
                 trapan
                 their
                 Adversaries
                 .
                 The
                 Myrmillones
                 had
                 on
                 the
                 
                 top
                 of
                 their
                 Cask
                 the
                 representation
                 of
                 a
                 Fish
                 :
                 And
                 if
                 it
                 did
                 happen
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 caught
                 and
                 wrapt
                 into
                 the
                 Nett
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 not
                 possible
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 escape
                 death
                 .
              
               
                 Amongst
                 these
                 Gladiators
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 Dwarfs
                 ,
                 called
                 Pumiliones
                 ,
                 were
                 produced
                 to
                 act
                 their
                 parts
                 .
                 And
                 although
                 these
                 men
                 were
                 the
                 basest
                 and
                 vilest
                 sort
                 of
                 People
                 ;
                 many
                 Roman
                 Gentlemen
                 ,
                 Members
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 and
                 Emperors
                 also
                 ,
                 did
                 often
                 forget
                 themselves
                 so
                 much
                 ,
                 and
                 undervalue
                 their
                 Persons
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 fight
                 in
                 the
                 Arena
                 ,
                 and
                 divert
                 the
                 multitude
                 with
                 the
                 loss
                 of
                 their
                 Honor.
                 
              
               
                 He
                 that
                 did
                 overcome
                 ,
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 kill
                 his
                 Antagonist
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 spectators
                 did
                 not
                 save
                 his
                 life
                 with
                 the
                 bended
                 Thumb
                 lifted
                 up
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 make
                 known
                 their
                 pleasure
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 open
                 the
                 Thumb
                 straight
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 a
                 sign
                 of
                 condemnation
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 oldest
                 Fencers
                 did
                 obtain
                 their
                 freedom
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 had
                 given
                 any
                 testimonie
                 of
                 their
                 valour
                 and
                 activity
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 the
                 ceremony
                 made
                 use
                 of
                 in
                 this
                 occasion
                 :
                 A
                 wooden
                 Sword
                 was
                 delivered
                 into
                 their
                 hands
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 afterwards
                 engage
                 
                 themselves
                 to
                 fight
                 for
                 a
                 Sallery
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Author
                   amentum
                
                 ;
                 and
                 he
                 who
                 did
                 promise
                 and
                 swear
                 for
                 this
                 Money
                 to
                 hazard
                 his
                 life
                 ,
                 was
                 stiled
                 Authoratus
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 who
                 had
                 performed
                 their
                 oath
                 and
                 engagement
                 ,
                 were
                 called
                 Exauthorati
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Chase
                 of
                 wild
                 Beasts
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 pleasant
                 Pastimes
                 of
                 the
                 Circus
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 when
                 it
                 was
                 built
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 hundred
                 Lyons
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 hundred
                 Austriches
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 at
                 once
                 .
                 The
                 Emperor
                 Titus
                 caused
                 five
                 thousand
                 of
                 thirty
                 sorts
                 of
                 Beasts
                 to
                 enter
                 into
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 in
                 one
                 day
                 ;
                 Amongst
                 them
                 were
                 Lyons
                 ,
                 Elephants
                 ,
                 Wolves
                 ,
                 Bulls
                 ,
                 wild
                 Boars
                 ,
                 Leopards
                 ,
                 Rhinocerot's
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 They
                 did
                 cause
                 many
                 times
                 these
                 Beasts
                 to
                 fight
                 one
                 against
                 another
                 :
                 Sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 imploy
                 men
                 to
                 encounter
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 expose
                 unto
                 these
                 furious
                 creatures
                 both
                 Men
                 and
                 Women
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 have
                 the
                 pleasure
                 to
                 see
                 them
                 torn
                 in
                 pieces
                 and
                 devoured
                 .
                 Many
                 Christians
                 have
                 thus
                 ended
                 their
                 dayes
                 for
                 the
                 Faith
                 of
                 Jesus
                 Christ
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 bring
                 into
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 a
                 pleasant
                 Forrest
                 full
                 of
                 these
                 wild
                 Beasts
                 running
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 cause
                 at
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 several
                 artificial
                 Pipes
                 to
                 be
                 opened
                 ,
                 to
                 fill
                 the
                 Air
                 with
                 excellent
                 scents
                 and
                 perfumes
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 Assistants
                 were
                 embalmed
                 to
                 their
                 great
                 satisfaction
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 with
                 certain
                 Engines
                 called
                 Pegmata
                 ;
                 they
                 did
                 shew
                 the
                 burning
                 of
                 
                 Cities
                 ,
                 bloody
                 Battels
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 wonderful
                 things
                 that
                 did
                 pass
                 away
                 in
                 a
                 moment
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 cover
                 the
                 tops
                 of
                 these
                 Amphitheatres
                 with
                 sheets
                 of
                 fine
                 Linnen
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 Silk
                 of
                 a
                 prodigious
                 largeness
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 〈◊〉
                 the
                 violence
                 of
                 the
                 Sun-beams
                 from
                 the
                 Beholders
                 ;
                 And
                 the
                 Emperors
                 did
                 often
                 cast
                 among
                 the
                 croud
                 many
                 things
                 wrapt
                 up
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 unfolded
                 ,
                 they
                 who
                 did
                 take
                 them
                 up
                 did
                 find
                 some
                 precious
                 Jewel
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 did
                 bestow
                 upon
                 them
                 ;
                 So
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 no
                 wonder
                 if
                 Titus
                 at
                 one
                 time
                 expended
                 no
                 less
                 then
                 eighty
                 millions
                 of
                 money
                 in
                 the
                 sports
                 that
                 he
                 gave
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 third
                 sort
                 of
                 Pastime
                 of
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Race
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 encounter
                 or
                 fight
                 of
                 Galleys
                 ,
                 that
                 did
                 sail
                 in
                 it
                 as
                 upon
                 a
                 Sea
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 it
                 was
                 all
                 of
                 wine
                 .
                 Upon
                 it
                 they
                 did
                 represent
                 the
                 Tritons
                 ,
                 the
                 Sirens
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 sing
                 most
                 delightfully
                 ,
                 and
                 play
                 many
                 pleasant
                 tricks
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 reported
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 bring
                 upon
                 this
                 Sea
                 true
                 Whales
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Sea-monsters
                 alive
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Theatre
                 was
                 not
                 like
                 the
                 Circus
                 ,
                 or
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 although
                 the
                 People
                 did
                 sit
                 in
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Theatre
                 was
                 only
                 for
                 
                   Stage-players
                   ,
                   Hocus
                   pocus's
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Buffoons
                 ,
                 for
                 Musical
                 Songs
                 ,
                 for
                 Dances
                 ,
                 for
                 Active
                 tricks
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Juglings
                 ,
                 but
                 especially
                 for
                 Comedies
                 and
                 Tragedies
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Scene
                 of
                 these
                 Theatres
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 them
                 that
                 did
                 appear
                 in
                 the
                 Front
                 ,
                 did
                 turn
                 round
                 ,
                 supported
                 upon
                 Pillers
                 ,
                 
                 that
                 the
                 variety
                 suitable
                 to
                 the
                 change
                 of
                 the
                 Subject
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Actions
                 ,
                 (
                 especially
                 in
                 Tragedies
                 )
                 might
                 give
                 more
                 delight
                 .
                 The
                 Comick
                 Scene
                 did
                 resemble
                 particular
                 Houses
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Satyrick
                 did
                 represent
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 Caves
                 ,
                 Trees
                 ,
                 and
                 Fountains
                 .
              
               
                 Pliny
                 informs
                 us
                 how
                 Glorious
                 and
                 Magnificent
                 were
                 the
                 ornaments
                 of
                 the
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 which
                 Scaurus
                 built
                 .
                 Another
                 named
                 Curio
                 ,
                 could
                 not
                 equal
                 him
                 in
                 Pomp
                 &
                 Glory
                 ;
                 but
                 he
                 did
                 surpass
                 him
                 by
                 the
                 excellency
                 of
                 the
                 Fabrick
                 ,
                 for
                 he
                 built
                 two
                 Theatres
                 able
                 to
                 contain
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Rome
                 sitting
                 ,
                 without
                 difficulty
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 turn
                 round
                 upon
                 Beams
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 joyn
                 together
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 an
                 Amphitheatre
                 .
              
               
                 Pompeius
                 built
                 another
                 that
                 was
                 far
                 more
                 stately
                 than
                 any
                 erected
                 by
                 his
                 Predecessors
                 ;
                 
                 for
                 his
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 as
                 Tertullian
                 saith
                 ,
                 did
                 not
                 yield
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 building
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 in
                 Glory
                 .
                 He
                 dedicated
                 it
                 to
                 Venus
                 ,
                 and
                 built
                 also
                 a
                 Temple
                 in
                 Honour
                 of
                 this
                 Goddess
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 all
                 these
                 sports
                 that
                 were
                 instituted
                 chiefly
                 for
                 the
                 Festivals
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 did
                 represent
                 only
                 their
                 Adventures
                 ,
                 their
                 Loves
                 ,
                 their
                 Thefts
                 and
                 abominable
                 debaucheries
                 :
                 As
                 the
                 Encounters
                 of
                 the
                 Circus
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 did
                 stir
                 up
                 the
                 minds
                 of
                 Men
                 to
                 cruelty
                 .
                 By
                 this
                 means
                 the
                 Devils
                 did
                 entertain
                 the
                 world
                 in
                 the
                 belief
                 and
                 worship
                 of
                 the
                 false
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 keep
                 up
                 a
                 Publick
                 School
                 ,
                 for
                 men
                 to
                 be
                 instructed
                 in
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 crimes
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 did
                 cause
                 
                 them
                 to
                 pass
                 for
                 gallant
                 Acts
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 encourage
                 the
                 imitation
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 by
                 imputing
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 Gods
                 whom
                 they
                 did
                 adore
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 that
                 we
                 have
                 past
                 through
                 the
                 Relation
                 of
                 so
                 many
                 disorders
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 ignorance
                 of
                 the
                 true
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 our
                 Sins
                 have
                 caused
                 in
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 we
                 cannot
                 end
                 it
                 more
                 advantageously
                 ,
                 than
                 in
                 rendring
                 unto
                 our
                 Lord
                 and
                 Saviour
                 Jesus
                 Christ
                 the
                 Honour
                 of
                 having
                 happily
                 triumpht
                 over
                 these
                 impieties
                 upon
                 the
                 Cross
                 ;
                 and
                 especially
                 for
                 that
                 he
                 hath
                 withdrawn
                 us
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 dangerous
                 Abyss
                 of
                 so
                 much
                 wickedness
                 by
                 his
                 Infinite
                 Goodness
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 called
                 us
                 to
                 the
                 enjoyment
                 of
                 the
                 light
                 of
                 his
                 Gospel
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Sports
                 and
                 Playes
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 do
                 deserve
                 our
                 further
                 consideration
                 .
                 There
                 were
                 two
                 sorts
                 ,
                 private
                 and
                 publick
                 :
                 The
                 private
                 were
                 many
                 ,
                 whereof
                 these
                 are
                 the
                 chief
                 .
              
               
                 Latrunculi
                 ,
                 the
                 play
                 at
                 Chess
                 ;
                 the
                 Board
                 is
                 called
                 
                   Latrunculorum
                   tabula
                
                 ,
                 invented
                 by
                 
                 Palamedes
                 at
                 the
                 Siege
                 of
                 Troy
                 ,
                 to
                 exercise
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 in
                 the
                 art
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 encountring
                 an
                 Enemy
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 the
                 Play
                 borrows
                 its
                 name
                 from
                 Latrones
                 ,
                 an
                 old
                 word
                 for
                 Soldiers
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                     Insidiosorum
                     si
                     ludis
                     bell●
                     latronum
                  
                   
                     
                     Gemmeus
                     iste
                     tibi
                     miles
                     &
                     hostis
                     er
                  
                
              
               
                 Tali
                 and
                 Tesserae
                 ,
                 the
                 Play
                 at
                 Dice
                 was
                 in
                 use
                 amongst
                 the
                 Romans
                 and
                 Greeks
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 roll
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 Box
                 of
                 Horn
                 called
                 
                 
                 
                   Cornea
                   ,
                   Pixis
                   ,
                   Fritillus
                   ,
                   Fimus
                   ,
                   Turriculus
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Orca.
                 This
                 Play
                 is
                 called
                 Alea
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 prohibited
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 in
                 the
                 Festivals
                 of
                 Saturn
                 .
              
               
                 Pila
                 or
                 Sphaera
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Ball
                 which
                 was
                 invented
                 to
                 exercise
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 the
                 young
                 and
                 lusty
                 men
                 ;
                 and
                 not
                 only
                 Children
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 Princes
                 and
                 Worthy
                 Commanders
                 did
                 excell
                 in
                 this
                 sort
                 of
                 Play
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Titus
                   Livius
                
                 notes
                 of
                 
                   M.
                   Scevola
                
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Discus
                 ,
                 the
                 Harpastum
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Halteres
                 ,
                 were
                 things
                 of
                 great
                 weight
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Romans
                 to
                 shew
                 their
                 strength
                 ,
                 did
                 cast
                 from
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 Petaurum
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Wheel
                 handled
                 by
                 two
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 was
                 always
                 under
                 ,
                 while
                 the
                 other
                 did
                 skip
                 through
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   Par
                   &
                   impar
                
                 ,
                 Even
                 or
                 Odd
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 sport
                 of
                 Children
                 ;
                 as
                 also
                 Trochus
                 a
                 Top.
                 Martial
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                     Iste
                     Trochus
                     pueris
                     ,
                     at
                     mihi
                     cantus
                     erit
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 Publick
                 Playes
                 and
                 Sports
                 were
                 invented
                 to
                 divert
                 and
                 oblige
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Rome
                 ;
                 or
                 they
                 were
                 appointed
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 latter
                 were
                 celebrated
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Circus
                   ,
                   Amphitheatre
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Theatre
                 at
                 certain
                 times
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 Festival
                 of
                 the
                 Divinities
                 ,
                 unto
                 whom
                 they
                 were
                 dedicated
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   Ludi
                   Megalenses
                
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 Sports
                 instituted
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Ceres
                 about
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 April
                 ;
                 in
                 which
                 the
                 Roman
                 Magistrates
                 did
                 appear
                 in
                 their
                 Purple
                 Robes
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 
                   Ludi
                   Apollinares
                
                 were
                 in
                 honor
                 of
                 
                   Apollo
                   .
                   Ludi
                   Florales
                
                 were
                 didicated
                 to
                 the
                 famous
                 Strumpet
                 Flora
                 ;
                 On
                 this
                 Festival
                 the
                 Whores
                 of
                 Rome
                 did
                 run
                 naked
                 about
                 the
                 streets
                 ,
                 and
                 were
                 called
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 sound
                 of
                 a
                 Trumpet
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Ludi
                   Cereales
                
                 were
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Ceres
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 performed
                 in
                 white
                 Garments
                 .
              
               
                 Ludi
                 Capitolini
                 
                   were
                   consecrated
                   to
                
                 Jupiter
                 Capitolinus
                 .
                 Consuales
                 ludi
                 ,
                 to
                 Neptune
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   Ludi
                   Seculares
                
                 were
                 performed
                 every
                 hundred
                 years
                 during
                 three
                 dayes
                 ,
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Diana
                 and
                 of
                 Apollo
                 .
                 The
                 young
                 Virgins
                 and
                 Men
                 were
                 wont
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 to
                 sing
                 Hymns
                 to
                 Apollo
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Ludi
                   Plebei
                
                 were
                 appointed
                 in
                 favour
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 remembrance
                 of
                 the
                 happy
                 union
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 and
                 Senate
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Ludi
                   Compitalitij
                
                 were
                 Playes
                 &
                 Dances
                 in
                 the
                 streets
                 ,
                 acted
                 by
                 the
                 ordinary
                 People
                 in
                 Honour
                 of
                 their
                 
                   Lares
                   .
                   Palatini
                   ludi
                
                 ,
                 were
                 so
                 called
                 from
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 they
                 were
                 kept
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   Taurij
                   ludi
                
                 were
                 ordained
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 the
                 infernal
                 Gods
                 by
                 the
                 first
                 Tarquinius
                 ,
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 a
                 great
                 Plague
                 that
                 happened
                 in
                 his
                 Reign
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   Ludi
                   votivi
                
                 were
                 sports
                 promised
                 by
                 the
                 Roman
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 a
                 God
                 ,
                 upon
                 condition
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 obtain
                 the
                 victory
                 of
                 their
                 Enemies
                 .
                 The
                 Vow
                 was
                 put
                 in
                 writing
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 fixed
                 to
                 the
                 Statue
                 of
                 the
                 God
                 with
                 Wax
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 was
                 called
                 
                   signare
                   vota
                   ▪
                
                 therefore
                 the
                 
                 Poet
                 saith
                 ,
                 
                   Genua
                   incerare
                   Deorum
                
                 to
                 express
                 this
                 action
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 these
                 Playes
                 and
                 solemn
                 Pastimes
                 were
                 sometimes
                 kept
                 in
                 the
                 Circus
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 called
                 
                   Ludi
                   Circenses
                
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 these
                 are
                 the
                 most
                 remarkable
                 particulars
                 .
                 
                 Pompa
                 the
                 stately
                 Procession
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Gods
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 carryed
                 about
                 ,
                 and
                 followed
                 by
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Worthies
                 ,
                 by
                 Chariots
                 ,
                 Pageants
                 ,
                 Chairs
                 of
                 State
                 ,
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 spoils
                 of
                 Enemies
                 .
                 Sponsiones
                 ,
                 were
                 
                 the
                 Wagers
                 that
                 were
                 laid
                 .
                 Factiones
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 Players
                 or
                 Actors
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 divided
                 into
                 four
                 parts
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 they
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 distinguished
                 with
                 different
                 colours
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 end
                 the
                 Victors
                 were
                 crowned
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 publick
                 Cryer
                 
                 was
                 ordered
                 to
                 go
                 along
                 ,
                 to
                 declare
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 him
                 who
                 had
                 won
                 the
                 Victory
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 these
                 sports
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 also
                 the
                 Plays
                 of
                 the
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Ludi
                   Scenici
                
                 ,
                 Stage-Playes
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 either
                 
                   Mimicae
                   ,
                   Satyrae
                
                 ,
                 
                 Comoediae
                 ,
                 or
                 Tragoediae
                 ;
                 or
                 as
                 the
                 Romans
                 do
                 call
                 them
                 ,
                 
                   Planipedes
                   ,
                   Attellanae
                   ,
                   Praetextatae
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Tabernariae
                 .
                 The
                 two
                 latter
                 do
                 remain
                 amongst
                 us
                 ;
                 but
                 we
                 do
                 not
                 follow
                 in
                 the
                 composure
                 the
                 strict
                 Rules
                 that
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 prescribe
                 in
                 their
                 Tragaedies
                 &
                 Comedies
                 .
                 The
                 Actors
                 were
                 called
                 
                   Mimi
                   ,
                   Copreae
                   ,
                   Parafiti
                   ,
                   Saniones
                   ,
                   Histriones
                   ,
                   Pantomimi
                
                 ;
                 all
                 these
                 are
                 
                 infamous
                 names
                 ,
                 to
                 denote
                 the
                 Flatterers
                 ,
                 the
                 
                 Buffoons
                 ,
                 the
                 Fools
                 ,
                 and
                 Tale-bearers
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 admitted
                 to
                 the
                 Feasts
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Romans
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   company
                   merry
                   .
                
              
               
                 But
                 we
                 must
                 not
                 forget
                 to
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 the
                 difference
                 between
                 the
                 Tragoedy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Comoedy
                 :
                 The
                 former
                 did
                 treat
                 of
                 Blood-shed
                 ,
                 
                 Cruelties
                 ,
                 Murder
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 The
                 other
                 of
                 some
                 merry
                 and
                 pleasant
                 story
                 .
                 Scaliger
                 mentions
                 four
                 parts
                 in
                 a
                 
                   Comoedy
                   &
                   Trag.
                   Protasis
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Prologue
                 ;
                 Epitasis
                 ,
                 the
                 Entrance
                 into
                 the
                 Story
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 appearance
                 of
                 the
                 Actors
                 ;
                 Catastasis
                 ,
                 is
                 that
                 part
                 in
                 which
                 the
                 design
                 of
                 the
                 Comoedy
                 is
                 clouded
                 with
                 unexpected
                 passages
                 .
                 Catastrophe
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 conclusion
                 .
                 Chorus
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Dance
                 and
                 Musick
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 these
                 Playes
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 also
                 among
                 the
                 
                   Romans
                   ,
                   Ludi
                   Castrenses
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Trojani
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 were
                 for
                 the
                 young
                 Men
                 ,
                 and
                 Soldiers
                 to
                 exercise
                 themselves
                 at
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Sports
                 .
                 They
                 had
                 a
                 Captain
                 over
                 them
                 of
                 the
                 Noblest
                 Families
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Princeps
                   Juventutis
                
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 did
                 sometimes
                 skirmish
                 and
                 represent
                 the
                 order
                 of
                 a
                 Battel
                 .
                 Their
                 Dance
                 was
                 named
                 
                   Pyrrhica
                   Saltatio
                
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 did
                 dance
                 with
                 
                 their
                 arms
                 as
                 Pyrrhus
                 Son
                 of
                 Achilles
                 in
                 Homer
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 was
                 always
                 some
                 judicious
                 person
                 chosen
                 to
                 overlook
                 the
                 Players
                 ,
                 and
                 see
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 have
                 fair
                 play
                 ;
                 He
                 was
                 called
                 Campi-Doctor
                 ,
                 or
                 Monitor
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 when
                 any
                 did
                 appear
                 either
                 negligent
                 or
                 disorderly
                 ,
                 he
                 had
                 the
                 care
                 to
                 chastise
                 him
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 most
                 cruel
                 Sports
                 were
                 acted
                 by
                 the
                 Gladiators
                 ,
                 
                 who
                 were
                 trained
                 up
                 ,
                 and
                 reserved
                 by
                 several
                 Noblemen
                 for
                 this
                 bloody
                 purpose
                 .
                 Their
                 Lords
                 did
                 signify
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 the
                 time
                 intended
                 for
                 these
                 Pastimes
                 ,
                 by
                 causing
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 published
                 by
                 a
                 Cryer
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 fixing
                 Bills
                 at
                 the
                 corner
                 of
                 the
                 streets
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Fencers
                 were
                 entered
                 into
                 the
                 
                 Arena
                 ,
                 their
                 custom
                 was
                 before
                 they
                 did
                 fight
                 in
                 earnest
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 their
                 activity
                 ,
                 by
                 casting
                 Darts
                 at
                 one
                 another
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 play
                 ;
                 And
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 got
                 the
                 Victory
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 sometimes
                 received
                 amongst
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 a
                 Hat
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 a
                 badge
                 of
                 Freedom
                 was
                 given
                 unto
                 them
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Crown
                 of
                 Palm-tree
                 tyed
                 with
                 Ribbons
                 ,
                 called
                 Lemnisci
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 wooden
                 Sword
                 of
                 Exercise
                 called
                 Rudis
                 ,
                 mentioned
                 before
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                     Tutaque
                     sed
                     posito
                     poscitur
                     ense
                     rudis
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
           
             
             
               A
               Treatise
               of
               the
               Roman
               Antiquities
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               difficult
               Names
               relating
               to
               their
               Affairs
               not
               mentioned
               by
               Gautruche
               .
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 People
                 of
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 
                 ROME
                 is
                 not
                 so
                 Ancient
                 as
                 Famous
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 built
                 about
                 4103
                 years
                 after
                 the
                 Creation
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 dayes
                 of
                 Salmanassar
                 the
                 
                 King
                 of
                 Assyria
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Captivity
                 of
                 Israel
                 ,
                 by
                 Romulus
                 and
                 Remus
                 ,
                 two
                 Brothers
                 ,
                 the
                 Bastards
                 of
                 
                   Rhea
                   Sylvia
                
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 Inhabitants
                 were
                 out
                 Shepheards
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 mean
                 People
                 ,
                 that
                 
                 all
                 their
                 Neighbours
                 did
                 think
                 it
                 a
                 high
                 disgrace
                 to
                 give
                 unto
                 them
                 their
                 Daughters
                 in
                 Marriage
                 :
                 when
                 they
                 could
                 not
                 obtain
                 their
                 ●esires
                 by
                 the
                 usual
                 perswasions
                 ,
                 they
                 imployed
                 their
                 strength
                 and
                 cunning
                 to
                 get
                 Wives
                 ;
                 For
                 when
                 the
                 Virgins
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Sabins
                 ●ere
                 come
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 Plays
                 &
                 publick
                 sports
                 ,
                 
                 they
                 stole
                 them
                 away
                 by
                 force
                 .
                 This
                 act
                 of
                 Hostility
                 was
                 followed
                 by
                 a
                 cruel
                 War
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 Romulus
                 the
                 King
                 having
                 the
                 advantage
                 ,
                 He
                 forced
                 the
                 Sabines
                 to
                 unite
                 with
                 the
                 Romans
                 in
                 one
                 Body
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 take
                 up
                 their
                 dwellings
                 in
                 Rome
                 ;
                 so
                 by
                 degrees
                 his
                 Victories
                 made
                 him
                 both
                 Dreadful
                 and
                 Famous
                 amongst
                 the
                 Italian
                 People
                 .
                 When
                 his
                 Subjects
                 became
                 numerous
                 ,
                 He
                 divided
                 them
                 into
                 three
                 Tribes
                 ,
                 and
                 each
                 Tribe
                 into
                 ten
                 Curiae
                 or
                 Parishes
                 .
                 The
                 Tribes
                 did
                 increase
                 afterwards
                 to
                 35
                 in
                 the
                 flourishing
                 state
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 he
                 built
                 along
                 the
                 River
                 of
                 Tyber
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   T.
                   Livius
                
                 informs
                 us
                 ,
                 with
                 these
                 usual
                 Ceremonies
                 observed
                 in
                 
                 such
                 occasions
                 .
                 The
                 Augures
                 or
                 Soothsayers
                 were
                 ordered
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 Observations
                 to
                 find
                 out
                 the
                 most
                 happy
                 place
                 to
                 seat
                 the
                 City
                 :
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 Founder
                 did
                 take
                 a
                 P
                 ow
                 and
                 mark
                 out
                 the
                 compass
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Wall
                 was
                 to
                 stand
                 ;
                 When
                 he
                 did
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 place
                 appointed
                 for
                 a
                 Gate
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 lift
                 up
                 the
                 Plow
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 hence
                 come
                 
                   Porta
                   à
                
                 
                 
                   portande
                   Aratrum
                
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 also
                 sacrifice
                 Beasts
                 to
                 the
                 Gods
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 perform
                 many
                 other
                 needless
                 Ceremonies
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Romulus
                 called
                 his
                 City
                 Rome
                 ,
                 after
                 his
                 own
                 name
                 ;
                 And
                 because
                 his
                 Brother
                 did
                 despise
                 his
                 first
                 undertakings
                 ,
                 by
                 skipping
                 over
                 the
                 new
                 Wall
                 ,
                 he
                 caused
                 him
                 to
                 be
                 kill'd
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 City
                 was
                 at
                 first
                 built
                 upon
                 Mount
                 Palatine
                 ,
                 where
                 all
                 the
                 stately
                 Edifices
                 were
                 
                 erected
                 ,
                 and
                 where
                 the
                 Senate
                 did
                 often
                 
                 meet
                 ;
                 but
                 by
                 degrees
                 the
                 succeding
                 Kings
                 took
                 in
                 6
                 neighbouring
                 Hills
                 into
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 often
                 called
                 
                   septicollis
                   Vrbs
                
                 .
                 These
                 were
                 the
                 other
                 six
                 :
                 The
                 Capitol
                 ,
                 where
                 a
                 Temple
                 was
                 erected
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 and
                 where
                 stood
                 
                   Rupes
                   Tarpeia
                
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 many
                 Malefactors
                 were
                 cast
                 down
                 &
                 executed
                 .
                 
                   Quirinalis
                   mons
                
                 ,
                 where
                 Quirinus
                 or
                 Romulus
                 had
                 a
                 famous
                 Temple
                 .
                 
                   Mons
                   Caelius
                
                 ,
                 where
                 was
                 the
                 
                   Curia
                   hostilia
                
                 ,
                 the
                 State-house
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 none
                 but
                 Senators
                 did
                 enter
                 .
                 
                   Mons
                   Esquilinus
                
                 ,
                 where
                 a
                 Watch-Tower
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Romulus
                   .
                   Mons
                   Aventinus
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Murcius
                 ,
                 or
                 Sacer
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 were
                 so
                 many
                 Temples
                 erected
                 upon
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Gods.
                 
                   Mons
                   Viminalis
                
                 ;
                 
                 From
                 hence
                 Jupiter
                 is
                 named
                 Vimineus
                 ,
                 because
                 he
                 had
                 a
                 beautiful
                 Temple
                 upon
                 that
                 Hill.
                 
              
               
                 Besides
                 these
                 noted
                 Hills
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 three
                 more
                 added
                 in
                 time
                 to
                 
                   Rome
                   ;
                   Collis
                   Hortulorum
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Circus
                 did
                 stand
                 .
                 Janiculus
                 ,
                 from
                 Janus
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 there
                 interred
                 .
                 
                   Vaticanus
                   Mons
                
                 ,
                 where
                 now
                 the
                 Famous
                 Library
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 it
                 placed
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 most
                 noted
                 Pallace
                 called
                 the
                 Vatican
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 three
                 last
                 are
                 far
                 lesser
                 than
                 the
                 others
                 ;
                 therefore
                 it
                 did
                 always
                 retain
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 septicollis
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 glorious
                 City
                 ,
                 (
                 the
                 Empress
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 )
                 many
                 stately
                 Pallaces
                 were
                 erected
                 ,
                 whose
                 Ruines
                 do
                 yet
                 declare
                 her
                 Grandeur
                 .
                 ●n
                 her
                 flourishing
                 Estate
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 these
                 
                 
                 noted
                 places
                 ;
                 
                   Arcus
                   Triumphales
                
                 ,
                 glorious
                 Monuments
                 of
                 Victories
                 obtained
                 upon
                 the
                 Enemy
                 .
                 The
                 Basilisci
                 ,
                 were
                 Buildings
                 supported
                 upon
                 Pillars
                 of
                 a
                 Prodigious
                 height
                 and
                 largeness
                 .
                 
                   Via
                   sacra
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Holy
                 way
                 ,
                 where
                 Romulus
                 did
                 conclude
                 an
                 agreement
                 with
                 the
                 Sabines
                 ,
                 and
                 through
                 which
                 the
                 Roman
                 Priests
                 and
                 Augures
                 did
                 usually
                 pass
                 to
                 perform
                 their
                 Publick
                 Ceremonies
                 .
                 Forum
                 
                 Romanum
                 ,
                 the
                 Guild-Hall
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 where
                 Causes
                 were
                 heard
                 ,
                 and
                 People
                 did
                 meet
                 ,
                 to
                 walk
                 and
                 discourse
                 of
                 Business
                 .
                 Comitium
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 place
                 that
                 did
                 belong
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 where
                 Justice
                 was
                 administred
                 in
                 the
                 Ivory
                 Chair
                 ,
                 named
                 
                   Sella
                   curulis
                
                 ;
                 under
                 it
                 stood
                 inferior
                 Benches
                 ,
                 called
                 subsellia
                 .
                 Near
                 unto
                 this
                 Place
                 was
                 a
                 stately
                 Building
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 Rostra
                 ,
                 a
                 Pulpit
                 adorned
                 with
                 the
                 stems
                 of
                 Ships
                 .
                 Here
                 was
                 also
                 a
                 Sanctuary
                 for
                 Malefactors
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Castor
                 .
                 The
                 Temple
                 of
                 Saturn
                 ,
                 where
                 was
                 the
                 Roman
                 Treasury
                 ,
                 named
                 
                   Aerarium
                   sanctius
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Campus
                   sceleratus
                
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Execution
                 Place
                 .
                 
                   Campus
                   Martius
                
                 was
                 noted
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 People
                 did
                 often
                 meet
                 there
                 to
                 choose
                 their
                 Magistrates
                 .
                 Thermae
                 ,
                 were
                 stately
                 Edifices
                 erected
                 for
                 Pleasure
                 .
                 That
                 of
                 Di●clesian
                 is
                 yet
                 to
                 bee
                 seen
                 at
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 Nymphea
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Men
                 and
                 Women
                 did
                 conclude
                 their
                 Marriages
                 .
              
               
                 Senaculum
                 ,
                 a
                 Meeting
                 place
                 for
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 in
                 several
                 Temples
                 of
                 the
                 the
                 Gods.
                 
              
               
               
                 
                 This
                 fair
                 City
                 was
                 Peopled
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Inhabitants
                 ;
                 They
                 were
                 commonly
                 divided
                 into
                 Patronos
                 ;
                 or
                 Patricios
                 ,
                 the
                 Noble
                 men
                 ;
                 and
                 Plebeios
                 or
                 Clientes
                 ;
                 the
                 Vulgar
                 or
                 Common
                 People
                 .
                 Romulus
                 chose
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 two
                 hundred
                 to
                 compose
                 a
                 Senate
                 .
                 In
                 time
                 this
                 number
                 increased
                 to
                 above
                 300
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 they
                 were
                 named
                 
                   Patres
                   conscripti
                
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 ordinary
                 Division
                 of
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 when
                 Rome
                 began
                 to
                 flourish
                 ,
                 was
                 into
                 
                   Senatorium
                   ,
                   Equestrem
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Plebeium
                   ordines
                
                 .
                 The
                 
                   Equestris
                   ordo
                
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Gentile
                 sort
                 of
                 People
                 ,
                 inferior
                 to
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 honoured
                 with
                 a
                 publick
                 allowance
                 ,
                 a
                 House
                 ,
                 a
                 Horse
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Gold
                 Ring
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 given
                 unto
                 them
                 by
                 the
                 Censors
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 obliged
                 to
                 serve
                 the
                 Publick
                 in
                 War
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 the
                 liberty
                 to
                 wear
                 a
                 Garment
                 of
                 Honor
                 ,
                 called
                 Angufliclavium
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Race
                 of
                 the
                 Senators
                 did
                 carry
                 another
                 ,
                 named
                 Laticlavium
                 .
                 Besides
                 these
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 the
                 Ingenui
                 ,
                 or
                 Free-born
                 .
                 The
                 Libertini
                 ,
                 such
                 whose
                 Parents
                 had
                 been
                 discharged
                 of
                 their
                 slavery
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Liber
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Manu-missi
                   Liberti
                
                 ,
                 they
                 that
                 were
                 freed
                 from
                 Bondage
                 by
                 their
                 Masters
                 ;
                 The
                 manner
                 of
                 it
                 was
                 thus
                 .
                 The
                 Servant
                 was
                 brought
                 before
                 the
                 Pretor
                 by
                 his
                 Patron
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 to
                 pronounce
                 these
                 words
                 ,
                 
                   hunc
                   liberum
                   esse
                   volo
                
                 ,
                 adding
                 a
                 slit
                 to
                 his
                 Ear
                 wi
                 h
                 a
                 Knife
                 .
                 The
                 Pretor
                 after
                 this
                 strikes
                 the
                 Servant
                 with
                 a
                 Rod
                 ,
                 called
                 Vindicta
                 ;
                 saying
                 ,
                 
                   Dico
                   cum
                   liberum
                   esse
                   more
                   Quiritum
                   .
                
                 Upon
                 that
                 he
                 received
                 a
                 Cap
                 or
                 Hat
                 in
                 token
                 of
                 Liberty
                 
                 
                 from
                 his
                 Master
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 immediately
                 dismist
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 name
                 was
                 enrolled
                 amongst
                 the
                 Roman
                 People
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Marriages
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
              
               
                 BEfore
                 we
                 mention
                 the
                 Burials
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 proper
                 to
                 speak
                 something
                 of
                 their
                 Marriages
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Ceremonies
                 observed
                 by
                 them
                 in
                 such
                 solemn
                 occasions
                 .
                 All
                 civilised
                 Nations
                 have
                 been
                 religious
                 observers
                 of
                 a
                 Form
                 and
                 manner
                 of
                 joyning
                 Men
                 and
                 Women
                 together
                 ,
                 to
                 prevent
                 the
                 great
                 disorders
                 which
                 might
                 otherwise
                 happen
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 Nature
                 teacheth
                 us
                 to
                 abhor
                 .
                 They
                 have
                 all
                 thought
                 that
                 it
                 did
                 concern
                 the
                 good
                 and
                 the
                 Nobility
                 of
                 our
                 kind
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Male
                 and
                 Female
                 should
                 not
                 come
                 abruptly
                 together
                 ,
                 led
                 only
                 by
                 their
                 bruitish
                 appetite
                 as
                 the
                 unreasonable
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 they
                 should
                 observe
                 a
                 decorum
                 in
                 this
                 weighty
                 Business
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Ceremonies
                 of
                 the
                 Jews
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Turks
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Greeks
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Eastern
                 People
                 have
                 been
                 related
                 in
                 other
                 Treatises
                 .
                 
                 We
                 shall
                 here
                 only
                 set
                 down
                 the
                 Customs
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 few
                 particulars
                 of
                 the
                 Greeks
                 manner
                 of
                 Marrying
                 ,
                 mentioned
                 by
                 their
                 Authors
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Romans
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 seek
                 the
                 Women
                 in
                 Marriage
                 from
                 their
                 Tutors
                 and
                 Parents
                 ,
                 after
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 obtained
                 the
                 Virgins
                 consent
                 :
                 Then
                 if
                 their
                 desires
                 were
                 granted
                 ,
                 the
                 Fathers
                 did
                 solemnly
                 promise
                 their
                 Daughters
                 in
                 Marriage
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Man
                 did
                 likewise
                 engage
                 himself
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Age
                 
                 grew
                 corrupt
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 more
                 security
                 they
                 did
                 write
                 these
                 Contracts
                 ,
                 or
                 Promises
                 of
                 Marriage
                 in
                 Records
                 ,
                 called
                 Tabellae
                 ,
                 and
                 certain
                 witnesses
                 ,
                 named
                 Signatores
                 ,
                 did
                 subscribe
                 to
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 Bride-groom
                 did
                 then
                 offer
                 to
                 his
                 future
                 Spouse
                 Gifts
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 to
                 confirm
                 
                 her
                 in
                 the
                 opinion
                 of
                 his
                 affection
                 for
                 her
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 oblige
                 himself
                 the
                 more
                 to
                 the
                 accomplishment
                 of
                 Marriage
                 .
                 He
                 did
                 also
                 deliver
                 
                 or
                 send
                 unto
                 her
                 an
                 Iron
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Golden
                 Ring
                 ,
                 to
                 express
                 that
                 lasting
                 Unity
                 which
                 should
                 be
                 between
                 the
                 marryed
                 couple
                 :
                 And
                 the
                 Spouse
                 did
                 place
                 it
                 upon
                 that
                 Finger
                 of
                 the
                 left
                 Hand
                 that
                 is
                 next
                 to
                 the
                 least
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 Vein
                 in
                 it
                 which
                 hath
                 a
                 direct
                 conveyance
                 to
                 the
                 Heart
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 they
                 did
                 appoint
                 a
                 Day
                 for
                 the
                 solemnity
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 superstitious
                 in
                 the
                 choice
                 of
                 the
                 Time
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 imagined
                 many
                 dayes
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Month
                 
                 of
                 May
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Nones
                 of
                 every
                 Month
                 ,
                 &c.
                 to
                 be
                 unfortunate
                 seasons
                 for
                 Marriage
                 .
                 Now
                 there
                 were
                 three
                 several
                 kinds
                 of
                 Marriages
                 :
                 
                   Vsu
                   ,
                   coemptione
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Confarreatione
                 ;
                 If
                 the
                 Woman
                 did
                 joyn
                 her self
                 to
                 a
                 Man
                 ,
                 with
                 ,
                 or
                 without
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 her
                 Parents
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 abide
                 with
                 him
                 constantly
                 one
                 year
                 
                 
                 without
                 interruption
                 ,
                 she
                 did
                 then
                 become
                 his
                 lawful
                 Wife
                 ,
                 usu
                 by
                 use
                 .
                 When
                 she
                 was
                 thus
                 marryed
                 ,
                 the
                 custom
                 did
                 oblige
                 the
                 Man
                 to
                 carry
                 her
                 away
                 ,
                 or
                 snatch
                 her
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 bosom
                 of
                 her
                 Mother
                 with
                 a
                 seeming
                 violence
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Virgin
                 did
                 fain
                 an
                 unwillingness
                 to
                 depart
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 the
                 ancient
                 mode
                 of
                 marrying
                 establisht
                 by
                 Romulus
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 
                 ravishment
                 of
                 the
                 Daughters
                 of
                 the
                 Sabines
                 .
                 The
                 next
                 manner
                 of
                 Marriage
                 ,
                 was
                 by
                 Buying
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Woman
                 did
                 bring
                 and
                 deliver
                 
                 to
                 the
                 Man
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 money
                 ,
                 using
                 a
                 certain
                 form
                 of
                 words
                 ,
                 to
                 require
                 his
                 consent
                 ,
                 which
                 He
                 did
                 declare
                 by
                 saying
                 volo
                 :
                 She
                 likewise
                 did
                 express
                 her
                 Will
                 by
                 the
                 same
                 word
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 man
                 took
                 her
                 into
                 his
                 Possession
                 ,
                 by
                 joyning
                 hands
                 .
                 This
                 ceremony
                 did
                 give
                 the
                 Woman
                 right
                 to
                 all
                 her
                 Husbands
                 Estate
                 ;
                 therefore
                 it
                 was
                 the
                 Custom
                 ,
                 when
                 she
                 did
                 enter
                 into
                 his
                 House
                 ,
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 
                   Vbi
                   tu
                
                 Caius
                 
                   ibi
                   ego
                
                 Caia
                 .
                 The
                 other
                 manner
                 was
                 
                 Confarreatione
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 married
                 couple
                 did
                 publickly
                 eat
                 together
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Consecrated
                 Bread
                 before
                 ten
                 witnesses
                 before
                 the
                 Altars
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 before
                 the
                 Chief
                 Priests
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 the
                 most
                 sacred
                 kind
                 of
                 joyning
                 in
                 marriage
                 .
                 Now
                 before
                 they
                 did
                 come
                 to
                 this
                 performance
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 
                 first
                 consult
                 the
                 Augures
                 ,
                 and
                 imploy
                 the
                 Soothsayers
                 ,
                 to
                 know
                 the
                 pleasure
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 Afterward
                 they
                 did
                 meet
                 to
                 acomplish
                 the
                 marriage
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 the
                 Virgin
                 did
                 commonly
                 appear
                 covered
                 with
                 a
                 yellow
                 *
                 Vail
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 the
                 man
                 with
                 a
                 Javelin
                 in
                 his
                 hand
                 .
                 With
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 it
                 he
                 did
                 part
                 the
                 hair
                 of
                 his
                 Spouses
                 head
                 ,
                 to
                 expres
                 how
                 she
                 did
                 enter
                 into
                 the
                 Protection
                 of
                 Juno
                 ,
                 unto
                 whom
                 that
                 weapon
                 
                 was
                 consecrated
                 .
                 After
                 these
                 ceremonies
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 Crown
                 the
                 Bride
                 with
                 Water-cresses
                 ,
                 and
                 cloath
                 her
                 with
                 a
                 short
                 Coat
                 ,
                 called
                 Tunica
                 ,
                 girding
                 her
                 about
                 with
                 a
                 woollen
                 Girdle
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 was
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 loosed
                 until
                 she
                 came
                 to
                 Bed.
                 Three
                 Bride-men
                 were
                 usually
                 appointed
                 to
                 conduct
                 her
                 home
                 ;
                 two
                 to
                 lead
                 her
                 ,
                 and
                 *
                 the
                 other
                 to
                 carry
                 the
                 Torch
                 of
                 White
                 thorn
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 Pine-tree
                 towards
                 the
                 evening
                 .
                 Plutarch
                 speaks
                 of
                 5
                 Torches
                 that
                 were
                 usually
                 carried
                 before
                 the
                 Bride
                 when
                 she
                 did
                 walk
                 to
                 her
                 Husbands
                 Dwelling
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 entrance
                 some
                 were
                 appointed
                 to
                 besprinkle
                 her
                 with
                 Water
                 ;
                 and
                 she
                 was
                 obliged
                 to
                 annoint
                 the
                 Posts
                 of
                 the
                 Dore
                 with
                 Oyl
                 .
                 Then
                 the
                 Bride-men
                 did
                 lift
                 her
                 over
                 the
                 Threshold
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Company
                 did
                 cry
                 out
                 with
                 a
                 lowd
                 voice
                 .
                 
                   Thalassio
                   ,
                   thalassio
                
                 ,
                 to
                 congratulate
                 her
                 arival
                 .
                 
                 In
                 her
                 going
                 thither
                 ,
                 the
                 Instruments
                 needful
                 to
                 spin
                 ,
                 were
                 carryed
                 with
                 her
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 might
                 not
                 flatter
                 her self
                 with
                 the
                 hopes
                 
                 of
                 an
                 idle
                 life
                 .
                 The
                 Keys
                 of
                 the
                 House
                 were
                 presented
                 to
                 her
                 at
                 the
                 entrance
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 might
                 thereby
                 understand
                 how
                 the
                 House
                 was
                 committed
                 to
                 her
                 Care
                 &
                 Government
                 .
                 
                 It
                 was
                 also
                 the
                 Custome
                 to
                 offer
                 to
                 the
                 Bride-groom
                 and
                 to
                 his
                 Bride
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 Water
                 and
                 Fire
                 .
                 At
                 their
                 arrival
                 the
                 Bride-groom
                 did
                 welcom
                 her
                 and
                 her
                 Friends
                 with
                 a
                 Supper
                 ▪
                 
                 
                 according
                 to
                 his
                 quality
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 the
                 Bride
                 wars
                 carryed
                 to
                 Bed
                 ,
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 several
                 Gods
                 leading
                 the
                 way
                 before
                 into
                 the
                 Chamber
                 .
                 The
                 next
                 day
                 her
                 Friends
                 did
                 send
                 unto
                 her
                 Gifts
                 and
                 Presents
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 called
                 
                   Nuptialia
                   dona
                
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 Husband
                 did
                 make
                 merry
                 with
                 his
                 Kindred
                 ;
                 this
                 was
                 named
                 Repatia
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 the
                 usual
                 manner
                 of
                 the
                 marrying
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
                 There
                 were
                 several
                 Laws
                 enacted
                 to
                 tie
                 Men
                 of
                 an
                 ancient
                 Nobilitie
                 to
                 not
                 disgrace
                 themselves
                 ,
                 by
                 marrying
                 with
                 the
                 Vulgar
                 sort
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Romulus
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 not
                 observe
                 so
                 much
                 Ceremony
                 in
                 Marriage
                 ;
                 For
                 the
                 Bride-groom
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Bride
                 did
                 declare
                 their
                 union
                 ,
                 and
                 perform
                 what
                 was
                 required
                 by
                 sharing
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Bread
                 &
                 Water
                 .
                 The
                 Lacedemonians
                 did
                 also
                 marry
                 ,
                 by
                 eating
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Bread
                 that
                 had
                 been
                 divided
                 by
                 a
                 Sword.
                 Some
                 other
                 Greeks
                 did
                 accomplish
                 this
                 business
                 ,
                 only
                 by
                 joyning
                 of
                 Hands
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 drinking
                 to
                 the
                 Bride
                 in
                 a
                 cup
                 of
                 Wine
                 :
                 But
                 all
                 Nations
                 have
                 observed
                 an
                 Order
                 and
                 Ceremony
                 in
                 Marriage
                 ,
                 without
                 which
                 ,
                 no
                 union
                 of
                 Man
                 and
                 Woman
                 was
                 lawful
                 .
                 The
                 Greeks
                 in
                 some
                 places
                 did
                 bring
                 the
                 Bride
                 
                 home
                 to
                 her
                 Husband
                 in
                 a
                 Chariot
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 at
                 the
                 dore
                 did
                 burn
                 it
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 how
                 she
                 ought
                 not
                 from
                 thence
                 forward
                 to
                 gad
                 too
                 much
                 abroad
                 .
                 Before
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 make
                 any
                 Contracts
                 of
                 Marriage
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 know
                 the
                 Virgins
                 Dowry
                 or
                 Portion
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 first
                 promised
                 by
                 the
                 Father
                 ,
                 All
                 Marriages
                 
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 were
                 performed
                 in
                 the
                 Evening
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 grew
                 dark
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 Divorcing
                 the
                 Roman
                 Wives
                 .
              
               
                 MArriage
                 is
                 a
                 Union
                 established
                 upon
                 a
                 mutual
                 Promise
                 of
                 Love
                 and
                 Loyalty
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 upon
                 the
                 Laws
                 of
                 Nature
                 .
                 Reason
                 and
                 Religion
                 do
                 recommend
                 unto
                 us
                 the
                 preservation
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 that
                 good
                 correspondency
                 which
                 proceeds
                 from
                 it
                 .
                 But
                 when
                 this
                 moral
                 union
                 is
                 dissolv'd
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 
                 by
                 an
                 apparent
                 breach
                 of
                 Promise
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 by
                 a
                 destruction
                 of
                 those
                 things
                 which
                 did
                 first
                 cause
                 and
                 entertain
                 it
                 ;
                 when
                 Chastity
                 ,
                 the
                 only
                 Principle
                 upon
                 which
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 union
                 is
                 grounded
                 ,
                 is
                 banisht
                 from
                 the
                 Marriage
                 Bed
                 ,
                 It
                 is
                 lawful
                 for
                 a
                 Man
                 to
                 dismiss
                 his
                 Wife
                 .
                 Christ
                 judged
                 it
                 so
                 ;
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 Laws
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 have
                 deem'd
                 it
                 necessary
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 case
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 way
                 to
                 a
                 Divorce
                 .
                 But
                 because
                 Men
                 might
                 not
                 upon
                 every
                 slight
                 occasion
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 frivolous
                 distaste
                 run
                 to
                 this
                 extremity
                 ,
                 the
                 Laws
                 have
                 provided
                 Ecclesiastical
                 Courts
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 only
                 able
                 to
                 Judge
                 of
                 the
                 Truth
                 of
                 such
                 Reports
                 and
                 Miscarriages
                 .
                 Amongst
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 the
                 Censors
                 only
                 did
                 declare
                 the
                 lawfulness
                 of
                 Divorces
                 ;
                 For
                 before
                 the
                 Woman
                 was
                 separated
                 
                 from
                 her
                 Husband
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 acquaint
                 these
                 
                 Magistrates
                 with
                 the
                 Reasons
                 of
                 their
                 Separation
                 .
                 Now
                 the
                 Authors
                 do
                 mention
                 two
                 kinds
                 of
                 Divorce
                 ;
                 the
                 one
                 before
                 marriage
                 ,
                 named
                 Repudium
                 ;
                 which
                 did
                 often
                 happen
                 when
                 the
                 Soothsayers
                 did
                 declare
                 any
                 Marriage
                 to
                 be
                 likely
                 unfortunate
                 .
                 In
                 such
                 a
                 case
                 ,
                 the
                 Form
                 of
                 words
                 used
                 by
                 the
                 Men
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 dismissing
                 of
                 the
                 Women
                 ,
                 was
                 
                   Conditione
                   tua
                   non
                   utar
                
                 .
                 The
                 other
                 kind
                 was
                 properly
                 called
                 Divortium
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 after
                 the
                 Marriage
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 solemnities
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 there
                 were
                 three
                 manner
                 of
                 Marriages
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 also
                 three
                 wayes
                 of
                 Divorcing
                 ▪
                 
                   Vsurpatio
                   usu
                   capionis
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 was
                 proved
                 that
                 the
                 Woman
                 married
                 usu
                 by
                 use
                 only
                 ,
                 had
                 been
                 absent
                 from
                 her
                 Husbands
                 Bed
                 three
                 nights
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 year
                 ;
                 It
                 was
                 lawful
                 for
                 any
                 ,
                 or
                 for
                 her
                 Parents
                 ,
                 
                   usurpari
                   eam
                
                 ,
                 
                 to
                 take
                 her
                 to
                 themselves
                 .
                 Diffarreatio
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 performed
                 in
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 Sacrifice
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 act
                 contrary
                 to
                 the
                 Confarreatio
                 .
                 〈◊〉
                 was
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Man
                 did
                 restore
                 unto
                 the
                 Woman
                 the
                 price
                 of
                 money
                 which
                 had
                 been
                 given
                 to
                 buy
                 him
                 .
                 The
                 Man
                 did
                 then
                 say
                 to
                 her
                 ,
                 
                   Res
                   tuas
                   tibi
                   habeto
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Res
                   tuas
                   tibi
                   agito
                
                 ,
                 meaning
                 her
                 
                   mundum
                   Muliebrem
                
                 ,
                 her
                 Cloaths
                 &
                 Goods
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 also
                 the
                 custom
                 in
                 such
                 cases
                 to
                 break
                 in
                 Pieces
                 the
                 Contracts
                 of
                 Marriage
                 ,
                 to
                 restore
                 
                 the
                 Dowry
                 ,
                 to
                 take
                 from
                 the
                 Woman
                 the
                 Keys
                 of
                 the
                 House
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 put
                 her
                 out
                 of
                 doors
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 CHAP.
                 IV.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Funerals
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 appears
                 by
                 the
                 Ceremonies
                 observed
                 at
                 the
                 Funerals
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 their
                 care
                 of
                 the
                 dead
                 Bodies
                 of
                 their
                 friends
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 some
                 small
                 hopes
                 of
                 a
                 Resurrection
                 from
                 the
                 dead
                 ;
                 otherwise
                 they
                 would
                 not
                 have
                 been
                 so
                 mindful
                 of
                 the
                 preservation
                 of
                 the
                 Ashes
                 of
                 the
                 deceased
                 ,
                 nor
                 so
                 Religious
                 in
                 causing
                 the
                 Relicks
                 of
                 the
                 dead
                 to
                 lie
                 peaceably
                 in
                 their
                 Graves
                 without
                 disturbance
                 .
                 However
                 the
                 corruption
                 of
                 the
                 Age
                 may
                 have
                 effaced
                 out
                 of
                 many
                 of
                 their
                 minds
                 the
                 expectation
                 of
                 that
                 wonderful
                 effect
                 of
                 Omnipotency
                 .
                 We
                 may
                 nevertheless
                 see
                 how
                 either
                 Nature
                 or
                 Reason
                 did
                 perswade
                 them
                 to
                 these
                 performances
                 and
                 Funeral
                 Rites
                 ,
                 which
                 do
                 suppose
                 a
                 Resurrection
                 from
                 the
                 dead
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 future
                 appearance
                 of
                 our
                 Bodies
                 .
                 This
                 may
                 better
                 appear
                 by
                 these
                 following
                 Customs
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 :
                 When
                 a
                 person
                 was
                 ready
                 to
                 expire
                 ,
                 all
                 his
                 Friends
                 and
                 Neighbours
                 did
                 throng
                 about
                 his
                 Bed
                 ;
                 the
                 nearest
                 in
                 blood
                 did
                 open
                 his
                 own
                 mouth
                 ,
                 and
                 receive
                 into
                 it
                 the
                 last
                 breath
                 of
                 his
                 expiring
                 friend
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 close
                 his
                 eyes
                 when
                 he
                 was
                 dead
                 .
                 Seven
                 dayes
                 were
                 commonly
                 appointed
                 to
                 keep
                 the
                 Body
                 before
                 they
                 did
                 burn
                 it
                 ;
                 during
                 this
                 
                 
                 time
                 all
                 the
                 Friends
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 meet
                 about
                 the
                 dead
                 body
                 ,
                 and
                 frequently
                 to
                 call
                 upon
                 him
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 Pollinctores
                 did
                 wash
                 it
                 carefully
                 over
                 with
                 clear
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 annoint
                 it
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 they
                 did
                 carry
                 the
                 deceased
                 to
                 the
                 entry
                 of
                 his
                 Gate
                 ,
                 placing
                 his
                 Feet
                 and
                 his
                 Face
                 towards
                 the
                 street
                 in
                 the
                 robes
                 that
                 did
                 become
                 his
                 degree
                 and
                 quality
                 ;
                 near
                 it
                 an
                 Altar
                 was
                 erected
                 ,
                 to
                 offer
                 Incen●e
                 for
                 the
                 Soul
                 of
                 the
                 deceased
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Doors
                 were
                 hung
                 with
                 some
                 expressions
                 of
                 Mourning
                 .
                 The
                 Noble
                 men
                 had
                 their
                 Gates
                 covered
                 with
                 Cypress
                 branches
                 ,
                 because
                 this
                 Tree
                 is
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Pluto
                 ;
                 and
                 because
                 it
                 is
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 nature
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 once
                 cut
                 ,
                 it
                 
                 will
                 never
                 bud
                 again
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 eighth
                 day
                 was
                 come
                 ,
                 they
                 sent
                 a
                 Cryer
                 about
                 to
                 invite
                 the
                 People
                 to
                 the
                 Funeral
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 called
                 
                   indicere
                   funus
                
                 .
                 When
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 were
                 ready
                 to
                 march
                 ,
                 the
                 dead
                 body
                 lying
                 upon
                 a
                 Bed
                 ,
                 adorned
                 according
                 to
                 his
                 ability
                 ,
                 was
                 carryed
                 out
                 :
                 The
                 poorer
                 sort
                 were
                 content
                 with
                 Feretra
                 ,
                 a
                 certain
                 Bier
                 .
                 Before
                 did
                 march
                 the
                 Siticines
                 ;
                 who
                 did
                 sound
                 with
                 a
                 Trumpet
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Pipe
                 :
                 They
                 were
                 followed
                 by
                 certain
                 Women
                 ,
                 called
                 Praeficae
                 ;
                 Their
                 business
                 was
                 to
                 sing
                 the
                 Praises
                 of
                 the
                 dead
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 lament
                 for
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 kindred
                 did
                 commonly
                 bear
                 the
                 body
                 to
                 the
                 appointed
                 place
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 deceased
                 was
                 rich
                 ;
                 otherwise
                 
                 certain
                 Men
                 ,
                 called
                 Vespillones
                 ,
                 or
                 Vespae
                 ,
                 did
                 perform
                 this
                 office
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Funerals
                 of
                 the
                 Nobility
                 ,
                 all
                 the
                 Ancestors
                 of
                 the
                 deceased
                 
                 made
                 of
                 wax
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 marks
                 of
                 honour
                 
                 which
                 he
                 had
                 deserved
                 in
                 his
                 Life
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 his
                 Manumissed
                 Servants
                 ,
                 did
                 go
                 before
                 the
                 Corps
                 in
                 great
                 State.
                 After
                 the
                 Body
                 the
                 next
                 kindred
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Heirs
                 of
                 the
                 dead
                 did
                 follow
                 in
                 *
                 Mourning
                 Apparel
                 :
                 The
                 Men
                 with
                 their
                 heads
                 covered
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 women
                 uncovered
                 in
                 their
                 hair
                 to
                 the
                 Rostra
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Heir
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 for
                 him
                 ,
                 did
                 declare
                 the
                 praises
                 of
                 the
                 Deceased
                 .
                 After
                 the
                 Oration
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 carry
                 the
                 Dead
                 Body
                 back
                 to
                 the
                 House
                 :
                 But
                 when
                 it
                 was
                 Enacted
                 ,
                 that
                 none
                 should
                 be
                 buryed
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 except
                 the
                 Vestal
                 Virgins
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 had
                 deserved
                 from
                 the
                 Publick
                 a
                 particular
                 esteem
                 by
                 their
                 worthy
                 and
                 Generous
                 behaviour
                 ,
                 that
                 custom
                 did
                 cease
                 .
                 VVhen
                 the
                 Body
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 buried
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 carry
                 it
                 from
                 the
                 Rostra
                 ,
                 to
                 a
                 Pile
                 of
                 flaming
                 wood
                 ,
                 raised
                 
                 on
                 purpose
                 ,
                 round
                 about
                 stood
                 the
                 People
                 ;
                 the
                 Body
                 was
                 placed
                 upon
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Heir
                 of
                 the
                 Deceased
                 with
                 his
                 Face
                 turned
                 from
                 the
                 Pile
                 ,
                 did
                 set
                 Fire
                 to
                 the
                 wood
                 with
                 a
                 Torch
                 ;
                 VVhiles
                 it
                 was
                 in
                 a
                 flame
                 ,
                 the
                 Praeficae
                 did
                 fill
                 the
                 Air
                 with
                 lamentable
                 outcries
                 ,
                 and
                 Songs
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 the
                 Dead
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Fire
                 they
                 did
                 cast
                 Gold
                 ,
                 Silver
                 ,
                 Garments
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 like
                 things
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Deceased
                 did
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 in
                 his
                 Life
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 also
                 the
                 custom
                 before
                 the
                 Fire
                 was
                 lighted
                 ,
                 to
                 open
                 the
                 eys
                 of
                 the
                 De●d
                 as
                 he
                 lay
                 upon
                 the
                 wood
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 shew
                 unto
                 him
                 the
                 Heavens
                 ,
                 putting
                 into
                 his
                 mouth
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Money
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 
                 
                 to
                 be
                 given
                 by
                 him
                 to
                 Charon
                 for
                 his
                 Passage
                 into
                 the
                 Elystan
                 Fields
                 .
                 As
                 the
                 Fire
                 was
                 burning
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 cause
                 *
                 Gladiators
                 or
                 Fencers
                 ,
                 to
                 fight
                 upon
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 satisfaction
                 to
                 the
                 Infernal
                 Gods.
                 This
                 vvas
                 stiled
                 Inferiae
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 for
                 the
                 same
                 purpose
                 they
                 did
                 execute
                 the
                 Slaves
                 and
                 Captives
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 the
                 Deceased
                 ;
                 But
                 when
                 they
                 vvere
                 vvanting
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 tear
                 their
                 own
                 skin
                 ,
                 and
                 cut
                 their
                 Bodies
                 to
                 please
                 the
                 Infernal
                 Spirits
                 .
                 Aftervvards
                 ,
                 this
                 effusion
                 of
                 Blood
                 vvas
                 prohibited
                 to
                 VVomen
                 ,
                 and
                 too
                 much
                 expression
                 of
                 sorrow
                 .
                 VVhen
                 the
                 vvood
                 vvas
                 consumed
                 ,
                 a
                 Priest
                 did
                 collect
                 the
                 Ashes
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 Bones
                 of
                 the
                 Dead
                 Body
                 ,
                 vvhich
                 he
                 did
                 three
                 times
                 sprinkle
                 or
                 purifie
                 vvith
                 fair
                 vvater
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 carefully
                 lay
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 Pitcher
                 ,
                 named
                 Vrnae
                 :
                 Aftervvards
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Mourning
                 VVomen
                 did
                 cry
                 out
                 vvith
                 a
                 loud
                 voice
                 ,
                 Ilicet
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 
                   ire
                   licet
                
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 lawful
                 to
                 depart
                 :
                 When
                 this
                 was
                 heard
                 ,
                 the
                 companie
                 did
                 take
                 their
                 farewel
                 of
                 the
                 Relicks
                 of
                 the
                 Deceased
                 ,
                 by
                 crying
                 three
                 times
                 ,
                 
                   vale
                   ,
                   vale
                   ,
                   vale
                
                 ;
                 adding
                 this
                 expression
                 ,
                 
                   we
                   shall
                   follow
                   thee
                   in
                   the
                   order
                   that
                   nature
                   shall
                   appoint
                   .
                
                 This
                 being
                 said
                 ,
                 they
                 departed
                 ,
                 either
                 to
                 their
                 Homes
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 the
                 House
                 of
                 the
                 Deceased
                 ,
                 
                 where
                 a
                 Supper
                 was
                 prepared
                 for
                 all
                 his
                 Friends
                 and
                 Relations
                 ;
                 and
                 sometimes
                 the
                 Heir
                 did
                 cause
                 some
                 raw
                 flesh
                 to
                 be
                 given
                 
                 to
                 the
                 Poor
                 ,
                 this
                 was
                 named
                 Visceratio
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 House
                 was
                 cleansed
                 by
                 the
                 Everricatores
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Vacation
                 time
                 was
                 appointed
                 for
                 the
                 
                 Domesticks
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Denicales
                   feriae
                
                 ;
                 Besides
                 ,
                 
                 the
                 Nobles
                 had
                 Playes
                 celebrated
                 for
                 their
                 sakes
                 ,
                 and
                 stately
                 Sepulchres
                 erected
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 their
                 Urns
                 were
                 placed
                 .
                 After
                 the
                 Funerals
                 ,
                 the
                 Widows
                 were
                 commanded
                 to
                 mourn
                 a
                 whole
                 year
                 ,
                 during
                 which
                 time
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 receive
                 another
                 Husband
                 ;
                 And
                 if
                 they
                 did
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 lyable
                 to
                 the
                 Law.
                 
                 
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 Owles
                 ,
                 Crows
                 ,
                 and
                 Ravens
                 were
                 unlucky
                 Birds
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 esteemed
                 the
                 fore-runners
                 of
                 Death
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                     —
                     ter
                     omen
                     —
                  
                   
                     Funereus
                     Bubo
                     ,
                     Lethali
                     carmine
                     fecit
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 V.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Apparel
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
              
               
                 NAture
                 recommends
                 unto
                 us
                 Apparel
                 ,
                 and
                 necessity
                 doth
                 oblige
                 us
                 to
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 protect
                 us
                 from
                 the
                 violence
                 of
                 the
                 heat
                 and
                 cold
                 :
                 But
                 Reason
                 and
                 Decency
                 have
                 taught
                 men
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 
                 Habits
                 ,
                 to
                 distinguish
                 them
                 &
                 their
                 Qualities
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 civilised
                 Nations
                 have
                 had
                 different
                 kinds
                 of
                 cloathing
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 degrees
                 of
                 men
                 among
                 them
                 None
                 but
                 the
                 Barbarians
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Savages
                 of
                 India
                 can
                 quarrel
                 at
                 this
                 laudable
                 custom
                 introduced
                 amongst
                 us
                 .
                 But
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 undertake
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 to
                 justifie
                 the
                 distinction
                 of
                 Apparel
                 from
                 the
                 childish
                 scofs
                 ,
                 and
                 ridiculous
                 aspersions
                 of
                 some
                 amongst
                 us
                 :
                 It
                 shall
                 suffice
                 to
                 tell
                 you
                 how
                 the
                 Men
                 and
                 Women
                 were
                 cloathed
                 amongst
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
                 These
                 were
                 the
                 most
                 noted
                 Robes
                 of
                 Men
                 ;
              
               
                 Pallium
                 was
                 a
                 Cloak
                 in
                 use
                 amongst
                 the
                 
                   Greeks
                   :
                   Palliolum
                
                 a
                 little
                 Cloak
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Amphitapae
                 ,
                 the
                 Vestments
                 having
                 a
                 Furr
                 on
                 both
                 sides
                 .
              
               
                 Sagum
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Coat
                 of
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 put
                 over
                 their
                 Armour
                 .
              
               
                 Chlamis
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 short
                 Coat
                 used
                 by
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 Children
                 .
              
               
                 Penula
                 ,
                 a
                 Cloak
                 for
                 the
                 Rain
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Abolla
                   ,
                   Laena
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Ricinium
                 were
                 garments
                 of
                 Soldiers
                 .
              
               
                 Subucula
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 wast-coat
                 or
                 shirt
                 .
              
               
                 Patagium
                 ,
                 a
                 precious
                 under
                 garment
                 .
              
               
                 Supparum
                 ,
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 Drawers
                 open
                 at
                 the
                 knees
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 the
                 Eastern
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Moors
                 do
                 wear
                 .
              
               
                 Carbasus
                 ,
                 a
                 rich
                 Cloak
                 .
              
               
                 Stragulum
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 garment
                 to
                 lie
                 upon
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Carpet
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
               
                 
                 The
                 first
                 Garments
                 were
                 made
                 of
                 Skins
                 .
                 The
                 Heathen
                 Worthies
                 are
                 often
                 represented
                 cloathed
                 with
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 cover
                 ng
                 ;
                 But
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 great
                 difference
                 in
                 the
                 Vestments
                 of
                 the
                 Ancient
                 Heathens
                 ;
                 the
                 Greeks
                 did
                 wear
                 a
                 Palliunt
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 thence
                 they
                 are
                 called
                 Palliat●
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 a
                 Gown
                 ,
                 Toga
                 ,
                 therefore
                 they
                 are
                 stiled
                 Togati
                 .
                 Some
                 of
                 the
                 Gauls
                 Britches
                 ,
                 which
                 gave
                 them
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Braochati
                 .
                 Every
                 Nation
                 did
                 scorn
                 to
                 borrow
                 their
                 Habit
                 from
                 anothers
                 invention
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 desired
                 that
                 our
                 English
                 Nation
                 had
                 the
                 same
                 generosity
                 ,
                 our
                 Tradesmen
                 would
                 not
                 send
                 so
                 often
                 into
                 
                   France
                   ▪
                
                 to
                 fetch
                 from
                 thence
                 their
                 ridiculous
                 Modes
                 .
                 Our
                 wise
                 Sovereign
                 deserves
                 no
                 small
                 commendation
                 to
                 have
                 put
                 a
                 stop
                 by
                 his
                 good
                 example
                 to
                 the
                 variable
                 &
                 continual
                 change
                 of
                 Habits
                 ,
                 which
                 did
                 render
                 us
                 ridiculous
                 to
                 all
                 our
                 Neighbours
                 .
                 I
                 could
                 wish
                 for
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 our
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Women
                 would
                 also
                 find
                 out
                 some
                 *
                 Mode
                 ,
                 as
                 might
                 so
                 
                 please
                 their
                 fancie
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 not
                 change
                 every
                 day
                 ,
                 and
                 enrich
                 the
                 needy
                 strangers
                 ,
                 when
                 so
                 many
                 skilful
                 and
                 expert
                 Natives
                 want
                 Bread
                 for
                 themselves
                 and
                 Families
                 ,
                 only
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 that
                 esteem
                 which
                 strangers
                 have
                 got
                 amongst
                 our
                 Ladies
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Romans
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Spaniards
                 did
                 wear
                 one
                 sort
                 of
                 Habit
                 ,
                 only
                 their
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 and
                 persons
                 of
                 Eminency
                 had
                 the
                 liberty
                 to
                 carry
                 in
                 their
                 garments
                 the
                 Badges
                 of
                 their
                 Office.
                 It
                 is
                 true
                 ,
                 in
                 War
                 they
                 did
                 take
                 a
                 
                 
                 sagum
                 ,
                 a
                 short
                 Coat
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 more
                 convenient
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 handle
                 their
                 Weapons
                 .
                 In
                 Peace
                 they
                 did
                 wear
                 their
                 Toga
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 honest
                 Women
                 a
                 long
                 garment
                 called
                 stola
                 :
                 
                 only
                 the
                 new
                 married
                 Women
                 of
                 ordinary
                 Estate
                 ,
                 did
                 wear
                 a
                 
                   Toga
                   pura
                
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 Youths
                 were
                 escaped
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 childhood
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 admitted
                 to
                 wear
                 this
                 
                   Toga
                   pura
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 also
                 sirnamed
                 
                   Recta
                   ,
                   Libera
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                 Virilis
                 .
                 The
                 Persons
                 of
                 Quality
                 did
                 cloath
                 it
                 with
                 much
                 Ceremony
                 and
                 rejoycing
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 the
                 custom
                 to
                 take
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 it
                 on
                 first
                 in
                 the
                 Market
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 the
                 Youth
                 who
                 was
                 stiled
                 Tyro
                 ,
                 did
                 carry
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 mony
                 into
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 the
                 God
                 of
                 Youth
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 did
                 when
                 Children
                 were
                 born
                 ,
                 to
                 
                 Ilithuya
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 die
                 ,
                 to
                 
                   Venus
                   Libitina
                
                 .
                 The
                 young
                 Princes
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 give
                 
                 Largesses
                 and
                 Playes
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 on
                 that
                 day
                 .
                 Seventeen
                 years
                 of
                 age
                 was
                 the
                 usual
                 time
                 to
                 take
                 this
                 Badge
                 of
                 Manhood
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 sooner
                 at
                 *
                 15
                 years
                 old
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 before
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Persons
                 were
                 eminent
                 in
                 quality
                 ,
                 
                 they
                 did
                 claim
                 to
                 themselves
                 more
                 liberty
                 than
                 the
                 common
                 in
                 this
                 case
                 .
                 Before
                 the
                 chi
                 dren
                 did
                 wear
                 a
                 Gown
                 bordered
                 with
                 a
                 Purple
                 Lace
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 it
                 was
                 called
                 Praetexta
                 .
                 The
                 young
                 Virgins
                 had
                 a
                 Garment
                 of
                 that
                 name
                 ,
                 until
                 they
                 were
                 married
                 ,
                 with
                 some
                 small
                 difference
                 in
                 the
                 make
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 
                   Roman
                   Magistrates
                
                 were
                 distinguished
                 also
                 
                 by
                 
                   Toga
                   Praetexta
                
                 .
                 Therefore
                 
                   Val
                   .
                   Max.
                
                 informs
                 us
                 ,
                 how
                 they
                 did
                 lay
                 down
                 their
                 Praetextam
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 was
                 their
                 Garment
                 of
                 Joy
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 about
                 so
                 sad
                 an
                 office
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 condemn
                 a
                 man
                 to
                 death
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Toga
                   purpurea
                
                 ,
                 was
                 an
                 Honourable
                 Gown
                 of
                 Purple
                 which
                 the
                 Roman
                 Senate
                 did
                 commonly
                 send
                 as
                 a
                 Present
                 to
                 Forrein
                 Princes
                 in
                 token
                 of
                 Friendship
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Toga
                   sordida
                
                 ,
                 was
                 in
                 use
                 amongst
                 the
                 Rascality
                 ,
                 who
                 could
                 not
                 be
                 at
                 the
                 charge
                 of
                 White
                 Gowns
                 .
                 And
                 when
                 any
                 Noble
                 Man
                 was
                 arraigned
                 for
                 his
                 life
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 appear
                 in
                 such
                 another
                 foul
                 sort
                 of
                 Garment
                 ,
                 to
                 move
                 his
                 Judges
                 to
                 pity
                 his
                 condition
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Toga
                   pulla
                   ,
                   atra
                
                 ,
                 or
                 lugubris
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 mourning
                 Gown
                 used
                 in
                 Funerals
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Empire
                 came
                 to
                 attain
                 to
                 its
                 greatest
                 power
                 ,
                 the
                 common
                 sort
                 did
                 wear
                 this
                 dark
                 sort
                 of
                 Garment
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 richer
                 another
                 called
                 
                   Candida
                   ▪
                
                 which
                 was
                 of
                 a
                 shining
                 vvhite
                 .
                 But
                 we
                 
                 find
                 that
                 th
                 s
                 latter
                 sort
                 was
                 carried
                 by
                 such
                 as
                 did
                 pretend
                 to
                 Offices
                 and
                 eminent
                 Imploys
                 in
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 .
                 That
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 might
                 understand
                 vvho
                 they
                 vvere
                 that
                 did
                 desire
                 the
                 Office
                 they
                 took
                 upon
                 
                 them
                 ,
                 
                   Toga
                   Candida
                
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 were
                 named
                 Candidati
                 :
                 Hence
                 it
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Competitor
                 or
                 a
                 Student
                 in
                 any
                 Science
                 ,
                 is
                 called
                 Candidatus
                 .
                 Their
                 custom
                 was
                 at
                 such
                 times
                 to
                 appear
                 humble
                 at
                 before
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 salute
                 every
                 one
                 ,
                 *
                 calling
                 him
                 by
                 his
                 name
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 the
                 better
                 know
                 the
                 proper
                 name
                 of
                 every
                 Roman
                 Citizen
                 ,
                 they
                 had
                 some
                 body
                 
                 acquainted
                 with
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 to
                 suggest
                 unto
                 them
                 the
                 names
                 ,
                 he
                 vvas
                 called
                 Nomenclator
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 besides
                 to
                 win
                 the
                 Peoples
                 favour
                 ,
                 distribute
                 Money
                 ,
                 vvhich
                 was
                 called
                 Congiarium
                 ,
                 by
                 certain
                 Men
                 named
                 sequestres
                 or
                 divisores
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 elected
                 by
                 their
                 suffrages
                 and
                 plurality
                 of
                 voices
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Toga
                   picta
                
                 ,
                 vvas
                 used
                 by
                 such
                 as
                 vvere
                 led
                 in
                 triumph
                 after
                 some
                 notable
                 exploits
                 and
                 and
                 glorious
                 victory
                 .
                 Besides
                 these
                 Gowns
                 ▪
                 there
                 vvas
                 also
                 
                   Toga
                   militaris
                
                 ,
                 vvhich
                 they
                 did
                 commonly
                 use
                 in
                 the
                 Field
                 vvhen
                 their
                 Armies
                 did
                 lie
                 in
                 the
                 Camp.
                 
                   Toga
                   domestica
                
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 short
                 kind
                 of
                 Govvn
                 proper
                 to
                 the
                 House
                 .
                 
                   Toga
                   forensis
                
                 ,
                 vvas
                 another
                 sort
                 proper
                 to
                 the
                 Lavvyers
                 .
                 It
                 seems
                 it
                 vvas
                 the
                 neatest
                 and
                 most
                 excellent
                 kind
                 ,
                 because
                 
                 they
                 vvere
                 called
                 by
                 excellency
                 ,
                 Togati
                 vvho
                 did
                 vvear
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Under
                 these
                 Govvns
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 vvear
                 a
                 Garment
                 named
                 Tunica
                 ,
                 a
                 close
                 Coat
                 much
                 like
                 unto
                 our
                 Doublets
                 vvith
                 long
                 skirts
                 ;
                 some
                 vvere
                 vvithout
                 Sleeves
                 ,
                 others
                 vvith
                 Sleeves
                 :
                 some
                 vvere
                 proper
                 to
                 the
                 Senators
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 laticlavia
                 ,
                 adorned
                 before
                 vvith
                 large
                 studs
                 of
                 Purple
                 like
                 Nail-heads
                 ;
                 
                 Others
                 did
                 belong
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 Knights
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Angusticlavia
                 ,
                 a
                 Garment
                 enriched
                 vvith
                 lesser
                 ornaments
                 than
                 the
                 former
                 .
                 *
                 The
                 ordinary
                 sort
                 vvere
                 plain
                 ,
                 only
                 such
                 as
                 vvere
                 intended
                 for
                 Women
                 ,
                 did
                 reach
                 to
                 the
                 heels
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 did
                 be
                 ,
                 
                 long
                 to
                 Men
                 ,
                 no
                 further
                 than
                 the
                 legg
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 little
                 lovver
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Palmata
                   tunica
                
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 beautiful
                 under-garment
                 sent
                 by
                 the
                 Senate
                 to
                 the
                 Princes
                 vvho
                 vvere
                 their
                 friends
                 and
                 neighbours
                 .
                 It
                 vvas
                 so
                 named
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 vvas
                 richly
                 adorned
                 vvith
                 Palm-leaves
                 of
                 Gold.
                 
              
               
                 Trabea
                 ,
                 vvas
                 an
                 honorable
                 garment
                 which
                 only
                 the
                 prime
                 Officers
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 did
                 vvear
                 .
                 It
                 vvas
                 like
                 unto
                 our
                 Gowns
                 of
                 State.
                 There
                 vvere
                 three
                 sorts
                 of
                 them
                 :
                 The
                 first
                 all
                 of
                 Purple
                 ,
                 vvas
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Gods.
                 The
                 second
                 ,
                 of
                 Purple
                 ,
                 vvith
                 a
                 mixture
                 of
                 White
                 ,
                 vvas
                 the
                 garment
                 of
                 Kings
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 them
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 vvhen
                 they
                 did
                 sit
                 in
                 their
                 Tribunals
                 in
                 the
                 Army
                 .
                 The
                 third
                 vvas
                 of
                 Scarlet
                 and
                 Purple
                 vvoven
                 together
                 .
                 The
                 Augures
                 vvere
                 cloathed
                 vvith
                 it
                 ,
                 vvhen
                 they
                 made
                 their
                 Observations
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Women
                 had
                 some
                 garments
                 ,
                 a
                 little
                 differenced
                 from
                 the
                 Mens
                 ;
                 as
                 their
                 Tunica
                 ,
                 vvhich
                 did
                 fall
                 dovvn
                 as
                 lovv
                 as
                 their
                 heels
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 also
                 vvear
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 Cloak
                 or
                 
                 Mantle
                 as
                 the
                 Men.
                 But
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 the
                 custom
                 of
                 judicious
                 people
                 ,
                 to
                 distinguish
                 the
                 tvvo
                 Sexes
                 by
                 different
                 kinds
                 of
                 Habit.
                 Therefore
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 Greece
                 ,
                 and
                 Kingdoms
                 of
                 Asia
                 ,
                 so
                 in
                 the
                 Roman
                 jurisdiction
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 the
                 VVomen
                 had
                 garments
                 peculiar
                 to
                 themselves
                 ,
                 more
                 for
                 ornament
                 than
                 for
                 action
                 .
                 Such
                 vvas
                 their
                 stola●
                 ,
                 vvhich
                 vvas
                 a
                 long
                 Petticoat
                 .
                 Indusium
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Smock
                 proper
                 
                 for
                 VVomen
                 ,
                 as
                 subucula
                 ,
                 a
                 Shirt
                 :
                 supparus
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 under
                 garment
                 by
                 vvhich
                 some
                 understand
                 a
                 Smock
                 .
                 Capitium
                 ,
                 vvas
                 an
                 ornament
                 of
                 the
                 head
                 .
                 †
                 Zona
                 ,
                 the
                 Girdle
                 vvhich
                 they
                 did
                 vvear
                 ,
                 until
                 they
                 vvere
                 married
                 ;
                 hence
                 comes
                 the
                 Phrase
                 
                   Zonam
                   solvere
                
                 ,
                 to
                 Deflour
                 a
                 Virgin.
                 *
                 *
                 *
                 *
                 Mitra
                 ,
                 vvas
                 an
                 ornament
                 of
                 the
                 Head
                 ,
                 proper
                 to
                 VVomen
                 .
                 Their
                 Hair
                 vvas
                 tyed
                 up
                 vvith
                 Ribbons
                 called
                 
                   F●sciae
                   ,
                   taeniae
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   vittae
                   .
                   Reticulum
                
                 vvas
                 another
                 attire
                 of
                 the
                 head
                 ;
                 as
                 
                 also
                 Ricae
                 or
                 reticulae
                 .
                 VVhen
                 they
                 vvent
                 to
                 be
                 married
                 ,
                 they
                 had
                 commonly
                 a
                 certain
                 Vail
                 called
                 Flammeus
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 our
                 Ladies
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 the
                 Roman
                 vvomen
                 vvere
                 careful
                 to
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 such
                 pleasant
                 ornaments
                 ,
                 as
                 might
                 rather
                 add
                 to
                 ,
                 than
                 diminish
                 from
                 their
                 Beauty
                 .
                 These
                 things
                 vvere
                 commonly
                 used
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 ,
                 Casona
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 Bodkin
                 for
                 the
                 head
                 ,
                 
                   acus
                   cum
                   margarita
                
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 long
                 Pin
                 vvith
                 a
                 Jevvel
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 the
                 Morisco
                 Ladies
                 do
                 vvear
                 in
                 
                   Barbary
                   .
                   Calamistrum
                
                 ,
                 vas
                 an
                 Instrument
                 made
                 to
                 frizle
                 the
                 Hair.
                 The
                 VVomen
                 did
                 commonly
                 adorn
                 their
                 Hair
                 vvith
                 Jevvels
                 and
                 Pearls
                 .
                 —
                 
                   Perque
                   caput
                   ducti
                   lapides
                   per
                   colla
                   per
                   armos
                   .
                
                 They
                 had
                 amongst
                 them
                 Tirewomen
                 named
                 Psecades
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Romans
                 did
                 vvear
                 2
                 kind
                 of
                 Shooes
                 Solea
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   calceus
                   .
                   Solea
                
                 vvas
                 like
                 the
                 Sandals
                 of
                 the
                 Capuchins
                 ,
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 a
                 shooe
                 tyed
                 vvith
                 leathern
                 straps
                 about
                 the
                 toes
                 and
                 heels
                 ;
                 It
                 is
                 called
                 Gallica
                 and
                 
                   crepidula
                   a
                   crepitu
                
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 noise
                 that
                 it
                 did
                 make
                 .
                 
                 The
                 Shooes
                 were
                 either
                 
                   Mullaei
                   ,
                   Lunulati
                   ,
                   Vncinati
                   ,
                   Perones
                
                 or
                 
                   Cathurni
                   .
                   Lunula
                   tricalcei
                
                 ,
                 were
                 certain
                 Shooes
                 that
                 did
                 represent
                 
                 upon
                 them
                 ,
                 or
                 under
                 them
                 ,
                 the
                 figure
                 C
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 half
                 Moon
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 only
                 proper
                 to
                 the
                 Senators
                 .
                 
                   Vncinati
                   calcei
                
                 ,
                 were
                 in
                 use
                 amongst
                 Soldiers
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 also
                 named
                 Caligae
                 .
                 Many
                 of
                 these
                 Shooes
                 did
                 come
                 up
                 the
                 leg
                 half
                 way
                 in
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 Boots
                 .
                 Some
                 were
                 adorned
                 with
                 precious
                 stones
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 ornaments
                 ;
                 others
                 were
                 plain
                 .
                 But
                 of
                 all
                 these
                 kinds
                 of
                 shooes
                 and
                 garments
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 more
                 in
                 Rosinus
                 and
                 Dempsterus
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VI.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Customs
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 in
                 Eating
                 .
              
               
                 
                 IN
                 every
                 country
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 difference
                 in
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 lying
                 down
                 ,
                 and
                 taking
                 those
                 things
                 which
                 are
                 necessary
                 for
                 our
                 sustenance
                 .
                 The
                 Turks
                 feed
                 sitting
                 ,
                 as
                 Taylors
                 .
                 The
                 Jews
                 did
                 lie
                 down
                 upon
                 Couches
                 made
                 on
                 purpose
                 ;
                 the
                 Europeans
                 do
                 commonly
                 eat
                 sitting
                 at
                 Tables
                 .
                 But
                 my
                 design
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 ,
                 is
                 only
                 to
                 describe
                 the
                 Roman
                 manner
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 mention
                 those
                 words
                 which
                 may
                 give
                 us
                 a
                 perfect
                 understanding
                 of
                 the
                 Authors
                 which
                 speak
                 of
                 their
                 Banquetiugs
                 and
                 Feasts
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 The
                 place
                 where
                 they
                 did
                 eat
                 ,
                 was
                 named
                 Coenaculum
                 ,
                 fron
                 Caena
                 ;
                 as
                 our
                 Dining-room
                 ,
                 from
                 Dinner
                 ;
                 because
                 the
                 Supper
                 was
                 the
                 chief
                 Meal
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 as
                 ou●
                 Dinner
                 is
                 ours
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 also
                 stiled
                 *
                 Triclinium
                 ,
                 from
                 three
                 Beds
                 which
                 were
                 placed
                 round
                 a
                 little
                 Table
                 standing
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 .
                 Before
                 Supper
                 they
                 did
                 commonly
                 wash
                 their
                 hands
                 and
                 face
                 ,
                 change
                 their
                 Cloaths
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 off
                 their
                 shooes
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 not
                 spoil
                 the
                 Beds
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Table
                 was
                 furnished
                 ,
                 the
                 Master
                 of
                 the
                 Feast
                 did
                 compell
                 all
                 those
                 that
                 were
                 invited
                 ,
                 to
                 sit
                 or
                 lay
                 down
                 ,
                 by
                 *
                 pulling
                 their
                 garments
                 with
                 some
                 kind
                 of
                 violence
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 interpreted
                 an
                 expression
                 of
                 kindness
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 sign
                 of
                 being
                 welcom
                 :
                 *
                 Whereas
                 if
                 this
                 action
                 was
                 performed
                 with
                 indifference
                 ,
                 and
                 without
                 earnestness
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 a
                 sign
                 that
                 the
                 Master
                 of
                 the
                 House
                 cared
                 not
                 for
                 the
                 company
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 one
                 .
                 Such
                 as
                 came
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 accord
                 without
                 invitation
                 to
                 a
                 Supper
                 ,
                 were
                 named
                 
                   Muscae
                   ,
                   flies
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Vmbrae
                 .
                 The
                 Guests
                 did
                 commonly
                 lay
                 upon
                 the
                 Bed
                 ,
                 leaning
                 upon
                 their
                 
                 left
                 elbow
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 upper
                 part
                 raised
                 up
                 .
                 There
                 were
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 on
                 every
                 Bed
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 at
                 the
                 upper
                 end
                 ,
                 the
                 next
                 had
                 his
                 head
                 leaning
                 in
                 the
                 others
                 breast
                 ,
                 so
                 was
                 it
                 of
                 the
                 third
                 .
                 In
                 publick
                 Feasts
                 where
                 many
                 hundreds
                 were
                 invited
                 ,
                 the
                 Couches
                 were
                 made
                 capacious
                 ,
                 and
                 fit
                 to
                 hold
                 four
                 five
                 at
                 a
                 Table
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 were
                 thus
                 ready
                 for
                 their
                 Victuals
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 adorn
                 their
                 heads
                 with
                 
                 Garlands
                 of
                 Roses
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 pleasant
                 flowers
                 ,
                 
                 to
                 refresh
                 the
                 Brain
                 ,
                 and
                 preserve
                 it
                 from
                 the
                 ill
                 consequences
                 of
                 the
                 excess
                 of
                 drinking
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 powerful
                 operations
                 of
                 the
                 Wine
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 also
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 gird
                 their
                 heads
                 with
                 Fillets
                 of
                 Wool
                 and
                 Linnen
                 ,
                 to
                 stop
                 the
                 Veins
                 of
                 the
                 Temples
                 which
                 do
                 convey
                 up
                 to
                 the
                 Brain
                 the
                 evil
                 vapours
                 that
                 do
                 disturb
                 it
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 sometimes
                 
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 Colewort-leaves
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 resolved
                 to
                 drink
                 much
                 ;
                 for
                 as
                 our
                 learned
                 Herbalist
                 hath
                 taken
                 notice
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 greater
                 enemy
                 to
                 Wine
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 the
                 operations
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 than
                 Colewort
                 ,
                 and
                 Cabbage
                 .
                 Their
                 supping
                 room
                 was
                 usually
                 adorned
                 with
                 the
                 Trophies
                 and
                 noble
                 relicks
                 of
                 their
                 Predecessors
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 other
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 House
                 
                 named
                 Atrium
                 ,
                 was
                 with
                 their
                 Images
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                     Vel
                     tibi
                     Medorum
                     pugnaces
                     ire
                     per
                     hostes
                  
                   
                     Atque
                     ornare
                     tuam
                     fixa
                     per
                     arma
                     domum
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 In
                 all
                 stately
                 Suppers
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 three
                 services
                 or
                 parts
                 ;
                 The
                 first
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Gustatio
                   Ant●●oena
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Promulsis
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 composed
                 
                 of
                 such
                 Dishes
                 as
                 did
                 whett
                 the
                 appetite
                 ,
                 and
                 prepare
                 the
                 stomach
                 for
                 more
                 corroborating
                 Meats
                 .
                 The
                 Fruits
                 most
                 in
                 season
                 ,
                 were
                 then
                 served
                 on
                 the
                 Table
                 ,
                 with
                 Eggs
                 ,
                 Salads
                 ,
                 Oysters
                 ,
                 Spraragus
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 The
                 second
                 Course
                 was
                 named
                 Coena
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 was
                 the
                 chief
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 supper
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Principal
                 Dish
                 of
                 it
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Caput
                   coenae
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   fundamentum
                   coenae
                
                 ;
                 as
                 the
                 first
                 was
                 the
                 Proemium
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 last
                 the
                 Epilogue
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 last
                 Course
                 they
                 did
                 present
                 upon
                 the
                 table
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 Cream
                 ,
                 but
                 especially
                 Apples
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 did
                 Eggs
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 .
                 *
                 Their
                 Suppers
                 were
                 so
                 ordered
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 convenient
                 time
                 between
                 each
                 Course
                 ,
                 to
                 discourse
                 of
                 pleasant
                 matters
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 to
                 mention
                 any
                 sad
                 accident
                 at
                 such
                 seasons
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 is
                 nothing
                 that
                 helps
                 Digestion
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 mirth
                 ,
                 and
                 nothing
                 is
                 a
                 greater
                 impediment
                 to
                 a
                 right
                 use
                 of
                 Meats
                 ,
                 than
                 sadness
                 ;
                 They
                 did
                 therefore
                 bannish
                 from
                 the
                 Table
                 all
                 melancholick
                 humours
                 .
              
               
                 
                 In
                 the
                 flourishing
                 state
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 they
                 were
                 very
                 expensive
                 in
                 their
                 suppers
                 .
                 Vitelli●
                 as
                 Suetonius
                 informs
                 us
                 ,
                 had
                 a
                 supper
                 where
                 ●
                 thousand
                 rare
                 and
                 forrein
                 Fishes
                 were
                 presented
                 upon
                 the
                 Table
                 ,
                 and
                 several
                 strange
                 
                 Birds
                 fetcht
                 from
                 the
                 strai
                 s
                 of
                 Gibraltar
                 ,
                 by
                 Galleys
                 sent
                 on
                 purpose
                 ,
                 to
                 transport
                 them
                 to
                 Rome
                 .
                 And
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 not
                 burden
                 their
                 stomachs
                 with
                 the
                 courser
                 sort
                 of
                 meats
                 ;
                 and
                 neglect
                 others
                 more
                 pleasing
                 to
                 their
                 pallats
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 sometimes
                 the
                 custom
                 in
                 the
                 entrance
                 of
                 supper
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 unto
                 every
                 one
                 a
                 little
                 Note
                 of
                 the
                 names
                 of
                 the
                 several
                 dishes
                 prepared
                 for
                 them
                 .
                 There
                 were
                 several
                 officers
                 appointed
                 at
                 Feasts
                 ,
                 named
                 
                   Magister
                   scribendi
                   ,
                   obsonij
                   ,
                   Diribitor
                   ,
                   Scissor
                   Chironomantae
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   carptor
                   .
                   Structor
                   obsonij
                
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Garnisher
                 of
                 the
                 Feast
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 adorn
                 the
                 Dishes
                 with
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Flowers
                 ,
                 and
                 pleasant
                 sights
                 .
                 It
                 seems
                 the
                 Carvers
                 and
                 Garnishers
                 
                 were
                 instructed
                 how
                 to
                 behave
                 themselves
                 with
                 ceremony
                 ,
                 by
                 persons
                 who
                 made
                 it
                 their
                 Profession
                 to
                 shew
                 such
                 as
                 would
                 learn.
                 Now
                 in
                 every
                 Feast
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 †
                 portion
                 for
                 
                 Mercurius
                 ,
                 whose
                 Image
                 was
                 placed
                 at
                 the
                 entry
                 of
                 many
                 Houses
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 already
                 taken
                 notice
                 .
                 And
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 please
                 
                 the
                 ears
                 with
                 grateful
                 sounds
                 ,
                 aswel
                 as
                 the
                 Pallate
                 with
                 dainty
                 meats
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 the
                 custom
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 Consort
                 of
                 Musick
                 ;
                 some
                 of
                 their
                 Instruments
                 were
                 named
                 Hydraulae
                 .
                 The
                 word
                 doth
                 make
                 many
                 conjecture
                 ,
                 that
                 water
                 did
                 contribute
                 to
                 the
                 sound
                 ;
                 but
                 I
                 rather
                 imagine
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 such
                 kind
                 of
                 Instruments
                 of
                 Musick
                 as
                 they
                 did
                 use
                 at
                 Sea
                 ,
                 to
                 encourage
                 men
                 to
                 fight
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 drownd
                 the
                 noise
                 of
                 the
                 dying
                 soldiers
                 .
                 Our
                 Trumpets
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 some
                 of
                 our
                 Na●ion
                 do
                 much
                 delight
                 ,
                 are
                 derived
                 from
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
                 
                   
                     Nam
                     veluti
                     resonante
                     diu
                     Tritone
                     canor●
                  
                   
                     Pellit
                     opes
                     collectus
                     aquae
                     victusque
                     movere
                  
                   
                     Spiritus
                     ,
                     &
                     long
                     as
                     emugit
                     buccina
                     vaces
                     .
                  
                
                 And
                 in
                 their
                 Feasts
                 they
                 had
                 pleasant
                 Boyes
                 out
                 of
                 Alexandria
                 ,
                 and
                 fair
                 Girls
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 them
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 delights
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 fancy
                 .
                 The
                 Girls
                 of
                 Cadiz
                 in
                 Spain
                 ,
                 were
                 famous
                 at
                 Rome
                 for
                 their
                 sportful
                 humour
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 express
                 in
                 great
                 Banquets
                 .
                 At
                 such
                 times
                 they
                 made
                 use
                 of
                 many
                 sorts
                 of
                 Vessels
                 to
                 drink
                 ;
                 It
                 was
                 a
                 common
                 custom
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 Horn
                 enricht
                 with
                 silver
                 ,
                 or
                 gold
                 ;
                 
                 but
                 their
                 common
                 drinking
                 vessels
                 were
                 made
                 
                 of
                 the
                 earth
                 of
                 the
                 Island
                 of
                 Samos
                 ,
                 of
                 Beech
                 tree
                 ,
                 of
                 Olive-tree
                 ,
                 of
                 Glass
                 ,
                 of
                 Crystal
                 ,
                 of
                 Amber
                 ,
                 of
                 Black-stone
                 ,
                 of
                 silver
                 ,
                 of
                 gold
                 ,
                 of
                 precious
                 stotes
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 dead
                 mens
                 skuls
                 .
                 This
                 last
                 kind
                 of
                 Drinking-vessels
                 was
                 in
                 use
                 ,
                 especially
                 
                 amongst
                 the
                 Scythians
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 barbarous
                 Nations
                 :
                 For
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 destroyed
                 their
                 enemies
                 ,
                 they
                 caused
                 their
                 skulls
                 to
                 be
                 cleansed
                 and
                 tipt
                 with
                 silver
                 ,
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 drink
                 in
                 .
                 This
                 insolent
                 custom
                 was
                 seldom
                 practis'd
                 ,
                 unless
                 it
                 be
                 amongst
                 the
                 Getae
                 ,
                 the
                 Hunni
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Northern
                 people
                 .
                 These
                 were
                 the
                 names
                 of
                 their
                 ordinary
                 drinking
                 vessels
                 ;
                 
                   Calices
                   pteroti
                
                 ,
                 or
                 pi●nati
                 ,
                 or
                 alati
                 ,
                 cups
                 with
                 ears
                 .
                 Trulla
                 ,
                 or
                 ●ruella
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 deep
                 and
                 a
                 large
                 cup
                 ,
                 proper
                 for
                 Husband-men
                 .
                 Phiala
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 lesser
                 cup
                 ▪
                 Cymbium
                 was
                 like
                 a
                 ship
                 ;
                 scyphus
                 was
                 another
                 sort
                 of
                 drinking
                 vessel
                 come
                 from
                 Greece
                 &c.
                 
                 They
                 had
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Wine
                 in
                 request
                 at
                 Rome
                 ;
                 some
                 Wine
                 they
                 did
                 perfume
                 with
                 smoak
                 ,
                 to
                 render
                 it
                 more
                 potable
                 and
                 pleasant
                 to
                 the
                 taste
                 ;
                 but
                 Plinius
                 doth
                 not
                 esteem
                 it
                 wholsome
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                     Nunt
                     mihi
                     fumosas
                     veteres
                     proferte
                     falernos
                  
                   
                     consulis
                     ,
                     &
                     Chio
                     solvite
                     vincla
                     cado
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 It
                 seems
                 they
                 did
                 preserve
                 their
                 Wine
                 a
                 very
                 long
                 while
                 with
                 smoak
                 ;
                 for
                 some
                 do
                 speak
                 of
                 wine
                 100
                 years
                 old
                 .
                 It
                 may
                 be
                 that
                 the
                 Wine
                 was
                 not
                 so
                 old
                 as
                 the
                 vessels
                 that
                 were
                 mark'd
                 with
                 such
                 a
                 Date
                 .
                 
                   Vinum
                   albanum
                
                 ,
                 was
                 very
                 
                 famous
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Vin
                   de
                   la
                   Ciudad
                
                 is
                 at
                 
                 
                   Paris
                   .
                   Cuidad
                
                 is
                 a
                 little
                 Canton
                 near
                 Mauseils
                 ,
                 
                 that
                 yields
                 most
                 excellent
                 Wine
                 ;
                 it
                 costs
                 at
                 Paris
                 twenty
                 shillings
                 a
                 Quart.
                 
              
               
                 From
                 the
                 Romans
                 is
                 come
                 the
                 custom
                 of
                 drinking
                 Healths
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 first
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 invocation
                 proper
                 to
                 their
                 Gods
                 and
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 whose
                 names
                 they
                 did
                 often
                 mention
                 amongst
                 their
                 merry
                 cups
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 good
                 wishes
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 conclusion
                 of
                 their
                 Meetings
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 drink
                 the
                 cup
                 of
                 their
                 good
                 genius
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 that
                 of
                 
                   Jupiter
                   sospitator
                
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 called
                 
                   Poculum
                   beni
                   dei
                
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                     This
                     custom
                     was
                     also
                     among
                     the
                     Greeks
                     .
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VII
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Romans
                 Assemblies
                 ,
                 appointed
                 for
                 Publick
                 Affairs
                 .
              
               
                 
                 THE
                 Roman
                 Assemblies
                 were
                 either
                 Concilia
                 ,
                 when
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 select
                 number
                 met
                 together
                 ;
                 or
                 Comitia
                 ,
                 when
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 were
                 called
                 to
                 the
                 meeting
                 .
                 Of
                 these
                 there
                 were
                 three
                 sorts
                 ;
                 
                   Curiata
                   ,
                   Conturiata
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Tributa
                 :
                 All
                 of
                 them
                 were
                 named
                 Caata
                 ;
                 
                 for
                 a
                 publick
                 Cryer
                 did
                 walk
                 about
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 to
                 warn
                 them
                 to
                 an
                 appearance
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 
                   Comitia
                   curiata
                
                 ,
                 was
                 when
                 the
                 People
                 were
                 separated
                 into
                 several
                 Parishes
                 ,
                 called
                 curiae
                 ,
                 to
                 consult
                 of
                 the
                 Publick
                 business
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 their
                 Votes
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 of
                 Rome
                 was
                 divided
                 into
                 thirty
                 curia's
                 or
                 Parishes
                 by
                 Romulus
                 ;
                 afterwards
                 the
                 number
                 did
                 increase
                 when
                 Rome
                 began
                 to
                 enlarge
                 its
                 bounds
                 and
                 Dominion
                 ;
                 Unto
                 every
                 Parish
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 publick
                 Hall
                 ,
                 a
                 Meeting-place
                 ,
                 or
                 Temple
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Parishioners
                 did
                 come
                 together
                 to
                 perform
                 their
                 devotions
                 to
                 their
                 Gods
                 ;
                 Over
                 every
                 Parish
                 an
                 eminent
                 person
                 was
                 appointed
                 ,
                 aswel
                 to
                 keep
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 in
                 order
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 Worship
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 duely
                 administred
                 .
                 These
                 Assemblies
                 were
                 first
                 appointed
                 by
                 Romulus
                 to
                 approve
                 of
                 the
                 Kings
                 ,
                 and
                 choose
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 for
                 the
                 Government
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 confirming
                 of
                 Wills
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 signed
                 in
                 their
                 presence
                 .
              
               
                 All
                 sorts
                 of
                 People
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 Parishes
                 ,
                 were
                 admitted
                 to
                 speak
                 their
                 minds
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 their
                 Votes
                 as
                 private
                 Men
                 ,
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 Senators
                 ,
                 and
                 generally
                 all
                 Free
                 men
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 live
                 within
                 the
                 bounds
                 of
                 the
                 Parishes
                 .
                 The
                 place
                 appointed
                 for
                 their
                 meeting
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 great
                 Hall
                 of
                 Justice
                 ,
                 called
                 comitium
                 ,
                 near
                 uuto
                 the
                 publick
                 Market
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 assemble
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 lawfully
                 called
                 by
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 ;
                 and
                 before
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 come
                 together
                 ,
                 three
                 Augures
                 were
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 Observations
                 ,
                 and
                 approve
                 of
                 their
                 meeting
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 business
                 ,
                 
                 they
                 were
                 also
                 to
                 be
                 present
                 .
                 But
                 in
                 case
                 any
                 sinister
                 accident
                 did
                 happen
                 ,
                 the
                 people
                 did
                 then
                 desire
                 the
                 chief
                 Magistrate
                 there
                 present
                 ,
                 intercedere
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 to
                 hinder
                 their
                 further
                 proceedings
                 for
                 that
                 time
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Romans
                 were
                 extreme
                 superstitious
                 in
                 the
                 observance
                 of
                 all
                 casualties
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Suffrages
                 anciently
                 were
                 delivered
                 
                   viva
                   voce
                
                 ;
                 but
                 since
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 Law
                 made
                 ,
                 to
                 express
                 every
                 ones
                 mind
                 in
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Wood
                 ,
                 called
                 Tabella
                 .
                 If
                 any
                 officers
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 chosen
                 ,
                 they
                 had
                 as
                 many
                 as
                 there
                 were
                 competitors
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 cast
                 in
                 a
                 po●
                 ,
                 that
                 upon
                 which
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 him
                 was
                 written
                 ,
                 whom
                 they
                 intended
                 to
                 favor
                 with
                 their
                 Vote
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 a
                 Law
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 enacted
                 ,
                 every
                 one
                 did
                 receive
                 two
                 Tabella's
                 from
                 the
                 Distributors
                 ,
                 named
                 Diribitores
                 ;
                 in
                 one
                 there
                 was
                 
                   V.
                   R.
                
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 
                   ut
                   Rogas
                
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 
                 other
                 was
                 a
                 great
                 A.
                 The
                 former
                 signifies
                 a
                 full
                 assent
                 to
                 what
                 was
                 required
                 ;
                 the
                 latter
                 intimates
                 the
                 contrary
                 :
                 for
                 the
                 letter
                 A
                 did
                 stand
                 for
                 Antiquo
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 cast
                 that
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 like
                 best
                 into
                 a
                 Chest
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 they
                 were
                 taken
                 to
                 be
                 numbred
                 by
                 the
                 Nongenti
                 ,
                 or
                 Custodes
                 ,
                 certain
                 men
                 appointed
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
                 The
                 voices
                 were
                 numbred
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 plurality
                 did
                 obtain
                 their
                 desires
                 .
                 The
                 common
                 Cryer
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 declare
                 what
                 had
                 been
                 decreed
                 ,
                 or
                 who
                 had
                 been
                 chosen
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 for
                 any
                 ,
                 except
                 the
                 chief
                 Magistrates
                 to
                 prefer
                 a
                 law
                 ,
                 only
                 the
                 Praetor
                 ,
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 the
                 Interrer
                 ,
                 
                 the
                 Decemviri
                 ,
                 the
                 Triumviri
                 ,
                 the
                 Dictator
                 ,
                 the
                 Tribunes
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 had
                 this
                 power
                 granted
                 unto
                 them
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 intended
                 any
                 such
                 business
                 ,
                 they
                 caused
                 their
                 Law
                 to
                 
                 be
                 well
                 written
                 in
                 Tables
                 ,
                 *
                 which
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 hung
                 publickly
                 three
                 Market
                 days
                 for
                 all
                 men
                 to
                 view
                 ,
                 and
                 consult
                 about
                 the
                 necessity
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 But
                 before
                 he
                 went
                 so
                 far
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 ask
                 the
                 advice
                 of
                 several
                 Men
                 experienced
                 in
                 the
                 Laws
                 and
                 Customs
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ;
                 He
                 did
                 sometimes
                 imploy
                 the
                 Augures
                 ,
                 to
                 see
                 how
                 the
                 Gods
                 would
                 approve
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 did
                 propose
                 the
                 matter
                 to
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 their
                 approbation
                 .
                 All
                 these
                 things
                 being
                 first
                 performed
                 ,
                 the
                 Magistrate
                 did
                 recommend
                 at
                 the
                 publick
                 meeting
                 the
                 Law
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 persuading
                 them
                 to
                 it
                 by
                 a
                 Speech
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 it
                 was
                 opposed
                 by
                 ▪
                 Men
                 of
                 a
                 contrary
                 judgement
                 :
                 After
                 that
                 the
                 business
                 had
                 been
                 sufficiently
                 examined
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 proceed
                 to
                 understand
                 the
                 will
                 of
                 the
                 
                 People
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 mean
                 while
                 it
                 was
                 lawful
                 for
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 to
                 forbid
                 the
                 examinacion
                 of
                 the
                 business
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 always
                 do
                 when
                 any
                 body
                 was
                 taken
                 with
                 the
                 Falling-sickness
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 :
                 or
                 when
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 did
                 †
                 observe
                 any
                 unlucky
                 sign●
                 in
                 the
                 Heavens
                 ,
                 or
                 when
                 the
                 Augures
                 di●
                 †
                 bring
                 word
                 of
                 any
                 unfortunate
                 omen
                 ,
                 as
                 o●
                 Thunder
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 always
                 esteemed
                 unhappy
                 When
                 the
                 Law
                 was
                 approved
                 in
                 thi●
                 manner
                 ,
                 it
                 vvas
                 graven
                 in
                 Tables
                 of
                 Brass
                 ,
                 an●
                 laid
                 up
                 in
                 the
                 Treasury
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 published
                 ,
                 by
                 affixing
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 places
                 of
                 resort
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Comitia
                   centuriala
                
                 ,
                 was
                 when
                 the
                 People
                 were
                 met
                 together
                 in
                 Centuries
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 their
                 Votes
                 :
                 Now
                 a
                 Century
                 was
                 an
                 hundred
                 Men
                 belonging
                 to
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 six
                 Classes
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 
                   Servius
                   Tullius
                
                 divided
                 the
                 Roman
                 People
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 done
                 according
                 to
                 every
                 mans
                 Estate
                 :
                 The
                 first
                 Classis
                 was
                 the
                 richest
                 and
                 the
                 most
                 sufficient
                 ;
                 for
                 none
                 was
                 admitted
                 into
                 it
                 ,
                 unless
                 he
                 was
                 worth
                 above
                 eight
                 hundred
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 as
                 every
                 man
                 of
                 the
                 second
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 worth
                 above
                 a
                 hundred
                 ,
                 so
                 proportionably
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 Classes
                 .
                 The
                 lowest
                 sort
                 of
                 People
                 were
                 named
                 
                   tenuis
                   census
                   homines
                
                 ,
                 men
                 of
                 a
                 small
                 Estate
                 .
                 In
                 every
                 Classis
                 were
                 many
                 Centuries
                 reckoned
                 ;
                 some
                 mention
                 139
                 in
                 all
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 were
                 assembled
                 ,
                 the
                 plurality
                 of
                 voices
                 in
                 the
                 Centurie
                 did
                 overcome
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 when
                 the
                 Votes
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Centuries
                 were
                 collected
                 ,
                 the
                 Plurality
                 did
                 also
                 carry
                 the
                 choice
                 .
                 Over
                 every
                 Century
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 
                 ●udicious
                 and
                 couragious
                 person
                 appointed
                 named
                 Centurio
                 ,
                 as
                 over
                 the
                 Militia
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 London
                 ,
                 in
                 every
                 Quarter
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 Captain
                 .
                 There
                 were
                 many
                 belonging
                 to
                 these
                 Centuries
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 not
                 dwell
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 ●ut
                 in
                 places
                 far
                 distant
                 from
                 it
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 called
                 together
                 to
                 elect
                 their
                 chief
                 Magistrates
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 Consuls
                 were
                 created
                 by
                 
                 ●hem
                 ,
                 the
                 Censors
                 ,
                 the
                 Praetors
                 ,
                 the
                 Pro●onsuls
                 ,
                 the
                 Tribun●s
                 ,
                 or
                 Colonels
                 of
                 the
                 
                 that
                 the
                 People
                 felt
                 themselves
                 overburdened
                 with
                 the
                 cruel
                 exactions
                 ,
                 and
                 grieved
                 with
                 the
                 severity
                 of
                 the
                 Nobles
                 ,
                 who
                 kept
                 not
                 to
                 the
                 golden
                 Rules
                 of
                 moderation
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 only
                 able
                 to
                 preserve
                 Peace
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 cast
                 off
                 all
                 respect
                 to
                 their
                 Superiours
                 ,
                 and
                 broke
                 out
                 into
                 an
                 open
                 Rebellion
                 .
                 But
                 all
                 dfferences
                 were
                 ended
                 again
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 People
                 had
                 obtained
                 such
                 priviledges
                 and
                 fundamental
                 Laws
                 as
                 might
                 secure
                 them
                 for
                 the
                 future
                 from
                 the
                 usur●●tion
                 of
                 the
                 better
                 sort
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 those
                 grievances
                 of
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 complain
                 .
                 The
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 continued
                 many
                 hundred
                 years
                 in
                 a
                 flourishing
                 estate
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 supposed
                 that
                 this
                 mixed
                 kind
                 of
                 government
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 main
                 helps
                 to
                 raise
                 it
                 to
                 that
                 excessive
                 power
                 unto
                 which
                 it
                 arrived
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 ;
                 for
                 when
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 way
                 open
                 for
                 every
                 one
                 to
                 assend
                 up
                 to
                 the
                 Supreme
                 Authority
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 Virtue
                 and
                 Courage
                 were
                 the
                 great
                 promoters
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 design
                 .
                 Every
                 one
                 who
                 had
                 a
                 little
                 ambition
                 in
                 him
                 ,
                 did
                 strive
                 to
                 excell
                 in
                 that
                 which
                 did
                 so
                 well
                 reward
                 its
                 owner●
                 with
                 Honour
                 and
                 Profit
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 all
                 endeavour
                 to
                 assend
                 as
                 near
                 the
                 highes●
                 march
                 of
                 Glory
                 ,
                 as
                 their
                 abilities
                 would
                 give
                 them
                 leave
                 ,
                 in
                 obliging
                 the
                 publick
                 Interest
                 by
                 brave
                 and
                 Worthy
                 exploits
                 .
                 But
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 Aristocracy
                 could
                 not
                 continue
                 fo●
                 ever
                 ;
                 for
                 in
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 ,
                 it
                 could
                 no●
                 be
                 but
                 that
                 some
                 Member
                 of
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 ,
                 
                 must
                 attain
                 to
                 a
                 superiority
                 in
                 Power
                 and
                 Riches
                 ,
                 which
                 when
                 it
                 was
                 popular
                 and
                 obliging
                 ,
                 it
                 must
                 needs
                 make
                 People
                 forget
                 the
                 liberty
                 to
                 which
                 they
                 were
                 born
                 ,
                 and
                 incensibly
                 bring
                 in
                 a
                 Monarchy
                 .
                 At
                 first
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 Potent
                 Empire
                 ,
                 it
                 could
                 not
                 but
                 meet
                 with
                 opposition
                 .
                 In
                 such
                 a
                 case
                 ,
                 what
                 ever
                 side
                 gets
                 the
                 Victory
                 ,
                 the
                 Publick
                 looseth
                 its
                 Freedom
                 ,
                 unless
                 the
                 opposition
                 be
                 managed
                 by
                 the
                 Publick
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 persons
                 of
                 integrity
                 be
                 intrusted
                 with
                 the
                 defence
                 of
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 not
                 intend
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 Fortunes
                 ,
                 rather
                 than
                 the
                 maintenance
                 of
                 the
                 universal
                 Interest
                 .
                 Therefore
                 ,
                 if
                 either
                 Pompey
                 ,
                 or
                 Brutus
                 had
                 overcome
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 imagined
                 by
                 all
                 rational
                 People
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 never
                 restored
                 unto
                 the
                 Romans
                 that
                 beloved
                 liberty
                 which
                 they
                 enjoyed
                 before
                 .
                 The
                 truth
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 then
                 the
                 Empire
                 was
                 grown
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Roman
                 Citizens
                 so
                 powerful
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 there
                 had
                 not
                 been
                 one
                 above
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 moderate
                 their
                 pretentions
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 them
                 from
                 Divisions
                 ,
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 had
                 been
                 often
                 troubled
                 vvith
                 civil
                 Wars
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 reaons
                 which
                 Agrippa
                 ,
                 a
                 wise
                 Counsellour
                 of
                 Augustus
                 the
                 Emperour
                 gave
                 unto
                 him
                 ,
                 to
                 dissuade
                 him
                 from
                 resigning
                 over
                 his
                 Supreme
                 Authority
                 to
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 People
                 .
                 We
                 do
                 all
                 acknowledge
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 can
                 be
                 no
                 Government
                 
                 so
                 happy
                 as
                 Monarchy
                 ;
                 When
                 the
                 Prince
                 and
                 People
                 understand
                 one
                 another
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 vvhen
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 mutual
                 correspondency
                 
                 
                 Army
                 ,
                 and
                 several
                 other
                 Officers
                 were
                 chosen
                 in
                 these
                 Assemblies
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 in
                 the
                 others
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 also
                 meet
                 to
                 Judge
                 of
                 crimes
                 committed
                 against
                 the
                 publick
                 safety
                 ,
                 
                 as
                 Treason
                 .
                 When
                 any
                 person
                 had
                 disgraced
                 the
                 Roman
                 name
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 Censor
                 had
                 taken
                 notice
                 of
                 him
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 blotted
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Roll
                 of
                 his
                 Century
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 no
                 more
                 liberty
                 to
                 give
                 his
                 Vote
                 in
                 these
                 Assemhlies
                 .
              
               
                 
                 They
                 did
                 all
                 meet
                 with
                 their
                 Weapons
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 in
                 a
                 place
                 dedicated
                 to
                 some
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 hallowed
                 by
                 the
                 Augures
                 .
                 The
                 
                   Campius
                   Martius
                
                 ,
                 a
                 large
                 spot
                 of
                 ground
                 given
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 by
                 
                   Caia
                   Terratia
                
                 a
                 Vestal
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 common
                 Rendezvouz
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 on
                 such
                 occasions
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 scituate
                 without
                 the
                 City
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 it
                 were
                 many
                 convenient
                 things
                 and
                 places
                 to
                 exercise
                 Youth
                 in
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Martial
                 sports
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Whiles
                 the
                 Roman
                 People
                 were
                 thus
                 assembled
                 in
                 Arms
                 about
                 the
                 Tent
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 their
                 chief
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 always
                 to
                 sit
                 there
                 as
                 a
                 Judge
                 or
                 President
                 ;
                 There
                 was
                 a
                 Flag
                 hung
                 out
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Janiculum
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Guard
                 of
                 armed
                 Men
                 placed
                 there
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Comitia
                   Tributae
                
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 assemblies
                 of
                 the
                 Wards
                 or
                 Quarters
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 meet
                 either
                 in
                 the
                 Field
                 of
                 Mars
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 the
                 Capitol
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Circus
                   Flaminius
                
                 ;
                 When
                 there
                 was
                 urgent
                 occasion
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 
                   Comitia
                   cen●uriata
                
                 or
                 curiata
                 ,
                 were
                 no●
                 
                 permitted
                 to
                 assemble
                 ,
                 either
                 because
                 of
                 the
                 unlawful
                 days
                 ,
                 or
                 because
                 of
                 some
                 ominous
                 signs
                 in
                 the
                 Heavens
                 that
                 did
                 threaten
                 them
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VIII
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Magistrates
                 .
              
               
                 ROME
                 was
                 at
                 first
                 a
                 Monarchy
                 .
                 Seven
                 Kings
                 successively
                 did
                 reign
                 ,
                 until
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Superbus
                
                 was
                 banisht
                 for
                 his
                 licentiousness
                 .
                 He
                 endeavoured
                 to
                 recover
                 again
                 his
                 Right
                 by
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 the
                 neighbour
                 Princes
                 ;
                 But
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 People
                 did
                 oppose
                 him
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 animosity
                 ,
                 that
                 He
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 his
                 Friends
                 lost
                 their
                 labour
                 in
                 compelling
                 them
                 to
                 receive
                 him
                 again
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 did
                 then
                 agree
                 to
                 govern
                 their
                 Affairs
                 partly
                 in
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 an
                 Aristocracy
                 ,
                 and
                 partly
                 as
                 a
                 Democracy
                 ;
                 For
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 Supreme
                 Magistrates
                 did
                 rule
                 but
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 People
                 had
                 a
                 hand
                 in
                 most
                 Affairs
                 of
                 consequence
                 .
                 So
                 that
                 as
                 the
                 Romans
                 were
                 composed
                 of
                 several
                 different
                 orders
                 of
                 Men
                 ,
                 it
                 could
                 never
                 submit
                 long
                 under
                 a
                 perfect
                 Aristocracy
                 ,
                 unless
                 it
                 had
                 degenerated
                 to
                 a
                 perfect
                 Tyranny
                 ,
                 as
                 Macchiavel
                 observes
                 upon
                 
                   T.
                   Livius
                
                 .
                 This
                 may
                 easily
                 appear
                 by
                 their
                 frequent
                 murmurings
                 ,
                 &
                 the
                 seditions
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ;
                 for
                 when
                 the
                 Aristocracy
                 did
                 gain
                 upon
                 the
                 Democracy
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 spondency
                 between
                 them
                 ,
                 of
                 Love
                 ,
                 and
                 Obedience
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Roman
                 Magistrates
                 were
                 either
                 Majores
                 or
                 Minores
                 .
                 The
                 ordinary
                 Magistrates
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 Division
                 ,
                 were
                 at
                 first
                 the
                 King
                 ,
                 the
                 Captain
                 of
                 the
                 Kings
                 Guard
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 the
                 Censors
                 ,
                 the
                 Praetors
                 ,
                 the
                 Generals
                 ,
                 the
                 Caesars
                 ,
                 the
                 Tribunes
                 ,
                 the
                 Governours
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 The
                 extraordinary
                 were
                 the
                 Interrex
                 ,
                 the
                 Dictator
                 ,
                 the
                 Master
                 of
                 the
                 Horse
                 ,
                 the
                 Decemviri
                 ,
                 the
                 Colonels
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 ,
                 intrusted
                 with
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Triumviri
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Under-Magistrates
                 commonly
                 chosen
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 Treasurer
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 the
                 Tribunes
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 the
                 Curats
                 or
                 Overseers
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Tribes
                 ,
                 the
                 Aediles
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 Thefe
                 sorts
                 we
                 shall
                 describe
                 in
                 order
                 with
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 under-Officers
                 chosen
                 upon
                 special
                 occasions
                 .
                 Whilst
                 the
                 Kings
                 reigned
                 in
                 Rome
                 there
                 was
                 an
                 absolute
                 Monarchy
                 ,
                 they
                 made
                 Laws
                 with
                 or
                 without
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 .
                 They
                 had
                 a
                 Guard
                 of
                 young
                 Soldiers
                 called
                 Celeres
                 ,
                 from
                 their
                 swiftness
                 ,
                 or
                 Trossuli
                 ,
                 or
                 Flexumines
                 ,
                 to
                 attend
                 upon
                 their
                 Persons
                 .
                 Their
                 Chief
                 Commander
                 was
                 named
                 Praefectus
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Tribunus
                   Celerum
                
                 .
                 He
                 was
                 next
                 in
                 place
                 and
                 dignity
                 to
                 the
                 King.
                 Besides
                 these
                 ,
                 the
                 Prince
                 had
                 12
                 Men
                 to
                 wait
                 upon
                 him
                 ,
                 called
                 Lictores
                 ;
                 their
                 Office
                 was
                 to
                 punnish
                 the
                 Offenders
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 in
                 execution
                 the
                 Kings
                 Commands
                 ▪
                 When
                 he
                 did
                 go
                 abroad
                 ,
                 these
                 Men
                 were
                 to
                 
                 march
                 before
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 carry
                 the
                 Fasces
                 ,
                 the
                 bundle
                 of
                 Rods
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Hatchet
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 bound
                 up
                 ,
                 and
                 appearing
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 different
                 kinds
                 of
                 Instruments
                 of
                 Justice
                 did
                 intimate
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 Offenders
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 chastised
                 with
                 milder
                 punnishments
                 with
                 Rods
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 ,
                 when
                 there
                 was
                 no
                 other
                 remedy
                 ,
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 cut
                 off
                 with
                 the
                 Hatchet
                 .
                 This
                 bundle
                 of
                 Rods
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Hatchet
                 ,
                 was
                 always
                 carried
                 before
                 
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Supreme
                 Magistrates
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
                 The
                 King
                 had
                 Ornaments
                 to
                 distinguish
                 him
                 from
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ;
                 for
                 He
                 was
                 cloathed
                 in
                 a
                 Purple
                 Gown
                 ,
                 when
                 He
                 did
                 do
                 Justice
                 ,
                 He
                 did
                 sit
                 in
                 a
                 Chair
                 of
                 State
                 ,
                 called
                 Curulis
                 ,
                 or
                 Eburnea
                 ,
                 of
                 Ivory
                 ,
                 with
                 his
                 Guard
                 of
                 lusty
                 
                 and
                 Noble
                 Youths
                 mentioned
                 before
                 ,
                 about
                 him
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 chosen
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 best
                 Families
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 recommended
                 by
                 the
                 Suffrages
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 to
                 wait
                 upon
                 the
                 Prince
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 armed
                 with
                 such
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 Weapon
                 as
                 His
                 Majesties
                 Pensioners
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Roman
                 Senate
                 was
                 first
                 elected
                 by
                 Romulus
                 ,
                 to
                 assist
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 management
                 of
                 the
                 Affairs
                 of
                 State
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 Government
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 whilst
                 He
                 was
                 imployed
                 in
                 the
                 continual
                 Wars
                 with
                 his
                 Neghbours
                 .
                 He
                 caused
                 an
                 hundred
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 sufficient
                 and
                 wisest
                 Men
                 to
                 be
                 chosen
                 out
                 of
                 every
                 Tribe
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 meet
                 together
                 about
                 the
                 Publick
                 business
                 ;
                 
                 this
                 Assemby
                 he
                 called
                 Senate
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 ,
                 when
                 his
                 Subjects
                 did
                 increase
                 by
                 
                 the
                 continual
                 coming
                 in
                 of
                 the
                 Malefactors
                 of
                 his
                 Neighbours
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 shelter
                 themselves
                 in
                 his
                 Asyle
                 from
                 the
                 pursuance
                 of
                 the
                 Justice
                 of
                 their
                 Countrey
                 ;
                 And
                 when
                 he
                 had
                 added
                 the
                 Subjects
                 of
                 Tatius
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Sabines
                 to
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 He
                 chose
                 one
                 hundred
                 more
                 of
                 the
                 noblest
                 Persons
                 
                 to
                 the
                 Senate
                 .
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Prisons
                
                 ,
                 to
                 ingratiate
                 himself
                 with
                 his
                 People
                 ,
                 admitted
                 one
                 hundred
                 more
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 then
                 there
                 were
                 three
                 hundred
                 in
                 all
                 .
                 About
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Caesars
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 above
                 a
                 thousand
                 Senators
                 :
                 They
                 were
                 sometimes
                 elected
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Plebeian
                 Families
                 ;
                 but
                 as
                 an
                 Author
                 informs
                 us
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 in
                 such
                 cases
                 to
                 be
                 first
                 enobled
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 Patricij
                 ,
                 before
                 they
                 could
                 be
                 admitted
                 .
                 The
                 usual
                 custom
                 was
                 ,
                 to
                 choose
                 a
                 Senator
                 when
                 any
                 was
                 wanting
                 ▪
                 either
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Equestrian
                 or
                 Patrician
                 Families
                 .
                 None
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 admitted
                 into
                 this
                 Venerable
                 Assembly
                 under
                 the
                 age
                 of
                 twenty
                 years
                 .
                 There
                 was
                 some
                 distinction
                 in
                 the
                 Senate
                 ;
                 some
                 were
                 called
                 
                   senatores
                   majoruus
                   gentium
                
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 of
                 the
                 Race
                 of
                 those
                 who
                 had
                 been
                 chosen
                 by
                 Romulus
                 .
                 Others
                 were
                 named
                 
                   senatores
                   minorum
                   gentium
                
                 ;
                 
                 such
                 were
                 of
                 the
                 Posterity
                 of
                 those
                 who
                 had
                 been
                 promoted
                 to
                 this
                 Honour
                 by
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Pris●us
                
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Kidgs
                 were
                 banished
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 all
                 called
                 
                   Patres
                   conscripti
                
                 .
                 The
                 Fore-man
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 been
                 appointed
                 by
                 the
                 Censor
                 ,
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 chosen
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 number
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 
                 been
                 a
                 Consul
                 or
                 Censor
                 ;
                 He
                 was
                 then
                 stiled
                 
                   Princeps
                   senatus
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 because
                 he
                 was
                 as
                 a
                 President
                 of
                 this
                 wise
                 Assembly
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 a
                 Venerable
                 Company
                 in
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 The
                 
                 Embassadors
                 o●
                 Pyrrhus
                 King
                 of
                 Epir●s
                 told
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Roman
                 Senate
                 ,
                 was
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Company
                 of
                 many
                 Kings
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 mig●t●ly
                 esteemed
                 all
                 over
                 the
                 world
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 a
                 great
                 crime
                 to
                 offer
                 an
                 affront
                 to
                 them
                 :
                 When
                 they
                 did
                 assemble
                 ,
                 
                 they
                 did
                 begin
                 their
                 Consultations
                 with
                 the
                 Invocation
                 of
                 〈◊〉
                 The
                 
                 Votes
                 of
                 the
                 major
                 part
                 did
                 govern
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Decree
                 was
                 made
                 ,
                 it
                 VVas
                 stiled
                 sonatusconsultum
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 never
                 meet
                 but
                 in
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 Sanctified
                 place
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 povver
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 vvas
                 not
                 alvvays
                 
                 the
                 same
                 ▪
                 In
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 the
                 Senate
                 did
                 act
                 vvithout
                 controll
                 ;
                 But
                 the
                 succeeding
                 Tyranny
                 of
                 the
                 E●peroms
                 destroyed
                 this
                 glorious
                 Assembly
                 .
                 Their
                 chief
                 business
                 vvas
                 to
                 dispose
                 of
                 all
                 Affairs
                 relating
                 to
                 the
                 publick
                 concerns
                 ,
                 only
                 the
                 enacting
                 of
                 Lavvs
                 ,
                 the
                 choice
                 of
                 Magistrates
                 and
                 the
                 undertaking
                 of
                 Wars
                 ,
                 vvere
                 left
                 to
                 the
                 common
                 People
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Senate
                 vvas
                 vvont
                 to
                 meet
                 tvvice
                 every
                 Month
                 ;
                 But
                 before
                 they
                 did
                 come
                 together
                 ,
                 the
                 Augures
                 vvere
                 appointed
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 Observations
                 .
                 When
                 their
                 opinions
                 vvere
                 required
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 rise
                 from
                 their
                 Seats
                 ,
                 and
                 pass
                 over
                 to
                 him
                 of
                 vvhose
                 
                 
                 Judgement
                 they
                 vvere
                 ,
                 and
                 vvhose
                 advice
                 vvas
                 asked
                 first
                 ;
                 from
                 hence
                 comes
                 the
                 Phrase
                 ,
                 
                   discedere
                   in
                   alicujus
                   sententiam
                
                 ,
                 to
                 become
                 of
                 another
                 mans
                 Opinion
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Members
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 had
                 committed
                 some
                 unvvorthy
                 action
                 ,
                 the
                 Censors
                 did
                 
                   ejicere
                   eum
                   senatu
                
                 ,
                 cast
                 him
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 .
                 And
                 vvhen
                 any
                 of
                 them
                 vvas
                 absent
                 ,
                 and
                 could
                 not
                 give
                 a
                 just
                 cause
                 of
                 his
                 absence
                 ,
                 he
                 vvas
                 sometimes
                 fined
                 to
                 pay
                 a
                 sum
                 of
                 Money
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Consuls
                 vvere
                 the
                 Supreme
                 Magistrates
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 Kings
                 had
                 been
                 bannished
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 chosen
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Noble-men
                 or
                 Patricij
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 Orders
                 of
                 Men.
                 The
                 People
                 in
                 their
                 General
                 Assemblies
                 ,
                 called
                 Comitia
                 ,
                 did
                 name
                 them
                 every
                 year
                 .
                 The
                 Law
                 did
                 prohibit
                 
                 any
                 to
                 be
                 Elected
                 under
                 the
                 age
                 42
                 ,
                 or
                 43
                 ;
                 And
                 before
                 that
                 they
                 could
                 pretend
                 to
                 this
                 high
                 dignity
                 ,
                 they
                 vvere
                 to
                 pass
                 through
                 all
                 the
                 meaner
                 Offices
                 of
                 the
                 Commonvvealth
                 .
                 It
                 vvas
                 no
                 difficult
                 business
                 for
                 such
                 a
                 one
                 ,
                 vvho
                 had
                 behaved
                 himself
                 vvell
                 in
                 his
                 imployments
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 obliged
                 the
                 Publick
                 by
                 his
                 generous
                 behaviour
                 ,
                 to
                 obtain
                 their
                 Voices
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 therefore
                 appears
                 the
                 Politick
                 Government
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 oblige
                 every
                 Magistrate
                 to
                 Justice
                 and
                 Equity
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 seek
                 the
                 satisfaction
                 of
                 the
                 Publick
                 ,
                 they
                 appointed
                 a
                 Subordination
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 offices
                 vvhich
                 vvere
                 at
                 the
                 disposal
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 if
                 in
                 the
                 meaner
                 offices
                 any
                 did
                 miscarry
                 for
                 
                 vvant
                 of
                 ability
                 ;
                 or
                 if
                 any
                 did
                 commit
                 Unjustice
                 ,
                 He
                 could
                 never
                 pretend
                 higher
                 at
                 the
                 next
                 Assemblies
                 .
                 None
                 vvas
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 chief
                 office
                 in
                 his
                 absence
                 ;
                 neither
                 vvas
                 any
                 to
                 continue
                 in
                 that
                 Office
                 above
                 a
                 year
                 ,
                 only
                 Marius
                 that
                 brave
                 Roman
                 General
                 ,
                 vvas
                 elected
                 seven
                 times
                 ,
                 and
                 once
                 he
                 was
                 chosen
                 vvhen
                 he
                 did
                 oppose
                 the
                 Cimbri
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Northern
                 People
                 ,
                 who
                 intended
                 the
                 Destruction
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 conquer
                 all
                 Italy
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 vvere
                 all
                 defeated
                 by
                 this
                 excellent
                 Commander
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 before
                 the
                 Consuls
                 did
                 enter
                 into
                 their
                 Office
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 Sacrifice
                 to
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 and
                 imploy
                 the
                 Augures
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 Observations
                 .
                 This
                 vvas
                 practised
                 by
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 Magistrates
                 at
                 their
                 first
                 admittance
                 into
                 their
                 Offices
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 marks
                 of
                 the
                 dignity
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 vvere
                 the
                 Bundles
                 of
                 Rods
                 carried
                 before
                 them
                 by
                 12
                 Serjeants
                 ,
                 as
                 before
                 the
                 King
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Sella
                   eburnea
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Chair
                 of
                 Ivory
                 ,
                 placed
                 upon
                 an
                 open
                 Chariot
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 named
                 
                   curulis
                   à
                   curru
                
                 .
                 The
                 Consuls
                 also
                 vvere
                 cloathed
                 vvith
                 a
                 Purple
                 Robe
                 called
                 
                   trabea
                   ▪
                
                 These
                 Consuls
                 did
                 command
                 the
                 Roman
                 Armies
                 ,
                 
                 dispose
                 of
                 the
                 Revenues
                 of
                 the
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 punnish
                 all
                 offendors
                 ,
                 call
                 the
                 Senators
                 together
                 ,
                 assemble
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 treat
                 vvith
                 forreign
                 Princes
                 ,
                 and
                 mannage
                 many
                 other
                 Affairs
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Censors
                 vvere
                 first
                 appointed
                 to
                 ease
                 the
                 Consuls
                 of
                 part
                 of
                 their
                 Burden
                 ;
                 for
                 
                 vvhen
                 the
                 Empire
                 began
                 to
                 flourish
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Enemies
                 of
                 it
                 began
                 to
                 multiply
                 ,
                 the
                 Consuls
                 were
                 continually
                 imployed
                 in
                 the
                 preservation
                 of
                 the
                 Publick
                 Interest
                 from
                 forreign
                 Invasion
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 forcing
                 the
                 Neighbour
                 Nations
                 to
                 yield
                 obedience
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 Eagles
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 could
                 not
                 mind
                 the
                 domestick
                 Affairs
                 :
                 Therefore
                 the
                 Censors
                 were
                 chosen
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 enabled
                 with
                 a
                 Power
                 not
                 much
                 less
                 than
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 .
                 Their
                 office
                 did
                 oblige
                 them
                 to
                 look
                 to
                 the
                 Publick
                 Revenues
                 ,
                 to
                 take
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 every
                 Citizens
                 Estate
                 and
                 ability
                 ,
                 to
                 correct
                 misdemeanors
                 and
                 publick
                 disgraces
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 able
                 to
                 depose
                 the
                 Senators
                 ,
                 to
                 degrade
                 the
                 Equites
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 from
                 them
                 their
                 Ornaments
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 commit
                 actions
                 unworthy
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 name
                 .
                 This
                 discipline
                 did
                 encourage
                 virtue
                 ,
                 and
                 prevent
                 the
                 mischiefs
                 which
                 Vice
                 doth
                 commonly
                 bring
                 upon
                 a
                 Nation
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 any
                 did
                 neglect
                 his
                 Patrimony
                 and
                 Estate
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 no
                 improvement
                 of
                 it
                 ;
                 or
                 if
                 any
                 did
                 suffer
                 his
                 ground
                 to
                 be
                 untill'd
                 ;
                 
                 or
                 if
                 any
                 was
                 not
                 well
                 furnished
                 with
                 Arms
                 and
                 necessaries
                 for
                 the
                 War
                 ;
                 Or
                 if
                 any
                 person
                 did
                 neglect
                 his
                 office
                 ,
                 and
                 spend
                 his
                 time
                 in
                 debauchery
                 ,
                 the
                 Censors
                 were
                 to
                 punish
                 them
                 according
                 to
                 their
                 deservings
                 .
                 By
                 this
                 means
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 did
                 flourish
                 ,
                 when
                 there
                 was
                 an
                 exact
                 care
                 taken
                 to
                 oblige
                 every
                 man
                 to
                 his
                 duty
                 and
                 imployment
                 .
                 Idleness
                 is
                 a
                 dangerous
                 Vice
                 in
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 that
                 
                 causeth
                 nothing
                 but
                 poverty
                 and
                 misery
                 .
                 I
                 could
                 wish
                 that
                 in
                 this
                 our
                 Countrey
                 some
                 order
                 might
                 be
                 taken
                 to
                 imploy
                 our
                 poorer
                 sort
                 of
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 drive
                 the
                 wealthier
                 from
                 the
                 Taverns
                 and
                 Ale-houses
                 ,
                 where
                 many
                 spend
                 their
                 days
                 and
                 Estates
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 strange
                 that
                 most
                 Corporations
                 do
                 svvarm
                 with
                 Beggers
                 ,
                 whereas
                 they
                 have
                 most
                 means
                 to
                 imploy
                 them
                 for
                 the
                 advantage
                 of
                 the
                 Publick
                 .
                 Our
                 Laws
                 are
                 as
                 good
                 as
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 much
                 conducing
                 to
                 the
                 universal
                 Interest
                 ,
                 But
                 our
                 Country
                 officers
                 ,
                 our
                 Mayors
                 of
                 Towns
                 ,
                 have
                 not
                 many
                 times
                 that
                 Generous
                 Spirit
                 in
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 their
                 Offices
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 general
                 Interest
                 requires
                 .
                 We
                 may
                 ascribe
                 to
                 the
                 Idleness
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Sloath
                 and
                 negligence
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 small
                 imployment
                 of
                 the
                 native
                 Commodities
                 of
                 our
                 Land
                 ,
                 all
                 the
                 evils
                 and
                 want
                 which
                 do
                 cause
                 our
                 murmurings
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Censors
                 did
                 continue
                 in
                 their
                 Offices
                 
                 five
                 years
                 compleat
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 often
                 as
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 take
                 a
                 view
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Censors
                 and
                 Members
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 If
                 any
                 was
                 left
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Roll
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 degraded
                 for
                 some
                 misdemeanor
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 no
                 little
                 Honor
                 to
                 be
                 named
                 first
                 omongst
                 the
                 Senators
                 and
                 the
                 Equites
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 named
                 
                   Principes
                   senatorum
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Equitum
                 .
                 The
                 Censors
                 were
                 also
                 to
                 take
                 care
                 of
                 the
                 Ornaments
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Temples
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 publick
                 Ways
                 and
                 Bridges
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 see
                 that
                 all
                 things
                 relating
                 to
                 the
                 Publick
                 Interest
                 ,
                 might
                 not
                 
                 suffer
                 any
                 dammage
                 .
                 Every
                 five
                 years
                 the
                 Censor
                 was
                 to
                 
                   Lustrare
                   exercitum
                   Romanum
                
                 ,
                 to
                 purge
                 by
                 Sacrifice
                 the
                 Army
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
                 The
                 custom
                 was
                 to
                 lead
                 a
                 Sow
                 ,
                 a
                 Bull
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 a
                 Ram
                 round
                 about
                 the
                 People
                 encampped
                 in
                 the
                 Field
                 of
                 Mars
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 to
                 Sacrifice
                 these
                 Beasts
                 to
                 this
                 God
                 of
                 VVar.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Praetors
                 were
                 appointed
                 instead
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 to
                 administer
                 Justice
                 to
                 the
                 Publick
                 .
                 Two
                 were
                 commonly
                 chosen
                 ,
                 
                   Praetor
                   major
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Vrbanus
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Affairs
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Citizens
                 ;
                 and
                 
                   Praetor
                   peregrinus
                
                 ,
                 or
                 minor
                 ,
                 to
                 do
                 Justice
                 to
                 strangers
                 .
                 Before
                 their
                 admittance
                 into
                 their
                 Offices
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 swear
                 to
                 observe
                 the
                 Laws
                 of
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 .
                 
                 The
                 number
                 of
                 these
                 Praetors
                 did
                 increase
                 in
                 the
                 flourishing
                 State
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 to
                 16
                 or
                 18.
                 
                 The
                 Praetors
                 did
                 judge
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Causes
                 ;
                 the
                 criminal
                 Causes
                 were
                 called
                 
                   Causae
                   capitales
                
                 .
                 The
                 Officers
                 of
                 the
                 Court
                 were
                 the
                 Lictores
                 ,
                 the
                 Scribes
                 ,
                 the
                 Accensi
                 or
                 Baylifs
                 ;
                 who
                 did
                 summon
                 the
                 people
                 to
                 appear
                 .
                 Their
                 Marks
                 of
                 Honour
                 were
                 a
                 Sword
                 and
                 a
                 Spear
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 placed
                 by
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 Court.
                 VVhen
                 they
                 first
                 did
                 enter
                 into
                 their
                 Offices
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 cause
                 several
                 Rules
                 or
                 Laws
                 to
                 be
                 written
                 in
                 a
                 Table
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 hang'd
                 out
                 in
                 publick
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 notice
                 to
                 every
                 one
                 how
                 the
                 Praetors
                 did
                 intend
                 to
                 Judge
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Edictum
                   Praetoris
                
                 .
                 At
                 last
                 ,
                 a
                 certain
                 Praetor
                 gave
                 Rules
                 for
                 the
                 rest
                 to
                 govern
                 themselves
                 by
                 in
                 the
                 administration
                 of
                 Justice
                 ;
                 
                 his
                 Edict
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Edictum
                   Perpetuum
                
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Sentence
                 was
                 given
                 against
                 any
                 man
                 ,
                 the
                 party
                 who
                 did
                 overcome
                 ,
                 did
                 lay
                 his
                 Hand
                 upon
                 the
                 looser
                 ,
                 or
                 upon
                 the
                 thing
                 in
                 dispute
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 use
                 this
                 form
                 of
                 words
                 ;
                 
                   Ego
                   hunc
                   hominem
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   hanc
                   rem
                   ex
                   jure
                   Quiritum
                   meum
                   ,
                   vel
                   meam
                   esse
                   dico
                
                 ;
                 then
                 the
                 Praetor
                 did
                 confirm
                 his
                 saying
                 ,
                 by
                 adding
                 addico
                 ,
                 I
                 do
                 so
                 adjudge
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Commonwealth
                 at
                 last
                 was
                 forced
                 to
                 yield
                 to
                 the
                 ambition
                 of
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Successors
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 chosen
                 Emperors
                 .
                 For
                 when
                 the
                 Civil
                 Wars
                 were
                 ended
                 ,
                 the
                 Senate
                 of
                 Rome
                 being
                 moved
                 by
                 the
                 Creatures
                 of
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 bestowed
                 upon
                 him
                 most
                 glorious
                 titles
                 of
                 Honour
                 and
                 Dignity
                 ,
                 and
                 established
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 Supreme
                 power
                 during
                 his
                 life
                 :
                 they
                 stiled
                 him
                 a
                 perpetual
                 Dictator
                 ,
                 the
                 Father
                 of
                 the
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 a
                 Consul
                 for
                 10
                 years
                 ,
                 
                   Sacrosanctus
                   ,
                   &
                   Imperator
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Holy
                 Person
                 ,
                 and
                 Emperor
                 .
                 This
                 last
                 name
                 had
                 been
                 given
                 after
                 some
                 notable
                 Victory
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 Generals
                 by
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 .
                 Augustus
                 added
                 another
                 Title
                 to
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ;
                 for
                 after
                 Him
                 they
                 were
                 named
                 Augusti
                 ,
                 a
                 Sir-name
                 proper
                 to
                 all
                 holy
                 and
                 sacred
                 places
                 and
                 things
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 also
                 called
                 
                   Pontifices
                   maximi
                
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 Pontifs
                 .
                 Their
                 power
                 was
                 far
                 greatet
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 Magistrate
                 before
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 did
                 what
                 they
                 pleased
                 ,
                 without
                 controll
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Princes
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 youth
                 ,
                 were
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 designed
                 for
                 Emperors
                 ;
                 They
                 were
                 
                 Honoured
                 with
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 most
                 Noble
                 Caesars
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 been
                 chosen
                 to
                 succeed
                 in
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 declared
                 worthy
                 of
                 that
                 Dignity
                 in
                 the
                 Senate
                 .
                 Augustus
                 brought
                 in
                 that
                 custom
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 observed
                 by
                 his
                 Successors
                 .
                 In
                 England
                 we
                 have
                 the
                 Princes
                 of
                 Wales
                 ,
                 who
                 succeed
                 in
                 the
                 Throne
                 to
                 our
                 Kings
                 .
                 In
                 France
                 the
                 Dauphin
                 ,
                 the
                 eldest
                 Son
                 of
                 the
                 French
                 King
                 ,
                 reigns
                 after
                 his
                 Father
                 .
                 Thus
                 in
                 Germany
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 the
                 Kings
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 elected
                 during
                 the
                 lives
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 to
                 succeed
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 Empire
                 .
                 The
                 Governor
                 of
                 the
                 
                 City
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 was
                 first
                 chosen
                 and
                 appointed
                 by
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 to
                 watch
                 over
                 ,
                 and
                 provide
                 for
                 the
                 Affairs
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 Unto
                 his
                 office
                 it
                 did
                 belong
                 to
                 examine
                 controversies
                 between
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 to
                 sit
                 as
                 a
                 Judge
                 at
                 the
                 publick
                 Playes
                 ,
                 to
                 do
                 Justice
                 to
                 Slaves
                 and
                 Bond-men
                 oppressed
                 by
                 the
                 cruelty
                 of
                 their
                 Masters
                 ;
                 to
                 have
                 an
                 eye
                 to
                 the
                 publick
                 Markets
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 concern
                 himself
                 with
                 all
                 crimes
                 committed
                 within
                 one
                 hundred
                 
                 miles
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 absence
                 of
                 the
                 ordinary
                 Magistrate
                 ,
                 before
                 Augustus
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 
                   Praefectus
                   Vrbis
                
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 only
                 power
                 when
                 the
                 King
                 or
                 Consuls
                 were
                 absent
                 in
                 the
                 War.
                 They
                 were
                 not
                 chosen
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 but
                 appointed
                 by
                 the
                 Consuls
                 to
                 
                 be
                 their
                 Lieutenants
                 in
                 their
                 absence
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 it
                 became
                 an
                 ordinary
                 office
                 ,
                 especially
                 
                 when
                 the
                 Emperors
                 departed
                 to
                 
                   Constantinople
                   ▪
                
                 
                 then
                 the
                 Governour
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 
                 was
                 as
                 a
                 Viceroy
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperours
                 Vicegerent
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Interrex
                 was
                 appointed
                 by
                 the
                 Senate
                 when
                 the
                 Kings
                 were
                 dead
                 ,
                 until
                 another
                 Prince
                 was
                 chosen
                 .
                 And
                 after
                 the
                 Kings
                 
                 had
                 been
                 expelled
                 ,
                 the
                 Title
                 and
                 Dignity
                 did
                 remain
                 ;
                 for
                 when
                 a
                 Magistrate
                 had
                 quitted
                 his
                 Office
                 ,
                 or
                 when
                 another
                 could
                 not
                 speedily
                 be
                 chosen
                 ;
                 or
                 when
                 the
                 Consuls
                 could
                 not
                 be
                 present
                 to
                 govern
                 in
                 the
                 Assemblies
                 .
                 The
                 Senate
                 did
                 appoint
                 an
                 Interrex
                 .
                 The
                 Dictator
                 was
                 chosen
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Senate
                 in
                 the
                 dangerous
                 times
                 of
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 ,
                 when
                 some
                 eminent
                 danger
                 did
                 threaten
                 the
                 state
                 :
                 He
                 had
                 a
                 far
                 greater
                 Power
                 than
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ;
                 He
                 was
                 named
                 
                   Magister
                   populi
                
                 :
                 There
                 was
                 no
                 appealing
                 from
                 his
                 sentence
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 ;
                 He
                 did
                 continue
                 in
                 his
                 Office
                 six
                 months
                 .
                 There
                 was
                 another
                 Officer
                 chosen
                 by
                 him
                 to
                 be
                 his
                 Lieutenant
                 in
                 his
                 absence
                 ,
                 He
                 was
                 
                 named
                 
                   Magister
                   equitum
                
                 .
                 The
                 Master
                 of
                 the
                 Horse
                 ,
                 because
                 in
                 the
                 War
                 he
                 did
                 command
                 the
                 Horse
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Dictator
                 the
                 Foot
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 may
                 see
                 in
                 
                   T.
                   Livius
                
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 worthy
                 of
                 our
                 observation
                 ,
                 that
                 these
                 Dictators
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 intrusted
                 with
                 such
                 an
                 uncontrollable
                 Authority
                 ,
                 did
                 never
                 abuse
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 prejudice
                 of
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 a
                 very
                 rare
                 thing
                 to
                 see
                 a
                 Citizen
                 of
                 Rome
                 punished
                 by
                 them
                 ,
                 either
                 
                 with
                 Death
                 or
                 Bannishment
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 The
                 Decemviri
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 enabled
                 with
                 the
                 Authority
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 only
                 to
                 make
                 and
                 establish
                 Laws
                 over
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 were
                 appointed
                 in
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
                 The
                 Kings
                 who
                 had
                 formerly
                 governed
                 ,
                 did
                 administer
                 Justice
                 according
                 to
                 their
                 pleasure
                 ;
                 But
                 when
                 the
                 Romans
                 saw
                 in
                 what
                 inconveniency
                 they
                 would
                 fall
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 had
                 not
                 Statutes
                 and
                 settled
                 Laws
                 to
                 govern
                 their
                 Magistrates
                 ;
                 they
                 chose
                 ten
                 Men
                 to
                 examine
                 the
                 Laws
                 of
                 the
                 Athenians
                 ,
                 and
                 cause
                 the
                 best
                 of
                 them
                 to
                 be
                 graven
                 upon
                 ten
                 Tables
                 of
                 Brass
                 ,
                 for
                 to
                 remain
                 as
                 the
                 standing
                 Rules
                 of
                 Government
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 two
                 Tables
                 more
                 were
                 added
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 called
                 Leges
                 12
                 Tabularum
                 .
                 These
                 Magistrates
                 did
                 succeed
                 on
                 another
                 in
                 the
                 Government
                 ;
                 for
                 every
                 one
                 had
                 the
                 supreme
                 Power
                 by
                 turns
                 :
                 But
                 they
                 were
                 put
                 down
                 about
                 three
                 years
                 after
                 their
                 establishment
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Consuls
                 did
                 succeed
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Tribunes
                 of
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 were
                 of
                 two
                 sorts
                 ;
                 some
                 did
                 govern
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 others
                 were
                 only
                 as
                 Colonels
                 in
                 the
                 Army
                 .
                 The
                 former
                 were
                 only
                 chosen
                 to
                 appease
                 the
                 murmurings
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 grumble
                 because
                 they
                 could
                 not
                 pretend
                 to
                 the
                 supreme
                 Magistracy
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Patricij
                 did
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Senate
                 did
                 oppose
                 the
                 election
                 of
                 Consuls
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Plebeian
                 Families
                 ;
                 therefore
                 to
                 content
                 the
                 Commonalty
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 suffer
                 some
                 to
                 be
                 elected
                 out
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 who
                 should
                 have
                 the
                 Authority
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 the
                 name
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 stiled
                 
                   Tribuni
                   militum
                   consulari
                   potestate
                   praediti
                
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Tribuni
                   militum
                
                 chosen
                 by
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 were
                 called
                 Rutuli
                 or
                 Rufi
                 ,
                 because
                 
                   Rutilius
                   Rufus
                
                 brought
                 in
                 that
                 custom
                 :
                 they
                 who
                 were
                 appointed
                 by
                 the
                 Army
                 ,
                 were
                 named
                 Suffecti
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 others
                 chosen
                 by
                 the
                 Commons
                 ,
                 were
                 stiled
                 
                   Comitiati
                   tribuni
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Triumviri
                 ,
                 were
                 of
                 many
                 sorts
                 ;
                 there
                 were
                 
                   Triumviri
                   capitales
                
                 ,
                 called
                 also
                 tresviri
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   treviri
                   capitales
                
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 as
                 our
                 High-Sheriffs
                 :
                 they
                 had
                 power
                 to
                 Imprison
                 ,
                 and
                 release
                 out
                 of
                 Prison
                 ;
                 they
                 did
                 also
                 pnnish
                 all
                 Malefactors
                 who
                 were
                 not
                 Romans
                 .
                 Eight
                 Bayliffs
                 did
                 commonly
                 attend
                 upon
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Triumviri
                   Minarij
                
                 ,
                 were
                 appointed
                 to
                 pay
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Publick
                 treasury
                 ,
                 money
                 to
                 satisfie
                 for
                 poor
                 mens
                 Debts
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Triumviri
                   coloniae
                   deducendae
                
                 ,
                 were
                 to
                 establish
                 the
                 Colonies
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 in
                 forreign
                 Nations
                 .
              
               
                 Triumviri
                 Monetales
                 ,
                 or
                 Triumviri
                 A.
                 A.
                 AE
                 .
                 F.
                 F.
                 as
                 Rosinus
                 
                   calls
                   them
                
                 ,
                 i.
                 e.
                 Auro
                 ,
                 Argento
                 ,
                 Aere
                 ,
                 Flando
                 ,
                 Feriendo
                 ,
                 
                   because
                   they
                   had
                   charge
                   of
                   the
                   Mint
                   ▪
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Triumviri
                   nocturni
                
                 ,
                 were
                 certain
                 men
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 to
                 go
                 the
                 Rounds
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 notice
                 when
                 Fire
                 did
                 break
                 out
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Triumviri
                   Reipub.
                   constituendae
                
                 ,
                 were
                 established
                 after
                 the
                 Massacre
                 of
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 ;
                 For
                 when
                 his
                 adopted
                 Son
                 Octavius
                 did
                 labour
                 
                 to
                 revenge
                 his
                 death
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 he
                 could
                 not
                 compass
                 his
                 design
                 ,
                 unless
                 Antonius
                 and
                 Lepidus
                 did
                 joyn
                 with
                 him
                 ;
                 He
                 concluded
                 an
                 agreement
                 with
                 them
                 to
                 govern
                 the
                 Empire
                 between
                 them
                 ;
                 to
                 divide
                 the
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 and
                 raise
                 an
                 Army
                 which
                 should
                 pursue
                 after
                 
                   M.
                   Brutus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Cassius
                 ,
                 the
                 two
                 most
                 powerful
                 murderers
                 of
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 :
                 they
                 pretended
                 to
                 settle
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 but
                 they
                 
                 filled
                 Rome
                 with
                 the
                 Blood
                 of
                 all
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 and
                 proscribed
                 130
                 Senators
                 .
                 The
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 continued
                 unto
                 them
                 the
                 supreme
                 Magistracy
                 with
                 full
                 power
                 for
                 five
                 years
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 could
                 not
                 oppose
                 them
                 ,
                 nor
                 their
                 proceedings
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 had
                 at
                 their
                 heels
                 two
                 well
                 furnished
                 Armies
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Quaestores
                   Vrbani
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Aerarij
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 publick
                 treasurers
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 a
                 Commission
                 to
                 keep
                 the
                 Riches
                 ,
                 and
                 receive
                 the
                 Revenues
                 of
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 from
                 the
                 Officers
                 of
                 the
                 Provinces
                 .
                 At
                 first
                 there
                 was
                 
                 two
                 appointed
                 ;
                 afterwards
                 two
                 more
                 were
                 chosen
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 to
                 accompany
                 the
                 Consuls
                 in
                 their
                 Expeditions
                 .
                 These
                 last
                 were
                 as
                 our
                 Commissary-Generals
                 ,
                 or
                 as
                 Treasurers
                 of
                 an
                 Army
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 were
                 to
                 provide
                 all
                 things
                 necessary
                 for
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 and
                 receive
                 the
                 In-comes
                 of
                 the
                 Provinces
                 ;
                 sell
                 and
                 dispose
                 of
                 the
                 Spoils
                 of
                 the
                 Enemy
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Generals
                 did
                 return
                 home
                 before
                 they
                 could
                 obtain
                 the
                 Honour
                 of
                 the
                 Triumph
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 bound
                 to
                 give
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 
                 the
                 Roman
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 vvho
                 had
                 been
                 slain
                 ,
                 to
                 these
                 
                   Questores
                   Vrbani
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Tribunes
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 vvere
                 first
                 estadlished
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 vvhen
                 the
                 Commons
                 had
                 been
                 forced
                 to
                 a
                 sedition
                 by
                 the
                 cruel
                 exactions
                 of
                 the
                 Nobles
                 .
                 They
                 assembled
                 upon
                 
                   Mount
                   Aventine
                
                 ,
                 and
                 sent
                 word
                 to
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 resolved
                 to
                 leave
                 their
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 settle
                 somevvhere
                 else
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 did
                 not
                 grant
                 unto
                 them
                 a
                 Discharge
                 of
                 all
                 Debts
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 Lavvs
                 as
                 might
                 for
                 the
                 future
                 shelter
                 them
                 from
                 the
                 unjust
                 usage
                 of
                 the
                 vvealthier
                 Citizens
                 ;
                 vvith
                 certain
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 vvhose
                 business
                 should
                 be
                 to
                 mind
                 the
                 good
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 .
                 The
                 danger
                 obliged
                 the
                 Senate
                 to
                 condescend
                 to
                 their
                 demands
                 :
                 tvvo
                 Officers
                 vvere
                 chosen
                 first
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Tribunes
                 ,
                 or
                 Colonels
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 ;
                 aud
                 therefore
                 they
                 vvere
                 named
                 
                   Tribuni
                   plebis
                
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 vvere
                 persons
                 Sacro-sancti
                 ,
                 most
                 holy
                 and
                 sacred
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 no
                 less
                 than
                 a
                 capitol
                 crime
                 to
                 offend
                 them
                 by
                 Word
                 or
                 Deed
                 :
                 They
                 who
                 had
                 been
                 so
                 daring
                 ,
                 were
                 by
                 the
                 Law
                 
                   homines
                   sacri
                
                 ,
                 devoted
                 or
                 condemned
                 
                   ipso
                   facto
                
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 sacrificed
                 to
                 the
                 Gods.
                 These
                 Tribunes
                 had
                 power
                 to
                 *
                 oppose
                 the
                 proceedings
                 &
                 Decrees
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 not
                 admitted
                 into
                 this
                 Venerable
                 Assembly
                 ,
                 but
                 had
                 their
                 places
                 at
                 the
                 entrance
                 of
                 it
                 when
                 any
                 Decree
                 had
                 been
                 made
                 ;
                 It
                 was
                 sent
                 to
                 them
                 to
                 receive
                 an
                 approbation
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 signifie
                 by
                 writing
                 upon
                 it
                 a
                 
                 Roman
                 T.
                 Their
                 number
                 did
                 increase
                 to
                 10
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Authority
                 also
                 became
                 greater
                 than
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 Institution
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 did
                 Enact
                 Laws
                 with
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 &
                 comit
                 many
                 disorders
                 to
                 the
                 prejudice
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 sometimes
                 they
                 were
                 nam'd
                 
                   Pestes
                   reipublicae
                
                 .
                 Their
                 Houses
                 were
                 open
                 both
                 day
                 and
                 night
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 serve
                 for
                 a
                 refuge
                 to
                 all
                 that
                 should
                 flie
                 unto
                 them
                 for
                 succour
                 .
                 And
                 whiles
                 they
                 were
                 in
                 that
                 Office
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 be
                 absent
                 a
                 day
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 
                 City
                 ,
                 except
                 in
                 the
                 Latine
                 Festivals
                 .
                 Thei●
                 Power
                 also
                 was
                 limited
                 within
                 the
                 walls
                 o●
                 Rome
                 :
                 They
                 could
                 not
                 concern
                 themselve●
                 with
                 things
                 acted
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 limits
                 of
                 th●
                 City
                 .
              
               
                 Aediles
                 ,
                 were
                 Magistrates
                 who
                 had
                 a
                 ca●
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 Temples
                 and
                 Publick
                 Houses
                 in
                 ●
                 good
                 repair
                 :
                 From
                 Aedes
                 therefore
                 Churches
                 and
                 holy
                 Houses
                 they
                 have
                 borrow●
                 their
                 title
                 Aediles
                 .
                 There
                 were
                 three
                 sort●
                 
                   Aediles
                   plebis
                
                 ,
                 were
                 Magistrates
                 under
                 th●
                 Tribunes
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 instituted
                 at
                 th●
                 same
                 time
                 as
                 the
                 former
                 .
                 Their
                 Office
                 d●
                 oblige
                 them
                 to
                 wait
                 upon
                 the
                 Tribunes
                 〈◊〉
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 to
                 judge
                 of
                 small
                 matters
                 ,
                 〈◊〉
                 restrain
                 the
                 violent
                 humours
                 of
                 Creditor●
                 to
                 limit
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 Drinking-houses
                 ,
                 〈◊〉
                 punish
                 railings
                 ,
                 and
                 small
                 offences
                 ;
                 to
                 so
                 to
                 the
                 Weights
                 and
                 Measures
                 ;
                 to
                 provi●
                 Corn
                 and
                 Oyl
                 for
                 the
                 Provision
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 to
                 cause
                 all
                 Publick
                 Houses
                 to
                 be
                 due
                 
                 repaired
                 ;
                 to
                 order
                 all
                 conveniences
                 for
                 publick
                 Sports
                 and
                 Plays
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 
                   Aediles
                   Curules
                
                 
                 were
                 chosen
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 former
                 were
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 :
                 their
                 Office
                 was
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 did
                 take
                 their
                 turns
                 :
                 One
                 year
                 the
                 
                   Aediles
                   plebis
                
                 did
                 govern
                 ,
                 the
                 next
                 the
                 Curules
                 ;
                 but
                 afterwards
                 they
                 observed
                 no
                 such
                 order
                 in
                 the
                 execution
                 of
                 their
                 Office.
                 There
                 were
                 also
                 in
                 
                   Rome
                   Aediles
                
                 
                 Cereales
                 ,
                 Magistrates
                 who
                 had
                 a
                 care
                 of
                 the
                 Corn
                 and
                 Victuals
                 sold
                 in
                 the
                 Market
                 .
                 Besides
                 these
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 certain
                 Persons
                 called
                 
                   Quatuorviri
                   viarum
                   curandarum
                
                 ,
                 Officers
                 appointed
                 by
                 theenate
                 to
                 see
                 that
                 the
                 Publick
                 wayes
                 might
                 be
                 well
                 Paved
                 .
                 These
                 
                 men
                 were
                 under
                 the
                 Censors
                 ,
                 unto
                 whose
                 office
                 the
                 care
                 of
                 the
                 publick
                 ways
                 did
                 belong
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 also
                 called
                 
                   Curatores
                   viarum
                
                 .
                 The
                 Keepers
                 of
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 Treasury
                 ,
                 were
                 established
                 first
                 by
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 saw
                 it
                 necessary
                 for
                 the
                 safety
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 to
                 mantain
                 constantly
                 a
                 certain
                 number
                 of
                 Legions
                 always
                 in
                 Arms
                 ,
                 that
                 his
                 ordinary
                 In-come
                 was
                 not
                 sufficient
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 he
                 could
                 find
                 no
                 other
                 way
                 to
                 furnish
                 the
                 Expences
                 ,
                 He
                 promised
                 to
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 Treasury
                 every
                 year
                 a
                 large
                 sum
                 of
                 money
                 ,
                 for
                 Himself
                 and
                 Successor
                 .
                 All
                 the
                 wealthiest
                 
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Princes
                 subject
                 to
                 his
                 command
                 ,
                 did
                 imitate
                 his
                 Example
                 :
                 But
                 when
                 this
                 was
                 not
                 yet
                 sufficient
                 ,
                 he
                 commanded
                 that
                 the
                 20
                 part
                 of
                 all
                 Inheritances
                 ,
                 and
                 Legacies
                 ,
                 left
                 to
                 persons
                 who
                 were
                 not
                 
                 
                 near
                 of
                 kin
                 to
                 the
                 deceased
                 ,
                 should
                 come
                 into
                 this
                 Treasury
                 .
                 He
                 appointed
                 three
                 persons
                 chosen
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Praetorian
                 Bands
                 to
                 keep
                 it
                 .
                 The
                 Captains
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 Guards
                 were
                 powerful
                 men
                 in
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 :
                 they
                 did
                 raise
                 and
                 depose
                 their
                 Masters
                 at
                 their
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 and
                 commit
                 many
                 Insolencies
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 many
                 times
                 they
                 did
                 loose
                 their
                 Heads
                 .
                 Praetorium
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Generals
                 Pavilion
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Princes
                 Pallace
                 ,
                 and
                 *
                 
                   Praetoriani
                   milites
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 Guard
                 ;
                 from
                 hence
                 their
                 Captain
                 is
                 stiled
                 
                   Praefectus
                   praetorio
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Praefectus
                   frumenti
                   dividendi
                
                 ,
                 was
                 an
                 Officer
                 appointed
                 by
                 Augustus
                 to
                 distribute
                 the
                 Corn
                 which
                 he
                 did
                 give
                 to
                 the
                 Publick
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Praefectus
                   vigilum
                
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Captain
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 Watch
                 :
                 For
                 there
                 were
                 several
                 Companies
                 divided
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 to
                 prevent
                 Sedition
                 and
                 Mutiny
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Commander
                 over
                 them
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 their
                 Captain
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Keeper
                 of
                 the
                 Kings
                 Exchequer
                 was
                 a
                 considerable
                 Officer
                 in
                 Rome
                 ;
                 He
                 was
                 named
                 
                 
                   Advocatus
                   Fisci
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                 As
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 did
                 enlarge
                 its
                 Bounds
                 ,
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 Officers
                 did
                 also
                 increase
                 every
                 year
                 .
                 The
                 People
                 and
                 Senate
                 did
                 send
                 their
                 Commissioners
                 to
                 execute
                 Justice
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Provinces
                 subject
                 to
                 their
                 Jurisdiction
                 .
                 At
                 first
                 ,
                 only
                 the
                 Praetores
                 were
                 required
                 ;
                 But
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 conquered
                 large
                 Kingdoms
                 ▪
                 they
                 reduced
                 them
                 into
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 and
                 appointed
                 that
                 such
                 as
                 should
                 
                 go
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Consulships
                 ,
                 should
                 depart
                 
                 into
                 these
                 large
                 and
                 Noble
                 Divisions
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 to
                 do
                 Justice
                 ,
                 and
                 mannage
                 the
                 publick
                 Affairs
                 of
                 Peace
                 and
                 War
                 ;
                 Then
                 these
                 Governours
                 were
                 stiled
                 Pro-consuls
                 ;
                 sometimes
                 they
                 had
                 an
                 Assistant
                 named
                 Praetor
                 ,
                 whose
                 office
                 was
                 to
                 do
                 Justice
                 in
                 the
                 Province
                 between
                 dissenting
                 parties
                 .
                 Now
                 in
                 the
                 flourishing
                 state
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 some
                 Kingdoms
                 vvere
                 Praetoriae
                 ,
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 Praetors
                 :
                 Others
                 vvere
                 Consulares
                 ;
                 for
                 such
                 as
                 vvere
                 of
                 a
                 Consuls
                 degree
                 .
                 Under
                 the
                 Emperors
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 some
                 Provinces
                 vvere
                 disposed
                 of
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 and
                 Senate
                 ;
                 the
                 Governors
                 of
                 these
                 vvere
                 called
                 Proconsules
                 ;
                 and
                 some
                 by
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 vvho
                 did
                 give
                 o
                 t
                 their
                 Commissions
                 to
                 their
                 Favourites
                 ,
                 named
                 Propraetores
                 .
                 Before
                 ,
                 vvhen
                 the
                 Consuls
                 
                 did
                 govern
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 *
                 agree
                 amongst
                 themselves
                 about
                 the
                 Provinces
                 unto
                 vvhich
                 they
                 vvere
                 to
                 repair
                 :
                 vvhen
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 their
                 Governing
                 vvas
                 expired
                 ,
                 or
                 vvhen
                 they
                 did
                 *
                 cast
                 Lots
                 for
                 the
                 Provinces
                 ▪
                 If
                 there
                 vvas
                 any
                 dangerous
                 War
                 to
                 mannage
                 ,
                 these
                 Pro-consu●s
                 did
                 choose
                 a
                 *
                 Legatus
                 ,
                 
                 unto
                 vvhom
                 vvas
                 given
                 a
                 Quaestor
                 ,
                 a
                 Treasurer
                 to
                 have
                 an
                 eye
                 upon
                 the
                 Expences
                 and
                 In-comes
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 .
                 The
                 Senate
                 did
                 send
                 these
                 Provincial
                 Magistrates
                 in
                 very
                 great
                 pomp
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 appoint
                 unto
                 them
                 their
                 Attendance
                 ,
                 Furniture
                 ,
                 Train
                 ,
                 Army
                 ,
                 Wages
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 They
                 did
                 alvvays
                 receive
                 a
                 golden
                 Ring
                 amongst
                 their
                 Furniture
                 ,
                 to
                 Seal
                 
                 
                 Letters
                 and
                 Dispatches
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 conceive
                 .
                 Their
                 Train
                 vvas
                 composed
                 of
                 Colonels
                 ,
                 Captains
                 ,
                 Notaries
                 ,
                 Serjeants
                 ,
                 Secretaries
                 ,
                 Bayliffs
                 ,
                 Cryers
                 ,
                 Executioners
                 ,
                 Interpreters
                 ,
                 Soothsayers
                 ,
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 kind
                 of
                 men
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 vvere
                 to
                 depart
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 go
                 up
                 to
                 the
                 Capitol
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 Vovvs
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 for
                 the
                 vvelfare
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 vvith
                 their
                 Lictores
                 ,
                 their
                 Officers
                 bearing
                 before
                 them
                 tvvelve
                 Hatchets
                 ,
                 and
                 bundles
                 of
                 Rods
                 ;
                 they
                 did
                 go
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 Paludati
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 cover'd
                 vvith
                 a
                 Cloak
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 Gate
                 they
                 were
                 complemented
                 by
                 all
                 their
                 friends
                 vvith
                 many
                 good
                 vvishes
                 .
                 As
                 soon
                 as
                 they
                 vvere
                 enter'd
                 into
                 their
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 begin
                 to
                 command
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Commission
                 of
                 the
                 former
                 Governours
                 did
                 end
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 IX
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Laws
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 many
                 particulars
                 relating
                 to
                 their
                 Judiciary
                 proceedings
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 is
                 not
                 possible
                 for
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Society
                 of
                 Men
                 to
                 live
                 vvithout
                 Lavvs
                 ;
                 Nature
                 ,
                 and
                 our
                 Interest
                 do
                 recommend
                 certain
                 Rules
                 of
                 behaviours
                 ,
                 upon
                 vvhich
                 much
                 of
                 the
                 happiness
                 of
                 a
                 Commonvvealth
                 depends
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 at
                 first
                 had
                 no
                 other
                 Lavvs
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Pleasure
                 and
                 Will
                 of
                 their
                 Princes
                 and
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 vvho
                 did
                 govern
                 
                 them
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 light
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Inclinations
                 ;
                 But
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 ruling
                 is
                 subject
                 to
                 mistakes
                 and
                 injustice
                 :
                 therefore
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 bene●it
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 necessary
                 that
                 the
                 Laws
                 should
                 be
                 written
                 .
                 The
                 12
                 Tables
                 were
                 famous
                 at
                 Rome
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 Supreme
                 Magistrate
                 did
                 recommend
                 a
                 Law
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 person
                 who
                 caused
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 published
                 .
                 It
                 would
                 be
                 too
                 tedious
                 a
                 work
                 to
                 mention
                 every
                 Law
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ;
                 several
                 learned
                 Lawyers
                 have
                 given
                 a
                 sufficient
                 account
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Baldunius
                   ,
                   Pomponius
                   ,
                   Manutius
                   ,
                   Prateus
                   ,
                
                 and
                 many
                 others
                 .
                 I
                 have
                 here
                 collected
                 the
                 Statutes
                 which
                 are
                 most
                 remarkable
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 concern
                 our
                 present
                 Estate
                 .
              
               
                 Papirius
                 caused
                 these
                 Laws
                 to
                 be
                 established
                 ;
                 that
                 nothing
                 should
                 be
                 done
                 without
                 some
                 adress
                 to
                 the
                 Gods.
                 That
                 none
                 but
                 the
                 Patri●ij
                 should
                 be
                 suffered
                 to
                 Sacrifice
                 ,
                 and
                 gov●rn
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 .
                 That
                 only
                 the
                 Kings
                 should
                 command
                 over
                 the
                 Worship
                 of
                 the
                 Gods.
                 That
                 the
                 Fables
                 of
                 their
                 Divinities
                 should
                 not
                 be
                 credited
                 .
                 That
                 no
                 forreign
                 God
                 should
                 be
                 Worshiped
                 within
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 besides
                 Faunus
                 .
                 That
                 none
                 should
                 offer
                 to
                 speak
                 Bawdy
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 Women
                 .
                 That
                 all
                 Murdrers
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 slain
                 .
                 That
                 none
                 should
                 offer
                 to
                 enter
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 but
                 by
                 the
                 Gates
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 Walls
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 esteemed
                 most
                 sacred
                 ▪
                 That
                 every
                 Woman
                 lawfully
                 joyned
                 in
                 Matrimony
                 
                 with
                 a
                 Man
                 ,
                 be
                 a
                 partaker
                 of
                 his
                 Estate
                 .
                 That
                 if
                 a
                 Wife
                 be
                 found
                 guilty
                 of
                 Adultery
                 ,
                 it
                 shall
                 be
                 lawful
                 for
                 the
                 Husband
                 ,
                 and
                 her
                 Relations
                 to
                 put
                 her
                 to
                 death
                 as
                 they
                 please
                 .
                 That
                 if
                 she
                 did
                 drink
                 Wine
                 she
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 punish
                 as
                 an
                 Adultress
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 for
                 the
                 Roman
                 Women
                 to
                 taste
                 of
                 Wine
                 ;
                 therefore
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 marry
                 ,
                 they
                 made
                 an
                 agreement
                 with
                 their
                 Husbands
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 that
                 liberty
                 at
                 certain
                 times
                 ;
                 as
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 brought
                 to
                 Bed
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 sick
                 ,
                 &c
              
               
                 It
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 for
                 a
                 Man
                 to
                 leave
                 his
                 Wife
                 ,
                 unless
                 she
                 were
                 guilty
                 of
                 a
                 grievous
                 crime
                 contrary
                 to
                 the
                 laws
                 of
                 Marriage
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 a
                 Child
                 did
                 offer
                 to
                 strike
                 his
                 Parent
                 ▪
                 he
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 devoted
                 ,
                 sacer
                 ,
                 or
                 sacrificed
                 to
                 the
                 God.
                 s
              
               
                 All
                 monstrous
                 creatures
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 slain
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 12
                 Tables
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 these
                 Laws
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 no
                 Roman
                 Citizen
                 should
                 be
                 condemned
                 to
                 die
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 the
                 Sentence
                 of
                 the
                 General
                 Assemblies
                 .
                 That
                 the
                 Command
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 should
                 be
                 a
                 Law.
                 That
                 if
                 a
                 Judge
                 should
                 take
                 a
                 Bribe
                 ,
                 He
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 punished
                 with
                 death
                 .
                 That
                 all
                 false
                 Witnesses
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 cast
                 down
                 the
                 Rock
                 Tarpeia
                 .
                 That
                 none
                 should
                 entertain
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 Publick
                 Meetings
                 in
                 the
                 Night
                 .
                 That
                 if
                 a
                 Roman
                 Citizen
                 did
                 encourage
                 the
                 enemy
                 against
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 or
                 did
                 betray
                 a
                 Citizen
                 ,
                 He
                 should
                 be
                 punished
                 with
                 the
                 loss
                 of
                 his
                 life
                 .
                 
                 That
                 a
                 Father
                 should
                 have
                 *
                 power
                 of
                 Life
                 and
                 Death
                 over
                 his
                 lawful
                 Child
                 .
                 That
                 every
                 Father
                 had
                 power
                 upon
                 his
                 Death-bed
                 to
                 bequeath
                 his
                 Money
                 to
                 any
                 body
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 appoint
                 †
                 Tutors
                 for
                 his
                 Children
                 .
                 If
                 any
                 did
                 
                 die
                 without
                 Will
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 a
                 Frensy
                 ,
                 the
                 Kindred
                 aud
                 Relations
                 were
                 to
                 take
                 charge
                 of
                 his
                 Estate
                 and
                 Children
                 .
                 That
                 if
                 any
                 was
                 a
                 Prodigal
                 ,
                 his
                 nearest
                 Kindred
                 should
                 govern
                 his
                 Estate
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Praetor
                 had
                 understood
                 his
                 behaviour
                 .
                 That
                 if
                 a
                 Child
                 was
                 born
                 within
                 ten
                 Months
                 after
                 the
                 Fathers
                 Death
                 ,
                 it
                 should
                 be
                 legitimate
                 ,
                 and
                 Heir
                 to
                 the
                 Estate
                 .
                 If
                 any
                 did
                 offer
                 Injury
                 to
                 another
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 punished
                 by
                 his
                 Purse
                 :
                 And
                 if
                 he
                 did
                 maim
                 him
                 in
                 one
                 of
                 his
                 Members
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 requited
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 
                 It
                 was
                 Enacted
                 by
                 Abenobardus
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Colledge
                 of
                 Priests
                 should
                 not
                 receive
                 indifferently
                 any
                 persons
                 into
                 their
                 Orders
                 ,
                 untill
                 the
                 People
                 had
                 sufficiently
                 approved
                 of
                 their
                 behaviour
                 and
                 honesty
                 .
                 It
                 would
                 not
                 be
                 amiss
                 if
                 this
                 Roman
                 Law
                 was
                 in
                 force
                 amongst
                 us
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 not
                 lawful
                 to
                 beat
                 a
                 Citizen
                 of
                 Rome
                 with
                 Rods
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 punish
                 him
                 
                   indicta
                   causa
                
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 before
                 he
                 came
                 to
                 a
                 hearing
                 .
                 The
                 Senators
                 were
                 commanded
                 by
                 the
                 Law
                 to
                 abstain
                 from
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 trading
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Tithe
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Corn
                 was
                 duly
                 paid
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 out
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Provinces
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 was
                 named
                 decumae
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Receivers
                 were
                 stiled
                 
                   decumani
                   ▪
                
              
               
               
                 
                 The
                 Romans
                 had
                 also
                 several
                 Laws
                 to
                 limit
                 the
                 prodigalities
                 in
                 publick
                 Feasts
                 .
                 They
                 commanded
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 ordinary
                 Banquets
                 ,
                 none
                 should
                 spend
                 above
                 ten
                 asses
                 ,
                 every
                 assis
                 being
                 worth
                 about
                 a
                 Penny
                 English
                 Money
                 .
                 They
                 had
                 a
                 Law
                 that
                 no
                 Wife
                 should
                 enjoy
                 above
                 a
                 quarter
                 part
                 of
                 her
                 dead
                 Husbands
                 Estate
                 .
                 And
                 for
                 the
                 better
                 understanding
                 of
                 the
                 Wills
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 were
                 Wills
                 called
                 
                   Testamenta
                   in
                   Praecinctu
                
                 made
                 by
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 in
                 the
                 Army
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 their
                 Comrades
                 ,
                 
                   Viva
                   voce
                   Testamenta
                   calatis
                   Comitiis
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 assembled
                 together
                 ;
                 and
                 
                   Testamenta
                   per
                   emanci
                   pationem
                   familiae
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 done
                 by
                 a
                 pretended
                 Sale
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 concerns
                 of
                 a
                 Family
                 ,
                 to
                 an
                 intimate
                 friend
                 of
                 the
                 Testator
                 ;
                 He
                 is
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 Lawyers
                 
                 
                   Haeres
                   fiduciarius
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Imaginarius
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 other
                 was
                 dead
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 then
                 
                   Pater
                   Fudiciarius
                
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 to
                 have
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 a
                 Father
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 Children
                 came
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 Age.
                 
              
               
                 Theeves
                 were
                 condemned
                 to
                 restore
                 fourfold
                 to
                 the
                 Owners
                 :
                 this
                 Law
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Lex
                   quadrupli
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Accusers
                 ,
                 Quadruplitores
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 any
                 had
                 stoln
                 so
                 much
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 ould
                 not
                 make
                 satisfaction
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 to
                 give
                 all
                 his
                 Goods
                 .
              
               
                 Their
                 manner
                 of
                 proceeding
                 in
                 Law
                 was
                 thus
                 :
                 First
                 ,
                 the
                 Plaintiff
                 having
                 caused
                 the
                 Defendant
                 to
                 be
                 warned
                 into
                 the
                 Courc
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 present
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 Petition
                 to
                 the
                 Judge
                 
                 that
                 his
                 cause
                 might
                 be
                 heard
                 before
                 him
                 ;
                 this
                 was
                 stiled
                 Postulatio
                 :
                 when
                 it
                 was
                 granted
                 ,
                 
                 he
                 did
                 proceed
                 to
                 
                   intendere
                   actionem
                
                 ,
                 or
                 litem
                 ;
                 or
                 he
                 did
                 
                   diem
                   dicere
                
                 ,
                 appoint
                 a
                 day
                 :
                 this
                 was
                 followed
                 by
                 an
                 engagement
                 of
                 the
                 Defendant
                 to
                 appear
                 ,
                 by
                 giving
                 a
                 Surety
                 ;
                 
                 when
                 the
                 day
                 o●
                 appearance
                 was
                 come
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 commonly
                 
                   dies
                   perendinus
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Plaintiff
                 was
                 obliged
                 to
                 †
                 swear
                 to
                 the
                 
                 Judge
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 did
                 not
                 accuse
                 the
                 Defendant
                 
                   calumniandi
                   gratia
                
                 ,
                 only
                 to
                 calumniate
                 him
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 day
                 of
                 examining
                 ,
                 the
                 accusation
                 both
                 parties
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 present
                 ,
                 unless
                 they
                 were
                 sick
                 ,
                 if
                 otherwise
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 *
                 loose
                 their
                 Cause
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Judge
                 did
                 give
                 out
                 †
                 an
                 Execution
                 against
                 the
                 party
                 ,
                 with
                 
                 an
                 order
                 to
                 seize
                 upon
                 his
                 Goods
                 .
                 But
                 before
                 the
                 final
                 Sentence
                 was
                 given
                 ,
                 the
                 Judges
                 did
                 *
                 cast
                 Lotts
                 ,
                 to
                 know
                 who
                 should
                 judge
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 Cause
                 ;
                 aud
                 then
                 if
                 the
                 Defendant
                 had
                 any
                 reason
                 to
                 think
                 that
                 such
                 Judges
                 would
                 be
                 partial
                 ,
                 he
                 had
                 liberty
                 to
                 †
                 except
                 
                 against
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 another
                 was
                 chosen
                 in
                 his
                 room
                 :
                 when
                 the
                 Judge
                 had
                 heard
                 the
                 cause
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 deliver
                 a
                 little
                 tabella
                 ,
                 where
                 was
                 written
                 either
                 a
                 Roman
                 C
                 for
                 condemnation
                 ,
                 or
                 A
                 for
                 absolution
                 ,
                 or
                 N
                 L
                 for
                 
                   non
                   liquet
                   ▪
                
                 
                 that
                 did
                 signify
                 ▪
                 that
                 the
                 Cause
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 heard
                 another
                 time
                 .
                 The
                 Grecians
                 had
                 also
                 three
                 Letters
                 to
                 express
                 the
                 Sentence
                 that
                 was
                 given
                 ,
                 ●
                 for
                 Condemnation
                 ,
                 T
                 for
                 Absolution
                 ,
                 and
                 A
                 for
                 a
                 Reprieve
                 .
                 Now
                 in
                 many
                 Courts
                 of
                 Justice
                 ,
                 a
                 Javeline
                 stood
                 at
                 
                 the
                 Bar
                 ;
                 they
                 did
                 also
                 set
                 up
                 the
                 same
                 Weapon
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 make
                 sale
                 of
                 any
                 Goods
                 :
                 therefore
                 
                   sub
                   hasta
                   vendere
                
                 ,
                 or
                 or
                 
                   praeconi
                   subjicere
                
                 ,
                 is
                 to
                 expose
                 publickly
                 Goods
                 to
                 Sale
                 by
                 a
                 Cryer
                 ;
                 the
                 Buyers
                 were
                 named
                 Sectores
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 signify
                 their
                 desire
                 of
                 Buying
                 by
                 
                   digitum
                   tollendo
                
                 ,
                 by
                 lifting
                 up
                 their
                 Finger
                 .
                 Their
                 ordinary
                 Money
                 was
                 As
                 ,
                 a
                 
                 Penny
                 ,
                 and
                 Sesterius
                 2
                 
                   d.
                   ob
                   .
                   Sestertium
                
                 ,
                 a
                 hundred
                 Sestertij
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 about
                 eight
                 or
                 nine
                 Pounds
                 English
                 money
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 number
                 their
                 Estates
                 and
                 Money
                 by
                 these
                 Sestertij
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   decem
                   sestertij
                
                 ,
                 ten
                 
                   sestertij
                   ;
                   decem
                   sestertium
                
                 1000
                 
                   sestertij
                   decies
                   sestertium
                
                 ten
                 hundred
                 thousand
                 sestertij
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 X.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Punishments
                 inflicted
                 upon
                 Offenders
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 lesser
                 Punishments
                 were
                 loss
                 of
                 Goods
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 either
                 the
                 loss
                 of
                 all
                 ,
                 named
                 
                   mulcta
                   suprema
                
                 ;
                 or
                 the
                 loss
                 of
                 part
                 ,
                 called
                 a
                 Fine
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   mulcta
                   minima
                   !
                   Capitis
                
                 
                 diminutio
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 degrading
                 of
                 a
                 Man
                 from
                 a
                 higher
                 Tribe
                 to
                 a
                 lower
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 either
                 minima
                 ,
                 or
                 media
                 ;
                 to
                 the
                 lowest
                 Tribe
                 or
                 a
                 dashing
                 of
                 his
                 name
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 Catalogue
                 :
                 this
                 was
                 
                   maxima
                   diminutio
                   Capitis
                
                 .
                 Sometimies
                 it
                 was
                 followed
                 by
                 a
                 Banishment
                 of
                 the
                 Offender
                 ,
                 unto
                 whom
                 
                   interdicebatur
                   
                   usus
                   aquae
                   &
                   ignis
                   ,
                
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 Water
                 and
                 
                 of
                 Wine
                 was
                 forbidden
                 .
                 The
                 other
                 severer
                 punishments
                 ,
                 were
                 
                   Furca
                   ,
                   Crux
                   ,
                   Carcer
                   ,
                   Culeus
                   ,
                   Equuleus
                   ,
                   Scala
                   ,
                   Gemoniae
                   ,
                
                 &c.
                 
                 This
                 we
                 must
                 note
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 the
                 Offenders
                 were
                 led
                 to
                 Execution
                 without
                 the
                 Gates
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 a
                 little
                 Bell
                 was
                 tyed
                 about
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 notice
                 to
                 every
                 one
                 to
                 stand
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 way
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 not
                 defile
                 themselves
                 by
                 touching
                 such
                 a
                 one
                 .
              
               
                 Furca
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 common
                 punishment
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ;
                 they
                 did
                 imploy
                 it
                 to
                 disgrace
                 an
                 Offender
                 ,
                 either
                 by
                 obliging
                 him
                 only
                 to
                 carry
                 it
                 about
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 or
                 ✚
                 by
                 whipping
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 .
                 These
                 kind
                 of
                 People
                 ,
                 whose
                 unhappiness
                 it
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 thus
                 treated
                 ,
                 were
                 named
                 afterward
                 Furciferes
                 :
                 they
                 did
                 also
                 imploy
                 the
                 Furca
                 in
                 punishing
                 to
                 death
                 ;
                 the
                 poor
                 Miscreant
                 did
                 bear
                 it
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 to
                 the
                 place
                 appointed
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 certain
                 stages
                 the
                 Executioner
                 did
                 make
                 him
                 feel
                 the
                 smart
                 of
                 his
                 Rods
                 ;
                 when
                 he
                 was
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 fatal
                 place
                 ,
                 the
                 Executioner
                 did
                 chop
                 off
                 his
                 Head.
                 Now
                 this
                 Furca
                 was
                 two
                 Beams
                 joyned
                 together
                 ,
                 either
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 the
                 top
                 .
                 
                   Justus
                   Lipsius
                
                 hath
                 written
                 a
                 learned
                 treatise
                 ,
                 
                   de
                   Cruce
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 an
                 Instrument
                 not
                 much
                 unlike
                 to
                 the
                 Furca
                 .
                 The
                 
                 custom
                 did
                 oblige
                 every
                 one
                 to
                 bear
                 their
                 Cross
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 they
                 were
                 to
                 suffer
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 to
                 be
                 nailed
                 upon
                 it
                 .
                 There
                 were
                 many
                 forts
                 of
                 Crosses
                 in
                 use
                 amongst
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 but
                 none
                 was
                 for
                 an
                 ingenious
                 Man.
                 It
                 was
                 
                 
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 punishment
                 only
                 proper
                 for
                 Slaves
                 and
                 men
                 of
                 the
                 lowest
                 rank
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 nailed
                 to
                 this
                 cursed
                 Wood
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 Inscription
                 over
                 them
                 ,
                 signifying
                 the
                 Crime
                 that
                 brought
                 them
                 to
                 this
                 shameful
                 punishment
                 .
                 
                 The
                 publick
                 Prison
                 where
                 they
                 were
                 kept
                 ,
                 vvas
                 named
                 Carcer
                 ;
                 In
                 it
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 tvvo
                 Rooms
                 .
                 Tullianum
                 ,
                 vvas
                 the
                 Dungeon
                 vvhere
                 Malefactors
                 vvere
                 strangled
                 Robur
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 place
                 of
                 strength
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 vvhich
                 they
                 could
                 not
                 break
                 forth
                 ,
                 vvhere
                 they
                 vvere
                 sometimes
                 put
                 to
                 Death
                 .
                 Nervus
                 ,
                 vvas
                 like
                 our
                 Stocks
                 ,
                 vvhere
                 the
                 Feet
                 vvere
                 laid
                 .
                 Collumbar
                 and
                 numella
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 place
                 to
                 put
                 the
                 neck
                 ,
                 that
                 resembled
                 our
                 Pillory
                 .
                 Codex
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 Block
                 fastned
                 to
                 Malefactors
                 ,
                 upon
                 vvhich
                 they
                 did
                 use
                 to
                 sit
                 .
                 Culeus
                 ,
                 vvas
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 punishment
                 due
                 to
                 Paricides
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 first
                 vvhip
                 the
                 Offender
                 vvith
                 Rods
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 Blood
                 did
                 gush
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Veins
                 ;
                 then
                 they
                 did
                 sovve
                 him
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 Leathern
                 sack
                 ,
                 called
                 Culeus
                 ,
                 vvith
                 a
                 Cog
                 ,
                 a
                 Cock
                 ,
                 a
                 Viper
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 Ape
                 ;
                 vvith
                 this
                 sad
                 and
                 loathsom
                 company
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 cast
                 him
                 head-long
                 into
                 the
                 Sea
                 and
                 drovvnd
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Eculeus
                 ,
                 vvas
                 an
                 Engine
                 proper
                 to
                 Rack
                 and
                 torment
                 Offenders
                 ,
                 vvhose
                 Body
                 did
                 appear
                 as
                 they
                 that
                 vvere
                 crucified
                 on
                 the
                 Cross
                 .
                 It
                 vvas
                 invented
                 on
                 purpose
                 to
                 force
                 men
                 suspected
                 of
                 a
                 crime
                 to
                 a
                 confession
                 of
                 their
                 Guilt
                 .
                 I
                 conceive
                 this
                 Engine
                 vvas
                 made
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 did
                 stretch
                 every
                 joint
                 in
                 the
                 Body
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 did
                 sometimes
                 
                 increase
                 the
                 torture
                 of
                 the
                 Persons
                 racked
                 upon
                 this
                 Engine
                 ,
                 by
                 applying
                 hot
                 Irons
                 to
                 the
                 Offenders
                 naked
                 Body
                 .
                 Lamina
                 and
                 Vngulae
                 ;
                 vvere
                 Instruments
                 made
                 for
                 this
                 purpose
                 ,
                 to
                 adde
                 to
                 the
                 pain
                 of
                 the
                 miserable
                 creature
                 ,
                 vvhose
                 misfortune
                 had
                 brought
                 him
                 to
                 this
                 torment
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 the
                 Offenders
                 vvere
                 condemned
                 to
                 be
                 thr
                 ovvn
                 dovvn
                 head-long
                 from
                 the
                 Rock
                 ,
                 upon
                 vvhich
                 stood
                 the
                 Capitol
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Tarpeia
                   rupes
                
                 .
                 There
                 vvas
                 another
                 place
                 called
                 
                   Gradus
                   Gemmonij
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Scalae
                   Gemoniae
                
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 Tiber
                 ,
                 from
                 vvhich
                 they
                 did
                 cast
                 the
                 guilty
                 persons
                 to
                 drovvnd
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 vvater
                 .
                 Some
                 describe
                 thus
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 punishment
                 .
                 The
                 Executioner
                 did
                 fasten
                 a
                 Hook
                 in
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 poor
                 vvretch
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 dragg
                 him
                 through
                 the
                 streets
                 from
                 his
                 Prison
                 to
                 this
                 infamous
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 he
                 did
                 cast
                 him
                 dovvn
                 head-long
                 into
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 or
                 did
                 burn
                 him
                 ,
                 as
                 some
                 do
                 relate
                 .
              
               
                 Tunica
                 ,
                 was
                 another
                 kind
                 of
                 punishment
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 put
                 the
                 Criminal
                 in
                 a
                 Coat
                 dawb'd
                 vvith
                 Pitch
                 and
                 Brimstone
                 vvithin
                 &
                 vvithout
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 they
                 did
                 cast
                 him
                 into
                 the
                 Fire
                 prepared
                 for
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Damnatio
                   ad
                   Gladium
                
                 ,
                 was
                 when
                 a
                 man
                 was
                 condemned
                 to
                 end
                 his
                 dayes
                 with
                 the
                 edge
                 of
                 the
                 Sword
                 ;
                 either
                 by
                 fighting
                 in
                 the
                 publick
                 Playes
                 amongst
                 the
                 Fencers
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 receiving
                 the
                 fatal
                 blow
                 from
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 an
                 Executioner
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 
                   Damnatio
                   ad
                   Bestias
                
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 condemning
                 of
                 a
                 man
                 to
                 be
                 devoured
                 by
                 Lyons
                 ,
                 Bears
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 wild
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 Sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 expose
                 them
                 all
                 naked
                 to
                 the
                 mercy
                 of
                 these
                 Savage
                 Creatures
                 ;
                 aud
                 at
                 other
                 times
                 they
                 did
                 furnish
                 unto
                 them
                 Weapons
                 ,
                 to
                 enable
                 them
                 to
                 contend
                 with
                 the
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 and
                 shew
                 some
                 sport
                 to
                 the
                 gazing
                 multitude
                 .
              
               
                 Ergastulum
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Prison
                 for
                 Slaves
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 kept
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 obliged
                 to
                 work
                 for
                 their
                 livelihood
                 .
                 Some
                 did
                 belong
                 to
                 Noblemen
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 designed
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 for
                 the
                 slaughter
                 ,
                 to
                 delight
                 the
                 People
                 in
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 in
                 fighting
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 ▪
                 daily
                 exercise
                 themselves
                 by
                 Fencing
                 .
                 A
                 certain
                 Master
                 of
                 Arms
                 did
                 teach
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 already
                 taken
                 notice
                 .
                 And
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 be
                 hindted
                 from
                 an
                 escape
                 ,
                 they
                 had
                 
                 Bolts
                 &
                 Chains
                 night
                 and
                 day
                 put
                 upon
                 their
                 Legs
                 .
                 Many
                 Offenders
                 were
                 condemned
                 to
                 these
                 kind
                 of
                 Prisons
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 be
                 exercised
                 in
                 digging
                 the
                 Ground
                 ,
                 in
                 grinding
                 Corn
                 ,
                 in
                 *
                 drawing
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 many
                 other
                 laborious
                 and
                 painful
                 works
                 .
                 The
                 Offenders
                 were
                 also
                 sent
                 
                   ad
                   ▪
                   Metalla
                
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Mines
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 a
                 grievous
                 punishment
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 also
                 mark
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 Fore-head
                 with
                 an
                 infamous
                 Letter
                 ;
                 they
                 were
                 named
                 Stigmatici
                 ,
                 or
                 literati
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   nebulones
                   stigmatici
                
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 did
                 also
                 chastise
                 their
                 Criminal
                 persons
                 with
                 Whips
                 aswell
                 as
                 with
                 Rods
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 increase
                 the
                 pain
                 ,
                 such
                 did
                 tie
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 every
                 thong
                 ,
                 Nails
                 ,
                 Bones
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 
                 hard
                 things
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 many
                 times
                 the
                 Patient
                 did
                 give
                 up
                 the
                 Ghost
                 under
                 the
                 strokes
                 .
                 These
                 Whips
                 were
                 named
                 Scorpiones
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 XI
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   the
                
                 Roman
                 Militia
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 amiss
                 to
                 know
                 how
                 the
                 Conquerors
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 arived
                 to
                 that
                 excessive
                 Power
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 they
                 attained
                 to
                 an
                 universal
                 Monarchy
                 over
                 most
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 known
                 Nations
                 .
                 Their
                 Martial
                 Discipline
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 excellent
                 order
                 which
                 was
                 establisht
                 amongst
                 them
                 in
                 their
                 Armies
                 ,
                 did
                 assist
                 them
                 as
                 much
                 in
                 their
                 Expeditions
                 ,
                 as
                 their
                 valour
                 and
                 Courage
                 .
                 And
                 first
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 take
                 notice
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 never
                 engage
                 themselves
                 rashly
                 in
                 a
                 War.
                 Their
                 custom
                 was
                 to
                 seek
                 all
                 other
                 means
                 to
                 bring
                 their
                 Enemies
                 to
                 Reason
                 ;
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 see
                 all
                 their
                 endeavours
                 frustrated
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 then
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 last
                 and
                 most
                 desperate
                 Remedy
                 .
                 The
                 Feciales
                 ,
                 an
                 order
                 of
                 Priests
                 mentioned
                 before
                 ,
                 were
                 dispatcht
                 with
                 a
                 Commission
                 to
                 declare
                 War
                 to
                 the
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 their
                 number
                 cloathed
                 in
                 a
                 stately
                 Robe
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Caduceus
                 in
                 his
                 hand
                 ,
                 did
                 make
                 his
                 address
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 gods
                 ,
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 he
                 was
                 entred
                 into
                 their
                 Borders
                 ,
                 telling
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 was
                 there
                 in
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Romans
                 to
                 demand
                 Justice
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 City
                 or
                 Nation
                 .
                 When
                 he
                 was
                 come
                 into
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 the
                 Enemies
                 Magistrates
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 openly
                 declare
                 his
                 business
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 with
                 Imprecations
                 and
                 Curses
                 .
                 If
                 they
                 did
                 give
                 
                 him
                 no
                 satisfaction
                 within
                 30
                 dayes
                 after
                 his
                 arrival
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 then
                 tell
                 them
                 that
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Rome
                 would
                 deliberate
                 about
                 that
                 business
                 ,
                 and
                 endeavour
                 to
                 oblige
                 them
                 to
                 Justice
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 he
                 did
                 cast
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 hand
                 a
                 bloody
                 Javeline
                 ,
                 with
                 these
                 words
                 ;
                 
                   In
                   the
                
                 
                 
                   name
                   of
                   the
                   People
                   of
                
                 Rome
                 
                   I
                   declare
                   War
                   to
                   such
                   a
                   Nation
                   .
                
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 conclude
                 a
                 Peace
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 also
                 send
                 these
                 Feciales
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 to
                 carry
                 with
                 them
                 some
                 Grass
                 out
                 of
                 Rome
                 ;
                 
                 When
                 they
                 were
                 come
                 into
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 party
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 named
                 Paterpatratus
                 ,
                 did
                 take
                 a
                 Stone
                 ,
                 and
                 knock
                 a
                 Hog
                 on
                 the
                 head
                 ,
                 *
                 swearing
                 ,
                 and
                 wishing
                 that
                 Jupiter
                 would
                 thus
                 punish
                 him
                 ,
                 or
                 that
                 People
                 that
                 intended
                 any
                 mischief
                 or
                 deceipt
                 by
                 the
                 Treaty
                 ;
                 or
                 that
                 should
                 first
                 violate
                 their
                 Oath
                 ,
                 and
                 break
                 the
                 agreement
                 by
                 any
                 publick
                 acts
                 of
                 hostility
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 war
                 was
                 proclaimed
                 by
                 the
                 order
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 decree
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ;
                 the
                 next
                 action
                 was
                 to
                 pitch
                 upon
                 a
                 worthy
                 General
                 to
                 manage
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 Command
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 that
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 sent
                 against
                 
                 the
                 Enemy
                 .
                 Servius
                 upon
                 Virgil
                 takes
                 notice
                 of
                 three
                 kinds
                 of
                 warfar
                 ordinary
                 in
                 Rome
                 .
                 There
                 was
                 Sacramentum
                 ,
                 ●o
                 named
                 ,
                 
                 because
                 all
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 did
                 engage
                 themselves
                 by
                 an
                 Oath
                 to
                 fight
                 for
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 ,
                 
                 to
                 obey
                 their
                 Commanders
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 not
                 depart
                 from
                 the
                 War
                 until
                 it
                 was
                 finisht
                 .
                 2.
                 
                 Conjuratio
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 when
                 there
                 was
                 some
                 great
                 tumult
                 or
                 rising
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 or
                 upon
                 
                 the
                 Borders
                 .
                 In
                 such
                 a
                 case
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 General
                 had
                 not
                 time
                 to
                 receive
                 the
                 Oath
                 from
                 everyone
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 
                   qui
                   vult
                   salvam
                
                 
                 
                   rempublicam
                   me
                   sequatur
                
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 assend
                 up
                 to
                 the
                 Capitol
                 the
                 common
                 Rendezvouz
                 in
                 such
                 occasions
                 ,
                 causing
                 two
                 Banners
                 to
                 be
                 displayed
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 of
                 a
                 Rose-red
                 colour
                 
                 for
                 the
                 Infantry
                 ,
                 and
                 another
                 of
                 a
                 Skie-colour
                 for
                 the
                 Cavalry
                 or
                 Horse-men
                 .
                 The
                 third
                 sort
                 of
                 Warfar
                 was
                 named
                 Evocatio
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 
                   Evocati
                   milites
                
                 :
                 When
                 the
                 General
                 to
                 fill
                 up
                 his
                 Army
                 ,
                 did
                 command
                 several
                 persons
                 dispersed
                 in
                 the
                 Roman
                 Dominions
                 ,
                 to
                 repair
                 to
                 their
                 Colours
                 ,
                 and
                 come
                 to
                 his
                 assistance
                 .
                 Besides
                 ,
                 the
                 General
                 did
                 dispatch
                 his
                 Orders
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 allyed
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 to
                 send
                 their
                 succours
                 by
                 such
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 a
                 place
                 appointed
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 whole
                 Army
                 was
                 divided
                 into
                 Roman
                 Legions
                 and
                 Auxiliaries
                 .
                 Every
                 Legion
                 was
                 composed
                 sometimes
                 of
                 3000
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 of
                 4000
                 ,
                 and
                 never
                 above
                 6000
                 Foot
                 ,
                 with
                 some
                 few
                 Troops
                 of
                 Horse-men
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 to
                 wait
                 upon
                 their
                 Legions
                 in
                 the
                 Battle
                 .
                 The
                 Foot
                 were
                 divided
                 into
                 Cohortes
                 ,
                 or
                 Companies
                 ;
                 in
                 every
                 Legion
                 there
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 ten
                 Cohortes
                 .
                 Every
                 Cohors
                 did
                 contain
                 ▪
                 
                 three
                 Maniples
                 ,
                 every
                 Maniple
                 two
                 Centuries
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 every
                 Century
                 an
                 hundred
                 Men.
                 The
                 Centuries
                 were
                 subdivided
                 into
                 contubernia
                 ,
                 certain
                 Files
                 of
                 Men
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 lodge
                 always
                 together
                 ;
                 their
                 Corporal
                 or
                 Serjeant
                 was
                 named
                 
                   Caput
                   contubernij
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Decanus
                 ,
                 as
                 his
                 Captain
                 was
                 named
                 Centurio
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 Rear
                 of
                 every
                 Century
                 ,
                 did
                 march
                 a
                 Commander
                 next
                 to
                 a
                 Centurion
                 ,
                 called
                 Tergiductor
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 power
                 as
                 our
                 Lieutenants
                 of
                 Companies
                 .
                 The
                 Horsemen
                 did
                 appear
                 in
                 Troops
                 called
                 Turmae
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 Turmae
                 had
                 three
                 Decuria's
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 Decuria
                 ten
                 
                 Horsemen
                 .
                 The
                 Captain
                 of
                 every
                 Troop
                 was
                 named
                 
                   Praefectus
                   Equitum
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 chief
                 Commander
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 Imperator
                 ;
                 especially
                 when
                 he
                 had
                 been
                 so
                 happy
                 as
                 to
                 obtain
                 a
                 Victory
                 ,
                 where
                 one
                 thousand
                 of
                 the
                 Enemies
                 were
                 slain
                 .
                 Over
                 every
                 Legion
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 Tribune
                 or
                 a
                 Colonel
                 under
                 the
                 General
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 Army
                 ,
                 none
                 was
                 received
                 amongst
                 the
                 Legions
                 ;
                 but
                 after
                 17
                 years
                 of
                 Age
                 ;
                 and
                 every
                 one
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 Roman
                 born
                 ,
                 a
                 Free-man
                 .
                 I
                 confess
                 that
                 in
                 cases
                 of
                 necessity
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 forced
                 to
                 Muster
                 in
                 their
                 Army
                 Slaves
                 and
                 Fencers
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Legions
                 did
                 vary
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 occasions
                 of
                 the
                 Commonwealth
                 :
                 Sometimes
                 there
                 have
                 been
                 25
                 Legions
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 dispersed
                 round
                 about
                 the
                 Borders
                 near
                 the
                 Enemies
                 Countrey
                 .
              
               
               
                 But
                 we
                 must
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 before
                 the
                 Armies
                 did
                 march
                 to
                 find
                 out
                 the
                 Enemy
                 ;
                 the
                 General
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 superior
                 Officers
                 ,
                 were
                 very
                 diligent
                 and
                 careful
                 in
                 the
                 placing
                 of
                 their
                 Men
                 ,
                 and
                 disposing
                 of
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 best
                 advantage
                 .
                 The
                 poorer
                 sort
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 weakest
                 bodies
                 they
                 did
                 pick
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 ,
                 to
                 put
                 them
                 together
                 in
                 Companies
                 separate
                 from
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 they
                 called
                 them
                 Velites
                 .
                 These
                 kind
                 of
                 Soldiers
                 were
                 the
                 most
                 contemptible
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 exposed
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 dangers
                 .
                 As
                 in
                 the
                 Turks
                 Army
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 multitudes
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 vile
                 sort
                 of
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 Front
                 of
                 the
                 Battle
                 ,
                 and
                 beaten
                 to
                 the
                 assault
                 ,
                 to
                 fill
                 up
                 the
                 Ditches
                 with
                 their
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 and
                 cause
                 the
                 Enemy
                 to
                 spend
                 their
                 Fury
                 upon
                 them
                 :
                 So
                 was
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 Roman
                 Army
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 certain
                 Companies
                 pickt
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 imployed
                 in
                 assaulting
                 the
                 Enemy
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 receiving
                 the
                 first
                 on-set
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 lightly
                 Armed
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 from
                 their
                 swiftness
                 in
                 Retreats
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 called
                 Velites
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Army
                 was
                 ready
                 to
                 Fight
                 ,
                 such
                 did
                 appear
                 at
                 the
                 VVings
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 the
                 Van
                 ,
                 as
                 our
                 Forlorn
                 ▪
                 Hope
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 never
                 required
                 to
                 stand
                 to
                 a
                 Fight
                 ,
                 and
                 oppose
                 the
                 Enemy
                 without
                 stirring
                 ;
                 neither
                 d
                 d
                 the
                 Generals
                 repose
                 any
                 great
                 Trust
                 in
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 chief
                 strength
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 was
                 in
                 the
                 Roman
                 Legions
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 General
                 did
                 choose
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 ,
                 the
                 strong
                 and
                 lusty
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 to
                 match
                 them
                 also
                 together
                 ;
                 
                 and
                 they
                 were
                 named
                 Principes
                 .
                 The
                 Triarij
                 were
                 elected
                 next
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 oldest
                 and
                 most
                 beaten
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 named
                 Veterani
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 placed
                 always
                 in
                 the
                 main
                 Body
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 ;
                 And
                 to
                 them
                 was
                 committed
                 
                 the
                 Roman
                 Eagle
                 ,
                 which
                 vvas
                 as
                 the
                 Royal
                 Standard
                 amongst
                 us
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 Ensign
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 Centurion
                 of
                 the
                 Triarij
                 was
                 called
                 Primipilus
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   primus
                   Centurio
                
                 ;
                 he
                 had
                 the
                 charge
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Eagle
                 .
                 The
                 second
                 Century
                 vvas
                 named
                 
                   secundum
                   pilum
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Centurion
                 ,
                 
                   secundi
                   pilus
                
                 .
                 The
                 Principes
                 ,
                 vvho
                 marched
                 before
                 them
                 ,
                 vvere
                 named
                 Antepilani
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 the
                 former
                 Commanders
                 in
                 the
                 Army
                 ,
                 there
                 vvas
                 
                   Praefectus
                   Legionum
                
                 a
                 Major
                 General
                 next
                 to
                 the
                 Legatus
                 ,
                 the
                 Lieutenant
                 General
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 .
                 VVhen
                 the
                 General
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Lieutenant
                 vvere
                 absent
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 command
                 in
                 Chief
                 over
                 the
                 Colonels
                 ,
                 and
                 over
                 the
                 rest
                 .
                 There
                 vvas
                 also
                 
                   Praefectus
                   sociorum
                
                 ,
                 a
                 certain
                 Commander
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Auxiliary
                 Forces
                 ,
                 sent
                 to
                 the
                 Army
                 from
                 the
                 friends
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 .
                 There
                 vvas
                 also
                 
                   Praefectus
                   Fabrorum
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Praefectus
                   castrorum
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Camp-master
                 General
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Chief
                 Engineer
                 ,
                 vvhose
                 Office
                 vvas
                 to
                 have
                 an
                 Eye
                 to
                 the
                 Instruments
                 and
                 Engines
                 of
                 VVar
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 Labourers
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 
                 did
                 overcome
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 Tovvns
                 ,
                 more
                 by
                 skill
                 and
                 art
                 ,
                 than
                 by
                 plain
                 force
                 and
                 Valour
                 ;
                 therefore
                 it
                 vvas
                 necessary
                 that
                 they
                 should
                 have
                 great
                 numbers
                 of
                 
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 work-men
                 in
                 their
                 Armies
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 one
                 over
                 them
                 all
                 to
                 command
                 them
                 to
                 their
                 business
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Roman
                 Army
                 there
                 was
                 an
                 excellent
                 varieyt
                 of
                 Weapons
                 fit
                 for
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 encounters
                 and
                 occasions
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 the
                 wisdom
                 of
                 their
                 first
                 Warriors
                 did
                 appear
                 in
                 inventing
                 such
                 convenient
                 Arms
                 ,
                 as
                 might
                 be
                 suitable
                 to
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 their
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 and
                 might
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 defend
                 them
                 with
                 advantage
                 against
                 other
                 People
                 .
                 Besides
                 the
                 Sword
                 and
                 Buckler
                 ,
                 they
                 made
                 use
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 Dart
                 named
                 Pila
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 handle
                 so
                 dexterously
                 ,
                 that
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 report
                 of
                 Caesar
                 ,
                 it
                 did
                 sometimes
                 pierce
                 through
                 Bucklers
                 two
                 inches
                 thick
                 of
                 Iron
                 :
                 Especially
                 the
                 Triarij
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 always
                 kept
                 for
                 a
                 Reserve
                 ,
                 were
                 furnished
                 with
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 Weapon
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 small
                 Target
                 called
                 Parma
                 .
                 Some
                 of
                 them
                 were
                 armed
                 with
                 a
                 Javeline
                 ;
                 others
                 with
                 Pikes
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 careful
                 to
                 provide
                 their
                 Armie
                 wi●h
                 all
                 manner
                 of
                 Weapons
                 ,
                 that
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 different
                 occasions
                 ,
                 they
                 might
                 oppose
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 best
                 furnished
                 ,
                 to
                 encounter
                 the
                 enemy
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 before
                 a
                 General
                 did
                 undertake
                 an
                 Expedition
                 against
                 the
                 Enemy
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 the
                 custom
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 to
                 consult
                 the
                 Augures
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 enter
                 into
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Mars
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 to
                 begg
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 that
                 God.
                 When
                 he
                 did
                 march
                 with
                 his
                 Army
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 commonly
                 ordered
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 
                 dangers
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 safety
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 apprehend
                 .
                 Every
                 night
                 the
                 Army
                 did
                 Encamp
                 in
                 a
                 convenient
                 place
                 .
                 Pyrrhus
                 King
                 of
                 Epirus
                 taught
                 the
                 Romans
                 the
                 Art
                 and
                 use
                 of
                 lodging
                 their
                 Army
                 within
                 a
                 fortifyed
                 Camp
                 every
                 night
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 a
                 Surprisal
                 .
                 The
                 Generals
                 Tent
                 was
                 usually
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 the
                 Horse
                 and
                 Foot
                 placed
                 round
                 about
                 at
                 a
                 convenient
                 distance
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 was
                 from
                 the
                 Generals
                 Pavilion
                 so
                 many
                 straight
                 Lanes
                 reaching
                 as
                 far
                 as
                 the
                 Fortifications
                 There
                 were
                 commonly
                 four
                 Gates
                 ,
                 or
                 places
                 to
                 go
                 out
                 ;
                 in
                 every
                 Roman
                 Camp.
                 The
                 greatest
                 and
                 largest
                 was
                 called
                 Decumana
                 .
                 The
                 other
                 three
                 were
                 named
                 
                   Praetoria
                   ,
                   Questoria
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Porta
                   principalis
                
                 .
                 At
                 every
                 one
                 of
                 these
                 Gates
                 was
                 a
                 Guard
                 placed
                 ,
                 and
                 Sentinels
                 ,
                 at
                 certa●n
                 distances
                 upon
                 the
                 Rampier
                 .
                 VVhen
                 they
                 intended
                 to
                 fight
                 the
                 Enemy
                 ,
                 
                   aciem
                   educebant
                
                 ;
                 They
                 led
                 their
                 Army
                 out
                 in
                 order
                 of
                 Battle
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 not
                 always
                 the
                 same
                 :
                 Sometimes
                 the
                 Enemy
                 with
                 which
                 they
                 were
                 to
                 fight
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 did
                 cause
                 them
                 to
                 alter
                 their
                 Army
                 .
                 The
                 Spear-men
                 called
                 Haflati
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Velites
                 did
                 usually
                 begin
                 the
                 Fight
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 they
                 were
                 worsted
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 retreat
                 to
                 a
                 space
                 left
                 open
                 behind
                 the
                 lusty
                 Principes
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 then
                 succed
                 in
                 their
                 room
                 ,
                 and
                 maintain
                 the
                 Quarrel
                 against
                 the
                 Enemy
                 .
                 After
                 them
                 the
                 Triarij
                 did
                 fight
                 .
                 
                 Every
                 wise
                 Commander
                 had
                 commonly
                 some
                 Reserves
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 not
                 brought
                 to
                 the
                 
                 Battle
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 case
                 of
                 necessity
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Enemy
                 was
                 sufficiently
                 weary
                 in
                 the
                 Fight
                 ,
                 the
                 Generals
                 did
                 then
                 give
                 order
                 to
                 these
                 Reserves
                 ,
                 named
                 Subsidia
                 ,
                 to
                 fall
                 upon
                 them
                 and
                 end
                 the
                 dispute
                 .
                 Caesar
                 in
                 his
                 Commentaries
                 ,
                 speaks
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 order
                 of
                 Battle
                 ,
                 called
                 Orbis
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 in
                 case
                 of
                 necessity
                 ,
                 
                 when
                 the
                 Enemies
                 were
                 numerous
                 ,
                 and
                 too
                 powerful
                 for
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 cast
                 themselves
                 into
                 a
                 *
                 round
                 Body
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 more
                 conveniently
                 resist
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 attach
                 them
                 on
                 every
                 
                 side
                 .
                 VVhen
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 case
                 their
                 design
                 was
                 to
                 march
                 forward
                 ,
                 and
                 pierce
                 through
                 the
                 great
                 Bodies
                 of
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 fall
                 into
                 another
                 Figure
                 ,
                 named
                 Cuneus
                 ,
                 because
                 
                 they
                 did
                 appear
                 as
                 a
                 Wedge
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 manner
                 they
                 did
                 more
                 easily
                 compass
                 their
                 Design
                 ,
                 and
                 save
                 themselves
                 from
                 being
                 overpowred
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 there
                 was
                 nothing
                 that
                 did
                 more
                 enlarge
                 the
                 Bounds
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 increase
                 their
                 Power
                 ,
                 than
                 their
                 skill
                 in
                 the
                 taking
                 of
                 Fortified
                 Towns.
                 Many
                 times
                 ,
                 although
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 Enemies
                 within
                 ,
                 was
                 far
                 greater
                 ;
                 and
                 although
                 they
                 had
                 all
                 things
                 necessary
                 to
                 oppose
                 the
                 Besiegers
                 ,
                 and
                 were
                 lodged
                 within
                 such
                 strong
                 and
                 walls
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 did
                 seem
                 a
                 madness
                 to
                 offer
                 to
                 take
                 them
                 by
                 force
                 ;
                 Yet
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 often
                 sit
                 down
                 before
                 such
                 places
                 ,
                 amd
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 fortifyed
                 themselves
                 within
                 their
                 VVorks
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 undertake
                 the
                 Besieging
                 
                 of
                 them
                 with
                 such
                 success
                 ,
                 that
                 within
                 a
                 few
                 dayes
                 their
                 Flags
                 and
                 Banners
                 did
                 flie
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 .
                 If
                 the
                 Town
                 walls
                 were
                 low
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 opposition
                 not
                 great
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 take
                 it
                 usually
                 by
                 Assault
                 with
                 their
                 Ladders
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 the
                 Besieged
                 were
                 numerous
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 wayes
                 to
                 the
                 Town
                 easie
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 raise
                 high
                 Towers
                 of
                 Planks
                 &
                 Beams
                 ,
                 cover'd
                 with
                 raw
                 Hides
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 drag
                 close
                 to
                 the
                 walls
                 of
                 the
                 besieged
                 City
                 .
                 And
                 then
                 they
                 did
                 bring
                 on
                 their
                 Companies
                 under
                 their
                 Bucklers
                 to
                 the
                 Tower
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 assend
                 by
                 stairs
                 ,
                 and
                 steps
                 within
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 that
                 was
                 equal
                 with
                 the
                 walls
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 they
                 did
                 Fight
                 without
                 the
                 least
                 disadvantage
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 had
                 several
                 wayes
                 to
                 take
                 Towns
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 nature
                 and
                 disposition
                 of
                 the
                 Ground
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 scituation
                 and
                 strength
                 of
                 the
                 VValls
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 accordingly
                 imploy
                 such
                 Instruments
                 and
                 Engines
                 as
                 were
                 most
                 convenient
                 ,
                 These
                 are
                 the
                 chief
                 Engines
                 imployed
                 in
                 the
                 Siege
                 of
                 Towns.
                 Agger
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 high
                 Mount
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 raise
                 near
                 the
                 wall
                 with
                 Earth
                 and
                 Stakes
                 to
                 support
                 it
                 :
                 From
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 this
                 Mount
                 ,
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 fight
                 against
                 the
                 besieged
                 ,
                 and
                 kill
                 every
                 man
                 that
                 did
                 appear
                 upon
                 the
                 wall
                 .
                 The
                 Stakes
                 used
                 in
                 this
                 occasion
                 ,
                 were
                 named
                 Valla
                 ,
                 and
                 *
                 Valli
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 commonly
                 draw
                 a
                 Line
                 round
                 about
                 the
                 besieged
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 build
                 strong
                 Castles
                 and
                 Towers
                 at
                 convenient
                 distances
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 off
                 all
                 correspondence
                 with
                 Forreiners
                 ;
                 but
                 when
                 the
                 
                 Roman
                 Army
                 was
                 not
                 numerous
                 ▪
                 they
                 did
                 
                 sit
                 down
                 close
                 before
                 the
                 wall
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 neglect
                 the
                 great
                 enclosure
                 that
                 was
                 required
                 round
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 endeavour
                 to
                 enter
                 into
                 it
                 by
                 one
                 place
                 .
                 They
                 had
                 many
                 moveable
                 Towers
                 made
                 of
                 Boards
                 ,
                 and
                 covered
                 with
                 raw
                 Hides
                 to
                 hinder
                 them
                 from
                 burning
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 dragg
                 upon
                 wheels
                 near
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 the
                 assault
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 make
                 their
                 approaches
                 under
                 a
                 large
                 covering
                 made
                 of
                 Hurdles
                 and
                 Planks
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Vinea
                   .
                   Testudo
                
                 ,
                 was
                 an
                 Engine
                 ,
                 representing
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 Tortoise
                 ,
                 under
                 it
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 did
                 hide
                 themselve
                 ;
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 either
                 draw
                 near
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 or
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 undermine
                 them
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 these
                 Engines
                 were
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 Bucklers
                 of
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 joyned
                 together
                 .
                 Musculi
                 ,
                 were
                 other
                 Engines
                 of
                 Defence
                 ,
                 to
                 protect
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 in
                 making
                 the
                 Works
                 for
                 a
                 general
                 Assault
                 .
                 Plutei
                 ,
                 were
                 other
                 Inventions
                 ,
                 to
                 bring
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 to
                 the
                 Walls
                 without
                 danger
                 .
                 Their
                 Mines
                 were
                 named
                 Cuniculi
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 other
                 Engines
                 for
                 Battery
                 ,
                 were
                 first
                 *
                 Balista
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 made
                 of
                 Beams
                 ,
                 Cords
                 ,
                 Iron
                 Bars
                 ,
                 and
                 Skrews
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 did
                 cast
                 Darts
                 of
                 a
                 considerable
                 bigness
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 did
                 require
                 but
                 3
                 Men
                 to
                 manage
                 it
                 .
                 Onager
                 ,
                 was
                 an
                 Engine
                 to
                 cast
                 Stones
                 .
                 Scorpio
                 ,
                 was
                 another
                 to
                 send
                 forth
                 small
                 Darts
                 :
                 Some
                 do
                 confound
                 these
                 two
                 names
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 were
                 made
                 
                 almost
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 make
                 ,
                 with
                 this
                 difference
                 ;
                 the
                 former
                 was
                 for
                 Stones
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 latter
                 for
                 Darts
                 .
                 Aries
                 ,
                 their
                 Ram
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 noted
                 Engine
                 in
                 War
                 ,
                 made
                 of
                 several
                 Beams
                 ;
                 that
                 which
                 was
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 was
                 headed
                 with
                 a
                 large
                 piece
                 of
                 Iron
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Rams
                 head
                 with
                 Horns
                 .
                 The
                 Soldiers
                 did
                 cast
                 down
                 the
                 strongest
                 Walls
                 by
                 the
                 frequent
                 blows
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 give
                 with
                 it
                 .
                 Malleoli
                 ,
                 were
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 Arrows
                 with
                 a
                 large
                 belly
                 ,
                 full
                 of
                 Wild-fire
                 ,
                 to
                 burn
                 any
                 thing
                 upon
                 which
                 it
                 did
                 light
                 ,
                 and
                 nothing
                 was
                 able
                 to
                 extinguish
                 the
                 Fire
                 but
                 Dust
                 ▪
                 
                   Falces
                   murales
                
                 were
                 other
                 Engines
                 to
                 fasten
                 upon
                 the
                 wall
                 ,
                 and
                 pull
                 down
                 the
                 stones
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 besiege
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 before
                 the
                 taking
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 desire
                 the
                 leave
                 of
                 the
                 Tutelar
                 Gods
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 invite
                 them
                 to
                 dwell
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 promising
                 unto
                 them
                 Temples
                 ,
                 Altars
                 ,
                 Sacrifices
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 They
                 were
                 better
                 Soldiers
                 at
                 Land
                 ,
                 than
                 at
                 Sea
                 ;
                 nevertheless
                 ,
                 they
                 have
                 had
                 great
                 success
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 obtained
                 famous
                 Victories
                 by
                 their
                 Ships
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 endeavour
                 to
                 sight
                 as
                 at
                 Land
                 ,
                 by
                 joyning
                 their
                 Ships
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 causing
                 them
                 to
                 afford
                 a
                 firm
                 standing
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 Punick
                 war
                 ,
                 the
                 Romans
                 ventured
                 their
                 Fortunes
                 in
                 a
                 Sea-sight
                 against
                 the
                 Carthaginians
                 .
                 In
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 ,
                 they
                 had
                 People
                 as
                 expert
                 at
                 Sea
                 ,
                 as
                 at
                 Land.
                 
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Enemies
                 were
                 overcome
                 ,
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 reduce
                 them
                 commonly
                 to
                 that
                 
                 estate
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 a
                 will
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 a
                 power
                 to
                 revolt
                 from
                 their
                 obedience
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 did
                 spare
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 grant
                 unto
                 the
                 People
                 their
                 Lives
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 sometimes
                 sell
                 them
                 ,
                 
                 
                   sub
                   Corona
                
                 ,
                 under
                 a
                 Crown
                 which
                 was
                 placed
                 upon
                 their
                 heads
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 led
                 to
                 the
                 Market
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 cause
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 a
                 City
                 to
                 pass
                 without
                 Arms
                 ,
                 
                   sub
                   jugum
                
                 ,
                 under
                 a
                 cross
                 Spear
                 ,
                 supported
                 with
                 two
                 others
                 ,
                 and
                 representing
                 a
                 Gallows
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 &
                 the
                 Nation
                 that
                 had
                 been
                 conquered
                 ,
                 were
                 driven
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Habitations
                 and
                 their
                 Dwellings
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Land
                 granted
                 by
                 the
                 Roman
                 People
                 to
                 some
                 old
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 well
                 deserved
                 from
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 wars
                 .
                 Such
                 a
                 place
                 afterwards
                 was
                 named
                 
                   Romana
                   Colonia
                
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 governed
                 by
                 a
                 publick
                 Counsel
                 ,
                 composed
                 of
                 every
                 Tenth
                 Man
                 ,
                 chosen
                 out
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 number
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 difference
                 between
                 a
                 Colony
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Oppidum
                   municipum
                
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 latter
                 was
                 a
                 certain
                 Town
                 that
                 had
                 obtained
                 
                 the
                 Honour
                 of
                 being
                 reckoned
                 amongst
                 the
                 Roman
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 but
                 none
                 of
                 them
                 could
                 claim
                 any
                 right
                 to
                 give
                 his
                 voice
                 for
                 the
                 Election
                 of
                 Magistrates
                 :
                 nor
                 was
                 any
                 of
                 them
                 to
                 be
                 burdened
                 with
                 the
                 extraordinary
                 Imposts
                 .
                 Besides
                 the
                 Municipia
                 ,
                 had
                 particular
                 Laws
                 amongst
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 were
                 not
                 bound
                 to
                 the
                 observance
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Roman
                 Statutes
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                 And
                 because
                 the
                 Romans
                 were
                 the
                 most
                 powerful
                 People
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 several
                 Cties
                 and
                 Nations
                 did
                 seek
                 their
                 feiendship
                 :
                 They
                 were
                 afterwards
                 named
                 
                   Foederati
                   populi
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Foederatae
                   civitates
                
                 .
                 The
                 frequent
                 Alliances
                 which
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 make
                 with
                 their
                 Neighbours
                 ,
                 did
                 often
                 administer
                 occasions
                 of
                 new
                 Quarrels
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 consequence
                 of
                 new
                 Conquests
                 :
                 For
                 when
                 these
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 friends
                 were
                 grieved
                 or
                 oppressed
                 by
                 any
                 Enemy
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 implore
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 glad
                 of
                 such
                 an
                 opportunity
                 of
                 enlarging
                 their
                 Dominions
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Kingdoms
                 were
                 subdued
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 reduce
                 them
                 into
                 Provinces
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 they
                 did
                 suffer
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 to
                 enjoy
                 peaceably
                 their
                 Estates
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 lay
                 upon
                 them
                 many
                 yearly
                 Tributes
                 .
                 Besides
                 ,
                 the
                 Tenths
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Fruits
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 called
                 Decumae
                 ,
                 They
                 had
                 an
                 Impost
                 named
                 Portorium
                 ,
                 upon
                 all
                 Goods
                 Transported
                 and
                 Imported
                 ;
                 Every
                 Head
                 did
                 pay
                 a
                 certain
                 Tribute
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Senate
                 would
                 sometimes
                 lay
                 upon
                 them
                 grievous
                 Bur●hens
                 ,
                 and
                 exact
                 large
                 sums
                 of
                 Money
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 necessities
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 .
                 Such
                 People
                 were
                 afterwards
                 named
                 stipendiarij
                 ,
                 Tributaries
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 .
                 But
                 we
                 may
                 take
                 notice
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 carefully
                 treat
                 every
                 City
                 according
                 to
                 its
                 deservings
                 .
                 If
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 had
                 resisted
                 their
                 Power
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 sure
                 to
                 suffer
                 for
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 receive
                 such
                 punishments
                 as
                 the
                 Romans
                 did
                 
                 think
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 deserved
                 .
                 By
                 this
                 means
                 
                 ●hey
                 did
                 strike
                 a
                 fear
                 into
                 the
                 minds
                 of
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 oblige
                 them
                 to
                 seek
                 their
                 friendship
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 yield
                 to
                 their
                 incroaching
                 Power
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 not
                 be
                 reduced
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 Estate
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 no
                 wonder
                 if
                 their
                 Armies
                 were
                 so
                 successful
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Soldiers
                 so
                 obedient
                 ▪
                 They
                 had
                 such
                 an
                 excellent
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 a
                 severe
                 Discipline
                 to
                 govern
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 glorious
                 Rewards
                 assured
                 to
                 their
                 virtuous
                 behaviour
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 thereby
                 as
                 much
                 animated
                 to
                 seek
                 the
                 latter
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 were
                 afraid
                 of
                 the
                 punishments
                 infl●cted
                 upon
                 offenders
                 .
                 They
                 had
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Chastisements
                 proportionable
                 to
                 the
                 Soldie●s
                 faults
                 :
                 
                 Sometimes
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 shamefully
                 demeaned
                 
                 themselves
                 ,
                 the
                 General
                 did
                 Dismiss
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 Disband
                 them
                 ,
                 by
                 taking
                 away
                 their
                 Soldiers
                 Girdle
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Arms
                 ;
                 sometimes
                 he
                 did
                 deprive
                 them
                 of
                 their
                 daily
                 Sallery
                 :
                 Such
                 were
                 said
                 to
                 be
                 
                   aere
                   diru●●
                
                 ,
                 deprived
                 of
                 their
                 Pay
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 publick
                 Treasury
                 .
                 
                   Censio
                   hastaria
                
                 ,
                 was
                 when
                 the
                 Soldier
                 was
                 commanded
                 to
                 resign
                 up
                 his
                 Spear
                 ,
                 and
                 depart
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Company
                 had
                 lost
                 their
                 Banner
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 commanded
                 to
                 feed
                 upon
                 Barley-bread
                 for
                 several
                 Months
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Captain
                 did
                 loose
                 his
                 Girdle
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 a
                 notable
                 disgrace
                 to
                 an
                 Officer
                 .
                 If
                 the
                 crime
                 was
                 bu●
                 small
                 ,
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 were
                 forced
                 to
                 stand
                 before
                 the
                 Generals
                 Tent
                 with
                 some
                 marks
                 of
                 dishonor
                 upon
                 their
                 Heads
                 ;
                 or
                 they
                 did
                 di●half
                 naked
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 Army
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 they
                 were
                 condemned
                 to
                 Winter
                 abroad
                 in
                 the
                 Fields
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 not
                 enter
                 within
                 a
                 Roof
                 in
                 the
                 sharpest
                 weather
                 ▪
                 If
                 a
                 Soldier
                 had
                 been
                 a
                 Coward
                 ,
                 or
                 inconsiderate
                 in
                 his
                 attempts
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 open
                 a
                 Vein
                 and
                 draw
                 some
                 Blood
                 from
                 him
                 .
                 These
                 were
                 the
                 small
                 punishments
                 due
                 to
                 lesser
                 crimes
                 greater
                 faults
                 were
                 chastised
                 with
                 Rods
                 ,
                 and
                 Death
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 they
                 did
                 cut
                 off
                 their
                 Hands
                 ,
                 whip
                 them
                 with
                 Rods
                 ,
                 beat
                 them
                 
                 with
                 Cudgels
                 .
                 All
                 Run-aways
                 were
                 to
                 los●
                 their
                 Heads
                 without
                 mercy
                 .
                 And
                 wher
                 there
                 had
                 been
                 a
                 grievous
                 Mutiny
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 condemn
                 either
                 the
                 tenth
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 hundred●
                 
                 Man
                 to
                 Death
                 ;
                 this
                 was
                 called
                 Exercitus
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Legtonis
                   decimatio
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Centesimatio
                 .
                 The
                 strict
                 observance
                 of
                 the
                 Military
                 Laws
                 ,
                 preserved
                 their
                 Armies
                 from
                 Rebellion
                 ,
                 and
                 Ruine
                 ;
                 and
                 caused
                 every
                 Soldier
                 to
                 obey
                 his
                 orders
                 ,
                 and
                 follow
                 his
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Rewards
                 granted
                 to
                 the
                 Couragious
                 and
                 Valiant
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 were
                 many
                 ,
                 and
                 suitable
                 to
                 their
                 well-deservings
                 .
                 The
                 meanest
                 Soldiers
                 were
                 advanced
                 to
                 the
                 Commands
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 done
                 some
                 brave
                 Action
                 .
                 But
                 besides
                 these
                 Offices
                 of
                 Profit
                 and
                 Honour
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 receive
                 an
                 increase
                 of
                 their
                 Pay.
                 Their
                 General
                 did
                 bestow
                 upon
                 them
                 Bracelets
                 ,
                 a
                 white
                 Lance
                 ,
                 Collers
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 like
                 Ornaments
                 to
                 Honour
                 their
                 Virtue
                 with
                 some
                 distinction
                 from
                 the
                 ordinary
                 kind
                 of
                 Soldiers
                 .
                 There
                 were
                 also
                 many
                 sorts
                 of
                 Crowns
                 given
                 to
                 the
                 brave
                 Soldiers
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Army
                 ;
                 when
                 a
                 Captain
                 
                 had
                 freed
                 a
                 City
                 from
                 the
                 Siege
                 of
                 an
                 Enemy
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 forced
                 them
                 to
                 depart
                 ,
                 the
                 Citizens
                 did
                 bestow
                 a
                 Crown
                 ,
                 not
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 any
                 other
                 precious
                 metal
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 Grass
                 upon
                 him
                 ,
                 by
                 whose
                 means
                 they
                 had
                 been
                 
                 delivered
                 .
                 Nevertheless
                 this
                 Crown
                 was
                 lookt
                 upon
                 as
                 the
                 most
                 Honourable
                 .
                 The
                 Grass
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 gather'd
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 that
                 had
                 been
                 freed
                 from
                 the
                 Siege
                 .
                 
                   Civica
                   Corona
                
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Crown
                 given
                 to
                 a
                 Roman
                 for
                 preserving
                 a
                 Citizen
                 from
                 the
                 enemies
                 hands
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 made
                 of
                 Oak
                 branches
                 and
                 Leaves
                 .
                 When
                 a
                 Soldier
                 had
                 generously
                 advanced
                 his
                 
                 
                 companions
                 in
                 an
                 Assault
                 ,
                 and
                 gained
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Wall
                 before
                 them
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 Honoured
                 with
                 a
                 Crown
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 representing
                 the
                 battlements
                 of
                 a
                 City
                 wall
                 .
                 Another
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 substance
                 was
                 given
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 did
                 enter
                 first
                 into
                 the
                 Enemies
                 Camp
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Castrensis
                   Corona
                
                 .
                 Thus
                 after
                 
                 a
                 Victory
                 at
                 Sea
                 ,
                 the
                 Admiral
                 ,
                 named
                 
                   Navium
                   praefectus
                
                 ,
                 did
                 give
                 Crowns
                 of
                 Gold
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 did
                 enter
                 first
                 into
                 the
                 Ships
                 of
                 the
                 Enemy
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 were
                 very
                 careful
                 to
                 
                 reward
                 and
                 encourage
                 Virtue
                 in
                 those
                 Men
                 who
                 did
                 manage
                 their
                 Publick
                 Interest
                 ;
                 or
                 in
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 engaged
                 to
                 maintain
                 their
                 Quarrels
                 .
                 By
                 this
                 means
                 they
                 came
                 to
                 have
                 the
                 best
                 Soldiers
                 in
                 the
                 world
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 Rewards
                 granted
                 to
                 the
                 meanest
                 sort
                 of
                 Soldiers
                 ,
                 was
                 nothing
                 in
                 comparison
                 of
                 the
                 Honours
                 and
                 Recompenses
                 which
                 they
                 did
                 bestow
                 upon
                 the
                 generous
                 and
                 successful
                 Commandess
                 .
                 After
                 a
                 famous
                 Victory
                 ,
                 the
                 Army
                 did
                 grant
                 to
                 their
                 Generals
                 this
                 Title
                 of
                 Honour
                 ,
                 Imperator
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 send
                 Letters
                 adorned
                 with
                 Lawrel
                 to
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 to
                 require
                 from
                 them
                 the
                 Confirmation
                 of
                 that
                 Title
                 ,
                 with
                 publick
                 Processions
                 and
                 Prayers
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 all
                 the
                 Roman
                 
                 People
                 did
                 assist
                 in
                 Pomp
                 ,
                 marching
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 Temples
                 of
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 to
                 pray
                 for
                 the
                 prosperity
                 of
                 their
                 General
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 performed
                 in
                 his
                 absence
                 :
                 At
                 his
                 return
                 home
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 sometimes
                 receive
                 him
                 in
                 Triumph
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 lesser
                 Triumph
                 ,
                 named
                 Ovatio
                 ,
                 a
                 
                 Sheep
                 was
                 led
                 before
                 him
                 up
                 to
                 the
                 Capitol
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 did
                 sacrifice
                 it
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 .
                 Then
                 he
                 was
                 to
                 enter
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 upon
                 a
                 Horse
                 ,
                 crowned
                 with
                 a
                 branch
                 of
                 Myrtle
                 ,
                 because
                 he
                 had
                 been
                 successful
                 ,
                 and
                 victorious
                 without
                 much
                 Blood-shed
                 .
                 The
                 greater
                 Triumph
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 most
                 glorious
                 in
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 greatest
                 expression
                 of
                 Honour
                 and
                 Grandeur
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 allowed
                 by
                 the
                 Senate
                 to
                 their
                 Generals
                 abroad
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 enlarged
                 the
                 Bounds
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 kill'd
                 in
                 encounters
                 with
                 the
                 Enemy
                 above
                 5000
                 Men.
                 The
                 General
                 ,
                 with
                 his
                 Army
                 did
                 enter
                 
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 in
                 great
                 Pomp.
                 All
                 the
                 Soldiers
                 were
                 crowned
                 with
                 Lawrels
                 ,
                 and
                 cloathed
                 with
                 stately
                 and
                 rich
                 Attire
                 .
                 The
                 General
                 with
                 a
                 Crown
                 of
                 Triumph
                 of
                 pure
                 Gold
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Senate
                 did
                 send
                 unto
                 him
                 ,
                 was
                 to
                 ride
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 upon
                 a
                 stately
                 Chariot
                 .
                 Some
                 have
                 been
                 drawn
                 by
                 strange
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 as
                 Elephants
                 ,
                 and
                 Dromedaries
                 .
                 He
                 was
                 cloathed
                 in
                 a
                 Purple
                 Robe
                 called
                 Trabea
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Tunick
                 richly
                 beset
                 with
                 Gold
                 ,
                 Pearls
                 and
                 Jewels
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 branch
                 of
                 Lawrel
                 in
                 his
                 hand
                 .
                 Sometimes
                 before
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 
                 after
                 him
                 ,
                 were
                 led
                 in
                 Chains
                 the
                 Captives
                 .
                 The
                 Princes
                 and
                 Kings
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 been
                 overcome
                 and
                 taken
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 lheir
                 Spoils
                 and
                 Riches
                 .
                 All
                 that
                 could
                 serve
                 for
                 ostentation
                 ,
                 was
                 then
                 publickly
                 carryed
                 in
                 Pomp
                 ,
                 to
                 Honour
                 the
                 Triumph
                 of
                 the
                 Conqueror
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 being
                 then
                 full
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 the
                 Countrey
                 round
                 about
                 ,
                 who
                 
                 
                 did
                 flock
                 together
                 to
                 be
                 eye-witnesses
                 of
                 the
                 Glory
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 ,
                 that
                 did
                 then
                 appear
                 to
                 the
                 world
                 .
                 The
                 Senate
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 all
                 the
                 Persons
                 of
                 Quality
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 welcome
                 the
                 Conquerour
                 home
                 at
                 the
                 Gates
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 lead
                 him
                 to
                 the
                 Capitol
                 through
                 the
                 Acclamations
                 ,
                 and
                 wonderful
                 Rejoycings
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 that
                 did
                 besiege
                 the
                 ways
                 :
                 When
                 he
                 came
                 to
                 the
                 Capitol
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 there
                 
                 to
                 sacrifice
                 a
                 Bull
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ;
                 And
                 if
                 he
                 had
                 been
                 so
                 happy
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 kill
                 with
                 his
                 own
                 hand
                 a
                 General
                 of
                 the
                 Enemy
                 in
                 Battle
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 take
                 from
                 him
                 his
                 Armour
                 and
                 Weapons
                 ,
                 called
                 then
                 Opima
                 ,
                 not
                 
                   Optima
                   spolia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 Dedicate
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Jupiter
                   Feretrius
                
                 ,
                 causing
                 them
                 to
                 be
                 hung
                 up
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 his
                 valour
                 and
                 success
                 .
                 When
                 the
                 Conquerour
                 did
                 pas
                 through
                 the
                 Streets
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 sometimes
                 cast
                 Medals
                 of
                 Gold
                 amongst
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 divert
                 them
                 many
                 days
                 with
                 publick
                 sports
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 Senate
                 did
                 cause
                 at
                 the
                 Publick
                 charge
                 *
                 
                   Arcus
                   Triumphales
                
                 ,
                 stately
                 Monuments
                 of
                 Triumph
                 to
                 be
                 erected
                 in
                 Honour
                 of
                 the
                 victorious
                 General
                 ,
                 with
                 Trophies
                 of
                 Spoils
                 ,
                 and
                 Weapons
                 of
                 the
                 Enemy
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 commonly
                 conclude
                 the
                 solemnity
                 with
                 a
                 *
                 great
                 Feast
                 ,
                 unto
                 which
                 all
                 Persons
                 of
                 Quality
                 were
                 invited
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                     Non
                     albana
                     mihi
                     sit
                     commessatio
                     tanti
                     ,
                  
                   
                     nec
                     capitolinae
                     ,
                     pontificumque
                     dapes
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
           
             
             
               A
               Short
               COLLECTION
               Of
               the
               FAMOUS
               MYSTERIES
               Of
               the
               EGYPTIANS
               ,
               Named
               HIEROGLYPHICKS
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Preface
                 .
              
               
                 ALl
                 humane
                 Sciencies
                 hare
                 flourished
                 amongst
                 the
                 Egyptians
                 many
                 years
                 ;
                 Abraham
                 first
                 brought
                 unto
                 them
                 the
                 Rudiments
                 of
                 Philosophy
                 ,
                 which
                 
                 his
                 Grand-child
                 Jacob
                 fully
                 taught
                 unto
                 them
                 :
                 His
                 son
                 Joseph
                 ,
                 a
                 great
                 favourer
                 of
                 Learning
                 ,
                 furnished
                 their
                 Priests
                 with
                 such
                 Revenues
                 ,
                 as
                 might
                 entertain
                 them
                 
                 
                 in
                 their
                 Studies
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 performance
                 of
                 their
                 Offices
                 .
                 The
                 Graecians
                 in
                 the
                 days
                 of
                 Solon
                 ,
                 of
                 Pythagoras
                 ,
                 of
                 Heredotus
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Plato
                 ,
                 did
                 fetch
                 from
                 Egypt
                 all
                 the
                 knowledges
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 which
                 rendred
                 them
                 so
                 Famous
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 Egyptian
                 Priests
                 ,
                 unto
                 whom
                 it
                 did
                 belong
                 to
                 teach
                 ,
                 did
                 not
                 suffer
                 their
                 Doctrines
                 without
                 a
                 shaddow
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 dark
                 Emblem
                 .
                 Their
                 manner
                 was
                 to
                 discover
                 unto
                 their
                 Auditors
                 the
                 Mysteries
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Nature
                 in
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 certain
                 visible
                 shapes
                 and
                 forms
                 of
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 whose
                 inclinations
                 and
                 dispositions
                 did
                 lead
                 to
                 the
                 knowledge
                 of
                 the
                 Truths
                 ,
                 intended
                 for
                 Instruction
                 .
                 All
                 their
                 Divinity
                 ,
                 their
                 Philosophy
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 greatest
                 secrets
                 ,
                 were
                 comprehended
                 in
                 these
                 ingenious
                 Characters
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 that
                 they
                 should
                 be
                 prophaned
                 by
                 the
                 inquisition
                 and
                 acquaintance
                 of
                 the
                 Common
                 People
                 .
                 The
                 Learned
                 of
                 Antiquity
                 seem
                 not
                 willing
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 share
                 in
                 any
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 profound
                 sciences
                 ;
                 therefore
                 Alexander
                 was
                 displeased
                 at
                 his
                 Master
                 Aristotle
                 ,
                 for
                 publishing
                 some
                 of
                 his
                 Treatises
                 that
                 contain
                 the
                 Curiosities
                 of
                 Nature
                 in
                 the
                 common
                 Language
                 .
                 Doubtless
                 the
                 Heathens
                 had
                 very
                 good
                 reasons
                 to
                 keep
                 from
                 the
                 Vulgar
                 some
                 of
                 their
                 Mysteries
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 did
                 see
                 what
                 we
                 have
                 experienced
                 to
                 our
                 sorrow
                 ,
                 That
                 too
                 much
                 knowledge
                 is
                 as
                 dangerous
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 stupid
                 Ignorance
                 ,
                 when
                 such
                 do
                 possess
                 it
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 not
                 wisdom
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 right
                 use
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 Sublime
                 Mysteries
                 in
                 the
                 shallow
                 pates
                 of
                 the
                 Commonalty
                 ,
                 
                 do
                 serve
                 but
                 to
                 fill
                 their
                 minds
                 with
                 lofty
                 conceits
                 of
                 their
                 excellency
                 ;
                 For
                 as
                 their
                 worldly
                 Affairs
                 cannot
                 suffer
                 them
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 their
                 business
                 to
                 study
                 ,
                 they
                 can
                 never
                 attain
                 but
                 to
                 the
                 imperfect
                 knowledge
                 of
                 a
                 few
                 Notions
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 apt
                 to
                 bewitch
                 them
                 with
                 an
                 invincible
                 fancy
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 sufficiency
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 despise
                 the
                 wholsom
                 admonitions
                 of
                 their
                 Teachers
                 .
                 I
                 consess
                 we
                 are
                 not
                 to
                 opppose
                 Gods
                 command
                 of
                 permitting
                 the
                 People
                 to
                 enjoy
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 his
                 holy
                 word
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 the
                 concern
                 of
                 this
                 divided
                 Nation
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 such
                 prudent
                 Ministers
                 in
                 every
                 Parish
                 ,
                 that
                 can
                 know
                 what
                 to
                 Preach
                 to
                 their
                 Auditors
                 .
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 very
                 dangerous
                 to
                 declare
                 indifferently
                 any
                 Mystery
                 unto
                 them
                 .
                 
                   S.
                   Paul's
                
                 wisdom
                 could
                 pro-Vide
                 Milk
                 for
                 Babes
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 strong
                 meats
                 for
                 grown
                 sttomaks
                 .
                 Knowledge
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 fitted
                 to
                 the
                 capacities
                 of
                 every
                 one
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 Truths
                 are
                 more
                 useful
                 concealed
                 than
                 divulged
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 neither
                 just
                 nor
                 proper
                 that
                 the
                 sublime
                 Inquiries
                 of
                 the
                 learned
                 Brains
                 ,
                 concerning
                 many
                 Mysteries
                 ,
                 should
                 be
                 as
                 ordinary
                 as
                 
                   A
                   B
                   C.
                
                 The
                 wise
                 Priests
                 of
                 the
                 Egyptians
                 for
                 this
                 cause
                 ,
                 did
                 vail
                 their
                 knowledges
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 shadow
                 of
                 their
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 view
                 of
                 every
                 Mechannick
                 .
                 But
                 these
                 ingenious
                 Inventions
                 were
                 contrived
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 to
                 hinder
                 the
                 sublime
                 knowledge
                 of
                 Philosophy
                 from
                 being
                 prophaned
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 abbreviate
                 the
                 diffused
                 Notions
                 of
                 that
                 science
                 ,
                 and
                 fit
                 them
                 for
                 a
                 more
                 easie
                 
                 comprehension
                 ,
                 and
                 ●or
                 a
                 better
                 retention
                 of
                 them
                 in
                 our
                 memories
                 .
                 Every
                 name
                 is
                 an
                 abbreviation
                 of
                 a
                 Thing
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 able
                 to
                 give
                 such
                 a
                 perfect
                 Idaea
                 of
                 the
                 Properties
                 and
                 hidden
                 Qualities
                 of
                 the
                 Things
                 intimated
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Picture
                 of
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 witty
                 Hieroglyphick
                 .
                 The
                 Great
                 Creator
                 of
                 all
                 things
                 hath
                 been
                 pleased
                 to
                 discover
                 unto
                 us
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 his
                 Divine
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 excellencies
                 of
                 his
                 Being
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Old
                 Testament
                 the
                 Mysteries
                 of
                 the
                 Gospel
                 were
                 delivered
                 to
                 the
                 Children
                 of
                 Israel
                 in
                 Types
                 a●d
                 Figures
                 .
                 And
                 in
                 the
                 great
                 Book
                 of
                 Nature
                 God
                 teacheth
                 us
                 by
                 Mysterious
                 Impressions
                 of
                 himself
                 by
                 Natural
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 ,
                 by
                 certain
                 significant
                 Images
                 of
                 his
                 Glorious
                 Being
                 .
                 We
                 may
                 therefore
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 these
                 witty
                 contrivances
                 of
                 the
                 Egyptian
                 Priests
                 ,
                 were
                 designed
                 to
                 bring
                 men
                 to
                 a
                 more
                 easie
                 discovery
                 of
                 the
                 meaning
                 of
                 all
                 Gods
                 works
                 in
                 the
                 World.
                 They
                 were
                 as
                 the
                 Elements
                 to
                 enable
                 us
                 to
                 understand
                 the
                 Glory
                 ,
                 the
                 Power
                 ,
                 the
                 Wisdom
                 ,
                 t●e
                 Goodness
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Attributes
                 of
                 God.
                 
              
               
                 These
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 are
                 also
                 useful
                 for
                 our
                 Belief
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 persuade
                 men
                 to
                 embrace
                 Virtue
                 and
                 Piety
                 ;
                 for
                 when
                 they
                 shall
                 see
                 Brute-Beasts
                 inclinable
                 to
                 good
                 manners
                 ,
                 They
                 cannot
                 but
                 think
                 it
                 a
                 great
                 Disgrace
                 to
                 the
                 reasonableness
                 of
                 their
                 Nature
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 did
                 suffer
                 them
                 〈◊〉
                 ●xcell
                 in
                 this
                 particular
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Egyptians
                 had
                 also
                 a
                 design
                 to
                 render
                 their
                 Knowledges
                 immortal
                 ,
                 by
                 th●se
                 Inventions
                 .
                 I
                 am
                 certain
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 they
                 did
                 engrave
                 their
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 upon
                 Obelisks
                 upon
                 Pillars
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 as
                 Lucan
                 saith
                 ,
                 
                   
                     Non
                     dum
                     flumin
                     eos
                     Memphis
                     conte●ere
                     libros
                  
                   
                     Noverat
                     ,
                     in
                     saxis
                     tantùm
                     volucresque
                     feraeque
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Sculptaque
                     servabant
                     magicas
                     animalia
                     linguas
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 But
                 they
                 did
                 not
                 only
                 express
                 Things
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 secret
                 Knowledges
                 by
                 their
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 whole
                 sentences
                 .
                 They
                 did
                 write
                 all
                 their
                 Rules
                 and
                 Precepts
                 relating
                 to
                 the
                 Worship
                 of
                 their
                 Gods
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 the
                 Government
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 .
                 I
                 am
                 informed
                 by
                 some
                 Worthy
                 and
                 credible
                 Persons
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 been
                 Factors
                 in
                 India
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 there
                 are
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 Nations
                 ,
                 whose
                 Languages
                 are
                 as
                 different
                 as
                 Greek
                 and
                 Hebrew
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 they
                 understand
                 the
                 Writings
                 of
                 one
                 another
                 :
                 so
                 that
                 what
                 one
                 writes
                 in
                 one
                 Language
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 can
                 read
                 in
                 another
                 ,
                 〈…〉
                 be
                 but
                 by
                 certain
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 〈…〉
                 Characters
                 ,
                 Representing
                 the
                 〈◊〉
                 of
                 things
                 which
                 are
                 known
                 to
                 men
                 of
                 all
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 ●ongues
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 not
                 long
                 since
                 the
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 had
                 a
                 Writing
                 of
                 this
                 nature
                 
                 sent
                 to
                 him
                 from
                 an
                 Eminent
                 Person
                 of
                 the
                 Court
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 for
                 him
                 to
                 interpret
                 .
                 But
                 that
                 we
                 may
                 treat
                 of
                 these
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 with
                 order
                 ,
                 we
                 shall
                 view
                 those
                 that
                 relate
                 to
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 his
                 outward
                 Works
                 .
                 2.
                 
                 Those
                 that
                 concern
                 man.
                 3.
                 
                 We
                 shall
                 consider
                 several
                 other
                 Inventions
                 of
                 this
                 kind
                 concerning
                 Birds
                 ,
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 and
                 Fishes
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
            
             
               
               
                 CHAP.
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 GOD
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 His
                 Works
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 look
                 upon
                 the
                 World
                 as
                 the
                 great
                 Image
                 of
                 God.
                 One
                 of
                 their
                 Divinities
                 was
                 named
                 Kneph
                 ,
                 He
                 was
                 represented
                 
                 as
                 a
                 beautiful
                 man
                 with
                 Feathers
                 upon
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 a
                 Girdle
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Scepter
                 in
                 his
                 hand
                 ;
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 mouth
                 did
                 proc●ed
                 an
                 Egg
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ;
                 For
                 the
                 shell
                 of
                 it
                 expresseth
                 very
                 well
                 the
                 Heavens
                 ,
                 that
                 do
                 shut
                 in
                 all
                 visible
                 things
                 on
                 every
                 side
                 ;
                 the
                 white
                 is
                 an
                 Emblem
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 and
                 Water
                 ;
                 the
                 yellow
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 which
                 contains
                 in
                 it
                 a
                 secret
                 virtue
                 that
                 causeth
                 it
                 to
                 produce
                 living
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 a
                 natural
                 heat
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 coming
                 forth
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 shews
                 how
                 he
                 is
                 the
                 great
                 Creator
                 of
                 the
                 universe
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 all
                 visible
                 Beings
                 have
                 been
                 formed
                 by
                 the
                 Power
                 of
                 the
                 Eternal
                 Word
                 of
                 God.
                 
              
               
               
               
               
               
               
                 They
                 did
                 also
                 Picture
                 Almighty
                 God
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 a
                 Man
                 covered
                 with
                 a
                 long
                 Garment
                 ,
                 bearing
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 a
                 Hawk
                 :
                 For
                 the
                 excellency
                 ,
                 the
                 courage
                 ,
                 the
                 nimbleness
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 good
                 qualities
                 of
                 this
                 Bird
                 ,
                 do
                 shadow
                 out
                 unto
                 us
                 the
                 incomprehensible
                 Perfections
                 of
                 its
                 Great
                 Creator
                 .
                 The
                 Sun
                 was
                 also
                 represented
                 by
                 this
                 Bird
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 a
                 perfect
                 Emblem
                 of
                 its
                 Powerful
                 influences
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 :
                 some
                 do
                 observe
                 that
                 this
                 Creature
                 can
                 stedfastly
                 look
                 on
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 Bones
                 of
                 it
                 do
                 draw
                 to
                 them
                 the
                 Metal
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 Gold
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Lode
                 ▪
                 stone
                 ,
                 Iron
                 .
                 God
                 was
                 also
                 adored
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Crocodile
                 ,
                 because
                 that
                 Creature
                 only
                 is
                 without
                 Tongue
                 :
                 The
                 witty
                 Egyptians
                 therefore
                 did
                 represent
                 by
                 it
                 ,
                 how
                 God
                 beholds
                 all
                 things
                 in
                 Heaven
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 Earth
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Profound
                 silence
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Capacious
                 Heaven
                 they
                 understand
                 to
                 be
                 an
                 expression
                 of
                 his
                 Divine
                 Majesty
                 ;
                 therefore
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 Adore
                 the
                 Circle
                 of
                 the
                 Heavens
                 .
                 The
                 Light
                 is
                 an
                 Emblem
                 of
                 his
                 Wisdom
                 ;
                 the
                 Roundness
                 of
                 his
                 Power
                 and
                 Perfections
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Caelestial
                 Heat
                 of
                 the
                 tenderness
                 of
                 his
                 Love.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 sometimes
                 Represent
                 the
                 Providence
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 Basilisk
                 with
                 a
                 Hawks
                 head
                 and
                 eyes
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 other
                 Creature
                 fuller
                 of
                 spirits
                 and
                 of
                 vigour
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 said
                 that
                 it
                 kills
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 ,
                 only
                 by
                 sending
                 out
                 of
                 its
                 eyes
                 ,
                 a
                 secret
                 Poyson
                 ,
                 which
                 it
                 conveys
                 to
                 the
                 Creature
                 ,
                 with
                 whom
                 it
                 is
                 displeased
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Power
                 of
                 God
                 they
                 did
                 express
                 by
                 ●anus
                 ,
                 with
                 three
                 heads
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 a
                 body
                 ,
                 having
                 neither
                 hands
                 nor
                 feet
                 ;
                 because
                 Almighty
                 God
                 governs
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 only
                 by
                 his
                 Wisdom
                 and
                 Pleasure
                 .
                 He
                 needs
                 no
                 visible
                 Members
                 to
                 act
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 and
                 produce
                 his
                 Wonders
                 ;
                 all
                 the
                 Elements
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 most
                 Rebellious
                 Creatures
                 shall
                 fulfil
                 his
                 Divine
                 Pleasure
                 against
                 their
                 will.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Providence
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Favour
                 of
                 Gods
                 Providence
                 ,
                 was
                 represented
                 by
                 a
                 great
                 Star
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ;
                 because
                 it
                 is
                 often
                 clouded
                 with
                 adversity
                 ,
                 and
                 never
                 shines
                 long
                 upon
                 us
                 without
                 interruption
                 .
                 And
                 because
                 God
                 hath
                 hid
                 the
                 secrets
                 of
                 his
                 Divine
                 Nature
                 in
                 the
                 works
                 that
                 appear
                 to
                 our
                 eyes
                 ,
                 the
                 Egyptian
                 Priests
                 did
                 represent
                 him
                 by
                 a
                 Man
                 sitting
                 upon
                 his
                 heels
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 his
                 lower
                 parts
                 covered
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Phoenicians
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 famous
                 Merchants
                 ,
                 and
                 who
                 scarce
                 knew
                 any
                 other
                 God
                 besides
                 their
                 Gold
                 ,
                 Painted
                 their
                 Idols
                 with
                 large
                 Purses
                 at
                 their
                 sides
                 full
                 of
                 Money
                 .
                 Jupiter
                 was
                 sometimes
                 Represented
                 without
                 Ears
                 ,
                 to
                 express
                 how
                 God
                 seems
                 not
                 to
                 listen
                 nor
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 the
                 Prophaness
                 of
                 Men
                 ,
                 nor
                 of
                 their
                 impious
                 Discourses
                 .
                 One
                 hundred
                 hands
                 were
                 given
                 to
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 many
                 feet
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 multiplicity
                 of
                 Effects
                 which
                 proceed
                 from
                 his
                 agency
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 he
                 sustains
                 all
                 things
                 from
                 falling
                 into
                 a
                 confusion
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Goddess
                 Isis
                 was
                 full
                 of
                 Duggs
                 ,
                 to
                 signify
                 the
                 Benefits
                 that
                 Men
                 do
                 receive
                 from
                 the
                 happy
                 Influences
                 of
                 the
                 Moon
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 worshiped
                 by
                 the
                 statue
                 of
                 Isis
                 in
                 
                 Egypt
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Sai
                 this
                 Goddess
                 had
                 a
                 famo●s
                 Temple
                 ,
                 where
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 this
                 Inscription
                 ;
                 
                   I
                   am
                   all
                   that
                   was
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   shall
                   be
                   ,
                   my
                   Vail
                   no
                   Mortal
                   hath
                   yet
                   uncovered
                   .
                
                 These
                 Heathens
                 did
                 Prophanely
                 ascribe
                 to
                 their
                 breathless
                 Idols
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 their
                 Prototypes
                 ,
                 that
                 which
                 only
                 belongs
                 to
                 Almighty
                 God
                 ,
                 the
                 invisible
                 Creator
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Sun
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 glorious
                 of
                 all
                 visible
                 Beings
                 ,
                 was
                 adored
                 as
                 their
                 chief
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 represented
                 sitting
                 upon
                 a
                 Lyon
                 ,
                 with
                 Rayes
                 of
                 Light
                 about
                 his
                 head
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Bundle
                 of
                 Ears
                 of
                 Corn
                 in
                 one
                 hand
                 ,
                 to
                 express
                 the
                 Power
                 and
                 goodness
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 that
                 causeth
                 all
                 the
                 fruits
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 to
                 bring
                 forth
                 their
                 increase
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 perpetuity
                 and
                 durance
                 of
                 the
                 Heavens
                 ,
                 was
                 signifyed
                 by
                 a
                 Heart
                 ,
                 placed
                 upon
                 a
                 Cha●ing-dish
                 of
                 burning
                 Coals
                 ,
                 where
                 it
                 did
                 remain
                 ,
                 without
                 receiving
                 any
                 prejudice
                 ;
                 Thereby
                 these
                 wise
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 intend
                 to
                 intimate
                 unto
                 us
                 ,
                 how
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Heavens
                 subsist
                 intire
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 those
                 powerful
                 Elements
                 and
                 Beings
                 ,
                 who
                 do
                 struggle
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 dispute
                 the
                 place
                 one
                 with
                 another
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Sun
                 was
                 also
                 Pictured
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 ;
                 A
                 beautiful
                 young
                 Gallant
                 ,
                 standing
                 half
                 naked
                 in
                 a
                 Ship
                 ,
                 neatly
                 trimmed
                 ,
                 supported
                 
                 on
                 the
                 back
                 of
                 a
                 great
                 Crocodile
                 ,
                 with
                 flames
                 of
                 Fire
                 round
                 about
                 it
                 .
                 These
                 several
                 particulars
                 are
                 mysterious
                 expressions
                 of
                 the
                 power
                 and
                 estate
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 in
                 this
                 lower
                 world
                 .
                 The
                 swiftness
                 of
                 his
                 motion
                 was
                 shadowed
                 by
                 a
                 winged
                 Horse
                 running
                 a
                 race
                 .
                 A
                 Beetle
                 ,
                 a
                 vile
                 insect
                 was
                 put
                 
                 to
                 signify
                 the
                 Sun.
                 This
                 kind
                 of
                 Beetle
                 bears
                 the
                 perfect
                 image
                 of
                 a
                 Cats-head
                 .
                 Now
                 the
                 Naturalists
                 have
                 observed
                 ,
                 that
                 Cats
                 do
                 see
                 best
                 when
                 the
                 Sun
                 approaches
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 their
                 Eye-sight
                 decayes
                 as
                 it
                 goes
                 down
                 in
                 the
                 evening
                 .
                 The
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 also
                 put
                 the
                 rarest
                 of
                 all
                 Birds
                 to
                 expresse
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 the
                 rarest
                 of
                 all
                 visible
                 Beings
                 ▪
                 for
                 they
                 did
                 paint
                 a
                 Phoenix
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 H●eroglyphick
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 did
                 a
                 Raddish
                 and
                 an
                 Onion
                 to
                 expresse
                 the
                 Moon
                 .
              
               
                 
                 A
                 Cynocephalus
                 ,
                 was
                 also
                 the
                 Enigme
                 of
                 the
                 Moon
                 ;
                 for
                 by
                 the
                 different
                 postures
                 of
                 this
                 strange
                 Animal
                 ,
                 the
                 different
                 motions
                 of
                 the
                 Moon
                 are
                 signifyed
                 .
                 To
                 express
                 the
                 rising
                 and
                 increase
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 painted
                 standing
                 right
                 up
                 ,
                 upon
                 its
                 hindermost
                 feet
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 decrease
                 ,
                 this
                 Beast
                 was
                 laid
                 upon
                 its
                 back
                 as
                 dead
                 ,
                 for
                 Naturalists
                 do
                 observe
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Apes
                 do
                 Sympathize
                 with
                 the
                 Moon
                 :
                 Therefore
                 some
                 were
                 nourished
                 in
                 Egypt
                 by
                 the
                 Learned
                 ,
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 discover
                 more
                 easily
                 the
                 Mysteries
                 relating
                 to
                 the
                 Moon
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 its
                 Conjunction
                 with
                 ,
                 and
                 Opposition
                 to
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 A
                 Cat
                 was
                 another
                 
                   H●eroglyphick
                   ▪
                
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Moon
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 cau●●
                 Cats
                 were
                 so
                 highly
                 honoured
                 amongst
                 the
                 Egyptians
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 receive
                 their
                 Sacrifices
                 an●
                 their
                 Devotions
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 have
                 stately
                 Temples
                 erected
                 in
                 Honour
                 of
                 them
                 .
                 It
                 seem●
                 that
                 their
                 witty
                 inventions
                 occasioned
                 the
                 extravagancy
                 of
                 their
                 Devotion
                 ,
                 and
                 rendred
                 them
                 ridiculous
                 to
                 all
                 Nations
                 ▪
                 for
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 possessed
                 with
                 an
                 O
                 pinion
                 that
                 God
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 adored
                 in
                 those
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 did
                 manifest
                 himself
                 ,
                 the●
                 did
                 fondly
                 abuse
                 that
                 homage
                 ,
                 which
                 wa●
                 only
                 due
                 unto
                 him
                 ,
                 by
                 ascribing
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 V●lest
                 Beings
                 .
                 The
                 World
                 was
                 represented
                 〈◊〉
                 a
                 round
                 Temple
                 ,
                 because
                 Divine
                 Majesty
                 hath
                 created
                 it
                 for
                 his
                 own
                 Glory
                 ,
                 to
                 receive
                 in
                 it
                 the
                 Respects
                 of
                 all
                 Creature●
                 and
                 because
                 it
                 appears
                 like
                 a
                 large
                 and
                 〈◊〉
                 beautiful
                 Edifice
                 ,
                 excellently
                 well
                 adorned
                 supported
                 by
                 the
                 Power
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 covered
                 with
                 the
                 Heavens
                 ,
                 and
                 distinguished
                 into
                 several
                 apartments
                 :
                 But
                 to
                 express
                 the
                 Harmony
                 and
                 rare
                 correspondency
                 that
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 between
                 the
                 several
                 parts
                 that
                 compose
                 it
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 put
                 the
                 Picture
                 of
                 Pa●
                 with
                 two
                 Horns
                 upon
                 his
                 head
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Ran●
                 of
                 seven
                 slender
                 Pipes
                 in
                 his
                 hand
                 ,
                 so
                 joyned
                 together
                 ,
                 that
                 〈◊〉
                 M●sick
                 could
                 make
                 a
                 pleasant
                 Cons●r●
                 .
                 The
                 two
                 Hornes
                 are
                 taken
                 for
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Garment
                 of
                 ●
                 Leopards
                 skin
                 about
                 ●is
                 shoulders
                 ,
                 did
                 represent
                 t●e
                 beaut●ful
                 variety
                 of
                 the
                 Sta●s
                 ▪
                 The
                 ordinary
                 H●eroglyphick
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 
                 was
                 a
                 Globe
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 were
                 represented
                 the
                 Circles
                 of
                 the
                 Zodiack
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Signs
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 round
                 about
                 ,
                 a
                 multitude
                 of
                 Stars
                 .
                 This
                 Globe
                 was
                 supported
                 on
                 the
                 back
                 of
                 a
                 Man
                 upon
                 his
                 knees
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 covered
                 with
                 his
                 long
                 Garment
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 how
                 the
                 World
                 is
                 upheld
                 by
                 the
                 Power
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 who
                 seems
                 to
                 be
                 covered
                 to
                 the
                 lower
                 Ranks
                 of
                 Creatures
                 with
                 divers
                 Emblems
                 and
                 dark
                 shadows
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 intended
                 to
                 point
                 out
                 the
                 continual
                 mutation
                 of
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 change
                 of
                 one
                 Being
                 into
                 another
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 they
                 d●d
                 put
                 a
                 Snake
                 representing
                 an
                 Orb
                 ,
                 biting
                 and
                 devouring
                 its
                 Tail
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 World
                 feeds
                 upon
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 receives
                 from
                 it self
                 a
                 continual
                 supply
                 of
                 those
                 things
                 that
                 Time
                 consume●h
                 .
                 Claudian
                 was
                 acquainted
                 with
                 this
                 Hieroglyphick
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 doth
                 ingeniously
                 express
                 ,
                 
                   
                     Perpetuumque
                     virens
                     squamis
                     ,
                     caudamque
                     reducto
                  
                   
                     Ore
                     vorans
                     ,
                     tacito
                     relegens
                     exordia
                     morsu
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 Year
                 was
                 also
                 signifyed
                 by
                 a
                 Serpent
                 ,
                 which
                 did
                 bite
                 its
                 tail
                 :
                 because
                 it
                 did
                 run
                 round
                 ,
                 and
                 end
                 where
                 it
                 began
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 World
                 was
                 also
                 represented
                 in
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Serapis
                 in
                 Egypt
                 ,
                 which
                 stood
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Alexandria
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 this
                 God
                 ,
                 made
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Metals
                 ,
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 prodigious
                 bignesse
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 filled
                 the
                 Temple
                 ,
                 and
                 reach●
                 with
                 the
                 head
                 to
                 the
                 
                 Roof
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 the
                 hands
                 to
                 both
                 sides
                 .
                 The
                 Golden
                 Head
                 of
                 this
                 Idol
                 did
                 signifie
                 the
                 Heavens
                 ;
                 the
                 Shoulders
                 and
                 Stomack
                 ,
                 the
                 Air
                 ;
                 the
                 Belly
                 ,
                 the
                 Sea
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Earth
                 was
                 expressed
                 by
                 the
                 Feet
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Idol
                 speaks
                 of
                 it self
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                     ,
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                     ,
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                     ,
                  
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                    
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 excellent
                 agreement
                 of
                 the
                 Elements
                 in
                 the
                 Generation
                 of
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 was
                 represented
                 by
                 an
                 Otter
                 or
                 an
                 Austrich
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 subsist
                 by
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 two
                 Elements
                 ▪
              
               
                 Here
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 amiss
                 to
                 examine
                 a
                 difficulty
                 which
                 we
                 do
                 frequently
                 meet
                 with
                 in
                 the
                 Heathenish
                 Authors
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 these
                 Verses
                 of
                 Lucan
                 ,
                 
                   
                     Ignotum
                     vobis
                     Arabes
                     venistis
                     in
                     orbem
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Vmbras
                     mirati
                     nemorum
                     non
                     ire
                     sinistras
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Right
                 Hand
                 and
                 the
                 Left
                 Hand
                 of
                 ●he
                 World
                 are
                 often
                 mentioned
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 dispute
                 amongst
                 the
                 Learned
                 concerning
                 this
                 particular
                 .
                 But
                 it
                 is
                 certain
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 difference
                 proceeds
                 from
                 their
                 different
                 manner
                 of
                 beholding
                 the
                 Sun
                 and
                 the
                 Stars
                 .
                 The
                 Philosophers
                 ,
                 as
                 Aristotle
                 and
                 Plato
                 ,
                 do
                 make
                 the
                 East
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Right
                 Hand
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 the
                 West
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 left
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 consider
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 the
                 Stars
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 far
                 greater
                 in
                 the
                 Oriental
                 parts
                 ,
                 than
                 in
                 the
                 Occidental
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 is
                 th
                 e
                 begining
                 of
                 motion
                 ,
                 or
                 because
                 the
                 Philosophers
                 and
                 Astrologers
                 did
                 continually
                 observe
                 the
                 motion
                 of
                 the
                 Stars
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Northern
                 Pole
                 ,
                 which
                 caused
                 them
                 to
                 stand
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 East
                 was
                 on
                 their
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 West
                 on
                 their
                 left
                 .
                 Now
                 the
                 Poets
                 do
                 adore
                 the
                 rising
                 Sun
                 ,
                 therefore
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 the
                 South
                 is
                 on
                 their
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 North
                 on
                 their
                 left
                 .
                 The
                 Augures
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Egyptian
                 Priests
                 ●id
                 thus
                 consider
                 the
                 Sun
                 in
                 making
                 their
                 Observations
                 ,
                 therefore
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 in
                 all
                 their
                 writings
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 is
                 the
                 South
                 ;
                 from
                 hence
                 it
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 sinister
                 the
                 left
                 ,
                 signi●ies
                 unhappy
                 :
                 For
                 the
                 Heathens
                 lodged
                 all
                 the
                 evil
                 Daemons
                 under
                 the
                 Northern
                 Pole
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 these
                 frozen
                 Climates
                 that
                 are
                 subject
                 to
                 it
                 ;
                 whereas
                 they
                 did
                 imagine
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 good
                 Genij
                 did
                 commonly
                 converse
                 in
                 the
                 Southern
                 Countreys
                 .
                 The
                 Holy
                 Scripture
                 seems
                 to
                 favour
                 this
                 Opinion
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 saith
                 that
                 
                   all
                   evil
                   shall
                
                 
                 
                   come
                   from
                   the
                   North
                
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 another
                 place
                 ,
                 
                   from
                   the
                   North
                   all
                   evils
                   shall
                   flow
                   upon
                   the
                   earth
                   .
                
                 It
                 is
                 certan
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Northern
                 Nations
                 are
                 more
                 War-like
                 ,
                 more
                 fierce
                 and
                 cruel
                 than
                 the
                 Southern
                 People
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 coldnesse
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 hardens
                 both
                 their
                 Minds
                 and
                 Bod●es
                 .
                 All
                 the
                 Armies
                 of
                 People
                 ,
                 that
                 
                 have
                 over
                 ▪
                 run
                 and
                 d●str●yed
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 proceed
                 from
                 the
                 North.
                 The
                 Go●hs
                 and
                 Vandals
                 ,
                 and
                 before
                 them
                 ,
                 ●he
                 Scythians
                 in
                 Asia
                 ,
                 the
                 Normans
                 the
                 Huns
                 and
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 the
                 Turks
                 and
                 
                   Tartars
                   ▪
                
                 have
                 plagued
                 the
                 Southern
                 Nations
                 ,
                 and
                 forced
                 them
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Dwellings
                 .
                 The
                 Sar●cens
                 and
                 Romans
                 may
                 be
                 excepted
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 ●atter
                 may
                 be
                 reckoned
                 amongst
                 our
                 Northern
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 former
                 never
                 made
                 any
                 great
                 progresse
                 in
                 their
                 Conquests
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 Turks
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Scythian
                 Nations
                 had
                 mingled
                 amongst
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 entry
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Temples
                 of
                 Egypt
                 ,
                 a
                 Sphinx
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 to
                 intimate
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 Gods
                 there
                 worshipped
                 ,
                 were
                 mysteriously
                 represented
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 common
                 People
                 could
                 never
                 understand
                 the
                 meaning
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Images
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 their
                 postures
                 ,
                 without
                 an
                 Interpreter
                 .
              
               
                 
                 A
                 Lyon
                 wiping
                 out
                 with
                 its
                 Tail
                 the
                 impressions
                 of
                 its
                 Feet
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 Creator
                 ,
                 covering
                 over
                 the
                 marks
                 of
                 his
                 Divinity
                 by
                 the
                 works
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 and
                 hiding
                 his
                 immediate
                 Power
                 by
                 the
                 visible
                 Agency
                 of
                 inferior
                 Beings
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 reported
                 of
                 the
                 Bear
                 ,
                 that
                 Nature
                 hath
                 taught
                 unto
                 it
                 that
                 cunning
                 ,
                 to
                 slide
                 in
                 backward
                 into
                 its
                 Den
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 being
                 discovered
                 by
                 the
                 greedy
                 Hunter
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 wicked
                 Angel
                 is
                 signifyed
                 by
                 a
                 Viper
                 ;
                 for
                 as
                 the
                 Poyson
                 of
                 Vipers
                 is
                 quick
                 and
                 powerful
                 ,
                 so
                 those
                 destroying
                 Spirits
                 are
                 
                 nimble
                 ,
                 in
                 bringing
                 to
                 pass
                 the
                 ruine
                 of
                 mankind
                 ,
                 and
                 nothing
                 can
                 oppose
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Grace
                 and
                 Power
                 of
                 God.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 put
                 a
                 Vulture
                 to
                 express
                 Nature
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Naturalists
                 do
                 tell
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 Bird
                 conceives
                 not
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 usual
                 manner
                 by
                 Copulation
                 with
                 with
                 a
                 Male
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 all
                 Females
                 ;
                 they
                 do
                 therefore
                 bring
                 forth
                 Eggs
                 ,
                 by
                 receiving
                 into
                 their
                 Bodies
                 the
                 Northern
                 wind
                 ,
                 or
                 as
                 some
                 say
                 ,
                 the
                 Western
                 ,
                 which
                 causeth
                 them
                 presently
                 to
                 conceive
                 .
                 Thus
                 Nature
                 brings
                 forth
                 many
                 Creatures
                 by
                 means
                 not
                 known
                 to
                 us
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Diana
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Moon
                 ,
                 was
                 represented
                 with
                 three
                 Heads
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 of
                 a
                 Dog
                 ,
                 the
                 2d
                 .
                 of
                 a
                 Horse
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 third
                 of
                 a
                 Man
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 different
                 effects
                 of
                 the
                 Moon
                 ,
                 in
                 Heaven
                 ,
                 in
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 Hell
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 the
                 bosom
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 .
              
               
                 Wisdom
                 ,
                 was
                 painted
                 as
                 a
                 beautiful
                 Woman
                 with
                 four
                 Ears
                 ,
                 and
                 four
                 Hands
                 ,
                 but
                 with
                 one
                 Tongue
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 hid
                 within
                 her
                 lips
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 shut
                 close
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 may
                 here
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 the
                 Priests
                 of
                 Egypt
                 did
                 Pray
                 to
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 appear
                 in
                 black
                 Cloaths
                 ,
                 whereas
                 other
                 Nations
                 did
                 make
                 their
                 addresses
                 only
                 to
                 the
                 infernal
                 Spirits
                 ,
                 with
                 Garments
                 of
                 that
                 colour
                 .
              
               
                 Truth
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 by
                 a
                 Heart
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 Lips
                 of
                 a
                 Man.
                 
              
               
               
                 Vnity
                 and
                 Wisdom
                 ,
                 were
                 represented
                 by
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 beautiful
                 Beams
                 .
                 Peace
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Worldly
                   Felicity
                
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 fruitful
                 Olive-●ree
                 .
                 Liberty
                 and
                 Pleasure
                 by
                 the
                 Vine
                 Chastity
                 by
                 Beans
                 .
                 A
                 
                   plentiful
                   increase
                
                 by
                 Mustard-Seed
                 ,
                 that
                 grows
                 up
                 into
                 many
                 branches
                 .
              
               
                 Argus
                 with
                 a
                 Head
                 full
                 of
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 did
                 signifie
                 this
                 great
                 World.
                 The
                 Eyes
                 of
                 our
                 Creator
                 are
                 every
                 where
                 ;
                 all
                 things
                 do
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 witnesses
                 of
                 our
                 behaviour
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 four
                 Elements
                 suspended
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 were
                 intimated
                 by
                 Juno
                 hang'd
                 up
                 by
                 Jupiter
                 in
                 the
                 Skie
                 ,
                 with
                 weights
                 at
                 her
                 Feet
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 Man
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 things
                 relating
                 to
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 MAns
                 Condition
                 in
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 by
                 these
                 Five
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 ;
                 the
                 Head
                 of
                 a
                 young
                 Infant
                 ,
                 an
                 old
                 Mans
                 Head
                 ,
                 a
                 Hawk
                 ,
                 a
                 Fish
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 River-horse
                 .
                 The
                 Infant
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 gray
                 Hairs
                 do
                 signifie
                 his
                 Death
                 ,
                 which
                 succeds
                 his
                 Birth
                 ;
                 The
                 Hawk
                 ,
                 Gods
                 love
                 to
                 Man
                 ;
                 the
                 Fish
                 ,
                 his
                 Death
                 and
                 Burial
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 River-horse
                 ,
                 the
                 irresistable
                 power
                 of
                 Death
                 ,
                 that
                 ●pares
                 no
                 Body
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 furious
                 Man
                 was
                 intimated
                 by
                 a
                 Lyon
                 ,
                 eating
                 up
                 his
                 Prey
                 .
                 A
                 Religious
                 Man
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 Lyon
                 running
                 from
                 a
                 Cock
                 ;
                 A
                 Whore
                 ,
                 
                 by
                 a
                 Lyon
                 with
                 a
                 Womans
                 Head
                 ,
                 because
                 her
                 Countenance
                 is
                 fair
                 ,
                 her
                 Speech
                 most
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 and
                 her
                 Allurements
                 powerful
                 ,
                 but
                 her
                 nature
                 is
                 ●ierce
                 &
                 cruel
                 ,
                 and
                 she
                 intends
                 only
                 to
                 prey
                 upon
                 both
                 Body
                 and
                 Estate
                 .
                 A
                 merciful
                 Man
                 ,
                 was
                 painted
                 by
                 a
                 Lyon
                 ,
                 having
                 compassion
                 on
                 a
                 Lamb
                 ,
                 lying
                 at
                 his
                 Feet
                 .
                 The
                 fury
                 and
                 impatiency
                 of
                 a
                 Lover
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 Lyon
                 devouring
                 a
                 Heart
                 .
                 A
                 King
                 was
                 signifyed
                 by
                 an
                 Elephant
                 ,
                 because
                 this
                 Beast
                 is
                 very
                 Noble
                 in
                 his
                 carriage
                 ,
                 and
                 can
                 never
                 bow
                 the
                 knee
                 :
                 besides
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 enemy
                 to
                 Serpents
                 ,
                 as
                 Princes
                 must
                 be
                 of
                 Theeves
                 and
                 Robbers
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 the
                 Serpents
                 of
                 a
                 Commonwealth
                 .
                 The
                 Elephants
                 are
                 very
                 bountiful
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 will
                 deliver
                 into
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 their
                 Favourites
                 ,
                 such
                 things
                 as
                 they
                 can
                 get
                 .
                 The
                 Elephant
                 is
                 very
                 temperate
                 and
                 just
                 ,
                 a
                 great
                 enemy
                 of
                 Hogs
                 and
                 filthy
                 Creatures
                 .
                 He
                 seems
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 greater
                 measure
                 of
                 Knowledge
                 and
                 Judgement
                 bestowed
                 upon
                 him
                 than
                 other
                 Brutes
                 ;
                 and
                 it
                 is
                 reported
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 doth
                 worship
                 every
                 new
                 Moon
                 towards
                 Heaven
                 ,
                 and
                 express
                 by
                 his
                 outward
                 actions
                 ,
                 some
                 sence
                 of
                 a
                 Supreme
                 Being
                 ;
                 therefore
                 he
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 Piety
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 of
                 a
                 kind
                 ,
                 and
                 harmless
                 nature
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Elephant
                 never
                 offends
                 creatures
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 hurtful
                 of
                 themselves
                 .
                 It
                 will
                 march
                 amongst
                 innocent
                 Lambs
                 ,
                 without
                 offering
                 the
                 least
                 injury
                 to
                 them
                 ;
                 whereas
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 offended
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 spare
                 nothing
                 ,
                 nor
                 dread
                 no
                 danger
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 
                 seek
                 a
                 revenge
                 :
                 For
                 that
                 purpose
                 ,
                 some
                 do
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 Nature
                 hath
                 provided
                 the
                 Elephant
                 ,
                 with
                 two
                 Hearts
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 inclines
                 him
                 to
                 Peace
                 ,
                 to
                 Mercy
                 ,
                 and
                 goodness
                 ;
                 the
                 other
                 when
                 he
                 is
                 affronted
                 ,
                 moves
                 him
                 to
                 take
                 Vengeance
                 .
                 All
                 these
                 Observations
                 of
                 the
                 Elephant
                 ,
                 caused
                 the
                 Egyptian
                 Wi●e-men
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 him
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 King
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 a
                 promoter
                 of
                 Justice
                 ,
                 a
                 protector
                 of
                 Peace
                 ,
                 a
                 friend
                 of
                 all
                 moral
                 Virtues
                 ,
                 an
                 Enemy
                 of
                 voluptuous
                 swine
                 .
                 He
                 is
                 harmless
                 amongst
                 Lambs
                 ,
                 unmerciful
                 to
                 Dogs
                 ,
                 couragious
                 in
                 the
                 ●rosecution
                 of
                 his
                 just
                 designs
                 ,
                 resolute
                 in
                 overcoming
                 difficulties
                 ,
                 merciful
                 to
                 the
                 humble
                 ,
                 and
                 severe
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 withstand
                 his
                 Royal
                 Authority
                 and
                 Power
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Priest
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Man
                 ,
                 whose
                 Office
                 did
                 oblige
                 him
                 to
                 give
                 his
                 attendance
                 in
                 the
                 Service
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 by
                 a
                 Cynocephalus
                 ,
                 riding
                 upon
                 a
                 Fish
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 .
                 The
                 Priests
                 of
                 Egypt
                 did
                 abstain
                 from
                 all
                 kind
                 of
                 Fish
                 .
                 Some
                 have
                 thought
                 that
                 this
                 Hieroglyphick
                 therefore
                 did
                 signify
                 abstinence
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 thereby
                 recommended
                 to
                 to
                 such
                 Per●ons
                 :
                 I
                 rather
                 think
                 that
                 the
                 River
                 is
                 the
                 unconstant
                 world
                 ,
                 the
                 Fishes
                 are
                 the
                 Passions
                 of
                 the
                 Soul
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Pleasures
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 ,
                 which
                 such
                 must
                 master
                 and
                 overcome
                 ,
                 who
                 intend
                 to
                 offer
                 acceptable
                 Sacrifices
                 to
                 Almighty
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 worthy
                 of
                 that
                 most
                 Divine
                 Office
                 of
                 Priesthood
                 .
              
               
                 
                 A
                 Learned
                 and
                 an
                 accomplished
                 Man
                 was
                 signifyed
                 by
                 a●●ag
                 ,
                 lying
                 upon
                 its
                 side
                 ,
                 chewing
                 
                 its
                 Meat
                 .
                 The
                 Horns
                 of
                 this
                 Beast
                 are
                 the
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 of
                 Power
                 ,
                 Authority
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Dignity
                 ,
                 unto
                 which
                 ,
                 such
                 deserve
                 to
                 be
                 promoted
                 .
                 A
                 cunning
                 Server
                 of
                 Times
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 by
                 a
                 Hedge-hog
                 ,
                 because
                 this
                 Creature
                 hath
                 alwayes
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 holes
                 ,
                 where
                 it
                 retreats
                 ;
                 when
                 the
                 wind
                 is
                 cold
                 ,
                 and
                 b●isterous
                 at
                 one
                 hole
                 ,
                 it
                 creeps
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 thus
                 it
                 changeth
                 its
                 dwelling
                 with
                 the
                 weather
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Babbler
                 ,
                 an
                 enemy
                 of
                 good
                 manners
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Prophane
                 Person
                 ,
                 were
                 represented
                 by
                 a
                 grunting
                 Hog
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 filthy
                 disposition
                 caused
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 hated
                 by
                 all
                 the
                 Eastern
                 People
                 ,
                 insomuch
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 a
                 great
                 crime
                 ,
                 for
                 some
                 Priests
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 wait
                 upon
                 the
                 Altars
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 to
                 touch
                 a
                 Hog
                 .
                 A
                 voluptuous
                 Man
                 living
                 in
                 ease
                 and
                 carelesness
                 had
                 the
                 honour
                 also
                 to
                 be
                 expressed
                 by
                 this
                 Animal
                 .
                 Some
                 Nations
                 did
                 Sacrifice
                 a
                 Hog
                 for
                 such
                 as
                 grew
                 mad
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 any
                 had
                 kill'd
                 a
                 Man
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 tormented
                 with
                 the
                 furies
                 of
                 his
                 Conscience
                 for
                 his
                 crime
                 ,
                 he
                 did
                 commonly
                 to
                 satisfy
                 the
                 angry
                 Divinities
                 ,
                 burn
                 Sucking
                 Pigs
                 upon
                 the
                 Altars
                 ,
                 and
                 wash
                 his
                 hands
                 with
                 their
                 Blood.
                 They
                 did
                 imagine
                 that
                 the
                 foul
                 stains
                 of
                 Murder
                 were
                 thereby
                 washed
                 away
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 in
                 these
                 Verses
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
                       〈◊〉
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                 A
                 Man
                 with
                 an
                 excellent
                 faculty
                 of
                 Learning
                 ,
                 was
                 signifyed
                 by
                 a
                 She
                 ▪
                 Goat
                 ,
                 because
                 that
                 Creature
                 hath
                 a
                 very
                 acute
                 hearing
                 .
              
               
                 
                 A
                 Fool
                 was
                 exprest
                 by
                 a
                 Sheep
                 ,
                 therefore
                 
                   oviles
                   mores
                
                 are
                 stupid
                 &
                 silly
                 customs
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 Beast
                 simpler
                 than
                 Sheep
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 Ram
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 Governour
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 War.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 shameful
                 manners
                 of
                 a
                 Whore
                 were
                 intimated
                 by
                 a
                 Wolf
                 ;
                 from
                 hence
                 therefore
                 Lupa
                 signifies
                 such
                 an
                 impudent
                 Woman
                 :
                 and
                 Lupanaria
                 ,
                 a
                 Bawdy-house
                 .
              
               
                 
                 A
                 fearful
                 and
                 a
                 timerous
                 Man
                 ,
                 was
                 also
                 represented
                 by
                 a
                 Wolf
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 least
                 accident
                 will
                 startle
                 this
                 Beast
                 :
                 and
                 although
                 it
                 wants
                 not
                 courage
                 to
                 encounter
                 with
                 an
                 enemy
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 afraid
                 of
                 a
                 Stone
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Man
                 encompassed
                 in
                 with
                 difficulties
                 and
                 troubles
                 ,
                 was
                 signifyed
                 by
                 one
                 who
                 held
                 a
                 Wolf
                 fast
                 by
                 the
                 Ears
                 .
              
               
                 An
                 unconstant
                 fellow
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 
                 by
                 a
                 Hyaena
                 ,
                 a
                 Beast
                 mentioned
                 by
                 Plinius
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 colour
                 and
                 bigness
                 of
                 a
                 Wolf.
                 It
                 is
                 of
                 the
                 Male
                 Sex
                 one
                 Year
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 next
                 it
                 becomes
                 the
                 Female
                 ,
                 as
                 Tertullian
                 witnesseth
                 ,
                 
                   Hyaenam
                   si
                   observes
                   ,
                   sexus
                   animalis
                   est
                   ,
                   marem
                   &
                   soeminam
                   alternat
                   .
                
                 This
                 Creature
                 was
                 also
                 put
                 to
                 signify
                 a
                 brave
                 Courage
                 that
                 can
                 defie
                 all
                 difficulties
                 ,
                 and
                 look
                 upon
                 the
                 frowns
                 of
                 Fortune
                 with
                 a
                 generous
                 contempt
                 ,
                 for
                 as
                 the
                 naturalists
                 do
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 skin
                 of
                 this
                 Animal
                 ,
                 can
                 procure
                 unto
                 us
                 the
                 priviledge
                 of
                 passing
                 through
                 the
                 
                 greatest
                 dangers
                 without
                 harm
                 ,
                 the
                 man
                 so
                 well
                 resolved
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 well
                 strengthened
                 against
                 the
                 attempts
                 of
                 Adversity
                 ,
                 can
                 receive
                 no
                 dammage
                 from
                 those
                 things
                 ,
                 that
                 bring
                 others
                 to
                 destruction
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 great
                 Hypocrite
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 notable
                 Dissembler
                 of
                 wicked
                 intentions
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 by
                 a
                 Leopard
                 ,
                 because
                 this
                 Beast
                 doth
                 craftily
                 dissemble
                 and
                 hide
                 its
                 head
                 from
                 being
                 seen
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 Beasts
                 are
                 as
                 much
                 frighted
                 at
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 taken
                 with
                 the
                 pleasant
                 scent
                 of
                 its
                 Body
                 .
                 When
                 therefore
                 they
                 come
                 towards
                 it
                 to
                 delight
                 themselves
                 with
                 the
                 Perfume
                 that
                 it
                 yields
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 cover
                 the
                 Head
                 with
                 his
                 Paws
                 ,
                 until
                 they
                 come
                 within
                 its
                 reach
                 .
              
               
                 An
                 incorrigible
                 Person
                 ,
                 was
                 also
                 expressed
                 by
                 a
                 Leopards
                 Skin
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 are
                 such
                 spots
                 that
                 no
                 art
                 can
                 remove
                 or
                 whiten
                 .
              
               
                 
                 A
                 stupid
                 and
                 an
                 ignorant
                 fellow
                 ,
                 an
                 enemy
                 to
                 Piety
                 and
                 Religion
                 ,
                 was
                 signifyed
                 by
                 an
                 Ass
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Bazilisk
                 was
                 often
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 at
                 their
                 feet
                 ,
                 or
                 about
                 their
                 middle
                 ,
                 or
                 winding
                 their
                 Tails
                 upon
                 their
                 Heads
                 ,
                 to
                 signifie
                 their
                 immortality
                 ,
                 for
                 this
                 Serpent
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 long
                 life
                 .
                 The
                 Kings
                 of
                 Egypt
                 had
                 Asps
                 usually
                 represen●ed
                 upon
                 their
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 to
                 express
                 the
                 holiness
                 of
                 their
                 Persons
                 ,
                 whom
                 none
                 ought
                 to
                 dishonour
                 or
                 injure
                 without
                 a
                 signal
                 punishment
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 the
                 most
                 Sacred
                 Images
                 and
                 Lieutenants
                 of
                 God
                 upon
                 Earth
                 .
                 A
                 Powerrful
                 
                 and
                 a
                 War-like
                 Prince
                 ,
                 was
                 dignifyed
                 by
                 a
                 Serpent
                 in
                 an
                 Orb
                 ,
                 carefully
                 looking
                 to
                 every
                 thing
                 within
                 its
                 Sphaere
                 .
                 The
                 wisdom
                 of
                 this
                 Creature
                 shews
                 how
                 necessary
                 wisdom
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 Government
                 of
                 Kingdoms
                 and
                 States
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 the
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 intend
                 to
                 express
                 an
                 evil
                 effect
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 cause
                 well
                 designed
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 put
                 a
                 Bird
                 called
                 Ibis
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Bazilisk
                 together
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 do
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Egge
                 of
                 an
                 Ibis
                 ,
                 the
                 Bazilisk
                 doth
                 often
                 proceed
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 reason
                 they
                 did
                 break
                 all
                 such
                 Eggs
                 when
                 they
                 did
                 find
                 them
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 that
                 they
                 should
                 increase
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 such
                 venimous
                 Serpents
                 .
              
               
                 
                 A
                 sloathful
                 Man
                 ,
                 was
                 signifyed
                 by
                 a
                 Crocodile
                 ,
                 bearing
                 on
                 the
                 head
                 the
                 feather
                 of
                 an
                 Ibis
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 hath
                 such
                 a
                 secret
                 power
                 upon
                 the
                 Crocodile
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 its
                 Body
                 is
                 stroakt
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 this
                 Serpent
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 naturally
                 cruel
                 and
                 rapacious
                 ,
                 looseth
                 its
                 former
                 dispositions
                 ,
                 and
                 becomes
                 extreme
                 sloathful
                 and
                 idle
                 for
                 a
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Reformation
                 ,
                 was
                 represented
                 by
                 a
                 Phoenix
                 that
                 riseth
                 out
                 of
                 its
                 Ashes
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 consumed
                 by
                 the
                 violence
                 of
                 the
                 Sun-beams
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 reported
                 .
              
               
                 Good
                 Parents
                 ,
                 were
                 expressed
                 by
                 the
                 Pelican
                 ,
                 that
                 casts
                 it self
                 into
                 the
                 Flames
                 kindled
                 about
                 the
                 Nest
                 where
                 her
                 young
                 do
                 lie
                 ,
                 to
                 deliver
                 them
                 from
                 the
                 eminent
                 danger
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Hawk
                 is
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 natural
                 life
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 lives
                 many
                 years
                 .
              
               
               
                 An
                 old
                 Musician
                 ,
                 is
                 commonly
                 represented
                 by
                 a
                 Swan
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 this
                 Bird
                 is
                 at
                 the
                 ●ve
                 of
                 its
                 death
                 ,
                 it
                 takes
                 its
                 farewel
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 by
                 singing
                 most
                 melodious
                 Tunes
                 ▪
              
               
                 The
                 purity
                 and
                 noble
                 disposition
                 of
                 the
                 Mind
                 ,
                 was
                 signifyed
                 by
                 a
                 Cock
                 ,
                 for
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 Bird
                 of
                 a
                 more
                 generous
                 and
                 braver
                 Courage
                 ,
                 undaunted
                 at
                 the
                 sight
                 of
                 eminent
                 dangers
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 seasonable
                 silence
                 ,
                 is
                 intimated
                 by
                 the
                 Picture
                 of
                 a
                 wild
                 Goose
                 ;
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 reported
                 by
                 Ammianus
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 this
                 Bird
                 flies
                 over
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 where
                 great
                 numbers
                 of
                 Eagles
                 do
                 make
                 their
                 abode
                 ,
                 knowing
                 their
                 natural
                 inability
                 of
                 keeping
                 silence
                 ,
                 they
                 take
                 into
                 their
                 Bills
                 a
                 Stone
                 ,
                 which
                 hinders
                 them
                 from
                 making
                 a
                 noise
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 out
                 of
                 danger
                 ,
                 they
                 let
                 it
                 fall
                 .
              
               
                 An
                 Impious
                 wretch
                 ,
                 was
                 represented
                 by
                 the
                 Hyppopotamus
                 ,
                 a
                 Creature
                 that
                 lives
                 in
                 the
                 water
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 like
                 unto
                 an
                 Horse
                 ;
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 so
                 wicked
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 will
                 kill
                 Father
                 and
                 Mother
                 ,
                 and
                 tear
                 them
                 to
                 pieces
                 with
                 its
                 Teeth
                 ▪
              
               
                 A●
                 ignorant
                 fellow
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 acquainted
                 with
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 living
                 in
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 was
                 painted
                 with
                 an
                 Asses
                 head
                 ,
                 and
                 Asses
                 Ears
                 .
                 The
                 Egyptians
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 put
                 the
                 heads
                 of
                 Animals
                 upon
                 Mens
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 to
                 express
                 the
                 inclinations
                 and
                 dispositions
                 of
                 those
                 Persons
                 who
                 were
                 like
                 unto
                 such
                 Beasts
                 .
              
               
               
                 An
                 honest
                 Man
                 did
                 carry
                 his
                 Heart
                 hanging
                 by
                 a
                 Chain
                 upon
                 his
                 Breast
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 life
                 of
                 a
                 Religious
                 Man
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 by
                 the
                 Palm-tree
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 Root
                 is
                 unpleasant
                 to
                 look
                 upon
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Fruits
                 and
                 Branches
                 are
                 grateful
                 both
                 to
                 the
                 Eye
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 Taste
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Priests
                 of
                 Egypt
                 did
                 wear
                 nothing
                 but
                 Paper
                 Shooes
                 ,
                 therefore
                 it
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 Priesthood
                 amongst
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Nature
                 of
                 Man
                 ,
                 was
                 represented
                 by
                 a
                 Woman
                 ,
                 having
                 her
                 Hair
                 standing
                 streight
                 up
                 ,
                 and
                 shewing
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 a
                 Tree
                 turned
                 up
                 side
                 down
                 .
                 The
                 Hair
                 is
                 in
                 lieu
                 of
                 the
                 Roots
                 ;
                 this
                 therefore
                 declares
                 how
                 our
                 Countrey
                 is
                 Heaven
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 we
                 have
                 derived
                 our
                 begining
                 ,
                 and
                 thither
                 must
                 our
                 affections
                 and
                 endeavours
                 tend
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 several
                 kind
                 of
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 drawn
                 from
                 the
                 Disposition
                 of
                 Living
                 Creatures
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Lyon
                 is
                 bold
                 ,
                 couragious
                 ,
                 strong
                 ,
                 and
                 terrible
                 to
                 all
                 other
                 Animals
                 ;
                 He
                 is
                 therefore
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 a
                 stout
                 Commander
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 a
                 brave
                 Conquerour
                 .
                 
                 It
                 is
                 reported
                 of
                 the
                 Lyon
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 he
                 is
                 sick
                 of
                 a
                 Feaver
                 ,
                 his
                 only
                 remedy
                 is
                 an
                 Ape
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 doth
                 naturally
                 hate
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 
                 Ape
                 playes
                 with
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Beasts
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Rhinocerote
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Unicorn
                 of
                 the
                 Scriptures
                 ,
                 for
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 such
                 Brute
                 as
                 is
                 described
                 unto
                 us
                 ,
                 like
                 a
                 Horse
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 streight
                 Horn
                 in
                 the
                 Fore-head
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Learned
                 Bochartus
                 hath
                 proved
                 .
                 This
                 Animal
                 is
                 not
                 much
                 inferiour
                 to
                 the
                 Elephant
                 ,
                 neither
                 in
                 strength
                 ,
                 courage
                 ,
                 nor
                 bigness
                 of
                 Body
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 very
                 cholerick
                 ,
                 therefore
                 it
                 is
                 put
                 to
                 express
                 anger
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Horse
                 covered
                 with
                 his
                 Harness
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 of
                 Speed
                 ;
                 and
                 amongst
                 the
                 Soothsayers
                 of
                 the
                 Supreme
                 Command
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Victory
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 may
                 see
                 in
                 the
                 Dream
                 of
                 Darius
                 related
                 by
                 Curtius
                 :
                 He
                 saw
                 Alexander
                 riding
                 into
                 Babylon
                 in
                 a
                 Persian
                 habit
                 .
                 The
                 Soothsayers
                 did
                 then
                 declare
                 ,
                 that
                 Alexander
                 would
                 get
                 the
                 Victory
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Prophet
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Prophesie
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 
                 by
                 a
                 Mole
                 ,
                 a
                 Creature
                 that
                 is
                 without
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 how
                 Man
                 is
                 naturally
                 bl●nd
                 ,
                 and
                 can
                 have
                 no
                 clear
                 fore-sight
                 of
                 the
                 time
                 to
                 come
                 by
                 the
                 works
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 without
                 a
                 Divine
                 Revelation
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 the
                 intricate
                 events
                 of
                 the
                 future
                 ,
                 do
                 appear
                 unto
                 them
                 with
                 many
                 doubts
                 and
                 dark
                 shadows
                 ,
                 which
                 hinder
                 us
                 from
                 a
                 perfect
                 and
                 a
                 clear
                 discovery
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Dog
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Diadem
                 upon
                 his
                 hea●
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 represent●t
                 on
                 of
                 a
                 Law-giver
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 a
                 diligent
                 Prince
                 .
                 The
                 Nature
                 of
                 this
                 Cre●ture
                 
                 teacheth
                 us
                 diligence
                 ,
                 care
                 ,
                 and
                 watchfulness
                 in
                 our
                 imploys
                 ,
                 obedience
                 and
                 love
                 to
                 our
                 Superiours
                 ,
                 and
                 faithfulnes
                 to
                 our
                 trust
                 .
                 
                 As
                 a
                 Man
                 with
                 a
                 Dogs
                 head
                 signifies
                 an
                 impudent
                 fellow
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 Ape
                 an
                 Hypocrite
                 .
                 The
                 Ants
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 wisest
                 of
                 all
                 in●ects
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 laborious
                 ,
                 provident
                 ,
                 loving
                 to
                 one
                 another
                 ,
                 willing
                 toyield
                 their
                 assistance
                 to
                 their
                 distressed
                 Nature
                 ,
                 therefore
                 their
                 virtues
                 have
                 deserved
                 a
                 place
                 amongst
                 the
                 other
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 of
                 Egypt
                 ,
                 and
                 our
                 daily
                 imitation
                 .
              
               
                 Rivals
                 were
                 expressed
                 by
                 two
                 Rams
                 ,
                 running
                 at
                 one
                 another
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Hyaena
                 mentioned
                 before
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 strange
                 sort
                 of
                 Animal
                 put
                 to
                 signifie
                 contention
                 ,
                 or
                 unconstant
                 dealing
                 .
              
               
                 Revenge
                 ,
                 was
                 intimated
                 by
                 a
                 Tygre
                 devouring
                 a
                 Horse
                 ,
                 a
                 good
                 eye
                 sight
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 Lynx
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 Beast
                 near
                 of
                 kin
                 to
                 a
                 Wolf.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Bear
                 comes
                 into
                 the
                 World
                 with
                 mishapen
                 parts
                 :
                 The
                 Mothers
                 do
                 so
                 lick
                 the
                 young
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 last
                 the
                 Eyes
                 and
                 Ears
                 appear
                 ;
                 therefore
                 the
                 wise
                 Egyptians
                 have
                 made
                 it
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 Proficient
                 ,
                 whom
                 time
                 and
                 labour
                 do
                 bring
                 to
                 perfection
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 also
                 reported
                 of
                 the
                 Bear
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 eeks
                 Bee-hives
                 ,
                 not
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 desire
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 but
                 only
                 to
                 provoke
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 oblige
                 them
                 to
                 sting
                 its
                 laizy
                 body
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 out
                 the
                 corrupt
                 blood
                 that
                 troubles
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Vigilancy
                 or
                 ▪
                 Watchfulness
                 ,
                 was
                 expressed
                 either
                 by
                 the
                 Head
                 of
                 a
                 Lyon
                 ,
                 placed
                 
                 upon
                 an
                 Altar
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 a
                 Hare
                 .
                 Of
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 said
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 sleeps
                 with
                 the
                 eyes
                 open
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Female
                 Viper
                 destroyes
                 the
                 Male
                 at
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Copulation
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 young
                 ones
                 do
                 revenge
                 their
                 Fathers
                 dearh
                 ,
                 by
                 gnawing
                 out
                 the
                 Belly
                 of
                 their
                 Mother
                 ,
                 and
                 opening
                 a
                 passage
                 that
                 way
                 ,
                 to
                 enter
                 into
                 the
                 world
                 ;
                 therefore
                 the
                 Viper
                 expresseth
                 the
                 danger
                 of
                 too
                 much
                 love
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 ingratitude
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Scorpion
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 little
                 Creature
                 more
                 fierce
                 and
                 venimous
                 than
                 strong
                 ,
                 nothing
                 can
                 cure
                 the
                 wound
                 but
                 its
                 blood
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 cunning
                 in
                 watching
                 a
                 fit
                 opportunity
                 to
                 wound
                 an
                 unconsiderate
                 Passenger
                 :
                 therefore
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 mal●ce
                 ,
                 and
                 wicked
                 subtilty
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Salamender
                 l●ves
                 in
                 the
                 flames
                 without
                 receiving
                 the
                 least
                 prejudice
                 from
                 the
                 violence
                 of
                 the
                 heat
                 ,
                 because
                 ,
                 as
                 Munsterus
                 relates
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 other
                 Authors
                 observe
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 cold
                 and
                 moist
                 constitution
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Fire
                 cannot
                 speedily
                 have
                 a
                 power
                 to
                 prejudice
                 it
                 .
                 The
                 Egyptian
                 Priests
                 d
                 d
                 therefore
                 put
                 it
                 to
                 signifie
                 a
                 brave
                 and
                 generous
                 courage
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Fire
                 of
                 affliction
                 cannot
                 overcome
                 nor
                 consume
                 Plinius
                 observes
                 of
                 this
                 Beast
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 infects
                 all
                 Fruits
                 that
                 it
                 toucheth
                 ,
                 and
                 leaves
                 them
                 some
                 impression
                 of
                 its
                 cold
                 nature
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 become
                 afterwards
                 as
                 dangerous
                 as
                 Poison
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Owles
                 are
                 enemies
                 of
                 the
                 Storks
                 ,
                 when
                 therefore
                 they
                 did
                 s●e
                 in
                 the
                 evening
                 .
                 
                 Aelianus
                 saith
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 do
                 arm
                 themselves
                 with
                 the
                 leaf
                 of
                 a
                 Plain-tree
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 the
                 virtue
                 of
                 protecting
                 them
                 from
                 the
                 violence
                 Owles
                 ;
                 for
                 if
                 they
                 offer
                 to
                 touch
                 this
                 kind
                 of
                 Leaf
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 deprived
                 of
                 some
                 of
                 their
                 Sences
                 as
                 if
                 they
                 were
                 bewitched
                 .
                 This
                 Bird
                 is
                 of
                 an
                 excellent
                 disposition
                 ,
                 the
                 young
                 ones
                 do
                 help
                 the
                 old
                 ,
                 and
                 furnish
                 them
                 with
                 Food
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 able
                 to
                 provide
                 it
                 for
                 themselves
                 ,
                 therefore
                 in
                 Hebrew
                 David
                 calls
                 them
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 Psal
                 104.
                 17.
                 from
                 the
                 Root
                 ,
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 Mercy
                 or
                 Goodness
                 ,
                 because
                 this
                 Bird
                 is
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 compassionate
                 and
                 merciful
                 Nature
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 support
                 the
                 weakness
                 of
                 their
                 Parents
                 :
                 This
                 good
                 Bird
                 shames
                 the
                 ill
                 dispositions
                 of
                 Man-kind
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 also
                 many
                 remarkable
                 things
                 related
                 of
                 the
                 Cranes
                 when
                 any
                 of
                 their
                 company
                 do
                 fall
                 into
                 disgrace
                 ,
                 they
                 all
                 fall
                 upon
                 it
                 as
                 the
                 common
                 People
                 are
                 wo●t
                 in
                 every
                 Nation
                 ;
                 for
                 they
                 will
                 strive
                 to
                 injure
                 him
                 ,
                 whose
                 unhappiness
                 is
                 to
                 have
                 an
                 ill
                 Report
                 ;
                 therefore
                 this
                 Bird
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 Democracie
                 ▪
              
               
                 The
                 vulture
                 signifies
                 Mercy
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Naturalists
                 do
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 never
                 seeks
                 any
                 Prey
                 ,
                 nor
                 flies
                 from
                 her
                 Nest
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 young
                 ones
                 come
                 to
                 a
                 handsom
                 bigness
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 mean
                 while
                 she
                 nourishes
                 them
                 with
                 her
                 blood
                 ,
                 which
                 she
                 causeth
                 them
                 to
                 suck
                 out
                 of
                 her
                 Thighs
                 and
                 Breast
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Eagle
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 Prosoerity
                 ,
                 of
                 Majesty
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 Noble
                 Mind
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 
                 Liberality
                 ;
                 Munsterus
                 saith
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Eagle
                 freely
                 gives
                 of
                 its
                 Plenty
                 to
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 Birds
                 ,
                 that
                 come
                 round
                 about
                 it
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 hath
                 any
                 thing
                 to
                 spare
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Owl
                 is
                 an
                 ominous
                 Bird
                 ,
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 Death
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 unhappiness
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 wicked
                 Tyrant
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 an
                 Hypocrite
                 ,
                 that
                 hates
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 in
                 the
                 light
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 ;
                 nevertheless
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Owl
                 is
                 perceived
                 flying
                 ,
                 the
                 Augures
                 have
                 observed
                 that
                 this
                 was
                 a
                 sign
                 of
                 Victory
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Prosperity
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Soothsayers
                 did
                 never
                 look
                 upon
                 the
                 Goose
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 happy
                 Bird
                 ,
                 because
                 of
                 its
                 importune
                 and
                 unpleasant
                 cry
                 :
                 the
                 Egyptians
                 did
                 thereby
                 express
                 a
                 vain
                 Babbler
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 silly
                 Poet.
                 
              
               
                 A
                 Quail
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 Impiety
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 Bird
                 doth
                 furiously
                 chatter
                 and
                 torment
                 her self
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 she
                 were
                 offended
                 when
                 the
                 cressent
                 of
                 the
                 Moon
                 first
                 appears
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Ostrich
                 did
                 signifie
                 Justice
                 ,
                 because
                 most
                 of
                 her
                 feathers
                 are
                 of
                 an
                 equal
                 lenghth
                 ,
                 A
                 Bat
                 ,
                 a
                 Man
                 raised
                 from
                 the
                 dust
                 to
                 an
                 undeserved
                 degree
                 of
                 Honour
                 .
                 An●
                 because
                 these
                 kind
                 of
                 Creatures
                 do
                 assist
                 one
                 another
                 ,
                 and
                 stick
                 close
                 together
                 when
                 they
                 apprehend
                 any
                 danger
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 represented
                 together
                 ,
                 to
                 intimate
                 mutual
                 love
                 and
                 friendship
                 ,
                 which
                 should
                 oblige
                 us
                 to
                 give
                 succour
                 to
                 one
                 another
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 reported
                 of
                 the
                 Lapwing
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 devourer
                 of
                 Grapes
                 ,
                 therefore
                 many
                 
                 
                 times
                 it
                 is
                 giddy
                 ;
                 but
                 Nature
                 hath
                 taught
                 unto
                 it
                 a
                 secret
                 ,
                 to
                 remedy
                 and
                 prevent
                 the
                 mischief
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 perceives
                 some
                 Operation
                 of
                 the
                 violent
                 Grapes
                 in
                 its
                 Brain
                 ,
                 it
                 seeks
                 
                 an
                 Herb
                 called
                 
                   Capillus
                   veneris
                
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 Greeks
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 the
                 virtue
                 to
                 stop
                 the
                 working
                 of
                 the
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 the
                 vapours
                 from
                 the
                 brain
                 ▪
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Bees
                 have
                 amongst
                 them
                 a
                 most
                 ingenious
                 Commonwealth
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 good
                 Government
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 all
                 obedient
                 to
                 their
                 chief
                 Commander
                 ,
                 and
                 never
                 do
                 revolt
                 against
                 his
                 Authority
                 .
                 They
                 do
                 submit
                 to
                 his
                 Sentence
                 ,
                 obey
                 his
                 Commands
                 ,
                 follow
                 his
                 motion
                 and
                 leading
                 ;
                 therefore
                 they
                 do
                 represent
                 a
                 Kingdom
                 ●ubject
                 to
                 their
                 lawful
                 Sovereign
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Ephemeres
                 ,
                 are
                 Creatures
                 its
                 live
                 a
                 day
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 they
                 are
                 excellent
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 of
                 the
                 shortness
                 of
                 our
                 Lives
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Dolphin
                 hath
                 obtained
                 amongst
                 Men
                 ,
                 the
                 Honour
                 to
                 signifie
                 the
                 King
                 or
                 Emperour
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 say
                 that
                 this
                 Fish
                 is
                 kind
                 to
                 our
                 Nature
                 ;
                 and
                 because
                 it
                 is
                 so
                 swift
                 in
                 swimming
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 grateful
                 to
                 Benefactors
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Head
                 of
                 Man
                 ,
                 signifies
                 sound
                 Judgement
                 and
                 Wisdom
                 ▪
                 His
                 Hair
                 cut
                 off
                 ,
                 violent
                 grief
                 or
                 Bondage
                 ,
                 if
                 growing
                 ,
                 Liberty
                 ▪
                 Baldness
                 and
                 gray
                 Hairs
                 ,
                 are
                 marks
                 of
                 old
                 
                 Age.
                 The
                 Fore-head
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 seat
                 of
                 Pride
                 and
                 of
                 impudency
                 .
                 The
                 Eye
                 wide
                 open
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 Wisdom
                 ,
                 of
                 Justice
                 ;
                 It
                 
                 is
                 the
                 seat
                 of
                 Contempt
                 ,
                 of
                 Love
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 discoverer
                 of
                 the
                 passions
                 of
                 the
                 Soul.
                 The
                 Nose
                 is
                 a
                 mark
                 of
                 the
                 nimbleness
                 of
                 our
                 apprehension
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 excellency
                 of
                 our
                 understanding
                 .
                 The
                 Mouth
                 is
                 the
                 Hieroglyphick
                 of
                 modesty
                 ;
                 the
                 Heart
                 ,
                 of
                 sincerity
                 ;
                 the
                 Shoulders
                 ,
                 of
                 strength
                 ;
                 the
                 washed
                 hands
                 of
                 Inocency
                 ;
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 ▪
                 of
                 Power
                 ,
                 of
                 Fidelity
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 favour
                 .
                 The
                 Knees
                 ,
                 are
                 to
                 express
                 Humility
                 ,
                 the
                 Hat
                 ,
                 freedom
                 ;
                 a
                 Crown
                 ,
                 Dignity
                 ;
                 a
                 Scepter
                 ,
                 Power
                 ;
                 a
                 Buckler
                 ,
                 Defence
                 ;
                 an
                 Arrow
                 ,
                 speed
                 ;
                 a
                 Spear
                 ,
                 War
                 ,
                 or
                 Valour
                 ;
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 Ballance
                 ,
                 Equity
                 ;
                 a
                 Sword
                 ,
                 Revenge
                 or
                 Cruelty
                 ;
                 a
                 fitting
                 posture
                 ,
                 intimates
                 Security
                 ;
                 a
                 Chariot
                 ,
                 Honour
                 ;
                 a
                 Ship
                 ,
                 Help
                 in
                 need
                 ;
                 an
                 Ankor
                 ,
                 Hope
                 ;
                 the
                 Caduceus
                 ,
                 Truce
                 ,
                 Peace
                 ,
                 and
                 agreement
                 ;
                 Chaisnes
                 ,
                 Bondage
                 ,
                 a
                 Key
                 ,
                 Security
                 ,
                 and
                 freeedom
                 of
                 egress
                 and
                 ingress
                 .
                 The
                 Palm
                 and
                 the
                 Lawrel
                 ,
                 are
                 Emblems
                 of
                 Victory
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 deserved
                 Honour
                 ;
                 the
                 Myrtle
                 ,
                 of
                 Pleasure
                 ;
                 the
                 Cedar
                 ,
                 of
                 Eterni●y
                 ;
                 the
                 Oak
                 ,
                 of
                 Strength
                 ;
                 the
                 Olive-tree
                 ,
                 of
                 Fruitfulness
                 ,
                 the
                 Vine-tree
                 ,
                 of
                 Delight
                 and
                 Joy
                 ;
                 the
                 Lilly
                 ,
                 of
                 Beauty
                 ;
                 the
                 Globe
                 ,
                 of
                 Perfection
                 ;
                 a
                 Pyramide
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 the
                 Soul
                 of
                 Man
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               
               
                 CHAP.
                 IV.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 some
                 few
                 notable
                 Observations
                 of
                 several
                 places
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Animals
                 .
              
               
                 PHilost
                 .
                 speaks
                 of
                 a
                 Water
                 named
                 
                   Asbamaea
                   aqua
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 sweet
                 and
                 pleasant
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 honest
                 and
                 faithful
                 ,
                 but
                 dangerous
                 to
                 all
                 wicked
                 and
                 unfaithful
                 Persons
                 ;
                 for
                 if
                 these
                 last
                 offer
                 to
                 drink
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 fall
                 into
                 a
                 sudden
                 distemper
                 .
                 
                 The
                 Lake
                 Asphaltites
                 in
                 Judaea
                 ,
                 is
                 pestilentious
                 ;
                 the
                 Vapours
                 that
                 rise
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 are
                 so
                 deadly
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 suffer
                 any
                 Bird
                 to
                 flie
                 over
                 alive
                 ,
                 nor
                 endure
                 any
                 living
                 crea●
                 in
                 the
                 water
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Epirus
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 Fountain
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 Water
                 hath
                 the
                 virtue
                 to
                 extinguish
                 a
                 lighted
                 Torch
                 ,
                 and
                 light
                 it
                 again
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 dipt
                 in
                 the
                 Water
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 River
                 Sabbatius
                 which
                 is
                 in
                 Syria
                 ,
                 is
                 very
                 remarkable
                 ,
                 because
                 on
                 the
                 Sabbath
                 day
                 the
                 Stream
                 doth
                 remain
                 still
                 ,
                 without
                 moving
                 one
                 way
                 or
                 the
                 other
                 ;
                 but
                 during
                 the
                 six
                 days
                 of
                 the
                 week
                 ,
                 it
                 runs
                 with
                 as
                 much
                 rapidity
                 as
                 other
                 Rivers
                 .
                 Plinius
                 mentions
                 it
                 ,
                 lib.
                 31
                 cap.
                 2.
                 
              
               
                 Aristotle
                 tells
                 us
                 of
                 a
                 Fountain
                 in
                 Sicilia
                 ,
                 which
                 did
                 kill
                 all
                 the
                 Birds
                 that
                 were
                 cast
                 into
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 did
                 cause
                 the
                 other
                 Animals
                 to
                 re-return
                 to
                 life
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 expiring
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Fountain
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 mentioned
                 by
                 Herodotus
                 in
                 Africa
                 ,
                 did
                 yield
                 water
                 of
                 a
                 different
                 
                 temper
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 motion
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 in
                 the
                 Firmament
                 ;
                 at
                 Noon
                 it
                 was
                 cold
                 and
                 sweet
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 Night
                 it
                 was
                 hot
                 and
                 bitter
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   Virgo
                   Aqua
                
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Virgins
                 Stream
                 ,
                 had
                 a
                 pleasant
                 and
                 an
                 excellent
                 virtue
                 upon
                 Maids
                 ,
                 whose
                 unhappiness
                 it
                 was
                 to
                 forget
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 loose
                 their
                 Virginity
                 .
                 If
                 they
                 did
                 wash
                 their
                 Bodies
                 in
                 this
                 water
                 ,
                 they
                 did
                 recover
                 again
                 the
                 stollen
                 Jewel
                 ,
                 and
                 become
                 as
                 perfect
                 Virgins
                 as
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Strabo
                 speaks
                 of
                 the
                 Woods
                 of
                 Juno
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Diana
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 upon
                 the
                 Confines
                 of
                 Dalmatia
                 ;
                 That
                 all
                 the
                 Wilde
                 Beasts
                 that
                 did
                 enter
                 into
                 them
                 ,
                 became
                 came
                 and
                 mild
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 loose
                 their
                 fierce
                 and
                 savage
                 natures
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 afterwards
                 they
                 did
                 not
                 offer
                 the
                 least
                 injury
                 to
                 Man
                 or
                 Beast
                 .
              
               
                 
                 It
                 is
                 observed
                 of
                 the
                 Bird
                 Attagen
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 can
                 open
                 its
                 Bill
                 ,
                 only
                 to
                 express
                 its
                 own
                 name
                 amongst
                 Men
                 ;
                 therefore
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 compared
                 to
                 the
                 vain-glorious
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 continually
                 singing
                 their
                 own
                 praise
                 .
                 Many
                 Authors
                 do
                 speak
                 of
                 a
                 strange
                 Bird
                 that
                 hath
                 no
                 Feet
                 ,
                 but
                 a
                 most
                 beautiful
                 variety
                 of
                 Colours
                 .
                 In
                 India
                 ,
                 they
                 name
                 it
                 the
                 
                   Bird
                   of
                   Paradise
                
                 .
                 It
                 seldom
                 rests
                 upon
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 always
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 flying
                 in
                 the
                 Air.
                 Gesnerus
                 describes
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 Poem
                 .
              
               
                 
                 The
                 Egyptians
                 have
                 taken
                 notice
                 of
                 the
                 Dogs
                 of
                 their
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 they
                 
                 drink
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Nilus
                 ,
                 they
                 lapp
                 up
                 the
                 water
                 running
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 the
                 Crocodile
                 .
                 Nature
                 hath
                 furnished
                 them
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 sence
                 of
                 the
                 danger
                 of
                 abiding
                 still
                 upon
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 that
                 great
                 River
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 reported
                 of
                 the
                 Elephant
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 hath
                 a
                 great
                 respect
                 for
                 beautiful
                 Women
                 .
                 If
                 it
                 comes
                 into
                 their
                 presence
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 in
                 its
                 rage
                 ,
                 the
                 Divine
                 rayes
                 of
                 their
                 eyes
                 will
                 oblige
                 it
                 to
                 a
                 mild
                 and
                 a
                 peaceable
                 behaviour
                 .
                 
                 It
                 will
                 stand
                 amazed
                 at
                 the
                 fight
                 of
                 their
                 fair
                 faces
                 ;
                 Therefore
                 it
                 seems
                 that
                 an
                 excellent
                 beauty
                 is
                 able
                 to
                 calm
                 the
                 fury
                 of
                 this
                 powerful
                 Animal
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 act
                 wonders
                 amongst
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 amongst
                 Men
                 and
                 Angels
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 particulars
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 strange
                 things
                 of
                 natural
                 Beings
                 ,
                 are
                 related
                 by
                 the
                 Authors
                 .
                 He
                 that
                 will
                 see
                 more
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 may
                 find
                 them
                 Registred
                 in
                 
                   Plinius
                   ,
                   Albertus
                   Magnus
                   ,
                   Cael.
                   Rodigin
                   .
                   Aelian
                   .
                   Aristotle
                   ,
                   Munster
                   .
                
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               FINIS
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
               Errata
               .
            
             
               
                 Book
                 .
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 P.
                 30.
                 
                 Marg.
                 l.
                 3.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 l.
                 7.
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                 deliver
                 .
                 p.
                 40.
                 l.
                 19.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 41.
                 m.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 
                   novices
                   designed
                   for
                   the
                   Priesthood
                
                 ,
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 
                   Priests
                   received
                   into
                   into
                   the
                   Function
                   .
                
                 p.
                 46.
                 l.
                 13.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 77.
                 m.
                 l.
                 8.
                 r.
                 inops
                 .
                 d.
                 83.
                 l.
                 19.
                 r.
                 Magne
                 .
                 p.
                 102.
                 m.
                 l.
                 9.
                 r.
                 
                   Sacrificia
                   Daemonum
                
                 .
                 p.
                 106.
                 m.
                 l.
                 18.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Book
                 .
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 P.
                 143.
                 m.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
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                 l.
                 29
                 r.
                 that
                 .
                 p.
                 166
                 m.
                 l.
                 10.
                 r.
                 natus
                 .
                 p.
                 167.
                 l.
                 6.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 l.
                 7.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 m.
                 l.
                 2
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 183.
                 l.
                 ult
                 .
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 184.
                 l.
                 19.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 p.
                 186.
                 m.
                 I.
                 4.
                 r.
                 cernuntur
                 .
                 p.
                 228.
                 m.
                 l.
                 31.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 233.
                 m.
                 l.
                 12.
                 r.
                 Helenae
                 .
                 p.
                 236.
                 m.
                 l.
                 9.
                 r.
                 rabida
                 .
                 l.
                 11.
                 r.
                 Superstes
                 .
                 p.
                 237.
                 l.
                 7.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Book
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 Pag.
                 22.
                 l.
                 4.
                 r.
                 Bull.
                 p.
                 35.
                 l.
                 11.
                 r.
                 
                   Potitii
                   .
                   l.
                
                 12
                 r.
                 Potitius
                 .
                 in
                 m
                 l.
                 11.
                 r.
                 Priests
                 .
                 p.
                 44.
                 m.
                 l.
                 9.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 45.
                 m.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 46.
                 m.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 57.
                 l.
                 28.
                 r.
                 erit
                 .
                 p.
                 62.
                 m.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 p.
                 72.
                 l.
                 8.
                 r.
                 Repotia
                 .
                 p.
                 78.
                 m.
                 l.
                 13.
                 r.
                 
                   mulieres
                   ne
                
                 .
                 p.
                 79.
                 l
                 13.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
                 l.
                 14.
                 r.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 p.
                 88.
                 m.
                 l.
                 16
                 r.
                 
                   vix
                   tangere
                
                 .
                 p.
                 104.
                 m.
                 r.
                 
                   pedarii
                   Senatores
                
                 .
                 p.
                 107.
                 l.
                 4.
                 r.
                 
                   choice
                   of
                
                 .
                 p.
                 109.
                 l
                 23.
                 r.
                 Centnries
                 .
                 p.
                 113.
                 m.
                 l.
                 3.
                 r.
                 autem
                 .
                 l.
                 8.
                 r.
                 imperium
                 .
                 l.
                 11.
                 quinqueduanus
                 .
                 p.
                 125.
                 m.
                 l.
                 18.
                 r.
                 poenae
                 .
                 p.
                 126.
                 m.
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                 19.
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                 assem
                 .
                 l.
                 24.
                 r.
                 toto
                 .
                 p.
                 154.
                 m.
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             
               Advertisement
               .
            
             
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               useful
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                 A
                 seasonable
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                 for
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                 divided
                 Nation
              
               ;
               or
               the
               
                 Church-Catechism
                 Expounded
                 and
                 Enlarged
              
               in
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               a
               Reply
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               AN
               INDEX
               OF
               THE
               NAMES
               and
               PLACES
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     AByla
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     135
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Absythus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     162
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Acca
                     Laurentia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     20
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Acestes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     252
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Achates
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     259
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Achelous
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     137
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     259
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Archemorus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Acheron
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     71
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Achilles
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     208
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Achoren
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     102
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Acrisius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Acteon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     38
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Accensi
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     110
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Adeona
                     &
                     abeonadeae
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Admetus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Adonis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Adramelech
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     97
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Adrastus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     170
                  
                
                 
                   
                     A●amas
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     149
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Adytum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Advocatus
                     fisci
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     120
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aeacus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aecastor
                     Aedepol
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     151
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aetha
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     160
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     31
                     ▪
                     63
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aegeus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     143
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     146
                     ,
                  
                   
                     164
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aedituus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     36
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aegistus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     239
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aegina
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     260
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aeneas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     250
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aeolus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aeson
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     163
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aesculapius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     26
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aedes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aediles
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     118
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aell●
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aerarium
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     120
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aglaia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Agamemnon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     106
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aganippides
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Asopus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     260
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Agger
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     142
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Agave
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     47
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     169
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Agenor
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     168
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Agonius
                     Deus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ajax
                     Son
                     of
                     Telamon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     216
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ajax
                     of
                     Locres
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     215
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ajus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     89
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alba
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     259
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alcethous
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     47
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alagabalus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     99
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alpheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     41
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     132
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Altare
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     18
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alecto
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alexander
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     200
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alcmena
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amalthea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     137
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amata
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     256
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amathus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amazones
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     131
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ambarvalia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     22
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ammon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amphiaraus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     179
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alcides
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     141
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amphion
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     169
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amphitheatre
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     51
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amphitrie
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amphitryon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amula
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     28
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Anchises
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     25●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Andabates
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     5●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Andremon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     16●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Andromache
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     252
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Androgeos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     145
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Anaxarete
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     263
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amphisibea
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     18●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Andromeda
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     124
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ancile
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     28
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Anculi
                     dii
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Angerona
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     263
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Antandrum
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     251
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Antenor
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     250
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Anteros
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     54
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amycus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     151
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Apotropaei
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     151
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Antigone
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     180
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     187
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Antinous
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     284
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Antiphates
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     245
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Apis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     92
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Apollo
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     25
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Apotheosis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     40
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Anubis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     51
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Argo
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     161
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Argus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     18
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     161
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Arctophylax
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Argonauts
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     160
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ariadne
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     145
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Arion
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     154
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aristeus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     156
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     260
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Arrichion
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     46
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Arsinous
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     247
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Artemisia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     15
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ascanius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     251
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Assaracus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     200
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Astrea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     3
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Astyanax
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     233
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Asilum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Asima
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     110
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Astarte
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     108
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Auctorati
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Augures
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Atalanta
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     178
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Athamas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Atlas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     48
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Atreus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     192
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Atys
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     69
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Atropos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aurora
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     55
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Authoramentum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aquila
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     138
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Arcinous
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     247
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Arcus
                     triumphales
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     66
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Averruncus
                     Deus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ashtaroth
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     108
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     106
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Augias
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     132
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Horn
                     of
                     Plenty
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     137
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Archigallus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     8
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Aspersorium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     28
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alcmeon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     181
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Arena
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     51
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Alea
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Authoramentum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     54
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Angusticlavium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Amphitapae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     79
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Abolla
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     80
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Antiquo
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     95
                  
                
                 
                   
                     As
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     126
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ampleatio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     127
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   B
                
                 
                   
                     Baal
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     98
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Baalim
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     105
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Babylon
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     12
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bacchus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     42
                     ,
                     45
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bastarides
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Baal
                     Shalisha
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     106
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Baal
                     Pheg●r
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     110
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Baal-Berith
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     102
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Baal-zebub
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     102
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Baal-Gad
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     100
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Belenus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     117
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Belus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     98
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bellonaria
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     42
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Belatucadrus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     117
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Beelsamen
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     96
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Berecynthia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     7
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Belides
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     75
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bellerophon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     125
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bona
                     dea
                     Cybele
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     8
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bimater
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     42
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Botes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Brabenta
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     49
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Briareus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     11
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Briseis
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     9
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bromius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Brontes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Busi●is
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     133
                  
                
                 
                   
                     By●sa
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     253
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Balista
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     143
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bestiarii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bustuarii
                     Glad
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bacchanales
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Battus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     49
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bubona
                     dea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     88
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   C
                
                 
                   
                     Cadmus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     168
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Caduceus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     48
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cajete
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     245
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calisto
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     57
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calliope
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Caesar
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     100
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calc●i
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calydonian
                     Boar
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     144
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calais
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Caligae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Camilli
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     ●6
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Campus
                     Martius
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     98
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Campiductor
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Candidatus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     83
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Canopus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     261
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cassiopea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Castor
                     and
                     Pollux
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Capitol
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     65
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cassius
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Career
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Carceres
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     45
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Carptor
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     90
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Catapulta
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     143
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cavea
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     51
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Camilla
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     258
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Capaneus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     180
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     189
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Capys
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chaos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Charon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Carthage
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     253
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cassandra
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     237
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Golden
                     Calves
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     93
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calypso
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     247
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Charibdis
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     6●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cardmenta
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Catius
                     Deus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Caeleno
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cecropes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     4
                     ,
                     14
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ceglusa
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     26●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Centaurs
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     7
                  
                
                 
                   
                     C●pheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     12
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cephalus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     261
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cerberus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Castor
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     156
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ceres
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     ●9
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Celeres
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     100
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chesse
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Censor
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     109
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Centurio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cestus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chalcas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     216
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chersonesus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chimera
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17●
                     ,
                     125
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chiron
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     26
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chryses
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     228
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Chemosh
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     100
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Circenses
                     ludi
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     45
                     ,
                     48
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Circus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     45
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Clotho
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Classis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     79
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cliens
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calpe
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     135
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Clytemnestra
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cyrene
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     260
                     ,
                     22
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cupidon
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     53
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Coena
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Copreae
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Coelus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cornea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cocytu●
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Colossus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     32
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     12
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cohors
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     135
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Collumbar
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Collonia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     145
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Comessatio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     C
                     mitia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     93
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Compitales
                     ludi
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Confarreatio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Conscripti
                     patres
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Consules
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     106
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Corcyra
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     247
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Contubernium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cortina
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Coronae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     151
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Muralis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Navalis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Obsidionalis
                     ,
                     &c.
                     
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Corybantes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     2
                     ,
                     70
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     15
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Coronis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ciun
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     113
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Creon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Creusa
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     25
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Culeus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     20
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cuneus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     141
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cruces
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     129
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cuniculi
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     143
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cumina
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Curiae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Curetes
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Curulis
                     sella
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     66
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cybele
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cyllene
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     51
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cynosura
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     57
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cythera
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cytheron
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cyclopes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Comedia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Carceres
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     45
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cymbium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     92
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calceati
                     dentes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     89
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Calices
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     92
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Congiarium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     84
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   D
                
                 
                   
                     Danae
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     13
                     ,
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Danaus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     75
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Damnatio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     131
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Daphne
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dardanus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dares
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     127
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dedalus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     50
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Deianira
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     137
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dei●hobu●
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     221
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Decimatio
                     legion
                     .
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     149
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Decumae
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     126
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Decuriae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Delubrum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Depontani
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     20
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Desultorii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     46
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dialis
                     flam
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Delos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     25
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Delphos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     34
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Deucalion
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     32
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Diana
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     26
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dido
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     53
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dictator
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     113
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ditany
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     258
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Diomedes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     133
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dione
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dionysus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dioscouroi
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Discord
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     203
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dodone
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     16●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Doris
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     6●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Diminutio
                     cap.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Discus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Diributores
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     90
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Divortium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Duumviri
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dreams
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     184
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Drepanum
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     25
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Druids
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     33
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dryades
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dulichia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     207
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dyndimene
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     7
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dactyli
                     Idaei
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     21
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dyctimnis
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     40
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dirae
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Demophon
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     14
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dolphins
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     157
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Deiphile
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     182
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dolabra
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dice
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Divorce
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Diffareratio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Denicales
                     f●riae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     79
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Decemviri
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     114
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Dyrce
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     264
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   E
                
                 
                   
                     Eccho
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     71
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Editor
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     49
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Egeon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     11
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Electra
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     171
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eculeus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Edictum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Elephantini
                     libri
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                      
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eleusina
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     260
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     38
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Epulones
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     36
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Equestris
                     ordo
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Equitum
                     magist
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     133
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ergastulum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Elysian
                     fields
                  
                   
                     49
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Endymion
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     38
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Elisa
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     253
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Enceladus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     11
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Epeus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     216
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ephesus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     12
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Epimetheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     12
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Epode
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Erichthonius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     57
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eridanus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     32
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Erastratus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     39
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Esculapius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     20
                     ,
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eteocles
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     175
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Evadne
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     189
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Evander
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     34
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Euboea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     210
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eumenides
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Euripi
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     49
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Exequiae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     77
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Europa
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Euryalus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     258
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eurydice
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     260
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eurylochus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     246
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eryphile
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     177
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eurystheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     262
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Excuneat
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Etesian
                     winds
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     260
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eumolpus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     262
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eros
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     54
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Eccho
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     71
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Epaphus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ermensewl
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     116
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Enigma
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     174
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Euthymus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Exauthorati
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     54
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Edictum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   F
                
                 
                   
                     Faunus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     68
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Factiones
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Familiae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     4●
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     69
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fanum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Farracia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     70
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Feretra
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fasces
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     103
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     107
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Feciales
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Feronia
                     Dea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     89
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Flamines
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     29
                     ,
                     95
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Golden
                     Fleece
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     162
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Feriae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     79
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fidiculae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fidius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fiseus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     120
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Flora
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     89
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fortuna
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     81
                     ,
                     84
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Francus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     250
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Francois
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     250
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fratres
                     areales
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     29
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Flexumines
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     102
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Focus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     18
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Forum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     16
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fornices
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     152
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Funerals
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     75
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Frumentum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     126
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Furcifer
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     129
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Furcae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     129
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Friga
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     115
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Flint
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     116
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fidegast
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     116
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Flammeum
                     or
                     Flammeus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Faseiae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   G
                
                 
                   
                     Galli
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     8
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gemoniae
                     Scalae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     131
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Genius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     82
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gladiators
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Glaucus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Globus
                     milit
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     141
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gladius
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     147
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gorgones
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     124
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gymnastae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gemini
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ganimedes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     13
                     ,
                     22
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Geryon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     133
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Gustatio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     89
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Roman
                     Government
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     99
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   H
                
                 
                   
                     Harmonia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     171
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Harpocrates
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     263
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Harpies
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     2
                     ,
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Haruspices
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     32
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hastati
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     138
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hamadriades
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hebe
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                     ,
                     22
                  
                
                 
                   
                     He●cate
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     37
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hecatomb
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     20
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hector
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     229
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hecuba
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     243
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Helena
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     147
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Haeres
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     126
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Helenus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Helicon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     126
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hell
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     71
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Helle
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     63
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hellanodicks
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     46
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hellespont
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     63
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Harpastum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Henetes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     50
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hercules
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Heroes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     121
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Herilus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     133
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hermaphroditus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     50
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Horta
                     dea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Herophilus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     33
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hiarbas
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     54
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Helmsteed
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     116
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hesione
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     28
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hesperides
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     133
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hesperus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     50
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hesus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     116
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hippolyte
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     132
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hyppolitus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     26
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     148
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hyerax
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     90
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hippomedon
                  
                   
                     8
                  
                   
                     178
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hippodamia
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     173
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     192
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hippona
                     dea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     88
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hostia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hyacinthus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hydra
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hymeneus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hylas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     162
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hypocrene
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     125
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Hyreus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Horacius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     21
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   I
                
                 
                   
                     Janus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     34
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Janiculus
                     mons
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     65
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Jasius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Jason
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     151
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     160
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Icarus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     50
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ilythia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     22
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Idea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     69
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Idols
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     9
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Idomeneus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     215
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ilium
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ilus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ino
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     62
                     ,
                     66
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Jentaculum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ilicet
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Images
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Imperator
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Incestus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Indigetes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     121
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Iuferiae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Interrex
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     113
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Intervallum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     14●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Jocasta
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     173
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Iphiclus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     129
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     140
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ismene
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     175
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Isis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     90
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ionia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ithaca
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     207
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Iphigenia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     210
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Iphis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     263
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Judges
                     of
                     Hell
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Judgement
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     127
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Julus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     259
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Juno
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     213
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     16
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Juno●es
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     83
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Jupiter
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     1●2
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     10
                     ,
                     14
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Justa
                     solvere
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     77
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ixion
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Inter●edere
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     117
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Indigetes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     85
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Iugatinus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ida
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     153
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Jocasta
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     172
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Juvenilia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     42
                  
                
                 
                   
                     〈◊〉
                     games
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Intendere
                     actionem
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     127
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   L
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Labyrinthus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     145
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     11
                     ,
                     15
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lachesis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Laerthes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     212
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Laius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     172
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lanista
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lapides
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     112
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Laquearii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lararium
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     84
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Laocoon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     231
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Laodimia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     217
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Laomedon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     28
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Roman
                     Lawes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     123
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lares
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     81
                     ,
                     84
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Latinus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     255
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Latium
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     3
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Levana
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Laverna
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Latona
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     25
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lavinia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     255
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lavinium
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     256
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     257
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Laurentum
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     255
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lausus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     258
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Leuticlavia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Latrones
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Latrunculus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Legatus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     1
                     8
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Legio
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lemnos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lemura
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     42
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lectistemia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Leda
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lenoeus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lestrigones
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     245
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lethe
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     49
                     ,
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Liber
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     46
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Leucothea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     24
                     ,
                     63
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lictores
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     110
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lipara
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lituus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lotos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     244
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Libitina
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lucina
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     38
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lessus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Leges
                     Rom.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     122
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Libanima
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     25
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Liberti
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Litare
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     26
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Literati
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     132
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ludi
                     Rom.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lupa
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     63
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lupercal
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     68
                     ,
                     2
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     39
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lucifer
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     56
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Luna
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     42
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lustration
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lustrum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     109
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lycaon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     264
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lycus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Line●us
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     152
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lycomedes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     209
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lychas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     138
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lusus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     46
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lenaea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     46
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lerna
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Lucus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     18
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ludi
                     compitalitii
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Castrenses
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Capitolini
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Cereales
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   M
                
                 
                   
                     Macaon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     139
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Magistrates
                     Rom.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     99
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Maia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     48
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Marriages
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     68
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Marathon
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     141
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Manipulus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Manumissus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mars
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     23
                     ,
                     24
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Marsyas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     155
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     158
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mausolus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     12
                     ,
                     15
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Medea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     162
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     164
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Medusa
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     125
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Medus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Megalesia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     7
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Megaera
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Megara
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Meleager
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     144
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Memnon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     55
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Melicerta
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Melpomene
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Menades
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mancipatio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     126
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Megalesia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     7
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Merenda
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Milites
                     Rom.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     135
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Meneceus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     178
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Menelaus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     205
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mercurius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     27
                     ,
                     48
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mercurii
                     Sors
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mezentius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     257
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Midas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     155
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Milo
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     47
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Minerva
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mimi
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Montes
                     Romae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     65
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Morbus
                     Comitialis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     96
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mulctae
                     Rom.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mullei
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Morea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     192
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mnemosume
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Moloch
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     21
                     ,
                     96
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mola
                     salsa
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Momus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     8●
                     ,
                     85
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Morpheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Muncrarius
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     38
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Muses
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Minos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     145
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Minotaurus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     144
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     seven
                     Miracles
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     14
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mirrha
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     277
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mirmidones
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mirmillones
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     53
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mirtilus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     192
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     194
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Municipium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     145
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Muscae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     88
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Muses
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Murica
                     dea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mellona
                     dea
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     88
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mazol
                     Tob
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     101
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Marnas
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     107
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Mero
                     Merodach
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     113
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     Moon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     114
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   N
                
                 
                   
                     Naiades
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Napeae
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Naumachia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     51
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nauplius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     235
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nervus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nascio
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nausicae
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     247
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nemea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nemesis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     82
                     ,
                     85
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Neoptolemus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     265
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nephele
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     63
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Neptunns
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     3
                     ,
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nereus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nereids
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nessus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     1●7
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nestor
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     216
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Niobe
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     191
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nisa
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nisus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     258
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nongenti
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     95
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nuncium
                     mittere
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nuptiae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nimphes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Numa
                     Pompilius
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nycteus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     265
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nyctemine
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     265
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Naxos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     145
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Naphtha
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     166
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nectar
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nox
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Naaenia
                     dea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nilus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     95
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nisroch
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     110
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Nibchaz
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     110
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   O
                
                 
                   
                     Oceanus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oedipus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     172
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oenomaus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     192
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     194
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oenus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     41
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oeta
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     138
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ogyges
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     33
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Onager
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     143
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Opima
                     Spolia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     152
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ops
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     7
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oïleus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     215
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Olympias
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     275
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Omphalis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Orci
                     galea
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Orestes
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     194
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Orchestra
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     49
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Orgia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     46
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Orion
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Orbis
                     milit
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     141
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Orpheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     154
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Osiris
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     46
                     ,
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oscines
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ovatio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ovilia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     98
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Olympick
                     games
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ouranos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oxen
                     of
                     the
                     Sun
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     247
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ocypete
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Oanes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     107
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   P
                
                 
                   
                     Pallas
                     Evandri
                     fil
                     .
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     256
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Patavium
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     250
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Padus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     32
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Palaestra
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Palamedes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     57
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Palam
                     mediac
                     i
                     coluli
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     57
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Palemon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pales
                     magna
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     10
                     ,
                     68
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Palladium
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     9
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Palatinus
                     mons
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     65
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pallium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     80
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Par
                     &
                     impar
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     53
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pan
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     155
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     68
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Panathenea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     18
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Parma
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     147
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pandora
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     12
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pancratiastes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Paphos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Paris
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     203
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Parnassides
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Patina
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Par●ae
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Parthenopeus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     178
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pasiphae
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pat●ra
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Paterpatratus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     30
                     ,
                     36
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Palagium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     80
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Patroclus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     228
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Patroni
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pegasus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     50
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pelops
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     192
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Penates
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     81
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Penelope
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     248
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pegmata
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     54
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Peleus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Penula
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     80
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pelias
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     160
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pelops
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     190
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pelopidas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     170
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Peloponn●sus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     192
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Penetralia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pentathletae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Perduelionis
                     reus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     98
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pentheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     47
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Penthesilia
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Periander
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     154
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Perseus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     123
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phaedra
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     148
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phaeton
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phalaris
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     143
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phidias
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     16
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phorbas
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     25
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phlegrean
                     fields
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     11
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phleoeton
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phoebe
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     38
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phaebus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phollus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     142
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Philomela
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Philoctetes
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     138
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phineus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phoci
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Phrixus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     63
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Picus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     68
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pluto
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     71
                     ,
                     77
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pirethous
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     146
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Penula
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Platea
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     261
                  
                
                 
                   
                     P●ssinuntia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     70
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Petaurum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pila
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pindarus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     170
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pinarii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pistrinum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     1●2
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Planopedes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Plebiseitum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     95
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pocula
                     Rom.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     92
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Poena
                     Rom.
                     
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pollinct●res
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pompa
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     50
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pollux
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Polyphemus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     244
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pontifex
                     Max.
                     
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     36
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Popae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     36
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Porta
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                     P●rtorium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     146
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Postulatio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     127
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Potitii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praecidane●
                     hostioe
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     24
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praefectus
                     urbis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     112
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praefectus
                     Praetor
                     .
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     120
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Proefectus
                     annonae
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     119
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praefectus
                     aerarii
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     119
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praeficae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praerogativa
                     Trib.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     96
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praetexta
                     toga
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     82
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praepetes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praetores
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     110
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praetoriani
                     milit
                     .
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     120
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Prandium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Podium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     49
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Polites
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     232
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Polybius
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     173
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Polydamas
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     46
                     ,
                     47
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Polydorus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     251
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Polymnestor
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     251
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Polynices
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     175
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     177
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Polyxena
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     202
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Priapus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     53
                     ,
                     54
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Priests
                     of
                     the
                     gods
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     20
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Priamus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     202
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Procustes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     144
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Procyon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Prometheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     12
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     134
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pegasus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     125
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Progne
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     266
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pros●rpina
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     71
                     ,
                     39
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Princeps
                     Juventutis
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     1●1
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Princeps
                     milit
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     138
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Proconsul
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     121
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Propraetor
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     121
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Proletarii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     97
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Promulsis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     89
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Prooemium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     89
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Promulgatio
                     leg
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     96
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Prosoenium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     55
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Proteus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     142
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Provinciae
                     Cons
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     121
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Et
                     Praetoriae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     121
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pulvinaria
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Puncta
                     publica
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     97
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Prothesilans
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     217
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pugiles
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pumiliones
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     53
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pigmalion
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     253
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pylades
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     2●8
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pyracmon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pyramides
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     14
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pyrrha
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     38
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pyrrhus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     232
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pythia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     or
                     Pythonissa
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pyra
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     77
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Python
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     26
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praefericulum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Poeulum
                     boni
                     dei
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     93
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Prono
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     116
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Protervia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Pyrrene
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     41
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Protheus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Praeconi
                     subjicere
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Roman
                     punishments
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Q
                
                 
                   
                     Quadruplatores
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     126
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Quaesitores
                     Rom.
                     Judges
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Quaestores
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     116
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Quirinus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                     ,
                     65
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Quiris
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     71
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Quatuorviri
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     119
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Quinquereium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     45
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Quirites
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   R
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Raia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     158
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Retiarii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     43
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rhadamanthus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rhea
                     Sylvia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rhesus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     214
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rhodes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     29
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rhodia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     29
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Roma
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     63
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Romulus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rostra
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     66
                     ,
                     77
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rosa
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Recta
                     coena
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Repotia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Repudium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rex
                     Rom.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     99
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rexsacror
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     29
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Robur
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rudis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rude
                     donatus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rusina
                     dea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     88
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rimmon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Remphan
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     113
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Robigus
                     deus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     88
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Rogus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     77
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ricinium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     80
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ricae
                     ,
                     Reticulae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sabins
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sacer
                     homo
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     124
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sacrarium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sacrificer
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sacramentum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     135
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sacrosanctus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sagum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     80
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Salii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Salmacis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     50
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Salmoneus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     75
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sarpedon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     214
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Saturnus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Satyrs
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     69
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Scaurus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     56
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Scamander
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Scena
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Scenici
                     ludi
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Scriba
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     1●2
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Scrobiculus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     18
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Secespita
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sella
                     curulis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     66
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Semones
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Senaculum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     66
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Senatus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     104
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Senatores
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     105
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Fedarii
                     &
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     104
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Allecti
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     104
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Septa
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     98
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Scylla
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Semiramis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     14
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Semele
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     4●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Serapis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sybele
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     37
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sicheus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     253
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Seige
                     of
                     Troy
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     2●3
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sigeum
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     229
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Silenus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     69
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sirens
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     66
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sysiphus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sinon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     231
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sinois
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Si●plegades
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     162
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sol
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     42
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sparta
                     .
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     195
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Spartacus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     21
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Septicolis
                     urbs
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     64
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sepultura
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sequestses
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     84
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sestertius
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sica
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     147
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Signa
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     139
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Signatores
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     69
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Silicernium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sinistra
                     pars
                     Mundi
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Siticines
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Solea
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sphinx
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     91
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sponsalia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     69
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Stipendiarii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     146
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Stipes
                     noxiales
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Stola
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     95
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Stadium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sthelenus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     215
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Strophe
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     2●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Steropes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Styx
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sylvanus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     6
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Suffragia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     97
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Supplicationes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Supplicia
                  
                   
                     ●
                  
                   
                     128
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Suyphus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     92
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Sucubula
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     8●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Supparum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     80
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Stragulum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     80
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   T
                
                 
                   
                     Tantalus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     190
                  
                
                 
                   
                     〈◊〉
                  
                   
                     ●
                  
                   
                     139
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Talismans
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     9
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tartaria
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Temples
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     11
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tabella
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     95
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tabul●
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     9●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Taeda
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     71
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Talio
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     125
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Talus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Torentini
                     ludi
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Taurii
                     ludi
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tarpeia
                     Rupes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tergiductar
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     1●6
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Terminalia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     41
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tessare
                     omnes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     58
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Testamenta
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     125
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Testudo
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     143
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Theaters
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     55
                     ,
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Theasae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Titii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Togae
                     omnes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     8●
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Togeti
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     82
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tormenta
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     129
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Telamon
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     215
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thespius
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     141
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Teleg●nus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     2●9
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Telem
                     iohus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     249
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Telephus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     211
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tenedos
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     224
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Teu●●r
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ter●ipavium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     or
                     Tripudium
                     Solistim
                  
                   
                     31
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thalia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     30
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thaea
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     42
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thebs
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     154
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Theagenes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     48
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Themis
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     32
                  
                
                 
                   
                     The
                     damas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     135
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Therpsicore
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     ●0
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thersites
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     217
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Theseus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     233
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thetys
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thassus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     171
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thoas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thyades
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thyestes
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     194
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tiresias
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     249
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tisiphones
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     73
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Titum
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     2
                     ,
                     3
                     ,
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     75
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tithonus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     55
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Taphet
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     21
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tytius
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     35
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trabeae
                     omnes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     85
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trident
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trieteria
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     44
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tritons
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Triarii
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     138
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tribuuni
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     114
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tribut
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     98
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Triclinium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     88
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trivet
                     of
                     Apollo
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     34
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Triumphus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     151
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Triumviri
                     omnes
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     115
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Troja
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     199
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Troas
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     200
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Troilus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     202
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tros
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     20
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trojanus
                     ludus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     61
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trophaeum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     152
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trossuli
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     102
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tullianum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     130
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tunicae
                     genera
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     85
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Turma
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     136
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Turres
                     ambulator
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     142
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tutors
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     115
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Turnus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     256
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tydeus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     179
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tyndarus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     150
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Typhocus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     11
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tyrocinium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     82
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Trulla
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     92
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tragoedia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     60
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tyberinus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     256
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Teraphim
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     95
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thalassius
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     54
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thammuz
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tholum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     18
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tuisco
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     114
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tharamis
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     115
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Theutates
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     116
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Tmolus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     142
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Thuribulum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     27
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Typhis
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     161
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   V
                
                 
                   
                     Vadari
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     127
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vadimonium
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     127
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Valla
                     Orvalli
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     142
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vaticanus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Venus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     109
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     23
                     ,
                     52
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vectigal
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     137
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Velites
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     137
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Ventilare
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vertomnus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vespae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     76
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vesper
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     56
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vesta
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     2
                     ,
                     4
                     ,
                     8
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vestal
                     Virgins
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     8
                     ,
                     9
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vexilla
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     28
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     236
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vicessimatio
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     149
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Victimae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     22
                     ,
                     26
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Viminaeus
                     Jup.
                     
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     65
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vindicta
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     67
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vinea
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     143
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Viri
                     placa
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     53
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Visceratit
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vertumnus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     62
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Victoria
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     71
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vlysses
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     243
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vomito●ia
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     51
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vmbrae
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     88
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Votireus
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Votivi
                     ludi
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     59
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vr
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     109
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     Part
                  
                   
                     Pag.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vrna
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vsus
                  
                   
                     4
                  
                   
                     72
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vrania
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     69
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vulcan
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     17
                     ,
                     23
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vxores
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     71
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vrticordia
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     53
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vsurpatio
                     Vsucapionis
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     74
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vncimnati
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     87
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Woden
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     115
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Wals
                     of
                     Babylon
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     11
                     ,
                     14
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vinum
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     92
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Vitellns
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     90
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   X
                
                 
                   
                     Xanthus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     214
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   Q
                
                 
                   
                     Zetus
                  
                   
                     1
                  
                   
                     78
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Zephyrus
                  
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     111
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Zonam
                     solvere
                  
                   
                     2
                  
                   
                     86
                  
                
              
            
             
               FINIS
               .
            
             
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A42508-e2250
           
             
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               or
               Abaddon
               ,
               Wh
               ose
               hands
               are
               stained
               with
               Blood.
               
                 Paus
                 .
                 Arcad.
              
               l.
               1.
               
            
             
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               .
            
             
               Alexand.
               
            
          
           
             Jupiter
             dicitur
             lucetius
             quia
             luce
             nos
             adjuvat
             Gell.
             
          
           
             Jupiter
             
               est
               author
               luck
            
             Macrob
             .
             lib.
             Sat.
             
          
           
             Lucifer
             ,
             is
             the
             name
             of
             the
             chief
             Devil
             amongst
             Christians
             .
          
           
             Euseb
             .
             
               de
               praep
               .
               Evang.
            
             lib.
             4.
             cap.
             9.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             Suidas
             .
          
           
             Our
             Version
             saith
             :
             That
             prepare
             a
             Table
             for
             a
             Troop
             ,
             or
             for
             Gad.
             
          
           
             Maimonid
             .
             lib.
             3.
             c.
             40.
             
          
           
             
               The
               Devils
               did
               persuade
               many
               nations
               to
               worship
               the
               Beast
               that
               was
               instrumental
               to
               mans
               Apostacy
               ,
               that
               is
               ,
               the
               Serpent
               .
               The
               Egyptians
               did
               imagine
               it
               to
               have
               an
               immortal
               nature
               
                 Celius
                 Lamprid.
              
               saith
               of
               
                 Heliog
                 .
                 Aegyptios
                 dracuncu●os
              
               Romae
               
                 habuit
                 quos
                 illi
                 agathodaemonas
                 appellant
              
               .
            
             
               and
               Euse●
               .
               in
               praepar
               .
               Evang.
               
                 lib.
                 1.
              
               
            
             
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               .
            
             
               And
               all
               nations
               did
               honour
               he
               Serpents
               ,
               because
               they
               did
               imagane
               they
               had
               something
               of
               Divinity
               in
               them
               .
            
          
           
             From
             hence
             it
             is
             that
             the
             Worthies
             ,
             who
             did
             desire
             to
             be
             esteemed
             more
             than
             Men
             did
             invent
             ,
             that
             the
             Serpents
             had
             begotten
             them
             .
             See
             Justin
             of
             Alexander
             .
          
           
             Varro
             saith
             that
             Jupiter
             is
             a
             God
             of
             Palestine
             ,
             because
             the
             name
             is
             derived
             from
             Jah
             ,
             or
             Jehovah
             the
             holy
             name
             of
             Almighty
             God.
             
          
        
         
           Notes for div A42508-e5060
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             The
             number
             is
             〈◊〉
             
          
           
             
               The
               twelve
               chief
               Gods
               of
               Rome
               ,
            
             Juno
             ,
             Vesta
             ,
             Minerva
             Ceres
             ,
             Diana
             ,
             Venus
             ,
             Mars
             ,
             Mercurius
             ,
             Jupiter
             ,
             Neptunus
             ,
             Vulcanus
             ,
             Apollo
             .
          
           
             In
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             Italy
             from
             him
             was
             named
             Saturnia
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             sacrifices
             of
             all
             other
             Gods
             the
             Priest
             did
             cover
             his
             〈◊〉
             Virg
             3.
             
             Aeneid
             .
          
           
             He
             is
             the
             same
             with
             Moloch
             of
             the
             Israelites
             ,
             for
             that
             word
             is
             derived
             from
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             he
             reigned
             ,
             and
             Kings
             and
             powerful
             men
             were
             called
             Saturni
             by
             the
             Heathens
             .
          
           
             On
             his
             Festival
             day
             they
             did
             loose
             him
             from
             his
             chains
             .
          
           
             A●rea
             nunc
             revocet
             Saturni
             festa
             December
             Nunc
             tibi
             cum
             Domino
             ludere
             verna
             licet
             .
          
           
             This
             Temple
             was
             very
             strong
             and
             secure
             from
             Thieves
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             N●t
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Prov.
             quia
             castrabant
             seipsos
             .
          
           
             In
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             derived
             as
             some
             imagine
             ,
             from
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             the
             fire
             .
          
           
             Vesta
             à
             vestiendo
             terram
             flori●us
             &
             herbis
             .
          
           
             Cum
             farre
             &
             vino
             vestam
             Janumque
             rogabat
             .
             Juvenal
             Satyr
             .
             6.
             
          
           
             
               His
               Epithets
               
                 Herceus
                 .
                 Cui
                 nihil
                 Hercei
                 profuitara
                 Jovis
                 .
              
               This
               Altar
               was
               in
               the
               Yard
               or
               Hall
               of
               those
               that
               were
               free
               of
               the
               City
               .
            
             
               
                 Hospitalis
                 Jupiter
              
               ,
               Greek
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               because
               he
               was
               a
               Protector
               of
               strangers
               .
               
                 Sabadius
                 Iupiter
                 ,
                 Jupiter
                 Hammon
              
               ,
               whose
               Temple
               was
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Sands
               ,
               and
               hills
               of
               Africa
               ;
               for
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               is
               sand
               .
               
                 Jupiter
                 Dodoneus
              
               ,
               who
               gave
               Oracles
               in
               the
               old
               Oaks
               of
               the
               woods
               of
               
                 Dodon
                 .
                 Olympius
                 Jup.
              
               He
               was
               also
               named
               
                 Jupiter
                 Philus
              
               ,
               because
               he
               is
               the
               God
               of
               love
               ;
               Heterius
               ,
               because
               he
               is
               the
               God
               of
               fellowship
               ;
               Homogenius
               ,
               the
               God
               of
               kindred
               ;
               and
               
                 Enhorcius
                 Jup.
              
               because
               he
               is
               the
               God
               of
               Oaths
               .
               He
               is
               stiled
               
                 Aratrius
                 ,
                 Caeneus
                 ,
                 Carius
                 ,
                 Gnidius
                 ,
                 Hypatus
                 ,
                 Omarius
                 ,
              
               &c.
               
            
          
           
             Vulcanus
             did
             the
             office
             of
             a
             Midwife
             at
             this
             time
             ,
             for
             with
             a
             sharp
             hatchet
             he
             slit
             Jupiters
             Skull
             for
             Pallas
             to
             creep
             out
             ▪
             Lucian
             in
             his
             Dialog
             .
          
           
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             invado
             quia
             aer
             omnia
             penetrat
             &
             invadit
             .
          
           
             Sospita
             Juno
             
               was
               worshipped
               in
            
             Lanuvium
             .
             Tit.
             Liv.
             
          
           
             
               Juno
               Februalis
            
             was
             adored
             in
             February
             .
          
           
             From
             hence
             Marriage
             is
             called
             
               Vnicla
               Jugalia
            
             .
          
           
             Che
             tien
             del
             nodomantal
             la
             cura
             vinz
             .
             Cattar
             .
             Im.
             de
             gli
             Dei.
             
          
           
             *
             This
             Juno
             was
             nam'd
             
               Juno
               Sororia
            
             .
             There
             was
             also
             in
             
               Rome
               Juno
               Calendaris
            
             ,
             because
             she
             was
             honored
             in
             the
             Calends
             .
             
               Juno
               Novelia
               ,
               Juno
               Februata
               ;
               Opigena
               Populona
               ,
            
             &c.
             
          
           
             
               Ilithya
               was
               also
               daughter
               of
               Juno
               ,
               called
               otherwise
               Lucina
               .
            
             
               Praepositam
               timidis
               parientibus
               Ilithyam
               .
               Ovid
               Mesam
               .
               lib.
               9.
               
            
          
           
             She
             is
             named
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Hom.
             4.
             
             Iliad
             .
          
           
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             In
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             from
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             to
             be
             bright
             .
             
               Vulcanus
               à
               volvendo
            
             ;
             or
             
               à
               volando
               Candor
            
             .
          
           
             The
             Star
             of
             Mars
             in
             the
             Heavens
             ,
             receives
             an
             influence
             from
             ,
             and
             is
             a
             friend
             to
             Venus
             .
             This
             is
             the
             cause
             of
             the
             Fable
             .
             Philostr
             .
          
           
             Gallus
             was
             the
             Centinel
             at
             the
             door
             ;
             and
             because
             he
             gave
             not
             notice
             of
             
             Apollo's
             rising
             ,
             he
             was
             turned
             into
             a
             Cock
             ,
             that
             now
             foretells
             his
             rising
             in
             the
             Heavens
             
          
           
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             The
             Scyihians
             had
             no
             other
             God.
             Justin
             .
          
           
             Herod
             saith
             ,
             that
             they
             worshipped
             other
             Gods
             ,
             but
             did
             allow
             no
             Temples
             nor
             Statues
             but
             only
             to
             Mars
             .
          
           
             Claudian
             .
          
           
             Claudian
             .
          
           
             He
             is
             named
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             because
             he
             kill'd
             at
             Cuffs
             Phorbas
             a
             cruel
             Robber
             ,
             that
             hindered
             the
             access
             to
             his
             Temple
             in
             Delphos
             .
          
           
             From
             hence
             the
             Prov.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             a
             witty
             child
             ,
             because
             he
             was
             a
             young
             Thief
             .
          
           
             From
             hence
             the
             Proverb
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             of
             a
             huge
             body
             
          
           
             The
             Pythia
             did
             offer
             Oracles
             in
             her
             belly
             without
             the
             assistance
             of
             mouth
             or
             tongue
             ,
             therefore
             called
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               Plutarch
               de
               Orac.
            
             
          
           
             From
             this
             accident
             men
             under
             the
             line
             are
             black
             ,
             as
             some
             say
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Euseb
             .
             Evangel
             .
             praepar
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ab
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             à
             destruendò
             .
          
           
             
               His
               Names
               are
            
             Nomius
             ,
             Abaeus
             ,
             Aegyptius
             ,
             Agraeus
             ,
             Cerdeus
             ,
             Lycius
             ,
             Grynaeus
             ,
             Delius
             ,
             Laemius
             ,
             Nepaeus
             ,
             Pataraeus
             ,
             Parnopius
             ,
             Hyperboreus
             ,
             Thyraeus
             ,
             
               all
               these
               Names
               are
               derived
               from
               places
               where
               he
               was
               worshipped
               .
            
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Prov.
             an
             insallible
             truth
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Persians
               adored
               Apollo
               or
               the
               Sun
               in
               the
               figure
               of
               a
               Lion
               ,
               crowned
               with
               a
               Diadem
               holding
               the
               Horns
               of
               an
               Ox
               in
               his
               paws
               .
               They
               called
               the
               Sun
               Mithra
               .
            
             
               Tertullian
               lib.
               1.
               contra
               Marcionem
               &
               Q.
               Curtius
               .
            
          
           
             *
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ab
             à
             privativa
             &
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             quia
             non
             sinit
             mori
             vel
             ab
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             quia
             medici
             sunt
             crudeles
             ,
             &
             blandi
             Omnes
             medicidi
             cebantur
             Aesculapii
             .
          
           
             Therefore
             Ovid
             saies
             he
             was
             changed
             into
             a
             Serpent
             .
          
           
             Juno
             is
             also
             called
             Lucina
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             valeo
             quia
             potens
             erat
             Virgo
             ,
             &
             incolumis
             à
             voluptatibus
             aliena
             .
          
           
             Therefore
             by
             the
             Greeks
             called
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             *
             This
             shews
             the
             nature
             and
             property
             of
             the
             Moon
             .
          
           
             *
             
               She
               was
               called
               from
               the
               places
               where
               she
               was
               adored
               ,
            
             Diana
             ,
             Taurica
             ,
             Persica
             ,
             Minthia
             ,
             Ephesia
             ,
             Forensis
             ,
             Lycea
             ,
             Sospita
             ,
             Leucophryne
             ,
             Salaminia
             ,
             Alphedia
             ▪
             Euclea
             ,
             &c.
             And
             Jaculatrix
             ,
             Venatrix
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             Triformis
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               destroyer
               of
               beasts
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             
               Therefore
               named
            
             Lya
             or
             Lua
             .
          
           
             There
             were
             three
             degrees
             amongst
             her
             Priests
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             Novices
             entred
             into
             the
             Office
             ,
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             that
             were
             grown
             old
             in
             the
             Service
             .
             Plutarch
             .
          
           
             
               
                 In
                 Greek
              
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               à
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               maneo
               per
               antiphrasin
               quia
               non
               manet
               eadem
               .
            
             
               The
               Romans
               did
               offer
               unto
               her
               the
               spoils
               of
               the
               Enemy
               .
               
                 T.
                 Livius
              
               5.
               
               
                 Decad.
                 lib.
              
               5.
               
            
          
           
             Therefore
             named
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             cruel
             Bacchus
             .
          
           
             
               Addit
               .
               Not.
            
             He
             was
             also
             painted
             riding
             upon
             a
             Tiger
             ,
             in
             one
             hand
             a
             bunch
             of
             Grapes
             ,
             in
             the
             other
             a
             cup
             full
             of
             Wine
             .
          
           
             Bacchus
             
               was
               called
            
             Hedereus
             ,
             Servator
             ,
             Lysius
             ,
             Lyeus
             ,
             Nyseus
             ,
             Leneus
             ,
             Dithyambus
             ,
             Briseus
             ,
             Sabasius
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             venerando
             Iacchus
             ,
             Elebeus
             ,
             Thyoneus
             ,
             Nyctileus
             ,
             Ovid
             lib.
             4.
             
             Metam
             .
             l.
             
               He
               is
               called
            
             Vitifer
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               Furore
               percitus
            
             ,
             a
             mad
             man
             ,
             and
             a
             mad
             god
             .
          
           
             He
             is
             called
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               Pindar
               .
               &
               Horace
               lib.
            
             2.
             
             Od.
             19.
             
          
           
             This
             Festival
             is
             called
             the
             Festival
             of
             God.
             It
             is
             about
             the
             month
             of
             May.
             
          
           
             Philostrat
             .
          
           
             T.
             Livius
             lib.
             39.
             
          
           
             In
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             quia
             interpres
             er
             at
             &
             Nuncius
             Deorum
             ,
             Mercurius
             quasi
             mercium
             curans
             .
          
           
             
               Addit
               .
               Not.
            
             He
             is
             said
             to
             be
             a
             watchful
             God.
             
          
           
             Egypt
             painted
             his
             face
             half
             black
             ,
             and
             half
             of
             gold
             .
          
           
             Some
             think
             him
             to
             be
             Moses
             .
          
           
             Called
             therefore
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             From
             hence
             armed
             women
             are
             named
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             A●d●
             N●●
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             Of
             Neptune
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Homerus
             .
          
           
             Hence
             Prov.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             〈…〉
             
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Vocatur
             Leucothea
             à
             Graecis
             &
             Medusa
             à
             Latinis
             Cicer
             &
             habita
             est
             Dea
             Maris
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not
             
          
           
             
               Hence
               called
            
             Mater
             Pessinuntia
             ,
             or
             Dea
             Syria
             .
          
           
             He
             loved
             also
             the
             Nymph
             
               Syring
               .
               Ovid.
            
             
          
           
             Clotho
             colum
             retinet
             Lachesis
             net
             ,
             et
             Attropas
             occat
             .
             
               they
               are
               called
               also
            
             nona
             decima
             morta
             .
          
           
             
               He
               is
               named
            
             Dis
             Summanus
             Altor
             ,
             Rusor
             ,
             Februus
             .
          
           
             Orci
             Galea
             
          
           
             
               Haec
               omnis
               quam
               cernis
               in
               opis
               in
               humataque
               turba
               est
               :
               portitur
               ille
               Charon
               ,
               hi
               quos
               vehit
               unda
               sepulti
               .
            
             
               Nec
               ripas
               datur
               horrendas
               &c.
               
                 Virgil
                 6
                 Aen.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               
                 Addit
                 .
                 Not.
                 Genius
                 à
                 gignendo
                 ,
              
               or
               
                 ab
                 ingerendo
              
               ;
               because
               he
               supports
               or
               suggests
               unto
               us
               thoughts
               .
            
             
               Virgil
               names
               them
               Manes
               .
            
          
           
             Tibull
             .
             lib.
             4.
             
          
           
             Lararium
             ,
             the
             place
             where
             they
             were
             worshipped
             .
             There
             were
             
               Lares
               publici
               ,
               Lares
               familiares
               I
               ares
               Hostitii
               ,
            
             to
             drive
             away
             enemies
             ,
             
               Lares
               Marini
            
             ,
             of
             the
             Sea
             ;
             
               Lares
               querquetulani
            
             ,
             of
             she
             Oaks
             .
             They
             are
             also
             called
             
               Praestites
               Larvae
               ,
               Lemures
            
             ,
          
           
             *
             or
             Vagitanus
             .
          
           
             Nuda
             Venus
             faecunda
             Pales
             ,
             Pharetrata
             Diana
             ,
             Juno
             gravis
             ,
             prudens
             Pallas
             ,
             turrita
             Cybelle
             .
          
           
             Besides
             these
             most
             noted
             Gods
             of
             Egypt
             ,
             they
             worshipped
             there
             all
             the
             Herbs
             of
             their
             Garden
             ,
             which
             the
             Romans
             were
             ashamed
             to
             imitate
             .
          
           
             *
             Some
             thinks
             this
             Anubis
             to
             be
             Mercurius
             as
             we
             shall
             see
             afterwards
             .
          
           
             Herodot
             .
             sacres
             Igurn
             .
          
           
             
               De
               sapient
               .
               cap.
               10.
               
            
             
               Et
               comes
               in
               pompa
               corniger
               .
               Apis
               erat
               .
               Ovid.
               fast
               .
            
             
               
                 Exod.
                 32.
                 6.
              
               
               Barbara
               Memphiten
               plangere
               docta
               Bovem
               Tibull
               .
            
          
           
             
               Plinius
               ,
               lib.
               5.
               cap.
               9.
               
            
             
               Osiris
               also
               named
               Bacchus
               .
            
          
           
             Nachmonides
             &
             R.
             Moses
             .
          
           
             Minucius
             Faelix
             ,
             Lactant
             .
             Justin.
             
          
           
             2
             King.
             17.
             31.
             
          
           
             From
             hence
             the
             Greek
             word
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             a
             man.
             
          
           
             Cogere
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             a
             Chald-word
             .
          
           
             Maff●●us
             de
             Job
             .
             Ind.
             and
             Munster
             .
             Cosmograph
             .
          
           
             Selden
             de
             diis
             Syris
             .
             cap.
             6.
             
             Virg.
             lib.
             6.
             
             Ovid.
             Metam
             .
             lib.
             7.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Selden
             de
             diis
             Syris
             .
          
           
             Hesychius
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Euseb
             .
          
           
             His
             Priests
             did
             cut
             themselves
             in
             honour
             of
             him
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             
               Hieron
               adose
               .
               cap
               ▪
               11.
               
            
             
               Isidor
               .
               Orig.
               lib.
               3.
               cap
               ,
               11.
               
               Numb
               .
               25.
               1.
               and
               3.
               
            
             
               1
               Kings
               15.
               11
               ,
               12.
               
            
             
               2
               Chron
               15.
               16
               
               This
               Priapus
               was
               named
               Miphleteth
               ,
               an
               abominable
               Idol
               .
            
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Gen.
             30.
             11.
             
             Aben-ezra
             .
          
           
             Munster
             .
          
           
             Isaiah
             65.
             10.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             or
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             
               2
               King
               1.
               2.
               from
               hence
               in
            
             Hebr.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Deus
             hoc
             discrimen
             posuit
             imer
             sacrif
             .
             Demon
             ,
             &
             sui
             legitimi
             cultus
             .
          
           
             Plin.
             lib.
             10.
             
             H
             st
             .
             Natur.
             cap.
             28.
             
          
           
             Pliny
             saith
             that
             after
             the
             sacri
             c●s
             all
             the
             flies
             did
             immediately
             depart
             .
             This
             agrees
             with
             the
             relation
             of
             the
             Jewish
             Rabbies
             above
             mentioned
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             
               Signifies
               a
               Covenant
               .
               Thucyd
               .
            
             
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
            
          
           
             Psa
             .
             25.
             10.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             12.
             16.
             
          
           
             The
             Naturalists
             do
             inform
             us
             ,
             that
             as
             soon
             as
             our
             eyes
             are
             open
             in
             a
             morning
             ,
             they
             turn
             of
             themselves
             to
             behold
             and
             admire
             the
             Sun
             when
             we
             sleep
             in
             he
             open
             Ayr.
             
               Coel.
               Rhodig
            
             .
          
           
             
               Acts
               7.
               41.
               
            
             
               2
               King.
               17.
               16.
               
               Dan.
               8.
               10.
               
               &
               Nehem
               9.
               6.
               
               There
               the
               Host
               of
               Heaven
               signifies
               the
               Stars
               .
            
          
           
             1
             Sam.
             7.
             4.
             
             Compare
             2
             Chron.
             21.
             13.
             and
             1
             Kin.
             18.
             
             Chap.
             18.
             with
             Jer.
             8.
             2.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Steuch
             .
             Eugub
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Cicer.
             natur
             .
             Deor
             ,
             lib.
             3.
             
          
           
             She
             is
             named
             Baaltis
             and
             
               Haec
               baal
            
             .
             '
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             
               Lucian
               .
               Venus
            
             was
             named
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             and
             adored
             in
             the
             form
             of
             a
             Fish
             .
             
               Ovid
               ●ast
               .
               lib.
            
             2.
             
          
           
             Euseb
             .
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Selden
             .
          
           
             Herodian
             
               in
               vita
            
             Heliogab
             .
             lib.
             5.
             
             Histor
             .
             She
             is
             named
             
               Astronoe
               Damafc
            
             .
             The
             Syrians
             did
             observe
             her
             Festival
             ;
             the
             men
             in
             habits
             like
             women
             ,
             and
             the
             women
             in
             mens
             cloaths
             .
             Macrob.
             
          
           
             1
             Sam.
             5.
             2.
             
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Bochart
             Geog
             .
             Sacr.
             lib.
             4
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Cicer.
             Nat
             Deorum
             lib.
             3.
             
             Caphtorims
             a
             people
             of
             Cappadocia
             descended
             of
             the
             Scythians
             .
          
           
             2
             Kings
             17.
             
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Merodotus
             Munster
             in
             cosmograph
             .
          
           
             
               See
               Levit.
            
             19.
             29
             
          
           
             Ve●●●
             Babylo●ia
             Dicta
             est
             
          
           
             ●he
             Goddesse
             ●as
             named
             A●itis
             in
             Ar●enia
             ;
             in
             her
             emple
             Virns
             did
             proture
             themselves
             before
             marriage
             .
             This
             custome
             was
             in
             
               Lydia
               .
               ●lia
               .
               lib.
            
             4.
             v.
             Hist
             .
             The
             learned
             
               Selden
               .
               Va●er
               .
               Maxim.
               lib.
            
             2.
             c.
             6.
             ●is
             remarkable
             that
             Venus
             is
             named
             by
             the
             Pagans
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               the
               Destroyer
               of
               men
            
             ,
             for
             there
             is
             no
             greater
             enemy
             to
             health
             ●n
             excess
             in
             Venerean
             delights
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             was
             the
             Altar
             upon
             which
             the
             fire
             did
             burn
             .
          
           
             I
             have
             seen
             them
             at
             these
             devotions
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Elias
             Levit.
             Diodor.
             
          
           
             Kings
             19.
             
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               Joseph
               .
               lib.
            
             1.
             ap
             .
             4.
             
          
           
             ●erodot
             .
             in
             liv
             .
          
           
             2
             Kings
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             See
             Bochart
             Georg.
             Sacr.
             
          
           
             Herodotus
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Ezech.
             5.
             15.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             prov
             ,
             to
             offer
             a
             hateful
             thing
             as
             a
             gift
             .
          
           
             Tammur
             from
             to
             die
             
          
           
             The
             Heathen
             women
             did
             carry
             a
             dead
             body
             to
             the
             ground
             ,
             and
             did
             weep
             to
             perpetuate
             the
             funeral
             of
             
               Adonis
               ,
               Demosth
            
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Isaiah
             46.
             
             Jerem.
             48.
             1.
             
          
           
             Most
             of
             the
             Syrian
             Gods
             were
             named
             Pattaeci
             ,
             that
             is
             Tutelar
             Gods.
             
          
           
             Jerem.
             25
             26.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             A
             nos
             Acts
             7.
             43.
             
          
           
             See
             Verstegan
             .
          
           
             Olaus
             .
             Mag.
             
          
        
         
           Notes for div A42508-e31200
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Called
             Stymphalides
             .
          
           
             Now
             
               Tartari●
               ▪
            
          
           
             Erytio
             was
             his
             cruel
             Minister
             of
             State
             ,
             who
             was
             kill'd
             .
             He
             drove
             these
             Oxen
             from
             Italy
             ,
             where
             he
             kill'd
             
               Lihys
               Dereylus
            
             ,
             and
             Alebion
             ,
             who
             offered
             to
             hinder
             his
             passage
             ,
             and
             steal
             his
             beasts
             He
             sacrificed
             them
             all
             to
             Juno
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Witness
             Aelian
             in
             his
             various
             stories
             ,
             a
             Greek
             Poet
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Heliconius
             ,
             lesbins
             ,
             and
             Nemaus
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             are
             great
             and
             difficult
             undertakings
             .
          
           
             Of
             him
             is
             the
             Prov.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Diogen
             Of
             a
             chast
             and
             virtuous
             man.
             
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Diod.
             l.
             5.
             cap.
             ●
             
          
           
             Hence
             is
             the
             Prov.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Of
             a
             fair
             Lady
             ,
             she
             proceeds
             from
             an
             Egg.
             
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Homer
             .
          
           
             Vnde
             Ovid
             de
             Arione
             fast
             lib.
             2.
             at
             ●ibi
             nave
             tua
             tutius
             aequor
             erat
             .
          
           
             Some
             say
             to
             ●he
             Promontor
             of
             Tenarus
             in
             Greece
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             A
             Greek
             Prov.
             a
             simple
             fellow
             .
          
           
             See
             
               Ovid
               Metamorph
            
             .
             10
             and
             11
             Books
             .
          
           
             Some
             say
             that
             he
             was
             kill'd
             with
             a
             Thunderbolt
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             it
             draws
             nigh
             
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             Arion
             erat
             Patriâ
             Methymneus
             obscuris
             parentibus
             natus
             ,
             Poeta
             insignis
             pr●ecipue
             Dithyrambicus
             .
          
           
             Therefore
             named
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             Ovid
             fast
             .
             lib.
             6.
             
             Prima
             terebrato
             per
             rara
             for
             amina
             buxo
             ut
             daret
             effeci
             tibia
             longa
             sonos
             .
          
           
             
               Media
               illa
               tempestate
               inter
               flueb
               at
               Marsyas
               amnis
               fabulosis
               Graecorum
               carminibus
               inclyrus
               .
            
             
               Quint.
               Curt.
               lib.
               3.
               
            
          
           
             Lucan
             .
             
               Pharsal
               .
               lib.
            
             3.
             
          
           
             
               Called
               therefore
               by
               Plato
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               a
               solitary
               life
               ,
               or
               a
               harmless
               life
               ,
               entertained
               by
               herbs
               and
               roots
               .
            
             
               It
               is
               said
               that
               he
               prophecied
               of
               the
               Worlds
               c
               ntinuance
               .
            
             
               Aetate
               in
               sexta
               cessabit
               machina
               mundi
               .
            
          
           
             They
             were
             in
             number
             54.
             
          
           
             
               Lynceo
               Perspicat●or
               .
               Cicero
            
             ,
             a
             quick
             and
             good
             eye
             .
          
           
             Hercules
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             Hylas
             was
             the
             Son
             of
             Theodamas
             ,
             from
             whom
             Hercules
             stole
             an
             Oxe
             in
             the
             Isle
             of
             Rhodes
             ,
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Merimnus
             and
             Pheretres
             the
             two
             children
             of
             
               Medea
               .
               Thessalus
            
             her
             other
             Son
             escaped
             .
             He
             reigned
             in
             Thessaly
             ,
             and
             gave
             his
             name
             to
             the
             Country
             .
          
           
             Flammea
             subduxi
             medicato
             lumina
             somno
             :
             Et
             tibi
             quae
             raperes
             vellera
             tuta
             dedi
             
               Me
               dea
               ,
               Jasoni
            
             in
             Ovid.
             
          
           
             From
             hence
             the
             Prov.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Plutarch
             .
             He
             that
             kills
             with
             an
             intention
             to
             cure
             .
             
               Quid
               referam
            
             Peliae
             
               natos
               pietate
               nocentes
               ,
               Caesaque
               virginea
               membra
               paterna
               manu
               .
            
             Ovid
             in
             Medea
             .
          
           
             *
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             called
             otherwise
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             or
             Iris
             ,
             or
             
               Ignis
               Medeae
            
             ,
             is
             such
             a
             powerful
             compound
             ,
             that
             if
             it
             comes
             near
             the
             fire
             ,
             or
             Sun
             beams
             ,
             it
             will
             suddenly
             set
             all
             the
             Air
             round
             about
             in
             a
             flame
             .
             Plutarch
             says
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             made
             of
             that
             sulphurous
             matter
             or
             Clay
             ,
             that
             bursts
             forth
             of
             the
             Territory
             of
             Babylon
             ,
             called
             also
             by
             the
             Hebrews
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             as
             some
             imagine
             from
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             to
             fly
             about
             ;
             because
             it
             is
             of
             such
             an
             airy
             and
             fiery
             composition
             ,
             that
             at
             the
             least
             provocation
             it
             spreads
             and
             communicates
             its
             hot
             nature
             to
             all
             that
             comes
             near
             unto
             it
             .
             Of
             this
             strange
             compound
             Diosc
             .
             speak
             ,
             lib.
             1.
             cap.
             102.
             
             And
             
               Plinius
               ,
               lib.
            
             2.
             cap.
             105.
             
             And
             the
             Greek
             Poet
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             from
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             to
             heal
             ,
             before
             he
             was
             called
             Dolomodes
             .
          
           
             ●u●
             .
             Chron.
             Diod
             .
             l.
             5.
             cap.
             11.
             
             Aug.
             lib.
             8.
             de
             civit
             .
             cap.
             26.
             
          
           
             He
             was
             to
             build
             a
             City
             where
             the
             Oxe
             did
             lye
             down
             when
             it
             was
             weary
             of
             its
             journey
             .
          
           
             The
             Dragon
             did
             proceed
             from
             Mars
             ,
             it
             kill'd
             Seriphus
             and
             Daileon
             ,
             the
             servants
             of
             Cadmus
             .
             The
             truth
             is
             ,
             this
             Dragon
             was
             a
             famous
             Robber
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             a
             violent
             grief
             ,
             for
             she
             drowned
             her self
             in
             despair
             .
             Others
             add
             Autonoe
             and
             Polydorus
             ,
             sons
             of
             Cadmus
             .
          
           
             The
             Oracle
             told
             the
             Illyrians
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             obtain
             the
             victory
             against
             their
             Enemies
             ,
             if
             Cadmus
             was
             their
             Captain
             .
             By
             that
             means
             he
             reigned
             in
             Illyria
             .
          
           
             Epaminondas
             was
             a
             Scholar
             of
             
               Pythagoras
               .
               Diog.
               Laert.
               lib.
            
             8.
             
          
           
             Thebs
             was
             rebuilt
             by
             Alexanders
             command
             ,
             for
             the
             sake
             of
             a
             great
             Wrastler
             that
             had
             been
             thrice
             crowned
             at
             the
             Olympick
             Games
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Vlpian
             .
          
           
             The
             Greek
             Letters
             are
             called
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             an
             unhappy
             Victory
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Euripid.
             in
             Medea
             .
          
           
             After
             his
             death
             his
             Successors
             did
             enjoy
             a
             portion
             of
             all
             the
             gifts
             offered
             to
             Apollo
             in
             Delphos
             .
             Some
             say
             Pindarus
             was
             a
             Child
             cast
             away
             in
             the
             Woods
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             was
             nourisht
             by
             Honey
             instead
             of
             Milk.
             
          
           
             
               Davussum
               non
            
             Oedipus
             Terent
             ;
             one
             of
             an
             ordinary
             capacity
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             a
             Prov.
             From
             hence
             to
             express
             the
             just
             curses
             of
             a
             Superiour
             .
          
           
             
               Tiresia
               caecior
               Juvenal
            
             a
             blind
             fellow
             .
             He
             was
             the
             son
             of
             ●ur●mus
             a
             Shepherd
             of
             Mount
             Syllerus
             ;
             he
             had
             been
             both
             a
             man
             and
             a
             woman
             :
             Juno
             punished
             him
             with
             blindness
             for
             revealing
             a
             secret
             which
             women
             only
             can
             tell
             ,
             but
             Jupiter
             rewarded
             him
             with
             a
             life
             seven
             times
             longer
             than
             ordinary
             ▪
             Read
             Hyginus
             75
             Book
             of
             Fables
             .
          
           
             Of
             him
             is
             the
             Proverb
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             because
             he
             was
             so
             cruel
             to
             his
             Daughter
             ,
             as
             to
             cause
             her
             to
             be
             devoured
             of
             a
             horse
             for
             not
             preserving
             her
             chastity
             .
             Diogenian
             .
          
           
             His
             name
             was
             Maeon
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Thebans
               a●ter
               the
               Victory
               built
               a
               Temple
               to
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               .
               
                 Plutarch
                 ,
                 Statius
              
               .
               From
               hence
               the
               Prov.
               
                 Fratris
                 contentiones
              
               ,
               implacable
               hatreds
               or
               discords
               .
            
             
               Addit
               .
               Not.
               
            
          
           
             The
             Cranean
             Gate
             was
             sirnamed
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             where
             there
             was
             a
             Temple
             dedicated
             to
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Jupiter
             the
             most
             high
             God.
             Pa●sa●ias
             and
             Plutarch
             .
          
           
             
               This
               Chain
               was
               unfortunate
               afterwards
               to
               all
               its
               owners
               .
            
             
               Alcmeon
               gave
               it
               to
               his
               Wife
               Amphesibea
               ;
               &
               her
               Brother
               Themon
               ▪
               gave
               it
               to
               Apollo
               at
               Delph
               ,
               from
               whence
               it
               was
               carried
               by
               the
               Phocenses
               that
               rob'd
               the
               Temple
               .
            
             
               His
               Ph●dram
               ▪
               proc●inque
               ●ocis
               ,
               moestamque
               Eriphylen
               .
            
             
               
                 Crudelis
                 gnati
                 monstrantem
                 vu●nera
                 cernit
              
               .
               Virg.
               lib.
               6.
               
               Aeneid
               .
               The
               Motto
               of
               Amphiaraus
               was
               excellent
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               .
               Euripid
               in
               his
               Tragedy
               of
               the
               Phoeni.
               
            
          
           
             
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               idem
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               to
               speak
               truth
               ,
               and
               sen
               e
               ,
               or
               Oracles
               .
            
             
               Matth.
               2.
               22.
               
               Act.
               10.
               22.
               
               Heb.
               12.
               25.
               
               Amongst
               the
               Romans
               the
               interpretation
               of
               Dreams
               was
               the
               office
               ●f
               the
               Augures
               
                 Rosin
                 .
                 lib.
              
               3.
               
            
          
           
             Plinius
             lib.
             7.
             
             Chap.
             56.
             
          
           
             
               Called
               by
               Homer
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               .
            
             
               He
               calls
               an
               evil
               dream
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               .
               
                 Odyss
                 .
                 lib
              
               6.
               
               &
               Iliad
               .
               2
               
                 Valerius
                 Maxim
                 ,
                 lib.
              
               1
               ▪
               cap.
               7.
               
               
                 Pont.
                 Diacon
                 .
                 in
                 vita
              
               Cyprian
               ,
               Gregor
               .
            
             
               Moral
               lib.
               18.
               
            
          
           
             In
             somnio
             exteriores
             sensus
             dormiunt
             &
             interiores
             cernuntar
             .
             
               Gregor
               .
               lib.
               23.
               
               Mor.
               
            
          
           
             Aristotle
             of
             Animal
             4
             Book
             .
          
           
             Virgil
             lib.
             7.
             
             Aeneid
             .
          
           
             They
             did
             deliver
             Oracles
             in
             caves
             of
             the
             earth
             ,
             where
             the
             Poets
             did
             place
             the
             Ivory
             gate
             of
             hell
             ,
             for
             in
             hell
             were
             2
             gates
             .
          
           
             This
             was
             the
             happy
             Age
             ,
             when
             learning
             was
             admired
             and
             rewarded
             .
             From
             hence
             the
             Prov.
             
               Sophocles
               est
            
             ,
             he
             is
             a
             happy
             Orator
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             These
             things
             happened
             about
             the
             daies
             of
             Gedeon
             ,
             Judge
             of
             Israel
             ,
             2750
             years
             after
             the
             Creation
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             as
             
               Euseb
               .
               Chron.
               Diod.
               l.
               5.
            
             and
             Hygin
             .
             do
             think
             .
          
           
             See
             C.
             Tacitus
             lib.
             1.
             
             Annal.
             
          
           
             Humano
             generi
             posuit
             natura
             creatrix
             .
             Hanc
             legem
             ,
             ut
             tumuli
             membra
             sepulta
             tegant
             .
             
               Rosin
               ,
               ex
               vet
               .
               Poet.
               
            
          
           
             Pelopis
             talenta
             ,
             a
             great
             talent
             .
             There
             were
             two
             sorts
             a
             little
             one
             worth
             60
             l.
             and
             a
             great
             one
             worth
             80
             l.
             sterling
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             Euseb
             .
             deprepar
             .
             Evang.
             l.
             2.
             
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             
               Prov.
               an
               imminent
               danger
            
             .
          
           
             Pelops
             was
             worshipped
             as
             a
             God
             ,
             and
             his
             Sanctuary
             placed
             at
             the
             right
             hand
             of
             the
             Temple
             of
             
               Jupiter
               Olymp.
            
             His
             shoulder
             of
             Ivory
             was
             carried
             to
             Troy
             ,
             and
             lost
             in
             the
             Sea
             at
             the
             return
             ,
             but
             found
             by
             Demarmenus
             ,
             a
             Fisherman
             ,
             who
             carried
             it
             to
             the
             Eleans
             ,
             by
             the
             advice
             of
             the
             Oracle
             ,
             to
             deliver
             them
             from
             the
             Plague
             .
             Pausanias
             .
          
           
             For
             that
             reason
             he
             is
             said
             to
             be
             
               bis
               pubescens
            
             .
             Ovid.
             Metam
             .
          
           
             Myrtilus
             the
             son
             of
             Mercurius
             &
             of
             Cleobula
             .
          
           
             Pelops
             promised
             that
             he
             should
             lie
             one
             night
             with
             Hippodamia
             of
             whom
             he
             was
             also
             in
             love
             but
             Pelops
             would
             never
             suffer
             him
             ▪
             Hygin
             .
             Tit.
             Livius
             .
          
           
             Pausanies
             .
             Lucian
             in
             Charidemo
             .
          
           
             Lucan
             Phars
             .
             lib.
             6.
             
          
           
             From
             hence
             the
             Prov.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             an
             excellent
             Chariot
             .
          
           
             Some
             say
             she
             was
             the
             daughter
             of
             
               Phoroneus
               Giod
               Boccac
            
             .
          
           
             Ovid.
             Metam
             .
             lib.
             6.
             
          
           
             Ovid
             de
             Pont.
             lib
             1.
             
          
           
             
               Addit
               .
               Not.
               Seneca
            
             in
             the
             Tragedy
             of
             Thyestes
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             an
             angry
             conntenance
             .
             Lucian
             Prov.
             
          
           
             Giod
             .
             Boccac
             .
             lib.
             1●
             .
             Geneal
             .
             de
             Gli
             Dei.
             
          
           
             He
             was
             the
             son
             of
             the
             King
             of
             Corinth
             :
             when
             his
             elder
             Brother
             was
             dead
             ,
             there
             was
             a
             dispute
             between
             him
             and
             his
             other
             Brother
             Jasius
             about
             the
             succession
             :
             part
             of
             the
             people
             did
             favour
             
               Dard
               ▪
            
             and
             the
             other
             
               Jasius
               .
               Dard.
            
             with
             his
             favourites
             took
             shipping
             ,
             and
             setled
             in
             Phrygia
             .
             Philostr
             .
          
           
             Tros
             had
             War
             with
             Tantal
             .
             King
             of
             Phrygia
             ,
             who
             took
             his
             son
             Ganimede
             prisoner
             ,
             and
             sent
             him
             as
             a
             present
             to
             Jupiter
             King
             of
             Crete
             .
             This
             gave
             occasion
             to
             the
             Fable
             .
             
               Natal
               .
               Com.
            
             
          
           
             The
             truth
             is
             ,
             Laomedon
             spoiled
             the
             Temples
             of
             Apollo
             and
             Nep●unus
             to
             build
             Troy.
             
               Natal
               .
               Com.
               de
               Neptuno
            
             .
             This
             sacriledg
             hath
             caused
             the
             Fable
             
               Menia
               Phoebe
               ●
               structa
               canore
               Lyne
               .
            
             Of
             Troy
             
               Ovid
               in
               Epist
               .
               Parid.
            
             
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Nec
             dum
             Laomedonteae
             sentis
             perjuria
             gent●s
             ?
             Virg.
             lib
             
               4
               Aeneid
            
          
           
             Creusa
             ,
             Cassandra
             ,
             Iliona
             ,
             Laodicea
             ,
             Licaste
             ,
             Medisicasti
             ,
             Polisena
             .
             Paris
             ,
             Hector
             ,
             Helenus
             Caonus
             ,
             Troilus
             ,
             Deiphobe
             ,
             Polidorus
             ,
             Licaon
             ,
             Teucrus
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Nevertheless
             Ovid
             saith
             ,
             Bella
             gerant
             a●i
             tu
             Pari
             semper
             ama
             .
          
           
             Con
             miaguida
             ●aduliero
             Trojano
             .
             Espugno
             Sparta
             ▪
             &
             Chebbe
             in
             suo
             potere
             .
             
               Gio.
               Boccac
               .
               Geneal
               .
               de
               gli
               Dei.
               l.
               3.
               
            
          
           
             Ab
             à
             privativa
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             He
             led
             an
             Army
             of
             Myrmidones
             to
             Troy.
             
          
           
             
               Mensuras
               &
               pondera
               invenit
            
             Phidion
             Argivus
             ,
             aut
             Palamedes
             ,
             ut
             Ma-Jeuit
             Gellius
             .
             Plin.
             Lib.
             7.
             
             Chap.
             56.
             
          
           
             He
             is
             called
             by
             Homer
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             signifie
             his
             cunning
             ,
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             &
             
               sanguine
               cretu●
            
             Si●yphio
             .
          
           
             *
             Justin
             .
             Lib.
             2.
             
          
           
             Scamander
             is
             named
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             The
             young
             Damsels
             were
             wo●t
             to
             wash
             in
             t●●s
             River
             before
             Marriage
             ,
             saying
             unto
             it
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             Homer
             Il.
             21.
             
          
           
             Lucian
             .
          
           
             *
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Homer
             .
          
           
             Diomedes
             wounded
             Venus
             ,
             she
             in
             revenge
             made
             his
             wife
             a
             whore
             ,
             so
             that
             he
             would
             not
             return
             home
             ,
             but
             settled
             i●
             Italy
             ,
             where
             he
             built
             a
             City
             now
             called
             Benevento
             ,
             ofter
             his
             death
             his
             people
             were
             metamorphised
             into
             strange
             birds
             ▪
             named
             Cetaractes
             ,
             they
             ●ly
             away
             from
             a
             wicked
             man
             ,
             but
             cherish
             the
             good
             especially
             the
             Greeks
             ,
             see
             
               Plin
               lib.
            
             2.
             c.
             〈◊〉
             .
          
           
             *
             He
             is
             called
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               Sweet
               mouth'd
            
             He
             was
             the
             Son
             of
             Neleus
             King
             of
             
               Pylos
               Hercules
            
             restored
             unto
             him
             his
             Kingdom
             ,
             because
             of
             his
             justice
             
               Hygin
               .
               ch
            
             .
             10.
             
             &
             Pausan
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Homer
             .
          
           
             He
             is
             stiled
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             because
             he
             was
             swift
             in
             running
             ▪
             
          
           
             This
             Ajax
             was
             the
             Prince
             of
             Salamis
             called
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             the
             Bulwark
             of
             the
             Greeks
             ,
             because
             he
             was
             big
             and
             high
             and
             rendred
             invulnerable
             by
             the
             prayers
             of
             Hercules
             who
             put
             upon
             him
             his
             Lyons
             skin
             and
             desired
             Jupiter
             that
             he
             might
             not
             be
             subject
             to
             wounds
             only
             under
             his
             Arms
             see
             Pindar
             in
             
               Od.
               Iishm
            
             .
          
           
             Dardanus
             Iliace
             primus
             pater
             urbis
             &
             Author
             .
             Virgil.
             
          
           
             This
             Apollo
             is
             named
             by
             Homer
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             because
             he
             did
             put
             his
             enemies
             to
             ●light
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             from
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             light
             ;
             because
             he
             brings
             light
             into
             the
             world
             or
             from
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             a
             Wolfe
             ,
             because
             he
             was
             adored
             in
             the
             image
             of
             a
             wolfe
             in
             Aegypt
             .
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Hom.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               S●mmusque
               dies
            
             Hectoris
             
               idem
               patrioeque
               fuit
               .
               Homer
            
             calls
             him
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             &c.
             Homer
             Il.
             20.
             
          
           
             
               He
               was
               the
               son
               of
               the
               River
               Stygmon
               and
               of
               the
               muse
               Euterpe
               or
               of
               Eioneus
               as
               Homer
               saith
               .
            
             
               Philostrat
               in
               Protesiliao
            
          
           
             *
             
               He
               was
               called
               ●●ppus
               by
               the
               Aegiptians
               .
            
             
               Pausan
               where
               he
               was
               killed
               the
               Poets
               do
               say
               that
               a
               Fountain
               sprung
               up
               which
               yeilded
               drops
               of
               blood
               every
               year
               on
               the
               day
               of
               his
               death
               
                 Nat
                 ▪
                 Com.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             Hom.
             15.
             11.
             
          
           
             Pindar
             .
          
           
             
               Ovid
               
                 saith
                 otherwise
                 in
              
               Penelop
               ad
               Vlyss
               .
               Sive
               qui●
               Antilochum
               narrabat
               ab
               Hectore
               victum
               ▪
               &c.
               
            
             
               Creta
               or
               Candia
               was
               call'd
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               because
               there
               was
               in
               it
               an
               hundred
               Cities
               :
               now
               there
               is
               but
               thre●
               ,
               
                 Candia
                 ,
                 Canea
              
               or
               Cidon
               from
               whence
               are
               the
               
                 Mala
                 Cidonia
              
               ,
               quinces
               ,
               the
               third
               is
               
                 Rethymo
                 Gnosus
              
               was
               the
               Metropolis
               in
               the
               time
               of
               Minos
               ,
               scituate
               upon
               Mount
               Ida
               now
               called
               Philoi●ri
               .
            
          
           
             *
             He
             was
             betrayed
             to
             Menelaus
             by
             Helena
             ,
             his
             
               nose
               &
               ears
            
             were
             cut
             off
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             he
             was
             massacred
             by
             the
             Greeks
             .
             See
             Virg.
             6.
             
             
               Aeneid
               .
               Helena
               crater
            
             A
             Merry
             Cup.
             from
             her
             tears
             sprung
             up
             the
             herb
             Helenium
             or
             Helicampane
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Dictis
             was
             of
             Crete
             and
             Dares
             a
             Phrygian
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             He
             did
             entertain
             Serpents
             ,
             who
             did
             feed
             at
             his
             table
             .
             In
             the
             hot
             countries
             ,
             as
             in
             Italy
             and
             Barbary
             Snakes
             do
             commonly
             run
             about
             the
             houses
             ,
             eat
             the
             crumbs
             of
             bread
             and
             hunt
             after
             Cats
             ,
             as
             our
             Cats
             .
             The
             Moors
             have
             no
             other
             Cats
             to
             devour
             their
             Mice
             .
             The
             truth
             is
             that
             Agamemnon
             fell
             in
             love
             with
             the
             prisoner
             of
             
               Ajax
               ,
               Cassandra
            
             ,
             and
             took
             her
             aw●
             by
             force
             ,
             therefore
             he
             fled
             away
             in
             a
             little
             boat
             ,
             and
             was
             drown
             in
             a
             tempestuous
             Sea.
             
          
           
             Nauplius
             the
             Son
             of
             Neptunus
             and
             Amymone
             the
             Daughters
             of
             Danaus
             King
             of
             Argos
             ,
             endeavoured
             to
             revenge
             himself
             upon
             the
             Greeks
             by
             perswading
             their
             wives
             at
             home
             to
             make
             them
             cuckolds
             in
             their
             absence
             ,
             and
             when
             the
             Army
             returned
             he
             caused
             many
             ships
             to
             run
             a
             ground
             upon
             his
             Island
             killing
             all
             that
             came
             into
             his
             power
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Notes
             .
          
           
             Hom.
             Il.
             18.
             
          
           
             Ovid
             ▪
             metamor
             ▪
             l.
             
               19
               ▪
            
          
           
             Some
             relate
             the
             Story
             of
             Hecuba
             otherwise
             
               ●irca
               ruinas
               ●●●da
               latra●●
               suas
            
             Troja
             ●●rses
             Hecu●●
             Seneca
             .
          
           
             See
             Auson
             in
             in
             his
             Epitaphes
             .
          
           
             Var.
             Hist
             .
             cap.
             13.
             
          
           
             His
             head
             and
             face
             was
             like
             Jupiter
             ,
             his
             shoulders
             were
             like
             those
             of
             Mars
             ,
             and
             his
             breast
             like
             
               Neptunes
               ,
               Hom.
               Il.
            
             2
             
          
           
             *
             She
             was
             called
             by
             the
             Greeks
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             because
             she
             was
             bound
             up
             in
             a
             bundle
             of
             willow
             branches
             ,
             unto
             this
             Diana
             the
             Lacedemònians
             did
             offer
             humane
             sacrifices
             ,
             which
             custome
             Lycur●u●
             altered
             ,
             causing
             the
             Maids
             and
             youths
             to
             be
             whipt
             onely
             until
             the
             blood
             did
             come
             ,
             which
             they
             sprinkled
             upon
             her
             Altar
             .
             Plutarch
             .
          
           
             Pausan
             .
          
           
             Hygin
             .
          
           
             Apollo
             perswaded
             him
             to
             kil
             his
             Mother
             ;
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             Eurip.
             in
             Orest
             .
          
           
             Euripid.
             in
             Iphigen
             .
          
           
             Tisamenes
             was
             the
             Son
             of
             Orestes
             .
          
           
             See
             
               Hygin
               .
               Chap.
            
             25.
             
             Of
             the
             women
             of
             Lemnos
             and
             Orph.
             in
             his
             Argon
             .
          
           
             We
             have
             related
             this
             death
             of
             Hecuba
             otherwise
             .
             according
             to
             the
             opinion
             o●
             other
             Authors
             .
          
           
             When
             he
             arrived
             in
             Italy
             one
             of
             his
             men
             was
             kil'd
             for
             ravishing
             a
             Maid
             :
             Vlysses
             being
             departed
             without
             paying
             unto
             him
             any
             funeral
             rights
             ,
             his
             Spirit
             did
             mightily
             torment
             and
             vex
             theinhabitants
             so
             that
             to
             appease
             it
             they
             did
             erect
             a
             temple
             to
             him
             and
             expose
             every
             year
             ,
             a
             a
             Virgin
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             for
             the
             Spirit
             to
             destroy
             .
             Euthymus
             the
             Champion
             overcame
             it
             ,
             and
             delivered
             a
             Virgin
             which
             he
             married
             .
             Plin.
             mentions
             him
             lib.
             7.
             c.
             47.
             
          
           
             This
             is
             a
             Fable
             of
             the
             vainglorious
             French
             
          
           
             Achates
             .
          
           
             Vocabatur
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             because
             he
             was
             a
             good
             Sheapheard
             and
             Husbandman
             .
             Pindar
             His
             wife
             was
             Antonio
             ,
             and
             one
             of
             his
             sons
             was
             Acteon
             ,
             who
             was
             torn
             by
             his
             dogs
             .
          
           
             Asopus
             was
             the
             Son
             of
             Jupiter
             and
             of
             Clymene
             ;
             or
             of
             Neptune
             and
             of
             
               Ceglasa
               .
               Nat.
               Com.
            
             He
             discovered
             Jupiters
             desire
             by
             the
             means
             ▪
             of
             Sisyphus
             ,
             who
             is
             punished
             in
             hell
             for
             his
             indiscre●ion
             .
          
           
             Hygin
             .
             Greg.
             Gyrald
             .
             in
             Historia
             de
             Diis
             Gen.
             
          
           
             Ruffin
             ▪
             Eccles
             .
             Histor
             .
             lib.
             11.
             
          
           
             Suidas
             .
          
           
             Vocabatnr
             Canobus
             ,
             or
             Canopus
             .
          
           
             Hesych
             .
          
           
             Cicer.
             de
             Nat.
             Deor.
             
          
           
             Quique
             premit
             vocem
             ,
             digit●que
             silentia
             suadet
             .
             Ovid.
             
          
           
             Macrob.
             Solin
             .
          
           
             See
             Mountaigne
             ,
             Essayes
             .
          
           
             Or
             Lynceus
             or
             Lycus
             .
          
           
             Ovid
             Metamorph
             .
             lib.
             6.
             
          
           
             Plin
             Natur.
             Hist
             .
             lib.
             5.
             
          
           
             Euseb
             ,
          
           
             Macrob.
             
          
           
             Plutarch
             .
          
           
             Suidas
             .
          
           
             Hesych
             .
          
           
             Cicer.
             
          
           
             Herodot
             .
             Pausan
             .
          
           
             Plutarch
             .
          
           
             
               See
               Bochart
            
             .
             Geog.
             Sacr.
             
          
           
             See
             the
             Journals
             and
             Relations
             of
             the
             Voyages
             of
             our
             English
             ,
             of
             the
             French
             ,
             and
             Italian
             Travellers
             into
             Egypt
             .
          
           
             Virg
             ▪
             Aeneid
             .
             1.
             6.
             
          
           
             Plutarch
             .
          
           
             There
             have
             been
             many
             of
             that
             name
             .
          
           
             Aelian
             .
             l.
             12.
             
          
           
             Cor.
             Tacit.
             
          
           
             See
             
               Martial
               lib.
            
             1
             Epig.
             14.
             
          
           
             Lucan
             .
          
           
             Q.
             Curt.
             
          
           
             Martial
             l.
             7.
             
          
           
             Some
             think
             Janus
             to
             be
             Noah
             ,
             otherwise
             called
             
               Vadimon
               Oenotrius
            
             ,
             &c.
             and
             that
             he
             was
             represented
             with
             two
             Faces
             ,
             because
             he
             had
             seen
             two
             Worlds
             .
             See
             
               Delp
               .
               Phenicizant
            
             of
             the
             Learned
             
               Edm.
               Dickinson
            
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A42508-e65990
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             *
             Concerning
             this
             ●case
             of
             Conscience
             .
             consult
             
               Rainold
               .
               de
               Idololat
               .
               Rom.
               Eccl●s
               .
            
             Sadel
             .
             contra
             Burdeg
             .
             Martyr
             .
             Loc.
             
               com
               .
               M●lancthon
            
             &c.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             2.
             27.
             
          
           
             Crudeles
             dij
             vestri
             sunt
             qui
             delect
             intur
             vestro
             sanguine
             ac
             ●os
             impellunt
             ad
             vitam
             fundendam
             ,
             
               Clemens
               Alex.
            
             
          
           
             S●e
             what
             God
             saith
             to
             the
             bowing
             of
             our
             bodies
             to
             the
             Idols
             .
             Deut.
             4.
             19.
             
             And
             S.
             Hierom
             against
             Ruffin
             .
             lib.
             1.
             
          
           
             ●●nucius
             Felix
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             was
             the
             opinion
             of
             the
             Heathen
             .
          
           
             It
             seems
             by
             the
             false
             Miracles
             which
             the
             Papists
             do
             ascribe
             to
             the
             Images
             ,
             that
             they
             do
             labour
             to
             persuade
             the
             people
             that
             there
             is
             such
             a
             Divine
             virtue
             inherent
             in
             them
             .
          
           
             Concil
             .
             Trident.
             Sessio
             25.
             
             De
             invocat●
             vener
             at
             .
             &
             reliquiis
             Sanctorum
             .
          
           
             Imagines
             Dei
             Angelor
             .
             hominum
             Sanctorum
             proprie
             per
             se
             non
             autem
             tantum
             respectu
             Prototypi
             colendoe
             sunt
             &
             quidem
             cultu
             religioso
             .
             
               Bel.
               l.
               2.
               c.
               12.
            
             
             Disp
             .
             Tho.
             Aquinas
             
               is
               of
               the
               same
               opinion
               ,
               so
               are
               all
               the
               Jesuitical
               writers
               .
               Exod.
               20.
               4
               ,
               5.
               
            
          
           
             John
             4.
             24.
             
          
           
             Deut.
             4.
             12.
             
          
           
             Esaias
             40.
             18.
             
          
           
             Rom.
             1
             :
          
           
             Aventin
             .
             in
             Annal
             .
          
           
             
               Nicetas
               Chron.
            
             l.
             3.
             
          
           
             Anno
             Domini
             .
             1180.
             
          
           
             Neub
             .
             l.
             4.
             
          
           
             
               Xenophon
               Exped
               .
               Cyr.
               lib.
            
             2.
             
             
               Homer
               .
               Iliad
            
             .
             6.
             
             
               Plutarch
               .
               ▪
               Appian
            
             .
             The
             Hebrews
             call
             Idols
             also
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Nihilum
             ,
             or
             Stercora
             ,
             dunghil
             Gods.
             For
             Jupiter
             was
             named
             Stercoreus
             by
             the
             Heathens
             
          
           
             St.
             Katherine
             .
             St.
             George
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Isaiah
             63.
             16.
             
             We
             may
             find
             this
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             applyed
             to
             the
             Dead
             and
             buryed
             ,
             in
             the
             42.
             
             Gen.
             36.
             
             Joseph
             is
             not
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Vide
             
               Martial
               Epigr
            
             ,
             1.
             
          
           
             Plin.
             lib.
             36.
             c.
             5.
             
             Herod
             .
             lib.
             8.
             
             Strabo
             lib.
             13.
             
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Sands
             Journal
             .
          
           
             1440
             foot
             high
             
          
           
             Vinz
             .
             Lor.
             
          
           
             Belon
             .
          
           
             The
             Israelites
             were
             imployed
             to
             build
             the
             Pyramides
             ,
             as
             some
             do
             think
             .
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             a
             vile
             fellow
             .
             Prov.
             
          
           
             Labyrinthus
             ,
             an
             intricate
             discourse
             .
          
           
             Artus
             .
             Thom.
             
          
           
             Philostrate
             .
          
           
             The
             workman
             was
             Phidias
             the
             
               Athenian
               .
               Josephus
            
             .
          
           
             The
             upper
             part
             uncovered
             signifyeth
             how
             he
             is
             known
             to
             the
             Angels
             ,
             but
             the
             lower
             part
             covered
             ,
             signifies
             how
             God
             hides
             himself
             in
             his
             works
             to
             the
             inferior
             creatures
             .
             Suidas
             .
          
           
             *
             Sueton.
             in
             vita
             Calig
             .
          
           
             Acts
             17.
             
          
           
             Templum
             signifies
             the
             Heavens
             ,
             or
             the
             Air
             where
             Birds
             do
             flie
             ,
             for
             the
             Augures
             to
             make
             their
             Observations
             .
             
               Coel.
               Rhodig
            
             .
             Vide
             
               Cornelius
               Tacit.
            
             lib.
             4.
             
          
           
             
               Sistere
               fanum
               vel
               effari
               .
               Templum
               ,
            
             is
             to
             appoint
             a
             place
             to
             build
             a
             Church
             ,
             which
             was
             done
             by
             the
             Augures
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             called
             Sacellum
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             now
             taken
             for
             a
             V●stry
             .
          
           
             Aditus
             signifies
             an
             Entry
             .
          
           
             Aelian
             .
             v●r
             .
             Histo●
             .
             l.
             2.
             c.
             20
          
           
             Porticus
             ,
             or
             Pronaon
             was
             the
             Porch
             .
          
           
             Altare
             quasi
             alta
             area
             .
          
           
             *
             
               a
               fovendo
               ignem
               pro
               aris
               &
               focis
               pugnare
               ,
            
             to
             fight
             for
             God
             and
             our
             houses
             .
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             
               suspendere
               clypeum
            
             ,
             to
             live
             in
             peace
             .
          
           
             Strabo
             lib.
             15.
             
          
           
             Porphyrius
             .
          
           
             Others
             went
             about
             the
             City
             and
             were
             named
             
               Amburbales
               hostiae
            
             .
          
           
             Pocula
             lustrabant
             sulphure
             &
             aqua
             pura
             &
             aliquando
             cum
             ovo
             &
             pisce
             .
          
           
             Talibus
             orantem
             dictis
             aramque
             t●nentem
             
               Virg.
               4.
               
               Aeneid
            
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             This
             they
             Borrowed
             from
             the
             Jews
             ,
             and
             most
             of
             their
             Ceremonies
             ,
             see
             
               Court
               Gentil
               .
               Theoph.
               Gale.
            
             They
             were
             to
             wash
             the
             Victims
             all
             over
             ,
             and
             to
             purifie
             the
             vessels
             with
             oynions
             ,
             water
             ,
             brimstone
             ,
             and
             an
             egg
             .
          
           
             From
             hence
             comes
             immol●tio
             .
          
           
             This
             custom
             is
             called
             
               libatio
               .
               libare
            
             to
             taste
             .
          
           
             Wine
             was
             unlawful
             in
             the
             Sacrifices
             of
             Ceres
             .
             Plautus
             .
          
           
             Natal
             .
             Com.
             
          
           
             They
             did
             offer
             Sacrifices
             also
             to
             their
             deceased
             friends
             ,
             a
             barren
             Cow
             was
             killed
             :
             blood
             ,
             with
             Wine
             was
             poured
             forth
             .
          
           
             The
             hair
             of
             the
             living
             was
             cut
             off
             ,
             and
             offer'd
             unto
             them
             ,
             &c.
             
               Natal
               .
               Com.
            
             
          
           
             
               The
               Priest
               of
            
             Pluto
             
               was
               cloathed
               in
               black
            
             .
             Tenque
             novas
             circium
             felix
             eat
             hostia
             fruges
             .
             
               Virg.
               Georg.
               lib.
               1.
            
             
             Numero
             Deus
             impare
             gaudet
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Appollon
             .
             lib.
             3.
             
             Argo●
             .
          
           
             Rosinus
             .
          
           
             They
             did
             run
             naked
             about
             the
             streets
             ,
             and
             the
             barren
             women
             did
             strive
             to
             touch
             them
             ,
             fancying
             a
             blow
             from
             them
             able
             to
             render
             them
             fruitful
             ,
             See
             
               Juven
               .
               Satyr
            
             .
             2.
             
          
           
             They
             were
             named
             Crepi
             à
             
               crepitu
               Scutorum
            
             ,
             and
             Germani
             by
             Cicero
             .
          
           
             
               Creabantur
               a
               populo
               Comitijs
               curiatis
            
             .
             A.
             Gel.
             lib.
             15.
             cap.
             27.
             
          
           
             
               Certant
               addicere
               sortes
            
             .
             Ov
             ▪
             Metam
             .
             lib.
             15.
             
          
           
             Named
             Amalthea
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Herodot
             .
          
           
             Ro●●aus
             .
          
           
             Sil.
             Ital.
             
          
           
             Rosin
             .
             lib.
             3.
             
             C.
             4.
             
          
           
             
               Lucan
               .
               Pharsal
            
             .
             lib.
             1.
             in
             fine
             .
          
           
             Salios
             duodecim
             Marti
             gradivo
             Legit
             ,
             &c.
             T.
             Livius
             .
             
               lib.
               1
            
          
           
             *
             The
             Duumviri
             were
             under
             the
             chief
             parties
             appointed
             to
             keep
             the
             Books
             of
             the
             Sybils
             ,
          
           
             Rosin
             .
             Ant.
             Rom.
             
               lib.
               3.
            
             
          
           
             Cal.
             Rhodig
             .
             ver
             .
             Lestion
             .
          
           
             Designator
             was
             he
             who
             did
             order
             the
             Funeral
             .
          
           
             Bonis
             avibus
             ,
             vel
             malis
             avibus
             agredi
             aliquid
             ,
             Prov.
             
          
           
             
               Folium
               recitare
               Sybillae
            
             .
             Juvenal
             .
             Sat.
             8.
             
             Her
             Oracles
             were
             written
             upon
             the
             leaves
             of
             a
             Tree
             .
          
           
             Lupercal
             was
             the
             place
             where
             Romulus
             and
             R.
             were
             nourished
             by
             a
             Bitch
             .
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Strenae
             .
             New
             years
             gifts
             
          
           
             They
             were
             instituted
             by
             Romulus
             after
             the
             murther
             of
             his
             Brother
             Remus
             ,
             and
             called
             Remuria
             .
             Ovid.
             lib.
             5.
             
             Fast
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             vel
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Harpastum
             ,
             was
             round
             and
             rold
             on
             the
             ground
             .
             Sive
             Harpasta
             
               manu
               pulverulenta
               rapis
            
             .
             Mart.
             in
             lib
             4.
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             is
             either
             the
             place
             or
             the
             exercise
             .
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             is
             the
             place
             where
             they
             did
             learn.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             the
             sive
             sorts
             of
             Combats
             .
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             because
             they
             did
             imploy
             all
             their
             strength
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             hence
             the
             Prov.
             Herbam
             dare
             to
             acknowledge
             the
             victory
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             or
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Called
             Circus
             Maximus
             ,
             ve
             Hippodromus
             .
          
           
             Euripus
             is
             properly
             the
             strait
             Sea
             between
             Greece
             and
             Negropont
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Titus
             Livius
             .
          
           
             Called
             Visoria
             ,
             because
             they
             were
             built
             handsomly
             for
             all
             to
             see
             .
             The
             Seats
             were
             called
             Cunei
             from
             their
             form
             .
             
               Arena
               vocatur
               etiam
               Cavea
            
             .
          
           
             
               Bustuarij
               glad
            
             ,
             were
             those
             that
             did
             fight
             at
             the
             death
             of
             Noble
             Men.
             
          
           
             
               These
               were
               named
            
             Thraces
             ,
             or
             Parmularij
             ,
             
               from
               their
            
             Target
             parma
             .
             Just
             .
             Lyps
             .
             Tunicati
             Retiarij
             vel
             Laquearij
             
          
           
             Named
             otherwise
             Galli
             ,
             because
             they
             did
             imitate
             the
             
               Gauls
               .
               Essedarij
            
             ,
             were
             they
             who
             sought
             in
             Waggons
             .
             Familia
             ,
             is
             taken
             for
             a
             company
             of
             Fencers
             and
             their
             guardian
             ,
             is
             called
             
               Pater
               familias
            
             .
          
           
             Proscenium
             ,
             was
             before
             the
             Scene
             where
             a
             Pulpit
             was
             erected
             .
          
           
             In
             Pompeiano
             ●ormis
             Levine
             Theatro
             .
             
               Mart.
               lib.
               6.
            
             
          
           
             Addit
             .
             Not.
             
          
           
             Called
             also
             
               Calculi
               palamediaci
            
             .
          
           
             Martial
             .
             lib.
             14.
             
          
           
             In
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             unde
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             and
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             
               ta●is
               ludere
            
             .
          
           
             Horace
             lib.
             3.
             
             Od.
             24.
             
             
               Expellere
               pilam
            
             ,
             to
             strike
             the
             ball
             .
             Tesseramilitaris
             ,
             is
             the
             watch-word
             of
             an
             Army
             .
             Frumentaria
             ,
             a
             Ticket
             to
             get
             Corn.
             Nummaria
             ,
             to
             get
             Money
             .
             
               Tessara
               hospitalis
            
             ,
             was
             a
             Token
             ,
             by
             which
             Friends
             and
             their
             Children
             did
             claim
             the
             rights
             of
             Hospitality
             ;
             therefore
             
               Tessaram
               hospitij
               frangere
            
             ,
             is
             to
             break
             the
             Laws
             of
             Hospitality
             .
             Tessera
             is
             also
             a
             Dye
             ,
             and
             Talus
             a
             knuckle-bone
             .
          
           
             Cael.
             Rhodig
             .
             Var.
             Lect.
             
          
           
             Capita
             vel
             navim
             ,
             
               they
               called
            
             cross
             &
             pile
             Lege
             Rosin
             .
             de
             Ludis
             Rom.
             lib.
             5.
             
             Antiq.
             
          
           
             
               Pur●ura
               Megalensis
               Proverb
            
             .
             A
             stately
             Garment
             .
          
           
             Turba
             quidem
             cur
             hos
             celebret
             meretricia
             Ludos
             ,
             non
             ex
             ,
             &c.
             
               Ovid.
               Fast
               .
               lib.
               5.
            
             
          
           
             They
             were
             named
             
               Tarentini
               Ludi
            
             ,
             from
             a
             place
             in
             
               Rome
               .
               Poeanas
               Canere
            
             ,
             is
             to
             sing
             praises
             to
             Apollo
          
           
             called
             Bupetitia
             &
             Boalia
             .
          
           
             
               Vota
               nunc●pare
            
             ,
             or
             facere
             ,
             to
             make
             a
             Vow
             .
          
           
             
               Damnatus
               voto
            
             bound
             to
             the
             performance
             of
             a
             Vow
             .
          
           
             In
             Thensis
             dij
             vehebantur
             .
          
           
             Factiones
             Ruslatae
             ,
             Albatae
             ,
             Venetae
             ,
             &
             Prussinae
             .
          
           
             Virgil.
             lib.
             5.
             
          
           
             Mimical
             ,
             Satyrical
             ,
             Tragical
             ,
             and
             Comical
             ,
             i.
             e.
             Planipedes
             ,
             because
             their
             Feet
             were
             naked
             .
             Attellanae
             ,
             so
             named
             from
             Atella
             ,
             a
             little
             town
             of
             Italy
             ,
             from
             whence
             the
             Satyrical
             Actors
             did
             first
             come
             .
             Praetextatae
             ,
             did
             wear
             a
             Robe
             named
             Praetexta
             .
             They
             were
             called
             Tragaedia
             ,
             because
             the
             Actors
             had
             a
             Goat
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             bestowed
             upon
             them
             in
             regard
             of
             their
             pains
             .
          
           
             
               Of
               them
            
             Plaut
             .
             saith
             ,
             Albo
             Rete
             aliena
             captant
             bona
             .
          
           
             Ovid.
             lib.
             3.
             
             Amor
             Eleg.
             1.
             
          
           
             Named
             
               Trojani
               ludi
            
             ,
             from
             Ascanius
             ,
             who
             brought
             the
             custom
             out
             of
             Troy
             ,
             Virg.
             lib.
             5.
             
             Aeneid
             .
          
           
             Sueton.
             cap.
             39.
             de
             
               Julio
               Caesar
            
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Lusoria
             tela
             emittere
             ,
             or
             ventilare
             ,
             
               to
               jest
               with
               weapons
            
             ;
             Decretorijs
             armis
             ,
             vel
             versis
             armis
             certare
             ,
             
               is
               to
               fight
               in
               earnest
            
             .
             Palma
             Lemniscata
             .
          
           
             Ovid.
             Amor.
             lib.
             2.
             
          
        
         
           Notes for div A42508-e78820
           
             Dion
             .
             lib.
             1.
             
             
               Otho
               Frising
            
             .
             lib.
             2.
             cap.
             3.
             
          
           
             Euseb
             .
             Chron.
             
          
           
             See
             
               Tit.
               Livius
            
             .
             concerning
             the
             beginning
             of
             Rome
             .
          
           
             
               Nutricemque
               Lupam
            
             Romae
             .
             Claudian
             .
             Because
             the
             Children
             
               (
               Romulus
            
             and
             Remus
             )
             did
             suck
             a
             Wolf
             when
             they
             ha●
             been
             cast
             away
             .
          
           
             12
             Vultures
             did
             appear
             to
             the
             Augures
             ,
             when
             they
             were
             making
             their
             Observations
             .
             
               Titus
               Livius
            
             .
          
           
             Ovid.
             l.
             4.
             
             Fast
             .
          
           
             Fundavit
             urbem
             Septicollem
             Romulus
             .
          
           
             
               Ter
               Capitalia
               curru
               ,
               invectus
               Lucan
            
             of
             Pomp.
             Thither
             did
             the
             Conquerors
             ride
             in
             Triumph
             to
             Sacrifice
             to
             Jupiter
             .
          
           
             Vimen
             ,
             a
             twig
             of
             Ozier
             .
          
           
             Basilica
             facinora
             ▪
             
               Royal
               Deeds
            
             .
             Plaut
             in
             Triaum
             .
          
           
             Haec
             est
             a
             Sacris
             quae
             via
             nomen
             habet
             .
             
               Ovid.
               Trist
               .
               l.
               2.
               
               Eleg.
               1.
               
            
          
           
             Patronus
             ,
             signifies
             the
             same
             as
             our
             English
             Lord
             ,
             or
             Hlasurd
             ,
             a
             giver
             of
             Bread
             ▪
             It
             signifies
             also
             an
             Advocate
             .
          
           
             Rosin
             .
             lib.
             1.
             c.
             20
             
               Ad
               pileum
               vocare
            
             ,
             or
             
               vindicta
               liberare
            
             ,
             to
             set
             at
             liberty
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             Prov.
             To
             be
             happy
             and
             successful
             in
             Woing
             .
          
           
             This
             was
             called
             
               spondere
               filiam
            
             ,
             and
             
               stipulari
               .
               unde
               sponsus
               &
               sponsa
               ,
            
             two
             persons
             betrothed
             .
          
           
             Tabulae
             Nuptial●s
             .
          
           
             There
             were
             two
             sorts
             of
             Wives
             in
             
               Rome
               ,
               Mater
               familias
            
             ,
             w●o
             was
             married
             Coemptione
             ,
             and
             Matrona
             ,
             who
             was
             married
             otherwise
             .
          
           
             M●nse
             Majo●
             nubunt
             male
             .
          
           
             Nuptiae
             ,
             from
             Nubo
             ,
             because
             the
             Virgin
             did
             appear
             covered
             with
             a
             yellow
             Vail
             .
          
           
             Coemptione
             .
          
           
             Vis
             ne
             mihi
             esse
             paterfamilias
             ?
             Ans
             .
             Volo
             .
             Vis
             ne
             mihi
             esse
             materfamilias
             ▪
             Ans
             .
             Volo
             .
          
           
             Farreatio
             ,
             or
             Farracia
             .
             Marriage
             :
             Diffarreatio
             ,
             Divorce
             .
          
           
             Plin.
             l.
             21.
             c.
             8.
             
          
           
             Juno
             is
             called
             
               Dea
               Quiris
            
             ,
             or
             curis
             ,
             which
             signifies
             also
             a
             Javeline
             .
          
           
             Some
             say
             that
             Four
             Torches
             were
             carried
             before
             the
             Bride
             ,
             Hence
             is
             
               ducere
               uxorem
            
             .
             To
             Marry
             .
             The
             Torch
             is
             named
             Taeda
             ,
             or
             
               faces
               jugales
            
             ;
             Hence
             the
             marriage
             so
             is
             caled
             
               Unde
               uxor
               ,
               quasi
               unxor
            
             .
          
           
             *
             Called
             Flameum
             Hastoe
             Coelibaris
             
          
           
             Liv.
             lib.
             1.
             
          
           
             They
             did
             Pray
             to
             the
             Gods
             ,
             mentioned
             ,
             lib.
             1.
             cap
             14.
             
          
           
             The
             Water
             and
             Fire
             was
             to
             be
             toucht
             by
             both
             ,
             in
             Plutarch
             .
          
           
             
               Fescennina
               Carmina
            
             ,
             were
             the
             obscene
             Songs
             of
             marriages
             .
             
               Dona
               nuptialia
            
             ,
             are
             also
             Tokens
             sent
             by
             the
             Men
             to
             their
             Sweet-hearts
             .
             The
             Greeks
             had
             also
             their
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             sent
             to
             the
             Bride
             by
             beautiful
             Youths
             .
             
               Alex.
               ab
               Alex.
               lib.
            
             2.
             cap.
             5.
             
          
           
             When
             all
             the
             Marriage
             Ceremonies
             were
             not
             performed
             ,
             the
             Marriage
             was
             stiled
             
               Nuptiae
               innuptiae
               ●otem
               dicebat
            
             ,
             or
             promittebar
             .
          
           
             The
             natural
             union
             may
             be
             discontinued
             ,
             but
             never
             dissolved
             but
             by
             Death
             .
          
           
             Divorcium
             vel
             repudium
             mittere
             ,
             or
             renunciare
             ,
             or
             mittere
             nunci
             um
             
               to
               divorce
            
             .
          
           
             Macrob.
             l.
             1.
             c.
             3.
             
          
           
             Tacit.
             l.
             11.
             Annal
             
          
           
             They
             did
             annoint
             the
             body
             with
             Honey
             ,
             &
             melted
             Wax
             .
             
               Cael.
               Rhodig
               .
               lib.
            
             23.
             cap.
             27
             This
             is
             called
             
               collocatio
               corporis
            
             .
          
           
             They
             who
             had
             care
             to
             provide
             for
             the
             Funerals
             ,
             were
             call'd
             Libitinarij
             ,
             because
             they
             did
             belong
             to
             the
             Temple
             of
             
               Venus
               Libitina
            
             ,
             where
             the
             urns
             of
             the
             dead
             were
             placed
             .
          
           
             Poly.
             6.
             lib.
             6.
             
          
           
             
               Justa
               pers●lv●re
               parentibus
            
             ,
             is
             to
             perform
             Funeral
             Rights
             to
             Parents
             .
             Funerals
             .
             
               Exequiae
               a
               sequendo
            
             .
          
           
             *
             Att●ati
             .
          
           
             the
             Pi●●
             ,
             is
             called
             Pyra
             ;
             when
             it
             burns
             ,
             it
             is
             named
             Rogus
             ,
             afterwards
             bustum
             This
             Pyra
             was
             erected
             
               in
               modum
               Arae
            
             ,
             of
             all
             manner
             of
             sweet
             wood
             .
             Rosin
             .
          
           
             This
             piece
             of
             Money
             is
             called
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ;
             Hence
             the
             Proverb
             ,
             
               expediri
               Danacem
            
             ,
             to
             prepare
             to
             die
             .
          
           
             *
             Bustuarij
             .
             Alterum
             peden
             in
             Charontis
             Cy●ba
             habet
             .
             
               He
               is
               near
               death
            
             .
          
           
             Mulieres
             Genas
             radunto
             ,
             neve
             lessum
             funeris
             ergo
             habento
             .
             Lessus
             ,
             
               is
               excess
               of
               grief
               and
               lamentation
               .
            
             Virg.
             l.
             6.
             
             Aen.
             
          
           
             Coena
             funebris
             silicernium
             dicitur
             .
          
           
             Parentatio
             ,
             is
             the
             Honor
             rendred
             to
             the
             deceased
             .
          
           
             When
             these
             ceremonies
             were
             omitted
             ,
             the
             burying
             was
             named
             
               Sepultura
               insepulta
            
             .
          
           
             Ovid.
             Met.
             lib.
             9.
             
          
           
             Rosin
             .
          
           
             Justin.
             l.
             2.
             c.
             ●
             .
             Pellibus
             &
             ●●xis
             arcont
             mal●
             frigo●a
             brach●s
             .
             
               Ovid.
               Thrist
               lib.
               3.
               
               Eleg.
               10.
               
            
          
           
             A
             difficult
             business
             .
          
           
             Therefore
             
               ad
               saga
               ire
            
             ,
             is
             go
             to
             war.
             
          
           
             
               Mulier
               Togata
            
             ,
             a
             Whore.
             
          
           
             It
             was
             of
             a
             perfect
             white
             ,
             therefore
             named
             pura
             ,
             it
             was
             a
             badge
             of
             liberty
             ,
             therefore
             called
             libera
             .
          
           
             
               Dion
               .
               Halicar
            
             .
             lib.
             7.
             
          
           
             Sueton.
             in
             Tyber
             .
             
               cap.
               15.
            
             
          
           
             *
             annus
             tyrocinij
             
          
           
             C.
             Tacit.
             lib.
             3.
             Annal.
             
          
           
             lib.
             9.
             cap.
             12.
             
          
           
             Hence
             it
             is
             that
             pullati
             signifies
             sometimes
             the
             poor
             ▪
             and
             candidati
             ,
             the
             rich
             .
          
           
             None
             was
             admitted
             amongst
             the
             competitors
             but
             such
             as
             were
             judged
             worthy
             ,
             by
             the
             Magistrate
             who
             did
             govern
             in
             the
             Assembly
             .
          
           
             *
             that
             is
             nomeaclatio
          
           
             Cedant
             arma
             Togae
             .
          
           
             or
             
               angustus
               ●la●us
            
             .
             Hence
             they
             were
             named
             angusticlavij
             .
             It
             was
             called
             ●●cta
             .
          
           
             Called
             pall●um
             ,
             or
             palla
             ,
             quia
             palam
             gestabatur
             .
             Rosin
             .
          
           
             *
             It
             was
             named
             cestus
             ,
             from
             hence
             is
             incestus
             .
          
           
             *
             or
             Calaentica
             .
          
           
             *
             call'd
             in
             Greek
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             *
             called
             crinalis
             .
             Ipsa
             caput
             distiaguit
             acu
             .
             Claud.
             Cincinnatus
             &
             calamistratus
             homo
             ,
             
               was
               a
               reproach
               amongst
               the
            
             Romans
             .
          
           
             From
             hence
             is
             Flammearij
             ,
             such
             as
             did
             make
             this
             attire
             
               Nubentes
               flammeo
               velabantur
            
             .
          
           
             
               Sacri
               calcei
            
             were
             worn
             only
             by
             Priests
             .
          
           
             Jentaculum
             is
             a
             Breakfast
             ,
             prandium
             a
             Dinner
             taken
             about
             Noon
             .
             Merenda
             a
             Beaver
             ,
             coena
             a
             Supper
             in
             the
             evening
             ,
             commessatio
             is
             properly
             a
             drinking
             after
             Supper
             ,
             which
             was
             much
             used
             in
             Rome
             .
          
           
             The
             Men
             did
             eat
             but
             once
             in
             a
             day
             at
             Supper
             seldom
             twice
             ,
             but
             not
             more
             :
             Children
             and
             Women
             did
             eat
             three
             times
             .
          
           
             *
             It
             was
             as
             near
             the
             top
             of
             the
             House
             ,
             as
             the
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             of
             the
             Jews
             .
          
           
             *
             Penulam
             mihi
             scidit
             .
          
           
             *
             
               Tangere
               vestem
            
             is
             ,
             to
             not
             make
             a
             man
             welcom
             .
          
           
             
               The
               middle
               was
               the
               place
               of
               Honour
               .
            
             E●
             ce●sus
             medio
             conspectus
             in
             agmine
             
               Caesar
               .
               Lucan
               .
               lib.
               1.
               
            
             Accumbebat
             uxor
             in
             gremio
             mariti
             .
          
           
             Hungry
             fellows
             who
             were
             nimble
             at
             their
             meat
             ,
             were
             said
             to
             have
             
               calceatos
               dentes
               D●mpst
            
             .
          
           
             Cella
             ,
             the
             Buttery
             ;
             
               a
               cellandis
               rabus
            
             ,
             was
             joyning
             to
             the
             T●iclinium
             .
          
           
             Seneca
             .
          
           
             Propert.
             lib.
             3.
             
             Eleg.
             8.
             
          
           
             Quia
             dabatu●
             ante
             mulsum
             antiqui
             non
             nisi
             mulso
             primam
             fitim
             sedabant
             .
             
               Rosin
               .
               lib.
               5.
               cap.
               29.
               
            
          
           
             *
             From
             hence
             is
             the
             Proverb
             
               ab
               ovo
               ad
               mala
            
             ,
             from
             the
             beginning
             to
             the
             end
             
          
           
             they
             did
             blame
             Luxury
             &
             Gluttony
             ;
             the
             gluttons
             were
             sirnamed
             Asini
             .
          
           
             Phaenicopter
             mentioned
             by
             Sueton
             ;
             are
             called
             by
             our
             English
             in
             Tangier
             ,
             Bee-eaters
             ,
             they
             do
             come
             every
             Spring
             in
             pursuance
             of
             the
             Bees
             to
             devour
             them
             .
          
           
             *
             Mercurij
             sors
             vocabatur
             .
          
           
             Sportula
             ,
             was
             a
             Basket
             out
             of
             which
             Meat
             was
             given
             to
             the
             People
             :
             It
             is
             taken
             for
             an
             imperfect
             Meal
             ,
             whereas
             
               coena
               recta
            
             was
             perfect
             Supper
             ;
             as
             also
             
               coena
               dubia
            
             ,
             in
             which
             there
             were
             so
             many
             Dishes
             ,
             that
             the
             Guests
             did
             scarce
             know
             of
             which
             to
             choose
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
          
           
             Scordisci
             in
             ostibus
             capitum
             humanorum
             bibebant
             avidius
             .
             
               Amm.
               Marcel
            
             .
          
           
             Rosin
             .
             Dicitur
             opinianum
             Vinum
             quia
             opimius
             Consul
             morem
             illum
             induxit
             .
             
               Tibul.
               l.
               2.
               
               El.
               1
            
          
           
             See
             
               Rosin
               .
               lib.
            
             5.
             
          
           
             It
             is
             a
             kind
             of
             Frontiniack
             .
          
           
             Sophocl
             .
          
           
             Comitia
             a
             coeund●
             .
          
           
             Calo
             ,
             signifies
             to
             call
             .
          
           
             
               Velitis
               ,
               Jubeati
               ▪
               ne
               Quirites
               ,
            
             &c.
             
             Is
             it
             your
             pleasure
             Romans
             ,
             that
             such
             a
             Law
             ,
             should
             be
             made
             ,
             were
             the
             words
             used
             in
             the
             
               Rogatio
               l●gis
            
             .
          
           
             Legis
             promul●atio
             dicitur
             ▪
             
          
           
             *
             
               That
               is
            
             ,
             de
             Coe●●
             observatio
             ,
             or
             Spectio
             .
             
               This
               is
               ●alled
            
             Nu●●iatio
             ferre
             legem
             ,
             figere
             legem
             .
          
           
             
               Praerogativ●
               curia
            
             ,
             or
             Tribus
             ,
             was
             that
             whose
             name
             came
             out
             first
             .
             It
             is
             called
             
               Mo●bus
               Comitialis
            
             from
             hence
             
          
           
             They
             did
             make
             a
             prick
             at
             every
             vote
             when
             they
             did
             number
             them
             ,
             therefore
             
               Publicum
               punctum
            
             ,
             is
             taken
             for
             
               Suffragium
               .
               Classici
               voca●antur
            
             ;
             From
             hence
             are
             the
             divisions
             of
             Schollars
             in
             the
             Schools
             ,
             named
             Classes
             ,
             and
             the
             Authors
             read
             by
             them
             ,
             are
             called
             
               Classici
               Authores
               .
               Proletari●
            
             .
          
           
             
               Centurionum
               vitis
            
             ,
             was
             the
             Centurions
             staff
             ,
             or
             Rod
             of
             command
             .
          
           
             Rosinus
             .
          
           
             See
             this
             examined
             by
             
               du
               Haill●●
            
             .
             in
             the
             beginning
             of
             his
             Hist
             .
             of
             France
             .
          
           
             Appian
             .
          
           
             
               Perduellionis
               reus
            
             ,
             is
             one
             guilty
             of
             Treason
             .
          
           
             
               Mars
               augusta
               sui
               renovat
               suffragia
               campi
               .
            
             Claud.
             In
             this
             place
             were
             several
             enclosures
             ,
             named
             septa
             ,
             or
             ovilia
             ,
             to
             separate
             the
             Tribes
             and
             Classes
             .
          
           
             Et
             miserae
             macul●vit
             ovilia
             Romae
             .
             Lucan
             .
          
           
             P●oefect
             is
             vel
             tribun
             is
             Celerum
             
          
           
             
               Fasces
               deponere
            
             ,
             to
             lay
             down
             a
             command
             .
             
               Fascihus
               abrogatis
            
             ,
             the
             authority
             being
             taken
             away
             .
          
           
             Plutarch
             .
             in
             vit
             .
             Romul
             .
          
           
             
               T.
               Livius
            
             ,
             lib.
             1.
             
             Dion
             .
             lib.
             1.
             
          
           
             Patres
             vel
             Senatores
             vocabantur
             ob
             ●tatem
             .
          
           
             ●ionys
             .
             lib.
             2.
             
          
           
             
               Allecti
               velpeharij
               Senato●es
            
             ,
             were
             mean
             and
             poor
             Senators
             .
          
           
             Plutarch
             in
             vit
             Pyrrlu
             .
          
           
             They
             did
             say
             ▪
             
               hoc
               bene
               sit
            
             .
          
           
             Sneton
             ,
             cap.
             58.
             in
             Aug.
             
          
           
             Polyb.
             1.
             6●
             
          
           
             
               Referrem
               ad
               Senatum
               .
            
             
               
                 Illi
                 Senatus
                 datur
              
               ,
               He
               is
               heard
               in
               the
               Senate
               .
            
          
           
             Consulas
             .
          
           
             Scipio
             Afric
             .
             Pomp
             &
             caesar
             ,
             
               were
               chosen
               young
            
             .
          
           
             
               Viri
               Consulares
            
             ,
             Men
             who
             had
             been
             Consuls
             .
             Polyb.
             lib.
             6.
             
             Cicero
             lib.
             3.
             
               de
               legib
            
             .
          
           
             Censor
             .
          
           
             Agell
             .
             l.
             4.
             c.
             12.
             
          
           
             
               
                 Virgula
                 Censoria
              
               was
               the
               Censors
               Rod.
               
            
             
               
                 Lustrum
                 ,
                 a
                 Lustrando
                 populum
              
               ,
               was
               every
               five
               years
               .
            
          
           
             
               Senatu
               m●ver●
               aliquem
            
             ,
             to
             banish
             or
             cast
             one
             out
             of
             the
             Senate
             .
          
           
             Cato
             ,
             was
             a
             very
             severe
             and
             notable
             Censor
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Praetor
                 Cerialis
              
               ,
               was
               to
               provide
               Corn.
               
            
             
               
                 Praetor
                 Tutelaris
              
               to
               command
               the
               Watch
               ,
               and
               to
               provide
               for
               the
               safety
               of
               the
               City
               in
               the
               night
               .
            
             
               
                 Praetores
                 fidei
                 commissarij
              
               ,
               were
               to
               judge
               of
               causes
               concerning
               Feofments
               in
               trust
               .
               
                 Praetores
                 quesitores
              
               ,
               or
               
                 Quaesitores
                 parricidij
              
               were
               criminal
               Judges
               ,
               such
               as
               are
               the
               Provosts
               in
               France
               .
            
          
           
             
               
                 Addicu●t
                 aves
              
               When
               there
               is
               a
               happy
               
                 omen
                 .
                 Addicere
                 bona
              
               ,
               is
               to
               deliver
               up
               the
               goods
               of
               any
               man.
               
            
             
               Addictus
               ,
               
                 i.
                 e.
              
               damnatus
               .
            
          
           
             Principes
             〈◊〉
             ventutis
             .
          
           
             Prafectus
             urbis
             ,
             Sueton.
             in
             Augusto
             .
             
               Dio.
               l.
               52.
            
             
          
           
             At
             every
             mile
             ,
             there
             was
             a
             Stone
             fixed
             in
             the
             ground
             ;
             therefore
             100
             miles
             is
             named
             100
             lapides
             .
          
           
             T.
             Livius
             .
          
           
             Tacit.
             lib.
             6.
             
          
           
             Agell
             .
             l.
             19.
             
          
           
             Interrex
             .
          
           
             Dionys
             .
             lib.
             2.
             
             Interreges
             animo
             erant
             decem
             oonstituti
             ex
             decurijs
             Senatus
             unusquisque
             eorum
             insania
             habeha●
             5
             dies
             itaque
             vocabatur
             magistratus
             quinqueduarius
             .
             
               Rosin
               .
               lib.
               7.
            
             
          
           
             Flor.
             Eutro
             ●i
             .
          
           
             Dio●ys
             .
             lib.
             5.
             
          
           
             Decemviri
             .
          
           
             Tribuni
             mil●tum
             .
          
           
             Triumviri
             .
          
           
             Tacit.
             l.
             5.
             
             Annal.
             
          
           
             Triumviratus
             ,
             alone
             ,
             signifies
             this
             bloody
             Government
             of
             
               Aug.
               Ant.
            
             and
             Lepid.
             
          
           
             Liv.
             l.
             7.
             
          
           
             Tribuni
             plebis
             .
          
           
             *
             Inter●●dere
             .
          
           
             Macrob.
             lib.
             
             4
             ●aturn
             .
          
           
             Asella
             curuli
             qua
             vehehantur
             .
          
           
             They
             were
             named
             also
             
               Praefecti
               annonae
            
             .
          
           
             
               Pensabam
               pharium
            
             
               Getulis
               messibns
               annum
               ,
               
                 i.
                 e.
              
               annouam
               .
            
             
               
                 Africa
                 ,
                 Egypt
              
               ,
               and
               Gallia
               ,
               did
               send
               to
               Rome
               Corn
               every
               year
               as
               Tribute
               to
               be
               divided
               amongst
               the
               People
               .
            
          
           
             Praefecti
             aerarij
             ,
             Aerarium
             Gaza
             nominabatur
             .
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             Custos
             .
             gazae
             .
          
           
             
               Duplex
               aerarium
               in
               Roma
               vulgare
               &
               sacrum
               vel
               sanctius
               quod
               a
               Caesare
               ablatum
               ●uit
               .
            
             
               Prafectus
               praetorio
               .
            
             
               Wolfgang
               ▪
               Laz.
               Comment
               .
               reip
               .
               Rom.
               l.
               1.
               
            
          
           
             *
             Cohors
             praetoria
             .
          
           
             Advocatus
             sisci
             
          
           
             Aer●rium
             ,
             is
             a
             Treasury
             for
             publick
             Mony
             ,
             Fiscus
             ,
             was
             the
             treasury
             for
             the
             Emperors
             private
             expense
             .
          
           
             Pro-consul
             ,
             was
             either
             a
             Governour
             of
             a
             ●rovince
             ,
             or
             a
             Consul
             ,
             whose
             Commission
             was
             continued
             to
             him
             beyond
             the
             year
             ;
             Or
             a
             Lieutenant
             of
             a
             Consul
             ,
             who
             did
             lead
             for
             him
             his
             Army
             .
          
           
             Dion
             .
             l.
             35.
             
          
           
             *
             Camparar●
             Provincias
             ▪
             
          
           
             *
             This
             word
             signifies
             an
             Embassador
             ,
             a
             Lieutenant
             ,
             of
             a
             General
             :
             or
             of
             a
             Propraet●r
             ,
             or
             of
             a
             Proconsul
             .
          
           
             Idvocabatur
             sortiri
             Provincias
             .
          
           
             
               Agell
               .
               l.
            
             15.
             c.
             4.
             
             Their
             Notaries
             were
             persons
             of
             the
             greatest
             eminency
             .
          
           
             *
             Potestas
             vitae
             &
             neck
             vocabatur
             .
          
           
             
               4
               sorts
               ,
               
                 testamentarius
                 ,
                 legitimus
                 ,
                 Da●●v●●
                 vel
                 ●iduciari●s
                 ▪
              
               and
               honorari●s
               ;
               The
               last
               was
               such
               as
               are
               appointed
               Overseers
               ,
               to
               see
               the
               Will
               of
               the
               deceased
               performed
               .
            
             
               Si
               injuriam
               alteri
               faxit
               aeri●
               poena
               sunto
               .
            
          
           
             Si
             membrum
             rapserit
             e
             pact●
             talio
             est●
             .
          
           
             There
             was
             3
             kind
             of
             Tithes
             
          
           
             
               
                 frumentum
                 aestimatum
              
               ,
               raised
               by
               a
               Tax
               for
               the
               Deputy
               of
               the
               Province
               .
            
             
               
                 Frumentum
                 imperatum
              
               ,
               was
               Corn
               exacted
               from
               the
               Province
               for
               the
               Army
               ;
               and
               
                 frumentum
                 decumanum
              
               ,
               the
               ordinary
               ●enths
            
          
           
             
               The
               whole
               Estate
               is
               named
               As
               by
               the
               Lawyers
               .
            
             
               
                 In
                 totum
                 assen
                 institutus
                 haeres
              
               is
               an
               Heir
               to
               the
               whole
               Estate
               .
            
             
               
                 Ex
                 lato
                 Asse
              
               ,
               is
               but
               to
               apart
               .
            
          
           
             
               Postulare
               aliquem
               decrimine
            
             ,
             is
             to
             accuse
             one
             of
             a
             crime
             .
          
           
             Promittebat
             vadimonium
             .
          
           
             *
             Calumniam
             dejurare
             .
          
           
             *
             Lite
             vel
             caus●
             cadebat
             .
          
           
             *
             Edictum
             peremptorium
             .
          
           
             *
             Sortitio
             Judicum
             .
          
           
             *
             Rejicere
             judices
             .
          
           
             Ampliatio
             ,
             is
             a
             Reprieve
             .
          
           
             M.
             S.
             is
             the
             Character
             for
             Sestertius
             ,
             or
             L.
             L.
             S.
             
          
           
             They
             were
             fined
             by
             the
             loss
             of
             their
             Sheep
             and
             Oxen.
             
          
           
             Lata
             fuga
             vel
             deportatio
             vocabaturr
             .
          
           
             ✚
             Sùpplicium
             more
             majorum
             vocabatus
             .
          
           
             Servile
             supplicium
             .
          
           
             Vocabatur
             patibulum
             .
          
           
             Ergastulum
             ,
             is
             a
             Prison
             for
             Slaves
             and
             Fencers
             .
          
           
             
               I●gn●m
               tortorium
               vel
               Stipes
               ●oxialis
               .
            
             
               Fidicula
               ,
               was
               an
               Engine
               like
               unto
               this
               with
               strings
               ,
               to
               torture
               every
               joint
            
          
           
             Restari●
             nom●nabantur
             .
          
           
             Pedes
             annulatos
             habebant
             &
             saepe
             inscriptiones
             infronte
             .
          
           
             *
             
               
                 In
                 Antliam
                 damnari
              
               ,
               is
               ,
               to
               be
               condemned
               to
               be
               a
               drawer
               of
               water
               .
            
             
               Pistrinum
               ,
               is
               a
               Hand-Mill
               .
            
          
           
             Tit.
             Liv.
             l.
             1.
             
          
           
             Polyb.
             l.
             3.
             
          
           
             Rosin
             .
          
           
             *
             Jurare
             per
             Jove●
             vocababatur
             .
          
           
             
               Mercri
               sub
               aliquo
            
             ,
             to
             serve
             in
             War
             unde●
             a
             Commander
             .
          
           
             
               Miles
               e
               meritus
            
             ,
             a
             Soldier
             who
             had
             served
             his
             time
             in
             War.
             
          
           
             Sine
             Sacramento
             non
             licebat
             pugnare
             cum
             hoste
             .
          
           
             Claud.
             
          
           
             Milites
             subitari●
             or
             per
             conjurdtionem
             .
          
           
             From
             Centum
             ,
             they
             are
             named
             Centuriae
             .
          
           
             Decurio
             ,
             a
             commander
             of
             such
             a
             number
             of
             Horse
             men
             .
          
           
             
               Primum
               pilum
            
             ,
             is
             the
             first
             Century
             .
          
           
             
               Accensi
               milites
            
             ,
             were
             supernumerary
             Soldiers
             who
             did
             wait
             upon
             the
             Officers
             .
          
           
             
               Cornicularij
               ,
               were
               the
               Deputies
               of
               the
               Tribunes
               ,
               ordered
               to
               go
               the
               Rounds
               for
               them
               in
               the
               night
               .
            
             
               Ferentarij
               ,
               were
               Soldiers
               ,
               who
               did
               fight
               a
               far
               off
               as
               the
               Slingers
               .
               
                 Duplicarij
                 milites
              
               ,
               did
               deserve
               a
               double
               portion
               of
               Victuals
               .
               Volones
               ,
               were
               voluntary
               Soldiers
               .
            
             
               Signifer
               ,
               the
               Ensign-bearer
               .
               Aquilifer
               ,
               the
               Eagle-bearer
               .
               Tesserarij
               ,
               the
               bearers
               of
               the
               Watch-word
               .
               Metatores
               ,
               they
               who
               did
               appoint
               the
               places
               to
               Encamp
               .
               
                 Calones
                 &
                 lixae
              
               ,
               are
               the
               Soldiers
               servants
               ,
               such
               as
               are
               call'd
               in
               the
               French
               Armie
               Goujars
               .
               They
               did
               prepare
               wood
               &
               water
               ,
               and
               did
               wait
               upon
               the
               Soldiers
               .
            
          
           
             Castrametari
             .
          
           
             Ad
             Triarois
             ventum
             est
             .
          
           
             Orbis
             vel
             Globus
             vocabatur
             .
          
           
             The
             Banner
             was
             called
             Bandum
             ,
             or
             Vexillum
             .
          
           
             
               Manipulus
               militum
            
             ,
             a
             small
             Company
             of
             Soldiers
             .
          
           
             *
             From
             hence
             comes
             Intervallum
             ,
             a
             space
             between
             the
             stakes
             or
             an
             interval
             of
             place
             or
             of
             me
             .
          
           
             Loricae
             ,
             were
             the
             Breast-works
             .
          
           
             *
             Or
             Catapulta
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Quia
                 captivi
                 coronati
                 solebant
                 venire
              
               ,
               Agel
               .
               l.
               7.
               cap.
               4.
               
            
             
               vel
               quia
               Corona
               militum
               circumstabat
               .
            
          
           
             Some
             Municipia
             were
             
               cum
               Suffragio
            
             ,
             they
             did
             send
             to
             the
             election
             of
             the
             Roman
             Magistrates
             
          
           
             
               These
               are
               the
               noted
               Weapons
               used
               in
               the
               war.
               Verutum
               ,
               a
               kind
               of
               a
               sharp
               bar●
               of
               Iron
               .
            
             
               
                 Ora●ducis
                 suffixa
                 veruto
              
               ,
               Sil.
               Ital.
               lib.
               17.
               
            
             
               Hasta
               ,
               a
               Javelin
               ,
               was
               a
               weapon
               of
               many
               Nations
               .
            
             
               Pilum
               ,
               a
               Dart
               ,
               was
               only
               used
               by
               the
               
                 Romans
                 ,
                 Phalarica
              
               ,
               was
               a
               Spanish
               Dart
               ,
               described
               by
               
                 Livius
                 ,
                 lib.
              
               1.
               
               Soliferrea
               ,
               was
               another
               kind
               of
               Dart
               of
               the
               
                 Spaniards
                 .
                 Ges●m
              
               ,
               was
               a
               Dart
               of
               the
               Gauls
               .
            
             
               —
               
                 Gallia
                 —
                 binaque
                 gesatenens
                 animoso
                 pectore
                 fatur
                 .
              
               Claud.
               Lancea
               ,
               was
               a
               Lance
               like
               unto
               a
               Half-Pike
               .
               Sparus
               ,
               or
               sparum
               ,
               was
               a
               Countrimans
               weapon
               .
            
             
               Ag●estisque
               m●●us
               armat
               Sparus
               ,
               Virgil.
               
            
          
           
             
               Falces
               ,
               were
               commonly
               used
               in
               War
               by
               the
               Eastern
               People
               about
               their
               Chariots
               ,
               that
               were
               armed
               with
               Sickles
               round
               about
               .
               Framea
               ,
               was
               another
               kind
               of
               Dart.
               Romphaea
               ,
               is
               taken
               either
               for
               a
               Dart
               ,
               or
               a
               Sword.
               
            
             
               The
               Gladius
               ,
               or
               Sword
               was
               the
               most
               Honourable
               weapon
               ;
               therefore
               it
               was
               given
               to
               the
               Emperors
               &
               Generals
               as
               a
               mark
               of
               Power
               ,
               and
               of
               Authority
               .
            
             
               Sarissa
               ,
               was
               a
               Javeline
               of
               the
               
                 Macedonians
                 .
                 Pugio
              
               ,
               a
               short
               Dagger
               .
               Contus
               ,
               was
               another
               kind
               of
               Dart
               or
               Javeline
               longer
               than
               the
               former
               .
               
                 Fer●atasque
                 sudes
                 &
                 acuta
                 cuspide
                 contos
                 expediunt
                 ,
              
               Virgil.
               lib.
               5.
               
               Aeneid
               .
               Sagaris
               ,
               was
               a
               weapon
               of
               the
               Scythians
               like
               unto
               our
               Javelines
               .
               Sica
               ,
               was
               a
               sh●rt
               Sword
               used
               by
               Theeves
               .
               Acinax
               ,
               was
               like
               the
               Cimiter
               of
               the
               Turks
               ,
               and
               carryed
               by
               the
               
                 Medes
                 &
                 Persians
              
               in
               the
               Warr.
               Sudes
               .
               were
               Sticks
               hardned
               in
               the
               Flame
               ,
               and
               sharp
               at
               the
               end
               .
               
                 Misc●bant
                 usta
                 praelia
                 nuda
                 sude
                 .
                 propert
                 .
              
               They
               had
               many
               names
               for
               their
               Bucklers
               and
               their
               defensive
               Weapons
               .
               Clypeus
               and
               Parma
               ,
               were
               the
               common
               ;
               the
               first
               was
               large
               ,
               the
               second
               was
               but
               little
               .
               Cetra
               ,
               was
               the
               Buckler
               of
               the
               Africans
               ;
               and
               Pelta
               was
               a
               short
               and
               little
               Buckler
               of
               the
               Amazons
               .
               There
               were
               many
               more
               Weapons
               both
               Defensive
               and
               Offensive
               in
               use
               amongst
               the
               Eastern
               People
               ;
               but
               these
               are
               the
               names
               of
               the
               ordinary
               Arms.
               
            
          
           
             Dimissio
             ignominiosa
             .
          
           
             Fustuarium
             mereri
             .
          
           
             Obsidi●nalis
             coro●a
             .
          
           
             
               Herbam
               po●rigere
            
             ,
             is
             to
             acknowledge
             the
             victory
             .
          
           
             Muralis
             corona
             .
          
           
             Corona
             navalis
             .
          
           
             Soepe
             duces
             mentis
             bello
             tribuere
             coronas
             ,
             Hunc
             cingit
             muralis
             honos
             hunc
             civica
             quercus
             ,
             nexuit
             ,
             hunc
             domit
             is
             ambit
             ●ostrata
             carinis
             .
          
           
             
               Decernere
               sup●licationes
            
             ,
             or
             triumphum
             ,
             to
             appoint
             these
             Processions
             ,
             or
             the
             triumph
             of
             a
             Conqueror
             .
          
           
             
               Corona
               Triumphalis
               .
            
             
               Ite
               Triumphales
               circum
               mea
               tempora
               lauri
               .
            
             
               Ovid.
               l.
               2.
               Amor
            
          
           
             
               The
               Conquerour
               was
               to
               offer
               his
               Crown
               and
               his
               Lawrel
               to
               Jupiter
               .
               Rosin
               .
            
             
               Dabit
               ille
               Coronam
               Ingraemio
               Jovis
               excisi
               depone●e
               poenis
               .
            
          
           
             Ibant
             ante
             duces
             onerati
             colla
             catenis
             .
          
           
             Quatuor
             in
             niveis
             aureus
             ibis
             equis
             .
             Ovid
             ,
             i.
             e.
             Triumphabis
             .
          
           
             The
             Bull
             was
             to
             be
             White
             .
          
           
             *
             Vocabantur
             fornices
             .
          
           
             *
             Capitolinae
             dapes
             vocabantur
             .
          
           
             Martial
             .
             lib.
             12.
          
        
         
           Notes for div A42508-e95810
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             
               quia
               inseritur
               ornatus
               gratia
            
             :
             It
             is
             composed
             of
             a
             Picture
             ,
             &
             of
             a
             Motio
             .
          
           
             
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               is
               an
               obscure
               Sentence
               representing
               things
               by
               Metaphors
               and
               Signs
               .
            
             
               It
               is
               derived
               from
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               &
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               because
               this
               kind
               of
               Writing
               was
               proper
               to
               holy
               things
               ,
               and
               holy
               persons
               ,
               only
               the
               Priests
               of
               Egypt
               did
               express
               the
               Mysteries
               of
               Nature
               ,
               and
               of
               their
               Gods
               with
               Hyerogliphicks
               .
            
          
           
             Jupiter
             est
             quodcunque
             vides
             .
          
           
             Coel.
             Rhodigin
             .
          
           
             
               Quisquis
               habet
               nummos
               secura
               navigat
               aura
               fortunamque
               suo
               temperet
               arbitri●
               O
               cives
               cives
               quaerenda
               pecunia
               primum
               est
               .
               Virtus
               post
               nummos
               :
            
             
               Haec
               Janus
               ab
               imo
               perdocet
               :
               haec
               retinunt
               Juvenes
               dictata
               senesque
               .
               
                 Horat.
                 lib.
                 1.
                 
                 Ep.
                 1.
                 
              
            
          
           
             Plutarch
             .
             in
             Isid
             .
             &
             Osirid
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Hom.
             
          
           
             therefore
             called
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             a
             kind
             of
             Ape
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Galen
             .
          
           
             Jer.
             1.
             14.
             4.
             6.
             
             &c.
             
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ;
             Dost
             seek
             the
             paths
             of
             a
             Lyon.
             Prov.
             
          
           
             When
             it
             is
             in
             its
             full
             it
             ripens
             the
             Fruits
             of
             the
             earth
             ,
             therefore
             it
             had
             an
             ear
             of
             Gorn
             in
             one
             hand
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             a
             ●imorous
             man
             Prov.
             
          
           
             Apollon
             .
             lib4
             ▪
             
          
           
             
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               .
               Prov.
               
            
             
               To
               live
               like
               a
               Fool.
               
            
          
           
             Lupus
             ante
             clamorem
             festinat
             .
             Prov.
             
          
           
             Lib.
             8.
             cap.
             30.
             
          
           
             
               Asinus
               Egyptius
            
             Prov.
             A
             great
             Dunce
             
          
           
             
               Crocodili
               lacrymae
            
             ,
             are
             deceiptful
             tears
             .
             ▪
             
          
           
             Leonem
             ●arva
             territas
             .
             Prov.
             
          
           
             
               Talpa
               Caecior
               .
               Prov.
               
            
             
               Blinder
               than
               a
               Mole
               .
            
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Ho●
             .
          
           
             〈◊〉
             i●
             n●bibus
             .
             Prov.
             
          
           
             Noctua
             volat
             .
             Prov.
             
          
           
             Plin.
             l.
             c.
             2.
             21.
             
          
           
             Plin.
             l.
             2.
             c.
             21
          
           
             See
             the
             History
             of
             Bees
             ,
             By
             
               Charl●s
               Butler
            
             .
          
           
             Aelian
             .
          
           
             
               Delphinum
               natare
               doces
            
             .
             Prov.
             Thou
             teachest
             thy
             Master
             .
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             Pindar
             .
          
           
             Joseph
             .
             l.
             7.
             c.
             24
             
          
           
             Plin.
             lib.
             2.
             
          
           
             Stat.
             lib.
             1.
             
          
           
             Lib.
             2.
             
          
           
             Aelian
             .
             lib.
             4.
             cap.
             42.
             
          
           
             Plutarch
             .
          
           
             Gesner
             .
          
           
             Aelian
             .