Distant Reader - subject-printers-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 3 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 20,859 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 6,953 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 86. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

man, books, made, now, law, one, prisoner, mr, will, printing, men, anderton, matter, tcp, might, may, evidence, text, treason, time, english, without, yet, jury, court, shall, two, stephens, life, things, thing, england, much, make, great, eebo, though, came, early, never, printed, say, case, ill, must, therefore, whether, first, last, proved

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are An appeal of murther from certain unjust judges, lately sitting at the Old Baily to the righteous judge of heaven and earth; and to all sensible English-men, containing a relation of the tryal, behaviour, and death of Mr. William Anderton, executed June 16. 1693. at Tyburn, for pretended high treason., True copy of the paper delivered to the sheriffs of London and Middlesex by Mr. William Anderton at the place of execution, which he designed there to have spoken, but being frequently interrupted by the ordinary, Mr. Samuel Smith, desired the said sheriffs to publish or dispose of it as they should think fit, seeing a dying man was not suffered to speak, and To the Honourable House of Commons assembled in Parliament. An abstract of the generall grieuances of the poore free-men and iourney-men printers oppressed and kept in seruile bondage all their liues by the vnlawfull ordinances of the master and wardens of the Company, which they fortifie only by a warrant dormant..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

english books, early english, robin stephens, william anderton, books online, early works, high treason, text creation, creation partnership, page images, dying man, image sets, characters represented, tcp schema, represented either, pray god, made oath, righteous judge, lord chief, two witnesses, will never, sweet jesus, think fit, deliver us, chief justice, never want, private mark, may never, warrant dormant, three years, first offence, books laid, old baily, french conquest, two books, without asking, print record, known extent, stephens made, french conquests, within braces, language title, one man, providing financial, data within, sets published, humble petition, using tcp, great deal, notably latin

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are To the Honourable House of Commons assembled in Parliament. An abstract of the generall grieuances of the poore free-men and iourney-men printers oppressed and kept in seruile bondage all their liues by the vnlawfull ordinances of the master and wardens of the Company, which they fortifie only by a warrant dormant. An appeal of murther from certain unjust judges, lately sitting at the Old Baily to the righteous judge of heaven and earth; and to all sensible English-men, containing a relation of the tryal, behaviour, and death of Mr. William Anderton, executed June 16. 1693. at Tyburn, for pretended high treason., and True copy of the paper delivered to the sheriffs of London and Middlesex by Mr. William Anderton at the place of execution, which he designed there to have spoken, but being frequently interrupted by the ordinary, Mr. Samuel Smith, desired the said sheriffs to publish or dispose of it as they should think fit, seeing a dying man was not suffered to speak.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, william, prisoner, petitioners, man, law, jury, evidence, court, books, anderton, act

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be man, and True copy of the paper delivered to the sheriffs of London and Middlesex by Mr. William Anderton at the place of execution, which he designed there to have spoken, but being frequently interrupted by the ordinary, Mr. Samuel Smith, desired the said sheriffs to publish or dispose of it as they should think fit, seeing a dying man was not suffered to speak is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

man, matter, evidence, books, time, things, thing, printing, men, jury, text, nothing, works, texts, reason, life, others, case, death, characters, person, part, work, petitioners, xml, words, business, way, image, hath, sheriffs, notice, images, hand, day, use, project, place, page, ordinances, matters, keying, encoding, elements, eebo, edition, data, years, witnesses, request

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

was, be, is, had, were, have, did, made, being, been, are, said, do, make, came, say, proved, taken, put, printed, thought, set, think, find, come, speak, told, give, encoded, done, used, take, see, brought, pray, has, found, read, laid, given, die, according, took, published, offered, known, knew, gave, swear, seen

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

prisoner, law, anderton, mr., tcp, man, stephens, treason, england, court, books, lord, william, english, desk, london, government, god, act, justice, men, text, tei, robin, judg, eebo, printer, judge, printers, petitioner, parliament, oxford, church, tryal, persons, oath, master, king, fact, overt, life, world, trunk, statute, room, proquest, phase, partnership, malice, creation

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

he, his, it, they, him, their, i, them, your, my, me, you, himself, our, her, she, themselves, we, us, its, thy, mine, thee, one, itself, herself

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, other, great, ill, own, last, first, same, good, true, more, many, least, early, several, plain, false, particular, guilty, english, much, present, very, little, fit, whole, sufficient, short, second, old, available, poor, honest, ready, positive, new, hard, general, contrary, unjust, righteous, private, pleased, ordinary, malicious, illegible, honourable, high, greater, few

not, so, now, very, then, only, as, never, up, therefore, there, most, well, more, even, ever, thus, before, all, out, much, in, down, also, too, away, yet, still, particularly, no, early, thereby, perhaps, over, here, further, off, rather, indeed, at, somewhat, positively, plainly, online, often, long, certainly, lately, durst, better

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.