A moral essay concerning the nature and unreasonableness of pride in which the most plausible pretences of this vice are examined, in a conference between Philotimus and Philalethes. Licensed August 17. 1689.
         Collier, Jeremy, 1650-1726.
      
       
         
           1689
        
      
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             A moral essay concerning the nature and unreasonableness of pride in which the most plausible pretences of this vice are examined, in a conference between Philotimus and Philalethes. Licensed August 17. 1689.
             Collier, Jeremy, 1650-1726.
          
           [4], 90, [2] p.
           
             printed for Joseph Hindmarsh, at the Golden Ball in Cornhil,
             London :
             1689.
          
           
             By Jeremy Collier, whose name appears on the title page of the second edition.
             With a final contents leaf.
             Reproduction of the original in the British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Pride and vanity -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           MORAL
           ESSAY
           Concerning
           the
           
             Nature
             and
             Unreasonableness
          
           OF
           PRIDE
           :
           IN
           WHICH
           The
           most
           plausible
           Pretences
           of
           this
           VICE
           are
           examined
           ,
           IN
           A
           CONFERENCE
           BETWEEN
           Philotimus
           and
           Philalethes
           .
        
         
           Licensed
           August
           17.
           1689.
           
        
         
           London
           :
           Printed
           for
           
             Ioseph
             Hindmarsh
          
           ,
           at
           the
           
             Golden
             Ball
          
           in
           Cornhil
           .
           1689.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           I
           Easily
           foresee
           some
           People
           will
           be
           disobliged
           with
           the
           Freedom
           of
           these
           Papers
           ,
           and
           think
           themselves
           treated
           with
           too
           little
           Ceremony
           ;
           But
           unless
           they
           can
           disarm
           their
           pretended
           Adversary
           ,
           and
           confute
           his
           Arguments
           ,
           I
           would
           desire
           them
           by
           all
           means
           to
           smother
           their
           Resentments
           :
           For
           as
           bad
           as
           the
           World
           is
           ,
           to
           appear
           in
           defence
           of
           Pride
           ,
           and
           turn
           Advocate
           for
           the
           Devil
           ,
           looks
           like
           an
           untoward
           sort
           of
           an
           Employment
           .
           However
           to
           sweeten
           their
           Humour
           as
           much
           as
           may
           be
           ,
           they
           may
           please
           to
           consider
           that
           there
           was
           no
           good
           to
           be
           done
           in
           this
           Case
           without
           plain
           dealing
           ;
           This
           Malady
           of
           all
           others
           must
           be
           well
           examined
           ,
           otherwise
           it
           's
           in
           vain
           to
           expect
           a
           Cure.
           'T
           is
           to
           no
           purpose
           to
           declaim
           in
           general
           against
           a
           Proud
           man
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           him
           a
           great
           many
           hard
           Names
           ;
           for
           unless
           you
           point
           directly
           upon
           his
           Vice
           ,
           distinguish
           it's
           Nature
           ,
           and
           discover
           the
           weakness
           of
           that
           which
           he
           builds
           upon
           .
           Every
           one
           will
           be
           sure
           to
           avoid
           the
           Charge
           and
           parry
           against
           the
           Application
           .
           Farther
           ,
           to
           abate
           their
           Censure
           I
           think
           it
           not
           
           improper
           to
           acquaint
           them
           that
           here
           are
           no
           particular
           Characters
           attempted
           ,
           nor
           is
           there
           the
           least
           intention
           to
           provoke
           or
           expose
           any
           Person
           Living
           .
           Besides
           when
           a
           Piece
           like
           this
           is
           drawn
           from
           so
           many
           different
           Faces
           ;
           the
           mixing
           of
           Features
           and
           Complexions
           ,
           will
           keep
           the
           Originals
           from
           being
           discover'd
           .
           In
           short
           the
           Design
           of
           this
           small
           Discourse
           is
           only
           to
           make
           Men
           more
           useful
           and
           acceptable
           to
           Society
           ,
           and
           more
           easie
           to
           themselves
           than
           they
           generally
           are
           :
           And
           that
           those
           who
           over-top
           their
           Neighbours
           upon
           any
           considerable
           account
           ;
           may
           manage
           their
           Advantage
           with
           that
           Modesty
           and
           good
           Humour
           ,
           that
           none
           may
           have
           any
           just
           occasion
           to
           wish
           them
           less
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           A
           Moral
           Essay
           UPON
           PRIDE
           ,
           IN
           A
           CONFERENCE
           Between
           PHILOTIMUS
           and
           PHILALETHES
           .
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             PHilalethes
             ,
             I
             am
             glad
             to
             see
             you
             ,
             though
             you
             are
             so
             wrapt
             up
             in
             Speculation
             that
             I
             scarce
             knew
             you
             at
             first
             sight
             ;
             pray
             why
             so
             thoughtful
             ?
             you
             don't
             use
             to
             have
             so
             much
             Philosophy
             in
             your
             Face
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             have
             a
             particular
             reason
             to
             look
             a
             little
             pretendingly
             at
             present
             ;
             therefore
             I
             hope
             you
             will
             excuse
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             With
             all
             my
             heart
             ,
             for
             I
             suppose
             you
             will
             not
             make
             a
             practice
             of
             it
             :
             But
             whatever
             
             Emergency
             you
             may
             be
             under
             ,
             I
             would
             advise
             you
             to
             appear
             in
             your
             old
             shape
             again
             ;
             for
             in
             my
             Judgment
             that
             contemplative
             Figure
             does
             not
             become
             you
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             sorry
             to
             hear
             Thinking
             agrees
             so
             ill
             with
             my
             Constitution
             ;
             but
             I
             hope
             this
             Alteration
             does
             not
             arise
             from
             any
             natural
             Antipathy
             I
             have
             to
             Sense
             ,
             but
             from
             the
             unacceptableness
             of
             the
             subject
             I
             am
             upon
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             if
             it
             be
             not
             too
             free
             a
             Question
             ,
             what
             were
             you
             musing
             upon
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             last
             night
             I
             happened
             to
             light
             upon
             an
             overgrown
             Fop
             ,
             who
             plagued
             the
             Company
             with
             such
             an
             impertinent
             History
             of
             his
             Quality
             and
             Performances
             ,
             and
             was
             so
             vain
             and
             insolent
             in
             all
             his
             behaviour
             ,
             that
             as
             soon
             as
             I
             was
             delivered
             from
             him
             ,
             I
             had
             a
             plentiful
             occasion
             to
             consider
             the
             unreasonableness
             of
             Pride
             ;
             which
             is
             the
             present
             Employment
             of
             my
             Thoughts
             ,
             and
             upon
             a
             full
             view
             ,
             I
             find
             so
             much
             folly
             ,
             and
             ill
             humour
             ,
             and
             Monster
             ,
             in
             the
             Composition
             of
             this
             Vice
             ,
             that
             I
             am
             ashamed
             ,
             and
             almost
             afraid
             ,
             of
             the
             Idea
             I
             have
             raised
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             'T
             is
             somewhat
             hard
             you
             can't
             stand
             the
             charge
             of
             your
             own
             Imagination
             ;
             But
             though
             I
             shall
             not
             dispute
             your
             Courage
             ,
             yet
             I
             much
             question
             your
             Mortification
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             The
             Reason
             of
             your
             censure
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Because
             I
             have
             observed
             it
             's
             but
             a
             bad
             Sign
             of
             Humility
             to
             declaim
             against
             
             Pride
             ;
             for
             he
             that
             is
             really
             humble
             will
             be
             unconcerned
             about
             Respect
             and
             Applause
             ;
             such
             a
             Person
             values
             himself
             upon
             nothing
             but
             his
             Conscience
             and
             Integrity
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             haughtiness
             of
             another
             can't
             make
             him
             uneasie
             ;
             so
             that
             if
             he
             finds
             himself
             wince
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             neglect
             ,
             he
             may
             be
             pretty
             well
             assured
             he
             has
             a
             fore
             place
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             think
             you
             are
             somewhat
             out
             in
             your
             notion
             of
             Humility
             ;
             for
             that
             virtue
             does
             not
             make
             us
             either
             servile
             or
             insensible
             ,
             it
             does
             not
             oblige
             us
             to
             be
             ridden
             at
             the
             pleasure
             of
             every
             Coxcomb
             .
             We
             may
             shew
             our
             dislike
             of
             an
             imperious
             humour
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             of
             any
             other
             foolish
             Action
             ,
             both
             for
             the
             Benefit
             of
             others
             ,
             and
             in
             vindication
             of
             our
             own
             right
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             glad
             to
             hear
             this
             concession
             from
             you
             ,
             because
             from
             hence
             it
             follows
             that
             a
             man
             may
             have
             a
             just
             esteem
             of
             himself
             without
             being
             proud
             :
             Now
             if
             this
             observation
             was
             remembred
             and
             rightly
             applyed
             ,
             men
             would
             not
             be
             so
             censorious
             in
             this
             point
             ,
             nor
             mistake
             their
             own
             Pride
             for
             their
             neighbours
             so
             often
             as
             they
             do
             .
             For
             instance
             ,
             a
             man
             whom
             the
             Law
             has
             made
             my
             Superiour
             ,
             may
             take
             notice
             of
             his
             Quality
             if
             he
             pleases
             ;
             but
             this
             can't
             well
             be
             done
             ,
             except
             he
             makes
             me
             an
             abatement
             of
             the
             regard
             he
             receives
             from
             me
             ,
             therefore
             I
             ought
             not
             to
             interpret
             the
             Reserve
             or
             Familiarity
             of
             his
             Carriage
             
             as
             a
             Neglect
             ,
             for
             provided
             he
             keeps
             within
             his
             proportion
             ,
             he
             challenges
             nothing
             but
             his
             own
             ;
             so
             that
             if
             I
             am
             displeased
             ,
             the
             Pride
             lies
             on
             my
             side
             ,
             for
             affecting
             to
             have
             an
             equal
             Regard
             paid
             to
             persons
             who
             are
             unequal
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             have
             nothing
             to
             object
             against
             the
             main
             of
             your
             discourse
             ,
             and
             conceive
             that
             the
             best
             way
             to
             know
             whether
             we
             are
             guilty
             or
             not
             ,
             and
             to
             prevent
             charging
             this
             odious
             Imputation
             unjustly
             upon
             others
             ,
             is
             to
             state
             the
             Nature
             of
             Pride
             ,
             and
             to
             enquire
             into
             the
             Grounds
             of
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             confess
             that
             is
             the
             way
             to
             pinch
             the
             Question
             ,
             therefore
             let
             what
             will
             come
             of
             it
             ,
             I
             will
             stand
             the
             Test
             of
             your
             Method
             ,
             though
             I
             am
             afraid
             you
             will
             say
             some
             unacceptable
             things
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Suppose
             I
             do
             ;
             if
             the
             subject
             leads
             me
             to
             it
             ,
             the
             fault
             is
             not
             mine
             :
             But
             to
             come
             to
             the
             point
             :
             Pride
             has
             a
             very
             strong
             Foundation
             in
             the
             mind
             ;
             it
             's
             bottom'd
             upon
             Self-love
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Then
             I
             find
             there
             is
             somewhat
             to
             work
             upon
             .
             —
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Pray
             give
             me
             leave
             ,
             I
             say
             Pride
             is
             originally
             founded
             in
             Self-love
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             most
             intimate
             and
             inseparable
             Passion
             of
             humane
             Nature
             .
             The
             kindness
             men
             have
             for
             themselves
             ,
             is
             apt
             to
             put
             them
             upon
             over-valuing
             their
             own
             things
             :
             which
             humour
             unless
             
             check'd
             in
             time
             ,
             will
             make
             them
             take
             most
             delight
             in
             those
             Circumstances
             and
             Actions
             which
             distinguish
             them
             from
             their
             Neighbours
             ;
             and
             place
             their
             supposed
             Advantages
             in
             the
             best
             light
             .
             Now
             this
             design
             is
             best
             pursued
             by
             being
             Master
             of
             uncommon
             Excellencies
             ,
             which
             though
             desired
             by
             all
             ,
             are
             possessed
             but
             by
             a
             few
             ;
             for
             the
             Rareness
             of
             things
             raises
             their
             Esteem
             ,
             and
             draws
             a
             general
             Admiration
             .
             And
             their
             desire
             of
             being
             distinguish'd
             ,
             is
             one
             reason
             why
             they
             love
             to
             keep
             the
             odds
             in
             their
             own
             hand
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             the
             distance
             between
             themselves
             and
             their
             Neighbours
             as
             wide
             as
             may
             be
             ,
             which
             often
             runs
             them
             upon
             a
             vain
             ,
             and
             tyrannical
             Ostentation
             of
             their
             Power
             ,
             Capacity
             ,
             &c.
             
             For
             this
             magnificent
             discovery
             makes
             the
             difference
             between
             them
             and
             their
             Neighbours
             the
             more
             apparent
             ,
             and
             consequently
             occasions
             their
             own
             Greatness
             to
             be
             the
             more
             remarkable
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             think
             you
             have
             said
             something
             very
             remarkable
             ,
             and
             I
             don't
             know
             but
             you
             may
             grow
             considerable
             by
             it
             ,
             if
             you
             can
             prove
             your
             Assertion
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Pray
             what
             rising
             Doctrine
             have
             I
             laid
             down
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             You
             say
             that
             Pride
             is
             founded
             in
             Self-love
             ,
             which
             is
             an
             unseparable
             Passion
             of
             humane
             nature
             ;
             from
             whence
             I
             gather
             ,
             that
             it
             's
             impossible
             for
             a
             man
             not
             to
             be
             proud
             ,
             because
             
             it
             's
             impossible
             for
             a
             man
             not
             to
             love
             himself
             .
             We
             are
             like
             to
             have
             an
             admirable
             Preservative
             from
             you
             at
             this
             rate
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Not
             so
             fast
             ,
             If
             you
             had
             attended
             to
             the
             whole
             ,
             you
             might
             have
             observed
             that
             by
             self-love
             I
             meant
             the
             Excesses
             of
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             thought
             a
             Man
             could
             not
             have
             loved
             himself
             too
             well
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             If
             by
             loving
             you
             mean
             wishing
             himself
             happy
             ,
             I
             agree
             with
             you
             ;
             for
             we
             may
             ,
             or
             rather
             we
             must
             desire
             to
             be
             as
             happy
             as
             is
             possible
             ,
             provided
             it
             be
             without
             prejudice
             to
             another
             .
             But
             then
             if
             Esteem
             is
             understood
             by
             Love
             ,
             it
             's
             easie
             (
             without
             care
             )
             to
             exceed
             in
             our
             own
             behalf
             ;
             and
             in
             this
             sense
             we
             certainly
             do
             love
             our selves
             too
             well
             ,
             as
             often
             as
             we
             set
             an
             overproportioned
             and
             unusual
             value
             upon
             any
             thing
             because
             it
             's
             our
             own
             ;
             as
             if
             our
             fondness
             and
             partiality
             was
             the
             true
             Standard
             of
             worth
             ,
             and
             we
             had
             the
             faculty
             of
             turning
             every
             thing
             we
             touched
             into
             gold
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             will
             not
             contest
             this
             point
             any
             farther
             with
             you
             ;
             but
             as
             I
             remember
             you
             started
             another
             Paradox
             ,
             by
             intimating
             that
             it
             was
             a
             sign
             of
             Ambition
             to
             esteem
             any
             Excellency
             the
             higher
             for
             being
             uncommon
             :
             Now
             since
             the
             value
             of
             an
             Advantage
             is
             enhansed
             by
             its
             scarceness
             ,
             and
             made
             more
             reputable
             to
             the
             owner
             ;
             I
             think
             it
             somewhat
             hard
             not
             to
             give
             a
             man
             leave
             to
             love
             that
             most
             which
             is
             most
             serviceable
             to
             him
             ,
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             So
             it
             would
             if
             he
             had
             no
             body
             to
             love
             but
             himself
             ;
             but
             since
             he
             is
             both
             obliged
             and
             naturally
             inclinable
             to
             universal
             Benevolence
             ,
             this
             alters
             the
             Case
             :
             for
             he
             who
             values
             any
             thing
             the
             more
             for
             being
             uncommon
             ,
             will
             desire
             it
             should
             continue
             so
             ,
             which
             is
             no
             kind
             Wish
             to
             his
             Neighbours
             ,
             and
             is
             an
             Argument
             that
             a
             man
             does
             not
             delight
             in
             an
             Advantage
             so
             much
             for
             it self
             ,
             as
             for
             the
             Comparison
             ;
             not
             so
             much
             for
             its
             own
             irrespective
             goodness
             ,
             as
             because
             others
             want
             it
             .
             Now
             it
             affords
             a
             more
             generous
             ,
             and
             I
             believe
             ,
             a
             more
             transporting
             pleasure
             ,
             to
             converse
             with
             universal
             Happiness
             ,
             though
             we
             make
             no
             greater
             figure
             in
             it
             ,
             than
             the
             rest
             of
             our
             Neighbours
             ;
             than
             to
             be
             gazed
             at
             ,
             and
             admired
             by
             a
             Crowd
             of
             indigent
             and
             inferiour
             People
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             The
             World
             does
             not
             seem
             to
             be
             of
             your
             opinion
             ;
             however
             I
             will
             let
             your
             Argument
             pass
             for
             the
             good
             nature
             of
             it
             .
             But
             after
             all
             let
             me
             tell
             you
             ,
             though
             I
             have
             no
             mind
             to
             be
             counted
             proud
             ,
             yet
             I
             have
             a
             strong
             fancy
             for
             myself
             ,
             and
             therefore
             if
             you
             will
             not
             allow
             me
             to
             be
             civil
             to
             my
             Person
             ,
             we
             might
             e'en
             as
             good
             dispute
             no
             farther
             ,
             for
             —
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Don't
             trouble
             your self
             ,
             if
             your
             Terms
             are
             moderate
             ,
             we
             'll
             never
             break
             off
             upon
             the
             score
             ,
             therefore
             I
             will
             offer
             at
             a
             short
             negative
             description
             of
             Pride
             ,
             in
             which
             
             if
             it
             's
             possible
             ,
             I
             will
             give
             you
             Satisfaction
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             let
             us
             see
             how
             liberal
             you
             will
             be
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             First
             it
             's
             no
             part
             of
             Pride
             to
             be
             conscious
             of
             any
             perfections
             we
             have
             ,
             whether
             intellectual
             or
             moral
             ;
             for
             this
             is
             in
             many
             Cases
             necessary
             ,
             and
             impossible
             to
             be
             avoided
             .
             He
             that
             is
             wise
             or
             learned
             must
             know
             it
             ,
             otherwise
             he
             can't
             understand
             when
             he
             judges
             true
             or
             false
             ,
             nor
             distinguish
             difficult
             and
             noble
             Speculations
             ,
             from
             trifling
             and
             vulgar
             Remarks
             ,
             nor
             tell
             when
             he
             acts
             rationally
             or
             not
             .
             Now
             a
             Man
             that
             is
             ignorant
             of
             these
             things
             can
             neither
             be
             wise
             nor
             knowing
             :
             Therefore
             as
             he
             that
             has
             a
             just
             and
             vigorous
             sense
             of
             the
             Magnitude
             ,
             Distance
             and
             Colours
             of
             Objects
             ,
             must
             conclude
             that
             he
             has
             eyes
             whether
             he
             will
             or
             not
             ;
             so
             these
             perfections
             of
             the
             mind
             discover
             themselves
             by
             their
             own
             Light.
             The
             Possessour
             can
             no
             more
             be
             ignorant
             of
             them
             ,
             than
             he
             can
             doubt
             of
             his
             Existence
             when
             he
             is
             awake
             .
             To
             give
             one
             instance
             more
             ;
             How
             can
             any
             Person
             have
             true
             Fortitude
             ,
             who
             does
             not
             know
             how
             far
             he
             ought
             to
             hazard
             himself
             ,
             and
             wherein
             the
             baseness
             of
             Cowardise
             consists
             ?
             So
             that
             to
             affirm
             a
             Man
             may
             be
             ignorant
             of
             his
             own
             considerableness
             ,
             is
             to
             make
             him
             wise
             and
             great
             ,
             and
             good
             by
             Chance
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             contradictition
             to
             the
             Excellencies
             supposed
             in
             him
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Right
             .
             And
             since
             I
             like
             the
             Frankness
             ,
             and
             tendency
             of
             your
             Argument
             ,
             I
             'll
             try
             if
             I
             can
             reinforce
             it
             :
             I
             say
             then
             ,
             supposing
             it
             was
             possible
             for
             a
             man
             to
             be
             ignorant
             of
             his
             good
             Qualities
             ;
             it
             was
             by
             no
             means
             convenient
             :
             For
             if
             he
             carried
             such
             a
             Treasure
             about
             him
             ,
             without
             knowing
             how
             well
             furnished
             he
             was
             ;
             it
             s
             somewhat
             hard
             to
             conceive
             ,
             how
             he
             could
             either
             improve
             or
             use
             it
             .
             If
             it
             lay
             thus
             close
             ,
             it
             would
             be
             little
             better
             ,
             than
             a
             Mine
             undiscovered
             ,
             for
             which
             neither
             the
             owner
             of
             the
             Ground
             ,
             or
             any
             Body
             else
             are
             ever
             the
             richer
             ,
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             You
             say
             well
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             shall
             venture
             in
             the
             second
             place
             to
             affirm
             ,
             That
             as
             we
             may
             be
             acquainted
             with
             our
             own
             Accomplishments
             ,
             without
             being
             guilty
             of
             Pride
             ,
             so
             neither
             is
             it
             any
             branch
             of
             this
             sin
             to
             discover
             that
             they
             are
             greater
             than
             some
             of
             our
             Neighbours
             enjoy
             .
             If
             we
             have
             a
             real
             Advantage
             over
             another
             ,
             it
             's
             no
             sin
             to
             be
             sensible
             of
             it
             ;
             to
             apprehend
             otherwise
             ,
             is
             to
             judge
             contrary
             to
             the
             Reason
             of
             things
             ,
             when
             the
             Case
             is
             plain
             ,
             we
             may
             believe
             we
             have
             more
             Honesty
             ,
             Sense
             ,
             &c.
             than
             some
             others
             .
             This
             is
             as
             allowable
             as
             it
             is
             for
             us
             to
             think
             ,
             that
             we
             have
             better
             Complexions
             than
             Moors
             ,
             and
             are
             taller
             than
             Pygmies
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Can
             you
             go
             on
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Yes
             ,
             I
             'm
             not
             afraid
             to
             add
             ,
             Thirdly
             ,
             that
             we
             don't
             fall
             into
             the
             sin
             of
             Pride
             ,
             
             by
             being
             delighted
             with
             those
             Advantages
             of
             Mind
             ,
             Body
             or
             Fortune
             ,
             which
             Providence
             has
             given
             us
             ;
             these
             things
             in
             the
             very
             notion
             of
             them
             are
             supposed
             to
             be
             beneficial
             .
             Now
             it
             's
             natural
             and
             necessary
             for
             us
             to
             be
             pleased
             with
             the
             Enjoyment
             of
             that
             which
             is
             good
             ;
             of
             that
             which
             is
             agreeable
             to
             our
             Faculties
             ,
             and
             an
             Advancement
             of
             our
             Nature
             :
             To
             speak
             strictly
             ,
             when
             the
             Faculty
             and
             the
             Object
             are
             rightly
             proportioned
             ,
             Satisfaction
             follows
             of
             course
             ,
             and
             it
             s
             as
             impossible
             for
             us
             not
             to
             be
             pleased
             ,
             as
             it
             is
             for
             fire
             not
             to
             ascend
             :
             Farther
             ,
             if
             we
             are
             not
             allowed
             to
             take
             any
             Satisfaction
             in
             our
             condition
             ,
             we
             are
             not
             bound
             to
             give
             God
             thanks
             for
             it
             ,
             ;
             for
             we
             are
             not
             obliged
             to
             be
             thankful
             for
             that
             which
             does
             us
             no
             good
             :
             But
             nothing
             can
             do
             us
             any
             good
             ,
             except
             it
             be
             by
             giving
             us
             a
             pleasure
             either
             in
             hand
             or
             in
             prospect
             .
             Fourthly
             ,
             it
             is
             no
             part
             of
             Pride
             ,
             to
             be
             more
             pleased
             with
             having
             an
             Advantage
             our selves
             ,
             than
             by
             seeing
             one
             of
             the
             same
             value
             possessed
             by
             another
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Make
             this
             out
             and
             you
             will
             oblige
             me
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Very
             well
             :
             I
             prove
             my
             Proposition
             thus
             .
             First
             ,
             Because
             that
             which
             is
             in
             our
             Possession
             ,
             or
             incorporated
             into
             our
             Essence
             ,
             is
             always
             in
             our
             Power
             ,
             and
             ready
             to
             be
             made
             use
             of
             when
             we
             think
             fit
             .
             But
             that
             which
             belongs
             to
             another
             is
             often
             at
             a
             distance
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             our
             reach
             ,
             and
             can't
             be
             communicated
             to
             us
             ,
             though
             
             the
             owner
             was
             never
             so
             willing
             .
             Secondly
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             more
             agreeable
             to
             be
             Master
             of
             any
             perfection
             our selves
             ,
             than
             to
             contemplate
             one
             of
             the
             same
             nature
             in
             another
             ;
             because
             every
             one
             is
             more
             certain
             of
             the
             kind
             Inclination
             he
             has
             to
             himself
             ,
             than
             he
             can
             be
             of
             the
             Affection
             of
             any
             other
             Person
             whatever
             :
             That
             I
             will
             be
             always
             kind
             to
             my self
             ,
             I
             am
             as
             well
             assured
             of
             ,
             as
             that
             I
             have
             a
             being
             ;
             but
             that
             another
             will
             be
             so
             ,
             is
             impossible
             for
             me
             to
             know
             :
             And
             therefore
             let
             a
             man
             be
             never
             so
             good
             natured
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             somewhat
             more
             satisfactory
             to
             him
             ,
             to
             see
             himself
             well
             furnished
             in
             any
             kind
             ,
             than
             his
             Neighbour
             .
             Thirdly
             ,
             that
             which
             is
             our
             own
             and
             in
             our
             Nature
             ,
             we
             have
             the
             most
             intimate
             and
             vigorous
             sense
             of
             ;
             for
             the
             presence
             of
             any
             desirable
             Object
             ,
             we
             know
             is
             more
             acceptable
             and
             entertaining
             than
             either
             the
             notion
             or
             Prospect
             of
             it
             :
             Possession
             gives
             us
             the
             Life
             of
             the
             thing
             ,
             But
             hopes
             and
             Fancy
             can
             furnish
             out
             no
             more
             at
             the
             best
             than
             a
             Picture
             finely
             drawn
             .
             So
             that
             ,
             for
             Example
             ,
             let
             a
             man
             be
             of
             never
             so
             generous
             and
             disinterested
             a
             Spirit
             ,
             yet
             it
             's
             natural
             for
             him
             to
             be
             better
             pleased
             ,
             with
             being
             rich
             himself
             (
             if
             he
             has
             any
             value
             for
             riches
             )
             than
             in
             having
             the
             bare
             Idea
             of
             an
             Estate
             :
             Besides
             as
             I
             observed
             ,
             that
             which
             is
             our
             own
             ,
             is
             always
             at
             our
             disposal
             ,
             and
             does
             not
             depend
             upon
             the
             uncertain
             Inclination
             and
             humour
             of
             another
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Very
             comfortably
             argued
             .
             I
             find
             then
             by
             your
             discourse
             that
             a
             Man
             may
             without
             vanity
             be
             pleased
             with
             his
             Circumstances
             ,
             and
             have
             good
             Thoughts
             of
             himself
             too
             ,
             if
             he
             deserves
             it
             .
             Now
             some
             People
             are
             so
             unreasonable
             ,
             that
             they
             will
             neither
             give
             Men
             leave
             to
             love
             ,
             nor
             understand
             themselves
             ;
             if
             they
             are
             conscious
             of
             any
             commendable
             Quality
             ,
             they
             must
             be
             sure
             to
             lay
             it
             out
             of
             the
             way
             that
             they
             may
             not
             see
             it
             ;
             nay
             if
             a
             Man
             has
             taken
             never
             so
             much
             care
             to
             make
             himself
             insignificant
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             the
             promoting
             of
             Humility
             ,
             they
             will
             scarce
             let
             him
             know
             he
             is
             good
             for
             nothing
             ,
             for
             fear
             he
             should
             grow
             conceited
             of
             his
             Virtue
             .
             But
             I
             perceive
             you
             are
             not
             so
             strait
             laced
             ,
             and
             pedantick
             in
             your
             Notions
             .
             Therefore
             if
             you
             can
             recover
             us
             no
             more
             Ground
             ,
             let
             us
             know
             directly
             what
             Pride
             is
             ,
             and
             be
             as
             fair
             as
             you
             can
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             Pride
             in
             the
             plainest
             words
             which
             I
             can
             think
             of
             ,
             is
             too
             high
             an
             Opinion
             of
             our
             own
             Excellency
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             How
             shall
             we
             know
             when
             we
             over-rate
             our selves
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             That
             is
             a
             very
             seasonable
             question
             ,
             and
             absolutely
             necessary
             to
             the
             state
             of
             the
             Case
             :
             Therefore
             I
             shall
             lay
             down
             some
             indisputable
             Marks
             of
             this
             Vice
             ,
             that
             whenever
             we
             see
             the
             Tokens
             we
             may
             conclude
             the
             Plague
             is
             in
             the
             House
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Let
             us
             hear
             your
             Diagnosticks
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             First
             ,
             Then
             we
             may
             be
             assured
             we
             have
             this
             Disease
             ,
             when
             we
             value
             any
             Person
             chiefly
             because
             his
             advantages
             are
             of
             the
             same
             nature
             with
             those
             we
             enjoy
             ,
             neglecting
             others
             who
             have
             an
             equal
             right
             to
             Regard
             ,
             only
             because
             their
             Privileges
             are
             of
             a
             different
             kind
             from
             our
             own
             .
             For
             instance
             ,
             when
             Men
             who
             derive
             their
             considerableness
             from
             the
             Sword
             ,
             the
             Gown
             ,
             or
             their
             Ancestours
             ,
             think
             none
             worthy
             their
             Esteem
             but
             such
             as
             claim
             under
             their
             own
             Pretences
             ;
             In
             this
             case
             it
             's
             evident
             it
             can
             be
             nothing
             but
             Partiality
             and
             Conceitedness
             which
             makes
             them
             give
             the
             Preheminence
             .
          
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           We
           may
           certainly
           conclude
           our selves
           infected
           with
           this
           Vice
           ,
           when
           we
           invade
           the
           Rights
           of
           our
           Neighbour
           ,
           not
           upon
           the
           account
           of
           Covetousness
           ,
           but
           of
           Dominion
           ;
           only
           that
           we
           may
           have
           it
           in
           our
           power
           to
           create
           Dependencies
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           another
           that
           which
           is
           already
           his
           own
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           When
           Men
           don't
           measure
           their
           civil
           Advantages
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           their
           Country
           ,
           but
           by
           their
           own
           fancies
           ,
           and
           the
           submissions
           of
           Flatterers
           ;
           this
           is
           another
           infallible
           sign
           they
           are
           Proud.
           
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           to
           mention
           no
           more
           ,
           When
           Men
           love
           to
           make
           themselves
           the
           subject
           of
           discourse
           :
           To
           conn
           over
           their
           Pedigrees
           ,
           and
           obtrude
           the
           Blazon
           of
           their
           exploits
           upon
           
           the
           company
           ;
           this
           is
           an
           argument
           they
           are
           overgrown
           with
           conceit
           ,
           and
           very
           much
           smitten
           with
           themselves
           .
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Though
             I
             think
             you
             have
             hit
             the
             symptoms
             pretty
             well
             ,
             yet
             except
             they
             are
             marked
             somewhat
             more
             distinctly
             ,
             't
             is
             possible
             for
             a
             Man
             to
             have
             most
             of
             them
             without
             being
             e'er
             the
             wiser
             .
             For
             unless
             we
             are
             able
             to
             draw
             up
             a
             just
             State
             of
             the
             Degrees
             of
             merit
             ,
             we
             can
             never
             take
             the
             true
             height
             of
             our
             Pretensions
             ,
             and
             being
             in
             this
             uncertainty
             it's
             odds
             if
             self
             Love
             does
             not
             make
             us
             determine
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             our
             Neighbours
             .
             Now
             I
             would
             gladly
             know
             how
             we
             must
             go
             to
             work
             to
             be
             sufficiently
             informed
             in
             this
             Point
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             We
             must
             endeavour
             to
             get
             right
             apprehensions
             of
             the
             several
             Excellencies
             of
             humane
             Nature
             ,
             and
             what
             proportion
             they
             hold
             to
             each
             other
             :
             In
             order
             to
             the
             assisting
             our
             Judgment
             in
             this
             case
             I
             shall
             lay
             down
             these
             general
             rules
             .
          
        
         
           First
           ,
           Those
           advantages
           which
           spring
           from
           our selves
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           effects
           of
           our
           power
           and
           courage
           ,
           of
           our
           Industry
           or
           Understanding
           ,
           are
           more
           valuable
           than
           those
           which
           are
           derived
           ,
           and
           borrowed
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           a
           sign
           of
           a
           Richer
           and
           more
           active
           nature
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           Those
           Qualities
           which
           are
           most
           useful
           ought
           to
           have
           the
           Preference
           :
           for
           since
           acknowledgments
           ought
           to
           be
           suitable
           
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           benefits
           received
           ,
           those
           who
           have
           the
           largest
           Capacity
           of
           obliging
           ,
           may
           fairly
           challenge
           the
           Perheminence
           in
           our
           Esteem
           ;
           and
           therefore
           in
           the
           third
           place
           the
           duration
           of
           an
           advantage
           ought
           to
           be
           consider'd
           ;
           And
           that
           which
           has
           the
           firmest
           Constitution
           and
           is
           most
           likely
           to
           continue
           ,
           ought
           to
           be
           prefer'd
           to
           others
           which
           are
           brittle
           and
           short
           lived
           .
           These
           rules
           carefully
           apply'd
           will
           snew
           us
           how
           far
           our
           pretensions
           to
           Regard
           are
           short
           of
           ,
           or
           exceed
           other
           Mens
           ,
           and
           so
           prevent
           an
           over-weening
           opinion
           of
           our selves
           .
           However
           ,
           we
           are
           to
           observe
           that
           outward
           Respect
           ought
           to
           be
           given
           according
           to
           the
           Distinctions
           of
           ;
           Law
           ,
           and
           though
           a
           Man
           may
           happen
           to
           be
           very
           defective
           in
           point
           of
           merit
           ,
           yet
           we
           ought
           to
           take
           notice
           of
           the
           value
           Authority
           has
           set
           upon
           him
           .
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Give
             me
             leave
             to
             put
             in
             a
             word
             ,
             which
             is
             to
             tell
             you
             ,
             that
             though
             I
             am
             not
             satisfied
             with
             your
             Instances
             ,
             yet
             I
             am
             glad
             to
             find
             you
             will
             allow
             us
             different
             degrees
             of
             worth
             .
             I
             was
             almost
             afraid
             you
             would
             have
             set
             all
             Mankind
             upon
             a
             Level
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             To
             deliver
             you
             from
             such
             apprehensions
             ,
             I
             freely
             grant
             you
             that
             the
             Distinctions
             of
             Quality
             ought
             to
             be
             kept
             up
             for
             the
             Encouragement
             of
             Industry
             ,
             and
             the
             support
             of
             Government
             .
             I
             hope
             now
             you
             have
             the
             reason
             of
             my
             Concession
             ,
             you
             will
             not
             be
             so
             suspicious
             for
             the
             future
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             No
             ,
             not
             till
             you
             give
             me
             a
             farther
             occasion
             ;
             especially
             since
             the
             inference
             of
             your
             discourse
             is
             not
             unacceptable
             :
             from
             whence
             it
             followeth
             ,
             that
             when
             a
             Man
             sees
             plainly
             that
             he
             has
             the
             Advantage
             of
             his
             Neighbour
             ,
             he
             may
             let
             him
             understand
             so
             much
             without
             any
             offence
             to
             humility
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No
             doubt
             of
             it
             ,
             especially
             when
             his
             station
             is
             publick
             ;
             but
             then
             the
             discovery
             of
             his
             superiority
             ought
             to
             be
             managed
             with
             a
             great
             deal
             of
             Art
             and
             good
             nature
             ,
             to
             which
             we
             are
             obliged
             not
             only
             in
             point
             of
             Complaisance
             but
             Justice
             .
             For
             though
             there
             is
             often
             a
             real
             difference
             between
             one
             Man
             and
             another
             ,
             yet
             the
             party
             who
             has
             the
             advantgae
             usually
             magnifies
             the
             inequality
             beyond
             all
             Sense
             ,
             and
             Proportion
             .
             Men
             don't
             consider
             that
             the
             great
             priviledges
             of
             humane
             Nature
             are
             common
             to
             the
             whole
             Kind
             ;
             such
             as
             being
             equally
             related
             to
             God
             and
             Adam
             ,
             Reason
             and
             Immortality
             ,
             the
             same
             number
             of
             Senses
             ,
             and
             much
             of
             the
             same
             perfection
             and
             continuance
             .
             And
             as
             for
             those
             things
             which
             are
             the
             peculiar
             Advantages
             of
             a
             few
             ;
             they
             are
             either
             acquired
             and
             enjoyed
             by
             the
             strength
             of
             those
             general
             ones
             I
             have
             mentioned
             ,
             or
             else
             they
             are
             forein
             and
             in
             a
             great
             measure
             Chimerical
             ,
             and
             therefore
             can
             be
             no
             real
             enrichments
             of
             our
             nature
             .
             They
             are
             often
             no
             more
             than
             the
             Blessings
             of
             Chance
             ,
             of
             Flattery
             ,
             and
             Imagination
             .
             And
             though
             they
             
             may
             set
             us
             upon
             higher
             Ground
             ,
             yet
             they
             can
             add
             nothing
             to
             the
             true
             Stature
             of
             our
             Being
             .
             But
             to
             combate
             this
             Vice
             more
             successfully
             ,
             we
             'll
             examine
             its
             most
             plausible
             Pretences
             ,
             and
             see
             if
             we
             can
             discover
             the
             weakness
             of
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             pretences
             are
             those
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             mean
             Learning
             ,
             Nobility
             ,
             and
             Power
             ;
             for
             these
             you
             know
             are
             accounted
             the
             brightest
             and
             most
             distinguishing
             Advantages
             .
             But
             though
             they
             ought
             all
             to
             be
             considered
             ,
             yet
             I
             believe
             there
             is
             much
             more
             Weight
             laid
             upon
             them
             ,
             than
             in
             strict
             reason
             they
             will
             bear
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             You
             talk
             as
             if
             you
             were
             retained
             by
             the
             Mobile
             ,
             and
             had
             a
             Mind
             to
             bring
             us
             back
             to
             our
             original
             State
             of
             Ignorance
             and
             Peasantry
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             tell
             you
             once
             again
             you
             are
             much
             mistaken
             .
             I
             have
             no
             design
             to
             lessen
             the
             value
             of
             any
             mans
             Honour
             ,
             or
             Understanding
             :
             Let
             People
             have
             as
             much
             Sense
             and
             Quality
             as
             they
             please
             ,
             provided
             they
             don
             't
             grow
             troublesom
             and
             ridiculous
             about
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             somwhat
             suspect
             you
             have
             a
             mind
             to
             engross
             this
             Vice
             of
             Pride
             to
             your self
             .
             This
             sort
             of
             discourse
             looks
             like
             declaiming
             against
             Arbitrary
             Power
             ,
             where
             the
             sharpest
             Invectives
             are
             commonly
             made
             by
             the
             most
             Enterprizing
             ,
             and
             unmortifyed
             Men
             ,
             who
             are
             only
             angry
             that
             they
             are
             not
             possessed
             
             of
             that
             absoluteness
             themselves
             ,
             which
             they
             endeavour
             to
             render
             odious
             in
             others
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Hah
             !
             you
             are
             somewhat
             smart
             .
             However
             let
             me
             tell
             you
             ,
             if
             I
             have
             any
             such
             project
             as
             you
             imagine
             ,
             you
             have
             me
             upon
             a
             fair
             Dilemma
             .
             For
             ,
             if
             my
             reasons
             against
             Pride
             hold
             good
             ,
             they
             will
             stand
             upon
             record
             against
             my self
             ,
             which
             I
             suppose
             will
             be
             no
             unacceptable
             revenge
             for
             you
             :
             if
             they
             are
             insignificant
             ,
             you
             will
             have
             the
             diversion
             of
             laughing
             at
             the
             folly
             of
             the
             attempt
             :
             and
             which
             is
             more
             considerable
             ,
             you
             may
             keep
             your
             good
             opinion
             of
             yourself
             into
             the
             bargain
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             begin
             your
             attack
             as
             you
             think
             fit
             ,
             and
             for
             disputes
             sake
             I
             'll
             try
             how
             far
             I
             can
             maintain
             the
             ground
             against
             you
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             First
             then
             ,
             Learning
             (
             to
             begin
             there
             )
             and
             High
             Conceit
             agree
             very
             well
             together
             :
             for
             a
             Man
             of
             Letters
             may
             have
             a
             clearer
             notion
             of
             the
             stupidness
             and
             deformity
             of
             this
             Vice
             ,
             and
             being
             better
             acquainted
             with
             the
             frame
             and
             passions
             of
             humane
             Nature
             ,
             he
             can't
             choose
             but
             discover
             how
             unacceptable
             it
             must
             make
             him
             to
             all
             Mankind
             .
             Besides
             he
             is
             supposed
             to
             know
             that
             nothing
             in
             strict
             reason
             deserves
             a
             true
             Commendation
             ,
             but
             a
             right
             use
             of
             the
             Liberty
             of
             our
             Will
             ,
             which
             is
             in
             every
             ones
             power
             to
             manage
             to
             advantage
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             Learning
             gives
             us
             a
             fuller
             conviction
             of
             the
             imperfection
             of
             our
             nature
             ,
             which
             one
             would
             think
             might
             dispose
             us
             to
             Modesty
             .
             
             The
             more
             a
             Man
             knows
             the
             more
             he
             discovers
             his
             ignorance
             .
             He
             can
             scarce
             look
             upon
             any
             part
             of
             the
             Creation
             ,
             but
             he
             finds
             himself
             encompassed
             with
             doubts
             and
             difficulties
             .
             There
             is
             scarce
             any
             thing
             so
             trifling
             or
             seemingly
             common
             ,
             but
             perplexes
             his
             Understanding
             ,
             if
             he
             has
             but
             sense
             enough
             to
             look
             into
             all
             the
             objections
             which
             may
             be
             raised
             about
             it
             .
             He
             knows
             he
             has
             a
             being
             't
             is
             true
             ,
             and
             so
             does
             a
             Peasant
             ,
             but
             what
             this
             thing
             is
             which
             he
             calls
             himself
             ,
             is
             hard
             to
             say
             .
             He
             has
             reason
             to
             believe
             ,
             that
             he
             is
             compounded
             of
             two
             very
             different
             Ingredients
             ,
             Spirit
             ,
             and
             Matter
             ;
             but
             how
             such
             unallyed
             and
             disproportioned
             substances
             should
             hold
             any
             Correspondence
             and
             act
             upon
             each
             other
             ,
             no
             mans
             Learning
             yet
             could
             ever
             tell
             him
             .
             Nay
             how
             the
             parts
             of
             Matter
             cohere
             ,
             is
             a
             Question
             which
             it
             's
             likely
             will
             never
             be
             well
             answer'd
             in
             this
             life
             .
             For
             though
             we
             make
             use
             of
             the
             fairest
             Hypotheses
             ,
             yet
             if
             we
             pursue
             the
             Argument
             home
             ,
             we
             shall
             go
             nigh
             to
             dispute
             away
             our
             Bodies
             ,
             and
             reason
             our selves
             all
             in
             pieces
             .
             Insomuch
             that
             if
             we
             had
             nothing
             but
             Principles
             to
             encourage
             us
             ,
             we
             might
             justly
             be
             afraid
             of
             going
             abroad
             ,
             lest
             we
             should
             be
             blown
             away
             like
             a
             heap
             of
             dust
             :
             For
             it
             's
             no
             solution
             to
             say
             the
             greater
             parts
             of
             Matter
             are
             connected
             with
             hooked
             particles
             ;
             for
             still
             the
             difficulty
             returns
             how
             these
             Hooks
             were
             made
             ?
             
               Quis
               custodiet
               ipsos
               
               Custodes
            
             ?
             What
             is
             it
             that
             fastens
             this
             Soder
             ,
             and
             links
             these
             first
             Principles
             of
             Bodies
             into
             a
             Chain
             ?
             And
             as
             the
             more
             refined
             Understandings
             know
             little
             or
             nothing
             of
             themselves
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             material
             World
             ;
             so
             upon
             Enquiry
             we
             shall
             find
             them
             as
             defective
             in
             their
             Skill
             about
             Moral
             Truths
             :
             (
             excepting
             those
             who
             are
             taught
             by
             Revelation
             ,
             which
             supernatural
             Discoveries
             the
             unlearned
             are
             capable
             of
             understanding
             ,
             as
             far
             as
             their
             happiness
             is
             concerned
             .
             )
             Those
             who
             made
             Laws
             in
             their
             respective
             Countries
             ,
             we
             have
             reason
             to
             believe
             had
             their
             minds
             polished
             above
             the
             vulgar
             rate
             :
             And
             yet
             we
             see
             how
             unaccountably
             the
             publick
             Constitutions
             of
             Nations
             vary
             .
             The
             Persians
             and
             Athenians
             allowed
             Incest
             ,
             the
             Lacedemonians
             Stealing
             ,
             and
             some
             
               Indians
               Herodotus
            
             mentions
             ,
             used
             to
             bury
             their
             best
             Friends
             in
             their
             Stomachs
             .
             In
             short
             ,
             the
             Rules
             of
             Decency
             ,
             of
             Government
             ,
             of
             Justice
             it self
             ,
             are
             so
             different
             in
             one
             place
             from
             what
             they
             are
             in
             another
             ,
             so
             party-coloured
             and
             contradictious
             ,
             that
             one
             would
             almost
             think
             the
             Species
             of
             men
             altered
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             Climates
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             had
             not
             the
             same
             Nature
             in
             common
             .
             One
             would
             almost
             think
             that
             Right
             and
             Wrong
             lay
             rather
             in
             the
             Fancies
             of
             men
             ,
             than
             in
             the
             reason
             of
             things
             ,
             and
             was
             bounded
             more
             by
             Seas
             and
             Rivers
             ,
             than
             by
             any
             unalterable
             limits
             of
             Nature
             ;
             that
             Virtue
             and
             Vice
             were
             
             minted
             by
             the
             Civil
             Magistrate
             ,
             and
             like
             Coins
             would
             pass
             for
             Currant
             only
             in
             his
             own
             Dominions
             .
             The
             Heathen
             Philosophers
             may
             fairly
             be
             granted
             to
             have
             as
             good
             pretences
             to
             Learning
             ,
             as
             any
             other
             sort
             of
             men
             among
             them
             :
             And
             yet
             we
             may
             observe
             from
             Tully
             and
             Laertius
             what
             a
             small
             Proportion
             of
             solid
             Knowledge
             they
             were
             Masters
             of
             ;
             how
             strangely
             did
             they
             differ
             in
             Matters
             of
             the
             highest
             Import
             ?
             How
             eagerly
             did
             they
             dispute
             ,
             and
             not
             without
             probability
             on
             both
             sides
             :
             Whether
             there
             was
             any
             thing
             certain
             ?
             Whether
             the
             Criterions
             of
             Truth
             and
             Falshood
             were
             clear
             and
             indubitable
             or
             not
             ?
             Whether
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             World
             was
             casual
             ,
             fatal
             ,
             or
             providential
             ?
             How
             many
             
               Summum
               Bonums
            
             have
             they
             presented
             us
             with
             ,
             some
             of
             them
             only
             fit
             to
             entertain
             a
             Brute
             ,
             others
             noble
             enough
             for
             a
             Spirit
             of
             the
             highest
             Order
             ?
             It
             were
             tedious
             to
             recount
             the
             differences
             one
             Sect
             had
             with
             another
             ,
             their
             Inconsistences
             with
             themselves
             ,
             and
             the
             ridiculous
             and
             ill
             supported
             Tenets
             some
             of
             the
             most
             famous
             of
             them
             have
             held
             .
             Insomuch
             that
             Tully
             takes
             notice
             that
             there
             was
             no
             opinion
             so
             absurd
             ,
             but
             was
             held
             by
             some
             Philosopher
             or
             other
             .
             'T
             is
             true
             they
             could
             wrangle
             and
             Harangue
             better
             than
             the
             common
             People
             ;
             they
             could
             talk
             more
             plausibly
             about
             that
             they
             did
             not
             understand
             ;
             but
             their
             Learning
             lay
             chiefly
             in
             Flourish
             ,
             and
             Terms
             ,
             and
             
             Cant
             ;
             for
             as
             for
             any
             real
             Improvements
             in
             Science
             they
             were
             not
             much
             wiser
             than
             the
             less
             pretending
             Multitude
             .
             Indeed
             the
             more
             modest
             of
             them
             would
             confess
             that
             the
             chief
             use
             of
             Learning
             was
             to
             give
             us
             a
             fuller
             discovery
             of
             our
             Ignorance
             ,
             and
             to
             keep
             us
             from
             being
             peremptory
             and
             dogmatical
             in
             our
             determinations
             .
             Now
             one
             would
             imagine
             the
             more
             intimate
             Acquaintance
             we
             had
             with
             the
             Imperfections
             of
             our
             Nature
             ,
             the
             greater
             reason
             we
             should
             have
             to
             be
             humble
             .
             Is
             Weakness
             a
             proper
             Foundation
             to
             erect
             our
             lofty
             conceits
             upon
             ?
             Indeed
             he
             that
             has
             not
             the
             leisure
             or
             capacity
             to
             examine
             how
             it
             's
             with
             him
             ,
             may
             be
             fondly
             persuaded
             to
             fancy
             himself
             somebody
             ,
             and
             grow
             vain
             upon
             the
             kind
             presumption
             ;
             but
             for
             a
             man
             to
             be
             proud
             who
             can
             demonstrate
             his
             own
             poverty
             ,
             is
             little
             less
             than
             Madness
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             If
             the
             case
             stands
             thus
             ,
             to
             make
             all
             sure
             ,
             we
             had
             best
             get
             an
             order
             to
             burn
             the
             Twenty
             four
             Letters
             ,
             and
             hang
             up
             Cadmüs
             in
             Effigie
             ;
             for
             —
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Pray
             don't
             interrupt
             me
             ,
             and
             I
             will
             try
             if
             I
             can
             give
             you
             a
             little
             Ease
             .
             Granting
             therefore
             ,
             as
             we
             may
             ,
             that
             Learning
             does
             give
             some
             advantage
             ,
             and
             that
             our
             Understandings
             are
             really
             enriched
             by
             it
             ;
             yet
             in
             regard
             we
             have
             but
             a
             few
             Principles
             to
             build
             upon
             ,
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             our
             Knowledge
             must
             consist
             in
             Inferences
             ,
             which
             can't
             be
             
             wrought
             out
             without
             great
             Labour
             and
             Attention
             of
             mind
             :
             And
             when
             we
             are
             at
             any
             distance
             from
             self-evident
             Truths
             ,
             the
             mind
             is
             not
             only
             perplexed
             with
             the
             Consideration
             of
             a
             great
             many
             Circumstances
             ,
             but
             which
             is
             worse
             ,
             Forgetfulness
             or
             Mistake
             in
             the
             least
             of
             them
             ,
             frustrates
             our
             whole
             Design
             ,
             and
             rewards
             us
             with
             nothing
             but
             Error
             for
             our
             trouble
             .
          
           
             Now
             he
             that
             is
             so
             liable
             to
             be
             imposed
             upon
             ,
             who
             rises
             but
             by
             Inches
             ,
             and
             enriches
             himself
             ,
             by
             such
             slow
             and
             insensible
             Degrees
             ;
             't
             is
             a
             Sign
             that
             his
             Stock
             was
             either
             very
             small
             ,
             or
             that
             he
             is
             unskilfull
             in
             the
             management
             of
             his
             Business
             ,
             and
             therefore
             he
             has
             no
             reason
             to
             be
             proud
             of
             what
             he
             has
             gotten
             :
             Besides
             it
             's
             an
             humbling
             consideration
             to
             reflect
             what
             pains
             we
             are
             obliged
             to
             take
             to
             muster
             up
             our
             Forces
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             that
             little
             reason
             we
             have
             serviceable
             .
             How
             fast
             does
             Obscurity
             ,
             Flatness
             and
             Impertinency
             flow
             in
             upon
             our
             Meditations
             ?
             'T
             is
             a
             difficult
             Task
             to
             talk
             to
             the
             purpose
             ,
             and
             to
             put
             life
             and
             perspicuity
             into
             our
             Discourses
             ;
             those
             who
             are
             most
             ready
             and
             inventive
             have
             not
             their
             best
             Thoughts
             uppermost
             :
             No
             ,
             they
             must
             think
             upon
             the
             Stretch
             ,
             ransack
             ,
             and
             turn
             over
             their
             mind
             ,
             and
             put
             their
             Imagination
             into
             a
             kind
             of
             Ferment
             ,
             if
             they
             intend
             to
             produce
             any
             thing
             extraordinary
             :
             So
             that
             considering
             the
             Trouble
             and
             almost
             
             Violence
             we
             are
             put
             upon
             ,
             one
             would
             think
             that
             Sense
             and
             Reason
             was
             not
             made
             for
             Mankind
             ,
             and
             that
             we
             strive
             against
             our
             Natures
             ,
             when
             we
             pretend
             to
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Well
             ;
             What
             though
             our
             Minds
             were
             poor
             ,
             and
             unfurnished
             at
             first
             ,
             is
             it
             any
             disparagement
             to
             us
             to
             have
             more
             Wit
             than
             we
             were
             born
             with
             ?
             What
             though
             we
             can't
             strike
             out
             a
             Science
             at
             a
             Heat
             ,
             but
             are
             forced
             to
             polish
             our selves
             by
             degrees
             ,
             and
             to
             work
             hard
             for
             what
             we
             have
             ?
             The
             less
             we
             were
             assisted
             by
             Nature
             ,
             the
             greater
             commendation
             it
             is
             to
             our
             Industry
             ,
             and
             our
             attainments
             are
             so
             much
             the
             more
             our
             own
             .
             And
             since
             we
             have
             thus
             fairly
             distinguished
             our selves
             by
             Merit
             ,
             why
             should
             we
             seem
             unapprehensive
             of
             our
             Performances
             ?
             since
             we
             have
             paid
             so
             dear
             for
             the
             Improvements
             of
             our
             understanding
             ,
             and
             our
             advantages
             are
             gained
             with
             so
             much
             Difficulty
             ,
             what
             harm
             is
             it
             to
             make
             our
             best
             of
             them
             ?
             Why
             should
             we
             not
             oblige
             the
             negligent
             to
             Distance
             and
             Regard
             ,
             and
             make
             those
             who
             are
             younger
             or
             less
             knowing
             than
             our selves
             sensible
             of
             their
             Inferiority
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             agree
             with
             you
             as
             I
             have
             already
             hinted
             ,
             that
             a
             Man
             may
             lawfully
             maintain
             his
             Character
             and
             just
             pretences
             against
             Rudeness
             and
             Ignorance
             ,
             especially
             when
             the
             publick
             Good
             is
             concerned
             in
             his
             Reputation
             .
             But
             when
             he
             acts
             a
             private
             part
             ,
             and
             converses
             
             with
             People
             of
             Sense
             and
             Modesty
             ,
             he
             should
             give
             them
             but
             very
             gentle
             remembrances
             of
             his
             Prerogative
             :
             his
             Opinion
             of
             his
             own
             worth
             should
             but
             just
             dawn
             upon
             them
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             most
             give
             them
             but
             an
             obscure
             and
             remote
             notice
             ,
             that
             he
             expected
             any
             singular
             Acknowledgment
             :
             He
             should
             take
             the
             respect
             that
             is
             paid
             him
             rather
             as
             a
             Present
             than
             a
             Debt
             ,
             and
             seem
             thankful
             for
             that
             which
             is
             his
             own
             :
             But
             to
             be
             stiff
             and
             formally
             reserved
             as
             if
             the
             Company
             did
             not
             deserve
             our
             Familiarity
             ;
             to
             be
             haughty
             and
             contemptuous
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             scanty
             and
             underproportioned
             returns
             of
             Civility
             :
             this
             is
             a
             downright
             Challenge
             of
             Homage
             ,
             and
             plainly
             tells
             people
             ,
             they
             must
             be
             very
             mannerly
             :
             'T
             is
             in
             effect
             to
             say
             ,
             Gentlemen
             ,
             I
             have
             more
             Learning
             ,
             and
             have
             done
             the
             publick
             greater
             Service
             than
             you
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             expect
             to
             be
             considered
             for
             it
             :
             you
             may
             possibly
             say
             that
             I
             have
             more
             preferment
             too
             ,
             and
             am
             paid
             for
             my
             merit
             in
             mony
             ,
             but
             that
             shall
             not
             serve
             your
             turn
             ;
             for
             except
             you
             shew
             your selves
             very
             dutiful
             ,
             I
             shall
             give
             you
             broad
             Signs
             of
             my
             dissatisfaction
             ,
             and
             never
             let
             you
             have
             the
             Honour
             of
             my
             converse
             again
             .
             Now
             such
             a
             Man
             if
             he
             went
             much
             abroad
             ,
             would
             plague
             mankind
             more
             with
             his
             Company
             ,
             than
             he
             could
             oblige
             them
             with
             his
             Writings
             ,
             though
             they
             were
             never
             so
             considerable
             .
             Such
             People
             seem
             to
             
             owe
             their
             parts
             to
             their
             ill
             Temper
             :
             Their
             Industry
             is
             malicious
             ,
             and
             they
             have
             taken
             pains
             not
             so
             much
             to
             oblige
             the
             World
             ,
             as
             to
             get
             an
             Opportunity
             of
             trampling
             upon
             their
             Inferiours
             .
             Had
             they
             been
             good-natured
             ,
             they
             would
             have
             been
             as
             dull
             and
             insignificant
             as
             their
             Neighbours
             .
             But
             their
             imperious
             Carriage
             is
             just
             as
             reasonable
             as
             it
             would
             have
             been
             for
             the
             old
             Athletae
             to
             have
             drudged
             hard
             in
             Eating
             and
             Exercise
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             employ
             their
             Bulk
             and
             Activity
             in
             beating
             every
             one
             who
             was
             weaker
             ,
             and
             less
             skilful
             than
             themselves
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             By
             your
             discourse
             you
             seem
             to
             mistake
             the
             matter
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             weigh
             things
             rightly
             .
             'T
             is
             not
             Superiority
             that
             these
             Gentlemen
             of
             Learning
             are
             so
             solicitous
             about
             ;
             't
             is
             not
             personal
             Advantage
             which
             they
             chiefly
             intend
             by
             their
             Reservedness
             :
             They
             have
             no
             doubt
             a
             more
             publick
             and
             generous
             Design
             ;
             for
             you
             may
             observe
             they
             usually
             bear
             hardest
             upon
             those
             of
             their
             own
             Order
             and
             Profession
             ,
             which
             is
             nothing
             but
             a
             forced
             and
             politick
             stateliness
             for
             the
             promoting
             of
             Knowledg
             in
             others
             .
             The
             young
             Fry
             ,
             whether
             you
             know
             it
             or
             not
             ,
             must
             be
             held
             at
             a
             Distance
             ,
             and
             kept
             under
             the
             Discipline
             of
             Contempt
             .
             If
             you
             give
             them
             any
             tolerable
             Quarter
             ,
             you
             indulge
             them
             in
             their
             Idleness
             ,
             and
             ruin
             them
             to
             all
             intents
             and
             purposes
             .
             For
             who
             would
             be
             at
             the
             trouble
             of
             
             Learning
             ,
             when
             he
             finds
             his
             Ignorance
             is
             caressed
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             is
             easie
             and
             acceptable
             enough
             in
             the
             Company
             of
             the
             best
             Authors
             of
             the
             Town
             ?
             But
             when
             you
             brow-beat
             them
             and
             maul
             them
             ,
             you
             make
             them
             Men
             for
             ever
             ;
             for
             
               Vexatio
               dat
               intellectum
            
             ;
             though
             they
             have
             no
             natural
             Metal
             ,
             yet
             if
             they
             are
             spurred
             and
             kicked
             they
             will
             mend
             their
             pace
             ,
             if
             they
             have
             any
             feeling
             .
             Such
             rigorous
             usage
             will
             make
             them
             study
             night
             and
             day
             to
             get
             out
             of
             this
             ignominious
             Condition
             ,
             in
             hopes
             that
             it
             may
             come
             to
             their
             own
             turn
             to
             be
             proud
             one
             day
             .
             Take
             my
             word
             for
             it
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             such
             way
             to
             make
             a
             Scholar
             ,
             as
             to
             keep
             him
             under
             while
             he
             is
             young
             ,
             or
             unpreferred
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Notwithstanding
             your
             Flourish
             I
             can't
             perswade
             my self
             that
             this
             Dispensation
             of
             Pride
             is
             so
             mighty
             useful
             as
             you
             pretend
             .
             I
             should
             think
             such
             an
             untoward
             management
             of
             any
             Accomplishment
             should
             rather
             discourage
             others
             from
             attempting
             such
             dangerous
             circumstances
             .
             If
             Sense
             and
             Learning
             are
             such
             unsociable
             imperious
             things
             ,
             a
             good-natured
             Man
             ought
             to
             take
             especial
             care
             not
             to
             improve
             too
             fast
             .
             He
             ought
             to
             keep
             down
             the
             growth
             of
             his
             Reason
             ,
             and
             curb
             his
             Intellectuals
             when
             he
             finds
             them
             ready
             to
             outstrip
             his
             Neighbours
             .
             I
             assure
             you
             ,
             if
             I
             was
             of
             your
             opinion
             ,
             and
             thought
             my self
             near
             the
             temptation
             to
             so
             much
             ill
             humour
             ,
             I
             would
             never
             look
             on
             a
             Book
             again
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Come
             when
             you
             have
             said
             all
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             keeping
             up
             the
             Credit
             of
             Learning
             without
             that
             which
             you
             call
             a
             reserved
             behaviour
             .
             For
             if
             those
             who
             are
             eminent
             this
             way
             should
             condescend
             to
             those
             Familiarities
             which
             you
             seem
             to
             desire
             ,
             the
             honour
             of
             their
             Profession
             would
             suffer
             much
             by
             it
             ;
             if
             they
             should
             converse
             upon
             the
             Level
             ,
             the
             veneration
             which
             their
             Inferiours
             have
             for
             them
             would
             quickly
             wear
             off
             :
             And
             if
             the
             vulgar
             observed
             there
             was
             no
             distinction
             kept
             up
             amongst
             the
             Men
             of
             Letters
             ;
             they
             would
             suspect
             there
             was
             nothing
             extraordinary
             in
             any
             of
             them
             .
             Pray
             who
             are
             supposed
             to
             be
             the
             best
             Judges
             of
             Learning
             ,
             those
             who
             have
             it
             or
             others
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No
             doubt
             those
             who
             have
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Then
             if
             they
             seem
             to
             undervalue
             it
             themselves
             ,
             is
             not
             this
             the
             way
             to
             bring
             it
             into
             a
             general
             disrepute
             ?
             I
             tell
             you
             once
             again
             ,
             if
             the
             privileges
             of
             Merit
             are
             not
             insisted
             upon
             all
             ,
             must
             go
             to
             wrack
             .
             If
             a
             Man
             who
             has
             digested
             all
             the
             Fathers
             ,
             and
             is
             ready
             to
             add
             himself
             to
             the
             Number
             ,
             shews
             any
             tolerable
             countenance
             to
             one
             who
             has
             scarce
             rubbed
             through
             Ignatius
             ,
             and
             lets
             a
             pure
             English
             Divine
             to
             go
             cheek
             by
             jole
             with
             him
             ,
             the
             Commonwealth
             of
             Learning
             will
             grow
             almost
             as
             contemptible
             as
             that
             of
             the
             Pigmies
             ,
             and
             be
             only
             fit
             to
             write
             Romances
             upon
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             shall
             not
             enquire
             how
             far
             this
             lofty
             method
             may
             advance
             the
             Reputation
             of
             Learning
             ,
             but
             I
             am
             pretty
             sure
             it
             's
             no
             great
             addition
             to
             theirs
             who
             use
             it
             ;
             for
             it
             only
             makes
             others
             more
             inquisitive
             into
             their
             defects
             ,
             and
             more
             inclinable
             to
             expose
             them
             .
             If
             they
             take
             them
             tardy
             they
             endeavour
             to
             humble
             them
             by
             way
             of
             Reprizal
             .
             Those
             slips
             and
             mismanagements
             are
             usually
             ridiculed
             and
             aggravated
             ,
             when
             such
             Persons
             are
             guilty
             of
             them
             ,
             which
             would
             be
             overlooked
             or
             excused
             in
             others
             of
             a
             more
             modest
             and
             affable
             Conversation
             .
             If
             they
             happen
             to
             be
             found
             inconsistent
             with
             themselves
             :
             If
             their
             vanity
             of
             appearing
             singular
             puts
             them
             upon
             advancing
             Paradoxes
             ,
             and
             proving
             them
             as
             Paradoxically
             .
             If
             a
             presumption
             upon
             their
             own
             strength
             ,
             and
             a
             desire
             of
             greater
             triumph
             makes
             them
             venture
             too
             far
             into
             the
             enemies
             Quarters
             ,
             and
             take
             up
             a
             Post
             which
             they
             can't
             maintain
             ;
             they
             are
             usually
             laught
             at
             for
             their
             folly
             and
             left
             to
             shift
             for
             themselves
             ;
             for
             Pride
             never
             has
             any
             friends
             ,
             and
             all
             Men
             are
             glad
             of
             a
             just
             occasion
             to
             lessen
             his
             Reputation
             who
             makes
             such
             an
             ill-natured
             use
             of
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             conceive
             you
             harp
             a
             little
             too
             much
             upon
             one
             string
             :
             do
             you
             think
             the
             inferiour
             Clergy
             for
             whom
             you
             are
             now
             pleading
             ,
             are
             discouraged
             by
             none
             but
             those
             of
             their
             own
             Profession
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No
             ,
             I
             grant
             there
             is
             another
             sort
             of
             People
             who
             use
             them
             with
             neglect
             enough
             :
             But
             then
             they
             are
             somewhat
             more
             to
             be
             excused
             .
             They
             have
             not
             such
             fair
             opportunities
             to
             understand
             the
             just
             pretences
             of
             a
             liberal
             Education
             ,
             and
             a
             Religious
             employment
             .
             They
             are
             apt
             to
             fall
             under
             unfortunate
             hands
             in
             their
             minority
             :
             The
             vanity
             of
             their
             Parents
             ,
             and
             the
             Knavery
             of
             Flatterers
             often
             gives
             them
             a
             wrong
             notion
             of
             themselves
             ,
             and
             makes
             them
             admire
             nothing
             but
             Wealt
             hand
             Greatness
             ,
             and
             think
             no
             condition
             deserves
             regard
             but
             that
             which
             resembles
             their
             own
             .
             Besides
             their
             neglect
             looks
             less
             unaccountably
             by
             reason
             of
             their
             Quality
             ,
             and
             their
             Breeding
             makes
             their
             Pride
             sit
             more
             decently
             upon
             them
             .
             They
             usually
             contemn
             with
             a
             better
             Grace
             than
             others
             :
             for
             there
             is
             a
             great
             deal
             of
             Art
             and
             Mystery
             in
             Pride
             to
             manage
             it
             handsomely
             :
             A
             man
             might
             almost
             as
             soon
             learn
             a
             Trade
             :
             and
             if
             we
             observe
             we
             shall
             find
             that
             those
             who
             were
             not
             brought
             up
             to
             it
             ,
             seldom
             prove
             their
             Crafts-master
             or
             practise
             with
             any
             sort
             of
             address
             .
             To
             which
             I
             may
             add
             ,
             that
             such
             Persons
             are
             usually
             willing
             to
             pay
             for
             their
             imperiousness
             ,
             so
             that
             a
             Man
             is
             not
             made
             a
             Fool
             for
             nothing
             .
             But
             when
             this
             lofty
             humour
             is
             clumsily
             and
             inartificially
             managed
             ,
             when
             it
             's
             affected
             by
             those
             of
             a
             self-denying
             and
             mortified
             Profession
             ,
             and
             who
             get
             their
             Living
             by
             declaiming
             against
             
             it
             .
             When
             it
             's
             taken
             up
             by
             Men
             of
             Sense
             ,
             who
             may
             well
             be
             expected
             to
             see
             through
             the
             folly
             of
             this
             Vice
             ,
             and
             who
             generally
             have
             not
             those
             pretences
             of
             a
             byassed
             Education
             to
             misguide
             them
             :
             especially
             when
             they
             play
             it
             upon
             Persons
             of
             their
             own
             Order
             who
             were
             born
             and
             bred
             to
             as
             fair
             Expectations
             of
             Regard
             as
             themselves
             ,
             and
             are
             sometimes
             their
             Inferiours
             in
             nothing
             so
             much
             as
             in
             Success
             ;
             this
             is
             such
             a
             singular
             Practice
             that
             I
             had
             rather
             leave
             it
             undescribed
             than
             be
             forced
             to
             give
             it
             its
             proper
             Character
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             believe
             you
             will
             be
             willing
             to
             abate
             ,
             if
             not
             to
             retract
             your
             censure
             when
             you
             consider
             that
             these
             Gentlemen
             of
             the
             Gown
             ,
             whom
             you
             think
             too
             much
             depressed
             ,
             are
             many
             of
             them
             Curates
             ;
             and
             is
             it
             not
             very
             reasonable
             there
             should
             be
             a
             distance
             observed
             between
             Masters
             and
             Servants
             ?
             If
             you
             confound
             these
             two
             Relations
             by
             lavish
             and
             indiscreet
             Familiarities
             ,
             you
             destroy
             the
             respect
             ,
             and
             by
             degrees
             the
             very
             notion
             of
             Superiority
             .
             If
             there
             is
             not
             a
             due
             Homage
             paid
             in
             Conversation
             ,
             those
             who
             are
             in
             a
             state
             of
             subjection
             will
             neither
             know
             their
             Condition
             nor
             their
             Duty
             :
             They
             will
             be
             apt
             to
             forget
             they
             hold
             by
             a
             servile
             Tenure
             ,
             and
             think
             themselves
             enfranchised
             from
             all
             manner
             of
             Suit
             and
             Service
             .
             Besides
             ,
             if
             the
             Parson
             should
             use
             his
             Curate
             with
             that
             freedom
             which
             you
             insinuate
             ,
             as
             if
             there
             was
             neither
             dependence
             
             nor
             obligation
             between
             them
             ;
             this
             might
             be
             of
             very
             ill
             example
             to
             the
             Parish
             ,
             and
             make
             all
             other
             servants
             challenge
             the
             same
             liberty
             ,
             and
             grow
             pert
             upon
             their
             Masters
             :
             And
             when
             this
             Sawciness
             became
             universal
             ,
             as
             it
             's
             likely
             it
             might
             do
             in
             a
             short
             time
             ,
             what
             less
             Mischief
             could
             be
             expected
             from
             it
             ,
             than
             an
             old
             Scythian
             Rebellion
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             confess
             ,
             I
             was
             not
             aware
             the
             being
             of
             Government
             depended
             so
             much
             upon
             the
             distinction
             between
             Rector
             and
             Curate
             ,
             and
             that
             if
             the
             modern
             way
             of
             Distance
             and
             Subordination
             was
             not
             kept
             up
             ,
             we
             must
             presently
             return
             to
             
             Hob's
             state
             of
             Nature
             .
             If
             a
             Curate
             be
             such
             a
             dangerous
             thing
             ,
             that
             a
             little
             civil
             Usage
             to
             him
             is
             ready
             to
             make
             the
             World
             fall
             about
             our
             Ears
             ,
             I
             wonder
             why
             so
             many
             of
             them
             are
             suffered
             .
             Now
             without
             raising
             the
             
               posse
               Comitatus
            
             ,
             if
             the
             Pluralists
             would
             but
             do
             their
             best
             to
             suppress
             them
             ,
             their
             Number
             might
             quickly
             be
             so
             retrenched
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             not
             be
             in
             the
             least
             formidable
             .
             But
             you
             seem
             to
             argue
             all
             this
             while
             upon
             a
             wrong
             Principle
             ,
             you
             take
             it
             for
             granted
             ,
             that
             Curates
             are
             Servants
             ;
             now
             if
             this
             proves
             a
             mistake
             ,
             you
             will
             own
             they
             may
             be
             treated
             with
             a
             little
             more
             freedom
             ,
             without
             any
             danger
             to
             Authority
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Who
             doubts
             of
             their
             being
             Servants
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             do
             ,
             and
             for
             very
             good
             reasons
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             See
             how
             a
             Man
             may
             be
             mistaken
             !
             I
             thought
             the
             English
             of
             Curate
             had
             been
             an
             Ecclesiastical
             Hireling
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No
             such
             matter
             ,
             the
             proper
             import
             of
             the
             Word
             signifies
             one
             who
             has
             the
             Cure
             of
             Souls
             ;
             therefore
             in
             France
             all
             Parochial
             Priests
             are
             called
             Curates
             ,
             as
             they
             are
             likewise
             in
             our
             Rubrick
             and
             Common-Prayer
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             find
             then
             there
             lies
             no
             Servitude
             in
             the
             Name
             ,
             so
             that
             it
             must
             be
             either
             the
             Deputation
             ,
             or
             Salary
             which
             they
             receive
             from
             the
             Instituted
             Priest
             ,
             which
             sinks
             them
             into
             this
             condition
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             That
             there
             is
             no
             Servitude
             in
             either
             of
             these
             ,
             I
             am
             ready
             to
             make
             good
             .
             1.
             
             Not
             in
             the
             Office
             ;
             and
             here
             I
             must
             crave
             leave
             to
             ask
             you
             a
             few
             Questions
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Take
             your
             own
             method
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             What
             in
             your
             apprehension
             is
             a
             Curate's
             Employment
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             To
             serve
             God
             in
             the
             publick
             Offices
             of
             Religion
             ,
             and
             to
             take
             care
             of
             the
             Parish
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Then
             he
             is
             not
             entertained
             to
             serve
             the
             Rector
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Go
             on
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             In
             the
             next
             place
             I
             desire
             to
             know
             whether
             Authority
             is
             not
             essential
             to
             a
             Master
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Who
             questions
             it
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Has
             the
             Curate
             his
             Authority
             to
             Preach
             ,
             and
             Administer
             the
             Sacraments
             from
             the
             Rector
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             No
             ,
             from
             the
             Bishop
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             May
             not
             a
             Master
             turn
             away
             his
             Servants
             when
             he
             pleases
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             think
             so
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             But
             the
             Rector
             has
             no
             power
             to
             remove
             the
             Curate
             after
             he
             is
             Licensed
             and
             Fixed
             by
             the
             Bishop
             .
             To
             sum
             up
             the
             Evidence
             therefore
             ;
             if
             the
             Curate
             was
             not
             entertained
             to
             wait
             upon
             the
             Rector
             ,
             nor
             has
             his
             Authority
             from
             him
             ,
             nor
             can
             be
             removed
             from
             his
             Employment
             ,
             I
             think
             it
             is
             pretty
             plain
             he
             is
             none
             of
             his
             Servant
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Well
             ,
             but
             does
             not
             the
             Parson
             make
             choice
             of
             him
             ,
             and
             pay
             him
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Don't
             a
             Corporation
             choose
             a
             Mayor
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             then
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Pray
             whos
             's
             Servant
             is
             he
             after
             his
             Election
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             None
             but
             the
             Kings
             that
             I
             know
             of
             :
             but
             you
             have
             not
             answered
             the
             latter
             part
             of
             my
             objection
             about
             his
             being
             paid
             by
             the
             Rector
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             If
             you
             had
             not
             called
             for
             my
             answer
             ,
             I
             had
             waved
             it
             for
             your
             sake
             ,
             because
             I
             think
             your
             objection
             borders
             somewhat
             upon
             Treason
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             How
             so
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             ,
             is
             it
             not
             of
             kin
             to
             Treason
             to
             say
             the
             Subjects
             are
             Masters
             over
             the
             Supreme
             Authority
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             If
             Nonsense
             will
             not
             excuse
             a
             Man
             ,
             I
             think
             it
             is
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             But
             your
             Argument
             proves
             the
             King
             a
             Servant
             to
             the
             People
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             How
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Because
             they
             pay
             him
             Taxes
             ,
             and
             that
             among
             other
             reasons
             ,
             by
             way
             of
             acknowledgment
             of
             the
             benefits
             of
             his
             Government
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             may
             shew
             themselves
             willing
             ,
             if
             it
             was
             in
             their
             power
             ,
             to
             requite
             him
             for
             his
             care
             of
             the
             State.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             why
             so
             much
             concerned
             to
             prove
             Curates
             no
             Servants
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Because
             I
             am
             willing
             to
             rescue
             them
             from
             that
             contempt
             ,
             which
             they
             will
             certainly
             fall
             into
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             they
             pass
             under
             this
             notion
             :
             which
             considering
             the
             number
             of
             persons
             Officiating
             ,
             this
             way
             ,
             must
             be
             very
             prejudicial
             to
             Religion
             .
             Besides
             it
             makes
             some
             persons
             ,
             who
             are
             fit
             to
             do
             the
             Church
             service
             ,
             suspend
             themselves
             ,
             and
             shew
             their
             Priesthood
             only
             by
             their
             Habit
             ,
             rather
             than
             serve
             God
             under
             such
             uncreditable
             circumstances
             :
             and
             for
             the
             same
             reason
             others
             are
             tempted
             to
             grow
             too
             fond
             of
             a
             Presentation
             ,
             and
             choose
             rather
             to
             court
             it
             by
             Flattery
             ,
             or
             other
             indirect
             practices
             ,
             than
             be
             condemned
             to
             the
             servile
             condition
             of
             a
             Curate
             .
             For
             let
             me
             tell
             you
             ,
             it
             is
             
             no
             ordinary
             piece
             of
             Self-Denial
             ,
             for
             a
             Man
             of
             a
             generous
             Education
             ,
             who
             has
             been
             trained
             up
             all
             along
             to
             Freedom
             and
             good
             Usage
             ,
             to
             be
             degraded
             in
             his
             Manhood
             ,
             when
             the
             mind
             is
             most
             in
             love
             with
             Liberty
             ,
             and
             to
             enter
             upon
             Business
             with
             marks
             of
             disadvantage
             ,
             when
             he
             stands
             most
             in
             need
             of
             Reputation
             .
             To
             my
             thinking
             this
             is
             a
             very
             discouraging
             and
             preposterous
             way
             of
             Educating
             the
             Clergy
             .
             If
             a
             Man
             must
             go
             to
             service
             ,
             he
             had
             better
             begin
             with
             it
             as
             they
             do
             in
             Trades
             ,
             and
             not
             be
             Master
             at
             first
             ,
             and
             then
             be
             forced
             to
             turn
             Apprentice
             ,
             or
             Journyman
             afterwards
             .
             Of
             such
             ill
             consequence
             it
             is
             to
             miscal
             things
             ,
             and
             as
             Plato
             observes
             ,
             that
             an
             alteration
             of
             the
             Notes
             in
             Musick
             is
             apt
             to
             produce
             an
             Innovation
             in
             the
             Laws
             and
             Customs
             of
             a
             Country
             :
             so
             by
             changing
             the
             names
             of
             Offices
             for
             others
             of
             less
             Repute
             ,
             we
             change
             the
             Uses
             and
             Designs
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             less
             satisfactory
             to
             those
             engaged
             ,
             and
             less
             serviceable
             to
             the
             Publick
             than
             they
             would
             have
             been
             ,
             if
             the
             Character
             of
             their
             Institution
             had
             been
             kept
             up
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Granting
             at
             present
             what
             you
             say
             to
             be
             true
             ,
             yet
             a
             Curate
             seems
             to
             lie
             under
             another
             disadvantage
             ,
             which
             makes
             him
             considered
             with
             Abatement
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             What
             is
             that
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Why
             ,
             People
             are
             apt
             to
             fancy
             that
             it
             is
             the
             want
             either
             of
             Parts
             or
             Conduct
             ,
             which
             keeps
             him
             without
             a
             Patron
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             If
             People
             think
             so
             ,
             I
             am
             sorry
             their
             Sense
             and
             Charity
             is
             no
             greater
             ;
             for
             if
             they
             examined
             things
             fairly
             ,
             they
             would
             find
             that
             the
             being
             a
             Curate
             is
             no
             Argument
             of
             a
             Mans
             insignificancy
             ,
             nor
             any
             just
             blemish
             to
             his
             Reputation
             .
             For
             it
             is
             often
             the
             integrity
             and
             generous
             temper
             of
             his
             mind
             which
             hinders
             him
             from
             a
             better
             Provision
             ;
             it
             is
             because
             he
             will
             not
             flatter
             the
             Pride
             of
             some
             ,
             nor
             keep
             pace
             with
             the
             Bigottry
             of
             others
             :
             because
             he
             will
             neither
             court
             Greatness
             nor
             Faction
             ,
             nor
             make
             himself
             popular
             to
             the
             disadvantage
             of
             his
             Audience
             .
             Because
             he
             cannot
             digest
             a
             Simoniacal
             Contract
             ,
             nor
             charge
             through
             Perjury
             with
             the
             courage
             of
             an
             Evidence
             .
             In
             short
             ,
             it
             is
             his
             plain
             and
             impartial
             dealing
             with
             the
             People
             ,
             his
             resolution
             to
             preserve
             the
             Decency
             of
             his
             Character
             ,
             and
             the
             Innocence
             of
             his
             Conscience
             which
             bars
             his
             promotion
             :
             so
             that
             if
             he
             was
             mean
             enough
             to
             complain
             ,
             he
             might
             have
             the
             satisfaction
             to
             apply
             this
             Sentence
             of
             Tully
             to
             himself
             ,
             
               Non
               nos
               vitia
               sed
               virtutes
               afflixerunt
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             a
             broad
             Innuendo
             is
             here
             upon
             the
             beneficed
             Clergy
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             glad
             you
             have
             given
             me
             an
             opportunity
             of
             explaining
             my self
             .
             My
             meaning
             is
             not
             that
             those
             who
             are
             possessed
             of
             Livings
             have
             gained
             them
             ,
             by
             such
             indirect
             Courses
             :
             God
             forbid
             !
             I
             only
             say
             ,
             that
             all
             Men
             are
             not
             so
             lucky
             as
             to
             have
             the
             offer
             of
             fair
             
             Conditions
             ,
             and
             those
             who
             have
             not
             ,
             must
             be
             Curates
             if
             they
             will
             be
             honest
             ;
             or
             else
             lay
             by
             the
             use
             of
             their
             Priesthood
             ,
             which
             I
             am
             afraid
             is
             not
             very
             accountable
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             confess
             you
             have
             brought
             your self
             off
             well
             enough
             :
             But
             now
             I
             think
             on
             't
             you
             must
             try
             to
             maintain
             the
             liberty
             of
             your
             Curate
             a
             little
             more
             convincingly
             .
             For
             some
             say
             there
             lies
             Prescription
             and
             immemorial
             Custom
             against
             it
             ,
             and
             then
             you
             know
             he
             is
             a
             Servant
             by
             Common
             Law.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Not
             at
             all
             :
             For
             as
             we
             are
             lately
             told
             by
             a
             great
             Lawyer
             ,
             Prescription
             is
             good
             for
             nothing
             where
             there
             are
             any
             Records
             to
             the
             contrary
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             Records
             can
             you
             produce
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             ,
             to
             mention
             no
             more
             ,
             the
             18th
             of
             the
             Apostles
             Canons
             ,
             and
             the
             80th
             of
             the
             Council
             of
             Eliberis
             ,
             are
             ,
             I
             think
             ,
             considerable
             Evidence
             ;
             the
             first
             of
             which
             forbids
             the
             ordaining
             of
             those
             who
             had
             married
             a
             Servant
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             excludes
             manumized
             Persons
             ,
             while
             their
             Patrons
             were
             living
             ,
             from
             the
             Priesthood
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Say
             you
             so
             ?
             Then
             I
             fancy
             those
             who
             drew
             up
             Queen
             Elizabeths
             Injunctions
             knew
             nothing
             of
             this
             piece
             of
             Antiquity
             you
             mention
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Your
             Reason
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Because
             by
             those
             Injunctions
             a
             Clergy-man
             could
             not
             lawfully
             marry
             till
             he
             had
             
             gone
             and
             made
             his
             complaint
             against
             Celibacy
             ,
             before
             two
             Justices
             of
             the
             Peace
             ,
             and
             gained
             their
             consent
             ,
             and
             the
             
               good
               will
               of
               the
               Master
               ,
               or
               Mistriss
               where
               the
               Damsel
               served
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             And
             then
             I
             suppose
             if
             he
             could
             not
             prevail
             by
             his
             Rhetorick
             they
             gave
             him
             a
             Warrant
             to
             distrein
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Or
             possibly
             if
             he
             courted
             in
             
               forma
               pauperis
            
             they
             assigned
             him
             a
             Wife
             gratis
             out
             of
             an
             Hospital
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Upon
             my
             word
             this
             Order
             ,
             take
             it
             which
             way
             you
             will
             ,
             has
             a
             singular
             aspect
             ,
             and
             looks
             as
             if
             it
             intended
             to
             put
             the
             Clergy
             in
             mind
             ,
             that
             they
             ought
             not
             to
             aspire
             above
             an
             Abigail
             .
             Certainly
             Discretion
             and
             Merit
             ran
             very
             low
             in
             the
             Church
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             or
             else
             ,
             some
             People
             were
             willing
             to
             make
             the
             Nation
             believe
             so
             .
             But
             to
             return
             to
             the
             Canons
             ,
             the
             design
             of
             which
             was
             to
             secure
             the
             Reputation
             of
             the
             Clergy
             ;
             but
             according
             to
             the
             modern
             opinion
             ,
             this
             provision
             signifies
             nothing
             ;
             for
             if
             a
             man
             must
             go
             to
             Service
             after
             he
             is
             in
             Orders
             ,
             had
             he
             not
             as
             good
             do
             it
             before
             ?
             In
             your
             sence
             he
             often
             only
             changes
             his
             Lay
             for
             an
             Ecclesiastical
             Master
             ,
             which
             sometimes
             might
             be
             so
             far
             from
             an
             advantage
             that
             it
             would
             make
             the
             Servitude
             the
             more
             uneasie
             ,
             by
             being
             subjected
             to
             one
             no
             more
             than
             equal
             to
             himself
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             grant
             you
             in
             the
             Primitive
             Times
             the
             advantage
             of
             Priesthood
             was
             equally
             shared
             
             among
             all
             the
             Order
             ,
             and
             none
             of
             that
             Character
             had
             any
             Superiority
             over
             another
             .
             For
             then
             the
             Revenues
             of
             the
             Church
             consisted
             only
             in
             the
             voluntary
             Offerings
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             which
             were
             all
             deposited
             with
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             who
             assigned
             every
             one
             his
             respective
             portion
             ;
             so
             that
             no
             Priest
             had
             any
             dependence
             upon
             another
             for
             his
             maintenance
             ;
             but
             now
             the
             case
             is
             otherwise
             ,
             and
             a
             man
             ought
             to
             be
             subject
             to
             him
             that
             supports
             him
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             It
             's
             somewhat
             hard
             ,
             that
             the
             bare
             alteration
             of
             the
             Church
             Revenues
             should
             make
             so
             wide
             a
             difference
             between
             those
             who
             were
             equal
             before
             ;
             that
             a
             man
             must
             lose
             his
             freedom
             only
             for
             want
             of
             a
             Presentation
             ,
             and
             he
             made
             a
             Servant
             because
             he
             does
             not
             take
             Tithes
             ,
             though
             he
             has
             as
             much
             spiritual
             Authority
             as
             if
             he
             did
             .
             But
             I
             perceive
             you
             think
             there
             is
             no
             consideration
             equivalent
             to
             a
             little
             money
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             who
             receives
             it
             must
             be
             no
             longer
             at
             his
             own
             disposal
             ,
             though
             he
             makes
             never
             so
             valuable
             a
             return
             .
             Since
             therefore
             you
             insist
             so
             much
             upon
             maintenance
             ,
             what
             if
             it
             appears
             that
             the
             Curate
             maintains
             the
             Parson
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             That
             would
             be
             strange
             indeed
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             To
             what
             end
             were
             the
             Church
             Revenues
             intended
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             To
             keep
             up
             the
             worship
             of
             God.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Which
             way
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             By
             settling
             a
             competent
             maintenance
             upon
             the
             Ministers
             of
             Religion
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             be
             in
             the
             better
             capacity
             to
             discharge
             their
             Office
             ,
             and
             not
             be
             obliged
             to
             lose
             their
             time
             ,
             and
             lessen
             their
             Character
             ,
             by
             engaging
             in
             Labourious
             or
             Mechanical
             Employments
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             By
             your
             arguing
             there
             should
             be
             something
             for
             them
             to
             do
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Yes
             ,
             they
             are
             to
             take
             care
             of
             that
             Precinct
             to
             which
             their
             Endowment
             is
             annex'd
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             hope
             you
             don't
             mean
             not
             to
             come
             at
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             mean
             they
             are
             to
             take
             care
             of
             the
             performance
             of
             the
             duties
             of
             their
             Office.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Then
             ought
             not
             he
             to
             have
             the
             Revenues
             who
             performs
             these
             Duties
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             not
             willing
             to
             grant
             that
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Have
             a
             care
             of
             denying
             the
             conclusion
             ;
             you
             grant
             the
             Revenues
             of
             the
             Church
             were
             designed
             for
             the
             support
             of
             the
             Clergy
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Yes
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Of
             what
             Clergy
             ?
             Those
             who
             live
             many
             miles
             distant
             from
             the
             Premises
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             No
             ,
             I
             'm
             afraid
             they
             were
             intended
             for
             those
             who
             live
             upon
             the
             place
             ,
             otherwise
             methinks
             Endowments
             are
             a
             very
             slender
             Provision
             for
             the
             benefit
             of
             the
             Parish
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Then
             if
             the
             Curate
             does
             all
             the
             work
             ,
             ought
             he
             not
             to
             have
             the
             reward
             for
             
             his
             pains
             ?
             In
             short
             ,
             either
             he
             is
             qualified
             to
             undertake
             the
             Parish
             or
             not
             ;
             if
             not
             ,
             with
             what
             sincerity
             can
             he
             be
             employed
             ?
             If
             he
             is
             qualified
             ,
             why
             is
             he
             barred
             the
             profit
             when
             he
             only
             performs
             the
             Conditions
             upon
             which
             they
             were
             settled
             ,
             when
             none
             but
             himself
             answers
             the
             design
             they
             were
             intended
             for
             ?
             To
             speak
             properly
             ,
             the
             Rector
             seems
             to
             live
             out
             of
             the
             labours
             of
             another
             ,
             he
             is
             maintained
             by
             the
             perquisites
             of
             the
             Curates
             Office
             ;
             and
             therefore
             is
             in
             effect
             but
             a
             kind
             of
             Pensioner
             to
             him
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             see
             you
             are
             an
             everlasting
             Leveller
             ,
             you
             won't
             allow
             any
             encouragement
             to
             extraordinary
             Industry
             and
             Merit
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             You
             mistake
             me
             .
             I
             would
             have
             the
             best
             men
             have
             the
             best
             Livings
             ,
             but
             then
             before
             we
             go
             to
             doubling
             of
             Preferments
             ,
             possibly
             it
             were
             not
             amiss
             to
             examine
             whether
             the
             number
             of
             Benefices
             exceeds
             the
             Persons
             who
             are
             capable
             of
             them
             .
             Let
             us
             first
             examine
             whether
             they
             will
             hold
             out
             one
             apiece
             ,
             and
             when
             every
             man
             has
             one
             ,
             then
             the
             supernumerary
             Livings
             may
             be
             divided
             amongst
             those
             who
             are
             most
             deserving
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             In
             good
             time
             ,
             when
             it
             's
             likely
             there
             there
             will
             be
             none
             left
             !
             Now
             do
             you
             imagine
             the
             Church
             can
             be
             defended
             against
             her
             Adversaries
             by
             the
             strength
             of
             a
             single
             Parsonage
             ?
             But
             it
             may
             be
             you
             will
             say
             all
             our
             Plurality-men
             are
             not
             Writers
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No
             ,
             nor
             Readers
             neither
             .
             Besides
             ,
             we
             may
             observe
             that
             Heresie
             and
             Schism
             were
             very
             successfully
             combated
             before
             Unions
             ,
             Dispensations
             ,
             and
             Consolidations
             were
             heard
             of
             .
             If
             you
             consult
             Father
             
             Paul's
             History
             of
             the
             Council
             of
             Trent
             ,
             (
             p.
             216.
             )
             he
             will
             inform
             you
             that
             Non-residence
             and
             Pluralities
             are
             things
             of
             no
             very
             primitive
             establishment
             .
             I
             confess
             some
             of
             the
             Lay-managers
             of
             our
             Reformation
             have
             not
             been
             over-kind
             to
             the
             Church
             ,
             so
             that
             Affairs
             are
             not
             in
             so
             good
             a
             posture
             as
             they
             might
             have
             been
             :
             But
             God
             be
             thanked
             there
             is
             still
             some
             provision
             left
             for
             the
             Ornament
             and
             Defence
             of
             Religion
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             Provision
             do
             you
             mean
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             ,
             to
             speak
             to
             your
             Case
             ,
             there
             are
             Dignities
             ,
             to
             which
             those
             Gentlemen
             who
             are
             prepared
             to
             engage
             in
             the
             Controversie
             have
             a
             good
             right
             :
             And
             with
             submission
             to
             better
             Judgments
             ,
             I
             think
             it
             would
             not
             be
             amiss
             if
             all
             dignified
             Persons
             held
             their
             Preferments
             by
             a
             new
             Tenure
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             Tenure
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             By
             Knights
             Service
             ;
             pursuant
             to
             which
             they
             should
             be
             obliged
             to
             draw
             their
             Pens
             in
             the
             Cause
             ,
             when
             ever
             their
             Superiours
             required
             them
             :
             to
             appear
             in
             the
             Field
             upon
             an
             Invasion
             with
             their
             Quota
             ,
             and
             in
             short
             ,
             to
             maintain
             any
             Post
             that
             shall
             be
             assigned
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             if
             a
             man
             has
             not
             a
             mind
             to
             quarrel
             ,
             must
             he
             be
             turn'd
             out
             of
             his
             Dignity
             for
             being
             of
             a
             peaceable
             Disposition
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Those
             peaceable
             men
             you
             speak
             of
             ,
             are
             none
             of
             the
             most
             useful
             in
             a
             time
             of
             War
             ,
             and
             therefore
             a
             smaller
             Gratification
             should
             content
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             if
             they
             are
             disabled
             by
             age
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Then
             they
             should
             be
             continued
             for
             their
             past
             Services
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Truly
             this
             is
             a
             good
             probable
             Expedient
             to
             keep
             the
             Church
             Militia
             in
             Discipline
             ,
             and
             might
             for
             ought
             I
             know
             ,
             very
             much
             improve
             the
             
               noble
               Science
               of
               Controversie
            
             .
             But
             to
             return
             to
             the
             old
             Argument
             ,
             if
             you
             intend
             to
             bring
             me
             over
             to
             your
             opinion
             of
             the
             Curate
             ,
             you
             must
             clear
             the
             business
             of
             his
             Salary
             a
             little
             better
             ,
             for
             I
             am
             afraid
             where
             he
             has
             his
             money
             he
             ought
             to
             own
             he
             has
             his
             Master
             too
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             confess
             there
             would
             be
             a
             great
             deal
             in
             what
             you
             say
             ,
             if
             the
             Rector
             had
             the
             right
             of
             Coinage
             .
             If
             the
             Money
             had
             his
             Image
             ,
             and
             Superscription
             upon
             it
             ,
             the
             Curate's
             taking
             it
             for
             currant
             ,
             would
             conclude
             him
             under
             his
             Jurisdiction
             :
             but
             that
             the
             bare
             receiving
             a
             sum
             should
             sink
             a
             Man
             into
             a
             servile
             state
             ,
             is
             past
             my
             comprehension
             .
             For
             considering
             that
             Mony
             is
             a
             thing
             of
             such
             quality
             ,
             and
             sovereign
             sway
             in
             the
             World
             ,
             one
             would
             imagine
             it
             should
             bring
             Power
             
             and
             Reputation
             along
             with
             it
             ,
             and
             rather
             enlarge
             than
             abridge
             a
             Man's
             Liberty
             by
             receiving
             it
             .
             And
             to
             mention
             nothing
             farther
             ,
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             Contract
             between
             the
             Rector
             and
             Curate
             ,
             is
             sufficient
             to
             give
             you
             satisfaction
             ;
             for
             there
             ,
             as
             has
             been
             observed
             ,
             the
             Curate
             undertakes
             no
             other
             Employment
             but
             the
             Instruction
             and
             Government
             of
             the
             Parish
             .
             There
             is
             no
             attendance
             upon
             the
             Parson
             ,
             no
             running
             upon
             his
             Errands
             ,
             nor
             subjection
             to
             his
             Humour
             indented
             for
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Methinks
             it
             is
             a
             little
             hard
             a
             Curate
             must
             not
             be
             called
             a
             Servant
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             a
             Cook
             ,
             or
             a
             Footman
             ,
             since
             he
             has
             Wages
             as
             much
             as
             the
             other
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Possibly
             not
             always
             so
             much
             neither
             ;
             but
             waving
             that
             ,
             if
             you
             had
             remembred
             what
             I
             urged
             to
             you
             before
             ,
             this
             Objection
             would
             have
             been
             no
             difficulty
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             was
             that
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             ,
             that
             the
             Curate
             is
             to
             wait
             upon
             none
             but
             God
             Almighty
             ,
             that
             the
             manage
             of
             his
             Employment
             is
             not
             prescribed
             by
             the
             Rector
             ,
             but
             by
             the
             Rubrick
             and
             Constitutions
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             is
             not
             removeable
             at
             pleasure
             .
             I
             suppose
             by
             this
             time
             you
             apprehend
             there
             is
             a
             difference
             between
             him
             and
             a
             Footman
             ,
             or
             a
             Steward
             either
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Well!
             Notwithstanding
             your
             subtlety
             ,
             this
             notion
             of
             Wages
             sticks
             in
             my
             Stomach
             still
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             wonder
             the
             glitter
             of
             a
             little
             Mony
             should
             dazle
             your
             Eyes
             at
             that
             rate
             ,
             that
             you
             cannot
             see
             so
             plain
             a
             distinction
             .
             You
             don't
             seem
             to
             understand
             Commerce
             ,
             if
             you
             think
             that
             something
             of
             Authority
             and
             Dominion
             is
             always
             given
             in
             exchange
             for
             Mony.
             Now
             I
             am
             of
             Diogenes
             his
             mind
             ,
             and
             believe
             it
             possible
             for
             one
             to
             buy
             a
             Master
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             a
             Servant
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             As
             how
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             ,
             for
             the
             purpose
             ,
             if
             a
             person
             of
             twenty
             one
             puts
             himself
             Apprentice
             to
             another
             ,
             you
             know
             this
             is
             seldom
             done
             without
             charge
             :
             now
             what
             does
             a
             Man
             do
             in
             this
             case
             but
             purchase
             his
             subjection
             ,
             and
             hire
             himself
             a
             drubbing
             upon
             occasion
             ?
             To
             give
             one
             instance
             more
             .
             When
             a
             Woman
             of
             Fortune
             marries
             a
             Man
             with
             nothing
             ,
             does
             she
             not
             give
             him
             Meat
             ,
             Drink
             ,
             and
             Wages
             to
             govern
             her
             ?
             And
             to
             end
             this
             dispute
             ,
             you
             know
             Physicians
             ,
             and
             Lawyers
             ,
             and
             Judges
             ,
             have
             Fees
             or
             Wages
             ,
             either
             given
             ,
             or
             assigned
             them
             by
             Law
             ,
             without
             being
             thought
             Servants
             to
             those
             they
             are
             concerned
             with
             .
             Now
             ,
             what
             reason
             is
             there
             a
             Curate
             should
             have
             worse
             luck
             with
             his
             Mony
             than
             other
             People
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             To
             deal
             plainly
             ,
             I
             suppose
             it
             is
             because
             he
             does
             not
             get
             enough
             of
             it
             .
             If
             his
             Fees
             were
             as
             considerable
             as
             any
             of
             those
             Gentlemen
             you
             speak
             of
             ,
             I
             question
             not
             but
             his
             Office
             would
             be
             much
             more
             reputable
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Well
             guessed
             ,
             and
             therefore
             what
             Character
             do
             they
             deserve
             who
             confine
             him
             to
             this
             scandalous
             Pittance
             .
             I
             believe
             you
             can
             scarcely
             name
             any
             sort
             of
             Injustice
             which
             has
             a
             more
             malignant
             influence
             upon
             Religion
             than
             this
             oppresion
             of
             Curates
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Why
             so
             Tragical
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Because
             their
             Poverty
             exposes
             them
             to
             Contempt
             ,
             which
             renders
             their
             Instructions
             insignificant
             ,
             and
             which
             is
             worse
             ,
             makes
             them
             less
             considerable
             in
             themselves
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             in
             the
             opinion
             of
             others
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             hope
             Poverty
             is
             no
             crime
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No
             ,
             but
             it
             's
             a
             scurvy
             temptation
             ,
             especially
             to
             those
             who
             have
             lived
             freely
             ,
             and
             been
             bred
             to
             better
             Expectations
             .
             For
             when
             a
             man
             finds
             his
             hopes
             disappointed
             ,
             himself
             unsupported
             ,
             and
             topp'd
             upon
             by
             Persons
             of
             meaner
             Pretences
             and
             Employments
             ;
             this
             is
             apt
             to
             pall
             his
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             check
             the
             courage
             of
             his
             thoughts
             ,
             so
             that
             his
             Compositions
             and
             Fortune
             will
             seem
             to
             be
             much
             of
             a
             piece
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             thought
             strait
             circumstances
             had
             been
             none
             of
             the
             worst
             promoters
             of
             Learning
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             old
             saying
             ,
             
               Ingenii
               largitor
               Venter
            
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             grant
             there
             is
             some
             truth
             in
             your
             observation
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             is
             Want
             which
             often
             reconciles
             men
             to
             Labour
             and
             Letters
             ;
             but
             this
             is
             at
             their
             first
             setting
             out
             ,
             when
             though
             
             they
             have
             not
             gained
             their
             point
             ,
             yet
             they
             are
             full
             of
             hopes
             ,
             which
             pricks
             them
             on
             ,
             and
             puts
             them
             upon
             their
             utmost
             .
             but
             after
             they
             are
             once
             qualified
             for
             success
             ,
             and
             find
             their
             industry
             discouraged
             ,
             this
             makes
             them
             sink
             in
             the
             socket
             ,
             and
             fret
             away
             their
             strength
             and
             Spirits
             ;
             so
             that
             either
             out
             of
             impotence
             ,
             or
             disgust
             ,
             or
             dispair
             ,
             they
             give
             over
             the
             fruitless
             pursuit
             ,
             and
             seldom
             make
             any
             generous
             attempt
             ever
             after
             .
             'T
             is
             true
             ,
             there
             are
             some
             hardy
             souls
             that
             won't
             be
             beaten
             off
             by
             ill
             usage
             ,
             but
             these
             are
             very
             rarely
             to
             be
             met
             with
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Then
             you
             think
             there
             would
             be
             a
             strange
             improvement
             in
             the
             unbeneficed
             Clergy
             ,
             if
             they
             had
             a
             better
             Salary
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Yes
             ;
             I
             think
             they
             would
             have
             more
             Books
             ,
             and
             more
             Learning
             ,
             and
             more
             Credit
             .
             They
             would
             not
             be
             so
             easily
             obliged
             to
             improper
             Compliances
             ,
             nor
             so
             liable
             to
             several
             other
             miscarriages
             in
             their
             Conduct
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             By
             your
             discourse
             the
             slender
             provision
             which
             is
             made
             for
             them
             ,
             should
             be
             very
             Criminal
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Doubtless
             so
             it
             is
             .
             For
             pray
             consider
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             be
             as
             brief
             as
             you
             can
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             say
             then
             ,
             for
             a
             Clergy-man
             to
             enrich
             himself
             by
             the
             labour
             and
             necessities
             of
             one
             of
             his
             own
             Order
             ,
             and
             make
             his
             Figure
             out
             of
             the
             Church
             without
             performing
             the
             Services
             
             required
             ,
             is
             a
             direct
             translating
             the
             holy
             Revenues
             to
             a
             Foreign
             and
             secular
             use
             ,
             and
             consequently
             besides
             other
             aggravations
             is
             no
             better
             than
             sacrilege
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             very
             uncanonical
             Sin
             ,
             and
             unless
             we
             are
             very
             much
             in
             the
             dark
             will
             be
             accounted
             for
             afterwards
             .
             In
             short
             this
             Practice
             has
             been
             the
             main
             ground
             of
             the
             Contempt
             of
             the
             Clergy
             ,
             making
             one
             part
             of
             them
             grow
             cheap
             by
             their
             Poverty
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             by
             their
             Covetousness
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             what
             allowance
             would
             you
             oblige
             the
             Rector
             to
             ,
             if
             you
             had
             the
             Regulation
             of
             that
             Affair
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             To
             speak
             within
             Compass
             ,
             in
             my
             Opinion
             the
             Curate
             ought
             to
             have
             half
             the
             profits
             ,
             let
             the
             value
             of
             them
             be
             never
             so
             considerable
             ;
             for
             if
             the
             Parson
             has
             the
             other
             moiety
             for
             doing
             nothing
             ,
             I
             think
             he
             has
             no
             reason
             to
             complain
             .
             But
             if
             the
             Living
             be
             small
             ,
             then
             he
             that
             supplies
             it
             should
             have
             two
             thirds
             assigned
             him
             ,
             because
             he
             cannot
             be
             decently
             supported
             under
             that
             proportion
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Well
             ,
             I
             am
             not
             disposed
             to
             examin
             that
             matter
             any
             farther
             .
             But
             I
             beseech
             you
             what
             is
             all
             this
             to
             the
             business
             of
             Pride
             ?
             I
             think
             your
             Zeal
             for
             the
             Curates
             has
             transported
             you
             a
             little
             out
             of
             your
             Subject
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No
             such
             matter
             ;
             for
             it
             is
             generally
             nothing
             but
             Ambition
             which
             makes
             Men
             Covetous
             and
             Mean
             :
             besides
             ,
             if
             it
             is
             a
             Digression
             it
             is
             a
             very
             seasonable
             one
             .
             However
             
             I
             am
             willing
             to
             take
             my
             leave
             of
             this
             part
             of
             the
             Argument
             ,
             therefore
             if
             you
             please
             we
             will
             call
             a
             new
             Cause
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             think
             it
             is
             best
             to
             adjourn
             at
             present
             ,
             and
             when
             we
             meet
             again
             I
             will
             venture
             the
             other
             Brush
             with
             you
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Till
             then
             Farewel
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           SECOND
           CONFERENCE
           BETWEEN
           Philotimus
           and
           Philalethes
           .
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             WELL
             met
             !
             I
             am
             glad
             the
             opportunity
             you
             mentioned
             is
             so
             quickly
             returned
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             So
             am
             I
             ,
             and
             therefore
             if
             you
             please
             without
             any
             further
             Ceremony
             ,
             let
             us
             pursue
             the
             Argument
             we
             were
             last
             upon
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             With
             all
             my
             Heart
             ,
             and
             since
             (
             as
             has
             been
             shewed
             )
             Learning
             and
             Conceit
             ,
             make
             so
             odd
             a
             Figure
             ;
             let
             us
             proceed
             to
             examine
             the
             pretences
             of
             Nobility
             ,
             for
             I
             am
             afraid
             the
             Vulgar
             Notion
             of
             it
             is
             screwed
             somewhat
             too
             high
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             has
             not
             ,
             Ballast
             enough
             to
             carry
             all
             the
             Sail
             which
             is
             commonly
             made
             out
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             must
             tell
             you
             ,
             you
             are
             upon
             a
             touchy
             Point
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             hope
             you
             will
             treat
             so
             nice
             a
             subject
             as
             this
             is
             with
             proportionable
             caution
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             sensible
             of
             what
             you
             say
             ,
             and
             shall
             manage
             my
             enquiry
             with
             all
             the
             fairness
             ,
             and
             decency
             ,
             the
             free
             discussion
             of
             the
             Question
             will
             allow
             .
             To
             begin
             ,
             you
             know
             all
             Men
             were
             equally
             Noble
             ,
             or
             if
             you
             will
             ,
             equally
             Plebeian
             at
             first
             :
             now
             I
             would
             gladly
             understand
             how
             they
             came
             to
             be
             so
             much
             distinguished
             afterwards
             ,
             for
             there
             are
             different
             reasons
             assigned
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             suppose
             the
             distinctions
             you
             mention
             ,
             were
             founded
             upon
             extraordinary
             performances
             ,
             and
             won
             at
             the
             expence
             of
             Industry
             and
             Merit
             .
             For
             how
             can
             you
             imagine
             any
             persons
             should
             emerge
             out
             of
             the
             common
             Mass
             of
             Mankind
             ,
             unless
             by
             the
             advantages
             of
             Capacity
             ,
             Labour
             ,
             and
             Resolution
             ?
             Their
             mounting
             ,
             argues
             that
             Fire
             was
             the
             ruling
             Element
             in
             their
             Composition
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             were
             of
             a
             more
             vigorous
             and
             enterprizing
             Spirit
             than
             their
             Neighbours
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             willing
             to
             suppose
             with
             you
             ,
             that
             they
             made
             a
             generous
             use
             of
             these
             advantages
             ,
             and
             employed
             them
             for
             the
             benefit
             of
             Mankind
             :
             being
             as
             remarkable
             for
             their
             Justice
             ,
             Fidelity
             ,
             and
             good
             Humour
             ,
             as
             for
             their
             Conduct
             and
             Courage
             ;
             and
             therefore
             I
             am
             not
             willing
             to
             believe
             the
             account
             which
             some
             pretend
             to
             give
             concerning
             the
             Original
             of
             Nobility
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             is
             that
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             They
             will
             tell
             you
             that
             it
             has
             been
             often
             founded
             upon
             Rapine
             and
             Injustice
             .
             It
             seems
             they
             have
             observed
             out
             of
             Thucidides
             ,
             that
             in
             antient
             times
             it
             was
             counted
             an
             Heroick
             Atcheivement
             to
             Plunder
             lustily
             ,
             and
             he
             was
             a
             Man
             of
             the
             best
             Quality
             ,
             who
             was
             able
             to
             steal
             most
             Cattle
             .
             These
             Nimrods
             (
             say
             they
             )
             grew
             great
             by
             the
             strength
             of
             their
             Limbs
             and
             their
             Vices
             ,
             engraved
             their
             Murthers
             upon
             their
             Shields
             ,
             and
             Hectored
             all
             the
             little
             and
             peaceable
             People
             into
             Peasantry
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             This
             looks
             so
             like
             a
             Chimerical
             and
             ill
             natur'd
             Opinion
             ,
             that
             I
             shall
             not
             do
             it
             the
             honor
             of
             a
             Confutation
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             have
             no
             exceptions
             to
             your
             Resentment
             ,
             but
             to
             go
             on
             ,
             for
             the
             more
             distinct
             consideration
             of
             the
             Argument
             ,
             we
             will
             divide
             Nobility
             into
             two
             kinds
             ,
             Hereditary
             ,
             or
             Acquired
             .
             The
             first
             is
             transmitted
             to
             us
             from
             our
             Ancestors
             ,
             the
             other
             is
             immediately
             conferred
             by
             the
             favour
             of
             the
             Prince
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Proceed
             upon
             the
             several
             parts
             of
             your
             Division
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             1.
             
             Then
             ,
             Hereditary
             Nobility
             seems
             no
             just
             ground
             for
             a
             high
             Opinion
             ,
             because
             it
             is
             borrowed
             .
             Those
             great
             Actions
             which
             we
             had
             no
             share
             in
             ,
             cannot
             properly
             be
             any
             part
             of
             our
             Commendation
             ,
             especially
             if
             we
             want
             abilities
             to
             imitate
             them
             .
             'T
             is
             true
             ,
             they
             ought
             to
             be
             taken
             notice
             of
             by
             others
             for
             the
             encouragement
             of
             Vertue
             ,
             and
             the
             ornament
             
             of
             Society
             .
             But
             then
             he
             that
             depends
             wholly
             upon
             the
             worth
             of
             others
             ,
             ought
             to
             consider
             that
             he
             has
             but
             the
             honor
             of
             an
             Image
             ,
             and
             is
             worshiped
             not
             for
             his
             own
             sake
             ,
             but
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             what
             he
             represents
             .
             To
             be
             plain
             ,
             it
             is
             a
             sign
             a
             Man
             is
             very
             poor
             when
             he
             has
             nothing
             of
             his
             own
             to
             appear
             in
             ;
             but
             is
             forced
             to
             patch
             up
             his
             Figure
             with
             the
             Relicks
             of
             the
             Dead
             ,
             and
             rifle
             Tomb-Stones
             and
             Monuments
             for
             Reputation
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Notwithstanding
             your
             rallying
             ,
             I
             cannot
             conceive
             what
             crime
             it
             is
             to
             possess
             the
             Inheritance
             of
             our
             Forefathers
             .
             Now
             Honor
             is
             part
             of
             their
             Estate
             ,
             which
             was
             raised
             on
             purpose
             that
             we
             might
             be
             the
             better
             for
             it
             .
             And
             since
             their
             Children
             were
             the
             occasion
             of
             their
             merit
             ,
             and
             pushed
             them
             on
             to
             generous
             undertakings
             ,
             ought
             they
             not
             to
             share
             in
             the
             glory
             of
             the
             Success
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Yes
             .
             But
             it
             should
             be
             managed
             with
             great
             modesty
             ,
             because
             though
             an
             honourable
             Title
             may
             be
             conveyed
             to
             Posterity
             ,
             yet
             the
             ennobling
             Qualities
             which
             are
             the
             Soul
             of
             Greatness
             ,
             are
             a
             sort
             of
             incommunicable
             perfections
             ,
             and
             cannot
             be
             transferred
             .
             Indeed
             if
             a
             Man
             could
             bequeath
             his
             Virtues
             by
             Will
             ,
             and
             settle
             his
             Sense
             ,
             and
             Learning
             ,
             and
             Resolution
             ,
             upon
             his
             Children
             ,
             as
             certainly
             as
             he
             can
             his
             Lands
             ,
             a
             brave
             Ancestor
             would
             be
             a
             mighty
             privilege
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             hope
             those
             fine
             Qualities
             are
             not
             so
             incommunicable
             as
             you
             suppose
             ,
             for
             methinks
             there
             is
             a
             
               Ie
               ne
               scay
               quoi
            
             ,
             in
             persons
             well
             born
             :
             there
             is
             a
             peculiar
             Nobleness
             of
             Temper
             in
             them
             ,
             their
             Conversation
             is
             inimitably
             graceful
             ,
             and
             a
             Man
             may
             distinguish
             their
             Quality
             by
             the
             Air
             of
             their
             Faces
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             wish
             that
             Spirit
             of
             Honor
             and
             Bravery
             you
             mention
             ,
             was
             inseparable
             to
             their
             Quality
             ;
             but
             it
             is
             too
             plain
             that
             great
             Minds
             ,
             and
             great
             Fortunes
             don't
             always
             go
             together
             ;
             however
             I
             grant
             there
             is
             some
             Truth
             in
             your
             observation
             ,
             but
             am
             afraid
             the
             distinction
             does
             not
             always
             spring
             from
             the
             cause
             you
             assign
             .
             For
             by
             the
             gracefulness
             of
             Conversation
             ,
             I
             suppose
             you
             mean
             a
             decent
             Assurance
             ,
             and
             an
             Address
             in
             the
             Modes
             ,
             and
             Gestures
             of
             Salutation
             .
             Now
             these
             are
             pretty
             accomplishments
             I
             confess
             ,
             and
             recommend
             a
             Man
             to
             Company
             with
             some
             advantage
             ;
             but
             then
             they
             are
             easily
             gained
             by
             Custom
             and
             Education
             ,
             and
             therefore
             we
             need
             not
             fetch
             them
             
               ex
               Traduce
            
             .
             And
             moreover
             ,
             these
             little
             Formalities
             are
             often
             magnified
             beyond
             all
             Sense
             and
             Reason
             ,
             and
             some
             People
             are
             so
             Fantastically
             fond
             of
             them
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             were
             the
             topper
             perfections
             of
             Human
             Nature
             ;
             and
             that
             it
             were
             in
             reality
             a
             more
             valuable
             and
             gentile
             quality
             to
             Dress
             well
             ,
             and
             come
             handsomely
             into
             a
             Room
             ,
             than
             to
             take
             a
             Town
             ,
             or
             to
             be
             fit
             to
             discharge
             the
             Office
             of
             a
             Privy
             Counsellor
             .
             
             
             
             
             
             Now
             with
             submission
             to
             these
             Ceremonious
             Gentlemen
             ,
             I
             am
             not
             of
             their
             mind
             in
             this
             matter
             ,
             but
             think
             it
             much
             better
             for
             a
             Mans
             Parts
             to
             lie
             in
             his
             Head
             ,
             than
             in
             his
             Heels
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             think
             so
             too
             ,
             but
             you
             have
             not
             answered
             the
             whole
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             True
             !
             Your
             Air
             was
             omitted
             :
             now
             if
             this
             was
             a
             constant
             privilege
             of
             Birth
             ,
             which
             you
             know
             it
             is
             not
             ,
             yet
             in
             this
             deceitful
             Age
             of
             ours
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             Arguing
             from
             an
             Outside
             .
             Besides
             ,
             I
             doubt
             this
             Advantage
             is
             sometimes
             the
             effect
             of
             a
             slothful
             and
             Effeminate
             Life
             .
             When
             Men
             will
             attempt
             nothing
             either
             in
             the
             Field
             ,
             or
             in
             their
             Closets
             :
             when
             they
             will
             neither
             trouble
             themselves
             with
             Thinking
             ,
             nor
             endure
             to
             be
             exposed
             to
             the
             Weather
             :
             This
             Niceness
             ,
             though
             it
             renders
             them
             insignificant
             to
             the
             great
             purposes
             of
             Life
             ,
             yet
             it
             Polishes
             their
             Complexion
             ,
             and
             makes
             their
             Spirits
             seem
             more
             moving
             and
             transparent
             .
             Sometime
             this
             Sprightliness
             and
             Grandeur
             of
             Face
             ,
             is
             Painted
             by
             Flattery
             :
             for
             when
             Men
             are
             once
             made
             to
             believe
             they
             are
             very
             Considerable
             ,
             they
             are
             presently
             for
             trying
             to
             write
             the
             Inscriptions
             of
             their
             Quality
             upon
             their
             Forehead
             .
             Now
             Conceit
             when
             it
             is
             Corrected
             with
             a
             mixture
             of
             Gravity
             ,
             is
             an
             admirable
             Wash
             ,
             and
             will
             make
             one
             look
             as
             Wise
             ,
             and
             as
             Great
             as
             you
             would
             wish
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             This
             Grandeur
             of
             Face
             ,
             as
             you
             call
             it
             ,
             may
             possibly
             be
             explained
             upon
             kinder
             Principles
             ;
             for
             I
             am
             apt
             to
             believe
             that
             a
             quick
             Sense
             of
             Honour
             ,
             a
             Consciousness
             of
             Worth
             ,
             an
             Elevation
             of
             Thought
             ,
             will
             sometimes
             break
             out
             into
             a
             Lustre
             ,
             and
             make
             the
             great
             Soul
             sparkle
             in
             a
             Man's
             Eyes
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             cannot
             deny
             what
             you
             say
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             best
             Construction
             ought
             to
             be
             made
             ,
             where
             the
             known
             Character
             of
             the
             person
             does
             not
             disallow
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot
             ,
          
           
             I
             see
             you
             can
             be
             fair
             when
             you
             list
             ,
             therefore
             I
             shall
             venture
             to
             go
             on
             with
             you
             to
             another
             Advantage
             of
             Nobility
             ,
             viz.
             Antiquity
             .
             Now
             to
             begin
             in
             your
             own
             way
             ,
             Don't
             you
             think
             it
             is
             a
             great
             addition
             to
             ones
             Birth
             to
             stand
             at
             the
             bottom
             of
             long
             Parchment
             Pedigree
             ,
             and
             be
             some
             yards
             removed
             from
             the
             first
             Escocheon
             ?
             Is
             not
             that
             Family
             substantially
             Built
             which
             can
             stand
             the
             shock
             of
             Time
             ,
             and
             hold
             out
             against
             all
             varieties
             of
             Accidents
             ?
             How
             generous
             must
             that
             Blood
             be
             ,
             which
             has
             been
             so
             long
             Refining
             ,
             and
             run
             through
             the
             Channels
             of
             Honor
             for
             so
             many
             Ages
             ,
             where
             it
             is
             sometimes
             as
             hard
             to
             come
             to
             the
             Plebeian
             Fountain
             :
             as
             to
             find
             out
             the
             Head
             of
             Nilus
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Not
             so
             hard
             neither
             ,
             For
             if
             you
             go
             but
             one
             Inch
             farther
             than
             the
             Gentleman
             at
             the
             Top
             you
             spoke
             of
             ,
             it
             is
             ten
             to
             one
             but
             you
             take
             old
             Goodman
             ,
             &c.
             by
             the
             Leathern
             
             Breeches
             .
             And
             as
             for
             the
             Antiquity
             of
             a
             Family
             ,
             though
             it
             looks
             prettily
             at
             first
             sight
             ,
             yet
             I
             fear
             it
             will
             abate
             upon
             examination
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             try
             your
             skill
             upon
             it
             ,
             for
             I
             am
             not
             of
             your
             mind
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Then
             to
             deal
             plainly
             with
             you
             ,
             I
             conceive
             the
             Antiquity
             you
             talk
             of
             ,
             is
             commonly
             nothing
             but
             antient
             Wealth
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             chief
             commendation
             of
             this
             Privilege
             consists
             in
             the
             long
             continued
             Frugality
             of
             the
             Family
             ,
             who
             after
             they
             were
             once
             possessed
             of
             an
             Estate
             ,
             had
             the
             Discretion
             to
             keep
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Is
             it
             nothing
             then
             for
             a
             Man's
             Ancestors
             to
             have
             lived
             in
             Reputation
             ,
             and
             to
             have
             had
             Interest
             and
             Command
             in
             their
             Country
             for
             so
             many
             Generations
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             suppose
             the
             English
             of
             all
             this
             is
             no
             more
             than
             that
             they
             have
             lived
             in
             good
             Houses
             ,
             Eat
             and
             Drank
             better
             ,
             and
             born
             higher
             Offices
             than
             those
             who
             have
             wanted
             a
             Fortune
             .
             Now
             Mony
             ,
             and
             a
             moderate
             share
             of
             Sense
             ,
             will
             furnish
             any
             Man
             with
             all
             these
             Advantages
             .
             And
             as
             to
             the
             holding
             out
             against
             so
             many
             Accidents
             ,
             and
             Alterations
             of
             State
             ,
             I
             am
             afraid
             it
             sometimes
             proceeds
             from
             shifting
             and
             indifferent
             Principles
             ,
             and
             from
             a
             servile
             compliance
             with
             whatever
             is
             Uppermost
             .
             So
             that
             what
             my
             Lord
             Bacon
             mentions
             in
             reference
             to
             Notions
             and
             Inventions
             ,
             may
             be
             sometimes
             applicable
             to
             Families
             ;
             where
             he
             tells
             us
             ,
             that
             Time
             is
             like
             a
             River
             ,
             
             in
             which
             Metals
             and
             solid
             Substances
             are
             sunk
             ,
             while
             Chaff
             and
             Straws
             swim
             upon
             the
             Surface
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             You
             are
             to
             consider
             that
             an
             antient
             Gentility
             does
             not
             necessarily
             convey
             to
             us
             any
             advantage
             either
             of
             Body
             or
             Mind
             :
             and
             to
             speak
             like
             Philosophers
             ,
             these
             are
             the
             only
             two
             things
             in
             which
             we
             are
             capable
             of
             any
             real
             improvement
             .
             I
             confess
             ,
             if
             every
             Generation
             grew
             Wiser
             ,
             Stronger
             ,
             Handsomer
             ,
             or
             longer
             Lived
             than
             the
             other
             :
             if
             the
             Breed
             of
             a
             Man's
             Family
             was
             thus
             improved
             ,
             the
             farther
             it
             was
             continued
             ;
             then
             indeed
             the
             quality
             of
             an
             Escocheon
             would
             be
             exactly
             contrary
             to
             that
             of
             Cloaths
             ,
             and
             the
             one
             would
             always
             grow
             better
             ,
             as
             the
             other
             does
             worse
             ,
             by
             wearing
             .
             From
             whence
             it
             would
             follow
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             seven
             Sleepers
             had
             been
             made
             Gentlemen
             immediately
             before
             they
             entred
             their
             Cave
             ,
             and
             had
             held
             on
             their
             Nap
             from
             seventy
             ,
             to
             seven
             hundred
             years
             ,
             they
             had
             most
             undeniably
             slept
             themselves
             into
             a
             considerable
             degree
             of
             Quality
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             You
             may
             talk
             as
             subtilly
             as
             you
             please
             ,
             but
             you
             must
             not
             think
             to
             baffle
             established
             and
             uncontested
             Opinions
             ,
             with
             a
             few
             Logical
             quirks
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Pray
             don't
             grow
             warm
             ,
             and
             I
             will
             endeavour
             to
             satisfie
             you
             ,
             and
             in
             order
             to
             it
             ,
             I
             observe
             in
             the
             third
             place
             ,
             That
             an
             antient
             Gentility
             ,
             makes
             a
             Man
             Superior
             only
             to
             those
             
             of
             the
             same
             Quality
             ,
             (
             viz.
             an
             Esquire
             ,
             to
             an
             Esquire
             ,
             and
             so
             in
             the
             rest
             )
             and
             that
             in
             nothing
             but
             in
             point
             of
             Precedency
             .
             The
             reason
             ,
             I
             suppose
             ,
             why
             those
             which
             are
             placed
             in
             any
             degree
             of
             Honor
             ,
             precede
             others
             who
             are
             afterwards
             raised
             to
             the
             same
             Height
             ,
             is
             for
             the
             encouragement
             of
             Industry
             .
             To
             make
             Men
             forward
             to
             exert
             their
             earliest
             Endeavours
             to
             deserve
             well
             of
             the
             State
             ;
             for
             this
             reason
             there
             is
             a
             distinction
             made
             between
             Merit
             ,
             otherwise
             equal
             ,
             only
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             the
             Priority
             of
             Time.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Is
             this
             all
             you
             can
             afford
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Look
             you
             !
             We
             that
             pretend
             to
             be
             subject
             to
             a
             Constitution
             ,
             must
             not
             Carve
             out
             our
             own
             Quality
             ,
             for
             at
             this
             rate
             a
             Cobler
             may
             make
             himself
             a
             Lord.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             And
             what
             then
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             ,
             then
             I
             say
             ,
             it
             is
             Vanity
             for
             any
             Man
             to
             have
             a
             better
             Opinion
             of
             his
             Family
             than
             the
             Law
             allows
             :
             my
             Reason
             is
             ,
             because
             the
             Law
             is
             the
             measure
             of
             Honor
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             of
             all
             other
             Civil
             Rights
             .
             Besides
             ,
             I
             must
             tell
             you
             that
             it
             is
             both
             reasonable
             ,
             and
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             State
             that
             Merit
             should
             be
             considered
             ,
             of
             what
             date
             soever
             it
             is
             .
             A
             worthy
             Action
             ought
             to
             be
             as
             much
             rewarded
             now
             ,
             as
             one
             of
             the
             same
             kind
             was
             a
             thousand
             years
             since
             .
             The
             prospect
             of
             Honor
             ,
             to
             a
             generous
             Mind
             ,
             is
             the
             chief
             incitement
             to
             all
             great
             Undertakings
             .
             This
             consideration
             
             Polishes
             Arts
             and
             Sciences
             ,
             makes
             Men
             Industrious
             in
             improving
             their
             Understandings
             ,
             and
             Resolute
             in
             exposing
             their
             Persons
             ,
             for
             the
             Publick
             Service
             .
             If
             therefore
             we
             dote
             upon
             Antiquity
             so
             far
             ,
             as
             to
             undervalue
             the
             Merit
             of
             the
             present
             Age
             ,
             the
             Government
             must
             necessarily
             suffer
             by
             it
             :
             for
             such
             a
             Partiality
             will
             slacken
             the
             Nerves
             of
             Industry
             ,
             and
             occasion
             a
             negligence
             both
             in
             those
             who
             have
             an
             antient
             Title
             to
             Honor
             ,
             and
             in
             those
             who
             have
             not
             .
             The
             first
             will
             grow
             sluggish
             ,
             because
             they
             have
             a
             sufficient
             share
             of
             Reputation
             already
             ;
             and
             therefore
             need
             not
             run
             any
             hazards
             about
             getting
             more
             .
             The
             latter
             will
             abate
             in
             their
             forwardness
             to
             oblige
             their
             Country
             ,
             because
             they
             know
             their
             Service
             ,
             though
             never
             so
             great
             ,
             will
             be
             contemned
             ,
             and
             for
             that
             very
             Reason
             which
             ought
             to
             make
             them
             the
             more
             valued
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             because
             their
             Considerableness
             came
             from
             themselves
             .
             Moreover
             ,
             If
             the
             Inheritors
             of
             antient
             Honor
             ,
             have
             not
             by
             Personal
             Additions
             improved
             that
             Stock
             which
             was
             granted
             to
             their
             Ancestors
             ;
             there
             is
             no
             reason
             it
             should
             be
             rated
             above
             the
             same
             Degree
             (
             Precedency
             excepted
             )
             which
             is
             given
             now
             .
             For
             to
             affirm
             that
             a
             Family
             raised
             to
             Nobility
             by
             this
             King
             ,
             is
             not
             as
             good
             as
             one
             raised
             by
             the
             Conqueror
             ,
             is
             a
             reflection
             upon
             his
             present
             Majesty
             :
             it
             supposes
             his
             Judgment
             ,
             or
             his
             Authority
             ,
             less
             considerable
             than
             that
             of
             
             his
             Predecessours
             ;
             and
             that
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Honour
             is
             almost
             dry'd
             up
             ,
             and
             runs
             more
             muddy
             than
             in
             former
             Ages
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot
             ,
          
           
             How
             plausibly
             soever
             you
             may
             make
             your
             opinion
             look
             ,
             I
             'm
             sure
             it
             has
             the
             disadvantage
             of
             being
             Singular
             .
             For
             you
             know
             a
             plain
             Gentleman
             of
             an
             ancient
             Family
             is
             accounted
             a
             Person
             of
             better
             Quality
             than
             a
             new
             made
             Knight
             ,
             though
             the
             reason
             of
             his
             dubbing
             was
             never
             so
             Meritorious
             .
             Honour
             like
             China
             Dishes
             must
             lie
             some
             Ages
             under
             Ground
             before
             it
             comes
             to
             any
             Perfection
             .
             And
             to
             carry
             on
             your
             own
             Figure
             ,
             the
             greater
             distance
             from
             the
             spring
             always
             makes
             the
             Stream
             the
             more
             considerable
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             This
             it
             is
             to
             be
             wiser
             than
             the
             Laws
             !
             And
             since
             you
             are
             for
             Illustrations
             I
             reply
             ,
             that
             to
             suppose
             an
             ancient
             Title
             (
             though
             lesser
             in
             degree
             )
             is
             preferable
             to
             a
             greater
             of
             late
             Creation
             ,
             is
             as
             if
             one
             should
             affirm
             that
             an
             old
             shilling
             is
             better
             than
             a
             new
             half-Crown
             ,
             though
             the
             Alloy
             and
             Impression
             are
             the
             same
             in
             both
             .
             Nay
             from
             your
             Argument
             a
             man
             may
             conclude
             that
             a
             coarser
             metal
             only
             by
             being
             digg'd
             and
             refin'd
             in
             the
             Dayes
             of
             our
             Great
             Grandfathers
             ,
             (
             though
             perhaps
             it
             has
             contracted
             some
             rust
             by
             lying
             )
             is
             more
             valuable
             than
             the
             same
             weight
             in
             Gold
             but
             lately
             separated
             from
             the
             Oare
             .
             And
             that
             an
             ancient
             Estate
             is
             really
             better
             than
             one
             newly
             purchased
             ,
             though
             the
             Lands
             
             of
             the
             latter
             are
             richer
             ,
             and
             the
             Survey
             larger
             than
             the
             other
             .
             Now
             if
             a
             man
             should
             prove
             so
             fanciful
             as
             to
             demand
             a
             greater
             Rent
             for
             his
             Farm
             because
             it
             has
             been
             in
             the
             Possession
             of
             his
             Family
             for
             some
             hundred
             of
             years
             ,
             I
             believe
             the
             want
             of
             Tenants
             would
             soon
             convince
             him
             of
             his
             Errour
             .
             From
             whence
             it
             's
             evident
             that
             in
             taking
             an
             Estimate
             of
             Nobility
             we
             are
             not
             so
             much
             to
             consider
             its
             Antiquity
             ,
             as
             the
             Merit
             of
             the
             first
             Grantee
             ,
             and
             the
             distinction
             the
             Prince
             has
             put
             upon
             it
             ;
             which
             like
             Figures
             or
             other
             marks
             upon
             Money
             ,
             stamp
             the
             value
             ,
             and
             tell
             the
             Subject
             for
             how
             much
             it
             is
             to
             pass
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             by
             your
             favour
             are
             not
             Meddals
             ,
             and
             Coyns
             valued
             more
             for
             their
             Antiquity
             than
             their
             Metal
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             That
             Question
             is
             to
             the
             point
             ;
             and
             therefore
             I
             answer
             ,
          
           
             First
             ,
             That
             Coyns
             ,
             &c.
             though
             they
             are
             valuable
             as
             rarities
             ,
             yet
             they
             signifie
             little
             in
             Exchange
             and
             common
             use
             ;
             And
             if
             a
             man
             has
             any
             debt
             to
             pay
             ,
             or
             Commodities
             to
             buy
             ,
             K.
             Charles
             his
             Image
             ,
             and
             superscription
             will
             do
             him
             much
             more
             service
             than
             Ce'sar's
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             The
             Reason
             why
             these
             things
             are
             sometimes
             so
             much
             valued
             ,
             is
             not
             because
             they
             are
             old
             but
             useful
             :
             They
             often
             rectifie
             Chronology
             ,
             and
             explain
             History
             ,
             and
             retrieve
             us
             several
             material
             parts
             of
             Learning
             ,
             
             which
             might
             otherwise
             have
             been
             irrecoverably
             lost
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             There
             is
             a
             disparity
             in
             the
             case
             of
             ancient
             Coyns
             and
             Families
             ;
             For
             in
             the
             first
             you
             have
             the
             same
             numerical
             peice
             ,
             in
             the
             latter
             nothing
             but
             the
             Name
             or
             Relation
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             change
             and
             succession
             of
             Persons
             seems
             to
             destroy
             the
             notion
             of
             Antiquity
             .
             To
             make
             the
             Instance
             parallel
             we
             must
             suppose
             a
             Gentleman
             as
             old
             as
             Methusalem
             ,
             and
             then
             I
             confess
             he
             would
             be
             a
             great
             Curiosity
             ,
             and
             ought
             to
             be
             valued
             accordingly
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             As
             I
             remember
             you
             were
             saying
             ,
             the
             merit
             of
             the
             first
             Gentleman
             of
             the
             House
             ought
             to
             be
             consider'd
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Yes
             ,
             I
             conceive
             that
             circumstance
             very
             material
             ,
             and
             that
             if
             upon
             enquiry
             it
             proves
             unintelligible
             ,
             or
             unlucky
             ,
             it
             's
             no
             small
             abatement
             to
             the
             Family
             .
             For
             if
             he
             Advanced
             himself
             by
             a
             voluntary
             engaging
             in
             unjust
             Quarrels
             ,
             he
             has
             no
             better
             pretence
             to
             Honour
             than
             what
             a
             resolute
             and
             successful
             Padder
             may
             Challenge
             .
             If
             he
             owes
             his
             Heraldry
             to
             a
             servile
             Flattery
             ,
             and
             a
             dextrous
             Application
             to
             the
             vices
             of
             Princes
             ,
             the
             marks
             of
             their
             Favour
             are
             rather
             infamous
             than
             Honourable
             to
             his
             Posterity
             ,
             because
             he
             is
             ennobled
             for
             those
             qualities
             ,
             for
             which
             he
             ought
             to
             have
             been
             punished
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             if
             the
             Gentility
             was
             purchased
             ,
             I
             hope
             we
             may
             make
             the
             best
             of
             what
             we
             have
             paid
             for
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             By
             all
             means
             !
             But
             then
             this
             is
             a
             sign
             that
             Worth
             and
             distinguishing
             Qualities
             were
             wanting
             ,
             otherwise
             the
             Honour
             had
             been
             conferred
             Gratis
             .
             The
             same
             may
             be
             said
             when
             Arms
             or
             Titles
             are
             given
             at
             the
             Instance
             or
             recommendation
             of
             a
             Favorite
             ,
             for
             this
             is
             down-right
             begging
             for
             Quality
             ,
             and
             looks
             more
             like
             an
             Alms
             than
             an
             Honour
             .
             Farther
             it
             's
             a
             lessening
             to
             a
             mans
             Nobility
             ,
             when
             the
             Reason
             and
             Grounds
             of
             it
             are
             unknown
             ,
             for
             if
             his
             Rise
             had
             been
             derived
             from
             worthy
             and
             creditable
             Causes
             ,
             he
             would
             in
             all
             likelyhood
             have
             been
             as
             certainly
             acquainted
             with
             them
             ,
             as
             with
             his
             Arms
             ;
             It
             being
             both
             easie
             and
             for
             the
             Reputation
             of
             the
             Family
             ,
             that
             Records
             of
             this
             nature
             should
             have
             been
             preserv'd
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             loss
             of
             them
             seems
             rather
             to
             proceed
             from
             Design
             than
             Neglect
             .
             In
             short
             ,
             if
             the
             first
             Principles
             of
             Honour
             happen
             to
             be
             thus
             coarse
             ,
             or
             counterfeit
             ,
             it
             's
             not
             in
             the
             power
             of
             time
             to
             mend
             them
             :
             A
             Pebble
             or
             Bristol
             stone
             will
             not
             change
             their
             natures
             ,
             and
             improve
             into
             Diamonds
             ,
             though
             they
             are
             laid
             up
             a
             thousand
             years
             together
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Hark
             you
             Mr.
             I
             doubt
             your
             Effects
             (
             if
             you
             have
             any
             )
             have
             lain
             but
             a
             little
             while
             in
             the
             Heralds
             Office.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Probably
             as
             long
             as
             your
             Worships
             :
             But
             I
             take
             it
             to
             be
             much
             more
             a
             Gentlemanly
             quality
             to
             discover
             such
             unsociable
             
             mistakes
             than
             to
             abett
             them
             .
             If
             we
             are
             capable
             of
             understanding
             any
             thing
             ,
             it
             must
             undoubtedly
             be
             more
             creditable
             to
             promote
             good
             humour
             and
             modesty
             in
             Conversation
             ,
             and
             give
             men
             right
             Apprehensions
             of
             themselves
             ;
             than
             to
             flatter
             them
             into
             groundless
             Conceits
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             believe
             they
             may
             be
             truly
             Great
             ,
             and
             yet
             good
             for
             nothing
             .
             To
             maintain
             such
             indefensible
             and
             dangerous
             Principles
             of
             Honour
             ,
             which
             not
             only
             impose
             upon
             our
             Understandings
             ,
             but
             emasculate
             our
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             spoyl
             our
             Temper
             ,
             and
             tend
             only
             to
             the
             nourishing
             of
             Idleness
             and
             Pride
             ;
             is
             in
             my
             opinion
             no
             very
             Heroical
             undertaking
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Then
             I
             find
             we
             must
             come
             to
             the
             Merits
             of
             the
             Cause
             as
             you
             call
             them
             ,
             and
             examine
             upon
             what
             foundation
             the
             Family
             stands
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             think
             that
             is
             the
             only
             way
             to
             know
             what
             we
             have
             to
             trust
             to
             ,
             and
             how
             far
             we
             may
             insist
             upon
             the
             advantages
             of
             Birth
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             are
             the
             usual
             steps
             to
             Honour
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             suppose
             one
             of
             these
             three
             ,
             Learning
             ,
             Commerce
             or
             Arms.
             The
             pretences
             of
             Learning
             have
             been
             examined
             already
             ;
             To
             which
             I
             shall
             only
             add
             ,
             that
             if
             a
             Person
             whose
             mind
             is
             enlarged
             ,
             and
             beautified
             with
             all
             sorts
             of
             useful
             Knowledge
             ,
             is
             notwithstanding
             
             obliged
             to
             Modesty
             ,
             and
             Sobriety
             of
             thought
             ,
             then
             certainly
             those
             who
             claim
             under
             him
             ,
             and
             are
             wise
             only
             by
             Proxy
             ,
             ought
             not
             to
             grow
             too
             big
             upon
             their
             Relation
             to
             the
             Muses
             .
             To
             Proceed
             ,
             Commerce
             is
             another
             Expedient
             which
             often
             distinguishes
             a
             man
             from
             the
             vulgar
             .
             For
             Trading
             raises
             an
             Estate
             ,
             and
             that
             procures
             Honour
             ,
             so
             that
             in
             this
             Case
             Wealth
             is
             the
             main
             of
             the
             merit
             ,
             and
             that
             which
             is
             chiefly
             insisted
             on
             by
             those
             who
             inherit
             it
             .
             But
             here
             we
             ought
             to
             be
             very
             cautious
             and
             meek-spirited
             ,
             till
             we
             are
             assured
             of
             the
             honesty
             of
             our
             Ancestours
             ,
             for
             Covetousness
             and
             Circumvention
             make
             no
             good
             Motto
             for
             a
             Coat
             .
             And
             yet
             your
             men
             of
             Trade
             are
             too
             often
             assisted
             in
             their
             Fortunes
             by
             these
             Qualities
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             think
             you
             are
             too
             hard
             upon
             them
             ,
             and
             believe
             they
             may
             come
             into
             their
             Estates
             by
             more
             accountable
             methods
             ,
             viz.
             by
             their
             Industry
             ,
             by
             Understanding
             how
             to
             make
             use
             of
             all
             fair
             advantages
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             luck
             of
             a
             good
             Acquaintance
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             grant
             there
             is
             a
             great
             deal
             of
             Good
             Faith
             ,
             Frankness
             and
             Generosity
             to
             be
             found
             among
             Tradesmen
             ,
             and
             that
             such
             Professions
             are
             necessary
             to
             the
             convenience
             and
             splendor
             of
             Life
             ,
             and
             being
             thus
             useful
             ought
             to
             be
             esteemed
             Honourable
             .
             But
             their
             being
             used
             to
             value
             small
             gains
             is
             apt
             (
             without
             care
             )
             to
             make
             them
             contract
             a
             narrowness
             
             of
             Spirit
             ,
             and
             to
             stand
             too
             much
             to
             the
             point
             of
             Interest
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             is
             that
             which
             they
             call
             the
             Mystery
             of
             Trade
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             A
             great
             part
             of
             it
             consists
             in
             the
             skill
             of
             over-reaching
             their
             Customers
             ,
             which
             Science
             ,
             I
             fear
             is
             not
             learned
             meerly
             for
             Speculation
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Possibly
             it
             may
             be
             for
             Caution
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             not
             be
             imposed
             on
             by
             others
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             willing
             to
             think
             so
             ,
             however
             these
             
               Arcana
               Officinae
            
             ,
             are
             counted
             such
             Essentials
             ,
             that
             except
             an
             Apprentice
             is
             fully
             instructed
             how
             to
             Adulterate
             ,
             and
             Varnish
             ,
             and
             give
             you
             the
             Go-by
             upon
             occasion
             ,
             his
             Master
             may
             be
             charged
             with
             Neglect
             ,
             and
             sued
             for
             not
             teaching
             him
             his
             Art
             ,
             and
             his
             Trade
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             It
             seems
             then
             he
             cannot
             be
             an
             Honest
             Man
             ,
             except
             he
             teaches
             his
             Servant
             to
             play
             the
             Knave
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Granting
             your
             Inference
             ,
             yet
             you
             know
             a
             Man
             may
             understand
             his
             Weapon
             better
             than
             his
             Neighbour
             ,
             and
             notwithstanding
             be
             of
             a
             very
             peaceable
             inoffensive
             Temper
             .
             However
             ,
             when
             the
             Rise
             of
             the
             Family
             is
             owing
             to
             such
             an
             Original
             ,
             a
             Man
             has
             a
             particular
             Reason
             not
             to
             flourish
             too
             much
             upon
             the
             glitter
             of
             his
             Fortune
             ,
             for
             fear
             there
             should
             be
             too
             much
             Alloy
             in
             it
             .
             For
             some
             People
             are
             forced
             to
             climb
             in
             a
             very
             mean
             and
             servile
             posture
             .
             They
             must
             Flatter
             ,
             Deceive
             ,
             and
             
             Pinch
             ;
             use
             their
             Neighbours
             ,
             and
             themselves
             too
             ,
             very
             unkindly
             ,
             before
             they
             can
             gain
             their
             Point
             .
             So
             that
             if
             the
             Ancestour
             had
             not
             been
             remarkably
             Little
             ,
             his
             Posterity
             had
             never
             been
             reputed
             Great
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             But
             what
             needs
             all
             this
             Scruple
             ?
             Why
             should
             I
             enquire
             so
             anxiously
             how
             my
             Ancestors
             came
             by
             their
             Estate
             ?
             Let
             their
             Merit
             be
             as
             small
             as
             you
             please
             ,
             the
             Revenue
             will
             not
             sink
             upon
             this
             Score
             .
             Now
             ,
             if
             you
             considered
             the
             Sovereignty
             of
             Mony
             ,
             how
             it
             commands
             Honor
             ,
             and
             Beauty
             ,
             and
             Power
             ,
             how
             much
             of
             Ornament
             ,
             and
             Defence
             ,
             and
             Pleasure
             there
             is
             in
             it
             ;
             you
             would
             allow
             us
             to
             be
             a
             little
             Uppish
             upon
             the
             Matter
             :
             for
             when
             a
             Man
             has
             such
             a
             Universal
             Instrument
             of
             Delight
             ,
             and
             is
             Master
             of
             that
             ,
             which
             is
             Master
             of
             every
             thing
             else
             ,
             he
             ought
             visibly
             to
             Congratulate
             his
             Happiness
             ,
             and
             pay
             himself
             a
             particular
             Respect
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             If
             I
             could
             purchase
             a
             parcel
             of
             new
             Senses
             ,
             and
             some
             pretty
             undiscovered
             Curiosities
             to
             please
             them
             with
             ,
             I
             confess
             I
             should
             be
             more
             desirous
             of
             growing
             Rich
             than
             I
             am
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             though
             you
             cannot
             buy
             any
             new
             ,
             you
             may
             please
             the
             old
             ones
             better
             ,
             and
             make
             one
             Sense
             go
             as
             far
             as
             two
             ,
             with
             Poverty
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             not
             altogether
             of
             your
             mind
             ;
             besides
             if
             my
             Understanding
             does
             not
             improve
             proportionably
             ,
             I
             am
             only
             in
             the
             fairer
             way
             to
             be
             more
             a
             Brute
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Understanding
             !
             Mony
             will
             buy
             good
             Books
             ,
             and
             though
             the
             Owner
             should
             should
             not
             know
             how
             to
             use
             them
             ,
             yet
             if
             has
             an
             Estate
             ,
             he
             will
             never
             want
             People
             to
             make
             him
             believe
             he
             has
             Sense
             ,
             which
             will
             be
             in
             a
             manner
             as
             well
             ,
             for
             Pleasure
             consists
             mostly
             in
             Fancy
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             don't
             envy
             such
             a
             one
             the
             entertainment
             of
             his
             Imagination
             ,
             though
             I
             believe
             it
             is
             much
             short
             of
             the
             transports
             of
             Lunacy
             :
             but
             withal
             I
             think
             that
             folly
             and
             madness
             are
             no
             proper
             Judges
             to
             pronounce
             upon
             the
             Advancements
             of
             human
             Nature
             .
             But
             to
             return
             to
             the
             Argument
             ,
             no
             person
             can
             be
             Great
             by
             being
             Owner
             of
             those
             things
             which
             wise
             Men
             have
             always
             counted
             it
             a
             piece
             of
             greatness
             to
             despise
             .
             To
             which
             I
             must
             add
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             not
             the
             possessing
             ,
             but
             the
             right
             management
             of
             any
             valuable
             Advantage
             which
             makes
             us
             Considerable
             .
             He
             that
             does
             not
             employ
             his
             Fortune
             generously
             ,
             is
             not
             to
             be
             respected
             merely
             because
             he
             has
             it
             .
             Indeed
             if
             a
             Man
             gives
             me
             part
             of
             his
             Estate
             ,
             I
             am
             bound
             to
             make
             him
             an
             acknowledgment
             ;
             but
             I
             am
             not
             obliged
             to
             honor
             him
             because
             he
             is
             pleased
             to
             keep
             it
             to
             himself
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Well!
             Since
             Merchandize
             is
             sometimes
             liable
             to
             exceptions
             ,
             and
             antient
             Wealth
             has
             no
             right
             to
             challenge
             Worship
             ,
             and
             Homage
             .
             Pray
             what
             do
             you
             think
             of
             Nobility
             raised
             by
             Arms
             ?
             I
             hope
             here
             you
             will
             
             grant
             the
             Materials
             are
             all
             shining
             ,
             and
             solid
             .
             And
             when
             an
             Ancestour
             works
             out
             his
             Fortune
             by
             great
             and
             hazardous
             Undertakings
             ,
             by
             contempt
             of
             Danger
             and
             Death
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             instances
             of
             an
             Heroick
             Gallantry
             ;
             is
             it
             not
             highly
             reasonable
             his
             Descendants
             should
             share
             his
             Honor
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             his
             Inheritance
             ?
             Nay
             ,
             they
             seem
             obliged
             ,
             in
             justice
             to
             his
             Memory
             ,
             to
             have
             some
             stroaks
             of
             Greatness
             and
             Reserve
             in
             their
             Carriage
             .
             They
             might
             better
             be
             Profuse
             in
             their
             Expences
             ,
             than
             their
             Familiarities
             .
             The
             wasting
             his
             Estate
             ,
             and
             razing
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Heralds
             Books
             ,
             is
             scarce
             more
             injurious
             to
             his
             Name
             ,
             than
             the
             heedless
             Condescensions
             of
             his
             Family
             .
             For
             by
             such
             ill
             managed
             Humility
             ,
             they
             do
             as
             it
             were
             Prostitute
             his
             Quality
             ,
             mingle
             his
             Ashes
             with
             ignoble
             Dust
             ,
             and
             deface
             the
             Monuments
             and
             Distinctions
             of
             his
             Merit
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             confess
             a
             Man
             ought
             to
             be
             civil
             to
             his
             Generation
             ,
             but
             not
             to
             that
             degree
             as
             to
             plague
             the
             Living
             ,
             only
             in
             Ceremony
             to
             the
             Dead
             .
             And
             I
             may
             say
             farther
             ,
             that
             a
             Noble
             Ancestor
             ,
             does
             not
             desire
             his
             Posterity
             should
             pretend
             to
             honor
             him
             this
             way
             ,
             except
             his
             Qualities
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             his
             Name
             descend
             upon
             them
             .
             A
             person
             truly
             Great
             ,
             is
             never
             fond
             and
             unreasonable
             ;
             he
             hates
             to
             see
             Folly
             Idolized
             ,
             though
             it
             be
             in
             his
             own
             Children
             ;
             and
             had
             rather
             have
             his
             Memory
             buried
             in
             
             Oblivion
             ,
             than
             his
             Honor
             should
             be
             Usurped
             by
             a
             Degenerate
             insignificant
             Off-spring
             .
             Besides
             ,
             the
             reasons
             you
             assign
             why
             Martial
             Men
             ought
             to
             be
             valued
             by
             after-Ages
             ,
             seem
             to
             be
             common
             to
             other
             pretences
             to
             Nobility
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             am
             sorry
             if
             they
             appear
             so
             ,
             since
             I
             designed
             them
             chiefly
             for
             the
             advantage
             of
             Arms.
             For
             in
             my
             judgment
             ,
             the
             Profession
             of
             a
             Soldier
             has
             a
             particular
             ,
             and
             paramount
             Title
             to
             Honor.
             For
             can
             there
             be
             a
             more
             extraordinary
             instance
             of
             Greatness
             ,
             than
             for
             a
             Man
             to
             be
             undismayed
             amidst
             so
             many
             horrible
             Instruments
             and
             Images
             of
             Death
             ?
             To
             expose
             his
             person
             as
             freely
             as
             if
             he
             knew
             himself
             immortal
             ,
             and
             to
             fear
             nothing
             but
             Obscurity
             and
             Disgrace
             ?
             And
             therefore
             though
             there
             are
             many
             other
             creditable
             Employments
             and
             Accomplishments
             ,
             yet
             there
             is
             a
             transcendent
             ,
             and
             almost
             an
             astonishing
             Greatness
             and
             Gracefulness
             in
             Valour
             .
             It
             has
             something
             more
             illustrious
             and
             sparkling
             ,
             more
             Noble
             and
             Majestick
             than
             the
             rest
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Hold
             !
             You
             are
             going
             to
             describe
             Alexander
             or
             Cesar
             ;
             do
             you
             think
             that
             every
             Field
             ,
             or
             Charge
             in
             Gules
             ,
             can
             pretend
             to
             all
             these
             fine
             things
             ?
             This
             must
             be
             examined
             farther
             by
             and
             by
             :
             at
             present
             I
             shall
             only
             observe
             to
             you
             ,
             that
             though
             I
             have
             a
             great
             esteem
             for
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             the
             Sword
             ,
             and
             don
             't
             in
             the
             least
             intend
             to
             lessen
             the
             just
             Character
             of
             Military
             Glory
             ;
             yet
             I
             conceive
             there
             is
             another
             Profession
             ,
             
             which
             possibly
             does
             not
             glitter
             altogether
             so
             much
             upon
             the
             Sense
             ,
             but
             for
             all
             that
             ,
             if
             you
             touch
             it
             't
             will
             prove
             right
             Sterling
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             Profession
             do
             you
             mean
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             That
             of
             Learning
             ;
             therefore
             if
             you
             please
             ,
             I
             will
             just
             glance
             upon
             the
             Advantages
             of
             Learning
             without
             interposing
             my
             judgment
             by
             way
             of
             comparison
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Do
             so
             ,
             for
             I
             think
             you
             had
             need
             say
             some
             kind
             things
             upon
             this
             Argument
             ,
             to
             make
             amends
             for
             the
             freedom
             you
             took
             with
             it
             in
             our
             former
             Conference
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Don't
             mistake
             me
             ,
             I
             am
             conscious
             of
             no
             Injury
             ,
             and
             therefore
             design
             nothing
             by
             way
             of
             Reparation
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Take
             your
             Course
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             1.
             
             Then
             not
             to
             mention
             that
             Learning
             is
             an
             improvement
             of
             our
             Minds
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             noblest
             part
             of
             us
             .
             I
             say
             not
             to
             mention
             this
             ,
             you
             may
             please
             to
             take
             notice
             ,
             that
             without
             some
             share
             in
             this
             accomplishment
             ,
             War
             it self
             cannot
             be
             successfully
             managed
             .
             Without
             the
             assistance
             of
             Letters
             ,
             a
             Man
             can
             never
             be
             qualified
             for
             any
             considerable
             Post
             in
             the
             Camp.
             For
             Courage
             and
             Corporal
             Force
             ,
             unless
             joyned
             with
             Conduct
             ,
             and
             reach
             of
             Thought
             (
             which
             are
             the
             usual
             effects
             of
             Contemplation
             )
             is
             no
             more
             fit
             to
             command
             than
             a
             Tempest
             ;
             doing
             for
             the
             most
             part
             more
             harm
             than
             good
             ,
             and
             destroying
             it self
             by
             its
             blind
             and
             ill
             directed
             motion
             .
             
             It
             is
             Learning
             which
             teaches
             a
             General
             the
             successes
             and
             events
             of
             Action
             in
             former
             Ages
             ,
             which
             makes
             him
             better
             able
             to
             judge
             of
             his
             present
             preparation
             .
             It
             instructs
             him
             how
             to
             take
             advantage
             of
             his
             Enemies
             ,
             and
             avoid
             those
             miscarriages
             which
             have
             been
             fatal
             to
             others
             before
             him
             .
             It
             teaches
             him
             how
             to
             Fortifie
             and
             Assault
             ,
             how
             to
             manage
             the
             difference
             of
             Ground
             and
             Weather
             .
             It
             lets
             him
             into
             the
             knowledge
             of
             Human
             Nature
             ,
             and
             shews
             him
             how
             to
             understand
             the
             Tempers
             of
             other
             men
             ,
             and
             to
             govern
             his
             own
             .
             It
             discovers
             by
             what
             secret
             Springs
             the
             Passions
             are
             moved
             ,
             what
             are
             the
             most
             probable
             Causes
             of
             Hope
             and
             Fear
             ,
             of
             Resolution
             and
             Cowardise
             ;
             and
             how
             strangely
             they
             are
             mixed
             ,
             and
             varied
             according
             to
             the
             difference
             of
             Climates
             ,
             Governments
             ,
             Conditions
             ,
             and
             Occupations
             ,
             especially
             according
             to
             the
             different
             Age
             ,
             Temper
             ,
             Interest
             ,
             and
             Experience
             of
             those
             who
             are
             in
             Power
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Yes
             ,
             no
             doubt
             it
             teaches
             a
             Man
             to
             take
             a
             Soul
             in
             pieces
             ,
             as
             easily
             as
             a
             Watch
             !
             If
             ever
             I
             heard
             such
             Conjuring
             !
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Pray
             be
             not
             so
             sharp
             ,
             the
             Discourse
             is
             not
             so
             Romantick
             as
             you
             suppose
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Go
             on
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             I
             observe
             that
             the
             Advantages
             of
             Learning
             are
             more
             lasting
             and
             extensive
             than
             those
             of
             Arms.
             The
             Courage
             of
             a
             Soldier
             ,
             does
             his
             Country
             not
             much
             
             service
             after
             his
             death
             ,
             the
             benefit
             of
             it
             being
             usually
             confined
             to
             one
             Age
             :
             whereas
             by
             the
             knowledge
             of
             Men
             and
             Things
             ,
             Publick
             Provisions
             for
             Society
             are
             framed
             ,
             and
             the
             Constitution
             adjusted
             to
             the
             Temper
             ,
             and
             Convenience
             of
             the
             People
             ;
             of
             the
             happy
             effects
             of
             which
             ,
             remote
             Posterity
             is
             often
             sensible
             .
             And
             as
             the
             Consequences
             of
             Valour
             ,
             seldom
             reach
             beyond
             the
             death
             of
             him
             who
             shewed
             it
             ,
             so
             there
             are
             few
             the
             better
             for
             it
             ,
             except
             those
             a
             Man
             engages
             for
             ;
             which
             are
             commonly
             none
             but
             his
             Countrymen
             .
             But
             Learning
             ,
             by
             inventing
             and
             improving
             Arts
             and
             Sciences
             ,
             scatters
             its
             Favours
             in
             a
             much
             larger
             compass
             ;
             becomes
             a
             universal
             Benefactor
             ,
             and
             obliges
             mankind
             in
             its
             most
             comprehensive
             Latitude
             of
             Place
             and
             Time.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             hope
             you
             will
             grant
             that
             Learning
             must
             fly
             to
             the
             Protection
             of
             the
             Sword
             to
             secure
             its
             quiet
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             profits
             accrewing
             from
             thence
             .
             For
             in
             earnest
             ,
             Notions
             ,
             and
             Syllogisms
             ,
             are
             very
             defenceless
             things
             against
             Violence
             .
             If
             we
             had
             nothing
             but
             Philosophy
             ,
             Statutes
             and
             Reports
             ,
             to
             secure
             the
             Peace
             ;
             our
             Meum
             and
             Tuum
             were
             but
             in
             an
             ill
             condition
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             agree
             with
             you
             ,
             and
             shall
             just
             add
             in
             the
             third
             place
             ,
             That
             the
             successes
             of
             Learning
             are
             naturally
             of
             a
             very
             innocent
             Tendency
             ,
             and
             under
             good
             management
             prejudicial
             to
             none
             .
             The
             Conquests
             of
             Arts
             are
             not
             like
             
             those
             of
             Arms
             ,
             gained
             by
             slaughter
             ,
             and
             attended
             with
             ruin
             and
             desolation
             .
             No
             ,
             Here
             is
             nothing
             routed
             but
             Ignorance
             and
             Error
             ,
             nothing
             destroyed
             but
             obstinate
             Humour
             ,
             and
             savage
             Disposition
             :
             
               Emollit
               mores
               nec
               sinit
               esse
               feros
               .
            
             But
             a
             Martial
             Man
             ,
             except
             he
             has
             been
             sweetned
             ,
             and
             polished
             by
             a
             Lettered
             Education
             ,
             is
             apt
             to
             have
             a
             tincture
             of
             sowerness
             ,
             and
             incomplyance
             in
             his
             Behaviour
             .
             And
             therefore
             if
             you
             observe
             your
             old
             Heroes
             in
             Homer
             ,
             (
             for
             want
             of
             being
             Book-Learned
             )
             were
             none
             of
             the
             Gentilest
             Men.
             What
             a
             rugged
             tempestuous
             ,
             unconversable
             Mortal
             was
             Achilles
             ;
             I
             could
             never
             fancy
             that
             same
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Well!
             I
             perceive
             it
             is
             requisite
             for
             a
             Man
             to
             get
             some
             Sense
             to
             his
             Courage
             if
             he
             can
             :
             but
             have
             we
             not
             lost
             all
             our
             Pride
             ,
             and
             gone
             somewhat
             off
             from
             the
             Point
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No
             ,
             We
             have
             only
             fetched
             a
             Compass
             ,
             and
             thrown
             our
             reasoning
             more
             into
             a
             Circle
             to
             invest
             the
             Place
             ;
             and
             now
             we
             will
             come
             on
             directly
             ,
             and
             make
             a
             little
             Assault
             ,
             only
             to
             try
             the
             strength
             of
             the
             Garrison
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Very
             Soldier-like
             !
             In
             plain
             English
             I
             doubt
             you
             are
             attempting
             to
             shew
             that
             it
             is
             not
             so
             much
             the
             Profession
             of
             Arms
             ,
             as
             the
             unexceptionable
             management
             of
             that
             Profession
             which
             makes
             a
             Family
             honourable
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Yes
             .
             Therefore
             before
             we
             fall
             too
             much
             in
             love
             with
             the
             Buff
             in
             the
             Wardrobe
             ;
             we
             should
             examin
             whether
             the
             War
             was
             just
             ,
             whether
             our
             Ancestor
             fought
             in
             defence
             of
             his
             Prince
             and
             Country
             ,
             or
             let
             himself
             out
             to
             any
             person
             who
             would
             hire
             him
             to
             murther
             .
             We
             should
             consider
             whether
             the
             Enterprize
             was
             Great
             and
             Dangerous
             ;
             whether
             the
             Advantages
             were
             gained
             by
             open
             Bravery
             and
             Resolution
             ,
             or
             were
             no
             more
             than
             the
             effects
             of
             Chance
             ,
             of
             Treachery
             ,
             or
             Surprize
             .
             And
             though
             a
             Man
             can
             give
             a
             creditable
             Answer
             to
             all
             these
             Questions
             ,
             he
             should
             then
             remember
             there
             are
             a
             great
             many
             persons
             who
             have
             ventured
             as
             far
             as
             himself
             ,
             and
             yet
             continue
             in
             their
             first
             Obscurity
             :
             so
             that
             had
             it
             not
             been
             his
             good
             Fortune
             to
             have
             fallen
             under
             the
             Notice
             of
             his
             General
             ,
             his
             Merit
             had
             been
             unrewarded
             .
             There
             are
             many
             persons
             who
             perform
             signal
             service
             in
             a
             Breach
             ,
             or
             Scalado
             ,
             and
             yet
             their
             Courage
             is
             often
             unregarded
             ,
             and
             lost
             in
             the
             Crowd
             ,
             and
             Tumult
             of
             the
             Action
             ,
             so
             that
             they
             get
             nothing
             but
             Blows
             for
             their
             Pains
             .
             To
             wind
             up
             this
             part
             of
             the
             Discourse
             :
             let
             the
             Rise
             of
             the
             Family
             be
             never
             so
             considerable
             (
             I
             mean
             none
             but
             Subjects
             )
             it
             ought
             not
             to
             supersede
             the
             Industry
             ,
             or
             stop
             the
             Progress
             of
             those
             who
             are
             thence
             Descended
             .
             For
             if
             we
             rely
             wholly
             upon
             the
             Merit
             of
             others
             ,
             and
             are
             Great
             only
             by
             imputation
             ,
             we
             shall
             be
             esteemed
             by
             none
             
             but
             the
             injudicious
             part
             of
             the
             World.
             To
             speak
             out
             ,
             if
             neither
             the
             advantages
             of
             Fortune
             and
             Education
             (
             which
             often
             concur
             in
             these
             Cases
             )
             the
             expectation
             of
             others
             ,
             nor
             the
             Memory
             of
             worthy
             Ancestors
             ,
             if
             none
             of
             these
             Motives
             can
             prevail
             with
             a
             Man
             to
             furnish
             himself
             with
             Supravulgar
             and
             Noble
             Qualities
             ,
             this
             is
             an
             argument
             that
             he
             is
             either
             under
             a
             natural
             incapacity
             ,
             or
             else
             has
             abandoned
             himself
             to
             Sloth
             ,
             and
             Luxury
             .
             And
             without
             dispute
             he
             is
             most
             emphatically
             mean
             ,
             who
             is
             so
             under
             the
             greatest
             advantages
             and
             arguments
             to
             the
             contrary
             .
             So
             that
             the
             Lustre
             of
             his
             Family
             serves
             only
             to
             set
             off
             his
             own
             Degeneracy
             ,
             it
             does
             
               Facem
               proeferre
               pudendis
            
             and
             makes
             him
             the
             more
             remarkably
             Contemptible
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             You
             are
             smart
             upon
             the
             empty
             Sparks
             !
             And
             I
             perceive
             by
             your
             discourse
             that
             if
             we
             intend
             to
             set
             up
             strong
             ,
             we
             must
             do
             something
             for
             our selves
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Yes
             :
             And
             therefore
             I
             presume
             that
             Women
             have
             more
             reason
             to
             insist
             upon
             their
             Birth
             than
             Men
             :
             because
             they
             have
             not
             so
             fair
             a
             trial
             to
             discover
             their
             worth
             .
             They
             are
             by
             custom
             made
             incapable
             of
             those
             employments
             by
             which
             Honour
             is
             usually
             gain'd
             .
             They
             are
             shut
             out
             from
             the
             Pulpit
             and
             Barr
             ,
             from
             Embassies
             ,
             and
             State
             Negotiations
             ,
             so
             that
             notwithstanding
             (
             as
             I
             believe
             it
             often
             happens
             )
             their
             Inclinations
             are
             generous
             ,
             and
             
             their
             Abilities
             great
             ,
             to
             serve
             the
             publick
             ;
             yet
             they
             have
             not
             an
             opportunity
             of
             shewing
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Truly
             I
             think
             you
             need
             not
             have
             been
             so
             liberal
             to
             the
             Beau-Sex
             ;
             you
             know
             they
             have
             enough
             to
             be
             proud
             of
             besides
             Heraldry
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             What
             do
             you
             mean
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Their
             Beauty
             Man.
             
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Right
             ,
             I
             believe
             that
             may
             disturb
             them
             sometimes
             ;
             but
             they
             have
             no
             great
             reason
             for
             it
             .
             For
             Beauty
             though
             it
             's
             a
             pretty
             varnish
             ,
             yet
             it
             's
             of
             a
             frail
             Constitution
             ,
             liable
             to
             abundance
             of
             Accidents
             ,
             and
             but
             a
             short
             lived
             Blessing
             at
             the
             best
             .
             And
             waving
             this
             Consideration
             ,
             it
             seems
             to
             be
             made
             chiefly
             for
             the
             entertainment
             of
             the
             lookers
             on
             .
             Those
             who
             are
             so
             much
             admired
             by
             others
             ,
             can't
             share
             the
             pleasure
             of
             the
             Company
             without
             the
             help
             of
             a
             Glass
             ;
             for
             the
             Eyes
             which
             shew
             us
             other
             Objects
             cannot
             see
             themselves
             .
             Nature
             seems
             to
             have
             laid
             the
             most
             graceful
             parts
             of
             our
             Fabrick
             out
             of
             our
             way
             ;
             to
             prevent
             our
             vanity
             .
             For
             could
             some
             People
             always
             command
             a
             sight
             of
             their
             Faces
             ,
             they
             would
             Narcissus
             like
             be
             perpetually
             poring
             upon
             their
             Handsomeness
             ,
             and
             so
             be
             neither
             fit
             for
             Business
             ,
             nor
             Company
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             To
             my
             thinking
             you
             have
             not
             cleared
             the
             Point
             ;
             For
             why
             may
             we
             not
             
             insist
             upon
             the
             privileges
             of
             Nature
             ?
             Why
             should
             a
             fine
             Woman
             be
             so
             prodigal
             of
             her
             Beauty
             ,
             make
             strip
             and
             waste
             of
             her
             Complexion
             ,
             and
             squander
             away
             her
             Face
             for
             nothing
             ?
             There
             is
             no
             reason
             persons
             of
             a
             less
             agreeable
             aspect
             (
             except
             they
             have
             some
             other
             advantage
             )
             should
             converse
             with
             beauty
             upon
             a
             Level
             .
             For
             those
             who
             cannot
             furnish
             out
             an
             equal
             proportion
             towards
             the
             pleasure
             of
             Conversation
             ,
             ought
             to
             pay
             for
             their
             insufficiency
             in
             Acknowledgments
             .
             Beauty
             without
             doubt
             was
             design'd
             for
             some
             advantage
             ,
             and
             if
             so
             ,
             certainly
             the
             Owners
             have
             the
             best
             right
             to
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             grant
             it
             ;
             and
             therefore
             it
             's
             allowable
             for
             them
             to
             set
             a
             value
             upon
             their
             Persons
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             disposal
             of
             them
             .
             And
             farther
             if
             they
             have
             a
             mind
             to
             it
             ,
             they
             may
             please
             themselves
             ,
             because
             they
             are
             acceptable
             to
             others
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             generous
             satisfaction
             :
             But
             when
             they
             grow
             humoursom
             they
             spoil
             all
             ;
             For
             Pride
             not
             only
             raises
             a
             prejudice
             against
             their
             Beauty
             ,
             but
             really
             lessens
             it
             .
             For
             if
             you
             observe
             ,
             it
             paints
             an
             ill-natured
             Air
             upon
             their
             Face
             ;
             and
             fills
             them
             with
             spleen
             and
             peevishness
             and
             passion
             ,
             which
             exhausts
             their
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             makes
             their
             blood
             less
             florid
             ,
             so
             that
             their
             Beauty
             is
             neither
             so
             agreeable
             nor
             lasting
             as
             otherwise
             it
             would
             be
             .
             And
             if
             the
             present
             inconvenience
             will
             not
             cure
             them
             ,
             they
             will
             do
             well
             to
             remember
             
             that
             they
             must
             of
             necessity
             grow
             humble
             when
             they
             are
             old
             ;
             unless
             they
             are
             so
             fanciful
             as
             to
             doat
             upon
             Rubbish
             and
             Ruins
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Pray
             let
             us
             take
             leave
             of
             the
             Ladies
             ,
             and
             proceed
             to
             the
             other
             branch
             of
             your
             Division
             ,
             viz.
             to
             acquired
             Nobility
             .
             And
             here
             methinks
             every
             thing
             looks
             unexceptionable
             and
             fine
             upon
             your
             own
             Principles
             .
             For
             here
             we
             are
             beholden
             to
             none
             but
             our selves
             ;
             we
             are
             not
             thrown
             up
             the
             Hill
             by
             anothers
             Arms
             ,
             and
             made
             considerable
             by
             Diversion
             ,
             or
             Chancemedly
             ;
             but
             climb
             the
             ascent
             by
             plain
             Strength
             ,
             and
             indesatigable
             Activity
             .
             Is
             it
             not
             a
             singular
             commendation
             to
             have
             our
             circumstances
             not
             only
             large
             and
             Honourable
             ,
             but
             Independent
             ;
             and
             almost
             to
             create
             the
             privileges
             we
             enjoy
             ?
             Here
             is
             no
             gilding
             of
             a
             coarse
             substance
             ,
             no
             borrowed
             Glory
             ,
             no
             faint
             Reflection
             from
             an
             Ancestour
             ,
             but
             the
             Man
             is
             all
             bright
             and
             luminous
             to
             the
             Center
             ,
             and
             shines
             and
             sparkles
             in
             his
             own
             worth
             .
             He
             is
             not
             Great
             by
             Genealogy
             and
             ancient
             Title
             ,
             by
             the
             Favour
             of
             Fortune
             and
             the
             Labours
             of
             those
             he
             never
             help'd
             ,
             but
             by
             Nature
             and
             Performances
             ,
             by
             having
             Greatness
             incorporated
             in
             himself
             .
             Now
             may
             not
             a
             Person
             who
             has
             thus
             distinguished
             himself
             by
             his
             Merit
             ,
             make
             use
             of
             the
             Honour
             which
             has
             been
             so
             justly
             confer'd
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             put
             the
             Lazy
             and
             less
             significant
             in
             mind
             of
             their
             Defects
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             If
             you
             recollect
             your self
             you
             will
             find
             that
             this
             point
             concerning
             Acquired
             Nobility
             has
             been
             occasionally
             discoursed
             already
             :
             Therefore
             I
             shall
             only
             add
             that
             upon
             supposition
             a
             Man
             has
             obliged
             the
             Publick
             ,
             and
             is
             remarkable
             for
             great
             Abilities
             and
             a
             generous
             Use
             of
             them
             ;
             he
             would
             do
             well
             to
             remember
             that
             there
             are
             others
             who
             have
             ventured
             as
             far
             ,
             and
             performed
             as
             considerably
             as
             himself
             ,
             whose
             Services
             all
             miscarried
             as
             to
             any
             private
             Advantage
             ,
             because
             they
             were
             not
             so
             lucky
             as
             to
             act
             under
             the
             Notice
             of
             those
             who
             were
             able
             to
             reward
             :
             And
             that
             many
             Persons
             well
             furnish'd
             for
             Employment
             and
             Honour
             ,
             go
             out
             of
             the
             World
             as
             obscurely
             as
             they
             came
             in
             ;
             only
             for
             want
             of
             a
             proper
             opportunity
             to
             bring
             them
             into
             Light
             ,
             and
             publick
             View
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             tho
             some
             People
             are
             unlucky
             ,
             ought
             their
             misfortunes
             to
             be
             pleaded
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             Desert
             in
             others
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             No.
             But
             when
             a
             man
             has
             received
             so
             valuable
             a
             consideration
             for
             his
             Service
             as
             Honour
             and
             Estate
             ,
             he
             ought
             to
             acquiesce
             ,
             and
             not
             press
             too
             arbitrarily
             for
             Submission
             .
             He
             should
             not
             set
             a
             tax
             upon
             his
             Conversation
             ,
             and
             put
             the
             Company
             under
             Contribution
             for
             Respect
             .
             Besides
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             the
             first
             Head
             has
             a
             particular
             reason
             to
             manage
             his
             Advancement
             obligingly
             :
             For
             by
             treating
             the
             little
             People
             roughly
             ,
             he
             does
             in
             effect
             but
             expose
             his
             Ancestours
             and
             reproach
             his
             own
             former
             Condition
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             You
             have
             so
             many
             fetches
             with
             you
             !
             But
             what
             do
             you
             think
             of
             Magistrates
             ?
             In
             my
             opinion
             those
             who
             represent
             their
             Prince
             ,
             and
             are
             the
             Ministers
             of
             Justice
             ,
             cannot
             practise
             that
             Humility
             and
             Condescension
             you
             seem
             to
             admire
             ,
             with
             any
             manner
             of
             Decency
             ,
             or
             Security
             to
             the
             publick
             .
             For
             if
             they
             don't
             oblige
             their
             Inferiours
             to
             Distance
             ,
             their
             Reputation
             will
             sink
             ,
             and
             the
             Majesty
             of
             the
             Government
             will
             be
             lessen'd
             ,
             and
             then
             it
             's
             easie
             to
             guess
             what
             the
             consequence
             must
             be
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             agree
             with
             you
             :
             Magistrates
             ought
             to
             assert
             their
             Office
             ,
             and
             not
             make
             themselves
             cheap
             by
             improper
             Familiarities
             .
             But
             their
             Character
             may
             be
             over-strained
             .
             To
             prevent
             which
             inconvenience
             they
             may
             please
             to
             remember
             that
             their
             power
             was
             given
             them
             upon
             a
             publick
             account
             ,
             more
             for
             the
             benefit
             of
             others
             than
             themselves
             .
             They
             are
             deputed
             by
             their
             Prince
             ,
             for
             the
             countenancing
             of
             Virtue
             ,
             for
             the
             ease
             and
             Protection
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             and
             therefore
             they
             should
             discourage
             none
             who
             are
             regular
             and
             fair
             ,
             they
             should
             shew
             their
             Authority
             upon
             nothing
             but
             Insolence
             and
             Injustice
             ,
             Thieves
             and
             Malefactors
             ;
             upon
             those
             who
             affront
             the
             Government
             ,
             or
             break
             the
             Peace
             .
             There
             is
             no
             necessity
             they
             should
             bring
             the
             Air
             of
             the
             Bench
             into
             common
             Conversation
             ,
             and
             wear
             their
             Commissions
             always
             upon
             their
             Faces
             .
             
             To
             manage
             their
             Power
             thus
             singularly
             looks
             like
             a
             little
             private
             Design
             of
             setting
             up
             for
             themselves
             ;
             as
             if
             they
             procured
             their
             Authority
             to
             fright
             the
             Kings
             Liege
             Subjects
             ,
             and
             to
             over-awe
             the
             Neighbourhood
             into
             a
             greater
             Reverence
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             But
             if
             they
             should
             happen
             to
             take
             too
             much
             upon
             them
             ,
             are
             the
             People
             to
             slight
             them
             upon
             this
             account
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             By
             no
             means
             :
             the
             Authority
             ought
             to
             be
             consider'd
             let
             the
             Men
             be
             what
             they
             will.
             However
             in
             general
             I
             observe
             that
             the
             best
             way
             to
             secure
             Observance
             ,
             is
             not
             to
             insist
             too
             violently
             upon
             it
             .
             For
             Pride
             is
             a
             most
             unfortunate
             Vice
             ,
             other
             Immoralities
             usually
             gain
             their
             Point
             ,
             though
             they
             lose
             more
             another
             way
             ;
             but
             a
             Proud
             man
             is
             so
             far
             from
             making
             himself
             Great
             by
             his
             haughty
             and
             contemptuous
             Port
             ,
             that
             he
             is
             usually
             punished
             with
             Neglect
             for
             it
             :
             and
             that
             Disdain
             with
             which
             he
             treats
             others
             ,
             is
             returned
             more
             justly
             upon
             himself
             :
             which
             may
             be
             done
             without
             much
             difficulty
             ,
             in
             regard
             Honor
             is
             not
             become
             a
             property
             so
             far
             as
             to
             have
             all
             it's
             Appurtenances
             bounded
             and
             fix'd
             by
             Law.
             The
             Circumstantials
             and
             oftentimes
             the
             most
             pompous
             part
             of
             Ceremony
             ,
             are
             arbitrary
             and
             undetermined
             .
             For
             we
             are
             not
             told
             either
             by
             Statute
             ,
             or
             Common
             Law
             how
             many
             Bows
             a
             Superiour
             of
             such
             a
             degree
             may
             expect
             from
             
             us
             ,
             nor
             how
             low
             we
             are
             to
             make
             them
             ,
             nor
             how
             often
             the
             terms
             of
             Respect
             are
             to
             be
             used
             in
             our
             Application
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             What
             do
             you
             mean
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             mean
             that
             it
             is
             not
             settled
             by
             Act
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             how
             many
             Sirs
             and
             Madams
             ,
             a
             Discourse
             of
             such
             a
             length
             is
             to
             be
             sprinkled
             with
             ;
             and
             therefore
             a
             cross-grained
             Fellow
             ,
             will
             tell
             you
             he
             has
             his
             Betters
             upon
             their
             Good
             Behaviour
             :
             if
             he
             likes
             their
             humour
             ,
             he
             will
             be
             as
             liberal
             to
             them
             in
             acknowledgments
             as
             they
             please
             ;
             if
             not
             ,
             he
             shall
             take
             the
             freedom
             to
             hold
             his
             hand
             ,
             and
             let
             them
             help
             themselves
             how
             they
             can
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Well!
             I
             cannot
             reconcile
             this
             self-denying
             Humour
             you
             are
             contending
             for
             to
             the
             Character
             of
             a
             Gentleman
             .
             Such
             an
             untoward
             management
             of
             Fortune
             and
             Honour
             as
             this
             is
             ,
             argues
             either
             that
             a
             Man
             wants
             Sense
             to
             understand
             his
             Condition
             ,
             or
             Spirit
             to
             maintain
             it
             .
             To
             throw
             away
             the
             Prerogatives
             of
             our
             Birth
             ,
             or
             the
             rewards
             of
             our
             Industry
             ,
             at
             such
             a
             careless
             Cynical
             rate
             ,
             is
             a
             sign
             of
             a
             Rustick
             inapprehensive
             meanness
             ,
             and
             that
             we
             have
             not
             the
             least
             inclination
             to
             Greatness
             in
             us
             .
             For
             those
             who
             desire
             to
             be
             Great
             ,
             will
             endeavour
             to
             excel
             ,
             and
             those
             who
             excel
             will
             be
             sure
             to
             shew
             it
             ;
             for
             the
             Essence
             of
             Greatness
             lies
             in
             Comparison
             .
             A
             tall
             Man
             loses
             the
             advantage
             of
             his
             Stature
             ,
             unless
             he
             stands
             streight
             ,
             and
             overlooks
             his
             Neighbour
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Methinks
             you
             are
             somewhat
             out
             in
             your
             notion
             of
             Greatness
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Let
             us
             hear
             if
             you
             can
             hit
             it
             better
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             To
             speak
             freely
             ,
             I
             conceive
             it
             a
             much
             more
             substantial
             and
             better
             natured
             thing
             than
             you
             have
             made
             it
             .
             Greatness
             certainly
             does
             not
             consist
             in
             Pageantry
             and
             Show
             ,
             in
             Pomp
             and
             Retinue
             ;
             and
             though
             a
             person
             of
             Quality
             will
             make
             use
             of
             these
             things
             to
             avoid
             Singularity
             ,
             and
             to
             put
             the
             Vulgar
             in
             mind
             of
             their
             obedience
             to
             Authority
             ,
             yet
             he
             does
             not
             think
             himself
             really
             the
             bigger
             for
             them
             :
             for
             he
             knows
             that
             those
             who
             have
             neither
             Honesty
             nor
             Understanding
             ,
             have
             oftentimes
             all
             this
             fine
             Furniture
             about
             them
             .
             Farther
             ,
             To
             be
             Great
             ,
             is
             not
             to
             be
             starched
             ,
             and
             formal
             ,
             and
             supercilious
             ,
             to
             swagger
             at
             our
             Footmen
             ,
             and
             browbeat
             our
             Inferiours
             .
             Such
             a
             Behaviour
             looks
             as
             if
             a
             Man
             was
             conscious
             of
             his
             own
             insignificancy
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             had
             nothing
             but
             Outside
             ,
             and
             Noise
             ,
             and
             ill
             Humour
             ,
             to
             make
             himself
             Considerable
             with
             .
             But
             he
             that
             is
             truly
             Noble
             ,
             has
             far
             different
             Sentiments
             ,
             and
             turns
             his
             Figure
             quite
             another
             way
             .
             He
             hates
             to
             abridge
             the
             Liberties
             ,
             to
             depress
             the
             Spirits
             ,
             or
             any
             ways
             to
             impair
             the
             satisfaction
             of
             his
             Neighbour
             .
             His
             Greatness
             is
             easie
             ,
             obliging
             ,
             and
             agreeable
             ,
             so
             that
             none
             have
             any
             just
             cause
             to
             wish
             it
             less
             .
             And
             though
             he
             has
             a
             general
             kindness
             for
             all
             Men
             ,
             though
             he
             despises
             not
             the
             meanest
             
             Mortal
             ,
             but
             desires
             to
             stand
             fair
             in
             the
             Opinion
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             yet
             he
             never
             courts
             any
             Man's
             Favour
             at
             the
             Expence
             of
             Justice
             ,
             nor
             strikes
             in
             with
             a
             Popular
             Mistake
             .
             No
             ,
             He
             is
             sensible
             it
             is
             the
             part
             of
             true
             Magnanimity
             to
             adhere
             unalterably
             to
             a
             wise
             Choice
             :
             not
             to
             be
             over-run
             by
             Noise
             and
             Numbers
             ,
             but
             to
             appear
             in
             defence
             of
             injured
             Right
             ,
             of
             neglected
             Truth
             ,
             notwithstanding
             all
             the
             Censure
             and
             Disadvantage
             they
             may
             sometimes
             lie
             under
             .
             To
             conclude
             his
             Character
             ,
             A
             Great
             Man
             is
             affable
             in
             his
             Converse
             ,
             generous
             in
             his
             Temper
             ,
             and
             immoveable
             in
             what
             he
             has
             maturely
             resolved
             upon
             .
             And
             as
             Prosperity
             does
             not
             make
             him
             haughty
             and
             imperious
             ,
             so
             neither
             does
             Adversity
             sink
             him
             into
             meanness
             and
             dejection
             :
             for
             if
             ever
             he
             shews
             more
             spirit
             than
             ordinary
             ,
             it
             is
             when
             he
             is
             ill
             used
             ,
             and
             the
             World
             frowns
             upon
             him
             .
             In
             short
             ,
             he
             is
             equally
             removed
             from
             the
             extremes
             of
             Servility
             and
             Pride
             ;
             and
             scorns
             either
             to
             trample
             upon
             a
             Worm
             ,
             or
             sneak
             to
             an
             Emperor
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             In
             earnest
             ,
             you
             have
             described
             a
             Person
             of
             Honor
             :
             And
             I
             am
             so
             far
             pleased
             with
             the
             Character
             ,
             that
             I
             would
             give
             all
             I
             am
             Master
             of
             to
             make
             it
             my
             own
             .
             But
             can
             we
             receive
             no
             other
             Advantages
             from
             Nobility
             ,
             but
             what
             have
             been
             hinted
             already
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             All
             that
             I
             can
             think
             of
             at
             present
             ,
             are
             these
             following
             .
          
           
           
             First
             ,
             It
             gives
             a
             fair
             occasion
             to
             excite
             the
             generosity
             of
             our
             Minds
             ,
             and
             disposes
             us
             to
             the
             imitation
             of
             great
             Examples
             ,
             that
             so
             we
             may
             not
             seem
             unworthy
             our
             Predecessours
             .
             Indeed
             ,
             a
             Man
             is
             bound
             in
             justice
             not
             to
             impair
             the
             Reputation
             ,
             not
             spoil
             the
             Breed
             of
             the
             Family
             :
             but
             to
             hand
             down
             the
             Line
             to
             his
             Posterity
             ,
             at
             least
             with
             the
             same
             good
             Conditions
             he
             received
             it
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             These
             Privileges
             of
             Birth
             may
             serve
             to
             check
             an
             insolent
             Humour
             in
             others
             ,
             who
             behave
             themselves
             contemptuously
             towards
             us
             upon
             lesser
             ,
             or
             but
             equal
             pretences
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             A
             Man
             may
             make
             some
             Advantage
             this
             way
             ,
             when
             he
             falls
             undeservedly
             under
             Publick
             Disgrace
             ,
             or
             is
             unrighteously
             Oppressed
             .
             For
             in
             such
             a
             Case
             ,
             the
             mention
             of
             his
             Ancestours
             seems
             free
             from
             all
             suspicion
             of
             Vanity
             ,
             and
             may
             fairly
             be
             interpreted
             to
             proceed
             either
             from
             self-Defence
             ,
             or
             greatness
             of
             Spirit
             .
          
           
             Fourthly
             ,
             The
             same
             may
             be
             done
             when
             any
             Office
             or
             Promotion
             ,
             may
             Legally
             be
             claimed
             by
             vertue
             of
             an
             honourable
             Condition
             .
             For
             example
             ,
             If
             a
             Man
             should
             put
             in
             to
             be
             one
             of
             the
             Knights
             of
             Malta
             ,
             he
             might
             modestly
             enough
             publish
             his
             Pedigree
             ,
             and
             prove
             his
             six
             Descents
             ,
             against
             a
             less
             qualified
             Competitor
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             If
             you
             are
             at
             a
             stop
             ,
             I
             think
             I
             can
             carry
             your
             concessions
             somewhat
             farther
             .
             For
             ,
             
             as
             I
             remember
             ,
             it
             has
             been
             granted
             already
             ,
             that
             the
             common
             People
             may
             pay
             a
             Respect
             to
             Quality
             ,
             though
             you
             mortifie
             the
             Pleasure
             a
             little
             severely
             in
             those
             who
             receive
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             May
             pay
             a
             Respect
             ,
             call
             you
             it
             ?
             I
             say
             they
             must
             .
             For
             not
             to
             mention
             that
             Gentlemen
             have
             generally
             a
             greater
             share
             of
             Fortune
             and
             Sense
             too
             ,
             than
             those
             of
             vulgar
             Condition
             ;
             not
             to
             mention
             this
             I
             say
             ,
             if
             they
             had
             nothing
             to
             plead
             but
             their
             Quality
             ,
             they
             ought
             to
             be
             regarded
             upon
             that
             Score
             ,
             because
             the
             State
             sets
             a
             value
             upon
             it
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             publick
             and
             considerable
             Reasons
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             I
             perceive
             if
             a
             Man
             will
             but
             stay
             and
             hear
             you
             out
             ,
             you
             are
             civil
             enough
             at
             the
             last
             .
             Pray
             what
             are
             we
             to
             do
             next
             ?
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             Why
             ,
             now
             I
             could
             run
             a
             Discourse
             with
             you
             upon
             the
             inconveniences
             of
             Pride
             :
             and
             snew
             you
             in
             particular
             ,
             what
             an
             unconquerable
             Aversion
             it
             gives
             all
             Mankind
             against
             us
             ,
             when
             we
             are
             overgrown
             with
             it
             .
             How
             it
             multiplies
             ,
             and
             conceals
             our
             Defects
             from
             us
             ,
             and
             makes
             us
             do
             a
             thousand
             silly
             things
             ,
             without
             taking
             notice
             of
             them
             .
             How
             it
             makes
             us
             a
             Prey
             to
             Flatterers
             ,
             and
             puts
             us
             to
             great
             Expences
             only
             to
             be
             laughed
             at
             .
             I
             might
             debate
             with
             you
             ,
             how
             it
             spoils
             Conversation
             ,
             and
             takes
             away
             the
             pleasure
             of
             Society
             .
             How
             often
             Families
             ,
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             Churches
             are
             embroiled
             ,
             and
             the
             World
             turned
             topsiturvy
             by
             this
             Vice.
             These
             and
             many
             other
             ill
             consequences
             
             of
             Pride
             might
             be
             enlarged
             upon
             ;
             but
             this
             part
             of
             the
             Argument
             is
             ,
             I
             conceive
             ,
             more
             proper
             for
             Divines
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             shall
             pursue
             it
             no
             farther
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philot.
             
          
           
             Well
             moved
             !
             For
             now
             I
             think
             it
             is
             almost
             time
             to
             give
             over
             .
          
        
         
           
             Philal.
             
          
           
             I
             won't
             tire
             you
             .
          
        
         
           
             Your
             humble
             Servant
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           THE
           CONTENTS
           .
        
         
           
             SOme
             mistakes
             concerning
             Conversation
             removed
             Page
             3
          
           
             The
             Grounds
             of
             Pride
             enquired
             into
             ,
             and
             shewn
             to
             be
             founded
             in
             Self-Love
             ,
             and
             why
             p.
             5
          
           
             The
             due
             bounds
             of
             Self-Love
             briefly
             examined
             p.
             6
             ,
             7
          
           
             Pride
             described
             ,
             1.
             
             By
             way
             of
             Negation
             p.
             8
          
           
             2.
             
             The
             Positive
             marks
             of
             it
             are
             laid
             down
             p.
             13
          
           
             The
             principal
             pretences
             to
             this
             Vice
             ,
             viz.
             Learning
             ,
             Nobility
             ,
             Wealth
             ,
             Power
             ,
             and
             Beauty
             p.
             17
          
           
             The
             pretences
             of
             Learning
             considered
             p.
             18
          
           
             The
             Office
             of
             Curates
             generally
             misunderstood
             ;
             the
             mistakes
             about
             it
             rectified
             p.
             31
          
           
             The
             depressing
             their
             Character
             ,
             and
             streitning
             them
             in
             point
             of
             Maintenance
             ,
             of
             ill
             Consequence
             to
             Religion
             p.
             35
          
           
             The
             case
             of
             Nobility
             considered
             p.
             51
          
           
             Nobility
             divided
             into
             Hereditary
             or
             Acquired
             p.
             53
          
           
             The
             Privileges
             of
             Antiquity
             examined
             p.
             57
          
           
             Families
             generally
             raised
             either
             by
             Commerce
             ,
             Arms
             ,
             or
             Learning
             p.
             66
          
           
             
             The
             pretences
             of
             Commerce
             inquired
             into
             ,
             where
             likewise
             those
             of
             Wealth
             ,
             are
             occasionally
             handled
             p.
             66
             ,
             69
          
           
             The
             Merit
             of
             Arms
             debated
             p.
             70
          
           
             The
             Advantages
             of
             Learning
             ,
             and
             Arms
             compared
             p.
             73
          
           
             The
             Plea
             of
             Beauty
             argued
             ,
             and
             that
             of
             Acquired
             Nobility
             p.
             79
          
           
             The
             difference
             between
             Pride
             and
             Magnanimity
             p.
             86
          
           
             The
             just
             Advantages
             of
             Nobility
             p.
             88
          
           
             Some
             of
             the
             unhappy
             Consequences
             of
             Pride
             hinted
             .
             p.
             89
          
        
         
           THE
           END
           .