A treatise of the pestilence vvherein is shewed all the causes thereof, with most assured preseruatiues against all infection: and lastly is taught the true and perfect cure of the pestilence, by most excellent and approued medicines. Composed by Thomas Thayre chirurgian, for the benefite of his countrie, but chiefly for the honorable city of London. Thayre, Thomas. 1603 Approx. 137 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 37 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A13646 STC 23929 ESTC S101271 99837087 99837087 1395 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A13646) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 1395) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 978:05) A treatise of the pestilence vvherein is shewed all the causes thereof, with most assured preseruatiues against all infection: and lastly is taught the true and perfect cure of the pestilence, by most excellent and approued medicines. Composed by Thomas Thayre chirurgian, for the benefite of his countrie, but chiefly for the honorable city of London. Thayre, Thomas. [8], 65, [1] p. By E. Short, dwelling at the signe of the starre on bred-streete Hill, Imprinted at London : 1603. Printer's device (McKerrow 278) on title page. Dedication to Sir Robert Lee, Lord Mayor. Running title reads: Preseruatiues against the sicknesse, and the cure of the pestilence. 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Medicine -- Formulae, receipts, prescriptions -- Early works to 1800. 2006-03 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2006-05 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-05 Ali Jakobson Sampled and proofread 2007-05 Ali Jakobson Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion A TREATISE OF THE PESTILENCE : Wherein is shewed all the causes thereof , with most assured preseruatiues against all infection : and lastly is taught the true and perfect cure of the pestilence , by most excellent and approued medicines . Composed by THOMAS THAYRE Chirurgian , for the benefite of his countrie , but chiefly for the honorable city of London . Altissimus creauit medicinam super terram , vir prudens non contemnit illam . Imprinted at London by E. SHORT , dwelling at the signe of the starre on bredstreete hill . 1603. TO THE RIGHT HONORAble Sir ROBERT LEE Knight , Lorde Maior of the renowned City of London , and to the right Worshipful the Sheriffes , and also to all the right Worshipfull the Aldermen their brethren , THOMAS THAYRE wisheth all spirituall and temporall blessings from the Lord in this life , and in the life to come eternall saluation , through Christ Jesu our Sauiour . COnsidering with my selfe , Right Honorable , and right Worshipfull , that nothing is more necessary , nor more desired in the time of dangerous sicknesse and perill of death , then to present vnto the person so standing , the meanes to preserue him from the violence of the same , and to restore the sick from imminent perill of death , vnto his former estate of health ; and perceiuing , right Honorable , that no man had as yet written any treatise , wherein was contained such speciall and excellent medicines , that might be able to resist , and also cure this dangerous and contagious sicknesse ; and likewise to giue sufficient instruction & direction vnto the inhabitants of this Citie , for their preseruation in this infectious time : I was mooued in conscience ( my Lord ) for the dutie I owe , and for the loue I beare vnto this honorable city , to cōmunicate vnto them such preseruatiues , as are , through Gods grace , giuen vnto them able to resist and defend from infection of this sicknesse all such as vse thē . And also I haue set down most excellent & approued medicines , such as I haue practised and approued vnto the great vtilitie of manie , beeing able , through Gods mercy , speedily to cure the most and greatest part of al such as shall be infected with this sicknesse , beeing vsed in time , before the sicknesse hath vtterly ouercome nature . And although my insufficic̄cy to write any publique matter , perswaded me to relinquish my intēded purpose in publishing this treatise , I being the meanest of so many in this land , and vnable to write any plausible stile : yet the truth & plainnes of the matter , the excellency of the medicines , & the vtility that many should find thereby , being vsed , ouercame that doubt of mind , and animated me to proceede in my intended purpose ; not doubting , but assuredly trusting in the Lord , frō whom commeth all health , that this beeing vsed , many shall bee preserued , and cured thereby , to Gods glory and our comfort : he it is on whom we must depend . The Lord hath created medicine of the earth , and giuen great vertue vnto trees , hearbes , gums , stones , and minerals , and all for the helpe of his people in the time of their sicknes . God make vs thankfull vnto him for them , & giue vs grace to be warned by others punishment , and to vse thankfully and diligentlie , the good means for our health : and then I trust assuredly that the Lord will blesse our indeuours , vnto his glory , and our health ' and comfort . And for as much as I haue written this treatise chiefelie in respect of the citie , I haue presumed to dedicate the same vnto your Honor , & vnto the right Worshipfull the Sheriffes and Aldermen your brethren , as a pledge of my loue and humble duty towards you : which if it shall please you to accept in good part , and vouchsafe to patronize mine indeuours , I doubt not but that manie shall finde the benefit therof to Gods glory & their great comfort : and I shall be incouraged some other time , as occasion shall be offred , to performe a work no lesse needfull : Thus beseeching the Almightie to blesse your Honor , & the right Worshipfull your brethren , with all happinesse your hearts can desire , I humblie take my leaue . Your Honors and Worships to command , THOMAS THAYRE . To the louing Reader grace and health from the Lord. CAlling vnto mind ( curteous reader ) the saying of TVLLY , Non nobis solùm nati sumus , &c. we are not born vnto our selues alone , but we owe a dutie and seruice vnto our countrey , our parents , & our friends , and considering with my self vnto my griefe , the sicknesse , the which it hath pleased God to visit vs withall , is greatly increased , dispersing it selfe into manie places of this citie to the griefe of manie : I hauing duly considered thereof , thought it my dutie to vse the small talent that the Lord hath lent me vnto his glory , and the good of my brethren : which moued mee to write this Treatise shewing the causes of the pestilence : the meanes to preserue vs from the infection of this contagious sicknesse : and the way and methode to cure such as shall be infected therewith , vsing the remedie in time , I meane in the beginning of the sickenesse , before nature be ouercome , obseruing the order of this booke . And for as much as this is Gods visitation for our iniquitie , wee must therefore first fly vnto him with contrite hearts , fixing our whole trust in his mercie : And then wee must with all diligence and thankfulnes of heart , vse the good meanes that the Lord hath ordained for our health . For to neglect the meanes , is to contemne Gods gifts ; and we make our selues guiltie of our owne death , and before God we are no better then murtherers , because we haue despised the meanes of our helpe that he hath ordained for vs. But I trust there are none so wilfull and obstinate in this citie . This Treatise ( gentle Reader ) I haue penned , and present vnto thee , plaine and simple , barren of eloquence and filed phrase to delight thee : yet herein is contained most excellent and approued remedies , and as effectuall for the curing of this sicknesse , as are , or haue beene knowne . Vse them in Gods name , and doe not trust vnto light and trifling medicines , considering the strength and daunger of this sicknesse : These haue power and vertue , through Gods grace , to expulse and speedily to cure this infectious sicknesse : and for preseruing a person from infection I haue set downe manie preseruatiues . And for curing the sicknesse I haue set downe foure principall medicines , and three others of lesse strength , to bee vsed when the aforenamed cannot be had . All which you may haue readie or speedily made at euery good Apothecaries . Vse them I counsell thee in the beginning of this sicknesse , for delay breedeth daunger : and death commonly followeth , and medicine comes too late when nature is ouercome by the sicknesse . And for as much as I haue written this Treatise for the benefit of all men in generall , that thinke good to vse it , & haue done it in loue & good wil , so I hope the well disposed will censure it . And no godly and vertuous minded Physition will be herewith offended , or enuy my endeuours , considering it is for the benefit and helpe of many in this or such like dangerous time , wherein many perish for want of counsel and helpe in their sicknesse , at the beginning thereof . And where anie ouersight or defect hath passed in my booke , as I doubt not but that there are some , hauing so short time , and so little opportunity to ouerlooke it , I desire the learned Reader to correct and amend the same : and in so doing I shall be vnto him beholding . And so now taking my leaue , I beseech God of his great mercy to blesse the meanes that we shall vse for our health , vnto the honour , glorie and praise of his holy name , and vnto our health & comfort . Farewell luly the ninth . Non quaero quod mihi vtile est , sed multis . Thine in all friendly loue and good will , Thomas Thayre . A Treatise of the Pestilence : wherein is shewed all the causes thereof , with most assured preseruatiues against all infection . THis contagious sicknes which is generally called the Plague or Pestilence , is no other thing then a corrupt and venemous aire , deadly enemie vnto the vital spirits : most commonly bringing death and dissolution vnto the body , except with spéede good remedy be vsed . I mean not that the aire of it self is a verie poison , for then consequently all persons ( for the most part ) that liue within the aire so corrupted , should be infected , and few or none escape the danger thereof : but my meaning is , that the aire hath in it selfe a venemous qualitie , by reason whereof those bodies wherein there is Cacochymia , corrupt and superfluous humours abounding , are apt and lightly infected , those humours being of themselues inclined and disposed vnto putrifaction . Now I will proceede to shew the causes of this dangerous sicknesse , and also the cure thereof . Now hauing briefly defined what the Pestilence is , I will ( God assisting me ) prosecute mine intended purpose . First , in shewing all the causes thereof , and the cure , and remedie for euerie cause . Entring into due consideration of the causes of the Pestilence that now raigneth , Christian Reader , I find there are thrée causes thereof . The first and chiefest is sinne . The second is the corruption of the aire . The third and last cause , is the euill disposition of the body , bred by euill diet , and the abuse of things called Res non naturales , things not natural : not so called , for that they are against nature , but because through the abuse of them nature is debilitated , corrupted , and oftentimes vtterly destroyed . The first cause , I say , is sinne . The holy Scriptures sufficiently proueth the same , and giueth manie examples how the Lord oftentimes punisheth his people for their sin and impietie of life with the Pestilence . Reade the 14. chapter of the booke of Numbers , and the 11. and 12. verses : where the Lord speaking vnto Moses , saying : How long will this people prouoke me ? and how long will it be ere they beleeue me , for all the signes I haue shewed among them ? I will smite them with the pestilence , and will destroy them , and will make thee a greater & mightier nation then they . Why doth the Lord here threaten the children of Israel his chosen , to strike them with the Pestilence ? the reason is shewed in the same chapter : because ( saith he ) they haue murmured against me , and haue rebelled , not keeping nor obseruing my lawes . And as the Lord spake vnto the children of Israel by Moses , so speaketh he vnto vs dayly by his ministers and preachers of his word . Also reade Deuteronomy the 28. chap. the 1. 2. 3. and 4. verses , and there you shall sée the blessings that the Lord promiseth vnto them , that walke in his waies and kéepe his commandements : And it followeth in the same chapter : But if thou wilt not obey the voice of the Lord thy God , and keep and doe his commandements : The Lord shall make the pestilence to cleaue vnto thee . And many more curses hee pronounceth against them that continue in their sin and iniquitie of life . And further , The Lord shal smite thee with a consumption , & with a feuer , and with a burning ague , and so forth . This spake the Lord vnto the children of Israel his people , and this speaketh the Lord daily vnto vs : but we are slow to repentance and amendment of life . Reade Leuiticus the 26. chap. and the 21. verse . And if you walke stubbornly against me ( saith the Lord ) and will not obey my word , I will bring seuen times more plagues vpon you , according vnto your sinnes . And in the third verse following he saith : I will send the pestilence among you , and you shall bee deliuered into the hands of your enemies . This spake the Lord vnto the inhabitants of Ierusalem , and this speaketh hee vnto vs oftentimes by his Ministers , whom we ought with all reuerence to heare , and with all diligence to follow . Many more places could I cite and inferre out of the sacred Scriptures , to proue sinne to be a cause of the Pestilence , and sometime the onely cause thereof : example in Dauid : example in Pharao , and diuers other , which for prolixitie I omit , hoping this may suffice to proue sinne to bee a cause of the Pestilence , which is indéede as a messenger or executioner sometimes of Gods iustire . Manie and great plagues hath this our land tasted of in times past , and it is not yet tenne yeares since this Citie of London was visited and afflicted with this sicknes , dispersing it selfe into diuers and many places of this land , cutting off and taking away a great multitude of people : and I doubt not but sin was a great cause thereof . O that man would therefore remember the inconstancie and srailtie of this life ! And consider the end of his creation was to serue and glorifie God : but we daily dishonour him by committing of sinne , and not giuing vnto him that honor and seruice that is due vnto the Lord : But placing all our affections vpon the vaine delights and inconstant pleasures of this alluring and deceitfull world , which do as it were bewitch vs , and withdrawe vs from that Christian care that we ought to haue of our saluation , abusing Gods mercie and long sufferance with our delayes and procrastination to turne vnto him , being misebly deluded by satan , and intised by the glittering shewes of this world , to the loue thereof ; and God knowes how soone we must leaue it . I pray God infuse his grace and holy Spirit into our hearts , that sinne may be mortified in vs , and that it may worke in vs a reformation and amendment of life : & that we may henceforth walk in this our short pilgrimage , as Christians and seruants of the Lord , seruing him in all holinesse and pietie of life , contemning the vaine pleasures of this fraudulent world , which are but snares to intrap our soules , and the baites of Sathan to draw vs vnto destruction : then shall we not need to feare death , but say with Saint Paul , Mors mihi lucrum , Death vnto me is gaine , saith he : so is it indéed vnto all the godly : but vnto the wicked it is an entrance into a continuall and eternall punishment : from the which Christ that hath died for vs , deliuer vs. Amen . Now hauing shewed sin to be one cause of the Pestilence , and sometimes the onely cause , when it pleaseth God to punish the impietie of his people , vsing it as the executioner of his wrath : it followeth that I shewe the other causes , whereof the Pestilence may arise . The second cause , is the corruption of the aire . Galen the most excellent and famous Physition in his booke de Differentijs Febrium , saith , there be two causes of the Pestilence : Vnam , aërem vitiatum ac putridum : alterā , humores corporis vitio so victu collectos , & ad putreso endum paratos ; The one cause is ( saith he ) an infected , corrupted , and putrified aire : the other cause is , euill and superfluous humors gathered in the body through haughtie and corrupt diet , which humours be apt and ready to putrifaction . And this is most true , and not onely the opinion of Galen and Hippocrates , the Fathers and princes of Physicke , but of all the learned and iudiciall Physitions of latter time , and at this day . Now let vs consider how , and by what meanes the aire may be corrupted and altered from his wholsom qualitie vnto a venemous dispositiō . Entring into due consideration therof , I finde many causes that may corrupt the aire , all which I will compose or include in these two . The first cause whereby the aire may bée corrupted , is through the vnholsom influence of that planets ; who by their malitious disposition , qualitie , and operations , distemper , alter and corrupt the aire , making it vnholesome vnto humane nature . When the temperature of the aire is changed from his naturall estate , to immoderate heate and moisture , then it corrupteth and putrifieth , and ingendreth the Pestilence . I emit to write what I haue read concerning the alterations and mutations , that are sometimes caused by the superior bodies or planets here below vpon the earth : for vnto the learned it were superfluous , and vnto the vulgar or common sorte , it woulde rather bréede admiration then credite : but this euerie man is to vnderstand , Deus regit Astra , GOD rules the starres : and yet I doubt not , but through the Eclipses , Exaltation , Coniunctions , and aspectes of the Planets , the aire may bée corrupted , and made vnholesome sometimes , in somuch that diuers griefes are bred thereby . The second cause , whereby the aire may be corrupted , is a venemous euaporation arising from the earth , as from fennes , moores , standing muddie waters , and stinking ditches and priuies , or from dead bodies vnburied , stinking chanels and mixsones , and multitudes of people liuing in small and little roome , and vncleanlie kept : all these are causes and meanes whereby the aire may be corrupted . The third cause of the pestilence , is the euill disposition of the body , which is bred by euill diet : the bodie being repleat with corrupt and superfluous humors , which humors bereadie to putrifie and rot vpon anie light occasion : And when such a person doth but receiue into his bodie by inspiration , the corrupted and infections aire , he is therewith by and by infected , his bodie being disposed thereunto through superfluous and corrupt humors abounding : whereas contrarie wise , a body of a good disposition , I meane a body frée from grosse , corrupt , and superfluous humors , is not castlie or lightlie infected , because there is not that matter for the infectious ayre to worke vpon . And againe , nature is more stronge to repell the infectious or corrupted ayre , if it be receiued : and this is the cause why one person is rather infected then another ; namelie the disposition of the bodie . Now hauing shewed all the causes of the pestilence ; I will ( GOD assisting mée ) set downe the cure and remedie for euerie cause , which causes being taken away , the effect which is the sicknesse , must néedes cease . The first cause , I say , is sinne : and this ought first to be taken awaie , and then I dare vndertake ( by Gods assistance ) my corporall medicines shall soone staie this furious sicknesse . Sinne is a sicknesse of the soule ; the cure thereof dooth consist in these two points . The first , is true , hartie , and faithfull repentance , with all contrition of heart confessing thy sinnes vnto the Lorde , with faithfull prayer vnto Christ Iesu , that it will please him to be an aduocate and mediator vnto the Lorde for the forgiuenesse of thy sinnes . Do this , and thou shalt find GOD mercifull , hee is readier to forgiue then we to aske forgiuenesse of him . He would not the death of a sinner , but with all mercy , patience , and long suffering wayteth and expecteth our conuersion vnto him . The second point , is newnesse of life : for what shall it auaile vs to haue forgiuenesse of our sinnes , if we fall into the same againe , and walke in our former euilnesse of life ? This will but increase Gods wrath and indignation against vs , and exasperate him to punish our impietie of life with all seueritie . Therefore , I counsell thee , as thou tendrest the saluation of thy soule , flie from euill , and do the thing that is right ; walke vprightlie before him in newnesse and holinesse of life : for the Lord séeth all thy waies , and knoweth the thoughts of thy heart long before . Remember thy time here is but short , and death will sommon thee ( thou knowest not how soone ) to giue an account how thou hast spent thy time , and vsed the talent that the Lord hath lent thée here on earth . Then shalt thou stād before the tribunall seat of the Almightie & iust Iudge , where all thy whole life shal be laide open , and all thy actions , and thoughts of thy heart made manifest and knowne . Then happy and ten times happie are they , vnto whom the Lord shall say : Come yee blessed of my Father , receiue ye the Kingdome prepared for you before the beginning of the worlde . But how vnhappie , and in what miserable estate are they , vnto whom the Lord shall say : Goe you cursed into eternall darknesse , a place of punishment appointed for you : where there is horror , weeping and gnashing of teeth . This is the place appointed for the vngodly worldlings that wallow and continue in their sinne , neglecting the seruice of the Lord : for which end they were created . Consider this ( good Christian Reader ) and defer no time to turne vnto the Lord : for this life of ours is fraile , vnconstant , and very vncertaine . We haue examples daily before our eies of the vncertainty thereof , to day a man , to morrow none . Homo natus Muliere paucorum dierum est , & repletur inquietudine , saith Iob : Man that is borne of a woman his daies are fewe , and is full of misery . For thy further instruction , I refer thée vnto the godly and learned Diuines , heare them : for they are the messengers and ministers of the Lorde , appointed to teach his people , and in mée it might be noted for presumption , to take vpon mée the office of another man , hauing in this point more néede to be taught my self , then able to instruct others . The cure of the soule belongeth vnto them , and thē cure of the body vnto me . I will now hasten vnto the second cause , which is the corruption of the aire . I haue shewed before all the causes that may corrupt the aire : it followeth now that I teach the correction , purging and altring of the aire corrupted , which is the second cause of the pestilence . And first I would counsel you , that al the stréetes , lanes , and allies be kept cleane and swéete , as possible may bée , not suffering the filth and swéepings to lie on heapes , as it dooth , especiallie in the suburbes , but to be caried awaie more spéedily : for the uncleane kéeping of the stréetes , yéelding as it dooth noisome and vnsauory smelles , is a meanes to increase the corruption of the aire , and giueth great strength vnto the pestilence . Also , that al the pondes , pooles , & ditches about the City , if they yéeld any stinking and noisom smels , that they be scoured and clensed : for there ariseth from them an euill and vnholesome aire , which furthereth the corruption of the aire , and worse will do in hotter weather . Also , that you suffer no mixsons to be made so néere vnto the Citie as they are , but to be caried far off : neither any dead carion to lie vnburied , as I haue séene , but to be caried forth and buried déepe . Also , that euerie Euening you make small and light fiers with Oken wood , in those stréets where the infection is , either two , or thrée fiers , according vnto the length of the stréete or place infected ; the wood being consumed , cast in some stickes of Iuniper ; and therewithall , two , thrée or foure rowles of perfume that I haue here set downe in my booke , which I would wish were vsed through the whole Citie in your chambers and houses , cast in vpon some coles in a chafingdish or fuming pot , in the Morning and Euening . This fumigation hath a most excellent and singular propertie , to purge and alter a corrupt and vnholsome aire . But peraduenture some men for want of Iudgement , wil think this my direction ouer curious & of small validity : but I do and will affirme , that the vse thereof is very requisite , and of great force & vtility , and the best meanes for the purging and altering the euill qualitie of the aire , that is knowne vnto man. This fumigatiō is to be vsed where the infection is , in the euening , and also in the morning ; & is of great force for the purging of the aire , and altering the euill qualitie thereof : which I wish were dayly vsed through the Citie , in their houses and chambers , for the excellent vertue thereof . R. Storax , Calamint , Labdanum , Cypresse-wood , Myrrhe , Beniamin , Yellow Sanders , Ireos , red Roseleaues , Flowers of Nenuphar , of each one ounce ; liquid Storax one ounce , Cloues one ounce , Turpentine one ounce , Withy cole fiue ounces , Rose-water as much as wil be sufficient to make them vp in trochis , & let them be two drams in weight . The wood béeing consumed , cast in some stickes of Iuniper , and after it cast in two or thrée of these trochis , which will yéelde a comfortable smell and purge the aire . Another more swéete and delectable for the better sort , to vse in their houses and chambers dailie . R. Storax , Calamint , Labdanum , Cypresse-wood , Frankēcense , Beniamin , of each of thē half an ounce ; red Roseleaues dried , yellow Sanders , of each two drams ; Cinamon , Cloues , wood of Aloes , of each of them one dramme ; flowers of Nenuphar one dram ; liquid Storax halfe an ounce , gum Dragagant two drams , and muske six graines , Withy cole three ounces , Rose Water as much as will suffice to make it vp in Trochis . This I would counsell Gentlemen , and Citizens to vse dayly in their houses and chambers , for the excellent operation it hath . Also it is good for want of these , to burn in your houses and chambers Iuniper , Frankincense , Storax , Baylaues , Marierom , Rose marie , Lauender , and such like . Now hauing shewed the remedies for the two first causes ; it followeth , that I teach the cure of the third and last cause , which is the euill disposition of the body , through superfluous , corrupt , and euill humors abounding . Here is the cause , and these corrupt and superfluous humors must be taken away before the body can bée in any good estate of health . And this is the reason that diuers persons liuing together in one aire , that one is infected and not another , namely , the disposition of the body : for those naughtie , corrupt , & superfluous humors , are of themselues apt and disposed vnto putrefaction , and if it so chance that they do putrefie of themselues , then there arise dangerous feuers , according vnto the nature of the humor that corrupteth . As for example , If choler do putrifie within the vesselles , it ingendreth febris ardens or febris causon , a hot and a dangerous feuer , working his malice in the concauitie of the liuer and lunges and about the heart , & except remedy be administred the person dieth . And so when any of the other humors doe putrefie , there springe feuers , according vnto their nature , as the learned knowe . Now such bodies ( I say ) wherein there is such superfluous humors abounding , in the time of any infection , receiuing into their bodies the corrupt and venemous aire , are thereby infected : And these humors turned not only into putrefaction , but into a venemous qualitie , by the operation of the infectious aire Whereas in bodies voide and frée from such superfluous humors , there the infectious aire hath not such matter to worke vpon : and againe , nature is more strong and forcible to resist and expell a corrupt and infectious aire although receiued . Here the reason is apparant why one person is infected and not another . And very niedfull it is especiallie in this time of sicknesse , that this euill disposition of the body be taken away and amended , by purging and euacuating of the perccant humors . For which purpose I wil set down a very excellent and approued potion , which purgeth the blood and disburdeneth the body of superfluous humors both choler , flegme , and melancholie , opening attracting and euacuating the corrupt and vitious humors of the body , to the great comfort , helpe and ease of those that vse it with discretion , as I shall direct them : the making or composition whereof I haue here set downe . But first taking this sirrup thrée morninges before you purge , two spoonefuls euerie morning , fasting after it two or thrée houres , and vse your accustomed diet as before . R. Oximell two ounces , sir . de quinque radicibus two ounces , misce . R. Good Rubarbe two drammes , spicknarde six graines , Sene halfe an ounce , Fenill seede , and annisseede of each halfe a dramme , flowers of Borage and buglosse , of each halfe a little handfull ; Water of Endiue and fumitarie of each of them fiue ounces , and so make your infusion . Let this infusion be made in some earthen stupot close couered and paasted that no breath or vapor goe forth , and let it stand seuen or eight howers vpon some imbers , or small coles , and but warme : after which time straine it forth and put thereunto of Diacatholicon one ounce , Diaphenicon halfe an ounce , Electuarium Succo rosarum halfe an ounce , mix these with the infusion aboue written , and this will be a sufficient quantitie for thrée daies , taking the third part the first day , and on the second day the halfe of that which was left , and the other part the third day : take it early in the morning , and sléepe not after the taking of it , neither eate , nor drinke vntill it hath wrought his effect , & then take some broth made with a chicken or a capon , and for want thereof with veale or yonge mutton , as you can bee prouided , with resins of the sunne stoned , two or thrée dates , a little parsely put thereunto , and thickned with some crummes of bread . When your potiō hath done working you may take of this broth , and also a little of your meate sparingly , and in the euening make a light supper with a chicken , or a rabbet , or such like meat that is light and easie of digestion , yéelding good nutriment : The next day early , take another part of your drinke , and vse your selfe as the day before . And likewise the third day , take that part of your potion that remained , and vse your selfe as before taught . This being done , rest a Gods name , & vse a good and a moderate diet , and beware of excesse and superfluitie ; for he that vseth it shall fall into the hands of the Phisition , but he that dieteth him selfe prolongeth his life . Now if it so happen that your potion do not worke within two howers after the receiuing thereof , which is verie seldome séene in any body , then take a little of your broth , or if it be not readie a little thinne alebrue , either of which will cause it to worke forthwith . Or if you feare through weakenes of your stomacke , you shall vomit after the taking thereof , then as soone as you haue receiued your potion , let there be made ready a browne tost , which being dipt and sokened in good vinegar , holde it vnto your nose , and smell therunto sometime . You ought to kéepe your chamber during the thrée daies , that you take your potion . And it is very requisite also , that you kéepe your house the day after your purging : because the pores of the body will be opened thereby . This potion is of great vertue , and not only deliuereth the body from a disposition to be infected with this sicknesse ; but also from many other griefes and diseases springing and arising by repletion , and corruption of humors , and very gently and easily purgeth both choler and flegme from the stomacke without molestation of the body , or weakning of nature . And this is especiallie good for such as want appetite vnto their meate , and such as féele an vnweildinesse , and slouthfulnesse in themselues , hauing no delight in exercise , dulnesse of the wit and sences , more sléepie then accustomed to be , shiuering of the body , mixed with heate , as if they should haue an Ague . And if any thinke this a tedious course , and therefore loath , or vnwilling to vse it , let them consider that health is not obtained without some meanes be vsed , and let them not thinke much to take a little paines for the gaining of so pretious a Iewell , without the which although abounding in worldly wealth , yet we can take delight , pleasure , or contentation in nothing : As for healthy bodies , such as are free from corrupt and superfluous humours , vsing a good diet and exercise of bodie , such ( I say ) are not lightly infected as others are , in whom there is repletion : it shall be sufficient for them without purging to vse anie of the preseruatiues I haue set downe in this booke . And let them bée assured by the vse thereof , and by Gods assistance , from all infection , although the sicknesse were more strong and powerfull then it is : And although I assuredly know , that this potion béeing vsed may suffice to take away the euill disposition of the body , yet because I know many would bee loth to be inioined to kéepe their chamber foure dayes as they ought to doo , that vse this potion or any other purging potion , I haue for their benefite set downe a most excellent pill that purgeth all corrupt , and superfluous humors , and is with all a very good preseruatiue , defending the body from all infection . The Composition of the pill . R. Good Rubarbe one dramme and a halfe , Saffron two scruples , Trochis of Agarick one dram ; of chosen Myrrhe one dram , Aloes the best two drams , syrrup of Roses solutiue as much as will suffice to make them in pilles . Take a dram of these pils early euery morning , for fiue or six dayes together , taking two or thrée houres after them a little thin broth , and vse a sparing diet for these fiue or six dayes , and let your meat bée light and easie of digestion : you shall haue two or thrée stooels daily or foure in some bodies . Notwithstanding you may safely goe abroad about your businesse , without any inconuenience at all . And hauing now shewed how the euill disposition of the body may be amended , and taken away by gentle purging and euacuating of the peccant humors , bred by euill diet , and the abuse of the six things called , Res non naturales , whereof I will briefly speake , teaching what ought to be auoided , as hurtfull and preiudiciall vnto your health . In receiuing of the aire . The aire is one of the Elements wherof our bodies are composed ; and without the inspiration , and respiration thereof we cannot liue : and therefore it standeth much with our health , that the aire which we receiue into our bodies , bée swéete , holesome and vncorrupt . And I counsell al men that they auoide all places of infection , all stinking and noisome smels ; and when they are disposed to walke , that they walke in gardens , or swéete and pleasant fieldes : but neither early nor late at night . I haue set downe the making of a good pomander , the which I would wish to bee worne not only of Gentlemen , but of others also for the good property it hath both in resisting a corrupt , noysom , and stinking aire , and in comforting the senses . I doe not intend in this place to write of the nature of aires and the election thereof ; it would be ouer tedious , who so desireth it , let him reade Hippocrates de flatibus : also Auicen , and Rasis haue written copiouslie thereof . And you ought to obserue aire as meate , cold sicknesses require warme aire , drie sicknesses moist aire : & so in the contraries , to them that be long sicke , change of aire is very commodious ; & to such as be in health , a temperate aire is most holesom . And where the aire is infected and corrupted , I haue set downe most excellent perfumes , for the correcting and purging thereof both for the stréets , houses and chambers , and by the vse thereof the euill qualitie of the aire shal be taken away . In eating and drinking . In eating and drinking , we ought to consider that the meates that we eate and receiue for the nourishment of our bodies be swéete and holsome , yéelding good iuyce : for such as the meat is , such humors it bréedeth in the body : if it be harde of digestion it dooth debilitate and weaken nature , and ouercharge the alteratiue vertue of the stomacke : if swéet , it bréedeth oppilations , whereof dangerous feuers arise ; sower cooleth nature and hasteneth age : moist dooth putrifie and hasten age , drie sucketh vp naturall moisture , salt dooth fret , bitter dooth not nourish , so that in diuersitie of meates is great diuersitie of qualitie . A man that is in health ought to vse a temperate diet , and féeding sparingly vpon one , two or thrée dishes at the most , and if we meane to liue in anie health of bodie all superfluitie , & repletion of meates is to be abhorred . Consider with thy selfe , thou art a man indued with reason , and therefore in thy diet and all other thy actions let reason and temperance gouerne thine appetite & affections : through surfetting manie one hath perished , but he that dieteth himselfe , prolongeth his life . The varietie of meates at one meale bringeth paine vnto the stomacke , offendeth nature , and doth ingender and beget many diseases , as Galen witnesseth , reason teacheth , and experience approueth . Therefore whoso is in health , and desireth to continue therein , let him obserue this rule . Let his meate that he vseth be wholsome & nourishing , such as best agréeth with his nature and complexion : for vnto some men béese is more holesome and better then chickens , or such like fine meates : the reason is , digestion is strong through heate , as in cholerike persons , in whom light and fine meates are rather burnt then digested : therefore grosser meates are for them more holesome and better . And let him also note what meates doe offend , or disagree with him , and let him refuse it as hurtfull : and in so doing he shall be a Physition vnto himselfe . Note also that thou maist eate more meate in winter then in sommer , because digestion is more strong , by reason that naturall heat is inclosed in the stomacke , but in summer vniuersally spread abroad into the whole body : so the stomacke wanting this naturall heate , digestion is thereby more weake . Cholerike persons and children may eate oftner then anie other , by reason of their heate and quicke digestion . Time and place will not permit mee to write what I would concerning diet , the obseruation whereof is a verie speciall meanes for the preseruation of health : & many times sicknesses are cured by the benefit of diet . In hote sicknesse vse a cold diet : in a moist sicknesse vse a drying diet , Contraria contrariis curantur : all distemperatures are cured by their contraries . I will here end of diet : wishing thée to remember this saying of Hippocrates , Studium sanitatis est non satiari cibis , the means or studie to preserue health , is to eschue fulnesse or superfluitie of meates and drinkes . So is it indéede , and especially in a time of sicknes , as this is . And it is now excéeding good with all your meates to vse sharpe sauces made with vinegar , or rose vinegar , Orenges , Limons , Pomegranates , and a little Cinnamon and Maces . But forbeare and refuse all hot spices , and strong wines , Onions , Garlicke , Léekes , Cabage , Radish , Rocket , and such like : the vse of them is verie hurtfull and dangerous . But these are good and holesome : Borage , buglosse , sorrell , endiue , cichorie , violets , spinage , betonie , egrimonie , they are good both in salades , sauces , and broth : and your diet ought in this time of infection to bee cooling and drying . Of sleeping and waking . God hath created the day for man to labour in his vocation and calling , and the night to rest and sléepe , which is so naturall and néedfull , that without it wée cannot liue . In sléepe our senses haue their rest , the powers animall are therewith comforted & strengthened , the mind quieted , digestion furthered , and finally the strength of the body maintained : and without sléepe wise men should be soone chaunged into idiote fooles . And sléep is no lesse needfull for the preseruation of our liues then foode . These are of themselues good , but we , through the abuse of them , change their natures , and make them hurtfull vnto vs. Immoderate sléepe , and sléeping in the day is very euill : it dulleth the wit , it repleats and fils the bodie with euil humours , it ingendreth rheume , and maketh the body apt vnto palsies , apoplexies , falling sicknesse , impostumes ; and finally , slow and vnapt vnto any honest exercise . Note also that we ought not to sléepe immediately after meat before it be descended from the mouth of the stomacke , for thereby digestion is corrupted , and paines , and noise in the belly ingendred : Also our sleepe is made vnquiet and troubled by euill vapours ascending : therefore I counsell all men that are in health , and desire the continuance thereof , that they auoid sléeping in the day time , especially lying vpon a bed : and if they must néeds sléepe , being accustomed so to do , let them take a nap sitting in a chaire . And in manie sicknesses sléepe is dangerous : so is it after the receiuing of anie poison , or vnto a person infected with the pestilence : the reason is , sléep draweth the blood and spirits inward , & therewithall attracteth the venome vnto the nutrimentall or vitall partes : therefore if a person doubt that he is infected , let him refraine from sléepe , and let him take without delay some good medicine set downe against the sicknesse , and sweate therewithall . And as I haue shewed the inconuenience of too much , or immoderate sléepe : so I say ouer-much watching is no lesse hurtfull vnto nature . It doth debilitate the powers animall : it weakeneth the naturall strength of the bodie , bringeth consumptions , bréedeth melancholie , and oftentimes the frensie . Therefore both in this and all other things , we must vse temperance , sobrietie and moderation . Of exercise and rest . Galen counselleth vs , if we desire to preserue health , that we vse exercise of bodie : it makes digestion strong , and more quicke alteration , and also better nourishing : it strengtheneth the bodie , it increaseth heat , drieth rheumes , it openeth the pores of the bodie , whereby humours offending nature are expulsed : it is indéede the preseruer and maintainer of health , as Galen , Auicen , and Corn. Celsus teach , and experience approueth . Idlenesse and rest is a contrarie vnto exercise : it is the mother of ignorance , the nurse of diseases , it corrupteth the mind , it dulleth the bodie , filling and repleating it with superfluous and euill humours , which breede manie sicknesses . And as exercise and labour is a preseruer of health , so idlenes is the shortner of life , enemy vnto the soule and body , and very vnprofitable in a Cōmon-wealth , and also hurtful in a priuate house . And remember this , that vehement exercise be not vsed presently after meate , for it wil conueigh crude and vndigested iuyce vnto each part , which is very euil & hurtfull . But exercise is good before meate , and two or thrée howers after meate , being moderately vsed . Exercise is best and most conuenient , when the first and second digestion is complete , as well in the stomacke , as in the vaines . But in such a time of infection as this is , I cannot commend exercise , because it will too much open the pores , and the pores being opened , the bodie is apt to receiue the infectious aire . Much more would I say of the benefit of exercise , and the inconuenience of idlenesse , but that I should be ouer-tedious in this place . Of fulnesse and emptinesse . All fulnesse and superfluitie of meates are to be eschued , for as much as they make repletion : And all bodies in whom there is repletion , are apt to bee infected . And such bodies must endeuour to kéepe themselues soluble : All euacuations are good for them , as purging and bléeding , except some speciall cause doth forbid it : And let them vse a sparing and frugall diet . And they may safely , and with great profit vse the pill I haue set downe before in my booke . And as I haue said , repletion is an enemie vnto health , bringing and begetting sicknesse , and sometime sodaine death : so is too much fasting and emptinesse , no lesse hurtfull : it weakeneth the braine , and drieth the whole bodie , consuming the radicall moisture in man , and shorteneth life . And as repletion is to be abhorred and auoided , so is too much emptinesse to be eschewed : and as I haue said , we must vse a mediocritie in all things . Of affections of the mind . Affections of the mind are called by M. Cicero , Perturbations . Galen calleth them Pathemata vel affectus anims , and nothing is more hurtfull in this time of sicknesse , nor greater enemie vnto life , then feare , sorrow , anger , heauinesse and griefe of mind . Anger is a dangerous passion : it chafeth the bloud , and disquieteth the heart : it inflameth the spirits : which ascending vp into the head , annoieth the animall powers or faculties . This passion cholericke persons , tyrants and fooles are much troubled withall , and oftentimes in their wrath perform wicked and vnlawfull actions , Feare , sorrow , and griefe of mind are no lesse hurtfull vnto the body : for they waste the naturall heat and moisture , wherein life consisteth ; making the bodie leane and drie , whereupon consumption followesh : it dulleth the wit and vnderstanding , and draweth the spirits and bloud inward to the heart : and withall attracteth the venemous and infectious aire , if we liue within the compasse thereof . If I should here stand to write of all the perturbations for the mind , defining and distinguishing them one from another , shewing the wonderfull effects of them , and the inconuenience therof , I should be ouer tedious in this short Treatise , and it might seeme impertinent in this worke : onely this I wish thée to remember , Sub te erit appetitus tuus , & tudominaberis illi : Vnder thée shall be thine appetite , and thou shalt beare rule ouer it , saith the Lord. We must therefore maister our affections : for if they be not ouer-ruled and gouerned by wisedome , they will excéede , and proue daungerous enimies both vnto soule and bodie . And in this time of sicknes we ought specially to auoid these perturbations of the mind , and to vse all vertuous and commendable mirth , swéete musicke , good companie , and all laudable recreation that may delight you , and vse the perfumes in your chambers , and in other roomes of your houses that I haue set downe , being cast into a fuming pot or chafing dish vpon a few coales . Do this euening and morning : the charge thereof is small , but the vtilitie is great . It purgeth the aire , and taketh away the euill qualitie thereof . Now hauing shewed what ought to be auoided , it followeth , that I set downe preseruatiues that may resist all infection : which God assisting me , I will do . First of all , I counsell all men in whom bloud doth abound , the which they may easily know themselues , by the heate of their bodies , colour , largenesse and fulnesse of their vaines , that they be let bloud in the liuer vaine in the right arme : and let the quantitie be according vnto the strength of the person . Also that all men in generall auoid all bathes and hote-houses , and all vehement exercise , that may ouerheate the body , and inflame the bloud . Also the companie of women this hote and contagious time is verie hurtfull , and therefore ought to be vsed with great moderation . Also walking verie early in a morning , and verie late in the euening , is hurtfull and dangerous . Also auoide all prease and throng of people where a multitude are assembled , & al noisome & vnsauourie places . Now hauing shewed all the causes of the pestilence , and set downe the cure and remedie for euerie cause : I will by Gods assistance , for the care I haue of the preseruation of the inhabitants of this honorable citie , and for the loue I beare vnto them and my countrie , communicate vnto them most excellent and approued preseruatiues and of singular vertue : which whose vseth them , shall not néed to feare the infection of this contagious sicknes . First , with an humble and contrite heart desire mercie of the Lord : and then commend thy selfe vnto his protection : which being done , vse the good meanes he hath ordained for thy health . Pilles of especiall vertue in preseruing all that vse them . R. Good Aloes half an ounce washed in rosewater : of good myrrhe , of saffron , of each two drams : bolearmoniac . praep . one scruple : seed pearle one scruple : sir . of limons as much as wil suffice to make them in pilles , or in a masse . Take halfe a dramme hereof made in pilles euerie second or third day in the morning ; faste after it thrée or foure houres : but it shall be good for you to take a little thinne broth , or a little alebrue , or sixe or eight spoonefuls of wine within an houre after , and vse your accustomed diet , as before . Another pill that doth more moue the bodie , and giueth two stooles , or three in some bodies , and this is good for such as are costiue , and in whom humours abound . R. Good Rubarbe , chosen myrrhe , of each one dram ; chosen aloes two drams : zedoarie roote one scruple : saffron one scruple : sirrup of Roses solutiue as much as will suffice to make the masse . This pill purgeth gently , and preserueth the bodie from all infection . Such bodies in whom humours doe abound , and are most commonly costiue , may vse these pilles , taking half a dram euerie morning , for thrée , foure , fiue , or sixe dayes together , as they please . Take after it either a little thin broth , or of an alebrue , or a draught of wine , if it bée not too hote for your complexion , and vse your ordinarie diet as accustomed , if it be good . Another very good Preseruatiue , and worthy of much commendations . R. Of good Mithridatum halfe an ounce , Angelica root in powder two drams , of Theriaca andro , half an ounce , Bolearmoniac . praep . two drams , conserues of Roses and Borage halfe an ounce , seede of Citrons two scruples , sirup of Limons one ounce , mix them , make halfe this receite . Or this which is very good . R. Good Mithridatum halfe an ounce , Conserues of Roses halfe an ounce , Bolearmoniack praep . two drams , mix them . Take as much of this euery morning as a nut , and fast after it two or thrée howers . A good pill and an assured preseruatiue . R. Aloes optima foure drams , lota in aqua Rosarum ; Myrrh elect . two drams , Croci two drams , rad . Zedoariae one scruple , Boli armeni one scruple , sir . limonum Q. S. fiat massa . Take halfe a dram of these pilles in the morning , you may mix it if you wil with a little white wine this sommer , and drinke it , and be frée from infection . Another of most excellent vertue , and an assured preseruatiue . R. Boli armeni praep . halfe an ounce , Dictamni albi two drams , Cinamoni three drams , Rosarum one dram , rad . Angelicae two drams , rad Turmentillae , rad . Gentianae of each two drams , sem . Limonum one dram , Santalorum omnium ana one dram , Cornu cerui rasurae , flo . Buglossae . fol. scabi , rad . turmentillae , rad . Zedoariae ana one dram , oxyaloes , nucis muscatae , Granatum Iuniperi , ossis de corde . cerui ana halfe a dram , Saphiri , hyacinthi , smaragdi , rubini , Granati praep . ana one scruple , Margaritarum two scruples , foliorum Auri one scruple , puluerizantar & cum sir . exacetosa Q. S. fiatelectuarium . This is to be taken euery morning , a scruple or two scruples daily , and is a most excellent and an assured preseruatiue against al infection . Another that defendeth all men that vse it , from the infection of this contagious sicknesse . R. Theriaca Andromachi , mithridatum optimum ana two drams , conser Rosarum three drās , Boli armeni praep . two scruples , sem . vel rad . Angelicae two scruples , sem . citri halfe a dram , sir . Limonum halfe an ounce , misce . Take of this euery morning , the quantitie of a hasel nut , or any other time of the day if you goe among any throng of people , or where the sicknesse is , but you ought to faste after it a while . The common pils against the pestilence , that defend al them that vse them from infection . R. Good Aloes halfe an ounce , Myrrhe , saffron of either of them two drams , let them be beaten in a morter , and put to them a little white Wine or sweet wine , & incorporate it together , make them in pils , & so take them if you will , half a dram in the morning , and drink after them an hower a draught of white wine : these although plaine , are very good : & I would they were more vsed for their vertue . But women great with child may not take of these pils , neither of the other pils set down before : let them content themselues to eate in a morning , some conserues of sorrell , roses , or borrage , wherewith they may mix some sirrup of Limons , and let them be mery and vse a good diet , and good company to passe the time away , and this is the best medicine I can aduise them . The vse of Orenges , Limons , and Pomgranats , is very good ; so is Vinegar , cloues , maces , saffron , sorel with your meat , or * either of them in a morning with sugar is good . Let all your meates be drest and saused with vinegar , Orenges , and Limons , maces and saffron , and a little cinamon , and auoide al strong wines , and hot spices . Now hauing set downe most excellent preseruatiues for the Gentilite , Citizens and better sorte , it followeth , that I likewise teach the commons how they may preserue themselues in this time of infectiō : but first of the Pomanders , which are apreseruatiue against this infection for the Gentlewomen and Citizens of this place . A very good Pomander to be worne of all the better sort against this infection , and stinking and noisome smels when they go abroade . R. Labdanum , of the rinds of Citrons ana one dram ; of the three kinds of Sanders ana half a dram ; wood of Aloes , flowers of Buglosse , and Nenuphar , Rose leaues ana two scruples , alipta muscatae half a scruple ; Cloues , Marierō ana one scruple ; Zedoary roote one scruple , Beniamin one dram , Storax Calamita one dram and a half , Campher half a dram ; Muske , Amber greece ana foure graines ; make your simples in fine powder and mix them with Rose water , wherein gum dragagant hath bin dissolued as much as will suffice to make your pomander . This is a singular good pomander , swéet and comfortable , to be worne in this time of sicknesse against corrupt aires , stinking and noisom smels . An other good Pomander , though not all thing so costly , to be worne against the infection of the aire . R. Of the rinds of Citrons one dram ; Storax , Calamint two drams , Labdanum one dramme , of all three kinds of Sanders , ana two scruples ; flowers of Roses , Violets , and Nenuphar ana half a dram ; liquid Storax , Beniamin , ana one dram ; Campher one scruple , Musk and Ambergreece ana three graines , with Rose water , & gum Dragagant a little quantitie make your Pomander . But here I had almost forgotten one preseruatiue which many men commend , and is good indéede , but especially for fearefull persons , such I mean as liue in feare of this sicknesse , and although I haue placed it last , yet not the least to be regarded : Citò , longe & tarde , we must flie away spéedily , and we must go far off , and returne againe slowly , it is good for those that can cōueniently so do . Let vs put our whole trust in the Lord , from whom commeth all helpe , and with contrite hearts for our iniquitie vse the good meanes that the Lord hath ordeined and created for vs , and cast away all feare , & I doubt not , but by Gods assistance this sicknes shall be taken away . To eate euery morning as much as the kernell of a nut of Electuarium de ouo , is a good preseruatiue . So is treacle of Andromachus description , which you shal haue at the Apothecaries , mix with it as much Conserues of Roses . Thrée or foure graines of Bezoar stone taken in the morning in a spoonefull of scabious , or sorrell water , is a good preseruatiue . So is a little Diascordium taken in the morning the quantitie of two white peason . Also to vse the roote of Angelica , stieped in vinegar to chew in your mouth as you go in the stréet is good , and to eate a little thereof . Gentian , Zedoarie , Turmentill , chewed and kept in your mouth are good . Sorrell eaten in the morning with a little good Vinegar like a sallet , is very good : the vse of Orenges and Limons is very good , Pomegranates and Vinegar . It is good euery morning betime , to take some good preseruatiue , and before you goe abroade , it shall not be amisse to eate something to your breakfast that is holesome , as bred , and swéet-butter , a potcht egge with vinegar , or some other thing as you are prouided , & vse alway in going into any infected place a roote of Angelica to chew vpon in your mouth , a little spunge dipt in Rose-vinegar to smel vnto often times is good , put into a pomander box of iuorie . Also to weare a Pomander about your necke and smell to it oftentimes , is very good . Let your chāber be drest with swéet flowers as these , swéet mints , time , penerial , carnatiōs , roseleaues : and let your chamber bee strued with gréene rushes , Vine leaues , Oken leaues , and Willow leaues & Mintes . If you haue any windowes towards the North or northeast kéep them open in cléere daies ; your chamber ought also to bee persumed oftentimes , with the perfumes taught in this book ; you may vse Iuniper Beniamin , Storax and wood of Aloes . For your diet . Yong Mutton , Veale , Kid , Capors , Hennes , Chickens , Rabbets , Partridge , Fesant , Quaile , Plouers , small birdes of the fields , Pigeons , swéete butter , potched egges with vinegar , but not in hot complexions . Water-fowles are not good , neither is Porke , or olde powdred Béefe . But Fishes from fresh riuers is very good eaten with vinegar , and good sauce , they coole the bloud well . Let your drinke bée small béere , and well brued , and sometimes a cup of white wine mixed with water for hot complexions , with Borrage , and Buglosse , but eschew all hot and swéet wines . Herbes that be good to bée vsed , Sorrel , Endiue , Succorie , Borage , Buglosse , Parsely , Marigoldes , Time , Marierom , Betonie , Scabious , Isope , Mints , Purslane , Pimpernell , Rue , Angelica , Cardus Benedictus , Lettuce . Make your sauce with Cytrin , Limons , Oreng , Sorrell , Vinegar , Maces , Saffron , Barberies , and such like . Raw , & yong fruit is hurtful , so is Garlick , Onions , Léekes , Radish , Rocket , Mustarde , Pepper , and hot spices , and al hot wines , and all these are hurtfull , & so are al swéet meates : let your diet be cooling & drying . Preseruatiues for the Commons and Contrymen , who haue not an Apothecarie at hand . Take of Rue or Herbe grace two ounces , of the yong buds of Angelica , two ounces ; or for want therof , of the roote or séede one ounce , Bolearmoniacke prepared one ounce , of Iuniper berries one ounce , of walnuts cleane picked from their skins two ounces , Good figges in number sixe or seuen , of Saffron sixe peniworth , of good wine vinegar that is sharpe foure ounces . Let these be well beaten together in a morter the space of one houre , and then put in your vinegar , and incorporate them together . Which being done , put it into some swéete gallie pot or glasse , and couer it close : and take thereof daily in the morning the quantitie of a nutineg . Or you may eate thereof at anie time going néere , or in any infectious place . Another good preseruatiue of no lesse vertue in resisting all infection . R. Of holy Thistle , or for want thereof , our Ladies Thistle so called , Betonie , Angelica , Scabious , Sorrell , Pimpernell , Turmentill , of either of these a handfull , Gentian roots also , if they may be had . Bruise all these in a stone morter a little , and put thereto a pinte of good vinegar , and halfe a pinte of white wine , and put them into a still , and draw forth the water , and take two or thrée spoonfuls thereof euerie morning fasting , and be frée from all infection . The roote of Angelica laid or stieped in good vinegar all night , and a little thereof taken in the morning is a good preseruatiue . The séedes are of the like vertue . Another good preseruatiue that defendeth all from infection . Take of the kernels of walnuts three ounces , rue one ounce and a halfe , fine bole armoniack one ounce , root of Angelica & Turmentill of either an ounce , good figs three ounces , Myrrhe three drams , Saffron foure peniworth . Let these be beaten a good space in a morter , then put thereto two or thrée spoonefuls of good vnegar , and as much Rosewater , and incorporate them well together , eate hereof as much as a hazell nut in the morning , and at anie other time of the day going where the infection is , and bee frée from all infection . Now such as desire to liue in safety , and yet would bestow no cost for their preseruatiō , let them vse this . R. Figges seuen or eight in number Rue one handfull , the kernels of ten or twelue walnuts cleane picked from their skinnes , foure or sixe spoonfuls of good vinegar , beat these together in a morter , and keepe it close in a boxe , and eate thereof euery morning , and it is good to defend thee from the infection . Galen commendeth Garlicke , calling it the poore mans treacle , but vndoubtedly it is too hote to be eaten of cholericke persons , or sanguine , or in a hote season , and therefore I cannot commend it , except in cold , moist and rheumaticke bodies , for whom it may be good . I haue set downe , curteous Reader , diuers and sundry preseruatiues that you may take your choise : vse them in the name of God. And this I dare boldly affirme , there are in my book as good as are known and sufficient for thy preseruation by Gods grace . Now it followeth , that I write of confections , electuaries , and potions , required in the cure of the pestilence . An Electuarie of great and singular vertue in curing of the pestilence , being taken in time before it be setled at the heart , and nature vtterly ouer come . R. Bolearmoniack prepared two ounces , terra sigillata one ounce , Myrrhe sixe drams , rootes of Gentian , Zedoary , Angelica and Dictamni , of each three drams red corrall , red saunders of each a dram and a half , saffron one dram & a half , yellow saunders one dram , turmētil , scabious , leaues of Cardus benedictus or holy thistle of each a dram & a halfe , flowers of marigolds one dramme , the bones of a Harts heart halfe a dramme or two scruples , Basill seede halfe a dram , good seed pearle two scruples , vnicornes horne two scruples , leafe gold two scruples , harts horne one dram . Let all these be made in fine powder euery one by itself . Thē take sirrup of Limons and sorrell , as much as will be sufficient to make it in an electuarie . Adde hereunto good Mithridatum one ounce . He that is infected with the pestilence , let him take one dram or one dram and a halfe of this medicine , according to his strength with water of Scabious , Angelica , or Cardus benedictus the quantitie of nine or ten spoonefuls , it must be taken warme , and procure the patient to sweate after two , thrée or foure houres : which if he cannot easily doe , then vse the meanes , as I haue taught in this booke , by putting in of bottles fild with hot water , & if it should so chance the patient should vomit , then giue him as much more ; and if he vomit againe , let him wash his mouth with Rose water and vinegar , and receiue his medicine againe , the quantitie before taught , and vndoubtedly by this meanes the venemous infection shal be expulsed , the heart comforted , and the life preserued through Gods mercie and goodnes . Another Electuary curing the pestilence , being taken within twelue , sixteene or eighteene houres , after the person is infected . Electuarium de ouo . R. Ouum gallinae recens , & educto per apicem albumine , id quod vacuum est , croco orientali imple , vitellum non auferendo : postea cum alio putamine iterum occlude , ne quid transpiret , & lento igne tamdiu assa in ollula , donec tota oui testa ad nigredinem deueniat , exempta è testa materia exsiccetur vt in mortario exquitissimè contundi & in puluerem redigi queat , addendo pulueris sinapis albi quantum praedicta omnia ponderant , postea , anaʒ ij . anaʒ iij. anaʒ j. anaʒ myrrhaeʒ ij . ossis de corde cerui scrup . ij . Margaritarumʒ i. camphuraeʒ ij . anaʒ i. puluerizētur omnia sing . per se , misc . omnia simul in mortario , & tandem appone Theriaca Andromachi ad pondus omnium , & iterum pistillo fortiter contunde & commisce per tres quasi integras horas , agitando fiat electuarium . When any person is infected , let him take a dram or somewhat more , according vnto his strength , mixe and dissolue it in water of Scabious , Roses , or Endiue , as you can haue , or in them altogether the quātitie or measure of eight spoonefuls , & make it warme , and drinke it in Gods name , sweate well thereupon , and thou shalt be deliuered from danger of the sicknesse , and is a most approued medicine and spéedie remedie , if it be taken in time : for herein censisteth the danger , namely delay , in which time the venome pierceth vnto the heart , and there setleth , and vanquisheth the vitall spirits . For this is most certaine , as I haue often séene and approoued , that those that take and vse in the very beginning of their sicknesse , some good meanes , scarce two in tenne die , but very spéedily recouer their former health . And truly I cannot but lament the folly of many people , who féeling themselues sicke , driue forth and delay the time , some trusting to their strength and youth : other some take some light and trifling medicine to no purpose , and manie other blinded with a foolish opinion , that physicke can doe them no good : and this is the cause whie so manie die of this sicknes , as they now do . Note this , that if a person doe vomite vp his medicine , that then you cause him to wash his mouth with rosewater and vinegar , and giue him as much more , if he cast it vp againe , do as before vntill he kéepe it . A singular confection for the cure of the Pestilence . R. Rad. Angelicae , rad . Gentianae , rad . Zedoariae , rad . Turmentillae , rad . Dictamni , rad . Valerianae , rad . anaʒ ij . anaʒ●j . Cinamomi , myrrhae , boli armeni praeparati , terrae anaʒ iiij . anaʒj . succi scordii , succi calendulae ana vnc . 1. Commisceātur omnia cum syrupo acctositatis citri q. s . incorporentur ad formam opitatae , adde mithridatum Andromachi vnc . iii. & theriacae opti . vnc . i. & semis . aqua angelicae vnc . ii . misc . Take one dram and a halfe , or two drammes of this confection , or two drammes and a half , according to the age and strength of the patient , with water of Scabious , Cardus benedictus , or Angelica nine or ten spoonefuls , made warme and mixed wel together , let him drinke it and sweate well thereupon . Another that cureth the Pestilence , and expulseth al venemous infection . R. Bolearmoniack prepared halfe an ounce , Cinamon two drams , roote of gentian , angelica , Zedoarie , turmentil ana two drams ; seed of citrons , red rose leaues , harts horne rased , of the three kinds of Saunders of each one dram ; iuniper berries , halfe a dram ; nutmegge , the bone of the deares heart , ii . scrup . seede pearle and orient one dramme ; saffron one dram , red corall two scruples , rinds of citrons two scruples , fragments or peeces of the fiue precious stones , Saphiri , Hyacinthi , Smaragdi , Rubini , granati praep . ana one scruple , leafe gold one scruple , bezoar stone one scruple . Make these into most fine powder seuerally , which being done , put thereto as much sirrup of limons as will make it in forme of an electuarie , making it somthing thick , & putting thereto of good Mithridatum thrée ounces , mixe them . This being taken the weight of one dram or a dram and a halfe , or two drams for a strōg person in water of Scabious , Angelica , or Cardus benedictus , sweating therwithal , cureth the person spéedily of the pestilence , expulsing it by sweat & vrine . Another for the commons and countrimen , where these aforesaid set downe cannot be had . R. Good Mithridatum Andromachus a dram & a half , good Treacle , I meane not the cōmon treacle sold at the Mercers , but at the Apothecaries , called theriaca Andromach . one dram . Mixe these together , and take it in a little posset drink made with white wine , and sweate well therewith , and this cureth the pestilence . If any sore doe arise , then vse the meanes , as I haue taught in this booke , to ripen or suppurate the sore : which being done , let it be opened and drawne forth . Another medicine or remedie for the Commons and Contriemen , very good and effectuall . Take a great white Onion , cut off the top , and with your knife pike forth the core , and make a wide hollownesse in the middle , which you must fill vp with good treacle , from the Apothecaries called Theriaca Andromachi , or Andromachs treacle , let it bée in weight one dram and a halfe : this béeing put into the Onion , couer it with that you cut off before , and paaste it ouer and rost it in the imbers , and béeing soft stampe it in a morter , and straine it through a cloth , and with two or thrée spoonfuls of posset drinke mixed with it , take it and sweate thereupon as long as you can , and this wil expulse it from the hart . Or this which is very good . R. Mithridatum two drams , Venice treacle one dram , mix them with water of Angelica , Cardus Benedictus , or Scabious , or for want therof posset drink made with white wine , and sweate well . These thrée last medicines I haue set downe for them that cannot haue spéedily the other aforesaid ; and although they séeme meane , yet are they of great vertue in this sicknesse , and cure them that take it in time in the beginning of their sicknesse , obseruing the order of this book therewithall . The signes that signifie and declare a person to be infected with the pestilence . The first is , a great paine and heauinesse in the head . The second is , hée féeleth great heat within his bodie , and the outward partes cold and readie to shake , and is thirstie and drie therewithal . The third signe is , he cannot draw his breath easily , but with some paine and difficultie . The fourth signe is , he hath a great desire to sléepe , and can very hardly refraine from sléeping , but beware hée sléepe not . And sometimes watching dooth vex and trouble him as much and cannot sléepe . The fift signe is , swelling in the stomacke with much paine , breaking forth with stinking sweat . The sixt signe is , diuers & heauie lookes of the eies , séeing all things of one colour , as gréene or yellow , and the eies are changed in their colour . The seuenth signe is , losse of appetite , vnsauourie taste , bitternesse of the mouth sowre and stinking . The eight signe is , wambling of the stomacke , and a desire to vomite , and sometime vomiting humors bitter and of diuers colours . The ninth signe is , the pulse beateth swift and déepe . The tenth signe is , a heauinesse , and dulnesse in all the body , and a faintnes and a weakenesse of the limmes . The eleuenth signe is , the vrine most commonly is troubled , thick & like beastes water , & stinking , but smel to it not if you loue your health : but oftentimes the water dooth not shew at all , especially in the beginning of the sicknesse , therefore trust not vnto the water , but looke vnto the other signes héere aboue set downe . The twelfth and last signe , and surest of all other , is , there ariseth in the necke , vnder the arme , or in the flanke , a tumor or swelling , or in some other part of the bodie there appeareth any red , gréenish , or blackish coloured sore , these are most apparant signes to the eye , that this person is infected with the pestilence . But take héede , bée not deceiued : for oftentimes a person is strongly infected with the Pestilence , and hath neither Apostume , Carbuncle , nor botch appearing , in two or thrée dayes , by which time hée is néere his death : therefore when a botch dooth not appeare spéedily , it is alwaies an euill signe and dangerous . The reason hereof is , nature is weake , and the infection and poison is strong and furious : and nature being weake as in children , and in aged persons , and in others also , through the euill disposition of the body , is not able to make resistance against so furious , and puissant an enemie , and to expulse the infection or poison . And this is the verie reason and cause , why in some persons there appeareth no botch , or sore , but other certaine markes , or spots , as I may call them . Now contrariwise , when the infection or poison is more milde and weake , and nature strong , then she gathering hir power and force together strineth and resisteth the infection , and expulseth the poison from the heart , and other the principall members vnto some emunctorie or clensing place , where it may be best purged & auoided . Now this is a good signe , that nature is strong , and hath preuailed against the infectious poison ; so is it indéede , if the sore arise not néere about the heart , or throat , or som such dangerous place . And againe nature must now forth with bee aided ; least the venom gathering strength , by the putrefaction of the humors within the body , returne againe vnto the heart . Therefore I say the heart must be strengthened with cordialles , and also spéedily comforted : and the other principal members likewise . For we commonly sée notwithstanding the botch be thrust forth by nature , yet the person often and most commonlie dyeth , whereof the greatest and most part might liue , if helpe in due time were administred . And sometimes the infection is so strong , and the Body so weake through corrupt and vitious humors , that nature is sodainly ouercome , and the spirits of life expulsed . And this infection naturallie flieth with all possible spéed to the heart , as the principal member of life , to surprize it , & pierceth sooner vnto the heart of cholerick persons then any other complexion ; although the sanguine be more apt to be infected by reason of their heat and moisture , and phlegmatick are also apt through humiditie , that is in them : the melancholie are not apt to be infected , but hardlie cured béeing infected Now forasmuch as this sicknesse is swift , fierce , and dangerous , and spéedily expulseth life , if it be not preuented in time by good medicine : Let vs I say leaue our follie , in delaying to vse the meanes for our helpe , remembring this good counsell Principijs obsta , sero medicina paratur &c. We must stop the beginninges , medecines come too late , nature béeing ouercome through the long suffering of the euil . And what is the reasō that so many dy ofthis sicknesse as they doe , I think you wil answere me it is Gods hand and visitation , & contra mortem non est remedium : I grant indéede it is Gods visitation , and so is all other sicknesses . And this is the difference , this sicknesse is strong , swift , and dangerous , and killeth many through his violence , and venemous quality : some other more mild , yet killeth also in some short time , if it be not preuented : and some other so mild & weake , that nature being strong doth ouercome hir selfe with good diet without the benefit of medicines . The verie causes indeed that so many die of this sicknesse are two . The first is the strength , power , and venemous qualitie of this sicknes , spéedily surprizing the vitall spirits . The second cause is , our delay to vse medicine in time , and not vsing good and effectuall medicines , such as haue vertue by Gods grace giuen vnto them for the curing and withstanding of this violent sickenes . We must relie vpon God , fixing our whole trust in him , and thankfully and diligently vse the good meanes that hee hath ordained and created , for our health and helpe in time of sicknes . And against this contagious sicknesse , I haue set downe good preseruatiues , which being vsed , will by Gods grace preuent the danger . And also most excellent and approued remedies for this sicknesse , that whoso vseth them in time , shal vndoubtedly by Gods grace and mercie be spéedily cured . Now it followeth , that I teach the vse of them , and the true and perfect cure of the pestilence , and what is to be obserued in the cure thereof . And first , I will teach the cure of the pestilence when no botch or sore appeareth , and how to preuent the rising of any botch or sore most commonly in all persons . The cure of the Pestilence , when no botch , or sore appeareth , and how to preuent the rising of any botch or sores most commonly in all persons . In the cure of this sicknes there are thrée intentions especially required . The first is to aide and helpe nature , to expell the infection and venemous poison . The second is to comfort the heart , and other the principall members of the body . The third is a good obseruation in diet , afterward to be vsed . And at the first when any person féeleth himselfe sicke , let him well consider , whether any of the signes before set downe , that signifie a person infected , be in him or no : & if he find any of them at al in himselfe , then let him be assured it is the sicknesse . But héere hée must not deferre the time , doubting , and making farther trial , whether it bée or no : For in this time when the pestilence reigneth , there are few other sicknesses . The nature of this venemous and corrupt aire is to alter and conuert other sicknesses into the pestilence , as we find most true by experience . And againe , the nature and qualitie of this dangerous sicknesse , is , euer with all swiftnesse to approch and assaile the heart the principall member and fountaine of life . Héere may it appeare , how dangerous delay is in this sicknesse , in not vsing some good and approued medicine , that hath vertue through Gods gift to withstand the force thereof , and power to expell the venemous infection of this contagious sickenes . Now to preuent this lyon of his pray , note what is to be done . First , when any féeleth himselfe sicke or euill at ease , if the sicknes begin hote with paine in his head , if he be of a sanguine or cholericke complexion , or hath a plethoricke bodie , that is , a bodie full of humors , large veines and full : let euery such person in anie wife be let bloud in the liuer vaine & right arme . And if there should be felt anie forenesse in any side of the body more then the other ; then let him bléede in that arme on the side grieued ; which being done , let the chirurgion decently bind vp his arme : and if the person be weake , then let this be done in his bed , and with spéede let him take one of the foure medicines set downe before in this booke for the cure of the pestilencé , the quantitie and the maner is there set downe . Let him receiue his medicine warme , and procure him to sweat : which if he cannot easily doe , then must you fill some bottles with hot water , and set them in the bed about him , by which meanes you shall cause him to sweate spéedily . Let him continue sweating thrée , foure , or 5. houres , or according to his strength , as he can endure it , giuing him , if he be verie drie in his sweate , a little of one of the cordiall confections set downe in this booke , to be vsed to a person after his sweat . And the kéeper must take great héede that the sicke person sléepe not : For whosoeuer is infected with the sicknes , must carefully be kept from sléepe , vntill they haue bled , if they may bleede , and taken their medicine , and sweate fiue or sixe houres after , and in so doing all for the most part shall bee spéedily cured of this sicknes . The patient hauing sweat well , drie his bodie with warme and soft clothes , and if the shéetes be wet with sweat , then pul them away , and let him rest in Gods name , so hee sléepe not . And giue him to eate sometimes of one of the confections , that comforteth the heart , that giueth great comfort and strength vnto the body and principall members thereof , and therefore not to be omitted . Two houres after his sweate giue him to eate some broth made with a chicken or a capon . In which broth boile Endiue , Borage , Buglosse , and a little parsly , raisins of the sunne , and two or thrée dates , and a little whole mace . Let his drinke be good , stale , and middle ale , wherein you must boile whole mace and some sugar . And if he be very drie , as commonly in this sicknesse they are , then giue him a spoonefull of one of the sirrups set downe in this booke for that purpose , which doth both assooage thirst and drinesse , and comforts the heart withall , he may vse to take a spoonefull when he is drie . His diet must be chickens , capon , rabbet , partridge or such like : but for want thereof young mutton or veale : and let him vse with his meate limons , orenges , pomegranats , good vinegar , graines of paradise , mace , a little saffron . Let his chamber be perfumed with the balles or trochises set downe in this booke before for the purging and amending of the aire . Vse them thrée or foure times in the day , and for want thereof take Beniamin , Storax calamita & liquid , wood of Aloes , and burne it in some chafingdish or fuming pot for the purging of the aire in the chamber . And diuers times sprinkle his chamber with vinegar , or water and vinegar together . Now within fiue or sixe houres after his sweate , or if it be longer it is the better , let him sléepe in Gods name , and remember that you giue the patient oftentimes in the day one of the confections set downe in this booke , to comfort the heart , & giue him his broth and meat a little at a time , and the oftener , and giue him sometimes a cake of Manus Christito cate . And aboue all things , let him be of good comfort , fixing his hope aboue in the Almightie , from whom commeth all help , health , and comfort : for obseruing what I haue taught , there is no danger of death : and for the most part all they that vse this order and direction , recouer and be frée from all danger within two or thrée dayes , except some verie few , that haue vnsound and very corrupt bodies before the infection . And this will I vndertake by Gods leaue and his holy assistance to performe , and that not one in sixe persons shall die that taketh a good medicine , and that vseth this order and followeth my direction : for by this meanes of taking away of bloud , euacuation by sweate and purging the bodie , the infection and poisoned matter is expelled : insomuch that seldome riseth anie botch or sore , because the matter whereof the botch ariseth is otherwise cast forth . And if any doe arise , as sometimes there doth , by diligent foresight and good application it may spéedily be brought to suppuration , and drawne forth . But if no botch do arise within two dayes after his sweate , then doth none arise at all , doing as I shall shew you . The third or rather the second day , if he be any thing strong , and no botch appearing , giue the patient this potion vnderwritten , which will purge forth the rest or remnant of the venemous infection . A purging potion of great vertue , that expulseth all venemous and corrupt humours from the body . Here I warne all men that they meddle with no purging medicine when the botch or carbuncle appeareth , and groweth towards ripenesse : for so shall they draw the venome in againe , which nature hath put forth before . R. Leaues and flowers of holy Thistle , Scabious , Turmentill , three leaued grasse , of each a little handful , Gentian , Tamarims , of each two scruples : good Rubarbe one dram : water of Bugloffe and endiue , of each an ounce and a halfe , Sene three drams : water of Scabious one ounce , flowers of Borage a little handfull : make your infusion , which being done , put thereto diacatholicon halfe an ounce , Manna halfe an ounce , sir . Ros . solutiue one ounce . This potion hath a most excellent propertie in purging the bodie from venemous and corrupt humours , as the learned may iudge at the sight thereof . This potion must be taken of the patient the secōd or third day at the furthest after his sweating , when no botch appeareth . And let him forbeare to eate , drink , or sléep , vntil it hath wrought his effect , which is in giuing fiue , sixe , or seuen stooles . Afterward let him receiue some broth , and vse a good diet , and also vse his cordiall confection for thrée , foure or fiue dayes , and rest in health in Gods name , for he shall néede no further physicke : if he be disposed he may take the potion aboue written another day , for the thorow-purging of his body , and it shall be good so to do . This is the true and perfect cure of the pestilence , being vsed in time , I meane in the beginning of the sickenes , within foure , or six , or in some within twelue houres : the sooner the better , for in a little time this venemous infection gathereth strength , by the euill humours which it turneth into putrifaction , and swiftly assaulteth the heart , and without spéedy and good remedie , as we see dayly , death followeth . Now it followeth that I teach the way or meanes to cure such in whom the botch appeareth , which ( God assisting me ) I will doe . The way or meanes to cure such in whom the botch appeareth . This sicknesse ( the pestilence ) is a fierce , swift , and dangerous disease , and verie quickly destroyeth nature : therefore I counsell all men againe , to vse at the first some spéedie helpe : for giuing it sufferance but a little time it resisteth all cure , neither is it in humaine power to helpe it , as we dayly see . Héere I cannot but lament the follie of manie people , who neglect the vse of good means in time : Some foolishly conceited , that physicke can do them no good : Some other vsing some light and trifling medicine to no purpose : some other vsing none at all , standing vnto the mercy of the sicknesse , which is mercilesse , and thus manie perish daily : not perish neither , therein I saide not well : Beati mortui qui in domino moriuntur , Blessed are the dead that die in the Lord. God giue vnto vs his grace , that wee may learne to contemne this vaine world , and be ready when he doth call , and while we liue here , to vse thankfully his good creatures vnto his glory and our comfort . Now vnto the cure of the pestilence , which is my purpose . When any person féeleth himself infected , and that the sore beginneth to arise or appeare , if the sicknesse begin hote , and that he feeleth in himselfe anie great heate aboue nature , being of a sanguine or cholericke complexion , strong , and bloud any thing abounding , then would I haue that person with spéede let bloud , if it be within twentie foure houres of his sickening , and that the sore or botch be not yet in way of ripening , but newly risen . For you must note that blood is to be taken at the beginning of the sicknesse , and before the botch be growing to suppuration , or not at all : For at this time the botch hauing béene forth , and growing to suppuration , you should greatly hinder nature , and weaken the person , and indanger his life . But in the beginning of the sicknesse , it is a speciall good thing in all persons , in whom bloud doth abound . But these persons I doe except , women with child , or lately deliuered ; old men that grow towards thréescore , and children , also weake & féeble persons , wherin is Cacochymia and little bloud : these persons may not bléed , but must receiue some medicine before set downe for the cure of the pestilence , and sweate therwith , and take cordials as I will shew them . But such as may bléede must obserue this rule in bléeding , according vnto the place where the sore or botch is placed or appearing . If the sore or botch appeare in the throate , necke , or vnder the eares , then open the head vaine Cephalica in the arme , on that side , whereon the sore or botch is . And if the sore or botch arise in the armepit , then open the vaine mediana , which is betwéene the head vaine and the vaine comming from the liuer . If the sore or botch arise in the flancke , then open the vaine Saphena in the inner side of the foote : alway remembring this note , that you let blood on that side whereon the botch appeareth : For on the contrary side it is dangerous and euill , drawing the venome ouerthwart the spiritual members , to the great danger of the patient . The quantity must be according vnto the strength of the patient , in those that be young , strong , and full of bloud , it is good to take much away , and in others according vnto their abilitie of body . And in this time of necessitie , when it may not be deferd , you must neither regard time , neither signe nor aspect or coniunction of Planets , but in the name of God do it . Quouis tempore & hora mittere sanguinem necessitas concedit & iubet : two houres delay in bléeding may be the cause of death . This being done , or not done , in those persons aboue named , who may not bléede : let there be giuen vnto the sicke person , of one of the medicines set downe for the cure of the plague before in this booke , and procure the sicke to sweate well : which if they cannot spéedily do , then you may vse the meanes before taught with bottles , whereby a sweate shall spéedily be brought forth : and let the patient endure it as long as he is able . And remember that you kéepe the sicke from sléepe in his sweat , and fiue or sixe houres after , if he be very faint , giue him of one of the cordiall confections to eate of sometime : and if he be so thirstie that hee must néedes drinke , then giue him of the sirrup set downe in this booke for that purpose . But you ought not in any wise to giue him drinke after his medicine , vntill he hath sweat well : and that which you giue him , must bee warme and comfortable . And hauing sweat well , dry his body with warme and soft clothes : and so let him rest , kéeping him from sléepe . Within two houres giue him some good broth to eat made with a chicken , in which broth boile a little whole mace , dates , raisins of the sunne , Endiue , Borage , Buglosse , & rings or some péeces of gold . Let him haue oftentimes to eate of one of the cordiall confections , set down in this booke : and let his drinke be the first day Betonie water , Scabious and Borage water , of each of them halfe a pinte , boiled a little with sugar and whole mace . After you may giue him ale , if not strong , boiled with Mace and sugar . Let his meate be chickens , capon , rabbet , yong mutton , or veale , and let him vse orenges , limons , pomegranets , graines of paradise , and all thing that doth comfort the heart and coole . You must perfume the chamber oftentimes in the day with the perfumes set downe in this booke , which will purge the aire of the chamber ; and sprinkle the floore of the chamber with good vinegar , and giue him to smell vnto oftentimes a cloth wet in rose vinegar . Now must the sore or botch be looked vnto . And to ripen and bring it to suppuration , you shall find medicines set downe in this booke . If the sore do arise néere the heart , I haue set downe meanes to defend the heart , and to drawe the sore or botch further off : or if the botch appeare in the throte , then likwise draw it further for feare of suffocation , or choking the patient . If watching or rauing trouble him , I haue set downe meanes to helpe it . If thirst and drinesse vexe him , I haue set downe comfortable sirrupes to remedie it , or whatsoeuer he shall néed in this cure , if aduisedly you follow my direction . The patient ought to change his chamber sometimes , and to vse often the perfumes before set down : and to kéepe the house all the time of his sicknes vntill his sore be well , changing himselfe in fresh apparell well aired , and persumed before . And those that are about him must haue care of themselues , and eate daily euery morning some good preseruatiue . And aboue all , let them take héede of the aire or breath of the sore when it is opened : alway holding some roote of Angelica stieped in vinegar in their mouth , or some other strong and good preseruatiue , and let them eate sometimes a little good mithridatum , or anie one of the confections preseruatiue set downe in this booke against the pestilence : and also let the kéeper take héede how to bestowe the plaisters that come from the sore . Well now remember what I haue said ought to be done in this cure of the pestilence . First , that with all spéede you vse remedy without delaying the time , for therein chiefly consisteth the danger . Secondly , that you bléed , if no cause forbid it , as afore is taught . Thirdly , that you take one of the medicines before set downe in this booke , and sweate therewithall , and refraine from sléepe . Fourthly , that you vse the cordials to comfort the heart set downe , and that you eat of them oftentimes in the day . Fiftly , that if the patient be faint , you must vse the Epithymum , and cpithymate the heart therewith . Sixtly , that if the sore or botch appeare , and rise néere vnto the heart , that then you vse vpon the heart a defensitiue , and with spéede drawe the botch further off . The seuenth obseruation is , that with spéede you apply medicines to suppurate the sore , and drawe it forth . The eight is , that the chamber be oftentimes perfumed , that the aire thereof may be purged , and made holsome : and that the patient change his chamber oftentimes . The ninth is , that he vse the diet before taught , eating a little at a time , and the oftner . And to vse the sirrups and consections to coole and comfort . The tenth , which should haue béene the first , is , that the patient in anie case be kept from sléepe , from his first sickening vntill he haue taken his medicine , and sweat , and sire or eight houres after , and then to sléepe but one houre , and the next day let him sléepe thrée houres at times , but not aboue one houre at a time : and after the third day you may giue him more sléepe . But in the beginning of his sicknes , it is most dangerous : for by sléepe the spirits are drawne inward , and therewithall the venome is attracted vnto the heart , and also the feuer made more vehement and sharpe . And this is the cause that many die , that might liue if they were kept from sléepe , and therewithall take some good medicine . The eleuenth is , that the patient kéepe his chamber during the time of his sicknes , and refraine all companie , that he hurt not others . The twelfth is , that being well , he giue humble thanks to God , and then let him change his apparell , being well perfumed , and in the name of God goe abroade . And if the botch arise néere vnto the heart , then before you sweate , it were good to apply this defensitiue vnto the heart , being thinne spread vpon a fine cloth , as broad as wil couer the heart . R. Good Mithridatum one dram , Andromachus treacle halfe a dram , red saunders , terra lemna halfe a scruple , with water of Roses and vinegar , as much as will suffice , make it in forme of an vnguent in a morter . A good Cordial comforting the heart and cooling , to be vsed after the patient hath sweat or purged , and oftentimes in the day to take of it as much as a good hazell nut at a time . R. Conserues of Roses , Borage , and Buglosse , of each one ounce : Diamargariton frigidum , Diarrhodon abbatis , of each halfe an ounce : seedes of Citrons two scruples or a dram : Manus christi three drams : fol. auri number 6. bolearmoniack prepared two scruples . Mixe them , and let the sicke eate hereof many times in the day . A good potion giuing fiue or sixe stooles gently , which purgeth venemous filthy humours from the bodie , to be taken the third day after sweat , if no sore or botch appeare , or when a sore or botch hath runne , and is growing well , then is it good to vse this . R. Flo. & fol. Card. benedict . one handfull : fol. Scabi , Betonicae one handful : root of Gentian one dram : good Rubarb one dram ; water of Buglosse , Scabious & Borage , of ech an ounce : let there be made an infusion therof . Then adde vnto it Diacatholicō halfe an ounce , Cassia with Manna halfe an ounce : sirrupe of Roses solutiue one ounce , misce . This ought to be taken in the morning , and neither eate , drinke , nor sléepe vntill it hath wrought his effect , in giuing fiue , sixe , or seuen stooles , and vse your selfe as is before taught in purging . Another good Cordiall greatly comforting the patient after his sweate to be eaten oftentimes , a little at a time , and to continue the vse thereof three or foure dayes , vntill he be strong , and all danger past , or in his sweate a little , if he be weake , faint , and apt to swoune . R. Conserues of Roses , Borage and Buglosse of each half an ounce : spe . Diagem . cal . & frig . of each one scrup . bolearmoniack prepared two scruples : spe . diamargarit . cal . & frig . of each one scruple : diarrhodon abba . halfe an ounce : sirrupe of limons and sorrell , of ech halfe an ounce , misce . Within two howers after the patient hath sweat , giue him a little good broth , made of a chicken or capon , and let him eate a little at a time , and the oftner , according vnto his strength and stomacke : and let him be of good comfort , and eschew all feare & doubt , fixing his hope aboue in the Almightie , from whom commeth all helpe and comfort . Let his meat be chickens , or some light and good nourishing meate , as young pullets , capons , partridge , rabbets , or such like : but for want of these , young mutton , or veale , and let it be giuen him with sauce made with an orenge , a limon , and a little good vinegre with mace and Saffron : and make vnto all his meate these coole and sharpe sauces : and vse no hote spices , neither strong wines in anie wise . Let his drinke be middle ale , cleane brewed and well boyled with maces and sugar : also you ought to keepe him from sléepe the first day vntill it be toward night , & then let him rest in Gods name one houre . And if the patient be verie drie and thirsty , as most commonly they are , then giue him of this Iulep thrée or foure spoonefuls at a time to drinke . R. Water of Roses , Endiue and Buglosse of each three ounces , sorrell water foure ounces , good vinegar foure ounces : iuice of limons foure ounces : sugar one pound , boyle them a little ouer a soft fire : which done , and cooled againe , giue him a little thereof to drinke , the quantity of two or three spoonefuls at a time . Also a ptisan made with barley , liquorice , and coole hearbes , is good to asswage his thirst . But vse this , which I do most commend for the asswaging of thirst and drinesse . R. Sirrupe of Endiue comp . sir . of sorrell of ech three ounces : Water of Roses , and Buglosse , of ech one ounce : sirrup of limons two ounces , mixe them . Let the patient haue sometimes , or as often as hée is drie , one spoonefull of this sirrupe , which is verie good : and this shall suffice , for the amending of his heate and drinesse . Giue him to eate sometimes of a limon with sugar , or of a Pomgranate , which are both verie good . Or this asswageth and taketh away all thirst , and drinesse in this case . R. Water of Roses , and buglosse of ech three ounces : sirrupe of Endiue and limons , of each two ounces , oile of Vitrioll one scruple . Mixc them . The taking of this one spoonefull at a time , taketh away drinesse and thirst . And if the patient be verie faint and weake after his sweating , or before his sweating , then apply this quilt vpon the region of the heart : and let him weare it continually for a while . A Quilt for comforting and strengthening the heart , when the patient is weake , to be worne after his sweating . R. Flowers of water lillies , borage and buglosse , of each halfe a dramme : red Rose leaues one dram : flowers of balme & rosemaric , of each two drams : maces one dram : ofred and yellowe saunders , of each one dramme : wood of aloes , cloues , of each one dram : seeds of citrons , iuniper berries , of each one dram : saffron sixe graines : of the bone of the Deeres heart one scruple . Let them bee made in grosse powder , & quilt it in crimson or scarlet coloured taffeta , or fine cloth . This quilt being made by the Apothecarie , vse it ouer , or vpon the heart of the sicke , in such manner as it may avide without falling away . An Epithymum that doth much comfort the heart , when a person is weake . R. Water of Roses , borage , and buglosse of either three ounces : vinegar one ounce : forrell water two ounces : wood of aloes , red saunders , barkes of citrons , of euery one of them two drams : saffron sixe graines : Electuarium de gemmis one dram : Diamargariton two scruples . Mixe them together , and make an Epithymum . A little of this must bee made warme in some pewter dish , and then take little clothes of fine linnen , which fold vp two or thrée double . Then moisten one of your clothes and wring it forth lightly , & apply it vnto the heart , kéeping it there a while , vntill it begin to be cold : then take another , and so a quarter of an houre together , and this you may doe two or thrée times in the day , applying afterward the quilt aforetaught . This is to be done when a person is weake and faint . A Potion purging gently all venemous and corrupt humours from the body . R. Scabi . Card. benedict . Mors . diaboli ana pu . i. betonicae pu . i. trifolii pu . i. rad . gentianae scrup . i. flo . boraginis , buglossae ana pu . i. sem . citrini scru . i. rhubarb . clectae ʒ j. Sene ʒ iij. aqua scab . endiniae & buglossae ana vnc . j. & semis . fiat infusio . Deinde adde Diacatholicon vnc . j. manna calab . vnc . semis . sir . Rosarum solutiu . vnc . i. misce & fiat potio . Take this potion the second or third day after your sweating , so it be not on the changing or full of the moone , and the sooner the better , no botch or sore appearing . This will worke gently in all bodies , and purge strongly and effectually , and cleanseth and purgeth the bodie of the remnant of the venemous infection , and corrupt humours . Take the other part the second day after early in the morning , you must neither eate , drinke , nor sléepe vntill it hath wrought his effect , which is in giuing you seuen or eight stooles . Within an houre after the taking of it , or thereabout it will worke : Haue therefore in readines your stoole with warme water . If after the taking of it you feare casting it vp , then vse abrowne toste and vinegar to your nose , and smell thereto oftentimes . Within foure or fiue houres you may take a little good broth made with a chicken , veale , or mutton , with hearbes as afore taught . And when it hath wrought his effect , which will be within fiue houres , or thereabout , then may you eate some of your meat , and take your rest a while after , if you haue any disposition to sléep . Make a light supper , and kéepe and obserue a good diet , kéeping your selfe within your chamber or house ten or twelue dayes . They that would haue it lesse purging , may take the third part before set downe . And although it work strongly , yet is it gentle , easie and hurtlesse . It purgeth choler , flegme , and all corrupt and superfluous humours . I could set downe many for the purging of the bodie , but none better , or to be preferred before it in this case : and this will suffice . At other times , we commonly giue sirrupes bnfore , opening , extenuating and preparing the bodie , but in this case , where the matter aboundeth , and requireth spéedie euacuation , we stand not vpon it . Oftentimes and most commonly in this contagious sicknes the patient is troubled with lightnesse in his head , and cannot sléepe : the reason hereof is , Note the braine is distempered by heate : Hote vapours ascending and flying vp from the stomacke . And this is the reason they sléepe not : and the cause of their raging is want of sléepe , and a distemperature of the braine . When a person is so troubled , then vse this vnderwritten . An vnguent to annoint the temples and browes of him that cannot sleepe through heat , and distemperature of the braine . R. Vnguentum popillion vnc . semiss . vnguentum rosarum vnc . semiss . Vnguentum alabastra vnc . anaʒ ij . opium scrup . j. or scrup . ij . in aqua rosarum dissol . misce . With this annoint his temples , and the for part of his head sometimes , when you would haue him to sléepe . And giue him to eat this , which is excéeding good to cause sléepe , and stay raging . R. Conserue of Roses halfe an ounce : Diascordium two drams : sirrupe of popie halfe an ounce : sirrupe of limons two drams : mixe them . Giue him the halfe of this to eate , which will greatly further and prouoke sléepe . Or this will also greatly prouoke sléepe . R. Sirrupe of violets , sirrupe of limons , sirrupe of poppie of each one ounce : diascordium three drams : mixe them . Giue the patient sometime of this in a spoone to drink , for it is good to prouoke sléepe and stay raging . A Frontall to be applyed vnto the fore part of the head , to cause sleep . R. Flowers of Roses , violets , and water Lillies , of each a little handfull : of the seeds and heads of poppie , one dram : of the three kinds of Saunders , of each one dram : Flowers of Camomill , betonie , & melilote , ana pu . ss . beate them into grosse powder , and let a frontall be made thereof . Apply this frontall vnto his head , as afore taught . I haue set downe these meanes to cause and prouoke sléepe , and stay the raging that is oftentimes in this sicknesse . But you must note , that this is not to be vsed in the beginning of his sicknesse : For in the beginning of the sicknesse the person ought in anie wise to be kept from sléepe . For as through sléepe the spirits are drawne inward , and the venome therewith attracted vnto the heart : so the heat is also excéedingly increased through sléepe . Therefore this meanes that I haue set downe for causing of sléepe or anie other to sléepe , may not bée vsed vntill the Patient hath sweat , and two or thrée dayes after his sickening . And the sore forth , then may you safely vse them to his great comfort & ease . Through the great interior heat , the patient his tongue , throte and mouth will be sore , as I haue often séene , then make this gargarisme . A Gargarisme to heale the mouth , throat & tongue in this sicknesse , if it be sore through the heat of the stomacke . R. Barley excoricated or common barley a handfull , Plantain leaues , strawberry leaues , violet leaues , sinckfoile leaues , of either of these a handful : bryer tops halfe a handfull : woodbine leaues and collumbine leaues , halfe a handfull : shred and bruise these hearbes a little , and then boyle them in a quarte of faire water , which beeing well boyled , straine it forth , and put thereto Diamoron two ounces , sirrupe of Roses two ounces , mel Rosarum or honey of Roses two ounces : mixe these , and let the patient vse it often to wash and gargarize his mouth . The vse of a little white wine sometimes is good with Rose-water , and a little vinegar to wash his moth withal . To vomit at the beginning of the sicknesse is good : for if a person fall sicke at his meate , or within a while after his meate ; then ought hee to prouoke vomite , and when he hath vomited , then to take a medicine set downe for the cure of the pestilence , and sweat therewithall , and do as I haue taught in this booke before : but if he bée much troubled with vomiting in his sicknesse , then let him vse this that I shall teach him . gariphilarumʒ ij . syr . limonum vnc . semis . diamargariton frid . ʒ ij . misc . And if his vomiting should not stay , then were it good for him to take some gentle purging potion to expulse these corrupt humours that sucketh vp that disposition to vomite . I doubt not but what I haue written is sufficient for the interiour part . Now will I come to the externall and outward application , and shew what is to bee done in suppurating and opening the sore . Hauing taken one of the medicines afore taught , and sweat , vsing the cordiall appointed , apply vnto the sore this vnderwritten , which will drawe it forth , and ripen it : and you must haue special care that with spéede you draw forth the sore , apostume or carbuncle , least it returne againe into the bodie . A plaister to suppurate , drawe forth , and ripen the sore or botch , although common , yet very good and commended of al that vse it . Take a great white Onion , & cut off the head of it , & with your knife picke out the coare or middle part , and fill that hollow place full of good treacle , not common treacle , but Theriaca Andromachi , which you shall haue at the Apothecaries . Put on the head of the Onion , and paast it with a little dow or leuen , and set it to roste in the imbers , and being soft rosted , take it forth and pill it , and stampe it in a morter , and lay it hote vnto the sore vpon some double cloth , and rowle it softly that it fal not off , & renew it and lay on fresh , euery sixe houres . And here I must néeds commend the vse of a yong cocke to be vsed in this maner vnto the sore . Pull away the feathers from about the fundament of the cocke , and place the fundament vpon the sore , and hold his bill sometime to kéepe in his breath , he shall the better draw the venome : & if he die , then take another , and do so againe . Then lay on this Cataplasma , which I haue often vsed , and approued to bee verie good to draw forth and suppurate the sore . R. One Lilly roote , young mallowes , one handful , let them be bruised in a morter : Lineseede two or three sponefuls beaten grossely , boyle them together in sufficient water , or as much as will couer them , boyle them vntill they be very soft and thick , then put thereunto Figges six or seuen : halfe a good handfull of raisins stoned , mix these together , and put vnto it oyle of Camomil two spoonefuls , and being very warme lay it to the sore , and binde it softly that it may abide on , change it euery twenhoures . Another that ripeneth the botch and bringeth it speedely vnto suppuration . R. Onions and Garlicke heads , of each of them in number foure : rost them in the imbers , then stampe them in a morter , and put thereto of fenegreeck and line seede of each a good spoonefull , snayles with their shelles foure or fiue , figs in number foure : leauen as much as a Walnut , barrowes liquor as much as two walnuts , mix them in a morter , and warme it & apply it vnto the sore . An Implaister that ripeneth the sore or botch . R. Galbanum Ammoniacum , Bedelium ana j ounce , dissolue them in vinegar at the fire and strain them and put thereto diachilon magnum ij . ounces , mix them and spread it vpon a thick cloth , and lay it to the sore and change it euery xvi . houres . Another plaister that draweth forth the sore and ripeneth it speedily . Take a white Lillie roote , yong mallowes two handfull , scabious one handfull : shred them and bruse them , and boile them in a sufficient quantitie of ale grounds , and put thereto of line-séede two or thrée spoonefuls beaten , and as much fenegréek beaten likewise , sower leauen as much as two walenuts , mixe them , and lay it warme vnto the sore , changing it euery sixtéene houres , two or thrée times vsing it , ripens the botch . By vsing any of these pultesses , or cataplasmes , you may spéedilie ripen the botch or sore , and béeing ripe , it ought to bée opened by the Chirurgion in the lower part thereof , that the matter may be the better auoided . And remēber this note , that whatsoeuer you apply or lay vnto the botch must not be cold , I meane cold in qualitie and operation . For cold medicines would driue backe againe that venemous matter true hath expelled , to the great daunger of the that napatient . And if you feare the opening of it , which is indéeds nothing to suffer , then let the Chirurgion vse a potentiall instrument , I meane a causticke , and béeing done vse this digestion . R. Cleare Turpentine washed one ounce , a yolke of a newe laide egge , as much : oyle of Saint Iohns worte halfe a dram , of good Mithridatum halfe a dram . Mixe all these together and vse it vnto the wounde vntill it be wel digested , which you may know by the whitenesse , thicknesse , and great quantity of the matter . And notwithstanding it is now running , yet shall it bée good for you to vse one of the pultise afore taught , it will ripen and bring forth the rest . This is dangerous for those that are about you , therefore bée carefull to kéepe your chamber , and also how you bestow the plasters that you vse vnto your sore , that others be not infected thereby . You ought to vse dayly in your chamber the perfumes before set downe thrée or foure times a day , to vse a good diet , and to eate of some of the cordials before set downe , and your sore béeing néere well , then ought you to purge with one of the potions before set downe . What is to be done when a sore or botch lieth deepe and commes not forth . You must take one of the medicines afore set down for the cure of the plague , and sweat therewithall : but if the Apostume or sorely déep , notwithstanding your sweat , then must you fasten cupping glasses ouer or vpon the sore , first scarifing the place , and when you haue vsed your cupping glasses , then vse a yong cock or pullet , as before is taught , pulling the fethers from about the rumpe and taile , putting a little salt into the fundament of the cocke or pullet , set it vnto your sore houlding the bil of him sometime to retaine his breath : and if he die take one more , and do as before , and then apply the plaister of onions and treacle setdown before : and then applie some one of the other which will bring it to suppuration , then let it be opened as before taught . What is to be done when the botch wil not come to suppuration , but continues hard . If a botch come not to suppuration within thrée or foure daies , as most commonly it dooth , but resisteth your application continuing hard , then must you vse some caustick or strong vessicatorie , or insitiō which I like not of , the matter béeing vnripe or not altered into corruption : the continuance of a botch vnsuppurated and not drawn forth is very dangerous : the reason is , the venome gathereth strength by putrifaction within the body and returnes vnto the heart againe . Then farewell life . This I haue knowne , and I am perswaded may die that might liue , if this were séene vnto . Therefore to preuent danger , rather open the botch before it be full turned vnto suppuration , and vse cataplasmes and pultesses to ripen the rest that remaines . But being still hard , then I say you must vse the counsell of a chirurgion , and open it with a causticke , as I before sayd , how and wherewith I woulde teach , but it would bee too long in this place . First , before it bée opened , let it be well epithymated : and vse some cordiall set downe in this book , two or thrée times a day . And then vse digestions and salue to heales . What is to bee done when a botch strikes . in againe . Sometimes I haue knowne the botch to appeare , and yet sodainlie to fall in againe , and this is euer a dangerous and deadly signe . But I will shewe you all that may bee done : and manie haue by this meanes béene relieued from death . First , with all spéede giue him some one of the foure Electuaries set downe in this booke for the cure of the plague , the quantitie is there set downe : and procure him to sweate as long as he can endure it . Then drie him with warme clothes . And giue him cordials to eate of , set downe in this booke . Then ought hee to haue a glister , the which I will set downe , and the next day early giue him my purging potion set downe before : the which is good in this case : and giue him often cordials to eate . And by this meanes ( by Gods grace ) the patient shall be deliuered from death . The Clister . R. Maluae , Althaeae ambarum cum radicibus ana m. ss . Mercurialis , Hipericonis , Meliloti ana m. ss . Scabi m. ss . sem . lim , & fenigraeci vnc . j. fiat decoctio , m huius libra dissolue butyri vnc . i. mellis rosarum vnc . ii . olei violacei vnc . ii . Catholici vnc . semiss . Succhari rub . vnc . j. Misce & fiat clister . Take foure ounces lesse of the decoction , for that it will be too much in quantitie . Let this glister bée giuen to the patient : And then the next morning receiue the potion set downe before , that purgeth venemous matter from the bodie , and obserue what I haue written . When a botch ariseth neare vnto the heart , or in the throte : then must you desire helpe of the Chirurgion , who with cupping glasses may drawe the sore or botch farther off . To set downe the maner héere it were néedlesse , euery chirurgion that hath anie iudgement and practise knowes how to do it . I will here end , beséeching God to bee mercifull vnto vs , forgiue our sins , and make vs thankful for his great blessings bestowed vpon vs , blesse our labours , and cease this sicknesse . Amen . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A13646-e80 ne ope diuina ●il valemus . Notes for div A13646-e270 What the Plague is . Aerem vitiati ac putridum . ●●metimes the ● is corrup●● by naturall ●ses , & som●●●es by euill ●its com●ded by God ●●e first cause . ●●mb . 14. 11. ●ut . 28. 1. 2. ● . Leuit , 26. 2● Vers . 3. ●en . de diff ●rium cap 8. ●ocrat . de ●hus . 2. cause is corruption he aire . third he is the e●disposition ●e body . Note . Gal. de diff . febrium lib. 1. cap. 5. The second cause of the pestilence . Rotten exhaltions may corupt the aire . The aire tha● commeth frō such stinking places corru●● the blood . The third cau●● of the pestilēd is the euill diposition of the body . perfected ●n an● . ●ritudi●●m est . Remember this whilst th● liuest here . ●uations . ●e good ●ers were in the of all ●ishes in●● & good persons ●t to be ●ed . Yet it were good to take counsell of some Doctor . To prepare the body . The potion purging . What is to be obserued in the ●aking of this ●otion . And draweth from all parts superfluous humors . These are the signes of repletion . Both in feuers dropsies , rhumes falling sicknesse . Galen de humoribus . Qualitie . Quantity . Eccl. 7. Galen iuuent . nēbrorum lib. 1. cap. 4. Heate is the cause , of digestion . Auicen . Hippocrat . in Aphoris . Except one draught for a cold and weake stomacke . Arist . de som . Somnus causatur ex vapore cibi , qui vadit ad cerebrum . Moderate sleep is good , and greatly comforts nature . ●eepe in the ●y makes the ●dy apt to in●ction in this ●●e of sicknes . ●ne nimium ●●turae inimicū . Galen . in regim . sanitat . also increa●h wind , ●oler , & me●choly . ●hese passions the mind are ●angerous . Take a little o● this euery morning . ●●ld wish to vse dai●me one of ● preserua● and when ●ake no ●se some o● preserua● ●●t commons with ●e and ● water . ●ncely pre●tiue . ●he Apo●rie make for you . A good preseruatiue . Rufi cont . pest . Auicen in lib. 4. Take these pils euery second day . * ●hat is , O●●●ges , Limōs , ●●mgranats . ● good Po●ander . A preseruatiue . ●he com●●s . For the Commons . ●or want of ●ese waters ●●ke posset ●ink made white wine . A medicine of singular vertue in curing this sicknesse . A dram and a scruple is sufficient for a any man. ●elay in this ●knes is verie ●angerous , and ●mmonly ●ngeth death 3 good confe●on for cu●●●g the pesti●●●ce . 4 Electuarium contra pestem cum gemmis . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. ●se are ma●est signes ● the heart ● drawne ●venim vnto ●y attraction ●he aire by inspiration ●he arteries the heart . 12. ●e reason ●y no sore ap●reth in som●sons . ●e reason of appearing sore or ●●ch . The heart ought with all speed to bee comforted . No helpe in some persons but death followeth . Venena Principes partes petunt . Gal. What bodies soonest infected I shewed your before . hote feuers ●he cause so ●any die of ●s sicknes . 3. Intentions required in the cure of this sicknes . Beware you sleepe not vntil you haue taken your medicine , & eight houres after . Vse help in the first beginning Who ought to bleede . ●e him in ● sweating , if be very drie , ●n of the cor●ll sirrup set ●wne in this ●oke halfe a ●onefull , or a ●onefull at a ●e . What drinke the patient ought to vse . To mitigate and take away his drinesse and thirst . But my perfumes set down are far better to be vsed . Let him sleepe one or two howers to preuent paine and lightnes of the head . God is the author of health . ●e purging is ●od , & ought be vsed . purging po●●n to be ta●●n the second ●y after sweat no botch or ●●e appeare . If it be not on the change or full of the Moone . Great folly in many men , to ●suse the means of their ●ealth . Whē the botch sore grow●h toward benesse , beare ye neither ●rge nor ●eede , but vse ●rdials , and ●utward medi●●nes to ripē it . Who may not ●eed . Where to bleed , in what place or vaine . The quantity . Any time or houre in necessitie let bloud . The diet the ●cke ought to ●eepe . Or rosewater ●● vinegar together . Change of chambers is good . ●nd apply an ●pithymum ●nto the heart . ●nd it were ●ry good that ●es were ●ade through ●ut the citie , & you think the ●erfumes too ●ere , then ●e frankin●nse , rosin , and ●urpentine . ●y sleepe the ●oud and ●rits vitall are ●awne inward ●d attracteth ●th it selfe the ●nome vnto ●e heart , and ●taineth it in . A defensitiue for the heart , in sweating to be vsed . A very good cordial confection to be eaten oftentimes in the day of the sick patiēt . A purging potion to be vsed the second day after sweat , if no sore appeare ●t worke not thin two ●ures take a ●tle broth fiue ●● sixe spoone●s . This Cordiall ●onfection ●oth greatly ●omfort the ●eart . The diet that ●●ust be vsed . His drinke . A Iulep to help drinesse and thirst . Against thirstinesse a sirrup . Iulep against ●st & dri●e . ●uilt com●ing the 〈◊〉 . An Epithymū for the heart to be vsed to a weak and fainting person . ●xing it with infusion ●t was left . ●member to often in ●ur chamber ●t perfumes downe be●e . ●ppocrat . cum ●isque purgare . An vnguent to cause sleepe in watching and rauing . A confection causing sleepe . ●eause sleep ●ntlet to be ●ied vnto ●rowes . ●ote this . ● gargarisme . Note this , whē vomit is good . Cordials and sweat will stay vomiting . To stay vomiting . breake not selfe by meanes dily . Vse cordials to comfort the heart . The cause why the sore coms not forth , is weaknesse of nature . 〈◊〉 with a 〈◊〉 . When a botch ariseth in a dāgerous place what we must doe .