Distant Reader - subject-orphans-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 8 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 16,411 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 2,051 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 84. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

text, tcp, eebo, english, early, london, court, tei, hospital, works, city, texts, books, lord, encoded, england, characters, orphans, will, now, work, present, oxford, poor, online, pepys, phase, xml, shall, partnership, encoding, time, lordship, images, without, image, state, petitioners, self, either, christ, one, transcribed, page, governours, first, great, therefore, markup, may

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Mr. Pepys to the Lord Mayor upon the present state of Christ-Hospital. To the Right Honourable Sir Humphry Edwin, Lord Mayor, The case of the city of London, in reference to debt to the orphans, and others., and To the honorable the knights, citizens and burgesses, in Parliament assembled. The humble petition of Robert Tayloe, Joseph Emerson, John Sawbridge and Edward Pearce on the behalf of themselves and other poor marriners, to the number of five hundred and upwards, who served the East-India Company in their late wars against the great mogul, and other heathen princes: and on the behalf of the widows and orphans of other marriners to the like number, that perished in the said wars..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

english books, early english, books online, creation partnership, text creation, page images, early works, lord mayor, tcp schema, represented either, image sets, characters represented, present state, mona logarbo, batch review, financial support, tiff page, encoded text, gap elements, pfs batch, asking permission, iv tiff, providing financial, tcp assigned, without asking, xml conversion, images scanned, proquest page, image set, commercial purposes, text transcribed, creative commons, online text, encoded edition, markup reviewed, institutions providing, work described, bit group, characters marked, ascii text, make clear, notably latin, produce large, tcp texts, instances will, placeholder characters, remaining illegibles, due credit, cambridge bibliography, syntactic tagging

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The case of the city of London, in reference to debt to the orphans, and others. To the honorable the knights, citizens and burgesses, in Parliament assembled. The humble petition of Robert Tayloe, Joseph Emerson, John Sawbridge and Edward Pearce on the behalf of themselves and other poor marriners, to the number of five hundred and upwards, who served the East-India Company in their late wars against the great mogul, and other heathen princes: and on the behalf of the widows and orphans of other marriners to the like number, that perished in the said wars., and Mr. Pepys to the Right Honourable Sir Francis Child, Kt. Lord Mayor, and to the Court of Aldermen upon the present state of Christ-Hospital..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, hospital, court, city, petitioners, lordship, london, hospitall, early

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be text, and Mr. Pepys to the Lord Mayor upon the present state of Christ-Hospital. To the Right Honourable Sir Humphry Edwin, Lord Mayor is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

text, works, texts, characters, books, xml, work, lordship, images, time, image, self, page, keying, elements, edition, project, encoding, data, eebo, title, state, petitioners, number, users, purposes, markup, instances, sets, selection, schema, guidelines, editions, others, part, interest, support, debt, day, copy, terms, orphans, treasurer, transcription, reason, print, errors, credit, changes, behalf

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

be, is, have, was, said, were, been, are, encoded, being, based, has, do, made, had, published, take, -, represented, marked, did, created, create, corrected, make, am, according, thought, known, given, think, remaining, remain, providing, meet, find, asking, scanned, reviewed, request, reflect, performed, owned, modified, edited, divided, distributed, described, copied, come

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

tcp, london, court, hospital, text, lord, eebo, england, city, tei, oxford, christ, english, pepys, orphans, house, proquest, phase, partnership, creation, president, aldermen, sir, mayor, governours, transcribed, hospitall, online, mr., utf-8, unicode, p5, ncbel, michigan, john, god, poor, parliament, chamber, samuel, mona, logarbo, books, state, sampled, king, honour''d, commons, character, university

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

your, their, it, i, my, you, me, them, his, our, its, they, we, him, themselves, himself, he, us, thy, myself, theirs, mine, requir''d, ours

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, early, english, own, such, present, available, same, poor, good, great, many, more, first, general, illegible, late, last, due, greater, textual, proofread, possible, original, much, true, second, little, light, later, keyboarded, honourable, financial, commercial, aware, wide, usual, syntactic, subject, structural, readable, quality, public, overall, monographic, lossless, large, honorable, external, eligible

not, so, now, therefore, then, early, most, there, only, online, in, as, yet, very, thereof, even, more, well, too, out, thus, over, never, ever, otherwise, no, alone, above, respectfully, less, also, variously, usually, sometimes, notably, much, mainly, accurately, once, first, therein, particularly, lastly, here, still, on, especially, else, accordingly, together

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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