The honours of the Lords spiritual asserted, and their priviledges to vote in capital cases in Parliament maintained by reason and precedents collected out of the records of the Tower, and the journals of the House of Lords.
         Hunt, Thomas, 1627?-1688.
      
       
         
           1679
        
      
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             The honours of the Lords spiritual asserted, and their priviledges to vote in capital cases in Parliament maintained by reason and precedents collected out of the records of the Tower, and the journals of the House of Lords.
             Hunt, Thomas, 1627?-1688.
          
           [2], 32 p.
           
             Printed by Tho. Braddyll and are to be sold by Robert Clavel,
             London :
             1679.
          
           
             Attributed by Wing to Thomas Hunt.
             Reproduction of original in the Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           England and Wales. -- Parliament. -- House of Lords.
           Nobility -- Great Britain.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           HONOURS
           OF
           THE
           
             Lords
             Spiritual
             Asserted
          
           :
           And
           THEIR
           PRIVILEDGES
           To
           VOTE
           in
           CAPITAL
           CASES
           IN
           PARLIAMENT
           Maintained
           by
           
             Reason
             and
             Precedents
          
           .
        
         
           Collected
           out
           of
           the
           RECORDS
           of
           the
           TOWER
           And
           the
           Journals
           of
           the
           HOUSE
           of
           LORDS
           .
        
         
           Pray
           for
           the
           Peace
           of
           Jerusalem
           ,
           they
           shall
           prosper
           that
           love
           thee
           ,
           Peace
           be
           within
           thy
           Walls
           ,
           and
           prosperity
           within
           thy
           Palaces
           .
           
             Psal
             .
             122.
             ver
             .
             6
             ,
             7.
             
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             Tho.
             Braddyll
          
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           be
           Sold
           by
           
             Robert
             Clavel
          
           at
           the
           Peacock
           in
           St.
           
             Pauls
             Church-yard
             .
             1679.
          
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           T
           IS
           not
           unknown
           to
           any
           in
           our
           
             English
             Israel
          
           ,
           that
           there
           are
           yet
           here
           amongst
           us
           some
           Remainders
           of
           the
           Men
           of
           42.
           and
           that
           the
           Disease
           it self
           sticks
           as
           close
           to
           Them
           ,
           and
           particularly
           to
           some
           eminent
           Parts
           of
           the
           Nation
           where
           they
           skul
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           present
           where
           they
           make
           their
           Refuge
           (
           for
           in
           the
           Countries
           they
           are
           more
           easily
           discovered
           )
           as
           the
           Leprosie
           did
           under
           the
           Law
           to
           the
           very
           Walls
           of
           the
           House
           ;
           and
           it
           seems
           to
           be
           as
           hardly
           removed
           as
           that
           Levitical
           Distemper
           ,
           which
           some
           Naturalists
           and
           Physitians
           say
           cannot
           be
           done
           but
           only
           by
           Blood
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           the
           thing
           which
           their
           fingers
           itch
           to
           be
           at
           again
           ,
           Witness
           their
           late
           Rebellious
           Commotions
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           which
           had
           they
           taken
           effect
           ,
           there
           would
           not
           have
           been
           wanting
           these
           who
           would
           have
           justified
           them
           :
           Nay
           ,
           I
           speak
           what
           I
           know
           ,
           and
           have
           heard
           ,
           did
           excuse
           them
           ,
           as
           a
           poor
           People
           Opprest
           ;
           and
           
             You
             know
             Oppression
             makes
             a
             Wise
             man
             Mad
             ,
          
           especially
           at
           this
           time
           of
           the
           year
           ,
           the
           
             Season
             being
             a
             little
             Hot.
          
           I
           must
           confess
           I
           am
           no
           stranger
           to
           the
           Men
           or
           their
           ways
           ,
           having
           been
           for
           many
           Years
           last
           past
           ,
           a
           strict
           Observer
           of
           them
           ,
           though
           I
           thank
           God
           I
           have
           always
           ,
           and
           do
           still
           from
           my
           Heart
           ,
           Abhor
           and
           Detest
           any
           Confarreation
           with
           them
           ,
           or
           any
           the
           least
           Approbation
           of
           their
           Actings
           or
           Principles
           ;
           for
           I
           have
           discovered
           so
           much
           of
           ill
           Nature
           ,
           Censoriousness
           ,
           Covetuousness
           ,
           Self-seeking
           ,
           and
           want
           of
           Charity
           in
           this
           sort
           of
           Men
           ,
           that
           it
           did
           always
           give
           me
           a
           great
           suspition
           that
           their
           Cause
           was
           Evil
           ;
           especially
           reflecting
           upon
           the
           Means
           which
           they
           made
           use
           of
           to
           carry
           on
           their
           pretended
           Reformation
           ,
           
             (
             viz.
          
           )
           The
           throwing
           down
           of
           Episcopacy
           ,
           a
           Government
           of
           Gods
           Church
           ,
           as
           Antient
           in
           this
           Nation
           as
           Christianity
           it self
           ;
           the
           takeing
           away
           ,
           and
           Abolishing
           the
           best
           of
           Liturgies
           either
           Ancient
           or
           Modern
           ,
           a
           justified
           taking
           up
           of
           Arms
           against
           their
           Native
           Soveraign
           ,
           
             the
             Lords
             Annointed
          
           ,
           to
           whom
           ,
           and
           to
           whose
           Ancestors
           they
           and
           their
           Fore-fathers
           had
           Sworn
           Allegiance
           :
           the
           Plundering
           and
           Devesting
           of
           the
           Kings
           most
           faithfull
           Subjects
           of
           their
           Goods
           ,
           Estates
           and
           
           for
           their
           dutiful
           adherence
           to
           the
           best
           of
           Kings
           who
           ever
           raign'd
           in
           this
           our
           Isle
           .
           And
           lastly
           the
           embrewing
           their
           Violent
           ,
           Rebellious
           ,
           and
           Wicked
           hands
           in
           His
           most
           Sacred
           Blood
           ;
           a
           course
           which
           the
           Moral
           Heathen
           would
           Blash
           to
           take
           ,
           to
           save
           his
           Country
           ready
           to
           be
           Lost
           and
           Ruined
           ,
           and
           yet
           these
           men
           in
           a
           Bad
           Cause
           to
           pretend
           Conscience
           and
           Religion
           ,
           which
           hereto
           fore
           Conquered
           the
           Heathen
           World
           ,
           not
           by
           resisting
           though
           they
           were
           able
           and
           wanted
           not
           Numbers
           to
           do
           it
           ,
           but
           by
           their
           Sufferings
           ;
           for
           these
           Men
           I
           say
           to
           pretend
           Conscience
           and
           Religion
           ,
           
             Clament
             Melicerta
             Perisse
             Frontem
             de
             rebus
             .
          
           These
           are
           the
           Men
           I
           Confess
           against
           whom
           the
           following
           Discourse
           is
           aim'd
           :
           For
           I
           very
           well
           know
           that
           it
           lies
           not
           in
           the
           Power
           or
           Wit
           of
           these
           ,
           though
           they
           gladly
           would
           and
           do
           flatter
           themselves
           perhaps
           in
           this
           their
           Folly
           that
           they
           may
           be
           able
           to
           Cajole
           any
           Persons
           of
           Loyal
           Hearts
           or
           Principles
           ,
           to
           take
           part
           with
           ,
           or
           appear
           against
           the
           Bishops
           in
           the
           present
           Controversie
           :
           No
           ,
           Gentlemen
           believe
           it
           ,
           you
           smell
           too
           strong
           ,
           and
           you
           are
           too
           well
           known
           ,
           and
           I
           can
           never
           believe
           the
           contrary
           ,
           till
           I
           see
           you
           perswade
           them
           to
           carry
           in
           once
           more
           their
           Plate
           to
           Guild-Hall
           ,
           for
           the
           Carrying
           on
           Your
           Vnholy
           Cause
           ;
           or
           to
           shut
           up
           their
           Shops
           ,
           as
           you
           know
           who
           did
           heretofore
           and
           go
           with
           you
           to
           Releive
           
             Glocester
             .
             Atqui
             parvas
             spes
             habet
             Troja
             si
             tales
             habet
             .
          
        
         
           And
           so
           I
           Refer
           the
           Reader
           to
           the
           Perusal
           of
           the
           Book
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           THE
           HONOURS
           AND
           RIGHTS
           OF
           THE
           CLERGY
           ASSERTED
           :
           And
           PRIVILEDGES
           of
           the
           BISHOPS
           To
           VOTE
           in
           Capital
           CASES
           in
           
             Parliament
             VINDICATED
          
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             I.
             
          
           
             
               The
               Honour
               of
               the
               Priesthood
               asserted
               by
               the
               Law
               of
               Nature
               and
               Levitical
               Law
               ;
               the
               Immumunities
               thereof
               under
               Primitive
               Christianity
               .
               The
               returns
               of
               Gratitude
               to
               God
               for
               the
               Blessings
               and
               Labours
               of
               the
               Ministers
               thereof
               in
               the
               Reformation
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
               in
               the
               last
               and
               present
               Age
               wherein
               we
               Live
               ;
               together
               with
               some
               close
               Reflections
               thereupon
               .
            
          
           
             REligion
             a
             thing
             so
             Excellent
             ,
             (
             that
             to
             be
             careless
             in
             it
             ,
             or
             neglectful
             of
             it
             ,
             is
             accounted
             a
             great
             disreputation
             and
             shame
             to
             any
             Party
             or
             Person
             )
             hath
             ever
             had
             since
             there
             were
             Professors
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             so
             long
             as
             there
             have
             been
             men
             in
             the
             World
             ,
             a
             select
             number
             of
             Persons
             ,
             who
             have
             been
             the
             Ministers
             of
             it
             .
             These
             men
             dureing
             the
             first
             times
             ,
             and
             the
             Administration
             of
             the
             Law
             of
             Nature
             ,
             were
             the
             First
             Born
             ,
             and
             they
             both
             Princes
             and
             Priests
             too
             ;
             so
             that
             the
             Administration
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             the
             Performance
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             we
             find
             then
             to
             have
             been
             linked
             together
             in
             one
             and
             the
             same
             Person
             ,
             
               Adam
               ,
               Seth
               ,
               Enoch
            
             ,
             and
             Noah
             ,
             and
             other
             the
             Antediluvian
             Patriarchs
             were
             in
             their
             Order
             and
             Succession
             both
             Kings
             and
             Priests
             also
             ;
             as
             any
             person
             may
             be
             satisfied
             ,
             if
             he
             will
             peruse
             those
             Writers
             of
             the
             Jewish
             Antiquities
             Philo
             and
             Josephus
             :
             Afterwards
             ,
             when
             the
             Law
             was
             given
             by
             positive
             Precepts
             to
             the
             Sons
             of
             men
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             Twelve
             Tribes
             
               (
               viz.
            
             )
             that
             of
             Levi
             had
             
             the
             Priesthood
             annexed
             to
             it
             ,
             together
             with
             other
             great
             Immunities
             ,
             Honours
             and
             Priviledges
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             division
             of
             the
             Land
             of
             Canaan
             (
             if
             Mr.
             Seldens
             Authority
             may
             sway
             any
             ,
             
               Rev.
               Hist
               .
               Tithes
               ,
               c.
               2.
               )
            
             they
             of
             Levi
             had
             near
             three
             times
             the
             Annual
             Revenue
             of
             the
             largest
             among
             them
             ,
             they
             had
             their
             Places
             and
             Voices
             in
             their
             Sanhedrims
             and
             Councils
             :
             yea
             and
             Cognizance
             of
             
               Capital
               Causes
            
             also
             ,
             as
             we
             may
             find
             largely
             proved
             by
             the
             Learned
             Spelman
             in
             his
             History
             of
             Sacriledge
             ;
             What
             sense
             the
             very
             Heathens
             themselves
             had
             of
             the
             Honours
             of
             their
             Priesthood
             ,
             it
             would
             be
             very
             tedious
             to
             relate
             .
             The
             Priesthood
             was
             not
             esteemed
             any
             shame
             to
             him
             that
             bore
             the
             Scepter
             and
             wore
             the
             Crown
             .
             In
             Egypt
             as
             Sr.
             
               John
               Marsham
            
             in
             his
             
               Cronic
               .
               Canon
            
             ,
             
             well
             observes
             those
             Ancient
             Kings
             after
             the
             Flood
             Thoth
             ,
             or
             
               Mercurius
               ,
               Tosorthrus
            
             ,
             or
             
               Aesculapius
               ,
               Suphis
            
             the
             Builder
             of
             the
             greatest
             of
             the
             Pyramids
             were
             Kings
             and
             Divines
             too
             .
             See
             him
             at
             large
             ,
             
               c.
               ad
               Sec.
               4.
            
             
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Nay
             in
             the
             first
             Ages
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             the
             Legislative
             and
             Executive
             Power
             went
             along
             with
             the
             Priesthood
             ,
             
               Melchizedeck
               ,
               Abraham
            
             ,
             and
             Jacob
             after
             the
             Flood
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Antediluvian
             Patriarchs
             were
             as
             well
             Executors
             as
             makers
             of
             Laws
             .
             Let
             us
             peruse
             the
             Holy
             Records
             ,
             and
             we
             find
             David
             a
             King
             and
             a
             Prophet
             ,
             his
             Son
             Solomon
             the
             wisest
             of
             mortal
             men
             ,
             stileing
             himself
             by
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Preacher
             and
             valuing
             himself
             more
             upon
             that
             name
             ,
             then
             upon
             the
             score
             of
             his
             other
             Royal
             Titles
             ;
             and
             in
             the
             fullness
             of
             time
             Jesus
             Christ
             himself
             the
             
               King
               of
               Kings
            
             ,
             the
             Eternal
             Son
             of
             God
             and
             
               Original
               of
               all
               Power
            
             thought
             it
             not
             below
             him
             telling
             us
             expresly
             
               Luke
               4.
               18.
            
             
             That
             he
             was
             sent
             into
             the
             World
             on
             no
             other
             end
             than
             to
             
               Preach
               the
               Gospel
            
             .
             True
             it
             is
             ,
             his
             Kingdom
             was
             not
             of
             this
             World
             ,
             and
             he
             never
             went
             about
             to
             dipossess
             either
             the
             Roman
             or
             Jewish
             Governours
             in
             Judaea
             ;
             neither
             did
             his
             Disciples
             ever
             go
             about
             to
             do
             any
             thing
             like
             it
             ;
             yet
             when
             the
             Empire
             became
             Christians
             ,
             the
             Prudent
             Piety
             of
             the
             first
             and
             most
             Christian
             Emperors
             for
             the
             better
             Encouragement
             of
             Religion
             and
             Learning
             ,
             conferred
             large
             Immunities
             and
             Exemptions
             upon
             Church-men
             ,
             freeing
             them
             from
             Subsidies
             ,
             Impositions
             ,
             and
             sundry
             services
             wherewith
             other
             of
             their
             Subjects
             were
             burdened
             *
             Eusebius
             and
             Zozomen
             ,
             record
             several
             Priviledges
             granted
             by
             Constantine
             ,
             That
             those
             who
             Minister
             in
             Holy
             Religion
             be
             wholly
             free
             and
             exempt
             from
             all
             publick
             Burthens
             :
             And
             some
             have
             very
             well
             observed
             ,
             that
             during
             the
             continuance
             of
             the
             gift
             of
             Tongues
             ,
             extraordinary
             Learning
             ,
             and
             other
             Miraculous
             effusions
             of
             Gods
             Holy
             Spirit
             upon
             the
             Primitive
             Church
             ,
             there
             were
             no
             need
             of
             the
             Piety
             and
             Charity
             which
             subsequent
             Christian
             Emperors
             bestowed
             upon
             the
             Church
             ,
             the
             Apostles
             had
             no
             need
             to
             study
             for
             their
             Preaching
             ,
             and
             therefore
             had
             leisure
             enough
             to
             fish
             and
             make
             Tents
             for
             a
             livelihood
             ,
             whereas
             ours
             are
             forced
             to
             pore
             upon
             Books
             ,
             to
             Meditate
             ,
             Write
             ,
             and
             all
             hardly
             sufficient
             to
             search
             out
             the
             deep
             Mysteries
             which
             cost
             Them
             no
             Pains
             ,
             the
             Spirit
             supplying
             the
             place
             of
             all
             .
             Therefore
             to
             make
             amends
             for
             all
             these
             extraordinary
             qualifications
             ,
             and
             abundant
             measure
             of
             Spiritual
             Graces
             wherewith
             they
             were
             furnished
             above
             us
             ,
             it
             hath
             pleased
             the
             Lord
             of
             the
             Harvest
             in
             these
             latter
             days
             to
             raise
             up
             Christian
             Magistrates
             to
             assist
             and
             encourage
             his
             Labourers
             ,
             and
             appoint
             them
             a
             more
             setled
             and
             plentifull
             allowance
             ;
             yea
             and
             honour
             also
             ,
             and
             power
             together
             with
             it
             ,
             for
             that
             Wisdom
             without
             these
             is
             commonly
             contemned
             .
             Who
             ever
             was
             chosen
             a
             Magistrate
             in
             our
             Neighbour
             State
             of
             Holland
             ,
             or
             here
             at
             home
             ?
             who
             had
             not
             Riches
             ,
             and
             therefore
             Honour
             to
             support
             them
             ,
             Wisdom
             in
             the
             esteem
             of
             the
             Vulgar
             is
             always
             thought
             to
             be
             accompanied
             with
             Riches
             and
             Power
             :
             So
             that
             the
             pretences
             of
             those
             men
             who
             for
             a
             Cloak
             to
             their
             Innovations
             and
             Sacriledges
             ,
             vainly
             vaunt
             that
             all
             things
             should
             
             be
             brought
             back
             to
             the
             Primitive
             Purity
             ,
             and
             the
             Clergy
             also
             to
             the
             Apostles
             Poverty
             ,
             seem
             to
             argue
             thus
             much
             that
             they
             are
             no
             farther
             true
             Gospel
             Ministers
             ,
             and
             the
             Successors
             of
             the
             Apostles
             than
             they
             are
             able
             to
             work
             Miracles
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             though
             not
             enabled
             to
             it
             by
             any
             Education
             may
             be
             required
             to
             work
             in
             any
             of
             those
             Callings
             of
             which
             the
             Apostles
             were
             ,
             whose
             Successors
             they
             pretend
             to
             be
             .
             We
             read
             in
             
               Lud.
               Vives
            
             in
             his
             Commentary
             upon
             St.
             
               Aust
               .
               de
               Civitate
               Dei
            
             ,
             That
             the
             Priests
             of
             Ceres
             [
             no
             other
             than
             the
             Mendicants
             amongst
             them
             of
             Rome
             ]
             were
             to
             renounce
             the
             World
             and
             Riches
             and
             Honour
             too
             ;
             and
             therefore
             that
             on
             the
             day
             of
             their
             Initiation
             they
             were
             to
             put
             on
             a
             Coat
             which
             they
             never
             left
             off
             till
             such
             time
             as
             it
             was
             so
             ragged
             that
             it
             would
             no
             longer
             hang
             to
             their
             backs
             ;
             certainly
             if
             Spiritual
             Persons
             were
             left
             to
             some
             mens
             allowance
             ,
             this
             would
             be
             their
             Portion
             from
             them
             to
             be
             clad
             with
             Poverty
             ,
             Contempt
             ,
             and
             Rags
             ,
             and
             their
             Callings
             as
             well
             as
             their
             Necessities
             would
             constrain
             them
             to
             
               Fast
               and
               Pray
            
             .
             I
             know
             some
             men
             (
             particularly
             Luther
             )
             amongst
             our
             Reformers
             have
             sleighted
             Honours
             ,
             and
             that
             Portion
             due
             to
             their
             Callings
             ,
             out
             of
             sincere
             Principles
             and
             a
             good
             meaning
             ,
             who
             have
             yet
             lived
             to
             Repent
             their
             Error
             ,
             though
             not
             able
             to
             redress
             it
             ,
             when
             they
             have
             seen
             how
             much
             the
             Church
             has
             thereby
             suffered
             ,
             and
             Religion
             been
             damnified
             ,
             Witness
             
               Luther
               Epist
            
             .
             p.
             131.
             
             
               Ego
               per
               meo
               stipendio
               annuo
               tantum
               novem
               antiquas
               Sexagenas
               habeo
               ,
               praeter
               has
               ne
               obolus
               quidem
               mihi
               ;
               aut
               fratribus
               è
               Civitate
               accedit
               .
            
             A
             great
             and
             noble
             reward
             for
             such
             matchless
             deserts
             ,
             and
             if
             so
             happy
             an
             Instrument
             of
             Europes
             Reformation
             ,
             so
             valiant
             a
             Champion
             ,
             who
             singly
             opposed
             the
             United
             Power
             of
             Rome
             and
             Hell
             ,
             What
             may
             the
             Clergy
             of
             our
             days
             expect
             ?
             viz.
             To
             be
             devested
             of
             their
             Revenues
             ,
             Honours
             and
             Immunities
             ,
             because
             they
             are
             the
             Successors
             of
             their
             Forefathers
             the
             Bishops
             and
             Reformers
             in
             Queen
             Marys
             days
             ,
             some
             of
             the
             Principal
             whereof
             were
             publickly
             Burnt
             as
             Martyrs
             for
             that
             Religion
             which
             (
             God
             be
             thanked
             )
             maugre
             the
             Monstrous
             ingratitude
             of
             some
             ,
             we
             yet
             through
             the
             Blessing
             of
             God
             enjoy
             ,
             by
             the
             Pains
             and
             Labours
             of
             their
             Worthy
             Successors
             .
             Who
             are
             the
             Persons
             who
             have
             to
             the
             Eternal
             Shame
             and
             Infamy
             of
             Rome
             laid
             open
             the
             Vileness
             ,
             Wickedness
             ,
             and
             Immorality
             as
             well
             as
             the
             false
             Doctrines
             ,
             Idolatries
             and
             Superstitions
             of
             that
             Church
             ?
             Who
             are
             they
             who
             have
             been
             the
             Watchmen
             upon
             the
             Wall
             ,
             that
             have
             ever
             since
             the
             Reformation
             Beaten
             and
             Foiled
             them
             in
             their
             Assaults
             upon
             our
             Church
             ?
             Was
             not
             the
             Walls
             thereof
             Watered
             ,
             and
             as
             it
             were
             Cemented
             with
             the
             Blood
             of
             
               Cranmer
               ,
               Latimer
               ,
               Ridley
               ,
               Hooper
               ,
            
             and
             others
             ;
             the
             Supestructure
             raised
             by
             
               Jewel
               ,
               Reynolds
            
             and
             others
             ,
             
               Sed
               me
               reprimo
            
             .
             And
             yet
             now
             those
             days
             through
             Mercy
             are
             over
             ,
             Must
             their
             Successors
             still
             be
             wounded
             by
             the
             hands
             of
             their
             pretended
             Friends
             ,
             and
             receive
             such
             hard
             measure
             from
             their
             Pretended
             Well-wishers
             ?
             
               This
               strikes
               to
               the
               very
               Heart
               .
            
          
           
             Scilicet
             ,
          
           
             
               
                 
                   Hoc
                   Ithacus
                   velit
                   &
                   magno
                   Mercentur
                   Atridae
                   .
                
              
            
          
        
         
           
           
             CHAP.
             II.
             
          
           
             
               The
               Clergy
               under
               the
               Law
               and
               Gospel
               also
               ,
               have
               ingaged
               in
               Secular
               Causes
               ,
               and
               the
               State
               very
               happy
               in
               this
               their
               Administration
               in
               the
               Primitive
               times
               of
               the
               Gospel
               proved
               from
               the
               Examples
               of
               St.
               Ambrose
               ,
               St.
               
                 Austine
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               
            
          
           
             WE
             all
             know
             it
             was
             a
             Political
             Maxim
             mentioned
             by
             Josephus
             as
             derived
             from
             Moses
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             
               Philo.
               in
               vit
               .
               Mos
            
             .
             The
             King
             must
             ever
             take
             the
             advice
             of
             the
             Priest
             ,
             Moses
             himself
             was
             a
             Priest
             as
             well
             as
             a
             Ruler
             ;
             and
             he
             appointed
             Priests
             dureing
             the
             Levitical
             Administration
             to
             be
             Overseers
             of
             all
             things
             ,
             Judges
             of
             Controversies
             ,
             and
             Punishment
             of
             Malefactors
             ,
             
               Joseph
               .
               lib.
               2.
               cont
               .
               App.
            
             who
             saw
             the
             precept
             reduced
             to
             practice
             ,
             tells
             us
             the
             thing
             in
             fact
             was
             so
             .
             Who
             hath
             not
             heard
             that
             Ely
             and
             Samuel
             the
             Lords
             Priests
             were
             at
             the
             same
             time
             Civil
             Judges
             in
             
               Israel
               .
               Chytraeus
            
             makes
             three
             Consistories
             amongst
             the
             Jews
             ,
             of
             all
             which
             the
             Priests
             were
             the
             Principal
             and
             Essential
             Members
             :
             (
             1.
             )
             A
             Triumvirat
             in
             every
             City
             wherein
             many
             matters
             and
             lighter
             Trespasses
             was
             decided
             ;
             these
             Grotius
             calls
             
               Pedaneos
               Judices
            
             .
             (
             2
             )
             The
             little
             Sanhedrim
             Consisting
             of
             23
             ,
             wherein
             Capital
             Causes
             were
             determined
             in
             the
             Gate
             of
             every
             City
             .
             (
             3.
             )
             The
             Council
             of
             State
             or
             grand
             Senate
             of
             70
             Elders
             ,
             which
             some
             make
             to
             consist
             of
             71
             ,
             taking
             in
             Moses
             ;
             others
             in
             72.
             
             Six
             out
             of
             each
             Tribe
             ,
             the
             High
             Priest
             being
             commonly
             of
             the
             Number
             .
             Now
             that
             the
             Priests
             and
             Levites
             were
             part
             of
             this
             great
             Sanhedrim
             ,
             
             Causabon
             will
             bear
             me
             out
             ;
             who
             makes
             it
             appear
             out
             of
             their
             best
             Authors
             ,
             
               quod
               hujus
               Concilii
               ea
               fuit
               institutio
               ut
               si
               fieri
               possit
               e
               Solis
               Levitis
               &
               Sacerdotibus
               constaret
               ,
            
             That
             as
             near
             as
             might
             be
             ,
             the
             endeavour
             was
             it
             might
             consist
             only
             of
             Priests
             and
             Levites
             ;
             whence
             Josephus
             and
             Philo
             oftentimes
             under
             the
             Title
             of
             Priests
             understand
             the
             Sanhedrim
             .
             Come
             we
             down
             to
             David
             whose
             Government
             was
             a
             Pattern
             to
             all
             his
             Successors
             ,
             his
             Reign
             was
             peaceable
             and
             flowrishing
             ;
             nor
             did
             he
             want
             States-men
             of
             the
             most
             raised
             abilities
             for
             his
             employments
             :
             Yet
             did
             not
             this
             Wise
             ,
             this
             Holy
             Prince
             think
             it
             inconsistent
             with
             the
             Sacred
             Function
             (
             which
             yet
             St.
             Austin
             tells
             us
             in
             some
             respects
             
               Operosius
               Ministerium
            
             than
             that
             of
             the
             Gospel
             )
             to
             engage
             Levites
             in
             his
             weightiest
             secular
             Charges
             .
             For
             we
             find
             Hathaliah
             and
             his
             Brethren
             appointed
             Officers
             on
             this
             side
             Jordan
             ,
             not
             only
             in
             the
             business
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
             but
             
               in
               the
               Service
               of
               the
               King
               :
            
             And
             Jerijah
             another
             in
             Holy
             Orders
             is
             made
             Plenipotentiary
             or
             Ruler
             over
             the
             Reubenites
             ,
             the
             Gadites
             ,
             and
             the
             half
             Tribe
             of
             Manassah
             in
             every
             matter
             pertaining
             to
             God
             ,
             and
             in
             
               the
               affairs
               of
               the
               King
               likewise
               ,
               1
               Chron.
               26.
               30.
               32.
               
            
             Nor
             was
             he
             singular
             in
             it
             ,
             but
             was
             Imitated
             by
             good
             Jehosaphat
             who
             made
             the
             Priests
             and
             the
             Levites
             Judges
             of
             all
             the
             Controversies
             in
             Israel
             ,
             not
             excluding
             
               matters
               of
               Blood
               ,
               2
               Chron.
               19.
               8
               ,
               10.
               
            
             Now
             run
             over
             the
             Catalogue
             of
             all
             the
             Kings
             of
             Israel
             and
             were
             any
             to
             be
             paralled
             with
             these
             ?
             I
             am
             sure
             that
             none
             went
             beyond
             these
             ,
             none
             whose
             Government
             did
             more
             prosper
             with
             Righteousness
             ,
             Justice
             ,
             and
             Tranquility
             .
             And
             though
             under
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Kings
             we
             have
             no
             express
             mention
             of
             the
             same
             practice
             ;
             yet
             all
             things
             considered
             ,
             we
             have
             more
             reason
             to
             conclude
             it
             held
             than
             the
             contrary
             ,
             for
             we
             find
             Jehoiada
             the
             Priest
             chief
             Counsellour
             to
             
               Joash
               ,
               2
               King.
               11.
            
             
             And
             if
             we
             look
             into
             after
             times
             at
             the
             Babylonian
             Captivity
             ,
             the
             
             Priests
             command
             all
             and
             possess
             the
             Scepter
             for
             some
             Hundred
             of
             years
             ,
             for
             the
             Assamonaean
             ,
             Race
             continued
             absolute
             Princes
             till
             Pompeys
             Conquest
             ,
             
               Joseph
               .
               l.
               13.
               c.
               9.
               
            
             We
             may
             further
             add
             that
             many
             Civil
             Causes
             are
             by
             name
             reserv'd
             to
             the
             Levical
             Cognizance
             ,
             as
             the
             Inquisition
             for
             Murther
             ,
             false
             Witness
             ,
             
               &c.
               Deut.
               21.
            
             
             And
             yet
             after
             all
             ,
             the
             Preachers
             of
             the
             Gospel
             do
             not
             hence
             draw
             arguments
             that
             they
             are
             chiefly
             and
             solely
             to
             be
             instructed
             with
             these
             great
             and
             Important
             Ministeries
             ,
             but
             I
             do
             on
             their
             behalf
             averr
             ,
             and
             will
             be
             ready
             to
             prove
             and
             maintain
             ,
             That
             a
             fit
             allowance
             being
             made
             to
             the
             difference
             of
             Times
             and
             Persons
             ;
             the
             model
             prescribed
             by
             God
             himself
             under
             this
             Levitical
             Administration
             may
             safely
             be
             followed
             now
             in
             some
             things
             ,
             and
             those
             no
             Circumstantials
             also
             .
          
           
             But
             leaving
             Moses
             ,
             let
             us
             come
             to
             Christ
             ,
             and
             see
             how
             matters
             stood
             under
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             here
             though
             we
             have
             no
             instances
             of
             Honours
             conferr'd
             by
             our
             Saviour
             upon
             his
             Apostles
             ,
             yet
             have
             we
             Prophesies
             ,
             that
             after
             the
             publication
             thereof
             Kings
             should
             become
             the
             Nursing
             Fathers
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             feet
             of
             those
             that
             brought
             the
             glad
             tydings
             of
             Peace
             should
             be
             Beautiful
             upon
             the
             Mountains
             ,
             which
             Mr.
             Calvin
             applyeth
             to
             the
             Bounty
             and
             Munificence
             of
             Princes
             to
             the
             Church
             ,
             
               Isa
               .
               49.
            
             
             But
             for
             the
             first
             300
             years
             ,
             What
             could
             rationally
             be
             expected
             from
             the
             professed
             Enemies
             of
             Christianity
             ?
             no
             other
             honours
             than
             cruel
             Persecutions
             whilst
             the
             persecuting
             fury
             lasted
             ,
             whilst
             they
             were
             burnt
             
               in
               usum
               nocturni
               luminis
            
             ,
             as
             Tacit.
             the
             Historian
             hath
             it
             .
             The
             ordinary
             sentence
             was
             ,
          
           
             
               
                 Toeda
                 lucebis
                 in
                 illa
              
            
             
               
                 Qua
                 stantes
                 ardent
                 &
                 fixo
                 gutture
                 fumant
                 ,
              
               Juven
               .
            
          
           
             But
             no
             sooner
             was
             Gentilism
             abolish'd
             ,
             but
             we
             have
             a
             new
             and
             smiling
             face
             of
             Affairs
             under
             the
             happy
             Reign
             of
             Constantine
             the
             Churches
             great
             Patron
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Clergies
             Friend
             .
             And
             henceforth
             the
             Primitive
             Piety
             was
             not
             wanting
             ,
             who
             thought
             no
             Honours
             or
             Powers
             misplaced
             upon
             their
             Spiritual
             Fathers
             ,
             for
             whom
             they
             judged
             nothing
             too
             dear
             .
             All
             Histories
             ring
             of
             Constantines
             kindness
             to
             his
             Clergy
             ,
             by
             whom
             the
             most
             weighty
             Affairs
             of
             his
             Empire
             dureing
             his
             time
             was
             most
             happily
             transacted
             ,
             and
             that
             most
             of
             his
             Successors
             wrote
             after
             his
             Copy
             will
             appear
             by
             what
             follows
             ;
             for
             it
             were
             very
             easie
             to
             muster
             a
             little
             Army
             of
             Fathers
             engaged
             in
             Secular
             Employments
             .
             We
             read
             
               Zozomen
               l.
               6.
               c.
               32.
            
             that
             Epiphanius
             Bishop
             of
             Cyprus
             ,
             a
             Person
             of
             singular
             vertue
             ,
             prudence
             ,
             and
             piety
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             a
             man
             busied
             in
             Political
             matters
             ,
             Theodoret
             reports
             
               l.
               2.
               c.
               30.
            
             that
             one
             Jacobus
             Bishop
             of
             Nisibis
             or
             the
             
               Mygdonian
               Antioch
            
             was
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             Bishop
             ,
             Governour
             ,
             and
             Captain
             of
             the
             same
             City
             .
             In
             Baronius
             ,
             A.
             610.
             
             I
             find
             that
             
               John
               Patriarch
            
             of
             Alexandria
             was
             accustomed
             to
             sit
             twice
             a
             Week
             and
             Judge
             between
             those
             that
             were
             at
             variance
             ,
             and
             to
             reconcile
             them
             ,
             and
             once
             when
             none
             came
             to
             him
             ,
             he
             departed
             weeping
             ,
             That
             all
             that
             day
             he
             had
             done
             no
             good
             ,
             but
             Sophronius
             replyed
             ,
             That
             he
             had
             more
             cause
             of
             rejoycing
             than
             of
             Weeping
             ;
             for
             having
             brought
             the
             City
             to
             such
             good
             Order
             ,
             and
             to
             so
             great
             Peace
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             more
             like
             Angels
             than
             men
             ,
             having
             no
             differences
             left
             ,
             but
             were
             all
             in
             friendship
             and
             amity
             .
             
               A
               rare
               Example
               to
               the
               Immortal
               Fame
               of
               an
               Exclesiastical
               Judge
               .
            
             We
             all
             remember
             that
             Sir
             
               Thomas
               Moore
            
             commanded
             it
             to
             be
             scored
             up
             as
             a
             wonder
             ,
             That
             he
             had
             once
             been
             able
             to
             clear
             the
             
               High
               Court
               of
               Chancery
               from
               Suites
               ,
               and
               not
               one
               cause
               to
               remain
               unheard
               :
            
             But
             here
             we
             have
             a
             Populous
             City
             (
             hardly
             short
             of
             any
             in
             our
             Nation
             )
             by
             the
             pains
             of
             a
             good
             Bishop
             ,
             
               without
               any
               charge
               to
               the
               Litigants
               ,
            
             reduced
             to
             a
             perfect
             unity
             within
             it self
             .
          
           
           
             But
             wee
             will
             pass
             over
             such
             obscure
             Names
             ,
             whom
             it
             were
             endless
             to
             reckon
             up
             and
             Select
             only
             a
             few
             ,
             whose
             eminent
             Labours
             have
             Eternized
             them
             to
             posterity
             ,
             and
             begin
             with
             St.
             Ambrose
             ,
             who
             flourished
             
               A.
               C.
               378.
            
             and
             to
             his
             Conduct
             and
             Government
             was
             the
             great
             City
             of
             Milan
             entrusted
             ,
             so
             that
             St.
             
               Austin
               .
               Conf.
               l.
               6.
               c.
               7.
               
            
             Complains
             that
             he
             was
             a
             long
             time
             kept
             from
             access
             to
             him
             
               Secludentibus
               me
               ab
               ejus
               aure
               atque
               ore
               Catervis
               negotiorum
               hominum
               quorum
               infirmit
               atibus
               serviebat
            
             ;
             He
             had
             whole
             troops
             of
             Suiters
             about
             him
             to
             dispatch
             their
             worldly
             business
             .
             The
             next
             shall
             be
             that
             great
             Affrican
             Light
             St.
             Austin
             ,
             who
             
               Ep.
               147.
            
             hath
             this
             passage
             ,
             
               Homines
               quidem
               suas
               saeculares
               causas
               apud
               nos
               finire
               capientes
               ,
               dum
               iis
               necessarii
               fuerimus
               ,
               sit
               nos
               Sanctos
               &
               Dei
               Servos
               appellant
               ,
               ut
               negotia
               terra
               suae
               peragant
               aliquando
               agamus
               negotia
               &
               salutis
               eorum
               non
               de
               auro
               ,
               non
               de
               argento
               non
               de
               fundis
               &
               pecoribus
               pro
               quibus
               rebus
               quotide
               submisso
               capite
               salutamur
               ut
               dissentiones
               hominum
               terminemus
               .
            
             He
             saith
             he
             was
             every
             day
             sollicited
             to
             make
             up
             some
             breaches
             about
             Gold
             ,
             Silver
             ,
             Land
             ,
             Cattel
             ,
             &c.
             
             And
             yet
             where
             have
             we
             found
             a
             more
             Faithfull
             and
             Assiduous
             Preacher
             and
             Pastor
             than
             this
             good
             father
             ?
             Were
             any
             more
             engaged
             in
             contests
             with
             Hereticks
             ,
             or
             any
             that
             left
             a
             larger
             Legacy
             of
             his
             Learned
             Labours
             to
             the
             Church
             ?
             I
             dare
             challenge
             any
             before
             or
             since
             the
             Churches
             Reformation
             ,
             who
             have
             done
             the
             like
             ,
             and
             who
             will
             say
             that
             the
             good
             Father
             had
             mispent
             his
             time
             ,
             that
             had
             better
             been
             laid
             out
             in
             
               painfull
               Preaching
            
             to
             his
             flock
             ?
             Whereas
             we
             all
             know
             that
             Preaching
             is
             but
             a
             very
             small
             part
             of
             the
             Ministers
             Calling
             ,
             yet
             of
             late
             times
             it
             hath
             been
             made
             by
             some
             to
             swallow
             up
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Ministers
             Duties
             as
             necessary
             and
             Essential
             to
             his
             Callings
             as
             that
             can
             be
             ;
             and
             have
             observed
             also
             ,
             that
             some
             Ministers
             themselves
             ,
             otherwise
             good
             men
             ,
             have
             been
             a
             wanting
             to
             themselves
             and
             the
             Church
             ,
             in
             complying
             too
             much
             with
             a
             sort
             of
             men
             amongst
             us
             ,
             whose
             interest
             it
             is
             to
             draw
             all
             Causes
             into
             their
             own
             Courts
             for
             the
             support
             of
             their
             own
             Grandeur
             and
             Faculty
             ;
             whereas
             otherwise
             those
             Suites
             and
             Causes
             might
             perhaps
             with
             little
             or
             no
             charge
             have
             been
             more
             speedily
             ,
             yea
             and
             satisfactorily
             determined
             .
             Our
             last
             instance
             shall
             be
             in
             Gregory
             the
             Great
             ,
             
               de
               Cur.
               Past
            
             ,
             (
             with
             who
             some
             close
             the
             good
             Popes
             )
             whom
             we
             find
             complaining
             that
             
               Sub
               colore
               Episcopatus
               ad
               seculum
               retractus
               sum
               in
               quo
               tantis
               terrae
               curis
               inserrio
               quantis
               me
               in
               vita
               laic
               a
               nequaquam
               deseruisse
               reminiscor
               .
            
             He
             was
             never
             in
             all
             his
             Life
             time
             so
             encumbred
             with
             Worldly
             business
             ,
             as
             after
             he
             came
             to
             be
             a
             Bishop
             ;
             but
             he
             afterwards
             adds
             that
             ,
             
               Et
               si
               cogamur
               terrenis
               negotiis
               intendere
               ,
               mens
               tamen
               nostra
               saeculari
               varietate
               non
               delectatur
               ,
               sed
               tota
               in
               unum
               currit
               ,
               atque
               confluit
               finem
               .
            
             Though
             he
             was
             forced
             to
             do
             this
             for
             the
             good
             of
             his
             People
             ,
             yet
             he
             took
             no
             Pleasure
             in
             it
             ,
             and
             his
             mind
             was
             taken
             up
             with
             better
             things
             ,
             for
             all
             agree
             that
             these
             must
             not
             be
             undertaken
             out
             of
             love
             to
             them
             ,
             but
             Christian
             Charity
             and
             Compassion
             to
             the
             oppressed
             ,
             
               Aug.
               de
               Civ
               .
               Dei
               l.
               19.
               c.
               19.
               
            
             Now
             these
             Imployments
             were
             conferred
             upon
             those
             Father
             's
             not
             as
             Bishops
             but
             as
             Subjects
             more
             Eminently
             qualified
             than
             others
             ,
             both
             by
             their
             Prudence
             ,
             Experience
             ,
             and
             Integrity
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             Humane
             Learning
             .
             But
             Three
             there
             are
             (
             in
             which
             they
             did
             Principally
             engage
             )
             and
             which
             may
             seem
             most
             agreeable
             to
             their
             Coat
             :
             First
             ,
             
               To
               be
               in
               the
               Commission
               of
               Peace
            
             ;
             and
             to
             speak
             Impartially
             ,
             Who
             fitter
             for
             such
             a
             Work
             than
             they
             ,
             whose
             business
             and
             Calling
             it
             is
             to
             reconcile
             those
             that
             are
             at
             variance
             :
             And
             this
             was
             the
             design
             of
             the
             Ancients
             ,
             though
             at
             first
             it
             began
             in
             a
             way
             of
             Charity
             ;
             yet
             being
             found
             profitable
             ,
             it
             was
             upon
             mature
             Deliberation
             by
             the
             Christian
             Emperors
             confirmed
             ,
             particularly
             by
             
               Constantine
               ,
               Zozom
               .
               lib.
               1.
               c.
               9.
            
             who
             leaves
             it
             free
             to
             any
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
             Valens
             and
             Valentinian
             enlarged
             it
             and
             intrusted
             them
             with
             the
             Rates
             of
             Commodities
             Sold
             in
             the
             Market
             ,
             
             
               Cod.
               l.
               1.
               de
               Aud.
               Ep.
               tit
               .
               7.
               
            
             Their
             Jurisdiction
             I
             confess
             hath
             been
             in
             several
             ages
             various
             ,
             sometimes
             more
             sometimes
             less
             as
             the
             Emperors
             were
             more
             or
             less
             favourable
             to
             the
             Church
             ,
             whoever
             kept
             the
             Soveraignty
             in
             their
             own
             hands
             ,
             Constantine
             was
             the
             first
             that
             passed
             the
             Royal
             Grant
             in
             favour
             of
             the
             Clergy
             ,
             permitting
             the
             Cognizance
             of
             all
             Civil
             matters
             ,
             even
             between
             Laymen
             to
             the
             Episcopal
             Tribunal
             if
             either
             party
             did
             require
             it
             ,
             though
             the
             other
             denyed
             his
             consent
             ,
             and
             their
             appeal
             was
             to
             be
             obeyed
             by
             the
             Magistrates
             whenever
             made
             ,
             though
             the
             action
             was
             already
             commenced
             in
             another
             Court.
             Arcadius
             and
             Honorius
             did
             a
             little
             retrench
             this
             unlimitted
             power
             ,
             yet
             still
             allowing
             it
             by
             the
             joint
             consent
             of
             both
             parties
             ,
             and
             making
             the
             Bishops
             as
             it
             were
             Referees
             ,
             
               l.
               si
               quis
               ex
               consensu
               .
               de
               Aud.
               Episcop
               .
            
             and
             their
             decision
             to
             be
             binding
             and
             final
             without
             appeal
             .
             This
             Law
             was
             after
             ratified
             by
             Theodosius
             and
             
               Justinian
               l.
               Episc
               .
               c.
               eod
               .
            
             Nay
             this
             latter
             Emperor
             Justinian
             reposed
             so
             much
             confidence
             in
             them
             ,
             that
             he
             made
             them
             Overseers
             of
             the
             Secular
             Judges
             ,
             
               Novel
               .
               Const
               .
               56.
            
             
             This
             then
             has
             been
             the
             practise
             of
             that
             pure
             and
             Primitive
             Age
             ,
             and
             the
             greatest
             Enemies
             the
             Church
             had
             ,
             could
             never
             deny
             but
             that
             the
             Bishops
             have
             had
             their
             Tribunals
             for
             above
             these
             1300
             years
             Erected
             by
             Constantine
             ,
             confirmed
             by
             Arcadius
             and
             
               Honorius
               ,
               Theodosius
            
             and
             
               Valentinian
               ,
               &c.
            
             
             Only
             some
             Curiously
             mince
             the
             matter
             ,
             and
             allow
             them
             power
             to
             hear
             Causes
             ,
             and
             to
             become
             Referees
             and
             Umpires
             by
             the
             consent
             of
             both
             Parties
             ,
             but
             yet
             they
             will
             not
             hear
             talk
             of
             any
             Coercive
             Jurisdiction
             ,
             though
             as
             eminent
             Civil
             Lawyers
             as
             any
             are
             ,
             Attribute
             it
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             particularly
             Accursius
             interprets
             
               Audientia
               Episcopalis
            
             ,
             a
             term
             frequent
             in
             the
             Code
             by
             Jurisdictio
             ;
             and
             Constantine
             forbad
             expresly
             the
             greatest
             Prince
             in
             the
             Empire
             to
             revoke
             what
             once
             the
             Bishops
             had
             Decreed
             ,
             
               Euseb
               ,
               Vit.
               Const
               .
               l.
               4.
               c.
               27.
               
            
             In
             process
             of
             time
             the
             Magistrates
             having
             encroached
             upon
             ,
             and
             almost
             outed
             the
             Clergy
             ,
             Charlemaine
             revives
             that
             good
             old
             Law
             of
             Constantine
             ,
             confirming
             the
             same
             Jurisdiction
             to
             all
             Bishops
             ,
             repeating
             the
             Charter
             word
             for
             word
             ,
             
               Car.
               Mag.
               in
               Capit.
               l.
               6.
               c.
               28.
               
            
             What
             the
             practise
             was
             in
             our
             own
             Country
             of
             England
             shall
             God
             willing
             be
             made
             out
             in
             what
             follows
             ,
             wherein
             I
             doubt
             not
             but
             to
             give
             abundant
             satisfaction
             of
             the
             Factum
             that
             the
             Clergy
             were
             employed
             as
             much
             as
             the
             Laity
             in
             the
             Decision
             of
             Secular
             Causes
             ,
             so
             far
             as
             we
             have
             good
             Authority
             and
             Record
             in
             the
             times
             of
             the
             Saxons
             ,
             and
             so
             downwards
             till
             our
             late
             and
             unhappy
             Divisions
             1640
             ,
             &c.
             which
             God
             grant
             may
             be
             ever
             buryed
             in
             Oblivion
             ,
             and
             that
             we
             may
             never
             live
             to
             see
             the
             same
             again
             .
             Secondly
             ,
             To
             be
             of
             the
             Privy
             Council
             ,
             where
             frequently
             Cases
             of
             Consciences
             relating
             to
             State-matters
             may
             arise
             :
             As
             suppose
             there
             be
             a
             Consultation
             about
             a
             War
             or
             Marriage
             ,
             the
             Lawfulness
             or
             Unlawfulness
             thereof
             ,
             must
             be
             judged
             
               in
               foro
               Conscientiae
            
             ,
             and
             so
             is
             the
             proper
             Subject
             of
             a
             Divine
             or
             Clergyman
             ;
             and
             perhaps
             the
             thing
             will
             not
             bear
             so
             much
             delay
             ,
             as
             to
             Summons
             Prelates
             together
             for
             Advice
             nor
             Reason
             of
             State
             to
             be
             so
             much
             published
             ,
             for
             want
             of
             such
             Knowing
             and
             Religious
             Counsellours
             ,
             Princes
             may
             often
             be
             entangled
             in
             unjust
             Massacres
             ,
             and
             rash
             Wars
             ,
             and
             Innocent
             Blood
             be
             spilt
             ,
             which
             otherwise
             might
             have
             been
             prevented
             :
             And
             for
             prevention
             whereof
             the
             Godly
             Prudent
             Princes
             both
             of
             our
             own
             and
             other
             Nations
             have
             ever
             admitted
             some
             spiritual
             Persons
             to
             their
             Counsel
             Tables
             ,
             and
             Closet
             Debates
             .
             To
             the
             good
             advice
             of
             Bishop
             Fox
             of
             Winchester
             we
             owe
             the
             Union
             of
             the
             two
             Kingdoms
             of
             England
             and
             Scotland
             ;
             for
             the
             other
             Privy
             Counsellors
             advising
             King
             Henry
             the
             7th
             to
             Marry
             the
             Eldest
             of
             his
             Daughters
             to
             France
             ,
             the
             more
             Noble
             and
             Rich
             Kingdom
             :
             the
             old
             and
             wise
             Bishop
             adviseth
             his
             Majesty
             the
             contrary
             ,
             at
             which
             the
             King
             seeming
             somewhat
             surpriz'd
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             gave
             him
             
             this
             as
             the
             reason
             of
             his
             Opinion
             ,
             that
             by
             Marrying
             the
             Elder
             to
             Scotland
             ,
             that
             Kingdom
             would
             be
             brought
             to
             England
             ,
             and
             old
             Enmities
             reconciled
             and
             for
             ever
             buryed
             :
             Whereas
             on
             the
             contrary
             England
             being
             under
             France
             ,
             we
             should
             have
             here
             been
             ruled
             by
             a
             French
             Liuetenant
             of
             Deputy
             ,
             which
             the
             English
             he
             doubted
             would
             hardly
             brook
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             our
             Government
             and
             Laws
             by
             reason
             of
             their
             unagreeableness
             to
             the
             French
             ,
             might
             have
             been
             attempted
             to
             have
             been
             changed
             into
             those
             of
             France
             ,
             which
             the
             English
             man
             (
             his
             Opinion
             was
             )
             would
             hardly
             bear
             :
             Whereas
             those
             of
             Scotland
             were
             not
             so
             much
             differing
             from
             the
             Laws
             and
             Customes
             of
             England
             ,
             and
             t
             was
             to
             be
             hoped
             the
             two
             Nations
             would
             better
             accord
             together
             than
             the
             English
             and
             French
             would
             .
             The
             good
             event
             of
             which
             Counsel
             we
             have
             seen
             with
             our
             own
             Eyes
             ,
             and
             may
             it
             long
             continue
             .
             It
             is
             recorded
             of
             Constantine
             that
             he
             would
             not
             in
             any
             wise
             dispense
             with
             the
             absence
             of
             his
             Bishops
             from
             him
             ,
             who
             had
             he
             lived
             in
             our
             Prophane
             age
             ,
             the
             Churches
             Enemies
             would
             have
             said
             that
             the
             good
             Emperour
             had
             been
             Priest
             ridden
             ,
             a
             well-meaning
             man
             but
             not
             overwise
             :
             But
             the
             good
             Emperors
             joy
             it
             was
             to
             see
             
               His
               Court
               to
               be
               as
               it
               were
               a
               Church
               .
            
             Nay
             so
             much
             use
             of
             these
             Holy
             men
             he
             made
             ,
             that
             he
             made
             them
             follow
             him
             in
             his
             journeys
             and
             warlike
             Expeditions
             ,
             
               Euseb
               .
               de
               vit
               .
               ejus
               l.
               1.
               c.
               35.
               
               Idem
               l.
               4.
               c.
               56.
               
            
             So
             that
             we
             read
             in
             
               Peter
               Blesensis
               Ep.
               84.
               ad
               Alex.
               3.
            
             how
             he
             proves
             at
             large
             there
             ,
             That
             it
             is
             not
             only
             lawfull
             but
             very
             expedient
             for
             Prelates
             to
             be
             in
             the
             Courts
             and
             Counsels
             of
             Princes
             upon
             such
             like
             important
             reasons
             as
             those
             are
             ,
             and
             therein
             excuses
             the
             Bishops
             of
             
               Winchester
               ,
               Ely
            
             ,
             and
             Norwich
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             To
             be
             employed
             in
             Treaties
             and
             Negotiations
             of
             Peace
             and
             Commerce
             ,
             and
             this
             both
             the
             Ancient
             and
             Modern
             practise
             will
             justifie
             ,
             that
             none
             have
             been
             more
             frequently
             or
             more
             successfully
             used
             and
             employed
             in
             such
             Messages
             than
             the
             Ambassadours
             of
             Christ
             :
             Solemn
             Embassies
             cannot
             be
             expected
             before
             the
             Magistrate
             embraced
             the
             Gospel
             .
             But
             in
             the
             very
             beginning
             of
             the
             4th
             Century
             we
             have
             Maruthas
             Bishop
             of
             Mosopotamia
             sent
             Embassador
             from
             the
             Emperor
             of
             Rome
             to
             the
             King
             of
             
               Persia
               ,
               Socrat.
               l.
               7.
               c.
               8.
               
            
             Presently
             after
             Theodorick
             dispatcht
             Epiphanius
             Bishop
             of
             Ticinum
             or
             Pavia
             to
             Gunebald
             King
             of
             the
             
               Burgundians
               ,
               Eunoch
               .
               Tisin
               ,
               vit
               .
               Epiphan
               .
            
             who
             at
             his
             request
             released
             great
             numbers
             of
             poor
             Christian
             Captives
             .
             Then
             we
             have
             St.
             Ambrose
             sent
             by
             Valentinian
             to
             Maximus
             that
             commanded
             the
             British
             Armys
             ,
             to
             desire
             Peace
             ,
             which
             he
             happily
             effected
             to
             the
             great
             contentment
             of
             his
             Master
             ,
             
               Ambros
               .
               Ep.
               27.
               l.
               5.
            
             where
             he
             mentions
             an
             other
             Embassy
             wherein
             he
             was
             imployed
             .
             I
             might
             add
             St.
             Chrysostome
             imployed
             to
             treat
             with
             Gainas
             as
             Baronius
             informs
             us
             .
             John
             Bishop
             of
             Rome
             commissioned
             by
             Theodorick
             to
             Justine
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             Niseph
             .
             with
             multitudes
             of
             others
             in
             latter
             times
             ,
             whereof
             if
             I
             should
             give
             instance
             some
             perhaps
             would
             reply
             upon
             me
             that
             those
             were
             times
             of
             Popery
             and
             Ignorance
             ;
             yet
             perhaps
             of
             more
             candid
             simplicity
             and
             honesty
             than
             the
             times
             wherein
             we
             live
             ;
             and
             for
             the
             Moderns
             the
             time
             would
             fail
             me
             to
             speak
             of
             our
             own
             and
             Neighbour
             Nations
             ;
             for
             this
             continued
             the
             Universal
             practise
             of
             Christendome
             
               till
               Sincerity
               gave
               place
               to
               Hypocrisie
               ,
            
             and
             that
             new
             Definition
             of
             an
             Embassadour
             came
             up
             ,
             that
             he
             was
             ,
             
               Vir
               peregre
               missus
               ad
               spetiose
               mentiendum
               Reipub.
               causa
               .
            
             A
             good
             man
             sent
             abroad
             to
             tell
             specious
             lies
             for
             his
             Countries
             service
             .
             
               Then
               indeed
               it
               was
               high
               time
               for
               these
               Holy
               men
               to
               resign
               up
               these
               Employements
               to
               others
               whose
               Education
               and
               course
               of
               Life
               better
               became
               them
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             we
             have
             seen
             both
             Ancient
             and
             Modern
             Usage
             on
             the
             Clergys
             side
             ,
             the
             uninterrupted
             practise
             of
             the
             World
             for
             above
             5000
             years
             before
             and
             under
             the
             
             Law
             in
             the
             purest
             times
             since
             the
             Gospel
             all
             sorts
             of
             men
             both
             Pagan
             ,
             Jewish
             and
             Christian
             ,
             allowing
             it
             in
             their
             practise
             ,
             and
             none
             ever
             questioning
             it
             ,
             save
             some
             late
             ,
             and
             those
             few
             Innovators
             ,
             who
             though
             they
             have
             disclaimed
             the
             infallibility
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             Rome
             ,
             seem
             to
             stick
             a
             little
             to
             close
             to
             that
             of
             Geneva
             or
             Scotland
             ,
             we
             have
             heard
             the
             most
             eminent
             amongst
             the
             Fathers
             engaged
             by
             their
             Princes
             in
             Secular
             Employments
             ,
             and
             if
             yet
             still
             this
             must
             be
             an
             Error
             ,
             
               sit
               Anima
               mea
               cum
               patribus
            
             ,
             I
             dare
             cast
             my
             Lot
             on
             that
             side
             .
             'T
             is
             confest
             't
             is
             pitty
             that
             any
             should
             be
             misled
             by
             Authority
             ,
             but
             't
             is
             most
             miserable
             not
             to
             be
             moved
             by
             Authority
             .
          
           
             This
             then
             being
             the
             Factum
             or
             usance
             as
             is
             Evident
             ,
             let
             us
             a
             little
             in
             the
             next
             place
             examine
             the
             Jus
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             for
             any
             Fanatick
             to
             except
             against
             it
             ,
             is
             a
             self-contradiction
             ,
             since
             their
             avowed
             Principles
             and
             dayly
             Practise
             allow
             their
             Teachers
             to
             follow
             any
             other
             Calling
             ,
             either
             of
             Camp
             ,
             Country
             or
             City
             without
             control
             .
             But
             it
             is
             the
             rigid
             Disciplinarian
             who
             takes
             the
             most
             Offence
             at
             it
             ,
             and
             therefore
             to
             him
             we
             shall
             address
             our selves
             ,
             and
             for
             once
             suppose
             him
             to
             be
             of
             the
             little
             Commonwealth
             of
             Geneva
             ,
             and
             to
             have
             the
             best
             parts
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             Master
             of
             the
             best
             head-piece
             amongst
             them
             .
             If
             the
             Senate
             or
             Syndi●
             should
             commission
             him
             to
             decide
             a
             difference
             between
             his
             quarrelling
             .
             Neighbours
             ,
             or
             send
             to
             him
             to
             advise
             with
             him
             about
             a
             War
             with
             their
             great
             Enemy
             the
             Duke
             of
             Savoy
             ,
             or
             engage
             him
             to
             Solicite
             at
             the
             Court
             of
             France
             ,
             or
             at
             the
             
               Suisse
               Cantons
            
             as
             a
             Publick
             Agent
             ,
             there
             being
             none
             more
             likely
             to
             prevail
             in
             such
             an
             Embasie
             than
             himself
             ;
             and
             the
             little
             Commonwealth
             otherwise
             would
             be
             in
             danger
             to
             be
             lost
             .
             In
             this
             case
             should
             he
             be
             heard
             pleading
             the
             inconsistency
             of
             his
             Holy
             Profession
             with
             such
             an
             imployment
             ,
             and
             thereupon
             return
             a
             denyal
             ;
             if
             so
             ,
             then
             the
             Magistrate
             will
             be
             an
             ill
             condition
             ,
             who
             must
             be
             obeyed
             in
             nothing
             more
             than
             the
             others
             Calling
             enjoins
             him
             whether
             commanded
             or
             no
             ,
             and
             his
             being
             a
             spiritual
             Person
             will
             make
             the
             Civil
             Magistrate
             loose
             the
             service
             and
             use
             of
             his
             Subject
             :
             A
             thing
             yet
             which
             the
             most
             eminent
             amongst
             them
             have
             not
             declined
             ;
             for
             that
             neither
             Mr.
             Calvin
             formerly
             in
             the
             one
             ,
             nor
             Mr.
             Henderson
             of
             later
             times
             in
             the
             other
             ,
             have
             not
             scrupled
             greater
             matters
             .
          
           
             But
             let
             matters
             be
             made
             never
             so
             clear
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             feared
             that
             the
             Vulgar
             have
             taken
             up
             such
             prejudices
             from
             the
             inexcuseable
             business
             of
             some
             late
             Preachers
             here
             amongst
             us
             interesting
             their
             very
             Pulpits
             in
             State
             matters
             dureing
             our
             late
             Troubles
             (
             a
             practise
             never
             sufficiently
             to
             be
             condemn'd
             )
             that
             all
             perhaps
             may
             be
             bound
             to
             their
             good
             Behaviour
             for
             a
             while
             for
             the
             Miscarriages
             of
             these
             men
             ,
             who
             have
             been
             so
             notoriously
             guilty
             of
             the
             supposed
             crime
             ,
             they
             have
             been
             guilty
             of
             in
             their
             Preaching
             against
             it
             ,
             and
             chargeing
             it
             upon
             other
             men
             ,
             who
             never
             (
             as
             they
             did
             )
             engaged
             in
             any
             thing
             of
             that
             nature
             ,
             but
             when
             they
             were
             commanded
             to
             it
             by
             the
             Magistrate
             :
             Though
             't
             is
             hoped
             that
             all
             learned
             and
             judicious
             Persons
             will
             be
             more
             considerate
             ,
             and
             distinguish
             between
             the
             frantick
             madness
             of
             a
             few
             giddy
             Pates
             ,
             and
             the
             sober
             actings
             of
             Eminent
             Prelates
             commission'd
             by
             lawfull
             Authority
             ,
             and
             not
             take
             an
             advantage
             from
             the
             miscarriages
             of
             this
             other
             sort
             of
             men
             to
             bring
             an
             irreparable
             injury
             on
             Posterity
             by
             debarring
             others
             more
             sober
             than
             they
             .
             It
             is
             a
             true
             saying
             and
             confirmed
             by
             the
             experience
             of
             many
             hundred
             of
             years
             .
             
               Laici
               sunt
               semper
               inimici
               Clero
            
             .
             When
             the
             World
             was
             Pagan
             ,
             the
             Devil
             taught
             the
             multitude
             to
             cry
             out
             if
             any
             publick
             Calamity
             hapens
             ,
             that
             the
             Christians
             were
             in
             the
             fault
             ,
             and
             they
             must
             to
             the
             Lyons
             :
             but
             now
             the
             cunning
             Sophister
             hath
             changed
             his
             note
             ,
             and
             if
             any
             thing
             be
             amiss
             either
             in
             Church
             or
             State
             ,
             presently
             the
             blame
             must
             be
             cast
             upon
             the
             Clergy
             ;
             They
             must
             be
             Sacrificed
             
             to
             appease
             the
             many-headed
             Multitude
             ,
             their
             Lands
             Sequestred
             or
             Sold
             ,
             and
             all
             places
             of
             Honour
             and
             Trust
             interdicted
             them
             ;
             certain
             we
             are
             ,
             the
             qualifications
             of
             a
             Bishops
             Calling
             do
             not
             in
             the
             least
             incapacitate
             him
             such
             employments
             as
             we
             have
             been
             speaking
             of
             :
             For
             (
             1.
             )
             't
             is
             required
             that
             he
             be
             
               Vitae
               Probatissimae
            
             ,
             of
             an
             upright
             unblameable
             Conversation
             .
             (
             2.
             )
             
               Nullius
               Criminis
               reus
            
             .
             (
             3.
             )
             
               Aetate
               gravis
            
             ,
             well
             stricken
             in
             years
             .
             (
             4.
             )
             
               Doctrina
               praestans
            
             ,
             excelling
             in
             Learning
             ,
             with
             many
             other
             of
             the
             like
             nature
             .
             Now
             if
             these
             are
             not
             kept
             ,
             they
             have
             the
             more
             to
             answer
             for
             whom
             it
             concerns
             ,
             if
             they
             be
             observed
             ,
             will
             not
             any
             one
             who
             reads
             this
             ,
             conclude
             no
             Persons
             more
             fit
             than
             they
             for
             the
             most
             weighty
             Affairs
             ?
             For
             all
             Polititians
             make
             Integrity
             ,
             Prudence
             ,
             and
             Learning
             the
             Principal
             ingredients
             of
             an
             accomplisht
             Magistrate
             ;
             so
             that
             if
             Aptitude
             be
             respected
             ,
             we
             may
             safely
             affirm
             there
             are
             none
             better
             qualified
             for
             Counsel
             than
             the
             Clergy
             ,
             whose
             Education
             and
             Institution
             hath
             enabled
             them
             to
             look
             into
             all
             the
             Idaeas
             and
             Models
             of
             Government
             ;
             to
             search
             the
             Depths
             and
             Mysteries
             of
             Empires
             ,
             most
             of
             which
             are
             lockt
             up
             in
             strange
             Languages
             ,
             and
             't
             is
             not
             every
             capacity
             that
             can
             gain
             the
             Key
             .
             Then
             for
             true
             Politicks
             (
             the
             late
             
             Florentine's
             Reaches
             let
             other
             men
             learn
             and
             admire
             )
             there
             's
             as
             much
             to
             be
             found
             in
             the
             Historical
             part
             of
             the
             Scripture
             ,
             as
             in
             any
             Books
             in
             the
             World
             ,
             so
             that
             Divines
             may
             in
             all
             probability
             make
             good
             Statists
             .
             And
             is
             it
             not
             pitty
             then
             that
             their
             Countrys
             should
             be
             deprived
             of
             such
             hopefull
             and
             eminent
             abilities
             ?
             doubtless
             those
             of
             the
             contrary
             Opinion
             do
             not
             throughly
             weigh
             the
             consequences
             of
             their
             Assertion
             ,
             clearly
             leading
             to
             disjoin
             the
             Church
             from
             being
             a
             part
             of
             the
             Commonwealth
             ,
             which
             for
             1300
             years
             and
             better
             have
             been
             happily
             united
             ;
             if
             the
             Bishops
             and
             other
             Spiritual
             Persons
             who
             yet
             by
             their
             Revenue
             are
             so
             considerable
             in
             the
             Commonwealth
             ,
             must
             no
             longer
             be
             lookt
             upon
             as
             Citizens
             ,
             or
             parts
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             
               eo
               ipso
            
             be
             debarred
             from
             Employments
             ,
             but
             incontinently
             forfeit
             all
             their
             Priviledges
             as
             such
             ,
             the
             consequence
             I
             presume
             would
             not
             be
             very
             good
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             III.
             
          
           
             
               Some
               Authorities
               from
               Scriptures
               ,
               and
               the
               Canons
               of
               the
               Antient
               Church
               seemingly
               contradicting
               the
               former
               position
               explained
               .
            
          
           
             AND
             yet
             for
             all
             this
             we
             confess
             we
             find
             many
             good
             men
             are
             strongly
             perswaded
             that
             Ecclesiasticks
             ought
             wholly
             to
             be
             excluded
             from
             Civil
             matters
             :
             An
             Opinion
             indeed
             much
             pretending
             to
             Humility
             and
             self-denyal
             ,
             and
             receiving
             some
             countenance
             and
             colour
             from
             Scriptures
             ,
             the
             practise
             of
             three
             first
             Centuries
             ,
             and
             some
             Canons
             of
             Counsel
             which
             must
             be
             the
             Subject
             of
             our
             next
             consideration
             .
          
           
             The
             Text
             that
             is
             most
             insisted
             upon
             is
             ,
             2
             Tim.
             2.
             4.
             which
             being
             mistranslated
             by
             the
             Vulgar
             Latine
             
               Militans
               Deo
            
             begat
             greater
             prejudice
             in
             the
             minds
             of
             many
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             Then
             we
             may
             take
             notice
             that
             the
             Sentence
             is
             general
             ,
             and
             belongs
             to
             every
             calling
             and
             sort
             of
             men
             ,
             though
             in
             a
             more
             peculiar
             manner
             't
             is
             referred
             to
             the
             Preachers
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             yet
             none
             can
             plead
             exemption
             ,
             but
             others
             are
             willing
             to
             slip
             their
             necks
             out
             of
             the
             Collar
             ,
             ,
             and
             the
             Clergy
             only
             must
             be
             tied
             to
             it
             ,
             whom
             
             for
             the
             present
             we
             will
             grant
             to
             be
             principally
             concern'd
             .
             The
             stress
             of
             all
             lies
             upon
             the
             words
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             which
             Theophylact
             expounds
             by
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             the
             tumults
             and
             confusions
             of
             this
             Life
             ,
             
               Corn.
               a
               Lapide
            
             saies
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             are
             such
             employments
             as
             concern
             food
             and
             rayment
             ,
             and
             instance
             in
             these
             
               agricultur
               ;
               mercatura
               &
               artes
               mechanicae
               .
            
             Now
             who
             does
             not
             readily
             approve
             of
             this
             ,
             and
             judge
             it
             very
             improper
             that
             a
             Preacher
             should
             be
             a
             Merchant
             ,
             a
             Plowman
             or
             a
             Mechanick
             ,
             do
             not
             both
             Common
             and
             Cannon
             Laws
             forbid
             the
             same
             ?
             Estius
             has
             much
             to
             the
             like
             purpose
             ,
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             
               &c.
               
               Quae
               quis
               exercet
               ut
               habeat
               unde
               vivat
               ,
            
             and
             therefore
             quotes
             to
             this
             purpose
             a
             saying
             of
             
               Ambrose
               ,
               Indecorunt
               est
               homines
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               qui
               militant
               Deo
               ,
            
             this
             then
             rather
             flies
             in
             the
             face
             of
             them
             that
             permit
             their
             Preachers
             to
             put
             on
             Blew
             Aprons
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             such
             sordid
             allowances
             ,
             that
             they
             must
             either
             work
             with
             their
             hands
             or
             starve
             ,
             seeing
             it
             is
             not
             comely
             that
             the
             Lords
             Warriours
             should
             busie
             themselves
             about
             inferiour
             matters
             that
             tend
             to
             get
             a
             livelihood
             ,
             and
             so
             Valla
             render
             it
             ,
             not
             negotiis
             but
             negotiationibus
             ,
             when
             our
             Saviour
             employed
             Fishermen
             to
             Preach
             his
             Gospel
             ,
             weak
             instruments
             to
             confound
             the
             powers
             of
             this
             World
             ,
             though
             he
             furnished
             them
             with
             suitable
             abilities
             that
             they
             needed
             not
             to
             study
             ,
             yet
             he
             made
             them
             leave
             their
             nets
             ,
             and
             not
             use
             them
             as
             their
             ordinary
             Profession
             .
             But
             lastly
             ,
             and
             most
             satisfactorily
             ,
             the
             Apostle
             here
             makes
             a
             comparison
             between
             Prophane
             and
             Spiritual
             Warfare
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             better
             to
             understand
             the
             genuine
             sense
             we
             must
             consider
             what
             Military
             Discipline
             did
             require
             ,
             
               Veg.
               l.
               2.
            
             says
             that
             by
             the
             Laws
             of
             War
             he
             must
             not
             have
             any
             private
             affairs
             committed
             to
             him
             ,
             nor
             mind
             his
             own
             gain
             .
             Hence
             we
             read
             in
             Florus
             of
             the
             Romans
             severely
             proceeding
             against
             Posthumius
             for
             imploying
             his
             Soldiers
             to
             till
             the
             ground
             ,
             
               Vid.
               Leg.
               Arcad.
               &
               Honorii
               Tit.
               Miles
               .
            
             And
             Leo
             the
             Emperor
             says
             expresly
             ,
             those
             that
             are
             armed
             and
             maintained
             by
             the
             Commonwealth
             must
             only
             mind
             publick
             affairs
             ,
             and
             not
             till
             the
             ground
             ,
             keep
             Cattel
             ,
             or
             Traffick
             ,
             
               L.
               Mil.
               C.
               de
               re
               Militari
               l.
               12.
               
            
             All
             avocations
             were
             inhibited
             ,
             and
             such
             matters
             as
             tended
             only
             to
             the
             publick
             good
             enjoyned
             them
             ,
             and
             why
             then
             should
             not
             the
             same
             Analogy
             hold
             here
             ,
             and
             such
             affairs
             be
             permitted
             to
             the
             Clergy
             ,
             as
             tend
             to
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             and
             the
             Glory
             of
             their
             great
             Commander
             .
          
           
             Next
             we
             are
             urged
             by
             the
             Apostles
             practice
             who
             were
             so
             tender
             of
             any
             interruption
             that
             they
             denied
             to
             attend
             upon
             tables
             ,
             and
             make
             provision
             for
             the
             Poor
             .
             'T
             is
             true
             ,
             in
             the
             infancy
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             when
             the
             Gospel
             was
             to
             be
             published
             all
             the
             World
             over
             ,
             the
             Work
             great
             ,
             and
             the
             Labourers
             exceeding
             few
             ,
             the
             least
             diversion
             at
             such
             a
             time
             would
             prove
             a
             considerable
             hindrance
             and
             destraction
             to
             them
             .
             But
             now
             when
             the
             Lord
             of
             the
             Harvest
             has
             encreast
             the
             number
             ,
             and
             plentifully
             furnished
             his
             peaceable
             settled
             Church
             ,
             every
             Village
             being
             now
             supplied
             ,
             and
             if
             the
             complaints
             of
             some
             be
             true
             ,
             the
             Nation
             so
             overstock'd
             ,
             that
             there
             's
             hardly
             employment
             ,
             much
             less
             maintenance
             for
             the
             Multitude
             .
             In
             this
             case
             to
             make
             no
             difference
             of
             times
             ,
             when
             the
             mercifull
             Providence
             of
             God
             hath
             made
             so
             vast
             a
             distinction
             seems
             little
             agreeable
             to
             reason
             .
             But
             if
             from
             this
             ,
             occasion
             must
             be
             taken
             presently
             to
             forbid
             every
             petty
             interruption
             and
             disturbance
             ;
             how
             came
             St.
             Paul
             to
             contradict
             himself
             ,
             and
             to
             follow
             his
             Tent
             making
             ,
             labouring
             with
             his
             hands
             for
             a
             livelihood
             ,
             which
             must
             needs
             take
             up
             a
             good
             part
             of
             his
             time
             ,
             and
             hinder
             his
             Praying
             and
             Preaching
             .
             Add
             to
             this
             ,
             that
             the
             seven
             Deacons
             appointed
             by
             the
             Apostles
             to
             succeed
             them
             in
             the
             care
             of
             the
             Collections
             ,
             were
             according
             to
             Epiphanius
             of
             the
             number
             of
             the
             70
             Disciples
             ,
             and
             yet
             for
             the
             publick
             benefit
             ,
             their
             constant
             Preaching
             was
             now
             and
             then
             dispenced
             with
             to
             attend
             on
             Tables
             .
          
           
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             They
             argue
             from
             the
             Canons
             of
             the
             Primitive
             Church
             ,
             prohibiting
             Clergy
             men
             to
             judge
             and
             intermeddle
             in
             Civil
             Matters
             ,
             or
             any
             Causes
             Secular
             ;
             the
             Prohibitions
             of
             this
             sort
             are
             many
             and
             various
             ,
             they
             may
             be
             seen
             in
             
               Balsamon
               ,
               Zonarus
               ,
               Binias
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             It
             would
             be
             an
             infinite
             task
             to
             give
             particular
             answers
             to
             each
             Canon
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             shall
             lay
             down
             some
             general
             Rules
             ,
             which
             may
             the
             better
             conduce
             to
             the
             understanding
             of
             them
             all
             ,
             which
             if
             well
             applyed
             will
             make
             an
             abundant
             solution
             to
             that
             so
             complicated
             an
             Objection
             .
          
           
             And
             here
             I
             cannot
             but
             admire
             the
             Modesty
             of
             the
             Primitive
             Church
             ,
             and
             the
             Charity
             of
             the
             People
             the
             earnestness
             of
             Princes
             in
             Commissioning
             of
             Spiritual
             Persons
             to
             compose
             all
             emergent
             differences
             ,
             and
             the
             forwardness
             of
             the
             oppressed
             in
             flying
             to
             the
             Tribunals
             for
             Justice
             ,
             whereupon
             the
             Holy
             Fathers
             in
             process
             of
             time
             to
             take
             off
             their
             Clergy
             from
             those
             Affairs
             made
             sundry
             and
             severe
             Canons
             in
             divers
             Counsels
             ,
             and
             therefore
             (
             1.
             )
             'T
             is
             clear
             ,
             the
             great
             design
             was
             to
             forbid
             ambitious
             seeking
             after
             ,
             and
             voluntary
             engageing
             in
             Secular
             matters
             for
             Sordid
             ends
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             Covetous
             Principles
             ,
             and
             this
             may
             probably
             be
             collected
             ,
             because
             we
             find
             a
             dispensation
             given
             when
             imposed
             by
             the
             supreme
             Magistrate
             .
             In
             the
             Counsel
             of
             Sardis
             t
             is
             granted
             upon
             the
             motion
             of
             
               Osius
               ,
               Si
               religiosi
               imparatoris
               literis
               vel
               invitati
               vel
               vocati
               fuerint
               ,
            
             and
             undertaken
             in
             obedience
             as
             causes
             of
             Piety
             and
             Charity
             ,
             overseeing
             Widdows
             and
             Orphans
             ,
             provided
             it
             extended
             not
             to
             the
             notorious
             neglect
             of
             their
             Religious
             Callings
             .
             And
             thus
             
               Justin
               Martyr
            
             calls
             the
             Bishop
             the
             great
             Steward
             of
             all
             the
             poor
             ,
             
               Apol.
               2.
            
             the
             Contributions
             of
             the
             Faithfull
             being
             laid
             down
             at
             his
             feet
             ,
             and
             by
             him
             distributed
             .
             And
             
               Ignatius
               Ep.
               ad
               Polycarp
            
             .
             calls
             the
             Bishop
             the
             great
             Trustee
             of
             the
             Widdows
             .
             (
             2
             )
             'T
             is
             not
             a
             total
             prohibition
             ,
             but
             only
             a
             prudent
             restraint
             ,
             least
             animosities
             and
             jealousies
             should
             arise
             in
             the
             Laity
             ,
             by
             too
             much
             encroaching
             upon
             their
             Courts
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             wisdom
             of
             sundry
             Counsels
             confin'd
             the
             Clergy
             to
             such
             matters
             as
             were
             properly
             of
             Ecclesiastical
             Cognizance
             .
          
           
             But
             (
             3.
             )
             The
             ground
             and
             reason
             of
             these
             interdictions
             was
             not
             the
             unfitness
             and
             incapacity
             of
             spiritual
             Persons
             ,
             but
             out
             of
             respect
             to
             their
             eminent
             Callings
             ,
             least
             they
             should
             be
             disparaged
             by
             mean
             and
             vile
             employments
             ,
             and
             express
             mention
             is
             made
             of
             sordid
             Offices
             about
             Princes
             and
             Noble
             men
             ,
             as
             of
             Stewards
             ,
             Bailiffs
             ,
             &c.
             
             But
             when
             by
             the
             favour
             of
             Princes
             their
             employments
             were
             honourable
             ,
             and
             their
             temporary
             diversions
             did
             bring
             abundant
             recompence
             to
             the
             Church
             ;
             we
             find
             those
             that
             had
             the
             principal
             hadn
             in
             enacting
             these
             Canons
             themselves
             engageing
             .
             Now
             can
             it
             be
             supposed
             ,
             if
             this
             had
             been
             the
             meaning
             ,
             they
             would
             have
             been
             guilty
             of
             so
             great
             a
             contradiction
             ,
             and
             no
             future
             Counsel
             reprove
             it
             .
             St.
             Cyprian
             much
             confirms
             me
             in
             this
             Opinion
             ,
             
               l.
               de
               Lapsis
            
             ,
             is
             perswaded
             that
             God
             sent
             the
             great
             Persecution
             under
             Decius
             onely
             to
             awaken
             the
             Christians
             ,
             who
             were
             growing
             exceeding
             corrupt
             ,
             especially
             the
             Clergy
             ;
             for
             he
             there
             complains
             that
             the
             Bishops
             themselves
             abandoned
             their
             holy
             Functions
             ,
             and
             dealt
             in
             matters
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             haunting
             Marts
             and
             Fairs
             for
             filthy
             lucre
             sake
             .
             And
             much
             to
             same
             purpose
             we
             find
             in
             Writers
             of
             our
             own
             Country
             ,
             as
             
               Gildas
               ,
               Bede
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             But
             to
             make
             peace
             between
             quarrelling
             Nations
             ,
             to
             compound
             differences
             amongst
             Christians
             ,
             and
             such
             like
             ,
             tending
             to
             the
             honour
             of
             God
             and
             the
             Glory
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             which
             may
             be
             often
             practised
             without
             detriment
             to
             their
             Spiritual
             charges
             ,
             I
             never
             find
             these
             expresly
             forbidden
             ,
             or
             such
             as
             engaged
             in
             them
             ,
             as
             
               Cyprian
               ,
               Austin
               ,
               Chrysostom
               ,
               Gregory
               ,
               Bernard
               ,
            
             &c.
             
             Condemned
             ;
             for
             St.
             Paul
             became
             all
             things
             to
             all
             men
             to
             gain
             a
             Soul
             :
             Will
             not
             the
             example
             bear
             his
             Successors
             out
             ,
             if
             they
             go
             to
             the
             utmost
             verge
             of
             their
             Christian
             Liberty
             ,
             still
             keeping
             
             on
             this
             side
             sin
             ,
             to
             preserve
             Kingdoms
             ,
             the
             Churches
             Peace
             ,
             and
             to
             prevent
             the
             effusion
             of
             Christian
             Blood
             ,
             their
             absence
             some
             days
             from
             their
             private
             charges
             will
             be
             abundantly
             recompenced
             by
             such
             happy
             consequences
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             IV.
             
          
           
             
               The
               Ancient
               Estate
               of
               the
               Clergy
               and
               Priests
               in
               this
               and
               other
               Kingdoms
               .
            
          
           
             WE
             have
             before
             intimated
             that
             the
             Prudent
             Piety
             of
             the
             first
             Christian
             Emperours
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             Encouragement
             of
             Religion
             and
             Learning
             did
             confer
             many
             and
             great
             Priviledges
             and
             exemptions
             upon
             their
             Clergy
             in
             those
             Primitive
             times
             .
             Come
             we
             now
             to
             manifest
             that
             the
             Franchise
             ,
             of
             our
             Brittish
             Church
             ,
             were
             neither
             short
             for
             number
             or
             extent
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             a
             reall
             confirmed
             by
             
               Magna
               Charta
            
             without
             restraint
             ,
             the
             words
             are
             
               we
               have
               granted
            
             to
             God
             ;
             and
             by
             this
             our
             present
             Charter
             confirmed
             and
             for
             our
             Heirs
             for
             ever
             ,
             that
             the
             Church
             of
             England
             shall
             be
             free
             ,
             and
             have
             all
             her
             whole
             Rights
             and
             Liberties
             invitolable
             ,
             all
             the
             Nation
             being
             content
             to
             stand
             accursed
             if
             this
             grant
             were
             at
             any
             time
             infringed
             .
             You
             may
             see
             in
             Ancient
             Authors
             the
             manner
             of
             its
             Publication
             
               (
               viz.
            
             )
             The
             King
             ,
             Prelates
             ,
             and
             Peers
             ,
             &c.
             came
             with
             burning
             Tapers
             in
             their
             hands
             ,
             throwing
             them
             down
             on
             the
             ground
             ,
             and
             saying
             ,
             so
             let
             his
             light
             be
             extinguished
             in
             the
             other
             World
             ,
             which
             shall
             go
             about
             to
             break
             this
             Charter
             and
             Agreement
             ,
             yea
             more
             if
             any
             thing
             should
             be
             done
             against
             it
             and
             contrary
             to
             it
             ,
             it
             was
             
               ipso
               facto
            
             declared
             void
             ,
             26.
             
             
               Edw.
               1.
               c.
            
             2.
             
             And
             must
             
               Magna
               Charta
            
             be
             violated
             only
             when
             the
             Clergys
             Priviledges
             are
             invaded
             ,
             Why
             shall
             it
             not
             stand
             firm
             and
             good
             for
             them
             ,
             and
             on
             their
             behalfs
             ,
             as
             for
             the
             Laity
             ?
             Did
             not
             the
             Clergy
             labour
             as
             much
             as
             any
             for
             the
             Procurement
             of
             it
             ?
             Nay
             were
             they
             not
             they
             who
             procured
             it
             from
             the
             several
             and
             respective
             Kings
             ?
             Let
             us
             desire
             the
             Enemies
             of
             the
             Clergy
             to
             see
             their
             own
             Cronicles
             ,
             and
             they
             shall
             receive
             satisfaction
             .
             Now
             what
             the
             Liberties
             of
             the
             Church
             were
             ,
             to
             set
             them
             down
             would
             ask
             a
             Volume
             ;
             the
             Lord
             Chief
             Justice
             Cooke
             says
             expresly
             ,
             they
             had
             more
             and
             greater
             than
             other
             of
             the
             Kings
             Subjects
             ,
             some
             few
             he
             recites
             ,
             as
             that
             they
             were
             discharged
             from
             Purveyances
             ,
             Tolls
             ,
             Customs
             ,
             Distresses
             by
             the
             Sheriff
             in
             the
             old
             inheritance
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             with
             others
             of
             the
             like
             nature
             .
             It
             might
             fetch
             tears
             from
             some
             to
             look
             back
             upon
             the
             Piety
             and
             Charity
             of
             our
             Saxon
             Ancestors
             who
             in
             their
             greatest
             impositions
             ever
             held
             their
             Ecclesiasticks
             excused
             ,
             no
             part
             of
             that
             insupportable
             Tax
             of
             Danegelt
             ,
             under
             which
             the
             Kingdom
             so
             much
             groaned
             ,
             being
             ever
             paid
             by
             them
             ,
             
               Vid.
               Spelm.
               Gloss
               .
               in
               Danegelt
               .
            
             and
             it
             may
             be
             made
             appear
             that
             till
             after
             the
             Conquest
             (
             the
             tenure
             of
             their
             Lands
             being
             at
             that
             time
             
               Frank
               Almoigne
            
             )
             they
             were
             ever
             priviledged
             .
             For
             King
             Ethelwolf
             in
             a
             full
             Convention
             of
             his
             States
             at
             
               Winchester
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               858.
            
             
             Enacted
             that
             Tithes
             and
             Church
             Lands
             throughout
             all
             his
             Dominions
             should
             be
             free
             from
             Civil
             Burdens
             and
             Exactions
             ,
             as
             much
             as
             Royal
             Tributes
             great
             and
             small
             ,
             
               Vid.
               Spelm.
               Concil
               .
               ad
               Annum
               dictum
               .
            
             But
             dureing
             our
             late
             intestine
             Wars
             ,
             How
             unequal
             were
             Quarterings
             and
             Contributions
             ?
             What
             heavy
             Burthens
             did
             the
             poor
             Clergy
             bear
             ,
             no
             redress
             being
             found
             to
             their
             bitterest
             complaints
             from
             the
             Lay
             Judges
             ,
             who
             in
             some
             places
             made
             sport
             at
             their
             Miseries
             and
             Oppressions
             ,
             as
             if
             nothing
             had
             been
             too
             hard
             or
             insupportable
             for
             their
             shoulders
             ;
             now
             those
             days
             through
             Mercy
             are
             over
             ,
             and
             must
             be
             forgotten
             ,
             to
             receive
             almost
             in
             all
             places
             the
             same
             hard
             measure
             from
             their
             pretended
             well-wishers
             ,
             
             
               This
               strikes
               to
               the
               very
               heart
               .
            
             When
             no
             regard
             is
             had
             of
             all
             their
             past
             sufferings
             ;
             First-fruits
             ,
             Tenths
             ,
             (
             no
             small
             standing
             revenue
             of
             the
             Crown
             ,
             amounting
             as
             some
             compute
             to
             near
             40000
             
               l.
               per
               annum
            
             )
             which
             they
             joyfully
             discharge
             ,
             but
             they
             must
             still
             be
             left
             to
             the
             arbitrary
             disproportionate
             Impositions
             of
             every
             Domineering
             insolent
             Officer
             :
             The
             consideration
             hereof
             hath
             convinced
             many
             (
             formerly
             of
             a
             different
             perswasion
             )
             that
             't
             is
             not
             only
             usefull
             but
             expedient
             ,
             yea
             necessary
             for
             the
             Church
             ,
             to
             have
             some
             of
             his
             own
             Ordering
             Power
             to
             protect
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             hear
             and
             redress
             their
             just
             grievances
             .
             But
             what
             further
             concerns
             the
             Clergys
             Priviledges
             and
             just
             Rights
             ,
             being
             so
             learnedly
             handled
             by
             the
             Immortal
             Spelman
             ;
             and
             the
             general
             ones
             so
             fully
             Collected
             by
             
               Rebuffus
               de
               Stud.
               Priv.
            
             and
             others
             ,
             I
             shall
             not
             here
             any
             further
             enlarge
             upon
             them
             .
             The
             grand
             concern
             at
             present
             ,
             and
             which
             we
             principally
             design
             is
             ,
             how
             far
             they
             were
             Priviledged
             as
             to
             publick
             Assemblies
             and
             State
             Consultations
             .
             And
             that
             the
             Holy
             Constantine
             ,
             and
             many
             other
             famous
             Kings
             and
             Emperours
             have
             made
             use
             of
             their
             advice
             both
             at
             Home
             and
             Abroad
             ,
             employed
             them
             in
             Embassies
             and
             other
             important
             Transactions
             hath
             been
             already
             demonstrated
             .
             And
             here
             in
             the
             first
             place
             ,
             if
             such
             an
             argument
             could
             hope
             to
             sway
             with
             us
             Christians
             ,
             it
             would
             soon
             be
             proved
             that
             those
             who
             attended
             the
             Worship
             of
             the
             Heathen
             gods
             were
             admitted
             in
             Greece
             ,
             the
             then
             most
             knowing
             and
             civilized
             part
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             into
             their
             Pan-Aetolium
             and
             Amphyctionian
             Counsels
             .
             Amongst
             the
             
               Athenian
               Areopagites
            
             and
             Roman
             Senators
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Old
             Gauls
             divided
             their
             states
             in
             Druidas
             (
             who
             had
             
               omnium
               rerum
               immunitatem
               )
               Equites
               ,
               Plebem
               ,
            
             as
             the
             Egyptians
             before
             did
             into
             Priests
             ,
             Soldiers
             and
             Tradesmen
             .
             But
             leaving
             Gentilisme
             we
             will
             hasten
             to
             Christendome
             :
             And
             here
             once
             for
             all
             ,
             desire
             our
             Reader
             to
             consider
             ,
             that
             by
             the
             fundamental
             Constitutions
             of
             the
             most
             and
             best
             settled
             Nations
             in
             Europe
             ,
             there
             are
             three
             States
             generally
             settled
             whereof
             the
             Clergy
             is
             ever
             one
             :
             Now
             to
             make
             this
             good
             ,
             though
             we
             might
             produce
             variety
             of
             instances
             ,
             yet
             we
             shall
             content
             our selves
             with
             the
             single
             Testimony
             of
             Calvin
             alone
             ,
             knowing
             that
             it
             will
             go
             farther
             with
             some
             ,
             than
             a
             Jury
             of
             others
             ,
             This
             we
             find
             expresly
             asserted
             in
             his
             Institutions
             ,
             
               l.
               4.
               c.
               20.
               
               Sect.
               31.
               
               In
               singulis
               regnis
               tres
               sunt
               ordines
               ,
            
             &c.
             which
             how
             to
             make
             up
             without
             the
             Spiritualty
             will
             be
             hard
             and
             beyond
             my
             skill
             .
             In
             our
             Neighbour
             Nation
             of
             France
             the
             practise
             is
             notoriously
             known
             ,
             the
             ancient
             stile
             of
             the
             Royal
             Edicts
             always
             running
             ,
             as
             't
             is
             Recorded
             of
             
               Pepin
               ,
               Ann.
               744.
               
               Per
               Consilium
               Sacerdotum
               &
               Optimatum
               ordinavimus
               ,
               Per
               Consilium
               Sacerdotum
               &
               optimatum
               ordinavit
               Carolamanus
               ,
               Thuanus
               passim
               .
            
             It
             might
             farther
             be
             noted
             that
             six
             Prelates
             are
             here
             Pairee
             of
             that
             great
             and
             famous
             Kingdom
             ,
             three
             of
             them
             being
             stiled
             Dukes
             ,
             and
             three
             Counts
             ,
             See
             
               Seldens
               Titles
               of
               Honours
            
             ,
             and
             yet
             the
             whole
             number
             of
             the
             Pairee
             exceeds
             not
             Twelve
             .
             As
             likewise
             the
             Arch
             Bishop
             of
             Paris
             hath
             a
             peculiar
             indulgence
             in
             being
             present
             in
             every
             Court
             of
             that
             Royal
             City
             without
             exception
             Chappinus
             .
             Look
             we
             into
             Hungary
             where
             Thwroczius
             informs
             us
             that
             by
             the
             Fundamental
             Constitutions
             of
             King
             Stephen
             ,
             the
             Bishops
             in
             
               Concilio
               Regis
               primi
               adsistunt
               .
               Poland
            
             comes
             behind
             none
             in
             its
             Reverence
             and
             Respect
             for
             their
             Clergy
             ,
             where
             the
             Arch
             Bishop
             of
             Gnesna
             is
             
               Primas
               Regni
               &
               Princeps
               primus
               ,
               Stanis
               .
               Kristanowick
               in
               discrip
               .
               Polon
               .
            
             whose
             jurisdiction
             is
             not
             limited
             to
             the
             Spirituality
             alone
             ,
             but
             hath
             the
             chief
             place
             in
             the
             Rank
             of
             the
             Senators
             assigned
             him
             ,
             and
             is
             of
             the
             greatest
             Authority
             in
             all
             publick
             Consultations
             :
             And
             when
             at
             any
             time
             there
             happens
             an
             Interregnum
             (
             as
             it
             frequently
             doth
             in
             those
             Elective
             Kingdoms
             )
             it
             belongs
             to
             him
             to
             summon
             a
             Dyet
             to
             give
             Audience
             to
             Forreign
             Embassadours
             ,
             and
             to
             appoint
             a
             time
             and
             place
             for
             the
             Election
             of
             a
             New
             King.
             Our
             Author
             farther
             enlargeth
             this
             to
             have
             proceeded
             from
             the
             Piety
             
             of
             the
             Popish
             Kings
             towards
             the
             Church
             ,
             that
             the
             Sons
             of
             it
             should
             for
             ever
             hold
             the
             highest
             places
             in
             their
             Conventions
             ,
             with
             many
             other
             Priviledges
             which
             to
             this
             day
             they
             enjoy
             in
             his
             own
             words
             ,
             
               [
               and
               he
               no
               Clergyman
               neither
               ,
               but
               a
               Lawyer
               ]
               Maxime
               illius
               Regni
               commodo
               ,
               emolumento
               ,
               adjumento
               ,
               addo
               &
               ornamento
               .
               Cromerus
            
             another
             Historian
             of
             that
             Country
             adds
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             ever
             a
             Royal
             standing
             Council
             assigned
             the
             King
             ,
             of
             which
             there
             is
             to
             be
             two
             Arch
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             seven
             Bishops
             .
             And
             how
             considerable
             a
             number
             in
             all
             the
             German
             Dyets
             the
             Ecclesiasticks
             are
             Panvinius
             is
             a
             Witness
             beyond
             exception
             ,
             who
             reckons
             thirty
             four
             Bishops
             that
             have
             their
             Votes
             there
             besides
             Abbots
             ,
             Priors
             ,
             &c.
             who
             pass
             for
             Religious
             Persons
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Septemvirate
             we
             find
             no
             less
             than
             three
             Clergy-men
             ,
             Mentz
             Arch
             Chancellour
             of
             
               Germany
               ,
               Coln
            
             of
             France
             ,
             and
             Triers
             of
             Italy
             .
             I
             shall
             wholly
             out
             of
             this
             Collection
             omit
             Spain
             and
             Italy
             ,
             as
             being
             such
             known
             vassals
             to
             the
             Pope
             ,
             where
             the
             Clergy
             Rule
             the
             Roast
             .
             But
             one
             word
             dashes
             all
             this
             [
             with
             some
             ]
             
               They
               are
               Papists
            
             ,
             a
             doughty
             argument
             to
             condemn
             any
             thing
             though
             backed
             by
             never
             so
             strong
             reasons
             :
             And
             let
             us
             examine
             how
             matters
             stand
             with
             others
             ,
             
               Andreas
               Bureus
            
             in
             his
             Description
             of
             Sueden
             ,
             acknowledges
             that
             the
             Ecclesiasticks
             were
             heretofore
             the
             
               Prime
               men
               in
               the
               Senate
            
             ,
             till
             the
             Covetousness
             of
             Gustavus
             the
             first
             despoiled
             them
             of
             their
             Revenues
             :
             Yet
             since
             the
             Reformation
             ,
             they
             still
             to
             this
             day
             retain
             their
             suffrages
             in
             all
             Publick
             Dyets
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             And
             when
             the
             New
             Crowned
             King
             makes
             choice
             of
             his
             Counsellors
             ,
             the
             Arch
             Bishop
             of
             Upsal
             is
             still
             the
             first
             ,
             who
             is
             allowed
             a
             greater
             proportion
             of
             Attendants
             ,
             when
             he
             comes
             to
             the
             King
             than
             any
             Noble
             man
             in
             the
             Nation
             ,
             no
             fewer
             than
             Forty
             Horse
             being
             permitted
             him
             ;
             whereas
             the
             retinue
             of
             the
             other
             Noble
             men
             must
             not
             exceed
             Thirty
             .
             And
             in
             the
             great
             Assembly
             at
             
               Lincopen
               ,
               Ann.
               1600.
            
             we
             find
             both
             Bishops
             and
             other
             Ecclesiasticks
             .
             And
             as
             to
             
               Denmark
               ,
               Pontanus
            
             recites
             Seven
             Bishops
             as
             the
             Ecclesiastical
             Nobility
             ,
             and
             these
             have
             their
             Votes
             in
             all
             Grand
             Meetings
             .
             
               Jonas
               ab
               Elvervelt
            
             distributes
             the
             States
             of
             Holstein
             into
             three
             Orders
             ,
             1.
             
             King
             and
             Princes
             .
             2.
             
             Prelates
             .
             3.
             
             The
             Families
             of
             the
             Nobles
             .
             And
             he
             makes
             the
             Bishops
             of
             Lubeck
             and
             Slewick
             the
             two
             Prime
             Peers
             in
             all
             their
             Dyets
             .
             In
             Scotland
             it
             is
             known
             that
             anciently
             the
             Bishops
             and
             Prelates
             were
             Essential
             Members
             of
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             had
             their
             Seats
             as
             ours
             here
             in
             England
             on
             the
             Right
             hand
             of
             the
             King
             :
             And
             in
             a
             Parliament
             held
             at
             
               Edenborough
               ,
               Ann.
               1597.
            
             a
             Vote
             passed
             for
             restoring
             the
             Clergy
             to
             their
             Original
             Priviledges
             ,
             as
             the
             Third
             Estate
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             ;
             the
             Learned
             Prince
             King
             James
             Condemning
             that
             Act
             of
             Annexing
             their
             Temporalities
             to
             the
             Crown
             as
             Vile
             and
             Pernitious
             ,
             
               Basil
               .
               Dor.
               l.
               2.
               p.
               43.
               
            
             Then
             for
             Geneva
             it self
             ,
             who
             is
             so
             much
             a
             stranger
             to
             that
             Reformation
             ,
             as
             to
             be
             ignorant
             what
             a
             stroke
             Calvin
             and
             others
             had
             upon
             the
             Senate
             or
             grand
             Counsel
             ,
             which
             gave
             occasion
             to
             that
             complaint
             of
             some
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             expelled
             
               One
               Bishop
               and
               admitted
               many
            
             .
             If
             remote
             Countries
             be
             to
             be
             regarded
             ,
             amongst
             the
             Abissines
             the
             Clergy
             is
             Paramount
             in
             Affairs
             of
             all
             natures
             ,
             and
             we
             read
             in
             
               Damianus
               a
               Goes
            
             of
             
               Zaga
               Zaba
            
             an
             Ethiopian
             Bishop
             Viceroy
             of
             Bagana
             sent
             Embassadour
             to
             the
             King
             of
             
               Portugal
               ,
               Dress
               .
               Orat.
            
             In
             Muscovy
             their
             supreme
             Convention
             ,
             which
             those
             Inhabitants
             call
             Zabore
             ,
             consists
             of
             the
             great
             Duke
             ,
             Twenty
             Ecclesiasticks
             ,
             and
             as
             many
             Nobles
             ,
             the
             common
             People
             being
             wholly
             excluded
             ;
             and
             when
             they
             are
             met
             together
             ,
             the
             Patriarch
             and
             Ecclesiasticks
             are
             always
             first
             Consulted
             ,
             and
             first
             deliver
             their
             Opinion
             .
             I
             shall
             conclude
             this
             Paragraph
             ,
             onely
             reminding
             ,
             that
             neither
             the
             Pagans
             nor
             Mahometans
             are
             so
             inhumane
             or
             irreligious
             ,
             or
             discourteous
             to
             their
             Priests
             as
             to
             deny
             them
             this
             Liberty
             :
             For
             that
             Tully
             acquaints
             us
             that
             it
             was
             the
             appointment
             of
             the
             Gods
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Roman
               Pontifices
            
             should
             not
             only
             take
             care
             of
             their
             Religion
             ,
             but
             
             further
             
               Sumnis
               Reipub.
               praeesse
               voluerunt
               ,
               Orat.
               pro.
               dom
               .
               sua
               .
            
             Nay
             at
             this
             very
             day
             the
             Barbarous
             Turks
             never
             exclude
             their
             .
             Mufti
             ,
             but
             allow
             him
             free
             entrance
             ,
             and
             Vote
             into
             all
             their
             Divans
             and
             Counsels
             ;
             yea
             the
             great
             Sultan
             himself
             so
             Honours
             the
             Mufti
             ,
             that
             as
             often
             as
             he
             comes
             into
             his
             Presence
             ,
             he
             rises
             from
             his
             Seat
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             
               their
               mode
            
             ,
             putting
             his
             hand
             to
             his
             breast
             ,
             bows
             his
             head
             in
             token
             of
             reverence
             and
             Honour
             ,
             which
             he
             shews
             not
             to
             any
             other
             Subject
             ,
             and
             will
             hardly
             vouchsafe
             the
             like
             honours
             to
             the
             mightiest
             Monarch
             upon
             Earth
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             V.
             
          
           
             
               Englands
               more
               particular
               Respect
               and
               Kindness
               to
               the
               Clergy
               .
            
          
           
             I
             Might
             here
             be
             very
             large
             should
             I
             but
             give
             the
             World
             a
             brief
             account
             of
             the
             Honour
             which
             our
             Saxon
             Kings
             had
             for
             their
             Clergy
             ,
             neither
             was
             this
             a
             matter
             onely
             precarious
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             Courtesie
             (
             as
             we
             say
             )
             of
             
               England
               ,
               Sed
               ipsis
               confirmatum
               legibus
               ,
               Spelm.
               Concil
               .
               Ep.
               ad
               Regem
               .
            
             The
             Person
             who
             Ministred
             at
             the
             Altar
             was
             esteemed
             equal
             in
             all
             things
             
               in
               censu
               pariter
               Capitis
            
             ,
             to
             the
             Lord
             of
             the
             Mannour
             or
             any
             Knight
             ,
             
               Leg.
               Aethel
               .
               c.
               ult
               .
               de
               Wirgildis
               .
            
             The
             Abbot
             was
             esteemed
             no
             less
             than
             a
             greater
             Thane
             which
             now
             we
             call
             a
             Baron
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             The
             Bishop
             of
             no
             inferiour
             Rank
             than
             the
             Count
             or
             Earl
             ,
             
               Qui
               integro
               fruebantur
               comitatu
            
             .
             The
             Arch
             Bishop
             equal
             to
             any
             Duke
             ,
             who
             might
             happen
             to
             be
             set
             over
             ,
             and
             have
             the
             Rule
             of
             many
             Countries
             ;
             for
             that
             saith
             the
             Learned
             Spelman
             ,
             in
             these
             times
             our
             Kings
             gave
             always
             the
             greatest
             respect
             and
             honour
             to
             their
             Clergy
             ;
             for
             that
             in
             their
             keeping
             were
             the
             Keys
             of
             Learning
             and
             Knowledge
             ,
             the
             Seculars
             in
             the
             mean
             time
             addicting
             themselves
             most
             what
             to
             the
             Wars
             ,
             so
             that
             in
             those
             times
             it
             came
             to
             pass
             that
             the
             Priests
             mouth
             was
             the
             Oracle
             of
             our
             Common
             People
             no
             less
             than
             of
             the
             King
             and
             Commonwealth
             ;
             for
             that
             they
             had
             ever
             the
             first
             Place
             in
             our
             Commitia's
             and
             Assemblies
             ,
             no
             less
             than
             in
             the
             Kings
             Courts
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             Law
             Tribunals
             in
             the
             Kings
             Palace
             with
             the
             Nobles
             of
             his
             Kingdom
             in
             the
             Counties
             with
             the
             Comittees
             and
             Justices
             of
             the
             Counties
             ,
             in
             the
             Sheriffs
             Courts
             
               [
               turno
               Vicecomites
            
             ]
             together
             with
             the
             Sheriffs
             ,
             the
             Bishops
             had
             their
             Adsessors
             ,
             yea
             in
             the
             Hundred
             Courts
             ,
             they
             or
             their
             Ministers
             sate
             together
             ,
             with
             the
             Lord
             of
             the
             Hundred
             :
             so
             that
             one
             sword
             was
             ever
             helpfull
             to
             the
             other
             in
             the
             Administration
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             nothing
             of
             moment
             was
             done
             in
             these
             Courts
             of
             Judgment
             ,
             but
             by
             their
             advice
             and
             assistance
             ,
             
               Spelm.
               l.
               prius
               citat
            
             .
             The
             practice
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ran
             parallel
             with
             the
             Law
             ;
             for
             in
             all
             Antient
             Charters
             and
             Laws
             which
             heretofore
             were
             passed
             and
             made
             by
             signing
             their
             names
             
               cum
               signo
               crucis
            
             ,
             the
             Spiritual
             Lords
             ever
             preceeded
             the
             Temporal
             .
             In
             a
             donation
             of
             
               Ethelbert
               ,
               A.
               D.
               605.
            
             to
             the
             Monastery
             of
             St.
             Peter
             in
             Canterbury
             ,
             the
             first
             witness
             subscribing
             it
             ,
             is
             Austin
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             and
             after
             him
             several
             Dukes
             and
             Earls
             ,
             
               Monast
               .
               Angl.
               &
               Spelm.
               Conc.
               passim
               .
            
             In
             a
             Charter
             of
             King
             
               Inas
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               725.
            
             
             To
             the
             Monastery
             of
             Glassenbury
             ,
             after
             the
             Bishops
             ,
             Boorthwald
             and
             Fordred
             ,
             occur
             
               Waldhere
               ,
               Ethelherd
               ,
               Ummin
            
             and
             Winchelin
             ,
             the
             greatest
             Peers
             in
             the
             Nation
             putting
             their
             Names
             .
             Not
             long
             after
             in
             a
             Grant
             of
             King
             Offus
             to
             the
             Abby
             of
             
               Worcester
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               708.
               
               Brotdran
               ,
               Berthand
               ,
               Eadbald
               ,
            
             and
             Eadbald
             ,
             two
             Princes
             ,
             and
             two
             Dukes
             ,
             follows
             the
             Bishops
             .
             And
             at
             the
             same
             Kings
             Consecration
             at
             St.
             
               Albans
               ,
               Ann.
               793.
            
             
             No
             less
             than
             10
             Dukes
             ,
             besides
             
             other
             Nobles
             give
             place
             to
             the
             Prelates
             .
             And
             to
             make
             an
             end
             ,
             in
             a
             Charter
             of
             King
             Edward
             the
             Confessor
             to
             the
             Monastery
             of
             Winchester
             ;
             immediately
             after
             the
             King
             subscribed
             Plegmund
             and
             Frithestan
             the
             Bishops
             ,
             being
             followed
             by
             Ethelward
             the
             Kings
             Brother
             ,
             
               Aethelstan
               ,
               Aelfweard
            
             the
             Kings
             two
             Sons
             ,
             
               Oredluf
               ,
               Orced
               ,
               Brorh●●●f
            
             and
             Heerferth
             Dukes
             ,
             many
             more
             of
             this
             nature
             might
             be
             produced
             out
             of
             the
             same
             Authors
             ,
             and
             others
             ,
             as
             standing
             monuments
             of
             the
             Clergies
             Reputation
             ,
             and
             the
             Reverence
             our
             Religious
             Ancestors
             bare
             to
             their
             Functions
             ,
             particularly
             the
             third
             Charter
             of
             King
             Edward
             the
             Confessor
             of
             the
             Foundation
             of
             the
             Abby
             of
             Westminster
             ,
             where
             more
             particularly
             we
             find
             Osberne
             and
             Peter
             two
             of
             the
             said
             Kings
             Chaplains
             ,
             signing
             the
             Charter
             before
             several
             of
             the
             Earls
             .
             And
             furthermore
             ,
             here
             is
             Statute
             Law
             in
             the
             Case
             that
             this
             usage
             may
             not
             be
             thought
             to
             proceed
             meerly
             from
             the
             Curtesie
             of
             England
             ,
             't
             is
             confirm'd
             by
             the
             Statute
             of
             the
             31
             
               Hen.
               8.
               c.
            
             10.
             
             Wherein
             all
             degrees
             and
             offices
             are
             placed
             in
             Assemblies
             and
             Conferences
             ,
             and
             there
             the
             Arch
             Bishop
             of
             Canterbury
             as
             
               primus
               Par
               regni
            
             the
             first
             Peer
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             is
             ranked
             before
             all
             the
             Nobility
             ,
             and
             Seated
             at
             the
             Kings
             right
             hand
             ,
             next
             and
             immediately
             after
             the
             Royal
             Blood
             ,
             and
             the
             Vicegerent
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Bishops
             follow
             him
             in
             their
             due
             precedency
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Dignities
             and
             Aunciencies
             of
             their
             respective
             Sees
             .
             See
             farther
             ,
             the
             Statute
             of
             8.
             of
             
               Eliz.
               c.
               1.
            
             where
             in
             that
             Statute
             they
             are
             called
             an
             high
             ,
             and
             one
             of
             the
             greatest
             Estates
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             nor
             were
             they
             ever
             excluded
             from
             the
             greatest
             Employments
             of
             Honours
             and
             Trust
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             to
             evidence
             ,
             that
             this
             is
             not
             spoke
             without
             Book
             ,
             we
             will
             subjoin
             a
             Catalogue
             of
             Churchmen
             Collected
             out
             of
             
               Godwin
               ,
               Malmesbury
               ,
               Spelman
               ,
               Dugdale
               ,
            
             and
             others
             ,
             &c.
             that
             have
             born
             all
             ,
             at
             least
             the
             most
             honourable
             Offices
             of
             State
             ,
             and
             (
             how
             ever
             bespatter'd
             by
             some
             )
             discharged
             them
             with
             much
             integrity
             and
             repute
             ;
             England
             owing
             more
             of
             its
             happiness
             to
             men
             of
             this
             Calling
             than
             any
             other
             ,
             though
             it
             cannot
             be
             denyed
             but
             some
             miscarriages
             might
             be
             here
             and
             there
             found
             ,
             and
             yet
             as
             few
             as
             can
             be
             expected
             in
             such
             a
             Multitude
             :
             and
             if
             a
             man
             were
             disposed
             to
             find
             fault
             ,
             he
             might
             without
             much
             pains
             takeing
             two
             for
             one
             in
             Critically
             examining
             any
             other
             Profession
             .
             Let
             us
             begin
             then
             with
             Englands
             Metropolitan
             ,
             to
             whom
             this
             Primacy
             justly
             appertains
             ,
             and
             take
             the
             rest
             in
             Order
             ,
             onely
             premising
             this
             ,
             that
             t
             is
             true
             indeed
             we
             find
             fewer
             of
             this
             See
             upon
             the
             Civil
             Stage
             than
             any
             other
             ,
             most
             Offices
             being
             lookt
             upon
             as
             below
             the
             Archiepiscopal
             Dignity
             ,
             and
             therefore
             a
             Nobleman
             upbraided
             Hurbert
             Arch
             Bishop
             1199.
             when
             he
             was
             made
             Chancellour
             of
             England
             ,
             Chief
             Justice
             of
             England
             ,
             and
             high
             Governour
             of
             all
             the
             Dominions
             under
             King
             Richard
             the
             first
             ,
             however
             we
             shall
             begin
             with
             his
             Person
             and
             See.
             
          
           
             
               Canterbury
               .
            
             
               Hubert
               under
               
                 Richard
                 1.
              
               and
               King
               John
               ,
               who
               intrusted
               the
               same
               Prelate
               with
               the
               Government
               of
               the
               whole
               Realm
               at
               his
               departure
               into
               
                 Normandy
                 .
                 Gualter
                 ,
                 Reynolds
              
               Chancellour
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1310.
                 
                 John
                 Stratford
              
               Chancellour
               under
               
                 Edw.
                 3.
              
               
               And
               when
               the
               King
               Invaded
               France
               ,
               no
               Person
               thought
               so
               fit
               in
               his
               absence
               to
               have
               the
               Government
               of
               the
               Nation
               entrusted
               to
               him
               .
               
                 Simon
                 Islip
              
               of
               the
               Privy
               Counsel
               to
               the
               
                 Edw.
                 3.
                 
                 John
                 Stafford
              
               to
               
                 Hen.
                 5.
                 
                 John
                 Morton
              
               to
               
                 Hen.
                 6.
              
               and
               
                 Edw.
                 4.
              
               
               But
               we
               need
               not
               stand
               upon
               this
               ,
               when
               in
               truth
               it
               hath
               been
               seldom
               known
               that
               any
               of
               them
               have
               been
               at
               any
               time
               omitted
               :
               Nor
               was
               this
               proper
               only
               to
               the
               times
               of
               Propery
               :
               Come
               to
               the
               Reformation
               ,
               we
               find
               Arch
               Bishop
               Cranmer
               
               of
               the
               Privy
               Counsel
               to
               
                 Hen.
                 8.
              
               and
               
                 Edw.
                 6.
              
               and
               very
               active
               in
               Civil
               matters
               ,
               yet
               a
               man
               so
               averse
               to
               Rome
               ,
               so
               instrumental
               in
               planting
               the
               Gospel
               ,
               so
               Laborious
               ,
               so
               Holy
               ,
               that
               a
               great
               Apocalyptical
               man
               Mr.
               
                 Brightman
                 ,
                 in
                 his
                 Commentaries
                 oa
                 the
                 Apocalypse
                 [
                 a
                 man
                 no
                 friend
                 to
                 the
              
               Hierarchy
               ]
               
                 takes
                 him
                 to
                 be
                 that
                 Angel
                 pointed
                 at
                 by
                 God
                 ,
              
               Rev.
               14.
               
                 that
                 had
                 power
                 over
                 the
                 fire
                 .
              
               Under
               the
               renown'd
               Queen
               
                 Elizabeth
                 ,
                 John
                 Whitgift
              
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               and
               had
               the
               Government
               of
               the
               Principality
               of
               Wates
               given
               to
               him
               .
            
          
           
             
               YORK
               .
            
             
               
                 Waler
                 Gray
              
               Chancellour
               under
               King
               John
               ,
               had
               the
               Government
               of
               the
               Realm
               entrusted
               to
               him
               under
               
                 Hen.
                 3.
                 
                 William
                 de
                 Melton
              
               Successively
               Treasurer
               and
               Chancellour
               of
               
                 England
                 ,
                 1317.
                 
                 William
                 de
                 Zouche
              
               Vicegerent
               to
               King
               
                 Edw.
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1346.
                 
                 John
                 Kemp
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 1425.
              
               twice
               Lord
               Chancellour
               .
               And
               
                 Thomas
                 Young
              
               Lord
               Precident
               of
               the
               North
               ,
               
                 An.
                 Dom.
                 1561.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               LONDON
               .
            
             
               There
               was
               not
               long
               since
               to
               be
               seen
               in
               St.
               Pauls
               the
               Monument
               of
               William
               Bishop
               of
               London
               ,
               who
               obtained
               from
               the
               Conqueror
               the
               City
               Charter
               ,
               to
               which
               the
               Lord
               Major
               and
               his
               Brethren
               the
               Aldermen
               used
               in
               a
               gratefull
               Commemoration
               every
               year
               to
               walk
               on
               foot
               :
               He
               was
               Privy
               Counsellor
               to
               King
               William
               the
               Conqueror
               .
               Mauritius
               Chancellour
               under
               the
               same
               King.
               
                 Eustachius
                 de
                 Falconbridge
              
               one
               of
               King
               
                 Rich.
                 1.
              
               his
               Justices
               ,
               Chancellour
               of
               the
               Exchequer
               ,
               Treasurer
               of
               England
               ,
               and
               twice
               Embassadour
               into
               
                 France
                 .
                 Henry
                 de
                 Wingham
              
               Chancellour
               under
               
                 Edw.
                 3.
                 
                 Ralph
                 Boldoc
              
               under
               
                 Edw.
                 1.
                 
                 Richard
                 Bintworth
              
               under
               
                 Edw.
                 3.
                 
                 Robert
                 Braybrook
              
               under
               
                 Rich.
                 2.
                 
                 Richard
                 Cox
              
               Dean
               of
               Westminster
               (
               whom
               I
               crave
               leave
               to
               name
               here
               as
               belonging
               to
               the
               Diocess
               )
               of
               the
               privy
               Counsel
               to
               
                 Edw.
                 6.
              
               
               And
               Bishop
               Bancroft
               sent
               Embassadour
               to
               Embden
               ,
               to
               treat
               with
               the
               King
               of
               Denmarks
               Commissioners
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1600.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               DURHAM
               .
            
             
               Geoffrey
               Rufus
               
                 Chancellour
                 of
              
               England
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1140.
               
               Richardus
               de
               Marisco
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1217.
               
               Anthony
               Beake
               
                 of
                 the
                 Privy
                 Councel
              
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1294.
               
               Richard
               de
               Bury
               Cancellarius
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1334.
               
                 and
                 Treasurer
              
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1336.
               
               Thomas
               Langley
               Chancellor
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1406.
               
               Thomas
               Ruthal
               
                 of
                 the
                 Counsel
                 to
              
               Henry
               8.
               
                 and
                 as
                 his
                 Monument
                 at
              
               Westminster
               
                 testifies
                 ,
                 Secretary
                 to
              
               Hen.
               7.
               
               Richard
               Neyle
               
                 of
                 the
                 Privy
                 Council
              
               ,
               A.
               D.
               1627.
               
               
                 And
                 here
                 we
                 cannot
                 omit
                 that
                 known
                 passage
                 of
              
               Newbrigensis
               ,
               
                 who
                 brings
                 in
              
               K.
               Richard
               ,
               
                 making
                 himself
                 merry
                 with
                 the
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 boasting
                 what
                 a
                 feat
                 he
                 had
                 done
                 ,
              
               E
               Vetusto
               Episcopo
               novitium
               Comitem
               ego
               mirus
               artifex
               feci
               ,
               To
               make
               a
               New
               Count
               of
               an
               Old
               Bishop
               ,
               
                 a
                 Priviledge
                 yet
                 continued
                 to
                 that
                 Ancient
                 See.
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               WINCHESTER
               .
            
             
               Swithan
               Chancellour
               of
               England
               under
               
                 K.
                 Egbert
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 860.
                 
                 William
                 Giffard
              
               Chancellour
               under
               the
               Conqueror
               ,
               
                 William
                 Rufus
              
               ,
               and
               
                 K.
                 Henry
                 1.
                 
                 Peter
                 de
                 la
                 Roch.
              
               Lord
               Chief
               Justice
               under
               
                 K.
                 John.
                 Sendall
              
               Chancellour
               ,
               1316.
               
               
               
                 William
                 Edenden
              
               Treasucr
               under
               
                 Edw.
                 3.
                 
                 William
              
               of
               Wickam
               ,
               Founder
               of
               New
               Colledge
               in
               Oxon
               ,
               Principal
               Secretary
               of
               State
               ,
               Keeper
               of
               the
               Privy
               Seal
               ,
               Master
               of
               the
               Wards
               ,
               and
               Treasurer
               of
               the
               Kings
               Revenues
               in
               
                 France
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1360.
                 
                 William
                 Wainfleet
              
               Founder
               of
               Magdalen
               Colledge
               Oxon
               ,
               for
               his
               great
               Wisdom
               and
               Integrity
               long
               Lord
               Chancellor
               of
               England
               under
               
                 Hen.
                 6.
                 
                 Richard
                 Fox
              
               (
               Founder
               of
               C.
               C.
               C.
               Oxon
               )
               one
               of
               the
               Privy
               Counsel
               to
               
                 Hen.
                 7.
              
               (
               as
               Prudent
               a
               Prince
               as
               this
               Nation
               hath
               known
               )
               and
               this
               Bishop
               as
               wise
               a
               Privy
               Counsellor
               as
               he
               a
               Prince
               )
               continually
               employed
               either
               in
               matters
               of
               Counsel
               at
               home
               ,
               or
               Embassies
               and
               Treaties
               abroad
               .
            
          
           
             
               ELY
               .
            
             
               
                 William
                 Longchamp
              
               Chancellor
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1189.
              
               after
               Chief
               Justice
               and
               Protector
               of
               the
               Realm
               ,
               when
               
                 K.
                 Richard
              
               the
               first
               undertook
               his
               Journey
               to
               the
               Holy
               Land.
               Eustacius
               Chancellor
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1196.
                 
                 John
                 Hotbam
              
               Chancellor
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1317.
                 
                 Simon
                 Laughan
                 ,
                 And.
                 Dom.
                 1361.
              
               first
               Treasurer
               ,
               then
               Chancellor
               of
               
                 England
                 .
                 John
                 Barnet
              
               Treasurer
               ,
               
                 A.
                 D.
                 1366.
                 
                 John
                 Fordham
              
               Treasurer
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1385.
                 
                 William
                 Gray
              
               Treasurer
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1469.
                 
                 John
                 Alcock
              
               Chancellor
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1486
              
               :
               And
               
                 Thomas
                 Goodrick
              
               Chancellor
               under
               
                 Edw.
                 6.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               LINCOLN
               .
            
             
               
                 Robert
                 Bleuet
              
               Chancellor
               under
               the
               Conqueror
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 1092.
                 
                 Alexander
              
               under
               
                 K.
                 Henry
              
               the
               I.
               Lord
               Chief
               Justice
               of
               
                 England
                 .
                 Galfridus
              
               Chancellour
               ,
               
                 A.
                 D.
                 1180.
                 
                 Hugh
                 de
                 Wells
              
               Chancellour
               .
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1209.
                 
                 Walter
                 de
                 Constantiis
              
               Chancellour
               under
               
                 Hen.
                 6.
              
               and
               Dr.
               
                 Williams
                 Dean
              
               of
               Westminster
               ,
               and
               after
               Bishop
               of
               this
               See
               made
               Lord
               Keeper
               by
               the
               Learned
               
                 K.
                 James
              
               .
            
          
           
             
               COVENTRY
               and
               LICHFIELD
               .
            
             
               Roger
               de
               Wiseman
               
                 Keeper
                 of
                 the
                 Great
                 Seal
              
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1245.
               
               William
               de
               Langton
               Treasurer
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1226.
               
               Roger
               Northbrough
               
                 Clerk
                 of
                 the
                 Wardrope
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 Treasurer
                 ,
              
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1322.
               
               Geoffrey
               Blyth
               
                 Lord
                 President
                 of
              
               Wales
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1513.
               
               Rowland
               Lee
               
                 his
                 Successor
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Office
                 ,
              
               Ann.
               D.
               1535.
               
               Richard
               Sampson
               
                 in
                 the
                 same
              
               ,
               Ann.
               Dom.
               1537.
               
               William
               Smith
               
                 Founder
                 of
                 Brazen-Nose
                 Colledge
              
               Oxon
               ;
               
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 under
              
               Hen.
               8.
               
            
          
           
             
               SARUM
               .
            
             
               Osmond
               Chancellor
               of
               England
               ,
               always
               of
               the
               Privy
               Council
               ,
               and
               seldom
               separated
               from
               the
               Court
               ,
               under
               the
               Conqueror
               .
               Roger
               Chancellor
               ,
               1107.
               and
               under
               
                 K.
                 Stephen
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1136.
                 
                 John
                 Waltham
              
               Master
               of
               the
               Rools
               ,
               Keeper
               of
               the
               Privy
               Seal
               ,
               and
               after
               Treasurer
               of
               England
               under
               Richard
               the
               II.
               
                 Nicolas
                 Bubwith
              
               Treasurer
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1407.
                 
                 William
                 Ayscoth
              
               Clerk
               of
               the
               Counsel
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1438.
              
               
            
          
           
             
             
               BATH
               and
               WELLS
               .
            
             
               
                 Robert
                 Burnet
              
               first
               Lord
               Treasurer
               then
               Chancellour
               of
               England
               ,
               and
               always
               of
               the
               Council
               under
               Edw.
               I.
               
                 John
                 Drokensford
              
               Keeper
               of
               the
               
                 Wardrope
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 1309.
                 
                 Robert
                 Stillington
              
               first
               Keeper
               of
               the
               Privy
               Seal
               ,
               then
               Chancellour
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1465.
                 
                 Oliver
                 King
              
               Principal
               Secretary
               of
               State
               ,
               1492.
               
               
                 John
                 Clark
              
               Master
               of
               the
               Rolls
               ,
               
                 A.
                 D.
                 1523.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               EXETER
               .
            
             
               Leofricus
               first
               one
               of
               the
               Privy
               Counsel
               ,
               then
               Chancellour
               of
               England
               ,
               under
               the
               Conqueror
               ,
               though
               Sir
               
                 Henry
                 Spelman
              
               reckons
               him
               of
               Bath
               at
               that
               time
               ,
               and
               possibly
               he
               might
               be
               of
               both
               .
               
                 William
                 Brewster
              
               of
               the
               Privy
               Counsel
               under
               Henry
               the
               3.
               
               
                 Walter
                 Stapledon
              
               Founder
               of
               Exon
               Colledge
               Oxon
               first
               of
               the
               Privy
               Counsel
               ,
               then
               Treasurer
               under
               
                 Edw.
                 2.
                 
                 John
                 Grandesson
              
               Privy
               Counsellor
               to
               
                 Edw.
                 3.
                 
                 John
                 Voysey
              
               Lord
               President
               of
               Wales
               under
               
                 Hen.
                 8.
                 
                 Gervase
                 Babington
              
               Vice
               Precident
               of
               
                 Wales
                 ,
                 A.
                 1597.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               NORWICH
               .
            
             
               
                 Hen.
                 2.
              
               by
               a
               special
               Commission
               makes
               the
               Bishops
               of
               
                 Norwich
                 ,
                 Winchester
              
               ,
               and
               Ely
               ,
               Lord
               Chief
               Justices
               of
               England
               in
               my
               Authors
               words
               ,
               
                 Radalphus
                 de
                 Diceto
                 ,
                 Archi
                 Justitiarios
                 Angliae
                 ,
              
               who
               there
               adds
               ,
               Clergymen
               were
               pitched
               upon
               by
               the
               Kings
               for
               this
               employment
               ,
               rather
               than
               others
               ,
               for
               that
               they
               were
               the
               likeliest
               persons
               not
               to
               oppress
               the
               poor
               ,
               nor
               to
               respect
               the
               face
               of
               the
               Rich.
               
                 John
                 Salmon
              
               Chancellour
               ,
               
                 A.
                 D.
                 1319.
                 
                 Robert
                 Baldock
              
               Chancellour
               ,
               
                 An.
                 Dom.
                 1324.
                 
                 John
                 Wakering
              
               Lord
               Keeper
               of
               the
               Privy
               Seal
               ,
               
                 A.
                 D.
                 1416.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               HEREFORD
               .
            
             
               
                 Thomas
                 Cantelupe
              
               Chancellour
               ,
               
                 A.
                 D.
                 1275.
                 
                 Thomas
                 Charlton
              
               Lord
               Treasurer
               ,
               1329.
               
               
                 John
                 Gilbert
              
               in
               the
               same
               employment
               ,
               1386.
               
               
                 Thomas
                 Melling
              
               of
               the
               Privy
               Counsel
               to
               
                 Edw.
                 4.
                 
                 Charles
                 Booth
              
               Chancellour
               of
               the
               Marches
               of
               
                 Wales
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1517.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               WORCESTER
               .
            
             
               
                 Galfridus
                 Giffard
              
               Lord
               Chancellour
               of
               
                 England
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1267.
                 
                 Walter
                 Reynold
              
               first
               Treasurer
               then
               Chancellour
               of
               England
               under
               King
               
                 Edw.
                 2.
                 
                 John
                 Bar●●s
              
               Lord
               Treasurer
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1362.
                 
                 Henry
                 Wakefield
              
               Treasurer
               ,
               
                 An.
                 Dom.
                 1376.
                 
                 Nicholas
                 Heath
              
               Lord
               President
               of
               Wales
               and
               Chancellor
               of
               England
               under
               Queen
               Mary
               .
            
          
           
             
               CHICHESTER
               .
            
             
               
                 Ralph
                 Nevil
              
               Chancellor
               of
               
                 England
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1222.
              
               
               But
               Sir
               
                 Henry
                 Spelman
              
               reckons
               it
               1226.
               who
               saith
               he
               was
               appointed
               to
               that
               Employment
               by
               Parliament
               .
               
                 John
                 de
                 Langton
              
               Chancellor
               under
               
                 Edw.
                 1.
              
               and
               2.
               
               
                 John
                 Stratford
              
               Lord
               Chancellor
               
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1360.
                 
                 Adam
                 Molins
              
               Clerk
               of
               the
               Privy
               Council
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1451.
              
               
               And
               that
               very
               Learned
               Prelate
               and
               industrious
               Preacher
               
                 Lancelot
                 Andrews
              
               Privy
               Councellor
               of
               England
               and
               Scotland
               ,
               under
               a
               Prince
               who
               knew
               the
               worth
               of
               Learning
               ,
               and
               advanced
               it
               accordingly
               .
            
          
           
             
               ROCHESTER
               .
            
             
               
                 Walter
                 de
                 Merton
              
               Founder
               of
               that
               Colledge
               that
               bears
               his
               name
               in
               Oxon
               ,
               Lord
               Chancellor
               of
               
                 England
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1274.
                 
                 John
                 de
                 Shepey
              
               Lord
               Treasurer
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1358.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               OXFORD
               .
            
             
               
                 Hugh
                 Curwyn
              
               Lord
               Chancellor
               of
               Ireland
               .
            
          
           
             
               St.
               DAVIDS
               .
            
             
               
                 Adam
                 de
                 Houghton
              
               Lord
               Chancellor
               of
               
                 England
                 ,
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1376.
                 
                 Lindwood
              
               the
               famous
               Canonist
               Lord
               Keeper
               of
               the
               Privy
               Seal
               ,
               
                 Ann.
                 Dom.
                 1440
              
               ,
               and
               a
               person
               much
               employed
               in
               Embassies
               to
               the
               King
               of
               
                 Spain
                 ,
                 Portugal
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               
            
          
           
             
               I
               might
               here
               add
               several
               Deans
               and
               Arch-Deacons
               promoted
               to
               the
               same
               and
               like
               Dignities
               ,
               and
               with
               industrious
               Mr.
               Stow
               ,
               take
               notice
               that
               till
               the
               dissolution
               of
               Abbies
               and
               Monasteries
               ,
               the
               Prior
               of
               
                 Christ
                 Church
              
               in
               London
               was
               ever
               a
               Member
               of
               the
               Court
               of
               Aldermen
               ;
               and
               that
               the
               Dean
               of
               Westminster
               is
               by
               his
               Charter
               allowed
               no
               small
               interest
               in
               the
               Government
               of
               that
               Neighbouring
               City
               .
               But
               I
               shall
               not
               nauseate
               the
               Reader
               any
               longer
               with
               the
               repetition
               of
               any
               more
               antient
               names
               ,
               but
               observe
               (
               as
               others
               have
               done
               before
               me
               )
               that
               in
               the
               Catalogue
               of
               Chancellors
               Recorded
               in
               
                 Spelmans
                 Glossery
              
               ,
               amounting
               to
               about
               170
               ,
               near
               a
               100
               of
               them
               were
               Clergymen
               ,
               more
               than
               all
               the
               other
               Professions
               put
               together
               can
               make
               up
               .
            
             
               These
               then
               are
               the
               Honours
               which
               (
               if
               any
               humane
               Testimony
               can
               make
               a
               thing
               certain
               by
               an
               uninterrupted
               Custome
               (
               equal
               to
               Law
               )
               which
               Wise
               Antiquity
               in
               the
               best
               of
               times
               gave
               them
               ,
               through
               all
               the
               
                 Saxon
                 ,
                 Danes
              
               ,
               and
               Norman
               times
               ,
               without
               Controul
               and
               Dispute
               till
               within
               these
               40
               years
               or
               thereabout
               ,
               since
               which
               England
               hath
               groaned
               under
               the
               very
               great
               sin
               of
               Dispiseing
               the
               Embassadors
               of
               Christ
               ,
               and
               with
               some
               
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 no
                 small
                 step
                 to
                 preferment
                 to
                 rail
                 at
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 murmure
                 at
                 ,
                 and
                 decry
                 their
                 advancements
                 for
                 secular
                 ends
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 ,
                 yea
                 to
                 rank
                 the
                 great
                 Trustees
                 of
                 Souls
                 with
                 the
                 vilest
                 Peasants
                 in
                 the
                 Nation
              
               ;
               as
               if
               there
               were
               no
               better
               way
               to
               shew
               their
               Love
               to
               their
               Redeemer
               ,
               and
               their
               own
               Christianity
               ,
               than
               by
               hatred
               to
               his
               Servants
               who
               conveyed
               it
               to
               them
               ;
               as
               if
               men
               had
               no
               other
               way
               to
               manifest
               their
               respects
               to
               the
               
                 Majesty
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 God
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 powring
                 out
                 contempt
                 and
                 obloquy
                 upon
                 those
                 who
                 represent
                 his
                 Person
                 .
              
               And
               thus
               Corah
               and
               his
               accomplices
               great
               complaint
               and
               grievance
               against
               Moses
               and
               Aaron
               was
               ,
               That
               they
               were
               too
               high
               ,
               took
               too
               much
               upon
               them
               ,
               
                 Numb
                 .
                 16.
              
               
               They
               were
               advanced
               and
               honoured
               above
               the
               rest
               ,
               this
               was
               the
               main
               Eye-sore
               ,
               but
               the
               revengeing
               hand
               of
               God
               would
               not
               then
               bear
               it
               .
               Nay
               have
               we
               not
               here
               in
               England
               dureing
               our
               late
               and
               unhappy
               troubles
               ,
               heard
               such
               Language
               as
               this
               (
               nay
               have
               we
               not
               seen
               the
               thing
               reduced
               into
               practise
               ?
               )
               
                 All
                 the
                 Congregation
                 is
                 Holy
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 may
                 Preach
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 another
                 :
              
               Thus
               would
               these
               Sons
               of
               
               Confusion
               have
               brought
               upon
               us
               a
               
                 Munster
                 Confusion
                 and
                 Disorder
              
               ,
               by
               taking
               away
               the
               
                 Distinctions
                 of
                 Callings
              
               .
               The
               Wise
               God
               (
               we
               know
               )
               appointed
               it
               otherwise
               under
               the
               Old
               Testament
               ,
               when
               every
               one
               we
               know
               was
               not
               admitted
               to
               the
               Priesthood
               .
               We
               cannot
               but
               think
               ,
               that
               there
               were
               1000
               in
               Israel
               who
               knew
               
                 how
                 to
                 kill
                 ,
                 slay
                 ,
                 and
                 dress
                 a
                 Sheep
                 ,
                 Ox
                 ,
                 or
                 Goat
                 ,
                 as
                 artificially
                 as
                 the
                 Sons
                 of
              
               Levi
               ,
               
                 yet
                 none
                 ever
                 attempted
                 it
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 the
                 Altar
                 without
                 a
                 severe
                 rebuke
                 .
              
               And
               was
               Moses
               a
               more
               Prudent
               Lawgiver
               or
               Steward
               of
               Gods
               house
               than
               Jesus
               Christ
               
                 the
                 Wisdom
                 of
                 the
                 Father
              
               ?
               Would
               it
               be
               fuffered
               in
               humane
               Societies
               ,
               in
               any
               well
               regulated
               Corporation
               that
               every
               man
               who
               should
               conceive
               himself
               fitter
               to
               discharge
               an
               Office
               ,
               manage
               a
               Trade
               ,
               Husband
               an
               Estate
               ,
               should
               presently
               exclude
               another
               legally
               possest
               of
               it
               ,
               and
               invade
               his
               propertys
               ?
               grant
               this
               ,
               and
               farewell
               Government
               ,
               and
               welcome
               Babel
               .
               Let
               me
               say
               it
               once
               for
               all
               ,
               '
               
                 t
                 is
                 folly
                 for
                 any
                 to
                 expect
                 the
                 prosperity
                 of
                 the
                 Nation
                 ,
              
               whilst
               the
               Clergy
               of
               it
               is
               in
               Misery
               ,
               a
               Low
               and
               Despicable
               Condition
               ,
               whilst
               the
               sacred
               Function
               is
               deposed
               ,
               nay
               with
               black
               ingratitude
               revil'd
               ;
               to
               whose
               learned
               labours
               do
               we
               owe
               the
               Translation
               of
               our
               Bibles
               ,
               and
               who
               ,
               (
               as
               before
               once
               was
               intimated
               )
               under
               God
               were
               the
               principal
               Instruments
               of
               delivering
               us
               from
               that
               Egyptian
               Darkness
               our
               Forefathers
               sate
               in
               :
               Is
               not
               this
               like
               the
               Deer
               we
               Read
               of
               in
               Plutarch
               ,
               who
               browsed
               on
               that
               Bush
               in
               a
               Calm
               he
               was
               glad
               to
               creep
               under
               in
               a
               Storm
               ?
               Certainly
               they
               are
               not
               worthy
               the
               Name
               of
               Christians
               or
               Friends
               of
               the
               Gospel
               (
               whatever
               their
               pretences
               may
               be
               )
               that
               despise
               and
               vilifie
               the
               Ministry
               ,
               than
               which
               ,
               nothing
               more
               bespeaks
               a
               vile
               and
               reprobate
               Heart
               .
               We
               all
               know
               that
               under
               the
               Law
               presumptuously
               to
               rise
               against
               the
               Priest
               was
               punishable
               with
               no
               less
               than
               Death
               ,
               
                 Deut.
                 17.
              
               for
               these
               are
               the
               Embassadors
               of
               the
               King
               of
               Heaven
               ,
               and
               how
               sacred
               such
               persons
               were
               esteemed
               by
               the
               Laws
               of
               all
               Nations
               ,
               all
               Histories
               do
               abundantly
               Witness
               :
               't
               was
               the
               shame
               of
               our
               Neighbour
               Nation
               of
               Scotland
               ,
               the
               Murder
               of
               the
               late
               learned
               Prelate
               there
               ,
               and
               that
               small
               indignities
               offered
               to
               persons
               of
               his
               Rank
               have
               been
               highly
               resented
               ;
               the
               Ammonites
               are
               a
               lasting
               testimony
               in
               the
               days
               of
               King
               David
               ,
               and
               prood
               Corinth
               was
               for
               no
               other
               reason
               burnt
               to
               ashes
               by
               the
               enraged
               
                 Romans
                 ,
                 Florus
              
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             VI.
             
          
           
             
               The
               Antient
               Estate
               of
               our
               Bishops
               and
               Clergy
               under
               the
               times
               of
               the
               
                 Britains
                 ,
                 Saxons
                 ,
                 Danes
                 and
                 Normans
                 .
              
            
          
           
             VVHat
             incouragement
             the
             Clergy
             found
             in
             the
             times
             of
             the
             Britons
             will
             appear
             to
             have
             been
             very
             great
             if
             we
             will
             but
             read
             Arch
             Bishop
             
               Usher
               de
               Primordiis
               Ecclesiae
               Britanicae
            
             ,
             through
             the
             Series
             and
             Succession
             of
             Kings
             ,
             who
             when
             Converted
             to
             the
             Christian
             Faith
             ,
             were
             not
             scanty
             in
             Conferring
             Honours
             and
             Riches
             upon
             them
             :
             See
             him
             in
             his
             Sixth
             Chapter
             under
             these
             Respective
             Heads
             ,
             
               Antiquitatis
               Glastoniensis
               Ecclesiae
               assertio
               &
               nova
               ab
               Ina
               rege
               instauratio
               .
               Privilegia
               varia
               eidem
               a
               Saxonibus
               Regibus
               .
               Arthur
               .
               donatio
               &
               Sepulchri
               inventio
               ,
            
             Hen.
             2.
             
             &
             Edw.
             3.
             
             
               Diplomata
               .
               Possesiones
               &
               libertates
               Ecclesiis
               a
               Lucio
               Rege
               Tributae
               .
               Wintoniensis
               Ecclesiae
               libertates
               &
               Antiquitates
               .
               Fundatio
               Ecclesiae
               Sancti
               Petri
               Westmonasteriensis
               .
               B.
               Marcae
               Doveriensis
               &
               Sancti
               Martini
               Cantuariensis
               .
            
             Afterwards
             in
             his
             7th
             Chapter
             ,
             
               De
               pace
               Britanici
               Ecclesiis
               post
               caeptam
               persecutionem
               Constantio
               Chloro
               ,
               
               Aug.
               Constant
               .
               M.
               patre
               restituta
               .
            
             And
             afterwards
             in
             his
             8th
             Chapter
             of
             the
             British
             Bishops
             ,
             
               Qui
               variis
               consiliis
               interfuerunt
               ,
               Concilio
               Arelatensi
               ,
               Sardicensi
               &
               Ariminenst
            
             ;
             where
             any
             persons
             may
             receive
             satisfaction
             of
             the
             Clergy
             Honour
             in
             those
             first
             British
             times
             .
             In
             the
             times
             of
             the
             Saxons
             what
             their
             immunities
             were
             will
             appear
             if
             we
             instance
             in
             but
             one
             single
             one
             ,
             as
             more
             eminent
             and
             glorious
             than
             the
             rest
             
               (
               viz.
            
             )
             Their
             Admission
             to
             all
             Publick
             Debates
             and
             Assemblies
             .
             Such
             were
             (
             1
             )
             their
             
               Scire
               Gemotis
            
             ,
             which
             Spelman
             and
             other
             Learned
             Antiquaries
             resemble
             to
             our
             Country
             Courts
             ,
             and
             Sheriffs
             turn
             in
             which
             all
             causes
             both
             Criminal
             and
             Civil
             ,
             concerning
             Church
             or
             State
             were
             handled
             ;
             the
             persons
             bound
             to
             be
             present
             were
             the
             Sheriff
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             and
             all
             the
             Nobles
             of
             the
             County
             ;
             till
             at
             last
             upon
             their
             humble
             Petition
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             the
             Clergy
             were
             dispensed
             with
             by
             the
             Statute
             of
             
               Marleborough
               ,
               52
               Edw.
               3.
            
             unless
             urgent
             necessity
             required
             it
             .
             Secondly
             ,
             their
             
               Folk
               Gemotts
            
             a
             kind
             of
             Annual
             Parliament
             commonly
             held
             in
             the
             beginning
             of
             May
             ,
             in
             which
             the
             Princes
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             Magistrates
             ,
             and
             the
             Laity
             took
             the
             Oath
             of
             Allegiance
             ,
             and
             confirmed
             their
             mutual
             Union
             before
             the
             Bishops
             .
             The
             Original
             of
             this
             is
             intimated
             to
             be
             as
             high
             as
             King
             
               Arthur
               ,
               Vid.
               Leg.
               Edw.
               Confess
               .
               35.
               
            
             Thirdly
             ,
             their
             
               Wittena
               Gemotts
            
             ,
             or
             
               Michel
               Synoth
            
             ,
             the
             grand
             Convention
             of
             their
             Wise
             men
             .
             These
             who
             desires
             to
             look
             farther
             into
             ,
             may
             have
             recourse
             to
             Spelmans
             laborious
             Glossary
             ,
             
               V.
               Gemot
            
             .
             Now
             out
             of
             none
             of
             these
             were
             the
             Clergy
             excluded
             ,
             but
             ever
             reckoned
             an
             eminent
             and
             principal
             part
             of
             each
             ,
             their
             Counsels
             Votes
             and
             Approbation
             demanded
             and
             given
             before
             any
             Laws
             were
             constituted
             .
          
           
             For
             Proof
             of
             this
             ,
             we
             shall
             look
             back
             above
             1000
             years
             to
             the
             Laws
             of
             King
             Ethelbert
             ,
             and
             the
             Authors
             we
             shall
             produce
             ,
             and
             on
             whose
             Authority
             we
             lean
             are
             
               Bede
               ,
               Spelman
            
             ,
             and
             Lambard
             .
             And
             as
             to
             King
             Ethelbert
             presently
             after
             the
             arrival
             of
             Austin
             the
             Monk
             here
             in
             England
             ,
             we
             find
             as
             Spelman
             hath
             it
             in
             
               Spelm.
               Conc.
               126.
            
             
             The
             King
             to
             have
             called
             a
             grand
             Assemby
             ,
             
               A.
               605.
               
               Tam
               cleri
               quam
               populi
               .
            
             In
             the
             Laws
             of
             King
             Ina
             ,
             which
             
               Florentius
               Wigorniensis
            
             dates
             ,
             
               Ann.
               Dom.
               686.
               
               Spelm.
               692.
               
               Lambert
               712.
            
             we
             find
             these
             Laws
             were
             made
             and
             wrote
             by
             the
             perswasion
             and
             advice
             of
             his
             Bishops
             Hedda
             and
             Erkenwald
             ;
             and
             though
             the
             Learned
             Spelman
             Excerps
             out
             of
             the
             body
             of
             those
             Laws
             only
             those
             which
             more
             particularly
             relate
             to
             the
             Church
             ,
             as
             being
             only
             proper
             for
             this
             design
             ,
             yet
             Lambard
             mentions
             many
             Civil
             matters
             there
             determined
             .
             And
             when
             the
             great
             League
             and
             Union
             between
             the
             
               Britons
               ,
               Saxons
            
             and
             Picts
             was
             concluded
             ,
             we
             find
             it
             Ratified
             
               per
               Commune
               Concilium
               &
               assensium
               omnium
               Episcoporum
               ,
               Procerum
               ,
               Comitum
               &
               omnium
               sapientum
               seniorum
            
             &
             populorum
             &
             
               per
               preceptum
               regis
               Inae
            
             .
             The
             very
             manner
             of
             our
             passing
             Laws
             in
             Parliament
             now
             used
             in
             
               England
               ,
               Bed.
               Eccles
               .
               Histor
               .
               l.
               1.
               
            
             In
             the
             Laws
             of
             King
             Athelstan
             about
             the
             year
             924.
             
             
               (
               Spelm.
               922
            
             )
             there
             's
             no
             mention
             of
             any
             other
             Counsellors
             for
             the
             enacting
             ,
             though
             certainly
             the
             form
             was
             the
             same
             ,
             but
             his
             
               Arch
               Bishop
               Ufhelme
            
             and
             his
             other
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             these
             were
             at
             least
             the
             prime
             persons
             there
             ,
             though
             the
             Body
             of
             the
             Laws
             concern
             secular
             affairs
             .
             Spelman
             selecting
             only
             Ecclesiastical
             ,
             yet
             in
             the
             Title
             he
             owns
             others
             passed
             .
             In
             the
             Laws
             of
             
               K.
               Edmund
            
             about
             946.
             the
             King
             had
             a
             full
             meeting
             of
             Ecclesiasticks
             ,
             and
             Laicks
             at
             London
             ,
             in
             which
             were
             present
             Odo
             and
             Wulstan
             the
             Arch
             Bishops
             ,
             none
             of
             the
             rest
             though
             without
             doubt
             there
             present
             once
             named
             .
             Again
             948.
             to
             a
             great
             Convention
             of
             the
             Estates
             at
             London
             under
             Edred
             ,
             Writs
             of
             Summons
             are
             issued
             out
             to
             the
             
               Arch
               Bishops
            
             and
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             yet
             their
             
               agitur
               de
               negotiis
               Regni
               ,
               Ingulph
               .
               p.
               87.
               
               Spel.
               Conc.
            
             p.
             428.
             
             Come
             we
             to
             the
             
               Danes
               ,
               1021.
            
             we
             find
             a
             Publick
             Assembly
             called
             at
             Winchester
             by
             Canutus
             ,
             where
             were
             present
             Wulstan
             and
             Adelholme
             the
             Arch
             Bishops
             
             with
             other
             Bishops
             Dukes
             and
             Earls
             ,
             
               &c.
               Spelm.
               Conc.
               p.
               534.
            
             
             Now
             dureing
             these
             two
             Periods
             there
             's
             no
             mention
             of
             Baronies
             ,
             but
             all
             the
             Churches
             tenure
             was
             in
             
               Pura
               Eleemosyna
               ,
               Frank
               Almoigne
            
             and
             the
             Bishops
             sate
             onely
             as
             eminent
             Prelates
             by
             vertue
             of
             their
             Spiritual
             Dignities
             ;
             for
             there
             being
             hardly
             any
             Laws
             but
             some
             way
             or
             other
             concerning
             Religion
             ,
             and
             the
             good
             of
             Souls
             :
             therefore
             in
             the
             enacting
             of
             them
             the
             Cergy
             was
             ever
             required
             by
             our
             Prudent
             Ancestors
             .
             Thus
             much
             for
             the
             Grand
             Assemblys
             ,
             stiled
             usually
             by
             the
             Learned
             Knight
             Sir
             
               Henry
               Spelman
               Pan
               Anglica
            
             and
             
               Pan
               Britanica
            
             .
             We
             will
             only
             mention
             the
             Private
             Statute
             of
             King
             Edgar
             which
             was
             thus
             ,
             
               ex
               omni
               comitatu
               bis
               quotannis
               conventus
               agitur
               cui
               quidem
               illius
               Diocaesae
               Episcopus
               &
               Senator
               intersunto
               ,
               quorum
               alter
               jura
               divina
               alter
               populum
               edoceto
               .
            
             Nor
             doth
             Mr.
             Selden
             no
             friend
             of
             the
             Clergy
             ever
             deny
             or
             question
             but
             the
             Bishop
             was
             joyned
             in
             Commission
             with
             the
             Aarlderman
             ,
             nay
             he
             expresly
             affirms
             the
             same
             Titles
             of
             Honour
             ,
             
               l.
               2.
               c.
               5.
            
             
             Hitherto
             of
             the
             
               British
               ,
               Saxon
               ,
               Danish
            
             Governments
             ,
             pass
             we
             down
             to
             the
             Normans
             ,
             and
             here
             we
             have
             King
             William
             solemnly
             with
             an
             Oath
             ratifying
             the
             Laws
             of
             St.
             Edw.
             the
             Confessor
             ,
             and
             this
             particularly
             is
             added
             .
             
               Si
               quis
               sanctae
               Ecclesiae
               pacem
               infregerit
               Episcoporum
               est
               Justitia
               ,
               Lambard
               ,
               p.
               139.
               
            
             And
             in
             several
             Old
             Precidents
             of
             Grants
             such
             Clauses
             as
             these
             Occur
             ,
             
               Nolumus
               quod
               libertas
               Ecclesiae
               per
               nos
               vel
               ministros
               nostros
               quoscunque
               aliqualiter
               violetur
               &
               jura
               &
               ilbertates
               Ecclesiasticas
               illaesas
               volentes
               in
               omnibus
               observari
               .
            
             Yet
             more
             particularly
             in
             a
             Charter
             to
             the
             Church
             of
             St.
             Pauls
             in
             
               London
               ,
               Tam
               liberam
               volumus
               Ecclesiam
               ,
               D.
               Pauli
               London
               ,
               quam
               sit
               anima
               mea
               in
               die
               Judicii
               .
            
          
           
             And
             here
             now
             at
             last
             we
             come
             to
             that
             great
             change
             in
             the
             State
             Ecclesiastick
             ,
             the
             Bishops
             who
             had
             ever
             enjoyed
             the
             privileges
             of
             
               Majores
               Thani
            
             among
             the
             Saxons
             are
             translated
             to
             Barons
             ,
             which
             gave
             occasion
             to
             that
             groundless
             error
             of
             some
             ,
             to
             date
             the
             first
             sitting
             in
             Parliament
             hence
             ,
             as
             if
             the
             Conquerour
             to
             curry
             favour
             with
             the
             Clergy
             ,
             and
             the
             better
             to
             settle
             his
             new
             gotten
             Kingdom
             ,
             confered
             this
             Honour
             upon
             them
             ;
             But
             certainly
             if
             there
             were
             truth
             in
             this
             ,
             the
             Clergy
             are
             much
             to
             blaim
             ,
             and
             very
             ungrateful
             to
             their
             Patron
             
               K.
               William
            
             ,
             for
             that
             we
             find
             them
             loosers
             by
             his
             favours
             ,
             and
             looked
             upon
             their
             Condition
             under
             him
             much
             worse
             than
             before
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Writers
             of
             that
             Age
             must
             be
             corrected
             for
             representing
             him
             ,
             as
             a
             perfect
             Enemy
             of
             the
             Church
             .
             To
             clear
             up
             this
             we
             will
             only
             give
             you
             one
             Instance
             ,
             cited
             from
             an
             Old
             Record
             ,
             Entituled
             ,
             
               Liber
               Sancti
               Albani
            
             .
             Where
             we
             read
             this
             Passage
             of
             Frederick
             the
             then
             Abbot
             of
             St.
             Albans
             ,
             that
             to
             obstruct
             the
             March
             of
             the
             Conquerour
             ,
             he
             caused
             all
             the
             Trees
             round
             to
             be
             cut
             ,
             and
             laid
             them
             cross
             the
             ways
             ,
             wherewith
             the
             Conquerour
             being
             stopt
             in
             his
             march
             sent
             in
             some
             passion
             for
             the
             Abbot
             ,
             who
             under
             his
             security
             coming
             to
             him
             ,
             the
             Conquerour
             demands
             the
             Reason
             for
             the
             cutting
             down
             the
             Woods
             ,
             the
             Abbot
             resolutely
             answers
             him
             ,
             that
             I
             have
             done
             ,
             but
             what
             became
             me
             ,
             and
             if
             all
             the
             
               Spiritual
               Persons
            
             through
             the
             Kingdom
             had
             used
             their
             Endeavours
             against
             thee
             ,
             as
             they
             might
             and
             were
             in
             duty
             bound
             to
             have
             done
             ,
             Thou
             wouldst
             never
             have
             been
             able
             to
             have
             entered
             the
             Land
             thus
             far
             .
             The
             Duke
             then
             replying
             ,
             
               Is
               the
               Spiritualty
               of
               England
               of
               such
               Power
               ?
               if
               I
               live
               and
               enjoy
               that
               ,
               which
               I
               have
               gotten
               ,
               I
               will
               make
               their
               Power
               less
               .
            
             Add
             to
             this
             that
             stategem
             of
             the
             Kentishmen
             in
             surrounding
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             forcing
             him
             to
             a
             Composition
             ,
             which
             they
             did
             under
             the
             Conduct
             of
             Stigand
             their
             Arch-Bishop
             ,
             which
             thing
             ever
             after
             netled
             him
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             was
             never
             heartily
             reconciled
             to
             the
             Church
             .
             and
             proved
             afterwards
             as
             good
             as
             his
             word
             to
             the
             Abbot
             ,
             oppressing
             the
             Clergy
             all
             his
             Reign
             ,
             bringing
             them
             under
             Knights-Service
             ,
             and
             Ordering
             how
             many
             Souldiers
             each
             Bishop
             should
             maintain
             for
             him
             and
             his
             Successors
             :
             the
             Church
             ,
             as
             beforesaid
             ,
             being
             ever
             
             free
             from
             that
             bondage
             .
             Let
             no
             Man
             then
             say
             ,
             that
             the
             Conqueror
             (
             who
             was
             ever
             look'd
             upon
             by
             the
             Bishops
             as
             their
             Enemy
             )
             did
             them
             any
             Acts
             of
             Grace
             or
             Havour
             by
             erecting
             each
             Bishoprick
             into
             a
             Barony
             ,
             which
             thing
             was
             ever
             by
             the
             Bishops
             look'd
             upon
             as
             a
             grievance
             ,
             and
             a
             more
             glorious
             piece
             of
             slavery
             .
             This
             was
             in
             deed
             a
             shrew'd
             shaking
             to
             the
             Bishops
             ,
             yet
             still
             they
             preserv'd
             their
             Votes
             in
             all
             Assembli●s
             ,
             and
             Parliamentary
             Summons
             are
             ever
             directed
             
               Archiep.
               Ep.
               &c
            
             :
             all
             antient
             Charters
             and
             Grants
             subscribed
             after
             the
             usual
             Form
             in
             those
             times
             ,
             
               Testibus
               Archiep.
               Ep.
            
             In
             a
             Treatise
             Entituled
             ,
             
               The
               Form
               and
               Mannor
               of
               keeping
               Parliaments
               ,
            
             whereof
             it
             seems
             there
             are
             two
             very
             antient
             Copies
             ,
             the
             M.
             S.
             in
             
               Arch
               Bods
            
             ,
             the
             other
             in
             Sr.
             
               Rober
               Cottons
            
             Library
             ,
             the
             first
             of
             which
             was
             perused
             by
             Mr.
             Selden
             ,
             and
             he
             allows
             it
             to
             be
             as
             long
             standing
             ,
             as
             
               Edw.
               3d.
            
             but
             the
             Lord
             Chief
             Justice
             Cooke
             adds
             near
             200
             years
             more
             ,
             and
             raises
             it
             to
             the
             
             Conqueror's
             time
             (
             which
             the
             Title
             indeed
             pleads
             for
             )
             we
             are
             here
             told
             ,
             that
             40
             days
             before
             Summons
             are
             to
             be
             issued
             out
             to
             the
             
               Archbishops
               ,
               Bishops
            
             ,
             and
             other
             great
             Clarks
             ,
             that
             held
             by
             County
             or
             Barony
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Clergy
             in
             each
             Shire
             are
             to
             have
             Two
             Proctors
             representing
             them
             ,
             which
             in
             some
             things
             had
             more
             Power
             than
             the
             Bishops
             ,
             for
             we
             are
             there
             informed
             ,
             that
             the
             K.
             may
             hold
             a
             Parliament
             for
             the
             Commonalty
             of
             the
             Realm
             ,
             without
             
               Bishops
               ,
               Earls
            
             ,
             or
             Barons
             ,
             so
             they
             had
             summons
             ,
             though
             they
             come
             not
             ,
             but
             on
             the
             cottrary
             ,
             if
             the
             Commonalty
             of
             the
             Clergy
             and
             Temporalty
             being
             warned
             ,
             either
             doth
             not
             ,
             or
             will
             not
             come
             ,
             in
             this
             Case
             whatever
             the
             King
             doth
             with
             his
             
               Bishops
               ,
               Earls
            
             and
             Barons
             is
             of
             none
             effect
             ,
             for
             that
             to
             all
             
               Acts
               of
               Necessity
            
             the
             Commonalty
             of
             Parliament
             must
             consent
             ,
             i.
             e.
             the
             Proctors
             of
             the
             
               Clergy
               ,
               Knights
            
             of
             the
             
               Shire
               ,
               Citizens
            
             and
             Burgess●s
             ,
             for
             their
             Persons
             represent
             the
             Commonalty
             of
             England
             ,
             but
             the
             
               Bishops
               ,
               Earls
            
             ,
             and
             Barons
             represent
             only
             their
             own
             Persons
             .
             There
             is
             ,
             they
             say
             ,
             another
             M.
             S.
             in
             
               Bibl.
               Cotton
            
             ,
             confirming
             the
             same
             ,
             and
             citing
             other
             large
             Priviledges
             of
             the
             Clergy
             ,
             I
             know
             indeed
             Mr.
             Prinne
             hath
             questioned
             the
             Authority
             of
             both
             these
             books
             ,
             in
             Bar
             of
             which
             I
             return
             the
             Authority
             of
             Cooke
             and
             Selden
             ,
             and
             particularly
             the
             first
             ,
             who
             saith
             ,
             in
             his
             Institutes
             ,
             that
             26
             Spiritual
             persons
             ought
             
               ex
               debito
               Justitiae
            
             ,
             to
             have
             a
             Writ
             of
             Summons
             sent
             them
             every
             Parliament
             .
             These
             things
             premised
             ,
             we
             will
             now
             desire
             of
             the
             Clergies
             greatest
             adversary
             that
             he
             would
             produce
             instances
             of
             any
             solemn
             meetings
             ,
             
               Wittena
               gemots
            
             or
             Parliaments
             whereunto
             the
             Clergy
             were
             not
             summoned
             ;
             any
             Statutes
             publickly
             enacted
             during
             all
             the
             Christian
             
               British
               ,
               Saxon
               ,
               Danish
            
             ,
             or
             Norman
             times
             ,
             without
             their
             assistance
             and
             advice
             .
             As
             for
             the
             precedent
             of
             their
             Exclusion
             under
             
               Edw.
               1.
            
             at
             the
             Parliament
             held
             at
             St.
             Edmondsbury
             ,
             which
             some
             triumph
             in
             ,
             if
             there
             be
             any
             truth
             in
             the
             Narrative
             (
             as
             hath
             been
             ,
             and
             is
             still
             ,
             questioned
             )
             we
             know
             ,
             and
             can
             prove
             ,
             't
             was
             done
             in
             a
             pett
             and
             transport
             of
             Royal
             displeasure
             for
             their
             too
             obstinate
             adhering
             to
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Rome
             in
             the
             Scottish
             quarrel
             ,
             and
             for
             their
             noncompliance
             with
             their
             Kings
             demands
             .
             Who
             yet
             the
             very
             next
             Parliament
             ,
             about
             a
             year
             after
             ,
             makes
             an
             Apology
             for
             this
             charging
             all
             upon
             the
             Exigencies
             of
             his
             affairs
             .
             And
             why
             should
             this
             single
             instance
             so
             circumstantiated
             be
             urged
             more
             against
             the
             Clergy
             than
             that
             other
             is
             against
             the
             Lawyers
             who
             were
             shut
             out
             of
             a
             Parliament
             under
             Henr.
             IV.
             where
             we
             yet
             find
             the
             Bishops
             and
             amongst
             others
             ,
             
               Thomas
               Arundel
            
             stoutly
             resisting
             and
             preserving
             the
             Clergies
             Temporalities
             ,
             which
             these
             Church-robbers
             gaped
             after
             ,
             who
             ,
             so
             they
             might
             
               spare
               their
               own
               Purses
               were
               content
               to
               spoil
               their
               God
               to
               relieve
               their
               King.
            
             Certainly
             if
             envy
             it self
             could
             have
             found
             the
             least
             colour
             of
             Law
             to
             deny
             them
             this
             privilege
             it
             had
             never
             been
             reserved
             for
             this
             last
             ,
             and
             our
             most
             unhappy
             age
             .
             Many
             times
             have
             they
             been
             struck
             at
             ,
             many
             great
             blows
             have
             they
             received
             ,
             
             as
             at
             Clarendon
             ,
             under
             Henr.
             II.
             where
             their
             wings
             were
             indeed
             much
             clipt
             ,
             yet
             their
             privilege
             of
             sitting
             and
             voting
             in
             Parliament
             is
             left
             entire
             to
             to
             them
             for
             that
             the
             words
             are
             
               Episcopi
               intersint
               Curiae
               Domini
               Regis
               cum
               Baronibus
               quousque
               perveniatur
               ad
               diminutionem
               membrorum
               vel
               mortem
               ,
            
             and
             though
             they
             never
             voted
             of
             late
             in
             Capital
             Causes
             ,
             yet
             that
             they
             however
             made
             their
             Proxies
             I
             hope
             shall
             be
             made
             appear
             by
             what
             follows
             ,
             together
             with
             their
             forbearing
             to
             vote
             in
             Capital
             Causes
             ,
             and
             the
             reason
             of
             it
             shall
             be
             farther
             discoursed
             of
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             VII
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Estate
               of
               the
               Bishops
               and
               Clergy
               from
               the
               Conquest
               (
               as
               to
               their
               Voting
               in
               Capital
               Causes
               in
               Parliament
               )
               till
               the
               times
               of
               King
               
                 Henr.
                 VIII
              
               .
            
          
           
             VVE
             have
             before
             intimated
             the
             common
             usages
             and
             rights
             of
             the
             Bishops
             to
             sit
             and
             vote
             in
             Parliaments
             in
             all
             antient
             times
             ,
             and
             that
             as
             Peers
             and
             Barons
             of
             the
             Realm
             ,
             we
             now
             aver
             they
             have
             a
             Power
             to
             sit
             and
             vote
             in
             all
             ,
             as
             well
             Criminal
             as
             otherwise
             ,
             either
             by
             themselves
             or
             Proxies
             lawfully
             constituted
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             privilege
             of
             the
             Peerage
             ,
             and
             therefore
             ,
             belongs
             to
             the
             Bishops
             as
             such
             ,
             't
             is
             very
             well
             known
             what
             Mr.
             Selden
             hath
             wrote
             in
             his
             Book
             of
             
               The
               Privileges
               of
               the
               Peerage
               of
            
             England
             ,
             that
             the
             Bishops
             was
             debarred
             of
             their
             privileges
             by
             an
             Act
             of
             Parliament
             17
             Car.
             I.
             
               Ann.
               1641.
            
             and
             that
             he
             was
             a
             great
             notorious
             stickler
             in
             it
             ,
             but
             't
             is
             as
             notorious
             that
             not
             long
             after
             we
             find
             the
             Commons
             ,
             nay
             a
             small
             and
             inconsiderable
             part
             of
             that
             House
             ,
             voting
             the
             Temporal
             Lords
             useless
             and
             dangerous
             ,
             and
             that
             how
             they
             were
             enabled
             by
             being
             assisted
             by
             the
             help
             of
             Cromwell
             the
             late
             Usurper
             ,
             and
             the
             Army
             ,
             to
             accomplish
             what
             they
             had
             begun
             ,
             and
             the
             bad
             consequence
             of
             all
             we
             have
             seen
             with
             our
             eyes
             ,
             and
             Bishops
             God
             be
             thanked
             restored
             to
             their
             undoubted
             Rights
             and
             Privileges
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             as
             much
             as
             they
             were
             equally
             Barons
             (
             nay
             the
             Bishops
             had
             usually
             the
             first
             in
             Summons
             )
             they
             have
             also
             equal
             privileges
             to
             make
             their
             Proxies
             in
             Parliament
             as
             the
             Temporal
             Barons
             had
             ,
             we
             confess
             ,
             as
             before
             ,
             for
             that
             they
             were
             Spiritual
             persons
             they
             were
             not
             by
             the
             Council
             of
             Clarendon
             to
             sit
             in
             Capital
             Causes
             ,
             and
             loss
             of
             limb
             ,
             but
             then
             we
             must
             know
             that
             long
             before
             this
             they
             both
             had
             and
             exercised
             this
             Power
             ,
             as
             may
             be
             made
             appear
             out
             of
             John
             Crampton's
             Chron.
             c.
             24.
             where
             amongst
             the
             Laws
             of
             Athelstane
             we
             read
             ,
             
               Episcopo
               jure
               pertinet
               omnem
               rectitudinem
               promovere
               Dei
            
             (
             viz.
             )
             
               &
               saeculi
               &
               debent
               Episcopi
               cum
               saeculi
               judicibus
               interesse
               judiciis
               ,
            
             and
             the
             ordering
             of
             all
             the
             Measures
             and
             Weights
             is
             there
             made
             of
             Episcopal
             cognizance
             the
             Standard
             being
             still
             left
             in
             the
             Bishops
             hands
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             Sir
             
               Henry
               Spelman's
               Glossary
               ,
               voce
               Comes
               .
               Comes
               praesidebat
               foro
               comitatus
               non
               solus
               sed
               junctus
               Episcopo
               ,
               ut
               alter
               alteri
               auxilio
               esset
               &
               consilio
               ,
               praesertim
               Episcopus
               Comiti
               nam
               in
               hunc
               illi
               animadvertere
               saepe
               licuit
               &
               errantem
               cohibere
               ,
            
             so
             much
             confidence
             did
             the
             Antients
             repose
             in
             the
             Clergy
             that
             the
             guidance
             and
             overseeing
             of
             most
             temporal
             affairs
             was
             entrusted
             to
             them
             ,
             nay
             ,
             they
             had
             a
             check
             upon
             the
             Laity
             .
             And
             thus
             lovingly
             with
             all
             sweetness
             and
             candor
             for
             4
             or
             500
             years
             ,
             during
             all
             the
             Saxons
             times
             and
             till
             that
             unhappy
             division
             by
             the
             Conquerour
             ,
             who
             defaced
             this
             beautiful
             and
             regular
             composure
             did
             the
             Church
             and
             State-Officers
             sit
             together
             in
             the
             
             morning
             determining
             Ecclesiastical
             affairs
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             afternoon
             Civil
             .
             There
             were
             then
             no
             jars
             or
             clashings
             of
             jurisdictions
             heard
             of
             ,
             
               no
               prohihitions
               issuing
               out
               of
               one
               Court
               to
               obstruct
               the
               course
               of
               Justice
               in
               another
            
             ;
             thereby
             hampering
             the
             poor
             Client
             that
             he
             knew
             not
             which
             way
             to
             turn
             himself
             ;
             and
             I
             am
             perswaded
             there
             is
             no
             better
             expedient
             to
             prevent
             lasting
             vexatious
             suits
             ,
             and
             to
             relieve
             the
             oppressed
             ,
             than
             again
             to
             reconcile
             these
             two
             jurisdictions
             ,
             that
             according
             to
             the
             primitive
             usage
             as
             well
             Spiritual
             as
             Temporal
             Judges
             may
             be
             appointed
             in
             all
             Courts
             ,
             that
             Moses
             and
             Aaron
             may
             not
             interfere
             and
             quarrel
             ,
             but
             walk
             hand
             in
             hand
             .
             Though
             I
             know
             this
             design
             does
             not
             rellish
             with
             many
             of
             the
             
               Long
               Robe
            
             ,
             yet
             't
             is
             feared
             that
             attempting
             some
             such
             thing
             purchased
             the
             late
             Archbishop
             Laud
             no
             few
             enemies
             and
             was
             one
             especial
             cause
             of
             hastening
             his
             ruine
             :
             yet
             we
             find
             Mr.
             Selden
             a
             Lawyer
             too
             ,
             
               lib.
               2.
               de
               Synedriis
            
             ,
             proving
             that
             for
             the
             first
             4000
             years
             and
             better
             the
             Civil
             and
             Ecclesiastical
             Courts
             continued
             united
             ,
             and
             the
             first
             distinction
             proceeded
             from
             Pope
             
               Nicholas
               ,
               Gratian.
               Distinct
               .
               96.
               c.
               cum
               ad
               verum
               ,
            
             and
             that
             the
             Clergy
             do
             not
             meddle
             personally
             to
             vote
             in
             loss
             of
             life
             or
             limb
             proceeds
             from
             the
             Canons
             of
             the
             antient
             Church
             which
             forbad
             their
             presence
             in
             cases
             of
             blood
             ,
             but
             I
             hope
             that
             no
             sober
             man
             will
             hence
             argue
             that
             they
             being
             Barons
             of
             this
             Realm
             they
             must
             lose
             their
             Priviledges
             which
             belong
             to
             the
             Spiritual
             Lords
             as
             well
             as
             to
             the
             Temporal
             ;
             
               viz.
               To
               make
               Proxies
               though
               in
               Capital
               Causes
               (
               when
               by
               the
               antient
               Canons
               of
               the
               Church
               they
               are
               forbid
               to
               be
               present
               ,
               )
            
             which
             they
             have
             done
             ,
             and
             still
             have
             right
             to
             doe
             comes
             next
             to
             be
             discoursed
             of
             .
          
           
             And
             (
             first
             )
             I
             shall
             make
             use
             of
             Mr.
             
             Selden's
             authority
             ,
             though
             no
             friend
             to
             the
             Bishops
             ,
             (
             for
             reasons
             he
             best
             knew
             of
             )
             who
             expressly
             saith
             in
             his
             Book
             of
             the
             Priviledges
             of
             the
             Barons
             of
             England
             ,
             Printed
             1642.
             that
             
               omnes
               Praelati
               ,
               Magnates
            
             ,
             &c.
             has
             this
             Priviledge
             .
             Introduct
             .
             Though
             he
             says
             there
             they
             had
             lost
             it
             by
             the
             Parliament
             17
             Car.
             1.
             1641.
             
             I
             hope
             now
             they
             are
             restored
             to
             it
             again
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             before
             he
             gives
             you
             sundry
             instances
             
               Cap.
               1.
            
             these
             are
             his
             words
             §
             2.
             
             
               That
               the
               course
               of
               Elder
               time
               was
               not
               that
               Barons
               onely
               made
               Proxies
               but
               other
               men
               ,
               as
               Bishops
               ,
               and
               Parliamentary
               Abbots
               ,
               and
               Priors
               ,
               who
               gave
               their
               Letters
               usually
               to
               Parsons
               ,
               Prebendaries
               ,
               and
               Canonists
               .
               In
               the
               Parliament
               of
            
             Carlisle
             under
             Edw.
             1.
             
               the
               Bishop
               of
            
             Exeter
             
               sent
               to
               the
               Parliament
            
             Henry
             de
             Pynkney
             
               Parson
               of
            
             Houghton
             
               as
               his
               Proxy
               .
               The
               Bishop
               of
            
             Bath
             and
             Wells
             sent
             William
             of
             Cherlton
             
               a
               Canon
               of
               his
               Church
               ,
               and
               in
               like
               sort
               other
               of
               the
               Spiritualty
               of
               that
               time
               ,
               in
               the
               beginning
               of
               the
               17th
               year
               of
               King
            
             Richard
             
               the
               Second
               the
               Bishop
               of
            
             Norwich
             made
             Richard
             Corqueaux
             
               being
               then
               Deane
               of
               the
               Arches
               ,
            
             Thomas
             Hederset
             
               being
               Archdeacon
               of
            
             Sudbury
             and
             John
             Thorp
             
               Parson
               of
            
             Epingham
             
               his
               Proxies
               by
               the
               name
               of
            
             Procuratores
             sive
             Nuntii
             ,
             
               and
               in
               the
               same
               time
               the
               Bishop
               of
            
             Durham
             '
             
               s
               Proxies
               were
            
             John
             Burton
             
               Canon
               of
            
             Bewdley
             ,
             
               and
               Master
               of
               the
               Rolls
               and
            
             John
             of
             Wendlingborough
             
               Canon
               of
            
             London
             ,
             
               and
               other
               like
               in
               the
               same
               time
               .
               By
               which
               also
               that
               of
               the
               preamble
               of
               the
               Statute
               of
            
             Praemunire
             
               is
               understood
               ,
               where
               it
               is
               said
               that
               the
               advice
               of
               the
               Lords
               Spiritual
               that
               was
               present
               and
               of
               the
               Procurators
               of
               them
               that
               were
               absent
               ,
               was
               demanded
               .
               The
               like
               under
            
             Henry
             
               the
               4th
               and
               5th
               ,
               are
               found
               in
               the
               Rolls
               ,
               and
               under
            
             Henr.
             5.
             
               the
               Archbishop
               of
            
             York
             
               gives
               the
               Proxies
               to
               the
               Bishop
               of
            
             Durham
             ,
             
               and
               to
               two
               other
               Clerks
               of
               his
               Province
               .
            
             Nay
             farther
             ,
             that
             the
             Bishops
             used
             to
             give
             their
             Proxies
             in
             Cases
             of
             Attainder
             ,
             the
             said
             Mr.
             Selden
             expresly
             saith
             in
             the
             place
             forecited
             ,
             and
             also
             what
             sort
             of
             persons
             they
             used
             to
             make
             their
             Proxies
             ,
             he
             there
             likewise
             tells
             you
             ,
             adding
             withal
             this
             unhandsom
             reflexion
             ,
             
               That
               the
               Lords
               Spiritual
               had
               so
               much
               mistaken
               of
               late
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               and
               the
               Original
               of
               
               their
               own
               Honours
               by
               endeavouring
               to
               enlarge
               the
               Kingdom
               of
               Antichrist
               ,
               that
               they
               had
               now
            
             (
             he
             means
             ,
             
               A.
               D.
               42
               )
               lost
               both
               Priviledge
               and
               Vote
               in
               Parliament
               .
            
             All
             sharp
             ,
             Reply
             to
             which
             I
             shall
             purposely
             forbear
             .
             And
             secondly
             ,
             proceed
             to
             shew
             you
             express
             Precedents
             wherein
             they
             have
             Voted
             either
             Personally
             ,
             or
             by
             Proxies
             in
             Capital
             Causes
             ,
             and
             here
             I
             will
             produce
             Mr.
             Selden
             himself
             ,
             the
             Bishops
             adversary
             become
             their
             advocate
             ,
             who
             saith
             expressly
             
               p.
               125.
               lib.
               cit
            
             .
             That
             though
             in
             the
             Case
             of
             Appeal
             of
             Treason
             in
             a
             Parliament
             of
             the
             11
             of
             Richard
             the
             Second
             ,
             commenced
             by
             Thomas
             Duke
             of
             Gloucester
             and
             others
             against
             Alexander
             Archbishop
             of
             
               York
               ,
               Robert
               de
               Vere
            
             ,
             &c.
             they
             absented
             themselves
             ,
             I
             mean
             ,
             the
             whole
             Spiritualty
             in
             that
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             would
             make
             no
             Proxy
             in
             their
             room
             for
             that
             time
             ,
             yet
             afterwards
             they
             agreed
             to
             do
             it
             in
             Cases
             of
             Judgments
             of
             Death
             ,
             
               Rot
               Parl.
               2.
               
               Henr.
               4.
               
               &
               Rot.
               Parl.
               2.
               
               Henr.
               5.
               
            
             But
             he
             there
             saith
             ,
             that
             the
             first
             use
             of
             such
             Proxies
             was
             21
             
               Ric.
               2.
            
             so
             that
             we
             have
             him
             confessing
             the
             Bishops
             sitting
             in
             cases
             of
             blood
             by
             their
             Proxies
             ,
             the
             next
             authority
             I
             shall
             make
             use
             of
             ,
             is
             a
             Parliament
             Roll
             it self
             ,
             of
             that
             year
             as
             I
             find
             it
             in
             Sir
             Robert
             Cotton's
             Collections
             intituled
             as
             followeth
             .
             
               Placita
               Coronae
               coram
               Domino
               Rege
               in
               Parliamento
               suo
               apud
            
             Wegmonast
             .
             
               diae
               Lunae
               proximae
               post
               Festum
               Exaltationis
               Sanctae
               Crucis
               Anno
               regni
               Regis
            
             Ric.
             2.
             
             
               Post
               Conquestum
               21.
            
             
             The
             Roll
             it self
             you
             may
             see
             in
             the
             Tower
             among
             the
             Records
             there
             kept
             .
             It
             is
             of
             an
             Impeachment
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Arundel
             and
             Warr.
             &c.
             for
             Treason
             ,
             &c.
             the
             Articles
             were
             exhibited
             against
             him
             by
             several
             Lords
             ,
             as
             Edward
             Earl
             of
             
               Rutland
               ,
               Thomas
            
             Earl
             of
             
               Kent
               ,
               John
            
             Earl
             of
             Huntington
             ,
             &c.
             which
             the
             said
             Lords
             were
             ready
             to
             prove
             the
             Crimes
             objected
             ,
             and
             demanded
             the
             Prisoner
             to
             be
             brought
             to
             the
             Bar
             ,
             which
             the
             Lord
             Nevil
             then
             Constable
             of
             the
             Tower
             did
             ,
             and
             the
             aforesaid
             Lords
             in
             their
             own
             Persons
             appeared
             also
             .
             His
             Articles
             being
             read
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Lancaster
             Lord
             Steward
             of
             England
             by
             the
             King's
             commandment
             ,
             and
             assent
             of
             the
             Lords
             ,
             declares
             the
             whole
             matter
             .
             And
             thereupon
             the
             said
             Earl's
             answer
             to
             the
             Articles
             was
             demanded
             ,
             who
             pleaded
             two
             Pardons
             ,
             and
             prayeth
             they
             may
             be
             allowed
             ,
             but
             they
             were
             not
             ,
             whereupon
             Sir
             
               Walter
               Clopton
            
             Lord
             Chief
             Justice
             demands
             of
             him
             what
             he
             had
             farther
             to
             say
             ,
             for
             that
             if
             nothing
             more
             to
             say
             the
             Law
             would
             adjudge
             him
             guilty
             .
             And
             the
             said
             Earl
             not
             pleading
             any
             thing
             else
             ,
             the
             Lords
             Appellants
             in
             their
             proper
             persons
             require
             that
             Judgment
             may
             be
             given
             against
             the
             said
             Earl
             ,
             as
             Convict
             of
             the
             Treason
             aforesaid
             .
             
               Whereupon
               the
               Lord
               Steward
               of
            
             England
             ,
             
               by
               the
               assent
               of
               the
               King
               ,
               Bishops
               and
               Lords
               ,
               adjudged
               the
               said
               Earl
               Guilty
               and
               Convict
               of
               all
               the
               Articles
               aforesaid
               ,
               and
               thereby
               a
               Traitor
               to
               the
               King
               and
               Realm
               ,
               and
               that
               he
               should
               be
               therefore
               Hanged
               ,
               Drawn
               ,
               and
               Quartered
               ,
               and
               forfeit
               all
               his
               Lands
               in
               fee
               ,
            
             &c.
             though
             the
             Punishment
             ,
             in
             regard
             he
             was
             of
             Noble
             Blood
             ,
             was
             changed
             ,
             and
             he
             was
             ordered
             to
             be
             Beheaded
             ;
             which
             was
             done
             by
             the
             Lieutenant
             of
             the
             Tower
             ,
             and
             this
             is
             a
             short
             account
             of
             that
             Trial
             for
             Blood
             in
             Parliament
             .
             Where
             't
             is
             plain
             and
             evident
             that
             the
             Bishops
             were
             there
             present
             ,
             for
             't
             is
             said
             ,
             
               that
               the
               said
               Earl
               was
               adjudged
               Guilty
               and
               Convict
               by
               the
               assent
               of
               the
               King
               ,
               Bishops
               and
               Lords
               .
               Q.
               E.
               D.
            
             Next
             we
             will
             produce
             another
             Instance
             and
             Precedent
             of
             the
             Condemnation
             of
             
               Thomas
               Arundel
            
             Archbishop
             of
             Canterbury
             ,
             who
             was
             accused
             by
             the
             Commons
             in
             full
             Parliament
             ,
             
               die
               &
               loco
               praedictis
            
             ,
             where
             we
             find
             the
             Commons
             by
             their
             Speaker
             Sir
             
               John
               Bussy
            
             Petitioning
             the
             K.
             in
             manner
             following
             .
             
               For
               that
               divers
               Judgments
               were
               heretofore
               undone
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               Clergy
               were
               not
               present
               ,
               the
               Commons
               prayed
               the
               King
               that
               the
               Clergy
               would
               appoint
               some
               to
               be
               their
               common
               Proctor
               with
               sufficient
               authority
               thereunto
               .
            
             Whereupon
             the
             Clergy
             appoint
             
               Thomas
               de
               la
               Percy
            
             by
             their
             Instrument
             their
             Proctor
             ,
             
             who
             together
             with
             the
             King
             and
             the
             said
             Lords
             adjudged
             him
             the
             said
             Archbishop
             guilty
             of
             Treason
             ,
             and
             himself
             a
             Traitor
             .
             The
             Crimes
             objected
             to
             him
             was
             his
             traiterous
             obtaining
             a
             Commission
             from
             the
             King
             ,
             whereby
             the
             Kings
             Royal
             Power
             was
             encroached
             ,
             his
             Subjects
             put
             to
             death
             without
             Royal
             Assent
             ,
             &c.
             for
             all
             which
             he
             was
             found
             guilty
             as
             aforesaid
             .
             What
             I
             observe
             in
             brief
             is
             this
             ,
             from
             this
             Trial.
             
          
           
             (
             1.
             )
             That
             there
             had
             been
             divers
             Errors
             in
             Judgment
             ,
             which
             Judgments
             were
             in
             Law
             void
             ,
             for
             that
             the
             Bishops
             were
             not
             present
             ,
             (
             2.
             )
             That
             hereupon
             the
             Commons
             Petitioned
             the
             King
             that
             the
             Bishops
             would
             appoint
             their
             Proxy
             ,
             and
             which
             accordingly
             they
             did
             
               Thomas
               de
               la
               Percy
            
             .
             (
             3.
             )
             He
             was
             Condemned
             by
             the
             said
             Court
             wherein
             sate
             Percy
             accordingly
             .
             (
             4.
             )
             That
             the
             said
             Bishops
             did
             not
             Vote
             there
             personally
             ,
             for
             that
             the
             Arch-bishop
             their
             Primate
             was
             Arraigned
             and
             it
             might
             not
             be
             seemly
             for
             them
             so
             to
             do
             .
             And
             here
             we
             have
             the
             Case
             adjudged
             ,
             Judgments
             in
             Parliament
             Revers'd
             ,
             for
             that
             the
             Bishops
             were
             not
             Present
             by
             themselves
             or
             Proxys
             ,
             the
             Commons
             Petitioning
             the
             King
             that
             they
             would
             make
             Proxys
             ,
             a
             Judgment
             obtained
             for
             that
             the
             Bishops
             had
             made
             their
             Proxys
             .
             
               Q.
               E.
               D.
            
             And
             if
             any
             be
             not
             satisfied
             ,
             they
             may
             see
             the
             Roll
             of
             Parliament
             as
             before
             ,
             among
             the
             Records
             in
             the
             Tower
             to
             which
             they
             are
             Referred
             .
             Furthermore
             to
             make
             another
             discovery
             of
             the
             Inconstancy
             of
             the
             said
             Mr.
             Selden
             ,
             I
             find
             him
             in
             his
             
               Titles
               of
               Honour
            
             in
             the
             latter
             end
             of
             his
             Book
             ,
             Confessing
             that
             
               Thomas
               Becket
            
             Arch-bishop
             of
             Canterbury
             was
             Condemned
             by
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Winchester
             in
             Case
             of
             High
             Treason
             ,
             
               Vid.
               Titles
               of
               Honour
            
             .
             And
             if
             any
             person
             would
             but
             a
             little
             reflect
             upon
             the
             Reason
             ,
             why
             the
             Bishops
             have
             not
             sometimes
             Voted
             in
             Cases
             of
             Blood
             but
             by
             their
             Proxies
             ?
             
               (
               viz.
            
             )
             Their
             respect
             they
             had
             to
             the
             Canons
             of
             the
             Primitive
             Church
             ,
             which
             might
             give
             them
             umbrage
             for
             their
             so
             doing
             :
             And
             together
             with
             this
             ,
             what
             hath
             been
             said
             before
             ,
             of
             their
             being
             frequently
             appointed
             by
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             acting
             as
             Lord
             Chief
             Justices
             of
             England
             ,
             any
             person
             of
             an
             ordinary
             Capacity
             may
             guess
             at
             the
             Reason
             of
             their
             forbearing
             to
             Judge
             in
             Matters
             of
             Blood
             for
             the
             Reason
             aforesaid
             ,
             and
             their
             ready
             and
             chearfull
             compliance
             with
             their
             Princes
             Command
             ;
             when
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             this
             Land
             they
             were
             enabled
             so
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             which
             is
             a
             sufficient
             Supersedeas
             to
             the
             former
             Canon
             of
             the
             Church
             .
             Another
             Precedent
             we
             have
             of
             the
             Bishops
             Personally
             sitting
             in
             Parliament
             held
             at
             Westminster
             on
             Monday
             next
             after
             the
             Feast
             of
             
               All
               Saints
            
             ,
             in
             the
             3d
             ,
             of
             
               Hen.
               5.
            
             wherein
             Henry
             Bishop
             of
             Winton
             was
             Chancellour
             ,
             wherein
             was
             Tryed
             Richard
             Earl
             of
             Cambridge
             and
             others
             for
             Treason
             ,
             for
             having
             Levyed
             men
             against
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             procured
             Edmund
             Earl
             of
             March
             as
             Heir
             to
             
               Rich.
               2.
            
             to
             take
             upon
             him
             to
             be
             King
             of
             England
             ,
             and
             had
             Proclaimed
             him
             such
             in
             Wales
             ,
             and
             set
             one
             
               Thomas
               Trompington
            
             an
             Ideot
             and
             Scotchman
             to
             Personate
             
               Rich.
               2.
            
             where
             the
             said
             Earl
             ,
             and
             others
             his
             adherents
             in
             that
             Action
             ,
             were
             Tryed
             and
             found
             Guilty
             ;
             the
             Lords
             Spiritual
             in
             Parliament
             being
             Present
             ,
             &c.
             
             See
             the
             Records
             in
             the
             Tower
             ,
             
               Parl.
               3.
               
               H.
               5.
               p.
               2.
               
               M.
               4.
               
            
             Many
             other
             Precedents
             of
             a
             later
             Date
             and
             Time
             might
             be
             here
             
               Ex
               superabundanti
            
             added
             ,
             but
             I
             shall
             referr
             them
             for
             the
             matter
             of
             another
             Chapter
             ,
             they
             being
             all
             of
             them
             taken
             out
             of
             the
             Journals
             of
             the
             Lords
             House
             beginning
             in
             32
             Hen.
             8.
             and
             ending
             29.
             
             Eliz.
             2.
             
             I
             might
             have
             enlarged
             in
             these
             which
             I
             have
             taken
             out
             of
             the
             Tower
             ,
             but
             I
             have
             purposely
             forborn
             to
             do
             it
             ;
             for
             that
             I
             find
             Mr.
             Selden
             himself
             in
             the
             days
             of
             1642.
             granting
             me
             the
             Matter
             of
             Fact
             as
             clear
             and
             evident
             from
             the
             Ancient
             Records
             in
             the
             Tower
             ,
             of
             the
             Spiritual
             Lords
             Priviledges
             in
             this
             Matter
             .
             And
             will
             now
             proceed
             to
             another
             Argument
             that
             the
             Bishops
             have
             Right
             to
             sit
             in
             all
             Cases
             as
             well
             Capital
             as
             Civil
             .
             For
             that
             (
             4.
             )
             they
             are
             undoubted
             Peers
             of
             the
             Realm
             ;
             which
             also
             I
             find
             Mr.
             Selden
             
             himself
             granting
             in
             his
             
               Priviledges
               of
               the
               Barronage
               of
            
             England
             ,
             p.
             192.
             
             For
             there
             he
             saith
             ,
             
               Though
               some
               have
               doubted
            
             (
             we
             know
             whom
             he
             means
             )
             
               whether
               the
               Spiritual
               Barons
               are
               Peers
               ,
               he
               saith
               there
               ,
               that
               they
               are
               so
               ,
               is
               true
               and
               plain
               ,
               and
               the
               Testimonies
               many
               &
               various
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               Bishop
               of
            
             Winchester
             '
             
               s
               Case
               ,
               who
               departed
               from
               the
               Parliament
               at
               Salisbury
               about
               the
               beginning
               of
               Edw.
               3.
               and
               was
               questioned
               for
               it
               afterwards
               in
               the
               Kings
               Bench
               he
               pleaded
               to
               the
               Declaration
               ,
            
             Quod
             ipse
             est
             unus
             e
             Paribus
             Regni
             &
             Prelatus
             ,
             
               and
               in
               that
               short
               Disputation
               of
               the
               Case
               ,
               which
               is
               left
               in
               the
               Year
               Books
               ;
               he
               is
               supposed
               both
               by
               the
               Court
               and
               Council
               to
               be
               a
               Peer
               .
            
             But
             for
             this
             if
             his
             Authority
             be
             not
             good
             ,
             the
             Year
             Books
             themselves
             may
             be
             seen
             .
             Bishop
             of
             Winchesters
             Case
             ,
             
               Year
               Book
               ,
               3
            
             of
             
               Edw.
               3.
            
             
             And
             
               Pas
               .
               3.
               
               Edw.
               3.
               coram
               Rege
               Rot.
               9.
               
               Rep.
            
             So
             afterwards
             see
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Londons
             Case
             in
             the
             Year
             Book
             ,
             3
             Edw.
             3.
             in
             a
             Writ
             of
             Wards
             brought
             against
             the
             Bishop
             of
             London
             ;
             he
             pleaded
             to
             Issue
             ,
             and
             the
             Defendant
             could
             not
             have
             a
             day
             of
             Grace
             ;
             for
             he
             said
             (
             as
             the
             words
             of
             the
             Books
             are
             )
             
               That
               a
               Bishop
               is
               a
               Peer
               of
               the
               Land
               ,
            
             &
             
               Haec
               erat
               causa
            
             ,
             Year
             Book
             ,
             3
             
               Edw.
               3.
               fol.
               186.
               pl.
            
             28.
             
             And
             in
             a
             like
             Case
             ,
             an
             Action
             of
             Trespass
             against
             the
             Abbot
             of
             Abington
             who
             was
             one
             of
             the
             Lords
             Spiritual
             ,
             day
             of
             Grace
             was
             denyed
             against
             him
             ,
             because
             he
             was
             Peer
             
               de
               la
               terre
               ,
               13
               Edw.
               3.
               
               Titulo
               Enquest
               .
            
             So
             expresly
             upon
             a
             question
             of
             having
             a
             Knight
             returned
             into
             a
             Jury
             where
             a
             Bishop
             was
             Defendant
             ;
             the
             Rule
             of
             the
             Court
             was
             that
             it
             ought
             to
             be
             so
             ,
             because
             the
             Bishop
             was
             a
             Peer
             of
             the
             Realm
             ,
             
               Plowden
               Comment
               .
               pl.
               
               117.
               
            
             So
             the
             Judgment
             given
             against
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Norwich
             in
             the
             time
             of
             
               Rich.
               2.
            
             he
             is
             in
             the
             Roll
             expresly
             allowed
             to
             be
             a
             Peer
             .
             We
             find
             also
             Stafford
             Arch
             Bishop
             of
             Canterbury
             upon
             his
             being
             excluded
             the
             Parliament
             under
             
               Edw.
               3
            
             ,
             thus
             challenging
             his
             place
             ,
             
               Ego
               tanquam
               major
               par
               Regni
               post
               Regem
               vocem
               habens
               jurae
               Ecclesiae
               meae
               tantum
               vendico
               ,
            
             &
             
               ideo
               ingressum
               in
               Parlimentum
               peto
            
             .
             The
             same
             may
             be
             made
             out
             farther
             by
             an
             Assignment
             of
             Errors
             under
             
               Hen.
               5.
            
             for
             the
             revearsal
             of
             the
             Attainder
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salisbury
             ,
             one
             Error
             is
             Assigned
             that
             Judgment
             was
             given
             without
             the
             Assent
             of
             the
             Prelates
             which
             were
             Peers
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             which
             is
             clearly
             allowed
             in
             the
             Roll
             and
             Petition
             too
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             Peers
             .
             So
             also
             in
             an
             Act
             of
             Parliament
             under
             the
             same
             King
             ,
             
               Sta●
               .
               4.
               
               Hen.
               5.
               c.
               6.
            
             where
             the
             Arch-Bishops
             and
             Bishops
             are
             called
             Peers
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             But
             of
             the
             truth
             of
             this
             Mr.
             Selden
             himself
             saith
             ,
             
               That
               no
               scruple
               could
               ever
               be
               made
               till
               the
               unhappy
               Act
               of
               the
               17
               Car.
               1641.
               
            
             And
             how
             that
             Act
             was
             procured
             we
             all
             know
             ,
             How
             full
             of
             tumults
             and
             uproars
             were
             those
             Times
             ?
             to
             how
             great
             a
             distress
             was
             Majesty
             then
             brought
             ?
             How
             many
             Repulses
             did
             it
             meet
             with
             ?
             Was
             it
             not
             Past
             to
             serve
             the
             present
             Interest
             ?
             and
             by
             what
             subtile
             contrivance
             was
             it
             at
             last
             carried
             it
             is
             very
             well
             known
             ?
             Have
             we
             not
             reckoned
             the
             Date
             of
             our
             late
             Embroilments
             and
             wild
             Confusions
             from
             this
             fatal
             Apocha
             ?
             Under
             what
             Miseries
             ,
             Violencies
             ,
             and
             Rapins
             hath
             not
             our
             native
             Country
             for
             20
             years
             time
             from
             hence
             to
             be
             reckoned
             ,
             with
             so
             much
             pitty
             from
             all
             true-hearted
             English-men
             long
             laboured
             and
             groaned
             ?
             and
             the
             whole
             Christian-world
             about
             us
             stood
             amazed
             and
             agasht
             .
             All
             the
             Wealth
             which
             the
             Piety
             of
             our
             Forefathers
             had
             been
             so
             many
             years
             in
             heaping
             up
             ,
             all
             their
             Priviledges
             which
             their
             prudence
             had
             so
             deliberately
             conferred
             ,
             being
             in
             a
             few
             days
             Passion
             swallowed
             up
             .
             Had
             those
             good
             men
             ,
             the
             then
             Bishops
             ,
             unadvisedly
             acted
             any
             thing
             against
             their
             Prince
             or
             Kingdom
             ,
             could
             no
             Personal-fine
             or
             punishment
             expiate
             their
             Crime
             and
             fault
             ?
             must
             the
             whole
             Order
             be
             raized
             ,
             and
             Episcopacy
             it self
             destroyed
             root
             and
             branch
             ?
             must
             so
             many
             merits
             of
             their
             worthy
             Predecessors
             be
             buryed
             in
             the
             grave
             of
             ungrateful
             Oblivion
             ?
             It
             were
             an
             easy
             matter
             to
             produce
             a
             large
             Catalogue
             of
             eminent
             Prelates
             ,
             who
             by
             their
             prudent
             advice
             have
             oftentimes
             prevented
             Bloodshed
             ,
             preserved
             Peace
             ,
             saved
             a
             sinking
             Kingdom
             and
             a
             dying
             Religion
             ,
             
             many
             good
             works
             have
             they
             done
             amongst
             us
             ,
             many
             Colledges
             and
             Schools
             erected
             and
             endowed
             ,
             many
             material
             Churches
             by
             their
             munificence
             ,
             and
             living
             Temples
             of
             the
             Holy
             Ghost
             built
             by
             their
             Ministry
             ;
             and
             for
             which
             of
             these
             must
             they
             now
             be
             thus
             dealt
             withal
             ?
             thus
             disfranchised
             ?
             That
             they
             who
             heretofore
             carried
             the
             principal
             stroke
             in
             all
             Cabinet
             Counsels
             and
             publick
             Diets
             ,
             are
             acknowledged
             in
             several
             recorded
             Statutes
             of
             this
             Kingdom
             ,
             an
             high
             ,
             and
             one
             of
             the
             greatest
             Estates
             of
             this
             Kingdom
             ,
             as
             particularly
             8
             
               Eliz.
               c.
            
             1.
             that
             they
             are
             Peers
             of
             this
             Realm
             ,
             25
             
               Edw.
               3.
               c.
            
             6.
             before
             recited
             ,
             and
             4
             
               Henr.
               5.
               c.
            
             6.
             must
             now
             be
             debarred
             those
             immunities
             of
             which
             our
             Nation
             hath
             ever
             reaped
             the
             greatest
             benefit
             ,
             they
             must
             be
             curtailde
             in
             ,
             or
             excluded
             from
             ,
             what
             is
             their
             just
             right
             ,
             to
             Vote
             as
             Peers
             in
             the
             higher
             House
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             certainly
             't
             is
             now
             high
             time
             ,
             if
             ever
             ,
             for
             men
             to
             relent
             of
             their
             merciless
             cruelty
             to
             to
             learned
             Industry
             ;
             the
             crafty
             Jesuite
             ,
             who
             is
             now
             at
             our
             Doors
             ,
             thinks
             his
             day
             is
             coming
             ,
             this
             will
             make
             him
             keep
             a
             Jubile
             ,
             to
             see
             England
             fall
             again
             by
             her
             own
             hands
             .
             How
             much
             ground
             hath
             he
             got
             by
             debasing
             and
             pouring
             contempt
             on
             our
             English
             Clergy
             ,
             (
             of
             all
             the
             World
             )
             whom
             he
             most
             dreaded
             ?
             Let
             us
             but
             enquire
             of
             other
             Nations
             ,
             our
             Neighbours
             ,
             and
             they
             will
             tell
             us
             ,
             
               That
               the
            
             English
             
               Divine
               is
               the
               terrour
               of
               the
            
             Papal
             -
             
               world
               ,
               aud
               that
               they
               have
               wrote
               more
               ,
               and
               better
               ,
               against
            
             Rome
             ,
             
               than
               all
               the
               World
               besides
            
             .
             We
             ought
             not
             to
             take
             pleasure
             in
             upbrading
             an
             ungrateful
             Nation
             :
             But
             is
             this
             the
             reward
             of
             their
             unwearied
             pains
             ,
             incessant
             studies
             ,
             early
             rising
             and
             late
             watching
             ,
             beating
             their
             brains
             ,
             wasting
             their
             bodies
             ,
             and
             contracting
             incurable
             diseases
             ,
             neglecting
             their
             families
             ,
             relations
             ,
             and
             accquaintance
             for
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             and
             good
             of
             their
             Countrey
             ?
             Must
             they
             onely
             have
             discouragements
             heaped
             upon
             them
             ,
             bread
             and
             water
             ,
             and
             raggs
             (
             if
             some
             men
             had
             their
             will
             )
             thought
             to
             good
             for
             them
             ?
             Must
             another
             Profession
             ,
             of
             which
             a
             Forreiner
             ,
             by
             way
             of
             disdain
             ,
             said
             ,
             
               Causid●●i
               Angli
               gens
               indoctissima
               ultra
               Doroberniam
               nihil
               sapiunt
               ?
            
             Must
             they
             get
             honour
             ,
             riches
             and
             preferments
             without
             the
             regret
             and
             frowns
             of
             any
             ,
             nay
             more
             in
             60
             years
             last
             past
             than
             Divinity
             in
             600
             preceding
             ,
             and
             if
             the
             matter
             was
             not
             invidious
             I
             could
             easily
             make
             appear
             :
             't
             was
             an
             old
             saying
             ,
             
               Nulli
               sua
               pietas
               debet
               esse
               damnosa
               ,
            
             in
             earnest
             ,
             This
             is
             not
             for
             the
             honour
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             neither
             doth
             it
             become
             the
             Reformation
             .
             Of
             late
             years
             some
             of
             the
             
               Long
               Robe
            
             ,
             no
             well
             wishers
             to
             the
             Church
             ,
             whose
             names
             I
             forbear
             ,
             have
             started
             a
             very
             unhappy
             and
             destructive
             notion
             ,
             and
             not
             over
             beneficial
             to
             the
             
               English
               Scepter
            
             ;
             and
             there
             yet
             want
             not
             those
             who
             with
             much
             industry
             keep
             this
             notion
             up
             ,
             that
             the
             three
             Estates
             of
             this
             Nation
             consist
             of
             King
             ,
             Lords
             and
             Commons
             ,
             which
             how
             far
             it
             may
             countenance
             former
             actings
             and
             endanger
             future
             disturbances
             ,
             I
             humbly
             submit
             to
             the
             prudence
             of
             those
             who
             sit
             at
             the
             Helm
             ,
             and
             are
             much
             better
             able
             to
             determine
             than
             my self
             ;
             But
             the
             consequences
             of
             that
             opinion
             seem
             directly
             to
             aim
             at
             the
             Leveling
             of
             Sovereignty
             ,
             and
             making
             it
             accountable
             to
             the
             other
             two
             in
             their
             esteem
             Coordinate
             Estates
             .
             Now
             by
             restoring
             the
             Spiritualty
             the
             only
             true
             third
             Estate
             to
             its
             due
             Rights
             and
             antient
             Priviledges
             ,
             for
             that
             it
             is
             the
             true
             third
             Estate
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Chief
             Justice
             Cook
             saith
             in
             the
             Fourth
             of
             his
             Institutes
             and
             the
             Act
             of
             Parliament
             of
             the
             8
             of
             
               Eliz.
               c.
               1.
            
             speaks
             to
             the
             same
             thing
             ,
             this
             may
             be
             the
             most
             ready
             and
             most
             natural
             expedient
             to
             remove
             that
             destructive
             and
             dangerous
             opinion
             out
             of
             the
             minds
             of
             an
             unlearned
             and
             fickle
             multitude
             .
             So
             may
             the
             Crown
             be
             safe
             ,
             and
             the
             Mitre
             no
             longer
             trampled
             on
             .
             
               Et
               quae
               Deus
               olim
               conjunxit
               ,
               nemo
               hoc
               sequiori
               saeculo
               seperet
               ,
               Faxit
               hoc
               Deus
               qui
               solus
               potis
               est
               !
            
          
        
         
           
           
             CHAP.
             VIII
             .
          
           
             
               Precedents
               of
               the
               Bishops
               Sitting
               and
               Voting
               in
               Capital
               Causes
               from
               the
               Reign
               of
               of
               King
               Hen.
               8.
               till
               the
               29th
               of
               Eliz.
               
            
          
           
             I
             shall
             begin
             with
             the
             Attainder
             of
             Cromwel
             Earl
             of
             Essex
             ,
             who
             was
             attainted
             in
             Parliament
             for
             Treason
             ,
             &c.
             the
             Articles
             are
             every
             extant
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             seen
             ;
             the
             first
             reading
             of
             his
             Bill
             ,
             as
             I
             find
             it
             in
             the
             Journal
             of
             the
             Lords
             House
             was
             upon
             the
             17th
             of
             
               June
               ,
               32.
               
               Hen.
            
             8th
             ,
             at
             which
             reading
             were
             present
             Fourteen
             Bishops
             ;
             who
             they
             were
             you
             may
             see
             in
             the
             Journal
             ;
             at
             the
             second
             reading
             ,
             which
             was
             the
             19th
             of
             June
             of
             the
             said
             year
             ,
             32.
             
             Hen.
             8.
             were
             present
             sixteen
             Bishops
             ,
             whose
             Names
             ,
             and
             Sees
             there
             you
             may
             find
             ;
             at
             the
             third
             and
             last
             reading
             ,
             were
             sixteen
             likewise
             ,
             
               Vid.
               Journal
               ut
               supra
            
             ,
             the
             Bill
             it self
             past
             the
             Royal
             Assent
             ,
             the
             24th
             of
             July
             following
             ,
             when
             were
             14
             Bishops
             present
             .
             The
             next
             shall
             be
             the
             Attainder
             of
             Tho.
             Duke
             of
             Norf.
             and
             Henry
             Earl
             of
             
               Surry
               .
               38.
               
               H.
               8.
               
            
             This
             also
             was
             an
             Attainder
             in
             Parliament
             :
             The
             first
             reading
             of
             the
             Bill
             against
             these
             Noble
             Lords
             ,
             was
             on
             the
             18th
             of
             
               January
               ,
               Anno
               Regis
               supra
               dicto
               ,
            
             when
             were
             present
             ten
             Bishops
             ;
             the
             second
             reading
             ,
             was
             the
             day
             following
             ,
             when
             were
             present
             nine
             Bishops
             :
             The
             third
             and
             last
             reading
             was
             on
             the
             20th
             of
             the
             same
             Moneth
             ,
             when
             were
             present
             thirteen
             Bishops
             ;
             the
             Bill
             past
             the
             Royal
             Assent
             ,
             January
             27th
             ,
             38.
             
             Hen.
             8.
             the
             Bishops
             likewise
             then
             present
             .
             The
             third
             instance
             of
             Hen.
             D.
             of
             Suffolk
             ,
             which
             indeed
             was
             an
             Attainder
             at
             Common
             Law
             ,
             but
             afterward
             confirm'd
             in
             Parliament
             .
             
               A.
               1
            
             &
             2.
             
             
               Phil.
               et
               Mar.
            
             at
             the
             first
             reading
             were
             present
             12
             Bishops
             :
             the
             Bill
             was
             read
             ,
             5
             
               Jan.
               Anno
               supradicto
            
             ,
             at
             the
             2d
             .
             reading
             ,
             which
             was
             two
             days
             after
             on
             the
             7th
             of
             January
             were
             present
             eleaven
             Bishops
             ;
             and
             on
             the
             next
             day
             ,
             the
             Bill
             had
             its
             last
             reading
             in
             the
             Lords
             House
             ,
             at
             which
             were
             present
             eleaven
             Bishops
             :
             the
             Lords
             Spiritual
             ,
             were
             likewise
             present
             at
             the
             passing
             of
             the
             Bill
             ;
             which
             was
             on
             the
             21
             of
             Jan.
             following
             ;
             in
             each
             of
             these
             ,
             the
             Journal
             if
             consulted
             will
             satisfie
             any
             .
             The
             4th
             Precedent
             shall
             be
             in
             Seymore
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             who
             was
             attainted
             for
             Treason
             ,
             in
             the
             2d
             .
             of
             
               Edw.
               6.
            
             for
             that
             he
             purposed
             to
             destroy
             the
             young
             King
             ,
             and
             to
             translate
             the
             Crown
             unto
             himself
             ;
             for
             which
             ,
             and
             other
             Crimes
             objected
             ,
             he
             suffered
             Death
             ,
             on
             the
             Tower-Hill
             :
             at
             his
             Attainder
             were
             Present
             nineteeen
             Bishops
             .
             I
             might
             have
             before
             added
             the
             Case
             of
             the
             Lord
             
             Hungerfords-Attainder
             in
             Parliament
             ;
             who
             was
             condemned
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             in
             the
             32.
             of
             Hen.
             the
             8th
             .
             at
             whose
             Tryal
             and
             Condemnation
             ,
             were
             Present
             no
             fewer
             than
             seaventeen
             Bishops
             ,
             Vid.
             Journal
             of
             the
             Lords
             House
             ,
             I
             will
             only
             add
             two
             more
             Precedents
             ,
             and
             close
             with
             them
             ;
             they
             are
             in
             the
             Reign
             of
             the
             Peaceable
             Queen
             Elizabeth
             ,
             in
             whose
             times
             if
             ever
             ,
             the
             Actings
             in
             Parliament
             were
             regular
             ,
             and
             orderly
             :
             the
             first
             is
             ,
             the
             Case
             of
             the
             Earls
             of
             Northumberland
             and
             Westmoreland
             ,
             for
             their
             Rebellion
             in
             the
             North
             ,
             and
             endeavour
             to
             bring
             in
             Popery
             ,
             at
             whose
             Condemnation
             were
             present
             thirteen
             Bishops
             ,
             Vid.
             Journal
             ,
             and
             lastly
             that
             of
             Pagets
             ,
             in
             the
             29th
             of
             the
             said
             Queen
             ,
             at
             which
             were
             ten
             Bishops
             ,
             Vid.
             Journal
             as
             before
             :
             I
             shall
             only
             add
             one
             thing
             more
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             the
             Protestation
             of
             the
             Bishops
             .
             11.
             
             R.
             2
             where
             they
             give
             the
             reason
             why
             they
             refused
             ,
             to
             be
             put
             in
             some
             Parliaments
             ,
             their
             words
             
               Quia
               in
               hoe
               Parliamento
               agitur
               de
               nonnullis
               materiis
               in
               quibus
               non
               licet
               nobis
               juxta
               sacrorum
               Canonum
               instituta
               quomodolibet
               personaliter
               interesse
            
             ;
             but
             they
             there
             add
             a
             Salvo
             to
             their
             right
             ,
             in
             the
             beginning
             of
             their
             Protestation
             .
             
               Quod
               ad
               Archiepiscopum
               Cantuar.
               qui
               pro
               tempore
               fuerit
               ,
               n●c
               non
               caeteros
               suos
               suffraganeos
               Confratres
               ,
               Co-episcopos
               ,
               Abbates
               et
               Priores
               aliosque
               Praelatos
               quoscunque
               Baroniam
               de
               Domino
               Rege
               t●nentes
               in
               Parliamento
               Regis
               ut
               Pares
               praed
               .
               personaliter
               interesse
               pertinet
               ,
               ibidemque
               de
               regni
               negotiis
               &
               aliis
               ibi
               tractari
               consuetis
               cum
               caeteris
               dicti
               regni
               Paribus
               &
               aliis
               consulere
               ,
               ordinare
               ,
               statuere
               desinire
               ac
               caetera
               facere
               ,
               quae
               Parliamenti
               tempore
               ibid.
               intendet
               facien
               '
               ,
            
             &c.
             t
             is
             true
             indeed
             ,
             that
             as
             they
             never
             intended
             ,
             but
             that
             the
             Appeals
             ,
             Pursuites
             ,
             Accusations
             ,
             Judgements
             ,
             had
             and
             rendred
             ,
             &c.
             upon
             their
             voluntary
             absenting
             themselves
             ;
             they
             should
             be
             good
             and
             valid
             in
             the
             Law
             ,
             as
             their
             Protestation
             expresly
             granteth
             :
             yet
             by
             the
             same
             their
             Protestation
             ,
             they
             reserve
             their
             right
             of
             being
             present
             ,
             &c.
             doing
             every
             thing
             else
             which
             any
             other
             Peer
             ,
             though
             Temporal
             might
             do
             .
             And
             that
             they
             did
             Vote
             in
             the
             21st
             of
             this
             Kings
             Reign
             ,
             by
             their
             Proctor
             in
             the
             Condemnation
             of
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             
               Canterbury
               (
               Yea
               and
               upon
               the
               Commons
               Petition
               too
               ,
               for
               that
               many
               judgments
               had
               been
               reversed
               ,
               for
               that
               they
               were
               not
               present
               as
               is
               before
               proved
               )
            
             and
             Personally
             also
             in
             the
             Condemnation
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Arandel
             and
             
               Wardour
               ,
               &c.
            
             the
             Duke
             of
             Lancaster
             being
             then
             Lord
             High
             Steward
             ,
             
               Vid.
               Plaoit
               .
               Coron
            
             &c.
             21
             Ric.
             2.
             in
             the
             Records
             in
             the
             Tower.
             The
             Roll
             marked
             with
             the
             Letters
             
               F.
               I.
            
             It
             is
             well
             known
             that
             out
             of
             respect
             to
             the
             constitution
             made
             in
             the
             Council
             held
             at
             Westminster
             .
             that
             no
             Clergy-man
             should
             
               agitare
               Judicium
               Sanguinis
            
             .
             (
             This
             Council
             is
             mentioned
             in
             
               R.
               Hovenden
               in
               H.
               2.
            
             p.
             30.
             )
             the
             Clergy
             have
             some
             time
             forborn
             to
             intermeddle
             in
             such
             matters
             :
             and
             on
             the
             other
             side
             't
             is
             as
             notorious
             ,
             that
             many
             of
             that
             Order
             have
             been
             Lord
             Chief
             Justices
             of
             England
             ,
             and
             that
             none
             have
             discharged
             that
             Office
             better
             ,
             more
             to
             the
             Content
             of
             the
             King
             and
             Subject
             ,
             and
             the
             Benefit
             of
             the
             whole
             Commonwealth
             .
          
           
             FINIS
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A45195-e370
           
             Ad.
             Sec.
             1.
             
          
           
             *
             Euseb
             .
             Ecc.
             Hist
             .
             10.
             c.
             7.
             
             Zom
             .
             l.
             1.
             c.
             9.
             
          
           
             Exerc.
             13.
             c.
             5.