Nevv-Englands plantation. Or, A short and true description of the commodities and discommodities of that countrey. Written by Mr. Higgeson, a reuerend diuine now there resident. Whereunto is added a letter, sent by Mr. Graues an enginere, out of New-England
         Higginson, Francis, 1587-1630.
      
       
         
           1630
        
      
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             Nevv-Englands plantation. Or, A short and true description of the commodities and discommodities of that countrey. Written by Mr. Higgeson, a reuerend diuine now there resident. Whereunto is added a letter, sent by Mr. Graues an enginere, out of New-England
             Higginson, Francis, 1587-1630.
             Graves, Thomas, enginere.
          
           
             The second edition
          
           [28] p.
           
             Printed by T. & R. Cotes, for Michael Sparke, dwelling at the signe of the Blew Bible in Greene Arbor in the little Old Bailey,
             London :
             1630.
          
           
             Signatures: [A]² B-D⁴.
             Reproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           New England -- Description and travel -- To 1775.
        
      
    
     
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           NEW-ENGLANDS
           PLANTATION
           .
           OR
           ,
           A
           SHORT
           AND
           TRVE
           DESCRIPTION
           OF
           THE
           COMMODITIES
           AND
           DISCOMMODITIES
           of
           that
           Countrey
           .
           Written
           by
           Mr.
           Higgeson
           ,
           a
           reuerend
           Diuine
           now
           there
           resident
           .
           Whereunto
           is
           added
           a
           Letter
           ,
           sent
           by
           Mr.
           Graues
           an
           Enginere
           ,
           out
           of
           New-England
           ,
        
         
           The
           second
           Edition
           enlarged
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           T.
           &
           
             R.
             Cotes
          
           ,
           for
           
             Michael
             Sparke
          
           ,
           dwelling
           at
           the
           Signe
           of
           the
           
             Blew
             Bible
          
           in
           
             Greene
             Arbor
          
           in
           the
           little
           
             Old
             Bailey
          
           .
           1630.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           To
           the
           Reader
           .
        
         
           REader
           ,
           do
           not
           disdaine
           to
           reade
           this
           Relation
           ;
           and
           looke
           not
           here
           to
           haue
           a
           large
           Gate
           and
           no
           building
           within
           ;
           a
           full-stuffed
           Title
           with
           no
           matter
           in
           the
           Booke
           :
           But
           here
           reade
           the
           truth
           ,
           and
           that
           thou
           shalt
           find
           without
           any
           frothy
           bumbasted
           words
           ,
           or
           any
           quaint
           new-deuised
           additions
           ,
           onely
           as
           it
           was
           written
           (
           not
           intended
           for
           the
           Presse
           )
           by
           a
           reuerend
           Diuine
           now
           there
           liuing
           ,
           who
           onely
           sent
           it
           to
           some
           Friends
           here
           ,
           who
           were
           desirous
           of
           his
           Relations
           ;
           which
           is
           an
           Epitomy
           of
           their
           proceedings
           in
           the
           Plantation
           .
           And
           for
           thy
           part
           if
           thou
           meanest
           to
           be
           no
           Planter
           nor
           Venturer
           ,
           doe
           but
           lend
           thy
           good
           Prayers
           for
           the
           furthrance
           of
           it
           .
           And
           so
           I
           rest
           a
           well-wisher
           to
           all
           the
           good
           designes
           both
           of
           them
           which
           are
           gone
           ,
           and
           of
           them
           that
           are
           to
           goe
           .
        
         
           
             M.
             S.
             
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           NEW-ENGLANDS
           PLANTATION
           .
        
         
           LEtting
           passe
           our
           Voyage
           by
           Sea
           ,
           we
           will
           now
           begin
           our
           discourse
           on
           the
           shore
           of
           New-England
           .
           And
           because
           the
           life
           and
           wel-fare
           of
           euerie
           Creature
           here
           below
           ,
           and
           the
           commodiousnesse
           of
           the
           Countrey
           whereas
           such
           Creatures
           liue
           ,
           doth
           by
           the
           most
           wise
           ordering
           of
           Gods
           prouidence
           ,
           depend
           next
           vnto
           himselfe
           ,
           vpon
           the
           temperature
           and
           disposition
           of
           the
           foure
           Elements
           ,
           Earth
           ,
           Water
           ,
           Aire
           and
           Fire
           (
           For
           as
           of
           the
           mixture
           of
           all
           these
           ,
           all
           sublunarie
           thin●●
           are
           composed
           ;
           so
           by
           the
           more
           or
           lesse
           inioyment
           of
           the
           wholesome
           temper
           and
           conuenient
           vse
           of
           these
           ,
           consisteth
           the
           onely
           well-being
           both
           of
           Man
           and
           Beast
           in
           a
           more
           or
           lesse
           comfortable
           measure
           in
           all
           Countreys
           vnder
           the
           Heauens
           )
           Therefore
           I
           will
           indeauour
           to
           shew
           you
           what
           New-England
           is
           by
           the
           consideration
           of
           each
           of
           these
           apart
           ,
           and
           truly
           endeauour
           by
           Gods
           helpe
           to
           report
           nothing
           but
           the
           naked
           truth
           ,
           and
           that
           both
           to
           tell
           you
           of
           the
           discommodities
           as
           well
           as
           of
           the
           commodities
           ,
           though
           as
           
           the
           idle
           Prouerbe
           is●
           
             Tra●ellers
             may
             lye
             by
             authoritie
          
           ,
           and
           so
           may
           take
           too
           much
           sinfull
           libertie
           that
           way
           .
           Yet
           I
           may
           say
           of
           my selfe
           as
           once
           Nehemiah
           did
           in
           another
           case
           :
           
             Shall
             such
             a
             Man
             as
             I
             lye
             ?
          
           No
           verily
           :
           It
           becommeth
           not
           a
           Preacher
           of
           Truth
           to
           bee
           a
           Writer
           of
           Falshod
           in
           any
           degree
           :
           and
           therefore
           I
           haue
           beene
           carefull
           to
           report
           nothing
           of
           New-England
           but
           what
           I
           haue
           partly
           seene
           with
           mine
           owne
           Eyes
           ,
           and
           partly
           heard
           and
           inquired
           from
           the
           mouths
           of
           verie
           honest
           and
           religious
           persons
           ,
           who
           by
           liuing
           in
           the
           Countrey
           a
           good
           space
           of
           time
           haue
           had
           experience
           and
           knowledge
           of
           the
           state
           thereof
           ,
           &
           whose
           testimonies
           I
           doe
           beleeue
           as
           my selfe
           .
        
         
           First
           therefore
           of
           the
           Earth
           of
           New-England
           and
           all
           the
           appertenances
           thereof
           :
           It
           is
           a
           Land
           of
           diuers
           and
           sundry
           sorts
           all
           about
           Masathulets
           Bay
           ,
           and
           at
           Charles
           Riuer
           is
           as
           fat
           blacke
           Earth
           as
           can
           be
           seene
           any
           where
           :
           and
           in
           other
           places
           you
           haue
           a
           clay
           soyle
           ,
           in
           other
           grauell
           ,
           in
           other
           sand●●●s
           it
           is
           all
           about
           our
           Plantation
           at
           Salem
           ,
           for
           so
           our
           Towne
           is
           now
           named
           ,
           Psal.
           76.2
           .
        
         
           The
           forme
           of
           the
           Earth
           here
           in
           the
           superficies
           of
           it
           is
           neither
           too
           flat
           in
           the
           plainnesse
           ;
           nor
           too
           high
           in
           Hils
           ,
           but
           partakes
           of
           both
           in
           a
           mediocritie
           ,
           and
           fit
           for
           Pasture
           ,
           or
           for
           Plow
           or
           Meddow
           ground
           ,
           as
           Men
           please
           to
           employ
           it
           :
           though
           all
           the
           Countrey
           bee
           as
           it
           were
           a
           thicke
           Wood
           for
           the
           generall
           ,
           yet
           in
           diuers
           places
           there
           is
           much
           ground
           cleared
           by
           the
           Indians
           ,
           and
           especially
           about
           the
           Plantation
           :
           
           and
           I
           am
           told
           that
           about
           three
           miles
           from
           vs
           a
           Man
           may
           stand
           on
           a
           little
           hilly
           place
           and
           see
           diuers
           thousands
           of
           acres
           of
           ground
           as
           good
           as
           need
           to
           be
           ,
           and
           not
           a
           Tree
           in
           the
           same
           .
           It
           is
           thought
           here
           is
           good
           Clay
           to
           make
           Bricke
           and
           Tyles
           and
           Earthen-Pots
           as
           needs
           to
           bee
           .
           At
           this
           instant
           we
           are
           setting
           a
           Bricke-Kill
           on
           worke
           to
           make
           Brickes
           and
           Tiles
           for
           the
           building
           of
           our
           Houses
           .
           For
           Stone
           ,
           here
           is
           plentie
           of
           Slates
           at
           the
           I
           le
           of
           Slate
           in
           Masathulets
           Bay
           ,
           and
           Lime-stone
           ,
           Free-stone
           ,
           and
           Smooth-stone
           ,
           and
           Iron-stone
           ,
           and
           Marble-stone
           also
           in
           such
           store
           ,
           that
           we
           haue
           great
           Rockes
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           a
           Harbour
           hard
           by
           .
           Our
           Plantation
           is
           from
           thence
           called
           Marble-harbour
           .
        
         
           Of
           Minerals
           there
           hath
           yet
           beene
           but
           little
           triall
           made
           ,
           yet
           we
           are
           not
           without
           great
           hope
           of
           being
           furnished
           in
           that
           Soyle
           .
        
         
           The
           fertilitie
           of
           the
           Soyle
           is
           to
           be
           admired
           at
           ,
           as
           appeareth
           in
           the
           aboundance
           of
           Grasse
           that
           groweth
           euerie
           where
           both
           verie
           thicke
           ,
           verie
           long
           ,
           and
           verie
           high
           in
           diuers
           places
           :
           but
           it
           groweth
           verie
           wildly
           with
           a
           great
           stalke
           and
           a
           broad
           and
           ranker
           blade
           ,
           because
           it
           neuer
           had
           been
           eaten
           with
           Cattle
           ,
           nor
           mowed
           with
           a
           Sythe
           ,
           and
           seldome
           trampled
           on
           by
           foot
           .
           It
           is
           scarce
           to
           be
           beleeued
           how
           our
           Kine
           and
           Goats
           ,
           Horses
           and
           Hogges
           doe
           thriue
           and
           prosper
           here
           and
           like
           well
           of
           this
           Countrey
           .
        
         
           In
           our
           Plantation
           we
           haue
           already
           a
           quart
           of
           Milke
           for
           a
           penny
           :
           but
           the
           aboundant
           encrease
           of
           Corne
           proues
           this
           Countrey
           to
           bee
           
           a
           wonderment
           .
           Thirtie
           ,
           fortie
           ,
           fiftie
           ,
           sixtie
           are
           ordinarie
           here
           :
           yea
           Iosephs
           encrease
           in
           Aegypt
           is
           out-stript
           here
           with
           vs.
           Our
           planters
           hope
           to
           haue
           more
           then
           a
           hundred
           fould
           this
           yere
           :
           and
           all
           this
           while
           I
           am
           within
           compasse
           ;
           what
           will
           you
           say
           of
           two
           hundred
           fould
           and
           vpwards
           ?
           It
           is
           almost
           incredible
           what
           great
           gaine
           some
           of
           our
           English
           Planters
           haue
           had
           by
           our
           Indian
           Corne.
           Credible
           persons
           haue
           assured
           me
           ,
           and
           the
           partie
           himselfe
           auouched
           the
           truth
           of
           it
           to
           me
           ,
           that
           of
           the
           setting
           of
           13
           Gallons
           of
           Corne
           hee
           hath
           had
           encrease
           of
           it
           52
           Hogsheads
           ,
           euery
           Hogshead
           holding
           seuen
           Bushels
           of
           London
           measure
           ,
           and
           euery
           Bushell
           was
           by
           him
           sold
           and
           trusted
           to
           the
           Indians
           for
           so
           much
           Beauer
           as
           was
           worth
           18
           shillings
           ;
           and
           so
           of
           this
           13
           Gallons
           of
           Corne
           which
           was
           worth
           6
           shillings
           &
           pence
           ,
           he
           made
           about
           327
           pounds
           of
           it
           the
           yeere
           following
           ,
           as
           by
           reckoning
           will
           appeare
           :
           where
           you
           may
           see
           how
           God
           blessed
           husbandry
           in
           this
           Land.
           There
           is
           not
           such
           great
           and
           plentifull
           eares
           of
           Corne
           I
           suppose
           any
           where
           else
           to
           bee
           found
           but
           in
           this
           Countrey
           :
           being
           also
           of
           varietie
           of
           colours
           ,
           as
           red
           ,
           blew
           and
           yellow
           ,
           &c.
           and
           of
           one
           Corne
           there
           springeth
           foure
           or
           fiue
           hundred
           .
           I
           haue
           sent
           you
           many
           Eares
           of
           diuers
           colours
           that
           you
           might
           see
           the
           truth
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           Little
           Children
           here
           by
           setting
           of
           Corne
           may
           earne
           much
           more
           then
           their
           owne
           maintenance
           .
        
         
           They
           haue
           tryed
           our
           English
           Corne
           at
           new
           Plimouth
           Plantation
           ,
           so
           that
           all
           our
           seuerall
           
           Graines
           will
           grow
           here
           verie
           well
           ,
           and
           haue
           a
           fitting
           Soyle
           for
           their
           nature
           .
        
         
           Our
           Gouernour
           hath
           store
           of
           greene
           Pease
           growing
           in
           his
           Garden
           as
           good
           as
           euer
           I
           eat
           in
           England
           ▪
        
         
           This
           Countrey
           aboundeth
           naturally
           with
           store
           of
           Roots
           of
           great
           varietie
           and
           good
           to
           eat
           .
           Our
           Turnips
           ,
           Parsnips
           and
           Carrots
           are
           here
           both
           bigger
           and
           sweeter
           then
           is
           ordinarily
           to
           be
           found
           in
           England
           .
           Here
           are
           also
           store
           of
           Pumpions
           ,
           Cowcombers
           ,
           and
           other
           things
           of
           that
           nature
           which
           I
           know
           not
           .
           Also
           ,
           diuers
           excellent
           Pot-herbs
           grow
           abundantly
           among
           the
           Grasse
           ,
           as
           Strawberrie
           leaues
           in
           all
           places
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           plentie
           of
           Strawberries
           in
           their
           time
           ,
           and
           Penyroyall
           ,
           Wintersauerie
           ,
           Sorrell
           ,
           Brookelime
           ,
           Liuerwort
           ,
           Caruell
           and
           Watereresses
           ,
           also
           Leekes
           and
           Onions
           are
           ordinarie
           ,
           and
           diuers
           Physicall
           Herbes
           .
           Here
           are
           also
           aboundance
           of
           other
           sweet
           Herbes
           delightfull
           to
           the
           smell
           ,
           whose
           names
           we
           know
           not
           ,
           &c.
           and
           plentie
           of
           single
           Damaske
           Roses
           verie
           sweet
           ;
           and
           two
           kinds
           of
           Herbes
           that
           beare
           two
           kinds
           of
           Flowers
           very
           sweet
           ,
           which
           they
           say
           ,
           are
           as
           good
           to
           make
           Cordage
           or
           Cloath
           as
           any
           Hempe
           or
           Flaxe
           we
           haue
           .
        
         
           Excellent
           Vines
           are
           here
           vp
           and
           downe
           in
           the
           Woods
           .
           Our
           Gouernour
           hath
           already
           planted
           a
           Vineyard
           with
           great
           hope
           of
           encrease
           .
        
         
           Also
           ,
           Mulberries
           ,
           Plums
           ,
           Raspherries
           ,
           Corrance
           ,
           Chesnuts
           ,
           Filberds
           ,
           Walnuts
           ,
           Smalnuts
           ,
           Hurtleberies
           &
           Hawes
           of
           Whitethorne
           neere
           
           as
           good
           as
           our
           Cherries
           in
           England
           ,
           they
           grow
           in
           plentie
           here
           .
        
         
           For
           Wood
           there
           is
           no
           better
           in
           the
           World
           I
           thinke
           ,
           here
           being
           foure
           sorts
           of
           Oke
           differing
           both
           in
           the
           Lease
           ,
           Timber
           ,
           and
           Colour
           ,
           all
           excellent
           good
           .
           There
           is
           also
           good
           Ash
           ,
           Elme
           ,
           Willow
           ,
           Birch
           ,
           Beech
           ,
           Saxafras
           ,
           Iuniper
           Ciprus
           ,
           Cedar
           ,
           Spruce
           ,
           Pines
           &
           Firre
           that
           will
           yeeld
           abundance
           of
           Turpentine
           ,
           Pitch
           ,
           Tarie
           ,
           Masts
           and
           other
           materials
           for
           building
           both
           of
           Ships
           and
           Houses
           .
           Also
           here
           are
           store
           of
           Sumacke
           Trees
           ,
           they
           are
           good
           for
           dying
           and
           tanning
           of
           Leather
           ,
           likewise
           such
           Trees
           yeeld
           a
           precious
           Gum
           called
           White
           Beniamen
           ,
           that
           they
           say
           is
           excellent
           for
           perfumes
           .
           Also
           here
           be
           diuers
           Roots
           and
           Berries
           wherewith
           the
           Indians
           dye
           excellent
           holding
           colours
           that
           no
           raine
           nor
           washing
           can
           alter
           .
           Also
           ,
           wee
           haue
           materials
           to
           make
           Sope-Ashes
           and
           Salt-Peter
           in
           aboundance
           .
        
         
           For
           Beasts
           there
           are
           some
           Beare●
           ,
           and
           they
           say
           some
           Lyons
           also
           ;
           for
           they
           haue
           been
           seen
           at
           Cape
           A●●e
           .
           Also
           here
           are
           seuerall
           sorts
           of
           Deere
           ,
           some
           whereof
           bring
           three
           or
           foure
           young
           ones
           at
           once
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           ordinarie
           in
           England
           ▪
           Also
           Wolues
           ,
           Foxes
           ,
           Beauers
           ,
           Otters
           ,
           Martins
           ,
           great
           wild
           Cats
           ,
           &
           a
           great
           Beast
           called
           a
           Molke
           as
           bigge
           as
           an
           Oxe
           .
           I
           haue
           seen
           the
           Skins
           of
           all
           these
           Beasts
           since
           I
           came
           to
           this
           Plantation
           excepting
           Lyons
           .
           Also
           here
           are
           great
           store
           of
           Squerrels
           ,
           some
           greater
           ,
           and
           some
           smaller
           and
           lesser
           :
           there
           are
           some
           of
           the
           lesser
           sort
           ,
           they
           tell
           me
           ,
           that
           by
           a
           certaine
           Skin
           
           will
           fly
           from
           Tree
           to
           Tree
           though
           they
           stand
           farre
           distant
           .
        
         
           
             Of
             the
             waters
             of
             New-England
             with
             the
             things
             belonging
             to
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             NEw-England
             hath
             Water
             enough
             both
             salt
             and
             fresh
             ,
             the
             greatest
             Sea
             in
             the
             World
             ,
             the
             Atlanticke
             Sea
             runs
             all
             along
             the
             Coast
             thereof
             .
             There
             are
             abundance
             of
             Ilands
             along
             the
             Shore
             ,
             some
             full
             of
             Wood
             and
             Mast
             to
             feed
             Swine
             ;
             and
             others
             cleere
             of
             Wood
             ,
             and
             fruitfull
             to
             beare
             Corne.
             Also
             we
             haue
             store
             of
             excellent
             harbours
             for
             Ships
             ,
             as
             at
             Cape
             Anne
             ,
             and
             at
             Masathulets
             Bay
             ,
             and
             at
             Salem
             ,
             and
             at
             many
             other
             places
             :
             and
             they
             are
             the
             better
             because
             for
             Strangers
             there
             is
             a
             verie
             difficult
             and
             dangerous
             passage
             into
             them
             ,
             but
             vnto
             such
             as
             are
             well
             acquainted
             with
             them
             ,
             they
             are
             easie
             and
             safe
             enough
             .
             The
             aboundance
             of
             Sea.
             Fish
             are
             almost
             beyond
             beleeuing
             ,
             and
             sure
             I
             should
             scarce
             haue
             beleeued
             it
             except
             I
             had
             seene
             it
             with
             mine
             owne
             Eyes
             .
             I
             saw
             great
             store
             of
             Whales
             ,
             and
             Crampusse
             ,
             and
             such
             aboundance
             of
             Makerils
             that
             it
             would
             astonish
             one
             to
             behold
             ,
             likewise
             Cod-Fish
             aboundance
             on
             the
             Coast
             ,
             and
             in
             their
             season
             are
             plentifully
             taken
             .
             There
             is
             a
             Fish
             called
             a
             Basse
             ,
             a
             most
             sweet
             &
             wholesome
             Fish
             as
             euer
             I
             did
             eat
             ,
             it
             is
             altogether
             as
             good
             as
             our
             fresh
             Sammon
             ;
             and
             the
             season
             of
             their
             comming
             was
             begun
             when
             wee
             came
             first
             to
             New-England
             in
             Iune
             ,
             and
             so
             continued
             about
             
             three
             〈◊〉
             space
             .
             Of
             this
             Fish
             our
             Fishers
             take
             many
             hundreds
             together
             ,
             which
             I
             haue
             seene
             lying
             on
             the
             shore
             to
             my
             admiration
             ;
             yea
             their
             N●ts
             ordinarily
             take
             more
             then
             they
             are
             able
             to
             ●ale
             to
             Land
             ,
             and
             for
             want
             of
             Boats
             and
             Men
             they
             are
             constrained
             to
             let
             a
             many
             goe
             after
             they
             haue
             taken
             them
             ,
             and
             yet
             sometimes
             they
             fill
             two
             Boats
             at
             a
             time
             with
             them
             .
             And
             besides
             Basse
             wee
             take
             plentie
             of
             Sca●e
             and
             Thornbacke
             ,
             and
             abundance
             of
             Lobsters
             ,
             and
             the
             least
             Boy
             in
             the
             Plantation
             may
             both
             catch
             and
             eat
             what
             he
             will
             of
             them
             .
             For
             my
             owne
             part
             I
             was
             soone
             cloyed
             with
             them
             ,
             they
             were
             so
             great
             ,
             and
             far
             ,
             and
             lussious
             .
             I
             haue
             seene
             some
             my selfe
             that
             haue
             weighed
             16
             pound
             ,
             but
             others
             haue
             had
             diuers
             times
             so
             great
             Lobsters
             as
             haue
             weighed
             25
             pound
             ,
             as
             they
             assure
             me
             .
             Also
             here
             is
             abundance
             of
             Herring
             ,
             Turbut
             ,
             Sturgion
             ,
             Cuskes
             ,
             Hadocks
             ,
             Mullets
             ,
             Eeles
             ,
             Crabs
             ,
             Muskles
             and
             Oysters
             .
             Beside
             there
             is
             probability
             that
             the
             Countrey
             is
             of
             an
             excellent
             temper
             for
             the
             making
             of
             Sa●●●
             for
             since
             our
             comming
             our
             Fishermen
             haue
             brought
             home
             verie
             good
             Salt
             which
             they
             found
             candied
             by
             the
             standing
             of
             the
             Sea
             water
             and
             the
             heat
             of
             the
             Sunne
             ,
             vpon
             a
             Rock
             by
             the
             Sea
             shore
             :
             and
             in
             diuers
             Salt
             Marishes
             that
             some
             haue
             gone
             through
             ,
             they
             haue
             found
             some
             Salt
             in
             some
             places
             crushing
             vnder
             their
             Feet
             and
             cleauing
             to
             their
             Shooes
             .
          
           
             And
             as
             for
             fresh
             Water
             the
             Countrey
             is
             full
             of
             daintie
             Springs
             ,
             and
             some
             great
             Riuers
             ,
             and
             some
             lesser
             Brookes
             ;
             and
             at
             Masathulets
             Bay
             
             they
             digged
             Wels
             and
             found
             Water
             at
             three
             Foot
             deepe
             in
             most
             places
             :
             and
             neere
             Salem
             they
             haue
             as
             fine
             cleare
             Water
             as
             wee
             can
             desire
             ,
             and
             we
             may
             digge
             Wels
             and
             finde
             Water
             where
             we
             list
             .
          
           
             Thus
             wee
             see
             both
             Land
             and
             Sea
             abound
             with
             store
             of
             blessings
             for
             the
             comfortable
             sustenance
             of
             Mans
             life
             in
             New-England
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             the
             Aire
             of
             New-England
             with
             the
             Temper
             and
             Creatures
             in
             it
             .
          
           
             THe
             Temper
             of
             the
             Aire
             of
             New-England
             is
             one
             speciall
             thing
             that
             commends
             this
             place
             .
             Experience
             doth
             manifest
             that
             there
             is
             hardly
             a
             more
             healthfull
             place
             to
             be
             found
             in
             the
             World
             that
             agreeth
             better
             with
             our
             English
             Bodyes
             .
             Many
             that
             haue
             beene
             weake
             and
             sickly
             in
             old
             England
             ,
             by
             comming
             hither
             haue
             beene
             thoroughly
             healed
             and
             growne
             healthfull
             and
             strong
             .
             For
             here
             is
             an
             extraordinarie
             cleere
             and
             dry
             Aire
             that
             is
             of
             a
             most
             healing
             nature
             to
             all
             such
             as
             are
             of
             a
             Cold
             ,
             Melancholy
             ,
             Flegmatick
             ,
             Reumaticke
             temper
             of
             body
             .
             None
             can
             more
             truly
             speake
             hereof
             by
             their
             owne
             experience
             then
             my selfe
             .
             My
             Friends
             that
             knew
             me
             can
             well
             tell
             how
             verie
             sickly
             I
             haue
             been
             and
             continually
             in
             Physick
             ,
             being
             much
             troubled
             with
             a
             tormenting
             paine
             through
             an
             extraordinarie
             weaknesse
             of
             my
             Stomacke
             ,
             and
             aboundance
             of
             Melancholike
             humors
             ;
             but
             since
             I
             came
             hither
             on
             this
             Voyage
             ,
             I
             thanke
             God
             I
             haue
             had
             perfect
             health
             ,
             
             and
             freed
             from
             paine
             and
             vomitings
             ,
             hauing
             a
             Stomacke
             to
             digest
             the
             hardest
             and
             coursest
             fare
             ,
             who
             before
             could
             not
             eat
             finest
             meat
             ;
             and
             whereas
             my
             Stomacke
             could
             onely
             digest
             and
             did
             require
             such
             drinke
             as
             was
             both
             strong
             and
             stale
             ,
             now
             I
             can
             and
             doe
             often
             times
             drink
             New-England
             water
             verie
             well
             ,
             and
             I
             that
             haue
             not
             gone
             without
             a
             Cap
             for
             many
             yeeres
             together
             ,
             neither
             durst
             leaue
             off
             the
             same
             ,
             haue
             now
             cast
             away
             my
             Cap
             ,
             and
             doe
             weare
             none
             at
             all
             in
             the
             day
             time
             :
             and
             whereas
             before-time
             I
             cloathed
             my selfe
             with
             double
             cloathes
             and
             thicke
             Wastcoats
             to
             keepe
             me
             warme
             ,
             euen
             in
             the
             Summer
             time
             ,
             I
             doe
             now
             goe
             as
             thin
             clad
             as
             any
             ,
             onely
             wearing
             a
             light
             Stuffe
             Cassocke
             vpon
             my
             Shirt
             and
             Stuffe
             Breeches
             of
             one
             thicknesse
             without
             Linings
             .
             Besides
             ,
             I
             haue
             one
             of
             my
             Children
             that
             was
             formerly
             most
             lamentably
             handled
             with
             sore
             breaking
             out
             of
             both
             his
             hands
             and
             feet
             of
             the
             Kings-Euill
             ,
             but
             since
             he
             came
             hither
             he
             is
             verie
             well
             ouer
             he
             was
             ,
             and
             there
             is
             hope
             of
             perfect
             recouerie
             shortly
             ,
             euen
             by
             the
             verie
             wholesomnesse
             of
             the
             Aire
             ,
             altering
             ,
             digesting
             and
             drying
             vp
             the
             cold
             and
             crude
             humors
             of
             the
             Body
             :
             and
             therefore
             I
             thinke
             it
             is
             a
             wise
             course
             for
             all
             cold
             complections
             to
             come
             to
             take
             Physicke
             in
             New-England
             :
             for
             a
             sup
             of
             New-Englands
             Aire
             is
             better
             then
             a
             whole
             draught
             of
             old
             Englands
             Ale.
             
          
           
             In
             the
             Summer
             time
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             Iuly
             and
             August
             ,
             it
             is
             a
             good
             deale
             hotter
             then
             in
             old
             England
             :
             and
             in
             Winter
             ,
             Ianuary
             and
             February
             
             are
             much
             colder
             as
             they
             say
             :
             but
             the
             Spring
             and
             Autumne
             are
             of
             a
             middle
             temper
             .
          
           
             Fowles
             of
             the
             Aire
             are
             plentifull
             here
             ,
             and
             of
             all
             sorts
             as
             we
             haue
             in
             England
             as
             farre
             as
             I
             can
             learne
             ,
             and
             a
             great
             many
             of
             strange
             Fowles
             which
             we
             know
             not
             .
             Whilst
             I
             was
             writing
             these
             things
             ,
             one
             of
             our
             Men
             brought
             home
             an
             Eagle
             which
             he
             had
             killed
             in
             the
             Wood
             :
             they
             say
             they
             are
             good
             meat
             .
             Also
             here
             are
             many
             kinds
             of
             excellent
             Hawkes
             ,
             both
             Sea
             Hawkes
             and
             Land
             Hawkes
             :
             and
             my selfe
             walking
             in
             the
             Woods
             with
             another
             in
             company
             ,
             sprung
             a
             Partridge
             so
             bigge
             that
             through
             the
             heauinesse
             of
             his
             Body
             could
             fly
             but
             a
             little
             way
             :
             they
             that
             haue
             killed
             them
             ,
             say
             they
             are
             as
             bigge
             as
             our
             Hens
             .
             Here
             are
             likewise
             aboundance
             of
             Turkies
             often
             killed
             in
             the
             Woods
             ,
             farre
             greater
             than
             our
             English
             Turkies
             ,
             and
             exceeding
             fat
             ,
             sweet
             and
             fleshy
             ,
             for
             here
             they
             haue
             aboundance
             of
             feeding
             all
             the
             yeere
             long
             ,
             as
             Strawberries
             ,
             in
             Summer
             all
             places
             are
             full
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             all
             manner
             of
             Berries
             and
             Fruits
             .
             In
             the
             Winter
             time
             I
             haue
             seene
             Flockes
             of
             Pidgeons
             ,
             and
             haue
             eaten
             of
             them
             :
             they
             doe
             flye
             from
             Tree
             to
             Tree
             as
             other
             Birds
             doe
             ,
             which
             our
             Pidgeons
             will
             not
             do
             in
             England
             :
             they
             are
             of
             all
             colours
             as
             ours
             are
             :
             but
             their
             wings
             and
             tayles
             are
             farr
             longer
             ,
             and
             therefore
             it
             is
             likely
             they
             fly
             swifter
             to
             escape
             the
             terrible
             Hawkes
             in
             this
             Countrey
             .
             In
             Winter
             time
             this
             Countrey
             doth
             abound
             with
             wilde
             Geese
             ,
             wild
             Ducks
             ,
             and
             other
             Sea
             Fowle
             ,
             that
             a
             great
             part
             of
             winter
             the
             Planters
             
             haue
             eaten
             nothing
             but
             roastmeat
             of
             diuers
             Fowles
             which
             they
             haue
             killed
             .
          
           
             Thus
             you
             haue
             heard
             of
             the
             Earth
             ,
             Water
             and
             Aire
             of
             New-England
             ,
             now
             it
             may
             bee
             you
             expect
             something
             to
             bee
             said
             of
             the
             Fire
             proportionable
             to
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Elements
             .
          
           
             Indeed
             I
             thinke
             New-England
             may
             boast
             of
             this
             Element
             more
             then
             of
             all
             the
             rest
             :
             for
             though
             it
             bee
             heresomewhat
             cold
             in
             the
             winter
             ,
             yet
             here
             we
             haue
             plenty
             of
             Fire
             to
             warme
             vs
             ,
             and
             that
             a
             great
             deale
             cheaper
             then
             they
             sel
             Billets
             and
             Faggots
             in
             London
             :
             nay
             ,
             all
             Europe
             is
             not
             able
             to
             afford
             to
             make
             so
             great
             Fire
             as
             New-England
             .
             A
             poore
             Seruant
             here
             that
             is
             to
             possesse
             but
             50
             Acres
             of
             Land
             ,
             may
             afford
             to
             giue
             more
             wood
             for
             Timber
             &
             Fire
             as
             good
             as
             the
             world
             yeelds
             ,
             then
             many
             Noble
             men
             in
             England
             can
             afford
             to
             do
             .
             Here
             is
             good
             liuing
             for
             those
             that
             loue
             good
             Fires
             .
             And
             although
             New-England
             haue
             no
             Tallow
             to
             make
             Candles
             of
             ,
             yet
             by
             the
             abundance
             of
             the
             Fish
             thereof
             ,
             it
             can
             afford
             Oyle
             for
             Lampes
             .
             Yea
             our
             Pine-Trees
             that
             are
             the
             most
             plentifull
             of
             all
             wood
             ,
             doth
             allow
             vs
             plenty
             of
             Candles
             ,
             which
             are
             very
             vsefull
             in
             a
             House
             :
             and
             they
             are
             such
             Candles
             as
             the
             Indians
             commonly
             vse
             ,
             hauing
             no
             other
             ,
             and
             they
             are
             nothing
             else
             but
             the
             wood
             of
             the
             Pine
             Tree
             clouen
             in
             two
             little
             slices
             something
             thin
             ,
             which
             are
             so
             full
             of
             the
             moysture
             of
             Turpentine
             and
             Pitch
             ,
             that
             they
             burne
             as
             cleere
             as
             a
             Torch
             .
             I
             haue
             sent
             you
             some
             of
             them
             that
             you
             may
             see
             the
             experience
             of
             them
             .
          
           
           
             Thus
             of
             New-Englands
             commodities
             ,
             now
             I
             will
             tell
             you
             of
             some
             discommodities
             that
             are
             here
             to
             be
             found
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             in
             the
             Summer
             season
             for
             these
             three
             months
             ,
             
               Iune
               ,
               Iuly
            
             ,
             and
             August
             ,
             we
             are
             troubled
             much
             with
             little
             Flyes
             called
             Musketoes
             ,
             being
             the
             same
             they
             are
             troubled
             with
             in
             Lincolneshiere
             and
             the
             Fens
             :
             and
             they
             are
             nothing
             but
             Gnats
             ,
             which
             except
             they
             bee
             smoked
             out
             of
             their
             houses
             are
             troublesome
             in
             the
             night
             season
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             in
             the
             Winter
             season
             for
             two
             months
             space
             ,
             the
             earth
             is
             commonly
             couered
             with
             Snow
             ,
             which
             is
             accompanied
             with
             sharp
             biting
             Frosts
             ,
             something
             more
             sharpe
             then
             is
             in
             old
             England
             ,
             and
             therefore
             are
             forced
             to
             make
             great
             Fires
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             this
             Countrey
             being
             very
             full
             of
             Woods
             ,
             and
             Wildernesses
             ,
             doth
             also
             much
             abound
             with
             Snakes
             and
             Serpents
             of
             strange
             colours
             ,
             and
             huge
             greatnesse
             :
             yea
             there
             are
             some
             Serpents
             called
             Rattle-snakes
             ,
             that
             haue
             Rattles
             in
             their
             Tayles
             ,
             that
             will
             not
             flye
             from
             a
             man
             as
             others
             will
             ,
             but
             will
             flye
             vpon
             him
             and
             sting
             him
             so
             mortally
             ,
             that
             hee
             will
             dye
             within
             a
             quarter
             of
             an
             houre
             after
             ,
             except
             the
             partie
             stinged
             haue
             about
             him
             some
             of
             the
             root
             of
             an
             Hearbe
             called
             Snake
             weed
             to
             bite
             on
             ,
             and
             then
             hee
             shall
             receiue
             no
             harme
             :
             but
             yet
             seldome
             fals
             it
             out
             that
             any
             hurt
             is
             done
             by
             these
             .
             About
             three
             yeeres
             since
             ,
             an
             Indian
             was
             stung
             to
             death
             by
             one
             of
             them
             ,
             but
             wee
             heard
             of
             none
             since
             that
             time
             .
          
           
           
             Fourthly
             and
             lastly
             ,
             Here
             wants
             as
             yet
             the
             good
             company
             of
             honest
             Christians
             to
             bring
             with
             them
             Horses
             ,
             Kine
             and
             Sheepe
             to
             make
             vse
             of
             this
             fruitfull
             Land
             :
             great
             pitty
             it
             is
             to
             see
             so
             much
             good
             ground
             for
             Corne
             and
             for
             Grasse
             as
             any
             is
             vnder
             the
             Heauens
             ,
             to
             lye
             altogether
             vnoccupied
             ,
             when
             so
             many
             honest
             Men
             and
             their
             Families
             in
             old
             England
             through
             the
             populousnesse
             thereof
             ,
             do
             make
             very
             hard
             shift
             to
             liue
             one
             by
             the
             other
             .
          
           
             Now
             ,
             thus
             you
             know
             what
             New-England
             is
             ,
             as
             also
             with
             the
             commodities
             and
             discommodities
             thereof
             :
             now
             I
             will
             shew
             you
             a
             little
             of
             the
             Inhabitants
             thereof
             ,
             and
             their
             gouernment
             .
          
           
             For
             their
             Gouernours
             they
             haue
             Kings
             ,
             which
             they
             call
             Saggamores
             ,
             some
             greater
             ,
             and
             some
             lesser
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             number
             of
             their
             Subiects
             .
          
           
             The
             greatest
             Saggamores
             about
             vs
             can
             not
             make
             aboue
             three
             hundred
             Men
             ,
             and
             other
             lesse
             Saggamores
             haue
             not
             aboue
             fifteene
             Subiects
             ,
             and
             others
             neere
             about
             vs
             but
             two
             .
          
           
             Their
             Subiects
             aboue
             twelue
             yeeres
             since
             were
             swept
             away
             by
             a
             great
             &
             grieuous
             Plague
             that
             was
             amongst
             them
             ,
             so
             that
             there
             are
             verie
             few
             left
             to
             inhabite
             the
             Countrey
             .
          
           
             The
             Indians
             are
             not
             able
             to
             make
             vse
             of
             the
             one
             fourth
             part
             of
             the
             Land
             ,
             neither
             haue
             they
             any
             setled
             places
             ,
             as
             Townes
             to
             dwell
             in
             ,
             nor
             any
             ground
             as
             they
             challenge
             for
             their
             owne
             possession
             ,
             but
             change
             their
             habitation
             from
             place
             to
             place
             .
          
           
           
             For
             their
             Statures
             ,
             they
             are
             a
             tall
             and
             strong
             limmed
             People
             ,
             their
             colours
             are
             tawny
             ,
             they
             goe
             naked
             ,
             saue
             onely
             they
             are
             in
             part
             couered
             with
             Beasts
             Skins
             on
             one
             of
             their
             Shoulders
             ,
             and
             weare
             something
             before
             their
             Priuities
             :
             their
             Haire
             is
             generally
             blacke
             ,
             and
             cut
             before
             like
             our
             Gentlewomen
             ,
             and
             one
             locke
             longer
             then
             the
             rest
             ,
             much
             like
             to
             our
             Gentlemen
             ,
             which
             fashion
             I
             thinke
             came
             from
             hence
             into
             England
             .
          
           
             For
             their
             weapons
             ,
             they
             haue
             Bowes
             and
             Arrowes
             ,
             some
             of
             them
             headed
             with
             Bone
             ,
             and
             some
             with
             Brasse
             :
             I
             haue
             sent
             you
             some
             of
             them
             for
             an
             example
             .
          
           
             The
             Men
             for
             the
             most
             part
             liue
             idlely
             ,
             they
             doe
             nothing
             but
             hunt
             and
             fish
             :
             their
             wiues
             set
             their
             Corne
             and
             doe
             all
             their
             other
             worke
             .
             They
             haue
             little
             Houshold
             stuffe
             ,
             as
             a
             Kettle
             ,
             and
             some
             other
             Vessels
             like
             Trayes
             ,
             Spoones
             ,
             Dishes
             and
             Baskets
             .
          
           
             Their
             Houses
             are
             verie
             little
             and
             homely
             ,
             being
             made
             with
             small
             Poles
             pricked
             into
             the
             ground
             ,
             and
             so
             bended
             and
             fastned
             at
             the
             tops
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             sides
             they
             are
             matted
             with
             Boughes
             ,
             and
             couered
             on
             the
             Roofe
             with
             Sedge
             and
             old
             Mats
             ▪
             and
             for
             their
             beds
             that
             they
             take
             their
             rest
             on
             ,
             they
             haue
             a
             Mat.
             
          
           
             They
             doe
             generally
             professe
             to
             like
             well
             of
             our
             comming
             and
             planting
             here
             ;
             partly
             because
             there
             is
             abundance
             of
             ground
             that
             they
             cannot
             possesse
             nor
             make
             vse
             of
             ,
             and
             partly
             because
             our
             being
             heere
             will
             bee
             a
             meanes
             both
             of
             reliefe
             to
             them
             when
             they
             want
             ,
             and
             also
             a
             
             defence
             from
             their
             Enemies
             ,
             wherewith
             (
             I
             said
             )
             before
             this
             Plantation
             begun
             ,
             they
             were
             often
             indangered
             .
          
           
             For
             their
             Religion
             ,
             they
             doe
             worship
             two
             Gods
             ,
             a
             good
             God
             and
             an
             euill
             God
             :
             the
             good
             God
             they
             call
             Tantum
             and
             their
             euill
             God
             whom
             they
             feare
             will
             doe
             them
             hurt
             ,
             they
             call
             Squantum
             .
          
           
             For
             their
             dealing
             with
             vs
             ,
             we
             neither
             feare
             them
             nor
             trust
             them
             ,
             for
             fourtie
             of
             our
             Musketeeres
             will
             driue
             fiue
             hundred
             of
             them
             out
             of
             the
             Field
             .
             We
             vse
             them
             kindly
             ,
             they
             will
             come
             into
             our
             Horses
             sometimes
             by
             halfe
             a
             douzen
             or
             halfe
             a
             score
             at
             a
             time
             when
             we
             are
             at
             victuals
             ,
             but
             will
             aske
             or
             take
             nothing
             but
             what
             we
             giue
             them
             .
          
           
             We
             purpose
             to
             learne
             their
             language
             as
             soone
             as
             we
             can
             ,
             which
             will
             be
             a
             meanes
             to
             do
             them
             good
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             the
             present
             condition
             of
             the
             Plantation
             ,
             and
             what
             it
             is
             .
          
           
             WHen
             we
             came
             first
             to
             
               Nethum
               kek
            
             ,
             we
             found
             about
             halfe
             a
             score
             Houses
             ,
             and
             a
             faire
             House
             newly
             built
             for
             the
             Gouerners
             ,
             we
             found
             also
             aboundance
             of
             Corne
             planted
             by
             them
             ,
             verie
             good
             and
             well
             liking
             .
             And
             we
             brought
             with
             vs
             about
             two
             hundred
             Passengers
             and
             Planters
             more
             ,
             which
             by
             common
             consent
             of
             the
             old
             Planters
             were
             all
             combined
             together
             into
             one
             Body
             Pol●●icke
             ,
             vnder
             the
             same
             Gouernour
             .
          
           
           
             There
             are
             in
             all
             of
             vs
             both
             old
             and
             new
             Planters
             about
             three
             hundred
             ,
             whereof
             two
             hundred
             of
             them
             are
             setled
             at
             Nehum-kek
             ,
             now
             called
             Salem
             :
             and
             the
             rest
             haue
             Planted
             themselues
             at
             Masathulets
             Bay
             ,
             beginning
             to
             build
             a
             Towne
             there
             which
             we
             doe
             call
             Cherton
             ,
             or
             Charles
             Towne
             .
          
           
             We
             that
             are
             setled
             at
             Salem
             make
             what
             haste
             we
             can
             to
             build
             Houses
             ,
             so
             that
             within
             a
             short
             time
             we
             shall
             haue
             a
             faire
             Towne
             .
          
           
             We
             haue
             great
             Ordnance
             ,
             wherewith
             we
             doubt
             not
             but
             we
             shall
             fortifie
             our selues
             in
             a
             short
             time
             to
             keepe
             out
             a
             potent
             Aduersarie
             .
             But
             that
             which
             is
             our
             greatest
             comfort
             ,
             and
             meanes
             of
             defence
             aboue
             all
             other
             ,
             is
             ,
             that
             we
             haue
             here
             the
             true
             Religion
             and
             holy
             Ordinances
             of
             Almightie
             God
             taught
             amongst
             vs
             :
             Thankes
             be
             to
             God
             ,
             we
             haue
             here
             plentie
             of
             Preaching
             ,
             and
             diligent
             Catechizing
             ,
             with
             strickt
             and
             carefull
             exercise
             ,
             and
             good
             and
             commendable
             orders
             to
             bring
             our
             People
             into
             a
             Christian
             conuersation
             with
             whome
             we
             haue
             to
             doe
             withall
             .
             And
             thus
             we
             doubt
             not
             but
             God
             will
             be
             with
             vs
             ,
             and
             
               if
               God
               be
               with
               vs
               ,
               who
               can
               be
               against
               vs
            
             ?
          
        
         
           Here
           ends
           Master
           Higgesons
           Relation
           of
           New-England
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           A
           Letter
           sent
           from
           New-England
           ,
           by
           Master
           Graues
           ,
           Engynere
           now
           there
           Resident
           .
        
         
           THus
           much
           I
           can
           affirme
           in
           generall
           ,
           that
           I
           neuer
           came
           in
           a
           more
           goodly
           Country
           in
           all
           my
           life
           ,
           all
           things
           considered
           :
           if
           it
           hath
           not
           at
           any
           time
           beene
           manured
           and
           husbanded
           ,
           yet
           it
           is
           very
           beautifull
           in
           open
           Lands
           ,
           mixed
           with
           goodly
           woods
           ,
           and
           againe
           open
           plaines
           ,
           in
           some
           places
           fiue
           hundred
           Acres
           ,
           some
           places
           more
           ,
           some
           lesse
           ,
           not
           much
           troublesome
           for
           to
           cleere
           for
           the
           Plough
           to
           goe
           in
           ,
           no
           place
           barren
           ,
           but
           on
           the
           tops
           of
           the
           Hils
           ,
           the
           grasse
           &
           weedes
           grow
           vp
           to
           a
           mans
           face
           ,
           in
           the
           Lowlands
           &
           by
           fresh
           Riuers
           aboundance
           of
           grasse
           and
           large
           Meddowes
           without
           any
           Tree
           or
           shrubbe
           to
           hinder
           the
           Sith
           :
           I
           neuer
           saw
           except
           in
           Hungaria
           ,
           vnto
           which
           I
           alwayes
           paralell
           this
           countrie
           ,
           in
           all
           our
           most
           respects
           ,
           for
           every
           thing
           that
           is
           heere
           eyther
           sowne
           or
           planted
           prospereth
           farre
           better
           then
           in
           Old
           England
           :
           the
           increase
           of
           Corne
           is
           here
           farre
           beyond
           expectation
           ,
           as
           I
           haue
           seene
           here
           by
           experience
           in
           Barly
           ,
           the
           which
           because
           it
           is
           somuch
           aboue
           your
           conception
           I
           will
           not
           mention
           :
           And
           Cattell
           doe
           prosper
           very
           well
           ,
           and
           those
           that
           are
           bredd
           heere
           farr
           greater
           then
           
           those
           with
           you
           in
           England
           .
           Vines
           doe
           grow
           heere
           plentifully
           laden
           with
           the
           biggest
           Grapes
           that
           ever
           I
           saw
           ,
           some
           I
           haue
           seene
           foure
           inches
           about
           ,
           so
           that
           I
           ●m
           bold
           to
           say
           of
           this
           countrie
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           commonly
           said
           in
           Germany
           of
           Hungari●
           ,
           that
           for
           Cattel
           ,
           Corne
           ,
           and
           Wine
           is
           excelleth
           .
           We
           haue
           many
           more
           hopefull
           commodities
           here
           in
           this
           countrie
           ,
           the
           which
           time
           will
           teach
           to
           make
           good
           vse
           of
           :
           In
           the
           meane
           time
           wee
           abound
           with
           such
           things
           which
           next
           vnder
           God
           doe
           make
           vs
           subsist
           ,
           as
           Fish
           ,
           Foule
           ,
           Deere
           ,
           and
           sundrie
           sorts
           of
           fruites
           ,
           as
           Musk-millions
           water-millions
           ,
           Indian-Pompions
           ,
           Indian
           Pease
           Beanes
           ,
           &
           many
           other
           odde
           fruits
           that
           I
           cannot
           name
           ,
           all
           which
           are
           made
           good
           and
           pleasant
           through
           this
           maine
           blessing
           of
           God
           ,
           the
           healthfulnesse
           of
           the
           countrie
           which
           farre
           exceedeth
           all
           parts
           that
           euer
           I
           haue
           beene
           in
           ▪
           It
           is
           obserued
           that
           few
           or
           none
           doe
           heere
           fall
           sicke
           ,
           vnlesse
           of
           the
           Scuruy
           that
           they
           bring
           from
           aboard
           the
           Shippe
           with
           them
           ,
           whereof
           I
           haue
           cured
           some
           of
           my
           Companie
           onely
           by
           labour
           .
           Thus
           making
           an
           end
           of
           an
           imperfect
           Description
           ,
           and
           committing
           you
           to
           God
           ,
           &c.
           
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           Catalogue
           of
           such
           needfull
           things
           as
           euery
           Planter
           doth
           or
           ought
           to
           prouide
           to
           go
           to
           New-England
           ;
           as
           namely
           for
           one
           man
           ,
           which
           being
           doubled
           ,
           may
           serue
           for
           as
           many
           as
           you
           please
           ,
           viz.
           
        
         
           
             Victuals
             for
             a
             whole
             yeere
             for
             a
             man
             ,
             and
             so
             after
             the
             rate
             for
             more
             .
          
           
             8
             BVshels
             of
             meale
             .
          
           
             2
             Bushels
             of
             pease
          
           
             2
             Bushels
             of
             Otemeale
             .
          
           
             1
             Gallon
             of
             Aquavitae
             .
          
           
             1
             Gallon
             of
             Oyle
             .
          
           
             2
             Gallons
             of
             Vineger
             .
          
           
             1
             Firkin
             of
             Butter
             .
          
        
         
           
             Apparell
             .
          
           
             1
             Monmoth
             Cap.
             
          
           
             3
             Falling
             bands
             .
          
           
             3
             Shirts
             .
          
           
             1
             Wast-coat
             .
          
           
             1
             Suit
             of
             Canuase
             .
          
           
             1
             Suit
             of
             Frize
             .
          
           
             1
             Suit
             of
             Cloth.
             
          
           
             3
             Paire
             of
             Stockings
             .
          
           
             4
             Paire
             of
             Shooes
             .
          
           
             2
             Paire
             of
             Sheets
             .
          
           
             7
             Ells
             of
             Canuas
             to
             make
             a
             bed
             and
             boulster
             .
          
           
             1
             Paire
             of
             Blankets
             .
          
           
             1
             Course
             Rug.
             
          
        
         
           
             Armes
             .
          
           
             1
             Armor
             compleat
             .
          
           
             1
             Long
             peece
             .
          
           
             1
             Sword.
             
          
           
             1
             Belt.
             
          
           
             1
             Bandilier
             .
          
           
             20
             Pound
             of
             powder
             .
          
           
             60
             Pound
             of
             Lead
             .
          
           
             1
             Pistoll
             and
             Goose
             shot
             .
          
        
         
           
             Tooles
             .
          
           
             1
             Broad
             Howe
          
           
             1
             Narrow
             Howe
             .
          
           
             1
             Broad
             Axe
             .
          
           
             1
             Felling
             Axe
             .
          
           
             1
             Steele
             Handsawe
             .
          
           
             1
             Whipsawe
          
           
             1
             Hammer
             .
          
           
             
             1
             Shouell
             .
          
           
             1
             Spade
             .
          
           
             2
             Aug●es
             .
          
           
             4
             Chissels
             .
          
           
             2
             Percers
             stocked
             .
          
           
             1
             Gimblet
             .
          
           
             1
             Hatchet
             .
          
           
             2
             Frowes
             .
          
           
             1
             Hand-Bill
             .
          
           
             1
             Grindstone
             .
          
           
             1
             Pickaxe
             .
          
           
             Nayles
             of
             all
             sorts
             .
          
        
         
           
             Houshold
             implements
             .
          
           
             1
             Iron
             pot
             .
          
           
             1
             Kettell
             .
          
           
             1
             Frying
             pan
             .
          
           
             1
             Gridiron
             .
          
           
             2
             Skellets
             .
          
           
             1
             Spit
             .
          
           
             Woodden
             Platers
             .
          
           
             Dishes
             .
          
           
             Spoones
             .
          
           
             Trenchers
             .
          
        
         
           
             Spices
             .
          
           
             Sugar
             .
          
           
             Pepper
             .
          
           
             Cloues
             .
          
           
             Mace.
             
          
           
             Cinnamon
             .
          
           
             Nutmegs
             .
          
           
             Fruit.
             
          
        
         
           
             Also
             there
             are
             diuers
             other
             things
             necessary
             to
             be
             taken
             ouer
             to
             this
             Plantation
             ,
             as
             Bookes
             ,
             Nets
             ,
             Hookes
             and
             Lines
             ,
             Cheese
             ,
             Bacon
             ,
             Kine
             ,
             Goats
             ,
             &c.
             
          
        
      
       
         
         
           The
           names
           of
           the
           most
           remarkable
           places
           in
           New-England
           .
        
         
           
             
               
                 
                   The
                   old
                   names
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                   The
                   new
                   names
                
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Cape
                 Cod.
                 
              
               
                 Cape
                 Iames.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 
                   The
                   Harbor
                   of
                   Cape
                
                 Cod.
                 
              
               
                 Milford
                 Hauen
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Chawum
                 .
              
               
                 Barwick
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Accomack
                 .
              
               
                 Plimouth
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Sagoquas
                 .
              
               
                 Oxford
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Massachusets
                 Mount.
                 
              
               
                 Cheuit
                 Hils
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Massachusits
                 Riuer
                 .
              
               
                 Charles
                 Riuer
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Totan
                 .
              
               
                 Famouth
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   A
                   great
                   Bay
                   by
                   Cape
                
                 Anne
                 .
              
               
                 Bristow
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Cape
                 Tragabig
                 sanda
                 .
              
               
                 Cape
                 Anne
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Naemback
                 .
              
               
                 Bastable
                 ,
                 
                   so
                   named
                   by
                   King
                
                 Charles
                 :
                 
                   But
                   by
                   the
                   new
                   Planters
                   now
                   called
                
                 Salem
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Aggawom
                 .
              
               
                 Southampton
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Smiths
                 Iles.
                 
              
               
                 Smiths
                 Iles.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Passataquack
                 .
              
               
                 Hull
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Accominticus
                 .
              
               
                 Boston
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Sassanows
                 Mount.
                 
              
               
                 Snowdon
                 hill
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Sow●catuck
                 .
              
               
                 Ipswich
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Bahanna
                 .
              
               
                 Dartmouth
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   A
                   good
                   Harbor
                   within
                   that
                   Bay.
                   
                
              
               
                 Sandwich
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Ancociscos
                 Mount.
                 
              
               
                 Shuters
                 hill
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                 Ancocisco
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Base
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Anmoughcawgen
                 .
              
               
                 Cambridge
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Kenebecka
                 .
              
               
                 Edenborow
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Sagadahock
                 .
              
               
                 Leth.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Pemmayquid
                 .
              
               
                 S.
                 Iohns
                 towne
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Segocket
                 .
              
               
                 Norwich
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Mecadacut
                 .
              
               
                 Dunbarton
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Pennobscot
                 .
              
               
                 Aberden
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Nusket
                 .
              
               
                 Low
                 mounds
                 ,
              
            
             
               
                 Monahigan
                 .
              
               
                 Barties
                 Iles.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Matinack
                 .
              
               
                 Willowbies
                 Iles.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Metinacus
                 .
              
               
                 Haughtons
                 Iles.
                 
              
            
          
        
         
           
             But
             whosoeuer
             desireth
             to
             know
             as
             much
             as
             yet
             can
             be
             discouered
             ,
             I
             aduise
             them
             to
             buy
             Captaine
          
           Iohn
           Smiths
           
             booke
             of
             the
             description
             of
          
           New
           England
           
             in
             Folio
             ;
             and
             reade
             from
             Fol.
             203.
             to
             the
             end
             ;
             and
             there
             let
             the
             Reader
             expect
             to
             haue
             full
             content
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .