A description of the King's royal palace and gardens at Loo together with A short account of Holland in which there are some observations relating to their diseases / by Walter Harris ...
         Harris, Walter, 1647-1732.
      
       
         
           1688
        
      
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             A description of the King's royal palace and gardens at Loo together with A short account of Holland in which there are some observations relating to their diseases / by Walter Harris ...
             Harris, Walter, 1647-1732.
          
           [6], 72 p., [1] leaf of plates : 1 folded ill.
           
             Printed by R. Roberts and sold by J. Nutt ...,
             London :
             1699.
          
           
             Reproduction of original in Union Theological Seminary Library, New York.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Loo (Apeldoorn, Netherlands)
           Netherlands -- Description and travel.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           DESCRIPTION
           OF
           The
           KING'
           's
           Royal
           Palace
           AND
           Gardens
           at
           LOO
           .
        
         
           TOGETHER
           With
           a
           Short
           Account
           of
           HOLLAND
           .
        
         
           In
           which
           There
           are
           some
           Observations
           relating
           to
           their
           DISEASES
           .
        
         
           By
           
             WALTER
             HARRIS
          
           ,
           M.
           D.
           Physician
           in
           Ordinary
           to
           His
           MAJESTY
           ,
           and
           Fellow
           of
           the
           College
           of
           Physicians
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           by
           
             R.
             Roberts
          
           ,
           and
           Sold
           by
           
             J.
             Nutt
          
           ,
           near
           
             Stationers
             Hall.
          
           MDCXCIX
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           PREFACE
           .
        
         
           THIS
           Description
           of
           the
           
             King's
             Palace
          
           ,
           and
           Gardens
           at
           Loo
           ,
           was
           most
           of
           it
           written
           at
           the
           Command
           of
           our
           late
           most
           
             Incomparable
             Queen
             ,
             of
             ever
             Glorious
             Memory
             ,
          
           who
           was
           not
           displeased
           with
           the
           Sight
           of
           it
           ;
           and
           who
           ,
           though
           she
           Honoured
           this
           
             Royal
             Fabrick
          
           with
           the
           laying
           its
           
             first
             Stone
          
           ,
           yet
           could
           never
           have
           the
           Pleasure
           of
           seeing
           it
           Perfected
           :
           The
           Wise
           and
           Good
           Queen's
           Presence
           being
           ,
           during
           the
           War
           ,
           most
           Necessary
           within
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           whilst
           His
           Majesty
           exposed
           His
           
             Royal
             Person
          
           in
           the
           Field
           ,
           for
           the
           Preservation
           of
           us
           all
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           Benefit
           of
           Mankind
           ;
           and
           did
           so
           eminently
           signalize
           himself
           abroad
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           
             Martial
             Virtues
          
           which
           are
           reported
           in
           History
           to
           have
           belong'd
           unto
           any
           the
           most
           Renowned
           of
           the
           Roman
           or
           
             Grecian
             Heroes
          
           ,
           have
           been
           evidently
           conspicuous
           ,
           and
           United
           together
           in
           His
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           Since
           this
           Description
           was
           first
           written
           ,
           it
           has
           been
           Corrected
           and
           Enlarged
           ,
           by
           the
           frequent
           Opportunities
           I
           have
           had
           ,
           of
           walking
           over
           the
           Gardens
           ,
           in
           
           the
           five
           Years
           time
           that
           I
           had
           the
           Honour
           to
           wait
           upon
           His
           Majesty
           abroad
           .
           And
           the
           Reading
           it
           must
           give
           some
           Diversion
           to
           the
           Curious
           ,
           as
           the
           Writing
           it
           was
           pleasing
           to
           me
           .
           Also
           Persons
           of
           Quality
           ,
           and
           Great
           Fortunes
           ,
           may
           here
           find
           many
           things
           to
           Admire
           ,
           and
           also
           to
           Imitate
           ,
           if
           they
           please
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           taking
           their
           Summer
           Diversions
           at
           their
           Country
           Seats
           .
        
         
           As
           for
           what
           I
           add
           ,
           in
           the
           Account
           of
           Holland
           ,
           I
           shall
           only
           tell
           you
           ,
           I
           considered
           that
           a
           Description
           cannot
           possibly
           represent
           things
           with
           that
           pleasure
           and
           advantage
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           Seen
           upon
           the
           Place
           ;
           and
           I
           thought
           a
           few
           
             Common
             Observations
          
           I
           made
           in
           Holland
           ,
           and
           which
           I
           have
           recollected
           upon
           the
           Printing
           this
           Description
           ,
           would
           not
           be
           unacceptable
           to
           some
           Persons
           ,
           for
           
             Variety
             sake
          
           ;
           though
           I
           have
           been
           guilty
           of
           many
           Omissions
           ,
           rather
           than
           I
           would
           be
           tedious
           ,
           by
           
             Consulting
             Authors
          
           ,
           or
           reciting
           any
           of
           their
           Observations
           ,
           who
           have
           taken
           Pains
           upon
           this
           Subject
           ,
           and
           been
           more
           large
           and
           accurate
           in
           their
           Performances
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           TABLE
           of
           the
           Chapters
           .
        
         
           
             THE
             Introduction
             .
             
               Page
               I
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               I.
               
            
             Of
             the
             Situation
             of
             the
             Palace
             and
             Gardens
             .
             Of
             the
             Court
             before
             the
             Palace
             .
             A
             short
             view
             of
             the
             Palace
             it self
             ;
             and
             a
             summary
             Account
             of
             all
             the
             Gardens
             in
             General
             .
             
               p.
               6
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               II.
               
            
             A
             Description
             of
             the
             
               Great
               Garden
            
             ,
             next
             behind
             the
             Palace
             ;
             and
             first
             of
             that
             part
             of
             it
             ,
             called
             the
             
               Lower
               Garden
               .
               p.
               12
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               III.
               
            
             Of
             the
             second
             part
             of
             the
             
               Great
               Garden
            
             ,
             called
             the
             
               Upper
               Garden
            
             :
             Together
             with
             the
             Middle
             Walk
             ,
             and
             Canals
             ,
             which
             do
             divide
             this
             Garden
             into
             the
             
               two
               Parts
               .
               p.
               20
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               IV.
               
            
             Of
             the
             
               Kings
               Garden
            
             ,
             and
             ,
             Westward
             of
             it
             ,
             a
             Labyrinth
             ,
             or
             
               Wilderness
               .
               p.
               26
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               V.
               
            
             Of
             the
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             ,
             and
             another
             Wilderness
             ,
             beyond
             it
             Eastward
             .
             
               p.
               29
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               VI.
               
            
             Of
             the
             Voliere
             ,
             or
             
               Fowl-Garden
               .
               p.
               35
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               VII
               .
            
             Of
             the
             Park
             ,
             and
             its
             
               Fountains
               ,
               Canal
               ,
               Cascade
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             Of
             the
             Viver
             ,
             that
             supplies
             the
             
               Fountains
               ,
               Cascades
            
             ,
             and
             Canals
             ,
             with
             water
             .
             Also
             a
             Description
             of
             fix
             other
             Vivers
             ,
             or
             
               Fishponds
               .
               p.
               38
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           Short
           Account
           of
           HOLLAND
           .
        
         
           The
           CONTENTS
           .
        
         
           THAT
           the
           Gardens
           at
           Loo
           were
           finished
           
             during
             the
             War
          
           ;
           when
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           put
           a
           stop
           to
           all
           his
           Publick
           Works
           ,
           
             p.
             49.
          
           
           The
           occasion
           of
           this
           
             Account
             ,
             50.
          
           
           Of
           the
           Courage
           of
           the
           Low-Country
           Men
           ,
           ibid.
           A
           preference
           of
           the
           English
           to
           all
           others
           in
           that
           respect
           ,
           51.
           
           Their
           preference
           in
           former
           times
           ,
           52.
           
           In
           Turenne's
           time
           ,
           ib.
           At
           the
           Siege
           of
           
             Namur
             ,
             ib.
          
           Of
           how
           great
           Consideration
           the
           Goodness
           of
           a
           General
           is
           to
           an
           
             Army
             ,
             53.
          
           
           A
           remarkable
           Instance
           of
           it
           in
           the
           Revolution
           that
           happened
           in
           
             1672.
             ib.
          
           Of
           the
           Unanimity
           of
           the
           
             Dutch
             ,
             54.
          
           
           Their
           great
           deference
           to
           His
           
           Majesty's
           Wisdom
           ,
           ib.
           Of
           the
           Province
           of
           Holland
           more
           particularly
           ,
           55.
           
           The
           
             Low
             Countries
          
           why
           so
           called
           ,
           ib.
           Of
           the
           Canals
           in
           
             Holland
             ,
             ib.
          
           Their
           Water
           not
           offensive
           ,
           56.
           
           No
           Variety
           of
           Objects
           to
           be
           seen
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           ib.
           A
           recommendation
           of
           the
           Country
           about
           
             Dort
             ,
             57.
          
           
           Of
           the
           
             Dutch
             Brabant
             ,
             ib.
          
           Of
           a
           
             Noble
             Seat
          
           near
           
             Zutphen
             ,
             58.
          
           
           Of
           
             Zealand
             ,
             ib.
          
           The
           good
           effects
           that
           Travelling
           abroad
           has
           ,
           or
           ought
           to
           have
           ,
           59.
           
           How
           a
           Traveller
           ought
           to
           demean
           himself
           in
           
             Holland
             ,
             ib.
          
           Of
           their
           
             Taxes
             ,
             61.
          
           
           Of
           their
           
             Justice
             ,
             ib.
          
           Their
           Musick-Houses
           at
           
             Amsterdam
             ,
             62.
          
           
           Of
           their
           
             Food
             ,
             63.
             
             Beer
          
           ,
           and
           
             Wines
             ,
             ib.
          
           Of
           their
           
             Discases
             ,
             64.
          
           
           And
           particularly
           their
           Fevers
           and
           
             Agues
             ,
             65.
          
           
           Of
           their
           
             Phlebotomy
             ,
             68.
          
           
           Why
           the
           Dutch
           have
           so
           
             few
             Coughs
          
           ,
           and
           we
           so
           many
           ,
           69.
           
           Of
           their
           provision
           for
           the
           
             Poor
             ,
             ib.
          
           Of
           their
           Charity
           in
           
             Churches
             ,
             ib.
          
           Their
           
             Apparel
             ,
             70.
          
           
           In
           what
           respect
           the
           Dutch
           do
           deserve
           great
           Consideration
           from
           us
           ,
           71.
           
           A
           remarkable
           Observation
           of
           the
           
             Emperor
             Charles
          
           the
           Fifth
           ,
           against
           
             Bigotry
             ,
             ib.
          
           A
           strict
           Alliance
           ,
           and
           good
           understanding
           between
           England
           and
           Holland
           ,
           never
           more
           necessary
           than
           at
           present
           ,
           72.
           
        
         
         
         
           
             
               A
               Prospect
               of
               the
               King's
               Palace
               ,
               and
               gardens
               at
               loo
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   A.
                   The
                   Palace
                   .
                
                 
                   B.
                   The
                   Stables
                   .
                
                 
                   C.
                   Other
                   Stabes
                   .
                
                 
                   D.
                   Offices
                   .
                
                 
                   E.
                   Orangery
                   .
                
                 
                   F.
                   Fountain
                   .
                
                 
                   G.
                   Lower
                   Garden
                
                 
                   H.
                   Upper
                   Garden
                
                 
                   I.
                   The
                   King's
                   Garden
                   .
                
                 
                   K.
                   Bowling
                   green
                   .
                
                 
                   L.
                   The
                   Queen's
                   Garden
                   .
                
                 
                   M.
                   A
                   wilderness
                   .
                
                 
                   N.
                   Another
                   .
                
                 
                   O.
                   The
                   Old
                   Court.
                   
                
                 
                   P.
                   The
                   Fowl
                   Garden
                
                 
                   Q.
                   The
                   Park
                   .
                
              
            
             
               M.
               Vander
               Gucht
               
                 Scul
              
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           A
           Description
           of
           HIS
           MAJESTY'S
           Palace
           of
           Gardens
           of
           LOO
           :
           Together
           with
           Some
           Account
           of
           the
           People
           and
           Country
           .
        
         
           
             The
             INTRODUCTION
             .
          
           
             NOTHING
             does
             give
             Posterity
             so
             Noble
             an
             Idea
             of
             former
             Times
             ,
             as
             the
             Magnificence
             of
             their
             Buildings
             .
             The
             Remains
             we
             still
             have
             of
             the
             Roman
             Greatness
             in
             their
             Publick
             Structures
             are
             enough
             to
             merit
             our
             highest
             admiration
             .
             The
             Ruins
             of
             their
             Amphitheatres
             as
             they
             are
             now
             to
             be
             seen
             ,
             their
             immense
             Obelisks
             ,
             their
             prodigious
             sAquoeducts
             ,
             their
             splendid
             Palaces
             and
             Temples
             ,
             their
             subterranean
             Catacombs
             ,
             and
             even
             their
             
               Via
               Appia
            
             ,
             and
             Flaminea
             ,
             or
             their
             Causeways
             that
             were
             made
             near
             Two
             thousand
             Years
             ago
             ,
             when
             Rome
             was
             a
             Republick
             ,
             with
             a
             Stone
             so
             hard
             ,
             and
             so
             firmly
             laid
             ,
             as
             still
             to
             remain
             entire
             a
             good
             way
             in
             many
             Places
             ,
             are
             all
             Objects
             so
             conspicuous
             ,
             and
             so
             durable
             in
             their
             kinds
             ,
             that
             some
             of
             
             them
             are
             like
             to
             continue
             to
             the
             end
             of
             the
             World
             everlasting
             Monuments
             of
             the
             just
             Veneration
             due
             to
             Ancient
             Times
             ,
             of
             their
             admirable
             Skill
             ,
             if
             not
             Perfection
             in
             Architecture
             ;
             and
             in
             a
             word
             ,
             as
             undoubted
             Testimonies
             of
             the
             Splendor
             and
             Magnificence
             of
             the
             
               Greatest
               People
            
             that
             ever
             were
             recorded
             in
             History
             .
          
           
             What
             can
             give
             us
             such
             a
             representation
             of
             the
             Pomp
             and
             Grandeur
             of
             the
             Kings
             of
             Aegypt
             ,
             as
             the
             Wonderful
             Pyramids
             there
             to
             be
             seen
             ,
             and
             the
             illustrious
             Ruins
             of
             
               Grand
               Cairo
            
             and
             Alexandria
             !
          
           
             Our
             English
             indeed
             have
             bestowed
             their
             Munisicence
             chiefly
             in
             lasting
             Monuments
             of
             their
             Piety
             ,
             in
             erecting
             abundance
             of
             the
             Noblest
             Cathedrals
             that
             can
             anywhere
             be
             seen
             .
             And
             England
             may
             deservedly
             glory
             not
             only
             in
             the
             slately
             Cathedrals
             she
             built
             at
             home
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             in
             her
             
               Palaces
               ,
               Universities
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Publick
             and
             Private
             Buildings
             ,
             but
             hath
             lest
             in
             France
             the
             lasting
             Evidences
             of
             her
             Magnificence
             ,
             by
             erecting
             those
             stately
             Nostredames
             at
             Paris
             ,
             at
             Amiens
             ,
             at
             Rouen
             ,
             &c.
             at
             a
             time
             when
             great
             part
             of
             France
             was
             under
             the
             
               English
               Dominion
            
             ,
             and
             when
             the
             rest
             of
             it
             did
             as
             much
             dread
             the
             
               English
               Power
            
             and
             Courage
             ,
             as
             themselves
             have
             of
             late
             years
             been
             a
             Terror
             to
             all
             their
             Neighbours
             .
             Nay
             at
             this
             present
             time
             ,
             by
             the
             
               Publick
               Authority
            
             (
             to
             our
             Honour
             and
             Renown
             be
             it
             spoken
             )
             there
             is
             now
             erecting
             ,
             and
             almost
             finished
             ,
             in
             her
             Metropolis
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             most
             Spacious
             and
             
               Magnificent
               Cathedrals
            
             that
             ever
             yet
             was
             built
             in
             the
             World
             ;
             and
             the
             which
             ,
             in
             the
             judgment
             of
             Travellers
             ,
             is
             like
             to
             emulate
             in
             its
             Structure
             ,
             even
             Saint
             Peter's
             at
             Rome
             ,
             and
             
               Sancta
               Sophia
            
             at
             Constantinople
             .
          
           
             His
             Majesty
             is
             possessed
             of
             many
             Noble
             and
             Stately
             Palaces
             both
             at
             home
             and
             abroad
             .
             Kensington
             and
             Hampton-Court
             are
             too
             well
             known
             to
             be
             more
             than
             
             mentioned
             .
             His
             Castle
             of
             Windsor
             may
             dispute
             for
             Excellency
             in
             many
             respects
             with
             most
             of
             the
             
               Royal
               Palaces
            
             in
             Europe
             .
             And
             at
             Winchester
             there
             is
             another
             of
             His
             
               Majesty's
               Palaces
            
             ,
             in
             a
             most
             admirable
             Situation
             for
             Health
             as
             well
             as
             Pleasure
             ,
             that
             wants
             but
             little
             of
             being
             finished
             .
             I
             cannot
             but
             wish
             this
             last
             were
             nearer
             to
             London
             ,
             or
             were
             thereby
             better
             situated
             for
             His
             
             Majesty's
             Convenience
             .
             For
             I
             have
             sensibly
             experienced
             the
             benefit
             of
             that
             Healthful
             Situation
             ,
             having
             had
             the
             Happiness
             to
             be
             Educated
             in
             the
             College
             at
             Winchester
             ;
             where
             in
             Seven
             Years
             time
             I
             never
             knew
             one
             of
             the
             Seventy
             Children
             of
             that
             College
             to
             dye
             ,
             although
             it
             be
             seated
             in
             the
             lowest
             ,
             and
             consequently
             the
             most
             unhealthy
             part
             of
             that
             City
             .
             And
             others
             have
             assured
             me
             ,
             that
             in
             Fifty
             Years
             past
             ,
             there
             have
             not
             died
             above
             four
             or
             five
             of
             that
             Excellent
             Seminary
             of
             Learning
             ,
             and
             most
             of
             those
             too
             by
             Violent
             Accidents
             ,
             not
             by
             Epidemical
             Diseases
             .
             The
             which
             is
             a
             Consideration
             worthy
             of
             the
             thoughts
             of
             such
             Parents
             ,
             who
             would
             do
             their
             utmost
             to
             preserve
             their
             Posterity
             ,
             and
             are
             desirous
             to
             breed
             their
             Children
             in
             the
             
               best
               School
            
             in
             England
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             
               Low
               Countries
            
             ,
             in
             Brabant
             ,
             and
             elsewhere
             ,
             His
             
             Majesty's
             Ancient
             Hereditary
             Palaces
             are
             dispersed
             in
             great
             number
             .
             The
             
               Royal
               Palace
            
             and
             Gardens
             at
             Loo
             are
             the
             Subject
             of
             the
             ensuing
             Discourse
             .
             I
             will
             only
             mention
             Dieren
             ,
             an
             Ancient
             Seat
             of
             the
             most
             
               Illustrious
               House
            
             of
             Nassaw
             ,
             five
             Leagues
             from
             
               Loo
               ;
               Honslaer-Dike
            
             ,
             two
             Leagues
             from
             the
             
               Hague
               ;
               Soestdike
            
             ,
             not
             far
             from
             Utrecht
             ;
             the
             Castle
             of
             Breda
             ,
             made
             much
             more
             Illustrious
             of
             late
             by
             His
             
               Majesly
               ;
               Ryswick
            
             the
             auspicious
             Place
             of
             Treaty
             of
             Peace
             ,
             and
             now
             rendred
             everlastingly
             famous
             by
             the
             conclusion
             of
             a
             Peace
             so
             Happy
             and
             so
             Honourable
             to
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             Europe
             .
             All
             
             which
             Palaces
             (
             except
             the
             last
             ,
             where
             the
             King
             has
             never
             resided
             ,
             it
             being
             so
             near
             the
             Hague
             )
             do
             remain
             nobly
             furnished
             for
             His
             
             Majesty's
             reception
             ,
             and
             have
             Gardens
             belonging
             to
             them
             that
             might
             merit
             a
             distinct
             Description
             .
          
           
             For
             Buildings
             or
             themselves
             ,
             howsoever
             Noble
             and
             Great
             ,
             do
             appear
             very
             deficient
             without
             the
             Ornament
             and
             Conveniencies
             of
             a
             
               Garden
               .
               Italy
            
             ,
             the
             Garden
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             and
             the
             great
             Repository
             of
             Rarities
             and
             Antiquities
             ,
             does
             now
             as
             much
             glory
             and
             pride
             her self
             in
             the
             Pomp
             ,
             and
             Ornaments
             ,
             and
             Conveniencies
             belonging
             to
             her
             Gardens
             ,
             as
             in
             any
             of
             her
             so
             much
             celebrated
             Curiosities
             .
             It
             is
             certainly
             one
             of
             the
             most
             innocent
             and
             sweetest
             Diversions
             that
             can
             be
             desired
             ;
             it
             gives
             easy
             opportunities
             for
             Retirement
             and
             Contemplation
             ,
             and
             conduces
             to
             the
             obtaining
             a
             chearful
             tranquillity
             of
             mind
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             preservation
             of
             a
             healthful
             temper
             of
             Body
             .
             It
             is
             a
             delight
             and
             satissaction
             to
             which
             some
             of
             the
             
               Greatest
               Princes
            
             and
             Noblemen
             in
             all
             Ages
             have
             had
             recourse
             ,
             after
             they
             had
             been
             satiated
             and
             cloy'd
             with
             the
             pleasures
             and
             Vanities
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             or
             had
             been
             tired
             with
             the
             Crosses
             and
             Disappointments
             ,
             the
             Vexations
             and
             Troubles
             ,
             which
             do
             necessarily
             attend
             all
             Conditions
             of
             Life
             .
             And
             if
             there
             be
             any
             tolerable
             share
             of
             Happiness
             and
             Content
             to
             be
             any
             where
             enjoyed
             by
             an
             Innocent
             Man
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             hurry
             and
             noise
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             a
             compleat
             and
             spacious
             Garden
             ,
             furnished
             with
             variety
             of
             Walks
             and
             Groves
             ,
             and
             adorned
             with
             
               Fountains
               ,
               Cascades
               ,
               Grottoes
            
             ,
             &c.
             must
             do
             very
             much
             towards
             the
             obtaining
             even
             a
             Paradise
             upon
             Earth
             .
          
           
             The
             Gardens
             of
             Loo
             are
             become
             so
             famous
             and
             remarkable
             to
             all
             the
             Provinces
             near
             them
             ,
             that
             Curious
             Persons
             from
             divers
             Parts
             of
             Germany
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             out
             
             of
             all
             the
             
               United
               Provinces
            
             ,
             do
             frequently
             resort
             thither
             to
             satisfy
             their
             Curiosity
             .
             I
             will
             not
             here
             enlarge
             in
             their
             praise
             and
             admiration
             ,
             but
             leave
             it
             to
             the
             Reader
             to
             make
             a
             true
             judgment
             of
             them
             from
             the
             Description
             it self
             ,
             which
             is
             at
             lest
             natural
             and
             plain
             ,
             and
             as
             perspicuous
             as
             the
             nature
             of
             such
             Descriptions
             (
             sometimes
             necessarily
             intricate
             through
             the
             great
             variety
             of
             matter
             )
             will
             admit
             ,
             though
             indeed
             very
             destitute
             of
             the
             ornaments
             and
             flourishes
             that
             are
             usually
             made
             in
             the
             
               describing
               Great
               Things
            
             ,
             to
             make
             them
             appear
             Greater
             than
             they
             really
             are
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             CHAP.
             I
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Situation
               of
               the
               Place
               and
               Gardens
               ;
               of
               the
               Court
               before
               the
               Palace
               ;
               a
               short
               view
               of
               the
               Palace
               it self
               ;
               and
               a
               summary
               Account
               of
               all
               the
               Gardens
               in
               general
               .
            
          
           
             HIS
             
               Majesty's
               Place
            
             and
             Gardens
             at
             Loo
             are
             situated
             on
             the
             cast-side
             of
             a
             large
             Sandy
             Heath
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             Veluwe
             ,
             a
             considerable
             part
             of
             the
             Province
             of
             Gelderland
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             
               Seven
               United
               Provinces
            
             .
             The
             Heath
             is
             extended
             Southward
             unto
             the
             Rhine
             ,
             and
             Northward
             unto
             the
             Zuyder
             ,
             or
             
               South
               Sea
            
             ;
             Westward
             it
             runs
             almost
             to
             Amersfort
             ,
             or
             within
             less
             than
             two
             Leagues
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             Eastward
             it
             is
             extended
             to
             the
             Issel
             ,
             a
             considerable
             River
             that
             divides
             Overyssell
             from
             the
             
               Veluwe
               .
               Loo
            
             is
             three
             Leagues
             from
             Deventer
             ,
             five
             from
             Harderwick
             on
             the
             South-Sea
             ,
             five
             from
             Dieren
             ,
             another
             of
             His
             
               Majesty's
               Places
            
             ,
             six
             from
             Arnheim
             ,
             and
             twelve
             Leagues
             or
             Hours
             from
             Utrecht
             .
             It
             is
             an
             excellent
             Country
             for
             Hunting
             ,
             and
             abounds
             with
             Staggs
             ,
             some
             Roe-bucks
             ,
             the
             Wild
             
               Boar
               ,
               Foxes
               ,
               Hares
            
             ,
             and
             some
             Wolfs
             .
             It
             is
             no
             less
             excellent
             for
             Fowling
             ,
             and
             has
             good
             store
             of
             
               Woodcocks
               ,
               Partridges
               ,
               Pheasants
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             In
             a
             Wood
             near
             Loo
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             Herniary
             for
             Hawking
             ;
             and
             within
             a
             league
             of
             it
             North-cast
             ,
             His
             Majesty
             has
             of
             late
             caused
             to
             be
             made
             an
             Excellent
             Decoy
             ,
             which
             supplies
             his
             Family
             with
             good
             store
             of
             Ducks
             and
             Teale
             .
             And
             in
             the
             Heath
             beyond
             the
             Gardens
             ,
             there
             are
             six
             Vivers
             or
             large
             Fish-ponds
             ,
             somewhat
             after
             the
             model
             or
             resemblance
             of
             those
             in
             Hide-Park
             ,
             the
             one
             communicating
             with
             the
             other
             .
             You
             will
             sind
             them
             described
             
             at
             the
             end
             of
             this
             Treatise
             ,
             in
             the
             Seventh
             Chapter
             .
          
           
             The
             
               New
               Palace
            
             ,
             lately
             built
             by
             His
             Majesty
             ,
             is
             near
             unto
             the
             
               Old
               Hoof
            
             ,
             or
             
               Old
               Court
            
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             Castle
             surrounded
             with
             a
             broad
             Moat
             ,
             and
             purchased
             about
             12
             or
             14
             Years
             ago
             from
             the
             
               Seigneur
               de
               Laeckhuysen
            
             ,
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             this
             Country
             .
             They
             are
             separated
             from
             one
             another
             only
             by
             some
             of
             the
             Gardens
             ,
             which
             lye
             on
             the
             West-side
             of
             the
             
               New
               Palace
            
             .
             The
             Gardens
             are
             most
             Sumptuous
             and
             Magnificent
             ,
             adorned
             with
             great
             variety
             of
             most
             Noble
             
               Fountains
               ,
               Cascades
               ,
               Parterres
               ,
               Gravel
               Walks
               ,
            
             and
             
               Green
               Walks
               ,
               Groves
               ,
               Statues
               ,
               Urns
               ,
               Paintings
               ,
               Seats
               ,
            
             and
             pleasant
             Prospects
             into
             the
             Country
             .
          
           
             Before
             the
             Gate
             that
             enters
             into
             the
             Court
             of
             the
             Palace
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             broad
             Green
             Walk
             between
             a
             double
             row
             of
             Oaks
             ,
             half
             a
             mile
             long
             ;
             and
             at
             the
             end
             of
             this
             Walk
             next
             to
             the
             Heath
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             Gate
             of
             Iron
             Rails
             between
             double
             Stone
             Pillars
             of
             an
             Ancient
             Model
             ,
             the
             Pillars
             being
             about
             a
             yard
             distant
             from
             each
             other
             ,
             and
             joined
             at
             the
             top
             by
             a
             
               Crown
               Work
            
             on
             each
             side
             ,
             wherein
             is
             cut
             His
             
               Majesty's
               Cypher
            
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             bottom
             by
             a
             Stone
             Ground-work
             ,
             or
             Supporters
             .
             The
             Golumns
             are
             of
             a
             good
             heighth
             .
             Before
             this
             Gate
             there
             are
             
               three
               Walks
            
             between
             Trees
             for
             a
             Mile
             ,
             or
             more
             ,
             farther
             into
             the
             Heath
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             South-side
             of
             the
             Palace
             we
             do
             enter
             through
             a
             large
             Gate
             of
             Iron
             Bars
             ,
             painted
             Blew
             and
             Gildel
             ,
             into
             a
             
               Quadrangular
               Court
            
             ,
             of
             which
             the
             whole
             Soughtside
             hath
             Iron
             Rails
             alike
             Painted
             and
             Gilded
             .
             The
             Rails
             are
             placed
             on
             a
             low
             Brick
             Wall
             that
             is
             covered
             with
             Free-stone
             the
             whole
             length
             ,
             five
             Inches
             above
             the
             Brick
             .
             Among
             these
             Iron
             Rails
             ,
             which
             do
             rise
             above
             eight
             Foot
             higher
             than
             the
             Wall
             ,
             there
             are
             at
             
             due
             distance
             eight
             and
             twenty
             Pilasters
             ,
             every
             one
             of
             them
             of
             
               one
               entire
               Stone
            
             .
             The
             East-side
             of
             the
             Court
             does
             contain
             Offices
             and
             Chambers
             for
             the
             Officers
             and
             Servants
             of
             His
             
               Majesty's
               Houshold
            
             .
             On
             the
             West-side
             of
             the
             Court
             are
             the
             
               King's
               Stables
            
             ,
             and
             in
             these
             are
             kept
             Horses
             for
             His
             
               Majesty
               's
               own
               riding
            
             .
             And
             at
             the
             end
             of
             this
             Stable
             ,
             adjoining
             to
             the
             Rails
             before-mentioned
             ,
             there
             is
             another
             
               double
               Stable
            
             for
             His
             
               Majesty
               's
               other
               Horses
            
             ,
             and
             for
             those
             of
             some
             of
             his
             Servants
             ,
             extended
             Westward
             about
             eighty
             Paces
             on
             the
             Road
             that
             comes
             from
             Utrecht
             .
             At
             the
             other
             end
             of
             the
             Rails
             ,
             or
             adjoining
             to
             the
             East-side
             of
             the
             Court
             ,
             upon
             the
             Road
             ,
             there
             is
             another
             Row
             of
             Building
             ,
             in
             proportion
             to
             the
             Stables
             ,
             containing
             a
             Guard-house
             ,
             a
             large
             Orangery
             ,
             or
             Green-house
             ,
             the
             
               King's
               Coach-house
            
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Court
             there
             is
             a
             Fountain
             ,
             whose
             Basin
             consists
             of
             a
             wrought
             blew
             Stone
             ,
             and
             whose
             Stone-work
             is
             raised
             two
             Foot
             and
             a
             half
             high
             .
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Fountain
             there
             are
             four
             Marble
             Dolphins
             ,
             out
             of
             whose
             Mouths
             do
             fall
             four
             Sheets
             of
             Water
             ,
             to
             the
             East
             ,
             West
             ,
             North
             and
             South
             .
             The
             Dolphins
             are
             placed
             upon
             a
             Marble
             Pedestal
             ;
             their
             Tails
             are
             intertwisted
             ,
             and
             turned
             upward
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Pedestal
             .
             But
             this
             Fountain
             has
             been
             ordered
             to
             be
             changed
             into
             a
             Noble
             Cascade
             ,
             in
             a
             octangular
             Basin
             ,
             seven
             yards
             diameter
             .
             Next
             unto
             the
             Walk
             that
             encompasses
             this
             Fountain
             ,
             there
             are
             in
             this
             Court
             four
             Gazons
             ,
             or
             Green
             Plots
             ,
             with
             Walks
             on
             every
             side
             paved
             with
             Brick
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             North-side
             of
             the
             Court
             in
             the
             
               King's
               Palace
            
             ,
             to
             which
             we
             ascend
             by
             nine
             broad
             Stone-steps
             .
             The
             Palace
             is
             built
             of
             Brick
             ,
             and
             had
             the
             Honour
             to
             have
             its
             first
             Stone
             laid
             by
             the
             hands
             of
             the
             most
             Incomparable
             
             and
             Best
             of
             Queens
             ,
             her
             late
             Majesty
             of
             ever
             Blessed
             Memory
             .
             From
             the
             Front
             ,
             or
             Body
             of
             the
             House
             ,
             each
             Wing
             does
             stretch
             out
             in
             two
             Pavilious
             towards
             the
             two
             sides
             of
             the
             Court
             ,
             until
             the
             Wings
             and
             Sides
             do
             come
             to
             unite
             .
             Besides
             the
             Gate
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Front
             ,
             there
             are
             two
             others
             in
             the
             two
             outmost
             Pavilious
             .
             Over
             the
             Gate
             of
             the
             Front
             ,
             and
             the
             Garden-Gate
             ,
             and
             over
             the
             two
             outmost
             Pavilions
             ,
             there
             are
             Frontispieces
             ,
             or
             Relievos
             on
             high
             ,
             with
             Representations
             relating
             to
             Hunting
             .
             The
             Pilasters
             of
             all
             the
             Gates
             or
             Doors
             ,
             the
             Frize
             ,
             and
             the
             Cornishes
             of
             the
             Windows
             ,
             do
             consist
             of
             Free-stone
             .
             The
             Body
             of
             the
             Palace
             is
             Leaded
             above
             ,
             and
             adorned
             with
             Ballisters
             ;
             and
             it
             has
             large
             Shash-windows
             throughout
             .
             The
             Hall
             we
             do
             first
             enter
             into
             ,
             is
             paved
             with
             very
             large
             Black
             and
             White
             Marble
             .
             The
             Dining-room
             below
             is
             very
             remarkable
             throughout
             ,
             and
             especially
             in
             its
             Marble
             and
             Military
             Devices
             ,
             and
             glorious
             Gilding
             .
             The
             
               Great
               Room
            
             above
             ,
             that
             we
             do
             first
             enter
             into
             from
             the
             Stair-case
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Apartments
             ,
             is
             not
             only
             adorned
             with
             large
             Landskips
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Stair-case
             ,
             but
             is
             very
             resplendent
             with
             its
             Gilding
             on
             every
             side
             ,
             and
             throughout
             all
             the
             Cieling
             .
             The
             Rooms
             of
             State
             ,
             and
             the
             Bed-chambers
             ,
             and
             other
             Chambers
             ,
             are
             all
             provided
             and
             furnished
             after
             the
             Noblest
             manner
             ,
             for
             the
             entertainment
             and
             reception
             of
             
               Great
               Persons
            
             .
             But
             the
             Antichamber
             to
             His
             
               Majesty's
               Bed-chamber
            
             has
             most
             excellent
             Hangings
             ,
             representing
             the
             Functions
             or
             Duties
             of
             Cavalry
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             the
             Incampment
             of
             Horse
             ,
             their
             Foraging
             ,
             their
             making
             of
             Fascines
             ,
             and
             the
             Firing
             it self
             of
             two
             Parties
             of
             Horse
             in
             an
             Engagement
             ,
             most
             lively
             and
             naturally
             exprest
             ,
             in
             four
             several
             Pieces
             .
             The
             Chappel
             is
             handsomely
             Wainscoted
             ,
             and
             the
             whole
             so
             compleatly
             finished
             ,
             that
             nothing
             can
             be
             said
             to
             be
             
             wanting
             ,
             and
             no
             Cost
             spared
             in
             order
             to
             render
             the
             
               House
               Magniscient
            
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Gardens
             .
          
           
             When
             we
             have
             gone
             through
             the
             Hall
             of
             the
             Palace
             ,
             and
             advanced
             between
             a
             very
             large
             Stair-case
             on
             either
             hand
             ,
             we
             do
             come
             to
             the
             garden-Gate
             ,
             which
             is
             directly
             before
             the
             Entrance
             ,
             and
             consists
             of
             Iron
             Bars
             coriously
             wrought
             and
             painted
             .
          
           
             But
             before
             I
             describe
             particularly
             any
             of
             the
             Gardens
             ,
             it
             may
             not
             be
             amiss
             to
             take
             a
             short
             and
             general
             Prospect
             of
             them
             ,
             as
             also
             to
             name
             some
             of
             the
             most
             remarkable
             Fountains
             and
             Cascades
             in
             them
             ,
             that
             thereby
             the
             whole
             may
             in
             some
             of
             its
             Particulars
             be
             more
             distinctly
             comprehended
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             North-side
             of
             the
             Palace
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             large
             and
             most
             
               Magnisicent
               Garden
            
             ,
             the
             which
             is
             divided
             into
             two
             Parts
             ,
             the
             
               Lower
               Garden
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Upper
             :
             the
             two
             Divisions
             being
             separated
             by
             Canals
             ,
             by
             a
             low
             Wall
             ,
             and
             a
             broad
             Cross-walk
             ,
             in
             the
             which
             Cross-walk
             there
             are
             on
             each
             side
             a
             double
             row
             of
             tall
             Oaks
             ;
             but
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Walk
             a
             Considerable
             space
             is
             left
             open
             ,
             without
             Trees
             ,
             for
             the
             more
             convenient
             view
             of
             all
             the
             Fountains
             ,
             the
             Porticoes
             ,
             and
             the
             Cascades
             ,
             that
             are
             beyond
             the
             said
             Walk
             ,
             from
             the
             Garden-Gate
             of
             the
             Palace
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             partition
             of
             this
             Garden
             ,
             called
             the
             
               Lower
               Garden
            
             ,
             has
             a
             
               Terras
               Walk
            
             on
             three
             sides
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             here
             we
             behold
             straight
             before
             us
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Venus
             ,
             and
             beyond
             it
             another
             Fountain
             of
             a
             young
             Hercules
             .
             In
             the
             Cross-walk
             that
             goes
             between
             those
             two
             Fountains
             ,
             there
             is
             on
             the
             right
             hand
             a
             Fountain
             of
             a
             
               Celestial
               Globe
            
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             left
             such
             another
             
               Terrestrial
               Globe
            
             .
             And
             at
             the
             end
             of
             the
             same
             Walk
             on
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             upon
             the
             side
             of
             one
             Terras
             Walk
             ,
             there
             is
             the
             Cascade
             of
             Narcissus
             ,
             as
             also
             on
             the
             left
             ,
             
             upon
             the
             side
             of
             the
             opposite
             Terras
             Walk
             ,
             the
             Cascade
             of
             Galatea
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             
               Upper
               Garden
            
             we
             behold
             a
             most
             Noble
             Fountain
             ,
             with
             a
             Basin
             of
             a
             vast
             extent
             ,
             and
             with
             
               three
               and
               thirty
               Spouts
            
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             all
             throwing
             up
             the
             Water
             
               five
               and
               forty
               foot
               high
            
             .
          
           
             A
             little
             beyond
             this
             ,
             we
             see
             another
             Fountain
             ,
             wherein
             the
             Water
             rises
             in
             the
             form
             of
             a
             
               Peacock's
               Tail
            
             ,
             under
             which
             as
             also
             beyond
             it
             ,
             are
             divers
             Cascades
             .
             We
             do
             likwise
             here
             behold
             two
             large
             Porticoes
             ,
             or
             semicircular
             Cloisters
             ,
             with
             Rails
             over
             them
             ,
             and
             supported
             on
             divers
             Pillars
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             West-side
             of
             the
             Palace
             there
             is
             a
             Garden
             under
             His
             
             Majesty's's
             Apartments
             ,
             and
             called
             the
             
               King's
               Garden
            
             .
             This
             has
             a
             noble
             Fountain
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             adjoining
             to
             it
             there
             is
             a
             large
             Bowling-green
             .
          
           
             Beyond
             this
             Garden
             Westward
             ,
             there
             is
             another
             called
             the
             Labyrinth
             or
             Wilderness
             ,
             some
             of
             whose
             Fountains
             may
             be
             seen
             ,
             as
             also
             Statues
             in
             it
             ,
             and
             Painting
             ,
             from
             His
             
               Majesty's
               Bed-chamber
            
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             East-side
             of
             the
             Palace
             there
             is
             another
             Garden
             ,
             under
             the
             Apartments
             appointed
             for
             the
             Queen
             ,
             and
             called
             the
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             .
             This
             bears
             a
             just
             proportion
             with
             that
             of
             the
             
             King
             's
             ,
             and
             hath
             such
             another
             noble
             Fountain
             .
             And
             adjoining
             to
             this
             Garden
             fourthwards
             ,
             there
             are
             divers
             
               Arbor
               Walks
            
             ,
             with
             five
             Fountains
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             Parterres
             .
          
           
             Beyond
             the
             Wall
             of
             the
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             ,
             Eastward
             ,
             there
             is
             another
             handsom
             Garden
             for
             retirement
             ,
             or
             a
             Labyrinth
             ,
             answering
             the
             other
             ,
             with
             Fountains
             ,
             Statues
             ,
             Walks
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             From
             the
             Cross
             Walk
             that
             divides
             the
             Upper
             from
             the
             
               Lower
               Garden
            
             ,
             behind
             the
             Palace
             ,
             we
             go
             through
             Gates
             into
             the
             Voliere
             ,
             or
             
               Fowl
               Garden
            
             ,
             west
             from
             those
             
             others
             .
             And
             still
             farther
             Westward
             we
             enter
             into
             a
             large
             extent
             of
             ground
             ,
             called
             
               the
               Park
            
             ,
             wherein
             are
             to
             be
             seen
             the
             
               Long
               Canal
            
             with
             Spouts
             the
             whole
             length
             of
             it
             ,
             all
             rising
             in
             the
             form
             of
             an
             Arch.
             Beyond
             this
             ,
             is
             the
             
               Cypher
               Fountain
            
             and
             Cascade
             ,
             and
             beyond
             that
             the
             Viver
             ,
             or
             large
             Quadrangular
             Pond
             ,
             which
             contains
             the
             Water
             that
             supplies
             the
             
             Jette's
             ,
             and
             Cascades
             .
             Within
             this
             Park
             is
             also
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Faunus
             ,
             divers
             pleasant
             and
             long
             green
             Walks
             ,
             Nurseries
             of
             young
             Trees
             ,
             Groves
             ,
             and
             Canals
             ;
             and
             West
             of
             the
             Viver
             there
             is
             a
             fine
             Grove
             for
             solitude
             or
             retirement
             ,
             and
             called
             the
             
               Queen's
               Grove
            
             .
             Of
             all
             which
             now
             more
             at
             large
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             II
          
           
             
               Containing
               the
               Description
               of
               the
               
                 Great
                 Garden
              
               ,
               next
               behind
               the
               Palace
               ;
               and
               first
               of
               that
               part
               of
               it
               called
               the
               
                 Lower
                 Garden
              
               .
            
          
           
             SO
             soon
             as
             we
             have
             pass'd
             through
             the
             Place
             ,
             we
             do
             enter
             upon
             a
             very
             broad
             Terras-walk
             ,
             extended
             on
             the
             right
             and
             left
             the
             whole
             breadth
             of
             this
             Garden
             ,
             the
             which
             is
             continued
             forwards
             by
             a
             Brick-wall
             ,
             and
             by
             other
             Terras-walks
             on
             the
             right
             and
             left
             sides
             of
             it
             .
             The
             first
             Terras-walk
             is
             paved
             with
             Brick
             fourteen
             yards
             forwards
             ,
             between
             the
             Garden
             Gate
             and
             the
             Stone-steps
             ,
             by
             which
             we
             are
             to
             descend
             into
             the
             Garden
             .
             It
             is
             also
             paved
             with
             Brick
             thirty
             paces
             both
             to
             the
             right
             and
             left
             .
             From
             the
             said
             paving
             ,
             this
             Terras-walk
             is
             continued
             to
             the
             Garden
             Walls
             on
             each
             side
             ,
             in
             a
             green
             and
             gravel
             Walk
             .
             The
             middle
             part
             of
             this
             
             Walk
             is
             Green
             about
             sisteen
             foot
             ,
             and
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Green
             there
             is
             a
             Gravel-walk
             ,
             each
             of
             them
             ten
             foot
             broad
             .
          
           
             At
             both
             ends
             of
             this
             first
             Terras-walk
             we
             do
             ascend
             by
             seven
             Steps
             unto
             the
             side
             Terras-walks
             ,
             which
             are
             raised
             higher
             than
             the
             former
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             placing
             of
             those
             Noble
             Stone-sabricks
             that
             compose
             the
             Cascades
             of
             Narcissus
             and
             Galatea
             .
             These
             Terras-walks
             do
             ,
             like
             the
             former
             ,
             consist
             of
             a
             Green-walk
             in
             the
             middle
             ,
             and
             a
             Gravel-walk
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Green.
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             these
             side
             Terras-walks
             ,
             behind
             the
             Cascades
             ,
             there
             are
             Seats
             next
             to
             the
             Walls
             ,
             and
             painted
             Green.
             
          
           
             From
             the
             
               first
               Terras-walk
            
             ,
             near
             the
             Garden-gate
             of
             the
             Palace
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             very
             large
             descent
             into
             the
             Garden
             ,
             first
             by
             three
             Semicircular
             Stone-steps
             ,
             and
             after
             a
             little
             space
             by
             fifteen
             Steps
             more
             ,
             all
             of
             a
             very
             large
             circumference
             ,
             the
             lowermost
             of
             those
             fifteen
             Steps
             being
             
               twenty
               eight
               yards
               round
            
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             right
             side
             of
             the
             foresaid
             Steps
             ,
             upon
             the
             Terras-walk
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             large
             Stone-Statue
             ,
             with
             a
             Hart
             behind
             it
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             left
             such
             another
             great
             Statue
             ,
             both
             lying
             or
             leaning
             on
             a
             distinct
             Basis
             ,
             and
             both
             holding
             under
             one
             Arm
             a
             Stone-vessel
             .
             These
             
               two
               Statues
            
             and
             intended
             to
             represent
             two
             great
             Rivers
             ,
             the
             Rhine
             and
             the
             Issel
             ,
             between
             the
             which
             Rivers
             ,
             the
             Veluwe
             ,
             and
             Loo
             are
             situate
             .
             Out
             of
             those
             Stone-vessels
             there
             runs
             Water
             ,
             which
             makes
             an
             
               unexpected
               Cascade
            
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             the
             Steps
             adjoining
             to
             the
             Wall.
             These
             Cascades
             are
             made
             from
             the
             said
             Stone-vessels
             ,
             on
             each
             side
             ,
             into
             seven
             double
             Basins
             ,
             one
             below
             another
             ,
             besides
             an
             eighth
             large
             single
             Basin
             ,
             which
             receives
             the
             Water
             of
             all
             the
             rest
             ,
             at
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Steps
             .
             All
             these
             Basins
             are
             of
             a
             blew
             Stone
             .
             The
             one
             half
             of
             
             these
             double
             Basins
             is
             raised
             two
             or
             three
             Inches
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             retain
             the
             Water
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             half
             is
             equally
             sunk
             or
             made
             lower
             ,
             that
             the
             sheet
             of
             Water
             may
             fall
             from
             the
             upper
             into
             the
             lower
             Basins
             .
          
           
             From
             all
             the
             three
             Terras-walks
             there
             is
             a
             Green
             slope
             ,
             reaching
             from
             those
             Walks
             above
             unto
             a
             low
             Brick-wall
             below
             ,
             that
             is
             only
             two
             foot
             high
             ;
             at
             the
             four
             corners
             of
             these
             Slopes
             ,
             in
             this
             Garden
             ,
             there
             are
             broad
             Steps
             for
             descending
             from
             the
             Walks
             above
             .
             And
             at
             the
             upper
             part
             of
             the
             
               Green
               Slopes
            
             there
             are
             abundance
             of
             little
             Pipes
             of
             water
             ,
             about
             a
             foot
             distance
             one
             from
             the
             other
             .
             Each
             of
             them
             hath
             a
             Copper
             head
             ,
             wherein
             there
             are
             four
             small
             holes
             ,
             through
             which
             the
             water
             is
             made
             to
             play
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             water
             the
             Slopes
             ,
             and
             to
             preserve
             them
             always
             Green.
             In
             the
             Summer
             Evenings
             they
             are
             made
             frequently
             to
             rain
             a
             small
             shower
             for
             the
             end
             aforcsaid
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             low
             Walk
             below
             the
             Green
             Slopes
             ,
             at
             every
             four
             yards
             distance
             ,
             there
             are
             white
             Stones
             ,
             each
             of
             them
             above
             a
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             square
             ,
             on
             every
             one
             of
             which
             there
             are
             Urns
             and
             noble
             Flowerpots
             placed
             ,
             or
             to
             be
             placed
             ,
             as
             on
             Bases
             :
             And
             some
             of
             them
             have
             representations
             of
             divers
             Ancient
             and
             
               Modern
               Curiosities
            
             carved
             upon
             them
             .
          
           
             And
             all
             along
             the
             Wall
             of
             the
             
               Lower
               Garden
            
             ,
             whither
             that
             which
             separates
             the
             first
             Terras
             Walk
             from
             the
             King
             's
             ,
             and
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             ,
             or
             those
             that
             separate
             the
             higher
             Terras-walks
             from
             the
             two
             Wildernesses
             ,
             those
             Walls
             have
             such
             white
             square
             Stones
             near
             about
             the
             same
             distance
             from
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             same
             purpose
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             top
             of
             the
             said
             green
             Slopes
             there
             do
             grow
             many
             
               Pyramidal
               Juniper-trees
            
             ,
             with
             other
             curious
             Shrubs
             intermixed
             among
             them
             .
             The
             Slope
             from
             the
             first
             Terras-walk
             to
             the
             low
             Walk
             at
             bottom
             is
             about
             
             eleven
             foot
             :
             but
             the
             Slopes
             from
             the
             side
             Terras-walks
             to
             the
             said
             low
             Wall
             have
             a
             descent
             of
             about
             fifteen
             foot
             ,
             these
             being
             raised
             higher
             than
             the
             former
             Walk
             ,
             on
             the
             account
             of
             the
             Cascades
             before-mentioned
             .
          
           
             When
             we
             have
             descended
             into
             the
             Garden
             by
             the
             foresaid
             eighteen
             Stone-steps
             ,
             we
             do
             enter
             upon
             a
             broad
             Gravel
             Walk
             ,
             into
             which
             advancing
             forty
             sive
             paces
             from
             the
             Steps
             ,
             we
             come
             to
             a
             Noble
             Fountain
             ,
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             whose
             Basin
             is
             a
             Marble
             Statue
             of
             Venus
             at
             full
             length
             ,
             and
             another
             of
             Cupid
             under
             her
             left
             hand
             ,
             he
             holding
             a
             gilded
             Bow.
             This
             Statue
             is
             supported
             on
             a
             small
             Whale
             for
             its
             Pedestal
             ,
             with
             four
             great
             gilded
             Tritons
             behow
             it
             ,
             a
             large
             gilded
             Shell
             being
             between
             each
             of
             the
             Tritons
             ,
             and
             each
             Triton
             blowing
             in
             a
             large
             Trumpet
             in
             one
             hand
             ,
             their
             other
             hand
             being
             dispofed
             in
             different
             postures
             .
             At
             the
             end
             of
             each
             Trumpet
             the
             water
             runs
             out
             in
             a
             broad
             sheer
             ,
             incircling
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             broad
             end
             of
             the
             Trumpet
             .
             Also
             about
             the
             Tritons
             there
             are
             many
             gilded
             Rushes
             ,
             and
             Water-lilly
             Flowers
             ,
             which
             do
             all
             contribute
             to
             the
             ornament
             of
             this
             
               Magnificent
               Fountain
            
             .
             On
             the
             right
             and
             left
             of
             this
             Statue
             ,
             Within
             the
             same
             Basin
             ,
             as
             also
             before
             and
             behind
             the
             Statue
             ,
             there
             are
             four
             Gilded
             Swans
             ,
             which
             do
             spout
             the
             water
             in
             broad
             sheets
             towards
             the
             Statue
             ;
             and
             all
             the
             Swans
             are
             raised
             a
             little
             above
             the
             water
             .
             The
             Basin
             is
             bordered
             with
             a
             blew
             Stone
             about
             sixteen
             inches
             breadth
             .
             It
             has
             four
             Angles
             ,
             but
             on
             the
             four
             sides
             where
             the
             Swans
             are
             placed
             ,
             it
             has
             a
             circumflexion
             or
             semicircular
             cut
             into
             the
             Walks
             ,
             in
             form
             of
             four
             Half-moons
             .
          
           
             On
             either
             side
             of
             this
             
               broad
               Walk
            
             ,
             next
             to
             the
             Parterres
             ,
             both
             before
             we
             come
             to
             the
             foresaid
             Fountain
             ,
             and
             also
             on
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             Walk
             beyond
             the
             Fountain
             ,
             there
             are
             Spouts
             at
             proper
             distances
             in
             a
             distinct
             
             Canal
             ;
             and
             there
             are
             
               six
               Spouts
            
             in
             each
             of
             them
             ,
             which
             do
             throw
             up
             the
             water
             about
             a
             yard
             ,
             though
             of
             late
             those
             Spouts
             are
             now
             always
             stopt
             ,
             to
             avoid
             the
             inconvenience
             of
             the
             waters
             being
             blown
             on
             the
             Walk
             ,
             or
             on
             the
             Parterres
             .
             These
             Canals
             are
             walled
             with
             Free-stone
             ,
             and
             bordered
             with
             the
             same
             three
             inches
             breadth
             .
             They
             are
             each
             of
             them
             about
             eighty
             foot
             long
             ,
             and
             a
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             broad
             ,
             but
             in
             those
             parts
             where
             the
             Spouts
             are
             placed
             ,
             the
             Canals
             are
             widened
             unto
             three
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             squre
             every
             way
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             avoid
             the
             Winds
             blowing
             the
             water
             either
             on
             the
             Walk
             ,
             or
             Parterres
             .
             These
             Canals
             are
             paved
             ,
             after
             the
             Mosaick
             manner
             ,
             with
             Pebbles
             of
             a
             dark
             colour
             ,
             but
             the
             Figures
             that
             are
             made
             by
             the
             Pebbles
             ,
             and
             which
             run
             along
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Canals
             ,
             and
             especially
             about
             the
             Spouts
             ,
             are
             made
             in
             a
             long
             sort
             of
             Pebbles
             ,
             pure
             white
             and
             black
             ,
             of
             the
             Diamond
             cut
             .
          
           
             If
             we
             advance
             still
             forwards
             beyond
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Venus
             in
             the
             same
             Walk
             ,
             we
             behold
             another
             Noble
             Fountain
             ,
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             whose
             Basin
             is
             a
             young
             naked
             Hercules
             of
             Marble
             ,
             arising
             as
             from
             his
             Cradle
             ,
             also
             of
             Marble
             ;
             the
             Hercules
             squeezing
             a
             green
             Serpent
             in
             each
             hand
             ,
             and
             both
             the
             Serpents
             spirting
             the
             water
             about
             two
             yards
             above
             the
             Basin
             .
             On
             the
             right
             and
             left
             of
             the
             Hercules
             ,
             at
             a
             little
             distance
             ,
             within
             the
             same
             Basin
             ,
             there
             are
             placed
             two
             Dragons
             ,
             each
             spirting
             seven
             several
             
             Jette's
             towards
             the
             Hercules
             .
             The
             Basin
             of
             this
             Fountain
             is
             likewise
             bordered
             with
             a
             broad
             blew
             Stone
             ,
             sixteen
             inches
             breadth
             ;
             and
             paved
             with
             a
             Stone
             that
             is
             about
             a
             foot
             square
             .
          
           
             Turning
             out
             of
             the
             aforesaid
             Walk
             ,
             from
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Venus
             ,
             into
             a
             Cross-walk
             on
             the
             right
             ,
             we
             meet
             with
             a
             Fountain
             in
             the
             middle
             ,
             wherein
             is
             erected
             a
             
               Celestial
               Globe
            
             ,
             placed
             on
             a
             Marble
             Pedestal
             ,
             between
             
             which
             Pedestal
             and
             the
             Globe
             there
             are
             four
             naked
             Boys
             in
             Marble
             ,
             incircling
             one
             another
             in
             ther
             Arms.
             About
             the
             Globe
             the
             twelve
             Signs
             of
             the
             Zodiack
             are
             curiously
             painted
             ,
             the
             Stars
             Gilded
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             abundance
             of
             the
             Stars
             there
             do
             spout
             out
             Jettes
             on
             all
             sides
             of
             the
             Globe
             .
          
           
             Passing
             beyond
             this
             Globe
             ,
             we
             behold
             at
             the
             end
             of
             the
             Walk
             a
             most
             Noble
             Cascade
             ,
             a
             Fabrick
             of
             wrought
             Stone
             ,
             reaching
             from
             the
             Terras-walk
             above
             ,
             down
             to
             the
             Gravel-walk
             below
             .
             The
             water
             here
             falls
             out
             of
             the
             Mouth
             of
             a
             great
             Head
             at
             the
             top
             of
             the
             Structure
             (
             a
             round
             carved
             covered
             Basin
             being
             placed
             above
             the
             Head
             )
             into
             three
             great
             semi-oval
             carved
             Basins
             ,
             one
             below
             the
             other
             ,
             each
             of
             them
             being
             two
             yards
             in
             front
             ,
             besides
             the
             allowance
             of
             above
             two
             foot
             more
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             the
             two
             lowermost
             of
             those
             three
             Basins
             ,
             which
             two
             foot
             do
             serve
             for
             conveying
             the
             water
             that
             is
             to
             make
             the
             lesser
             sheets
             ,
             which
             will
             be
             presently
             mentioned
             .
             On
             both
             sides
             of
             the
             uppermost
             of
             those
             three
             Semi-oval
             Basins
             there
             is
             placed
             a
             Pine-apple
             in
             Stone
             ,
             by
             way
             of
             ornament
             ;
             and
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             the
             second
             of
             those
             Basins
             ,
             is
             erected
             a
             round
             scollopt
             Basin
             of
             two
             foot
             diameter
             ,
             that
             has
             a
             Spout
             in
             the
             middle
             ,
             which
             throws
             up
             the
             water
             about
             two
             foot
             .
             From
             three
             parts
             of
             those
             round
             scollopt
             Basins
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             from
             the
             whole
             front
             of
             the
             three
             great
             semi-oval
             Basins
             ,
             the
             water
             does
             fall
             into
             the
             uppermost
             of
             six
             lesser
             semi-oval
             Basins
             placed
             on
             each
             side
             .
             These
             lesser
             Basins
             are
             about
             a
             yard
             in
             front
             ,
             besides
             an
             allowance
             of
             about
             two
             more
             for
             the
             forming
             of
             the
             smaller
             falls
             of
             water
             that
             are
             now
             to
             be
             mentioned
             .
             On
             each
             side
             of
             the
             six
             lesser
             Basins
             ,
             both
             on
             the
             right
             and
             left
             of
             the
             Structure
             ,
             there
             are
             made
             little
             sheets
             of
             water
             one
             below
             another
             in
             six
             descents
             ,
             
             contiguous
             to
             those
             made
             from
             the
             foresaid
             lesser
             Basins
             .
             But
             at
             the
             bottom
             of
             this
             Fabrick
             ,
             between
             the
             falls
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             there
             is
             an
             excellent
             Statue
             of
             Narcissus
             at
             length
             in
             Marble
             ,
             standing
             upright
             ,
             but
             looking
             a
             little
             downward
             into
             the
             water
             in
             the
             common
             Basin
             ,
             or
             Receiver
             below
             ;
             and
             holding
             a
             
               Hunting
               Horn
            
             in
             one
             hand
             ,
             whilft
             he
             draws
             up
             the
             other
             by
             way
             of
             Admiration
             ,
             at
             the
             beholding
             his
             own
             reflection
             in
             the
             water
             .
          
           
             Again
             ,
             turning
             from
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Venus
             on
             the
             left
             hand
             the
             same
             distance
             in
             this
             Cross-walk
             ,
             as
             we
             did
             before
             from
             thence
             on
             the
             right
             to
             come
             to
             the
             
               Celestial
               Globe
            
             ,
             there
             is
             ,
             I
             say
             ,
             on
             the
             left
             such
             another
             Noble
             Fountain
             ,
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             which
             is
             crected
             a
             
               Terrestrial
               Globe
            
             .
             On
             this
             
               Globe
               ,
               Europe
               ,
               Asia
               ,
               Africa
            
             and
             America
             ,
             the
             four
             parts
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             are
             exactly
             painted
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             the
             several
             parts
             of
             it
             there
             do
             spring
             a
             great
             number
             of
             Spouts
             ,
             which
             throw
             up
             the
             water
             from
             all
             parts
             round
             it
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             former
             Globe
             .
             This
             is
             likewise
             placed
             on
             a
             high
             Pedestal
             ,
             round
             which
             there
             are
             four
             naked
             Boys
             in
             Marble
             ,
             the
             first
             with
             a
             Crown
             on
             his
             head
             ,
             the
             second
             with
             a
             Turhant
             ,
             the
             third
             a
             Negro
             in
             his
             short
             frizled
             hair
             ,
             and
             the
             fourth
             with
             long
             hair
             hanging
             down
             his
             back
             :
             The
             four
             Boys
             representing
             the
             Inhabitants
             of
             the
             four
             parts
             of
             the
             Earth
             .
          
           
             At
             the
             end
             of
             this
             Walk
             ,
             beyond
             this
             Globe
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             slope
             of
             the
             opposite
             Terras-walk
             ,
             there
             is
             such
             another
             admirable
             Cascade
             as
             was
             just
             now
             described
             .
             Only
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Cascade
             there
             is
             a
             Marble
             Statue
             of
             Galatea
             sitting
             with
             a
             Lute
             in
             her
             hand
             ,
             at
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Fabrick
             ,
             where
             Narcissus
             was
             placed
             in
             the
             former
             Cascade
             .
          
           
             All
             along
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Crofs-walk
             ,
             between
             
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Venus
             and
             each
             of
             the
             Globes
             ,
             as
             also
             between
             the
             Globes
             and
             the
             Cascades
             now
             deseribed
             ,
             there
             are
             little
             Canals
             without
             any
             Jette's
             in
             them
             ,
             of
             the
             same
             length
             and
             make
             with
             the
             others
             that
             were
             placed
             on
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             first
             Walk
             .
          
           
             This
             first
             Partition
             of
             the
             Garden
             ,
             that
             contains
             all
             the
             aforesaid
             Fountains
             and
             Cascades
             ,
             does
             likewise
             contain
             eight
             several
             Parterres
             ,
             all
             the
             Quarters
             being
             separated
             by
             Gravel-walks
             on
             every
             side
             .
             The
             four
             
               inmost
               Parterres
            
             do
             consist
             of
             divers
             Figures
             in
             Box
             ,
             encompassed
             with
             Beds
             of
             Flowers
             ,
             and
             in
             those
             Beds
             there
             are
             intermixed
             many
             Juniper
             Trees
             growing
             in
             Pyramidal
             forms
             about
             round
             and
             high
             Staves
             painted
             Green.
             But
             the
             four
             
               outmost
               Parterres
            
             do
             consist
             of
             
               Green
               Plots
            
             ,
             that
             haves
             Statues
             placed
             upon
             high
             Pedestals
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             every
             one
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             have
             Beds
             of
             Flowers
             a
             little
             interspersed
             among
             the
             
               Green
               Plots
            
             ,
             besides
             other
             Beds
             of
             Flowers
             on
             all
             the
             outsides
             of
             those
             Parterres
             ,
             next
             to
             the
             Gravel-walks
             .
             The
             Statues
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             those
             Green
             Quarters
             are
             excellently
             cut
             in
             Marble
             ;
             they
             are
             of
             Apollo
             and
             Pomona
             on
             one
             side
             of
             the
             Garden
             ,
             and
             of
             Bacchus
             and
             a
             Flora
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             standing
             upright
             on
             the
             foresaid
             Pedestals
             .
          
           
             The
             Beds
             and
             Parterres
             of
             this
             and
             the
             other
             Gardens
             ,
             are
             not
             only
             adorned
             with
             Pyramids
             of
             Juniper
             and
             Box
             ,
             and
             with
             Shrubs
             of
             Marshmallows
             of
             all
             colours
             ,
             but
             contain
             variety
             of
             Flowers
             ,
             which
             successively
             blow
             according
             to
             the
             Seasons
             of
             the
             Year
             .
             In
             the
             Spring
             there
             is
             a
             variety
             of
             the
             finest
             
               Tulips
               ,
               Hyacinths
               ,
               Ranunculi
               ,
               Anemond
               ,
               Auricula
               ursi
               ,
               Narcissus
               ,
               Junci
               ,
            
             &c.
             
             In
             the
             Summer
             there
             are
             double
             Poppies
             of
             all
             colours
             ,
             
               Gilliflowers
               ,
               Larks-heels
            
             ,
             &c.
             In
             the
             Autumn
             ,
             the
             
               Sun-Flower
               ,
               Indian
               Cresses
            
             ,
             the
             Pass-rose
             or
             
             
               Stock-rose
               ,
               Marygolds
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             On
             the
             Walls
             of
             these
             Gardens
             do
             grow
             great
             variety
             of
             most
             excellent
             Fruit
             ,
             as
             the
             best
             
               Peaches
               ,
               Apricocks
               ;
               Cherries
               ,
               Pears
               ,
               Figs
               ,
               Plums
               ,
               Muscant
               Grapes
            
             of
             all
             sorts
             ;
             and
             their
             props
             are
             every
             where
             painted
             Green.
             
          
           
             At
             four
             yards
             distance
             from
             the
             before-mentioned
             Fountain
             of
             Hercules
             ,
             we
             advance
             forwards
             unto
             two
             broad
             Stone-steps
             ,
             thirteen
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             in
             front
             ;
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             which
             Steps
             there
             are
             Stone-rails
             near
             five
             foot
             high
             ,
             and
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Rails
             are
             Pilasters
             of
             Stone
             ,
             which
             are
             raised
             a
             foot
             higher
             than
             the
             Rails
             .
             On
             the
             two
             Pilasters
             next
             to
             the
             Steps
             are
             placed
             two
             Beautiful
             Sphinxes
             with
             their
             Riddle
             express'd
             or
             carved
             ;
             and
             on
             the
             two
             others
             are
             seen
             two
             Wolfs
             in
             Stone
             ,
             each
             of
             them
             giving
             suck
             to
             a
             Romulus
             and
             Remus
             .
             From
             those
             Pilasters
             and
             Rails
             there
             is
             continued
             the
             whole
             breadth
             of
             the
             Garden
             a
             Brick-wall
             ,
             that
             is
             above
             four
             foot
             high
             ,
             wherein
             there
             are
             also
             divers
             Pillars
             of
             Brick
             ,
             faced
             with
             Free-stone
             ,
             for
             the
             placing
             of
             Flowerpots
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             III
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Second
               Part
               of
               the
               
                 Creat
                 Garden
              
               ,
               called
               the
               
                 Upper
                 Garden
              
               ;
               together
               with
               the
               
                 Middle
                 Walk
              
               ,
               and
               Canals
               ,
               which
               do
               divide
               this
               Garden
               into
               the
               two
               Parts
               .
            
          
           
             WHEN
             we
             are
             up
             the
             two
             Stone-steps
             now
             mentioned
             ,
             we
             pass
             over
             a
             Canal
             into
             the
             
               Middle
               Cross-walk
            
             ,
             that
             divides
             this
             Garden
             ,
             and
             is
             remarkable
             for
             its
             double
             row
             of
             tall
             Oaks
             on
             both
             
             sides
             of
             it
             .
             This
             Walk
             is
             eighteen
             yards
             broad
             from
             the
             two
             Stone-steps
             ,
             and
             Rails
             ,
             unto
             the
             Bridge
             over
             which
             we
             are
             to
             pass
             the
             second
             Canal
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             go
             into
             the
             
               Upper
               Garden
            
             .
             The
             
               first
               Canal
            
             is
             five
             foot
             broad
             ,
             the
             second
             is
             fourteen
             foot
             .
             They
             run
             from
             West
             to
             East
             ,
             and
             are
             supplied
             from
             Cascades
             that
             are
             made
             at
             the
             West-end
             of
             the
             foresaid
             Walk
             ,
             which
             has
             Iron-rails
             fastned
             in
             Free-stone
             ,
             that
             is
             half
             a
             foot
             above
             the
             Brick-wall
             ,
             and
             that
             hath
             also
             divers
             Stone-pilasters
             ,
             ten
             Inches
             broad
             ,
             and
             as
             high
             as
             then
             Iron-rails
             .
             Between
             those
             Rails
             there
             is
             a
             Gate
             of
             wrought
             Iron
             ,
             through
             which
             we
             are
             to
             pass
             into
             the
             Gardens
             near
             the
             
               Old
               Hoof.
            
             
          
           
             From
             a
             Marble
             Head
             ,
             placed
             in
             this
             Wall
             over
             the
             Canals
             ,
             there
             is
             on
             each
             side
             a
             double
             fall
             of
             Water
             into
             two
             Stone-Basins
             ,
             that
             are
             one
             below
             the
             other
             .
             The
             uppermost
             Basin
             is
             about
             a
             yard
             in
             front
             ,
             and
             the
             lowermost
             a
             yard
             and
             a
             half
             .
          
           
             About
             the
             Bridge
             of
             the
             
               second
               Canal
            
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             Stonework
             ,
             that
             is
             extended
             both
             East
             and
             West
             from
             the
             Bridge
             about
             sifteen
             foot
             .
             At
             both
             ends
             of
             this
             Stone-work
             ,
             which
             crosses
             the
             Canal
             ,
             a
             Fountain
             rises
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Crofs-wall
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             declivity
             of
             a
             Basin
             both
             ways
             forms
             a
             sheet
             of
             water
             both
             East
             and
             West
             ,
             and
             also
             the
             same
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             the
             Bridge
             .
             Moreover
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             Walls
             that
             are
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             this
             Canal
             ,
             and
             also
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Bridge
             ,
             there
             are
             other
             falls
             of
             water
             from
             Stone-basins
             ,
             besides
             some
             others
             in
             other
             parts
             of
             the
             Canal
             ,
             made
             by
             raising
             the
             water
             ,
             of
             stopping
             its
             passage
             ,
             to
             a
             certain
             heighth
             .
             These
             Canals
             are
             all
             along
             bordered
             with
             green
             Turf
             ,
             and
             have
             a
             green
             Slope
             reaching
             from
             the
             border
             down
             to
             the
             Water
             .
          
           
           
             Advancing
             forwards
             from
             the
             
               second
               Canal
            
             about
             a
             hundred
             Paces
             ,
             in
             a
             very
             broad
             Gravel-walk
             ,
             we
             come
             to
             a
             most
             
               Remarkable
               Fountain
            
             ,
             of
             a
             vast
             circumference
             .
             The
             Basin
             of
             it
             is
             Octangular
             ,
             and
             there
             are
             sixteen
             Paces
             distance
             between
             each
             of
             the
             eight
             Angles
             .
             In
             the
             whole
             it
             is
             a
             
               hundred
               and
               twenty
               eight
               Paces
               round
               .
            
             'T
             is
             bordered
             with
             a
             broad
             raised
             Stone-work
             ,
             and
             paved
             with
             Pebbles
             ,
             like
             many
             of
             the
             other
             Fountains
             ,
             in
             divers
             sorts
             of
             uniform
             Figures
             .
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             
               Great
               Basin
            
             there
             is
             a
             Spout
             that
             throws
             up
             the
             water
             
               forty
               four
            
             ,
             or
             
               forty
               five
               foot
               high
            
             perpendicular
             .
             And
             round
             about
             this
             Spout
             there
             are
             placed
             two
             ranks
             of
             other
             Spout
             ,
             each
             of
             the
             ranks
             containing
             sixteen
             ,
             which
             do
             all
             at
             a
             small
             distance
             encompass
             that
             High
             one
             in
             the
             middle
             .
             The
             inmost
             of
             these
             two
             ranks
             do
             throw
             up
             the
             water
             twelve
             foot
             high
             ,
             and
             the
             outmost
             rank
             six
             foot
             .
             This
             Noble
             Fountain
             containing
             no
             less
             than
             
               three
               and
               thirty
               Spouts
            
             ,
             does
             make
             an
             agreable
             shower
             of
             them
             together
             ,
             and
             must
             abundantly
             please
             and
             divert
             the
             most
             curious
             Spectator
             .
             The
             water
             of
             the
             Spout
             which
             throws
             it
             up
             so
             many
             foot
             high
             ,
             is
             brought
             from
             a
             Hill
             two
             Leagues
             distant
             from
             Loo
             ,
             and
             called
             Asselt
             .
             But
             the
             
               sixteen
               Spouts
            
             which
             do
             immediately
             encompass
             that
             High
             Spout
             ,
             are
             brought
             from
             another
             Source
             ,
             called
             Orden
             ,
             about
             a
             League
             off
             .
             And
             the
             rest
             of
             them
             are
             supplied
             from
             the
             Viver
             .
          
           
             A
             little
             beyond
             this
             Great
             Fountain
             ,
             in
             the
             same
             Walk
             ,
             we
             descend
             by
             three
             wide
             Stone-steps
             to
             another
             admirable
             Fountain
             ,
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             which
             there
             are
             four
             naked
             Boys
             in
             Marble
             ,
             with
             four
             Beasts
             between
             them
             ,
             those
             Boys
             and
             Beasts
             representing
             the
             
               four
               parts
               of
               the
               World.
            
             Over
             the
             
               Boys
               Heads
            
             there
             are
             four
             gilded
             
               scollop
               Shells
            
             ,
             and
             over
             the
             inmost
             part
             of
             
             those
             Shells
             a
             gilded
             
               Basin
               inverted
            
             .
             Out
             of
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Basin
             the
             water
             rises
             in
             form
             of
             a
             
               Peacock's
               Tail
            
             spread
             out
             at
             length
             ,
             about
             a
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             above
             the
             
               inverted
               Basin
            
             .
             This
             Fountain
             hath
             its
             Basin
             bordered
             with
             Free-stone
             ,
             sixteen
             inches
             broad
             ,
             and
             its
             Stone-work
             raised
             three
             or
             four
             inches
             .
             From
             the
             said
             Border
             to
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Basin
             ,
             there
             is
             rough
             Rockwork
             of
             divers
             Colours
             .
             But
             the
             bottom
             it self
             is
             bordered
             with
             White
             Marble
             ten
             inches
             round
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             bottom
             is
             paved
             with
             dark
             Pebble
             ,
             among
             which
             there
             are
             also
             intermixed
             Marble
             Stones
             in
             divers
             Figures
             .
          
           
             As
             we
             do
             ascend
             from
             this
             Fountain
             forwards
             ,
             we
             meet
             with
             a
             Fall
             of
             water
             from
             
               one
               semioval
               Stone
               Basin
            
             ,
             extended
             four
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             in
             front
             ,
             and
             placed
             between
             three
             Stone
             Steps
             on
             each
             side
             of
             it
             .
             At
             the
             four
             Corners
             of
             those
             Steps
             ,
             Bases
             are
             raised
             for
             the
             placing
             of
             Flower-pots
             .
             And
             round
             this
             Fountain
             there
             is
             a
             Green
             Slope
             equal
             to
             the
             height
             of
             the
             Steps
             ,
             by
             which
             we
             descend
             to
             ,
             or
             ascend
             from
             the
             aforesaid
             Fountain
             .
             Farthermore
             ,
             between
             those
             Steps
             and
             the
             Border
             of
             the
             Basin
             to
             this
             Fountain
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             round
             Gravel
             Walk
             above
             four
             yards
             broad
             .
          
           
             Going
             ten
             Paces
             forwards
             beyond
             the
             former
             Cascade
             ,
             we
             come
             to
             another
             ,
             where
             the
             Water
             falls
             from
             
               Three
               Stone
               Basins
            
             ,
             one
             below
             another
             ;
             whereof
             the
             uppermost
             is
             about
             three
             foot
             in
             front
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             middle
             four
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             ,
             and
             the
             lowermost
             five
             foot
             ,
             besides
             a
             farther
             extension
             of
             these
             Basins
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             for
             the
             making
             of
             lesser
             Sheets
             of
             Water
             of
             eleven
             inches
             each
             in
             front
             ,
             which
             are
             likewise
             one
             below
             another
             in
             three
             descents
             .
             Here
             is
             also
             an
             ascent
             of
             five
             stone
             steps
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             the
             Water
             ,
             with
             four
             
             Bases
             at
             the
             four
             Corners
             of
             those
             Steps
             ,
             for
             the
             placing
             of
             Flower-pots
             .
          
           
             So
             soon
             as
             we
             are
             up
             these
             Steps
             ,
             we
             do
             presently
             turn
             on
             the
             right
             and
             left
             of
             the
             Walk
             into
             
               Semicircular
               Galleries
            
             or
             Porticoes
             ,
             below
             which
             there
             are
             two
             Green
             Slopes
             ,
             one
             below
             the
             other
             ;
             and
             between
             those
             Slopes
             there
             are
             Flower-pots
             disposed
             the
             whole
             length
             of
             them
             .
             Each
             of
             these
             Galleries
             is
             forty
             paces
             long
             ,
             and
             about
             six
             yards
             broad
             ;
             and
             each
             of
             them
             is
             supported
             by
             
               twenty
               Pillars
            
             .
             They
             are
             covered
             with
             Lead
             to
             shelter
             from
             the
             Rain
             ,
             and
             have
             White
             Ballisters
             four
             foot
             high
             upon
             the
             Leads
             ,
             to
             which
             there
             is
             an
             ascent
             by
             Stairs
             behind
             the
             Galleries
             .
             On
             the
             Wall
             within
             the
             Galleries
             ,
             there
             are
             drawn
             the
             Gods
             and
             Goddesses
             at
             length
             in
             Fresco
             ,
             thirteen
             of
             them
             in
             each
             Gallery
             .
             They
             are
             paved
             with
             White
             and
             Red
             Brick
             .
             At
             the
             farther
             end
             of
             them
             there
             is
             a
             descent
             of
             seven
             Steps
             into
             the
             Garden
             .
          
           
             Beyond
             these
             Galleries
             the
             former
             Walk
             ●ontinues
             between
             Kitchen
             Gardens
             on
             our
             right
             and
             left
             ,
             but
             we
             cannot
             see
             them
             by
             reason
             of
             a
             Hedge
             of
             Dutch
             Elm
             five
             yards
             high
             .
             At
             the
             farther
             end
             of
             this
             Walk
             Northwards
             ,
             we
             come
             to
             another
             Cascade
             and
             Fountain
             .
             The
             Cascade
             is
             from
             one
             plain
             ,
             long
             Basin
             ,
             about
             eight
             foot
             in
             front
             .
             On
             both
             sides
             of
             it
             we
             do
             ascend
             by
             three
             Stone
             Steps
             that
             are
             five
             yards
             in
             length
             ,
             unto
             another
             Fountain
             ,
             that
             has
             no
             Spout
             in
             it
             .
             The
             Basin
             of
             it
             is
             oval
             ,
             and
             but
             seven
             foot
             in
             length
             .
             On
             both
             sides
             of
             this
             Fountain
             there
             are
             Seats
             ,
             covered
             above
             ,
             painted
             behind
             in
             Fresco
             ,
             and
             paved
             below
             with
             
               white
               Marble
            
             .
             The
             open
             space
             about
             this
             Fountain
             ,
             and
             between
             the
             Seats
             ,
             is
             paved
             with
             a
             Black
             ,
             White
             ,
             and
             Yellowish
             Pebble
             ,
             set
             in
             divers
             Figures
             .
          
           
           
             And
             here
             going
             up
             two
             Stone-steps
             more
             ,
             that
             are
             extended
             the
             whole
             breadth
             of
             the
             Walk
             ,
             we
             are
             stopt
             from
             going
             farther
             by
             large
             Iron
             Balusters
             ,
             and
             a
             Canal
             beyond
             them
             .
             In
             the
             Canal
             below
             ,
             there
             is
             another
             Fountain
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             Gardans
             ,
             made
             of
             Shells
             ,
             Petrified
             Earths
             ,
             or
             spungy
             Stones
             ,
             from
             the
             top
             of
             which
             the
             water
             does
             fall
             on
             three
             rows
             ,
             or
             Garlands
             of
             the
             same
             substances
             ,
             placed
             one
             below
             another
             .
             Lastly
             ,
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             this
             Fountain
             there
             are
             other
             Falls
             of
             water
             to
             be
             seen
             below
             .
          
           
             Nor
             is
             our
             view
             here
             limited
             ,
             though
             our
             passage
             be
             ;
             for
             looking
             on
             still
             forwards
             ,
             we
             carry
             our
             prospect
             between
             Trees
             ,
             unto
             a
             
               high
               Pyramid
            
             ,
             erected
             in
             the
             Heath
             ,
             about
             half
             a
             mile's
             distance
             from
             the
             end
             of
             the
             Garden
             .
          
           
             In
             this
             
               Second
               Division
            
             of
             the
             Garden
             there
             are
             twelve
             Parterres
             ,
             with
             Gravel-walks
             between
             them
             all
             .
             The
             six
             inmost
             Quarters
             adjoining
             ,
             three
             of
             a
             side
             ,
             to
             the
             middle
             Broad-walk
             ,
             through
             which
             we
             passed
             ,
             do
             consist
             divers
             Figures
             in
             green
             ,
             encompassed
             with
             Beds
             of
             Flowers
             ,
             in
             the
             which
             there
             are
             divers
             Juniper
             Trees
             growing
             up
             Pyramidal
             about
             green
             round
             Staves
             ,
             and
             placed
             at
             convenient
             distances
             .
             The
             six
             outermost
             of
             these
             Quarters
             ,
             next
             to
             the
             Garden-wall
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             are
             all
             plain
             green
             .
          
           
             From
             the
             low
             Wall
             at
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             first
             Terras-walk
             ,
             unto
             the
             Stone
             Rails
             or
             Steps
             in
             the
             
               Lower
               Garden
            
             on
             the
             South-side
             of
             the
             middle
             Cross-walk
             ,
             it
             is
             about
             a
             hundred
             and
             twelve
             Paces
             .
             And
             from
             the
             Steps
             of
             the
             side
             Terras-walk
             on
             the
             right
             ,
             unto
             the
             opposite
             Steps
             of
             the
             other
             Terras-walk
             on
             the
             left
             ,
             it
             is
             two
             hundred
             and
             twenty
             Paces
             .
          
           
             Beyond
             the
             aforesaid
             Cross-walk
             ,
             from
             thence
             unto
             the
             Galleries
             ,
             it
             is
             a
             hundred
             and
             forty
             Paces
             ;
             and
             
             thence
             to
             the
             
               Iron
               Bars
            
             at
             the
             farther
             end
             ,
             about
             a
             hundred
             Paces
             more
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             IV
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               
                 King's
                 Garden
              
               ,
               and
               another
               Westward
               of
               it
               ,
               called
               the
               Labyrinth
               .
            
          
           
             ON
             the
             West-side
             of
             the
             Palace
             ,
             under
             His
             
             Majesty's
             Apartments
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             Garden
             called
             the
             
               King's
               Garden
            
             ;
             which
             consists
             of
             two
             Divisions
             .
             The
             one
             has
             three
             Parterres
             ,
             and
             a
             Fountain
             near
             the
             middle
             of
             them
             .
             The
             other
             is
             a
             large
             Bowling-green
             .
             The
             three
             Parterres
             do
             consist
             of
             Beds
             of
             Flowers
             ,
             bordered
             with
             Box
             in
             divers
             figures
             ,
             with
             Pyramids
             of
             Juniper
             ,
             or
             Box
             ,
             in
             many
             parts
             of
             them
             .
             The
             Fountain
             is
             bordered
             with
             white
             Marble
             ,
             thirteen
             Inches
             broad
             :
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Fountain
             there
             is
             a
             gilded
             Triton
             ,
             holding
             under
             his
             left
             Arm
             a
             gilded
             Dolphin
             ,
             out
             of
             whose
             Mouth
             springs
             a
             Jette
             ,
             that
             throws
             up
             the
             water
             about
             six
             foot
             high
             .
             On
             the
             border
             of
             this
             Fountain
             there
             are
             placed
             at
             convenient
             distances
             eight
             gilded
             Sea-Dragons
             ,
             every
             one
             spirting
             the
             water
             upon
             the
             Triton
             in
             the
             middle
             .
          
           
             The
             Bowling-green
             lies
             on
             the
             South-side
             of
             this
             Garden
             ,
             and
             has
             the
             
               King's
               Stables
            
             adjoining
             on
             two
             sides
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             At
             the
             West-end
             of
             the
             Gravel-walk
             ,
             that
             is
             between
             the
             
               King's
               Garden
            
             and
             the
             Bowling-green
             ,
             we
             do
             pass
             through
             a
             Gate
             of
             Iron
             Rails
             ,
             partly
             gilded
             ,
             and
             partly
             painted
             Blew
             ,
             into
             another
             Garden
             ,
             called
             the
             Labyrinth
             ,
             or
             Wilderness
             .
          
           
           
             When
             we
             have
             here
             cross'd
             a
             Gravel-walk
             ,
             a
             Hedge
             ,
             and
             a
             Green-walk
             ,
             we
             come
             to
             an
             ascent
             of
             three
             Stone-steps
             ,
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             which
             there
             is
             a
             Stone
             Fabrick
             with
             Ballisters
             in
             the
             middle
             ,
             and
             four
             wrought
             Flowerpots
             covered
             ,
             one
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Ballisters
             .
             From
             the
             Stone-work
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Steps
             ,
             the
             water
             falls
             from
             three
             Marble
             Heads
             into
             a
             common
             Basin
             bordered
             and
             walled
             with
             Stone
             ;
             in
             each
             of
             these
             Basins
             there
             are
             two
             Spouts
             which
             do
             throw
             up
             the
             water
             six
             foot
             high
             .
          
           
             Advancing
             Westward
             from
             the
             said
             Steps
             about
             thinty
             six
             Paces
             ,
             we
             come
             to
             a
             Fountain
             ,
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             which
             there
             are
             
               four
               Sea-Cupids
            
             in
             Stone
             ,
             sitting
             on
             
               four
               Dolphins
            
             .
             Between
             the
             Cupids
             there
             rises
             a
             Spout
             out
             a
             
               Serpent's
               Head
            
             ,
             that
             throws
             up
             the
             water
             about
             five
             foot
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             every
             nostril
             of
             the
             four
             Dolphins
             there
             do
             run
             other
             little
             Spouts
             .
             The
             Border
             of
             the
             Basin
             of
             this
             Fountain
             is
             a
             raised
             Stone-work
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             paved
             with
             white
             Pebbles
             ,
             but
             towards
             the
             Angles
             (
             the
             Basin
             being
             octangular
             )
             there
             are
             Figures
             of
             large
             Flowerdeluces
             in
             a
             dark
             Pebble
             .
          
           
             At
             this
             Fountain
             there
             are
             eight
             several
             Walks
             to
             be
             Teen
             ,
             between
             Hedges
             of
             an
             equal
             heighth
             ,
             all
             the
             Hedges
             being
             between
             seven
             and
             eight
             foot
             high
             .
             Of
             these
             eight
             Walks
             four
             are
             Green
             ,
             and
             the
             four
             others
             are
             of
             Earch
             without
             Turf
             ,
             and
             ungravelled
             .
             The
             Green
             Walks
             are
             placed
             between
             the
             others
             .
             At
             the
             end
             of
             all
             these
             Walks
             there
             are
             to
             be
             seen
             Statues
             ,
             or
             Paintings
             ,
             and
             Westward
             from
             the
             Fountain
             ,
             besides
             a
             large
             piece
             of
             Painting
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             Fountain
             with
             two
             Spouts
             ,
             and
             a
             fall
             of
             water
             out
             of
             a
             Head
             placed
             below
             the
             Painting
             .
          
           
             North
             and
             South
             from
             this
             Foutain
             ,
             at
             forty
             Paces
             distance
             ,
             we
             come
             unto
             other
             Fountains
             .
             In
             the
             middle
             
             of
             that
             Northwards
             ,
             there
             are
             two
             
               little
               Boys
            
             of
             Stone
             ,
             with
             an
             Otter
             between
             them
             ,
             out
             of
             whose
             mouth
             there
             rises
             a
             Jette
             ,
             six
             foot
             high
             .
             It
             is
             bordered
             with
             rough
             Rockwork
             of
             divers
             colours
             ,
             with
             some
             large
             Concha
             ,
             or
             Shells
             intermixed
             :
             The
             bottom
             of
             the
             Basin
             is
             paved
             with
             white
             and
             brown
             Pebbles
             in
             different
             Figures
             .
          
           
             At
             the
             same
             distance
             from
             the
             Fountain
             of
             the
             Sea-Cupids
             Southward
             ,
             there
             is
             another
             Fountain
             ,
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             which
             there
             is
             a
             
               naked
               Boy
            
             in
             Stone
             ,
             holding
             a
             scollopt
             Shell
             in
             his
             hand
             ,
             through
             which
             there
             rises
             another
             Jette
             like
             to
             the
             last
             now
             mentioned
             ;
             and
             below
             this
             Boy
             there
             is
             a
             Satyr
             in
             Stone
             .
             The
             Basin
             of
             this
             is
             bordered
             ,
             like
             the
             other
             ,
             with
             rough
             Stones
             and
             Shells
             ,
             and
             the
             Paving
             is
             with
             Pebbles
             ,
             after
             the
             Mosaick
             manner
             .
          
           
             Beyond
             these
             three
             Fountains
             ,
             North
             and
             South
             ,
             the
             Walk
             is
             continued
             to
             some
             distance
             ;
             and
             from
             all
             those
             Fountains
             there
             are
             other
             Walks
             also
             to
             the
             East
             and
             West
             .
          
           
             And
             besides
             these
             Walks
             now
             mentioned
             ,
             there
             are
             other
             Walks
             and
             Turnings
             between
             the
             Hedges
             ,
             into
             which
             when
             we
             have
             gone
             a
             little
             way
             ,
             we
             are
             obliged
             to
             return
             into
             some
             of
             the
             former
             Walks
             by
             the
             way
             we
             entered
             .
             Lastly
             ,
             The
             Ground
             that
             is
             between
             these
             Hedges
             ,
             Walks
             ,
             and
             Turnings
             ,
             is
             all
             planted
             with
             Fruit-trees
             of
             divers
             kinds
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             CHAP.
             V
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               
                 Queen's
                 Garden
              
               ,
               and
               another
               Private
               Garden
               ,
               
                 or
                 Labyrinth
              
               beyond
               it
               ,
               Eastward
               .
            
          
           
             ON
             the
             East-side
             of
             the
             Palace
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             Garden
             that
             is
             called
             the
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             ,
             being
             under
             the
             Apartments
             appointed
             for
             her
             Majesty
             ,
             as
             the
             
               King's
               Garden
            
             before
             described
             was
             on
             the
             
             King's
             side
             .
             Both
             of
             them
             are
             of
             the
             same
             dimensions
             .
          
           
             This
             garden
             is
             divided
             into
             two
             Parts
             ;
             whereof
             the
             one
             ,
             being
             next
             to
             the
             
               Great
               Garden
            
             ,
             consists
             of
             three
             Parterres
             of
             Flowers
             ,
             bordered
             with
             Box
             ,
             and
             having
             Pyramidal
             Juniper
             Trees
             in
             divers
             parts
             of
             them
             .
             The
             Parterres
             are
             on
             all
             sides
             encompassed
             with
             Gravel-walks
             ;
             and
             on
             the
             Walls
             here
             are
             divers
             fort
             of
             Fruit-trees
             ,
             Grapes
             ,
             &c.
             besides
             Paintings
             of
             Floras
             ,
             &c.
             in
             some
             places
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Parterres
             is
             a
             Fountain
             of
             Arion
             gilded
             ,
             playing
             on
             a
             Lute
             ,
             and
             riding
             on
             a
             gilded
             Dolphin
             ,
             out
             of
             whose
             Nostrils
             there
             do
             rise
             two
             Spouts
             five
             of
             six
             foot
             high
             .
             The
             Basin
             is
             bordered
             with
             white
             Marble
             ,
             thirteen
             Inches
             broad
             .
             On
             the
             border
             are
             placed
             at
             convenient
             distances
             eight
             gilded
             Sea-Horses
             ,
             every
             one
             making
             a
             Jette
             out
             of
             each
             Nostril
             .
             The
             Basin
             is
             paved
             with
             a
             square
             Stone
             ,
             about
             a
             foot
             broad
             .
             On
             both
             sides
             of
             this
             Fountain
             are
             Seats
             painted
             green
             ,
             next
             to
             the
             Parterres
             .
          
           
             The
             other
             Part
             of
             this
             Garden
             consists
             of
             divers
             Gravel-walks
             within
             Arbors
             ,
             the
             whole
             length
             and
             breadth
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             has
             five
             Fountains
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             all
             the
             Arbors
             .
             Into
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             first
             Arbor-walk
             
             there
             is
             an
             ascent
             of
             four
             Steps
             ,
             besides
             a
             like
             ascent
             of
             Steps
             at
             both
             ends
             of
             the
             same
             Walk
             ,
             without
             the
             Arbors
             ;
             or
             between
             them
             and
             the
             Garden
             Walls
             .
             Between
             those
             three
             pair
             of
             Steps
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             green
             Slope
             the
             height
             of
             the
             Steps
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             top
             of
             the
             Slope
             there
             are
             long
             Beds
             of
             Flowers
             ,
             with
             Juniper
             Trees
             intermixed
             .
             And
             at
             the
             corners
             of
             all
             the
             Steps
             there
             are
             Flowerpots
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             Arbor-walk
             that
             runs
             from
             West
             to
             East
             ,
             and
             is
             next
             to
             the
             Garden
             now
             described
             ,
             hath
             eight
             open
             spaces
             or
             Windows
             ,
             towards
             the
             Parterres
             ,
             besides
             eight
             other
             such
             Windows
             on
             the
             inside
             ,
             whereas
             the
             other
             three
             Sides
             or
             Arbor-walks
             have
             their
             Windows
             only
             on
             the
             inside
             of
             the
             Walk
             .
             These
             Windows
             and
             five
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             long
             ,
             and
             near
             upon
             the
             same
             height
             ;
             and
             they
             are
             square
             at
             bottom
             ,
             and
             convex
             at
             top
             .
             The
             four
             long
             Arbor-walks
             ,
             on
             the
             four
             sides
             of
             this
             Part
             of
             the
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             ,
             are
             each
             above
             threescore
             Paces
             long
             ,
             and
             twelve
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             wide
             ,
             At
             the
             four
             corners
             ,
             or
             ends
             of
             these
             Walks
             ,
             there
             is
             placed
             a
             Cupid
             above
             the
             Seat
             ,
             and
             from
             those
             Seats
             we
             can
             see
             through
             Windows
             cut
             in
             the
             inward
             Arbors
             ,
             diametrically
             cross
             this
             Part
             of
             the
             Garden
             ,
             three
             of
             the
             five
             Fountains
             ,
             that
             are
             presently
             to
             be
             described
             .
          
           
             Besides
             the
             four
             Gravel-walks
             within
             the
             Arbors
             ,
             and
             three
             other
             Gravel-walks
             without
             the
             Arbors
             ,
             next
             to
             the
             Garden-wall
             ;
             there
             are
             other
             Walks
             within
             Arbors
             that
             are
             not
             gravelled
             ,
             the
             which
             do
             wind
             and
             turn
             in
             uniform
             Figures
             from
             the
             middle
             of
             one
             of
             the
             side
             Arbor-walks
             to
             the
             middle
             of
             another
             .
             And
             between
             these
             there
             are
             Parterres
             with
             Fountains
             in
             them
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             all
             the
             Arbors
             there
             is
             a
             Fountain
             with
             a
             large
             gilded
             Triton
             ,
             sitting
             on
             a
             Rock
             of
             Stones
             
             and
             Shells
             ,
             and
             blowing
             through
             a
             gilded
             Horn
             a
             Spout
             about
             eight
             foot
             high
             .
             The
             Basin
             is
             border'd
             with
             rough
             Rockwork
             .
             It
             is
             paved
             with
             Pebbles
             ,
             and
             white
             Marble
             set
             among
             them
             ,
             cut
             in
             oval
             ,
             or
             Diamond
             forms
             .
             From
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             four
             long
             Arbor-walks
             unto
             this
             Fountain
             there
             are
             four
             direct
             Walks
             ,
             and
             between
             these
             Walks
             there
             are
             four
             little
             Gardens
             ,
             or
             Parterres
             ,
             separated
             from
             the
             said
             Gravel-walks
             by
             Hedges
             of
             
               Dutch
               Elm
            
             ,
             about
             four
             foot
             high
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             each
             of
             these
             four
             little
             Gardens
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             distinct
             Fountain
             ,
             and
             in
             each
             of
             the
             Fountains
             there
             is
             place
             a
             gilded
             Triton
             ,
             sitting
             on
             a
             gilded
             Sea-Horse
             ,
             or
             an
             a
             Sea-Goat
             ,
             all
             upon
             Rockwork
             ,
             like
             that
             in
             the
             middle
             Fountain
             ;
             and
             the
             Basins
             of
             these
             are
             paved
             like
             the
             former
             .
             But
             these
             
               four
               Tritons
            
             and
             Basins
             are
             less
             in
             proportion
             than
             that
             in
             the
             middle
             Fountain
             .
             One
             of
             these
             four
             Tritons
             holds
             a
             Cup
             in
             his
             Right
             hand
             ,
             through
             which
             there
             rises
             a
             Jette
             six
             of
             seven
             foot
             .
             The
             second
             holds
             a
             Trident
             in
             his
             hand
             ,
             and
             through
             the
             three
             Spikes
             of
             the
             Trident
             are
             made
             three
             Dards
             or
             Spouts
             .
             The
             third
             holds
             a
             Fish
             ,
             and
             makes
             a
             Spout
             through
             the
             Mouth
             of
             the
             Fish
             .
             And
             the
             fourth
             blows
             another
             through
             a
             twined
             Trumpet
             .
             All
             the
             Spouts
             in
             these
             four
             Fountains
             do
             rise
             much
             about
             the
             same
             height
             .
             And
             besides
             these
             ,
             the
             Sea-horses
             on
             which
             the
             four
             Trions
             do
             ride
             ,
             do
             all
             make
             a
             little
             sheet
             of
             water
             from
             their
             Tongues
             .
          
           
             About
             the
             first
             and
             largest
             of
             these
             five
             Tritons
             ,
             placed
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             those
             other
             four
             Fountains
             ,
             and
             the
             Arbors
             ,
             there
             are
             eight
             semicircular
             Seats
             ,
             covered
             behind
             and
             over
             head
             Arbor-like
             ;
             the
             Seats
             and
             Prop-work
             ,
             and
             also
             the
             Prop-work
             of
             all
             the
             Arbors
             being
             painted
             green
             .
             Every
             one
             of
             these
             Seats
             is
             above
             eight
             foot
             wide
             ,
             and
             ten
             foot
             high
             .
             And
             between
             the
             
             four
             Gravel-walks
             ,
             which
             come
             to
             this
             Fountain
             from
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             four
             Side-Arbor
             walks
             ,
             there
             are
             two
             of
             these
             eight
             Seats
             ,
             as
             also
             between
             every
             two
             Seats
             there
             is
             an
             entrance
             five
             foot
             wide
             into
             the
             Partorres
             of
             one
             of
             the
             four
             lesser
             Fountains
             .
          
           
             All
             along
             these
             Gravel-walks
             ,
             and
             round
             the
             middle
             Fountain
             ,
             there
             are
             placed
             Orange-trees
             ,
             and
             Lemmon
             Trees
             in
             portable
             Wooden
             Frames
             ,
             and
             Flower-pots
             about
             them
             .
          
           
             In
             a
             corner
             of
             the
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             ,
             next
             to
             the
             Terras-walk
             of
             the
             
               Great
               Garden
            
             ,
             and
             under
             one
             corner
             of
             the
             Palace
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             fine
             Grotto
             ,
             consisting
             of
             the
             Roots
             of
             Trees
             ,
             Flints
             ,
             and
             Shells
             ,
             disposed
             in
             a
             rough
             Grotesco
             manner
             ,
             and
             in
             one
             corner
             of
             this
             Grotto
             there
             is
             a
             Aviary
             .
          
           
             The
             Room
             for
             the
             Grotto
             is
             paved
             with
             Black
             and
             White
             Marble
             ,
             there
             being
             two
             Fountains
             in
             it
             over-against
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             they
             are
             raised
             Arch-wise
             from
             the
             bottom
             to
             the
             top
             of
             the
             Room
             ,
             the
             border
             round
             the
             Fountains
             being
             raised
             above
             a
             foot
             from
             the
             floor
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             hinder
             the
             water
             from
             wetting
             the
             Room
             .
             The
             sides
             are
             embellished
             with
             divers
             sorts
             of
             Shells
             ,
             and
             all
             parts
             of
             the
             Windows
             beautisied
             with
             the
             same
             ,
             in
             divers
             Figures
             .
             There
             are
             three
             Gates
             or
             Passages
             into
             this
             Room
             ,
             one
             from
             the
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             ,
             another
             from
             the
             
               Great
               Garden
            
             ,
             under
             the
             Terras-walk
             ,
             the
             third
             goes
             into
             a
             little
             Room
             ,
             where
             a
             Couch
             is
             placed
             for
             Repose
             ,
             and
             thence
             we
             go
             into
             another
             Room
             adorned
             all
             over
             with
             abundance
             of
             Porcelaine
             ,
             or
             China
             .
          
           
             The
             Aviary
             is
             exposed
             to
             the
             open
             Air
             ,
             but
             incompassed
             with
             a
             small
             Grate
             ,
             to
             confine
             the
             Birds
             ;
             and
             there
             is
             a
             place
             in
             the
             corner
             of
             the
             Grotto
             for
             the
             Birds
             to
             retreat
             into
             ,
             from
             the
             Rain
             ,
             or
             Weather
             .
          
           
           
             On
             the
             Eastside
             of
             the
             
               Queen's
               Garden
            
             ,
             there
             is
             another
             Garden
             for
             retirement
             ,
             with
             Walks
             ,
             and
             Hedges
             of
             Witch-Elm
             ,
             about
             eight
             foot
             high
             ;
             into
             which
             we
             do
             pass
             out
             of
             the
             former
             through
             a
             Gate
             of
             wrought
             Iron
             ,
             painted
             Blew
             and
             Gilt.
             Turning
             in
             it
             Northwards
             in
             the
             second
             Walk
             ,
             we
             come
             to
             a
             Noble
             Fountain
             ,
             unto
             which
             we
             descend
             by
             six
             Stops
             ;
             but
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             these
             Steps
             there
             is
             a
             small
             fall
             of
             water
             in
             six
             descents
             from
             a
             Fountain
             at
             the
             top
             of
             the
             Step
             ;
             and
             from
             thence
             the
             water
             runs
             in
             a
             small
             channel
             cross
             the
             Walk
             that
             encompasses
             the
             Fountain
             which
             I
             am
             going
             to
             describe
             .
          
           
             This
             Fountain
             is
             oblong
             ,
             or
             of
             an
             Oval
             figure
             ;
             its
             diameter
             is
             in
             length
             twenty
             Paces
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             about
             ten
             Paces
             wide
             .
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Basin
             there
             is
             a
             round
             Rock
             ,
             of
             rough
             Stones
             ,
             Shells
             ,
             and
             Forgecinders
             ,
             about
             a
             yard
             above
             the
             water
             .
             Out
             of
             this
             Rockwork
             there
             springs
             a
             Jette
             about
             five
             yards
             high
             ,
             from
             the
             middle
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             from
             the
             other
             parts
             round
             about
             this
             Rock
             there
             do
             rise
             abundance
             of
             other
             Spouts
             .
             This
             Fountain
             is
             bordered
             with
             green
             Turf
             ,
             on
             the
             Slope
             of
             which
             Border
             there
             are
             placed
             at
             due
             distances
             six
             
               collopt
               Shells
            
             of
             wrought
             Stone
             .
             Into
             all
             these
             Shells
             there
             is
             a
             fall
             of
             water
             from
             the
             mouth
             of
             a
             wrought
             Head
             ,
             joined
             to
             the
             Shell
             in
             one
             and
             the
             same
             Stone
             ;
             and
             from
             four
             parts
             of
             each
             Shell
             the
             water
             falls
             into
             the
             Basin
             of
             the
             Fountain
             ,
             which
             is
             not
             paved
             at
             all
             ,
             the
             Bottom
             being
             only
             of
             Earth
             ,
             as
             the
             Border
             of
             it
             and
             the
             Slope
             were
             of
             Turf
             .
          
           
             Round
             this
             Fountain
             ,
             next
             to
             the
             Hedge
             ,
             and
             directly
             behind
             the
             foresaid
             
               six
               Shells
            
             ,
             there
             are
             
               six
               Statues
            
             in
             Stone
             ,
             or
             so
             many
             little
             Cupids
             standing
             upon
             high
             Pedestals
             of
             wrought
             Stone
             ;
             and
             at
             the
             bottom
             of
             each
             Pedestal
             there
             is
             a
             fall
             of
             water
             into
             a
             small
             
             square
             Stone-basin
             ,
             from
             whence
             the
             water
             runs
             under
             the
             Walk
             into
             one
             of
             the
             Heads
             and
             Shells
             that
             were
             before
             mentioned
             to
             be
             placed
             on
             the
             Slope
             below
             the
             Border
             .
             The
             first
             of
             these
             Cupids
             is
             drinking
             out
             of
             a
             Stone-cup
             held
             in
             one
             hand
             ,
             and
             has
             a
             bunch
             of
             Grapes
             in
             the
             other
             .
             The
             second
             holds
             a
             Tulip
             in
             his
             Right
             hand
             .
             The
             third
             is
             reading
             in
             a
             Book
             ,
             through
             a
             pair
             of
             Spectacles
             ,
             held
             near
             the
             Book
             .
             The
             fourth
             has
             a
             Play-thing
             in
             his
             hand
             .
             The
             fifth
             has
             a
             Snake
             ,
             which
             he
             squeezes
             hard
             in
             his
             Arms.
             And
             the
             sixth
             leans
             upon
             a
             Spade
             .
             Also
             round
             about
             this
             Fountain
             there
             are
             placed
             fifty
             Orange-trees
             in
             Frames
             .
          
           
             Going
             still
             Northwards
             about
             thirty
             Paces
             from
             this
             Fountain
             ,
             we
             come
             at
             the
             end
             of
             this
             Walk
             to
             a
             Statue
             of
             Venus
             at
             length
             ,
             a
             little
             stooping
             ,
             and
             holding
             Cupid
             by
             both
             hands
             .
             The
             Venus
             is
             placed
             on
             a
             Stone
             Pedestal
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             a
             wrought
             Head
             at
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Pedestal
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             fall
             of
             water
             into
             a
             small
             Stone-basin
             .
          
           
             A
             little
             Eastward
             of
             this
             Statue
             of
             Venus
             ,
             there
             is
             another
             Fountain
             in
             a
             square
             Stone-basin
             .
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             it
             there
             is
             a
             small
             fall
             of
             water
             from
             a
             round
             Stone-basin
             ,
             whence
             the
             water
             does
             fall
             equally
             all
             round
             in
             one
             sheet
             .
             And
             besides
             another
             Cascade
             that
             is
             here
             made
             out
             of
             a
             Head
             into
             a
             large
             Basin
             ,
             there
             are
             five
             other
             falls
             of
             water
             from
             out
             of
             the
             Walls
             of
             this
             Fountain
             ,
             each
             of
             them
             about
             a
             foot
             in
             breadth
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             CHAP.
             VI
          
           
             
               
                 Of
                 the
              
               Voliere
               ,
               or
               Fowl-Garden
               .
            
          
           
             AT
             the
             West-end
             of
             the
             
               Middle
               Walk
            
             that
             divides
             the
             
               Great
               Garden
            
             into
             
               two
               Parts
            
             ,
             we
             pass
             through
             a
             Gate
             of
             wrought
             Iron
             ,
             into
             a
             Walk
             between
             high
             Trees
             ,
             that
             goes
             Southward
             into
             the
             first
             Labyrinth
             ,
             described
             in
             the
             Fourth
             Chapter
             ,
             and
             Northwards
             as
             far
             as
             the
             Heath
             ,
             that
             is
             beyond
             all
             the
             Gardens
             .
          
           
             At
             this
             Garden-gate
             ,
             we
             behold
             the
             
               Old
               Hoof
            
             directly
             before
             us
             Westward
             ,
             but
             are
             separated
             from
             it
             by
             two
             Moats
             ,
             between
             which
             there
             are
             five
             rows
             of
             Lime-trees
             ;
             on
             the
             South
             of
             which
             the
             Labyrinth
             is
             seated
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             North
             the
             
               Fowl
               Garden
            
             ,
             that
             is
             now
             to
             be
             described
             .
          
           
             Advancing
             from
             the
             foresaid
             Gate
             fifty
             paces
             Northwards
             ,
             we
             turn
             to
             the
             Gate
             of
             the
             
               Fowl
               Garden
            
             on
             our
             left
             ,
             to
             which
             we
             pass
             on
             a
             Bridge
             over
             the
             Moat
             .
             This
             Gate
             is
             likewise
             of
             wrought
             Iron
             ,
             painted
             Blew
             and
             Gilt.
             Going
             from
             this
             Gate
             two
             and
             twenty
             paces
             ,
             we
             descend
             by
             three
             Steps
             to
             a
             Noble
             Fountain
             and
             Cascade
             ,
             round
             which
             Fountain
             from
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Steps
             to
             the
             Border
             of
             its
             Basin
             there
             is
             a
             Walk
             twelve
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             broad
             ,
             into
             which
             Walk
             there
             are
             four
             descents
             by
             three
             Steps
             ,
             four
             opposite
             ways
             :
             And
             between
             the
             one
             and
             the
             other
             row
             of
             Steps
             there
             is
             a
             Green
             Slope
             round
             the
             Fountain
             .
          
           
             The
             Basin
             of
             this
             Fountain
             is
             oblong
             ,
             or
             oval
             ,
             and
             of
             a
             great
             circumference
             ,
             the
             Diameter
             at
             least
             forty
             paces
             in
             length
             ,
             and
             about
             twenty
             four
             paces
             in
             breadth
             .
             It
             is
             designed
             for
             the
             use
             of
             divers
             sorts
             of
             
             Fowl
             ;
             and
             there
             are
             Houses
             built
             on
             the
             two
             sides
             of
             this
             Garden
             ,
             for
             sheltering
             the
             Fowl.
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Fountain
             there
             is
             a
             Jette
             ,
             that
             throws
             up
             the
             water
             about
             twenty
             foot
             ;
             and
             below
             the
             Jette
             there
             is
             a
             
               triple
               Cascade
            
             ,
             made
             from
             three
             round
             Basins
             ,
             whereof
             the
             uppermost
             appears
             to
             make
             a
             sheet
             about
             a
             foot
             in
             depth
             ,
             the
             middle-one
             near
             about
             two
             foot
             ,
             and
             the
             lowermost
             four
             foot
             .
             Between
             these
             three
             Basins
             the
             spaces
             or
             intervals
             are
             filled
             all
             round
             with
             Shells
             ,
             &c.
             the
             which
             Shells
             are
             seen
             round
             them
             through
             the
             Sheets
             of
             water
             that
             fall
             from
             the
             said
             Basins
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             North
             and
             South-side
             of
             this
             Fountain
             ,
             six
             yards
             from
             one
             of
             the
             descents
             by
             three
             Steps
             ,
             there
             are
             two
             
               Summer
               Houses
            
             ,
             the
             one
             opposite
             to
             the
             other
             .
             They
             are
             within
             painted
             in
             fresco
             and
             bronze
             ,
             and
             have
             
             Cupola's
             over
             them
             ,
             painted
             Blew
             and
             Gilded
             .
             Into
             these
             Houses
             we
             enter
             by
             folding
             Doors
             ,
             which
             consist
             :
             of
             two
             foot
             Wainscot
             from
             the
             bottom
             ,
             the
             rest
             in
             broad
             Glass
             up
             to
             the
             Cupola
             .
             Each
             of
             these
             Houses
             hath
             four
             Shash-windows
             ,
             besides
             the
             Doors
             ,
             and
             hath
             on
             each
             side
             of
             them
             contiguous
             to
             the
             middlemost
             and
             largest
             Windows
             ,
             an
             Aviary
             ,
             wherein
             are
             kept
             curious
             Foreign
             ,
             or
             Singing
             Birds
             .
             When
             the
             Shash-windows
             next
             to
             the
             Aviaries
             are
             opened
             ,
             there
             is
             still
             a
             Wire-grate
             remaining
             ,
             to
             hinder
             the
             Birds
             from
             flying
             out
             of
             their
             Aviaries
             into
             the
             Summer-houses
             .
             These
             Houses
             are
             paved
             with
             white
             and
             red
             Marble
             ,
             cut
             into
             curious
             Figures
             ,
             but
             they
             are
             bordered
             all
             round
             with
             black
             Marble
             ,
             of
             half
             a
             foot
             breadth
             ,
             over
             which
             Border
             there
             is
             also
             a
             Ledge
             of
             white
             Marble
             ,
             between
             the
             black
             ,
             and
             the
             Wainscot
             .
          
           
             The
             Aviaries
             that
             adjoin
             to
             Summer-houses
             ,
             are
             likewise
             covered
             with
             lesser
             
             Cupola's
             of
             Lead
             ,
             painted
             
             Blew
             and
             gilded
             ;
             but
             large
             Cupola
             in
             the
             middle
             has
             a
             round
             Glas-window
             ,
             and
             another
             little
             Cupola
             above
             the
             Window
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             top
             of
             the
             highest
             Cupola
             in
             each
             House
             there
             is
             a
             Gilded
             Pine-apple
             placed
             on
             a
             Gilded
             Basis
             .
             These
             Aviaries
             have
             on
             three
             sides
             Grates
             of
             Wire
             ,
             which
             do
             reach
             from
             the
             Cupola
             above
             ,
             to
             a
             Stone-wall
             about
             two
             foot
             high
             at
             bottom
             .
             The
             two
             outmost
             Side-grates
             have
             wooden
             Shutters
             without
             them
             ,
             and
             those
             Shutters
             an
             oval
             Glass-window
             in
             them
             towards
             the
             top
             .
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Aviaries
             there
             is
             a
             Jette
             ,
             whose
             water
             falls
             into
             a
             little
             shallow
             leaden
             Basin
             ,
             near
             a
             yard
             square
             .
             Behind
             these
             Aviaries
             there
             are
             other
             lesser
             ones
             ,
             open
             above
             ,
             and
             on
             one
             side
             ,
             for
             the
             receiving
             some
             particular
             Birds
             ,
             that
             must
             be
             more
             in
             the
             open
             Air
             ,
             or
             that
             must
             be
             kept
             alone
             by
             themselves
             .
          
           
             And
             besides
             these
             Aviaries
             ,
             there
             are
             in
             two
             corners
             of
             this
             Garden
             ,
             on
             the
             Northwest
             ,
             and
             Southeast
             ,
             two
             other
             Houses
             in
             three
             divisions
             ,
             for
             Ducks
             ,
             Pigeons
             ,
             Poultrey
             ,
             &
             c.
             with
             holes
             on
             both
             sides
             at
             the
             bottom
             for
             the
             Fowl
             to
             enter
             .
             The
             middle
             part
             of
             these
             Houses
             is
             now
             used
             for
             tame
             Pigeons
             ,
             and
             has
             a
             large
             Wire-grate
             towards
             the
             Air
             ,
             and
             a
             Spout
             in
             the
             middle
             ,
             that
             falls
             into
             a
             shallow
             round
             Leaden
             Basin
             of
             about
             two
             foot
             diameter
             .
          
           
             Round
             the
             uppermost
             Walk
             that
             encompasses
             this
             Fountain
             ,
             there
             are
             high
             Stakes
             joined
             together
             ,
             five
             yards
             above
             this
             Walk
             ,
             being
             a
             prop
             for
             the
             Hedges
             to
             grow
             on
             ,
             that
             are
             now
             of
             that
             heigth
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             manner
             that
             is
             frequently
             used
             in
             the
             
               Low
               Countries
            
             .
             In
             four
             places
             of
             this
             Hedge
             there
             are
             also
             semicircular
             Arbors
             ,
             of
             the
             height
             of
             the
             Hedge
             ,
             with
             Seats
             at
             convenient
             distances
             from
             the
             Summer-houses
             .
          
           
           
             Between
             this
             Hedge
             and
             the
             Wall
             of
             this
             Garden
             there
             are
             some
             plain
             Parterres
             bordered
             with
             Box
             ,
             and
             in
             other
             places
             Ever-Greens
             set
             here
             and
             here
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             VII
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Park
               ,
               and
               its
               
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 Long
                 Canal
                 ,
                 Cascade
                 ,
              
               &c.
               together
               with
               the
               Viver
               ,
               that
               supplies
               the
               Fountains
               and
               Cascades
               with
               water
               :
               as
               also
               a
               description
               of
               six
               other
               Vivers
               ,
               or
               Fish-ponds
               .
            
          
           
             THE
             Park
             is
             a
             great
             space
             of
             Ground
             containing
             many
             Long
             
               Green
               Walks
               ,
               Groves
               ,
               Nurseries
               :
               Fountains
               ,
               Canals
               ,
               Cascades
               ,
            
             the
             Viver
             and
             divers
             Corn-fields
             ,
             within
             the
             Pales
             .
             So
             that
             when
             His
             Majesty
             is
             pleased
             to
             take
             diversion
             at
             home
             ,
             there
             is
             not
             wanting
             Game
             for
             
               Shooting
               ,
               Setting
            
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             As
             we
             go
             from
             the
             Fowl-Garden
             Westwards
             ,
             we
             do
             leave
             the
             
               Old
               Hoof
            
             on
             the
             the
             left
             hand
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             West-end
             of
             this
             Garden
             we
             come
             to
             a
             large
             Wire-grate
             ,
             of
             the
             bigness
             of
             a
             large
             Gate
             ,
             on
             both
             sides
             of
             which
             Grate
             we
             pass
             through
             Doors
             into
             the
             Park
             ,
             and
             first
             to
             a
             
               Long
               Canal
            
             ,
             in
             the
             which
             there
             are
             no
             less
             than
             a
             hundred
             and
             eight
             Spouts
             ,
             half
             on
             one
             side
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             half
             on
             t'other
             side
             of
             the
             Canal
             .
             They
             throw
             the
             water
             above
             four
             foot
             high
             ,
             and
             the
             water
             of
             every
             Spout
             is
             made
             to
             fall
             on
             the
             contrary
             side
             of
             the
             Canal
             .
             This
             Canal
             is
             about
             six
             foot
             broad
             ,
             and
             the
             distance
             between
             every
             one
             of
             the
             Spouts
             is
             five
             foot
             ,
             so
             as
             that
             between
             every
             two
             on
             the
             same
             side
             there
             are
             ten
             foot
             distance
             .
             
             At
             the
             beginning
             and
             end
             of
             the
             Canal
             ,
             there
             are
             placed
             two
             Spouts
             falling
             the
             one
             upon
             the
             place
             of
             the
             other
             ;
             but
             all
             the
             rest
             do
             fall
             on
             the
             contrary
             side
             ,
             and
             distant
             from
             the
             opposite
             Spouts
             ,
             the
             whole
             length
             of
             the
             Canal
             .
             All
             these
             Spouts
             do
             fall
             into
             the
             figure
             of
             an
             Arch.
             
          
           
             This
             Canal
             reaches
             from
             the
             Gate
             of
             the
             Fowl-Garden
             already
             described
             ,
             unto
             a
             
               Great
               Cascade
            
             that
             will
             be
             presently
             mentioned
             ;
             it
             has
             Hedges
             on
             each
             side
             five
             yards
             high
             ;
             and
             on
             the
             farther
             side
             of
             the
             Hedge
             South
             of
             the
             Canal
             ,
             has
             a
             stately
             Grove
             of
             tall
             Trees
             ,
             and
             Northwards
             of
             it
             has
             all
             along
             a
             Nursery
             of
             young
             ones
             .
             About
             half
             way
             ,
             the
             Walk
             on
             each
             side
             between
             the
             Hedge
             and
             the
             Border
             of
             the
             Canal
             is
             about
             five
             foot
             broad
             ,
             but
             the
             other
             half
             way
             ,
             next
             the
             Cascade
             ,
             the
             Walk
             is
             widened
             unto
             fifteen
             foot
             on
             both
             sides
             .
             The
             Canal
             is
             Bordered
             with
             Green
             Turf
             ,
             and
             has
             a
             Slope
             of
             the
             same
             from
             the
             Border
             down
             to
             the
             water
             .
          
           
             About
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Canal
             ,
             on
             the
             South-side
             ,
             there
             is
             placed
             a
             Marble
             Statue
             of
             a
             Flora
             at
             length
             ,
             on
             a
             high
             Stone
             Pedestal
             ;
             and
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Flora
             there
             is
             also
             a
             Head
             ;
             the
             which
             Statue
             and
             Heads
             are
             seen
             as
             at
             the
             end
             of
             a
             long
             Green
             Walk
             North
             of
             the
             Canal
             ,
             the
             which
             Walk
             is
             a
             hundred
             and
             seventy
             paces
             ,
             to
             go
             from
             the
             Canal
             unto
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Faunus
             ,
             that
             will
             soon
             be
             described
             .
          
           
             At
             the
             West-end
             of
             this
             
               Long
               Canal
            
             ,
             we
             come
             to
             a
             most
             Noble
             Fabrick
             of
             wrought
             Stone
             ,
             or
             to
             the
             Cascade
             of
             the
             Fishers
             ,
             sometimes
             also
             called
             the
             Cypher
             Fountain
             .
             It
             is
             joined
             to
             the
             side
             of
             one
             of
             the
             Walks
             about
             the
             Viver
             ;
             it
             has
             Ballisters
             at
             the
             top
             of
             the
             Fabrick
             ,
             and
             joining
             to
             the
             Walk
             above
             ;
             and
             there
             are
             covered
             Flowerpots
             upon
             the
             Ballisters
             .
             On
             each
             side
             of
             
             this
             Cascade
             there
             are
             two
             several
             ascents
             by
             Stone-steps
             .
             And
             first
             we
             come
             to
             four
             Steps
             ,
             on
             the
             corners
             of
             which
             there
             are
             placed
             two
             little
             Dragons
             ,
             out
             of
             whose
             mouths
             the
             water
             falls
             into
             two
             scollopt
             Stone
             Basins
             at
             the
             bottom
             ,
             under
             the
             Dragons
             .
             From
             these
             four
             Steps
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             we
             cross
             over
             other
             Canals
             by
             a
             Stone-bridge
             ,
             and
             then
             come
             to
             eleven
             Stone-steps
             more
             .
             These
             Canals
             do
             serve
             to
             carry
             away
             good
             part
             of
             the
             water
             that
             makes
             this
             Cascade
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             it
             runs
             into
             the
             
               Long
               Canal
            
             ,
             just
             now
             described
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Cascade
             ,
             below
             the
             Ballisters
             ,
             there
             are
             four
             little
             Boys
             a
             fishing
             ,
             and
             drawing
             a
             Nett
             full
             of
             Fish
             ;
             the
             four
             little
             Boys
             are
             of
             Stone
             ,
             with
             leaden
             Net-work
             coloured
             like
             Stone
             ,
             in
             their
             Arms
             ;
             and
             through
             a
             great
             deal
             of
             this
             Net-work
             placed
             between
             the
             Boys
             ,
             the
             water
             falls
             into
             the
             a
             large
             wrought
             Basin
             ,
             and
             from
             this
             Basin
             the
             water
             falls
             again
             in
             five
             several
             places
             between
             other
             Net-work
             .
             Two
             of
             these
             falls
             of
             water
             from
             the
             said
             Basin
             are
             made
             into
             a
             Stone
             Canal
             below
             ,
             that
             runs
             along
             the
             side
             of
             the
             Wall
             ,
             under
             the
             Stone
             Bridges
             into
             the
             Canals
             on
             the
             North
             and
             South
             sides
             of
             the
             Cascade
             .
             The
             three
             other
             falls
             are
             thence
             made
             first
             upon
             Rockwork
             ,
             and
             from
             thence
             into
             a
             common
             or
             general
             Basin
             that
             receives
             the
             water
             aforesaid
             ,
             besides
             what
             comes
             from
             the
             Spouts
             ,
             and
             Bell
             ,
             that
             will
             be
             presently
             mentioned
             .
          
           
             Moreover
             ,
             into
             the
             said
             Canal
             that
             runs
             along
             the
             side
             of
             the
             Wall
             of
             this
             Casacade
             ,
             there
             are
             four
             other
             falls
             of
             water
             ,
             whereof
             the
             two
             outward
             are
             from
             two
             Heads
             of
             Stone
             ,
             the
             two
             inward
             from
             two
             Heads
             of
             Marble
             ,
             placed
             at
             due
             distances
             in
             the
             Wall
             aforesaid
             .
             The
             water
             from
             the
             Heads
             of
             Stone
             falls
             directly
             into
             the
             Canal
             ,
             but
             from
             the
             Heads
             of
             Marble
             it
             falls
             into
             Stone-basins
             ,
             that
             are
             about
             a
             yard
             in
             front
             ,
             and
             from
             
             them
             the
             sheet
             of
             water
             falls
             into
             the
             said
             Canal
             .
             Besides
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             lower
             Wall
             of
             this
             Canal
             there
             are
             two
             other
             falls
             out
             of
             two
             more
             Heads
             of
             Marble
             into
             two
             other
             Stone-basins
             of
             the
             same
             bigness
             with
             the
             former
             ,
             and
             directly
             under
             those
             Heads
             of
             Marble
             and
             Basins
             ,
             that
             were
             before
             mentioned
             to
             be
             placed
             in
             the
             upper
             Wall
             of
             the
             Canal
             ,
             or
             the
             Side-wall
             of
             the
             Cascade
             .
             And
             from
             these
             two
             Basins
             the
             sheets
             of
             water
             of
             fall
             into
             the
             general
             Basin
             at
             bottom
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             common
             Basin
             there
             is
             a
             large
             inverted
             Bell
             of
             water
             ,
             near
             two
             yards
             high
             ,
             and
             the
             diameter
             of
             its
             basis
             on
             the
             top
             seems
             to
             be
             much
             about
             two
             yards
             likewise
             .
             About
             this
             Bell
             there
             do
             arise
             twelve
             Spouts
             which
             throw
             up
             the
             water
             about
             eight
             foot
             .
             On
             the
             North
             and
             South
             sides
             of
             the
             Basin
             ,
             wherein
             were
             the
             said
             
               Great
               Bell
            
             ,
             adn
             the
             twelve
             Spouts
             ,
             there
             are
             other
             
               lesser
               Bells
            
             of
             water
             inverted
             ,
             on
             each
             side
             one
             .
             These
             do
             rise
             about
             a
             foot
             high
             ,
             and
             the
             diameter
             of
             them
             at
             the
             top
             is
             much
             the
             same
             .
             The
             
               common
               Basin
            
             below
             the
             Cascade
             is
             bordered
             with
             a
             broad
             Stone
             of
             sixteen
             inches
             breadth
             ,
             and
             walled
             with
             Rock-work
             ;
             and
             the
             whole
             space
             between
             the
             said
             Border
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Long
               Canal
            
             before
             described
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             to
             the
             Stone-stairs
             on
             either
             side
             of
             this
             Cascade
             ,
             is
             taken
             up
             chiefly
             with
             little
             Stone-Canals
             of
             seven
             inches
             breadth
             ,
             their
             Border
             but
             two
             inches
             .
             But
             in
             the
             intervals
             between
             those
             little
             Canals
             the
             space
             is
             paved
             with
             white
             and
             black
             Pebbles
             in
             divers
             Figures
             .
             From
             the
             two
             
               lesser
               Bells
            
             the
             water
             does
             run
             along
             those
             little
             Canals
             ,
             which
             besides
             the
             flourish
             they
             do
             make
             on
             each
             side
             ,
             do
             form
             the
             Letters
             
               R.
               W.
               M.
               R.
            
             And
             above
             those
             Letters
             the
             said
             small
             Canals
             are
             so
             disposed
             ,
             as
             to
             form
             the
             representation
             of
             a
             Crown
             .
             Moreover
             ,
             from
             among
             these
             Pebbles
             ,
             with
             which
             all
             the
             intervals
             between
             the
             
             little
             Canals
             are
             paved
             ,
             there
             are
             made
             to
             rise
             ,
             when
             't
             is
             thought
             fit
             ,
             by
             the
             turning
             of
             two
             sCocks
             ,
             about
             fourscore
             the
             most
             minute
             Spouts
             that
             can
             be
             conceived
             .
             They
             are
             like
             a
             shower
             of
             small
             rain
             ,
             artisicially
             made
             in
             a
             certain
             order
             .
             One
             half
             of
             the
             fourscore
             is
             made
             to
             play
             by
             the
             turning
             of
             one
             Cock
             ,
             and
             the
             t'other
             half
             by
             turning
             the
             other
             .
             And
             these
             Cocks
             are
             turned
             in
             the
             Walk
             above
             the
             Cascade
             ,
             or
             between
             it
             and
             the
             Viver
             .
             Every
             one
             of
             these
             little
             Spouts
             plays
             about
             a
             yard
             high
             ,
             and
             the
             Pipe
             of
             every
             one
             of
             them
             is
             covered
             with
             a
             small
             Copper
             Cover
             ,
             that
             has
             five
             little
             holes
             through
             which
             the
             water
             does
             rise
             in
             five
             small
             branches
             ,
             like
             to
             a
             very
             small
             shower
             of
             Rain
             .
             Some
             of
             the
             Covers
             of
             these
             Pipes
             are
             half
             an
             inch
             ,
             others
             are
             three
             quarters
             of
             an
             inch
             diameter
             .
             But
             in
             short
             ,
             they
             do
             make
             a
             very
             pleasant
             and
             agreeable
             sight
             ,
             whenever
             they
             are
             made
             to
             play
             :
             And
             they
             are
             intended
             to
             divert
             the
             Spectators
             ,
             by
             causing
             a
             small
             Rain
             unawares
             on
             those
             who
             shall
             advance
             within
             the
             compass
             of
             their
             reach
             .
          
           
             I
             did
             before
             mention
             two
             pair
             of
             Stone-steps
             ,
             the
             one
             of
             four
             ,
             the
             other
             of
             eleven
             Steps
             on
             the
             North
             and
             South
             sides
             of
             this
             Cascade
             .
             From
             the
             two
             sides
             of
             the
             lowermost
             ,
             or
             least
             pair
             of
             Steps
             ,
             where
             the
             little
             Dragons
             were
             said
             to
             be
             placed
             ,
             there
             are
             continued
             from
             the
             Steps
             on
             one
             side
             to
             the
             Steps
             on
             the
             other
             side
             of
             the
             Cascade
             ,
             all
             round
             this
             space
             (
             which
             was
             said
             to
             be
             paved
             with
             Pebbles
             ,
             and
             to
             consist
             of
             the
             soresaid
             Stone
             Canals
             )
             two
             circles
             of
             Stone
             of
             fourteen
             inches
             ,
             breadth
             ,
             which
             do
             serve
             instead
             of
             a
             
               double
               Border
            
             to
             the
             whole
             ;
             the
             two
             Borders
             keeping
             the
             same
             distance
             from
             one
             another
             throughout
             ,
             as
             the
             Steps
             do
             make
             in
             front
             ,
             or
             breadth
             .
          
           
           
             When
             we
             are
             up
             the
             second
             pair
             of
             Stairs
             of
             eleven
             Steps
             ,
             we
             enter
             upon
             a
             Walk
             ,
             that
             encompasses
             a
             large
             
               Quadrangular
               Pond
            
             ,
             called
             the
             Viver
             ,
             being
             the
             common
             Storehouse
             of
             the
             Water
             that
             supplies
             so
             many
             of
             these
             
               Fountains
               ,
               Cascades
            
             ,
             and
             Canals
             .
             The
             Walk
             on
             the
             four
             sides
             of
             the
             Viver
             is
             seven
             yards
             broad
             ;
             it
             is
             a
             Gravelled
             Walk
             ;
             and
             on
             the
             side
             next
             to
             the
             water
             it
             is
             adorned
             with
             Juniper-trees
             two
             yards
             high
             ,
             adn
             six
             yards
             distance
             from
             one
             another
             ;
             and
             on
             the
             other
             side
             of
             it
             has
             Lime-trees
             at
             the
             same
             distance
             ,
             besides
             large
             round
             Bushes
             between
             the
             Lime-trees
             .
             The
             Viver
             is
             a
             hundred
             and
             forty
             paces
             long
             ,
             and
             threescore
             and
             ten
             paces
             broad
             .
             It
             is
             bordered
             with
             green
             ,
             and
             has
             a
             green
             Slope
             from
             the
             Border
             down
             to
             the
             water
             .
          
           
             At
             the
             West-end
             of
             the
             Viver
             ,
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Walk
             ,
             we
             do
             pass
             through
             another
             Gate
             ,
             the
             Bars
             partly
             Gilt
             ,
             and
             partly
             Blew
             ,
             into
             a
             long
             shady
             Grove
             ,
             usually
             called
             the
             
               Queen's
               Grove
            
             ,
             wherein
             there
             are
             divers
             Walks
             ,
             some
             near
             unto
             Brooks
             of
             a
             clear
             running
             water
             ,
             others
             at
             some
             distance
             from
             the
             Brooks
             ,
             and
             all
             of
             them
             as
             solitary
             and
             retired
             ,
             as
             can
             well
             be
             imagined
             .
             This
             Grove
             is
             of
             a
             good
             extent
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Summer-time
             very
             delightful
             .
          
           
             And
             now
             before
             we
             end
             ,
             let
             us
             return
             unto
             the
             East-gate
             of
             the
             Fowl-Garden
             ,
             from
             whence
             we
             may
             enter
             North-west
             into
             a
             long
             Walk
             between
             high
             Trees
             ,
             there
             being
             a
             Grove
             on
             each
             side
             beyond
             the
             rows
             of
             Trees
             .
             In
             this
             Walk
             ,
             when
             we
             have
             gone
             about
             two
             hundred
             and
             twenty
             paces
             ,
             and
             there
             cross'd
             another
             long
             green
             Walk
             ,
             towards
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Walk
             ,
             where
             the
             Groves
             do
             end
             ,
             we
             do
             at
             length
             come
             to
             the
             Fountain
             of
             Faunus
             ,
             whose
             Basin
             is
             round
             ,
             and
             about
             fifty
             seven
             foot
             diameter
             .
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             this
             Fountain
             there
             is
             crected
             the
             Statue
             of
             Faunus
             in
             Stone
             at
             length
             ,
             with
             an
             Infant
             in
             his
             Arms
             ,
             and
             a
             Goat
             at
             
             his
             Feet
             to
             suckle
             the
             Infant
             .
             This
             Statue
             of
             Faunus
             does
             lean
             upon
             a
             Stone
             Pillar
             ,
             and
             stands
             upon
             a
             high
             Pedestal
             of
             a
             Blew
             Stone
             ,
             placed
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             a
             Rock
             ,
             consisting
             of
             many
             rough
             Stones
             ,
             petrified
             Earth
             of
             divers
             colours
             ,
             and
             large
             Shells
             here
             and
             there
             intermixed
             .
             From
             about
             this
             Rockwork
             there
             are
             made
             six
             double
             sheets
             of
             water
             ,
             whereof
             each
             double
             fall
             is
             over-against
             a
             several
             Walk
             .
             For
             from
             this
             Fountain
             there
             are
             six
             distinct
             Walks
             ,
             one
             opposite
             to
             another
             .
             And
             round
             about
             it
             ,
             between
             each
             of
             the
             
               six
               Walks
            
             ,
             near
             the
             corners
             of
             the
             Walks
             ,
             there
             are
             placed
             two
             Statues
             in
             half-length
             of
             the
             Termini
             ,
             or
             Gods
             of
             Boundaries
             ,
             twelve
             in
             all
             ;
             some
             of
             which
             twelve
             Statues
             have
             the
             face
             of
             a
             Man
             ,
             and
             some
             of
             a
             Satyr
             ;
             and
             they
             are
             placed
             upon
             Pedestals
             two
             yards
             high
             .
             All
             these
             Walks
             are
             twenty
             two
             ,
             or
             twenty
             four
             foot
             broad
             ;
             they
             are
             green
             in
             the
             middle
             ,
             and
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Green
             they
             are
             plain
             Earth
             ungravelled
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Dutch
             custom
             ,
             to
             about
             four
             foot
             and
             a
             half
             breadth
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Green.
             The
             Hedges
             of
             all
             these
             Walks
             do
             consist
             of
             Trees
             both
             great
             and
             small
             ,
             planted
             close
             together
             .
             Here
             are
             also
             other
             handsome
             
               long
               Walks
            
             in
             the
             Park
             ,
             that
             are
             not
             mentioned
             ;
             besides
             Brooks
             ,
             and
             Fishponds
             within
             the
             Grove
             on
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             
               Long
               Canal
            
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             one
             thing
             more
             very
             remarkable
             in
             these
             many
             Fountains
             and
             Cascades
             that
             have
             been
             described
             ;
             as
             that
             they
             are
             supplied
             with
             a
             natural
             conveyance
             of
             water
             that
             does
             constantly
             run
             ,
             and
             is
             not
             forc'd
             up
             with
             Engines
             into
             great
             Cisterns
             ,
             where
             it
             must
             soon
             corrupt
             and
             stink
             ,
             if
             not
             quickly
             discharged
             .
             Whence
             it
             comes
             to
             pass
             ,
             that
             the
             famous
             Water-works
             at
             Versailles
             have
             in
             this
             regard
             a
             very
             great
             disadvantage
             and
             inconvenience
             ,
             because
             they
             soon
             contract
             corruption
             ,
             and
             after
             they
             are
             forc'd
             to
             play
             ,
             are
             found
             to
             cause
             
             an
             
               ill
               stench
            
             in
             the
             Gardens
             .
             Whereas
             at
             Loo
             the
             water
             is
             always
             sweet
             ,
             and
             there
             is
             no
             need
             of
             Commands
             ,
             or
             Preparations
             for
             a
             day
             or
             two
             before
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             make
             it
             run
             .
          
           
             These
             Gradens
             in
             the
             whole
             are
             a
             Work
             of
             wonderful
             Magnisicence
             ,
             most
             worthy
             of
             so
             Great
             a
             Monarch
             ;
             a
             Work
             of
             prodigious
             expence
             ,
             infinite
             variety
             ,
             and
             curiosity
             ;
             and
             after
             nine
             years
             labour
             by
             abundance
             of
             Workmen
             they
             were
             some
             years
             ago
             intirely
             finished
             ,
             and
             brought
             to
             perfection
             in
             all
             respects
             .
          
           
             I
             should
             here
             conclude
             this
             Description
             ,
             if
             I
             did
             not
             judge
             it
             it
             may
             be
             acceptable
             to
             give
             a
             short
             account
             of
             six
             Vivers
             ,
             or
             Fish-ponds
             ,
             which
             His
             Majesty
             has
             caused
             to
             be
             made
             in
             the
             Heath
             ,
             beyond
             the
             Gardens
             .
             When
             I
             was
             at
             Loo
             ,
             two
             years
             since
             ,
             there
             were
             about
             two
             hundred
             Persons
             imployed
             in
             the
             making
             the
             said
             Vivers
             ,
             which
             are
             since
             finished
             .
             They
             are
             situated
             on
             the
             East-side
             of
             that
             Walk
             which
             is
             continued
             from
             the
             end
             of
             the
             
               Upper
               Garden
            
             ,
             between
             Lime-trees
             ,
             unto
             a
             Pyramid
             that
             is
             crected
             half
             a
             mile
             off
             in
             the
             Heath
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             of
             these
             Vivers
             is
             about
             twenty
             yards
             distant
             from
             the
             Lime-trees
             ,
             and
             is
             eight
             hundred
             and
             forty
             foot
             ,
             or
             two
             hundred
             and
             eighty
             yards
             in
             length
             .
             And
             it
             is
             two
             hundred
             and
             forty
             foot
             ,
             or
             fourscore
             yards
             in
             breadth
             .
          
           
             All
             the
             
               six
               Vivers
            
             do
             lye
             Eastward
             of
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             the
             water
             is
             conveyed
             from
             one
             to
             another
             ,
             after
             the
             manner
             as
             in
             the
             Fist-ponds
             in
             Hide-park
             .
             To
             the
             first
             there
             is
             made
             a
             subterrancan
             Passage
             ,
             built
             of
             Brick
             ,
             from
             the
             Canal
             that
             runs
             at
             the
             North-end
             of
             the
             
               Great
               Garden
            
             ,
             by
             the
             which
             Passage
             the
             water
             is
             brought
             into
             the
             first
             Viver
             ,
             and
             from
             that
             let
             into
             the
             others
             .
          
           
           
             The
             second
             Viver
             is
             in
             length
             six
             hundred
             and
             twelve
             foot
             ,
             or
             two
             hundred
             and
             four
             yards
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             two
             hundred
             and
             forty
             foot
             ,
             or
             fourscore
             yards
             broad
             .
          
           
             The
             third
             Viver
             is
             four
             hundred
             forty
             four
             foot
             ,
             or
             a
             hundred
             forty
             eight
             yards
             long
             ;
             and
             of
             the
             same
             breadth
             with
             the
             two
             former
             .
          
           
             The
             fourth
             ,
             sifth
             ,
             and
             sixth
             Vivers
             ,
             are
             all
             of
             the
             same
             length
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             three
             hundred
             ninety
             six
             foot
             ,
             or
             one
             hundred
             thirty
             two
             yards
             long
             ;
             and
             they
             are
             all
             three
             of
             the
             same
             breadth
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             four
             hundred
             forty
             four
             foot
             ,
             or
             one
             hundred
             forty
             eight
             yards
             .
          
           
             The
             length
             of
             the
             three
             first
             Vivers
             is
             extended
             Northwards
             ,
             but
             that
             of
             the
             three
             latter
             is
             made
             Eastward
             ;
             the
             situation
             of
             the
             ground
             ,
             wherein
             they
             are
             made
             ,
             requiring
             this
             alteration
             .
             For
             on
             the
             North-side
             the
             Heath
             has
             a
             rising
             ascent
             ,
             which
             makes
             this
             alteration
             of
             the
             dimensions
             necessary
             .
             Between
             the
             Vivers
             and
             this
             rising-ground
             there
             is
             room
             enough
             for
             receiving
             the
             water
             that
             shall
             at
             any
             time
             be
             emptied
             out
             of
             them
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             fill
             them
             with
             fresh
             water
             .
          
           
             They
             are
             not
             made
             above
             six
             foot
             deep
             ,
             and
             the
             Earth
             that
             is
             dug
             out
             of
             them
             does
             serve
             to
             make
             the
             Banks
             round
             about
             them
             ;
             the
             which
             Banks
             being
             raised
             three
             foot
             above
             the
             Vivers
             ,
             does
             occasion
             that
             their
             depth
             is
             but
             three
             foot
             more
             .
             The
             Banks
             that
             surround
             all
             the
             
               six
               Vivers
            
             are
             twenty
             four
             foot
             broad
             ,
             and
             on
             those
             Banks
             which
             so
             encompass
             them
             ,
             there
             is
             made
             a
             pleasant
             Walk
             ,
             adorned
             with
             Willows
             the
             whole
             circumference
             .
             But
             the
             Banks
             which
             serve
             to
             separate
             them
             from
             one
             another
             ,
             are
             but
             eighteen
             foot
             broad
             .
             These
             Vivers
             are
             provided
             for
             the
             supplying
             different
             sorts
             of
             Fish
             ;
             and
             are
             now
             finished
             
             by
             a
             Model
             of
             Mosieur
             Marot
             ,
             a
             very
             ingenious
             Mathematician
             ,
             who
             is
             the
             same
             Person
             that
             first
             Designed
             all
             these
             Gardens
             and
             Fountains
             ;
             but
             the
             Orders
             relating
             to
             them
             were
             from
             time
             to
             time
             given
             by
             the
             Right
             Honourable
             the
             Earl
             of
             Portland
             ;
             and
             his
             Lordship's
             Directions
             were
             punctually
             observed
             by
             Monsieur
             
               des
               Marais
            
             ,
             His
             
             Majesty's
             Chief
             Architect
             ,
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             great
             Endowments
             and
             Capacity
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
         
           A
           Short
           Account
           of
           HOLLAND
           .
        
         
           IN
           the
           foregoing
           Description
           I
           have
           given
           the
           Reader
           a
           moderate
           comprehension
           of
           those
           famous
           Gardens
           ;
           the
           finishing
           of
           which
           so
           nobly
           ,
           and
           with
           that
           great
           variety
           ,
           is
           the
           more
           to
           be
           Admired
           ,
           because
           it
           was
           done
           
             during
             the
             late
             War
          
           ,
           when
           all
           things
           were
           at
           stake
           ,
           and
           the
           event
           was
           feared
           so
           much
           by
           most
           men
           .
           And
           although
           things
           were
           not
           indeed
           in
           that
           danger
           from
           the
           French
           ,
           as
           the
           
             Roman
             State
          
           was
           ,
           when
           Hannibal
           was
           at
           the
           Gates
           of
           Rome
           ,
           yet
           it
           puts
           me
           in
           mind
           of
           a
           Brave
           Action
           of
           that
           Great
           People
           ,
           who
           ,
           whilst
           Hannibal
           was
           just
           under
           their
           Walls
           with
           his
           Army
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           the
           Fields
           whereon
           he
           was
           Incamped
           ,
           happening
           to
           be
           then
           exposed
           to
           
             Publick
             Sale
          
           ,
           were
           no
           destitute
           of
           Purchasers
           of
           the
           Magnanimity
           ,
           who
           at
           that
           very
           time
           gave
           even
           the
           Market
           Price
           for
           an
           Estate
           then
           in
           possession
           of
           the
           Greatest
           and
           most
           Deadly
           Enemy
           that
           ever
           threatned
           that
           Republick
           ,
           from
           the
           first
           Founding
           of
           the
           City
           .
        
         
           And
           this
           is
           the
           more
           remarkable
           ,
           because
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           ,
           at
           the
           breaking
           out
           of
           this
           War
           ,
           though
           his
           Coffers
           were
           then
           full
           of
           an
           inexhaustible
           Treasure
           ,
           as
           't
           was
           thought
           ;
           and
           though
           he
           had
           an
           inclination
           to
           Magaincent
           Buildings
           beyond
           all
           his
           Predecessors
           ,
           yet
           he
           immediately
           Ordered
           a
           
             full
             stop
          
           to
           be
           put
           to
           all
           his
           
             Publick
             Works
          
           :
           Well
           foreseeing
           what
           a
           terrible
           Storm
           he
           had
           brought
           upon
           his
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           with
           how
           
             Great
             a
             General
          
           he
           was
           like
           to
           contend
           .
           Insomuch
           that
           this
           
             Grand
             Monarch
          
           ,
           who
           was
           often
           said
           to
           give
           Peace
           to
           Europe
           ,
           out
           
           of
           a
           certain
           peculiar
           Generosity
           ,
           when
           he
           had
           on
           a
           sudden
           snatcht
           away
           from
           his
           Neighbours
           one
           Province
           after
           another
           ,
           and
           his
           
             Slow
             Enemies
          
           had
           begun
           to
           form
           their
           Forces
           ;
           this
           Monarch
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           was
           by
           the
           late
           long
           and
           Expensive
           War
           ,
           by
           the
           firmness
           of
           the
           
             Confederate
             Union
          
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           prospect
           of
           a
           Peace
           with
           the
           Turks
           ,
           brought
           to
           such
           Fears
           and
           Apprehensions
           ,
           that
           he
           Purchased
           a
           Peace
           with
           a
           strange
           and
           surprizing
           dismembring
           his
           Great
           Monarchy
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           Surrendring
           an
           incredible
           number
           of
           large
           and
           rich
           Provinces
           ,
           and
           many
           Forts
           and
           
             Strong
             Towns
          
           that
           were
           thought
           to
           be
           Impregnable
           .
        
         
           An
           since
           there
           is
           so
           near
           a
           proximity
           between
           Loo
           and
           Holland
           ,
           I
           cannot
           here
           omit
           to
           say
           somewhat
           of
           that
           Great
           ,
           and
           
             Considerable
             People
          
           ,
           among
           whom
           these
           Gardens
           are
           to
           be
           seen
           .
           But
           this
           Subject
           having
           been
           excellently
           well
           performed
           ,
           if
           not
           in
           a
           manner
           exhausted
           ,
           by
           one
           of
           the
           best
           of
           our
           
             English
             Pens
          
           ,
           who
           has
           joined
           together
           the
           Scholar
           and
           the
           Gentleman
           in
           his
           Writings
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           any
           of
           our
           Modern
           Authors
           ;
           and
           particularly
           in
           his
           late
           Essays
           upon
           Ancient
           and
           
             Modern
             Learning
          
           ,
           &c.
           
           I
           shall
           therefore
           refer
           my
           Reader
           to
           Sir
           
             William
             Temple's
          
           Curious
           Observatios
           upon
           the
           
             United
             Provinces
          
           of
           the
           Netherlands
           ,
           for
           a
           more
           distinct
           and
           full
           knowledge
           of
           this
           Great
           Subject
           ;
           and
           yet
           however
           I
           will
           not
           pass
           it
           by
           altogether
           in
           silence
           .
        
         
           The
           Belgae
           ,
           or
           the
           
             Low
             Countries
          
           ,
           were
           for
           their
           Valour
           and
           Courage
           eminent
           above
           other
           People
           ,
           even
           in
           the
           time
           of
           
             Julius
             Caesar
          
           ,
           who
           at
           the
           beginning
           of
           his
           
             Commentaries
             ,
             de
             Bello
             Gallico
          
           ,
           has
           these
           words
           .
           
             Horum
             omnium
             fortissimi
             sunt
             Belgae
          
           .
           When
           Caesar
           had
           divided
           Gaul
           into
           three
           Parts
           ,
           he
           says
           the
           Stoutest
           and
           most
           Couragious
           of
           them
           all
           ,
           were
           the
           Belgae
           ,
           or
           
             Low
             Countrymen
          
           ,
           then
           called
           
             Gallica
             Belgica
          
           ,
           and
           since
           divided
           into
           
             Seventeen
             Provinces
          
           under
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Austria
           ,
           until
           William
           the
           Wise
           and
           Valiant
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           
           first
           rescued
           ,
           and
           the
           Invincible
           
             Prince
             Maurice
          
           of
           Nassaw
           ,
           by
           abundance
           of
           Victories
           ,
           and
           Sieges
           ,
           compleated
           the
           Peace
           of
           ,
           Seven
           of
           those
           Provinces
           ,
           and
           established
           them
           in
           a
           
             Free
             Republick
          
           ,
           on
           the
           9th
           of
           April
           ,
           1609.
           
           Again
           Tacitus
           ,
           lib.
           4.
           says
           ,
           
             Quicquid
             roboris
             apud
             Gallos
             sit
             ,
             Belgas
             esse
             :
          
           That
           the
           chiefest
           strength
           of
           all
           France
           was
           in
           these
           People
           .
           By
           which
           it
           appears
           ,
           that
           the
           Dominion
           of
           France
           was
           then
           greater
           than
           it
           is
           now
           ,
           and
           yet
           Europe
           was
           not
           overrun
           with
           it
           .
           That
           Providence
           ,
           which
           certainly
           counducts
           and
           over-rules
           the
           Affairs
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           sets
           bounds
           to
           Empires
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           to
           the
           Sea.
           But
           to
           proceed
           ,
           We
           have
           had
           ,
           in
           the
           late
           War
           ,
           sufficent
           experience
           of
           the
           Fortitude
           and
           Valour
           of
           the
           Provinces
           now
           mentioned
           .
           For
           what
           Horse
           have
           done
           their
           duty
           ,
           or
           fought
           better
           upon
           occasion
           that
           the
           Walloons
           ,
           so
           miserable
           to
           look
           upon
           ,
           usually
           called
           the
           
             Spanish
             Horse
          
           ,
           though
           Natives
           of
           Flanders
           ,
           and
           Brabant
           ?
           Or
           what
           Foot
           have
           done
           better
           service
           in
           the
           late
           War
           than
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           either
           in
           Sieges
           ,
           or
           in
           Battels
           ?
        
         
           For
           if
           I
           were
           to
           speak
           of
           the
           
             English
             Soldiery
          
           ,
           or
           were
           askt
           which
           were
           the
           
             best
             Soldiers
          
           ,
           the
           French
           or
           the
           Belgae
           ,
           I
           sshould
           answer
           ,
           the
           Englissh
           ,
           as
           
             Sir
             Walter
             Rawleigh
          
           did
           ,
           when
           putting
           the
           question
           ,
           in
           his
           book
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           which
           were
           the
           bravest
           Soldiers
           ,
           the
           Roman
           ,
           or
           the
           Grecian
           ,
           made
           answer
           the
           English
           ;
           who
           ,
           if
           they
           were
           in
           his
           time
           of
           such
           account
           and
           esteem
           ,
           when
           only
           a
           Queen
           ,
           though
           she
           indeed
           a
           most
           Excellent
           one
           ,
           sate
           on
           the
           Throne
           ,
           and
           lest
           her
           Armies
           to
           the
           Conduct
           of
           her
           Gener●is
           :
           What
           admiration
           ought
           now
           to
           be
           had
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           when
           they
           have
           our
           
             Present
             King
          
           at
           the
           Head
           of
           them
           !
           For
           we
           must
           not
           forget
           ,
           
             tanti
             esse
             f
             ,
             quanti
             Imperatorem
             .
          
           That
           the
           Strength
           of
           an
           Army
           is
           to
           be
           truly
           measured
           by
           the
           Valour
           and
           Conduct
           of
           the
           General
           .
        
         
         
           And
           we
           may
           have
           some
           reason
           to
           doubt
           ,
           whether
           Alexander
           the
           Great
           had
           a
           better
           Army
           ,
           or
           better
           Soldiers
           ,
           even
           of
           his
           Grecians
           ,
           with
           which
           it
           was
           his
           good
           fortune
           to
           
             Conquer
             the
             World
          
           before
           him
           ,
           and
           the
           which
           he
           led
           so
           boldly
           and
           bravely
           against
           a
           great
           concourse
           of
           Persians
           ,
           who
           were
           a
           weak
           and
           esseminate
           People
           ;
           than
           our
           Edward
           the
           Third
           ,
           or
           Henry
           the
           Fifth
           ,
           conducted
           against
           France
           it self
           ,
           that
           was
           always
           esteemed
           a
           Warlike
           People
           ,
           and
           was
           long
           ago
           adjudg'd
           such
           by
           Caesar
           himself
           ,
           by
           his
           own
           Experience
           ,
           after
           he
           had
           Conquer'd
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           of
           Europe
           .
           Those
           two
           famous
           
             English
             Kings
          
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           did
           sufficiently
           manisest
           the
           Superiority
           of
           
             English
             Armies
          
           to
           all
           others
           ,
           upon
           better
           trials
           than
           with
           Persians
           ,
           when
           they
           had
           Kings
           at
           their
           
             Head
             ,
             like
          
           to
           themselves
           ,
           and
           worthy
           to
           conduct
           them
           .
        
         
           The
           knowledge
           of
           this
           Truth
           ,
           made
           the
           late
           Renowned
           and
           Excellent
           General
           Turenne
           ,
           so
           much
           to
           covet
           
             English
             Soldiers
          
           before
           all
           others
           ,
           and
           even
           before
           his
           own
           Countrymen
           ,
           in
           the
           Armies
           he
           Commanded
           .
           And
           this
           made
           him
           so
           desirous
           of
           the
           Honour
           ,
           to
           be
           called
           Father
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           when
           he
           was
           their
           Friend
           and
           Prorector
           .
        
         
           The
           last
           Demonstration
           we
           have
           had
           of
           the
           English
           undaunted
           Courage
           ,
           was
           lately
           before
           Namur
           ,
           where
           in
           the
           first
           Attack
           that
           was
           made
           ,
           the
           
             English
             Red-Coats
          
           struck
           such
           a
           Terror
           on
           the
           French
           ,
           by
           an
           unparalel'd
           Bravery
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           never
           able
           to
           recover
           themselves
           from
           the
           fright
           ,
           during
           the
           Siege
           .
           And
           when
           the
           Town
           was
           forced
           to
           Surrender
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           then
           Ordered
           away
           all
           the
           English
           to
           the
           Succour
           of
           
             Prince
             Vandemont
          
           ,
           after
           the
           
             famous
             Retreat
          
           he
           had
           made
           ,
           and
           to
           Preserve
           Brussels
           from
           falling
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           Villeroy
           ,
           at
           the
           time
           he
           Bombarded
           it
           ;
           the
           Elector
           of
           Bavaria
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           heard
           ,
           begg'd
           of
           His
           Majesty
           the
           detaining
           
             four
             English
             Battalions
          
           towards
           carrying
           on
           the
           Siege
           of
           the
           Castle
           ,
           and
           Forts
           adjoining
           
           to
           the
           end
           that
           the
           same
           Terror
           might
           still
           remain
           with
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           which
           the
           Valour
           of
           the
           English
           had
           struck
           so
           deeply
           upon
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           of
           how
           great
           weight
           and
           force
           to
           the
           animating
           a
           People
           ,
           or
           Army
           ,
           the
           genius
           of
           a
           
             Good
             General
          
           is
           ,
           may
           be
           evinced
           ,
           by
           that
           dismal
           Revolution
           ,
           which
           happened
           to
           the
           
             United
             Provinces
          
           in
           the
           Year
           1672.
           
           This
           People
           ,
           so
           famous
           in
           History
           for
           their
           Courage
           ,
           and
           who
           had
           so
           gallantly
           signalized
           themselves
           for
           it
           against
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           when
           they
           were
           besieged
           by
           them
           in
           
             Leyden
             ,
             Haerlem
          
           ,
           and
           Alcmar
           ;
           when
           it
           happened
           that
           the
           inundation
           of
           the
           French
           Armies
           came
           upon
           them
           in
           that
           Year
           ,
           they
           made
           no
           manner
           of
           Resistance
           ,
           their
           Towns
           hardly
           staid
           for
           a
           Summons
           to
           surrender
           ,
           the
           French
           were
           advanced
           within
           sight
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           People
           of
           Holland
           seem'd
           to
           be
           without
           a
           Soul
           ,
           as
           they
           were
           without
           a
           Head.
           Now
           at
           this
           so
           strange
           and
           fatal
           a
           Juncture
           ,
           when
           once
           the
           
             Perpetual
             Edict
          
           ,
           for
           abrogating
           the
           Office
           of
           Stadtholder
           ,
           was
           annulled
           and
           at
           end
           ,
           and
           the
           then
           
             Young
             Prince
             of
             Orange
          
           was
           restored
           to
           the
           Power
           and
           Dignity
           of
           his
           Ancestors
           ,
           behold
           all
           things
           quickly
           recovered
           new
           life
           ,
           the
           Soldiers
           resumed
           the
           Courage
           they
           had
           lost
           ,
           and
           the
           many
           Towns
           that
           were
           subjected
           to
           the
           French
           ,
           in
           
             Gelderland
             ,
             Over-Issell
             ,
             Utrecht
          
           ,
           and
           in
           part
           of
           Holland
           it self
           ,
           they
           were
           soon
           obliged
           to
           restore
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           same
           celerity
           ,
           as
           they
           had
           before
           over-run
           them
           .
           Nay
           ,
           and
           the
           strong
           Town
           of
           Grave
           ,
           situated
           upon
           the
           Maese
           ,
           defended
           so
           well
           by
           Chamilly
           ,
           and
           which
           the
           French
           were
           so
           unwilling
           quit
           ,
           was
           by
           the
           vigor
           and
           prudent
           Conduct
           of
           the
           same
           successful
           General
           ,
           our
           present
           most
           
             August
             Monarch
          
           ,
           soon
           reduced
           to
           the
           Obedience
           of
           the
           States
           .
        
         
           Moreover
           ,
           to
           the
           same
           Cause
           ,
           under
           God
           ,
           to
           the
           Influence
           and
           Conduct
           of
           the
           
             same
             General
          
           ;
           our
           most
           Magnanimous
           King
           ,
           at
           the
           Head
           of
           the
           Confederate
           Army
           ,
           
           Spain
           does
           now
           owe
           ,
           not
           only
           the
           recovery
           of
           Catalonia
           ,
           that
           was
           entirely
           lost
           ;
           but
           the
           Preservation
           of
           Brabant
           and
           Flanders
           ,
           by
           the
           Surrendring
           of
           Aeth
           ,
           and
           Courtray
           ;
           the
           Restitution
           of
           Luxemburgh
           and
           Hainault
           ;
           and
           the
           late
           Conquest
           of
           Namur
           it self
           ,
           in
           sight
           of
           a
           French
           Army
           of
           above
           a
           hundred
           thousand
           men
           .
           And
           lastly
           ,
           To
           the
           same
           
             Generalissimo
             Europe
          
           will
           ever
           be
           indebted
           for
           this
           Glorious
           ,
           and
           Wonderful
           Peace
           ,
           that
           it
           now
           so
           happily
           enjoys
           ,
           and
           which
           will
           always
           be
           recorded
           by
           Historians
           ,
           to
           the
           immortal
           Praise
           of
           the
           
             Great
             King
             William
          
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Admiration
           of
           all
           Posterity
           .
        
         
           The
           Dutch
           are
           not
           now
           torn
           and
           divided
           into
           Factions
           ,
           and
           Parties
           ,
           but
           are
           generally
           unanimous
           in
           their
           Counsels
           ,
           calm
           in
           their
           Deliberation
           ,
           and
           soon
           resolve
           on
           such
           Supplies
           or
           Taxes
           ,
           as
           are
           necessary
           for
           the
           safety
           and
           welfare
           of
           the
           State.
           Formerly
           indeed
           ,
           by
           the
           influence
           of
           
             French
             Emissaries
          
           ,
           they
           have
           laboured
           under
           Divisions
           and
           Animosities
           ,
           to
           the
           detriment
           ,
           and
           danger
           of
           the
           State
           ;
           and
           they
           have
           
             not
             always
             hearkened
             to
             the
             wisest
             Counsel
             ,
          
           witness
           their
           hasty
           conclusion
           of
           the
           Peace
           at
           Nimmeguen
           .
           But
           it
           is
           now
           become
           a
           frequent
           Observation
           among
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           as
           a
           Gentleman
           of
           theirs
           of
           good
           understanding
           ,
           and
           considerable
           employment
           ,
           informed
           me
           ,
           that
           in
           all
           things
           wherein
           they
           have
           been
           found
           to
           follow
           the
           
             Wise
             Counsel
          
           and
           Advice
           of
           our
           
             present
             King
          
           ,
           they
           have
           always
           found
           themselves
           to
           be
           Successful
           ;
           and
           whensoever
           they
           have
           rejected
           ,
           or
           
             not
             followed
          
           the
           same
           
             Wise
             Counsel
          
           ,
           they
           have
           
             as
             often
          
           proved
           unfortunate
           ,
           as
           the
           Events
           themselves
           have
           afterwards
           demonstrated
           .
           And
           hence
           it
           comes
           to
           pass
           ,
           that
           now
           the
           State
           of
           the
           War
           for
           the
           next
           Year
           can
           there
           be
           determined
           in
           as
           
             few
             days
          
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           
             in
             months
          
           in
           some
           other
           Countries
           .
           And
           now
           the
           Pensionary
           of
           Holland
           Consulting
           two
           or
           two
           three
           days
           with
           the
           Stadtholder
           ,
           does
           bring
           matters
           of
           the
           greatest
           moment
           to
           a
           shorter
           issue
           ,
           than
           can
           be
           easily
           expected
           from
           the
           different
           Sentiments
           
           of
           a
           great
           number
           of
           Counsellors
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           Wise
           .
        
         
           Holland
           does
           contain
           a
           greater
           number
           of
           large
           ,
           populous
           ,
           and
           considerable
           Towns
           ,
           than
           possibly
           are
           to
           be
           found
           so
           near
           together
           in
           any
           other
           part
           of
           the
           Universe
           .
           But
           though
           it
           abounds
           with
           multitudes
           of
           Inhabitants
           ,
           and
           is
           enriched
           with
           so
           many
           great
           Towns
           ,
           such
           as
           Amsterdam
           ,
           the
           
             Hague
             ,
             Leyden
             ,
             Dort
             ,
             Delf
             ,
             Rotterdam
             ,
             Haerlem
             ,
          
           the
           Briel
           ,
           &c.
           and
           others
           ,
           as
           remarkable
           as
           the
           Chief
           Cities
           in
           other
           Countries
           ,
           yet
           it
           yields
           to
           their
           sustenance
           little
           or
           no
           product
           of
           Corn
           or
           Grain
           .
           They
           are
           sain
           to
           fetch
           from
           the
           Baltick
           ,
           and
           other
           Places
           ,
           where
           it
           is
           plentiful
           ,
           Corn
           enough
           to
           supply
           themselves
           ,
           and
           their
           Neighbours
           ,
           who
           want
           it
           .
           And
           they
           do
           send
           out
           great
           Fleets
           every
           year
           for
           that
           purpose
           .
           All
           this
           Country
           is
           a
           
             low
             level
          
           ,
           lower
           tan
           the
           Sea
           it self
           in
           many
           places
           ,
           and
           defended
           from
           the
           inundation
           of
           the
           Sea
           by
           incredible
           Dykes
           ,
           or
           Banks
           .
           All
           the
           
             seventeen
             Provinces
          
           are
           commonly
           called
           the
           
             Low
             Countries
          
           ;
           no
           that
           they
           are
           all
           a
           
             Low
             level
          
           like
           unto
           Holland
           ,
           but
           because
           they
           are
           situated
           towards
           the
           Lower
           part
           of
           the
           Rhine
           ,
           and
           therefore
           are
           now
           called
           by
           Authors
           
             Germania
             inferior
          
           ,
           or
           Lower
           Germany
           .
           The
           Country
           of
           Holland
           is
           excellent
           for
           Pasture
           ,
           and
           cultivated
           to
           the
           best
           advantage
           by
           mighty
           labour
           and
           industry
           of
           the
           Inhabitants
           .
           They
           have
           cut
           large
           Canals
           through
           all
           parts
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           by
           means
           of
           which
           they
           do
           go
           commodiously
           and
           pleasantly
           from
           Town
           to
           Town
           ,
           at
           a
           regulated
           easy
           expence
           ,
           in
           cleanly
           and
           large
           Vessels
           ,
           covered
           from
           the
           Weather
           ,
           which
           set
           out
           constantly
           at
           certain
           hours
           ,
           whether
           the
           Passengers
           are
           many
           or
           few
           ,
           so
           soon
           as
           a
           Bell
           has
           done
           ringing
           .
           And
           by
           means
           of
           the
           said
           Canals
           ,
           they
           do
           enrich
           ,
           and
           water
           their
           Grounds
           at
           pleasure
           ,
           and
           by
           Wind-mills
           they
           do
           throw
           out
           the
           water
           again
           ,
           as
           they
           judge
           convenient
           .
           As
           we
           travel
           along
           these
           Canals
           ,
           it
           is
           delightful
           
           to
           see
           so
           many
           Noble
           
             Country
             Houses
          
           ,
           bordering
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           adorned
           with
           near
           Gardens
           ,
           within
           sight
           of
           ●ll
           Passengers
           .
           The
           water
           of
           these
           Canals
           is
           not
           offensive
           to
           the
           smell
           ,
           even
           in
           the
           Summer
           time
           ,
           although
           generally
           they
           are
           a
           Standing
           water
           .
           Possibly
           the
           great
           number
           of
           Boats
           that
           are
           continually
           plying
           to
           and
           fro
           ,
           and
           drawn
           by
           Horses
           upon
           the
           trot
           ,
           do
           keep
           the
           water
           in
           that
           agitation
           ,
           that
           it
           has
           not
           time
           to
           putrify
           ,
           and
           grow
           offensive
           .
        
         
           If
           this
           
             Low
             Country
          
           wants
           any
           thing
           ,
           it
           is
           that
           variety
           of
           different
           Objects
           ,
           which
           we
           do
           enjoy
           so
           much
           here
           in
           England
           ;
           and
           the
           which
           Variety
           is
           so
           acceptable
           and
           agreable
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           who
           do
           all
           ,
           and
           in
           every
           thing
           ,
           consist
           of
           Variety
           ,
           as
           in
           
             Languages
             ,
             Voices
             ,
             Persons
             ,
             Countenances
             ,
             Gestures
             ,
             Hand-writing
             ,
             Cloaths
             ,
             Appetites
             ,
             Gustoes
             ,
          
           and
           what
           not
           .
           For
           what
           can
           contribute
           so
           much
           to
           the
           establishing
           our
           Healths
           ,
           when
           declining
           into
           a
           Consumptive
           state
           ,
           as
           Variety
           even
           of
           Country-Air
           ?
           Or
           to
           what
           end
           has
           Providence
           made
           that
           insinite
           Provision
           of
           Flesh
           ,
           and
           Fish
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           Sustenance
           ,
           if
           not
           to
           please
           and
           gratify
           the
           different
           Appetites
           of
           men
           ?
           And
           I
           am
           mightily
           mistaken
           ,
           if
           even
           in
           Physick
           too
           ,
           the
           constant
           ,
           long
           continuance
           of
           the
           
             same
             Medicines
          
           will
           have
           that
           good
           effect
           on
           abundance
           of
           Constitutions
           in
           Chronical
           Cases
           ,
           as
           a
           Change
           ,
           and
           Variety
           ,
           and
           
             Alteration
             of
             Medicines
          
           .
        
         
           But
           to
           return
           ;
           there
           is
           little
           of
           our
           Variety
           to
           be
           seen
           in
           Holland
           .
           In
           travelling
           from
           place
           to
           place
           we
           do
           every
           where
           see
           the
           same
           sort
           of
           Country
           again
           and
           again
           .
           One
           House
           that
           we
           look
           upon
           may
           differ
           in
           dimensions
           ,
           or
           other
           circumstances
           from
           another
           House
           ;
           but
           the
           Countrey
           in
           one
           place
           has
           the
           same
           Aspect
           and
           Resemblance
           to
           that
           in
           another
           ,
           as
           an
           Egg
           is
           like
           to
           an
           Egg.
           So
           that
           after
           our
           first
           Curiosity
           is
           reasonably
           well
           satisfied
           ,
           our
           Entertainment
           in
           the
           Boats
           is
           commonly
           a
           
           Book
           ,
           or
           viewing
           the
           mixt
           Company
           ,
           or
           sometimes
           Discourse
           of
           I
           know
           not
           what
           ,
           to
           pass
           away
           the
           time
           .
        
         
           He
           that
           would
           see
           kind
           of
           Paradise
           in
           this
           Country
           ,
           must
           go
           by
           Land
           from
           Dort
           one
           League
           towards
           Breda
           ;
           and
           there
           he
           will
           see
           all
           the
           way
           a
           Country
           so
           adorned
           with
           fine
           Houses
           ,
           and
           fine
           Gardens
           ,
           and
           with
           that
           variety
           of
           Trees
           ,
           planted
           in
           good
           order
           ,
           and
           on
           all
           sides
           ,
           that
           he
           will
           not
           know
           which
           way
           to
           cast
           his
           Eye
           first
           ,
           so
           many
           Objects
           will
           invite
           him
           .
           Perhaps
           he
           will
           find
           himself
           distracted
           with
           as
           much
           diverting
           variety
           ,
           as
           a
           young
           Gentleman
           or
           Lady
           is
           wont
           to
           be
           ,
           when
           they
           first
           come
           out
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           take
           the
           diversion
           of
           the
           Ring
           in
           Hidepark
           in
           good
           Weather
           ,
           on
           a
           Sunday
           Evening
           ,
           when
           the
           Town
           is
           full
           .
           I
           need
           not
           describe
           the
           Charms
           ,
           the
           Lustre
           ,
           the
           Atractions
           of
           
             Living
             Objects
          
           there
           ,
           Originals
           in
           the
           greatest
           perfection
           that
           Nature
           ever
           drew
           ,
           and
           such
           Masterpieces
           of
           Man
           and
           Womankind
           ,
           as
           neither
           Italy
           it self
           ,
           nor
           all
           the
           World
           perhaps
           ,
           can
           equal
           ,
           or
           shew
           the
           like
           ,
           as
           in
           this
           our
           Paradise
           of
           Women
           ,
           as
           England
           has
           been
           often
           and
           justly
           called
           ;
           nor
           need
           I
           hint
           how
           the
           Eyes
           of
           young
           Comers
           do
           there
           nimbly
           rowl
           about
           ,
           not
           without
           pain
           sometimes
           ,
           and
           even
           danger
           of
           Distortion
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Dutch
             Brabant
          
           to
           say
           nothing
           now
           of
           the
           Velawe
           )
           from
           
             Bergen-op
             Zoom
          
           to
           
             Breda
             ,
             Boisleduc
          
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           Grave
           ,
           is
           for
           much
           the
           greatest
           part
           a
           barren
           and
           sandy
           Country
           ,
           where
           Horses
           do
           seldom
           travel
           above
           a
           League
           an
           hour
           .
           It
           is
           indeed
           a
           very
           strong
           Frontier
           ,
           and
           hard
           to
           be
           attempted
           ;
           and
           therefore
           the
           French
           ,
           when
           they
           made
           their
           memorable
           Inroad
           on
           these
           Provinces
           in
           the
           Year
           1672.
           thought
           it
           more
           adviseable
           to
           hazard
           the
           difficult
           passage
           of
           the
           Rhine
           it self
           ,
           by
           swimming
           one
           of
           the
           greatest
           Rivers
           of
           Europe
           ,
           than
           to
           make
           its
           Attack
           upon
           any
           part
           of
           this
           large
           Frontier
           ,
           where
           the
           Towns
           were
           so
           strong
           ,
           and
           Forrage
           would
           have
           been
           so
           scarce
           .
        
         
         
           I
           was
           never
           in
           Frieseland
           ,
           nor
           Groningen
           ,
           and
           therefore
           shall
           say
           nothing
           of
           those
           Parts
           .
           Once
           I
           rid
           from
           Dieren
           to
           Zutphen
           ,
           over
           the
           Issell
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           see
           a
           most
           Noble
           and
           Magnisicent
           House
           of
           the
           Right
           Honourable
           the
           Earl
           of
           Albemarle
           ,
           that
           his
           Lordship
           has
           lately
           built
           about
           half
           a
           League
           from
           Zutphen
           ,
           and
           from
           which
           City
           there
           is
           a
           very
           spacious
           Avenue
           ,
           or
           Access
           made
           to
           the
           House
           ,
           between
           a
           double
           Row
           of
           Trees
           ;
           his
           Lordship
           possessing
           a
           considerable
           Estate
           in
           that
           Province
           .
           This
           House
           has
           
             Noble
             Gardens
          
           adjoining
           to
           it
           ,
           and
           made
           after
           the
           greatest
           Models
           ,
           with
           
             Terras-Walks
             ,
             Fountains
             ,
             Cascades
             ,
             Canals
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           But
           they
           were
           not
           then
           finished
           ,
           no
           more
           than
           the
           House
           ,
           when
           I
           went
           to
           see
           them
           ,
           after
           the
           last
           Campagne
           .
        
         
           His
           Lordship
           is
           descended
           of
           an
           Ancient
           Family
           in
           this
           Country
           ,
           and
           was
           Baron
           of
           Keppell
           ,
           or
           Kappell
           ,
           a
           Town
           of
           note
           in
           the
           Jurisdiction
           of
           Zutphen
           ,
           before
           he
           was
           made
           an
           
             English
             Earl
          
           ;
           and
           his
           Lordship
           is
           admitted
           among
           the
           Noblemen
           of
           Holland
           ,
           which
           compose
           one
           part
           of
           the
           States
           ,
           or
           have
           their
           Representation
           in
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           now
           twenty
           years
           since
           I
           was
           in
           Zealand
           ,
           having
           been
           then
           sent
           to
           Ulussing
           to
           see
           a
           sick
           Gentleman
           ;
           whom
           after
           I
           had
           ,
           through
           God's
           Blessing
           ,
           soon
           put
           into
           a
           state
           of
           sasety
           ,
           I
           went
           to
           see
           Middleburgh
           :
           and
           going
           thither
           upon
           a
           high
           Causeway
           ,
           and
           looking
           down
           upon
           the
           Country
           ,
           I
           could
           not
           but
           think
           it
           anciently
           belonged
           to
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           from
           whence
           it
           has
           therefore
           properly
           its
           name
           of
           Zealand
           .
           They
           are
           Towns
           of
           great
           :
           Trade
           ,
           and
           Ships
           of
           the
           greatest
           Burthen
           ,
           or
           Force
           ,
           do
           ride
           in
           deep
           Canals
           ,
           in
           the
           middle
           of
           the
           Streets
           of
           Ulussing
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           in
           some
           parts
           of
           Middleburgh
           .
        
         
           Great
           Geographers
           may
           indeed
           write
           learnedly
           of
           all
           the
           World
           ,
           though
           they
           never
           were
           out
           of
           the
           Country
           they
           were
           born
           in
           ;
           nor
           ever
           hazarded
           their
           Persons
           ,
           by
           
           dangerous
           Travels
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           form
           their
           Notions
           ,
           or
           Experience
           ,
           Yet
           I
           shall
           give
           but
           a
           short
           and
           slender
           Account
           of
           my
           Observations
           in
           these
           Provinces
           ,
           because
           my
           Travels
           here
           have
           been
           none
           of
           the
           greatest
           .
           I
           always
           thought
           it
           my
           Duty
           to
           continue
           in
           my
           proper
           Post
           ,
           that
           so
           I
           might
           be
           ready
           to
           receive
           the
           Honour
           of
           the
           
             King's
             Commands
          
           ,
           when
           His
           Majesty
           sShould
           judge
           it
           convenient
           to
           lay
           any
           upon
           me
           .
           For
           in
           my
           Profession
           sudden
           Accidents
           do
           sometimes
           happen
           ,
           which
           will
           not
           allow
           that
           Liberty
           or
           Curiosity
           which
           other
           Gentlemen
           may
           take
           at
           plaesure
           .
        
         
           Travelling
           abroad
           is
           certainly
           of
           singular
           use
           to
           the
           accomplishing
           a
           Gentleman
           .
           It
           enlarges
           all
           his
           Faculties
           ,
           and
           takes
           off
           that
           narrowness
           or
           littleness
           of
           mind
           ,
           which
           for
           want
           of
           knowing
           the
           World
           ,
           is
           apt
           to
           sowre
           his
           Temper
           and
           Conversation
           .
           It
           makes
           men
           have
           just
           ,
           and
           kind
           ,
           and
           charitable
           Ideas
           of
           Mankind
           ;
           and
           though
           many
           of
           our
           Gentlemen
           have
           so
           great
           natural
           Endowments
           ,
           and
           have
           besides
           such
           advantages
           above
           Foreigners
           ,
           by
           their
           Education
           in
           our
           own
           Unversities
           ,
           that
           they
           do
           not
           seem
           to
           want
           either
           this
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           Improvement
           ;
           yet
           Travelling
           will
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           ,
           polish
           even
           a
           Diamond
           ,
           take
           off
           its
           Roughnes
           ,
           and
           give
           it
           a
           new
           Lustre
           .
           And
           lastly
           ,
           it
           will
           have
           that
           good
           essect
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           well
           employed
           ,
           as
           to
           make
           him
           
             love
             his
             own
             Country
             the
             better
             .
          
           And
           E●glishmen
           ,
           that
           Travel
           ,
           prove
           very
           unhappy
           ,
           or
           make
           but
           little
           good
           use
           of
           it
           ,
           if
           after
           they
           have
           seen
           what
           is
           to
           be
           seen
           abroad
           ,
           they
           do
           not
           relish
           and
           admire
           the
           abundant
           Happiness
           of
           their
           own
           Country
           ,
           much
           better
           than
           they
           did
           before
           .
        
         
           A
           Traveller
           in
           this
           Country
           must
           be
           easy
           ,
           and
           obliging
           in
           his
           Carriage
           ,
           must
           make
           no
           noise
           ,
           and
           but
           little
           dispute
           about
           his
           Reckonings
           ;
           and
           then
           he
           will
           seldom
           have
           just
           cause
           of
           COmplaints
           .
           He
           must
           be
           contented
           with
           what
           he
           finds
           upon
           the
           spot
           ,
           and
           must
           take
           care
           to
           
           put
           his
           Host
           to
           as
           
             little
             trouble
          
           as
           may
           be
           .
           The
           more
           he
           appears
           a
           
             Man
             of
             Quality
          
           ,
           the
           more
           he
           must
           expect
           sometimes
           to
           pay
           for
           it
           ;
           but
           in
           the
           general
           ,
           if
           he
           be
           prudent
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           quiet
           peaceable
           Temper
           ,
           he
           will
           Travel
           in
           this
           Country
           with
           as
           much
           frugality
           and
           fair
           dealing
           ,
           as
           he
           can
           in
           any
           other
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Clamors
           which
           have
           sometimes
           been
           made
           through
           the
           indiscretion
           of
           Stranger
           .
        
         
           
             Great
             Taxes
          
           are
           here
           sussered
           patiently
           ,
           and
           without
           murmuring
           ,
           for
           the
           sake
           of
           the
           Liberty
           ,
           and
           Security
           they
           enjoy
           .
           They
           are
           all
           laid
           as
           equally
           as
           possible
           ;
           and
           he
           that
           can
           invent
           a
           New
           and
           
             Easy
             Tax
          
           ,
           that
           will
           not
           be
           Grievous
           to
           the
           People
           ,
           shall
           be
           sure
           not
           to
           fail
           of
           a
           Publick
           Reward
           .
           Whatever
           is
           said
           of
           
             Laws
             ,
             their
             Taxes
          
           are
           not
           like
           Cobwebs
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           lesser
           Flies
           are
           usually
           catch'd
           ,
           whilst
           the
           greater
           break
           through
           and
           escape
           .
           The
           inferior
           People
           ,
           and
           the
           Rich
           ,
           do
           pay
           to
           a
           Penny
           the
           same
           Pound-rate
           ,
           in
           proportion
           to
           their
           Abilities
           .
           No
           body
           there
           thinks
           it
           their
           Interest
           (
           or
           at
           least
           it
           was
           never
           practised
           )
           to
           promote
           Unequal
           ,
           or
           
             Uneasy
             Taxes
          
           ,
           that
           shall
           crush
           one
           part
           with
           an
           insupporatble
           burthen
           ,
           and
           leave
           other
           parts
           free
           from
           feeling
           the
           weight
           .
           And
           their
           Excises
           ,
           although
           they
           reach
           almost
           every
           thing
           imaginable
           ,
           are
           but
           little
           felt
           bythe
           generality
           ,
           or
           cause
           but
           few
           Complaints
           ,
           by
           reason
           that
           all
           do
           share
           alike
           in
           the
           payments
           ,
           according
           to
           their
           consumption
           ;
           and
           that
           they
           reach
           the
           Luxurious
           and
           Expensive
           ,
           more
           than
           the
           Poor
           ,
           or
           Frugal
           People
           .
           Their
           having
           but
           one
           Flesh-Market
           ,
           and
           one
           Fish-Market
           ,
           &c.
           in
           a
           large
           Town
           ,
           renders
           the
           Collection
           also
           easy
           and
           certain
           .
        
         
           Fustice
           is
           so
           well
           distributed
           among
           them
           ,
           and
           severely
           executed
           ,
           that
           many
           do
           think
           a
           Traveller
           may
           with
           more
           Safety
           pass
           through
           all
           the
           
             seven
             Provinces
          
           with
           his
           
             Purse
             in
             his
             hand
          
           ,
           by
           Day
           and
           by
           Night
           ,
           than
           go
           ten
           miles
           out
           of
           London
           with
           Money
           in
           his
           Pocket
           .
           Insomuch
           that
           few
           
           do
           '
           susser
           here
           on
           the
           account
           of
           Felonies
           and
           Burglaries
           ,
           excepting
           some
           Swart-makers
           of
           late
           ,
           who
           did
           blacken
           their
           Faces
           to
           conceal
           themselves
           in
           their
           Robberies
           .
           But
           that
           Gang
           has
           been
           happily
           disovered
           ,
           and
           I
           think
           extirpated
           before
           this
           time
           .
           Those
           that
           ever
           Rob
           ,
           or
           Steal
           ,
           are
           all
           hang'd
           in
           Chains
           on
           the
           Gallows
           ,
           or
           remain
           on
           the
           Wheel
           they
           were
           broke
           upon
           ,
           until
           the
           Fowls
           of
           the
           Air
           have
           done
           picking
           their
           Bones
           ,
           and
           they
           drop
           asunder
           .
           The
           which
           exemplary
           Punishment
           has
           that
           good
           effect
           in
           deterring
           others
           from
           the
           like
           Offences
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           thought
           more
           do
           dye
           by
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           Common
           Executioner
           in
           London
           at
           one
           or
           two
           Sessions
           ,
           than
           do
           on
           such
           accounts
           in
           a
           Year
           in
           all
           the
           
             Seven
             Provinces
          
           .
        
         
           Though
           all
           Opinions
           ,
           that
           are
           not
           Dangerous
           to
           the
           State
           ,
           do
           here
           find
           a
           refuge
           ,
           and
           are
           tolerated
           without
           scruple
           ;
           yet
           
             Idle
             People
          
           ,
           who
           will
           not
           work
           for
           a
           Livelihood
           ,
           and
           have
           no
           visible
           way
           of
           subsisting
           honestly
           ,
           will
           not
           long
           meet
           with
           a
           safe
           Sanctuary
           in
           these
           Provinces
           .
           The
           Magistrate
           will
           soon
           find
           them
           out
           ,
           and
           make
           them
           give
           a
           probable
           account
           how
           they
           live
           and
           subsist
           .
           They
           who
           desire
           to
           see
           what
           becomes
           of
           
             Idle
             Drones
          
           ,
           or
           Profligate
           Wretches
           ,
           may
           take
           a
           walk
           to
           the
           Rasp-bouses
           ,
           and
           Spin-bouses
           ,
           where
           they
           will
           find
           them
           busily
           employed
           at
           their
           daily
           Tasks
           ;
           but
           if
           they
           will
           not
           work
           there
           according
           to
           appointment
           ,
           the
           Pump
           is
           ready
           for
           the
           one
           ,
           to
           
             Work
             or
             Drown
          
           ,
           and
           due
           Correction
           to
           enforce
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           Indeed
           the
           Musick-Houses
           ,
           where
           loose
           People
           may
           meet
           in
           the
           Evenings
           ,
           are
           suffered
           by
           connivance
           ,
           if
           not
           allowed
           by
           Authority
           ,
           at
           Amsterdam
           ,
           for
           some
           Politick
           Considerations
           ,
           and
           particularly
           ,
           that
           the
           East-India
           Seamen
           ,
           or
           others
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           trouble
           with
           
             too
             much
             Money
          
           ,
           after
           a
           long
           Voyage
           ,
           may
           here
           have
           the
           convenience
           of
           disburthening
           ,
           or
           soon
           ridding
           themselves
           of
           the
           Incumbrance
           ;
           and
           may
           thereby
           be
           the
           sooner
           ready
           for
           
             another
             Voyage
          
           .
           But
           even
           
             these
             Houses
          
           do
           observe
           
           some
           Order
           .
           No
           boisterous
           Rudeness
           ,
           or
           scandalous
           Obscenities
           are
           here
           permitted
           .
           And
           if
           a
           Couple
           co
           happen
           to
           agree
           matters
           ,
           strike
           up
           a
           Bargain
           ,
           and
           resolve
           to
           try
           dangerous
           Experiments
           ,
           they
           must
           e'en
           retire
           from
           thence
           to
           private
           Lodgings
           hard
           by
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           commit
           their
           Follies
           .
           If
           in
           other
           Places
           of
           this
           famous
           City
           Frailties
           of
           this
           kind
           do
           come
           to
           be
           taken
           notice
           of
           ;
           and
           the
           Scout
           ,
           or
           Magistrate
           ,
           who
           has
           his
           Spies
           abroad
           ,
           should
           receive
           information
           of
           such
           Adventures
           ,
           he
           enters
           all
           Places
           immediatly
           without
           opposition
           ,
           and
           where
           he
           finds
           Offenders
           ,
           he
           inslicts
           such
           Fines
           and
           Amerciaments
           as
           with
           sufficiently
           discourage
           Debauchery
           ;
           and
           the
           Law
           is
           soon
           dispatcht
           ,
           being
           wholy
           in
           his
           own
           hands
           .
        
         
           Their
           Food
           is
           commonly
           Fish
           ,
           and
           they
           do
           generally
           seem
           to
           like
           it
           ,
           and
           prefer
           it
           to
           Flesh
           ,
           for
           Gusto
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           Cheapness
           .
           For
           here
           they
           study
           not
           the
           Dainties
           of
           Apicius
           ,
           nor
           the
           Roman
           or
           Asiatick
           Luxury
           .
           But
           in
           great
           plenty
           they
           do
           live
           with
           great
           frugality
           .
           Their
           Flesh
           they
           Stew
           ,
           or
           Boil
           ,
           and
           but
           seldom
           Roast
           .
           For
           their
           Fewel
           being
           Turf
           ,
           they
           cannot
           so
           Conveniently
           ,
           or
           so
           Well
           Roast
           ,
           as
           we
           do
           with
           our
           Coals
           and
           Wood.
           Their
           Beer
           and
           Moll
           ,
           that
           are
           publickly
           sold
           ,
           are
           wholsome
           ,
           cool
           ,
           and
           good
           ,
           and
           fail
           not
           to
           quench
           the
           Thirst
           ;
           whereas
           the
           Liqours
           we
           commonly
           meet
           with
           here
           in
           our
           Inns
           ,
           and
           our
           
             London
             Brewing
          
           for
           sale
           ,
           is
           unhappily
           become
           such
           a
           Mystery
           ,
           that
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           it
           will
           rather
           increase
           than
           quench
           the
           thirst
           .
           Their
           
             Nimmeguen
             Moll
          
           ,
           that
           is
           so
           plentifully
           transported
           about
           Holland
           ,
           is
           a
           sort
           of
           Oat-Ale
           ,
           much
           celebrated
           by
           them
           for
           its
           sanative
           vartues
           ,
           like
           their
           
             Fresh
             Herring
          
           in
           Summer
           .
           'T
           is
           a
           welltastd
           ,
           mild
           ,
           and
           wholsome
           Ale
           ,
           And
           't
           is
           hoped
           ,
           that
           our
           Parliament
           ,
           when
           the
           have
           leasure
           to
           consider
           it
           ,
           will
           take
           some
           care
           of
           the
           wholsomness
           of
           our
           
             London
             Brewing
          
           ,
           both
           by
           Brewers
           and
           Vintners
           ,
           since
           our
           Health
           does
           depend
           as
           much
           (
           if
           not
           more
           )
           upon
           the
           goodness
           
           of
           the
           Liquors
           we
           drink
           ,
           as
           it
           does
           upon
           the
           Food
           we
           eat
           ;
           since
           our
           Table-Beer
           that
           is
           well
           Brew'd
           ,
           is
           both
           a
           wholsome
           ,
           and
           Pleasant
           Drink
           :
           And
           lastly
           ,
           since
           we
           are
           come
           to
           that
           Skill
           ,
           or
           Persfection
           now-a-days
           ,
           that
           we
           an
           make
           Wine
           without
           
             Grapes
             ,
             Cyder
          
           without
           Apples
           ,
           and
           Beer
           without
           Malt.
           
        
         
           The
           Wine
           they
           drink
           is
           either
           a
           sweet
           ,
           and
           to
           us
           nauseous
           White-wine
           ,
           which
           they
           call
           
             French
             Wine
          
           ,
           but
           generally
           such
           a
           White-wine
           ,
           as
           I
           cannot
           remember
           to
           have
           tasted
           in
           France
           ;
           or
           else
           Rhenish
           and
           
             Old
             Hock
          
           .
           The
           Rhenish
           they
           are
           well
           known
           to
           make
           ,
           or
           to
           store
           up
           plentifully
           ,
           at
           Dort
           ;
           and
           the
           Hock
           they
           have
           sometimes
           most
           excellent
           in
           its
           kind
           .
           For
           it
           cannot
           be
           supposed
           ,
           that
           after
           so
           long
           a
           War
           on
           the
           Rhine
           ,
           they
           can
           have
           that
           abundance
           of
           
             those
             Wines
          
           in
           reality
           ,
           as
           when
           the
           
             Great
             Tun
          
           of
           Heydleburgh
           ,
           and
           other
           Magazines
           were
           in
           being
           ,
           and
           the
           Vineyards
           not
           destroyed
           by
           the
           
             Fate
             of
             War.
          
           They
           have
           also
           common
           enough
           ,
           a
           sort
           of
           Sack
           ,
           or
           
             Spanish
             Wine
          
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           as
           different
           from
           our
           Canary
           ,
           as
           Posset-drink
           is
           from
           good
           Table-beer
           .
           Claret
           is
           no
           where
           to
           be
           found
           in
           their
           Publick
           Houses
           ,
           unless
           perhaps
           at
           Rotterdam
           ,
           or
           in
           some
           
             French
             Ordinary
          
           .
           And
           they
           are
           not
           yet
           fallen
           in
           love
           with
           Claret
           ,
           or
           else
           in
           pure
           Civility
           to
           England
           do
           leave
           to
           us
           the
           free
           possession
           of
           a
           whole
           Ocean
           of
           Claret
           ,
           fetcht
           from
           divers
           Countries
           and
           People
           ,
           who
           are
           contented
           to
           drink
           Water
           themselves
           ,
           and
           very
           
             little
             Wine
          
           ,
           that
           we
           may
           have
           enough
           to
           drown
           our selves
           in
           ,
           for
           pleasure
           and
           diversion
           .
           They
           have
           also
           every
           where
           their
           Wormwood-wine
           ,
           which
           is
           commonly
           called
           by
           the
           name
           of
           
             Alsom
             Wine
          
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           English
           for
           sound-sake
           ,
           
             Wholsome
             Wine
          
           ,
           and
           the
           which
           they
           do
           not
           drink
           only
           for
           a
           Whet
           before
           Dinner
           ,
           or
           on
           Physical
           accounts
           ,
           but
           indifferently
           at
           any
           time
           of
           the
           days
           ,
           or
           evening
           .
           It
           is
           made
           of
           the
           
             French
             Wine
          
           before
           mentioned
           ,
           and
           by
           its
           Bitterness
           does
           take
           off
           that
           lusciousness
           ,
           or
           nauseous
           taste
           to
           Strangers
           .
        
         
         
           This
           Country
           being
           Cold
           and
           Moist
           ,
           their
           Food
           commonly
           Fish
           ,
           their
           Moll
           very
           cool
           that
           they
           so
           much
           drink
           of
           ,
           and
           their
           usual
           Wine
           Rhenish
           or
           Hock
           ,
           their
           Temper
           casily
           chills
           ,
           and
           grows
           tender
           .
           Insomuch
           ,
           that
           they
           do
           as
           naturally
           fall
           into
           Agues
           ,
           or
           else
           into
           
             Putrid
             Fevers
          
           ,
           as
           we
           do
           into
           Inflammatory
           Distempers
           ,
           or
           into
           the
           most
           Violent
           and
           
             Malignant
             Fevers
          
           ,
           the
           effects
           of
           our
           Luxurious
           Living
           ,
           and
           over-high
           Feeding
           .
           And
           although
           they
           have
           many
           Learned
           and
           Good
           Physicians
           among
           them
           ,
           yer
           I
           know
           not
           how
           it
           happens
           ,
           that
           
             their
             Agues
          
           are
           not
           very
           easily
           ,
           or
           very
           soon
           Cured
           .
           Many
           Months
           are
           usually
           spent
           in
           such
           Cures
           ,
           and
           the
           Agues
           very
           often
           first
           or
           last
           do
           turn
           into
           
             Continued
             Fevers
          
           ,
           or
           from
           a
           Safe
           into
           a
           Dangerous
           State.
           For
           it
           happens
           that
           the
           use
           of
           the
           
             Jesuit's
             Bark
          
           is
           too
           much
           suspected
           among
           them
           ,
           and
           deserves
           not
           to
           be
           tried
           ,
           until
           all
           other
           ways
           have
           been
           long
           tried
           in
           vain
           .
           And
           this
           I
           observed
           at
           a
           time
           ,
           when
           there
           was
           never
           a
           more
           general
           occasion
           of
           using
           the
           Bark
           ,
           and
           when
           the
           use
           of
           it
           was
           never
           more
           proper
           or
           effectual
           ;
           I
           mean
           ,
           in
           the
           
             two
             first
             Campaigns
          
           that
           I
           had
           the
           Honour
           to
           wait
           upon
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           being
           the
           Years
           1693
           ,
           and
           1694.
           
           Agues
           were
           at
           that
           time
           very
           Epidemical
           ;
           and
           the
           
             Continued
             Fevers
          
           had
           such
           remarkable
           Remissions
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           Cured
           with
           as
           much
           Certainty
           ,
           if
           not
           Speed
           too
           ,
           by
           the
           Bark
           ,
           as
           the
           Agues
           theselves
           ,
           provided
           that
           proper
           Evacuations
           did
           precede
           its
           exhibition
           .
           And
           I
           have
           reason
           to
           say
           
             with
             Speed
          
           ;
           for
           I
           was
           then
           seldom
           obliged
           to
           make
           above
           three
           or
           four
           Visits
           ,
           even
           in
           those
           Fevers
           .
           And
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           Bark's
           so
           well
           agreeing
           with
           the
           Fevers
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Agues
           ,
           I
           made
           use
           of
           as
           many
           Pounds
           of
           the
           Bark
           in
           either
           of
           those
           two
           Years
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           since
           done
           Ounces
           in
           any
           subsequent
           Campaign
           ,
           or
           Summer
           ;
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           Fevers
           being
           since
           quite
           altered
           ,
           and
           therefore
           requiring
           a
           different
           Method
           of
           Cure.
           
        
         
         
           And
           as
           for
           the
           common
           practice
           of
           the
           
             Netherland
             Physicians
          
           ,
           in
           not
           using
           the
           Bark
           for
           the
           Cure
           of
           Agues
           ,
           I
           am
           apt
           to
           believe
           ,
           that
           it
           may
           have
           proceeded
           from
           a
           fear
           of
           Innovation
           in
           Physick
           ,
           by
           a
           New
           Medicine
           of
           that
           importance
           .
           As
           it
           happened
           before
           to
           the
           Learned
           Faculty
           of
           Paris
           ,
           Who
           were
           as
           much
           afraid
           of
           Inovations
           ,
           and
           all
           cried
           out
           ,
           
             Fire
             ,
          
           ,
           when
           
             Spagyrical
             Preparations
          
           came
           first
           into
           use
           .
           For
           prudent
           Persons
           will
           not
           lightly
           relinquish
           an
           Established
           Method
           .
           And
           I
           can
           say
           farther
           in
           their
           behalf
           ,
           that
           some
           few
           among
           them
           do
           begin
           to
           be
           convinced
           ,
           that
           the
           Bark
           does
           not
           deserve
           to
           be
           too
           much
           neglected
           in
           the
           Cure
           of
           Agues
           .
           I
           may
           add
           concerning
           it
           ,
           what
           is
           said
           of
           the
           
             Italians
             ,
             When
             they
             are
             Good
             ,
             they
             are
             extraordinary
             Good
             ;
             and
             when
             Bad
             ,
             as
             extraordinary
             Bad
             :
          
           So
           it
           may
           be
           said
           of
           the
           Bark
           ,
           in
           what
           cases
           soever
           it
           is
           properly
           administred
           ,
           no
           medicine
           was
           ever
           known
           to
           have
           such
           great
           and
           good
           effects
           ;
           but
           when
           it
           is
           improperly
           ,
           or
           unseasonably
           given
           ,
           it
           becomes
           one
           of
           the
           most
           Dangerous
           that
           can
           be
           used
           .
           And
           therefore
           those
           who
           shall
           think
           fit
           to
           use
           this
           Bark
           in
           hazadous
           or
           difficult
           Cases
           ,
           or
           in
           Asthmatick
           Persons
           ,
           must
           be
           sure
           to
           have
           a
           very
           watchful
           eye
           over
           it
           ,
           to
           observe
           whither
           it
           agrees
           ,
           or
           disagrees
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           to
           prosecute
           ,
           or
           quickly
           desist
           from
           its
           use
           .
        
         
           But
           it
           may
           be
           Objected
           ,
           That
           Agues
           are
           in
           some
           Countries
           more
           Dangerous
           in
           their
           nature
           ,
           and
           Difficult
           of
           Cure
           ,
           than
           they
           are
           in
           others
           ;
           as
           they
           are
           said
           to
           be
           with
           us
           ,
           in
           the
           Hundreds
           of
           Essex
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Isle
           of
           Sheppey
           .
           And
           therefore
           that
           the
           Dutch
           may
           have
           good
           reason
           for
           neglecting
           ,
           or
           deferring
           ,
           as
           they
           do
           ,
           to
           Cure
           their
           Agues
           by
           the
           use
           of
           the
           Cortex
           ,
           or
           Bark
           ;
           and
           which
           possibly
           they
           do
           think
           will
           not
           agree
           so
           well
           with
           
             their
             Agues
          
           ,
           or
           
             their
             Tempers
          
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           found
           to
           do
           with
           ours
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           I
           Answer
           ,
           That
           when
           I
           was
           abroad
           ,
           I
           never
           observed
           one
           single
           Person
           ,
           either
           at
           Loo
           ,
           or
           in
           the
           
           Field
           ,
           who
           miss'd
           a
           Cure
           of
           his
           Ague
           by
           the
           use
           of
           the
           Bark
           ,
           or
           who
           had
           any
           Relapse
           afterwards
           ,
           that
           throughly
           followed
           my
           Directions
           ,
           both
           before
           ,
           and
           after
           he
           had
           lost
           his
           Fits.
           And
           in
           that
           Success
           ,
           I
           do
           think
           my self
           very
           much
           obliged
           to
           the
           Worthy
           Mr.
           Rottermond
           ,
           Apothecary
           to
           His
           
             Majesty's
             Person
          
           ,
           for
           his
           so
           good
           choice
           of
           the
           Bark
           I
           used
           ,
           and
           who
           is
           perfectly
           skilful
           in
           the
           knowledge
           of
           Simples
           ,
           and
           in
           all
           the
           parts
           of
           Pharmacy
           .
           Indeed
           some
           of
           His
           Majesty's
           inferior
           Servants
           had
           Relapses
           through
           their
           own
           neglect
           and
           folly
           ,
           because
           they
           would
           needs
           think
           themselves
           well
           before
           I
           did
           ,
           and
           so
           soon
           as
           they
           had
           miss'd
           the
           Fitt
           Returned
           ;
           and
           this
           would
           sometimes
           happen
           more
           than
           once
           unto
           the
           same
           Person
           .
        
         
           And
           however
           the
           Bark
           has
           been
           sometimes
           censured
           ,
           as
           if
           the
           Cures
           by
           it
           were
           more
           subject
           to
           Relapses
           than
           by
           other
           Methods
           ;
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           I
           am
           fully
           persuaded
           ,
           that
           the
           Cures
           of
           Agues
           by
           
             Vomits
             ,
             Seasonable
             Purges
          
           ,
           by
           
             Cordials
             acidulated
          
           ,
           or
           by
           Amulets
           ,
           or
           
             Domestick
             Applications
          
           alone
           ,
           are
           all
           more
           subject
           to
           Relapses
           ,
           than
           those
           by
           the
           Bark
           ,
           if
           this
           be
           prudently
           administred
           .
           To
           confirm
           which
           Opinion
           ,
           I
           may
           add
           ,
           That
           those
           who
           recover
           by
           the
           Bark
           ,
           look
           florid
           and
           vigorous
           ,
           grow
           quickly
           athletick
           and
           strong
           ,
           and
           eat
           and
           digest
           well
           ;
           whereas
           those
           who
           miss
           their
           Fitts
           by
           other
           means
           ,
           look
           pale
           and
           weakly
           some
           time
           after
           ,
           and
           their
           natural
           functions
           do
           return
           more
           slowly
           ,
           and
           by
           degrees
           ,
           to
           their
           former
           strength
           and
           vigor
           .
        
         
           As
           for
           
             our
             Agues
          
           ,
           in
           the
           Hundreds
           of
           Essex
           ,
           the
           Cure
           by
           the
           Bark
           does
           certainly
           agree
           with
           them
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           with
           those
           in
           other
           places
           .
           And
           it
           was
           to
           this
           very
           place
           ,
           that
           our
           once
           famous
           Sir
           
             Robert
             Talbor
          
           had
           his
           recourse
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           the
           first
           establishing
           his
           Method
           of
           giving
           such
           repeated
           Doses
           of
           the
           Bark
           .
        
         
         
           I
           do
           apprehend
           an
           Ague
           to
           be
           but
           a
           weak
           and
           slight
           Attack
           of
           a
           Fever
           ,
           or
           to
           be
           an
           
             imperfect
             Fever
          
           ,
           or
           it
           may
           be
           said
           to
           be
           a
           
             Fever
             by
             halfs
          
           .
           Either
           the
           Enemy
           that
           makes
           the
           Assault
           is
           weak
           and
           feeble
           ,
           or
           the
           Fort
           that
           Nature
           defends
           ,
           is
           Strong
           ,
           and
           well
           prepared
           to
           make
           Resistance
           .
           Either
           the
           Body
           is
           not
           sufficiently
           predisposed
           for
           such
           a
           Combustion
           as
           the
           
             Continued
             Fever
          
           does
           occasion
           ,
           or
           the
           Pores
           are
           then
           but
           
             little
             Obstructed
          
           ;
           and
           therefore
           after
           the
           two
           first
           proper
           Symptoms
           of
           a
           Fever
           ,
           the
           Coldness
           or
           Shivering
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Burning
             Heat
          
           ,
           have
           a-while
           exerted
           themselves
           ,
           there
           is
           alwasy
           in
           an
           Ague
           a
           sudden
           succession
           of
           a
           Profuse
           Sweat
           ,
           which
           terminates
           the
           Fit.
           For
           when
           the
           Burning
           still
           remains
           ,
           and
           no
           Sweat
           succeeds
           ,
           the
           
             Fever
             Continues
          
           of
           course
           ,
           and
           undergoes
           another
           denomination
           .
        
         
           The
           one
           may
           be
           said
           to
           make
           its
           Impression
           more
           Outwardly
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           Pores
           ;
           the
           other
           not
           only
           so
           ,
           but
           also
           more
           Inwardly
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           Vitals
           .
           The
           one
           falls
           chiefly
           upon
           the
           Outworks
           ,
           or
           upon
           the
           Counterscarp
           ,
           the
           other
           makes
           a
           breach
           in
           a
           Bastions
           ,
           or
           in
           the
           Courtine
           .
           The
           Attack
           of
           the
           one
           is
           not
           in
           it self
           hazardous
           ,
           or
           dangerous
           to
           the
           state
           of
           the
           Body
           ;
           the
           Attack
           of
           the
           other
           is
           like
           a
           
             General
             Assault
          
           ,
           and
           proves
           of
           a
           Critical
           nature
           ,
           or
           determines
           the
           fate
           of
           Life
           and
           Death
           .
           And
           this
           is
           a
           more
           easy
           ,
           and
           natural
           ,
           and
           a
           more
           intelligible
           explication
           of
           the
           General
           Difference
           between
           Fevers
           and
           Agues
           ,
           than
           other
           Accounts
           of
           them
           ,
           that
           are
           more
           Obscure
           and
           Intricate
           ,
           more
           Philosophical
           ,
           or
           artificially
           wrought
           into
           some
           Ingenious
           Hypothesis
           .
        
         
           I
           have
           Observed
           ,
           that
           in
           Seasons
           or
           Times
           when
           Agues
           are
           very
           Epidemical
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           in
           Countries
           where
           they
           are
           very
           common
           and
           frequent
           ,
           the
           
             Continued
             Fevers
          
           are
           usually
           of
           the
           same
           nature
           and
           progeny
           ,
           and
           do
           generally
           require
           a
           like
           Method
           of
           Cure
           ,
           and
           are
           actually
           Cured
           by
           a
           prudent
           use
           of
           the
           Conrtex
           ,
           as
           
             Intermittent
             Fevers
          
           ,
           or
           
           Agues
           are
           .
           Only
           in
           the
           former
           we
           must
           always
           remember
           ,
           as
           we
           must
           also
           sometimes
           in
           the
           latter
           ,
           to
           take
           care
           that
           we
           use
           sufficient
           proper
           Evacuations
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           bring
           the
           small
           Remission
           that
           they
           then
           commonly
           have
           ,
           to
           some
           Intermission
           ,
           if
           it
           can
           be
           obtained
           ,
           before
           we
           presume
           to
           give
           the
           Bark
           .
           And
           then
           we
           may
           as
           safely
           and
           effecttually
           make
           use
           of
           the
           Bark
           in
           the
           first
           ,
           as
           we
           do
           without
           difficulty
           in
           the
           other
           .
           I
           hope
           the
           Reader
           will
           excuse
           this
           Digression
           ,
           because
           ,
           with
           respect
           to
           my
           Faculty
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           matter
           of
           note
           and
           illustration
           to
           some
           ,
           if
           not
           of
           use
           and
           benefit
           also
           to
           the
           Publick
           .
        
         
           The
           Diet
           and
           Air
           of
           the
           Dutch
           do
           much
           contribute
           to
           their
           growing
           so
           plump
           ,
           and
           fat
           ;
           and
           that
           may
           be
           one
           reason
           ,
           why
           they
           Bleed
           so
           sparingly
           ,
           and
           seldom
           as
           they
           do
           .
           For
           when
           they
           do
           think
           fit
           to
           Bleed
           ,
           they
           will
           seldom
           or
           never
           take
           away
           more
           Blood
           from
           a
           Man
           or
           Woman
           ,
           than
           we
           do
           from
           an
           Infant
           of
           a
           Year
           old
           .
           How
           they
           came
           to
           fall
           into
           such
           an
           Extremity
           of
           
             Bleeding
             little
          
           ,
           I
           cannot
           well
           comprehend
           ,
           considering
           how
           profusely
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           the
           more
           Southern
           Nations
           ,
           do
           use
           Venesection
           upon
           most
           occasions
           .
           Nor
           are
           the
           Dutch
           the
           most
           abstemious
           from
           Wine
           and
           Brandy
           ,
           which
           will
           be
           apt
           to
           heat
           and
           inflame
           the
           Blood
           ,
           and
           consequently
           upon
           excess
           sometimes
           cause
           Diseases
           that
           properly
           require
           
             large
             Bleedings
          
           ;
           neither
           am
           I
           ignorant
           that
           their
           Physicians
           are
           very
           
             Learned
             Men
          
           ,
           and
           must
           read
           those
           Excellent
           Books
           of
           Galen
           ,
           concerning
           Venesection
           .
        
         
           Coughs
           ,
           that
           are
           so
           common
           with
           us
           ,
           are
           very
           seldom
           known
           among
           the
           Dutch
           ;
           insomuch
           that
           in
           the
           Autumn
           ,
           when
           we
           are
           deafning
           one
           another
           with
           
             Continual
             Coughing
          
           ,
           you
           may
           go
           into
           a
           Church
           there
           ,
           and
           not
           hear
           a
           single
           person
           Cough
           .
           And
           for
           this
           reason
           I
           am
           induced
           to
           think
           ,
           when
           an
           Inflammation
           there
           falls
           upon
           the
           Lungs
           ,
           and
           causes
           a
           
             violent
             Cough
          
           ,
           they
           cannot
           so
           well
           deal
           with
           such
           a
           strange
           and
           
             foreign
             Disease
          
           ,
           as
           
           those
           who
           have
           less
           apprehensions
           of
           
             Bleeding
             plentifully
          
           when
           there
           is
           occasion
           .
        
         
           I
           have
           been
           ask'd
           sometimes
           the
           reason
           ,
           why
           Holland
           has
           so
           few
           ,
           or
           
             No
             Coughs
          
           ,
           and
           England
           so
           many
           .
           The
           True
           Reason
           I
           conceive
           to
           be
           this
           :
           Holland
           has
           as
           great
           a
           scarcity
           of
           Minerals
           ,
           as
           of
           Corn
           ,
           of
           its
           native
           growth
           .
           England
           does
           abound
           with
           Minerals
           of
           divers
           Kinds
           ,
           that
           are
           very
           offensive
           to
           the
           Lungs
           ;
           howsoever
           Chymists
           may
           commend
           the
           Preparations
           from
           them
           ,
           for
           other
           Physical
           uses
           .
           And
           our
           Air
           does
           abound
           with
           
             Mineral
             Effluviums
          
           ,
           and
           much
           of
           our
           water
           with
           
             Mineral
             Impregnations
          
           .
           This
           is
           also
           the
           reason
           ,
           why
           the
           Isle
           of
           Sheppey
           ,
           otherwise
           a
           Rich
           Country
           ,
           is
           so
           unwholsome
           to
           live
           in
           .
           And
           this
           is
           the
           reason
           ,
           why
           the
           Waters
           of
           the
           Danube
           ,
           and
           others
           Rivers
           in
           Hungary
           are
           so
           unhealthful
           to
           drink
           of
           .
           For
           it
           was
           well
           said
           of
           Plmy
           ,
           the
           Great
           Naturalist
           :
           
             Tales
             sunt
             Aquae
             ,
             quales
             Terroe
             per
             quas
             sluunt
             .
          
        
         
           I
           cannot
           omit
           to
           take
           some
           notice
           of
           the
           
             good
             Provision
          
           they
           do
           make
           for
           their
           Poor
           ,
           whereby
           they
           are
           not
           pester'd
           or
           molested
           in
           their
           Streets
           ,
           in
           their
           Shops
           ,
           in
           their
           Coaches
           ,
           with
           any
           crowd
           of
           Beggars
           ,
           which
           would
           serve
           to
           divert
           their
           Chavity
           from
           proper
           and
           good
           Objects
           ;
           I
           mean
           poor
           Labourers
           ,
           or
           Housekeepers
           ,
           who
           take
           much
           pains
           ,
           to
           the
           getting
           little
           ,
           towards
           a
           sorry
           maintenance
           of
           a
           great
           many
           Children
           ;
           or
           such
           who
           through
           Infirmities
           ,
           or
           Accidents
           ,
           are
           disabled
           from
           getting
           any
           thing
           at
           all
           ,
           and
           are
           above
           the
           Trade
           of
           Begging
           .
           If
           the
           Poor
           there
           cannot
           work
           ,
           or
           do
           want
           work
           ,
           there
           is
           provision
           made
           for
           them
           both
           .
           The
           Magistrate
           ,
           or
           Officers
           ,
           do
           not
           think
           it
           any
           trouble
           to
           them
           ,
           to
           go
           sometimes
           from
           House
           to
           House
           ,
           to
           enquire
           privately
           into
           their
           Condition
           ,
           to
           observe
           what
           Children
           they
           have
           ,
           and
           to
           understand
           what
           they
           can
           ,
           or
           cannot
           do
           ,
           towards
           their
           Maintenance
           .
           And
           accordingly
           ,
           both
           the
           known
           ,
           and
           
             unknown
             Poor
          
           ,
           who
           are
           ashamed
           to
           ask
           for
           what
           they
           want
           ,
           are
           supplied
           by
           the
           Publick
           from
           time
           to
           time
           .
        
         
           In
           their
           Churches
           they
           do
           never
           assemble
           to
           serve
           God
           ,
           but
           they
           manifest
           their
           Love
           to
           their
           Neighbour
           .
           There
           is
           always
           a
           Bag
           transmitted
           to
           every
           person
           ,
           with
           the
           notice
           of
           a
           little
           Bell
           ;
           and
           I
           am
           told
           ,
           that
           there
           's
           hardly
           one
           single
           Person
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           mean
           or
           little
           ,
           that
           comes
           to
           Church
           ,
           but
           does
           drop
           some
           Mite
           ,
           or
           Doit
           ,
           into
           the
           
             Poor's
             Bag
          
           ,
           every
           time
           he
           comes
           .
           And
           whatsoever
           is
           so
           Collected
           ,
           or
           upon
           other
           Occasions
           ,
           for
           the
           Poor
           ,
           does
           not
           serve
           
           to
           fatten
           ,
           and
           make
           merry
           ,
           the
           Petty
           Officers
           ,
           but
           is
           faichfully
           accounted
           for
           ,
           and
           expended
           duly
           to
           its
           proper
           uses
           .
        
         
           The
           Apparel
           of
           the
           Dutch
           is
           grave
           ,
           and
           free
           from
           levith
           .
           The
           men
           do
           put
           on
           Black
           on
           Sundays
           ,
           and
           other
           high
           days
           ;
           and
           at
           other
           times
           dark
           Colours
           .
           And
           this
           is
           the
           mode
           of
           all
           Citizens
           ,
           and
           many
           others
           ,
           even
           fo
           the
           Boors
           ,
           not
           only
           in
           the
           
             Seven
             Provinces
          
           ,
           but
           in
           Brabant
           ,
           and
           Flanders
           .
           Nevertheless
           ,
           their
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           ,
           both
           Men
           and
           Women
           ,
           do
           dress
           as
           fine
           ,
           and
           modishly
           ,
           as
           we
           our selves
           ,
           or
           others
           ,
           that
           cannot
           for
           all
           the
           world
           help
           imitating
           of
           Apeing
           the
           French.
           
        
         
           Indeed
           I
           must
           say
           ,
           we
           in
           England
           are
           not
           in
           such
           mighty
           hast
           for
           
             New
             Fashions
          
           ,
           but
           that
           we
           can
           make
           a
           shift
           to
           stay
           until
           our
           Taylors
           do
           supply
           us
           ,
           and
           make
           us
           happy
           with
           Modes
           from
           Frances
           ,
           by
           their
           taking
           a
           Journey
           on
           purpose
           to
           Paris
           in
           vacation-time
           .
           But
           some
           of
           the
           Princes
           of
           Germany
           are
           more
           careful
           to
           be
           
             à
             la
             mode
             de
             France
          
           as
           early
           as
           may
           be
           ;
           for
           they
           have
           the
           Fashions
           brought
           to
           them
           some
           hundred
           Leagues
           in
           Post-haste
           ;
           and
           ,
           before
           the
           War
           ,
           did
           use
           to
           keep
           Couriers
           at
           Paris
           ready
           ,
           to
           bring
           them
           quickly
           matters
           of
           such
           great
           moment
           ,
           upon
           the
           
             first
             Invention
          
           of
           a
           
             New
             Mode
          
           .
           As
           if
           Peace
           and
           War
           ,
           or
           a
           sudden
           irruption
           on
           a
           Neighbour-State
           ,
           could
           not
           be
           of
           greater
           concern
           ,
           than
           a
           new-cut
           Feather
           in
           the
           Cap
           ,
           or
           some
           surprizing
           Masterpiece
           of
           Gayety
           .
        
         
           And
           thus
           I
           have
           but
           gently
           toucht
           upon
           some
           of
           the
           Customs
           ,
           and
           some
           part
           of
           the
           Good
           Government
           of
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           which
           though
           in
           so
           near
           a
           Neighbour-State
           ,
           they
           cannot
           but
           be
           well
           known
           to
           many
           of
           our
           
             better
             sort
          
           ,
           who
           are
           perfectly
           well
           acquainted
           with
           this
           part
           of
           the
           Word
           ,
           and
           much
           better
           than
           they
           can
           be
           informed
           by
           me
           ;
           yet
           I
           thought
           even
           the
           mentioning
           these
           things
           would
           not
           be
           unacceptable
           to
           some
           others
           ,
           who
           have
           never
           been
           abroad
           .
           For
           it
           I
           should
           undertake
           the
           Relation
           at
           large
           of
           only
           the
           Curiosities
           of
           Amsterdam
           it self
           ,
           or
           should
           particularly
           speak
           of
           the
           Keyser-Grafs
           ,
           the
           Princes-Graft
           ,
           and
           the
           Heer-Graft
           ,
           three
           spacious
           Streets
           that
           do
           almst
           incircle
           the
           whole
           City
           ,
           and
           three
           Streets
           that
           contain
           more
           Sumptuous
           Houses
           ,
           all
           of
           Stone
           ,
           throughout
           their
           long
           circuit
           ,
           than
           can
           be
           well
           imagined
           by
           those
           who
           have
           not
           seen
           them
           ;
           or
           if
           I
           should
           treat
           of
           the
           Pleasant
           and
           Magnisicent
           Gardens
           of
           Sorgvliet
           ,
           within
           a
           Mile
           of
           the
           Hague
           ,
           given
           some
           years
           since
           by
           His
           Majesty
           to
           the
           Right
           Honourable
           the
           Earl
           of
           Portland
           ,
           and
           which
           no
           Strangers
           ,
           that
           have
           any
           Curiosity
           ,
           can
           omit
           Seeing
           ;
           they
           are
           so
           Admirable
           and
           Pleasant
           :
           and
           the
           King
           does
           often
           
           retire
           thithes
           to
           Dine
           ,
           whilst
           he
           resides
           at
           the
           Hague
           ;
           or
           lastly
           ,
           if
           I
           should
           describe
           the
           Charming
           Sweetness
           of
           the
           Hague
           ,
           in
           the
           Summer-time
           ,
           the
           Pleasantness
           of
           Leyden
           ,
           or
           enter
           into
           a
           repetition
           of
           what
           others
           have
           done
           with
           applause
           before
           ,
           this
           Account
           would
           soon
           swell
           into
           a
           Volume
           ,
           and
           a
           short
           Memorandum
           into
           a
           
             prolix
             Narration
          
           .
        
         
           To
           Conclude
           ,
           The
           Dutch
           do
           deserve
           great
           Consideration
           and
           Kindness
           from
           us
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           become
           a
           Principal
           Bulwork
           of
           the
           
             Protestant
             Religion
          
           ,
           next
           unto
           England
           ,
           whose
           Church
           is
           without
           dispute
           the
           chiefest
           Honour
           and
           Glory
           of
           the
           Reformation
           ,
           and
           the
           brightest
           Example
           of
           
             True
             Moderation
          
           ,
           between
           the
           gay
           Decorations
           and
           Paintings
           of
           Superstition
           on
           the
           one
           side
           ,
           and
           the
           mean
           and
           homely
           Adrresses
           to
           
             Divine
             Majesty
          
           on
           the
           other
           .
           And
           now
           especially
           the
           Dutch
           may
           lay
           nearer
           claim
           to
           our
           Amity
           ,
           when
           the
           
             Protestant
             Interest
          
           in
           general
           had
           never
           greater
           need
           of
           Bulworks
           and
           Defences
           ;
           when
           not
           only
           France
           does
           manifest
           an
           unparallel'd
           Bigotry
           by
           an
           impolitick
           and
           unchristian
           Rage
           and
           Persecution
           ,
           that
           may
           in
           time
           be
           found
           so
           to
           weaken
           and
           unpeople
           it
           sels
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           a
           
             main
             cause
          
           of
           her
           Declension
           ,
           whatsoever
           glorious
           or
           formidable
           appearance
           she
           may
           make
           for
           the
           present
           ;
           but
           also
           divers
           
             Roman
             Catholick
             Princes
          
           have
           with
           one
           accord
           ,
           and
           with
           an
           unusual
           Sympathy
           ,
           in
           this
           Age
           exerted
           a
           Zeal
           against
           their
           Protestant
           Subjects
           ,
           that
           is
           inconsistent
           with
           their
           own
           
             Temporal
             Interest
          
           ,
           and
           contrary
           to
           the
           Rules
           of
           Humanity
           or
           Prudence
           .
        
         
           And
           't
           is
           certain
           ,
           that
           whenever
           Religion
           comes
           to
           be
           so
           far
           abused
           ,
           as
           to
           lay
           aside
           the
           most
           Essential
           part
           of
           it
           ,
           Churity
           ,
           it
           blinds
           the
           Eyes
           of
           all
           Zealots
           ,
           that
           they
           cannot
           see
           their
           own
           Intorest
           ;
           it
           transports
           and
           turns
           them
           from
           all
           the
           Rules
           of
           Prudence
           and
           Reasons
           ,
           and
           makes
           men
           commit
           the
           most
           fatal
           ,
           and
           extravagant
           Errrors
           ,
           in
           Politicks
           and
           Civil
           Socity
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           worth
           the
           Consideration
           of
           warm
           and
           imprudent
           Princes
           ,
           whose
           indiscreet
           Zeal
           it
           so
           apt
           to
           instigate
           them
           to
           molest
           and
           harass
           their
           Subjects
           for
           the
           sake
           of
           what
           Honest
           and
           Pious
           men
           cannot
           sometimes
           help
           ,
           I
           mean
           ,
           difference
           in
           Religious
           Sentiments
           ,
           what
           happened
           to
           the
           Observation
           of
           Charles
           the
           Fifth
           ,
           after
           he
           had
           Resigned
           the
           Empire
           to
           his
           Brother
           Ferdimand
           ,
           and
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Spain
           to
           his
           Son
           Philip
           the
           Second
           .
           This
           Warlike
           and
           Great
           Prince
           ,
           after
           he
           was
           grown
           weary
           of
           the
           Pomp
           and
           Glories
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           had
           made
           his
           Retreat
           into
           a
           Monastery
           ,
           had
           abundance
           of
           Clocks
           broght
           him
           thither
           by
           the
           best
           Artists
           
           he
           could
           hear
           of
           ;
           and
           his
           desire
           was
           to
           make
           all
           his
           Clocks
           strike
           together
           at
           the
           same
           Hour
           .
           When
           he
           had
           long
           tried
           this
           Attempt
           in
           vain
           ,
           he
           brake
           out
           into
           this
           poius
           Exclamation
           :
           
             How
             vain
             and
             foolish
             is
             it
             for
             Princes
             to
             endeavour
             to
             make
             all
             their
             Subjects
             to
             be
             of
             one
             mind
             ,
             when
             no
             Art
             is
             able
             to
             make
             a
             few
             Clocks
             strike
             together
             at
             the
             same
             time
             !
          
        
         
           And
           therefore
           ,
           since
           now
           no
           former
           Alliances
           ,
           no
           common
           Interest
           ,
           no
           remenbrance
           of
           Benefits
           lately
           received
           ,
           no
           Obligations
           ,
           how
           great
           soever
           ,
           can
           possibly
           restrain
           
             Roman
             Catholick
          
           Potentates
           from
           trampling
           their
           own
           Subjects
           under
           their
           feet
           ,
           meerly
           for
           thinking
           otherwise
           than
           they
           do
           in
           matters
           of
           Supperstition
           ,
           and
           from
           attemptng
           to
           Convert
           them
           by
           the
           powerful
           mission
           of
           irresistible
           Dragoons
           ,
           and
           by
           more
           refined
           Methods
           than
           were
           heretofore
           practised
           in
           the
           Ten
           dull
           Pagan
           Persecutions
           ;
           most
           certainly
           at
           
             Hearty
             Union
          
           ,
           and
           Strict
           Alliance
           ,
           and
           Freindship
           ,
           between
           England
           and
           Holland
           was
           never
           more
           absolutely
           necessary
           than
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           for
           the
           Good
           and
           Prosperity
           ,
           shall
           I
           say
           ,
           or
           for
           the
           Preservation
           and
           mutual
           Defence
           of
           
             both
             Nations
          
           ,
           and
           also
           for
           the
           maintenance
           and
           support
           of
           the
           
             Protestant
             Interest
          
           throughout
           Europe
           .
           Whilst
           We
           stand
           firm
           ,
           and
           strictly
           United
           with
           Holland
           ,
           we
           shall
           have
           no
           need
           to
           fear
           the
           Power
           or
           Attempts
           of
           
             any
             Common
             Enemy
          
           ;
           our
           Trane
           can
           never
           suffter
           in
           any
           great
           degree
           ,
           and
           our
           Riches
           will
           supply
           to
           us
           such
           Smews
           of
           War
           ,
           such
           an
           inexhaustible
           Magazine
           of
           
             Military
             Force
          
           ,
           as
           will
           defeat
           and
           overcome
           those
           Princes
           or
           Monarchs
           ,
           whose
           Ambition
           will
           never
           suffer
           them
           to
           be
           quiet
           ,
           but
           whilst
           they
           are
           disturbing
           the
           Peace
           of
           their
           Neighbours
           ,
           or
           who
           will
           needs
           be
           aiming
           at
           Impossibilities
           ,
           the
           
             Philosopher's
             Stone
          
           ,
           or
           
             Universal
             Monarchy
          
           .
        
         
           FINIS