To the honnorable the Commons of the realme of England, assembled in Parliament Explanation. Concerning certaine expedients by vvhich the state of England may reape notable advantage. Baltazar Gerbier knight.
         Gerbier, Balthazar, Sir, 1592?-1667.
      
       
         This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A42642 of text R219866 in the  English Short Title Catalog (Wing G578). Textual changes  and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more  computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life.  The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with  MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish.  This text has not been fully proofread 
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         ESTC R219866
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             To the honnorable the Commons of the realme of England, assembled in Parliament Explanation. Concerning certaine expedients by vvhich the state of England may reape notable advantage. Baltazar Gerbier knight.
             Gerbier, Balthazar, Sir, 1592?-1667.
          
           [12] p.
           
             s.n.],
             [London? :
             M.DC.XLVI. [1646]
          
           
             Place of publication conjectured by the cataloguer.
             Signatures: A C² .
             Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Great Britain. -- Parliament -- History -- Early works to 1800.
           Money supply -- Great Britain -- Early works to 1800.
           Taxation -- England -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
       A42642  R219866  (Wing G578).  civilwar no To the honnorable the Commons of the realme of England, assembled in Parliament. Explanation. Concerning certaine expedients by vvhich the s Gerbier, Balthazar, Sir 1646    4003 58 0 0 0 0 0 145 F  The  rate of 145 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the F category of texts with  100 or more defects per 10,000 words. 
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           TO
           THE
           HONNORABLE
           THE
           COMMONS
           OF
           THE
           REALME
           OF
           ENGLAND
           ,
           Assembled
           in
           PARLIAMENT
           .
           EXPLANATION
           .
           Concerning
           certaine
           expedients
           by
           vvhich
           the
           State
           of
           England
           may
           reape
           notable
           advantage
           .
        
         
           BALTAZAR
           GERBIER
           KNIGHT
           .
        
         
           M.
           DC
           .
           XLVI
           .
        
      
    
     
       
       
       
         
           TO
           THE
           HONNORABLE
           The
           Commons
           of
           the
           Realme
           of
           ENGLAND
           assembled
           in
           PARLIAMENT
           .
        
         
           EXPLANATION
           .
           Concerning
           certaine
           expedients
           by
           vvhich
           the
           State
           of
           England
           may
           reape
           notable
           advantages
           .
        
         
           HUMBLY
           SHEVVETH
        
         
           THAT
           the
           State
           may
           get
           a
           present
           Stocke
           of
           TVVO
           HVNDRED
           THOVSAND
           POVNDS
           ,
           and
           a
           yearly
           constant
           revenevv
           of
           THREE
           HVNDRED
           THOVSAND
           POVNDS
           ,
           and
           procure
           to
           the
           people
           notable
           advantages
           and
           suerty
           in
           Estate
           ,
           Vocation
           ,
           Trafic
           and
           Credit
           ;
           by
           the
           speedy
           erecting
           of
           a
           PROTOCOLL
           Office
           ,
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           ,
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           ,
           and
           public
           SAILE
           OFFICES
           ,
           &c.
           
           At
           the
           example
           of
           others
           ,
           vvhere
           they
           have
           beene
           erected
           vvith
           generall
           applause
           .
        
         
           THE
           first
           ,
           (
           vvhich
           is
           the
           Protocoll
           Office
           )
           vvas
           first
           thought
           on
           in
           the
           first
           yeare
           of
           the
           raigne
           of
           King
           Henry
           the
           IV.
           of
           France
           ,
           first
           put
           in
           practise
           in
           Picardie
           and
           Vermandois
           ;
           vvhere
           unconsionnable
           persons
           had
           accustomed
           themselves
           to
           conceale
           Morgages
           ,
           Transactions
           ,
           Douaries
           ,
           and
           other
           Acts
           ;
           vvhich
           by
           all
           Purchassers
           vvere
           deceived
           in
           their
           Bargaines
           ,
           many
           good
           famillies
           and
           peaceable
           persons
           put
           to
           great
           vexations
           ,
           long
           and
           chargeable
           processes
           ,
           vvhich
           did
           often
           prove
           the
           undoing
           of
           honourable
           and
           honest
           Famillies
           ,
           VViddovvs
           and
           Orphans
           besides
           other
           mischievous
           accidents
           .
        
         
           The
           Generall
           States
           of
           the
           united
           Provinces
           did
           at
           that
           good
           example
           establish
           the
           said
           Office
           in
           their
           Iuridictions
           ,
           and
           did
           erect
           the
           same
           in
           the
           most
           sure
           ,
           regular
           ,
           compleat
           method
           ,
           as
           the
           time
           than
           did
           permit
           ;
           did
           since
           by
           the
           continuance
           of
           able
           States
           men
           ,
           reduce
           the
           same
           in
           the
           best
           and
           readiest
           forme
           as
           could
           be
           thought
           on
           ;
           and
           so
           sure
           for
           all
           true
           Proprietaries
           and
           Purchassers
           ,
           as
           it
           proved
           an
           impossibility
           for
           any
           unconssionable
           
           persons
           to
           use
           any
           deceat
           in
           their
           Morgages
           ,
           Transactions
           ,
           Douaries
           ,
           Saile
           or
           Gifts
           ,
           as
           they
           vvere
           vvont
           to
           do
           ,
           by
           concealing
           (
           as
           aforesaid
           )
           their
           deeds
           ,
           and
           by
           passing
           them
           in
           severall
           places
           ,
           and
           by
           unknovvn
           persons
           ;
           Nor
           vvas
           it
           since
           possible
           for
           parties
           to
           be
           overtaken
           by
           any
           error
           ,
           nor
           by
           shortnesse
           of
           time
           ,
           for
           that
           the
           truth
           of
           all
           proprietaries
           rights
           and
           Estates
           in
           possessions
           of
           Lands
           and
           Houses
           vvas
           Knovvn
           at
           an
           instant
           ,
           vvithout
           their
           cost
           ;
           yet
           vvith
           their
           consent
           ,
           othervvayes
           not
           :
           for
           that
           no
           persons
           are
           permitted
           to
           vievv
           the
           Records
           ,
           but
           vvith
           a
           ticket
           subscribed
           by
           the
           Proprietary
           ,
           vvhich
           he
           gives
           to
           the
           party
           that
           is
           minded
           to
           purchasse
           (
           or
           to
           put
           forth
           his
           money
           on
           a
           Morgage
           )
           only
           to
           vievv
           the
           records
           ,
           vvhen
           he
           is
           fully
           agreed
           on
           Conditions
           vvith
           the
           said
           party
           .
        
         
           THE
           Purchasser
           (
           as
           said
           )
           being
           himselfe
           the
           discoverer
           of
           the
           State
           of
           the
           case
           ,
           vvith
           ease
           and
           safety
           freeth
           himselfe
           of
           all
           disputes
           ,
           quarels
           ,
           and
           processes
           :
           VVhich
           discovery
           is
           vvith
           the
           least
           discredit
           possible
           to
           proprietaries
           ;
           vvhen
           it
           vvas
           othervvayes
           by
           the
           recours
           had
           to
           common
           Roules
           ;
           besides
           that
           all
           Acts
           vvere
           but
           confusedly
           (
           as
           in
           a
           Cahos
           )
           put
           into
           the
           said
           Common
           Roules
           ,
           vvhich
           is
           to
           serve
           only
           as
           for
           a
           Iournall
           .
        
         
           The
           Records
           of
           this
           PROTOCOLL
           Office
           (
           vvhich
           is
           a
           particular
           Record
           )
           are
           in
           number
           ansvverable
           to
           the
           Parishes
           in
           the
           City
           and
           Tovvn
           vvherein
           the
           Office
           is
           erected
           .
        
         
           THE
           Records
           are
           great
           Books
           of
           the
           largest
           paper
           ,
           consisting
           of
           300
           leafes
           and
           no
           more
           ,
           to
           shune
           confusion
           ;
           every
           leafe
           bearing
           in
           cheefe
           the
           name
           of
           the
           Proprietary
           of
           Lands
           and
           Houses
           ,
           in
           such
           order
           as
           the
           Houses
           stand
           in
           the
           City
           or
           Tovvn
           .
        
         
           THE
           leafe
           bearing
           the
           right
           vallidity
           ,
           vvorth
           of
           the
           pocession
           ,
           and
           any
           Morgages
           thereon
           ,
           Dovvaries
           ,
           Gifts
           or
           any
           act
           soever
           .
        
         
           THE
           Enroulment
           is
           immediatly
           after
           the
           signing
           and
           sealing
           of
           deeds
           ;
           and
           after
           the
           entring
           of
           such
           acts
           in
           the
           Common
           Roules
           .
        
         
           IF
           any
           Propietary
           ,
           Heire
           ,
           or
           Purchasser
           obmits
           the
           enroullements
           of
           his
           Succession
           ,
           Gift
           ,
           Saile
           ,
           Transport
           ,
           Morgage
           (
           or
           any
           other
           )
           his
           right
           is
           voyde
           ,
           and
           forfaited
           to
           the
           State
           .
        
         
           THIS
           publicke
           security
           is
           a
           bate
           to
           all
           Purchassers
           ,
           and
           to
           all
           persons
           desirous
           to
           put
           forth
           a
           stock
           of
           mony
           ,
           and
           to
           secure
           them
           against
           all
           frauds
           and
           incombrances
           .
        
         
           THE
           Records
           are
           kept
           in
           a
           secure
           place
           from
           fier
           ,
           and
           others
           accidents
           .
        
         
           THEIR
           Keepers
           are
           payed
           by
           yearly
           Stipends
           ,
           proportionnable
           to
           the
           number
           of
           Books
           in
           their
           managing
           .
        
         
         
           THE
           Record
           Keepers
           are
           under
           the
           generall
           Diteory
           of
           an
           eminent
           Officer
           of
           the
           State
           .
        
         
           AT
           the
           first
           erection
           of
           the
           said
           PROTOCOLL
           Office
           ,
           
           all
           men
           vvere
           bound
           to
           proceed
           to
           the
           enroulement
           of
           Acts
           ,
           vvithin
           the
           first
           six
           vveeks
           thereof
           :
           VVhich
           braught
           in
           a
           present
           great
           Stock
           of
           mony
           ,
           proceeding
           from
           the
           rights
           of
           Enroulments
           .
        
         
           THE
           Keepers
           of
           the
           Records
           are
           accountable
           (
           of
           the
           rights
           received
           for
           the
           Enroulments
           of
           Acts
           )
           to
           their
           generall
           Director
           .
        
         
           THE
           said
           rights
           for
           all
           Records
           of
           Deeds
           ,
           Successions
           in
           Dessendent
           Assendent
           or
           Colaterall
           Line
           ,
           Gifts
           ,
           Saile
           ,
           Morgage
           ,
           or
           any
           condition
           soever
           are
           payed
           by
           both
           parties
           .
        
         
           THE
           General
           Director
           is
           accountable
           to
           the
           State
           of
           the
           rights
           received
           for
           the
           said
           enroullements
           .
        
         
           THE
           rights
           are
           in
           Holland
           tvvo
           and
           halfe
           per
           cent
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           humbly
           conceived
           that
           as
           the
           said
           Office
           of
           particular
           PROTOCOL
           or
           Record
           ,
           
           vvould
           prove
           of
           as
           great
           benefit
           to
           the
           Subjects
           ,
           of
           the
           State
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           it
           doth
           to
           the
           Subjects
           of
           other
           States
           ,
           that
           it
           vvould
           be
           of
           particular
           use
           to
           the
           State
           for
           a
           porportionnable
           equallity
           in
           the
           Assessements
           of
           SVBSIDIES
           and
           FIFTHIENS
           .
           
        
         
           THAT
           the
           rights
           of
           Enroulments
           (
           though
           the
           State
           should
           put
           them
           but
           at
           one
           per
           cent
           payed
           betvveen
           the
           tvvo
           parties
           )
           vvould
           produce
           a
           vaste
           stock
           of
           money
           to
           the
           State
           ,
           
           and
           a
           perpetuall
           constant
           revenevv
           ;
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           often
           change
           of
           Proprietaries
           ,
           and
           enroullements
           of
           Acts
           ;
           at
           least
           often
           change
           of
           Proprietaries
           ,
           of
           Houses
           ,
           and
           the
           continuall
           acts
           for
           Morgages
           .
        
         
           VVhich
           present
           stock
           and
           yearly
           revenevv
           as
           it
           vvould
           accrevv
           from
           those
           that
           are
           able
           ,
           so
           vvith
           the
           more
           applause
           ,
           
           that
           as
           aforesaid
           Proprietaries
           and
           Purchassers
           are
           secured
           in
           their
           rights
           and
           Purchasses
           ;
           and
           are
           thereby
           freed
           of
           all
           such
           cost
           and
           incombrances
           as
           they
           othervvayes
           are
           subject
           unto
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           likevvise
           humbly
           conceived
           ,
           that
           the
           State
           can
           augment
           that
           stock
           and
           yearely
           revenevv
           to
           a
           large
           proportion
           by
           erecting
           throughout
           the
           Kingdome
           (
           for
           the
           great
           benefit
           of
           the
           Subject
           )
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           ,
           PVBLIC
           SAILE
           OFFICES
           ,
           and
           A
           BENCH
           OF
           PAYMENT
           :
           VVhich
           is
           demonstrated
           first
           ,
           by
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           ,
           as
           follovveth
           ,
           
             Viz.
             
          
        
         
         
           THE
           erecting
           of
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           
           begun
           some
           tvvo
           hundred
           yeares
           and
           above
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Naples
           ,
           and
           throughout
           all
           Itally
           ;
           and
           at
           their
           example
           vvere
           established
           in
           other
           parts
           of
           most
           trafic
           ,
           to
           serve
           for
           releefe
           of
           all
           Negosiants
           ,
           Tradsmen
           and
           all
           needy
           persons
           ,
           of
           vvhat
           quality
           and
           condition
           soever
           :
           And
           to
           free
           them
           (
           and
           all
           vvell
           gouverned
           States
           )
           of
           the
           most
           pernicious
           practice
           of
           Ievvish
           Benches
           of
           Loane
           ,
           aftervvards
           disguised
           by
           the
           name
           of
           Lombards
           ,
           vvhich
           prouved
           to
           be
           as
           Cancors
           in
           any
           Common-vveal●h
           for
           that
           they
           did
           extort
           of
           the
           needy
           (
           by
           a
           redoublement
           of
           Interest
           upon
           interest
           )
           first
           ,
           three
           score
           &
           above
           in
           the
           hundred
           ,
           for
           the
           bare
           Loane
           ;
           and
           over
           and
           above
           intollerable
           fees
           ,
           for
           enroulment
           ,
           and
           releasement
           of
           goods
           ;
           vvhich
           in
           conclusion
           raised
           to
           such
           a
           hight
           ,
           as
           that
           Proprietaries
           did
           find
           themselves
           at
           last
           deprived
           of
           their
           maine
           stock
           :
           besides
           that
           for
           the
           most
           part
           for
           vvant
           of
           timly
           releassement
           ,
           they
           lost
           their
           goods
           on
           pretence
           of
           forfaiture
           ;
           and
           no
           such
           thing
           in
           practise
           (
           as
           in
           the
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           )
           to
           restore
           to
           the
           Ovvners
           of
           the
           goods
           any
           surplus
           made
           of
           the
           goods
           vvhen
           sold
           .
        
         
           IT
           being
           likevvise
           found
           that
           those
           Ievvish-Lombards
           ,
           did
           export
           all
           the
           vvealth
           they
           had
           gotten
           during
           the
           many
           yeares
           they
           had
           practised
           their
           unconssionnable
           and
           most
           pernicious
           Vsury
           .
        
         
           IT
           mouved
           good
           and
           vvise
           Stats-men
           to
           forbid
           the
           practise
           of
           Lombards
           ,
           and
           to
           banish
           the
           Lombard-keepers
           for
           ever
           :
           Yet
           that
           the
           publick
           might
           be
           supplied
           ,
           they
           settled
           in
           their
           place
           such
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           as
           could
           stand
           vvith
           Conscience
           ,
           and
           could
           bee
           maintained
           by
           the
           undertakers
           :
           Allovved
           them
           to
           take
           the
           ordinary
           use
           according
           to
           Statute
           ,
           and
           for
           satisfying
           the
           Charges
           ;
           as
           for
           House
           Rent
           ,
           Store-Roomes
           ,
           Stipends
           of
           Officiers
           ,
           and
           all
           necessaries
           belonging
           to
           the
           said
           Benches
           .
        
         
           THIS
           Establishement
           being
           found
           most
           Iust
           and
           Fit
           ,
           
           vvas
           recommended
           to
           the
           perpetuall
           Survey
           ,
           and
           Protection
           ,
           of
           tvvo
           eminent
           persons
           of
           Church
           ,
           and
           State
           ,
           and
           hath
           continued
           so
           ever
           since
           ,
           vvithout
           any
           interruption
           ,
           nor
           any
           fault
           found
           in
           the
           Administration
           .
        
         
           Like
           Benches
           of
           LOANE
           have
           been
           establisht
           throughout
           all
           the
           Land
           of
           Liege
           ,
           and
           the
           Iuridictions
           of
           the
           Prince
           Elector
           of
           Collen
           ,
           in
           Lorraine
           ,
           Brabant
           ,
           Flandres
           ,
           Arthois
           ,
           Haynault
           ,
           and
           throughout
           all
           the
           Iuridictions
           of
           the
           generall
           States
           of
           the
           Vnited
           Provinces
           .
        
         
           KING
           HENRY
           the
           IV
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           his
           Son
           King
           Louys
           the
           XIII
           ,
           (
           on
           Remonstrances
           of
           horridde
           abuses
           committed
           in
           that
           Kingdome
           by
           Ievvish
           Brokers
           and
           Lombards
           )
           have
           often
           denounced
           their
           
           pleasure
           by
           Proclamations
           for
           the
           utter
           abolishing
           of
           that
           pernicious
           practice
           ,
           and
           instead
           of
           it
           to
           have
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           establisht
           :
           Yet
           could
           not
           their
           Iust
           and
           Pious
           intention
           take
           effect
           ,
           though
           their
           Edicts
           have
           beene
           enacted
           in
           the
           Parliament
           of
           Paris
           ,
           and
           the
           Chamber
           of
           Edict
           :
           so
           povverfull
           the
           Leagues
           and
           Combinations
           of
           Broakers
           hath
           hetherto
           prouved
           against
           that
           course
           ;
           only
           the
           establishment
           of
           a
           BENCH
           OF
           LOANE
           hath
           overcome
           in
           favour
           of
           all
           Marchants
           of
           VVines
           ,
           
           and
           Fish
           ,
           vvhereby
           the
           ovvners
           receive
           ready
           mony
           from
           the
           said
           Benches
           of
           Loane
           ,
           and
           so
           are
           at
           an
           instant
           dispatcht
           ,
           and
           provided
           vvith
           mony
           to
           further
           their
           affaires
           .
           VVhich
           hath
           been
           the
           maine
           scope
           in
           all
           States
           ,
           by
           the
           erecting
           of
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           ,
           producing
           in
           all
           parts
           the
           readiest
           and
           the
           most
           easiest
           releefe
           to
           all
           needy
           persons
           .
           So
           the
           generall
           strengtning
           ,
           and
           increase
           of
           trading
           ,
           and
           a
           maine
           remeddy
           to
           prevent
           the
           suddaine
           breaking
           of
           many
           good
           and
           honnest
           Marchants
           ;
           
           vvhich
           hath
           beene
           found
           of
           forceable
           experience
           in
           the
           Iuridiction
           of
           the
           generall
           States
           of
           the
           Vnited
           Provinces
           ,
           vvhere
           there
           is
           not
           a
           City
           nor
           Tovvne
           ,
           but
           is
           provided
           vvith
           a
           BENCH
           OF
           LOANE
           ;
           So
           are
           all
           Market-Tovvnes
           ,
           and
           Sea
           Ports
           of
           traffic
           ,
           vvhere
           all
           Marchants
           and
           Tradsmen
           are
           on
           a
           suddaine
           releeued
           vvith
           money
           on
           all
           such
           commodities
           as
           they
           are
           desirous
           to
           have
           ready
           money
           upon
           ,
           or
           such
           commodities
           as
           for
           a
           time
           vvill
           not
           vvell
           yeld
           their
           price
           (
           vvhen
           by
           the
           not
           putting
           them
           off
           they
           vvould
           remaine
           unprovided
           of
           such
           monyes
           as
           they
           need
           to
           satisfie
           Creditors
           and
           Bils
           of
           exchange
           vvhich
           are
           dravven
           on
           them
           ,
           and
           vvhich
           othervvayes
           vvould
           constraine
           them
           to
           breake
           ,
           though
           ,
           they
           have
           their
           Store-Houses
           and
           Shops
           vvell
           stored
           .
           )
           The
           Husband-man
           is
           likevvise
           by
           the
           said
           Benches
           enabled
           to
           keepe
           his
           Plovvgh
           ,
           
           and
           to
           pay
           his
           Land-Lord
           ,
           vvhen
           othervvayes
           for
           vvant
           of
           saile
           of
           a
           full
           quantity
           of
           his
           graines
           (
           on
           fit
           and
           ordinary
           market
           dayes
           )
           he
           is
           often
           constreined
           to
           sell
           his
           Cattell
           ,
           and
           to
           let
           the
           plovving
           and
           mannuring
           of
           his
           Land
           cease
           ;
           vvhich
           to
           prevent
           as
           vvell
           as
           other
           inconveniencies
           incident
           to
           the
           inhabitants
           of
           great
           Cities
           ,
           Tovvns
           ,
           and
           Sea-Ports
           ,
           the
           Magistrats
           have
           been
           so
           carefull
           off
           ,
           
           as
           that
           they
           have
           taken
           to
           their
           particullar
           taske
           ,
           the
           Administration
           of
           divers
           of
           the
           said
           Benches
           ;
           as
           at
           Amsterdam
           ,
           Rotterdam
           ,
           Middelbourgh
           ,
           Flishing
           ,
           and
           at
           other
           Sea-Ports
           ;
           and
           put
           the
           Benches
           of
           the
           other
           Tovvnes
           ,
           and
           Market-Tovvns
           ,
           to
           men
           confided
           by
           the
           State
           ,
           to
           vvhich
           the
           said
           men
           are
           accountable
           ,
           for
           they
           take
           all
           such
           Bench●s
           in
           farme
           .
        
         
           And
           as
           the
           State
           cannot
           be
           defrauded
           of
           its
           rights
           (
           the
           Administration
           
           of
           the
           said
           Benches
           being
           (
           as
           said
           )
           put
           in
           the
           hands
           of
           honest
           able
           men
           so
           the
           State
           puts
           to
           profit
           in
           those
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           (
           kept
           by
           the
           Magistrat
           )
           all
           such
           Stock
           of
           money
           ,
           
           as
           the
           State
           thinkes
           fit
           to
           employ
           .
        
         
           And
           thus
           ,
           
           as
           the
           State
           of
           England
           can
           (
           on
           the
           true
           experience
           of
           the
           generall
           good
           vvhich
           the
           said
           establishment
           of
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           doth
           produce
           in
           other
           parts
           )
           procure
           to
           the
           Subjects
           like
           advantages
           ,
           and
           enable
           them
           the
           more
           to
           contribute
           to
           the
           public
           occasions
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           )
           strenckten
           trading
           in
           all
           parts
           of
           the
           Realme
           ,
           and
           invite
           all
           Forrainers
           to
           come
           to
           the
           Sea-Ports
           vvith
           their
           Marchandise
           (
           since
           by
           the
           ready
           course
           of
           a
           BENCHE
           OF
           LOANE
           ,
           the
           said
           Forrainers
           may
           be
           soone
           dispatch
           ,
           and
           speedily
           provide
           themselves
           vvith
           such
           commodities
           as
           the
           Port
           and
           Countrey
           doth
           afford
           )
           so
           the
           said
           State
           (
           being
           disposed
           to
           put
           a
           Stock
           to
           the
           erecting
           ,
           establishing
           ,
           and
           administring
           of
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           in
           the
           mayne
           Cities
           ,
           and
           Ports
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           ,
           )
           vvill
           make
           an
           incredible
           great
           gaine
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           most
           Iust
           and
           Laudable
           course
           .
        
         
           And
           it
           is
           thus
           understood
           ,
           that
           the
           State
           vvill
           raise
           (
           vvithout
           any
           presure
           of
           the
           Subject
           )
           to
           a
           great
           and
           ample
           proportion
           that
           Stock
           ,
           vvhich
           vvill
           accrevv
           from
           the
           rights
           of
           a
           PROTOCOLL
           OFFICE
           ,
           vvhich
           is
           the
           first
           expedient
           before
           mentionned
           .
        
         
           AND
           if
           the
           State
           should
           thincke
           fit
           to
           employ
           to
           the
           Keeping
           of
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           part
           of
           the
           Stock
           ,
           vvhich
           vvill
           accrevv
           from
           a
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           ,
           and
           likvvise
           of
           that
           of
           the
           rights
           of
           PVBLICK
           SAILLE
           OFFICES
           :
           The
           State
           vvill
           find
           (
           as
           it
           is
           humbly
           conceived
           )
           great
           facility
           therein
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           making
           use
           of
           a
           Stock
           ,
           vvhich
           the
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           vvill
           produce
           is
           grounded
           on
           Equity
           ;
           and
           vvithout
           any
           presure
           at
           all
           to
           the
           Subject
           ,
           VVhich
           is
           demonstrated
           ,
           first
           concerning
           a
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           ,
           as
           follovveth
           ,
           
             Viz.
             
          
        
         
           
           A
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           is
           Kept
           by
           the
           Magistrats
           of
           Tovvns
           (
           as
           so
           it
           is
           requisite
           for
           the
           publick
           security
           )
           at
           the
           example
           of
           the
           BENCHES
           OF
           PAYMENT
           in
           Itally
           and
           in
           
           the
           Nederland
           Provinces
           under
           the
           State
           generall
           ;
           It
           's
           the
           public
           Cash
           of
           all
           Negotiants
           ,
           vvho
           (
           to
           free
           themselves
           of
           the
           continuall
           receite
           ,
           and
           payment
           of
           monyes
           ,
           vvhich
           takes
           so
           much
           of
           their
           time
           as
           proves
           too
           prejudiciall
           in
           their
           affaires
           )
           Keepe
           in
           Banco
           (
           as
           they
           call
           it
           )
           a
           constant
           stock
           ,
           vvithout
           any
           charge
           or
           cost
           to
           them
           ,
           thereon
           to
           make
           their
           Assignations
           ,
           and
           to
           raise
           their
           Credit
           by
           a
           public
           fame
           ,
           of
           the
           considerable
           stock
           by
           them
           Kept
           therein
           .
        
         
           Experience
           manifests
           ,
           that
           in
           the
           said
           Bench
           (
           vvhich
           is
           the
           receptacle
           of
           a
           great
           Tresor
           ,
           )
           remaines
           continually
           a
           vaste
           ussesse
           stock
           of
           monny
           ;
           of
           vvhich
           the
           Aministrators
           of
           the
           Bench
           do
           (
           vvithout
           any
           difficulty
           )
           put
           to
           gaine
           a
           great
           part
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           can
           do
           it
           vvithout
           difficulty
           ,
           experience
           hath
           manifested
           the
           same
           divers
           times
           ,
           that
           though
           they
           put
           forth
           great
           part
           of
           that
           Stock
           vvhich
           layeth
           uslesse
           in
           the
           Cash-yet
           doth
           the
           said
           Cash
           remaine
           so
           vvell
           provided
           ,
           as
           that
           the
           Negotiants
           are
           readdily
           served
           ,
           vvhen
           they
           call
           for
           their
           monny
           :
           This
           hath
           often
           been
           made
           apparent
           ,
           vvhen
           Negotiants
           had
           been
           mis-informed
           by
           ill
           grounded
           brutes
           (
           raised
           by
           malicious
           and
           ignorant
           persons
           )
           concerning
           the
           point
           of
           Trust
           ,
           in
           the
           Administrators
           of
           the
           Bench
           ,
           that
           they
           resolved
           to
           put
           it
           to
           a
           Triall
           ,
           by
           dravving
           at
           one
           time
           ●may
           thousands
           of
           pouns
           out
           of
           the
           Bench
           .
        
         
           For
           instance
           that
           in
           Iully
           1645
           ,
           Negotiants
           did
           dravv
           in
           one
           day
           out
           of
           the
           Bench
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           foure
           hundred
           thousand
           pound
           sterlingh
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           vvere
           immediatly
           after
           as
           prompt
           to
           redouble
           their
           stock
           in
           the
           said
           Bench
           ,
           being
           confirmed
           that
           they
           might
           repose
           on
           its
           infalibility
           ;
           of
           vvhich
           they
           had
           no
           more
           cause
           to
           doubt
           than
           on
           the
           first
           day
           of
           its
           erection
           ,
           vvhich
           vvas
           at
           the
           example
           of
           other
           like
           Benches
           ,
           vvho
           never
           failled
           .
        
         
           And
           so
           it
           is
           certain
           that
           a
           great
           gaine
           is
           made
           by
           putting
           as
           said
           to
           profitable
           use
           ,
           part
           of
           that
           great
           stock
           vvhich
           lyeth
           ussesse
           therein
           :
           vvhich
           vvill
           (
           as
           is
           humbly
           conceived
           )
           prouve
           so
           vvith
           a
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           in
           London
           ,
           in
           case
           the
           present
           time
           prouves
           not
           absolutly
           contrary
           to
           its
           erection
           ;
           vvhich
           must
           have
           its
           fondation
           on
           a
           generall
           disposition
           in
           all
           Negotiants
           to
           a
           vigourous
           Trading
           ,
           and
           to
           embrace
           all
           vvhat
           may
           be
           advantagious
           unto
           them
           .
        
         
           VVhich
           consideration
           (
           though
           in
           season
           )
           could
           not
           oblige
           the
           Proponant
           to
           passe
           in
           silence
           the
           use
           vvhich
           the
           State
           may
           make
           by
           the
           erecting
           of
           a
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           ,
           since
           it
           is
           likvvise
           fit
           to
           be
           annext
           to
           the
           aforesaid
           establishment
           ,
           tending
           to
           the
           maine
           releefe
           and
           advantage
           of
           the
           Subject
           ,
           and
           vvherein
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           State
           is
           
           likevvise
           concerned
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           humbly
           conceived
           to
           bee
           interessed
           in
           the
           erecting
           of
           a
           PVBLICK
           SAILLE
           OFFICE
           ,
           on
           the
           grounds
           and
           Methode
           follovving
           ,
           
             Viz.
             
          
        
         
           THE
           great
           abuses
           vvhich
           have
           been
           in
           public
           out-cryes
           and
           saile
           of
           goods
           ;
           
           in
           divers
           places
           (
           sold
           by
           Officers
           in
           Combination
           vvith
           Brokers
           )
           vvho
           devide
           the
           profits
           of
           goods
           sold
           at
           under
           rattes
           ,
           vvhen
           distresse
           constrained
           the
           Proprietaries
           to
           part
           from
           them
           at
           such
           price
           as
           those
           Officers
           and
           Brokers
           vvould
           put
           on
           the
           said
           goods
           ,
           provved
           such
           an
           intollerable
           grievance
           to
           the
           need
           ,
           (
           vvhen
           their
           goods
           so
           sould
           ,
           the
           monny
           made
           thereof
           ,
           the
           charge
           deducted
           ,
           did
           but
           serve
           to
           satisfie
           their
           Creditors
           in
           part
           ,
           and
           the
           Sergeants
           ,
           vvhen
           not
           a
           bed
           left
           to
           the
           poore
           distressed
           to
           lay
           on
           .
           )
           That
           it
           mouved
           good
           States
           men
           to
           thinke
           on
           a
           course
           to
           free
           the
           needy
           from
           the
           said
           grievance
           ,
           and
           to
           remouve
           from
           the
           Parish
           corners
           the
           pittyfull
           and
           lamentable
           spectacle
           of
           goods
           sould
           by
           distresse
           .
           The
           course
           they
           chouse
           vvas
           as
           follovving
           ,
           
             Viz.
             
          
        
         
           THEY
           made
           choise
           of
           trusty
           able
           men
           ,
           to
           make
           Masters
           of
           publick
           outcry
           Offices
           ,
           in
           every
           City
           and
           Tovvn
           ,
           and
           appointed
           fit
           Houses
           ,
           to
           serve
           for
           the
           publick
           saile
           of
           mouvables
           :
           did
           order
           that
           the
           said
           Masters
           of
           saile
           Office
           should
           afford
           to
           all
           buyars
           3
           months-time
           for
           the
           payment
           of
           such
           sommes
           of
           monny
           for
           the
           mouvables
           baught
           at
           the
           said
           out-cry
           ;
           that
           the
           buyar
           might
           prouve
           a
           more
           liberall
           Chapman
           ;
           and
           that
           consequently
           the
           goods
           might
           bee
           sould
           at
           the
           best
           rate
           ,
           to
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Ovvner
           .
           Ordered
           the
           said
           Master
           to
           advance
           to
           the
           party
           ,
           vvhole
           goods
           vvere
           sould
           ,
           all
           such
           sommes
           as
           they
           had
           yeelded
           in
           their
           said
           saile
           ;
           and
           that
           he
           should
           make
           it
           his
           vvork
           (
           for
           a
           set
           consideration
           )
           to
           get
           his
           rembourssement
           ,
           vvhich
           hath
           proved
           a
           great
           advantage
           and
           releefe
           to
           all
           needy
           persons
           ,
           and
           furtherance
           for
           the
           cleering
           and
           settling
           the
           Estates
           of
           all
           Mortuary
           houses
           ,
           Heyres
           ,
           and
           Executors
           .
        
         
           The
           States
           Generall
           of
           the
           Nederland
           Provinces
           have
           on
           the
           said
           saile
           Office
           the
           tvventieth
           penny
           ,
           and
           do
           allovv
           to
           the
           Master
           of
           the
           Office
           the
           like
           proportion
           ,
           for
           vvhich
           the
           needy
           are
           releeved
           ,
           and
           become
           gainers
           ,
           since
           othervvays
           their
           goods
           vvould
           be
           sold
           for
           halfe
           their
           vallue
           ;
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           combination
           of
           Brokers
           ,
           and
           that
           except
           the
           terme
           of
           3
           months
           be
           allotted
           to
           the
           buyars
           of
           goods
           they
           are
           not
           mouved
           to
           offer
           freely
           for
           them
           .
        
         
         
           Out
           of
           this
           said
           Office
           the
           State
           (
           as
           aforesaid
           )
           vvill
           increase
           its
           revenevv
           ,
           and
           by
           imploying
           likevvise
           part
           of
           vvhat
           it
           may
           render
           to
           the
           Stock
           for
           the
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           ;
           It
           vvill
           augment
           its
           revenevv
           to
           the
           proportion
           as
           aforesaid
           .
        
         
           Considered
           first
           ,
           vvhat
           the
           PROTOCOLL
           Office
           vvill
           render
           throughout
           the
           vvhole
           Kingdome
           ,
           both
           in
           ready
           monny
           and
           yearely
           revenevv
           ,
           though
           the
           State
           should
           direct
           but
           one
           per
           cent
           ,
           to
           be
           received
           for
           the
           rights
           of
           enroulements
           ,
           vvhich
           should
           be
           but
           the
           halfe
           of
           the
           rights
           taken
           by
           the
           Generall
           States
           of
           the
           Vnited
           Provinces
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           vvhat
           the
           use
           of
           monny
           put
           into
           the
           BENCHES
           OF
           LOANE
           throughout
           the
           vvhole
           Kingdome
           vvould
           come
           unto
           ,
           the
           use
           being
           no
           more
           than
           according
           unto
           Statute
           ,
           as
           before
           said
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           vvhat
           the
           tvventieth
           penny
           of
           all
           PVBLICK
           SAILLE
           OFFICES
           throughout
           the
           Kingdome
           vvould
           yeld
           .
        
         
           Fourthtly
           ,
           vvhat
           the
           Stock
           ,
           vvhich
           should
           bee
           put
           to
           profit
           of
           that
           vvhich
           vvill
           lay
           uslesse
           in
           a
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           vvill
           produce
           .
        
         
           VVhich
           (
           as
           it
           is
           humbly
           conceived
           )
           vvill
           not
           be
           said
           of
           the
           nature
           of
           Taxations
           ,
           lesse
           to
           prove
           pressures
           to
           the
           Subject
           ,
           since
           (
           as
           before
           said
           )
           they
           produce
           notable
           advantages
           ,
           as
           first
           ,
           Viz.
           
        
         
           THE
           PROTOCOLL
           Office
           secures
           all
           Proprietaries
           ,
           freeth
           them
           of
           charges
           ,
           of
           Processes
           ,
           Disputes
           ,
           Quarrels
           
           and
           Incombrances
           .
        
         
           The
           BENCH
           OF
           LOANE
           ;
           releefes
           all
           needy
           persons
           (
           vvhereof
           the
           most
           poorest
           are
           to
           a
           certaine
           some
           to
           be
           assisted
           Gratis
           )
           strencktneth
           and
           increaseth
           Trade
           ,
           and
           extripated
           all
           intollerable
           Vsury
           .
        
         
           The
           BENCHE
           OF
           PAYMENT
           accommodates
           all
           negotiants
           .
        
         
           The
           PVBLIC
           SAILE
           Office
           releefes
           and
           fits
           all
           needy
           persons
           that
           are
           constrained
           to
           sell
           their
           goods
           .
        
         
           On
           all
           vvhich
           the
           State
           vvill
           receive
           (
           vvhen
           pleased
           to
           command
           )
           all
           such
           further
           satisfaction
           as
           may
           be
           requisite
           ,
           besides
           the
           service
           ,
           dutifull
           attendance
           an
           application
           of
           those
           that
           are
           verst
           in
           the
           said
           Expedients
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A42642e-80
           
             H●vv
             t●
             first
             sto●
             money
             acrevvs
             t●
             the
             Stat●
             a
             Proto●
             Office
             .
          
           
             Rights
             Enroul●●ments
             .
          
           
             Cōcerni●
             Assessem●
             of
             Subsi●
             and
             Fift●
             
          
           
             Hovv
             the
             revenev●
             the
             State
             vvould
             b●
             raised
             by
             Protoco●
             Office
             .
          
           
             Revene●
             acrevvin●
             from
             the●
             that
             are
             a●
             and
             the
             a●vantage●
             they
             rec●
             tehreby
             .
          
           
             〈◊〉
             time
             ●
             Ben●●
             of
             ●●nevve●e
             ●●blisht
             ,
             〈◊〉
             the
             ●●nds
             ●●eof
             .
          
           
             Bench
             ●ane
             ●yed
             by
             ●emi●
             mem●
             of
             the
             〈◊〉
             
          
           
             Bench
             o●
             Loane
             b●
             gun
             in
             France
             .
          
           
             The
             suddain
             brea●●ing
             of
             M●●chants
             p●●●vented
             .
          
           
             The
             rele●●
             of
             Husba●●●men
             .
          
           
             Magistra●
             of
             Tovv●
             Administrators
             〈◊〉
             Benches
             〈◊〉
             Loane
             .
          
           
             ●●vv
             the
             ●●te
             puts
             ●profit
             a
             〈◊〉
             of
             ●uney
             .
          
           
             ●erall
             ●antages
             ●
             Bench
             〈◊〉
             Loane
             .
          
           
             ●acerning
             ●ench
             of
             ●ment
             .
          
           
             ●ncerning
             ●aile
             ●ice
             .
          
           
             The
             benc●
             of
             the
             Pr●●positions
             ●