Political and military observations a new collection / by J.D. of Kidwelly.
         Davies, John, 1625-1693.
      
       
         
           1679
        
      
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             Political and military observations a new collection / by J.D. of Kidwelly.
             Davies, John, 1625-1693.
          
           [2], 158 p.
           
             Printed for H. Cox ..., and H. Bonwick ...,
             London :
             1679.
          
           
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Political science -- Early works to 1800.
           Military art and science -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           POLITICAL
           AND
           MILITARY
           OBSERVATIONS
           .
           A
           NEW
           COLLECTION
           .
           By
           
             J.
             D.
          
           of
           Kidwelly
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           .
           Printed
           for
           
             H.
             Cox
          
           next
           Castle-yard
           in
           Holborne
           :
           and
           
             H.
             Bonwick
          
           in
           St.
           Pauls
           Church-yard
           ,
           1679.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         POLITICAL
         ,
         AND
         MILITARY
         OBSERVATIONS
         .
      
       
         
           I.
           
        
         
           IT
           is
           the
           common
           humour
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           principally
           to
           fear
           the
           danger
           which
           is
           next
           at
           hand
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           more
           carefully
           concern'd
           for
           things
           present
           ,
           than
           is
           requisite
           ;
           and
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           to
           make
           less
           account
           than
           they
           ought
           of
           those
           things
           which
           are
           to
           come
           ,
           and
           at
           a
           distance
           ;
           and
           this
           out
           of
           a
           certain
           presumption
           ,
           that
           Time
           and
           the
           contingency
           of
           humane
           accidents
           may
           afford
           some
           remedy
           for
           the
           latter
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           II.
           
        
         
           IT
           happens
           many
           times
           that
           the
           wisdom
           which
           is
           over-curious
           ,
           and
           too
           too
           considerative
           ,
           may
           be
           blame-worthy
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           the
           affairs
           of
           the
           World
           are
           subject
           to
           so
           many
           and
           so
           great
           a
           diversity
           of
           occurrences
           and
           disappointments
           ,
           that
           that
           seldom
           happens
           ,
           which
           wise
           men
           imagined
           would
           come
           to
           pass
           .
           That
           person
           therefore
           who
           quits
           the
           present
           good
           ,
           out
           of
           a
           fear
           of
           the
           future
           danger
           ,
           (
           it
           being
           presuppos'd
           that
           the
           danger
           is
           not
           inevitable
           and
           too
           near
           at
           hand
           )
           finds
           ,
           to
           his
           sorrow
           ,
           that
           he
           has
           let
           slip
           the
           occasion
           which
           presented
           it self
           to
           him
           of
           gaining
           honour
           or
           advantage
           ,
           meerly
           out
           of
           a
           fear
           of
           the
           danger
           ,
           which
           is
           afterwards
           found
           to
           have
           been
           vain
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           III.
           
        
         
           WHen
           the
           prudent
           man
           finds
           himself
           induc'd
           to
           give
           way
           to
           some
           just
           cause
           of
           discontent
           (
           from
           what
           occasion
           soever
           it
           may
           proceed
           )
           he
           ought
           to
           moderate
           it
           ,
           what
           lies
           in
           his
           power
           ,
           with
           a
           mature
           judgment
           ;
           out
           of
           this
           motive
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           not
           so
           much
           to
           mind
           his
           own
           private
           interest
           ,
           as
           that
           of
           the
           publick
           ;
           since
           it
           is
           not
           unlikely
           ,
           but
           that
           his
           discontent
           may
           be
           prejudicial
           to
           the
           welfare
           of
           the
           State.
           
        
      
       
         
           IV.
           
        
         
           A
           Great
           power
           ,
           and
           that
           united
           in
           one
           person
           ,
           is
           more
           to
           be
           dreaded
           than
           that
           which
           is
           divided
           amongst
           several
           parties
           ;
           which
           latter
           ,
           as
           it
           has
           a
           diversity
           of
           motives
           ,
           so
           has
           it
           also
           a
           diversity
           and
           discordancy
           of
           operations
           ,
           and
           those
           promoting
           a
           diversity
           of
           designes
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           V.
           
        
         
           THere
           is
           this
           observable
           in
           Republicks
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           not
           govern'd
           according
           to
           the
           inclinations
           of
           a
           single
           person
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           joint
           deliberations
           and
           consent
           of
           many
           ;
           and
           thence
           it
           comes
           ,
           that
           commonly
           they
           are
           thought
           to
           carry
           on
           their
           consultations
           with
           more
           moderation
           and
           respect
           .
        
      
       
         
           VI.
           
        
         
           SUch
           as
           the
           Prince
           is
           in
           point
           of
           Morality
           ,
           such
           is
           the
           government
           of
           affairs
           .
           If
           the
           Prince
           himself
           be
           a
           person
           of
           no
           great
           esteem
           ,
           those
           are
           in
           a
           condition
           tending
           to
           ruine
           ;
           is
           he
           be
           a
           person
           of
           conduct
           ,
           and
           vertuous
           ,
           they
           flourish
           .
        
      
       
         
           VII
           .
        
         
           NEw
           Conquests
           ,
           if
           they
           be
           not
           not
           well
           regulated
           ,
           nor
           prudently
           governed
           ,
           do
           rather
           burthen
           the
           person
           
           who
           has
           made
           them
           ,
           than
           render
           him
           more
           potent
           and
           considerable
           .
           For
           it
           is
           not
           to
           be
           expected
           that
           he
           should
           be
           the
           occasion
           of
           any
           good
           or
           happiness
           to
           a
           Government
           ,
           which
           he
           hath
           acquir'd
           by
           indirect
           means
           .
        
      
       
         
           VIII
           .
        
         
           ASwe
           find
           in
           the
           ordering
           of
           mans
           body
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           not
           sufficient
           the
           Head
           be
           free
           from
           all
           indisposition
           ,
           but
           it
           is
           withal
           requisite
           that
           the
           other
           Members
           exercise
           their
           several
           functions
           :
           So
           neither
           is
           it
           sufficient
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           a
           State
           ,
           that
           the
           Prince
           himself
           be
           unchargeable
           with
           any
           default
           in
           the
           management
           of
           affairs
           ,
           if
           there
           be
           not
           a
           correspondency
           of
           diligence
           and
           vertuous
           action
           in
           his
           Officers
           .
        
      
       
         
           IX
           .
        
         
           THe
           Prince
           and
           the
           Republick
           are
           seriously
           to
           consider
           ,
           what
           difference
           there
           is
           between
           being
           the
           first
           
           Aggressors
           in
           a
           war
           against
           another
           ,
           and
           expecting
           the
           other
           to
           be
           the
           first
           beginner
           thereof
           ;
           between
           treating
           about
           the
           dividing
           of
           another
           State
           ,
           and
           expecting
           till
           their
           own
           be
           in
           danger
           thereof
           :
           and
           lastly
           ,
           whether
           it
           be
           better
           to
           have
           one
           only
           Assistant
           ,
           or
           to
           engage
           alone
           against
           several
           joint
           Adversaries
           ;
           and
           after
           such
           consideration
           made
           to
           deliberate
           about
           what
           is
           likely
           to
           prove
           most
           conducive
           to
           their
           particular
           interest
           .
        
      
       
         
           X.
           
        
         
           IT
           is
           a
           thing
           of
           singular
           prudence
           and
           great
           repute
           in
           a
           great
           Prince
           ,
           when
           he
           so
           demeans
           himself
           in
           his
           affairs
           ,
           as
           that
           they
           who
           are
           inferiour
           to
           him
           ,
           have
           no
           occasion
           to
           suspect
           ,
           that
           he
           does
           any
           thing
           out
           of
           dissimulation
           ,
           or
           by
           way
           of
           personation
           ,
           or
           out
           of
           any
           other
           design
           that
           is
           not
           good
           and
           justifiable
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XI
           .
        
         
           WHen
           Princes
           enter
           into
           leagues
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           the
           reducing
           of
           interests
           to
           a
           certain
           equality
           ,
           there
           easily
           arise
           disgusts
           and
           jealousies
           among
           them
           ;
           whence
           it
           often
           happens
           ,
           that
           enterprises
           begun
           with
           a
           great
           opinion
           of
           success
           ,
           meet
           with
           many
           difficulties
           ,
           and
           in
           fine
           come
           to
           nothing
           .
        
      
       
         
           XII
           .
        
         
           FOr
           a
           man
           to
           be
           a
           King
           may
           sometimes
           be
           the
           effect
           of
           success
           ;
           but
           to
           exercise
           that
           sacred
           and
           royal
           function
           ,
           which
           proposes
           to
           it self
           for
           its
           last
           end
           ,
           the
           good
           and
           welfare
           of
           his
           people
           ,
           depends
           wholly
           on
           the
           person
           himself
           ,
           and
           the
           vertue
           which
           ought
           to
           be
           attendant
           on
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           XIII
           .
        
         
           IN
           difficult
           and
           intricate
           deliberations
           ,
           the
           Prince
           ought
           to
           approve
           
           those
           for
           easie
           and
           desirable
           which
           are
           necessary
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           those
           which
           in
           comparison
           of
           others
           ,
           seem
           to
           imply
           less
           difficulty
           ,
           and
           less
           danger
           .
        
      
       
         
           XIV
           .
        
         
           THe
           greater
           and
           more
           powerful
           a
           King
           is
           ,
           the
           more
           honourable
           it
           is
           for
           him
           to
           employ
           his
           grandeur
           in
           the
           maintenance
           and
           administration
           of
           justice
           ,
           and
           the
           publick
           faith
           ;
           there
           being
           not
           any
           thing
           more
           unbecoming
           a
           Prince
           or
           Republick
           ,
           than
           to
           be
           defective
           in
           the
           observance
           of
           publick
           obligations
           .
        
      
       
         
           XV.
           
        
         
           IN
           things
           that
           are
           doubtful
           ,
           the
           Prince
           ought
           to
           continue
           in
           suspence
           ,
           and
           to
           reserve
           to
           himself
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           lyes
           in
           his
           power
           ,
           the
           means
           of
           taking
           and
           fixing
           upon
           that
           resolution
           ,
           which
           he
           shall
           find
           by
           the
           
           general
           course
           of
           affairs
           likely
           to
           prove
           most
           beneficial
           and
           expedient
           .
        
      
       
         
           XVI
           .
        
         
           THe
           prudential
           Captain
           is
           he
           ,
           who
           to
           obtain
           a
           victory
           with
           greater
           security
           ,
           would
           rather
           do
           it
           with
           great
           protraction
           of
           time
           ,
           much
           hardship
           endur'd
           ,
           and
           cautious
           adventuring
           forward
           ,
           with
           sufficient
           provision
           for
           all
           accidents
           ,
           than
           to
           overcome
           with
           ease
           and
           expedition
           ,
           meerly
           to
           acquire
           glory
           to
           himself
           by
           puting
           all
           to
           an
           immediate
           hazard
           .
        
      
       
         
           XVII
           .
        
         
           IT
           commonly
           happens
           through
           the
           corrupt
           judgment
           of
           mankind
           ,
           that
           prodigality
           is
           more
           recommended
           in
           a
           King
           ,
           though
           in
           some
           measure
           attended
           with
           rapine
           ,
           than
           frugality
           ,
           though
           accompani'd
           by
           an
           abstinence
           from
           encroaching
           
           upon
           that
           which
           is
           anothers
           .
        
      
       
         
           XVIII
           .
        
         
           ALL
           the
           things
           ,
           for
           which
           men
           are
           so
           industrious
           and
           concern'd
           in
           this
           world
           ,
           are
           reducible
           to
           two
           points
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           profit
           and
           honour
           ;
           under
           that
           of
           profit
           is
           comprehended
           whatever
           concerns
           the
           Body
           ,
           under
           that
           of
           honour
           ,
           whatever
           concerns
           the
           mind
           .
        
      
       
         
           XIX
           .
        
         
           THE
           Prince
           ought
           to
           be
           grave
           ,
           by
           a
           regular
           stayedness
           of
           demeanour
           ,
           governing
           himself
           with
           moderation
           in
           all
           his
           affairs
           ,
           performing
           the
           promises
           he
           hath
           made
           ,
           and
           standing
           more
           in
           fear
           of
           doing
           that
           which
           is
           evil
           ,
           than
           that
           any
           ill
           should
           be
           done
           to
           him
           ;
           and
           all
           this
           with
           a
           continual
           remembrance
           ,
           that
           he
           being
           but
           a
           man
           ,
           has
           receiv'd
           from
           God
           a
           power
           almost
           divine
           ;
           but
           to
           this
           end
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           be
           a
           furtherer
           
           and
           advancer
           of
           things
           just
           ,
           and
           of
           good
           report
           ,
           in
           his
           Government
           .
        
      
       
         
           XX.
           
        
         
           THE
           Citizen
           who
           begins
           to
           concern
           himself
           in
           the
           management
           of
           the
           publick
           affairs
           ,
           ought
           to
           live
           according
           to
           the
           usual
           course
           of
           the
           other
           Citizens
           ,
           and
           accommodate
           himself
           to
           their
           humour
           ,
           and
           with
           all
           the
           dexterity
           and
           prudence
           he
           can
           ,
           promote
           those
           things
           ,
           wherewith
           the
           populace
           are
           more
           satisfy'd
           ,
           and
           by
           which
           they
           are
           ordinarily
           kept
           in
           a
           good
           humour
           .
           By
           these
           compliances
           he
           will
           come
           into
           repute
           and
           credit
           ,
           and
           acquire
           authority
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXI
           .
        
         
           THey
           who
           are
           entrusted
           with
           the
           management
           of
           the
           affairs
           of
           a
           free
           State
           ,
           ought
           to
           be
           always
           mindful
           of
           two
           precepts
           of
           Plato
           .
           One
           is
           ,
           that
           they
           principally
           promote
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           Citizens
           ,
           and
           
           make
           all
           their
           endeavours
           subservient
           to
           that
           end
           ,
           not
           regarding
           their
           own
           private
           interests
           .
           The
           other
           is
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           an
           eye
           on
           the
           whole
           body
           of
           the
           Republick
           ,
           so
           as
           that
           though
           they
           incline
           to
           one
           party
           ,
           yet
           they
           must
           notdesert
           another
           .
           The
           reason
           of
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           Commonwealth
           ought
           to
           be
           govern'd
           as
           a
           Guardianship
           ▪
           is
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           for
           the
           good
           and
           advantage
           of
           those
           who
           are
           receiv'd
           under
           the
           charge
           thereof
           ,
           and
           not
           altogether
           for
           theirs
           ,
           to
           whom
           it
           is
           committed
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXII
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           the
           peculiar
           charge
           of
           the
           Magistrate
           ,
           to
           be
           careful
           ,
           that
           he
           represent
           the
           person
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           maintain
           the
           order
           and
           dignity
           thereof
           ,
           observe
           the
           Laws
           ,
           and
           be
           mindful
           of
           the
           things
           committed
           to
           his
           trust
           ,
           and
           make
           provision
           not
           only
           for
           what
           is
           done
           ,
           but
           also
           for
           what
           ought
           to
           be
           done
           ;
           it
           being
           
           his
           business
           ,
           that
           the
           Common-wealth
           be
           as
           well
           regulated
           after
           his
           death
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           ,
           while
           he
           liv'd
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXIII
           .
        
         
           THat
           War
           is
           just
           which
           is
           necessary
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           a
           pious
           ▪
           recourse
           to
           Arms
           ,
           when
           there
           remains
           no
           hopes
           otherwise
           than
           in
           Arms
           ;
           and
           that
           war
           is
           just
           which
           a
           Prince
           enters
           into
           ▪
           either
           to
           recover
           what
           is
           lost
           ,
           or
           to
           prevent
           the
           wrong
           intended
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXIV
           .
        
         
           THis
           ought
           to
           be
           heeded
           by
           Governours
           ,
           that
           when
           they
           pardon
           a
           small
           number
           of
           delinquent
           persons
           ,
           they
           disoblige
           all
           the
           good
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           these
           latter
           perceiving
           that
           mischief
           is
           pardon'd
           ,
           cannot
           promise
           themselves
           that
           good
           will
           be
           requited
           by
           the
           Governours
           ;
           and
           thereupon
           ▪
           persuading
           themselves
           that
           there
           is
           more
           to
           be
           gotten
           among
           
           the
           wicked
           ,
           they
           are
           easily
           diverted
           from
           well
           doing
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXV
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           always
           observ'd
           ,
           that
           in
           Cities
           ,
           they
           who
           are
           necessitous
           envy
           the
           good
           ,
           and
           have
           an
           esteem
           for
           the
           wicked
           ;
           they
           quarrel
           at
           things
           of
           ancient
           establishment
           ,
           and
           are
           forward
           to
           promote
           novelties
           ;
           and
           out
           of
           the
           aversion
           they
           have
           for
           the
           wealthier
           sort
           ,
           they
           study
           tumult
           and
           seditions
           ,
           imagining
           that
           their
           poverty
           and
           multitude
           will
           indemnify
           them
           from
           the
           punishments
           ,
           due
           to
           the
           disorders
           ,
           whereof
           they
           are
           the
           occasions
           and
           abettors
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXVI
           .
        
         
           WHen
           persons
           of
           a
           mean
           and
           despicable
           condition
           are
           guilty
           of
           any
           miscarriage
           ,
           it
           is
           known
           but
           to
           few
           persons
           ,
           and
           the
           noise
           of
           their
           actions
           reaches
           no
           further
           than
           their
           conditions
           will
           bear
           .
           But
           the
           
           acts
           and
           demeanour
           of
           those
           who
           are
           of
           great
           quality
           ,
           and
           owners
           of
           great
           Estates
           ,
           are
           remarkable
           to
           all
           ,
           and
           so
           become
           more
           highly
           censureable
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXVII
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           seldom
           seen
           that
           a
           vertuous
           man
           loses
           his
           Liberty
           ,
           but
           he
           withal
           in
           some
           respect
           loses
           his
           Life
           ;
           in
           regard
           it
           is
           a
           thing
           notorious
           to
           all
           ,
           and
           of
           great
           difficulty
           to
           those
           who
           have
           been
           educated
           and
           enur'd
           to
           freedom
           ,
           to
           be
           reduc'd
           to
           a
           servile
           life
           ,
           inasmuch
           as
           of
           all
           things
           in
           the
           world
           Liberty
           is
           the
           best
           and
           most
           desireable
           ,
           the
           very
           name
           whereof
           is
           a
           character
           of
           vertue
           ,
           as
           servitude
           is
           a
           mark
           of
           misfortune
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXVIII
           .
        
         
           WHen
           a
           person
           of
           noble
           extraction
           degenerates
           from
           his
           Ancestors
           by
           the
           doing
           of
           things
           that
           are
           not
           vertuous
           ,
           he
           ought
           to
           remember
           ,
           
           that
           by
           how
           much
           the
           more
           illustrious
           the
           Lives
           of
           his
           Progenitors
           were
           ,
           in
           their
           times
           ,
           so
           much
           the
           more
           scandalous
           and
           reproachable
           will
           his
           appear
           :
           inasmuch
           as
           the
           lustre
           and
           reputation
           of
           Ancestors
           is
           as
           it
           were
           a
           light
           to
           their
           Descendents
           ,
           which
           discovers
           ,
           to
           the
           eyes
           of
           others
           ,
           the
           vertue
           or
           vice
           which
           is
           remarkable
           in
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXIX
           .
        
         
           'T
           IS
           an
           humour
           highly
           commendable
           in
           a
           victorious
           Prince
           ,
           when
           he
           is
           so
           far
           mindful
           of
           himself
           ,
           as
           to
           endeavour
           rather
           to
           do
           what
           is
           consistent
           with
           the
           rules
           of
           generosity
           ,
           than
           to
           impose
           conditions
           too
           insupportable
           upon
           his
           conquer'd
           enemies
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXX
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           is
           of
           an
           humour
           inclin'd
           to
           peace
           ,
           will
           not
           be
           diverted
           from
           the
           concluding
           of
           it
           
           by
           the
           great
           difficulties
           which
           present
           themselves
           in
           the
           negotiation
           thereof
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           the
           difficulties
           occurrent
           therein
           ,
           are
           remov'd
           either
           by
           the
           force
           of
           down-right
           justice
           ,
           or
           by
           retaliating
           injustice
           with
           injustice
           ,
           and
           counterpoising
           reason
           with
           reason
           ,
           or
           by
           the
           enduring
           of
           a
           lesser
           prejudice
           ,
           or
           by
           a
           mutual
           deference
           of
           several
           parties
           in
           abating
           somewhat
           of
           their
           right
           ;
           as
           shall
           seem
           most
           convenient
           to
           prudent
           persons
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           importance
           of
           the
           thing
           in
           dispute
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXXI
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           the
           property
           of
           a
           well
           establish'd
           and
           well
           regulated
           Commonwealth
           ,
           that
           all
           Affairs
           ,
           or
           the
           greatest
           part
           thereof
           ,
           as
           far
           as
           it
           is
           possible
           ,
           be
           manag'd
           ,
           and
           decided
           by
           the
           Laws
           ,
           rather
           than
           left
           to
           the
           decision
           and
           discretion
           of
           a
           Judge
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           there
           are
           few
           of
           so
           great
           
           abilities
           and
           sound
           understanding
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           sufficiently
           skill'd
           in
           the
           Laws
           ,
           and
           withal
           of
           unquestion'd
           integrity
           ,
           to
           give
           right
           judgement
           in
           a
           doubtful
           case
           ;
           whereas
           the
           Laws
           themselves
           ,
           by
           long
           experience
           of
           affairs
           ,
           and
           by
           mature
           consideration
           ,
           are
           reduc'd
           to
           perfection
           :
           but
           the
           judgment
           of
           man
           according
           to
           his
           natural
           bent
           to
           love
           or
           a
           version
           is
           wrested
           and
           corrupted
           without
           the
           support
           of
           the
           Law.
           
        
      
       
         
           XXXII
           .
        
         
           AMong
           those
           of
           the
           popular
           rank
           ,
           discords
           arise
           from
           the
           disparity
           of
           Estates
           ,
           in
           regard
           those
           of
           the
           lower
           rate
           are
           desirous
           to
           be
           equal
           to
           those
           of
           the
           higher
           ;
           but
           among
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           they
           proceed
           from
           grandeurs
           ,
           inasmuch
           as
           they
           who
           are
           equal
           are
           desirous
           to
           aggrandize
           themselves
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XXXIII
           .
        
         
           WHen
           men
           are
           come
           near
           that
           disaster
           or
           inconvenience
           into
           which
           they
           are
           fatally
           design'd
           to
           fall
           ,
           't
           is
           then
           that
           they
           are
           principally
           depriv'd
           of
           those
           advantages
           of
           circumspection
           and
           prudence
           ,
           with
           the
           assistance
           whereof
           they
           might
           ,
           in
           all
           likelihood
           ,
           have
           avoided
           the
           inconvenience
           which
           threatned
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXXIV
           .
        
         
           WHen
           matters
           of
           great
           importance
           are
           under
           debate
           ,
           there
           is
           not
           any
           thing
           more
           necessary
           on
           the
           one
           side
           ,
           nor
           more
           dangerous
           on
           the
           other
           ,
           than
           to
           take
           advice
           thereupon
           ;
           and
           no
           doubt
           the
           prudent
           person
           stands
           less
           in
           need
           of
           counsel
           than
           the
           imprudent
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           the
           former
           derives
           greater
           advantages
           from
           taking
           counsel
           than
           the
           other
           ,
           because
           he
           has
           so
           great
           a
           
           stock
           of
           prudence
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           able
           to
           consider
           and
           weigh
           things
           of
           himself
           ,
           and
           amongst
           the
           reasons
           that
           are
           offer'd
           ,
           to
           discern
           those
           which
           make
           most
           for
           his
           interest
           .
           But
           what
           assurance
           can
           the
           imprudent
           person
           have
           ,
           in
           asking
           counsel
           ,
           that
           the
           advertisements
           he
           receives
           are
           good
           and
           faithful
           ?
           For
           if
           the
           person
           who
           gives
           counsel
           be
           not
           highly
           faithful
           and
           well
           affected
           to
           him
           who
           desires
           it
           ,
           but
           is
           inducible
           to
           be
           otherwise
           ,
           out
           of
           some
           notorious
           concern
           of
           his
           own
           ,
           or
           out
           of
           some
           motive
           of
           advantage
           ,
           or
           flender
           satisfaction
           ,
           he
           will
           frame
           his
           advice
           so
           as
           that
           it
           may
           be
           most
           beneficial
           to
           himself
           .
           And
           that
           intention
           of
           his
           being
           for
           the
           most
           part
           unknown
           to
           the
           party
           consulting
           ,
           he
           makes
           no
           discovery
           ,
           if
           he
           be
           not
           a
           prudent
           person
           ,
           of
           the
           perfidiousness
           of
           the
           Counsel
           that
           is
           given
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XXXV
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           is
           desirous
           to
           ballance
           things
           between
           Princes
           ,
           and
           to
           observe
           a
           punctual
           neutrality
           ,
           must
           ,
           with
           the
           greatest
           circumspection
           he
           can
           ,
           abstain
           not
           only
           from
           all
           acts
           ,
           but
           also
           from
           any
           discovery
           ,
           which
           may
           raise
           a
           suspicion
           of
           his
           being
           inclin'd
           to
           one
           side
           more
           than
           the
           other
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXXVI
           .
        
         
           YOuth
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           that
           part
           of
           Man's
           Age
           which
           is
           most
           greedy
           of
           honour
           ,
           and
           looks
           upon
           disgrace
           with
           the
           greatest
           indignation
           ,
           so
           is
           it
           also
           the
           most
           capable
           of
           enduring
           the
           inconveniencies
           ,
           difficulties
           ,
           and
           hardships
           ,
           which
           necessarily
           attend
           War.
           The
           difference
           there
           is
           between
           men
           or
           nations
           is
           not
           to
           be
           measured
           by
           years
           ,
           but
           by
           ingenuity
           ,
           vivacity
           ,
           and
           soundness
           of
           judgment
           ,
           study
           ,
           industry
           ,
           and
           
           the
           particular
           exercises
           of
           vertue
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXXVII
           .
        
         
           IF
           a
           great
           person
           has
           done
           thee
           an
           injury
           ,
           dissemble
           thy
           reception
           thereof
           ,
           and
           smother
           thy
           resentments
           ;
           for
           it
           is
           a
           pure
           extravagance
           to
           be
           disgusted
           against
           a
           person
           ,
           whom
           thou
           dar'st
           not
           call
           to
           account
           ,
           and
           whom
           it
           were
           imprudence
           in
           thee
           further
           to
           exasperate
           .
        
      
       
         
           XXXVIII
           .
        
         
           THere
           happens
           an
           infinite
           variety
           of
           turns
           and
           changes
           in
           military
           affairs
           ;
           therefore
           ought
           not
           a
           man
           to
           grow
           too
           confident
           upon
           new
           advantages
           ,
           nor
           be
           too
           much
           depressed
           ,
           upon
           the
           contrary
           :
           inasmuch
           as
           ever
           and
           anon
           ,
           there
           comes
           some
           alteration
           ,
           whereby
           this
           lesson
           may
           be
           learnt
           ,
           that
           when
           opportunity
           presents
           it self
           ,
           it
           should
           not
           be
           neglected
           ,
           because
           it
           lasts
           but
           for
           a
           short
           time
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XXXIX
           .
        
         
           WHen
           matters
           come
           first
           under
           deliberation
           ,
           it
           is
           most
           seriously
           to
           be
           consider'd
           ,
           what
           the
           issue
           thereof
           may
           be
           ;
           and
           then
           ought
           men
           to
           be
           cautious
           how
           they
           assent
           to
           uncivil
           and
           pernicious
           demands
           .
           For
           some
           have
           found
           by
           experience
           ,
           that
           when
           such
           as
           they
           are
           treating
           withal
           have
           obtain'd
           what
           they
           desir'd
           ,
           it
           has
           prov'd
           only
           an
           encouragement
           to
           them
           to
           make
           a
           further
           progress
           in
           their
           demands
           .
        
      
       
         
           XL.
           
        
         
           THe
           more
           sudden
           and
           unexpected
           accidents
           are
           ,
           the
           greater
           discomposure
           and
           astonishment
           do
           they
           cause
           to
           those
           to
           whom
           they
           happen
           .
           It
           is
           therefore
           the
           part
           of
           a
           prudent
           person
           ,
           to
           make
           that
           provision
           before-hand
           ,
           which
           may
           prevent
           his
           being
           surpriz'd
           or
           disturb'd
           ;
           or
           if
           it
           so
           happen
           that
           it
           cannot
           be
           
           avoided
           ,
           let
           him
           endeavour
           ,
           from
           the
           present
           state
           of
           things
           ,
           to
           foresee
           what
           may
           come
           to
           pass
           ,
           using
           all
           the
           precautious
           remedies
           ,
           which
           his
           experience
           and
           prudence
           can
           suggest
           ,
           and
           not
           suffering
           things
           to
           grow
           worse
           and
           worse
           .
        
      
       
         
           XLI
           .
        
         
           IT
           always
           happens
           ,
           in
           civil
           conversation
           ,
           that
           ,
           whether
           a
           vicious
           act
           be
           chastis'd
           ,
           or
           a
           vertuous
           act
           recompenc'd
           ,
           the
           whole
           body
           of
           the
           Citizens
           receives
           a
           good
           thereby
           ;
           nor
           was
           there
           ever
           any
           expedient
           more
           contributory
           to
           the
           preservation
           of
           Cities
           in
           a
           happy
           and
           flourishing
           state
           ,
           than
           that
           counterballancing
           of
           punishment
           and
           reward
           ,
           justly
           apply'd
           according
           to
           desert
           .
        
      
       
         
           XLII
           .
        
         
           ALL
           the
           assurances
           that
           can
           be
           had
           of
           an
           Enemy
           whether
           by
           oath
           ,
           parole
           ,
           engagement
           to
           friends
           ,
           
           promises
           ,
           or
           whatever
           other
           way
           can
           be
           imagin'd
           ,
           are
           good
           ;
           but
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           corruption
           of
           persons
           ,
           the
           depravation
           of
           Morality
           ,
           and
           the
           vicissitude
           of
           times
           and
           accidents
           ,
           the
           best
           expedient
           is
           for
           a
           man
           to
           take
           such
           order
           in
           his
           affairs
           ,
           as
           that
           the
           Enemy
           may
           not
           be
           in
           a
           capacity
           to
           annoy
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           XLIII
           .
        
         
           THE
           present
           method
           of
           carrying
           on
           a
           War
           is
           much
           different
           from
           that
           of
           the
           Ancients
           ,
           who
           did
           not
           their
           work
           by
           Assassinations
           ,
           and
           surprises
           ,
           but
           discover'd
           to
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           if
           any
           base
           contrivance
           were
           in
           hand
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           all
           out
           of
           a
           confidence
           that
           they
           should
           be
           able
           to
           overcome
           him
           by
           Vertue
           .
        
      
       
         
           XLIV
           .
        
         
           WHen
           a
           man
           is
           advanc'd
           to
           some
           great
           charge
           ;
           it
           is
           soon
           discover'd
           whether
           he
           be
           a
           person
           of
           
           great
           abilities
           ,
           or
           not
           ;
           but
           above
           all
           ,
           by
           the
           augmentation
           of
           his
           worldly
           concerns
           ,
           and
           the
           advantages
           he
           may
           have
           by
           his
           Office
           ,
           the
           affections
           of
           his
           heart
           are
           discover'd
           ,
           together
           with
           his
           disposition
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           ,
           the
           greater
           person
           he
           is
           ,
           so
           much
           the
           less
           cautious
           will
           he
           be
           ,
           in
           suffering
           himself
           to
           be
           carryed
           away
           with
           the
           current
           of
           his
           own
           natural
           humour
           .
        
      
       
         
           XLV
           .
        
         
           BE
           it
           thy
           continual
           care
           ,
           that
           thy
           Superiour
           conceive
           no
           ill
           opinion
           of
           thee
           ,
           and
           be
           not
           over-confident
           of
           the
           leading
           an
           unblameable
           course
           of
           life
           ,
           but
           endeavour
           to
           be
           such
           an
           one
           as
           that
           thou
           maist
           not
           be
           much
           afraid
           to
           fall
           into
           his
           hands
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           there
           is
           an
           infinite
           number
           of
           unforeseen
           occasions
           ,
           wherein
           thou
           mayst
           stand
           in
           need
           of
           him
           ,
           and
           be
           glad
           to
           insinuate
           into
           his
           favour
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XLVI
           .
        
         
           THE
           Governour
           ought
           rather
           to
           fix
           his
           consideration
           upon
           the
           substance
           and
           reality
           of
           the
           thing
           ,
           than
           upon
           the
           appearance
           of
           it
           ,
           measuring
           it
           rather
           by
           prudence
           ,
           than
           by
           his
           own
           will
           ,
           and
           being
           always
           distrustful
           of
           himself
           ;
           in
           regard
           it
           is
           a
           great
           reproach
           to
           a
           State
           ,
           when
           imprudence
           is
           attended
           by
           danger
           .
        
      
       
         
           XLVII
           .
        
         
           THE
           grand
           mystery
           of
           War
           consists
           rather
           in
           obedience
           ,
           than
           a
           curiosity
           of
           knowing
           the
           reason
           of
           the
           General
           's
           orders
           ;
           and
           that
           Army
           is
           well
           fitted
           and
           prepar'd
           for
           danger
           ,
           which
           ,
           before
           it
           is
           set
           on
           work
           ,
           is
           the
           most
           exactly
           kept
           under
           discipline
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XLVIII
           .
        
         
           ALL
           those
           who
           are
           concern'd
           ,
           or
           commissionated
           to
           deliberate
           and
           treat
           of
           Affairs
           of
           great
           importance
           ,
           ought
           to
           consider
           with
           themselves
           ,
           whether
           that
           they
           undertake
           will
           prove
           beneficial
           to
           the
           Commonwealth
           ,
           honorable
           to
           themselves
           ,
           and
           may
           be
           compass'd
           without
           any
           great
           difficulty
           .
        
      
       
         
           XLIX
           .
        
         
           IN
           the
           carrying
           on
           of
           Enterprises
           ,
           it
           is
           to
           be
           observ'd
           ,
           whether
           he
           who
           gives
           the
           advice
           ,
           is
           also
           willing
           to
           expose
           his
           person
           to
           danger
           ;
           and
           when
           the
           enterprise
           has
           taken
           effect
           it
           is
           to
           be
           consider'd
           ,
           to
           whom
           the
           honour
           thereof
           is
           principally
           to
           be
           attributed
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           L.
           
        
         
           IN
           the
           times
           of
           publick
           disturbances
           and
           seditions
           ,
           they
           always
           have
           the
           greatest
           power
           and
           credit
           ,
           who
           of
           all
           are
           the
           most
           wicked
           ;
           but
           in
           times
           of
           peace
           and
           tranquillity
           ,
           they
           are
           most
           in
           esteem
           who
           are
           the
           most
           remarkable
           for
           their
           conduct
           ,
           and
           observance
           of
           discipline
           .
        
      
       
         
           LI.
           
        
         
           MEN
           would
           not
           be
           so
           violently
           addicted
           to
           mischief
           ,
           were
           it
           not
           for
           the
           advantages
           or
           satisfaction
           they
           reap
           thereby
           .
           This
           gave
           occasion
           to
           wise
           Law
           givers
           to
           make
           punishments
           and
           rewards
           the
           ground-work
           and
           support
           of
           their
           Governments
           ,
           not
           so
           much
           out
           of
           a
           design
           to
           afflict
           their
           subjects
           ,
           as
           to
           divert
           them
           from
           those
           things
           wherein
           they
           are
           apt
           to
           follow
           their
           own
           corrupt
           inclinations
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LII
           .
        
         
           AS
           Discord
           divides
           one
           City
           and
           makes
           it
           two
           ,
           or
           more
           ,
           and
           gives
           occasion
           to
           those
           who
           have
           their
           eye
           upon
           it
           to
           advance
           and
           carry
           on
           their
           designes
           with
           greater
           success
           against
           it
           ;
           so
           Union
           restrains
           and
           cements
           the
           Counsels
           of
           many
           ,
           and
           reduces
           them
           into
           one
           body
           ,
           and
           by
           that
           means
           keeps
           the
           government
           closely
           compacted
           together
           ,
           and
           uncorrupted
           .
        
      
       
         
           LIII
           .
        
         
           AS
           it
           happens
           in
           a
           structure
           of
           importance
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           more
           danger
           of
           the
           falling
           of
           one
           Stone
           towards
           the
           foundation
           ,
           than
           if
           a
           hundred
           Tiles
           fall
           down
           from
           the
           roof
           of
           it
           :
           so
           is
           it
           a
           much
           greater
           fault
           in
           point
           of
           policy
           ,
           to
           disobey
           justice
           ,
           than
           to
           commit
           many
           slight
           faults
           against
           the
           particular
           devoir
           between
           man
           and
           man
           ;
           since
           it
           has
           been
           observ'd
           ,
           
           that
           many
           times
           great
           scandals
           have
           been
           rais'd
           in
           the
           Commonwealth
           ,
           which
           were
           occasion'd
           at
           first
           by
           some
           small
           disobedience
           .
        
      
       
         
           LIV.
           
        
         
           IT
           would
           be
           a
           good
           and
           wholsom
           Law
           ,
           if
           those
           persons
           ,
           who
           observe
           no
           regularity
           in
           their
           lives
           ,
           who
           are
           negligent
           in
           the
           managery
           of
           their
           domestick
           concerns
           ,
           who
           order
           not
           their
           affairs
           as
           they
           ought
           to
           do
           ,
           and
           discover
           no
           observance
           of
           discipline
           in
           their
           own
           families
           ,
           but
           live
           in
           perpetual
           jarring
           and
           contention
           with
           their
           Neighbours
           ,
           should
           be
           put
           under
           the
           tuition
           of
           Guardians
           ,
           who
           might
           treat
           them
           and
           keep
           them
           in
           ,
           as
           distracted
           and
           extravagant
           persons
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           communicating
           their
           extravagance
           to
           others
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           the
           Commonwealth
           is
           never
           more
           likely
           to
           fall
           into
           disturbance
           ,
           than
           it
           is
           by
           their
           means
           who
           observe
           no
           rule
           in
           their
           private
           demeanour
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LV.
           
        
         
           THere
           is
           not
           any
           thing
           more
           common
           or
           more
           pernicious
           among
           men
           ,
           than
           that
           deceitful
           imagination
           of
           one
           mans
           condition
           being
           better
           than
           another
           .
           And
           this
           proceeds
           hence
           ,
           that
           mens
           eyes
           are
           so
           blinded
           with
           malice
           and
           envy
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           rather
           with
           much
           trouble
           grasp
           at
           what
           belongs
           to
           another
           ,
           than
           quietly
           enjoy
           their
           own
           .
           The
           condition
           of
           Princes
           is
           really
           good
           ,
           if
           they
           make
           a
           good
           use
           thereof
           .
           In
           like
           manner
           ,
           the
           popular
           state
           is
           good
           ,
           if
           men
           acquit
           themselves
           therein
           as
           they
           ought
           to
           do
           .
           The
           condition
           of
           the
           wealthy
           is
           good
           ,
           if
           they
           use
           it
           with
           moderation
           ;
           and
           so
           is
           that
           of
           the
           poor
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           attended
           with
           patience
           ,
           which
           is
           of
           such
           a
           soveraign
           vertue
           ,
           as
           to
           make
           that
           good
           which
           is
           generally
           accounted
           otherwise
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LVI
           .
        
         
           IF
           Subjects
           knew
           what
           a
           hard
           task
           the
           Prince
           has
           in
           commanding
           ,
           or
           if
           the
           Prince
           knew
           how
           sweet
           a
           thing
           it
           is
           to
           live
           in
           tranquillity
           ,
           the
           meaner
           sort
           would
           have
           a
           great
           compassion
           on
           the
           Grandees
           ,
           and
           the
           Grandees
           would
           envy
           those
           of
           a
           mean
           condition
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           the
           divertisements
           which
           the
           Prince
           enjoies
           ,
           amount
           to
           little
           in
           comparison
           of
           the
           discontents
           he
           is
           forc'd
           to
           endure
           .
           But
           as
           the
           station
           of
           the
           Prince
           is
           the
           highest
           of
           all
           ,
           as
           he
           can
           do
           more
           than
           all
           ,
           as
           his
           worth
           exceeds
           that
           of
           all
           the
           rest
           ,
           as
           he
           endures
           more
           than
           all
           ,
           and
           surpasses
           all
           in
           government
           ;
           so
           is
           it
           necessary
           ,
           that
           the
           Court
           ,
           the
           person
           ,
           and
           life
           of
           the
           Prince
           be
           better
           regulated
           than
           those
           of
           all
           the
           rest
           ,
           inasmuch
           as
           it
           is
           the
           rule
           ,
           measure
           ,
           and
           standard
           thereof
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LVII
           .
        
         
           THere
           is
           not
           any
           thing
           whereof
           a
           wise
           Prince
           should
           be
           more
           selfsatisfy'd
           ,
           than
           that
           he
           has
           about
           him
           some
           persons
           eminent
           for
           their
           valour
           and
           conduct
           ,
           to
           carry
           on
           the
           military
           concerns
           ,
           and
           others
           signal
           for
           their
           prudence
           and
           integrity
           ,
           to
           manage
           the
           civil
           .
        
      
       
         
           LVIII
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           a
           very
           remarkable
           observation
           ,
           that
           men
           eminent
           for
           their
           valour
           and
           good
           fortune
           in
           Military
           affairs
           are
           born
           and
           flourish
           much
           more
           in
           one
           time
           than
           they
           do
           in
           another
           .
           For
           if
           a
           valiant
           person
           rise
           up
           in
           the
           time
           of
           a
           daring
           Prince
           ,
           he
           shall
           be
           in
           great
           esteem
           ,
           and
           employ'd
           upon
           extraordinary
           designes
           ;
           but
           if
           he
           live
           under
           a
           timorous
           and
           distrustful
           Prince
           ,
           such
           a
           Prince
           shall
           make
           greater
           account
           of
           those
           who
           study
           how
           to
           improve
           and
           advance
           
           his
           Revenues
           ,
           than
           he
           will
           do
           of
           him
           who
           shall
           return
           crown'd
           with
           Laurels
           from
           the
           Wars
           .
        
      
       
         
           LIX
           .
        
         
           THey
           who
           are
           desirous
           of
           the
           reputation
           of
           good
           Princes
           ,
           ought
           to
           propose
           to
           themselves
           the
           examples
           of
           such
           as
           have
           been
           such
           in
           their
           several
           ages
           :
           for
           to
           that
           end
           are
           the
           Lives
           and
           Actions
           of
           illustrious
           persons
           ,
           by
           faithful
           Historians
           ,
           transmitted
           to
           Posterity
           ;
           that
           Princes
           and
           Grandees
           may
           have
           such
           Exemplars
           set
           before
           them
           as
           they
           ought
           to
           imitate
           .
        
      
       
         
           LX.
           
        
         
           THE
           greatest
           care
           a
           Governour
           ought
           to
           take
           ,
           is
           to
           find
           out
           the
           person
           who
           shall
           advise
           him
           to
           govern
           well
           ,
           and
           to
           maintain
           his
           Estate
           with
           Justice
           .
           And
           that
           is
           not
           done
           with
           harsh
           words
           ,
           but
           with
           a
           meekness
           that
           gains
           mens
           hearts
           ,
           and
           
           acts
           of
           good
           example
           ;
           for
           a
           generous
           Soul
           is
           easily
           drawn
           in
           to
           obey
           ,
           when
           the
           person
           who
           imposes
           the
           command
           is
           of
           good
           repute
           and
           example
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXI
           .
        
         
           THere
           happens
           one
           thing
           in
           the
           world
           which
           is
           worthy
           our
           serious
           observance
           ;
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           as
           among
           the
           good
           ,
           there
           is
           some
           one
           ,
           transcendently
           good
           ,
           so
           in
           like
           manner
           ,
           among
           the
           bad
           ,
           there
           is
           one
           transcendently
           such
           .
           But
           the
           misfortune
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           good
           person
           does
           not
           gain
           so
           much
           honour
           by
           his
           vertue
           ,
           as
           the
           lewd
           person
           does
           reputation
           by
           his
           lewdness
           ;
           in
           regard
           vertue
           renders
           a
           man
           naturally
           inclin'd
           to
           retirement
           ,
           whereas
           the
           vicious
           person
           never
           thinks
           better
           of
           himself
           ,
           than
           when
           he
           appears
           upon
           the
           Stage
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXII
           .
        
         
           PRinces
           ought
           not
           to
           betray
           their
           surprize
           and
           astonishment
           at
           any
           thing
           ,
           even
           when
           things
           seem
           to
           go
           most
           against
           them
           ;
           but
           they
           should
           obstinately
           stand
           upon
           the
           defence
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           expecting
           their
           neighbour
           Princes
           will
           find
           it
           their
           own
           interest
           to
           keep
           them
           up
           in
           their
           former
           station
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           over-growth
           of
           some
           ambitious
           Pretender
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXIII
           .
        
         
           THE
           person
           o'repress'd
           with
           calamities
           and
           disasters
           is
           always
           hearkning
           after
           some
           change
           of
           fortune
           ,
           whereas
           he
           who
           is
           at
           his
           ease
           does
           not
           so
           much
           as
           think
           of
           any
           alteration
           ;
           the
           litter
           is
           sufficiently
           satisfi'd
           with
           the
           present
           posture
           of
           his
           affairs
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           looks
           on
           Vicissitude
           as
           the
           only
           means
           to
           cause
           some
           amendment
           in
           his
           condition
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXIV
           .
        
         
           SOme
           wise
           men
           affirm
           ,
           that
           when
           the
           Commonwealth
           is
           upon
           the
           choice
           of
           a
           Governour
           ,
           they
           should
           be
           sure
           to
           pitch
           upon
           a
           person
           who
           has
           been
           at
           least
           ten
           years
           in
           the
           wars
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           he
           alone
           is
           most
           likely
           to
           be
           the
           best
           preserver
           of
           a
           desired
           peace
           ,
           who
           has
           been
           experimentally
           acquainted
           with
           the
           miseries
           and
           calamities
           consequent
           to
           War.
           
        
      
       
         
           LXV
           .
        
         
           NO
           doubt
           but
           that
           Prince
           does
           most
           wisely
           ,
           who
           regulates
           his
           affairs
           answerably
           to
           his
           Revenues
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           if
           he
           do
           not
           ,
           and
           his
           Territories
           be
           but
           small
           ,
           he
           must
           either
           run
           the
           hazard
           of
           losing
           what
           he
           is
           possess'd
           of
           ,
           or
           ,
           to
           keep
           himself
           up
           ,
           do
           those
           things
           that
           are
           burthensom
           to
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           so
           his
           Government
           must
           degenerate
           into
           Tyranny
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXVI
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           the
           greatest
           commendation
           that
           can
           be
           of
           the
           supream
           Magistrate
           ,
           to
           be
           conversant
           and
           familiar
           with
           the
           good
           ,
           (
           since
           that
           familiarity
           is
           the
           greatest
           incentive
           and
           encouragement
           that
           can
           be
           to
           goodness
           ;
           )
           to
           be
           liberal
           of
           his
           estate
           in
           doing
           of
           good
           works
           ,
           (
           it
           being
           notorious
           ,
           that
           he
           who
           values
           his
           reputation
           ,
           makes
           but
           little
           account
           of
           mony
           ;
           )
           to
           extirpate
           Tyranny
           (
           inasmuch
           as
           the
           concent
           and
           harmony
           of
           the
           Princes
           Government
           consists
           in
           the
           chastisement
           of
           the
           bad
           ,
           and
           the
           rewarding
           of
           the
           good
           ;
           )
           and
           to
           shew
           his
           munificence
           upon
           all
           occasions
           ;
           in
           regard
           there
           is
           not
           any
           thing
           more
           endears
           the
           Majesty
           of
           the
           Prince
           ,
           than
           when
           he
           makes
           all
           the
           demonstrations
           he
           can
           of
           his
           grandeur
           ,
           in
           relieving
           others
           ,
           and
           not
           expecting
           that
           he
           should
           derive
           great
           advantage
           from
           others
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXVII
           .
        
         
           TWO
           things
           render
           a
           City
           secure
           ,
           and
           highly
           contribute
           to
           the
           commendation
           and
           honour
           of
           its
           Governours
           ;
           the
           one
           ,
           when
           it
           is
           guarded
           by
           those
           whose
           Estates
           are
           the
           most
           considerable
           ,
           &
           is
           well
           provided
           with
           all
           things
           relating
           to
           the
           defensive
           part
           ;
           the
           other
           ,
           when
           there
           is
           a
           fair
           correspondence
           between
           its
           Governours
           and
           their
           Neighbours
           ;
           without
           which
           there
           cannot
           be
           a
           free
           intercourse
           of
           commerce
           ,
           and
           mutual
           supplies
           of
           all
           necessary
           provisions
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXVIII
           .
        
         
           A
           Soveraign
           Lord
           ,
           who
           would
           be
           obey'd
           ,
           will
           do
           well
           ,
           in
           the
           first
           place
           to
           conclude
           it
           necessary
           ,
           that
           when
           he
           commands
           ,
           he
           should
           make
           some
           discovery
           of
           his
           own
           personal
           observance
           thereof
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           no
           Lord
           is
           to
           propose
           that
           soveraignty
           
           to
           himself
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           exempted
           from
           the
           acts
           and
           exercises
           of
           Vertue
           ;
           especially
           since
           that
           the
           Prince
           ,
           being
           the
           mirrour
           of
           others
           ,
           is
           oblig'd
           so
           evidently
           and
           actually
           to
           apply
           himself
           thereto
           ,
           as
           that
           he
           himself
           should
           give
           example
           to
           those
           that
           are
           under
           his
           Government
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXIX
           .
        
         
           TO
           meet
           with
           some
           unexpected
           misfortune
           ,
           is
           a
           thing
           ,
           of
           its
           own
           nature
           ,
           not
           good
           ;
           yet
           may
           it
           accidentally
           contribute
           to
           the
           advantage
           of
           a
           person
           of
           sound
           understanding
           ;
           in
           as
           much
           as
           it
           may
           be
           an
           occasion
           to
           him
           of
           standing
           more
           strictly
           upon
           his
           guard
           ,
           in
           case
           the
           like
           accident
           may
           happen
           another
           time
           ,
           there
           being
           few
           who
           truly
           believe
           what
           evil
           is
           ,
           till
           they
           have
           had
           some
           experience
           thereof
           .
           Whence
           it
           comes
           ,
           that
           all
           persons
           not
           well
           vers'd
           in
           affairs
           proceed
           ordinarily
           either
           with
           too
           much
           negligence
           ,
           or
           
           too
           much
           presumption
           ;
           whereas
           he
           who
           has
           once
           weather'd
           out
           a
           disastrous
           chance
           ,
           becomes
           thereby
           so
           much
           the
           more
           cautious
           and
           considerate
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXX
           .
        
         
           PRinces
           will
           do
           well
           ,
           so
           to
           converse
           with
           their
           Subjects
           ,
           as
           that
           they
           may
           be
           induc'd
           to
           serve
           them
           rather
           out
           of
           a
           readiness
           of
           inclination
           ,
           than
           out
           of
           hopes
           of
           reward
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           the
           less
           respect
           men
           have
           for
           mony
           ,
           the
           less
           it
           implies
           of
           servitude
           .
           For
           he
           who
           loves
           another
           sincerely
           and
           generously
           ,
           does
           not
           become
           arrogant
           in
           prosperity
           ,
           nor
           flinches
           from
           him
           in
           adversity
           ;
           does
           not
           bemoan
           himself
           upon
           the
           consideration
           of
           poverty
           ,
           nor
           is
           cast
           down
           and
           disgusted
           at
           his
           not
           being
           much
           in
           favour
           ,
           nor
           recoyles
           in
           the
           time
           of
           persecution
           .
           In
           short
           ,
           there
           is
           a
           correspondence
           between
           Life
           and
           Love
           to
           the
           last
           gasp
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXXI
           .
        
         
           EVery
           State
           ought
           so
           to
           desire
           Peace
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           nevertheless
           diligent
           in
           the
           making
           of
           all
           Military
           preparations
           ;
           for
           peace
           without
           Arms
           is
           weak
           and
           indefensive
           .
           Thence
           it
           came
           ,
           that
           the
           Heathens
           represented
           even
           the
           Goddess
           of
           Arts
           and
           sciences
           armed
           ;
           and
           so
           ,
           to
           be
           desirous
           of
           peace
           and
           to
           carry
           on
           the
           preparatives
           of
           war
           ,
           are
           not
           things
           simply
           contradictory
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXII
           .
        
         
           HE
           truly
           understands
           the
           tender
           and
           transcendent
           concern
           of
           Friendship
           ,
           who
           obliges
           his
           friend
           before
           he
           be
           requir'd
           to
           do
           it
           .
           For
           in
           so
           doing
           ,
           he
           is
           not
           only
           generous
           in
           the
           disposal
           of
           his
           kindnesses
           ,
           but
           also
           causes
           them
           to
           be
           receiv'd
           with
           a
           greater
           sense
           of
           obligation
           ,
           by
           disburthening
           his
           friend
           of
           that
           bashfulness
           and
           fear
           of
           repulse
           ,
           which
           commonly
           attends
           asking
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXXIII
           .
        
         
           THat
           Prince
           does
           well
           who
           makes
           it
           his
           business
           to
           be
           well
           supply'd
           with
           prudent
           Commanders
           and
           persons
           eminent
           for
           their
           valour
           for
           the
           management
           of
           War
           :
           But
           no
           doubt
           ,
           he
           does
           better
           ,
           whose
           Court
           flourishes
           with
           wise
           Counsellors
           ,
           and
           Statesmen
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           the
           gaining
           of
           battels
           consists
           in
           the
           prowess
           and
           valorous
           deportment
           of
           many
           ,
           but
           it
           happens
           sometimes
           ,
           that
           the
           government
           of
           the
           Commonwealth
           is
           committed
           to
           the
           management
           of
           one
           particular
           person
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXIV
           .
        
         
           OF
           all
           employments
           the
           worst
           is
           that
           which
           is
           concern'd
           in
           the
           chastisement
           of
           other
           mens
           miscarriages
           ;
           and
           thence
           is
           it
           that
           a
           well-advis'd
           person
           does
           what
           lies
           in
           his
           power
           ,
           to
           avoid
           them
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           the
           reprehension
           of
           Vices
           does
           
           more
           commonly
           beget
           an
           aversion
           for
           the
           reprover
           ,
           than
           it
           does
           amendment
           in
           those
           that
           are
           reprov'd
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXV
           .
        
         
           EVery
           fault
           ,
           what
           excuse
           soever
           there
           may
           be
           for
           it
           ,
           is
           however
           condemnable
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           if
           it
           be
           committed
           out
           of
           a
           sudden
           sally
           of
           passion
           ,
           it
           is
           already
           a
           great
           miscarriage
           ,
           but
           if
           out
           of
           forethought
           and
           deliberation
           ,
           the
           mischief
           is
           so
           much
           the
           greater
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXVI
           .
        
         
           'T
           IS
           well
           done
           for
           a
           man
           to
           endeavour
           to
           manage
           all
           his
           concerns
           with
           reason
           ,
           and
           to
           carry
           on
           every
           enterprize
           by
           order
           ;
           but
           in
           the
           doing
           of
           it
           ,
           there
           is
           much
           difficulty
           .
           And
           yet
           considerate
           persons
           ,
           to
           compass
           what
           they
           have
           design'd
           ,
           will
           use
           such
           diligence
           and
           precaution
           ,
           as
           may
           prevent
           those
           inconveniences
           ;
           which
           ,
           for
           want
           
           thereof
           ,
           might
           otherwise
           ensue
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXVII
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           but
           reasonable
           ,
           that
           the
           Citizen
           ,
           who
           ,
           while
           he
           continu'd
           in
           the
           quality
           of
           a
           private
           person
           ,
           was
           affable
           and
           familiar
           with
           his
           friends
           ,
           should
           demean
           himself
           with
           an
           equal
           degree
           of
           affability
           and
           humanity
           towards
           them
           ,
           when
           he
           has
           put
           on
           the
           Robe
           of
           Magistracy
           .
           For
           as
           it
           is
           the
           character
           of
           a
           mean
           spirit
           to
           be
           arrogant
           upon
           the
           honours
           successively
           acquir'd
           by
           valorous
           atchievements
           ;
           so
           when
           a
           man
           grows
           proud
           upon
           his
           advancement
           to
           an
           Office
           ,
           whereof
           he
           must
           within
           a
           short
           time
           after
           be
           devested
           ,
           he
           betrays
           his
           indigence
           of
           modesty
           and
           vertue
           ,
           and
           little
           reflects
           ,
           that
           if
           mens
           exaltation
           to
           honours
           must
           change
           their
           manners
           ,
           humours
           ,
           and
           deportment
           ,
           it
           ought
           to
           change
           them
           for
           the
           better
           ,
           and
           not
           for
           the
           worse
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXXVIII
           .
        
         
           WHen
           persons
           of
           understanding
           propose
           to
           themselves
           the
           obtaining
           of
           somewhat
           which
           is
           not
           to
           be
           obtain'd
           without
           some
           difficulty
           ,
           they
           bethink
           themselves
           of
           the
           proper
           means
           to
           compass
           their
           ends
           .
           Many
           things
           are
           obtain'd
           ,
           by
           the
           dextrous
           and
           insinuating
           applications
           of
           those
           employ'd
           therein
           ;
           as
           appears
           frequently
           by
           the
           Negotiations
           of
           Ambassadors
           ,
           and
           other
           publick
           persons
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXIX
           .
        
         
           THE
           chief
           Commander
           of
           an
           Army
           ,
           besides
           his
           skill
           and
           experience
           in
           military
           affaires
           ,
           ought
           to
           be
           magnanimous
           ,
           of
           a
           sedate
           temper
           ,
           valiant
           ,
           liberal
           ,
           and
           prudent
           .
           It
           is
           expected
           from
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           stand
           upon
           his
           authority
           in
           the
           management
           of
           affairs
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           be
           grave
           in
           discourse
           ,
           and
           a
           
           punctual
           observer
           of
           his
           promises
           .
           When
           affairs
           of
           importance
           come
           into
           debate
           ,
           he
           ought
           to
           use
           all
           imaginable
           circumspection
           ,
           to
           deliberate
           with
           a
           mature
           judgement
           ,
           and
           then
           put
           things
           in
           execution
           with
           great
           diligence
           .
           His
           demeanour
           and
           countenance
           towards
           his
           Soldiers
           ought
           to
           be
           cheerful
           ,
           serene
           ,
           and
           obliging
           to
           all
           ,
           yet
           with
           a
           remembrance
           of
           his
           quality
           ,
           and
           the
           distance
           there
           is
           between
           them
           ;
           that
           so
           he
           may
           not
           ,
           by
           his
           excessive
           familiarity
           ,
           give
           his
           Army
           occasion
           to
           be
           disobedient
           and
           undisciplin'd
           ;
           nor
           disgust
           it
           ,
           by
           being
           too
           morose
           and
           severe
           .
           And
           whereas
           the
           good
           affections
           of
           the
           Souldiery
           is
           the
           most
           certain
           hope
           he
           has
           for
           the
           obtaining
           of
           a
           victory
           ,
           it
           ought
           to
           be
           his
           constant
           endeavour
           not
           only
           that
           they
           should
           bear
           him
           the
           reverence
           and
           respect
           due
           to
           his
           character
           ,
           but
           also
           that
           they
           should
           have
           a
           mutual
           kindness
           one
           for
           another
           ,
           and
           be
           sensible
           of
           their
           being
           
           members
           of
           the
           same
           body
           ;
           rewarding
           those
           who
           merit
           it
           ,
           and
           disgracing
           and
           punishing
           the
           neglectors
           of
           their
           duty
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXX
           .
        
         
           THE
           power
           of
           Fortune
           (
           by
           that
           name
           did
           the
           Heathens
           call
           the
           secret
           and
           not
           ordinarily
           perceptible
           disposition
           of
           the
           extraordinary
           works
           of
           God
           )
           is
           of
           wonderful
           consequence
           in
           humane
           accidents
           ,
           but
           especially
           in
           the
           case
           of
           War
           and
           Armes
           .
           So
           that
           a
           Command
           not
           rightly
           understood
           ,
           an
           Order
           not
           well
           executed
           ,
           some
           temerarious
           action
           ,
           or
           the
           voice
           of
           an
           ordinary
           Souldier
           ,
           does
           many
           times
           transfer
           the
           victory
           to
           those
           who
           before
           seem'd
           vanquish'd
           .
           And
           that
           causes
           of
           a
           sudden
           an
           infinite
           number
           of
           accidents
           ,
           which
           it
           is
           impossible
           to
           foresee
           ,
           or
           remedy
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXXXI
           .
        
         
           MEN
           are
           never
           more
           easily
           deceiv'd
           ,
           than
           they
           are
           by
           those
           who
           have
           the
           reputation
           of
           being
           most
           sincere
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           at
           the
           greatest
           distance
           from
           deceiving
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXXII
           .
        
         
           THE
           greater
           and
           more
           important
           things
           are
           ,
           the
           more
           apt
           are
           men
           to
           discourse
           of
           them
           ,
           never
           minding
           how
           closely
           they
           keep
           to
           the
           truth
           ,
           or
           how
           far
           they
           receed
           from
           it
           .
           There
           are
           some
           who
           believe
           ,
           and
           hold
           to
           be
           most
           certain
           ,
           what
           they
           have
           heard
           ,
           not
           regarding
           whether
           it
           be
           true
           or
           false
           .
           Others
           ,
           though
           a
           thing
           be
           ever
           so
           true
           ,
           relate
           it
           otherwise
           than
           it
           is
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           Time
           making
           some
           additionals
           to
           the
           story
           ,
           the
           thing
           is
           much
           augmented
           beyond
           what
           was
           reported
           at
           the
           first
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           LXXXIII
           .
        
         
           TO
           come
           into
           favour
           and
           authority
           ,
           one
           while
           by
           ostentation
           and
           munificence
           ,
           another
           while
           by
           industry
           and
           vigilance
           ,
           are
           two
           ways
           equally
           prejudicial
           and
           pernicious
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           practis'd
           subtilly
           in
           order
           to
           a
           mans
           advancement
           to
           Government
           .
           Thence
           came
           it
           that
           wise
           men
           have
           affirm'd
           ,
           that
           the
           tracks
           leading
           to
           principality
           are
           steepy
           and
           difficult
           ,
           but
           when
           once
           men
           are
           gotten
           into
           them
           ,
           every
           thing
           helps
           and
           sets
           them
           forward
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXXIV
           .
        
         
           IT
           cannot
           be
           easily
           imagin'd
           ,
           whence
           it
           comes
           that
           Princes
           are
           so
           favourable
           to
           some
           ,
           and
           so
           cross
           and
           inflexible
           to
           others
           ;
           to
           wit
           ,
           whether
           there
           be
           in
           that
           some
           secret
           of
           nature
           ,
           or
           that
           it
           lies
           in
           our
           power
           to
           keep
           our selves
           in
           a
           mean
           ,
           so
           as
           that
           we
           may
           not
           too
           obstinately
           
           oppose
           the
           inclinations
           of
           him
           who
           governs
           ,
           and
           yet
           withal
           ,
           that
           we
           forbear
           precipitating
           our selves
           into
           a
           scandalous
           adulation
           ,
           and
           a
           kind
           of
           servile
           deportment
           ,
           but
           that
           we
           observe
           such
           a
           moderation
           as
           neither
           to
           crouch
           to
           ambition
           ,
           nor
           be
           over
           desirous
           of
           honour
           ,
           and
           by
           that
           means
           pass
           our
           lives
           with
           more
           security
           ,
           and
           less
           danger
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXXV
           .
        
         
           THere
           are
           but
           few
           that
           can
           by
           prudent
           advertisements
           distinguish
           between
           good
           and
           evil
           ,
           between
           what
           is
           profitable
           ,
           and
           what
           is
           prejudicial
           ,
           but
           follow
           the
           ordinary
           road
           of
           growing
           better
           ,
           and
           more
           cautious
           ,
           by
           the
           knowledge
           which
           they
           derive
           from
           the
           common
           events
           of
           things
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXXVI
           .
        
         
           THose
           things
           that
           are
           foreseen
           prove
           much
           less
           hurtful
           ,
           than
           
           those
           whereof
           we
           have
           no
           preapprehension
           at
           all
           .
           He
           therefore
           may
           be
           accounted
           a
           person
           of
           a
           sound
           understanding
           and
           excellent
           temper
           ,
           who
           has
           the
           government
           of
           himelf
           ,
           and
           as
           with
           an
           unstartled
           spirit
           ,
           entertains
           the
           arrival
           of
           sudden
           and
           unexpected
           accidents
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXXVII
           .
        
         
           THough
           the
           particular
           thoughts
           and
           imaginations
           of
           every
           one
           be
           known
           only
           to
           God
           himself
           ,
           yet
           the
           natural
           inclinations
           of
           a
           people
           or
           a
           Province
           is
           a
           thing
           obvious
           and
           easy
           to
           be
           known
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           their
           actions
           being
           publick
           ,
           they
           must
           needs
           thereby
           discover
           their
           intentions
           and
           affections
           ;
           from
           which
           prudent
           men
           will
           be
           able
           to
           give
           a
           character
           of
           them
           accordingly
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXXVIII
           .
        
         
           SUbjects
           are
           much
           more
           satisfi'd
           to
           have
           their
           Prince
           near
           them
           ,
           
           than
           at
           a
           great
           distance
           from
           them
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           there
           accrew
           thence
           two
           considerable
           advantages
           ;
           one
           ,
           that
           the
           truly
           loyal
           ,
           and
           well
           affected
           ,
           being
           more
           immediately
           under
           his
           protection
           ,
           are
           so
           much
           the
           more
           engag'd
           to
           his
           service
           ;
           the
           other
           ,
           that
           the
           pernicious
           designes
           of
           turbulent
           persons
           are
           the
           more
           easily
           prevented
           .
        
      
       
         
           LXXXIX
           .
        
         
           A
           Commander
           in
           chief
           ought
           to
           to
           acquire
           reputation
           ,
           not
           by
           the
           hardships
           and
           dangers
           of
           others
           (
           as
           many
           do
           )
           but
           by
           the
           sweat
           and
           hazard
           of
           his
           own
           person
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           interposition
           of
           his
           own
           vertue
           .
           And
           whereas
           it
           is
           no
           less
           honourable
           to
           terminate
           a
           War
           by
           Counsel
           ,
           than
           to
           put
           a
           period
           thereto
           by
           Arms
           ,
           he
           ought
           to
           use
           both
           means
           ,
           and
           should
           principally
           reflect
           ,
           that
           the
           first
           successes
           are
           those
           which
           rendor
           him
           most
           dreadful
           to
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           
           or
           ,
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           despicable
           and
           of
           little
           repute
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           ,
           for
           the
           most
           part
           ,
           such
           as
           the
           beginning
           is
           ,
           such
           is
           the
           issue
           .
        
      
       
         
           XC
           .
        
         
           AS
           it
           is
           a
           thing
           unquestionably
           certain
           ,
           that
           Victories
           are
           gain'd
           by
           preventions
           and
           diversions
           ,
           so
           is
           it
           withal
           certain
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           at
           a
           great
           distance
           from
           good
           counsel
           ,
           who
           ,
           without
           evident
           necessity
           ,
           transfers
           the
           War
           ,
           which
           another
           had
           been
           first
           engag'd
           in
           ,
           to
           himself
           .
        
      
       
         
           XCI
           .
        
         
           A
           Person
           of
           comprehensive
           parts
           ,
           who
           can
           husband
           time
           well
           ,
           has
           no
           reason
           to
           complain
           that
           his
           life
           is
           too
           short
           ;
           for
           he
           who
           makes
           advantage
           of
           the
           infinite
           occasions
           that
           present
           themselves
           to
           him
           does
           anticipate
           Time
           it self
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XCII
           .
        
         
           LIberty
           is
           a
           thing
           makes
           a
           great
           noise
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           yet
           few
           truly
           understand
           wherein
           it
           consists
           .
           But
           of
           all
           kinds
           of
           Liberty
           ,
           that
           of
           Persuasion
           is
           the
           most
           desir'd
           by
           all
           ,
           in
           so
           much
           that
           to
           gain
           it
           ,
           some
           would
           rather
           be
           transplanted
           to
           people
           Solitudes
           ,
           than
           smother
           their
           discontents
           to
           live
           in
           well-govern'd
           Societies
           .
        
      
       
         
           XCIII
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           desires
           to
           be
           in
           favour
           with
           his
           Superiour
           ought
           to
           make
           all
           the
           discoveries
           he
           can
           of
           the
           respect
           and
           reverence
           he
           bears
           him
           ;
           for
           if
           there
           be
           once
           a
           failure
           in
           that
           ,
           the
           endearing
           correspondence
           between
           Superiours
           and
           Inferiours
           is
           immediately
           dissolv'd
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XCIV
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           is
           entrusted
           with
           the
           custody
           of
           a
           City
           which
           expects
           a
           Siege
           ,
           ought
           above
           all
           things
           ,
           to
           be
           think
           himself
           of
           all
           the
           remedies
           which
           may
           protract
           time
           ,
           and
           to
           cut
           off
           all
           opportunities
           ,
           though
           ever
           so
           small
           ,
           from
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           inasmuch
           as
           many
           times
           one
           day
           ,
           nay
           one
           hour
           ,
           produces
           some
           accident
           which
           may
           occasion
           the
           relief
           of
           it
           .
        
      
       
         
           XCV
           .
        
         
           HE
           is
           easily
           deceiv'd
           who
           relies
           on
           the
           first
           advertisement
           he
           receives
           of
           some
           accident
           that
           hath
           happen'd
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           commonly
           the
           effects
           are
           not
           aswerable
           to
           the
           first
           advices
           that
           come
           .
           He
           therefore
           who
           is
           not
           forc'd
           by
           necessity
           to
           do
           otherwise
           ,
           ought
           to
           expect
           several
           confirmations
           thereof
           ,
           ere
           he
           takes
           up
           his
           final
           resolution
           ,
           what
           he
           ought
           to
           do
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           XCVI
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           a
           dangerous
           thing
           to
           be
           govern'd
           by
           examples
           ,
           if
           there
           be
           not
           a
           concurrence
           in
           the
           general
           ,
           and
           also
           in
           all
           the
           particulars
           of
           the
           same
           reasons
           to
           be
           consider'd
           .
           The
           same
           may
           be
           said
           ,
           if
           things
           be
           not
           regulated
           by
           the
           same
           prudential
           motives
           and
           reflections
           ;
           and
           withal
           ,
           if
           there
           be
           not
           a
           combination
           of
           all
           the
           other
           inducements
           ,
           and
           the
           accidents
           and
           success
           consequent
           thereto
           .
        
      
       
         
           XCVII
           .
        
         
           AS
           it
           is
           a
           servile
           act
           for
           any
           man
           to
           be
           a
           slave
           to
           his
           affections
           ;
           so
           ,
           to
           subdue
           anger
           ,
           the
           great
           disturber
           of
           counsel
           ;
           to
           be
           moderate
           in
           Victory
           ,
           which
           ,
           of
           its
           own
           nature
           ,
           is
           insolent
           and
           haughty
           ;
           to
           be
           absolute
           master
           of
           ones
           self
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           devoir
           of
           a
           well
           temper'd
           and
           generous
           soul
           ;
           to
           exercise
           humanity
           ,
           meekness
           ,
           and
           liberality
           towards
           
           an
           Enemy
           ,
           is
           a
           thing
           truly
           royal
           ,
           divine
           ,
           and
           worthy
           of
           eternal
           memory
           .
        
      
       
         
           XCVIII
           .
        
         
           THere
           is
           not
           any
           thing
           more
           becoming
           or
           more
           necessary
           to
           a
           Prince
           ,
           than
           to
           be
           just
           ,
           liberal
           ,
           and
           benevolent
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           it
           is
           the
           inseparable
           ;
           attribute
           of
           Grandeur
           and
           Power
           to
           relieve
           the
           oppressed
           ,
           and
           to
           alleviate
           the
           calamities
           of
           others
           ;
           and
           this
           especially
           in
           Kings
           ,
           who
           ,
           by
           such
           acts
           ,
           approach
           so
           much
           the
           nearer
           the
           Divinity
           ,
           whose
           living
           images
           they
           are
           ,
           upon
           the
           score
           of
           their
           supereminent
           rank
           .
        
      
       
         
           XCIX
           .
        
         
           PErsons
           of
           lewd
           inclinations
           have
           always
           some
           opportunity
           of
           doing
           evil
           ,
           and
           though
           they
           do
           it
           not
           ,
           yet
           is
           it
           not
           so
           great
           a
           satisfaction
           to
           others
           ,
           to
           see
           that
           they
           do
           not
           commit
           those
           enormities
           which
           they
           
           might
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           an
           affliction
           ,
           to
           think
           that
           it
           is
           in
           their
           power
           to
           commit
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
           C.
           
        
         
           THat
           Commonwealth
           wherein
           there
           is
           justice
           duly
           administred
           for
           the
           poor
           ,
           chastisement
           for
           such
           as
           are
           insolent
           and
           tyrannically
           inclin'd
           ,
           an
           exact
           observance
           of
           weights
           and
           measures
           ,
           as
           to
           those
           things
           which
           concern
           the
           sustentation
           of
           humane
           life
           ,
           discipline
           and
           exercise
           for
           the
           younger
           sort
           ,
           and
           as
           little
           avarice
           as
           may
           be
           in
           those
           that
           are
           advanc'd
           in
           age
           ,
           must
           needs
           be
           an
           excellent
           constitution
           of
           Government
           .
        
      
       
         
           CI.
           
        
         
           LET
           not
           any
           Prince
           think
           that
           the
           choice
           of
           a
           Tutor
           for
           his
           Son
           is
           a
           thing
           of
           small
           importance
           .
           For
           in
           that
           case
           ,
           his
           diligence
           and
           circumspection
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           greater
           ,
           in
           that
           he
           is
           not
           to
           do
           in
           this
           ,
           as
           in
           
           other
           Offices
           which
           are
           bestow'd
           either
           upon
           the
           mediation
           of
           others
           ,
           or
           by
           corruption
           ,
           or
           importunity
           or
           friendship
           ,
           or
           for
           a
           reward
           of
           some
           services
           already
           done
           :
           in
           regard
           that
           though
           some
           one
           of
           his
           Courtiers
           has
           manag'd
           an
           Embassy
           with
           good
           success
           ,
           or
           been
           General
           of
           an
           Army
           ,
           or
           some
           great
           Officer
           about
           the
           Prince's
           person
           ,
           or
           relating
           to
           his
           Houshold
           ,
           yet
           does
           it
           not
           follow
           that
           such
           a
           person
           is
           fit
           to
           teach
           his
           Son.
           The
           reason
           is
           ,
           that
           for
           a
           man
           to
           be
           an
           Ambassador
           ,
           or
           General
           ,
           it
           requires
           only
           in
           the
           former
           a
           good
           stock
           of
           dexterity
           and
           dissimulation
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           latter
           ,
           that
           he
           have
           valour
           and
           good
           fortune
           ;
           but
           to
           be
           Governour
           to
           a
           Prince
           ,
           it
           is
           requisite
           ,
           that
           he
           have
           all
           the
           accomplishments
           ,
           and
           qualifications
           ,
           suitable
           to
           the
           education
           of
           a
           person
           of
           that
           transcendent
           dignity
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CII
           .
        
         
           IN
           the
           disastrous
           accidents
           of
           our
           life
           ,
           wherein
           our
           own
           industry
           and
           strength
           are
           of
           little
           account
           ,
           the
           only
           remedy
           we
           have
           ,
           is
           to
           look
           on
           the
           worst
           of
           misfortunes
           as
           things
           not
           incompatible
           with
           the
           condition
           of
           humanity
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           so
           far
           prudent
           ,
           as
           to
           smother
           our
           resentments
           thereof
           .
        
      
       
         
           CIII
           .
        
         
           BEtween
           two
           Princes
           ,
           the
           one
           addicted
           to
           the
           exercises
           of
           vertue
           ,
           the
           other
           complying
           with
           the
           suggestions
           of
           vice
           ,
           there
           is
           this
           difference
           ,
           that
           the
           latter
           is
           only
           obey'd
           ,
           but
           the
           former
           is
           both
           obey'd
           and
           belov'd
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           good
           and
           vertuous
           Prince
           makes
           the
           most
           difficult
           enterprises
           seem
           light
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           the
           Tyrant
           makes
           the
           lightest
           seem
           most
           heavy
           .
           Happy
           therefore
           is
           he
           who
           is
           obey'd
           ,
           but
           
           much
           more
           happy
           he
           who
           is
           both
           obey'd
           and
           belov'd
           ;
           for
           the
           body
           grows
           weary
           of
           obeying
           ,
           but
           the
           mind
           is
           never
           wearied
           nor
           cloy'd
           with
           loving
           .
        
      
       
         
           CIV
           .
        
         
           THere
           is
           one
           thing
           which
           a
           wise
           Prince
           will
           always
           be
           mindful
           of
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           ,
           in
           the
           management
           of
           the
           publick
           affairs
           ,
           his
           Governours
           and
           Judges
           never
           permit
           the
           abrogation
           of
           ancient
           Customes
           ,
           nor
           the
           introduction
           of
           new
           ones
           ;
           in
           regard
           the
           Populace
           is
           commonly
           so
           humorous
           and
           extravagant
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           every
           day
           have
           new
           Princes
           ,
           and
           new
           Laws
           .
        
      
       
         
           CV
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           an
           easy
           matter
           to
           design
           what
           a
           man
           would
           have
           done
           by
           another
           person
           ,
           and
           by
           what
           means
           it
           is
           most
           likely
           to
           be
           brought
           to
           effect
           ;
           but
           to
           command
           the
           execution
           thereof
           
           is
           no
           slight
           thing
           ,
           inasmuch
           as
           between
           those
           two
           there
           are
           many
           things
           which
           obstruct
           ,
           retard
           ,
           and
           disturb
           such
           executions
           .
        
      
       
         
           CVI.
           
        
         
           'T
           IS
           a
           thing
           out
           of
           all
           dispute
           ,
           as
           Aristotle
           affirms
           in
           his
           Rhetorick
           ,
           that
           Riches
           do
           often
           render
           those
           persons
           ,
           that
           are
           possess'd
           thereof
           ,
           proud
           and
           insolent
           :
           but
           he
           who
           shall
           wisely
           consider
           it
           ,
           will
           say
           with
           Seneca
           ,
           that
           none
           is
           more
           worthy
           ,
           none
           makes
           greater
           approaches
           to
           the
           Divinity
           ,
           than
           he
           who
           makes
           no
           account
           of
           riches
           ;
           which
           ,
           saies
           he
           ,
           I
           am
           far
           from
           affirming
           that
           thou
           shouldst
           not
           be
           possess'd
           of
           ,
           but
           I
           would
           have
           thee
           possess'd
           thereof
           without
           any
           fear
           ,
           distraction
           ,
           or
           disturbance
           .
           Which
           happiness
           thou
           art
           not
           to
           acquire
           ,
           but
           by
           this
           only
           expedient
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           by
           a
           firm
           persuasion
           ,
           that
           thou
           canst
           live
           happily
           without
           them
           ,
           and
           that
           thou
           shouldst
           
           always
           look
           on
           them
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           were
           taking
           their
           flight
           away
           from
           thee
           .
        
      
       
         
           CVII
           .
        
         
           WHat
           presumption
           soever
           a
           man
           may
           have
           of
           his
           own
           abilities
           ,
           yet
           ought
           he
           not
           so
           to
           rely
           on
           his
           own
           counsel
           ,
           as
           that
           sometimes
           it
           may
           not
           be
           more
           safe
           for
           him
           to
           submit
           to
           that
           of
           others
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           he
           who
           is
           asham'd
           of
           consulting
           ,
           and
           defies
           the
           conduct
           and
           directions
           of
           another
           ,
           may
           assure
           himself
           ,
           for
           the
           most
           part
           ,
           that
           he
           has
           a
           fool
           to
           his
           Guide
           ,
           and
           consequently
           that
           he
           must
           needs
           be
           guilty
           of
           many
           miscarriages
           .
        
      
       
         
           CVIII
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           not
           prudence
           to
           judge
           of
           Counsels
           by
           the
           event
           of
           things
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           many
           times
           good
           Counsels
           have
           not
           an
           issue
           answerable
           thereto
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           evil
           Counsels
           
           may
           prove
           fortunate
           .
           But
           when
           evil
           Counsels
           are
           applauded
           ,
           upon
           the
           score
           of
           their
           being
           successful
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           secret
           encouragement
           for
           men
           to
           do
           those
           things
           that
           are
           unjust
           ,
           which
           may
           prove
           highly
           prejudicial
           to
           the
           Commonwealth
           ,
           inasmuch
           as
           evil
           Counsels
           are
           not
           always
           fortunate
           ;
           and
           there
           is
           also
           another
           fault
           in
           blaming
           and
           censuring
           the
           more
           prudent
           Party
           ,
           whose
           advertisements
           have
           not
           had
           the
           success
           which
           was
           expected
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           such
           a
           procedure
           disheartens
           the
           Citizens
           from
           giving
           their
           opinions
           freely
           ,
           when
           the
           publick
           concerns
           of
           their
           City
           requires
           it
           .
        
      
       
         
           CIX
           .
        
         
           WHen
           it
           happens
           that
           there
           is
           a
           necessity
           of
           denying
           some
           person
           his
           request
           ,
           it
           is
           but
           requisite
           ,
           to
           keep
           the
           said
           person
           from
           being
           disgusted
           ,
           and
           to
           assure
           him
           of
           the
           good
           will
           they
           bear
           him
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           
           some
           other
           overture
           to
           him
           ,
           so
           that
           he
           may
           thereby
           perceive
           that
           they
           have
           a
           respect
           for
           him
           ,
           and
           would
           gladly
           oblige
           him
           .
           Upon
           this
           demeanour
           ,
           the
           other
           ,
           if
           he
           have
           any
           sentiment
           of
           humanity
           ,
           will
           be
           as
           much
           ,
           if
           not
           more
           ,
           satisfi'd
           ,
           than
           if
           his
           request
           had
           been
           granted
           :
           So
           great
           an
           influence
           have
           kind
           words
           and
           an
           obliging
           carriage
           over
           the
           minds
           of
           good
           natur'd
           persons
           .
        
      
       
         
           CX
           .
        
         
           IN
           publick
           affairs
           it
           is
           requisite
           that
           men
           be
           extreamly
           careful
           and
           considerate
           at
           the
           beginning
           of
           what
           they
           design
           ;
           in
           regard
           it
           will
           not
           be
           afterwards
           in
           their
           power
           without
           dishonour
           and
           danger
           ,
           to
           receed
           from
           the
           deliberation
           once
           fixt
           upon
           ,
           and
           in
           which
           they
           have
           for
           some
           time
           persisted
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXI
           .
        
         
           WHat
           is
           wish'd
           by
           the
           greater
           number
           does
           not
           often
           succeed
           in
           regard
           that
           for
           the
           most
           part
           the
           events
           of
           humane
           actions
           depend
           on
           the
           wills
           of
           few
           ;
           and
           the
           intentions
           of
           these
           latter
           being
           in
           a
           manner
           always
           different
           from
           those
           of
           the
           greater
           number
           ,
           things
           seldome
           happen
           otherwise
           than
           according
           to
           the
           intention
           of
           those
           from
           whose
           directions
           they
           derive
           their
           first
           motion
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXII
           .
        
         
           NEutrality
           is
           most
           commendable
           in
           the
           Wars
           wherein
           other
           parties
           are
           engag'd
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           many
           inconveniences
           and
           great
           charges
           are
           thereby
           avoided
           ;
           and
           it
           may
           be
           time
           enough
           to
           be
           concern'd
           for
           either
           party
           ,
           when
           success
           seems
           to
           intimate
           which
           side
           is
           most
           likely
           to
           prevail
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXIII
           .
        
         
           THE
           clemency
           of
           Princes
           hath
           always
           gain'd
           them
           good-will
           and
           reputation
           ;
           and
           ,
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           rigour
           ,
           (
           if
           there
           be
           not
           some
           extraordinary
           necessity
           for
           it
           )
           has
           always
           produc'd
           the
           contrary
           effects
           ,
           and
           instead
           of
           removing
           the
           obstacles
           and
           difficulties
           ,
           which
           lay
           in
           their
           way
           ,
           it
           has
           made
           some
           additionals
           thereto
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXIV
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           more
           wisely
           done
           for
           a
           man
           to
           court
           his
           friendship
           who
           is
           unwilling
           to
           become
           his
           Enemy
           ,
           than
           to
           curry
           favour
           with
           him
           ,
           who
           one
           time
           or
           other
           cannot
           be
           his
           Friend
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXV
           .
        
         
           THere
           are
           three
           principal
           considerations
           to
           be
           minded
           in
           the
           carrying
           on
           of
           all
           Enterprises
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           
           the
           justice
           of
           the
           Cause
           ,
           the
           facility
           of
           the
           Victory
           to
           be
           obtain'd
           ,
           and
           the
           conveniences
           and
           advantages
           accruing
           thereby
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXVI
           .
        
         
           THere
           is
           not
           any
           thing
           so
           short-liv'd
           as
           the
           remembrance
           of
           a
           Benefit
           ,
           and
           many
           times
           ,
           the
           greater
           it
           is
           ,
           the
           more
           likely
           it
           is
           to
           be
           repay'd
           with
           ingratitude
           .
           For
           ,
           he
           who
           is
           not
           willing
           to
           take
           off
           the
           obligation
           ,
           by
           retaliation
           or
           remuneration
           ,
           often
           endeavours
           to
           do
           the
           same
           thing
           in
           another
           sense
           ,
           perswading
           himself
           ,
           that
           the
           good
           turn
           was
           not
           so
           great
           ;
           and
           they
           who
           are
           asham'd
           of
           their
           having
           been
           reduc'd
           to
           the
           necessity
           of
           desiring
           a
           kindness
           ,
           are
           vext
           and
           tormented
           in
           their
           minds
           that
           they
           have
           receiv'd
           it
           .
           So
           that
           the
           remembrance
           of
           the
           necessity
           into
           which
           they
           were
           fallen
           makes
           a
           greater
           impression
           upon
           them
           ,
           than
           that
           of
           the
           Obligation
           
           which
           had
           been
           layd
           upon
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXVII
           .
        
         
           MAny
           are
           the
           inconveniences
           that
           happen
           in
           the
           Armies
           of
           confederated
           parties
           ;
           while
           they
           are
           concerting
           their
           designes
           ,
           the
           opportunity
           of
           entring
           into
           action
           slips
           away
           ,
           their
           preparatives
           are
           delay'd
           ,
           interrupted
           ,
           and
           diverted
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           forces
           ,
           aimes
           ,
           and
           counsels
           of
           the
           Princes
           concern'd
           ,
           so
           that
           it
           must
           needs
           prove
           a
           hard
           matter
           to
           make
           a
           firm
           union
           ,
           where
           there
           is
           so
           much
           disorder
           and
           distrust
           ,
           and
           withal
           so
           great
           a
           diversity
           of
           inclinations
           ,
           and
           courages
           ,
           and
           varieties
           of
           conditions
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXVIII
           .
        
         
           'T
           IS
           the
           natural
           humour
           of
           the
           Populace
           to
           be
           always
           desirous
           of
           novelties
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           easily
           fill'd
           with
           false
           and
           vain
           persuasions
           ,
           
           lightly
           hurry'd
           away
           with
           the
           insinuations
           of
           those
           who
           have
           once
           set
           them
           on
           work
           ,
           as
           the
           waves
           of
           the
           Sea
           are
           stir'd
           by
           the
           blowing
           of
           the
           wind
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXIX
           .
        
         
           SO
           extravagant
           is
           the
           nature
           of
           mankind
           ,
           that
           when
           they
           are
           forc'd
           out
           of
           one
           extreme
           ,
           wherein
           they
           have
           been
           violently
           detain'd
           ,
           they
           ride
           in
           full
           speed
           to
           the
           other
           extreme
           ,
           without
           ever
           making
           the
           least
           halt
           in
           the
           mean.
           
        
      
       
         
           CXX
           .
        
         
           THere
           is
           one
           thing
           highly
           considerable
           in
           military
           concerns
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           the
           Reputation
           of
           the
           chief
           Commanders
           .
           Assoon
           as
           this
           begins
           once
           to
           decline
           ,
           the
           souldiery
           is
           immediately
           discourag'd
           ;
           the
           loyalty
           of
           the
           Nations
           concern'd
           is
           shaken
           ;
           there
           follow
           distraction
           and
           distrust
           in
           Counsels
           ,
           and
           want
           of
           a
           hearty
           
           and
           cheerful
           concurrence
           in
           Action
           ;
           the
           provision
           for
           the
           Army's
           subsistence
           is
           interrupted
           ;
           and
           on
           the
           contrary
           the
           Enemy
           is
           heartned
           ,
           those
           who
           were
           content
           to
           observe
           a
           Neutrality
           ,
           are
           apt
           to
           incline
           to
           the
           successful
           party
           ,
           and
           all
           difficulties
           grow
           greater
           and
           greater
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXI
           .
        
         
           IN
           human
           Actions
           men
           ought
           for
           the
           most
           part
           to
           make
           their
           Counsels
           complyant
           with
           the
           present
           Necessity
           ,
           and
           not
           ,
           out
           of
           an
           over-earnestness
           to
           overcome
           that
           which
           is
           too
           difficult
           ,
           and
           as
           it
           were
           impossible
           ,
           to
           expose
           the
           generality
           to
           a
           manifest
           danger
           and
           inconvenience
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXII
           .
        
         
           WE
           find
           many
           times
           by
           experience
           ,
           that
           those
           things
           which
           at
           the
           first
           prospect
           present
           themselves
           as
           highly
           dreadful
           ,
           appear
           by
           degrees
           
           so
           much
           the
           less
           considerable
           ,
           that
           ,
           if
           the
           former
           errour
           be
           not
           renew'd
           by
           some
           additional
           accident
           ,
           all
           the
           terrour
           in
           process
           of
           time
           vanishes
           ,
           and
           we
           are
           induc'd
           to
           laugh
           and
           wonder
           at
           our
           former
           astonishment
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXIII
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           finds
           that
           there
           is
           no
           account
           made
           of
           him
           ,
           gives
           way
           to
           disgust
           ,
           and
           that
           inspires
           him
           with
           thoughts
           of
           revenge
           ,
           and
           inclines
           him
           to
           attempt
           dangerous
           things
           ,
           which
           sometimes
           meet
           with
           their
           design'd
           effect
           ;
           especially
           when
           the
           person
           who
           is
           become
           so
           daring
           is
           of
           any
           authority
           ,
           or
           remarkable
           for
           some
           extraordinary
           qualification
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXIV
           .
        
         
           ALL
           subjection
           is
           burthensome
           ,
           all
           restriction
           is
           insupportable
           to
           him
           who
           would
           live
           as
           he
           pleases
           himself
           .
           A
           person
           of
           that
           humour
           
           can
           find
           but
           little
           quiet
           under
           a
           regular
           Government
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           there
           is
           a
           necessity
           either
           of
           his
           complyance
           which
           the
           Prince
           ,
           or
           of
           his
           ruin
           by
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXV
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           commonly
           observ'd
           ,
           that
           a
           resolution
           taken
           either
           too
           hastily
           ,
           or
           with
           too
           much
           affection
           comes
           off
           with
           a
           slur
           .
           For
           the
           much
           celerity
           of
           the
           resolver
           does
           not
           allow
           him
           the
           leisure
           to
           reflect
           on
           those
           things
           which
           ought
           to
           be
           consider'd
           ,
           before
           the
           resolution
           be
           taken
           ;
           and
           the
           excessive
           affection
           so
           prepossesses
           the
           mind
           ,
           that
           it
           does
           not
           take
           notice
           of
           any
           thing
           but
           what
           is
           most
           pressing
           in
           such
           or
           such
           a
           point
           .
           To
           these
           two
           examples
           may
           be
           added
           two
           others
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           in
           these
           cases
           ,
           when
           there
           is
           time
           enough
           to
           deliberate
           ,
           and
           the
           person
           deliberating
           is
           unprepossess'd
           with
           any
           particular
           affection
           ,
           yet
           out
           of
           a
           certain
           natural
           
           incapacity
           ,
           or
           through
           an
           insuperable
           kind
           of
           remisness
           or
           debility
           of
           spirit
           ,
           remarkable
           through
           all
           their
           actions
           ,
           they
           never
           do
           any
           thing
           that
           holds
           water
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXVI
           .
        
         
           WHen
           affairs
           are
           reduc'd
           to
           the
           extremity
           ,
           as
           that
           there
           remains
           nothing
           for
           hope
           to
           rely
           upon
           but
           the
           pure
           Providence
           of
           God
           ,
           the
           prosecution
           of
           the
           adventure
           in
           such
           a
           case
           must
           be
           look'd
           on
           as
           the
           result
           of
           reason
           and
           prudence
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           we
           ought
           to
           attempt
           the
           danger
           ,
           not
           minding
           how
           little
           ground
           there
           presents
           it self
           to
           humane
           prudence
           .
           For
           God
           many
           times
           takes
           a
           certain
           delight
           in
           sending
           a
           spirit
           of
           infatuation
           upon
           the
           counsels
           and
           designs
           of
           some
           people
           ,
           and
           making
           those
           calamities
           which
           they
           intended
           to
           bring
           on
           others
           to
           recoyle
           upon
           themselves
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXXVII
           .
        
         
           THE
           greater
           a
           man's
           credit
           and
           reputation
           is
           amongst
           the
           generality
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           the
           more
           dangerous
           it
           is
           to
           support
           and
           advance
           him
           .
           As
           therefore
           it
           is
           an
           easy
           matter
           at
           the
           beginning
           to
           oppose
           the
           disorders
           which
           may
           ensue
           thereupon
           ,
           so
           when
           they
           are
           come
           to
           any
           growth
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           so
           much
           the
           more
           difficult
           to
           remedy
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXVIII
           .
        
         
           THE
           exercise
           of
           Arms
           ,
           the
           observance
           of
           the
           Lawes
           ,
           and
           the
           frequent
           celebration
           of
           Divine
           Service
           ,
           in
           a
           well
           regulated
           City
           cannot
           ordinarily
           be
           separated
           ,
           without
           the
           destruction
           of
           them
           all
           .
           So
           that
           there
           is
           a
           correspondence
           between
           them
           and
           the
           state
           of
           the
           Soul
           ,
           wherein
           there
           are
           the
           vegetative
           part
           ,
           the
           sensitive
           ,
           and
           the
           intellectual
           ;
           which
           parts
           yet
           do
           not
           make
           three
           Souls
           ,
           
           but
           one
           only
           distinguish'd
           by
           the
           operations
           of
           the
           three
           faculties
           :
           So
           the
           establishment
           of
           the
           State
           requires
           a
           reciprocal
           aid
           and
           correspondence
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXIX
           .
        
         
           WHere
           ever
           there
           is
           servitude
           ,
           there
           is
           also
           fear
           ;
           and
           the
           greater
           the
           former
           is
           ,
           the
           greater
           also
           is
           the
           latter
           .
           But
           though
           servitude
           implies
           Tyranny
           ,
           yet
           has
           the
           Tyrant
           as
           great
           a
           share
           of
           the
           fear
           ,
           as
           they
           over
           whom
           he
           tyrannizes
           ,
           inasmuch
           as
           he
           who
           commands
           Slaves
           ,
           is
           not
           himself
           free
           ;
           Now
           the
           Tyrant
           being
           such
           ,
           it
           follows
           that
           he
           himself
           is
           servile
           as
           well
           as
           his
           people
           ,
           and
           so
           as
           there
           is
           force
           and
           indignity
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           so
           is
           there
           a
           continual
           augmentation
           of
           fear
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXXX
           .
        
         
           IN
           matter
           of
           War
           ,
           Valour
           and
           Artifice
           are
           highly
           recommended
           ;
           but
           the
           perfection
           of
           Arms
           consists
           in
           knowing
           the
           true
           use
           of
           the
           moral
           Vertues
           ,
           a
           right
           understanding
           of
           political
           affairs
           ,
           and
           treading
           in
           the
           Steps
           of
           ancient
           and
           eminent
           Commanders
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXXI
           .
        
         
           IN
           Military
           affairs
           ,
           when
           there
           is
           some
           great
           designe
           in
           hand
           ,
           the
           absolute
           Authority
           of
           ordering
           all
           is
           to
           be
           conferr'd
           on
           one
           single
           person
           who
           transcends
           all
           the
           rest
           in
           point
           of
           merit
           ;
           yet
           so
           as
           that
           he
           be
           oblig'd
           to
           have
           always
           about
           him
           such
           as
           are
           well
           skill'd
           in
           Counsel
           ,
           with
           whom
           he
           may
           confer
           ,
           and
           to
           whom
           he
           may
           communicate
           all
           concerns
           of
           importance
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXXXII
           .
        
         
           MEN
           are
           glad
           of
           advertisements
           and
           directions
           in
           things
           that
           are
           doubtful
           ,
           not
           in
           the
           certain
           ;
           in
           things
           subject
           to
           hazard
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           prudence
           :
           it
           were
           therefore
           but
           requisite
           to
           consider
           what
           is
           the
           principal
           concern
           in
           the
           matter
           whereof
           we
           are
           to
           deliberate
           .
           For
           in
           deliberations
           ,
           when
           any
           one
           is
           not
           constrain'd
           by
           necessity
           ,
           he
           sets
           himself
           on
           work
           according
           to
           the
           unconfined
           plenitude
           of
           his
           own
           will
           ,
           which
           is
           in
           all
           things
           and
           every
           where
           free
           ,
           and
           then
           his
           thoughts
           are
           wholly
           taken
           up
           with
           the
           success
           of
           the
           Enterprize
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           whether
           his
           fears
           or
           hopes
           outweigh
           one
           the
           other
           ;
           and
           thereupon
           he
           resolves
           to
           forbear
           attempting
           any
           thing
           when
           hazard
           has
           the
           principal
           part
           ,
           and
           is
           most
           likely
           to
           carry
           it
           ;
           or
           on
           the
           contrary
           he
           will
           attempt
           the
           execution
           of
           his
           designe
           ,
           when
           prudence
           
           tells
           him
           that
           it
           will
           prove
           advantageous
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXXIII
           .
        
         
           WHen
           Commonwealths
           are
           well
           govern'd
           ,
           the
           prosecutions
           of
           envious
           persons
           turn
           to
           the
           advantage
           of
           those
           against
           whom
           they
           are
           intended
           ,
           for
           innocency
           being
           clear'd
           by
           truth
           ,
           their
           endeavours
           prove
           like
           the
           stroaks
           given
           to
           the
           ball
           ,
           which
           the
           harder
           it
           is
           struck
           ,
           the
           higher
           it
           rebounds
           ;
           so
           the
           calumniations
           of
           the
           envious
           instead
           of
           eclipsing
           ,
           add
           more
           lustre
           to
           those
           against
           whom
           they
           are
           directed
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXXIV
           .
        
         
           COntinual
           severity
           must
           needs
           exasperate
           those
           over
           whom
           it
           is
           exercis'd
           .
           But
           as
           the
           excessive
           indulgence
           of
           Parents
           makes
           their
           Children
           apt
           to
           lead
           an
           irregular
           and
           disobedient
           course
           of
           life
           ;
           so
           the
           
           remisness
           of
           a
           Prince
           ,
           who
           suffers
           his
           authority
           to
           be
           slighted
           ,
           renders
           the
           Citizen
           dissolute
           ,
           and
           the
           Soldier
           undisciplin'd
           and
           licentious
           ,
           and
           proves
           withal
           the
           occasion
           of
           greater
           mischief
           ,
           when
           persons
           of
           quality
           are
           concern'd
           .
           For
           the
           insolence
           of
           these
           last
           is
           more
           dangerous
           than
           that
           of
           a
           multitude
           ,
           it
           being
           not
           so
           difficult
           to
           discover
           the
           designes
           wherein
           many
           are
           engag'd
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           to
           pump
           out
           the
           secret
           plottings
           of
           one
           particular
           person
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXXV
           .
        
         
           WHen
           the
           Prince
           is
           sollicited
           by
           a
           Grandee
           in
           some
           concern
           of
           great
           importance
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           is
           unwilling
           to
           grant
           his
           request
           ,
           he
           ought
           to
           consider
           two
           points
           ,
           one
           relating
           to
           the
           necessary
           circumstances
           ,
           as
           the
           cause
           from
           whence
           the
           discontent
           proceeds
           ,
           the
           person
           disgusted
           ,
           and
           the
           present
           conjuncture
           of
           time
           ;
           the
           other
           ,
           how
           requisite
           
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           to
           counterballance
           the
           refusal
           ,
           by
           conferring
           some
           other
           boon
           on
           the
           Petitioner
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXXVI
           .
        
         
           THE
           good
           Soldier
           may
           be
           likened
           to
           polish'd
           Steel
           ,
           which
           while
           it
           is
           handled
           preserves
           its
           lustre
           and
           brightness
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           being
           us'd
           ,
           growes
           rusty
           ,
           and
           that
           rust
           consumes
           it
           ,
           and
           in
           time
           makes
           it
           contagious
           ;
           So
           the
           good
           Souldier
           ,
           who
           is
           good
           only
           while
           he
           is
           handling
           his
           Arms
           ,
           in
           the
           time
           of
           War
           ,
           is
           prejudic'd
           in
           himself
           ,
           and
           may
           prove
           dangerous
           to
           others
           ,
           when
           he
           is
           out
           of
           his
           proper
           element
           and
           employment
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXXVII
           .
        
         
           IN
           the
           competitions
           that
           happen
           between
           two
           several
           parties
           ,
           that
           which
           is
           excluded
           will
           be
           rather
           inclin'd
           to
           close
           with
           a
           third
           party
           ,
           than
           comply
           with
           that
           ,
           between
           
           whom
           and
           it
           the
           precedent
           competition
           was
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXXVIII
           .
        
         
           THere
           is
           not
           any
           thing
           so
           prejudicial
           to
           mankind
           as
           a
           transcendent
           prosperity
           ;
           for
           the
           effects
           of
           it
           ,
           are
           ,
           licentiousness
           ,
           luxury
           ,
           confidence
           to
           do
           mischief
           ,
           an
           irreclaimable
           inclination
           to
           disturb
           the
           publick
           by
           some
           novelty
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           inconveniencies
           consequent
           to
           satiety
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXXXIX
           .
        
         
           THE
           infamy
           of
           being
           temerarious
           is
           more
           prejudicial
           to
           a
           Military
           Commander
           ,
           than
           the
           honour
           of
           a
           Victory
           is
           advantageous
           to
           him
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           when
           he
           is
           chargeable
           with
           temerity
           ,
           the
           blame
           is
           wholly
           attributed
           to
           him
           alone
           ,
           but
           the
           honour
           of
           the
           victory
           ,
           and
           the
           prosperous
           management
           of
           affairs
           (
           at
           least
           according
           to
           the
           opinion
           of
           many
           )
           
           is
           communicable
           also
           to
           others
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXL
           .
        
         
           SInce
           there
           is
           frequent
           necessity
           of
           changing
           orders
           and
           deliberations
           ,
           in
           the
           time
           of
           War
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           variety
           of
           accidents
           ,
           it
           should
           be
           the
           principal
           consideration
           of
           a
           chief
           Commander
           ,
           so
           to
           accommodate
           all
           things
           at
           the
           beginning
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           had
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           may
           be
           ,
           foreseen
           all
           events
           ,
           and
           all
           counsels
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           ,
           as
           the
           prosperous
           successes
           engage
           the
           respects
           and
           affections
           of
           the
           Army
           towards
           their
           General
           ,
           so
           the
           contrary
           makes
           a
           proportionable
           abatement
           of
           the
           same
           respects
           and
           affections
           ,
           and
           consequently
           there
           is
           not
           that
           sympathetical
           correspondence
           which
           ought
           to
           be
           between
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXLI
           .
        
         
           THE
           prudent
           person
           ought
           not
           to
           entertain
           any
           suspicion
           that
           
           men
           distrust
           his
           integrity
           ,
           and
           if
           he
           does
           suspect
           it
           ,
           he
           should
           demean
           himself
           so
           as
           that
           the
           wicked
           may
           not
           be
           sensible
           of
           his
           having
           any
           suspicion
           of
           them
           ,
           lest
           that
           upon
           that
           occasion
           fear
           may
           augment
           their
           licentiousness
           ,
           and
           that
           ,
           as
           to
           others
           ,
           there
           may
           not
           be
           an
           abatement
           of
           their
           diligence
           and
           promptitude
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXLII
           .
        
         
           'T
           IS
           prudence
           in
           a
           man
           to
           make
           as
           if
           he
           knew
           nothing
           of
           uncertain
           newes
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           to
           keep
           it
           so
           secret
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           betray
           any
           confirmation
           thereof
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           many
           times
           ,
           either
           it
           is
           absolutely
           false
           ,
           or
           the
           credit
           to
           be
           given
           thereto
           admits
           of
           a
           considerable
           diminution
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXLIII
           .
        
         
           THey
           who
           are
           induc'd
           to
           commit
           some
           act
           in
           the
           night
           time
           proceed
           
           commonly
           upon
           some
           sinful
           motive
           ,
           presuming
           that
           the
           night
           covers
           in
           them
           what
           the
           day
           would
           discover
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           their
           fear
           and
           shame
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXLIV
           .
        
         
           FOR
           this
           reason
           has
           God
           entrusted
           Princes
           with
           the
           Government
           of
           their
           Dominions
           ,
           that
           their
           Subjects
           may
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           the
           obtaining
           of
           their
           right
           ,
           appeale
           from
           that
           Law
           which
           is
           dumb
           ,
           and
           as
           it
           were
           dead
           ,
           and
           without
           force
           in
           it self
           ,
           to
           the
           living
           Law
           which
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           Magistrate
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXLV
           .
        
         
           THE
           principal
           commendation
           of
           military
           Discipline
           consists
           in
           not
           opposing
           danger
           without
           necessity
           ,
           by
           industry
           ,
           patience
           and
           policy
           to
           defeat
           and
           elude
           the
           enterprises
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           rather
           than
           by
           destroying
           them
           in
           a
           cruel
           and
           bloody
           engagement
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXLVI
           .
        
         
           A
           Benefit
           conferr'd
           upon
           one
           who
           is
           persuaded
           that
           he
           has
           receiv'd
           an
           injury
           counterballanceable
           thereto
           ,
           is
           not
           sufficient
           to
           remove
           out
           of
           his
           disaffected
           mind
           the
           memory
           of
           the
           offence
           ;
           especially
           when
           the
           benefit
           comes
           at
           such
           a
           time
           ,
           as
           that
           it
           seems
           rather
           occasion'd
           by
           necessity
           ,
           than
           to
           proceed
           from
           good
           will.
           
        
      
       
         
           CXLVII
           .
        
         
           THE
           Counsels
           and
           secret
           designs
           of
           Princes
           are
           most
           commonly
           divulg'd
           after
           a
           manner
           much
           different
           from
           that
           which
           is
           true
           in
           effect
           ;
           and
           this
           they
           do
           purposely
           to
           amuse
           the
           Generality
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           busy
           themselves
           in
           discoursing
           of
           one
           thing
           ,
           while
           another
           of
           different
           nature
           is
           in
           agitation
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXLVIII
           .
        
         
           PEace
           is
           desirable
           and
           holy
           ,
           when
           it
           smothers
           all
           distrusts
           and
           jealousies
           ,
           when
           it
           gives
           a
           check
           to
           all
           dangers
           ,
           and
           when
           men
           are
           exonerated
           from
           all
           charges
           ,
           and
           may
           repose
           themselves
           without
           the
           least
           fear
           of
           disturbance
           .
           But
           when
           it
           hatches
           the
           contrary
           effects
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           pernicious
           War
           ,
           under
           the
           counterfeit
           title
           of
           peace
           ,
           and
           a
           pestilent
           poison
           under
           the
           name
           of
           a
           good
           Medicine
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXLIX
           .
        
         
           AMbassadors
           are
           the
           Eies
           and
           Ears
           of
           States
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           publick
           Ministers
           are
           the
           Spectacles
           of
           the
           respective
           Princes
           by
           whom
           they
           are
           employed
           .
        
      
       
         
           CL.
           
        
         
           MEns
           favours
           are
           to
           be
           measur'd
           by
           the
           real
           effects
           ,
           and
           not
           by
           
           the
           external
           demonstrations
           thereof
           ▪
           and
           yet
           it
           can
           hardly
           be
           imagin'd
           how
           great
           a
           satisfaction
           it
           is
           to
           a
           man
           ,
           to
           be
           treated
           with
           the
           ceremonious
           part
           of
           courtesy
           and
           humanity
           ▪
           The
           reason
           of
           it
           may
           possibly
           be
           this
           ,
           that
           every
           one
           is
           apt
           to
           think
           ,
           that
           he
           deserves
           more
           than
           he
           receives
           ,
           and
           consequently
           is
           disgusted
           when
           he
           perceives
           there
           is
           not
           that
           account
           made
           of
           him
           which
           he
           thinks
           due
           to
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLI
           .
        
         
           SUbjects
           cannot
           be
           well
           govern'd
           without
           the
           exercise
           of
           some
           severity
           at
           certain
           times
           ,
           yet
           is
           there
           a
           necessity
           that
           it
           should
           be
           season'd
           with
           a
           dextrous
           insinuation
           of
           its
           being
           not
           so
           much
           the
           inclination
           of
           the
           Prince
           to
           be
           severe
           ,
           as
           that
           it
           is
           requisite
           for
           the
           publick
           good
           ,
           that
           the
           reformation
           of
           some
           should
           be
           occasion'd
           by
           the
           punishments
           inflicted
           upon
           others
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CLII.
           
        
         
           A
           Man
           should
           endeavor
           to
           refrain
           from
           whatever
           may
           cause
           the
           least
           dissatisfaction
           or
           prejudice
           to
           another
           .
           It
           is
           consequent
           therefore
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           never
           say
           any
           thing
           either
           in
           a
           mans
           presence
           ,
           or
           his
           absence
           ,
           which
           may
           displease
           him
           ,
           unless
           there
           be
           some
           necessity
           of
           his
           so
           doing
           ;
           in
           regard
           it
           is
           the
           greatest
           extravagance
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           for
           a
           man
           to
           make
           a
           needless
           creation
           of
           Enemies
           to
           himself
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLIII
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           runs
           himself
           into
           a
           danger
           without
           ever
           considering
           ,
           of
           what
           concern
           it
           is
           likely
           to
           be
           ,
           may
           be
           accounted
           a
           person
           of
           a
           bestial
           humour
           .
           But
           he
           who
           knows
           the
           importance
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           yet
           freely
           exposes
           himself
           thereto
           ,
           either
           upon
           the
           necessity
           there
           is
           of
           so
           doing
           ,
           or
           upon
           some
           honourable
           account
           ,
           must
           
           a
           person
           of
           great
           courage
           ,
           and
           truely
           magnanimous
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLIV.
           
        
         
           IT
           is
           a
           vulgar
           errour
           to
           affirm
           ,
           that
           Learning
           and
           Study
           are
           prejudicial
           to
           the
           Brain
           ;
           though
           peradventure
           it
           might
           be
           truly
           said
           of
           some
           one
           ,
           who
           has
           a
           weak
           Brain
           ,
           and
           is
           of
           an
           infirm
           constitution
           ;
           but
           where
           there
           is
           a
           conjunction
           of
           a
           good
           constitution
           ,
           and
           the
           accidental
           good
           of
           Learning
           ,
           it
           makes
           a
           most
           accomplish'd
           person
           ,
           and
           of
           an
           excellent
           Temperament
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLV
           .
        
         
           THat
           glory
           is
           to
           be
           accounted
           vain
           which
           is
           purchas'd
           with
           any
           injury
           done
           to
           another
           ;
           but
           the
           true
           ,
           solid
           ,
           and
           immortal
           glory
           is
           that
           which
           consists
           not
           in
           the
           ruining
           of
           Nations
           ,
           and
           destruction
           of
           Cities
           ,
           but
           rather
           in
           the
           consolidation
           of
           Kingdoms
           ,
           the
           association
           of
           
           Provinces
           ,
           the
           settlement
           of
           publick
           tranquillity
           ,
           the
           establishment
           of
           Commerce
           ,
           and
           the
           deliverance
           of
           people
           out
           of
           the
           miseries
           and
           calamities
           attending
           humane
           nature
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLVI
           .
        
         
           ALL
           the
           fruit
           and
           advantage
           of
           having
           obtain'd
           a
           victory
           consists
           in
           knowing
           how
           to
           use
           it
           ,
           and
           it
           is
           a
           greater
           infamy
           not
           to
           know
           how
           to
           use
           it
           ,
           than
           not
           to
           have
           gain'd
           it
           ;
           in
           regard
           it
           is
           more
           ignominious
           for
           us
           to
           be
           deceiv'd
           in
           those
           things
           that
           are
           within
           our
           power
           ,
           than
           in
           those
           that
           are
           not
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLVII
           .
        
         
           INconsiderate
           and
           doubtful
           deliberations
           are
           not
           excusable
           in
           any
           but
           those
           whose
           concerns
           are
           in
           a
           distracted
           and
           unfortunate
           posture
           ,
           or
           in
           a
           person
           whose
           thoughts
           are
           wholly
           bent
           upon
           Ambition
           ,
           and
           one
           who
           being
           desirous
           by
           all
           
           the
           ways
           imaginable
           to
           get
           himself
           a
           greater
           name
           ,
           is
           afraid
           he
           has
           not
           time
           enough
           to
           do
           it
           in
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLVIII
           .
        
         
           ALL
           humane
           actions
           are
           subject
           to
           many
           dangers
           ;
           but
           this
           is
           the
           advantage
           of
           wise
           men
           ,
           that
           they
           know
           that
           what
           ever
           may
           happen
           does
           not
           always
           come
           to
           pass
           ,
           but
           that
           upon
           some
           occasion
           or
           other
           many
           dangers
           become
           none
           at
           all
           ,
           many
           are
           stav'd
           off
           by
           prudence
           and
           industry
           ;
           and
           many
           are
           weather'd
           out
           by
           patience
           and
           equanimity
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLIX.
           
        
         
           HE
           who
           is
           more
           apprehensive
           of
           the
           future
           than
           he
           ought
           to
           be
           ,
           must
           not
           expect
           to
           be
           accounted
           a
           wise
           man
           ,
           nor
           yet
           they
           who
           presuppose
           for
           certain
           the
           dangers
           that
           are
           but
           doubtful
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           regulate
           all
           their
           deliberations
           ,
           as
           if
           
           the
           danger
           were
           inevitable
           .
           But
           it
           argues
           a
           certain
           magnanimity
           in
           that
           person
           ,
           who
           knowing
           and
           throughly
           considering
           the
           dangers
           ,
           yet
           discovers
           how
           that
           many
           times
           ,
           either
           by
           some
           unexpected
           chance
           ,
           or
           by
           the
           assistance
           of
           Vertue
           ,
           men
           extricate
           themselves
           out
           of
           great
           difficulties
           and
           inconveniences
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLX
           .
        
         
           IT
           happens
           sometimes
           ,
           that
           when
           a
           Prince
           assumes
           thoughts
           of
           aggrandizing
           himself
           ,
           or
           growes
           jealous
           of
           losing
           his
           Dominions
           ,
           he
           takes
           occasion
           to
           forget
           what
           obligations
           may
           ly
           upon
           him
           for
           benefits
           receiv'd
           .
           A
           remarkable
           instance
           of
           this
           kind
           of
           demeanor
           we
           find
           in
           
             Lewis
             Sforza
          
           ,
           who
           instead
           of
           expressing
           his
           gratitude
           to
           Charles
           VIII
           .
           of
           France
           ,
           for
           the
           kindnesses
           he
           had
           receiv'd
           from
           him
           ,
           contributed
           his
           assistance
           for
           the
           driving
           of
           him
           out
           of
           Italy
           ,
           and
           sided
           with
           his
           enemies
           ,
           
           and
           all
           only
           to
           preserve
           his
           own
           Concerns
           ,
           and
           out
           of
           the
           apprehension
           he
           had
           of
           the
           greatness
           of
           Charles
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXI
           .
        
         
           IN
           the
           giving
           and
           receiving
           of
           advice
           there
           are
           many
           things
           to
           be
           considered
           ,
           but
           principally
           two
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           prudence
           in
           him
           who
           is
           to
           receive
           the
           advice
           ,
           and
           fidelity
           in
           him
           who
           is
           to
           give
           it
           .
           For
           counsel
           being
           nothing
           else
           but
           a
           discourse
           consider'd
           and
           weigh'd
           by
           reason
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           a
           discovery
           whether
           a
           thing
           ought
           to
           be
           done
           or
           not
           ,
           if
           the
           person
           who
           is
           to
           receive
           the
           advice
           be
           not
           prudent
           ,
           he
           will
           not
           accept
           of
           that
           which
           is
           given
           him
           for
           the
           best
           ,
           but
           will
           follow
           that
           ,
           which
           ,
           according
           to
           his
           apprehension
           ,
           seems
           most
           convenient
           ;
           in
           as
           much
           as
           not
           being
           prudent
           ,
           he
           will
           be
           apt
           to
           fancy
           those
           things
           that
           are
           most
           inconvenient
           ,
           and
           so
           will
           never
           set
           himself
           
           seriously
           to
           work
           as
           he
           should
           do
           .
           On
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           he
           who
           gives
           the
           advice
           ,
           it
           he
           be
           not
           faithful
           ,
           will
           find
           so
           many
           ways
           to
           disguise
           the
           truth
           ,
           that
           many
           times
           that
           is
           put
           in
           execution
           ,
           which
           is
           more
           beneficial
           to
           the
           Consultee
           ,
           than
           to
           the
           Consultor
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXII
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           intends
           to
           engage
           in
           a
           war
           ought
           to
           be
           alwaies
           prepar'd
           ,
           and
           to
           have
           his
           mind
           fortify'd
           against
           whatever
           event
           may
           happen
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           ready
           to
           entertain
           all
           occurrences
           ;
           and
           he
           should
           principally
           bethink
           himself
           not
           to
           enter
           into
           a
           war
           unjustly
           ,
           and
           consider
           well
           against
           what
           Potentate
           he
           is
           to
           be
           concern'd
           ,
           what
           allyances
           and
           combinations
           may
           be
           made
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           lastly
           examine
           his
           own
           forces
           and
           those
           of
           his
           Adversary
           ,
           and
           what
           confederates
           either
           party
           may
           have
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CLXIII
           .
        
         
           THE
           ambition
           of
           a
           General
           often
           proves
           pernicious
           to
           the
           State
           by
           which
           he
           is
           employ'd
           .
           For
           it
           is
           the
           ordinary
           humour
           of
           such
           persons
           to
           be
           backward
           in
           putting
           a
           period
           to
           the
           War
           ,
           even
           when
           they
           may
           do
           it
           with
           honour
           and
           advantage
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           continue
           longer
           in
           their
           charges
           ,
           and
           by
           that
           continuance
           they
           gain
           the
           affections
           of
           the
           Soldiery
           ,
           and
           so
           are
           in
           a
           fair
           way
           to
           their
           assumption
           of
           Soveraignty
           .
           He
           who
           has
           a
           powerful
           Army
           at
           his
           devotion
           has
           the
           command
           of
           all
           as
           far
           as
           that
           can
           extend
           its
           Quarters
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXIV
           .
        
         
           ARE
           men
           desirous
           of
           coming
           into
           great
           repute
           and
           esteem
           ?
           Let
           them
           be
           always
           careful
           of
           doing
           those
           things
           which
           are
           commendable
           and
           of
           good
           report
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           vertuous
           actions
           are
           not
           the
           effects
           
           of
           honour
           ,
           but
           honour
           is
           the
           effect
           and
           recompence
           of
           vertuous
           actions
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXV
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           generally
           acknowledg'd
           by
           all
           ,
           that
           the
           Government
           of
           a
           Country
           by
           one
           single
           person
           ,
           when
           he
           is
           but
           tolerably
           good
           ,
           is
           better
           than
           that
           of
           a
           greater
           number
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           granted
           that
           they
           also
           are
           good
           .
           And
           it
           may
           be
           withal
           rationally
           concluded
           ,
           that
           in
           a
           greater
           number
           of
           Govenours
           there
           may
           be
           a
           greater
           likelihood
           of
           degeneration
           from
           the
           principles
           of
           Government
           ,
           and
           a
           greater
           combination
           of
           Tyranny
           ,
           than
           there
           can
           be
           in
           one
           individual
           person
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXVI
           .
        
         
           TO
           frame
           instructions
           for
           the
           particular
           benefit
           of
           every
           one
           ,
           is
           a
           very
           difficult
           task
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           much
           more
           difficult
           to
           put
           such
           a
           project
           in
           execution
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           men
           
           know
           well
           enough
           what
           they
           ought
           to
           do
           ,
           but
           they
           are
           extreamly
           backward
           in
           applying
           themselves
           to
           the
           performance
           thereof
           .
           Let
           him
           therefore
           who
           thinks
           that
           application
           incumbent
           upon
           him
           ,
           endeavour
           to
           offer
           a
           certain
           violence
           to
           his
           own
           disposition
           ,
           and
           make
           that
           habitual
           which
           yet
           admits
           of
           no
           greater
           perfection
           than
           that
           of
           desire
           ;
           by
           which
           means
           ,
           he
           will
           easily
           attain
           whatever
           shall
           be
           taught
           him
           ,
           and
           will
           voluntarily
           do
           any
           thing
           ,
           according
           as
           reason
           shall
           command
           him
           ,
           or
           experience
           direct
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXVII
           .
        
         
           THE
           acquisition
           of
           a
           great
           Estate
           or
           Honour
           is
           a
           thing
           commendable
           ,
           provided
           it
           be
           done
           without
           fraud
           or
           any
           indirect
           means
           ;
           yet
           so
           great
           is
           the
           corruption
           of
           mankind
           ,
           that
           men
           commonly
           are
           ambitious
           of
           high
           titles
           ,
           and
           magistracy
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           were
           illustious
           and
           magnificent
           
           of
           themselves
           ,
           and
           did
           not
           derive
           their
           true
           value
           and
           esteem
           ,
           from
           the
           vertue
           of
           those
           who
           are
           deservedly
           advanc'd
           thereto
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXVIII
           .
        
         
           A
           Military
           Commander
           ought
           so
           to
           mind
           all
           things
           as
           if
           he
           had
           not
           charg'd
           any
           person
           with
           the
           care
           thereof
           ;
           and
           this
           ,
           not
           only
           out
           of
           the
           distrust
           he
           should
           have
           that
           his
           commands
           may
           not
           be
           punctually
           executed
           ,
           but
           also
           out
           of
           this
           consideration
           ,
           that
           his
           Soldiers
           will
           be
           more
           forward
           to
           execute
           his
           orders
           ,
           when
           they
           shall
           find
           him
           so
           laborious
           and
           vigilant
           himself
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXIX
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           would
           prognosticate
           what
           will
           be
           the
           effects
           of
           another
           mans
           deliberation
           ,
           ought
           ,
           to
           avoid
           being
           deceiv'd
           ,
           to
           consider
           seriously
           ,
           not
           only
           what
           a
           prudent
           person
           would
           be
           inclin'd
           to
           do
           upon
           
           the
           like
           emergency
           ,
           but
           also
           to
           measure
           the
           abilities
           and
           disposition
           of
           the
           deliberator
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXX
           .
        
         
           A
           Physician
           who
           undertakes
           to
           cure
           the
           infirmity
           of
           some
           particular
           member
           ,
           is
           very
           careful
           that
           the
           medicine
           he
           applies
           does
           not
           prejudice
           any
           other
           member
           :
           so
           ought
           that
           privy
           Councellor
           ,
           who
           is
           to
           advise
           his
           Prince
           ,
           to
           be
           so
           his
           remembrancer
           of
           the
           concerns
           of
           the
           Commonwealth
           ,
           as
           that
           he
           is
           withal
           mindful
           of
           the
           honour
           and
           preservation
           of
           the
           Prince
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXI.
           
        
         
           THere
           is
           not
           any
           man
           of
           so
           weak
           abilities
           ,
           but
           that
           he
           may
           manifestly
           perceive
           the
           difference
           there
           is
           between
           actions
           proceeding
           from
           fear
           and
           errour
           ,
           and
           those
           which
           proceed
           from
           fraud
           and
           an
           evil
           intention
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CLXXII
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           knows
           in
           himself
           what
           is
           advantageous
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           good
           of
           the
           Commonwealth
           ,
           and
           yet
           forbears
           communicating
           it
           to
           others
           ,
           is
           an
           insignificant
           member
           of
           that
           Body
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXIII
           .
        
         
           A
           Commander
           may
           make
           a
           retreat
           upon
           two
           occasions
           ,
           either
           out
           of
           timorousness
           ,
           or
           prudence
           ;
           the
           former
           whereof
           is
           reproachable
           ,
           the
           other
           deserves
           commendation
           ,
           in
           regard
           it
           seems
           to
           wave
           the
           hazarding
           of
           what
           is
           not
           sufficiently
           secur'd
           .
           That
           victory
           is
           the
           most
           advantageous
           and
           most
           glorious
           ,
           which
           is
           gain'd
           with
           the
           least
           loss
           and
           effusion
           of
           the
           Souldiers
           blood
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXIV
           .
        
         
           AS
           the
           Soul
           ,
           which
           ordinarily
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           Governess
           of
           
           the
           Body
           ,
           becomes
           a
           Tyrant
           ,
           when
           ,
           regarding
           only
           her
           own
           excellency
           ,
           in
           comparison
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           she
           so
           thinks
           of
           her self
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           allow
           any
           part
           of
           time
           for
           the
           service
           of
           the
           body
           ,
           whereby
           the
           latter
           is
           weakned
           ,
           and
           rendered
           uncapable
           of
           performing
           its
           offices
           :
           So
           ,
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           they
           who
           make
           the
           Body
           Lord
           over
           the
           Soul
           ,
           and
           employ
           their
           whole
           time
           in
           satisfying
           the
           appetites
           thereof
           ,
           without
           reserving
           some
           part
           for
           the
           other
           ,
           can
           never
           become
           vertuous
           ,
           nor
           have
           any
           valour
           in
           themselves
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXV
           .
        
         
           AVarice
           is
           ,
           no
           doubt
           ,
           much
           more
           blameable
           in
           a
           Prince
           ,
           than
           in
           a
           private
           person
           ;
           not
           only
           upon
           this
           score
           ,
           that
           the
           Prince
           having
           more
           to
           distribute
           ,
           frustrates
           men
           of
           the
           benefits
           they
           expect
           from
           him
           ,
           but
           also
           in
           regard
           ,
           that
           whatever
           the
           private
           person
           hath
           ,
           he
           may
           dispose
           
           thereof
           without
           any
           others
           being
           much
           concern'd
           in
           it
           .
           But
           whatever
           the
           Prince
           has
           ,
           he
           has
           chiefly
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           others
           ;
           what
           therefore
           he
           retains
           to
           himself
           is
           so
           much
           deducted
           out
           of
           what
           men
           should
           receive
           from
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXVI
           .
        
         
           PRinces
           have
           cause
           to
           be
           more
           distrustful
           than
           other
           persons
           ,
           not
           only
           in
           regard
           they
           are
           many
           times
           flatter'd
           ,
           but
           also
           that
           many
           doubtful
           advertisements
           are
           propos'd
           to
           them
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           is
           a
           difficult
           matter
           for
           them
           to
           follow
           those
           that
           are
           most
           advantageous
           to
           their
           concerns
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXVII
           .
        
         
           THat
           Prince
           who
           has
           the
           most
           obliging
           way
           to
           gain
           the
           affections
           of
           his
           People
           ,
           makes
           a
           great
           discovery
           of
           an
           excellent
           good
           nature
           ,
           and
           withal
           gives
           a
           certain
           demonstration
           of
           his
           being
           unchargeable
           
           with
           the
           vice
           of
           Pride
           ,
           which
           brings
           an
           odium
           upon
           the
           vertues
           themselves
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXVIII
           .
        
         
           WHen
           any
           of
           the
           Enemies
           forces
           fall
           off
           from
           him
           ,
           and
           come
           into
           thy
           service
           ,
           it
           is
           no
           small
           happiness
           if
           they
           prove
           faithful
           to
           thee
           ;
           inasmuch
           as
           the
           forces
           of
           the
           enemy
           are
           much
           more
           weakned
           ,
           by
           the
           defection
           of
           those
           who
           desert
           him
           ,
           than
           by
           the
           loss
           of
           those
           who
           are
           kill'd
           ,
           though
           the
           name
           of
           turn-coat
           ,
           or
           fugitive
           be
           suspicious
           in
           new-rais'd
           men
           ,
           and
           odious
           in
           old
           Souldiers
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXIX
           .
        
         
           IN
           military
           concerns
           ;
           the
           prosperous
           success
           of
           the
           victorious
           Prince
           proceeds
           for
           the
           most
           part
           from
           the
           want
           of
           Counsel
           and
           Conduct
           in
           the
           Enemy
           .
           And
           thence
           it
           comes
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           a
           difficult
           task
           to
           
           subdue
           him
           who
           knows
           the
           extent
           of
           his
           own
           forces
           and
           those
           of
           his
           Enemy
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           performances
           of
           the
           Souldiery
           are
           to
           be
           attributed
           more
           to
           their
           gallantry
           than
           to
           their
           multitude
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           the
           advancement
           they
           make
           depends
           more
           on
           the
           advantages
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           where
           the
           engagement
           happens
           ,
           than
           upon
           their
           personal
           valour
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXX
           .
        
         
           MEN
           ,
           Armes
           ,
           Mony
           ,
           and
           Provisions
           are
           the
           sinews
           of
           War
           ;
           but
           of
           these
           four
           ,
           the
           two
           former
           are
           the
           most
           necessary
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           resolute
           men
           ,
           well
           Arm'd
           ,
           will
           make
           a
           shift
           to
           find
           mony
           and
           provisions
           ;
           but
           those
           two
           last
           will
           not
           so
           easily
           find
           Men
           and
           Arms.
           
        
      
       
         
           CLXXXI
           .
        
         
           WHen
           the
           Prince
           is
           surrounded
           by
           his
           familiar
           friends
           in
           a
           time
           that
           requires
           nothing
           of
           action
           ,
           
           he
           communicates
           his
           favours
           to
           those
           who
           are
           most
           acceptable
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           most
           complyant
           with
           his
           humour
           .
           But
           when
           he
           has
           some
           great
           design
           to
           carry
           on
           ,
           he
           knows
           how
           to
           make
           a
           distinction
           between
           those
           who
           are
           purely
           favourites
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           may
           be
           more
           serviceable
           to
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXXII
           .
        
         
           A
           Person
           reputed
           to
           be
           of
           great
           conduct
           and
           well
           experienc'd
           in
           the
           management
           of
           affairs
           ,
           who
           can
           maintain
           ten
           thousand
           men
           ,
           is
           more
           to
           be
           fear'd
           and
           esteem'd
           than
           ten
           others
           confederated
           together
           with
           each
           of
           them
           five
           thousand
           men
           ;
           in
           regard
           they
           are
           tedious
           and
           dilatory
           in
           the
           concerting
           of
           their
           designes
           ,
           and
           much
           time
           is
           commonly
           lost
           ere
           they
           can
           be
           unanimously
           brought
           to
           resolve
           upon
           the
           same
           end
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CLXXXIII
           .
        
         
           THat
           person
           who
           is
           desirous
           to
           be
           entertain'd
           into
           the
           service
           of
           some
           Grandee
           ,
           should
           rather
           pitch
           upon
           one
           of
           some
           repute
           for
           his
           prudence
           ,
           than
           one
           notorious
           for
           his
           ignorance
           :
           in
           regard
           that
           if
           his
           dependence
           be
           on
           a
           wise
           man
           ,
           he
           will
           find
           means
           to
           ingratiate
           himself
           into
           his
           favour
           ;
           but
           with
           an
           ignorant
           man
           ,
           his
           applications
           will
           in
           all
           likelihood
           prove
           ineffectual
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           want
           of
           apprehension
           in
           the
           person
           to
           whom
           they
           are
           made
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXXIV
           .
        
         
           THE
           affairs
           of
           this
           world
           are
           in
           a
           perpetual
           fluxe
           of
           uncertainty
           and
           instability
           ;
           yet
           are
           they
           always
           in
           a
           progressive
           course
           towards
           the
           end
           to
           which
           they
           ought
           to
           tend
           according
           to
           their
           nature
           .
           But
           this
           progress
           meets
           with
           greater
           obstructions
           
           than
           we
           imagine
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           we
           measure
           their
           motion
           according
           to
           our
           life
           ,
           which
           is
           of
           no
           great
           duration
           ,
           and
           not
           according
           to
           their
           continuance
           ,
           which
           seems
           long
           to
           us
           in
           respect
           of
           our selves
           .
           And
           thence
           it
           comes
           ,
           that
           the
           judgements
           which
           we
           make
           of
           them
           are
           commonly
           false
           and
           defective
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXXV
           .
        
         
           IN
           things
           of
           importance
           ,
           he
           who
           does
           not
           take
           into
           his
           consideration
           all
           the
           particulars
           relating
           thereto
           ,
           cannot
           frame
           a
           right
           judgement
           of
           them
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           any
           single
           circumstance
           ,
           how
           inconsiderable
           soever
           it
           be
           ,
           may
           change
           the
           whole
           face
           of
           the
           thing
           which
           is
           to
           be
           judg'd
           .
           Yet
           true
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           many
           times
           ,
           a
           man
           may
           frame
           a
           good
           judgement
           thereof
           ,
           though
           he
           have
           the
           knowledge
           but
           of
           the
           affair
           ,
           only
           in
           general
           ;
           
           and
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           he
           who
           knows
           the
           particulars
           may
           be
           guilty
           of
           a
           greater
           miscarriage
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           if
           his
           head
           be
           not
           clear
           ,
           and
           disengag'd
           from
           passion
           ,
           his
           attention
           to
           the
           particular
           part
           will
           confound
           and
           disturb
           his
           apprehension
           of
           the
           whole
           matter
           under
           consideration
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXXVI
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           a
           great
           felicity
           for
           a
           man
           to
           see
           his
           Enemy
           cast
           down
           and
           lying
           at
           his
           mercy
           ;
           but
           the
           greater
           his
           happiness
           is
           ,
           to
           whom
           that
           happens
           ,
           the
           greater
           reason
           he
           has
           to
           make
           a
           commendable
           use
           of
           that
           victory
           ,
           by
           expressing
           his
           clemency
           and
           readiness
           to
           forgive
           ,
           it
           being
           the
           particular
           mark
           and
           property
           of
           a
           great
           and
           generous
           soul
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXXVII
           .
        
         
           AN
           inferiour
           Prince
           ought
           not
           to
           hazard
           all
           he
           has
           in
           one
           fight
           ;
           for
           if
           he
           get
           the
           better
           ,
           he
           only
           
           gains
           the
           more
           glory
           ;
           if
           he
           miscarries
           ,
           he
           is
           ruin'd
           to
           all
           intents
           and
           purposes
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXXVIII
           .
        
         
           WE
           find
           that
           in
           the
           ordinary
           differences
           which
           happen
           between
           men
           upon
           the
           civil
           account
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           diseases
           whereto
           men
           are
           subject
           ,
           the
           Judges
           and
           Physicians
           have
           recourse
           to
           the
           judgements
           of
           those
           who
           have
           been
           anciently
           eminent
           in
           those
           several
           Professions
           ;
           The
           same
           may
           be
           said
           of
           affairs
           of
           State
           and
           Policy
           ,
           that
           it
           were
           expedient
           the
           present
           Statesmen
           consulted
           the
           directions
           of
           the
           Ancients
           ,
           who
           have
           been
           eminent
           for
           the
           good
           Government
           and
           civilization
           of
           such
           as
           were
           subject
           to
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
           CLXXXIX
           .
        
         
           THere
           are
           many
           who
           seem
           to
           be
           highly
           diligent
           in
           the
           reading
           of
           ancient
           Histories
           ,
           and
           to
           take
           a
           
           particular
           divertisement
           therein
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           remarkable
           variety
           of
           accidents
           which
           occur
           ;
           but
           few
           apply
           themselves
           to
           the
           imitation
           thereof
           ;
           and
           that
           with
           the
           greater
           reproach
           to
           themselves
           ,
           in
           that
           they
           think
           it
           a
           thing
           not
           only
           difficult
           ,
           but
           also
           indeed
           impossible
           ;
           as
           if
           the
           Heavens
           ,
           the
           Sun
           ,
           and
           the
           Elements
           had
           chang'd
           their
           motions
           ,
           order
           and
           influences
           ,
           in
           comparison
           of
           what
           they
           were
           heretofore
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXC
           .
        
         
           THE
           Friendship
           there
           is
           between
           persons
           of
           quality
           ,
           of
           a
           private
           condition
           ,
           proceeds
           from
           the
           mutual
           correspondence
           of
           their
           minds
           ,
           and
           the
           consonancy
           of
           their
           humours
           and
           dispositions
           .
           But
           among
           Princes
           ,
           this
           correspondence
           of
           humours
           does
           not
           always
           beget
           amity
           ,
           but
           sometimes
           ,
           out
           of
           a
           certain
           judgement
           which
           they
           frame
           to
           themselves
           ,
           of
           the
           advantages
           accrueing
           
           by
           the
           contraction
           of
           such
           Friendships
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           their
           confederations
           are
           the
           effects
           of
           the
           present
           exigences
           forcing
           them
           thereto
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXCI.
           
        
         
           ADversity
           is
           the
           Touch
           stone
           which
           distinguishes
           between
           those
           who
           are
           friends
           out
           of
           design
           ,
           and
           those
           who
           are
           really
           such
           .
           It
           makes
           a
           full
           discovery
           of
           the
           fidelity
           and
           constancy
           of
           some
           ,
           and
           how
           slight
           and
           superfluous
           others
           may
           be
           .
           So
           that
           a
           man
           has
           this
           benefit
           by
           adversity
           ,
           that
           there
           are
           driven
           from
           him
           ,
           without
           the
           help
           of
           a
           Staff
           ,
           all
           that
           throng
           of
           persons
           whose
           souls
           are
           mercenary
           and
           of
           no
           value
           ,
           full
           of
           avarice
           and
           ingratitude
           ,
           and
           there
           remain
           behind
           only
           those
           minds
           which
           are
           fortune
           proof
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           cannot
           be
           surmounted
           by
           Adversity
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXCII
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           founds
           a
           Commonwealth
           ,
           and
           establishes
           Laws
           for
           the
           government
           thereof
           ,
           ought
           to
           have
           presuppos'd
           that
           men
           are
           inclin'd
           to
           wickedness
           ,
           and
           will
           make
           a
           discovery
           of
           that
           inclination
           ,
           upon
           any
           occasion
           that
           shall
           offer
           it self
           .
           And
           when
           the
           malignity
           lies
           conceal'd
           for
           some
           time
           ,
           it
           proceeds
           from
           some
           secret
           cause
           ,
           which
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           having
           seen
           the
           experience
           of
           the
           contrary
           ,
           was
           not
           observ'd
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           afterwards
           discover'd
           by
           time
           ,
           which
           brings
           all
           things
           to
           light
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXCIII
           .
        
         
           NEutrality
           ,
           of
           its
           own
           nature
           ,
           is
           full
           of
           danger
           ,
           in
           as
           much
           as
           it
           gives
           offence
           ,
           on
           the
           one
           side
           ,
           to
           the
           stronger
           party
           ,
           who
           expected
           to
           be
           sided
           withal
           upon
           the
           score
           of
           his
           grandeur
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           other
           to
           the
           
           weaker
           ,
           who
           takes
           it
           unkindly
           ,
           and
           thinks
           it
           an
           injury
           that
           he
           is
           not
           assisted
           and
           reliev'd
           .
           So
           that
           the
           neutral
           party
           is
           neither
           secur'd
           against
           an
           enemy
           ,
           on
           the
           one
           side
           ,
           nor
           preserves
           a
           firiend
           ,
           on
           the
           other
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXCIV
           .
        
         
           AS
           long
           as
           a
           Prince
           continues
           in
           a
           neutral
           condition
           ,
           every
           one
           endeavours
           to
           caress
           him
           ,
           &
           to
           draw
           him
           to
           his
           party
           ,
           and
           consequently
           he
           is
           honour'd
           ,
           and
           not
           only
           enjoys
           his
           neutrality
           in
           quietness
           ,
           but
           also
           makes
           an
           advantage
           of
           it
           by
           the
           presents
           he
           receives
           from
           those
           who
           would
           lure
           him
           into
           their
           Allyance
           ;
           whereas
           if
           he
           has
           once
           declar'd
           himself
           ,
           he
           has
           lost
           the
           satisfaction
           of
           being
           a
           spectator
           of
           the
           difference
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           the
           contending
           parties
           must
           look
           upon
           him
           as
           an
           enemy
           ,
           though
           the
           reasons
           and
           motives
           he
           had
           to
           appear
           against
           him
           be
           never
           so
           plausible
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXCV.
           
        
         
           IT
           is
           a
           hard
           question
           to
           decide
           ,
           whether
           be
           the
           more
           ambitious
           person
           ,
           he
           who
           is
           desirous
           to
           keep
           what
           he
           is
           possess'd
           of
           ,
           or
           he
           who
           endeavours
           to
           make
           new
           Conquests
           .
           For
           many
           times
           great
           alterations
           are
           caus'd
           by
           him
           who
           is
           peaceably
           possess'd
           ,
           in
           regard
           the
           fear
           of
           losing
           begets
           in
           such
           persons
           the
           same
           inclinations
           ,
           which
           they
           have
           who
           would
           conquer
           .
           Nay
           sometimes
           ,
           he
           who
           is
           possess'd
           does
           not
           think
           himself
           secure
           ,
           if
           he
           be
           not
           always
           in
           a
           readiness
           to
           make
           new
           acquests
           ,
           and
           to
           do
           that
           ,
           there
           is
           a
           necessity
           of
           having
           forces
           ,
           and
           those
           must
           be
           in
           action
           ,
           answerably
           to
           the
           ambitious
           desires
           of
           those
           by
           whom
           they
           are
           maintain'd
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXCVI.
           
        
         
           THose
           who
           are
           entrusted
           with
           the
           administration
           of
           publick
           offices
           ,
           
           or
           the
           government
           of
           Provinces
           ought
           to
           have
           these
           three
           conditions
           ;
           to
           wit
           ,
           That
           they
           have
           ●
           tenderness
           and
           affection
           for
           those
           who
           are
           under
           their
           jurisdiction
           ;
           that
           they
           be
           invested
           with
           sufficient
           authority
           to
           constrain
           ,
           where
           it
           is
           requisite
           ;
           and
           that
           they
           be
           persons
           remarkable
           for
           their
           justice
           and
           valour
           .
           But
           with
           this
           precaution
           into
           the
           bargain
           ,
           that
           they
           who
           are
           advanc'd
           to
           the
           Government
           of
           others
           be
           such
           as
           have
           been
           in
           their
           younger
           days
           govern'd
           and
           directed
           by
           others
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXCVII
           .
        
         
           IN
           all
           the
           resolutions
           of
           this
           world
           ,
           there
           is
           an
           intermixture
           of
           good
           and
           evil
           ;
           God
           having
           so
           order'd
           it
           ,
           that
           men
           might
           be
           the
           more
           sensible
           of
           the
           imperfection
           of
           their
           present
           state
           .
           But
           it
           is
           the
           part
           of
           a
           prudent
           person
           to
           counterballance
           the
           good
           and
           evil
           ,
           and
           to
           embrace
           that
           resolution
           wherein
           
           he
           finds
           either
           less
           evil
           ,
           or
           more
           good
           .
        
      
       
         
           CXCVIII.
           
        
         
           SInce
           man
           is
           to
           look
           on
           his
           own
           good
           and
           preservation
           as
           his
           main
           concern
           ,
           he
           ought
           not
           in
           reason
           to
           be
           tax'd
           with
           any
           inconstancy
           ,
           when
           upon
           the
           vicissitude
           of
           human
           affairs
           ,
           he
           also
           admits
           some
           change
           in
           his
           designs
           and
           procedure
           ,
           yet
           continuing
           constant
           and
           resolute
           as
           to
           the
           end
           he
           had
           propos'd
           to
           himself
           .
           And
           this
           is
           but
           to
           follow
           the
           example
           of
           good
           Pilots
           ,
           who
           being
           bound
           for
           such
           a
           Port
           ,
           yet
           upon
           alteration
           of
           wind
           and
           weather
           seem
           to
           change
           their
           course
           ,
           but
           still
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           tempest
           they
           mind
           the
           prosecution
           of
           their
           voyage
           ,
           and
           the
           preservation
           of
           the
           Vessel
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXCIX
           .
        
         
           GOod
           Souldiers
           require
           a
           good
           Captain
           ,
           he
           being
           the
           guide
           of
           all
           ,
           and
           the
           success
           or
           miscarriage
           of
           a
           design
           depending
           on
           his
           action
           and
           conduct
           .
           Thence
           came
           the
           Greek
           Proverb
           ,
           that
           an
           Army
           of
           Deer
           having
           a
           Lyon
           in
           the
           head
           of
           it
           ,
           is
           more
           terrible
           than
           an
           Army
           of
           Lyons
           headed
           by
           a
           Deer
           .
           But
           it
           is
           however
           requisite
           ,
           that
           both
           Commanders
           and
           Souldiers
           should
           be
           good
           ,
           that
           it
           may
           not
           happen
           as
           Caesar
           said
           going
           against
           Pompey
           ,
           that
           he
           went
           against
           a
           Captain
           without
           Souldiers
           ;
           and
           afterwards
           going
           against
           Afranius
           that
           he
           was
           to
           en●gage
           an
           Army
           without
           a
           Captain
           .
        
      
       
         
           CC.
           
        
         
           THere
           are
           four
           sorts
           of
           men
           who
           are
           always
           mention'd
           with
           honour
           .
           First
           ,
           they
           who
           have
           been
           highly
           successeful
           in
           the
           establishment
           
           and
           promotion
           of
           true
           Religion
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           those
           who
           have
           been
           the
           founders
           of
           States
           and
           Kingdoms
           ,
           and
           setled
           the
           Government
           thereof
           by
           good
           Laws
           .
           Thirdly
           ,
           they
           who
           have
           been
           Successors
           to
           the
           last
           mention'd
           ,
           and
           have
           made
           great
           dilatations
           of
           the
           Empires
           which
           they
           found
           so
           established
           .
           And
           lastly
           ,
           persons
           who
           have
           been
           great
           Promotors
           of
           Literature
           ,
           and
           Patrons
           of
           learned
           men
           .
           On
           the
           contrary
           ,
           the
           teachers
           of
           a
           false
           Religion
           or
           destroyers
           of
           the
           true
           ,
           the
           disturbers
           of
           Government
           ,
           and
           the
           enemies
           of
           Learning
           and
           Vertue
           ,
           have
           been
           ,
           through
           all
           ages
           ,
           infamous
           and
           detestable
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCI.
           
        
         
           A
           People
           which
           hath
           been
           accustomed
           to
           live
           in
           servitude
           ,
           being
           left
           to
           their
           own
           liberty
           ,
           may
           be
           likened
           to
           a
           Beast
           that
           has
           been
           kept
           in
           a
           Park
           ,
           which
           having
           once
           got
           out
           of
           it
           ,
           will
           be
           continually
           mischievous
           ,
           
           till
           at
           last
           it
           be
           either
           destroy'd
           or
           brought
           into
           its
           former
           restraint
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCII.
           
        
         
           WE
           ought
           to
           be
           very
           moderate
           and
           cautious
           in
           the
           commendations
           of
           persons
           .
           For
           as
           it
           is
           natural
           for
           any
           one
           ,
           to
           resent
           his
           being
           disparag'd
           ,
           so
           ,
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           excessive
           ,
           commendation
           (
           besides
           the
           hazard
           it
           implies
           of
           his
           judgement
           who
           commends
           ,
           and
           the
           greatness
           of
           his
           merit
           who
           is
           commended
           )
           is
           many
           times
           offensive
           to
           him
           who
           hears
           it
           .
           That
           portion
           of
           self
           love
           ,
           which
           every
           one
           has
           ,
           even
           though
           he
           is
           not
           sensible
           of
           it
           ,
           makes
           us
           immediately
           apply
           to
           our selves
           the
           commendations
           and
           discommendations
           which
           we
           hear
           given
           to
           others
           ,
           and
           confequently
           we
           imagine
           our selves
           concerned
           therein
           ,
           though
           they
           are
           not
           purposely
           directed
           to
           us
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCIII
           .
        
         
           WHen
           the
           Prince
           has
           fortify'd
           himself
           with
           the
           allyances
           of
           excellent
           Captains
           ,
           valiant
           Souldiers
           ,
           Arms
           ,
           Mony
           ,
           and
           strong
           places
           ,
           his
           next
           work
           must
           be
           to
           weaken
           the
           Forces
           ,
           and
           to
           defeat
           the
           designes
           of
           the
           Enemy
           ;
           and
           that
           is
           done
           more
           slowly
           or
           with
           greater
           expedition
           ,
           according
           as
           occasion
           offers
           it self
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           source
           of
           every
           great
           and
           transcendent
           action
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCIV.
           
        
         
           IT
           seldom
           happens
           ,
           that
           a
           vertuous
           man
           will
           be
           ambitious
           of
           soveraignty
           by
           indirect
           ways
           ,
           though
           his
           aim
           therein
           may
           be
           good
           ;
           and
           that
           a
           wicked
           person
           being
           once
           become
           great
           ,
           will
           ever
           use
           that
           authority
           well
           ,
           which
           he
           has
           attain'd
           by
           evil
           courses
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCV
           .
        
         
           THough
           a
           Successor
           in
           Government
           be
           not
           fully
           so
           remarkable
           for
           his
           vertue
           as
           the
           person
           whom
           he
           succeds
           ,
           yet
           may
           he
           maintain
           the
           state
           in
           the
           same
           grandeur
           he
           found
           it
           ,
           by
           the
           vertue
           of
           his
           Predecessor
           ,
           and
           make
           his
           advantage
           of
           the
           others
           labours
           .
           But
           if
           it
           happen
           that
           he
           does
           not
           live
           long
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           be
           again
           succeeded
           by
           one
           that
           does
           not
           follow
           the
           footsteps
           of
           the
           former
           ,
           such
           a
           State
           must
           needs
           degenerate
           .
           So
           ,
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           if
           two
           persons
           ,
           both
           eminent
           for
           the
           greatness
           of
           their
           vertue
           ,
           happen
           to
           be
           immediate
           Governours
           of
           the
           same
           Province
           ,
           they
           commonly
           do
           great
           things
           ,
           and
           give
           a
           smart
           stroke
           to
           the
           firm
           establishment
           of
           their
           Government
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCVI.
           
        
         
           II
           is
           a
           thing
           out
           of
           all
           controversy
           ,
           that
           if
           there
           be
           not
           Souldiers
           where
           there
           are
           men
           enough
           ,
           it
           proceeds
           from
           some
           defect
           in
           the
           Prince
           ,
           and
           not
           from
           that
           of
           Nature
           ,
           or
           the
           situation
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           or
           genius
           of
           the
           Inhabitants
           .
           And
           thence
           it
           comes
           ,
           that
           wise
           Princes
           keep
           up
           the
           exercise
           of
           War
           even
           in
           the
           times
           of
           peace
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCVII.
           
        
         
           IN
           a
           well-regulated
           Common-wealth
           ,
           the
           good
           Services
           and
           merits
           of
           Citizens
           shall
           make
           no
           plea
           for
           their
           Crimes
           ,
           if
           they
           be
           of
           any
           importance
           .
           For
           rewards
           being
           appointed
           for
           well
           doing
           ,
           and
           punishment
           for
           miscarriages
           ,
           it
           is
           an
           aggravation
           of
           their
           lapses
           who
           have
           done
           well
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           done
           so
           ,
           and
           therefore
           if
           they
           do
           amiss
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           account
           made
           
           of
           their
           former
           vertuous
           demeanour
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCVIII
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           would
           reform
           .
           a
           City
           ,
           to
           the
           general
           satisfaction
           of
           all
           its
           Inhabitants
           ,
           should
           endeavour
           what
           he
           can
           to
           retain
           the
           ancient
           Customs
           ,
           and
           that
           course
           of
           life
           which
           the
           people
           was
           traditionally
           inclin'd
           to
           ,
           that
           it
           may
           not
           seem
           to
           the
           Generality
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           any
           alteration
           in
           the
           Government
           ,
           though
           really
           there
           be
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           constitution
           thereof
           is
           a
           quite
           different
           thing
           from
           what
           it
           was
           before
           .
           For
           it
           is
           the
           humour
           of
           the
           Populace
           ,
           to
           be
           contented
           and
           layd
           asleep
           with
           that
           which
           seems
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           with
           that
           which
           really
           is
           ;
           and
           many
           times
           there
           are
           greater
           disturbances
           occasion'd
           by
           that
           which
           seems
           to
           be
           ,
           than
           there
           are
           by
           that
           which
           really
           is
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCIX.
           
        
         
           THE
           vice
           of
           Ingratitude
           proceeds
           either
           from
           avarice
           ,
           or
           distrust
           .
           When
           therefore
           a
           Prince
           or
           State
           sends
           out
           a
           General
           upon
           some
           important
           expedition
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           growes
           highly
           into
           repute
           thereby
           ;
           such
           a
           Prince
           or
           State
           is
           oblig'd
           to
           acknowledge
           and
           recompence
           the
           service
           done
           them
           .
           But
           if
           ,
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           they
           dishonour
           or
           affront
           him
           ,
           avatice
           prompts
           him
           to
           commit
           some
           inexcusable
           fault
           ,
           and
           so
           he
           brings
           himself
           into
           perpetual
           infamy
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCX
           .
        
         
           AMbition
           has
           so
           great
           an
           influence
           over
           the
           heart
           of
           man
           ,
           that
           it
           keeps
           a
           perpetual
           possession
           thereof
           .
           The
           reason
           of
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           mans
           disposition
           being
           naturally
           inclin'd
           to
           desire
           all
           things
           ,
           and
           his
           desires
           always
           excessively
           surmounting
           
           the
           means
           of
           obtaining
           them
           ,
           proves
           a
           continual
           occasion
           of
           discontent
           and
           repining
           .
           Thence
           proceeds
           the
           variety
           of
           mens
           conditions
           ,
           inasmuch
           as
           their
           labouring
           to
           augment
           ,
           and
           the
           fear
           of
           losing
           what
           they
           are
           possess'd
           of
           ,
           occasions
           Quarrels
           ,
           Animosities
           ,
           and
           Wars
           ,
           and
           those
           are
           the
           fore-runners
           of
           the
           ruine
           of
           one
           Province
           ,
           and
           the
           aggrandization
           of
           another
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXI.
           
        
         
           THat
           Prince
           who
           would
           keep
           up
           his
           Estate
           in
           a
           flourishing
           condition
           ,
           will
           not
           only
           be
           careful
           in
           the
           removing
           of
           present
           scandals
           ,
           but
           also
           use
           his
           utmost
           industry
           in
           providing
           against
           such
           as
           may
           happen
           .
           In
           regard
           that
           if
           he
           make
           timely
           provision
           against
           them
           ,
           they
           are
           easily
           reform'd
           ;
           whereas
           if
           the
           evil
           be
           grown
           up
           to
           a
           head
           ,
           the
           remedy
           comes
           too
           late
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXII.
           
        
         
           IT
           is
           not
           to
           be
           admir'd
           ,
           that
           those
           Princes
           who
           are
           very
           powerful
           and
           have
           a
           numerous
           issue
           should
           have
           their
           thoughts
           much
           bent
           upon
           War
           ;
           and
           that
           ,
           either
           out
           of
           a
           motive
           of
           honour
           ,
           or
           to
           make
           provision
           for
           their
           progeny
           ,
           by
           Military
           Employments
           ,
           or
           forreign
           Governments
           ,
           if
           they
           have
           Colonies
           in
           remote
           parts
           of
           the
           world
           ;
           or
           lastly
           to
           prevent
           the
           disturbances
           which
           may
           be
           occasion'd
           by
           the
           different
           pretensions
           of
           younger
           Brothers
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXIII.
           
        
         
           THE
           wise
           servant
           ought
           to
           imitate
           the
           excellent
           Physician
           ,
           and
           foresee
           what
           he
           should
           hope
           or
           fear
           ,
           neither
           hoping
           nor
           fearing
           more
           or
           less
           than
           is
           convenient
           ,
           so
           that
           he
           may
           always
           know
           whether
           his
           hope
           be
           in
           its
           augmentation
           ,
           or
           at
           
           its
           full
           height
           ,
           or
           in
           its
           declining
           state
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           prognosticate
           what
           he
           is
           to
           expect
           .
           Being
           thus
           precaution'd
           ,
           he
           will
           have
           his
           Judgment
           as
           it
           were
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           not
           suffering
           it
           to
           be
           heightned
           by
           hope
           ,
           or
           to
           be
           depress'd
           by
           fear
           :
           and
           so
           he
           will
           prudently
           manage
           the
           Affairs
           of
           his
           Master
           ,
           whose
           advantage
           .
           he
           minds
           equally
           with
           his
           own
           repute
           ,
           in
           the
           Negotiation
           wherein
           he
           is
           employ'd
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXIV.
           
        
         
           PLato
           would
           have
           the
           devoir
           of
           a
           good
           Citizen
           to
           consist
           in
           these
           four
           things
           ;
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           be
           prudent
           in
           diserning
           well
           what
           is
           most
           conducive
           to
           the
           common
           good
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           to
           things
           present
           ,
           as
           to
           come
           ;
           that
           he
           be
           just
           ,
           in
           distributing
           to
           every
           one
           what
           is
           due
           to
           him
           ;
           that
           he
           be
           vertuous
           ,
           in
           surmounting
           the
           fear
           which
           commonly
           obstructs
           he
           exercises
           of
           vertue
           ;
           
           and
           lastly
           ,
           that
           he
           have
           an
           absolute
           soveraignty
           over
           his
           affections
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXV
           .
        
         
           THE
           shortest
           and
           surest
           way
           for
           Princes
           to
           make
           a
           mutual
           discovery
           of
           their
           different
           designes
           ,
           is
           that
           of
           Ambassadors
           ,
           especially
           if
           they
           be
           persons
           of
           great
           repute
           either
           upon
           the
           score
           of
           the
           Grandeur
           of
           their
           Masters
           ,
           or
           that
           of
           their
           own
           Vertue
           .
           For
           it
           being
           their
           business
           to
           treat
           always
           with
           great
           persons
           ,
           and
           diligently
           to
           weigh
           the
           actions
           ,
           deportment
           ,
           words
           ,
           and
           advices
           of
           those
           with
           whom
           they
           negotiate
           ,
           and
           also
           those
           of
           the
           Prince
           himself
           ,
           they
           from
           the
           present
           conjuncture
           of
           affairs
           infer
           what
           is
           most
           likely
           to
           come
           to
           pass
           afterwards
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXVI
           .
        
         
           WHen
           men
           propose
           to
           themselves
           the
           doing
           of
           some
           thing
           of
           great
           importance
           ,
           they
           ought
           ,
           
           with
           all
           the
           industry
           they
           can
           ,
           prepare
           themselves
           for
           it
           ,
           that
           when
           opportunity
           offers
           it self
           ,
           they
           may
           be
           ready
           to
           put
           their
           design
           in
           execution
           .
           When
           therefore
           all
           the
           preparatives
           are
           cautiouslly
           made
           ,
           there
           should
           be
           no
           discovery
           made
           thereof
           till
           the
           opportunity
           of
           action
           does
           it
           ;
           and
           then
           if
           there
           be
           a
           neglect
           in
           the
           execution
           ,
           it
           argues
           that
           the
           persons
           concern'd
           therein
           were
           not
           sufficiently
           prepar'd
           ,
           or
           wanted
           courage
           to
           carry
           it
           on
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXVII
           .
        
         
           DIstributive
           Justice
           in
           a
           political
           Government
           ought
           to
           be
           regulated
           according
           to
           Geometrical
           proportion
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           quality
           of
           persons
           :
           otherwise
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           justice
           :
           as
           we
           see
           ,
           that
           infamy
           to
           a
           person
           of
           mean
           extraction
           amounts
           to
           little
           ,
           but
           to
           one
           nobly
           descended
           ,
           it
           is
           the
           most
           indigestible
           punishment
           .
           That
           Magistrate
           therefore
           
           who
           proceeds
           to
           the
           cognizance
           of
           merits
           and
           miscarriages
           ,
           favours
           and
           disgraces
           ,
           by
           the
           same
           measure
           ,
           not
           considering
           the
           diversity
           there
           may
           be
           between
           some
           persons
           and
           others
           ,
           according
           to
           their
           several
           qualifications
           ,
           is
           defective
           in
           the
           understanding
           of
           his
           duty
           ;
           in
           regard
           ,
           that
           persons
           of
           noble
           birth
           are
           discourag'd
           by
           the
           ignominy
           of
           being
           reduc'd
           to
           an
           equal
           rank
           with
           their
           inferiours
           ,
           and
           those
           ,
           of
           the
           meaner
           sort
           ,
           finding
           themselves
           treated
           as
           persons
           of
           better
           extraction
           ,
           grow
           thereby
           the
           more
           insolent
           and
           insupportable
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXVIII
           .
        
         
           WHen
           the
           Forces
           of
           a
           Prince
           are
           regulated
           by
           prudence
           and
           conduct
           ,
           they
           do
           admirable
           things
           ,
           securing
           his
           own
           concerns
           ,
           and
           those
           of
           his
           friends
           ,
           causing
           confusion
           and
           astonishment
           to
           his
           enemies
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXIX.
           
        
         
           IT
           may
           easily
           be
           observ'd
           by
           a
           person
           who
           shall
           examine
           things
           present
           with
           a
           reflection
           on
           the
           past
           ,
           how
           that
           in
           all
           Cities
           ,
           and
           among
           all
           Nations
           ,
           there
           are
           now
           the
           same
           inclinations
           ,
           and
           the
           same
           humours
           ,
           as
           were
           heretofore
           .
           So
           that
           it
           is
           no
           hard
           matter
           ,
           for
           such
           an
           Examiner
           ,
           from
           the
           things
           past
           ,
           to
           foresee
           what
           may
           happen
           in
           any
           Commonwealth
           ,
           and
           consequently
           that
           Prudence
           advises
           the
           practising
           of
           the
           same
           remedies
           which
           were
           used
           by
           the
           Ancients
           .
           But
           in
           regard
           those
           considerations
           have
           either
           been
           neglected
           ,
           or
           not
           fully
           comprehended
           by
           such
           as
           read
           ,
           or
           if
           they
           have
           been
           read
           ,
           they
           have
           not
           been
           understood
           by
           those
           who
           govern
           ,
           it
           follows
           ,
           that
           the
           same
           scandals
           and
           misgovernments
           happen
           at
           all
           times
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXX
           .
        
         
           THE
           only
           way
           to
           make
           a
           City
           flourish
           is
           to
           use
           all
           possible
           endeavours
           to
           supply
           it
           with
           Inhabitants
           ;
           and
           that
           is
           done
           either
           by
           love
           or
           force
           .
           'T
           is
           done
           by
           the
           former
           ,
           when
           the
           ways
           to
           it
           are
           free
           and
           secure
           to
           strangers
           who
           are
           desirous
           to
           make
           their
           habitations
           there
           ;
           by
           the
           latter
           ,
           when
           the
           neighbouring
           places
           are
           destroy'd
           ,
           and
           the
           Inhabitants
           thereof
           obliged
           to
           transplant
           themselves
           thither
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXI
           .
        
         
           A
           Small
           Republick
           cannot
           safely
           be
           possess'd
           of
           a
           City
           that
           is
           stronger
           and
           greater
           than
           it self
           .
           For
           otherwise
           its
           case
           would
           be
           like
           that
           of
           a
           Tree
           ,
           whose
           branches
           being
           too
           weighty
           for
           its
           boal
           ,
           weaken
           it
           so
           that
           the
           first
           blast
           of
           wind
           lays
           it
           on
           the
           ground
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXXII
           .
        
         
           A
           Prince
           or
           Republick
           should
           submit
           to
           any
           terms
           rather
           than
           have
           recourse
           to
           that
           Nation
           from
           which
           it
           hath
           assistance
           .
           For
           there
           cannot
           be
           a
           more
           plausible
           occasion
           for
           a
           Prince
           or
           Republick
           to
           possess
           themselves
           of
           a
           City
           or
           Province
           ,
           than
           when
           they
           send
           their
           Forces
           for
           the
           defence
           thereof
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXIII.
           
        
         
           OF
           all
           Estates
           that
           is
           the
           most
           miserable
           ,
           whether
           it
           be
           the
           case
           of
           a
           Prince
           or
           Republick
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           reduc'd
           to
           such
           extremities
           ,
           that
           they
           can
           neither
           accept
           of
           a
           Peace
           ,
           nor
           carry
           on
           a
           War.
           Such
           is
           the
           condition
           of
           those
           who
           on
           the
           one
           side
           are
           over-crush'd
           by
           the
           conditions
           that
           are
           proffer'd
           them
           of
           a
           peace
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           other
           being
           oblig'd
           to
           continue
           the
           War
           ,
           are
           forc'd
           to
           become
           a
           prey
           either
           to
           those
           
           who
           are
           their
           Auxiliaries
           ,
           or
           to
           their
           Enemies
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXIV.
           
        
         
           THE
           welfare
           of
           a
           Government
           consists
           in
           this
           that
           the
           subjects
           be
           so
           kept
           in
           ,
           as
           that
           they
           have
           not
           the
           power
           ,
           nor
           any
           reason
           to
           make
           a
           disturbance
           .
           And
           this
           is
           done
           ,
           either
           by
           making
           all
           secure
           in
           depriving
           them
           of
           the
           means
           of
           doing
           evil
           ,
           or
           gratifying
           them
           so
           well
           ,
           as
           that
           they
           may
           not
           have
           any
           plausible
           reason
           to
           desire
           a
           change
           of
           Government
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXV.
           
        
         
           THE
           Prince
           who
           is
           set
           upon
           by
           another
           greater
           than
           himself
           ,
           can
           hardly
           commit
           a
           greater
           errour
           than
           to
           refuse
           all
           overtures
           of
           accommodation
           ,
           especially
           when
           they
           are
           offer'd
           him
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           what
           is
           proffer'd
           cannot
           be
           so
           inconsiderable
           but
           that
           some
           advantage
           
           accrewes
           to
           him
           who
           accepts
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           is
           consider'd
           as
           part
           of
           a
           victory
           obtain'd
           by
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXVI
           .
        
         
           AMong
           the
           marks
           whereby
           it
           may
           be
           known
           what
           condition
           a
           State
           is
           in
           ,
           we
           are
           to
           consider
           the
           correspondence
           there
           is
           between
           it
           and
           its
           neighbours
           .
           For
           when
           it
           is
           so
           govern'd
           ,
           as
           that
           its
           Neighbours
           to
           gain
           its
           friendship
           become
           its
           Pensionaries
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           certain
           argument
           that
           such
           a
           State
           is
           in
           a
           flourishing
           condition
           :
           but
           when
           the
           neighbours
           that
           are
           inferiour
           to
           it
           ,
           are
           as
           so
           many
           Suckers
           thereto
           ,
           perpetually
           draining
           its
           Exchequer
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           great
           sign
           of
           weakness
           or
           want
           of
           conduct
           ,
           or
           corruption
           in
           the
           Government
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXVII
           .
        
         
           MEN
           in
           their
           actions
           ,
           especially
           those
           of
           importance
           ,
           ought
           
           to
           consider
           ,
           what
           is
           most
           convenient
           to
           be
           done
           ,
           and
           to
           accommodate
           themselves
           to
           the
           present
           conjuncture
           ;
           for
           they
           who
           either
           through
           an
           unfortunate
           election
           ,
           or
           out
           of
           a
           mutinous
           humour
           can
           admit
           of
           no
           acquiescence
           with
           the
           present
           time
           ,
           live
           for
           the
           most
           part
           in
           a
           wretched
           condition
           ,
           ever
           repining
           ,
           and
           vainly
           expecting
           a
           change
           of
           affairs
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXVIII
           .
        
         
           THat
           some
           men
           are
           successful
           in
           their
           undertakings
           ,
           and
           others
           not
           ,
           it
           is
           to
           be
           attributed
           to
           their
           complyance
           or
           discomplyance
           with
           the
           time
           proper
           for
           the
           execution
           thereof
           .
           Thence
           is
           it
           that
           we
           say
           some
           men
           proceed
           in
           their
           actions
           inconsiderately
           ,
           and
           as
           if
           they
           were
           surprized
           ,
           while
           others
           do
           nothing
           without
           a
           previous
           circumspection
           and
           scrutiny
           into
           all
           the
           particulars
           that
           may
           occur
           in
           their
           deportment
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXXIX
           .
        
         
           THat
           Commander
           who
           would
           have
           a
           City
           obstinately
           defend
           it self
           ,
           or
           an
           Army
           once
           engag'd
           to
           fight
           it
           out
           to
           the
           last
           man
           ,
           ought
           above
           all
           things
           to
           insinuate
           into
           them
           a
           persuasion
           of
           the
           necessity
           there
           is
           of
           fighting
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXX
           .
        
         
           THE
           wise
           Chieftain
           who
           proposes
           to
           himself
           the
           conquest
           of
           a
           Country
           or
           Province
           ,
           ought
           to
           measure
           the
           difficulties
           he
           may
           meet
           withal
           ,
           by
           considering
           the
           Necessity
           ,
           which
           may
           force
           the
           Inhabitants
           of
           the
           Country
           to
           defend
           themselves
           ,
           answerably
           to
           the
           greatness
           of
           the
           necessity
           in
           those
           who
           are
           to
           defend
           themselves
           against
           him
           ,
           to
           make
           account
           that
           his
           expedition
           will
           be
           more
           or
           less
           difficult
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXXXI
           .
        
         
           AMong
           other
           points
           of
           Military
           Discipline
           ,
           a
           wise
           Captain
           ought
           to
           be
           especially
           careful
           ,
           what
           persons
           they
           are
           who
           take
           the
           word
           from
           him
           ;
           and
           to
           take
           order
           that
           his
           Souldiers
           believe
           not
           any
           but
           their
           own
           Officers
           ,
           who
           are
           not
           likely
           to
           say
           any
           thing
           to
           them
           but
           what
           they
           are
           entrusted
           withal
           .
           For
           want
           of
           a
           punctual
           observance
           of
           this
           point
           ,
           incredible
           disorders
           have
           many
           times
           happen'd
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXXII
           .
        
         
           IN
           a
           Military
           expedition
           ,
           it
           is
           much
           better
           to
           send
           one
           single
           person
           ,
           though
           endu'd
           but
           with
           ordinary
           prudence
           ,
           than
           two
           together
           ,
           though
           very
           valiant
           persons
           ,
           invested
           with
           equal
           authority
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CXXXIII
           .
        
         
           SOme
           Cities
           and
           Provinces
           ,
           which
           have
           held
           out
           against
           all
           extremities
           of
           War
           ,
           have
           been
           reduc'd
           by
           some
           extraordinay
           example
           of
           generosity
           ,
           humanity
           ,
           or
           chastity
           .
           Of
           this
           there
           are
           many
           examples
           in
           the
           Roman
           Histories
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXXIV
           .
        
         
           HE
           who
           is
           over-earnestly
           desirous
           of
           being
           lov'd
           ,
           if
           he
           exceed
           ever
           so
           little
           in
           the
           artifices
           of
           insinuating
           himself
           ,
           becomes
           contemptible
           ;
           and
           ,
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           he
           who
           is
           over
           desirous
           to
           be
           fear'd
           ,
           if
           he
           exceeds
           the
           true
           measure
           ,
           becomes
           odious
           .
           He
           who
           can
           observe
           a
           mean
           in
           these
           procedures
           must
           be
           a
           person
           of
           a
           great
           and
           exemplary
           vertue
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXXV
           .
        
         
           THE
           only
           way
           to
           avoid
           the
           infamy
           or
           danger
           which
           is
           consequent
           
           to
           the
           giving
           of
           counsel
           ,
           is
           ,
           to
           take
           things
           moderately
           ,
           to
           give
           advice
           without
           passion
           ,
           and
           to
           defend
           it
           with
           modesty
           ;
           So
           that
           the
           Prince
           or
           City
           ,
           who
           receives
           and
           follows
           the
           advice
           may
           do
           it
           voluntarily
           ,
           and
           not
           seem
           to
           be
           over-sway'd
           by
           the
           importunity
           of
           him
           who
           is
           consulted
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXXVI
           .
        
         
           THE
           wise
           Captain
           who
           has
           to
           do
           with
           a
           new
           Enemy
           ,
           whose
           reputation
           is
           great
           ,
           should
           make
           a
           previous
           tryal
           of
           his
           Souldiers
           ,
           by
           small
           engagements
           with
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           before
           he
           comes
           to
           the
           hazard
           of
           a
           pitch'd
           Battel
           ,
           to
           the
           end
           that
           by
           such
           prelusory
           skirmishes
           there
           may
           be
           an
           abatement
           made
           of
           that
           terrour
           ,
           which
           the
           noise
           and
           reputation
           of
           such
           an
           Enemy
           might
           have
           rais'd
           in
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXXXVII
           .
        
         
           TO
           use
           Stratagems
           and
           circumventions
           upon
           all
           other
           occasions
           ,
           raises
           a
           dislike
           of
           the
           person
           using
           it
           ;
           but
           in
           Military
           concerns
           it
           is
           otherwise
           ,
           in
           so
           much
           ,
           that
           he
           who
           subdues
           his
           enemy
           by
           a
           stratagem
           ,
           is
           as
           highly
           commended
           ,
           as
           he
           that
           does
           it
           by
           force
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXXXVIII
           .
        
         
           A
           Resolution
           taken
           up
           with
           too
           much
           precipitancy
           ,
           or
           an
           over
           earnest
           affection
           ,
           proves
           for
           the
           most
           part
           unfortunate
           .
           The
           former
           allowes
           not
           the
           time
           to
           ruminate
           on
           the
           things
           which
           are
           to
           be
           considered
           ;
           the
           latter
           takes
           up
           the
           mind
           so
           ,
           that
           it
           heeds
           not
           any
           thing
           but
           what
           immediately
           press
           upon
           it
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXXXIX
           .
        
         
           A
           Man
           is
           much
           more
           concern'd
           at
           a
           pleasure
           or
           dipleasure
           newly
           done
           him
           ,
           than
           he
           is
           at
           a
           signal
           kindness
           ,
           which
           he
           had
           receiv'd
           some
           considerable
           time
           before
           .
           Thus
           a
           mans
           immediate
           exigences
           make
           a
           much
           greater
           impression
           upon
           him
           ,
           than
           either
           the
           remembrance
           of
           that
           which
           is
           past
           ,
           or
           the
           foresight
           of
           that
           which
           is
           to
           come
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXL
           .
        
         
           BEsides
           many
           other
           misfortunes
           which
           must
           attend
           a
           Prince
           who
           is
           neligent
           in
           the
           affairs
           of
           War
           ,
           these
           two
           are
           most
           obvious
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           he
           cannot
           be
           respected
           by
           the
           Souldiery
           ,
           nor
           repose
           any
           trust
           in
           them
           .
           To
           remedy
           this
           ,
           there
           are
           two
           expedients
           ;
           one
           relating
           to
           the
           Body
           ,
           the
           other
           to
           the
           Mind
           .
           The
           former
           requires
           the
           following
           
           of
           the
           noblest
           and
           most
           generous
           sort
           of
           exercises
           ,
           such
           as
           hunting
           ,
           whereby
           his
           person
           is
           enur'd
           to
           the
           supporting
           of
           all
           inconveniencies
           ,
           and
           he
           is
           enabled
           to
           observe
           the
           advantages
           and
           situation
           of
           places
           .
           The
           latter
           consists
           in
           the
           reading
           of
           Histories
           ,
           and
           ,
           in
           them
           ,
           reflecting
           on
           the
           actions
           of
           excellent
           men
           ,
           and
           how
           they
           demean'd
           themselves
           in
           their
           wars
           ,
           examining
           the
           occasions
           of
           their
           Victories
           ,
           or
           losses
           ,
           and
           above
           all
           ,
           in
           imitating
           those
           whose
           great
           Characters
           Time
           has
           transmitted
           to
           us
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXLI.
           
        
         
           IT
           is
           greater
           wisdom
           for
           a
           man
           to
           be
           accounted
           poor
           ,
           though
           some
           shame
           be
           consequent
           thereto
           ,
           provided
           he
           do
           not
           incurhatred
           or
           contempt
           ,
           than
           to
           gain
           the
           title
           of
           a
           liberal
           person
           by
           rapine
           and
           injustice
           ,
           which
           are
           ever
           attended
           by
           infamy
           and
           aversion
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXLII.
           
        
         
           HE
           who
           thinks
           to
           advance
           himself
           by
           his
           dependence
           on
           a
           great
           Person
           ,
           and
           is
           desirous
           to
           be
           employ'd
           by
           him
           ,
           ought
           to
           keep
           as
           much
           as
           he
           can
           possibly
           in
           his
           presence
           .
           For
           ever
           and
           anon
           ,
           there
           happen
           occasions
           ,
           wherein
           he
           recommends
           some
           affair
           to
           him
           who
           is
           next
           at
           hand
           ,
           which
           he
           would
           not
           do
           ,
           if
           the
           other
           were
           to
           seek
           :
           and
           he
           who
           misses
           the
           beginning
           of
           his
           advancement
           does
           many
           times
           forfeit
           his
           access
           to
           great
           things
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXLIII
           .
        
         
           IN
           the
           particular
           accidents
           of
           War
           ,
           Chance
           (
           which
           is
           commonly
           known
           by
           the
           name
           of
           Fortune
           )
           has
           a
           greater
           influence
           than
           in
           other
           humane
           actions
           .
           For
           the
           different
           situation
           of
           places
           ,
           the
           advantages
           of
           encamping
           ,
           the
           diversity
           of
           the
           air
           ,
           diseases
           ,
           want
           of
           mony
           ,
           scarcity
           of
           
           provisions
           ,
           spies
           ,
           guides
           ,
           false
           intelligence
           ,
           the
           contrivances
           of
           publick
           Ministers
           ,
           and
           divers
           other
           things
           occasion
           an
           infinite
           variety
           in
           the
           occurrences
           of
           War.
           
        
      
       
         
           CCXLIV
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           more
           probable
           ,
           that
           an
           experienc'd
           Sea
           Commander
           ,
           who
           has
           ben
           accustom'd
           to
           fight
           against
           winds
           ,
           waves
           ,
           and
           men
           ,
           should
           make
           a
           good
           Captain
           at
           Land
           ,
           where
           he
           has
           only
           men
           to
           deal
           withal
           ,
           than
           that
           a
           Land-Captain
           should
           make
           a
           good
           Commander
           at
           Sea.
           
        
      
       
         
           CCXLV
           .
        
         
           THose
           very
           persons
           ,
           who
           attribute
           most
           to
           Vertue
           or
           Prudence
           ,
           only
           that
           they
           might
           exclude
           what
           is
           attributed
           to
           Fortune
           ,
           cannot
           deny
           but
           that
           it
           is
           an
           extraordinary
           chance
           ,
           for
           any
           man
           to
           live
           and
           flourish
           at
           such
           time
           ,
           
           when
           those
           Vertues
           are
           in
           esteem
           for
           which
           he
           is
           most
           recommendable
           ,
           or
           to
           be
           concern'd
           in
           such
           an
           occasion
           ,
           as
           where
           they
           are
           most
           necessarily
           to
           be
           practis'd
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXLVI
           .
        
         
           THE
           Ministers
           and
           Favourites
           of
           Princes
           ,
           if
           they
           are
           wise
           ,
           ought
           to
           procure
           all
           the
           fair
           correspondence
           that
           may
           be
           between
           them
           and
           their
           neighbouring
           Princes
           ,
           and
           withal
           to
           raise
           in
           them
           a
           tenderness
           and
           affection
           for
           their
           subjects
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXLVII.
           
        
         
           IT
           being
           every
           mans
           case
           at
           some
           time
           or
           other
           to
           stand
           in
           need
           of
           anothers
           assistance
           ,
           where
           there
           is
           no
           precedent
           obligation
           upon
           the
           score
           of
           benefits
           receiv'd
           ,
           nor
           any
           consideration
           of
           intimate
           friendship
           ,
           or
           allyance
           ,
           the
           person
           solliciting
           ought
           ,
           for
           this
           reason
           ,
           
           to
           make
           it
           appear
           ,
           that
           such
           his
           request
           is
           of
           great
           advantage
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           not
           any
           way
           prejudicial
           to
           him
           whom
           he
           expects
           liberally
           to
           grant
           his
           desire
           ;
           then
           he
           is
           to
           make
           him
           sensible
           ,
           how
           transcendently
           he
           will
           be
           oblig'd
           to
           him
           .
           And
           where
           he
           cannot
           urge
           any
           thing
           of
           this
           nature
           ,
           he
           ought
           not
           to
           be
           disgusted
           ,
           if
           he
           does
           not
           obtain
           what
           he
           desires
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCXLVIII
           .
        
         
           IN
           all
           affaires
           ,
           it
           is
           requisite
           first
           to
           use
           reason
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           force
           .
           In
           military
           designes
           therefore
           ,
           it
           is
           of
           greater
           concern
           to
           set
           ambushes
           for
           the
           Enemy
           ,
           than
           only
           to
           avoid
           his
           .
           The
           more
           a
           man
           governs
           himself
           by
           reason
           in
           any
           affair
           ,
           the
           more
           he
           advantages
           himself
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCXLIX
           .
        
         
           A
           Man
           makes
           a
           greater
           complaint
           when
           an
           injury
           is
           done
           him
           contrary
           to
           reason
           ,
           than
           when
           a
           violence
           is
           done
           him
           by
           force
           :
           for
           an
           injury
           has
           place
           between
           those
           who
           are
           otherwise
           equal
           in
           condition
           ;
           but
           force
           is
           a
           mark
           ,
           that
           he
           who
           uses
           it
           is
           more
           powerful
           ,
           than
           he
           on
           whom
           it
           is
           used
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCL
           .
        
         
           WHen
           we
           prepare
           our selves
           to
           go
           against
           our
           Enemies
           ,
           we
           should
           make
           account
           ,
           that
           the
           preparatives
           on
           their
           side
           are
           as
           great
           as
           those
           on
           ours
           ,
           not
           promising
           our selves
           any
           more
           success
           for
           the
           faults
           which
           we
           imagin
           they
           have
           committed
           ,
           but
           rather
           presuposing
           ,
           that
           having
           their
           senses
           ,
           and
           judgment
           about
           them
           ,
           they
           have
           provided
           
           for
           their
           affairs
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           we
           have
           done
           for
           ours
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCLI
           .
        
         
           A
           Wise
           man
           ought
           not
           to
           conceal
           the
           advantageous
           advice
           which
           he
           has
           to
           give
           his
           Country
           ,
           meerly
           out
           of
           the
           uncertainty
           there
           is
           of
           its
           being
           put
           in
           execution
           ;
           for
           time
           will
           discover
           the
           integrity
           and
           prudence
           of
           him
           that
           gave
           the
           advice
           ,
           and
           withal
           the
           temerity
           and
           extravagance
           of
           those
           who
           rejected
           it
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCLII
           .
        
         
           THough
           the
           act
           of
           Clemency
           should
           prove
           beneficial
           to
           the
           person
           by
           whom
           it
           is
           exercis'd
           ,
           yet
           does
           it
           sometimes
           tend
           to
           his
           prejudice
           .
           But
           this
           happens
           according
           to
           the
           subject
           on
           which
           it
           is
           exercis'd
           .
           For
           when
           it
           is
           done
           
           to
           a
           multitude
           ,
           it
           proves
           so
           much
           the
           more
           beneficial
           ,
           the
           more
           the
           obligation
           conferr'd
           thereby
           is
           multiply'd
           ,
           it
           being
           in
           a
           manner
           impossible
           ,
           that
           a
           numerous
           party
           having
           receiv'd
           a
           benefit
           ,
           should
           conspire
           together
           to
           be
           ungrateful
           to
           so
           great
           a
           Benefactor
           ;
           whereas
           one
           or
           few
           particular
           persons
           may
           be
           of
           so
           malignant
           a
           disposition
           ,
           as
           to
           fall
           ,
           immediatly
           after
           the
           reception
           of
           a
           great
           kindness
           ,
           into
           that
           horrid
           vice
           of
           ingratitude
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCLIII
           .
        
         
           THE
           best
           way
           for
           a
           Captain
           to
           inspire
           his
           Souldiers
           with
           an
           obstinate
           resolution
           of
           fighting
           ,
           is
           ,
           to
           put
           them
           out
           of
           all
           hopes
           of
           safety
           ,
           otherwise
           than
           by
           fighting
           .
           And
           that
           resolution
           is
           augmented
           in
           them
           by
           the
           confidence
           they
           have
           of
           their
           Comanders
           experience
           ,
           and
           the
           love
           they
           bear
           their
           Country
           .
           Divers
           
           other
           inducements
           may
           concur
           ,
           but
           the
           most
           pressing
           consideration
           is
           that
           which
           forces
           them
           either
           to
           conquer
           ,
           or
           dy
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCLIV
           .
        
         
           THE
           accomplishment
           of
           every
           enterprize
           is
           much
           more
           difficult
           than
           the
           beginning
           of
           it
           ;
           since
           the
           latter
           may
           be
           the
           effect
           of
           some
           lucky
           accident
           ,
           but
           the
           former
           requires
           resolution
           ,
           experience
           ,
           and
           conduct
           .
           Thus
           a
           Vessel
           may
           weather
           out
           a
           Tempest
           at
           Sea
           ,
           but
           when
           it
           comes
           near
           the
           Port
           ,
           the
           Pilot
           shews
           the
           utmost
           of
           his
           skill
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           narrow
           passage
           into
           it
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCLV.
           
        
         
           IT
           is
           a
           great
           presumption
           ,
           in
           any
           person
           ,
           how
           much
           so
           ever
           he
           may
           imagine
           himself
           in
           favour
           with
           his
           Prince
           ,
           to
           be
           over-forward
           in
           giving
           him
           advice
           .
           For
           the
           reflectons
           of
           Soveraigns
           being
           many
           times
           fixt
           upon
           things
           of
           a
           nature
           transcending
           the
           capacities
           of
           such
           as
           are
           about
           them
           ,
           it
           happens
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           secretly
           dissatisfy'd
           when
           they
           seem
           in
           some
           measure
           pleas'd
           .
           It
           is
           therefore
           the
           prudence
           of
           a
           Courtier
           ,
           to
           be
           alwaies
           so
           cautious
           ,
           in
           offering
           his
           advice
           ,
           as
           that
           there
           may
           be
           a
           presumptive
           probability
           ,
           of
           it
           s
           not
           becoming
           prejudicial
           to
           the
           Offerer
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCLVI.
           
        
         
           WHen
           a
           person
           ,
           who
           thinks
           himself
           in
           savour
           ,
           is
           of
           a
           sudden
           discountenanc'd
           ,
           he
           should
           not
           give
           the
           least
           admission
           to
           murmuring
           ,
           disgust
           ,
           or
           animosity
           ;
           but
           ,
           reflecting
           on
           what
           might
           be
           applicable
           to
           him
           ,
           upon
           the
           score
           of
           miscarriage
           ,
           endeavour
           ,
           by
           the
           arts
           of
           insinuation
           ,
           and
           complaisance
           ,
           to
           recover
           himself
           into
           his
           former
           station
           ,
           in
           the
           Princes
           affections
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCLVII
           .
        
         
           THere
           are
           two
           eminent
           requisites
           ,
           in
           those
           ,
           who
           are
           concern'd
           abroad
           ,
           as
           publick
           Ministers
           .
           For
           ,
           if
           they
           do
           not
           give
           evident
           proofs
           of
           their
           vigilance
           ,
           sedulity
           ,
           and
           sufficiency
           ,
           in
           managing
           the
           Negotiations
           wherein
           they
           are
           entrusted
           ,
           
           as
           also
           of
           their
           perspicacity
           ,
           in
           foreseeing
           what
           influence
           they
           may
           have
           on
           posterity
           ,
           there
           is
           a
           great
           deficiency
           in
           the
           discharge
           of
           the
           trust
           reposed
           in
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
           CCLVIII.
           
        
         
           THE
           main
           design
           of
           Government
           is
           prudentiallity
           carried
           on
           ,
           and
           advanc'd
           ,
           when
           there
           is
           an
           unanimity
           of
           counsels
           amongst
           those
           who
           have
           the
           administration
           of
           publick
           affairs
           .
           But
           when
           they
           are
           divided
           amongst
           themselves
           ,
           and
           promote
           different
           interests
           ,
           it
           argues
           a
           dangerous
           crisis
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CCLIX
           .
        
         
           GReat
           are
           the
           calamities
           consequent
           to
           War.
           The
           Treasury
           of
           the
           Prince
           is
           exhausted
           :
           Commerce
           is
           obstructed
           :
           and
           the
           devastations
           ,
           committed
           in
           a
           short
           time
           ,
           are
           not
           repair'd
           ,
           without
           a
           subsequent
           Peace
           ,
           of
           many
           years
           continuance
           .
           And
           such
           must
           needs
           be
           the
           condition
           of
           the
           many
           Countries
           ,
           now
           the
           seat
           of
           the
           present
           War.
           
        
      
       
         FINIS
         .