The second part of the soldiers grammar: or a schoole for young soldiers Especially for all such as are called to any place, or office, (how high or low soeuer) either in the citie, or countrey, for the training, and exercising of the trayned band, whether they be foote or horse. Together vvith perfect figures and demonstrations for attaining the knowledge of all manner of imbattailings, and other exercises. By G.M.
         Souldiers grammar. Part 2
         Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.
      
       
         
           1627
        
      
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             The second part of the soldiers grammar: or a schoole for young soldiers Especially for all such as are called to any place, or office, (how high or low soeuer) either in the citie, or countrey, for the training, and exercising of the trayned band, whether they be foote or horse. Together vvith perfect figures and demonstrations for attaining the knowledge of all manner of imbattailings, and other exercises. By G.M.
             Souldiers grammar. Part 2
             Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.
          
           [6], 1-32, 41-67, [1] p. : fold. diagrams
           
             Printed [by A. Mathewes] for Hugh Perry, and are to bee sold in Brittaines Bursse, at the signe of the Harrow,
             London :
             1627.
          
           
             G.M. = Gervase Markham.
             Printer's name from STC.
             Reproduction of the original in the British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Military art and science -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           SECOND
           PART
           OF
           THE
           SOLDIERS
           GRAMMAR
           :
           OR
           A
           SCHOOLE
           FOR
           Young
           Soldiers
           .
        
         
           Especially
           for
           all
           such
           as
           are
           called
           to
           any
           place
           ,
           or
           office
           ,
           (
           how
           high
           or
           low
           soeuer
           )
           either
           in
           the
           Citie
           ,
           or
           Countrey
           ,
           for
           the
           Training
           ,
           and
           exercising
           of
           the
           Trayned
           Band
           ,
           whether
           they
           be
           Foote
           or
           Horse
           .
        
         
           Together
           with
           perfect
           Figures
           and
           Demonstrations
           for
           attaining
           the
           knowledge
           of
           all
           manner
           of
           Imbattailings
           ,
           and
           other
           Exercises
           .
        
         
           By.
           G.
           M.
           
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             Hugh
             Perry
          
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           bee
           sold
           in
           
             Brittaines
             Bursse
          
           ,
           at
           the
           signe
           of
           the
           Harrow
           .
           1627.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           A
           Table
           of
           all
           the
           principall
           things
           handled
           in
           this
           Booke
           .
        
         
           
             
               CHAP.
               I
            
             
               OF
               the
               Ranges
               of
               Officers
               from
               the
               lowest
               to
               the
               highest
               .
            
             
               
                 Page
                 1
              
            
             
               Of
               the
               Launspesado
               ,
            
             
               Ibidem
            
             
               Of
               the
               Corporall
               ,
            
             
               
                 Pag.
                 2
              
            
             
               Of
               the
               Serieant
               of
               the
               Band
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Drumme
               ,
            
             
               3
            
             
               Of
               the
               Clarke
               of
               the
               Band
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Chyrurgion
               ,
            
             
               4
            
             
               Of
               the
               Ensigne
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Lieutenant
            
             
               5
            
             
               Of
               the
               Quarter-master
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Prouost-Marshall
               ,
            
             
               6
            
             
               Of
               the
               Captaine
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Sergeant
               Maiors
               of
               Regiments
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               Lieutenant
               Colonell
               of
               Regiments
               ,
            
             
               7
            
             
               Of
               Colonells
               of
               Regiments
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Sergeant
               Maior
               generall
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Colonell
               generall
               .
            
             
               8
            
             
               Of
               Lieutenant
               generall
               of
               the
               Horse
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Treasurer
               of
               the
               Army
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Master
               of
               the
               Ordnance
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Lord
               Marshall
               .
            
             
               9
            
             
               
               Of
               Lieutenant
               Generall
               of
               the
               Army
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Generall
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               A
               Second
               Raunge
               ,
            
             
               10
            
             
               Of
               the
               Master
               Gunner
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Trench-Master
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Waggon
               Master
               ,
            
             
               11
            
             
               Of
               the
               Forrage-Master
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Victuall-Master
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Iudge-Marshall
               ,
            
             
               12
            
             
               Of
               the
               Scout-Master
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Lieutenant
               of
               the
               Ordnance
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Muster-Master
               Generall
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             
               Chap.
               2.
               
            
             
               OF
               the
               seuerall
               Imbattellings
               of
               a
               priuate
               Company
               of
               two
               hundred
               ,
               or
               otherwise
               .
            
             
               17
            
             
               Differences
               in
               opinions
               touching
               a
               priuate
               Company
               ,
            
             
               Ib.
               
            
             
               The
               Roman
               rule
               for
               Companies
               ,
            
             
               14
            
             
               The
               true
               composition
               of
               a
               Company
               ,
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               first
               Imbattelling
               of
               200
               men
               ,
            
             
               15
            
             
               The
               second
               forme
               of
               Imbattelling
               ,
               being
               against
               Horse
               .
            
             
               17
            
             
               The
               manner
               of
               Sally
               or
               giuing
               of
               vollies
               against
               the
               Horse
               .
            
             
               19
            
             
               The
               manner
               of
               Volleyes
               ,
               when
               the
               Foot
               battaile
               is
               charged
               euery
               way
               .
            
             
               22
            
             
               The
               Imbattailing
               of
               many
               squares
               in
               one
               square
               .
            
             
               23
            
             
               The
               politique
               or
               deceiuing
               Battaile
               .
            
             
               25
            
             
               The
               Battaile
               to
               withstand
               the
               Wedge
               of
               Horse
               .
            
             
               27
            
             
               The
               square
               Battaile
               whereof
               to
               frame
               a
               Diamond
               .
            
             
               29
            
             
               The
               Diamond
               Battaile
               it selfe
               .
            
             
               30
            
             
               
               The
               Diamond
               Battaile
               brought
               into
               a
               Triangle
               ,
               or
               two
               Triangles
               .
            
             
               31
            
             
               The
               forme
               of
               Imbattelling
               for
               Speech
               ,
               or
               Parley
               .
            
             
               41
            
             
               Another
               forme
               of
               Imbattailing
               for
               Speech
               or
               Parley
               .
            
             
               42
            
             
               Of
               the
               Ring
               ,
               the
               halfe
               Moone
               ,
               the
               Spurre
               ,
               and
               the
               like
               Imbattellings
               .
            
             
               43
            
          
        
         
           
             
               Chap
               :
               3.
               
            
             
               The
               seuerall
               Imbattailings
               of
               a
               Regiment
               of
               1000
               men
               or
               more
               .
            
             
               44
            
             
               Disputation
               growne
               about
               Imbattailing
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               Authors
               discussion
               of
               the
               difference
               ,
               betweene
               whom
               the
               diffierence
               is
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               opinion
               of
               the
               newe
               Souldier
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               newe
               forme
               of
               imbattailing
               a
               Regiment
               .
            
             
               45
            
             
               The
               Numbers
               commanded
               ,
            
             
               46
            
             
               The
               opinion
               of
               the
               old
               Souldiers
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               old
               and
               auncient
               forme
               of
               Imbattailing
               a
               Regimnt
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               young
               Souldiers
               reasons
               for
               their
               opinions
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               old
               Souldiers
               reason
               for
               their
               oppinions
               .
            
             
               47
            
             
               Other
               reasons
               .
            
             
               49
            
             
               The
               danger
               of
               the
               first
               forme
               of
               Imbattailing
               .
            
             
               51
            
             
               The
               Authors
               censure
               of
               both
               the
               opiniones
               .
            
             
               52
            
             
               The
               former
               difference
               reconciled
               .
            
             
               Ibid
               :
            
          
        
         
           
           
             
               Chap.
               4.
               
            
             
               OF
               the
               Ioining
               of
               sundry
               Regiments
               together
               .
            
             
               53
            
             
               What
               is
               the
               great
               substance
               of
               the
               Arte
               Military
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               what
               Armies
               consist
               .
            
             
               bid
               .
            
             
               How
               to
               obserue
               dignity
               of
               place
               .
            
             
               54
            
             
               Regiments
               Ioined
               together
               in
               plaine
               battaile
               .
            
             
               55
            
             
               Who
               are
               to
               forme
               battailes
               .
            
             
               56
            
             
               Obseruation
               of
               grounds
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Regiments
               diuided
               yet
               brought
               into
               vniformitie
               .
            
             
               57
            
          
        
         
           
             
               Chap
               :
               5.
               
            
             
               THe
               forming
               of
               maine
               batailes
               of
               any
               extent
               or
               Number
               how
               great
               soeuer
               .
            
             
               56
            
             
               Obseruations
               in
               the
               Shaping
               of
               battailes
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               composition
               of
               battailes
               and
               the
               members
            
             
               60
            
             
               How
               to
               finde
               a
               square
               roote
               and
               the
               vse
               thereof
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               The
               diuiding
               of
               a
               battaile
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Alteration
               of
               Squares
               ,
               or
               squares
               in
               squares
               .
            
             
               61
            
             
               Of
               Forlornes
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Vantguard
               .
            
             
               62
            
             
               Of
               the
               battaile
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Reare
               .
            
             
               Ibid.
               
            
             
               Of
               the
               Horse
               battaile
               and
               the
               greate
               Ordnance
               with
               the
               guard
               thereof
               .
            
             
               63
            
             
               The
               portrature
               of
               a
               plaine
               ordinary
               battaile
               .
            
             
               64
            
             
               The
               Wind-Mille
               battaile
               of
               50000
               men
               ,
               Foote
               and
               Horse
               .
            
             
               65
            
          
        
         
           The
           end
           of
           the
           Table
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           THE
           SECOND
           PART
           OF
           the
           Souldiers
           Grammar
           .
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             1.
             
             Of
             the
             Raunge
             of
             Officers
             ,
             from
             the
             lowest
             to
             the
             Highest
             .
          
           
             ALl
             the
             lowe
             inferior
             Raunges
             I
             haue
             a
             little
             touched
             before
             ,
             both
             in
             the
             Accidence
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             first
             part
             of
             this
             Grammar
             ,
             but
             not
             so
             Methodically
             and
             orderly
             as
             now
             I
             entend
             to
             proceed
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             great
             and
             superiour
             Officers
             ,
             I
             haue
             not
             made
             any
             mention
             at
             all
             ;
             and
             therefore
             in
             this
             place
             I
             may
             not
             omitt
             them
             .
             
          
           
             The
             lowest
             Raunge
             and
             meanest
             officer
             in
             an
             Army
             is
             called
             the
             Launcepesado
             ,
             or
             Launspresado
             ,
             who
             is
             the
             leader
             or
             gouernour
             of
             halfe
             a
             File
             ,
             and
             therefore
             is
             commonly
             called
             a
             
               Midle
               man
            
             ,
             or
             Captaine
             
             ouer
             foure
             .
             He
             is
             the
             Corporals
             deputy
             ,
             and
             in
             his
             absence
             ,
             dischargeth
             his
             duties
             :
             the
             nature
             of
             whose
             place
             ,
             his
             Office
             and
             dignitie
             ,
             I
             haue
             at
             large
             set
             downe
             in
             the
             
               Souldiers
               Accidence
            
             :
             This
             is
             the
             most
             inferiour
             Officer
             or
             effectuall
             Commander
             ,
             and
             therefore
             hath
             the
             lowest
             and
             last
             Range
             in
             Battailes
             ,
             yet
             he
             holdeth
             his
             dignity
             by
             the
             antiquity
             of
             his
             Place
             ,
             and
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             him
             vnder
             whom
             he
             is
             commanded
             :
             As
             the
             Launspesado
             vnder
             the
             Generall
             ,
             is
             before
             the
             Launspesado
             vnder
             the
             Lieutenant-Generall
             ;
             that
             of
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
               Generall
            
             ,
             before
             the
             
               Colonell
               Generall
            
             ;
             that
             of
             the
             Colonell
             of
             a
             Regiment
             ,
             before
             his
             
               Lieutenant
               Colonell
            
             ;
             the
             
               Lieuetenant
               Colonell
            
             ,
             before
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
            
             of
             a
             Regiment
             ;
             the
             
               Seriant
               Maior
            
             ,
             before
             the
             Captaine
             ;
             and
             the
             Captaines
             successiuely
             according
             to
             their
             antiquities
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             aboue
             the
             Launspesado
             is
             raunged
             the
             Corporall
             ,
             of
             whose
             particular
             Office
             I
             haue
             written
             sufficiently
             in
             the
             
               Souldiers
               Accidence
            
             .
             He
             is
             the
             Leader
             or
             Captaine
             of
             a
             Fyle
             ,
             and
             the
             Commander
             of
             a
             Squadron
             ,
             which
             commonly
             is
             twenty
             fiue
             Men
             ;
             these
             take
             their
             ranges
             or
             places
             of
             dignitie
             as
             the
             former
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             antiquity
             ,
             and
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             the
             Person
             vnder
             whome
             they
             are
             commanded
             .
          
           
             
             The
             next
             in
             range
             aboue
             the
             Corporall
             is
             the
             Sergeant
             of
             the
             Band
             ,
             whose
             particular
             Office
             I
             haue
             also
             at
             large
             set
             downe
             in
             the
             
               Souldiers
               Accidence
            
             ;
             and
             howsoeuer
             his
             Name
             and
             Place
             be
             neglected
             and
             forgotten
             in
             the
             Roman
             Discypline
             ,
             yet
             is
             he
             an
             Officer
             with
             vs
             of
             great
             vse
             and
             eminence
             ;
             he
             hath
             no
             certaine
             place
             or
             range
             within
             the
             Battalia
             ,
             but
             is
             extrauegant
             
             and
             wandering
             vp
             &
             downe
             euery
             where
             ,
             to
             see
             the
             Ranks
             and
             Files
             be
             kept
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Bodie
             run
             not
             into
             any
             disorder
             ;
             they
             also
             take
             their
             places
             of
             dignity
             and
             are
             ranged
             as
             the
             former
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             antiquity
             ,
             and
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             the
             Person
             vnder
             whom
             they
             command
             .
          
           
             Next
             to
             the
             Sergeant
             of
             the
             Band
             is
             ranged
             the
             Drum
             ,
             
             whose
             place
             is
             Gentile
             and
             of
             great
             respect
             ,
             for
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             a
             Souldier
             of
             much
             experience
             and
             iudgement
             ,
             and
             (
             if
             possible
             )
             a
             good
             Linguist
             ,
             that
             being
             sent
             to
             the
             Enemy
             vpon
             any
             occasion
             ,
             he
             may
             be
             able
             to
             deliuer
             his
             Message
             without
             any
             Interpreter
             or
             assistant
             ,
             and
             also
             ,
             to
             take
             notice
             of
             such
             thinges
             of
             importance
             as
             shall
             encounter
             with
             his
             eies
             or
             eares
             ,
             whereby
             his
             owne
             party
             may
             be
             bettered
             or
             secured
             ;
             this
             Officer
             is
             ranged
             according
             to
             his
             antiquitie
             and
             greatnesse
             of
             place
             ;
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             the
             
               Drum
               Maior
            
             of
             the
             Army
             hath
             the
             first
             and
             principall
             range
             ,
             then
             the
             
               Drumm
               Maiors
            
             of
             Regiments
             successiuely
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             antiquities
             of
             their
             Colonells
             ;
             and
             so
             all
             other
             Drums
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             places
             of
             their
             Officers
             in
             chiefe
             &
             other
             Captaines
             .
             
          
           
             Next
             the
             Drum
             I
             range
             the
             Clearke
             of
             the
             Bande
             who
             although
             he
             be
             no
             Souldier
             ,
             nor
             haue
             any
             Martiall
             command
             in
             the
             Field
             ,
             or
             before
             the
             face
             of
             the
             Enemy
             ,
             yet
             ought
             he
             to
             be
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             good
             respect
             and
             well
             quallified
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             learned
             in
             all
             Martiall
             Lawes
             ,
             whereby
             he
             may
             instruct
             the
             Souldiers
             ,
             and
             preuent
             Trespasses
             ;
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             skilfull
             in
             accompts
             ,
             because
             he
             is
             the
             Auditor
             which
             keepeth
             all
             sorts
             of
             accompts
             betweene
             the
             Captaine
             and
             the
             Souldier
             ;
             as
             for
             his
             range
             ,
             it
             is
             incertaine
             ,
             for
             he
             hath
             no
             particular
             Place
             
             of
             preheminence
             ,
             but
             so
             far
             forth
             as
             his
             honest
             vertue
             and
             faire
             demeanour
             carrieth
             him
             ,
             so
             he
             is
             to
             be
             respected
             and
             preferred
             ,
             and
             this
             range
             will
             fall
             fitte
             both
             with
             his
             quallity
             and
             place
             ,
             as
             is
             seene
             in
             the
             generall
             experience
             both
             of
             our
             owne
             and
             other
             Armies
             ;
             and
             this
             Officer
             houldeth
             the
             dignity
             of
             his
             place
             ,
             not
             according
             to
             antiquitie
             ,
             but
             according
             to
             the
             greatnesse
             and
             great
             office
             of
             the
             Person
             vnder
             whom
             he
             serueth
             .
          
           
             Next
             to
             this
             Officer
             I
             range
             the
             Chirurgion
             ,
             
             who
             likewise
             is
             no
             Souldier
             ,
             but
             holdeth
             the
             dignitie
             of
             his
             place
             from
             curtesie
             and
             good
             manners
             ;
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             learned
             and
             skilfull
             in
             his
             profession
             ,
             &
             thereby
             hauing
             wonne
             the
             heart
             of
             the
             Souldier
             ,
             he
             need
             not
             doubt
             of
             reuerence
             ;
             as
             for
             his
             range
             in
             generall
             ,
             it
             is
             according
             to
             his
             desert
             and
             fayre
             demeanour
             ;
             but
             in
             particular
             (
             and
             amongst
             his
             fellow
             Chirurgions
             )
             the
             Chirurgion
             Maior
             hath
             the
             first
             range
             ,
             and
             then
             the
             rest
             according
             to
             antiquitie
             ,
             and
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             the
             Person
             vnder
             whom
             he
             serueth
             .
          
           
             Now
             to
             returne
             againe
             to
             the
             Souldier
             :
             The
             next
             Officer
             which
             is
             ranged
             in
             the
             warrs
             is
             the
             Ensigne
             of
             the
             Band
             ,
             
             or
             bearer
             of
             the
             Captaines
             Cullors
             ;
             this
             Officer
             ought
             to
             be
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             great
             respect
             and
             trust
             ,
             for
             his
             Captaines
             honour
             is
             deliuered
             into
             his
             care
             and
             keeping
             :
             Whence
             it
             came
             to
             passe
             that
             the
             antient
             Romans
             when
             they
             deliuered
             their
             Cullors
             to
             any
             mans
             trust
             ,
             they
             did
             it
             with
             great
             ceremonie
             and
             solemnity
             ,
             the
             partie
             trusted
             ,
             receiuing
             them
             by
             oath
             ,
             in
             the
             face
             of
             the
             Souldiers
             ;
             and
             the
             Souldiers
             likewise
             taking
             an
             oath
             for
             faythfulnesse
             to
             their
             Coullors
             ,
             and
             this
             oath
             was
             called
             
               Militia
               Sacrata
            
             :
             This
             Officer
             was
             called
             amongst
             the
             
               Romans
               ,
               
               Signifer
            
             ,
             or
             Bandopharus
             ,
             whom
             they
             euer
             ranged
             next
             vnto
             the
             Captaine
             ,
             as
             at
             this
             day
             the
             Spaniard
             doth
             ,
             who
             will
             not
             allow
             any
             Lieutenant
             ,
             because
             there
             shall
             not
             be
             any
             interposition
             betweene
             the
             Ensigne
             bearer
             and
             the
             Captaine
             ;
             but
             our
             discipline
             altereth
             in
             this
             nature
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             Ensigne
             taketh
             his
             range
             after
             his
             Lieutenant
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             his
             antiquitie
             ,
             or
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             the
             person
             vnder
             whom
             he
             commandeth
             ,
             hauing
             superiour
             Office
             or
             place
             of
             command
             in
             the
             Armie
             .
          
           
             Next
             to
             the
             Ensigne
             ,
             is
             ranged
             the
             Lieuetenant
             of
             a
             Band
             ,
             
             whom
             (
             howsoeuer
             the
             Romans
             and
             Spaniards
             doe
             skippe
             and
             leape
             ouer
             ,
             as
             a
             place
             neglected
             or
             forgotten
             )
             yet
             is
             he
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             singular
             trust
             and
             reputation
             ,
             for
             he
             is
             his
             Captaines
             principall
             Councelor
             ,
             and
             one
             that
             taketh
             all
             burthens
             from
             the
             Captaines
             shoulders
             :
             In
             the
             Captaines
             absence
             he
             performeth
             all
             the
             Captaines
             duties
             ,
             commandeth
             as
             Captaine
             ,
             and
             in
             his
             presence
             is
             assistant
             to
             all
             the
             Captaines
             commandements
             ,
             and
             an
             indifferent
             moderator
             in
             all
             questions
             betweene
             the
             Captaine
             and
             the
             Souldier
             :
             These
             Lieutenants
             take
             their
             ranges
             or
             places
             of
             dignitie
             according
             to
             the
             antiquitie
             of
             their
             Captaines
             ,
             and
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             place
             in
             which
             they
             command
             ;
             as
             the
             Lieutenant
             to
             the
             Generall
             ,
             or
             the
             Liuetenant
             Generall
             are
             Captaines
             absolute
             :
             The
             Lieutenants
             of
             other
             great
             and
             superiour
             Officers
             ,
             and
             the
             Lieutenants
             of
             Colonells
             are
             Captaines
             in
             curtesie
             ,
             and
             may
             in
             a
             Court
             of
             Warre
             fitte
             as
             the
             puny
             Captaine
             of
             that
             Regiment
             in
             which
             he
             commandeth
             :
             The
             Lieutenants
             of
             
               Lieutenant
               Colonells
            
             are
             ranged
             next
             vnto
             them
             ,
             then
             the
             Lieutenants
             of
             Serieant
             Maiors
             ,
             and
             lastly
             the
             Lieutenants
             of
             Captaines
             ,
             
             according
             to
             command
             and
             antiquitie
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             to
             the
             Liuetenants
             are
             ranged
             the
             Quarter
             Maisters
             of
             Regiments
             ,
             who
             besides
             the
             deuision
             of
             Quarters
             ,
             ought
             to
             discharge
             the
             office
             of
             Harbingers
             ,
             for
             to
             make
             them
             two
             distinkt
             places
             is
             a
             surcharge
             to
             the
             Army
             ,
             and
             these
             take
             their
             ranges
             according
             to
             the
             dignitie
             of
             the
             Regiment
             in
             which
             they
             commande
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             to
             the
             Quarter
             Masters
             are
             ranged
             the
             
               Prouost
               Marshalls
            
             of
             the
             best
             degree
             ,
             and
             these
             take
             their
             places
             according
             to
             their
             ellection
             and
             antiquitie
             .
          
           
             Aboue
             all
             these
             are
             ranged
             the
             Captaines
             ,
             of
             which
             amongst
             the
             Romans
             were
             two
             seuerall
             kindes
             ,
             the
             one
             called
             Centurion
             ,
             or
             a
             commander
             of
             one
             hundred
             ,
             the
             other
             
               Cohortis
               Praefectus
            
             ,
             and
             commanded
             an
             whole
             Battalia
             ,
             in
             which
             were
             diuers
             Centurions
             ,
             and
             yet
             but
             one
             Ensigne
             ;
             and
             these
             at
             this
             day
             are
             those
             which
             we
             call
             Colonells
             :
             But
             for
             the
             priuate
             Captaine
             (
             of
             whom
             we
             speake
             )
             he
             is
             (
             or
             ought
             to
             be
             )
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             great
             wisedome
             ,
             courage
             and
             iudgement
             ,
             wise
             in
             the
             election
             of
             his
             Officers
             and
             the
             manage
             of
             his
             affaires
             ,
             valyent
             in
             the
             executing
             of
             all
             manner
             of
             commands
             and
             the
             contempt
             of
             dangers
             ,
             and
             excellent
             in
             iudging
             of
             all
             occurrances
             and
             occasions
             ,
             by
             which
             great
             perrils
             may
             be
             preuented
             ,
             and
             the
             lesser
             so
             qualified
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             weare
             no
             vizzard
             of
             amazement
             :
             These
             Captaines
             take
             their
             ranges
             according
             to
             their
             antiquities
             ,
             or
             the
             places
             of
             great
             Office
             wherevnto
             they
             are
             aduaunced
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             to
             the
             Captaines
             are
             ranged
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maiors
            
             of
             Regiments
             ,
             being
             principall
             Captaines
             in
             the
             Regiment
             wherein
             they
             serue
             ,
             and
             hauing
             power
             vpon
             all
             commandements
             ,
             to
             imbattaile
             and
             forme
             
             the
             Regiment
             according
             to
             the
             forme
             and
             demonstration
             appointed
             by
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
            
             generall
             :
             These
             Officers
             take
             their
             range
             according
             to
             antiquitie
             ,
             and
             the
             dignitie
             of
             the
             place
             wherevnto
             they
             are
             called
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             to
             say
             )
             before
             euery
             priuate
             Capiaine
             .
          
           
             Next
             to
             these
             are
             ranged
             the
             
               Liuetenant
               Colonells
            
             of
             Regiments
             ,
             
             who
             are
             a
             degree
             aboue
             the
             Sergeant
             Maior
             ,
             and
             are
             Gentlemen
             of
             noble
             and
             braue
             quallity
             ,
             euery
             one
             in
             the
             absence
             of
             the
             Colonell
             gouerning
             as
             the
             absolute
             Colonell
             ;
             their
             range
             holdeth
             according
             to
             antiquitie
             and
             no
             otherwise
             .
          
           
             Next
             aboue
             these
             are
             ranged
             the
             Colonells
             ,
             who
             in
             in
             dignitie
             of
             place
             are
             as
             farre
             aboue
             the
             Captaines
             ,
             
             as
             the
             Captaines
             aboue
             the
             priuate
             Souldier
             ;
             they
             command
             in
             their
             Regiments
             sometimes
             fiue
             hundred
             ,
             sometimes
             a
             thousand
             ,
             sometimes
             fiueteene
             hundred
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             two
             thousand
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             trust
             reposed
             ,
             and
             the
             vertues
             of
             him
             trusted
             :
             These
             Colonells
             are
             ranged
             according
             to
             their
             antiquitie
             ,
             or
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             the
             place
             they
             hold
             ,
             the
             eldest
             Colonell
             (
             being
             euer
             
               Magister
               de
               Campo
            
             ,
             or
             ,
             
               Campe
               Master
            
             )
             holding
             the
             first
             or
             primer
             place
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             successiuely
             according
             to
             antiquitie
             :
             This
             Officer
             was
             of
             great
             account
             amongst
             the
             Romans
             ,
             and
             had
             diuers
             attributes
             giuen
             to
             their
             vertues
             ,
             being
             sometimes
             called
             Drungarius
             sometimes
             Tribunus
             or
             
               Militum
               ,
               Chiliarchus
            
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             ;
             and
             when
             their
             commands
             came
             to
             be
             aduanced
             as
             to
             be
             made
             
               Campe
               Master
            
             or
             
               Colonell
               Generall
            
             ,
             then
             they
             were
             caled
             
               Turmarca
               ,
               Merarca
            
             or
             
               Turmarū
               Praefectus
            
             ,
             so
             great
             was
             the
             estimation
             of
             this
             high
             cōmand
             .
          
           
             Next
             these
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
               Generall
            
             ,
             
             
             whom
             the
             Romans
             called
             Tessararius
             ,
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             a
             man
             of
             noble
             quallity
             and
             high
             vallour
             ,
             in
             asmuch
             as
             all
             his
             actions
             (
             for
             the
             most
             part
             )
             are
             executed
             in
             the
             face
             of
             the
             Enemy
             ,
             and
             he
             is
             euermore
             of
             the
             Councell
             of
             Warre
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             him
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               Colonell
               Generall
            
             ,
             a
             man
             of
             equall
             vertue
             and
             guifts
             with
             the
             former
             ,
             especially
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             exceeding
             temperate
             and
             iust
             ,
             for
             vpon
             him
             resteth
             the
             according
             of
             all
             differences
             of
             great
             nature
             which
             shall
             happen
             in
             the
             Army
             ;
             and
             he
             is
             also
             euermore
             one
             of
             the
             Councell
             of
             Warre
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             him
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               Liuetenant
               Generall
            
             of
             the
             Horse
             ,
             who
             hath
             the
             same
             command
             ,
             and
             dischargeth
             the
             same
             dutie
             amongst
             the
             Horsemen
             that
             the
             
               Colonell
               Generall
            
             doth
             amongst
             the
             Foote
             ,
             and
             he
             is
             euermore
             also
             one
             of
             the
             Councell
             of
             Warre
             :
             This
             Officer
             was
             called
             among
             the
             
               Romans
               ,
               Magister
               Equitum
            
             ,
             or
             
               Praefectus
               Equitum
            
             ;
             he
             hath
             a
             generall
             command
             ouer
             all
             Horsemen
             whatsoeuer
             ,
             whether
             they
             be
             Men
             at
             Armes
             which
             were
             called
             Cataphractos
             ;
             or
             Light
             Horsemen
             ,
             which
             were
             called
             
               Expeditos
               Incursores
            
             ;
             he
             is
             also
             euer
             of
             the
             Councell
             of
             Warre
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             this
             Officer
             ,
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               High
               Treasurer
            
             of
             the
             Army
             ,
             who
             amongst
             the
             antient
             Romans
             was
             called
             Quaestor
             ;
             this
             man
             is
             vnder
             no
             command
             but
             the
             Generall
             onely
             ,
             yet
             is
             to
             draw
             his
             eye
             and
             respect
             through
             the
             whole
             Army
             ,
             especially
             he
             is
             to
             haue
             regard
             to
             the
             
               Auditor
               ,
               Muster
               Master
            
             ,
             and
             Comissarie
             of
             the
             Armie
             ,
             and
             is
             of
             the
             Councell
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             to
             this
             Officer
             ,
             is
             ranged
             the
             Master
             of
             the
             Ordnance
             ,
             who
             is
             a
             principall
             Officer
             of
             the
             Field
             ,
             hauing
             command
             of
             all
             manner
             of
             Artillerie
             ,
             Munition
             ,
             
             and
             Engines
             whatsoeuer
             ,
             and
             is
             also
             one
             of
             the
             Councell
             of
             Warre
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             great
             Officer
             is
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             of
             the
             Field
             ,
             
             whose
             command
             stretcheth
             euery
             way
             ,
             both
             to
             the
             Horsse
             and
             Foote
             ;
             how
             excellent
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             ,
             is
             not
             to
             be
             disputed
             ,
             because
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             one
             of
             the
             best
             of
             Souldiers
             ,
             hauing
             a
             prerogatiue
             to
             disanull
             forraigne
             lawes
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             good
             whatsoeuer
             shall
             be
             thought
             fit
             in
             his
             owne
             Armie
             .
          
           
             Next
             this
             great
             Officer
             ,
             
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               Liuetenant
               Generall
            
             of
             the
             Armie
             ,
             who
             indeed
             is
             but
             the
             younger
             brother
             to
             the
             Generall
             ,
             and
             in
             his
             absence
             hath
             his
             soueraigne
             authority
             ,
             and
             the
             absolute
             Rule
             of
             the
             Armie
             ,
             being
             (
             as
             it
             were
             )
             a
             Superintendant
             ouer
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             great
             ones
             .
          
           
             Lastly
             ,
             (
             as
             hauing
             no
             paralell
             ,
             
             but
             carrying
             a
             supreame
             and
             soueraigne
             authoritie
             ouer
             all
             the
             whole
             Armie
             )
             is
             ranged
             the
             Generall
             ,
             whom
             the
             auntient
             Souldiers
             would
             alow
             to
             be
             no
             lesse
             then
             a
             King
             ,
             valuing
             this
             high
             Place
             at
             so
             great
             a
             rate
             ,
             that
             they
             thought
             the
             best
             Subiect
             too
             meane
             to
             vndergoe
             it
             ;
             But
             we
             finde
             it
             otherwise
             ,
             and
             reason
             leades
             vs
             to
             better
             argument
             ;
             for
             although
             Kings
             are
             the
             best
             Generalls
             ,
             yet
             (
             God
             forbid
             )
             but
             they
             should
             haue
             that
             power
             and
             priueledge
             to
             elect
             out
             of
             their
             Noblest
             and
             best
             deserning
             Subiects
             ,
             such
             able
             and
             sufficient
             Generalls
             as
             may
             take
             vpon
             them
             the
             gouernment
             of
             an
             armie
             ,
             and
             not
             be
             tyed
             at
             all
             times
             and
             vpon
             all
             occasions
             to
             imbarque
             themselues
             into
             the
             danger
             of
             the
             Warres
             .
             Thus
             you
             see
             that
             Subiects
             may
             be
             Generalls
             ,
             yet
             indeed
             none
             worthily
             but
             the
             best
             of
             Subiects
             ,
             who
             for
             their
             excellent
             vertues
             draw
             the
             nearest
             in
             quality
             vnto
             Kings
             .
          
           
           
             
             Thus
             haue
             I
             runne
             through
             the
             whole
             Range
             of
             great
             and
             small
             Offices
             ,
             which
             support
             and
             gouerne
             an
             Army
             ,
             and
             must
             of
             necessity
             be
             (
             for
             their
             Marshiall
             imployment
             )
             in
             the
             range
             and
             martch
             thereof
             ;
             yet
             notwithstanding
             I
             must
             confesse
             ,
             I
             haue
             skipt
             or
             leapt
             ouer
             a
             range
             of
             Officers
             ,
             which
             out
             of
             certaine
             priueledges
             which
             they
             haue
             ,
             are
             more
             remote
             and
             abandoned
             from
             the
             Army
             ,
             or
             else
             haue
             such
             places
             of
             particularitie
             and
             certainetie
             ,
             that
             they
             doe
             not
             entirely
             mixe
             and
             ioyne
             with
             the
             grosse
             Bodie
             ;
             besides
             ,
             they
             haue
             another
             dependance
             ,
             and
             indeed
             are
             called
             the
             particuler
             Officers
             belonging
             vnto
             the
             Caualarie
             or
             Horse
             Armie
             ,
             and
             howsoeuer
             they
             haue
             Foote
             commands
             ,
             yet
             they
             depend
             and
             waite
             vpon
             the
             Horse
             ,
             and
             from
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             take
             all
             their
             directions
             .
          
           
             
             The
             first
             and
             the
             lowest
             of
             these
             is
             the
             
               Master
               Gunner
            
             ,
             who
             is
             indeed
             but
             an
             inferiour
             Officer
             vnder
             the
             Master
             of
             the
             Ordnance
             ;
             he
             hath
             athoritie
             ouer
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Gunners
             ,
             and
             ought
             to
             see
             that
             euery
             man
             performe
             his
             dutie
             :
             This
             Officer
             ,
             though
             he
             had
             no
             place
             amongst
             the
             Romans
             ,
             because
             the
             inuention
             of
             Powder
             was
             not
             then
             found
             out
             ,
             yet
             they
             had
             amongst
             them
             a
             kinde
             of
             Artillerie
             ,
             which
             they
             called
             
               Arietes
               ,
               Scorpions
               ,
               Balistas
               ,
               Arcubalistas
               ,
               Testudines
               ,
               Turres
               ,
            
             and
             a
             world
             of
             other
             Engines
             ,
             the
             Gouernor
             whereof
             was
             the
             same
             in
             nature
             that
             our
             
               Master
               Gunner
            
             is
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             aboue
             this
             Officer
             ,
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               Trench
               Master
            
             ,
             who
             hath
             command
             ouer
             all
             the
             P●●●ers
             in
             all
             their
             works
             ,
             and
             by
             his
             directions
             seeth
             all
             manner
             of
             Trenches
             cast
             vp
             ,
             whether
             it
             be
             for
             guard
             and
             inclosing
             of
             the
             Campe
             ,
             or
             for
             other
             particuler
             annoyance
             
             to
             the
             Enemy
             ,
             or
             for
             the
             building
             of
             Sconces
             or
             other
             defence
             or
             offence
             ,
             as
             directions
             shall
             be
             giuen
             .
          
           
             Next
             this
             Officer
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               Waggon
               Master
            
             or
             
               Carriadge
               Master
            
             Generall
             ,
             
             who
             amongst
             the
             Romans
             was
             called
             
               Impedimentorū
               Magistrū
            
             ,
             the
             Master
             of
             Impediments
             or
             hindrāces
             in
             the
             Warres
             ;
             for
             it
             is
             true
             ,
             that
             frō
             nicenesse
             &
             curiositie
             ,
             first
             grew
             the
             foundation
             of
             this
             Office
             ;
             he
             hath
             supreame
             authoritie
             ouer
             al
             Waggons
             ,
             Carriages
             ,
             Sledds
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             ,
             and
             foreseeth
             that
             they
             martch
             orderlie
             ,
             without
             cloying
             vp
             the
             hie
             waies
             ,
             or
             doing
             foule
             annoyances
             one
             to
             the
             other
             in
             their
             martches
             ,
             with
             a
             world
             of
             other
             obseruations
             ,
             which
             are
             too
             long
             to
             recite
             in
             this
             place
             .
          
           
             Next
             this
             Officer
             ,
             
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               Forrage
               Master
            
             Generall
             ,
             who
             is
             a
             principall
             dependant
             vpon
             the
             
               Lord
               Marshall
            
             :
             To
             this
             Officers
             charge
             is
             deliuered
             the
             disposing
             of
             all
             manner
             of
             Horse
             prouisions
             ,
             as
             Hay
             ,
             Corne
             ,
             Strawe
             ,
             Grasse
             ,
             Forrage
             ,
             &
             the
             like
             ,
             and
             he
             foreseeth
             that
             all
             inferiour
             Officers
             which
             haue
             charge
             herein
             doe
             their
             duties
             truely
             ,
             and
             that
             equall
             distribution
             be
             made
             ,
             and
             no
             Souldier
             hindred
             of
             his
             true
             alowance
             ,
             and
             where
             fault
             is
             ,
             to
             see
             due
             punishment
             executed
             on
             the
             offenders
             .
          
           
             Next
             this
             Officer
             ,
             
             is
             ranged
             the
             
               Victuall
               Master
            
             Generall
             ,
             to
             whose
             charge
             is
             deliuered
             all
             kinde
             of
             Foode
             and
             sustenance
             belonging
             to
             the
             Souldier
             ,
             as
             Bread
             ,
             Bisket
             ,
             Butter
             ,
             Cheese
             ,
             Beefe
             ,
             Poore-Iohn
             ,
             Haberdine
             ,
             Peafe
             ,
             Wheate
             ,
             Ryce
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             ,
             and
             by
             his
             inferiour
             Officers
             (
             which
             are
             called
             Prouant-Masters
             )
             he
             is
             to
             see
             that
             due
             distribution
             be
             made
             thereof
             amongst
             the
             Souldiers
             ,
             according
             to
             allowance
             from
             the
             superiour
             Officers
             .
          
           
           
             
             Next
             this
             ,
             is
             ranged
             the
             Iudge-Marshall
             ,
             or
             
               Comissarie
               generall
            
             ,
             who
             ought
             to
             be
             a
             learned
             Gentleman
             and
             skillfull
             in
             the
             ciuill
             and
             Marshall
             Lawes
             ,
             For
             he
             expoundeth
             them
             to
             the
             Souldier
             and
             giueeth
             sentence
             vpon
             all
             Offenders
             and
             Offences
             ;
             as
             they
             are
             decreed
             by
             a
             
               Marshall
               Court.
            
             
          
           
             
             Next
             this
             Officer
             is
             Randged
             the
             
               Scout-Master
               Generall
            
             ,
             who
             amongst
             the
             Romans
             was
             an
             Officer
             vnknowne
             ,
             because
             they
             neuer
             lodged
             their
             Horse
             without
             the
             verge
             of
             the
             Campe
             ,
             or
             the
             walls
             of
             the
             Towne
             as
             in
             our
             moderne
             warres
             now
             we
             doe
             ,
             yet
             had
             the
             Romans
             their
             discouerers
             ,
             which
             they
             called
             Scultators
             ,
             or
             Speculators
             ,
             or
             indeed
             Campiductores
             ,
             who
             differed
             little
             or
             nothing
             in
             their
             charge
             and
             Office
             from
             these
             which
             we
             call
             Scoutes
             ,
             or
             Scoute-Master
             ;
             this
             Officer
             hath
             command
             ouer
             all
             Scouts
             ,
             maketh
             ellection
             of
             places
             of
             danger
             where
             to
             place
             them
             ,
             and
             giueth
             them
             all
             directions
             which
             they
             are
             to
             obserue
             ;
             his
             dependance
             is
             vpon
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             ,
             and
             he
             is
             a
             principall
             Councellor
             in
             disposing
             of
             the
             Campe
             ,
             and
             informeth
             the
             manner
             of
             the
             
               Horse
               Parado
            
             when
             the
             watch
             is
             to
             be
             set
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             this
             officer
             is
             Ranged
             the
             Liuetenant
             of
             the
             Ordnance
             ,
             who
             hath
             his
             generall
             dependance
             on
             the
             Master
             of
             the
             Ordnance
             ,
             hauing
             vnder
             his
             charge
             the
             command
             of
             all
             the
             small
             Ordnance
             and
             Munition
             ;
             and
             in
             the
             absence
             of
             the
             Master
             commandeth
             as
             the
             Master
             ,
             both
             ouer
             the
             great
             and
             lesser
             Artillery
             and
             ouer
             all
             sorts
             of
             Officers
             depending
             vpon
             the
             Masters
             commandment
             ,
          
           
             
             The
             last
             and
             greatest
             of
             this
             second
             range
             is
             the
             
               Muster
               master
               Generall
            
             ,
             or
             Controuler
             of
             the
             Musters
             
             being
             an
             high
             and
             most
             necessary
             Officer
             in
             all
             royall
             Armies
             ;
             his
             Office
             extendeth
             to
             the
             numbring
             of
             men
             ,
             to
             the
             well
             Arming
             ,
             ordering
             and
             disposing
             of
             bodies
             ;
             to
             the
             preuenting
             of
             all
             manner
             of
             frauds
             and
             deceits
             in
             the
             Captains
             ,
             and
             their
             inferiour
             Officers
             :
             he
             hath
             the
             list
             of
             euery
             mans
             band
             ,
             preuents
             alterations
             ,
             hath
             the
             Controle
             of
             all
             inferiour
             Comisaries
             vnder
             him
             ,
             he
             appeaseth
             differences
             betwene
             Captaines
             and
             his
             Ministers
             ,
             giueth
             out
             all
             the
             warrants
             for
             full
             pay
             ,
             Checketh
             all
             grosse
             defaults
             and
             is
             euermore
             one
             of
             the
             Counsell
             of
             warre
             .
          
           
             Thus
             I
             haue
             shewed
             you
             a
             true
             range
             of
             all
             Officers
             in
             the
             warres
             ,
             from
             the
             lowest
             to
             the
             highest
             ,
             as
             also
             those
             which
             haue
             a
             Colatterall
             dependance
             ,
             by
             which
             it
             is
             easily
             for
             any
             man
             to
             vnderstand
             how
             they
             be
             ioyned
             and
             linckt
             together
             ;
             I
             will
             now
             descend
             to
             matters
             of
             other
             Importance
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             II.
             Of
             the
             seuerall
             Imbattalings
             of
             a
             priuate
             Company
             of
             200.
             or
             otherwise
             .
          
           
             THere
             hath
             bene
             ,
             
             and
             is
             at
             this
             day
             ,
             much
             disputation
             and
             Arguments
             amongst
             old
             and
             new
             Soldiers
             touching
             the
             composition
             or
             Number
             of
             a
             priuate
             Captains
             company
             ,
             some
             allowing
             more
             as
             200
             ,
             or
             250
             ,
             &
             300
             ,
             nay
             at
             this
             day
             500
             ,
             in
             a
             priuate
             Captaines
             Command
             ;
             others
             allow
             lesse
             ,
             as
             but
             50.
             or
             100
             or
             150
             at
             the
             most
             ,
             But
             in
             both
             these
             there
             are
             extreamities
             ;
             &
             as
             250
             ,
             300
             and
             500
             are
             more
             then
             any
             priuate
             man
             can
             well
             gouerne
             ,
             for
             neither
             can
             his
             eye
             or
             voice
             extend
             either
             to
             instruction
             or
             correction
             ,
             the
             front
             will
             be
             so
             dilated
             and
             spread
             ,
             for
             
             500
             :
             men
             must
             euer
             carry
             50
             :
             in
             brest
             ;
             so
             likewise
             the
             number
             of
             50
             :
             in
             the
             whole
             body
             is
             too
             few
             and
             neither
             sorteth
             with
             dicipline
             ,
             nor
             is
             an
             equall
             aduancment
             for
             a
             well
             deseruing
             Captain
             ;
             for
             if
             the
             Captaine
             of
             100
             :
             men
             haue
             but
             4s
             
               per
               diem
            
             entertinement
             ,
             then
             the
             Ceptaine
             of
             50
             :
             can
             expect
             but
             2s
             
               per
               diem
            
             which
             is
             to
             little
             eyther
             to
             support
             his
             place
             ,
             or
             maintaine
             the
             Ranke
             where
             vnto
             he
             is
             called
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             true
             that
             the
             ancient
             Romans
             allowed
             their
             Captaines
             but
             100
             :
             
             and
             ther
             vpon
             called
             them
             Centurions
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             true
             also
             that
             this
             is
             an
             wholsome
             preportion
             both
             in
             respect
             of
             the
             entertainement
             ,
             and
             easinesse
             of
             gouernement
             ,
             and
             the
             forme
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             which
             being
             a
             true
             square
             they
             are
             euer
             most
             ready
             and
             proper
             for
             the
             forming
             and
             fashioning
             of
             any
             grosse
             body
             or
             Battell
             what
             soeuer
             ;
             but
             notwithstanding
             the
             aptnesse
             and
             readinesse
             of
             this
             body
             ;
             yet
             the
             necessity
             of
             affaires
             ;
             the
             diligence
             and
             desert
             of
             well
             deseruing
             Spirits
             compells
             our
             Generalls
             to
             allow
             other
             numbers
             ,
             and
             as
             100
             men
             is
             thought
             sufficient
             for
             a
             Captaine
             at
             his
             first
             begining
             ,
             so
             an
             150
             ,
             or
             200
             men
             to
             him
             that
             hath
             excellently
             deserued
             is
             but
             a
             competent
             aduancement
             and
             by
             the
             ayd
             of
             sufficient
             Officers
             may
             be
             gouerned
             and
             instructed
             in
             all
             perfecton
             ,
             but
             to
             exceede
             this
             number
             of
             200
             :
             there
             will
             be
             euer
             errour
             found
             and
             aduancement
             will
             proue
             an
             hurt
             and
             Burthen
             .
          
           
             
             Sure
             then
             it
             must
             fall
             out
             in
             the
             Conclusion
             that
             200
             men
             is
             the
             only
             perfect
             number
             whereon
             to
             compound
             a
             priuate
             company
             :
             I
             will
             therefore
             take
             that
             number
             in
             hand
             and
             shew
             you
             the
             seuerall
             Imbattalings
             or
             formes
             of
             Battaile
             wherevnto
             they
             can
             be
             reducted
             :
             wherein
             you
             are
             first
             to
             conceiue
             
             that
             (
             according
             to
             our
             present
             discipline
             ,
             this
             number
             of
             200
             :
             men
             is
             deuided
             into
             two
             bodies
             equall
             ,
             or
             two
             distinct
             and
             seuerall
             weapons
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             100
             :
             Pyks
             ,
             and
             100
             Shott
             or
             Muskets
             :
             the
             Pyks
             I
             doe
             expresse
             vnder
             this
             carracter
             (
             p
             )
             and
             the
             Shott
             or
             Musquetts
             vnder
             this
             carracter
             :
             (
             s
             )
          
           
             The
             First
             imbattalling
             then
             of
             a
             Company
             of
             200
             :
             
             men
             is
             to
             draw
             them
             into
             a
             forme
             or
             kind
             of
             Square
             Body
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             forme
             of
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               First
               Forme
               of
               Imbattalling
               of
               two
               hundred
               men
               .
            
          
           
           
             This
             Battayll
             you
             see
             allmost
             drawne
             to
             a
             Square
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             distance
             ,
             for
             it
             is
             to
             be
             supposed
             ,
             that
             now
             this
             body
             standeth
             at
             order
             in
             Files
             ,
             which
             is
             three
             foote
             ;
             and
             at
             open
             order
             in
             Rankes
             ,
             which
             is
             Sixe
             foote
             :
             and
             so
             by
             extending
             the
             length
             the
             file
             is
             made
             as
             large
             as
             the
             front
             ;
             and
             of
             all
             Battailes
             this
             is
             the
             strongest
             and
             the
             best
             ,
             being
             ablest
             to
             bring
             most
             hands
             to
             fight
             without
             disorder
             and
             the
             soonest
             repaired
             and
             amended
             whensoeuer
             it
             shall
             come
             to
             any
             ruine
             ,
             for
             now
             it
             standeth
             ready
             for
             all
             motions
             what
             soeuer
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             an
             other
             manner
             of
             Imbattailing
             of
             this
             number
             ,
             when
             they
             shall
             encounter
             with
             a
             Troope
             of
             Horse
             ,
             the
             order
             and
             proportion
             whereof
             is
             Contained
             in
             this
             figure
             following
             :
          
           
             
               The
               second
               forme
               of
               Imbattailing
               being
               against
               Horse
               .
            
          
           
           
             Here
             in
             this
             Bataile
             you
             see
             how
             the
             ranks
             of
             Shott
             are
             drawne
             within
             the
             Ranks
             of
             Pikes
             and
             so
             couered
             and
             safeguarded
             that
             the
             Horsemen
             cannot
             charge
             or
             breake
             vpon
             ,
             or
             through
             them
             ,
             but
             with
             most
             eminent
             and
             certaine
             danger
             ,
             for
             the
             vollyes
             lie
             rrady
             prepard
             ,
             and
             the
             Pykes
             stand
             so
             that
             they
             cannot
             be
             enforced
             to
             any
             rout
             or
             disorder
             ;
             And
             here
             you
             shall
             take
             a
             principall
             obseruation
             ;
             that
             if
             the
             horse
             which
             shall
             charge
             this
             Battell
             of
             foote
             be
             Gentlemen
             at
             Armes
             ,
             Armed
             
               Cap
               a
               pe
            
             :
             from
             head
             to
             foote
             ;
             with
             strong
             Launces
             in
             their
             hands
             and
             Pistolls
             at
             the
             Saddle
             bow
             ;
             and
             the
             Horse
             Armed
             also
             both
             with
             defensiue
             &
             offensiue
             Armor
             ,
             then
             shall
             all
             the
             Pikes
             charge
             at
             the
             right
             foote
             and
             draw
             their
             swords
             ouer
             arme
             ,
             euery
             man
             with
             his
             former
             foote
             linking
             in
             his
             leaders
             hinder
             foote
             ;
             But
             if
             the
             Horse
             be
             but
             Curashieirs
             Armed
             from
             the
             head
             to
             knee
             ,
             with
             long
             Pystols
             and
             vnarmed
             Horses
             ,
             then
             shall
             all
             the
             Pykes
             charge
             aboue
             hand
             ,
             and
             not
             at
             the
             right
             foote
             ,
             and
             shall
             also
             aduance
             forward
             in
             their
             charge
             and
             offer
             to
             encounter
             with
             the
             Horse
             ,
             for
             their
             strength
             is
             such
             that
             it
             cannot
             be
             broken
             by
             vnarmed
             Horses
             ,
             nor
             can
             they
             be
             ruin'd
             but
             by
             the
             vtter
             losse
             of
             the
             Horse
             Troope
             ,
          
           
             Now
             for
             the
             manner
             of
             the
             Salley
             of
             this
             inclosed
             Shotte
             ,
             and
             how
             they
             shall
             giue
             their
             volley
             ,
             to
             the
             most
             anoiance
             of
             the
             enemy
             ,
             you
             shall
             perceiue
             it
             in
             the
             forme
             of
             this
             next
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               manuer
               of
               gining
               Volleis
               against
               the
               Horse
               .
            
          
           
           
             Heere
             you
             see
             that
             in
             this
             Salley
             or
             giuing
             of
             the
             volly
             against
             the
             horse
             ,
             one
             halfe
             of
             the
             Musquets
             (
             vpon
             the
             first
             appearance
             or
             approch
             of
             the
             Troope
             and
             before
             they
             come
             within
             distance
             to
             deliuer
             their
             pistols
             )
             Issueth
             fourth
             by
             the
             flanke
             ,
             which
             by
             wheele
             or
             otherwise
             ,
             by
             turning
             of
             faces
             you
             shall
             euer
             make
             the
             front
             ,
             and
             being
             aduanced
             some
             small
             distance
             they
             presently
             spread
             foorth
             themselues
             into
             one
             single
             file
             ,
             and
             so
             deliuer
             their
             volly
             alltogeather
             ,
             whilst
             the
             other
             haulfe
             of
             the
             Shotte
             ascend
             into
             their
             places
             ,
             and
             make
             ready
             ,
             then
             that
             parte
             of
             the
             Shot
             which
             did
             Issue
             foorth
             ,
             and
             haue
             giuen
             their
             volly
             ,
             shall
             with
             all
             conuenient
             speede
             retire
             themselues
             againe
             betwene
             the
             rankes
             ,
             and
             Passe
             behind
             the
             Shot
             which
             filleth
             their
             roomes
             and
             there
             lade
             thire
             Musquets
             againe
             ;
             whilest
             the
             Pikes
             charge
             either
             to
             the
             right
             foote
             ,
             or
             alloft
             according
             to
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             Horse
             Troope
             which
             chargeth
             them
             ;
             then
             the
             Horse
             wheeling
             about
             to
             recouer
             the
             second
             Pistoll
             the
             other
             halfe
             of
             the
             Shotte
             shall
             Issue
             out
             and
             deliuer
             their
             volly
             as
             the
             former
             .
          
           
             Now
             if
             the
             Horse
             Troope
             shall
             happen
             to
             deuide
             it selfe
             and
             so
             charge
             the
             foote
             Battell
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             or
             if
             they
             shall
             range
             themselues
             and
             charge
             euery
             way
             ,
             both
             before
             ,
             behind
             ,
             and
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             then
             shall
             the
             Shotte
             Issue
             out
             both
             wayes
             and
             girdle
             the
             Battaille
             round
             about
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             forme
             and
             fashion
             of
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               Volleis
               when
               the
               foote
               Battaile
               is
               charged
               euery
               way
               .
            
          
           
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             the
             Shotte
             issueth
             fourth
             equally
             on
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             and
             girdleth
             the
             foote
             Battalia
             round
             about
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             volly
             is
             giuen
             entirely
             and
             without
             impeachment
             or
             trouble
             one
             of
             another
             ,
             whereas
             to
             shoote
             ouer
             one
             anothers
             Shoulder
             or
             by
             making
             the
             First
             man
             kneele
             ,
             the
             Second
             stoope
             ,
             the
             Third
             bend
             his
             body
             ,
             the
             Fourth
             leane
             forward
             ,
             and
             the
             Fifte
             to
             stand
             vpright
             ,
             and
             so
             to
             deliuer
             their
             volly
             were
             both
             rude
             and
             disorderly
             ,
             bringing
             great
             danger
             to
             the
             Souldier
             ,
             and
             placing
             them
             in
             such
             a
             lame
             and
             vncomely
             Posture
             ,
             that
             all
             Agillity
             and
             aptnesse
             to
             doe
             seruice
             would
             be
             taken
             away
             and
             the
             enemy
             taking
             aduantage
             thereof
             would
             be
             much
             more
             ready
             and
             apte
             to
             breake
             in
             vpon
             them
             and
             driue
             them
             to
             rout
             and
             confusion
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             an
             other
             forme
             of
             Imbattaling
             this
             company
             of
             200
             men
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             excellent
             either
             against
             foote
             or
             Horse
             ,
             &
             hath
             so
             many
             seuerall
             waies
             to
             fight
             ,
             and
             that
             with
             such
             strength
             and
             safety
             ,
             that
             on
             which
             hand
             soeuer
             the
             Battaile
             shall
             be
             assailed
             ,
             yet
             it
             will
             stand
             impregnable
             ,
             the
             Shot
             so
             seconding
             the
             Pikes
             ,
             and
             the
             Pikes
             so
             garding
             the
             Shot
             that
             euery
             way
             it
             will
             giue
             a
             certaine
             and
             Infallibe
             repulse
             vnto
             the
             enemy
             .
             This
             Battaile
             is
             a
             square
             Battaile
             as
             the
             rest
             before
             shewed
             ;
             yet
             it
             is
             compounded
             of
             diuers
             squares
             or
             Maniples
             ,
             which
             amongst
             the
             best
             experienced
             Souldiers
             is
             held
             the
             best
             and
             safest
             way
             of
             fighting
             ,
             the
             forme
             of
             which
             Battaile
             is
             contained
             in
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Imbattelling
               of
               many
               Squares
               in
               one
               Square
               .
            
          
           
           
             Heere
             you
             see
             eight
             seuerall
             squares
             brought
             into
             one
             square
             ,
             and
             the
             ninth
             reserued
             voyd
             for
             the
             entertainement
             of
             the
             Ensigne
             ,
             &
             such
             short
             weapons
             as
             shall
             attend
             it
             ,
             which
             howsoeuer
             they
             be
             out
             of
             vse
             ,
             in
             the
             Low-Countries
             ,
             where
             groose
             Bodies
             ,
             seldome
             or
             neuer
             Ioyne
             ,
             yet
             with
             vs
             ,
             where
             hand
             Battaile
             must
             continually
             be
             expected
             ,
             they
             are
             not
             vnnecessary
             ,
             nor
             to
             be
             neglected
             .
             This
             forme
             of
             Battaile
             carrieth
             the
             front
             euery
             way
             ,
             and
             vpon
             the
             allteration
             of
             the
             face
             ,
             is
             ready
             to
             receiue
             the
             charge
             foure
             seuerall
             wayes
             at
             once
             ,
             with
             equall
             strength
             and
             oppositions
             ;
             for
             euery
             square
             is
             a
             seuerall
             Manuple
             ,
             and
             one
             so
             answering
             to
             another
             that
             nothing
             but
             multitudes
             can
             subdue
             it
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             againe
             another
             forme
             of
             Imbattailling
             these
             200
             :
             men
             ,
             which
             howsoeuer
             it
             carry
             an
             imaginary
             face
             of
             weaknesse
             ,
             yet
             it
             is
             strong
             and
             substantiall
             ,
             and
             was
             indeede
             inuented
             through
             the
             false
             shew
             ,
             to
             draw
             and
             bring
             the
             enemy
             on
             ,
             who
             being
             once
             ingadged
             ,
             in
             the
             open
             and
             weake
             places
             ,
             the
             Maniples
             or
             small
             squares
             ,
             at
             an
             instant
             retire
             ,
             and
             Ioyne
             them selues
             togeather
             so
             strongly
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             impossible
             for
             the
             enemy
             to
             come
             off
             without
             great
             losse
             or
             vtter
             subuersion
             .
          
           
             This
             Battaile
             (
             as
             the
             former
             )
             is
             compounded
             of
             nine
             squares
             fullfilled
             and
             supplied
             ,
             and
             of
             sixe
             empty
             and
             vnsupplied
             ,
             which
             may
             draw
             on
             ,
             and
             intice
             the
             enemy
             to
             charge
             ;
             but
             afterward
             by
             closing
             and
             Ioining
             together
             ,
             frustrateth
             that
             hope
             ,
             and
             leaues
             the
             euent
             to
             the
             hazard
             of
             fortune
             .
          
           
             The
             forme
             of
             this
             politike
             and
             deceiuing
             Battaile
             is
             expressd
             in
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Politique
               ,
               or
               deceiuing
               Battaile
               .
            
          
           
             Heere
             you
             see
             that
             though
             these
             empty
             places
             in
             the
             Battaile
             are
             reserued
             ,
             whereby
             to
             entice
             the
             enemy
             ;
             yet
             they
             are
             so
             slanked
             on
             either
             hand
             and
             before
             ,
             both
             with
             Pikes
             and
             Shotte
             ,
             that
             no
             approach
             
             can
             be
             made
             without
             danger
             :
             no
             if
             the
             Horse
             should
             attempt
             to
             charge
             and
             breake
             in
             ,
             thinking
             to
             cut
             the
             Shot
             from
             the
             Pikes
             as
             in
             outward
             shew
             it
             seemeth
             likely
             ;
             yet
             haue
             the
             Shotte
             such
             safe
             and
             seuerall
             places
             to
             retire
             into
             ,
             and
             the
             Pikes
             standing
             so
             apt
             and
             ready
             to
             couer
             and
             entertaine
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             assault
             is
             to
             no
             purpose
             ,
             and
             the
             Battaile
             standeth
             still
             stronger
             and
             stronger
             .
          
           
             The
             difference
             betwixt
             this
             Battaile
             and
             the
             former
             is
             only
             the
             breach
             and
             seperation
             of
             Manuples
             ,
             which
             being
             aduanced
             one
             from
             another
             (
             yet
             within
             the
             distance
             of
             guard
             )
             haue
             more
             liberty
             to
             fight
             ,
             and
             may
             alter
             their
             proportions
             ,
             or
             distances
             ,
             as
             they
             please
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             another
             forme
             of
             imbattailing
             these
             200
             men
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             principally
             vsed
             against
             the
             Horse
             ,
             especially
             ,
             when
             they
             charge
             in
             the
             forme
             of
             a
             wedge
             ,
             or
             Triangular
             ,
             of
             which
             wedge
             I
             haue
             spoken
             more
             largely
             in
             the
             former
             part
             of
             this
             Grammer
             ,
             and
             this
             Battaile
             also
             is
             drawne
             from
             a
             maine
             square
             ,
             onely
             the
             weapons
             are
             altered
             ,
             and
             the
             opposition
             of
             the
             Pikes
             are
             made
             strongest
             in
             the
             bottome
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ;
             This
             Battaile
             was
             of
             greate
             vse
             amongst
             the
             Grecians
             before
             fire
             or
             powder
             was
             knowne
             ,
             and
             many
             famous
             votaries
             ,
             and
             Triumphs
             gotten
             by
             the
             vse
             thereof
             ,
             and
             therefore
             hauing
             now
             fire
             and
             Shotte
             to
             assist
             the
             naturall
             strength
             thereof
             ,
             it
             must
             needes
             be
             more
             acceptable
             and
             worthier
             of
             imitation
             .
          
           
             This
             Battaile
             is
             drawne
             by
             diuision
             betweene
             the
             Middle
             men
             to
             the
             front
             ,
             and
             the
             Middlemen
             to
             the
             reare
             ,
             and
             betweene
             the
             Middle
             men
             to
             the
             right
             flanke
             ,
             and
             the
             Middle
             men
             to
             the
             left
             ,
             leauing
             the
             
             Shotte
             within
             the
             Pikes
             ,
             in
             such
             manner
             ,
             that
             vpon
             all
             assaults
             they
             may
             haue
             free
             vse
             of
             their
             Armes
             ;
             and
             yet
             notwithstanding
             abide
             in
             safety
             in
             dispight
             of
             the
             enemy
             .
          
           
             The
             forme
             of
             this
             Battaile
             is
             expressed
             in
             the
             next
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Battaile
               to
               withstand
               the
               wedge
               of
               Horse
               .
            
          
           
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             how
             this
             Bataile
             is
             interlined
             with
             the
             Shot
             ,
             &
             guarded
             with
             the
             Pikes
             ,
             so
             that
             although
             there
             be
             a
             field
             of
             entrance
             ,
             yet
             it
             is
             a
             straight
             place
             of
             much
             danger
             ;
             and
             howsoeuer
             the
             enemy
             may
             come
             on
             bouldly
             ,
             yet
             he
             cannot
             but
             returne
             heauily
             .
          
           
             Many
             other
             sorts
             of
             imbatialing
             there
             are
             ,
             though
             none
             more
             necessary
             ,
             as
             the
             battaile
             called
             Diamond
             ,
             the
             Battaile
             Triangular
             ,
             and
             such
             like
             ;
             which
             Noueltie
             (
             I
             know
             )
             is
             desirous
             to
             search
             into
             ;
             and
             the
             proportions
             I
             know
             at
             the
             first
             ,
             carry
             a
             greate
             shew
             of
             much
             skill
             ,
             and
             counning
             ,
             especially
             to
             the
             ignorant
             ,
             but
             being
             once
             waded
             into
             with
             Iudgement
             ,
             there
             is
             nothing
             more
             facile
             or
             easie
             :
             therefore
             to
             draw
             a
             Diamond
             Battaile
             ,
             first
             drawe
             your
             battaile
             into
             a
             square
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             first
             figure
             in
             this
             booke
             ;
             or
             for
             your
             better
             remembrance
             ,
             according
             to
             this
             figure
             following
             which
             being
             but
             compounded
             of
             144
             men
             ;
             may
             serue
             to
             expresse
             the
             manner
             and
             fashioning
             of
             4000.
             
          
           
             
               The
               Square
               Battaile
               ,
               whereof
               to
               frame
               a
               Diamond
               .
            
          
           
             Heere
             you
             behould
             the
             square
             or
             forme
             of
             a
             Battalia
             ,
             now
             to
             reduce
             this
             to
             a
             Diamond
             ,
             or
             imperfect
             square
             ,
             the
             Captaine
             shall
             come
             to
             the
             leader
             of
             the
             right
             hand
             file
             ,
             (
             which
             is
             the
             first
             and
             principall
             man
             of
             the
             company
             )
             and
             aduancing
             before
             him
             ,
             shall
             wheele
             the
             whole
             company
             into
             a
             direct
             line
             ,
             with
             the
             right
             point
             foreward
             ,
             and
             the
             left
             point
             descending
             ,
             as
             in
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Diamond
               Battaile
               :
            
          
           
             Heere
             you
             see
             that
             by
             drawing
             foorth
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             howsoeuer
             square
             at
             the
             first
             ,
             yet
             by
             alteration
             of
             distance
             ,
             it
             is
             brought
             into
             a
             perfect
             Diamond
             forme
             ;
             and
             although
             the
             Pikes
             and
             Shotte
             keepe
             their
             places
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             square
             ,
             yet
             at
             your
             pleasure
             you
             may
             change
             them
             ,
             and
             draw
             the
             weapons
             to
             what
             part
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             and
             into
             what
             files
             your selfe
             pleaseth
             .
          
           
           
             Now
             to
             bring
             this
             Diamond
             or
             any
             other
             Diamond
             into
             a
             perfect
             Triangular
             :
             you
             shall
             cut
             off
             the
             Diamond
             Battaile
             in
             the
             Middest
             ,
             through
             the
             two
             midle
             extreame
             parts
             ,
             and
             then
             will
             remaine
             vnto
             you
             two
             Triangulars
             ,
             a
             greater
             and
             a
             lesse
             ,
             which
             you
             may
             double
             or
             encrease
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             finde
             occasion
             ;
             so
             that
             albeit
             by
             this
             diuision
             you
             find
             how
             to
             make
             this
             proportion
             ,
             yet
             perceiueing
             how
             you
             may
             double
             and
             encrease
             both
             the
             files
             and
             rankes
             ,
             (
             whose
             number
             is
             euer
             constant
             and
             certaine
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             proportion
             of
             the
             Triangle
             )
             you
             may
             at
             pleasure
             without
             any
             diuision
             or
             seperation
             of
             body
             ,
             forme
             this
             Triangle
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             files
             and
             rankes
             onely
             .
             But
             because
             you
             shall
             not
             stand
             amazed
             at
             this
             businesse
             ,
             I
             will
             in
             a
             few
             Charracters
             ,
             containe
             but
             a
             fewe
             men
             (
             which
             is
             the
             easiest
             for
             capasity
             )
             shew
             you
             how
             to
             bring
             a
             Diamond
             to
             a
             Triangle
             ,
             as
             in
             this
             figure
             following
             appeareth
             .
          
           
             
               A
               Diamond
               Battaile
               brought
               into
               a
               Triangle
               .
            
          
           
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             the
             Diamond
             is
             cut
             into
             two
             Triangles
             which
             being
             ledde
             seuerall
             wayes
             may
             serue
             as
             two
             Bodies
             ,
             and
             that
             to
             exceeding
             good
             ,
             and
             honorable
             purpose
             ,
             for
             this
             Diamond
             ,
             or
             sharpe
             piercing
             body
             ,
             is
             of
             great
             force
             to
             enter
             and
             breake
             any
             square
             body
             ,
             and
             being
             but
             entered
             in
             with
             the
             point
             ,
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             body
             followeth
             with
             such
             order
             and
             strength
             ,
             and
             so
             encreaseth
             and
             maketh
             the
             Breach
             greater
             ,
             and
             greater
             ,
             that
             the
             square
             body
             can
             hardly
             ioyne
             together
             againe
             ,
             but
             falleth
             into
             rout
             ,
             or
             into
             a
             retrait
             that
             is
             full
             as
             dishonorable
             ,
             and
             to
             this
             purpose
             was
             this
             Diamond
             foote
             battaile
             first
             of
             all
             inuented
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             againe
             another
             manner
             of
             imbattailing
             this
             priuate
             company
             of
             200
             ,
             which
             howsoeuer
             it
             be
             seldome
             or
             neuer
             vsed
             in
             fight
             ,
             yet
             it
             is
             of
             excellent
             vse
             in
             the
             field
             ,
             both
             before
             the
             framing
             of
             the
             battaile
             ,
             &
             after
             the
             battell
             is
             framed
             ,
             this
             manner
             of
             imbatailing
             ,
             is
             when
             either
             any
             of
             the
             Captaines
             officers
             would
             deliuer
             a
             priuate
             message
             to
             the
             company
             ,
             which
             none
             but
             themselues
             should
             heare
             ,
             or
             when
             the
             Captaine
             himselfe
             ,
             would
             either
             giue
             secret
             directions
             ,
             or
             imparte
             matter
             of
             instruction
             ,
             or
             matter
             of
             reprehension
             ,
             or
             when
             any
             other
             supreame
             officer
             of
             the
             field
             ,
             would
             deliuer
             to
             the
             company
             either
             encouragement
             or
             caution
             .
          
           
             The
             manner
             of
             this
             imbattailing
             is
             in
             this
             wise
             ,
             the
             Captaine
             shall
             first
             cause
             both
             the
             wings
             of
             Shot
             to
             stand
             still
             ,
             hauing
             drawne
             them
             vp
             into
             their
             close
             order
             ,
             then
             he
             shall
             aduance
             the
             first
             diuision
             of
             Pikes
             vpward
             ,
             till
             the
             midle
             men
             of
             the
             Pikes
             to
             the
             reare
             be
             equall
             with
             the
             two
             first
             ranks
             of
             Shotte
             ,
             and
             euery
             man
             in
             his
             close
             order
             ,
             then
             
             shall
             the
             Subdiuision
             turne
             their
             faces
             about
             and
             descend
             downeward
             ,
             till
             the
             middle
             men
             of
             the
             front
             be
             equall
             with
             the
             two
             last
             rankes
             of
             Shot
             ,
             then
             hauing
             closed
             all
             strongly
             together
             ,
             and
             turned
             euery
             face
             vpon
             the
             Center
             :
             The
             
               Captaine
               ,
               Lieutenant
               ,
               Ensigne
            
             ,
             and
             such
             other
             Officers
             ,
             as
             he
             will
             haue
             partakers
             of
             his
             speech
             ,
             shall
             come
             into
             the
             square
             void
             place
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             and
             there
             deliuer
             what
             seemeth
             good
             to
             himselfe
             ;
             which
             finished
             ,
             he
             shall
             reduce
             his
             Battaile
             backe
             into
             its
             first
             forme
             ,
             as
             for
             the
             shape
             of
             Imbattelling
             for
             Parley
             ,
             it
             will
             carry
             the
             proportion
             of
             this
             Figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               forme
               of
               Imbattailing
               for
               Speech
               or
               Parley
               .
            
          
           
           
             There
             be
             others
             which
             Imbattaile
             for
             speech
             or
             Parly
             much
             after
             this
             manner
             aforesaid
             ,
             onely
             they
             straighten
             or
             make
             lesse
             the
             empty
             or
             void
             place
             in
             the
             midst
             ,
             by
             making
             the
             Shotte
             first
             to
             double
             their
             ranks
             ,
             then
             the
             first
             diuision
             of
             Pikes
             to
             aduance
             vpward
             ,
             and
             the
             subdiuision
             of
             Pikes
             to
             desscend
             downeward
             ,
             and
             afterward
             to
             doe
             in
             all
             things
             as
             before
             ,
             and
             then
             the
             forme
             of
             battaile
             will
             bee
             like
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               Another
               forme
               of
               Imbattailing
               for
               Speech
               or
               Parley
               .
            
          
           
           
             In
             this
             forme
             of
             imbattailing
             though
             the
             center
             be
             straightned
             ,
             yet
             the
             outward
             verge
             of
             the
             battaile
             is
             enlarged
             ,
             so
             that
             though
             som
             doe
             heare
             and
             vnderstand
             better
             ,
             yet
             many
             shall
             not
             heare
             nor
             vnderstand
             at
             all
             ,
             but
             must
             receiue
             the
             speech
             by
             relation
             ;
             so
             that
             I
             conclude
             the
             first
             forme
             of
             Imbattailing
             for
             speech
             or
             parly
             is
             the
             best
             ,
             easiest
             and
             safest
             ,
             yet
             I
             stand
             not
             vpon
             mine
             owne
             iudgement
             ,
             but
             submit
             to
             the
             censure
             of
             the
             old
             and
             experienced
             Soldiers
             .
          
           
             Diuers
             other
             formes
             of
             imbattailing
             there
             be
             for
             a
             priuate
             company
             of
             200
             men
             ,
             as
             the
             Ring
             ,
             the
             Halfe-moone
             ;
             the
             Spurre
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             ,
             but
             because
             I
             haue
             heard
             them
             mightelie
             condemned
             by
             the
             noblest
             Souldiers
             of
             our
             age
             ,
             and
             men
             of
             high
             respect
             and
             reuerence
             ,
             affirming
             them
             rather
             to
             leade
             into
             rout
             and
             disorder
             then
             any
             way
             to
             strentghen
             and
             better
             the
             Battalia
             ,
             therefore
             I
             dare
             not
             giue
             rules
             or
             prescriptions
             for
             them
             ,
             but
             referre
             such
             as
             are
             desirous
             to
             learne
             and
             behold
             them
             ,
             to
             any
             Ignorant
             and
             vnskillfull
             teacher
             ,
             and
             he
             shall
             spend
             howres
             and
             daies
             onely
             in
             these
             Motions
             ,
             not
             knowing
             otherwise
             how
             to
             wast
             time
             ,
             or
             make
             the
             vulgar
             people
             to
             wonder
             .
             And
             thus
             much
             touching
             the
             imbattailings
             of
             a
             priuate
             company
             of
             200
             men
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             inferior
             number
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Chap.
             3.
             
             The
             seuerall
             Imbattailings
             of
             a
             Regiment
             of
             one
             thousand
             men
             or
             more
             .
          
           
             
             TOuching
             the
             imbattailing
             of
             a
             Regiment
             of
             1000
             men
             or
             more
             ,
             there
             is
             now
             at
             this
             instant
             time
             great
             argument
             and
             disputation
             among
             Souldiers
             ;
             Some
             being
             of
             great
             experience
             and
             knowledge
             ,
             Some
             of
             greater
             reputation
             then
             knowledge
             ,
             Some
             seeming
             to
             know
             more
             then
             they
             doe
             know
             ,
             and
             Some
             out
             of
             affection
             to
             other
             mens
             singularity
             ,
             or
             to
             hold
             an
             opposite
             contention
             ,
             whereby
             to
             get
             a
             note
             or
             name
             of
             much
             iudgement
             .
          
           
             
               The
               New
               and
               latter
               forme
               of
               Imbattailing
               a
               Regiment
               .
            
          
           
             You
             must
             first
             vnderstand
             that
             this
             difference
             groweth
             betweene
             the
             old
             Souldier
             and
             the
             new
             Souldier
             ,
             
             that
             is
             betweene
             those
             of
             old
             and
             sollide
             experience
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             late
             and
             more
             quainte
             practise
             ;
             The
             first
             hauing
             nothing
             but
             what
             the
             warre
             it selfe
             informeth
             ,
             the
             other
             the
             helpe
             of
             
               Garden
               ,
               Yarde
               ,
               Citty
               ,
               Home
               ,
            
             and
             Countrey
             trialls
             .
          
           
             To
             come
             then
             to
             the
             difference
             it selfe
             ,
             
             the
             newe
             and
             latter
             Souldiers
             would
             haue
             a
             regiment
             when
             it
             is
             drawne
             into
             the
             field
             to
             be
             compounded
             of
             the
             seuerall
             companies
             distinctly
             one
             by
             another
             ,
             without
             any
             alteration
             ,
             euery
             Captaine
             and
             officer
             gouerning
             his
             owne
             company
             and
             not
             to
             make
             any
             mixture
             of
             them
             at
             all
             ,
             onely
             to
             ioine
             and
             fixe
             them
             together
             into
             one
             body
             according
             to
             the
             forme
             of
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             Heere
             the
             Figure
             .
          
           
             Heere
             you
             see
             how
             the
             
               Colonell
               ,
               Lieutenant
               Colonell
               ,
               Sergeant-Maior
            
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Inferior
             Captaines
             Ioyne
             their
             companies
             togeather
             without
             mixture
             according
             to
             the
             dignity
             of
             their
             places
             making
             one
             entire
             and
             sollide
             body
             ,
             of
             Shotte
             and
             Pikes
             ,
             Shotte
             and
             pikes
             quite
             through
             the
             regiment
             ,
             which
             regiment
             containe
             :
             1000
             men
             is
             deuided
             thus
             .
          
           
           
             
             The
             Colonell
             according
             to
             greatnes
             of
             his
             command
             ,
             commandeth
             ●00
             men
             ,
             the
             
               Lieutenant
               Colonell
            
             150
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
            
             .
             150
             ,
             and
             the
             fiue
             other
             inferiour
             Captaines
             command
             either
             of
             them
             100
             men
             ,
             and
             thus
             the
             1000
             men
             ,
             are
             Marshalled
             and
             gouerned
             .
          
           
             
             Now
             the
             older
             experienced
             Souldiers
             differ
             from
             this
             manner
             of
             discipline
             ,
             and
             though
             they
             vary
             not
             in
             the
             number
             or
             command
             ,
             yet
             they
             stand
             farre
             aloofe
             from
             the
             whole
             matter
             of
             composition
             ,
             for
             they
             will
             not
             allow
             to
             draw
             vp
             regiments
             by
             entire
             and
             whole
             companies
             without
             alteration
             ,
             but
             first
             draw
             vp
             all
             the
             Pikes
             into
             one
             body
             ,
             then
             the
             Shotte
             into
             another
             ,
             and
             after
             diuiding
             the
             Shot
             into
             two
             equall
             parts
             ,
             wing
             or
             flanke
             ,
             the
             pikes
             on
             either
             hand
             ,
             and
             so
             make
             one
             whole
             and
             entire
             battell
             of
             Shotte
             and
             Pikes
             ,
             and
             not
             a
             mixte
             body
             of
             Shotte
             and
             Pikes
             in
             small
             manuples
             ,
             but
             rather
             keepe
             the
             regiment
             in
             one
             great
             and
             vniforme
             body
             according
             to
             the
             preportion
             of
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             Heere
             the
             Figure
             .
          
           
             Heere
             you
             see
             the
             battaile
             of
             Pikes
             is
             drawne
             all
             into
             one
             body
             ,
             and
             the
             Shotte
             on
             either
             hand
             ,
             yet
             euery
             officer
             hath
             preheminence
             of
             place
             according
             to
             his
             dignity
             ,
             and
             many
             inferiour
             officers
             aduanced
             and
             Imploied
             ,
             which
             are
             extrauegant
             in
             the
             former
             battaile
             :
          
           
             
               The
               olde
               ancient
               forme
               of
               Imbattailing
               a
               Regiment
               .
            
          
           
             They
             are
             the
             soonest
             reduced
             to
             their
             first
             forme
             when
             they
             are
             put
             into
             route
             ,
             and
             the
             Shotte
             and
             Piks
             being
             thus
             intermixt
             one
             with
             another
             ,
             the
             one
             offending
             ,
             the
             other
             defending
             ,
             the
             battaile
             is
             of
             great
             force
             ,
             and
             more
             terrible
             to
             the
             enemy
             .
             Lastely
             ,
             in
             a
             battaile
             thus
             compounded
             ,
             euery
             man
             hath
             the
             order
             or
             gouernement
             of
             his
             owne
             Souldiers
             ,
             who
             are
             trained
             to
             his
             discipline
             ,
             and
             vnderstand
             his
             commands
             ,
             by
             which
             they
             are
             made
             more
             willing
             to
             goe
             on
             ,
             and
             doe
             obay
             with
             greater
             Courage
             and
             allacrity
             ,
             then
             when
             they
             are
             lead
             by
             a
             stranger
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             other
             battell
             perforce
             they
             must
             be
             ;
             these
             and
             many
             other
             like
             reasons
             ,
             the
             younger
             Souldiers
             yeeld
             to
             make
             good
             this
             new
             opinion
             ,
             and
             I
             must
             confesse
             they
             carry
             a
             greete
             shew
             of
             substantiall
             truth
             ,
             did
             not
             some
             impediment
             crosse
             in
             the
             way
             ,
             which
             take
             from
             them
             a
             great
             parte
             of
             beleefe
             and
             credit
             ,
             for
             to
             these
             Reasons
             ,
             thus
             the
             old
             Souldiers
             reply
             .
          
           
             That
             true
             it
             is
             ,
             
             this
             forme
             of
             imbattailing
             is
             good
             and
             may
             passe
             for
             courant
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             companies
             are
             in
             their
             full
             strength
             ,
             and
             hold
             their
             perfect
             and
             true
             number
             ,
             but
             to
             that
             the
             warre
             is
             a
             knowne
             enemy
             ,
             and
             who
             knowes
             not
             that
             sicknesse
             ,
             mortality
             ,
             slaughter
             ,
             ill
             diet
             and
             lodging
             ,
             hunger
             ,
             cold
             and
             surfeites
             doe
             so
             attend
             vpon
             Armies
             ,
             that
             by
             them
             commpanies
             are
             exceedingly
             weakned
             and
             made
             lesse
             ,
             so
             that
             he
             which
             mustereth
             one
             hundred
             men
             if
             he
             bring
             three
             score
             and
             ten
             able
             men
             into
             the
             
             field
             to
             fight
             ,
             is
             oft
             held
             for
             a
             stronge
             company
             ,
             and
             so
             in
             like
             case
             of
             other
             numbers
             ,
             so
             that
             to
             imbattaile
             these
             by
             themselues
             ,
             being
             of
             so
             small
             contents
             ,
             neither
             can
             the
             volly
             be
             greate
             ,
             nor
             the
             harme
             dangerous
             which
             shall
             insue
             to
             the
             enemy
             ,
             whereas
             the
             seuerall
             weapons
             of
             these
             small
             bodies
             ,
             being
             drawne
             out
             and
             knitte
             into
             seuerall
             great
             bodies
             ,
             the
             numbees
             will
             swell
             and
             increase
             ,
             and
             as
             of
             vnits
             are
             made
             infinits
             ,
             so
             forty
             of
             my
             Shotte
             ioined
             to
             forty
             of
             an
             other
             mans
             ,
             and
             to
             vs
             sixe-score
             of
             two
             or
             three
             other
             Captaines
             ,
             will
             make
             200
             Shotte
             ,
             this
             will
             bring
             foorth
             a
             great
             volly
             ,
             and
             this
             will
             proue
             of
             great
             danger
             to
             the
             enemy
             .
          
           
             Againe
             for
             the
             easinesse
             of
             gouernement
             ,
             or
             speedy
             reducing
             them
             to
             their
             first
             forme
             ,
             being
             routed
             ,
             they
             haue
             no
             aduantage
             of
             this
             other
             great
             body
             ,
             for
             howsoeuer
             the
             Shotte
             is
             in
             two
             bodies
             ,
             as
             the
             other
             former
             mixt
             battaile
             is
             in
             sixteene
             ,
             &
             the
             Piks
             in
             one
             body
             as
             the
             other
             is
             in
             eight
             ,
             yet
             are
             these
             great
             bodies
             diuided
             into
             so
             small
             diuisions
             ,
             and
             ledde
             by
             such
             sufficient
             officers
             ,
             that
             no
             disorder
             can
             happen
             ,
             but
             it
             is
             as
             soone
             brought
             againe
             into
             forme
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             their
             owne
             Commanders
             ,
             and
             one
             of
             the
             great
             vollies
             will
             doe
             more
             hurt
             and
             spoile
             ,
             then
             foure
             of
             the
             smaller
             .
          
           
             Lastly
             for
             the
             Imagination
             of
             more
             ready
             obedience
             ,
             better
             vnderstanding
             of
             command
             ,
             and
             a
             greater
             willingnesse
             to
             discharge
             duty
             ,
             the
             old
             Soldiers
             suppose
             they
             are
             no
             necessary
             obstacles
             to
             be
             thrust
             in
             into
             this
             place
             ,
             because
             the
             discipline
             of
             warre
             being
             (
             as
             it
             ought
             to
             be
             )
             all
             of
             one
             forme
             and
             manner
             ,
             without
             intrusion
             of
             new
             words
             of
             command
             ,
             or
             addition
             of
             curious
             nouelties
             ,
             so
             that
             
             euery
             officer
             speaking
             a
             knowne
             and
             a
             certaine
             language
             ,
             it
             matters
             not
             who
             giues
             the
             word
             ,
             for
             being
             vnderstoode
             it
             must
             be
             performed
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             will
             fight
             more
             willingly
             with
             their
             owne
             Captaines
             then
             with
             other
             men
             ,
             the
             naturall
             aleageance
             they
             beare
             to
             their
             king
             and
             Country
             ,
             whose
             quarrell
             they
             fight
             ,
             puts
             all
             such
             doubts
             out
             of
             question
             ,
             because
             euery
             honest
             and
             valiant
             mans
             conscience
             is
             ruled
             by
             the
             iustnesse
             of
             his
             cause
             ,
             and
             his
             Kings
             commandment
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             heats
             are
             supernaturall
             ,
             and
             but
             the
             proofes
             of
             false
             vallonre
             .
          
           
             Thus
             the
             old
             Souldier
             answereth
             to
             what
             the
             young
             Souldier
             doth
             obiect
             ,
             
             and
             for
             a
             conclusion
             addeth
             this
             more
             ,
             to
             withstand
             this
             new
             manner
             of
             imbattailing
             .
             They
             say
             that
             this
             mixing
             of
             Shotte
             and
             Pikes
             together
             in
             seuerall
             distinct
             Companies
             ,
             weakneth
             and
             disableth
             the
             grosse
             body
             ;
             for
             here
             if
             you
             cast
             off
             your
             shott
             ,
             then
             you
             leaue
             such
             emptie
             and
             wide
             streetes
             ,
             that
             the
             enemies
             Horse
             are
             apt
             to
             breake
             in
             and
             disorder
             them
             ,
             or
             if
             you
             doe
             not
             cast
             off
             the
             Shott
             ,
             but
             keepe
             them
             close
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             discharge
             in
             Countermarch
             (
             which
             is
             the
             best
             and
             safest
             way
             )
             yet
             then
             they
             are
             apt
             to
             be
             thronged
             vp
             together
             by
             the
             Pikes
             ,
             and
             the
             distance
             of
             place
             being
             taken
             from
             them
             ,
             the
             vse
             of
             their
             Weapons
             must
             fall
             ,
             and
             so
             consequently
             all
             things
             fall
             to
             ruine
             .
          
           
             But
             suppose
             order
             be
             kept
             and
             these
             defects
             not
             found
             in
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             yet
             say
             the
             olde
             Souldiers
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             great
             impediment
             in
             this
             kinde
             of
             Imbattelling
             ;
             for
             in
             what
             manner
             soeuer
             the
             Short
             serue
             ,
             yet
             they
             will
             euer
             leaue
             a
             weakenesse
             in
             the
             
             and
             such
             open
             gaps
             and
             streets
             that
             the
             Horse
             may
             breake
             in
             at
             pleasure
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             new
             foote
             diuision
             may
             sally
             foorth
             and
             ouer
             throw
             the
             whole
             regiment
             ,
             as
             by
             the
             example
             of
             the
             figure
             following
             may
             easily
             be
             perceiued
             in
             a
             few
             companies
             ,
             as
             in
             this
             ensuing
             figure
             more
             plainely
             is
             showne
             .
          
           
             
               The
               danger
               of
               this
               forme
               of
               Imbatelling
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             if
             the
             Battaile
             of
             Pikes
             stand
             ,
             and
             the
             Shot
             giue
             Fire
             ,
             into
             what
             damage
             they
             bring
             the
             whole
             Regiment
             ,
             whether
             they
             serue
             in
             countermarch
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             ;
             leauing
             so
             many
             open
             enterances
             ,
             that
             if
             one
             ,
             yet
             all
             can
             hardly
             be
             preuented
             .
          
           
           
             
             Thus
             I
             haue
             shewed
             you
             the
             seuerall
             wayes
             of
             Imbattailing
             of
             a
             Regiment
             ,
             with
             the
             different
             opinions
             of
             Souldiers
             ,
             together
             with
             their
             arguments
             and
             strength
             of
             reason
             thereupon
             .
             It
             resteth
             now
             that
             I
             deliuer
             my
             particular
             opinion
             touching
             the
             best
             election
             ;
             wherein
             ,
             although
             I
             know
             ,
             many
             oposites
             will
             rise
             vp
             against
             me
             ,
             yet
             freely
             and
             ingeniously
             thus
             I
             am
             perswaded
             .
          
           
             That
             the
             first
             manner
             of
             Imbattelling
             by
             seuerall
             Companies
             ,
             
             and
             euery
             Captaine
             leading
             of
             his
             own
             men
             ,
             is
             excellent
             for
             shew
             at
             generall
             Musters
             ,
             or
             at
             any
             peaceful
             Triumph
             ,
             where
             the
             exercise
             of
             Armes
             is
             required
             ,
             because
             it
             is
             comly
             and
             beautifull
             to
             behold
             ,
             giueth
             great
             contentment
             to
             the
             spectators
             ,
             and
             continueth
             the
             Volley
             long
             ,
             though
             not
             in
             the
             best
             order
             .
             But
             if
             it
             be
             to
             expresse
             true
             Marshall
             Discipline
             ,
             to
             bring
             hands
             to
             fight
             in
             good
             sadnes
             ,
             or
             to
             giue
             affright
             to
             a
             certaine
             enemy
             at
             all
             times
             both
             in
             strength
             and
             weaknesse
             ,
             then
             with
             out
             all
             doubt
             the
             latter
             forme
             of
             imbattailing
             where
             the
             Pikes
             are
             drawne
             into
             one
             body
             ,
             and
             winged
             on
             each
             hand
             with
             the
             Shotte
             ,
             is
             without
             all
             contradiction
             ,
             the
             onely
             best
             way
             for
             the
             Imbattailing
             of
             a
             regiment
             of
             one
             thousand
             men
             or
             more
             .
          
           
             And
             thus
             much
             for
             the
             argument
             of
             Imbattailing
             a
             regiment
             ,
             wherein
             if
             any
             man
             rest
             vnsatisfied
             ,
             let
             him
             repaire
             to
             other
             Authors
             which
             are
             allowed
             for
             authority
             ,
             and
             comparing
             their
             Reasons
             together
             ,
             no
             doubt
             but
             he
             shall
             soone
             finde
             satisfaction
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Chap.
             4
             ,
             Of
             the
             Ioining
             of
             sundry
             Regiments
             together
             .
          
           
             OF
             rankes
             and
             files
             are
             compounded
             small
             Squadrons
             ,
             of
             small
             Squadrons
             are
             compounded
             priuate
             Companies
             ,
             of
             priuate
             Companies
             are
             compounded
             Regiments
             ,
             and
             of
             Regiments
             are
             compounded
             maine
             Battailes
             of
             any
             extent
             whatsoeuer
             .
          
           
             Now
             for
             the
             composition
             of
             a
             regiment
             ,
             together
             with
             the
             defects
             ,
             and
             perfections
             of
             the
             same
             ,
             I
             haue
             shewed
             sufficiently
             in
             the
             last
             Chapter
             .
             It
             now
             therefore
             resteth
             that
             I
             speake
             some
             thing
             of
             the
             ioining
             or
             knitting
             togeather
             of
             many
             and
             sundry
             Regiments
             ,
             in
             one
             grosse
             body
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             greate
             substance
             of
             the
             Arte-Military
             ;
             
             for
             of
             these
             greate
             bodies
             doe
             Armies
             consist
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             the
             forme
             and
             proportion
             thereof
             ,
             being
             agreable
             with
             the
             ground
             and
             strength
             of
             Scituation
             whereon
             it
             is
             placed
             ,
             is
             the
             Army
             made
             euer
             stronger
             or
             weaker
             .
          
           
             Now
             Armies
             doe
             neuer
             consist
             of
             one
             onely
             entire
             and
             maine
             body
             alone
             ,
             
             without
             seperation
             or
             distinction
             ,
             but
             of
             diuers
             great
             bodies
             ,
             as
             of
             
             
               Forlornes
               ,
               Vantguard
            
             ,
             Battaile
             and
             Reare
             of
             diuers
             greate
             bodies
             of
             Horse
             ,
             as
             of
             Gentlemen
             at
             Armes
             ,
             
               Curashiers
               ,
               Dragoones
            
             ,
             or
             else
             Carbines
             ,
             and
             euery
             one
             of
             these
             great
             bodies
             are
             compounded
             of
             sundry
             Regiments
             in
             the
             drawing
             of
             which
             togeather
             is
             principally
             to
             be
             regarded
             the
             dignity
             and
             preheminence
             of
             the
             place
             ,
             
             according
             to
             the
             vallue
             of
             the
             commanders
             ,
             or
             the
             lot
             when
             it
             is
             either
             cast
             or
             appointed
             ,
             wherein
             the
             principall
             obseruation
             is
             the
             hand
             ;
             so
             that
             whensoeuer
             Regiments
             are
             to
             be
             ioined
             togeather
             ,
             whether
             it
             be
             by
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             ,
             or
             the
             Seriant-Maior
             of
             the
             fielde
             ,
             yet
             they
             must
             not
             neglect
             to
             giue
             to
             the
             best
             man
             the
             best
             place
             ,
             by
             drawing
             vp
             his
             Regiment
             first
             ,
             and
             placing
             it
             in
             the
             principall
             place
             ,
             and
             then
             the
             rest
             successiuely
             one
             after
             another
             ,
             bringing
             them
             vp
             on
             the
             left
             hand
             ,
             and
             not
             on
             the
             right
             ,
             till
             the
             body
             be
             formed
             according
             to
             commandment
             and
             answerable
             to
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               Regiments
               Ioyned
               together
               in
               plaine
               Battaile
               .
            
          
           
             Heere
             you
             see
             5000
             men
             diuided
             into
             fiue
             regiments
             ,
             how
             they
             are
             drawne
             vp
             into
             one
             body
             ,
             and
             may
             make
             either
             Vantguard
             Battaile
             ,
             or
             Reare
             as
             it
             shall
             please
             the
             supreame
             Officer
             to
             dispose
             of
             them
             .
             And
             as
             thus
             they
             are
             drawne
             into
             plaine
             
             Battaile
             ,
             so
             may
             they
             also
             be
             drawne
             into
             any
             other
             forme
             of
             battaile
             which
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             or
             Sergeant-Maior
             shall
             deuise
             ,
             for
             their
             wisdomes
             and
             Iudgements
             (
             which
             they
             euer
             accomodate
             to
             the
             aduantage
             of
             the
             ground
             ,
             
             &
             to
             the
             preuenting
             of
             the
             enemies
             designes
             )
             is
             euer
             referred
             the
             forme
             and
             shape
             of
             all
             forts
             of
             battailes
             ;
             whence
             it
             comes
             that
             a
             man
             shall
             hardly
             in
             an
             age
             ,
             see
             two
             Battailes
             in
             two
             seuerall
             places
             ,
             of
             one
             and
             the
             selfe
             same
             forme
             and
             fashion
             ;
             
             because
             as
             grounds
             vary
             in
             their
             Situations
             ,
             so
             proportions
             change
             in
             their
             composures
             ,
             and
             that
             battaile
             which
             is
             strong
             and
             comely
             for
             the
             Plaine
             ,
             will
             proue
             but
             weake
             and
             illfauored
             for
             the
             Hill
             ,
             and
             that
             which
             is
             guarded
             with
             water
             ,
             will
             not
             agree
             with
             the
             guard
             of
             wood
             ;
             nor
             that
             which
             is
             fenced
             with
             a
             stone
             wall
             ,
             suite
             with
             the
             fence
             of
             a
             dry
             ditch
             ;
             for
             euery
             thing
             must
             be
             accomodated
             to
             the
             property
             of
             its
             owne
             proper
             Nature
             ;
             and
             therefore
             I
             will
             shewe
             you
             another
             forme
             of
             Imbattailing
             or
             ioining
             of
             Regiments
             together
             ,
             wherein
             although
             some
             Regiments
             are
             broken
             and
             diuided
             into
             parts
             ,
             yet
             they
             agree
             in
             one
             vniformity
             of
             body
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             reduced
             to
             their
             first
             naturall
             proportion
             at
             pleasure
             :
             as
             by
             this
             figure
             following
             you
             may
             easily
             perceiue
             .
          
           
             
               Regiments
               diuided
               ,
               yet
               brought
               vnto
               Vniforme
               .
            
          
           
           
             Here
             you
             may
             behold
             two
             Regiments
             diuided
             into
             sixe
             triangles
             ,
             the
             Pikes
             in
             the
             midst
             ,
             and
             the
             Shotte
             on
             eache
             flanke
             ,
             but
             being
             drawne
             vp
             together
             in
             one
             body
             ,
             then
             the
             Pikes
             of
             themseues
             make
             a
             perfect
             Diamond
             ,
             and
             the
             foure
             Triangles
             of
             Shotte
             guarding
             euery
             corner
             ,
             Front
             ,
             Wing
             and
             Reare
             ,
             bring
             the
             whole
             mixt
             body
             into
             a
             quadrangle
             or
             perfeit
             square
             ,
             this
             is
             a
             stronge
             manner
             of
             imbattailing
             ,
             and
             hardly
             to
             be
             broke
             or
             entered
             ;
             and
             whosoeuer
             is
             ready
             in
             drawing
             vp
             ,
             and
             ioining
             of
             these
             bodies
             togeather
             in
             such
             forme
             as
             hath
             beene
             already
             specified
             ,
             may
             without
             dificulty
             or
             staggering
             draw
             vp
             any
             other
             body
             of
             what
             shape
             or
             forme
             soeuer
             it
             shall
             be
             commanded
             .
          
           
             And
             thus
             much
             for
             the
             ioining
             of
             sundry
             Regiments
             together
             into
             one
             body
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Chap
             :
             5.
             
             The
             forming
             of
             maine
             Battailes
             of
             any
             extent
             or
             Number
             how
             great
             soeuer
             .
          
           
             AFter
             the
             ioining
             of
             Regiments
             togeather
             ,
             must
             necessarily
             follow
             the
             composition
             of
             maine
             Battailes
             ,
             beyond
             which
             Spheare
             Souldiers
             doe
             neuer
             looke
             ,
             because
             it
             is
             the
             end
             and
             determination
             of
             warre
             ,
          
           
             These
             battailes
             (
             as
             I
             haue
             formerly
             shewed
             )
             are
             euer
             shaped
             according
             to
             the
             ground
             whereon
             they
             are
             planted
             ,
             
             and
             according
             to
             the
             naturall
             deffences
             ,
             or
             naturall
             offences
             which
             arise
             from
             the
             same
             places
             :
             yet
             because
             particulars
             often
             growe
             from
             generalities
             ,
             and
             that
             from
             plaine
             and
             homely
             grounds
             curious
             and
             rare
             things
             are
             deriued
             .
             I
             thinke
             it
             not
             amisse
             heere
             in
             this
             place
             to
             deliuer
             you
             some
             generall
             and
             plaine
             moddels
             of
             battailes
             ,
             which
             taken
             into
             a
             Souldier-like
             consideration
             ,
             may
             giue
             you
             an
             aide
             ,
             though
             not
             an
             instruction
             ,
             how
             to
             accomodate
             battailes
             and
             to
             forme
             and
             proporrion
             them
             in
             such
             manner
             as
             may
             bee
             most
             commodious
             for
             your selfe
             ,
             and
             friends
             ,
             and
             most
             hurtfull
             and
             noisome
             for
             the
             enemy
             .
          
           
           
             
             First
             then
             you
             must
             vnderstand
             that
             the
             body
             of
             euery
             maine
             Battaile
             is
             compounded
             of
             sixe
             principiall
             Members
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             of
             the
             Forlorne
             or
             loose
             bodies
             ,
             of
             the
             
               Vantguard
               ,
               Battaile
               ,
               Reare
               ,
               Horse
               ,
            
             and
             the
             great
             Artillery
             ;
             and
             of
             these
             ,
             if
             any
             be
             imperfect
             ,
             or
             out
             of
             frame
             ,
             either
             in
             order
             ,
             number
             ,
             shape
             or
             Gouernment
             ,
             the
             whole
             Army
             is
             sicke
             ,
             and
             howsoeuer
             like
             Xerxes
             host
             they
             may
             make
             the
             skie
             darke
             with
             their
             Arrowes
             ,
             yet
             will
             an
             handfull
             of
             Cirus
             men
             ,
             well
             disciplin'd
             ,
             put
             them
             to
             route
             ,
             and
             write
             Captiuity
             on
             their
             backs
             as
             a
             perpetuall
             embleme
             .
          
           
             
             When
             therefore
             you
             will
             drawe
             vp
             any
             maine
             battaile
             ,
             you
             must
             looke
             into
             the
             square
             Roote
             of
             greate
             Numbers
             ,
             as
             the
             square
             Roote
             of
             one
             hundred
             is
             ten
             ,
             because
             the
             body
             carrieth
             ten
             in
             square
             euery
             way
             ,
             for
             ten
             times
             ten
             is
             one
             hundred
             ,
             so
             likewise
             the
             square
             Roote
             of
             400
             is
             200
             ,
             because
             it
             carrieth
             the
             square
             of
             200
             euery
             way
             ,
             for
             twenty
             times
             twenty
             is
             foure
             hundred
             ,
             and
             thus
             of
             any
             number
             which
             will
             carry
             a
             square
             proportion
             be
             it
             great
             or
             little
             whatsoeuer
             ;
             
             then
             knowing
             the
             entire
             Number
             of
             the
             whole
             Army
             ,
             and
             diuiding
             it
             into
             seuerall
             parts
             ,
             alowing
             so
             many
             for
             the
             Forlorns
             ,
             so
             many
             for
             the
             Vantguard
             ,
             so
             many
             for
             the
             Battell
             ,
             so
             many
             for
             the
             Reare
             ,
             and
             so
             many
             for
             the
             guard
             of
             the
             Ordnance
             ,
             or
             great
             Artillery
             ;
             you
             by
             the
             drawing
             vp
             of
             these
             lesser
             squares
             ,
             and
             inlargening
             them
             as
             occasion
             shall
             serue
             ,
             forme
             and
             shape
             euery
             seuerall
             diuision
             after
             what
             proportion
             your selfe
             pleaseth
             ,
             for
             of
             squares
             ,
             you
             may
             make
             Rounds
             ;
             of
             Rounds
             ,
             Triangles
             ;
             of
             Triangles
             ,
             Diamonds
             ;
             and
             
             of
             Diamonds
             many
             other
             curious
             or
             intricate
             figures
             that
             shall
             come
             into
             your
             imagination
             ,
             for
             proofe
             behold
             this
             figure
             following
             .
          
           
             
               Alteration
               of
               squares
               ,
               or
               squares
               in
               squares
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             by
             deuiding
             and
             mixing
             of
             squares
             ,
             
             you
             may
             frame
             other
             proportions
             ,
             it
             resteth
             then
             that
             after
             you
             haue
             cast
             out
             ,
             and
             alotted
             your
             Forlorns
             which
             is
             intended
             euer
             to
             be
             the
             least
             of
             all
             the
             foure
             Battailes
             ,
             that
             you
             distribute
             them
             in
             this
             manner
             :
             the
             first
             point
             of
             the
             Forlorne
             ought
             to
             consist
             of
             certaine
             loose
             files
             of
             Shotte
             extrauagantly
             dispersed
             without
             order
             ,
             then
             to
             second
             them
             with
             certaine
             small
             squares
             of
             Shotte
             as
             an
             100
             or
             200
             in
             a
             square
             well
             ordered
             and
             gouerned
             which
             as
             the
             
             Battailes
             shall
             approach
             nearer
             and
             nearer
             ,
             may
             vpon
             any
             occasion
             of
             danger
             retire
             into
             the
             Vantguard
             .
          
           
             
             Then
             shall
             the
             Vantguard
             be
             compounded
             of
             one
             maine
             and
             entire
             body
             ,
             or
             of
             two
             at
             the
             most
             ;
             containing
             almost
             ,
             but
             not
             fully
             three
             parts
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             and
             being
             equally
             mixt
             of
             Shot
             and
             Pikes
             .
          
           
             
             After
             the
             Vantguard
             ,
             the
             maine
             Battaile
             taketh
             place
             ,
             being
             compounded
             of
             one
             body
             or
             two
             at
             most
             ,
             and
             containing
             a
             full
             third
             part
             ,
             or
             sometimes
             more
             then
             halfe
             as
             much
             againe
             as
             the
             Vantguard
             .
             In
             this
             battaile
             ought
             to
             be
             the
             choisest
             men
             and
             best
             experienced
             of
             the
             Army
             ,
             it
             is
             the
             seate
             and
             place
             of
             the
             Generall
             ,
             and
             as
             an
             Ocean
             sendeth
             foorth
             his
             streames
             of
             Souldiers
             to
             releiue
             and
             refresh
             euery
             weake
             and
             distressed
             part
             that
             is
             about
             it
             .
          
           
             
             Next
             after
             the
             Battaile
             is
             the
             place
             of
             the
             Reare
             which
             likewise
             is
             contained
             in
             one
             body
             or
             two
             at
             the
             most
             .
             This
             body
             ought
             to
             be
             of
             equall
             number
             and
             extent
             with
             the
             Vantguard
             ,
             and
             in
             all
             Formes
             ,
             Marches
             ,
             and
             Executions
             it
             is
             one
             and
             the
             same
             in
             Nature
             with
             the
             Vantguard
             ,
             for
             at
             any
             time
             when
             faces
             are
             turned
             about
             then
             is
             the
             Reare
             the
             Vantgurad
             ,
             &
             the
             Vantguard
             the
             Reare
             ;
             at
             the
             two
             points
             of
             the
             Vantgurad
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             the
             vtmost
             right
             point
             and
             the
             vtmost
             left
             point
             ,
             as
             two
             long
             extended
             wings
             ,
             troopeth
             the
             Horse
             Army
             ,
             
             and
             at
             the
             end
             of
             them
             is
             the
             great
             Ordnance
             on
             both
             sides
             ;
             behind
             which
             marcheth
             two
             Regiments
             of
             foote
             for
             a
             guard
             and
             defence
             of
             the
             Artillery
             and
             Munition
             ;
             for
             the
             cutting
             off
             of
             the
             greate
             Ordnance
             is
             the
             renownedst
             worke
             the
             enemy
             can
             aime
             at
             ,
             or
             accomplish
             .
          
           
           
             Thus
             I
             haue
             in
             words
             deliuered
             you
             the
             true
             forme
             of
             a
             plaine
             and
             ordinary
             battaile
             ,
             with
             euery
             seuerall
             member
             belonging
             there
             vnto
             ,
             but
             for
             as
             much
             as
             the
             protraicture
             maketh
             a
             deeper
             impression
             in
             the
             minde
             ,
             and
             is
             a
             greater
             helpe
             and
             friend
             to
             the
             memory
             then
             the
             meere
             relation
             of
             words
             onely
             ;
             I
             will
             therefore
             in
             this
             next
             figure
             following
             ,
             shew
             you
             the
             true
             portraiture
             of
             the
             battaile
             already
             discribed
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Wind-Mill
               Battaile
               .
            
          
           
           
             Thus
             heere
             you
             see
             the
             strongest
             of
             Battailes
             ,
             and
             as
             curious
             as
             any
             what
             soeuer
             ,
             so
             that
             to
             make
             a
             conclusion
             of
             this
             worke
             ,
             who
             will
             diligently
             looke
             into
             these
             models
             already
             demonstrated
             ,
             and
             apply
             himselfe
             to
             the
             imitation
             thereof
             ,
             shall
             not
             neede
             to
             lodge
             any
             scruples
             in
             his
             brest
             ,
             but
             by
             the
             helpe
             of
             these
             examples
             may
             be
             able
             to
             range
             any
             battaile
             with
             Iudgement
             and
             sufficiency
             .
             And
             thus
             much
             for
             the
             forming
             of
             maine
             Battailes
             of
             any
             extent
             or
             Number
             how
             great
             soeuer
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A06968-e2870
           
             Launcepesado
             .
          
           
             Corporall
          
           
             
               Sergeant
               of
               the
               Band.
            
             
          
           
             
               The
               Drum
            
          
           
             
               The
               Clarke
               of
               the
               Band
            
          
           
             
               The
               Chirurgion
            
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Ensigne
            
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Lieutenant
            
             .
          
           
             
               Quarter
               Master
            
          
           
             
               Prouest
               Marshall
            
          
           
             
               〈◊〉
               Maior
               of
               Regiments
            
          
           
             
               Lieutenant
               Colonells
               of
               regiments
            
          
           
             
               Colonells
               of
               regiments
            
          
           
             
               Sergeant
               maior
               generall
            
          
           
             
               Colonell
               Generall
            
             .
          
           
             
               Liuetenant
               Generall
               of
               the
               Horse
            
             .
          
           
             
               Treasurer
               of
               the
               Army
            
          
           
             
               Master
               of
               the
               Ordnance
            
             .
          
           
             
               Lord
               Marshall
            
          
           
             
               Lieuteant
               generall
               of
               the
               Armie
            
          
           
             
               The
               Generall
            
          
           
             
               A
               second
               Range
            
          
           
             
               The
               Master
               Gunner
            
             ,
          
           
             
               The
               Trench
               Master
            
             ,
          
           
             
               The
               Waggon
               Master
            
             ,
          
           
             
               The
               Forrage
               Master
            
          
           
             
               The
               Victuall
               Master
            
          
           
             
               The
               Iudge
               Marshall
            
          
           
             
               The
               Scout-Master
            
          
           
             
               The
               Lieutenant
               of
               the
               Ordnance
            
          
           
             
               The
               Muster
               Master
               generall
            
          
           
             
               Differences
               in
               oppinions
               ,
               touching
               a
               priuate
               company
               ,
            
          
           
             
               The
               Romās
               rule
               for
               companies
            
             .
          
           
             
               The
               true
               composition
               of
               a
               Companie
            
          
           
             
               The
               First
               Imbattaling
               of
            
             200.
             
          
           
             
               Disputation
               growne
               about
               Imbatailings
            
          
           
             
               Betweene
               whom
               the
               difference
               is
            
             ,
          
           
             
               The
               opinion
               of
               the
               new
               Souldiers
            
          
           
             
               The
               numbers
               commanded
            
             .
          
           
             
               The
               opinion
               of
               the
               old
               Souldiers
            
          
           
             
               The
               old
               Soldiers
               reasons
               for
               their
               opinions
               .
            
          
           
             
               Other
               Reasons
            
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Authors
               censure
               of
               both
               opinions
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               former
               difference
               reconciled
            
          
           
             
               What
               is
               the
               great
               substance
               of
               the
               arte
               Military
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               what
               Armies
               consist
            
             .
          
           
             
               How
               to
               obserue
               dignity
               of
               place
               .
            
          
           
             
               Who
               are
               to
               forme
               Battailes
            
             .
          
           
             
               Obseruation
               of
               grounds
            
             .
          
           
             
               Obseruation
               in
               shaping
               of
               battailes
            
             .
          
           
             
               The
               composition
               of
               Battailes
               and
               the
               members
            
          
           
             
               How
               to
               finde
               a
               square
               Roote
               .
            
          
           
             
               Deuiding
               of
               a
               Battaile
            
             .
          
           
             
               Of
               Forlornes
            
             .
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               vantguard
            
             .
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               battel
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Reare
            
          
           
             
               The
               Horse
               battaile
               and
               the
               great
               Ordnance
               with
               the
               guard
               thereof
               .