The souldiers grammar containing, the high, necessarie, and most curious rules of the art militarie : as first, whether it be in great motions in generall? or foote motions especially?, or motions of horse, generall, or speciall?, the ranges of foote, or horse?, the ranges of officers, the seuerall imbattailings of foote, and horse, the imbattailing of a regiment, the ioyning of many regiments, or the forming of maine battailes, of any extent, or number, with their formes, and figures, in liuely demonstration, &c. / by G.M. ... ; vnto which, is added the Booke of postures, according to that which is ordered by the lords of His Maiesties most honorable Priuie Counsell.
         Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.
      
       
         
           1626
        
      
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             The souldiers grammar containing, the high, necessarie, and most curious rules of the art militarie : as first, whether it be in great motions in generall? or foote motions especially?, or motions of horse, generall, or speciall?, the ranges of foote, or horse?, the ranges of officers, the seuerall imbattailings of foote, and horse, the imbattailing of a regiment, the ioyning of many regiments, or the forming of maine battailes, of any extent, or number, with their formes, and figures, in liuely demonstration, &c. / by G.M. ... ; vnto which, is added the Booke of postures, according to that which is ordered by the lords of His Maiesties most honorable Priuie Counsell.
             Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.
          
           [8], 64 p. : plans.
           
             For William Shefford, and are to be solde at his shop in Popes-head Alley, going into Lumbard Street,
             Printed at London :
             1626.
          
           
             Signatures: A-I⁴.
             Reproduction of original in the Harvard University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Military art and science -- Early works to 1800.
           Military maneuvers -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           SOVLDIERS
           GRAMMAR
           :
           Containing
           ,
           The
           High
           ,
           Necessarie
           ,
           and
           most
           Curious
           Rules
           of
           the
           Art
           Militarie
           :
        
         
           As
           first
           ,
           
             
               Whether
               it
               be
               in
               Great
               Motions
               in
               Generall
               ?
               Or
               Foote
               Motions
               Especially
               ?
            
             
               Or
               Motions
               of
               Horse
               ,
               Generall
               ,
               or
               Speciall
               ?
            
             
               The
               Ranges
               of
               Foote
               ,
               or
               Horse
               ?
            
             
               The
               Ranges
               of
               Officers
               .
            
             
               The
               Seuerall
               Imbattailings
               of
               Foote
               ,
               and
               Horse
               .
            
             
               The
               Imbattailing
               of
               a
               Regiment
               .
            
             
               The
               Ioyning
               of
               many
               Regiments
               .
            
             
               Or
               the
               Forming
               of
               Maine
               Battailes
               ,
               of
               any
               extent
               ,
               or
               Number
               ;
               With
               their
               Formes
               ,
               and
               Figures
               ,
               in
               liuely
               Demonstration
               .
               &c.
               
            
          
        
         
           By
           
             G.
             M.
          
           Gent.
           
        
         
           Vnto
           which
           ,
           is
           added
           the
           Booke
           of
           Postures
           ,
           according
           to
           that
           which
           is
           Ordered
           by
           the
           Lords
           of
           his
           Maiesties
           most
           Honorable
           
             Priuie
             Counsell
          
           .
        
         
           Printed
           at
           London
           ,
           for
           
             William
             Shefford
          
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           be
           solde
           at
           his
           Shop
           in
           
             Popes
             head
             Alley
          
           ,
           going
           into
           
             Lumbard
             Street
          
           .
           1626.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           A
           Table
           of
           the
           Speciall
           Thinges
           contayned
           in
           this
           Booke
           .
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             1.
             
          
           
             
               Of
               Great
               Motions
               in
               generall
               .
            
             
               Pag.
               1
            
          
           
             
               The
               Contents
               .
            
             
               
                 Motiues
                 vnto
                 the
                 Worke.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 19.
                 
                 Motions
                 vsed
                 in
                 the
                 olde
                 Warres
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Interpretations
                 .
              
               
                 1
                 Of
                 Clisis
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 signification
                 .
              
               
                 2
                 Of
                 Melabole
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 signification
                 .
              
               
                 3
                 Of
                 Perispasmos
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 4
                 Of
                 Epistrophe
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 5
                 Of
                 Anastrophe
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 6
                 Of
                 Ecperispasmos
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 7
                 Of
                 Plagiophalanx
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 8
                 Of
                 Orthiophalanx
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 9
                 Of
                 
                   Phalange
                   Loxe
                
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 10
                 Of
                 Parembole
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 11
                 Of
                 Protaxis
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 12
                 Of
                 Epitaxis
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 13
                 Of
                 Prostaxis
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 14
                 Of
                 Entaxis
                 .
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 15
                 Of
                 Hypotaxis
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 16
                 Of
                 Induction
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 
                 17
                 Of
                 Paragoge
                 ,
                 or
                 Deduction
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 18
                 Of
                 Amphiltomus
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 19
                 Of
                 Antistomus
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 diuers
                 other
                 Motions
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 intent
                 of
                 the
                 Authors
                 Plainenesse
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             CHAH.
             2.
             
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               particular
               Motions
               belonging
               to
               the
               Foote
               Armie
               .
            
             
               Pag.
               8
            
          
           
             
               The
               Contents
               .
            
             
               
                 In
                 what
                 all
                 Motions
                 consist
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 distance
                 in
                 Files
                 and
                 Rankes
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Reconcilement
                 between
                 the
                 Antients
                 and
                 the
                 Moderne
                 Customes
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Reconcilement
                 of
                 Differences
                 in
                 our
                 Moderne
                 Exercises
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Ground
                 of
                 Military
                 Motions
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 drawing
                 of
                 Rude
                 Grosses
                 ,
                 into
                 an
                 orderlie
                 Bodie
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 single
                 Files
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Files
                 in
                 a
                 Bodie
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Closing
                 and
                 Opening
                 Files
                 and
                 Rankes
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Files
                 Vndoubled
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Files
                 Doubled
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 manner
                 of
                 performing
                 the
                 Motion
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Aduancing
                 of
                 Files
                 .
              
               
                 Files
                 Vnaduanced
                 .
              
               
                 Files
                 Aduanced
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Reducing
                 them
                 to
                 their
                 first
                 Forme
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 of
                 odde
                 Number
                 vndoubled
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 of
                 odde
                 Number
                 doubled
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Of
                 Countermarching
                 Files
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 
                   Persian
                   ,
                   Choraean
                
                 or
                 Cretan
                 Countermarch
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 in
                 Countermarch
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 after
                 Countermarch
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Lacedemonian
                 Countermarch
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 before
                 Countermarch
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Countermarch
                 performed
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Macedonian
                 Countermarch
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 doubling
                 of
                 Rankes
                 .
              
               
                 Rankes
                 vndoubled
                 .
              
               
                 Rankes
                 doubled
                 .
              
               
                 Halfe
                 Files
                 vndoubled
                 .
              
               
                 Halfe
                 Files
                 doubled
                 .
              
               
                 Halfe
                 Files
                 reduced
                 to
                 their
                 first
                 forme
                 .
              
               
                 Bringers
                 vp
                 ,
                 doubling
                 the
                 Front.
                 
              
               
                 Bringers
                 vp
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 were
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Wheeling
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 seuerall
                 kinds
                 of
                 Wheeling
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 vnwheeled
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 wheeling
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 halfe
                 wheeled
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Battalia
                 wheeled
                 round
                 about
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 casting
                 off
                 Files
                 .
              
               
                 Files
                 cast
                 off
                 in
                 Flanke
                 .
              
               
                 Files
                 cast
                 off
                 in
                 Winges
                 .
              
               
                 Files
                 cast
                 off
                 before
                 the
                 Front.
                 
              
               
                 Of
                 Opening
                 and
                 Closing
                 of
                 Rankes
                 and
                 Files
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Opening
                 and
                 Closing
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 Word
                 giuen
                 .
              
               
                 Files
                 Opened
                 or
                 Closed
                 from
                 the
                 Middle
                 men
                 .
              
               
                 Files
                 Opened
                 or
                 Closed
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 one
                 or
                 the
                 other
                 Hand
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 diuers
                 other
                 Motions
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
           
             CHAP.
             3
          
           
             Of
             the
             seuerall
             Motions
             which
             belong
             vnto
             Horse
             ,
             or
             Horse
             Troopes
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Contents
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 vse
                 of
                 Horse
                 Motions
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Composition
                 and
                 Extent
                 of
                 a
                 Horse
                 File
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 drawing
                 vp
                 of
                 an
                 Horse
                 Troope
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Troope
                 of
                 an
                 100.
                 
                 Horse
                 ,
                 Trooping
                 into
                 the
                 Field
                 with
                 all
                 their
                 Officers
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Troope
                 of
                 Horse
                 ,
                 drawne
                 vp
                 into
                 a
                 firme
                 Bodie
                 ,
                 for
                 Seruice
                 ,
                 or
                 Exercise
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 benefite
                 of
                 the
                 square
                 Bodie
                 of
                 Horse
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Horse-mans
                 Wedge
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 benefite
                 of
                 the
                 Wedge
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Foote
                 Battle
                 to
                 Encounter
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Horse-mans
                 Rhombe
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 foure
                 Commanders
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Foote
                 Battaile
                 ,
                 to
                 oppose
                 the
                 Rhombe
                 ;
                 And
                 the
                 Halfe
                 Moone
                 or
                 Cressant
                 .
              
               
                 Another
                 Rhombe
                 of
                 fiue
                 square
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Foote
                 Battaile
                 
                   Epicampios
                   Emprosthia
                
                 ,
                 to
                 oppose
                 the
                 Rhombe
                 of
                 fiue
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Tetragonall
                 Horse
                 Battaile
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Foote
                 Battaile
                 Embolas
                 ,
                 to
                 oppose
                 the
                 Tetragonall
                 Horse
                 Battaile
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 forming
                 of
                 the
                 Foote
                 Wedge
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             4.
             
          
           
             Of
             the
             seuerall
             Ranges
             of
             the
             Foote
             ,
             and
             how
             they
             are
             Ordered
             ,
             and
             Compounded
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Contents
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Ground
                 of
                 Ranging
                 of
                 Battailes
                 .
              
               
                 
                 Our
                 Moderne
                 obseruation
                 in
                 Ranging
                 .
              
               
                 How
                 the
                 Auntients
                 did
                 Range
                 Battailes
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Number
                 Dilochie
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Number
                 Tetrarchy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Taxis
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Syntagma
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Pentecosyarchy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Chiliarchy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Merarchy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Phalangarchy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 Diphalangarchy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Foure
                 fould
                 Battaile
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Moderne
                 Range
                 of
                 Battailes
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 halfe
                 File
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 whole
                 File
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 a
                 Squadron
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 a
                 Sergeancre
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 a
                 Centurie
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 fourth
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 Regiment
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 halfe
                 a
                 Colonie
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 a
                 Colonie
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 a
                 full
                 Battalia
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 a
                 double
                 Battalia
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Vantguard
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Reare
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Maine
                 Battaile
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Leader
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 Weapons
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 the
                 Light
                 Armed
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 the
                 Armed
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Moderne
                 Range
                 of
                 Weapons
                 .
              
               
                 How
                 Regiments
                 are
                 Imbattailed
                 .
              
               
                 How
                 the
                 Horse
                 doe
                 Troope
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 place
                 of
                 the
                 Great
                 Ordnance
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Guard
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 Great
                 Ordnance
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
           
             CHAP.
             5.
             
          
           
             Of
             the
             seuerall
             Ranges
             of
             the
             Horse
             ,
             and
             how
             they
             are
             Ordered
             ,
             and
             Compounded
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Contents
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Ranges
                 vsed
                 in
                 old
                 Times
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Ranges
                 of
                 Horse
                 vsed
                 at
                 this
                 Day
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 Curasheires
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 Curasheires
                 in
                 Trooping
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Generalls
                 Range
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Lord
                 Marshalls
                 Range
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 the
                 Colonells
                 ,
                 and
                 Captaines
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 the
                 Curasheires
                 in
                 Battaile
                 .
              
               
                 Distances
                 obserued
                 in
                 Battaile
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Forme
                 of
                 Horse
                 Battailes
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Generalls
                 Range
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Lord
                 Marshalls
                 Range
                 :
              
               
                 The
                 Colonells
                 ,
                 and
                 Captaines
                 Range
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Quarter
                   Masters
                
                 Range
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Dignity
                 of
                 Place
                 ,
                 betweene
                 the
                 Horse
                 Man
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Foote
                 Man.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 Harquebusheirs
                 ,
                 or
                 Dragoones
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Range
                 of
                 Harquebusheirs
                 in
                 Trooping
                 .
              
               
                 Their
                 Range
                 in
                 Battaile
                 .
              
               
                 Their
                 Range
                 in
                 Campe.
                 
              
               
                 Their
                 Range
                 in
                 Garrison
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 their
                 Scouting
                 and
                 Watching
                 .
              
               
                 Where
                 they
                 take
                 Directions
                 .
              
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           THE
           SOVLDIERS
           GRAMMAR
           .
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             1.
             
             Of
             Great
             Motions
             in
             generall
             .
          
           
             HAuing
             in
             a
             former
             short
             Discourse
             ,
             or
             small
             Booke
             ,
             
             Intituled
             ,
             
               The
               Soldiers
               Accidence
            
             ,
             (
             being
             an
             Introduction
             or
             first
             Guide
             into
             the
             Art
             Mylitary
             )
             shewed
             all
             those
             first
             Precepts
             and
             Rules
             which
             necessarily
             belong
             to
             the
             knowledge
             of
             euery
             young
             Soldier
             ,
             so
             farre
             forth
             as
             concernes
             the
             Manage
             and
             gouernement
             of
             his
             owne
             particular
             person
             ;
             As
             also
             those
             foure
             principall
             Grounds
             ,
             from
             whence
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             
             this
             famous
             Art
             taketh
             its
             deriuation
             and
             perfection
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             the
             Carriage
             and
             vse
             of
             Armes
             ,
             conteyned
             in
             diuers
             Postures
             or
             Stations
             ,
             expressing
             the
             Forme
             ,
             Comlinesse
             and
             Readinesse
             of
             Men
             in
             Armes
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             Distance
             or
             Seperation
             of
             place
             ,
             whereby
             Battayles
             are
             formed
             ,
             changed
             ,
             and
             proportioned
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             will
             and
             pleasure
             of
             the
             principall
             Commanders
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             March
             and
             Motion
             ,
             which
             proceeding
             from
             certaine
             peculiar
             words
             of
             Command
             ,
             and
             generall
             direction
             ,
             the
             Soldier
             applieth
             himselfe
             to
             performe
             euery
             command
             in
             the
             fullnesse
             of
             perfection
             .
          
           
             And
             Fourthly
             and
             lastly
             ,
             the
             knowledge
             of
             the
             Beatings
             of
             the
             Drumbe
             ,
             by
             which
             the
             Soldier
             taketh
             notice
             of
             euery
             Command
             ,
             when
             the
             sound
             of
             Mans
             voice
             is
             drowned
             or
             obscured
             .
          
           
             It
             now
             seemeth
             good
             vnto
             me
             (
             and
             I
             hope
             it
             will
             yeeld
             a
             generall
             profite
             to
             the
             whole
             Kingdome
             )
             to
             fixe
             vnto
             the
             aforesayd
             Accidence
             a
             Grammar
             or
             Introductiō
             into
             more
             higher
             ,
             necessary
             and
             more
             subtile
             and
             curious
             Rules
             of
             the
             Art
             Mylitary
             ,
             whereby
             the
             younger
             Schollers
             may
             be
             enabled
             to
             proceed
             and
             goe
             forward
             in
             the
             greater
             and
             more
             hidden
             secrets
             of
             the
             Arte
             ,
             and
             the
             elder
             or
             better
             experienced
             Men
             of
             Warre
             ,
             may
             eyther
             finde
             Solutions
             for
             such
             doubtes
             as
             shall
             incumber
             them
             ;
             Or
             else
             matter
             whereon
             to
             worke
             ,
             and
             make
             their
             owne
             more
             singular
             Inuentions
             and
             Applications
             more
             
             wholesome
             for
             the
             common
             vse
             ,
             and
             more
             pleasing
             to
             their
             owne
             Studies
             and
             Labours
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             thing
             therefore
             which
             I
             hold
             most
             necessary
             to
             Intreate
             of
             in
             this
             Grammar
             ,
             is
             of
             
               Great
               Motions
               in
               generall
            
             ;
             Because
             according
             to
             the
             Opinion
             of
             the
             Auncients
             ,
             
               These
               Military
               Motions
               are
               the
               Life
               of
               an
               Armie
               ,
               and
               only
               giue
               meanes
               of
               Victorie
               ;
               and
               without
               which
               ,
               all
               preparation
               of
               Forces
               are
               vaine
               ,
               and
               auaileth
               nothing
               in
               the
               Field
               ,
               nor
               to
               the
               end
               for
               which
               they
               were
               Leuied
               .
            
             Since
             then
             ,
             Motion
             is
             of
             this
             inestimable
             reputation
             ,
             the
             labor
             cannot
             be
             misimployed
             ,
             which
             bringeth
             any
             luster
             or
             explanation
             vnto
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             Of
             the
             
               Smaller
               Motions
            
             ,
             I
             haue
             spoken
             somewhat
             already
             in
             the
             Accidence
             ;
             As
             of
             
               Fileing
               ,
               Rancking
               ,
               Returning
               to
               the
               first
               Posture
               ,
               Countermarching
               ,
               Doubling
               ,
            
             and
             such
             like
             ,
             so
             far
             foorth
             as
             they
             appertayne
             to
             euery
             single
             Person
             ,
             or
             to
             the
             parts
             and
             members
             of
             a
             priuate
             Companie
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Squadrons
             or
             Camerados
             .
             But
             now
             I
             am
             to
             intreat
             of
             the
             
               Greater
               Motions
            
             ,
             which
             belong
             to
             
               Regiments
               ,
               Battalias
            
             ,
             and
             the
             whole
             Bodie
             of
             an
             Armie
             :
             Neyther
             in
             the
             discourse
             of
             these
             things
             ,
             are
             you
             to
             expect
             much
             alteration
             of
             wordes
             ,
             or
             sence
             ,
             but
             only
             the
             application
             of
             them
             vnto
             the
             Greater
             and
             more
             infinite
             Bodies
             ,
             from
             whence
             they
             take
             the
             denomination
             of
             the
             
               Greater
               Motions
            
             .
          
           
             The
             Gretians
             (
             as
             Aelian
             and
             his
             Schollars
             )
             doe
             reckon
             vp
             nineteene
             seuerall
             
               Great
               Motions
            
             ,
             
             to
             which
             they
             giue
             especiall
             Names
             and
             Titles
             .
          
           
           
             
             The
             First
             ,
             they
             call
             Clisis
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             Turning
             to
             eyther
             Hand
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Second
             ,
             Metabole
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Turning
             about
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Third
             ,
             Perispasmos
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Wheeling
             about
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Fourth
             ,
             Epistrophe
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             a
             Wheeling
             ,
             eyther
             to
             the
             one
             ,
             or
             the
             other
             Hand
             ,
             but
             not
             entire
             ,
             or
             about
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Fifth
             ,
             Anastrophe
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             a
             Returning
             of
             the
             Wheele
             vnto
             the
             First
             Posture
             or
             Station
             where
             it
             stood
             before
             it
             was
             mooued
             ,
             or
             Wheeled
             to
             eyther
             Hand
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Sixth
             ,
             Ecperispasmos
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             a
             treble
             ,
             or
             threefold
             Wheeling
             ,
             carrying
             the
             Battalia
             three
             parts
             about
             ,
             but
             not
             wholy
             and
             entire
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Seuenth
             ,
             Plagiophalanx
             ,
             or
             the
             Broade
             Fronted
             Phalange
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             the
             Broad
             Fronted
             Battalia
             ,
             which
             hath
             the
             Length
             much
             exceeding
             the
             Depth
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Eight
             ,
             Orthiophalanx
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             the
             Deepe
             Battalia
             ,
             or
             
               Herse
               Battayle
            
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             Battayle
             drawne
             out
             in
             Wing
             ,
             and
             hauing
             the
             Depth
             much
             exceeding
             the
             Length
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Ninth
             ,
             
               Phalange
               Loxe
            
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             an
             Vneuen
             Fronted
             Battalia
             ,
             because
             one
             of
             the
             Winges
             (
             which
             is
             thought
             fittest
             )
             is
             euer
             drawne
             forth
             before
             the
             other
             ,
             and
             as
             a
             Forlorne
             beginneth
             the
             Fight
             against
             the
             Enemy
             ,
             till
             opportunity
             serue
             that
             the
             whole
             Battayle
             may
             Ioyne
             with
             greater
             aduantage
             and
             assurance
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Tenth
             ,
             Parembole
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Insertion
             ,
             
             being
             a
             Drawing
             vp
             of
             the
             Souldiers
             before
             ,
             then
             taking
             off
             the
             Hindermost
             ,
             we
             Ranke
             them
             within
             the
             distances
             of
             the
             First
             .
          
           
             The
             Eleuenth
             ,
             Protaxis
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Fore-Fronting
             ,
             
             as
             when
             we
             place
             eyther
             the
             Light-Armed
             or
             other
             Loosse
             Shotte
             before
             the
             Front
             of
             the
             Battayle
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             Fore-standers
             or
             beginners
             of
             the
             Skyrmish
             .
          
           
             The
             Twelfth
             ,
             Epitaxis
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             an
             After
             
             placing
             or
             Attending
             on
             the
             Reare
             ,
             so
             that
             if
             the
             Enemie
             shall
             Charge
             behind
             ,
             yet
             are
             the
             Light-Armed
             in
             readinesse
             ,
             and
             prepared
             to
             giue
             their
             Volleys
             ,
             being
             placed
             so
             behind
             the
             Reare
             (
             as
             the
             other
             before
             the
             Front
             )
             for
             a
             singular
             helpe
             and
             anoyance
             .
          
           
             The
             Thirteenth
             ,
             Prostaxis
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             a
             Ioyning
             
             of
             Bodies
             together
             ,
             by
             adding
             to
             eyther
             of
             the
             Flankes
             ,
             or
             to
             both
             entirely
             ,
             any
             new
             Supply
             of
             Men
             ,
             eyther
             from
             the
             Reare
             of
             the
             same
             Battalia
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             ,
             from
             any
             other
             remooued
             Bodie
             or
             Regiment
             ,
             whereby
             the
             Front
             of
             the
             Battayle
             is
             increased
             .
          
           
             The
             Fourteenth
             ,
             Entaxis
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Insition
             ,
             
             or
             Inserting
             ,
             as
             when
             we
             draw
             the
             Light-Armed
             ,
             or
             Loose
             vnguarded
             Shotte
             ,
             within
             the
             spaces
             of
             the
             Fyles
             and
             Rankes
             of
             the
             Armed
             Battalia
             ,
             so
             as
             they
             may
             be
             free
             from
             danger
             ,
             and
             yet
             notwithstanding
             ,
             euer
             readie
             to
             deliuer
             their
             Vollies
             in
             the
             face
             of
             the
             Enemies
             ,
             be
             they
             Foote
             or
             Horse
             ,
             as
             they
             shall
             giue
             their
             aproaches
             .
          
           
             The
             Fifteenth
             ,
             Hypotaxis
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Double
             
             Winging
             ,
             as
             when
             we
             draw
             the
             Light-Armed
             
             or
             Loose
             Shott
             ,
             only
             within
             the
             Armed
             Winges
             of
             the
             Battalia
             ,
             and
             not
             into
             the
             Entire
             Bodie
             ,
             and
             placing
             them
             in
             such
             an
             Embowed
             forme
             ,
             that
             the
             whole
             forme
             or
             figure
             thereof
             may
             resemble
             a
             threefold
             Gate
             or
             Doore
             .
          
           
             
             The
             sixteenth
             ,
             we
             call
             an
             Induction
             ,
             or
             a
             
               Right
               Induction
            
             ,
             as
             when
             one
             Bodie
             or
             Battalia
             of
             one
             and
             the
             same
             kinde
             ,
             in
             forme
             and
             proportion
             ,
             followeth
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             March
             of
             Motion
             stretcheth
             out
             it selfe
             into
             the
             manner
             or
             forme
             of
             a
             Wing
             ,
             hauing
             the
             Depth
             much
             exceeding
             the
             Length
             ;
             And
             this
             kind
             of
             Battayle
             or
             
               Right
               Induction
            
             ,
             may
             consist
             eyther
             of
             a
             Single
             Bodie
             ,
             as
             when
             but
             one
             Enemie
             is
             feared
             ,
             or
             of
             a
             Double
             Bodie
             ,
             as
             when
             two
             are
             expected
             ,
             or
             of
             a
             Treble
             ,
             when
             three
             are
             on
             foote
             ,
             or
             of
             a
             Quadruple
             ,
             when
             the
             Enemie
             purposeth
             to
             giue
             on
             all
             sides
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Seauenteenth
             ,
             Paragoge
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Deduction
             ,
             is
             when
             a
             Battalia
             mooueth
             in
             a
             Wing
             ,
             not
             by
             File
             ,
             but
             by
             Ranke
             ,
             hauing
             the
             File-leaders
             on
             the
             Right-hand
             ,
             which
             is
             called
             a
             Right
             Deduction
             ,
             or
             on
             the
             Left
             Hand
             ,
             which
             is
             called
             a
             Left
             Hand
             Deduction
             ;
             And
             this
             Bodie
             or
             Battalia
             also
             Marcheth
             (
             as
             the
             former
             )
             eyther
             in
             a
             Single
             ,
             Double
             ,
             Treble
             ,
             or
             Quadruple
             Deuision
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             feare
             they
             apprehend
             of
             the
             Enemie
             ,
             and
             the
             aduantage
             of
             the
             place
             &
             ground
             ,
             vpon
             which
             they
             march
             and
             mooue
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Eighteenth
             ,
             Amphistomus
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             the
             Two
             Fronted
             Battayle
             ,
             and
             looketh
             vpon
             the
             Enemy
             two
             seuerall
             wayes
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             by
             an
             euen
             and
             lust
             Deuision
             ,
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             an
             equall
             
             conuersion
             of
             the
             two
             parts
             ;
             The
             Middle-men
             or
             Halfe-fyle
             men
             are
             turned
             back
             to
             back
             ,
             and
             those
             in
             the
             Front
             and
             Reare
             make
             two
             equall
             Fronts
             ,
             and
             brauely
             Aduance
             against
             the
             Enemie
             ,
             and
             this
             kinde
             of
             Motion
             is
             excellent
             against
             Horse
             .
          
           
             The
             Nineteenth
             ,
             Antistomus
             ,
             which
             wee
             also
             call
             a
             Two
             Fronted
             Battayle
             ,
             and
             differeth
             only
             
             from
             the
             former
             but
             in
             this
             ,
             that
             as
             the
             Two
             Fronted
             Battayle
             Amphistomus
             is
             Fronted
             by
             the
             Front
             and
             the
             Reare
             ,
             so
             this
             Two
             Fronted
             Battayle
             Antistomus
             ,
             is
             Fronted
             by
             the
             two
             Flanks
             ,
             the
             Right
             flanke
             ,
             and
             the
             Left
             ,
             and
             the
             Motion
             hath
             the
             like
             vse
             and
             perfection
             which
             the
             former
             hath
             ,
             being
             generally
             applyed
             for
             the
             Encounter
             of
             Horse
             .
          
           
             Diuers
             other
             particular
             Motions
             they
             haue
             ,
             both
             for
             Armies
             and
             Battalias
             ,
             
             as
             that
             which
             they
             call
             
               Diphalange
               Peristomus
               ,
               Diphalange
               Homoiostoneus
               ,
               Diphalange
               Heterostomus
               ,
            
             the
             Rhombe
             ,
             the
             Heteromekes
             ,
             the
             
               Epicampios
               Emprosthia
            
             ,
             the
             Cyrte
             ,
             the
             
               Tetragonall
               ,
               Ploesium
            
             ,
             and
             diuers
             others
             ,
             of
             which
             I
             shall
             haue
             occasion
             to
             write
             hereafter
             :
             For
             this
             present
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             generallity
             of
             Motion
             ,
             these
             already
             shewed
             and
             expounded
             are
             sufficient
             ;
             Of
             all
             which
             ,
             you
             shall
             in
             the
             ensuing
             Chapters
             (
             as
             particulars
             shall
             arise
             )
             receiue
             both
             full
             Demonstrations
             and
             Examples
             ,
             whereby
             the
             dullest
             vnderstanding
             shall
             be
             enabled
             to
             conceiue
             ,
             and
             carry
             away
             those
             Mysteries
             of
             Art
             and
             Science
             ,
             which
             hetherto
             haue
             layne
             hidden
             and
             obscured
             ;
             
             Nor
             haue
             I
             any
             intention
             in
             this
             Worke
             ,
             so
             to
             tye
             and
             conforme
             my selfe
             to
             the
             
             Auncients
             ,
             eyther
             Gretians
             ,
             or
             Romans
             ,
             that
             thereby
             (
             knitting
             my selfe
             to
             their
             Words
             and
             Phrases
             )
             I
             might
             bring
             a
             cloude
             of
             darkenesse
             ouer
             my
             Labours
             ,
             which
             I
             haue
             only
             dedicated
             to
             Trueth
             and
             Plainenesse
             :
             But
             I
             doe
             freely
             intend
             to
             set
             downe
             euery
             thing
             ,
             in
             those
             plaine
             ,
             moderne
             ,
             and
             vsuall
             formes
             of
             Direction
             ,
             as
             may
             be
             auaileable
             for
             the
             simplest
             capacity
             ,
             and
             profitable
             for
             all
             those
             that
             haue
             bound
             themselues
             Prentises
             to
             this
             Noble
             Art
             ,
             and
             glorious
             Aduancement
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             2.
             
             Of
             the
             Particular
             Motions
             belonging
             to
             the
             Foote
             onely
             .
          
           
             ALL
             manner
             of
             Marches
             and
             Motions
             whatsoeuer
             ,
             
             belonging
             to
             a
             Foote
             Company
             (
             as
             I
             haue
             touched
             before
             in
             my
             Accidence
             )
             must
             of
             necessity
             ,
             be
             eyther
             in
             Distance
             ,
             or
             Forme
             ;
             &
             eyther
             of
             these
             must
             be
             ,
             eyther
             in
             Fyles
             or
             Rankes
             ,
             seuerally
             ,
             and
             of
             themselues
             ,
             or
             else
             ioyntly
             ,
             both
             together
             .
          
           
             
             Of
             Fyles
             and
             Rankes
             ,
             what
             they
             are
             ,
             what
             their
             extents
             ought
             to
             be
             ,
             what
             effects
             ,
             vertues
             ,
             and
             vses
             are
             wrought
             by
             them
             ,
             I
             haue
             sufficiently
             shewed
             in
             my
             Accidence
             :
             Only
             ,
             because
             there
             is
             a
             little
             difference
             betwixt
             vs
             and
             the
             Auncients
             ,
             and
             betwixt
             the
             Schollers
             of
             these
             Moderne
             times
             ,
             and
             the
             Schollers
             of
             the
             Elder
             World
             ,
             I
             will
             as
             neere
             
             as
             I
             can
             ,
             reconcile
             them
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             ,
             bring
             them
             to
             shake
             hands
             ,
             and
             agree
             together
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             Receiuers
             of
             Millitarie
             Discipline
             (
             and
             those
             which
             are
             at
             this
             day
             their
             Schollers
             ,
             and
             profest
             Imitators
             )
             would
             haue
             a
             File
             to
             consist
             of
             Sixeteene
             Men
             in
             depth
             ,
             successiuely
             one
             after
             an
             other
             :
             Others
             would
             haue
             it
             consist
             of
             Eight
             ;
             And
             others
             (
             which
             are
             our
             latest
             and
             best
             approued
             )
             would
             haue
             them
             consist
             of
             Ten.
             
          
           
             The
             reason
             why
             the
             first
             would
             haue
             it
             consist
             of
             sixteene
             ,
             
             is
             because
             it
             is
             an
             euen
             and
             proportionable
             number
             ,
             which
             may
             bee
             doubled
             to
             the
             last
             man
             ;
             as
             from
             sixteene
             to
             eight
             ,
             from
             eight
             to
             foure
             ,
             from
             foure
             to
             two
             ,
             from
             two
             to
             one
             ;
             and
             so
             backe
             againe
             reduced
             to
             the
             first
             forme
             or
             Station
             .
             This
             I
             confesse
             beares
             a
             faire
             shew
             of
             much
             probability
             ,
             and
             was
             doubtlesse
             in
             the
             first
             Age
             ,
             of
             singular
             vse
             and
             benefit
             ,
             both
             for
             the
             forming
             and
             proportioning
             of
             Battailes
             ;
             as
             also
             for
             the
             readinesse
             of
             Marching
             ,
             and
             the
             mixing
             or
             ioyning
             of
             many
             Grosses
             ,
             or
             great
             Bodies
             ,
             in
             one
             square
             ,
             Round
             or
             Triangular
             fashion
             .
             But
             it
             is
             to
             be
             vnderstood
             ,
             that
             in
             these
             former
             dayes
             ,
             there
             was
             no
             vse
             or
             knowledge
             of
             Shot
             ,
             because
             the
             inuention
             of
             Fire
             lay
             then
             vnknowne
             ;
             their
             Darts
             ,
             Slings
             ,
             Crosse-bowes
             ,
             Long-bowes
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             ,
             which
             passed
             vnder
             the
             Light-armed
             ,
             held
             then
             no
             method
             or
             prescript
             forme
             in
             giuing
             their
             Volleis
             ,
             but
             deliuered
             them
             one
             ouer
             anothers
             head
             ,
             without
             danger
             :
             so
             that
             the
             deeper
             the
             File
             was
             ,
             the
             greater
             the
             Volley
             was
             ,
             and
             the
             Enemy
             the
             more
             indangered
             ;
             besides
             
             the
             drawing
             and
             nocking
             of
             the
             Arrow
             ,
             the
             Lading
             of
             the
             Sling
             ,
             the
             bending
             of
             the
             Crosse-bow
             ,
             and
             the
             charging
             of
             the
             Dart
             ,
             are
             Motions
             so
             soddaine
             ,
             so
             quicke
             ,
             and
             so
             secure
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             no
             necessity
             of
             alteration
             of
             place
             ;
             for
             in
             as
             much
             as
             not
             any
             of
             these
             Volleis
             are
             deliuered
             vpon
             the
             Leuell
             ,
             but
             vpon
             necessity
             on
             the
             Mounture
             ;
             therefore
             the
             forestanders
             ,
             or
             leaders
             of
             Files
             ,
             and
             their
             followers
             are
             not
             indangered
             by
             the
             Reare
             :
             so
             that
             in
             this
             case
             ,
             the
             deeper
             the
             File
             is
             ,
             the
             more
             hands
             are
             brought
             to
             fight
             ,
             and
             the
             victory
             the
             sooner
             obtained
             .
          
           
             But
             with
             vs
             now
             in
             these
             moderne
             and
             latter
             times
             ,
             wherein
             the
             Inuention
             of
             Shott
             and
             Powder
             is
             founde
             out
             ;
             and
             the
             danger
             ,
             Sodainnesse
             and
             Violence
             of
             the
             Fire
             is
             knowne
             :
             in
             so
             much
             that
             it
             is
             euer
             deliuered
             in
             Leuell
             ,
             seldome
             or
             neuer
             at
             Random
             (
             for
             that
             is
             vselesse
             and
             to
             no
             constant
             purpose
             )
             .
             In
             this
             case
             there
             is
             great
             respect
             to
             be
             had
             to
             the
             alteration
             and
             change
             of
             place
             ,
             for
             (
             as
             I
             haue
             sayd
             before
             )
             to
             deliuer
             Short
             one
             behinde
             another
             (
             and
             that
             also
             in
             Leuell
             )
             is
             for
             the
             hindmost
             to
             Kill
             the
             formost
             ,
             if
             they
             Shoot
             in
             Leuell
             (
             as
             they
             ought
             )
             or
             otherwise
             Shooting
             at
             Randome
             ,
             to
             spende
             their
             Bulletts
             to
             no
             purpose
             and
             leaue
             the
             Enemie
             vnauoided
             ;
             Therefore
             in
             this
             true
             and
             certayne
             Discipline
             ,
             Fier
             is
             onlye
             to
             be
             giuen
             in
             the
             Front
             ,
             and
             so
             by
             succession
             of
             Ranks
             ,
             one
             Volley
             after
             another
             ,
             euery
             hand
             is
             in
             his
             due
             time
             and
             place
             brought
             to
             Fight
             ,
             and
             the
             Volley
             hath
             no
             intermission
             or
             respeit
             .
          
           
             Now
             it
             is
             to
             bee
             considered
             in
             what
             space
             of
             
             time
             a
             man
             may
             Charge
             and
             Discharge
             his
             Peece
             mouing
             from
             the
             Front
             to
             the
             Reare
             ,
             and
             so
             Assending
             vp
             to
             the
             Front
             againe
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             found
             by
             the
             experience
             of
             all
             well
             Iudging
             Souldiers
             ,
             that
             the
             depth
             of
             Tenn
             men
             is
             the
             absolute
             best
             Number
             ,
             For
             the
             first
             man
             Discharging
             in
             the
             Front
             ,
             in
             the
             space
             that
             nine
             more
             shall
             come
             and
             doe
             the
             like
             :
             The
             first
             shall
             make
             his
             place
             good
             againe
             ,
             &
             so
             continnue
             the
             Volley
             
               ad
               infinitum
            
             .
             Now
             there
             are
             some
             which
             strongly
             hold
             opinion
             ,
             that
             Eight
             in
             depth
             of
             File
             shall
             doe
             as
             much
             as
             ten
             ,
             and
             with
             as
             litle
             Difficultie
             make
             readie
             and
             Present
             ;
             which
             no
             question
             ,
             may
             be
             possible
             ,
             in
             expert
             ,
             old
             ,
             and
             readie
             Soldiers
             and
             so
             a
             competent
             and
             sufficient
             File
             ;
             But
             in
             raw
             ,
             Ignorant
             ,
             and
             half
             exercised
             men
             it
             cannot
             be
             so
             ,
             Neither
             can
             it
             be
             hoped
             that
             dutie
             shall
             so
             sudainly
             be
             performed
             ,
             And
             if
             there
             be
             losse
             of
             dutie
             in
             one
             man
             ,
             there
             will
             be
             losse
             of
             duty
             in
             more
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             Volley
             will
             be
             weakned
             &
             the
             Battalia
             put
             in
             danger
             ;
             To
             add
             a
             man
             and
             make
             the
             File
             nine
             ,
             is
             no
             good
             Extent
             ,
             because
             that
             odd
             Number
             comming
             to
             be
             doubled
             ,
             there
             will
             be
             a
             weaknesse
             either
             in
             the
             Front
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             Reare
             ;
             And
             that
             wekenesse
             may
             ouerthrow
             the
             whole
             Battalia
             ;
             So
             that
             for
             a
             conclusion
             of
             this
             point
             ,
             I
             cannot
             but
             disallowe
             Sixteene
             in
             File
             as
             being
             to
             great
             a
             Number
             ,
             in
             which
             no
             lesse
             then
             Six
             men
             are
             lost
             in
             euery
             File
             so
             oft
             as
             they
             shall
             Sallie
             vp
             or
             make
             their
             aproaches
             ,
             eight
             I
             feare
             is
             two
             men
             to
             litle
             ,
             the
             Skill
             and
             Dexteritie
             of
             the
             Souldiers
             being
             doubtfull
             ;
             and
             Nine
             ,
             for
             the
             odds
             may
             not
             be
             admitted
             ,
             So
             that
             it
             resteth
             that
             Tenn
             men
             
             in
             File
             is
             the
             olde
             cettaine
             ,
             and
             alowable
             Number
             .
             I
             doe
             not
             denie
             but
             that
             in
             Exercising
             of
             the
             Souldiers
             ,
             the
             Number
             Eight
             is
             very
             alowable
             and
             will
             bring
             them
             to
             a
             great
             quicknesse
             and
             readinesse
             ,
             but
             when
             they
             shall
             be
             brought
             to
             to
             fight
             ,
             and
             mixe
             with
             other
             Regiments
             ;
             Then
             you
             are
             to
             obserue
             the
             generall
             forme
             of
             the
             Armie
             ,
             and
             what
             Extent
             of
             File
             the
             whole
             Armie
             Marcheth
             in
             ,
             the
             same
             Number
             and
             Proportion
             you
             shall
             keepe
             in
             your
             priuat
             Companie
             ,
             Which
             questionlesse
             at
             this
             day
             is
             the
             Number
             Tenn
             ,
             and
             no
             other
             :
             both
             for
             the
             fittnesse
             of
             the
             Number
             in
             Discharging
             Dutie
             ,
             as
             also
             in
             that
             by
             the
             Number
             Tenn
             ,
             Euery
             Hundred
             Men
             make
             a
             perfect
             Square
             ,
             and
             so
             are
             the
             soonest
             and
             with
             the
             least
             trouble
             drawne
             into
             any
             Forme
             of
             Battaile
             that
             the
             prncipall
             Commander
             can
             desire
             .
          
           
             Thus
             I
             haue
             shewed
             you
             the
             trne
             Extent
             of
             a
             File
             ,
             
             and
             the
             Impediments
             which
             hang
             vpon
             the
             alteration
             of
             Opinions
             ;
             wherein
             you
             are
             to
             vnderstand
             that
             in
             all
             Millitarie
             Motions
             there
             must
             be
             euer
             a
             certaine
             and
             Infallible
             grounde
             whereon
             to
             Builde
             the
             greater
             workes
             ;
             For
             where
             euerie
             thing
             is
             vncertaine
             there
             all
             things
             must
             needes
             be
             Confused
             ,
             Now
             in
             the
             Artt
             of
             Warr
             ,
             Rankes
             are
             vncertaine
             ,
             and
             doe
             consiste
             of
             Numbers
             accordinge
             to
             pleasure
             ?
             Companies
             are
             Imperfect
             ,
             Occationed
             by
             imployment
             ,
             Sicknesse
             ,
             Death
             ,
             or
             other
             Dissasters
             :
             Regiments
             are
             more
             or
             lesse
             according
             to
             the
             goodnesse
             ,
             or
             badnesse
             of
             the
             Officers
             ,
             only
             the
             File
             is
             certaine
             and
             without
             Alteration
             ,
             So
             that
             from
             that
             Ground
             ,
             euerie
             good
             
             and
             great
             Commander
             (
             vpon
             the
             first
             view
             )
             can
             tell
             howe
             to
             shape
             and
             proportion
             any
             Battaile
             whatsoeuer
             .
          
           
             This
             being
             then
             the
             concluding
             Maxime
             touching
             the
             true
             Extent
             ,
             
             and
             Quantitie
             of
             a
             File
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             Grounde
             or
             Foundation
             where
             vpon
             all
             great
             Battailes
             are
             Built
             .
             We
             will
             now
             proceede
             to
             the
             seuerall
             Motions
             belonging
             to
             the
             Foote
             Companies
             ,
             of
             which
             the
             first
             and
             Principall
             ,
             is
             the
             drauing
             of
             Rude
             ,
             and
             Indigested
             Grosses
             ,
             into
             a
             faire
             ,
             orderlie
             ,
             and
             well
             proportioned
             Bodie
             ;
             and
             this
             must
             not
             in
             anie
             wise
             be
             done
             by
             Rankinge
             ,
             and
             Drawinge
             forthe
             of
             Rankes
             ,
             for
             that
             is
             rude
             ,
             and
             vn-souldier
             like
             ,
             because
             Ranks
             haue
             no
             certainty
             ,
             nor
             hold
             any
             constant
             Number
             :
             So
             that
             no
             man
             taking
             a
             rude
             heape
             of
             confused
             men
             (
             which
             number
             he
             knoweth
             not
             )
             can
             tell
             how
             many
             Rankes
             they
             will
             containe
             ,
             and
             keepe
             the
             Files
             certaine
             :
             therefore
             to
             put
             these
             men
             in
             Order
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             done
             by
             Filing
             ,
             and
             not
             Ranking
             ;
             euery
             File
             of
             one
             and
             the
             same
             Weapon
             ,
             being
             drawne
             out
             File
             after
             File
             ,
             and
             then
             ioyned
             and
             formed
             into
             one
             grosse
             Body
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             pleasure
             of
             the
             Commander
             .
             And
             in
             this
             drawing
             vp
             of
             Bodies
             ,
             is
             to
             bee
             considered
             the
             composition
             ,
             or
             parts
             ,
             whereof
             euery
             File
             must
             consist
             ;
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             the
             principall
             and
             first
             man
             of
             euery
             File
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             Leader
             ,
             or
             Captaine
             of
             the
             File
             ,
             hee
             leadeth
             ;
             then
             followeth
             him
             three
             of
             Inferiour
             degree
             ;
             the
             first
             man
             is
             called
             the
             middle
             man
             to
             the
             Reare
             ,
             or
             a
             Leader
             of
             halfe
             files
             
             to
             the
             Reare
             ;
             the
             sixth
             man
             is
             called
             the
             middle-man
             to
             the
             Front
             ,
             or
             leader
             of
             the
             halfe
             file
             to
             the
             Front
             ;
             then
             after
             them
             ,
             three
             other
             inferiour
             followers
             ;
             and
             lastly
             ,
             the
             Reare
             ,
             or
             Bringer
             vp
             :
             So
             that
             euery
             File
             consisteth
             of
             foure
             men
             of
             eminence
             and
             desert
             ,
             as
             the
             Leader
             ,
             the
             Bringer
             vp
             ,
             
             the
             Middle-man
             to
             the
             Front
             ,
             and
             the
             Middle-man
             to
             the
             Reare
             ,
             and
             sixe
             inferiour
             followers
             or
             attendants
             ,
             as
             by
             this
             example
             you
             shall
             see
             more
             plainely
             .
          
           
             
               Single
               Files
               .
            
          
           
             
               Files
               in
               a
               Body
               .
            
          
           
           
             The
             next
             Motion
             after
             the
             drawing
             vp
             of
             confused
             Numbers
             into
             an
             vniforme
             ,
             
             is
             the
             closing
             and
             opening
             of
             Fyles
             or
             Rankes
             ,
             or
             both
             Fyles
             and
             Rankes
             at
             one
             instant
             ;
             And
             in
             this
             Motion
             ,
             is
             to
             be
             obserued
             ,
             true
             Distance
             ,
             or
             seperation
             of
             Place
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             will
             of
             the
             Commander
             ,
             because
             it
             is
             a
             Motion
             that
             only
             consisteth
             in
             distance
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             ,
             is
             a
             Motion
             in
             Forme
             ,
             and
             that
             also
             consisteth
             of
             Fyles
             or
             Rankes
             seuerally
             ,
             or
             of
             both
             Fyles
             and
             Rankes
             ioyntly
             ,
             in
             one
             instant
             ;
             And
             this
             is
             doubling
             of
             Fyles
             ,
             or
             Rankes
             :
             If
             doubling
             of
             Fyles
             ?
             it
             is
             according
             to
             this
             example
             .
          
           
             
               Fyles
               vndoubled
               .
            
          
           
             
               Fyles
               dubled
               to
               the
               Right
               Hand
               .
            
          
           
             These
             Fyles
             being
             eight
             in
             Number
             ,
             are
             doubled
             to
             the
             Right
             Hand
             ,
             
             the
             outermost
             or
             corner
             Man
             of
             the
             Rght
             Hand
             standing
             still
             ,
             and
             making
             good
             both
             his
             owne
             Place
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             his
             Fyle
             ,
             and
             the
             next
             Man
             on
             his
             Left
             Hand
             passing
             behind
             him
             ,
             and
             so
             successiuely
             the
             whole
             second
             Fyle
             passing
             (
             as
             the
             first
             )
             behind
             the
             first
             Fyle
             ,
             the
             fourth
             Fyle
             behind
             the
             third
             Fyle
             ,
             the
             sixth
             behind
             the
             fifth
             ,
             &
             the
             eight
             behind
             the
             seuenth
             ;
             
             and
             so
             they
             stand
             doubled
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             Example
             before
             shewed
             ;
             where
             eight
             Fyles
             are
             brought
             into
             foure
             ,
             and
             the
             depth
             of
             ten
             brought
             into
             the
             depth
             of
             twentie
             :
             And
             in
             this
             doubling
             ,
             is
             to
             be
             obserued
             ,
             by
             those
             which
             remooue
             and
             passe
             behind
             the
             other
             ,
             that
             if
             it
             be
             to
             the
             Right
             Hand
             ,
             then
             he
             is
             first
             to
             come
             about
             round
             with
             his
             Left
             Foote
             ,
             then
             step
             forward
             with
             his
             Right
             Foote
             behind
             his
             Leader
             that
             must
             be
             ,
             and
             then
             bring
             on
             his
             Left
             Foote
             ,
             and
             place
             his
             Body
             euen
             ;
             so
             that
             by
             these
             three
             Motions
             ,
             the
             action
             shall
             be
             performed
             in
             perfection
             :
             And
             thus
             as
             you
             double
             Fyles
             to
             the
             Right
             Hand
             ,
             so
             you
             may
             also
             double
             them
             to
             the
             Left
             Hand
             ,
             vsing
             euerie
             Motion
             in
             a
             contrary
             manner
             ;
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             where
             the
             Right
             hand
             Man
             did
             before
             stand
             firme
             ,
             and
             the
             Left
             hand
             Man
             did
             moue
             ;
             now
             the
             Left
             hand
             Man
             must
             stand
             firme
             ,
             and
             the
             Right
             hand
             Man
             must
             remoue
             ;
             and
             as
             before
             ,
             the
             Left
             foote
             did
             first
             come
             about
             ,
             so
             now
             the
             Right
             foote
             must
             ,
             and
             when
             they
             shall
             be
             reduced
             back
             againe
             to
             their
             first
             Place
             or
             Station
             ,
             then
             it
             is
             to
             be
             obserued
             ,
             that
             they
             must
             in
             three
             Stepps
             or
             Motions
             ,
             recouer
             their
             former
             Places
             ,
             remouing
             first
             the
             Left
             foote
             ,
             if
             the
             double
             were
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             ,
             and
             the
             Right
             foote
             ,
             if
             the
             double
             were
             made
             to
             the
             Left
             hand
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             Motion
             ,
             
             being
             also
             a
             Motion
             in
             Forme
             ,
             is
             the
             aduancing
             of
             Fyles
             ,
             which
             is
             also
             a
             doubling
             ,
             though
             after
             another
             manner
             :
             For
             in
             this
             aduancing
             of
             Fyles
             (
             if
             it
             be
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             )
             then
             the
             Right
             hand
             File
             standeth
             still
             ,
             and
             the
             Leader
             of
             the
             next
             file
             vnto
             it
             ,
             doth
             advance
             before
             
             the
             Right
             hand
             file
             ,
             and
             his
             whole
             file
             following
             him
             in
             true
             order
             and
             distance
             ,
             they
             all
             aduance
             ,
             till
             the
             Bringer
             vp
             ,
             or
             Reare
             Man
             ,
             stand
             iust
             before
             the
             Leader
             of
             the
             Right
             hand
             file
             ,
             which
             standeth
             still
             ,
             and
             moueth
             not
             ;
             then
             the
             fourth
             file
             aduanceth
             before
             the
             third
             ,
             the
             sixth
             before
             the
             fifth
             ,
             and
             the
             eight
             before
             the
             seauenth
             ,
             and
             so
             forth
             ,
             till
             euery
             other
             file
             haue
             aduanced
             in
             the
             whole
             Battalia
             :
             And
             in
             like
             manner
             ,
             if
             the
             Aduancement
             be
             made
             to
             the
             Left
             hand
             ,
             then
             those
             which
             stood
             still
             ,
             when
             the
             Aduancement
             was
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             shall
             moue
             ,
             and
             they
             which
             did
             moue
             shall
             now
             stand
             still
             ,
             as
             by
             these
             Examples
             doth
             more
             plainely
             apeare
             .
          
           
             
               Fyles
               Vnaduanced
               .
            
          
           
             
               Fyles
               Aduanced
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             how
             Fyles
             are
             to
             be
             Aduanced
             ,
             eyther
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             ,
             or
             to
             the
             Left
             ,
             wherein
             is
             to
             be
             obserued
             ;
             that
             howsoeuer
             I
             speake
             of
             files
             to
             be
             aduanced
             distinctly
             ,
             one
             after
             another
             ;
             yet
             the
             Motion
             is
             to
             be
             don
             entirely
             ,
             of
             one
             mouing
             file
             at
             one
             instant
             :
             And
             thus
             ,
             if
             you
             please
             ,
             you
             may
             Aduance
             so
             oft
             ,
             that
             you
             may
             bring
             a
             
             whole
             Battalia
             into
             one
             single
             file
             .
             
             Now
             for
             reducing
             them
             into
             their
             first
             forme
             or
             body
             againe
             ,
             the
             Word
             (
             
               As
               you
               were
            
             )
             being
             giuen
             ,
             euery
             mouing
             file
             that
             did
             Aduance
             ,
             shall
             turne
             Faces
             about
             ,
             and
             so
             march
             back
             to
             their
             first
             places
             ;
             and
             as
             thus
             ,
             you
             aduance
             eyther
             to
             the
             Right
             or
             Left
             hand
             at
             one
             instant
             ;
             So
             you
             may
             also
             at
             one
             instant
             aduance
             both
             to
             the
             Right
             and
             Left
             hand
             by
             deuision
             ,
             making
             the
             second
             file
             aduance
             before
             the
             first
             ,
             the
             fourth
             before
             the
             third
             ,
             the
             seuenth
             before
             the
             eight
             ,
             the
             fyfth
             before
             the
             sixth
             :
             And
             as
             thus
             in
             aduancing
             ,
             so
             also
             in
             doubling
             of
             files
             ,
             as
             you
             double
             to
             the
             Right
             or
             Left
             hand
             ;
             so
             you
             may
             double
             to
             both
             the
             Right
             and
             Left
             hand
             at
             one
             instant
             by
             deuision
             ,
             the
             second
             file
             passing
             behind
             the
             first
             ,
             the
             fourth
             behind
             the
             third
             ,
             then
             the
             seuenth
             behind
             the
             eight
             ,
             and
             the
             fifth
             behind
             the
             sixth
             .
          
           
             Now
             here
             by
             the
             way
             there
             may
             a
             scruple
             arise
             ,
             that
             for
             as
             much
             as
             numbers
             may
             vary
             ,
             and
             that
             all
             bodies
             hold
             not
             one
             euen
             or
             iust
             content
             or
             Number
             ;
             that
             then
             in
             case
             there
             be
             an
             odd
             file
             ,
             how
             then
             shall
             the
             bodie
             be
             doubled
             ?
             To
             this
             I
             answere
             ,
             that
             if
             you
             happen
             to
             haue
             an
             odde
             file
             ,
             then
             looke
             to
             what
             hand
             you
             double
             vnto
             ,
             then
             the
             outmost
             file
             to
             the
             contrary
             hand
             shall
             stand
             and
             keepe
             his
             place
             firme
             ,
             without
             doubling
             at
             all
             ;
             as
             if
             you
             double
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             ,
             then
             the
             Left
             hand
             file
             stands
             fast
             and
             vndoubled
             ;
             or
             if
             you
             double
             to
             the
             Left
             hand
             ,
             then
             the
             Right
             hand
             file
             stands
             fast
             and
             vndoubled
             ,
             as
             by
             these
             examples
             plainely
             apeareth
             .
          
           
             
               The
               odde
               Battalia
               Vudoubled
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               odde
               Battalia
               Doubled
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             how
             the
             odde
             Fyle
             standeth
             ,
             and
             is
             still
             preserued
             in
             euery
             Motion
             ,
             being
             still
             kept
             in
             its
             order
             ,
             both
             by
             the
             Leader
             and
             the
             Side-man
             ;
             and
             when
             so
             euer
             the
             Bodie
             is
             reduced
             into
             its
             first
             forme
             or
             Station
             ,
             then
             is
             it
             full
             and
             perfit
             ,
             as
             any
             other
             file
             what
             so
             euer
             .
          
           
           
             The
             next
             necessary
             Motiō
             vnto
             the
             doublings
             ,
             and
             aduancing
             of
             files
             ,
             
             is
             the
             Countermarching
             of
             files
             ,
             which
             is
             also
             another
             Motion
             in
             forme
             ;
             And
             of
             Countermarching
             ,
             there
             are
             diuers
             kindes
             ;
             as
             first
             ,
             the
             ordinary
             Countermarch
             ,
             which
             is
             daily
             vsed
             amongst
             vs
             ,
             when
             so
             euer
             we
             march
             or
             turne
             the
             bodie
             of
             the
             Battalta
             too
             or
             fro
             ;
             and
             this
             Countermarch
             ,
             is
             called
             of
             some
             ,
             The
             Persian
             Countermarch
             ,
             because
             it
             was
             first
             in
             vse
             amongst
             them
             ;
             others
             call
             it
             the
             Cretan
             ,
             as
             taken
             from
             the
             Immitation
             of
             those
             Souldiers
             ;
             &
             others
             call
             it
             the
             Choraean
             ,
             from
             Chorus
             ,
             which
             signifieth
             a
             Companie
             ,
             of
             which
             Companie
             ,
             there
             were
             certaine
             Dancers
             ,
             who
             in
             a
             Warlike
             Dance
             were
             the
             first
             beginners
             of
             this
             Motion
             ;
             This
             Motion
             is
             performed
             of
             the
             whole
             Battalia
             all
             at
             one
             instant
             ;
             the
             Leaders
             of
             the
             Fyles
             (
             vpon
             the
             word
             giuen
             ,
             to
             which
             hand
             they
             shall
             Countermarch
             )
             beginning
             the
             motion
             ,
             as
             thus
             ,
             If
             the
             Word
             be
             giuen
             to
             Countermarch
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             ,
             then
             shall
             the
             Leaders
             of
             the
             Fyles
             ,
             at
             one
             instant
             steppe
             one
             steppe
             forward
             with
             the
             Right
             foote
             ,
             then
             bringing
             the
             Left
             foote
             and
             the
             Bodie
             round
             about
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             ,
             and
             so
             march
             downe
             through
             the
             distance
             betweene
             the
             Fyles
             ,
             till
             they
             come
             to
             the
             Reare
             ,
             where
             the
             Bringer-vp
             stood
             ,
             and
             there
             they
             shall
             make
             a
             Stand
             ;
             And
             in
             this
             Motion
             ,
             euery
             Leader
             shall
             obserue
             his
             Right
             hand
             Man
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             keepe
             their
             Front
             whole
             and
             vndismembred
             ,
             because
             the
             least
             disorder
             in
             this
             Motion
             ,
             is
             the
             ouerthrow
             &
             disgrace
             of
             the
             whole
             Bodie
             ;
             and
             as
             these
             Leaders
             
             begin
             and
             conduct
             in
             this
             orderly
             manner
             ;
             so
             shall
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             euery
             File
             ,
             obseruing
             true
             Place
             and
             Distance
             ,
             follow
             with
             as
             great
             care
             and
             seuerity
             ,
             euery
             Man
             obseruing
             his
             Leader
             and
             his
             Right
             hand
             Man
             ,
             and
             that
             by
             no
             meanes
             they
             offer
             to
             turne
             ,
             till
             they
             haue
             made
             good
             the
             first
             place
             ,
             where
             the
             Fyle
             Leaders
             did
             turne
             ,
             and
             so
             keeping
             their
             Rankes
             euen
             and
             iust
             ,
             the
             Motion
             will
             be
             exceeding
             comely
             ,
             as
             by
             this
             Example
             apeareth
             .
          
           
             
               A
               Battaila
               in
               Countermarch
               to
               the
               Right
               Hand
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Battalia
               after
               the
               Counter
               march
               .
            
          
           
           
             Now
             as
             they
             doe
             thus
             Countermarch
             to
             the
             Reare
             ,
             so
             they
             may
             if
             the
             Commander
             please
             ,
             countermarch
             backe
             to
             the
             Front
             againe
             without
             intermission
             ,
             and
             so
             as
             oft
             and
             as
             farre
             as
             the
             Commander
             pleaseth
             .
             Now
             in
             this
             Countermarch
             ,
             it
             would
             bee
             obserued
             ,
             that
             the
             Files
             should
             euer
             be
             well
             opened
             ;
             as
             at
             the
             open
             Order
             of
             sixe
             foote
             at
             the
             least
             ;
             as
             for
             the
             Ranks
             they
             may
             be
             either
             at
             Order
             ,
             or
             
               close
               Order
            
             ,
             vnlesse
             they
             consist
             of
             Shot
             ,
             and
             then
             they
             may
             not
             march
             straighter
             then
             the
             Order
             of
             three
             foot
             ;
             because
             otherwise
             it
             will
             incumber
             them
             ,
             and
             take
             from
             them
             the
             vse
             of
             their
             Weapons
             :
             and
             as
             thus
             the
             Countermarch
             is
             made
             to
             the
             right
             or
             left
             Hand
             entirely
             ;
             so
             it
             may
             bee
             made
             both
             to
             the
             right
             and
             left
             Hand
             by
             diuision
             ,
             as
             hath
             beene
             shewed
             before
             in
             other
             motions
             .
             And
             this
             Countermarch
             is
             of
             singular
             vse
             ,
             for
             it
             chargeth
             the
             Enemy
             standing
             ,
             it
             chargeth
             him
             Marching
             ,
             and
             it
             chargeth
             him
             retyring
             ;
             besides
             it
             bringeth
             euery
             hand
             to
             fight
             and
             suffereth
             none
             to
             loose
             duty
             .
          
           
             
             The
             next
             Countermarch
             is
             that
             which
             is
             called
             the
             Lacedemonians
             Countermarch
             ,
             as
             being
             first
             receiued
             from
             their
             example
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             of
             singular
             vse
             in
             charging
             of
             the
             enemie
             ,
             in
             making
             of
             approaches
             ,
             and
             in
             gaining
             of
             ground
             of
             aduantage
             ;
             and
             though
             at
             first
             the
             Ancients
             found
             it
             out
             for
             their
             light
             Armed
             ,
             which
             were
             their
             Slings
             ,
             Darts
             ,
             Crosse-bowes
             ,
             and
             Long-bowes
             .
             Yet
             now
             with
             vs
             it
             is
             found
             of
             most
             excellent
             vse
             for
             our
             Shot
             ,
             and
             not
             vnnecessary
             
             for
             the
             Pikes
             ,
             and
             other
             short
             Weapons
             for
             execution
             ,
             because
             it
             bringeth
             forward
             euery
             hand
             in
             the
             Charge
             ,
             and
             suffereth
             none
             to
             loose
             duty
             ,
             neither
             doe
             they
             at
             any
             time
             stand
             or
             slacke
             in
             their
             Charge
             ,
             but
             still
             aduance
             and
             goe
             forward
             ,
             till
             they
             haue
             attained
             the
             ende
             of
             their
             purpose
             .
          
           
             The
             manner
             of
             this
             Nation
             is
             thus
             ,
             the
             first
             Ranke
             or
             Leaders
             of
             the
             Files
             of
             Shot
             ,
             doe
             present
             and
             giue
             fire
             ,
             then
             stand
             ;
             and
             the
             second
             Ranke
             passing
             either
             to
             the
             right
             or
             left
             Hand
             (
             according
             to
             commandement
             )
             aduance
             before
             the
             first
             Ranke
             ,
             couering
             them
             both
             in
             order
             and
             distance
             ;
             then
             the
             third
             Ranke
             aduanceth
             and
             couereth
             the
             second
             ;
             the
             fourth
             ,
             the
             third
             ;
             and
             so
             foorth
             in
             an
             orderly
             charge
             ,
             till
             the
             Bringer
             vp
             or
             Reare
             be
             brought
             and
             made
             the
             Front
             ;
             and
             so
             as
             occasion
             shall
             serue
             to
             continue
             still
             ,
             till
             the
             ende
             of
             Commandment
             .
             Now
             for
             the
             Pikes
             or
             short
             Weapons
             ,
             they
             shall
             not
             need
             to
             aduance
             one
             Ranke
             before
             another
             ,
             but
             shall
             keepe
             their
             constant
             March
             (
             with
             their
             Pykes
             aduanced
             ,
             ported
             ,
             or
             shouldered
             )
             euen
             still
             with
             the
             first
             Ranke
             of
             Shot
             ,
             till
             they
             come
             to
             encounter
             and
             charge
             the
             Enemy
             ,
             and
             then
             at
             pleasure
             ,
             and
             as
             occasion
             shall
             serue
             ,
             they
             may
             couer
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             bring
             euery
             seuerall
             hand
             to
             the
             pushe
             ,
             till
             the
             last
             be
             first
             ,
             and
             the
             first
             last
             ,
             as
             by
             this
             Example
             doth
             plainely
             appeare
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Battalia
               before
               the
               Countermarch
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Countermarch
               performed
               .
            
          
           
           
             There
             be
             others
             which
             would
             haue
             this
             Lacedemonian
             Countermarch
             in
             an
             other
             maner
             ,
             which
             is
             for
             the
             first
             Ranke
             to
             Face
             to
             the
             Reare
             ,
             then
             the
             second
             Ranke
             ,
             and
             so
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             to
             march
             vp
             and
             turne
             behinde
             their
             Leaders
             ;
             but
             they
             are
             mistaken
             ,
             and
             conceiue
             not
             rightly
             of
             the
             Author
             from
             whence
             they
             take
             their
             Instruction
             :
             for
             this
             Motion
             rather
             looseth
             then
             gayneth
             ground
             ,
             and
             seemeth
             rather
             to
             retyre
             ,
             then
             charge
             ;
             But
             I
             leaue
             the
             reconcilement
             of
             the
             doubt
             to
             those
             of
             better
             Iudgement
             .
          
           
             
             The
             next
             Motion
             is
             called
             the
             Macedonian
             Countermarch
             ,
             but
             from
             what
             ground
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             yet
             discussed
             .
             As
             for
             the
             manner
             of
             the
             Motion
             ,
             it
             is
             in
             this
             wise
             ;
             The
             File
             leaders
             all
             turne
             about
             their
             Faces
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             with
             the
             Bringers
             vp
             ,
             goe
             against
             them
             on
             the
             right
             or
             left
             hand
             ,
             and
             passing
             on
             to
             the
             Ground
             before
             the
             Front
             of
             the
             Battalia
             ,
             place
             themselues
             in
             order
             one
             after
             another
             ,
             according
             as
             the
             File-leaders
             haue
             turned
             their
             Faces
             ,
             making
             a
             shew
             vnto
             the
             Enemy
             as
             if
             they
             were
             retyring
             ,
             or
             running
             away
             ;
             which
             inticing
             the
             enemy
             to
             pursue
             ,
             is
             of
             most
             singular
             vse
             to
             make
             him
             leaue
             and
             forsake
             any
             place
             or
             ground
             of
             aduantage
             .
             Others
             take
             this
             Motion
             to
             bee
             the
             Macedonian
             Countermarch
             ,
             when
             the
             File-leader
             turneth
             about
             his
             face
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             passing
             by
             him
             on
             the
             right
             or
             left
             Hand
             ,
             place
             themselues
             orderly
             ,
             one
             behinde
             another
             .
             And
             here
             is
             to
             be
             noted
             ,
             that
             all
             these
             Countermarches
             already
             spoken
             of
             ,
             may
             
             as
             well
             be
             done
             by
             Ranks
             ,
             as
             by
             Fyles
             ,
             and
             both
             to
             the
             right
             or
             left
             hand
             entirely
             ,
             or
             to
             both
             by
             deuision
             ,
             or
             both
             by
             Conuersion
             ;
             as
             in
             the
             former
             Examples
             .
          
           
             
             The
             next
             Motion
             ,
             is
             the
             doubling
             of
             Rankes
             either
             to
             the
             Right
             or
             Left
             Hand
             intirely
             ,
             as
             when
             the
             second
             Ranke
             marcheth
             into
             the
             first
             ,
             the
             fourth
             into
             the
             third
             ,
             the
             sixt
             into
             the
             fift
             ,
             and
             the
             eight
             into
             the
             seuenth
             ;
             and
             this
             Motion
             must
             be
             done
             very
             orderly
             ,
             beginning
             with
             the
             left
             foote
             ,
             and
             at
             three
             steps
             making
             perfect
             the
             doubling
             ;
             then
             when
             they
             are
             to
             be
             reduced
             to
             their
             first
             Forme
             againe
             ,
             to
             obserue
             that
             if
             they
             doubled
             to
             the
             right
             Hand
             ,
             then
             they
             must
             turne
             on
             the
             left
             hand
             ,
             to
             come
             to
             their
             first
             places
             againe
             ,
             and
             so
             contrary
             to
             the
             other
             ,
             as
             occasion
             shall
             serue
             ;
             or
             this
             Motion
             may
             be
             done
             to
             both
             hands
             by
             Deuision
             ,
             or
             to
             both
             hands
             by
             Conversion
             ,
             and
             to
             either
             
               Open
               Order
               ,
               Order
            
             ,
             or
             
               Close
               Order
            
             :
             according
             to
             these
             examples
             .
          
           
             
               Rankes
               vndoubled
               .
            
          
           
             
               Rankes
               Doubled
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             Rankes
             doubled
             and
             vndoubled
             ,
             now
             there
             is
             another
             manner
             of
             doubling
             of
             Rankes
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             by
             the
             Middlemen
             ,
             or
             halfe
             Files
             ,
             when
             they
             Aduancing
             and
             leading
             vp
             their
             halfe
             Files
             brings
             the
             fift
             Ranke
             on
             which
             hand
             they
             are
             commanded
             (
             being
             Middlemen
             to
             the
             Front
             )
             into
             the
             first
             Ranke
             ,
             the
             sixt
             into
             the
             second
             ,
             the
             seuenth
             into
             the
             third
             ,
             and
             the
             eight
             in-into
             the
             fourth
             ,
             which
             are
             Middlemen
             vnto
             the
             Reare
             :
             as
             you
             may
             see
             in
             this
             example
             .
          
           
             
               Halfe
               Files
               vndoubled
               .
            
          
           
             
               Halfe
               Files
               Doubled
               .
            
          
           
             
             Now
             to
             reduce
             ,
             or
             bring
             these
             into
             their
             first
             place
             or
             forme
             ,
             the
             halfe
             Fyles
             which
             did
             ascend
             ,
             shall
             turne
             their
             Faces
             about
             ,
             and
             following
             the
             Reare
             ,
             or
             Bringer
             vp
             ,
             euery
             Man
             shall
             descend
             ,
             and
             come
             into
             his
             first
             place
             ,
             as
             he
             was
             before
             .
          
           
           
           
             And
             when
             this
             Bodie
             shall
             againe
             be
             reduced
             into
             his
             first
             place
             ,
             
             then
             shall
             the
             Bringers
             vp
             ,
             or
             Reare
             ,
             with
             their
             halfe
             files
             ,
             turne
             their
             Faces
             about
             ,
             and
             the
             Ranke
             5
             shall
             fall
             behinde
             the
             Ranke
             4
             the
             Ranke
             6
             behind
             5
             the
             ranke
             7
             behind
             6
             and
             the
             ranke
             8
             (
             being
             the
             Reare
             ,
             or
             Bringrs
             vp
             )
             behind
             the
             ranke
             7
             and
             so
             euery
             Man
             is
             in
             his
             first
             place
             againe
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             motion
             vnto
             these
             ,
             is
             Wheeling
             ,
             
             or
             Turning
             the
             whole
             Bodie
             of
             the
             Battalia
             ,
             to
             one
             ,
             or
             the
             other
             Hand
             ,
             or
             entirely
             round
             about
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             by
             Deuision
             ,
             to
             Wheele
             it
             to
             both
             Hands
             at
             once
             ,
             eyther
             in
             part
             ,
             or
             else
             Round
             about
             ;
             the
             generall
             manner
             of
             the
             Motion
             is
             thus
             ;
             First
             close
             your
             Files
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             ,
             and
             your
             Rankes
             to
             the
             Swords
             poynt
             ;
             then
             make
             the
             Corner
             file
             Leader
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             stand
             fast
             ,
             and
             then
             all
             the
             whole
             Bodie
             of
             the
             Battalia
             to
             mooue
             or
             Wheele
             about
             him
             ,
             as
             about
             a
             Center
             ,
             eyther
             halfe
             about
             ,
             or
             three
             parts
             about
             ,
             or
             else
             wholy
             and
             fully
             round
             about
             :
             Now
             to
             reduce
             it
             to
             the
             first
             Posture
             or
             Station
             ,
             you
             shall
             command
             euery
             Man
             to
             turne
             his
             Face
             to
             the
             Left
             hand
             ,
             then
             Wheele
             the
             Bodie
             back
             againe
             ,
             till
             it
             come
             to
             its
             first
             Place
             ,
             and
             then
             open
             the
             Rankes
             downeward
             ,
             and
             the
             Fyles
             eyther
             to
             one
             ,
             or
             the
             other
             Hand
             ,
             at
             pleasure
             :
             As
             thus
             you
             Wheele
             the
             whole
             Body
             to
             the
             one
             ,
             or
             the
             other
             Hand
             ,
             or
             entirely
             round
             about
             ,
             so
             you
             may
             wheele
             it
             to
             both
             Handes
             at
             once
             ,
             by
             Deuision
             ,
             eyther
             in
             part
             ,
             or
             round
             about
             ,
             according
             to
             pleasure
             ;
             And
             this
             is
             of
             singular
             Vse
             ,
             when
             the
             Horse
             shall
             come
             to
             
             Charge
             the
             Foote
             ;
             for
             by
             this
             Wheele
             ,
             you
             shall
             couer
             your
             Shotte
             safe
             ,
             and
             leaue
             your
             Pikes
             outmost
             ,
             to
             receyue
             the
             Charge
             :
             Now
             this
             Wheele
             is
             to
             be
             made
             after
             an
             other
             manner
             ;
             for
             where
             before
             ,
             eyther
             the
             corner
             Man
             of
             the
             Right
             hand
             file
             ,
             or
             the
             Corner
             Man
             of
             the
             Left
             hand
             file
             ,
             was
             to
             stand
             fast
             and
             firme
             ,
             now
             all
             shall
             moue
             ,
             and
             onely
             the
             Middle
             Man
             in
             the
             Reare
             ,
             to
             the
             right
             Flanke
             ,
             and
             the
             middle
             Man
             in
             the
             Reare
             ,
             to
             the
             Left
             Flanke
             ,
             shall
             stand
             fast
             ,
             and
             vnmoued
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             two
             Deuided
             Bodies
             shall
             moue
             about
             them
             ,
             according
             to
             these
             Examples
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Battalia
               Vnwheeled
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Battalia
               Wheeling
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Battalia
               halfe
               Wheeled
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Battalia
               Wheeled
               round
               about
               .
            
          
           
           
             Thus
             you
             haue
             seene
             the
             manner
             of
             Wheeling
             ,
             with
             the
             seuerall
             Motions
             ,
             and
             Vses
             thereof
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             Motion
             ,
             whereto
             foote
             Companies
             ought
             to
             be
             applyed
             ,
             is
             the
             Casting
             off
             of
             files
             ,
             
             or
             ,
             as
             some
             call
             it
             ,
             the
             Giuing
             of
             Fire
             ,
             by
             Flanke
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             Flanke
             ;
             and
             this
             motion
             of
             casting
             of
             Files
             ,
             is
             done
             diuers
             waies
             ;
             as
             first
             ,
             in
             Flanke
             ,
             then
             in
             Wing
             ,
             and
             lastly
             ,
             before
             the
             Front
             :
             If
             you
             cast
             off
             files
             in
             flanke
             to
             the
             Right
             hand
             ,
             then
             the
             right
             hand
             file
             (
             being
             readie
             to
             giue
             fire
             )
             standeth
             still
             ,
             till
             the
             Bodie
             of
             the
             Battalia
             be
             marcht
             so
             far
             forward
             ,
             that
             the
             Reare
             ,
             or
             Bringers
             vp
             ,
             become
             euen
             with
             the
             Leader
             of
             the
             right
             hand
             file
             ;
             then
             that
             file
             so
             standing
             ,
             and
             prepared
             ,
             giueth
             fire
             altogether
             ;
             then
             presently
             march
             vp
             betwene
             the
             outmost
             file
             of
             Pikes
             ,
             on
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             and
             the
             inmost
             file
             of
             Shotte
             ;
             then
             the
             second
             file
             of
             Shotte
             ,
             as
             the
             first
             ,
             doth
             stand
             still
             ,
             till
             the
             Bodie
             be
             marched
             by
             ,
             and
             then
             giue
             their
             Volley
             ,
             and
             then
             march
             vp
             as
             they
             first
             did
             ,
             betweene
             the
             outmost
             file
             of
             Pikes
             ,
             and
             the
             inmost
             file
             of
             Shotte
             ,
             as
             aforesaide
             ;
             And
             thus
             successiuely
             ,
             euery
             file
             of
             Shotte
             giueth
             their
             Volley
             ,
             that
             are
             conteyned
             in
             that
             right
             Wing
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             wheele
             the
             whole
             Bodie
             about
             ,
             and
             bring
             the
             Left
             Wing
             ,
             to
             doe
             as
             much
             as
             the
             Right
             Wing
             ,
             and
             so
             Wing
             after
             Wing
             ,
             according
             to
             pleasure
             ;
             And
             this
             manner
             of
             casting
             of
             Files
             in
             Flanke
             ,
             is
             of
             excellent
             vse
             for
             the
             beating
             of
             Paces
             in
             Woods
             ,
             or
             Bogges
             ;
             also
             ,
             for
             the
             mayntaining
             of
             straight
             and
             narrow
             Waies
             ,
             for
             defence
             of
             Bridges
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             ;
             and
             that
             you
             may
             haue
             a
             better
             vnderstanding
             therein
             ,
             
             behold
             the
             figures
             following
             .
          
           
             
               Files
               cast
               off
               in
               Flanke
               to
               the
               Right
               Hand
               .
            
          
           
             Here
             you
             see
             the
             File
             1.
             standeth
             still
             ,
             and
             hauing
             giuen
             their
             Volley
             ,
             are
             to
             retreat
             betweene
             the
             File
             4.
             and
             the
             file
             3.
             then
             the
             file
             2.
             standeth
             still
             and
             hauing
             giuen
             their
             Volley
             ,
             retreat
             betweene
             the
             file
             4.
             and
             the
             file
             1.
             then
             the
             file
             3.
             standeth
             still
             ,
             and
             hauing
             giuen
             their
             Volley
             ,
             retreate
             betweene
             the
             file
             4.
             and
             the
             file
             2.
             and
             
             then
             the
             whole
             wing
             is
             as
             it
             was
             at
             the
             first
             ,
             1.2.3
             now
             as
             thus
             you
             may
             cast
             off
             the
             files
             to
             both
             Hands
             ,
             making
             the
             file
             10.
             to
             stand
             ,
             and
             the
             Volley
             giuen
             to
             retreate
             betweene
             the
             file
             8.
             and
             the
             file
             7.
             then
             the
             file
             9.
             to
             stand
             ,
             and
             the
             Volley
             giuen
             to
             retreate
             betweene
             the
             file
             7.
             and
             the
             file
             10.
             then
             the
             file
             8.
             to
             stand
             ,
             and
             the
             volley
             giuen
             ,
             to
             retreat
             betweene
             the
             file
             7.
             and
             the
             file
             9.
             
             So
             then
             the
             body
             is
             brought
             againe
             to
             his
             first
             forme
             ,
             8.9.10
             .
          
           
             Now
             for
             the
             casting
             of
             Files
             in
             Wing
             ,
             you
             must
             draw
             foorth
             the
             File
             1.
             on
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             and
             the
             file
             10.
             on
             the
             left
             hand
             in
             the
             manner
             of
             Wings
             ,
             and
             hauing
             giuen
             their
             Volley
             ,
             shall
             stand
             still
             till
             the
             reare
             bee
             aduanced
             ,
             and
             then
             the
             file
             1.
             shall
             retreat
             betweene
             the
             file
             4.
             and
             the
             file
             3.
             and
             the
             file
             10.
             shall
             retreat
             between
             the
             file
             7.
             and
             the
             file
             8.
             as
             in
             the
             former
             example
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             files
             one
             after
             another
             ,
             this
             example
             appeareth
             .
          
           
             
               Files
               cast
               off
               in
               Wings
               .
            
          
           
             Lastly
             ,
             there
             are
             Files
             cast
             off
             before
             the
             Front
             of
             the
             Battalia
             ,
             after
             this
             manner
             .
          
           
             
               Files
               cast
               off
               before
               the
               Front.
               
            
          
           
           
             Here
             as
             you
             see
             the
             file
             1.
             to
             the
             right
             Hand
             is
             drawne
             before
             the
             Front
             ,
             who
             as
             soone
             as
             they
             haue
             giuen
             fire
             ,
             shall
             turne
             their
             faces
             to
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             and
             following
             the
             
               Bringer
               vp
            
             ,
             shall
             make
             retreate
             betweene
             the
             files
             4
             and
             3.
             and
             there
             couer
             themselues
             till
             they
             haue
             made
             ready
             againe
             .
             Then
             shal
             be
             drawn
             forth
             before
             the
             Front
             ,
             the
             file
             10
             to
             the
             left
             Hand
             ,
             who
             after
             they
             haue
             giuen
             fire
             ,
             shall
             turne
             faces
             to
             the
             left
             Hand
             ,
             and
             retreat
             betweene
             the
             files
             8.
             and
             7.
             then
             shall
             bee
             drawne
             out
             the
             file
             2.
             to
             the
             right
             Hand
             ,
             which
             hauing
             giuen
             fire
             ,
             turne
             faces
             as
             before
             to
             the
             right
             Hand
             ,
             and
             then
             retreate
             betweene
             the
             files
             4
             and
             1.
             
             Likewise
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             the
             file
             9
             is
             drawne
             out
             to
             the
             left
             Hand
             ,
             and
             hauing
             giuen
             fire
             ,
             turne
             their
             faces
             ,
             and
             retreate
             between
             the
             files
             7
             and
             10.
             and
             thus
             successiuely
             one
             after
             another
             you
             shall
             drawe
             foorth
             euery
             file
             of
             Shot
             ,
             first
             on
             the
             right
             Hand
             ,
             then
             on
             the
             left
             ,
             till
             the
             seruice
             be
             accomplished
             ,
             and
             thus
             much
             of
             the
             casting
             off
             the
             files
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             yet
             an
             other
             Motion
             of
             the
             foote
             ,
             which
             is
             worthy
             obseruation
             ,
             
             and
             that
             is
             opening
             and
             closing
             of
             Rankes
             and
             Files
             :
             wherein
             is
             to
             be
             noted
             ,
             as
             I
             haue
             shewed
             in
             the
             Accidence
             ,
             that
             Rankes
             when
             they
             open
             to
             any
             Order
             whatsoeuer
             ,
             ought
             ,
             for
             the
             most
             part
             ,
             to
             open
             downeward
             ,
             by
             turning
             
               Face
               about
            
             ,
             and
             descending
             till
             they
             come
             to
             the
             distance
             commanded
             ,
             and
             then
             to
             turne
             
               Faces
               as
               they
               were
            
             ,
             but
             when
             they
             close
             to
             any
             Order
             ,
             it
             must
             euer
             be
             done
             vpward
             ,
             towards
             the
             Front.
             〈◊〉
             Files
             when
             they
             open
             
             or
             close
             must
             euermore
             doe
             it
             to
             the
             right
             or
             left
             Hand
             ,
             or
             to
             both
             ,
             in
             this
             manner
             .
          
           
             If
             you
             giue
             the
             word
             of
             Command
             plainely
             ,
             and
             barely
             ,
             
             without
             any
             implication
             ,
             or
             addition
             thus
             ,
             
               Open
               your
               File
               to
               Open
               Order
               ,
               &c.
            
             or
             to
             any
             other
             Order
             ;
             then
             shall
             the
             two
             Middle
             Men
             to
             the
             two
             Flankes
             standing
             in
             the
             middest
             of
             the
             Front
             ,
             open
             the
             one
             from
             the
             other
             according
             to
             the
             distance
             appointed
             ,
             and
             their
             whole
             Files
             shall
             follow
             them
             in
             an
             euen
             line
             ;
             then
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             File-leader
             shall
             open
             from
             these
             Middle
             men
             ,
             one
             halfe
             to
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             the
             other
             to
             the
             left
             ,
             till
             the
             whole
             Battalia
             bee
             opened
             ,
             according
             to
             Commandment
             ,
             as
             you
             may
             see
             by
             this
             example
             .
          
           
             
               Files
               opened
               from
               the
               Middle-men
               .
            
          
           
           
             And
             as
             thus
             you
             open
             ,
             (
             if
             the
             Word
             be
             giuen
             in
             one
             and
             the
             selfe
             same
             manner
             :
             )
             so
             likewise
             you
             must
             close
             your
             Files
             ,
             the
             Middleman
             first
             ioyning
             with
             their
             Files
             ;
             then
             after
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             File-leaders
             ,
             with
             their
             files
             to
             both
             hands
             ,
             till
             the
             Commandment
             be
             fulfilled
             .
          
           
             But
             if
             the
             Word
             of
             Command
             bee
             giuen
             ,
             
             
               Files
               to
               the
               right
               hand
               open
               to
               open
               Order
               ,
               &c.
            
             or
             to
             any
             Order
             else
             ,
             then
             shall
             the
             right
             Hand
             File-leader
             with
             his
             file
             ,
             and
             so
             successiuely
             euery
             other
             File-leader
             (
             with
             their
             files
             )
             shall
             open
             after
             the
             Right
             Hand
             Man
             ,
             till
             the
             Command
             be
             perfited
             ;
             and
             as
             thus
             you
             open
             ,
             so
             you
             must
             also
             close
             ;
             and
             as
             you
             open
             or
             close
             to
             the
             right
             Hand
             ,
             so
             you
             must
             open
             or
             close
             to
             the
             left
             Hand
             ,
             when
             the
             Word
             of
             Command
             is
             giuen
             to
             that
             purpose
             .
          
           
             Diuerse
             other
             Motions
             there
             be
             belonging
             to
             the
             
               Foote
               Companies
            
             ,
             
             as
             the
             turning
             of
             Faces
             to
             either
             Hand
             or
             about
             ;
             the
             forme
             whereof
             is
             express
             almost
             in
             euery
             figure
             before
             shewed
             :
             Also
             the
             Charging
             to
             any
             Hand
             ,
             to
             the
             Front
             ,
             to
             the
             Reare
             ,
             or
             to
             all
             at
             an
             instant
             ;
             of
             which
             I
             shall
             haue
             cause
             to
             speake
             more
             amply
             in
             anoother
             place
             :
             Therefore
             at
             this
             time
             ,
             these
             already
             expressed
             ,
             shall
             serue
             for
             the
             Motions
             of
             the
             
               Foote
               Company
            
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             CHAP.
             3.
             
             Of
             the
             seuerall
             Motions
             which
             belong
             vnto
             Horse
             ,
             Or
             ,
             Horse
             Troopes
             .
          
           
             
             THe
             Motions
             of
             Horse
             are
             diuers
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             opinion
             of
             the
             Auntients
             ,
             and
             to
             these
             Moderne
             times
             also
             ,
             as
             you
             may
             perceiue
             by
             my
             Accidence
             ,
             wherein
             I
             haue
             set
             you
             downe
             the
             seuerall
             words
             of
             command
             ,
             belonging
             to
             euery
             Motion
             of
             Horse
             now
             in
             vse
             ;
             all
             which
             ,
             are
             so
             neere
             a
             kinne
             to
             the
             Foote
             Motions
             ,
             that
             I
             hold
             it
             needelesse
             to
             repeate
             them
             ouer
             heere
             againe
             ,
             but
             referre
             those
             which
             desire
             to
             learne
             those
             generall
             Motions
             ,
             to
             the
             Accidence
             ,
             and
             to
             those
             Motions
             of
             Foote
             which
             are
             already
             specified
             and
             set
             downe
             in
             this
             Grammer
             :
             I
             will
             now
             proceed
             to
             those
             other
             Motions
             and
             Imbattaylings
             of
             Horse
             ,
             which
             being
             more
             difficult
             and
             strange
             ,
             doth
             more
             amase
             the
             minde
             of
             the
             industrious
             Learner
             ,
             and
             are
             harder
             attayned
             vnto
             by
             Discourse
             ,
             without
             some
             playner
             Demonstration
             .
          
           
             First
             therefore
             ,
             the
             generall
             Motions
             of
             Horse
             at
             this
             day
             (
             wherein
             the
             Launce
             the
             
               Light
               Staffe
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Snort
             Pistoll
             are
             taken
             away
             ,
             and
             onely
             the
             Long
             Pistoll
             and
             Dragoone
             in
             vse
             )
             are
             conteyned
             in
             Trooping
             ,
             Discouering
             ,
             Charging
             ,
             Wheeling
             ,
             and
             Retyring
             ;
             and
             all
             these
             are
             done
             ,
             eyther
             by
             whole
             Bodies
             ,
             by
             Parts
             ,
             or
             Deuisions
             ,
             by
             
             many
             files
             ,
             few
             files
             ,
             or
             single
             files
             :
             And
             herein
             you
             are
             to
             call
             to
             minde
             (
             as
             I
             haue
             shewed
             in
             the
             Accidence
             )
             that
             as
             the
             Rankes
             of
             Horse
             are
             compounded
             of
             vncertaine
             Numbers
             ;
             so
             the
             file
             must
             euer
             be
             constantly
             sixe
             Deepe
             ,
             being
             compounded
             of
             a
             Leader
             ,
             a
             Follower
             ,
             two
             Middlemen
             ,
             a
             Follower
             ,
             
             and
             a
             
               Bringer
               vp
            
             or
             ,
             the
             
               Reare
               Man
            
             ,
             according
             to
             this
             demonstration
             .
          
           
             
               0
               Leader
               .
            
             
               1
               Follower
               .
            
             
               0
               
                 Middle
                 Man.
              
               
            
             
               0
               
                 Middle
                 Man.
              
               
            
             
               1
               Follower
               .
            
             
               0
               
                 Bringer
                 vp
              
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             the
             Contents
             and
             forme
             of
             a
             Horse
             file
             ,
             from
             which
             certainty
             ,
             and
             true
             knowne
             Ground
             ,
             euery
             skilfull
             Commander
             may
             builde
             vp
             any
             Bodie
             that
             he
             pleaseth
             ;
             whereas
             ,
             if
             both
             Ranke
             and
             Fyle
             should
             be
             incertaine
             ,
             and
             at
             pleasure
             ,
             there
             would
             then
             be
             no
             Ground
             for
             any
             thing
             ,
             but
             euerything
             would
             be
             confused
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             phantast
             quenesse
             of
             Opinion
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             haue
             therefore
             drawne
             your
             Horse
             Troop
             into
             Rankes
             and
             Files
             ,
             
             which
             you
             must
             doe
             file
             after
             file
             ,
             till
             euerie
             Man
             be
             placed
             according
             to
             the
             order
             ,
             &
             not
             according
             to
             the
             fashiō
             of
             our
             ignorant
             Commanders
             ,
             whom
             I
             haue
             heard
             (
             at
             the
             first
             gathering
             of
             a
             Bodie
             together
             )
             
             to
             command
             the
             Men
             to
             Ranke
             three
             ,
             fiue
             ,
             seuen
             ,
             or
             as
             fancie
             leades
             them
             ,
             for
             this
             is
             most
             absurde
             ,
             and
             vnproper
             ,
             because
             Rankes
             are
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             of
             vncertaine
             Number
             ;
             so
             that
             ranking
             at
             hap
             hazard
             ,
             it
             is
             almost
             impossible
             that
             the
             files
             should
             fall
             out
             euen
             ,
             whose
             Number
             must
             not
             be
             changed
             ;
             and
             so
             a
             new
             worke
             to
             begin
             ,
             which
             at
             the
             first
             might
             better
             haue
             bene
             finished
             .
          
           
             But
             to
             my
             purpose
             againe
             ;
             When
             you
             haue
             drawne
             vp
             the
             Bodie
             of
             the
             Horse
             in
             true
             Files
             and
             Rankes
             ,
             and
             hauing
             euerie
             Officers
             readie
             for
             his
             due
             Place
             ,
             as
             
               Captaine
               ,
               Liuetenant
               ,
               Cornet
               ,
               Trumpets
            
             and
             Corporalls
             :
             You
             shall
             then
             (
             according
             to
             the
             Figure
             or
             Example
             following
             in
             the
             next
             Page
             )
             Troope
             into
             the
             Field
             ,
             eyther
             for
             Seruice
             ,
             or
             other
             Exercise
             .
          
           
             
               A
               Troupe
               of
               an
               Hundred
               Horse
               ,
               Trouping
               into
               the
               Field
               ,
               with
               their
               Officers
            
          
           
             
               The
               Former
               Troope
               drawne
               vp
               into
               a
               firme
               body
               either
               for
               Seruice
               or
               Exercise
               with
               all
               the
               Officers
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             you
             haue
             seen
             the
             maner
             of
             Trooping
             into
             the
             Field
             ,
             with
             al
             the
             Officers
             of
             a
             priuat
             troop
             ,
             and
             how
             they
             are
             deuided
             into
             foure
             Deuisions
             .
             The
             first
             ,
             or
             head
             ,
             being
             lead
             by
             the
             Captaine
             ;
             the
             second
             Diuision
             by
             the
             Cornet
             ;
             the
             third
             ,
             by
             the
             eldest
             Corporall
             ;
             the
             fourth
             ,
             by
             the
             second
             
             Corporall
             ;
             the
             Reare
             or
             hindmost
             being
             brought
             vp
             by
             the
             Lieutenant
             ,
             the
             two
             yongest
             Corporalls
             are
             extrauagant
             ,
             and
             ride
             vp
             and
             downe
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             to
             see
             the
             whole
             Body
             keepe
             their
             true
             Order
             .
             The
             Trumpets
             (
             if
             their
             bee
             more
             then
             one
             )
             the
             Edest
             troopes
             vpon
             the
             Head
             next
             after
             the
             Captaine
             ,
             and
             the
             second
             troopeth
             in
             the
             Reare
             ,
             two
             Rankes
             before
             the
             Lieutenant
             ;
             if
             there
             bee
             three
             ,
             the
             third
             soundeth
             before
             the
             Cornet
             .
          
           
             Now
             for
             the
             drawing
             of
             this
             Troope
             into
             a
             firme
             Body
             ,
             for
             Seruice
             ,
             or
             Exercise
             ,
             the
             Captaine
             hauing
             found
             conuenient
             ground
             ,
             maketh
             a
             stand
             with
             his
             Deuision
             ;
             and
             the
             Cornet
             bringeth
             vp
             his
             Deuision
             ,
             on
             the
             left
             Hand
             the
             Captaines
             ,
             placing
             himselfe
             vpon
             the
             left
             File
             of
             his
             owne
             Deuision
             ;
             then
             the
             eldest
             Corporall
             bringeth
             vp
             his
             Deuision
             on
             the
             left
             hand
             the
             Cornet
             ,
             and
             as
             soone
             as
             they
             are
             ioyned
             ,
             hee
             departeth
             himselfe
             to
             the
             outside
             of
             the
             right
             Wing
             ,
             to
             see
             that
             true
             Order
             and
             Distance
             bee
             kept
             ;
             then
             the
             second
             Corporall
             bringeth
             vp
             his
             Deuision
             on
             the
             left
             Hand
             the
             eldest
             Corporalls
             ,
             and
             himselfe
             departeth
             to
             the
             outside
             of
             the
             left
             Wing
             ,
             to
             see
             that
             true
             Order
             and
             Distance
             be
             kept
             ;
             For
             now
             all
             Corporalls
             are
             extrauagant
             ;
             and
             all
             the
             Trumpets
             ascend
             to
             the
             head
             and
             Troope
             next
             behinde
             the
             Captaine
             ,
             and
             before
             the
             Cornet
             ;
             the
             eldest
             Trumpet
             taking
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             rest
             according
             to
             antiquitie
             .
          
           
             This
             Body
             ,
             or
             Square
             Battalia
             is
             of
             all
             other
             
             the
             best
             ,
             
             and
             most
             sure
             for
             all
             manner
             of
             Seruice
             ,
             and
             may
             the
             easiliest
             be
             reduced
             ,
             and
             brought
             to
             any
             other
             forme
             ,
             that
             Inuention
             can
             finde
             out
             ;
             and
             with
             this
             Body
             ,
             you
             may
             eyther
             Charge
             entirely
             and
             wholy
             at
             once
             ,
             or
             you
             may
             deuide
             it
             ,
             and
             Charge
             sundrie
             waies
             ,
             or
             else
             by
             drawing
             out
             two
             ,
             or
             three
             ,
             or
             more
             Fyles
             ,
             skirmish
             on
             euery
             side
             the
             Foote
             Battaile
             ,
             and
             put
             them
             to
             much
             anoyance
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             another
             forme
             of
             Imbattailing
             the
             Horse
             ,
             which
             is
             called
             the
             Horsemans-Wedge
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             drawne
             vp
             into
             the
             forme
             of
             this
             Figure
             ,
             or
             Example
             following
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Horsemans
               Wedge
               .
            
          
           
           
             This
             Wedge
             ,
             Charging
             poynt-wise
             vpon
             the
             Foote
             ,
             seeketh
             to
             disfeue
             :
             and
             breake
             the
             Front
             ,
             whereby
             ,
             getting
             an
             entrance
             ,
             they
             put
             all
             into
             Route
             and
             confusion
             ,
             which
             the
             Footemen
             perceiuing
             ,
             they
             haue
             no
             meanes
             of
             safety
             ,
             but
             eyther
             by
             maine
             strength
             to
             repulse
             them
             ,
             or
             else
             to
             deuide
             their
             Body
             in
             the
             midst
             into
             two
             parts
             ,
             and
             to
             giue
             the
             Horse
             a
             free
             and
             thorow
             passage
             ;
             which
             foote
             Battaile
             so
             deuided
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             
               Battalia
               Antistomus
            
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             an
             other
             Battalia
             of
             Horse
             ,
             which
             is
             called
             the
             Rhombe
             of
             Horse
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             proportioned
             according
             to
             this
             Figure
             ,
             and
             is
             of
             great
             vse
             ,
             hauing
             in
             euery
             corner
             a
             Leader
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Rhombe
               .
            
          
           
             This
             Horsmans
             Rhombe
             was
             first
             found
             out
             in
             Thessalia
             ,
             and
             thence
             brought
             in
             great
             practise
             ,
             through
             the
             benefite
             thereof
             ,
             being
             able
             to
             passe
             through
             ,
             and
             to
             peirce
             any
             Foote
             battaile
             whatsoeuer
             ;
             and
             is
             only
             to
             be
             opposed
             ,
             by
             that
             Foote
             
             Battalia
             which
             is
             called
             Menoides
             or
             Cressent
             ,
             and
             in
             forme
             of
             an
             Halfe
             Moone
             ,
             whose
             Winges
             being
             stretched
             out
             by
             the
             Leaders
             ,
             the
             middle
             part
             is
             imbowed
             ,
             and
             bent
             to
             inuyron
             and
             wrappe
             in
             the
             Horse
             Men
             as
             they
             Charge
             ,
             and
             so
             put
             them
             to
             Route
             and
             Disorder
             ,
             and
             therefore
             in
             this
             case
             are
             to
             keepe
             aloofe
             off
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             come
             in
             ,
             but
             to
             plye
             their
             Pistolls
             ,
             till
             they
             see
             the
             Foote
             Battaile
             stagger
             ,
             and
             fall
             into
             disorder
             :
          
           
             
               Another
               Rhombe
               of
               fiue
               Square
               .
            
          
           
           
             This
             Rhombe
             of
             fiue
             in
             Square
             ,
             doth
             not
             Ranke
             ,
             but
             onely
             Fileth
             ,
             and
             is
             of
             equall
             vse
             with
             the
             former
             Rhombe
             ,
             and
             is
             as
             necessarie
             for
             our
             Pistolers
             in
             these
             daies
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             in
             times
             past
             for
             the
             Crossebow
             Men
             ,
             and
             other
             Archers
             ,
             and
             
               Dart
               Casters
            
             on
             Horse
             backe
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             no
             Foote
             Battaile
             more
             excellent
             to
             oppose
             ,
             then
             as
             that
             which
             is
             called
             of
             the
             Auntient
             
               Epicampios
               ,
               Emprosthia
            
             ,
             which
             as
             the
             Halfe
             Moone
             carrieth
             a
             circular
             hollownesse
             ,
             so
             this
             carrieth
             a
             square
             hollownesse
             ,
             as
             you
             may
             see
             in
             this
             Figure
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Foote
               Battaile
               ,
               Epicampios
               .
            
          
           
           
             The
             end
             or
             purpose
             ,
             to
             which
             this
             foote
             Battaile
             is
             framed
             ,
             is
             to
             beguile
             and
             ouerreach
             the
             Pistoleirs
             ,
             eyther
             by
             inticing
             them
             into
             the
             voyd
             or
             emptic
             place
             of
             the
             Battalia
             ,
             as
             they
             Charge
             in
             furie
             ,
             and
             vpon
             the
             Spurre
             ,
             or
             else
             ,
             by
             disordering
             their
             Horses
             with
             their
             Winges
             ,
             and
             so
             driue
             them
             into
             an
             vtter
             confusion
             .
          
           
             This
             Battalia
             makes
             shew
             but
             of
             a
             small
             number
             ,
             because
             the
             Deuisions
             lie
             hid
             and
             couered
             ,
             and
             so
             much
             apter
             to
             be
             mistaken
             ;
             for
             ,
             the
             Winges
             which
             are
             the
             least
             number
             ,
             are
             only
             apparent
             to
             the
             eye
             ,
             the
             Bodie
             (
             which
             is
             three
             times
             more
             )
             is
             hardly
             discerned
             ;
             so
             that
             if
             the
             Winges
             preuaile
             ,
             the
             Conquest
             is
             sure
             ;
             if
             they
             faile
             ,
             they
             may
             easily
             retire
             into
             the
             maine
             Bodie
             ,
             and
             make
             a
             powerfull
             resistance
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             another
             Horse
             Battaile
             ,
             which
             is
             square
             in
             Figure
             ,
             but
             not
             in
             Horse
             ,
             being
             eleuen
             in
             Ranke
             ,
             and
             but
             sixe
             in
             file
             ,
             which
             is
             called
             of
             the
             Auntients
             a
             Tetragonall
             Horse
             Battaile
             ;
             this
             is
             a
             very
             strong
             Battaile
             ,
             as
             all
             square
             Battailes
             are
             ,
             and
             our
             Fore
             fathers
             did
             affect
             it
             much
             ,
             and
             we
             at
             this
             day
             finde
             it
             of
             great
             vse
             for
             our
             Pistoleirs
             ,
             both
             for
             the
             strength
             ,
             and
             the
             ready
             framing
             thereof
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             Battaile
             on
             foote
             to
             oppose
             it
             ,
             but
             that
             which
             is
             called
             Embolos
             ,
             or
             the
             Wedge
             of
             Foore
             ,
             which
             is
             framed
             of
             Foote
             Men
             ,
             as
             the
             former
             Wedge
             was
             made
             of
             Horse
             Men
             ,
             all
             the
             outsides
             consisting
             of
             Armed
             Pikes
             ,
             and
             the
             Lynings
             within
             of
             Shotte
             :
             Also
             the
             front
             of
             this
             Foote
             Wedge
             ,
             consisteth
             of
             three
             Armed
             Pikes
             ,
             as
             the
             Horse
             Wedge
             did
             consist
             of
             one
             single
             
             Armed
             Pistolier
             .
             Many
             other
             Motions
             and
             Imbattaylings
             of
             Horse
             there
             be
             ,
             but
             none
             more
             vsefull
             then
             these
             already
             expressed
             ;
             and
             he
             that
             is
             able
             to
             draw
             Horse
             and
             Man
             ,
             into
             these
             formes
             and
             figures
             all
             readie
             expressed
             ,
             may
             without
             any
             difficultie
             or
             amazement
             ,
             draw
             vp
             any
             other
             Battaile
             at
             the
             first
             sight
             ,
             be
             the
             Inuention
             neuer
             so
             deepe
             ,
             obscure
             ,
             and
             curious
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             4.
             
             Of
             the
             seuerall
             Ranges
             of
             the
             Foote
             ,
             and
             how
             they
             are
             Ordered
             ,
             and
             Compounded
             .
          
           
             GEnerally
             ,
             all
             Foote
             Battailes
             ,
             or
             Battailes
             of
             the
             Infantrie
             ,
             are
             Ranged
             into
             Rankes
             &
             Files
             ;
             now
             the
             Rankes
             are
             vncertaine
             ,
             therefore
             from
             them
             no
             true
             Ground
             can
             be
             taken
             ;
             but
             the
             Files
             are
             certaine
             ,
             therefore
             from
             them
             must
             arise
             the
             Ground
             of
             well
             Ranging
             of
             Battailes
             ,
             for
             these
             files
             are
             ordered
             into
             Bodies
             ,
             and
             those
             Bodies
             haue
             euery
             one
             a
             seuerall
             name
             ,
             or
             denomination
             ,
             by
             which
             the
             Auntients
             did
             distinguish
             them
             ;
             But
             we
             lesse
             curious
             ,
             and
             finding
             that
             playner
             Demonstrations
             ,
             and
             Names
             of
             lesse
             difficultie
             ,
             were
             sooner
             apprehended
             ,
             and
             conceiued
             of
             the
             Ignorant
             Souldiers
             ,
             haue
             neglected
             those
             hard
             and
             vnacquainted
             Names
             ,
             and
             haue
             reduced
             
             them
             to
             Termes
             of
             greater
             familiarity
             ,
             and
             much
             lesse
             trouble
             and
             vexation
             to
             the
             memory
             :
             Yet
             because
             I
             know
             that
             Noueltie
             is
             pleasing
             vnto
             many
             ;
             some
             ,
             desirous
             to
             know
             what
             they
             neuer
             intend
             to
             practise
             ;
             others
             ,
             willing
             to
             satisfie
             their
             mindes
             ,
             least
             Questions
             of
             this
             nature
             might
             be
             vnseasonably
             brought
             vpon
             them
             ;
             and
             others
             ,
             for
             Argument
             sake
             ,
             to
             fill
             vp
             Discourse
             ,
             with
             those
             Knowledges
             which
             they
             imagine
             are
             obscured
             to
             others
             :
             For
             these
             Reasons
             ,
             I
             thinke
             it
             not
             amisse
             ,
             to
             shew
             how
             the
             Auntients
             did
             Range
             their
             Battailes
             ,
             and
             what
             Names
             they
             gaue
             to
             their
             seuerall
             Numbers
             ;
             and
             then
             ,
             to
             shew
             our
             owne
             manner
             of
             Range
             ,
             and
             the
             easy
             apprehension
             thereof
             ,
             that
             being
             compared
             together
             ,
             Iudgement
             may
             soone
             finde
             out
             ,
             which
             is
             most
             auaileable
             .
          
           
             And
             heerein
             ,
             you
             must
             first
             vnderstand
             ,
             that
             the
             Auntients
             did
             range
             their
             Battailes
             into
             Files
             ,
             euery
             single
             file
             contayning
             in
             depth
             or
             number
             ,
             full
             sixteene
             Men
             ,
             and
             so
             called
             a
             File
             ;
             a
             Bodie
             compounded
             of
             two
             files
             ,
             they
             termed
             a
             Dilochie
             ,
             of
             two
             and
             thirty
             Men
             ,
             and
             the
             Leader
             ,
             or
             Captaine
             of
             those
             two
             and
             thirty
             Men
             ,
             was
             called
             Dilochita
             ;
             foure
             files
             ,
             contayning
             threescore
             and
             foure
             Men
             ,
             they
             called
             a
             Tetrarchy
             ,
             and
             the
             Captaine
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             Tetrarcha
             ;
             eight
             files
             ,
             a
             Taxis
             ,
             and
             the
             Captaine
             Taxiarcha
             ;
             then
             is
             sixteene
             files
             ,
             a
             Syntagma
             ,
             and
             the
             Captaine
             thereof
             Syntagmatarcha
             ,
             which
             indeed
             ,
             is
             that
             Man
             which
             we
             call
             a
             Captaine
             in
             Chiefe
             ,
             for
             euery
             Syntagmatarcha
             had
             vnder
             him
             ,
             fiue
             Inferior
             Commanders
             ,
             
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             a
             Reare
             Commander
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             a
             Liuetenant
             ,
             an
             Ensigne
             ,
             a
             Trumpeter
             ,
             which
             in
             our
             foote
             Companies
             is
             the
             Drumbe
             ,
             a
             Sergeant
             ,
             and
             a
             Cryer
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             a
             Corporall
             :
             Now
             two
             and
             thirty
             files
             (
             which
             is
             two
             Syntagmas
             )
             they
             call
             a
             Pentecosiarchy
             ,
             and
             contayneth
             fiue
             hundred
             and
             twelue
             Men
             ,
             which
             with
             vs
             is
             called
             a
             Colonie
             or
             Regiment
             ,
             and
             the
             Captaine
             thereof
             is
             called
             Pentecosiarcha
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             a
             Colonell
             ,
             now
             two
             of
             these
             Pentecosiarchies
             being
             a
             thousand
             and
             twenty
             foure
             Men
             ;
             and
             three
             score
             and
             foure
             files
             ,
             they
             call
             a
             Chiliarchy
             ,
             and
             the
             Captaine
             thereof
             Chiliarcha
             ,
             which
             indeed
             we
             call
             a
             Colonell
             Generall
             ;
             two
             Chiliarchies
             amounting
             to
             two
             thousand
             and
             forty
             eight
             Men
             ,
             they
             call
             a
             Merarchy
             ,
             being
             a
             hundred
             and
             twenty
             eight
             files
             ,
             and
             the
             Captaine
             Merarcha
             ,
             which
             is
             with
             vs
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
            
             Generall
             ;
             two
             Merarchies
             they
             call
             a
             Phalangarchy
             ,
             and
             the
             Captaine
             Phalangarcha
             ,
             which
             is
             as
             much
             as
             the
             Master
             of
             our
             Ordnance
             ;
             two
             Phalangarchyes
             they
             call
             a
             Diphalangarchy
             ,
             and
             the
             Captaine
             Diphalangarcha
             ,
             which
             is
             with
             vs
             as
             Liuetenant
             Generall
             ;
             and
             two
             Diphalangarchies
             make
             a
             foure
             fold
             Battaile
             of
             Phalange
             ,
             consisting
             of
             a
             thousand
             and
             twenty
             foure
             files
             ,
             and
             sixteene
             thousand
             three
             hundred
             and
             eighty
             foure
             Men
             ,
             whose
             Captaine
             is
             the
             King
             ,
             or
             his
             Generall
             .
          
           
             Thus
             you
             haue
             the
             Range
             of
             a
             Foote
             Battaile
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Custome
             of
             the
             Auncients
             ,
             from
             the
             first
             file
             (
             which
             is
             the
             lowest
             )
             to
             the
             full
             extent
             of
             a
             Maine
             Battaile
             .
             It
             now
             resteth
             that
             I
             
             shew
             you
             our
             Moderne
             or
             late
             manner
             of
             Range
             ,
             by
             which
             all
             our
             Battailes
             are
             Compounded
             ,
             Gouerned
             ,
             and
             Conducted
             ;
             and
             in
             this
             Discription
             ,
             I
             must
             varry
             much
             from
             the
             Auntients
             ,
             and
             begin
             a
             steppe
             lower
             in
             degree
             ;
             but
             two
             stepps
             (
             at
             least
             )
             lower
             in
             number
             .
             And
             here
             I
             must
             haue
             you
             first
             remember
             ,
             that
             as
             the
             Auntients
             began
             with
             whole
             files
             of
             16.
             in
             number
             ,
             so
             I
             must
             now
             begin
             with
             halfe
             files
             ,
             being
             but
             fiue
             in
             number
             ;
             for
             in
             this
             Range
             (
             of
             which
             now
             I
             write
             )
             no
             file
             must
             exceede
             the
             number
             of
             10.
             fiue
             then
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             Roote
             or
             beginning
             of
             this
             Range
             ,
             is
             called
             halfe
             a
             file
             ,
             or
             halfe
             a
             Decurio
             ,
             and
             the
             Leader
             or
             Captaine
             thereof
             is
             called
             Lanspesado
             ,
             or
             Middle
             Man
             ;
             Two
             halfe
             files
             make
             a
             whole
             file
             of
             ten
             ,
             and
             the
             Leader
             or
             Captaine
             thereof
             is
             called
             Decurio
             ,
             or
             the
             File
             Leader
             .
          
           
             Two
             whole
             files
             and
             a
             halfe
             ,
             which
             is
             25.
             
             Men
             ,
             we
             call
             a
             Squadron
             or
             Square
             of
             Men
             ,
             being
             fiue
             euery
             way
             ,
             and
             the
             Leader
             or
             Captaine
             thereof
             is
             called
             the
             Corporall
             :
             Two
             Squadrons
             ,
             being
             50.
             
             Men
             ,
             and
             fiue
             files
             ,
             is
             called
             a
             Sergeancie
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefe
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             is
             called
             a
             Sergeant
             .
          
           
             Two
             Sergeancies
             being
             100.
             
             Men
             ,
             and
             ten
             files
             ,
             is
             called
             a
             Centurie
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefe
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             Captaine
             ,
             which
             Captaine
             hath
             vnder
             him
             11.
             superordinary
             Men
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             a
             Liuetenant
             ,
             an
             Ensigne
             ,
             a
             Drumbe
             ,
             two
             Sergeants
             ,
             foure
             Corporalls
             ,
             a
             Surgion
             ,
             and
             a
             Clarke
             .
          
           
             Two
             Centuries
             and
             a
             halfe
             ,
             being
             200.
             
             Men
             ,
             and
             15.
             files
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             fourth
             part
             of
             a
             Regiment
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefe
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
            
             of
             a
             Regiment
             .
          
           
             Two
             fourth
             parts
             of
             a
             Regiment
             being
             500.
             
             Men
             ,
             and
             30.
             files
             ,
             is
             called
             halfe
             a
             Colonie
             or
             Regiment
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefe
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             
               Liuetenant
               Colonell
            
             .
          
           
             Two
             halfe
             Colonies
             ,
             being
             1000.
             
             Men
             ,
             is
             called
             a
             Colonie
             or
             Regiment
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefe
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             ,
             is
             called
             a
             Colonell
             ,
             which
             Colonell
             hath
             also
             vnder
             him
             in
             his
             Regiment
             (
             besides
             the
             Captaines
             and
             Officers
             before
             named
             )
             one
             that
             is
             called
             the
             
               Quarter
               Maister
            
             ,
             whose
             Range
             is
             inferior
             to
             euery
             Captaine
             ,
             but
             before
             euerie
             Liuetenant
             ,
             and
             the
             Officers
             that
             are
             vnder
             them
             ;
             As
             for
             the
             Range
             of
             the
             Captaines
             which
             are
             vnder
             these
             three
             greater
             Officers
             ,
             they
             shall
             take
             precedencie
             of
             Place
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             Antiquitie
             in
             Cōmand
             ,
             and
             the
             Eldest
             Captaines
             Collours
             shall
             Flie
             first
             ,
             the
             Second
             next
             ,
             and
             so
             of
             the
             rest
             ;
             and
             the
             
               Colonells
               Liuetenant
            
             shall
             take
             his
             Place
             as
             the
             Youngest
             Captaine
             of
             that
             Regiment
             .
          
           
             Two
             Colonies
             or
             Regiments
             ,
             is
             called
             a
             Bodie
             ,
             or
             full
             Battalia
             ,
             consisting
             of
             2000.
             
             Men
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefetaine
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             ,
             is
             called
             
               Colonell
               Generall
            
             .
          
           
             Two
             Battalias
             consisting
             of
             4000.
             
             Men
             ,
             is
             called
             a
             Double
             Battalia
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefe
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             is
             called
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
               Generall
            
             .
          
           
             Two
             double
             Battalias
             ,
             containing
             8000.
             
             Men
             ,
             is
             called
             a
             Vantguard
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefe
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             
               Lord
               Marshall
            
             ,
             Commanding
             the
             first
             third
             of
             the
             Battaile
             or
             Army
             .
          
           
             Two
             Vantguards
             being
             16000.
             
             Men
             ,
             is
             called
             
             the
             Reare
             ,
             and
             the
             Chiefe
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             is
             called
             the
             
               Liuetenant
               Generall
            
             .
          
           
             Two
             Reares
             being
             32000.
             
             Men
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             Maine
             Battaile
             ,
             and
             the
             Cheife
             or
             Leader
             thereof
             is
             called
             the
             King
             ,
             or
             Generall
             ,
             who
             hath
             also
             supreame
             Authoritie
             ouer
             all
             the
             whole
             Armie
             ,
             how
             great
             or
             puissant
             soeuer
             .
          
           
             Thus
             you
             haue
             seene
             the
             true
             Range
             of
             Footemen
             ,
             and
             their
             Leaders
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             Numbers
             :
             It
             now
             resteth
             ,
             that
             I
             shew
             you
             the
             true
             Range
             of
             their
             Weapons
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             Auntient
             Times
             the
             
               Light
               Armed
            
             (
             which
             were
             
               Bowmen
               ,
               Darters
            
             ,
             and
             Slingers
             )
             had
             the
             Vantguard
             ,
             and
             were
             the
             first
             beginners
             of
             Fight
             and
             Skyrmish
             ,
             for
             by
             their
             Darts
             and
             Arrowes
             ,
             they
             prouoked
             the
             Enemie
             to
             breake
             their
             Rankes
             ,
             and
             ouerthrew
             and
             killed
             many
             in
             their
             approaches
             ,
             they
             galled
             and
             repulsed
             the
             Horse
             much
             ,
             and
             indeede
             ,
             were
             euer
             the
             first
             Authors
             of
             Victorie
             ;
             and
             as
             thus
             they
             sometimes
             placed
             them
             in
             the
             Front
             ,
             so
             at
             other
             times
             ,
             they
             had
             their
             places
             in
             the
             Flankes
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             in
             the
             Reare
             ;
             But
             the
             generall
             and
             most
             certaine
             Range
             which
             they
             held
             ,
             was
             euer
             betwene
             the
             Armed
             Pikes
             :
             The
             first
             file
             of
             the
             Light
             Armed
             ,
             behinde
             the
             first
             file
             of
             the
             Armed
             ;
             the
             second
             file
             of
             the
             Light
             Armed
             ,
             behind
             the
             second
             file
             of
             the
             Armed
             ;
             and
             so
             consequently
             ,
             to
             leuie
             all
             the
             Armed
             Menne
             through
             the
             whole
             Batttalia
             ;
             yet
             the
             file
             of
             the
             Light
             Armed
             ,
             shall
             be
             but
             halfe
             the
             number
             of
             the
             Armed
             ;
             and
             these
             Battailes
             shall
             be
             drawne
             into
             diuers
             Deuisions
             .
          
           
           
             But
             this
             Range
             of
             Weapons
             agreeth
             not
             without
             Discipline
             at
             this
             day
             ,
             for
             our
             Battailes
             consisting
             only
             of
             armed
             Pikes
             ,
             Muskatiers
             ,
             and
             a
             fewe
             short
             weapons
             ,
             they
             are
             raunged
             in
             this
             manner
             ,
             when
             they
             march
             into
             the
             Field
             ,
             they
             march
             Company
             after
             Company
             single
             of
             themselues
             without
             any
             mixture
             :
             and
             in
             this
             march
             of
             single
             Companies
             ,
             the
             Muskatiers
             are
             deuided
             into
             two
             parts
             ;
             the
             one
             part
             hath
             the
             Vanguard
             ,
             the
             other
             hath
             the
             Reare
             ,
             and
             the
             Pikes
             march
             in
             the
             midst
             ;
             vpon
             the
             head
             whereof
             is
             the
             Ensigne
             ,
             and
             about
             it
             the
             short
             weapons
             ,
             as
             Halberd
             ,
             Partizans
             ,
             or
             the
             like
             ,
             (
             if
             the
             Company
             haue
             any
             )
             when
             they
             are
             come
             into
             the
             Field
             ,
             then
             is
             euery
             Regiment
             drawn
             vp
             into
             a
             Body
             by
             it selfe
             ,
             whereof
             all
             the
             Pikes
             are
             drawne
             into
             an
             entire
             body
             by
             themselues
             ,
             and
             the
             Shott
             deuided
             into
             two
             Bodies
             ,
             whereof
             one
             halfe
             Wingeth
             vp
             the
             right
             Hand
             of
             the
             Pikes
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             halfe
             wingeth
             vp
             the
             left
             hand
             of
             the
             Pikes
             .
             The
             Ensignes
             stand
             still
             on
             the
             head
             ,
             or
             within
             a
             Ranke
             ,
             and
             the
             short
             weapons
             of
             execution
             about
             them
             for
             guard
             .
          
           
             These
             Regiments
             are
             drawne
             into
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             pleasure
             of
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             ,
             or
             
               Serieant
               Maior
            
             Generall
             .
             The
             Horsemen
             are
             the
             Wings
             which
             troope
             on
             each
             side
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             keeping
             the
             distance
             of
             halfe
             a
             Furlong
             at
             least
             from
             either
             side
             of
             the
             Shot
             .
             The
             great
             Ordance
             ,
             or
             Artilery
             are
             drawne
             from
             the
             two
             outmost
             poynts
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             a
             pretty
             distance
             from
             the
             Vantguard
             ,
             and
             extend
             themselues
             wider
             and
             and
             wider
             frō
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             being
             drawe
             at
             length
             
             in
             a
             single
             File
             ,
             their
             Carriage
             ,
             prouision
             ,
             and
             Munision
             being
             drawn
             neere
             vnto
             them
             ,
             and
             the
             Regiment
             belonging
             to
             the
             
               Master
               of
               the
               Ordnance
            
             ,
             following
             closse
             about
             them
             as
             a
             sure
             Defence
             ,
             wall
             ,
             or
             guard
             .
             And
             thus
             you
             haue
             the
             full
             Range
             of
             the
             Foote
             Battaile
             ,
             and
             how
             it
             is
             disposed
             .
          
        
         
           
             CHAP.
             5.
             
             Of
             the
             seuerall
             Ranges
             of
             the
             Horse
             ,
             and
             how
             they
             are
             Ordered
             and
             Compounded
             .
          
           
             THe
             Horse-Troopes
             in
             the
             Ancient
             and
             first
             times
             had
             no
             one
             certaine
             Range
             ,
             or
             place
             in
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             but
             according
             to
             the
             humors
             and
             opinions
             of
             their
             Generals
             ,
             so
             they
             were
             altered
             and
             carried
             vp
             and
             downe
             to
             seueral
             places
             of
             Commandment
             .
             Aelian
             saith
             ,
             that
             in
             some
             Battailes
             within
             his
             own
             memorie
             and
             knowledge
             ,
             the
             Horse
             Troopes
             were
             Ranged
             after
             the
             light
             Armed
             ,
             yet
             doth
             not
             constantly
             stand
             vpon
             the
             allowance
             of
             that
             Range
             ;
             but
             saith
             ,
             that
             although
             they
             were
             ranged
             after
             the
             Light-armed
             ,
             yet
             other
             places
             might
             be
             more
             conuenient
             ,
             and
             this
             range
             might
             be
             altered
             at
             the
             pleasure
             of
             the
             General
             ,
             or
             vpon
             any
             necessary
             occasion
             ,
             where
             Victories
             stood
             doubtfull
             :
             others
             of
             the
             Ancients
             ,
             as
             at
             sometimes
             the
             Macedonians
             ,
             now
             and
             then
             the
             Romans
             ,
             but
             many
             times
             the
             Thebans
             &
             Thessalians
             haue
             ranged
             their
             Troops
             of
             Horse
             in
             the
             Reare
             of
             the
             armed
             Battailes
             ,
             and
             good
             successe
             hath
             many
             times
             issued
             thereof
             ,
             &
             the
             Rangers
             of
             such
             Battailes
             haue
             returned
             Victors
             :
             
             Others
             of
             the
             Auntients
             ,
             and
             especially
             Alexander
             himselfe
             ,
             Craterus
             ,
             and
             most
             of
             the
             worthiest
             Macedonians
             ,
             haue
             ranged
             their
             Horse
             Battailes
             vpon
             the
             right
             and
             left
             Winges
             of
             the
             maine
             Armie
             ;
             and
             indeed
             ,
             these
             Places
             are
             most
             probable
             and
             best
             agreeing
             with
             our
             present
             Discipline
             .
          
           
             To
             come
             then
             to
             the
             Range
             of
             the
             Horse
             Battaile
             ,
             as
             it
             is
             vsed
             at
             this
             day
             ,
             you
             must
             vnderstand
             ,
             that
             it
             varyeth
             foure
             seuerall
             waies
             ;
             two
             in
             the
             Range
             of
             the
             Curaseires
             ,
             two
             in
             the
             Range
             of
             the
             Harquebuseires
             or
             Dragoones
             .
          
           
             The
             Curaseires
             haue
             two
             seuerall
             Ranges
             ,
             the
             one
             in
             ordinary
             trooping
             ,
             the
             other
             in
             a
             formed
             Battaile
             .
          
           
             In
             an
             ordinary
             Troope
             where
             the
             whole
             Battaile
             mooueth
             ,
             the
             first
             day
             ,
             the
             Troope
             and
             Regiment
             belonging
             to
             the
             Generall
             ,
             troopeth
             formost
             ,
             and
             hath
             the
             leading
             of
             the
             Poynt
             ;
             After
             him
             ,
             troopeth
             the
             Troope
             and
             Regiment
             of
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             ;
             and
             after
             him
             ,
             euery
             Colonell
             ,
             and
             his
             Regiment
             ,
             according
             to
             his
             Antiquitie
             :
             The
             next
             day
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             ,
             and
             his
             Regiment
             ,
             hath
             the
             leading
             of
             the
             Poynt
             or
             Vauntguard
             ,
             and
             the
             Generall
             hath
             the
             Reare
             ;
             the
             Eldest
             Colonell
             succeedeth
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Colonells
             ,
             and
             their
             Regiments
             after
             him
             ,
             according
             to
             Antiquitie
             :
             The
             third
             day
             ,
             the
             Eldest
             Colonell
             hath
             the
             Poynt
             or
             Vantguard
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             hath
             the
             Reare
             after
             the
             Generall
             ;
             and
             thus
             alternately
             euery
             Colonell
             shall
             change
             his
             Place
             ,
             &
             haue
             the
             leading
             of
             the
             Poynt
             or
             Vauntguard
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             seuerall
             daies
             of
             trooping
             (
             there
             being
             no
             intermission
             or
             stay
             of
             many
             daies
             betweene
             the
             seuerall
             remooues
             :
             And
             as
             thus
             the
             Chiefe
             and
             Superior
             Cōmanders
             doe
             remooue
             and
             alter
             their
             
             Places
             ,
             so
             shall
             the
             Inferior
             Commanders
             of
             euerie
             Regiment
             doe
             the
             like
             ;
             the
             Colonell
             hauing
             the
             principall
             place
             the
             first
             day
             ,
             the
             
               Liuetenant
               Colonell
            
             the
             second
             day
             ,
             the
             
               Sergeant
               Maior
            
             the
             third
             day
             ;
             and
             so
             euery
             Captaine
             after
             ,
             according
             to
             his
             Antiquitie
             ;
             in
             which
             order
             ,
             no
             Commander
             looseth
             Dignitie
             ,
             but
             hath
             his
             seuerall
             day
             of
             Glory
             ,
             and
             as
             much
             preheminence
             as
             the
             Generall
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             Commander
             ,
             whatsoeuer
             .
          
           
             Now
             if
             it
             come
             to
             a
             formed
             Battaile
             ,
             then
             the
             Ranges
             change
             ,
             and
             the
             Regiments
             are
             drawne
             vp
             into
             one
             whole
             and
             entire
             Bodie
             ,
             in
             which
             drawing
             vp
             of
             Regiments
             ,
             this
             order
             is
             to
             be
             obserued
             ,
             that
             euery
             perticular
             Troope
             shall
             duely
             keepe
             their
             two
             distances
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             
               Open
               Order
            
             in
             their
             Rankes
             ,
             and
             
               Close
               Order
            
             in
             their
             Files
             ,
             then
             betwixt
             Company
             and
             Company
             ,
             in
             euery
             Regiment
             ,
             shall
             be
             the
             space
             of
             25.
             foote
             ,
             that
             thereby
             they
             may
             be
             the
             better
             distinguished
             ,
             and
             the
             sooner
             drawne
             foorth
             ,
             and
             imployed
             in
             any
             needefull
             place
             ,
             as
             the
             Superior
             Commanders
             shall
             thinke
             good
             .
          
           
             This
             Order
             and
             Distance
             being
             obserued
             ,
             Regiments
             are
             to
             be
             brought
             into
             maine
             Bodies
             ,
             eyther
             Square
             ,
             Long
             ,
             Tryangular
             ,
             or
             Dyamond
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             ground
             ,
             and
             the
             fashion
             of
             the
             Enemies
             Battaile
             ,
             for
             therein
             is
             the
             aduantage
             .
          
           
             Now
             for
             the
             true
             Range
             ,
             the
             Generall
             hath
             euer
             the
             Vauntguard
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             right
             Wing
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             hath
             the
             second
             Vauntguard
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             Poynt
             of
             the
             left
             Wing
             of
             the
             Battaile
             ;
             For
             here
             is
             to
             be
             vnderstood
             ,
             that
             when
             Battailes
             of
             Foote
             are
             drawne
             vp
             and
             formed
             ,
             then
             the
             Battaile
             of
             Horse
             is
             deuided
             ,
             and
             extended
             forth
             
             in
             length
             ,
             acording
             to
             the
             number
             of
             the
             Regiments
             ,
             which
             as
             Wings
             stretching
             themselues
             foorth
             from
             the
             two
             points
             of
             the
             right
             and
             left
             hand
             battaile
             of
             Foot
             ;
             are
             as
             a
             Wall
             or
             defense
             betwixt
             the
             Enemy
             &
             the
             Foot
             Army
             ,
             being
             to
             Charge
             vpon
             all
             aduantages
             ,
             to
             defend
             the
             Ordnance
             &
             great
             Artillerie
             when
             it
             shal
             be
             Assaulted
             or
             ingaged
             ;
             or
             otherwise
             to
             keep
             the
             Carriage
             ,
             Munition
             and
             baggage
             ,
             from
             the
             pillage
             of
             the
             Enemy
             ,
             or
             other
             defeiture
             .
          
           
             For
             the
             range
             of
             the
             Colonels
             they
             take
             their
             places
             according
             to
             Antiquity
             ;
             the
             eldest
             Colonell
             secondeth
             the
             Generall
             the
             third
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Martiall
             ,
             and
             so
             according
             to
             Antiquitie
             their
             Regiments
             doe
             troope
             ,
             either
             on
             the
             one
             or
             the
             other
             hand
             ,
             all
             things
             being
             ordered
             according
             to
             Dignitiy
             and
             Antiquity
             .
          
           
             Now
             whereas
             a
             question
             may
             be
             demanded
             touching
             the
             place
             of
             the
             Quartermaster
             ,
             were
             he
             shall
             range
             himselfe
             ;
             I
             thus
             resolue
             it
             .
             That
             if
             the
             Quarter-master
             ,
             who
             is
             a
             necessary
             dependant
             vpon
             euery
             Horse
             Regiment
             ,
             haue
             no
             troope
             of
             Horse
             ,
             as
             seldome
             or
             neuer
             they
             haue
             ,
             then
             his
             range
             or
             place
             is
             euer
             to
             troope
             with
             the
             
               Collonels
               Lieutenant
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Commissary
             or
             Prouost
             of
             euery
             Regiment
             with
             the
             
               Liuetenant
               Collonels
               Liueteuant
            
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             (
             at
             his
             pleasure
             )
             extrauagantly
             in
             any
             other
             inferior
             place
             of
             the
             Regiment
             .
          
           
             Againe
             ,
             here
             is
             to
             be
             noted
             in
             the
             generallitie
             of
             the
             Army
             where
             Horse
             and
             Foote
             are
             mixed
             together
             ,
             or
             whensoeuer
             they
             shall
             meet
             either
             in
             publicke
             Court
             or
             priuate
             Counsell
             ,
             that
             the
             Commander
             of
             Horse
             hath
             priority
             of
             place
             before
             the
             Commander
             of
             Foot.
             And
             howsoeuer
             some
             opinions
             would
             sway
             to
             the
             contrary
             ,
             preferring
             Number
             before
             Vertue
             ;
             yet
             it
             is
             most
             certaine
             ,
             that
             in
             all
             Courts
             of
             Warre
             ,
             the
             Horseman
             hath
             the
             first
             place
             ,
             a
             Collonell
             of
             500.
             
             Horse
             preceeding
             a
             Collonell
             of
             1000.
             
             Foot.
             A
             Captaine
             of
             100.
             
             Horse
             takes
             place
             before
             a
             Captaine
             of
             200.
             
             Foot
             ,
             &c.
             
             Antiquity
             in
             
             this
             place
             being
             no
             let
             ,
             but
             the
             Dignity
             carried
             according
             to
             the
             Honor
             of
             the
             Command
             ,
             &
             the
             Nobility
             of
             the
             number
             .
          
           
             Now
             next
             vnto
             these
             Curasheirs
             are
             the
             Harquebusheirs
             ,
             who
             at
             this
             day
             ,
             and
             in
             this
             present
             Discipline
             ,
             stand
             for
             the
             Light
             Horse
             ;
             these
             likewise
             haue
             two
             seuerall
             Ranges
             ,
             the
             one
             in
             their
             ordinary
             Trooping
             ;
             and
             the
             other
             ,
             when
             they
             come
             to
             be
             drawne
             vp
             into
             ordinary
             or
             extraordinary
             Bodies
             :
             For
             the
             ordinarie
             Trooping
             ,
             it
             is
             eyther
             when
             they
             Troope
             into
             the
             Fielde
             to
             receiue
             Directions
             ,
             or
             else
             troope
             forth
             as
             Vantcurreers
             and
             Dicouerers
             of
             all
             Impediments
             that
             may
             happen
             to
             the
             Army
             ,
             for
             these
             are
             they
             which
             Scower
             the
             Coast
             ,
             and
             preuent
             Ambuscadoes
             ,
             they
             make
             good
             Ryuers
             ,
             Bridges
             ,
             and
             all
             straight
             Passages
             ,
             and
             albe
             their
             trooping
             is
             loose
             and
             disbanded
             ,
             holding
             no
             strickt
             or
             curious
             forme
             ,
             eyther
             in
             Ranke
             or
             file
             ,
             nor
             any
             certainety
             in
             Pace
             or
             Motion
             ,
             but
             sometimes
             galloping
             ,
             sometimes
             trotting
             ,
             &
             sometimes
             standing
             still
             ,
             (
             as
             danger
             or
             discouerie
             shall
             giue
             way
             to
             their
             proceedings
             )
             yet
             doe
             they
             troope
             most
             commonly
             in
             Regiments
             ,
             the
             Vauntguard
             being
             led
             eyther
             by
             the
             Colonell
             himselfe
             ,
             or
             some
             other
             Officer
             in
             Chiefe
             ,
             who
             being
             better
             acquainted
             with
             the
             places
             they
             goe
             to
             discouer
             ,
             hath
             this
             Authority
             cast
             vpon
             him
             ,
             and
             Rangeth
             himselfe
             in
             the
             Front
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             greatest
             Place
             of
             eminence
             :
             As
             the
             Colonell
             or
             chiefe
             Officer
             thus
             taketh
             the
             First
             Place
             ,
             so
             the
             
               Liuetenant
               Colonell
            
             taketh
             the
             Second
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Captaines
             successiuely
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             antiquity
             :
             These
             are
             the
             ordinary
             Scoutes
             ,
             Watchmen
             ,
             and
             Sentinells
             ,
             and
             if
             it
             be
             in
             Campe
             ,
             their
             guard
             is
             euer
             without
             the
             Verge
             of
             the
             Campe
             ,
             and
             if
             it
             be
             in
             a
             Walled
             Towne
             ,
             Citty
             ,
             or
             Garrison
             ,
             their
             guard
             is
             without
             the
             walles
             of
             the
             Citty
             ,
             and
             their
             Quarter
             in
             the
             Suburbes
             ;
             there
             are
             Dependants
             on
             the
             Lord
             Marshall
             ,
             and
             take
             directions
             from
             his
             Commands
             ;
             and
             thus
             much
             for
             the
             Range
             of
             Horsemen
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
         
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A06967-e3160
           
             Motiues
             to
             the
             Worke.
             
          
           
             Motions
             vsed
             in
             the
             olde
             Warres
             .
          
           
             Diuers
             other
             Motions
             .
          
           
             The
             Authors
             plainenesse
             
          
           
             In
             what
             ,
             Motions
             consist
             .
          
           
             Of
             Distances
             .
          
           
             The
             Ancient
             and
             the
             Moderne
             Author
             reconcil'd
             .
          
           
             The
             ground
             of
             all
             Motions
             .
          
           
             The
             drawing
             of
             Grosses
             into
             order
             .
          
           
             Of
             single
             Files
             .
          
           
             Of
             closing
             and
             opening
             .
          
           
             The
             manner
             of
             performing
             the
             Motion
             .
          
           
             Aduancing
             of
             Files
             .
          
           
             Reducing
             thē
             to
             their
             first
             forme
             .
          
           
             Of
             Countermarching
             .
          
           
             The
             Lacedemonian
             countermarch
             .
          
           
             The
             Macedonian
             Countermarch
             .
          
           
             Doubling
             of
             Rankes
             .
          
           
             Halfe
             Files
             as
             they
             were
             .
          
           
             Bringers
             vp
             ,
             As
             they
             were
             .
          
           
             Of
             Wheeling
             .
          
           
             Casting
             Files
             .
          
           
             Of
             Opening
             and
             Cloasing
             .
          
           
             Files
             opened
             or
             closed
             by
             the
             Middle-men
             .
          
           
             Files
             opened
             ,
             or
             closed
             to
             any
             hand
             .
          
           
             Other
             Motions
             
          
           
             The
             vse
             of
             Horse
             Motions
             .
          
           
             An
             Horse
             File
             .
          
           
             Drawing
             vp
             of
             a
             Horse
             -
             Troope
             .
          
           
             The
             Benefite
             of
             the
             square
             Bodie
             .