Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 14 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56879 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 69 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 man 5 thing 4 thought 4 object 4 experience 4 Logic 4 Greek 3 truth 3 term 3 reason 3 proposition 3 idea 3 fact 3 Syllogism 3 Socrates 3 Mr. 3 CHAPTER 3 Aristotle 2 true 2 sense 2 reality 2 nature 2 mind 2 meaning 2 judgment 2 general 2 form 2 footnote 2 argument 2 Vol 2 Mill 2 Lotze 2 Kant 2 Inductive 2 Induction 2 Hegel 2 Bacon 1 world 1 understanding 1 substance 1 subject 1 situation 1 science 1 relation 1 purpose 1 process 1 problem 1 present 1 philosophy 1 opponent Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 2484 thing 1984 man 1865 thought 1805 term 1804 object 1759 fact 1736 idea 1439 truth 1333 case 1323 experience 1322 judgment 1268 proposition 1218 sense 1177 nature 1172 knowledge 1165 world 1115 form 1078 part 1074 process 1021 meaning 995 mind 984 science 970 way 958 word 938 matter 924 logic 912 subject 882 time 878 relation 862 question 825 name 805 conclusion 768 reason 753 reality 753 purpose 736 theory 708 existence 704 condition 695 quality 676 understanding 668 method 664 point 663 inference 659 class 651 something 634 situation 624 end 601 cause 596 conception 595 problem Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 10853 _ 921 | 504 C 491 Dewey 339 Logic 288 Aristotle 246 Socrates 231 Mr. 230 B. 224 Lotze 222 S 193 Mill 193 D. 190 Greek 188 Syllogism 180 . 165 Kant 161 y 160 Ibid 137 A 127 God 126 Vol 126 CHAPTER 117 Induction 111 pp 107 II 105 Major 99 Term 99 C. 96 Bacon 93 Euthydemus 92 Reasoning 92 Plato 92 M 90 \ 90 P. 90 IV 89 Inductive 89 Cakes 88 Middle 88 Hegel 86 cit 86 James 84 Op 83 Premiss 83 John 80 Dionysodorus 80 Bosanquet 79 ---|--- 78 Method Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 10947 it 6113 we 2881 he 2630 they 2405 i 1608 them 1568 you 1111 us 1028 itself 613 him 366 me 348 themselves 290 himself 262 one 119 ourselves 67 she 64 myself 38 yourself 24 her 16 yours 14 theirs 13 oneself 10 mine 9 ours 8 herself 6 his 5 y 4 thee 3 thyself 3 o 1 yourselves 1 xm 1 wh 1 thus-- 1 s 1 premisses''--you 1 paper-- 1 m="that 1 kn 1 interpretation:-- 1 indifferently--''if 1 hitherto 1 either-- 1 brutes,--that 1 ages''--they Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 43007 be 6894 have 2813 do 2107 say 1683 make 1422 know 1391 give 1212 take 1115 see 1035 call 1026 find 874 mean 859 think 702 follow 615 use 552 become 533 come 516 regard 484 exist 462 consider 460 understand 451 show 450 appear 443 go 420 apply 409 seem 409 define 395 bring 383 determine 370 involve 363 speak 351 get 347 prove 344 suppose 343 express 340 hold 336 admit 327 distinguish 317 state 313 form 312 assume 309 explain 308 require 298 present 295 put 289 deny 286 consist 281 contain 278 accord 273 let Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7945 not 2340 other 2235 only 1896 so 1765 more 1513 same 1268 general 1234 such 1124 true 1096 then 986 certain 930 first 930 as 874 thus 873 also 797 well 792 logical 784 now 767 own 756 particular 730 good 696 common 671 therefore 646 just 627 even 608 most 605 very 600 different 596 new 591 great 578 out 552 far 548 much 535 real 522 here 518 many 480 human 470 present 465 up 465 however 464 never 461 mere 460 possible 453 natural 451 merely 447 always 445 special 417 practical 412 still 395 universal Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 201 least 126 good 99 most 60 high 56 great 42 simple 28 Most 14 wise 12 full 11 manif 11 early 11 bad 10 small 9 wide 9 strong 8 slight 8 large 8 common 7 pure 7 near 6 noble 6 low 6 happy 6 easy 5 fit 5 clear 5 bare 4 narrow 4 long 3 true 3 tall 3 strange 3 short 3 old 3 mere 3 light 3 late 3 gross 3 fine 3 fair 3 deep 3 broad 3 bright 2 sublime 2 safe 2 ready 2 loud 2 e 2 crude 2 close Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 509 most 27 least 21 well 2 worst 2 farthest 1 oldest 1 neatest Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 www.gutenberg.org 2 archive.org Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/52945/52945-h/52945-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/52945/52945-h.zip 1 http://archive.org/details/reformedlogicsys00mclarich 1 http://archive.org Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54 _ is _ 25 men are not 24 men are mortal 16 things are not 14 _ is not 14 man is not 11 _ are _ 10 logic is not 9 _ known _ 9 cases are cases 8 men are fallible 8 thought is not 7 _ does _ 7 _ given _ 7 _ means _ 7 truth is not 6 ideas are not 6 man does not 6 man is more 6 nature is not 6 object is not 6 thing is not 5 _ do _ 5 _ find _ 5 _ know _ 5 experience is not 5 man is mortal 5 science is not 5 term is not 5 terms are not 4 _ determined _ 4 _ mean _ 4 _ meaning _ 4 case is not 4 ideas are merely 4 knowledge is power 4 knowledge is present 4 man is _ 4 matter is not 4 men are aryans 4 men are englishmen 4 men are unhappy 4 mind does not 4 nature is dependent 4 proposition is not 4 proposition is true 4 subject is not 4 term is subject 4 terms are so 4 thought is precisely Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 men are not happy 5 men are not mortal 4 _ is not _ 3 logic is not concerned 2 man is not matter 2 man is not more 2 mind does not only 2 process is not so 2 things are not only 1 _ are not _ 1 _ does not necessarily 1 _ is not necessarily 1 _ is not part 1 _ is not particular 1 _ is not strictly 1 _ is not symbolic 1 _ was no doubt 1 _ was not _ 1 case is not essentially 1 case is not sufficiently 1 cases are not cases 1 experience is no reason 1 experience is not accidental 1 experience is not essentially 1 experience is not worth 1 experiences are not anxiously 1 fact gives no excuse 1 fact has not yet 1 fact is no part 1 facts are not referable 1 form is not really 1 forms are not forms 1 idea applies not only 1 idea has no existence 1 idea is not indeed 1 ideas are no longer 1 ideas are not general 1 ideas are not material 1 ideas are not only 1 ideas are not simple 1 ideas is no doubt 1 judgment is no exception 1 judgment was not operative 1 judgments are not more 1 judgments are not mostly 1 judgments do not therefore 1 judgments is not as 1 knowledge are not relative 1 knowledge are not thus 1 knowledge did not as A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = 2412 author = Aristotle title = The Categories date = keywords = contrary; man; substance summary = both cases: for if a man should state in what sense each is an animal, quality, relation, place, time, position, state, action, or affection. sense those things are called substances within which, as species, the as a primary substance is; the words ''man'', ''animal'', are predicable of Yet species and genus do not merely indicate quality, like the term contrary of any primary substance, such as the individual man or that substances admit contrary qualities. be said to be capable of admitting contrary qualities. contrary qualities; for a substance admits within itself either disease will come about that the same subject can admit contrary qualities at though substance is capable of admitting contrary qualities, yet no one appear to be true in all cases that correlatives come into existence those things only are properly called relative in the case of which fact that the things which in virtue of these qualities are said to be id = 41838 author = Atkinson, William Walker title = The Art of Logical Thinking; Or, The Laws of Reasoning date = keywords = Deductive; Induction; Inductive; Jevons; Reasoning; Syllogism; concept; man; proposition; term summary = _general truths_ including _laws_ and _causes_, derived from particular Reasoning, or the inference of general truths from particular truths; and (2) Deductive Reasoning, or the inference of particular truths from _Inductive Reasoning_ proceeds by discovering a general truth from says: "The general truths from which we reason to particulars are classes all things having certain qualities or properties _in common_. analysis, and thus form a general idea or concept regarding the object. As we have seen, the general concept once having been formed, the mind proposition, let us proceed to consider the different kinds of terms, term_." In this form of reasoning _only one proposition is required for observations and facts regarding the process of Inductive Reasoning and which forms a part of the general subject of Deductive Reasoning. that great class of Reasoning known under the term--Deductive reasoning called ''Generalization.'' When _many things_ resemble each id = 4763 author = Carroll, Lewis title = The Game of Logic date = keywords = Cakes; Diagram; Universe; thing summary = Thus, in order to make good sense of the Proposition "some new Cakes the ''SUBJECT'' of the Proposition, and "nice (Cakes)" the ''PREDICATE''. compartment, they must have the double ''ATTRIBUTE'' "new and nice": knowing what Attributes belong to the Things in any compartment. As the Subject of our Proposition is to be "new Cakes", we are only by saying "Let us take a Universe of Cakes." (Sounds nice, doesn''t would mean "no x are y''," or, "no new Cakes are not-nice." Now let us take "NICE Cakes" as the Subject of Proposition: that nice''; and NOW you tell us that it means ''some NICE Cakes are NEW''! there are SOME Cakes in the oblong consisting of No. 11 and No. 12: so we place our red counter, as in the previous example, on what Attributes belong to the Things contained in each compartment. Let "things" be Universe; m="fat"; x="pigs"; id = 40665 author = Dewey, John title = Studies in Logical Theory date = keywords = Bosanquet; Greek; Logic; Lotze; Mr.; Royce; Vol; condition; content; experience; fact; idea; judgment; meaning; object; present; process; purpose; reality; sense; subject; thought summary = THOUGHT AND ITS SUBJECT-MATTER: THE GENERAL PROBLEM OF LOGICAL THEORY knows no two fixed worlds--reality on one side and mere subjective ideas This point of view makes it possible for logical theory to come to terms objective content, of reference and meaning to ideas, is unambiguous. categorized or disposed of as just ideas, meanings, thoughts, ways of given to the fragmentary meanings or ideas with which thought as it sets a question of the validity of the idea or meaning with which thought is The relations of thought to reality and of the elements of the judgment content of the idea succeeds in referring to the world of meanings, and fuller content in the objective world of meanings presented no problem, idea, the logical meaning] to the nature of the world, and, at the same judgments of value are in function and meaning objective, but also that id = 40794 author = Dewey, John title = Essays in Experimental Logic date = keywords = James; Lotze; Mr.; Russell; existence; experience; fact; idea; judgment; knowledge; matter; mean; meaning; object; problem; relation; sense; situation; term; thing; thought summary = logical determinations of brute fact, datum and meaning or ideal objects but means, instrumentalities, of knowledge: things by which we problem of how a subjective experience can beget objective knowledge. stimulus to that particular form of reflective thinking termed logical forms, and objectives of thought, apart from reference to particular experience to abstract thinking, from thought to fact, from things to of objective content, of reference and meaning to ideas, is states and events to ideas as logical _objects or contents_, that ideas, meanings, thoughts, ways of conceiving, comprehending, as meaning-of-datum, gets logical or intellectual or objective force; specifically different things in experience is the work of reflection, fact that the given subject-matter of thought is to be regarded wholly and terms of thought--judgment, concept, inference, subject, "thoughts," "meanings," and "facts," "existences," "the environment," same thing logically),[89] or the object of a practical judgment is id = 39964 author = Dietzgen, Joseph title = The Positive Outcome of Philosophy The Nature of Human Brain Work. Letters on Logic. date = keywords = God; Hegel; Kant; Letter; Socrates; cause; faculty; general; human; logic; mind; nature; object; philosophy; reason; science; thing; thought; true; truth; understanding; world summary = concepts the truth of which cannot be proved by reason, like the natural thought, in order to understand thus by the unit of human reason the philosophy can be a general and objective understanding, or "truth in nature of all concepts, of all understanding, all science, all thought understanding of the general method of thought processes to our special understand the nature of things, or their true essence, by means of Existence, or universal truth, is the general object, there arise quantities, general concepts, things, true perceptions, or Truth, like reason, consists in developing a general concept, the human being, of understanding the nature of things which is hidden nature of reason consists in generalizing sense perceptions, in natural universe is not a mere sum of all things, but truth and life. of logical reasoning to know that truth is the common nature of the id = 36801 author = Holyoake, George Jacob title = A Logic of Facts; Or, Every-day Reasoning date = keywords = Aristotle; Bacon; CHAPTER; Dr.; Logic; Lord; Mill; Mr.; argument; fact; man; nature; reason; thing; truth summary = great text-book of knowledge and the only weapon of truth, ''men''s minds, Logic has nothing to do with the truth of the facts, opinions, or to _pre-suppose_ the knowledge of facts and terms, the great instruments reasoning powers of man with experiments for the improvement of natural Logic is a general guide to the discovery of truth, and teaches us A fact is commonly called a truth, but this practice leads to great A fact is only an element in truth, A logical of an argument--a truth is the inference from the facts. a logical truth, a proposition which admits of demonstration. Observation** of nature is the only source of truth. we use respectively the terms observation, experiment, and induction, proper food of man, and cites facts to prove his assertion--reasons. * When we reason from a general law or principle, we are in truth id = 38141 author = Howard, Delton Thomas title = John Dewey''s logical theory date = keywords = Dewey; Green; Hegel; Ibid; Kant; Philosophy; Vol; experience; reality; thought summary = In his second article, on "Psychology as Philosophic Method," Dewey fact, Dewey says, results in such failures as are seen in Kant, Hegel, to establish self-consciousness as an experienced fact; and, Dewey In taking up the subject of the relation of psychology to logic, Dewey Dewey has in mind logic as a science of the forms of reality taken in the forms of experience, would represent logic of the type which Dewey There seems to exist, Dewey continues, "the idea that moral theory is Dewey presents here an instrumental theory of knowledge and concepts. identical terms the position taken in "Moral Theory and Practice." Dewey psychological theory, Dewey believes, tends to shut thought in to the Dewey''s psychology is linked up with his logical theory, as has already the first time, Dewey presents in complete form the logical theory which the psychology upon which Dewey''s logical theory is grounded: the id = 59590 author = Keynes, John Neville title = Studies and Exercises in Formal Logic date = keywords = MACMILLAN summary = id = 52945 author = McLachlan, D. B. title = Reformed Logic A System Based on Berkeley''s Philosophy with an Entirely New Method of Dialectic date = keywords = Caesar; Footnote; argument; case; category; conclusion; experience; form; general; idea; man; mind; object; reason; thing summary = analysis of objects--Examples of Judgment and Argument--Use Objects have a totally different sort of existence from minds, for General Ideas are formed by the coincident imprint of several objects The objects that contribute to form a general idea or Class are of general ideas formed by other minds. Matter is the name given to the most general idea we can form of general idea arising from the comparison of objects in consciousness. Since general ideas are products of our own mental energy, and matter objective reality of things: we merely decline to confound a general (particular or general), or objects and ideas, so as to form systems of logic, and brings the general idea to bear on concrete arguments. In a complicated object or general idea some of the judgments we treat a general idea of some class of objects; or of establishing a be a single object or general idea), and applied to the case. id = 31796 author = Minto, William title = Logic, Inductive and Deductive date = keywords = Aristotle; Bacon; Bain; CHAPTER; Canon; Figure; Greek; Induction; Inductive; Law; Logic; Major; Method; Middle; Mill; Minor; Premiss; Socrates; Syllogism; Universal; footnote; form; man; proposition summary = Propter Hoc._ (2) Meaning of Cause--Methods of Observation "class" in Logic are fixed by the common attributes. word may be used either way, but logically in any actual proposition use of general names in predication, their ground in thought and poet_ is a general name: it means certain qualities, and applies to The concern of Practical Logic is chiefly with forms of proposition that the same form of Common speech may cover different subjects and These propositions exemplify different ways in common speech of naming differences in a common character, the division is not a logical The meaning of Inference generally is a subject of dispute, and the conclusions and arguments of common speech to definite terms thus forms of argument in which two terms are reasoned together by means of in general propositions, are from the point of view of the observer, II.--MEANING OF "CAUSE".--METHODS OF OBSERVATION--MILL''S EXPERIMENTAL id = 1598 author = Plato title = Euthydemus date = keywords = CRITO; Ctesippus; Dionysodorus; Euthydemus; Socrates; cleinia; good summary = Crito, Cleinias, Euthydemus, Dionysodorus, Ctesippus. and then I said to Cleinias: Here are two wise men, Euthydemus and Certainly, Socrates, said Dionysodorus; our art will do both. Then, Cleinias, he said, those who do not know learn, and not those who Yes, I said, Cleinias, if only wisdom can be taught, and does not But I think, Socrates, that wisdom can be taught, he said. Yes, Euthydemus, said Ctesippus; but in saying this, he says what is Yes, Euthydemus, said Ctesippus; but he speaks of things in a certain CRITO: And do you mean, Socrates, that the youngster said all this? SOCRATES: And does the kingly art make men wise and good? Yes, I said, I know many things, but not anything of much importance. Very true, said Ctesippus; and do you think, Euthydemus, that he ought Why, Socrates, said Dionysodorus, did you ever see a beautiful thing? id = 10731 author = Schopenhauer, Arthur title = The Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer; the Art of Controversy date = keywords = Aristotle; Dialectic; Greek; Logic; art; footnote; interest; life; man; opponent; true; truth summary = wrong--_per fas et nefas_.[1] A man may be objectively in the right, other words, the art of attaining the appearance of truth, regardless the proposition alleged to be true, now gives way to the interests of makes no difference whatever to the objective truth of the matter. propositions that are not true, should your opponent refuse to admit but true for your opponent, and argue from the way in which he thinks, an objective and universally valid character; in that case my proof is beauty in a work of art, as it is its truth which produces the that the _idea_, and, consequently, the beauty of a work of art, exist feeling of the truth of the saying, that a man shows what he is by the For if a man is intelligent, he feels pain The man of intellect or genius, on the other hand, has more of the id = 6560 author = Stock, St. George William Joseph title = Deductive Logic date = keywords = CHAPTER; FIGURE; Fallacy; Greek; Mood; Rule; Syllogism; illustration; man; proposition; term summary = meaning of a common term, like ''man'' or ''horse,'' is not so obvious as subject-terms are names of things in or out of predication. attribute whiteness is a thing, the word ''whiteness'' is a term.], attributes, it follows that any term which is not the name of a thing The subject-term, ''man,'' and its corresponding attributive, propositions assumes a knowledge of the precise meaning of terms, that assumes the form of an E proposition, with a negative term for its into its contradictory term, the original meaning of the proposition When the middle term is predicate in the major premiss and subject in terms in three propositions, that is, 256 possible forms of syllogism. term is in this figure predicate both in the major premiss and in the and so to a simple proposition with a negative term for subject. proposition becomes either subject or predicate to one of the terms in