How far holinesse is the design of Christianity where the nature of holiness and morality is opened, and the doctrine of justification, imputation of sin and righteousness, &c. partly cleared, and vindicated from abuse : in certain propositions, returned to an unknown person, referring to Mr. Fowlers treatise on this subject / by Richard Baxter. Baxter, Richard, 1615-1691. 1671 Approx. 46 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 13 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2006-02 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A26938 Wing B1282 ESTC R6861 11894631 ocm 11894631 50545 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . 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Justification. 2005-07 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2005-09 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2005-12 Elspeth Healey Sampled and proofread 2005-12 Elspeth Healey Text and markup reviewed and edited 2006-01 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion HOW FAR HOLINESSE IS THE DESIGN OF CHRISTIANITY . Where the Nature of Holiness and Morality is opened , and the Doctrine of Justification , Imputation of Sin and Righteousness , &c. partly cleared , and Vindicated from Abuse . In certain Propositions , returned to an unknown Person , referring to Mr. Fowlers TREATISE on this SUBJECT . By RICHARD BAXTER . LONDON , Printed for NEVILL SIMONS , at the three Crowns at Holborn Conduit . 1671. Qu. Whether Holinesse be the only Design of Christianity ? SIR , THe Sum of your Letter is , [ That Mr. Fowler and many others of late , by crying up Holiness as the Only Design of Christianity , do 1. give us a description of such a Holiness as is but the meer morality of a Heathen , [ A sound complexion of soul , &c. ] 2. And that they greatly obscure or drown the whole Doctrine of our Justification , and Adoption , and of Christs Satisfaction and imputed Righteousness ; and make the Glory of this to be none of the Design of Christianity . 3. That , by this they tempt men , that can but imagine that Seneca , Antonine , Epictetus , Plutarck or Cicero do give as wise and wholsome Precepts of Virtue and good living as Christ , to think as highly of them as of Christ . 4. That hence they secretly reproach both the Imposers of Conformity , and the Non-conformists , and magnifie the stretching conscience of the Passive Latitudinarian Conformist as the only wise man that careth for none of these little things : And that they secretly undermine all Instituted Ordinances . 5. That because my Aphorisms and other Writings have had some hand in breeding such opinions , I am doubly guilty in being silent now they spread and prosper . ] This being the sum of your Complaint , I shall answer to all this in that manner as the nature of the thing requireth . In General , I must tell you , that I am responsible for no mans Writings but my own ; Neither shall you hereby tempt me to become an Aristarchus , and arrogant Censurer of other mens . This is all that I need to say of the Book you mention , that it is of very much worth and use , to call men more seriously to consider of the Design of mans Redemption , and of the nature of true Religion and Felicity : And though I will not defend every word in my own writings , much less in other mens , when I am not concerned , yet I may say that I had rather perswade the Licencious of this age to the careful reading of that Book , than turn it into matter of strife . But it is only my own judgment about the things in question which you can reasonably expect ; which I think the brevity requisite in a Letter directeth me to give you in certain self-evidencing coherent Propositions . Prop. 1. GOD is the Beginning , the Ruler and the End of all : Of him , and through him , and to him are all things . 2. The word [ Design ] doth signifie , sometime the act of Intention ; sometime the End intended . In the Question it must needs signifie the later , : Therefore instead of it I shall henceforth use that common word . 3. By the End of Christianity I doubt not is meant , 1. The End of God and our Redeemer in the framing and imposing Christianity on mankind . 2. The end which man is bound to intend in receiving and using Christianity . ( These two are called Finis operantis . ) 3. And the end to which the frame of the Christian Religion is adapted ( which is called Finis operis . ) 4. Holiness in Creatures , is their separation from common uses unto God : Omne sanctum Deo sanctum est . 5. Holiness in Rational free-agents , is such a separation to God , as is agreeable to their Natures . 6. Holiness is to be described with distinct respects . 1. To the subject , 2. To the object . And 1. s to the whole subject , 2. as to the distinct faculties . 7. Holiness in the whole subject is 1. Active , 2. Dispositive or Habitual . 3. Relative : or is In our Acts , Habits & Relations . 8. Active Holiness is our Active Dedication , devotion or adherence unto God , begun in our Conversion to him , and Christian Covenant with him , and exercised after in the practice of our lives . 9. Habitual Holiness , is that fixed Inclination or Disposition of the soul , by which it is fitted to perform the aforesaid Active adherence and devotion with strength , facility , and constancy . 10. Relative Holiness is the Relation of Man ( or Angel ) thus actively and dispositively devoted to God : which is particularly to be considered with the Object . 11. Besides the commoner Holiness of all Saints , there is also an Office-Holiness of Magistrates ( though some deny it ) and of Christs Ministers : which containeth their Active Dedication to their proper work , their Dispositive Aptitude for it , and their Relation to God in it . And accordingly the anointing to such office , and the giving of the Holy Ghost for its performance , signifie somewhat else than the common sanctification of all Saints . As the work to which they are anointed is more . 12. Holiness in respect of the distinct faculties is , 1. In the vital and executive Power ( for such a distinct faculty there is ) and then it is called Spiritual Quickning , Life , and Strength . 2. In the Understanding , where it is called Spiritual Illumination or Light , ( Knowledge and faith . ) 3. In the will , where it is called , Spiritual Love , and Holiness in an eminent narrower sense . 13. Holiness is not to be described or understood without its proper Object , which doth essentially Constitute it . It s no true description which omitteth it . 14. The Object of Holiness , Primary , Immediate and proper is GOD himself . The secondary and remoter Object , is the Impressions , Image or Glory of God in his works . 15. GOD is the object and terminus of our Holiness , as in his Divine Per●ections , so in his three grand Relations , as he is our Efficient , Dirigen● and Finial Cause ; And in his three great Relations to his Intellectual Creatures , as he is our Owner our Ruler , and our Lover or Benefactor , All comprized in the word [ Father : ] And this on the Fundamental Relation and work , of his being our Creator , Redeemer and Sanctifier . 16. Our Holiness therefore is our answerable threefold Relation to God , that we be , sui , subditi , amatores , his Own , his Subjects and his Lovers ; All comprehended in the word [ Children ] that we be peculiarly the children of God. 17. From all this the true description of Holiness is obvious and sure , viz. that it is the Active Habitual and consequently relative , Separation , Dedication , & Devotion , of Intellectual free-agents , by Life , Light and Love , to God our Father as his Children ; or to God our Absolute Owner , Ruler and Benefactor , our Creator , Redeemer and Sanctifier , as his own peculiars , his Subjects and his Lovers . 18. Though every one that is Holy hath not this distinct and orderly conception of the nature of Holiness , yet every one that is Holy , hath really all this in himself . And its pity that so useful a part of knowledge as is that of the pourtraicture of the new Creature , or the Image of God on man , should not be found in all that have the thing . Though it is to be no more wondred at , than that Men who have Intellects , and Wills , and Vital Power , are so much perplexed with difficulties and disputes about the nature of them , as the greatest Philosophers are . 19. The secondary Objects of our Holiness ( Active and dispositive , ) being Gods Image and Appearance in all his works , it is this that is often called [ His Glory , ] that is , as his Glory is made mans object and his end ; even the glorious communication , and reflections , and appearance of God in his perfections , on our selves and on all his works ( and not only the praise that we give him for them , by our thoughts or words .. ) 20. As more or less of God is found in any thing or person , so we are more or less to Love and Honour them , because we do it for God appearing in them . 21. There are not only different degrees therefore , but also different sorts of Love and Honour due to different Things and Persons , as God hath communicated different gifts to them . ( As Virtue , Office , Magistracy , Ministry , Parentage , &c. ) 22. When any of these is Loved and Honoured truly for Gods Image or Glory appearing in them , it is ultimately GOD himself that is Loved and Honoured in and through them : And so even this Love of God appearing in his Creatures ( animate or inanimate , intellectual , or his Word and Ordinances ) is a Holy Love ; when as the Love of all the same things , on another account , and not as God is glorious and beloved in them , is but a common and unholy Love. 23. Accordingly it is a real secondary part of our Holiness , to Love our neighbour as our selves , for that of God which equally appeareth in him ; and to do justly unto all , and to Love our selves on the same account , and to keep our selves in temperance , chastity , sobriety , &c. And so the duties of the second Table , are a secondary Holiness , as they are chained to the first , by the relation that the Creature hath to God , and as God is the Beginning and End in all ; that is , 1. As all things are of Him ; And as he is the Maker and Owner of us and them . 2. As all things are Through Him , and as he is the Ruler of Man , and commandeth him this duty . 3. As all things are To Him ; and as he is the End of us and all things ; and thus all things are said to be sanctified to Believers . 24. So also when Parents , Magistrates and Pastors , are Loved , Honoured and Obeyed in their pure subordination to God , ( viz. 1. As they have their Power and Office from God. 2. And as this is commanded us by God. 3. And as they Honour God , and as our duty honoureth or glorifieth Him , and as he is pleased in it ) this also is a secondary Part of our Holiness : But when they are honoured and obeyed , meerly for fear , or for our own ends , or on any humane account , not subordinate and referred as a means to the glory and pleasing of God , it is a common and unholy Honour and Obedience . 25. As all mankind are falln by him , from God to themselves and other Creatures , so Holiness is their contrary adherence to God upon their return . And so when we say all the world is distinguished into two sorts , the Unholy and the Holy , or the Ungodly and the Godly , we mean that one part adhere to carnal self and creatures as serviceable to carnal self , and the other part are converted from self to God , and use the Creatures as a means to God , as he is their End. 26. The word Morality is made ambiguous by the loose and various use of men , not used to any accurateness of speech : But the first , famous and most notable acception of the word , is to signifie all Virtue and Vice , or conformity and disconformity to the ruling Will or Law of God ; as Ethicks or Morals as distinct from Physicks , and other Sciences . And in this usual sense , All things commanded by God are directly , and all things forbidden , reductively , the parts of Morality : That is all Moral Good and Evil : and so faith in Christ is a great part of our true Morality . And they that will needs take the word in any narrower private sense , prepare for quarrels ; and are obliged to explain themselves , before they censure others or dispute about an ambiguous word . 27. The sum of Holiness and Morality ( which is all one ) is , the Love of God as God ( including absolute Resignation and Subjection , ) and the Love of man and all things for God appearing in them , and served by them . 28. If either Heathens or wicked nominal Christians do take Holiness or Morality to be only the Love of our selves , and our neighbours , and a disposition of mind , and course of life , in which we live orderly , justly and charitably to all , and soberly to our own minds and bodies , and all this only for the maintaining of the temporal prosperity of our selves and others , or for the meriting of a prosperity in the life to come ; not at all referring all this to GOD , as the Beginning , the Guide and the ultimate End of all ; It is but Analogically called either Holiness or Morality , and not in a proper or univocal sense ; because the End is left out which must give being to all true Holiness and Morality . ( Of which see my Agreement with Dr. Barlow in my small Tractate of saving Faith. ) 29. The meaning of those Divines of my acquaintance , that speak against preaching meer morality , is indeed against these that preach no morality , but the Ethicks or analogical Morality of Atheists , who leave out the End ; or else a Piece of Morality , which we call the Natural part , leaving out Christianity as if that were no part of Holiness or Morality : or treat lightly and loosly of it , as if it were a ceremony or thing indifferent , as needless if not troublesome to the world , as their things called Indifferent are . And what Christian can excuse that sort of preaching . 30. As elsewhere I have often said , we must carefully distinguish between the Primitive or Primary and Natural part of Holiness ; which is GODLINESSE or our LOVE to God as such ; and the mediate remedying , subservient Part , which is Faith in Christ , or Christianity as such . The first is as our Health , the second as our Medicine . 31. This distinction is it which is intended by the Apostles , when they so often tell us , that we are sanctified or receive the spirit of holiness , by believing in Christ ; Faith kindling Love , and Love kindled by Faith , being the two parts , and whole of our Religion . 32. Gods only End in this and all his works , ( so far as he may be said to intend an end ) is ultimately Himself ( for he can have no other ultimate end . ) 33. When we say GOD is his own End , we mean not that his Essence or Existence , is his End ( for of that there cannot be a means : ) But formally it is the fulfilling and complacency of his Will. For his Will is the Beginning and End of all things caused by him . 34. Materially Gods highest end ( or the summary of all means ) in order to this complacency of his will , which is the formal ultimate End , is his Glory ; that is , The foresaid glorious impress or appearance of himself communicated to his Creatures , and found in his works . And this is not only the Image or Glory of his Holiness , ( though that be the most eminent part ) but also of his Omnipotence and Omniscience : ( unless any will take the the word [ Holiness ] in God so largely as to comprehend all his perfections . ) 35. And here his Glory resplendent in the universe ( as comprehending Christ and the whole Creation ) being the Total , comprehending all the parts , must needs have the preheminence before each part . 36. And among the Parts the Glory of God shining forth in the whole heavenly Society ( Christ , Angels and Men ) must needs have the preheminence . 37. And if you come down to Individuals , his Glory shining in the Person of Christ is greater ( and so nearest to the ultimate end ) than his Glory in Angels or Men : because Christ in his created nature is the Best and Highest of Gods works ; And therefore as God is more glorified in the Sun , than in a Star , so is he more glorified in Christ , than in any Man or Angel. 38. Gods Wisdom , Love and Power , were wonderfully glorious in the person of Christ , and in all his works performed for our Redemption , when he was on Earth ; much more in his Person and Intercession in the Heavens . 39. And as to the Effects of Redemption upon Man , the Glory of Gods Wisdom , Love , and Holiness , Justice and Mercy , do shine forth wonderfully in our Union with Christ , and Membership of his Political Body , in our free Pardon and Justification , Reconciliation and Adoption , through the Sacrifice , Merit , and Intercession of Christ , and not in our Sanctification only . 40. The same I may say of all Gods mercies , which as immediate demonstrations of his Goodness do glorifie him ; and also of his judgments now , and of the great and glorious final judgment , in which Gods Wisdom and Goodness , Truth , Justice and Mercy will be immediately glorified , and not only as the judgment maketh man Holy , nor only as it declareth us to be so . 41. The Holiness of God is wonderfully glorified in that he will have no immediate Communion with any soul that is defiled with the smallest sin ; But after they have once sinned , and till they are perfected , be they never so sincerely Holy , their whole Communion with him ( as to receiving from him , and Returning to him ) must be only by a Mediator that hath no sin . All mercy must be given by him , ( ev●n the spirit it self ) and all our sacrifices and duty offered to God by him . Only the sinless can have immediate Communion with God , at least as to moral Communication ( For of Physical I will not here dispute . ) 42. The Wisdome , and Goodness of God are wonderfully glorified , in providing this incomprehensible way of our Redemption , that by it Justice and Holiness may be as fully glorified , the Truth of God vindicated , the Honour and Authority of the Law and Lawgiver preserved , and sin disgraced and confounded , by the Sacrifice , Merit and Intercession of Christ , as if all sinners themselves had been condemned . ( All which and much more Mr. Truman in his Great Propitiation hath fullier opened , than I can now stay to do , and therefore to him I must refer you . ) 43. In this Aptitude of it to attain these ends of God our Ruler and Benefactor , better than mans damnation could have done , consisteth the satisfactoriness and meritoriousness of the Death or Sacrifice of Christ , and not in the Identity in kind , or in the equal proportion of the Degree of Christs sufferings , as compared with that which man deserved . 44. By all this it is evident , that our Personal Holiness is not the only end ( or design ) of God in mans Redemption , nor in instituting the Christian Religion . But if God must be said to have no End , which is also a means , ( but only the ultimate End , the complacency of his blessed will , which is no means , but all are means to it ) then our Holiness is none of Gods end , but one means to it . But if the means themselves , as the end of lower means , may be called Gods End , after the manner of imperfect man , than our Holiness is one of his inferior ends , among many others ; It being one Part of that universal frame , in which conjoyned his Glory most appeareth , in which his blessed will taketh complacency . 45. And all this being so evident to all that receive the Christian faith , when this Learned worthy Man , and such others , do say that Holiness is the only Design of the Promises , &c. you mud not interpret them too severely , nor suppose them to speak properly or accurately ; but [ only ] is an hyperbolical expression , ( as many use the word Infinite as an attribute of created things , instead of Great , ) Doubtless he intended it not as exclusive of all other ends ( either of God or Man , ) And the mode of the age having turned accurate School-language , into figurative and such as Rhetoricians use , may teach you to expect some such , even in the severest sort of Writers . 46. But though it be not true that our Holiness is the only End or design of the Promises , or of Christianity , it is true that it is the end of all our Christianity , that is one of its very great and noble ends . 47. The same Graces or Gifts of God to man do usually circularly promote each other , and so each is as to other , both an end and means in several instances and respects . See what I have said in my Treatise of the Life of Faith , to the question , Whether the Precept be for the Promise , or the Promise for the Precept ? Whether the Reward be the end of Obedience , or Obedience the end of the Reward ? pag. 237. 48. When we say that Holiness is the end of Christianity or faith in Christ , we take Holiness narrowly for that Primary and most immediate part of Holiness , which is our Resignation , Subjection and Love to God as God ; And not so largely as to include our faith in Christ it self . And we take not Christianity for the whole Christian Religion , but for the remedying part , or faith in Christ as such . Otherwise we could but say that the remedying part of our Religion or Holiness , is the means to the Primary part which is its end . When we understand each other , let us not needlesly quarrel about words . 49. If any say too much in making our Holiness Gods only End , it ill beseemeth those to be their censurers , who haue tempted them to it , by erring more on the contrary extream . And it is not to be denyed or hid , that more than downright Antinomians , have so ill expounded the points of Christs suretiship , and of the Imputation of our sin to him , and of the Imputation of his Righteousness to us , as hath proved the great occasion of some mens running into the contrary errour ; yea , and as would exclude all pardon of sin , and all true Religion , had their notions been practically and prevalently held . But their opinions are confuted by so many ( Olevian , Ursine , Piscator , Paraeus , Wendeline , Camero , and many other Forreigners ; and by Wotton , Gataker , and others at home ; and plainliest in Mr. Trumans foresaid Treatise , Mr. Bradshaw of Justif . and Mr. Hotchkis of Pardon , and Le Blank in his Theses ) that I will not here stay to deal with those Points . And it is not an easie or a common thing , for men that write against any dangerous errour and extream , to keep up large impartial thoughts , and see the danger on the contrary side ; For mans mind is limitted and narrow , and cannot think with equal seriousness and clearness of many things at once . And the wisest man alive , when he is earnestly pleading against any errour , is in great danger of forgetting what is on the other side the way , and of thinking so eagerly what to say against the opinion he opposeth , as to forget both what may be said for it , and what worse his own arguings may infer . 50. Nothing is more sure in Christianity , than that Christ came into the world to seek and to save that which was lost ; and to bring home straying prodigals to God , and to destroy the works of the Flesh and Devil ; and to bring man back to the love and obedience of his Maker , and to cure him of his worldly love . And so that Holiness or the love of God , is the end of our Redemption , and our Faith. 51. It is most certainly that he is the best man that hath the least need of pardon of sin , that is , that is most Holy and least sinful ; And that all men must rather desire to be kept from sin , ( and pardoned when they do sin ) then to sin and then be pardoned : nor may we desire Pardon alone , if we could have it . So that we are pardoned what is past , that Love may make us sin so no more ; and Justification is an antecedent means to our fuller Holiness and obedience to God ( which I have largely opened in my Confession of faith . ) 52. It is certain that Justification and Sanctification go on hand in hand together ( of which see Mr. George Hopkins , Salvation from sin ; ) And that it is a notorious errour of such as say that Justification is perfect as soon as it begins ( though it be true that all sin is then forgiven . ) 53. And it is certain that Sanctification as it is the work of God , is an executive part , or one part of the executive pardon of our sins ; Because it is the taking off of a very great penalty , which is the privation of the spirit of grace . 54. Nothing is more injurious to Christ than to feign that he is a patron of sin , or came to excuse men by free justification from obedience to their Creators law of nature , or to make sin less odious to mankind : seeing he dyed to redeem us from all iniquity , and to purifie to himself a peculiar people zealous of good works . 55. And it is an intollerable blasphemy against God , to imagine that Christ came to make the Divine nature more friendly or reconcileable to sin , or to love complacencially an ungodly person as if he were godly , as being such by the imputation of Christs righteousness to him , and to repute any man to be what he is not ; to take a wicked man for a Saint , because that Christ was holy for him : what ever malicious Papists say , the Protestants abhor such doctrine . 56. And as far are we from believing that Christ was a sinner , or that God ever supposed him to be a sinner , or hated or punished him as a sinner : or that ever our sin did really become his sin , or that God reputed it so to have been . For no false judgment can belong to God. 57. But we believe that Christ dyed for our sins , as a sacrifice , ransome , propitiation , attonement . And that his own voluntary sponsion and his Fathers will were his obligation ; and that our sins were the occasion , and the evil to be done away ; And that ( for the holy ends forementioned ) he suffered for our sakes and in our stead , such a kind and measure of suffering , as was fit to attain the ends of our Creator , better than our damnation could have done . And thus far our sins may be said to be imputed to him , in that he dyed for them ; Though properly he undertook the punishment only ; but never the sin it self : His nature and holy will abhorring such an undertaking . The Reatus facti , or Reatus culpae were never upon Christ ; nor the primary proper Reatus ad poenam ; but only an improper assumed Reatus ad poenam , or obligation to punishment for our sins . Nor can an Accident remove from one subject to another , but its removing is its perishing . 58. And though we believe not that God doth judge us to have done all the righteousness that Christ did , nor to have possessed the same individual Righteousness as Christ had ( for God never erreth ) nor accounteth us as Righteous as Christ himself ; nor yet useth us in all respects as he would have done , if we had been as righteous as Christ himself ; nor do we think it a thing possible that the same individual righteousness that was in Christ ( being an accident ) can be in it self and really given to us , and made ours ; Yet do we believe that his Habitual perfection , with his Active Righteousness and his Sacrifice or Sufferings , all set together , and advanced in value , by their conjunction with his Divine Righteousness , were the true meritorious procuring cause of our pardon , Justification , Adoption , Sanctification and Salvation . Not one part imputed to this effect , and another to that ; but all thus making up one meritorious cause of all these effects ; even of the Covenant and all its benefits . And thus Christs Righteousness is imputed and given to us ; not immediately in it self , but in the effects and fruits : As a Ransome is said to be given to a Captive , because it is given for him ; though strictly the Ransome is given to another , and only the fruits of it to him . 59. Those ignorant , self conceited contentious teachers , that seek the reputation of Orthodox zeal in the things which they never understood , and instead of clear apprehending sound Scripture-doctrine , and plain expounding it to the Church , do take on trust and for company , false or insignificant confounding notions , and proudly make them the instruments of their furious censures and revilings , and of dividing the Church by raising slanders against those that presume to be wiser than they ; and so by backbiting tell their hearers , how erroneous and dangerous this and that mans doctrine is , because they never had the wisdom , study and patience to understand it ; such I say are the men that in all ages have been the firebrands in the Church , and zealously promoted Christs Kingdom by dividing it , and will hardly ever have peace here themselves , nor endure their brethrens or the Churches peace . 60. It is not possible for God to hate a holy soul , that loveth him as God , and beareth his holy Image . 61. Yet is his Holiness no satisfaction to Gods Justice , for the sins of his unholy state , or for his imperfections . 62. If you ask , what then would God have done with one thus converted , if he had no Saviour , to ransom him from Justice for his sin ? I answer ; it is a supposition that is not to be put ; Because no man is converted and sanctified that hath not a Saviour , and the Pardon of his sins , For none but Christ could first Merit , and then Give , the Spirit of sanctification which we had lost ; and so without Christ and his Spirit we should have been equally unsanctified and unpardoned . 63. It is vain therefore to dream that Cicero or Seneca , Augustine or Chrysostom , Luther or Calvin , are as much Saviours as Christ , so far as their doctrine maketh men holy : For neither Philosophers nor Divines preach any good doctrine , but what Christ as the Mediator and Light of the world , did some way or other communicate to them : so that their doctrine that is good , is not their own but his , ( even theirs that know him not . ) It is not they but He , that merited all grace , and that preserved the sinning world from being used as it deserved , and that ascending up on high gave gifts ( both common and special ) unto men . Their light is as the Moons derived from the Sun ; Which of them but Christ , hath purchased and given a Covenant of Grace to the condemned world ? And which of them but Christ , sends forth with their doctrine , a Quickening , Illuminating and sanctifying Spirit , to overcome the Devil , the World and the Flesh ? 64. While all sober Divines thus plead for Holiness , and censure one anothers doctrines as unholy and countenancing sin , it plainly sheweth that they are very much at unity in the main ; but that they have not the skil to word and methodize their notions rightly , and to make all fall right with the ends and main matter which they are agreed in . And when we hear men accuse each other of unholy , and sinful opinions and practices , though we must hate the ignorance , pride and uncharitableness which is in it , yet it is a comfort to us , to hear and read that they all agree to cry down sin in the general and to disgrace it ; and that they all bear so conjunct a testimony for the excellency and necessity of Holiness ; what hope is there then that if we could set all our tacklings together , and see truths fall right in their several places , we might unite our force against the Kingdom of the Devil , and ungodliness ; and might give over destroying Holiness by crying down the things we understand not as unholy ; and might be healed of that antique phrensie , which maketh so many Divines and other Christians , by ill managing their zeal for holiness , to divide the Churches , and hinder the Gospel , and be the instruments of Satan , to keep and cast down Holiness in the world . 65. Those Churches especially that lament the lapse of Discipline , and the confounding of the Holy and prophane ; and those that are constituted by unwarrantable scrutinies after the Holiness of Members , beyond the test that was appointed by Christ , should not dishonour themselves , nor bring their doctrine or persons in●o suspition , by being the hasty censurers and condemners of such Writings , as drive harder for the promoting of Holiness than themselves . 66. There is so clear a tendency in all Gods instituted Ordinances to further Holiness , that he knoweth not what he talketh of , who slighteth them , on pretence of natural Evidences and Helps to the same end : seeing natural and supernatural evidences and helps , are so far from being opposite , that they are both necessary , and do in admirable suitableness and harmony concur . 67. He knoweth not the hurtful miscarriages of our times , who knoweth not what the mistaken notions about free grace , have done against free grace it self ; and how the Gospel hath been supplanted , by an erroneous crying up the Gospel , and crying down the Law ; and how Justification hath been abused , by mens seeming to extol it , and sanctification injured by such pretexts : And he that with one eye looks on that disease and its effects , and with the other looks on the Book you tell me of , and such like , will quickly see what Sore this Plaster was provided for , and how much excellent matter there is in it , which the foresaid persons and diseases need . 68. And as to your mention of my former writings , and my interest in the business questioned ; I shall say but this , 1. That either you have read my former Writings , or you have not ; If not , I will not write more to satisfie you , who read not what is already written : For why should I think that you will rather read the later than the former ? If you have read them , ( especially my Confession , my Disputations of Justification , and my Life of Faith , ) either they satisfie you or not : If they do , you need no more ; If not , I cannot satisfie you . The question is whether it be truth and clearly opened which is there written ? If it be , I will not avoid it , lest men abuse it ; nor will I hope to write that which none shall misunderstand , or turn to an occasion of some extream . 2. And these few pages tell you my sense ; the same which I have formerly published : If wrong , confute it : If right , my former writings , fullier opening the same things are so far right . 3. And my Life of Faith is so late and large in opening the same points ( where I have named no less than fifty eight errours on the Antinomian side and their fautors in the point of Justification and Imputation ) that me thinks you should not so quickly call for more . 69. And as to Mr. Fowlers Consectaries ; ch . 20.22 , 23. what would you wish more accommodate to an honest concord ( which is our strength and beauty ) and to the healing of deforming and destroying divisions , than the practising of the motion , that our union be placed in things necessary to Holiness ▪ And whereas you think our Church-controversies concerned , I know not your own mind , because I know not you ; But as for my self , you are not I hope so unreasonable as to expect that I plead the cause of the Imposers of Conformity ; And as for the Non-conformists , I think they have no dislike to his rule , ch . 23. how far we may comply with Rulers or Customs , but highly approve it : whether they are in the right or the wrong , I suppose you will not allow me to be judge : But you cannot sure be ignorant that they are so far from taking the things for indifferent which they refuse , that they think it would make them guilty , should they do them , of sins so many and so very great , and for peace and the reverence of Superiors , I will not now so much as name . And they take nothing to be more suitable to their principles about such things than Mr. Fowlers doctrine . 70. To conclude , undoubtedly Holiness is the life and beauty of the soul ; The spirit of Holiness is Christs Agent to do his work in us , and our pledge and earnest and first fruit of Heaven : It is Christs work , and subordinately ours , to cleanse us from all filthiness of flesh and spirit , perfecting Holiness in the fear of God. Christ , the Spirit , the Word , the Ministry , Mercies , afflictions , and all things are to bring home , our hearts to God , and to work together for our good , by making us partakers of his Holiness . Our Holiness is our love of God who is most Holy : And our love of God , and Reception of his love ▪ is our Heaven and everlasting Happiness ; where having no more sin to be forgiven , but being presented without spot or wrinkle unto God , we shall for ever both magnifie the Lamb that hath redeemed us , and washed us from all our sins in his blood , and made us Kings and Priests to God , and also shall with all the holy Society , sing Holy , Holy , Holy to the blessed Jehovah , who is , and was , and is to come ; to whom all the Heavenly Host shall give this special part of praise for ever . And as all real Saints desire nothing more than holy Hearts and Holy Lives , Holy M●gistrates and Holy Pastors , Holy Churches and a Holy State , Holy Doctrine , Holy Worship , and Holy Discipline , and that all the People may indeed be Holy ; that true Reformation may make all the Churches of the world more Holy , and their Holiness may win home the Infidels and Idolaters to a Holy conformity to them , and that the Kingdoms of the world may become all the Kingdoms of God and of his Christ ; so all those Hypocrites that place their Holiness in Superstition , & vain singularities in a Love-killing proud dividing zeal ; in bittern●ss against those that are wiser and better than themselves , in making things to be sins ▪ & duties which God never made so , in new opinions , for which they think highly of themselves , and contemptuously of those that are not of their mind ; in dead imagery and cold formalities , or hurtful pomp , in names , and words , and shews , and sidings ; in reproaching , silencing , and cruel handling , all that dislike their carnal interest and way ; and wil not sell their innocency and salvation to humour them in their pride , & comply with all their interests and conceits , That think their Places , their Parties , their high professions , do make those sins to be small & tolerable in them , which God abhorreth in all others ; All these counterfeits , Images or carkasses of Holiness , are but the powerful cheats of the unholy ; and the portion of Hypocrites & Unbelievers shall be the same , ( though not perhaps in the same degree . ) Aug. 24. ( the fatal day ) 1671. What Happiness is ? Augustin . de Morib . Eccles . cap. 3. Fol. 1. pag. 320. Beatus , quantum e 〈…〉 o , neque ille dici potest qui non habet quod amat , qualecunque●●● ; neque qui habet quod amat si noxium sit ; neque qui non amat , quod habet etiamsi optimum sit ; Nam & qui appetit quod adipisci non potest , cruciatur , & qui adeptus est quod appetendum non est , fallitur ; & qui non appetit quod adipiscendum esset , aegrotat : ( He might have added , Et qui non habet quod amet ; quia neque objectum habet beatificans nec actum ) Quartum restat — ubi beata vita inveniri queat cum id quod est Hominis optimum ( viz. Deus ) & amatur & habetur . I take not him to be Blessed , who hath not that which he loveth , whatsoever it be ; nor him that hath what he loveth , if it be hurtful ; nor him that loveth not that which he hath , though it be the Best ; For he that desireth that which he cannot get is tormented ; And he that getteth that which is not Desirable , is deceived ; And he that desireth not that which should be gotten , is sick . It remaineth therefore fourthly , that a truly Blessed Life consisteth in this , when that which is Best for a Man is both loved and enjoyed ( which he proveth at large to be God alone . ) What Holiness or Virtue is ? Id ▪ ib. cap. 15. Quod si Virtus ad Beatam Vitam nos ducit , nihil omnino esse virtuiem affirmav●rim , nisi summum Amorem Dei — & sic definire quatuor virtutes non dubitem ; ut Temperantia sit Amor integrum se prebens ei quod amatur : Justitia , Amor soli amato serviens , & propterea recte dominans ; Prudentia , Amor est , ea quibus adjuvatur ab eis quibus impeditur sagaciter seligens . That is , [ But if Virtue be the way to a Blessed life , I will affirm that Virtue is nothing else , but the chiefest Love of God — And I make no doubt thus to define the four Virtues , Temperance is Love , delivering our selves intirely to our Beloved ; Fortitude is Love , easil●●nduring all things for the sake of our Beloved ; Justice is Love , serving our Beloved alone , and therefore rightly governing our inferiors ; Prudence is Love , skilfully differencing our helps from our hinderances . ] Holiness not Fanatically proud or aspiring . Id. ib. cap. 12. Fit Deo similis quantum datum est , dum illustrandum illi atque illuminandum se subjicit : Et si maximè ei propinquat subjectione istâ quâ similis fit longe ab eo fiat necesse est audaciâ , quâ vult esse similior . That is , A man is made like to God , in that degree that is granted him , when he subjects himself to him , to be illustrated and illuminated by him : And let him come never so near Him by this subjection , to whom he is made like , it must needs be that the Arrogancy , of desiring to be liker to him ( than is meet ) will be far from him . FINIS .