subject-incas-gutenberg

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-06-06 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader gutenberg process, and the input was the result of a query applied to a local mirror of Project Gutenberg -- facet_subject:"Incas". Then, for future reference, the results were saved to a Zip file complete with rudimentary bibliographics. The name of the file is input-file.zip. The Zip file was then unpacked and the contents saved to a cache as well as a directory of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 10 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 637,378 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 79,672 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 84. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

one, will, us, harry, now, inca, two, time, well, see, great, made, know, go, way, must, feet, first, came, back, found, think, come, may, place, say, little, like, might, cuzco, long, get, shall, much, side, take, man, many, good, three, dias, even, water, away, nothing, make, another, without, cyril, right

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The Treasure of the Incas: A Story of Adventure in Peru, Real Gold: A Story of Adventure, and Inca Land: Explorations in the Highlands of Peru.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

john manning, inca yupanqui, tupac inca, le mire, machu picchu, de moche, huayna ccapac, manco ccapac, let us, piqui chaqui, will take, tupac yupanqui, titu cusi, inca rocca, one side, go back, pachacuti inca, will go, yma sumac, either side, uillac uma, hundred feet, first time, young man, hundred yards, de la, two years, cried perry, cusi coyllur, don francisco, cried cyril, tupac amaru, next morning, chalco chima, good deal, villac vmu, great deal, high priest, hundred years, three hundred, five minutes, long time, two hundred, senora de, come back, ccapac yupanqui, south america, last night, feet wide, place called

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Real Gold: A Story of Adventure History of the Incas, and Inca Land: Explorations in the Highlands of Peru.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

peru, inca, mr., manco, indians, harry, cuzco, yupanqui, tupac, time, sun, peruvian, norton, incas, cusi, xaxaguana, whitney, water, wall, vmu, viracocha, villac, vilcabamba, viceroy, valley, urubamba, umu, uma, uiticos, uilcapampa, turn, tucker, titu, tiahuana, tampu, sumac, stand, spear, spanish, spaniards, sir, sinchi, senorita, senora, rumi, rocca, professor, prendergast, picchu, philip

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be said, and Harry Escombe: A Tale of Adventure in Peru is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

1. said - Under the Andes
2. inca - Inca Land: Explorations in the Highlands of Peru
3. inca - History of the Incas

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

1. said, harry, time - The Treasure of the Incas: A Story of Adventure in Peru
2. inca, ruins, feet - Inca Land: Explorations in the Highlands of Peru
3. inca, cuzco, yupanqui - History of the Incas
4. harry, desiree, feet - Under the Andes
5. kennedy, whitney, lockwood - Gold of the Gods

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, way, feet, place, man, side, water, nothing, day, one, men, colonel, people, father, hand, eyes, mules, head, sir, night, stone, gold, thing, valley, something, end, anything, work, face, moment, years, part, others, rock, wall, room, days, son, life, morning, hour, fire, minutes, hands, country, house, course, name, things, mountains

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

was, had, is, be, have, were, been, are, said, do, did, see, made, go, know, has, came, found, think, come, say, get, take, being, make, went, ''s, saw, called, am, find, going, seemed, took, seen, left, let, got, turned, heard, tell, felt, done, thought, give, gave, brought, having, told, asked

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

harry, _, inca, cuzco, dias, cyril, kennedy, perry, incas, indians, yupanqui, bertie, desiree, ccapac, whitney, peru, tupac, lord, norton, lockwood, mr., escombe, de, manco, manning, john, sun, señor, pachacuti, craig, josÃ, don, spaniards, maria, cusi, indian, ©, thou, inez, arima, butler, le, huascar, mire, viracocha, lima, atahualpa, mendoza, huanacocha, senora

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

i, it, he, we, they, his, you, them, my, their, him, me, us, her, our, she, your, its, himself, myself, themselves, one, ourselves, itself, thy, yourself, thee, herself, ''em, ''s, mine, yours, ours, hers, thyself, i''m, em, theirs, yourselves, ha, you''re, you.--here, ye, whereof, she''ll, satisfactory.--now, remember--, paused--"who, oneself, now.--what

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, great, little, more, many, good, first, few, long, last, same, old, such, own, much, large, able, young, small, possible, next, sure, several, better, right, ready, certain, white, best, least, high, new, ancient, short, black, heavy, second, necessary, full, only, likely, deep, low, most, dark, impossible, open, narrow, hard, difficult

not, so, then, up, n''t, now, out, down, very, here, as, there, only, back, well, more, again, even, away, still, too, just, on, once, most, far, off, never, all, also, soon, quite, much, in, almost, over, enough, ever, about, first, together, long, suddenly, perhaps, forward, however, always, certainly, nearly, finally

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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