King Richard the Third revived. Containing a memorable petition and declaration contrived by himself and his instruments, whiles Protector, in the name of the three estates of England, to importune and perswade him to accept of the kingship, and crown of England, by their joynt election, (as if he were unwilling to undertake, or accept, though he most ambitiously aspired after them, by the bloudy murthers of K. Henry 6. Edward 5. and sundry others) before his coronation; presented afterwards to, and confirmed by the three estates and himself, in his first Parliament, to give him a colourable title both by inheritance, and their election to the crown. Transcribed out of the Parliament roll of 1.R.3. (printed in Speeds History of Great Britain: where his other additionall policies to engage the City of London, lawyers, divines and people, to elect, and make him their king, are at large recorded.)
         Prynne, William, 1600-1669.
      
       
         This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A91202 of text R203357 in the  English Short Title Catalog (Thomason E896_5* E903_9). Textual changes  and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more  computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life.  The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with  MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish.  This text has not been fully proofread 
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         EarlyPrint Project
         Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO
         2017
         A91202
         Wing P3990
         Thomason E896_5*
         Thomason E903_9
         ESTC R203357
         99863331
         99863331
         168426
         
           
            This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
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         Early English books online.
      
       
         (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A91202)
         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 168426)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Thomason Tracts ; 135:E896[5*] or 136:E903[9])
      
       
         
           
             King Richard the Third revived. Containing a memorable petition and declaration contrived by himself and his instruments, whiles Protector, in the name of the three estates of England, to importune and perswade him to accept of the kingship, and crown of England, by their joynt election, (as if he were unwilling to undertake, or accept, though he most ambitiously aspired after them, by the bloudy murthers of K. Henry 6. Edward 5. and sundry others) before his coronation; presented afterwards to, and confirmed by the three estates and himself, in his first Parliament, to give him a colourable title both by inheritance, and their election to the crown. Transcribed out of the Parliament roll of 1.R.3. (printed in Speeds History of Great Britain: where his other additionall policies to engage the City of London, lawyers, divines and people, to elect, and make him their king, are at large recorded.)
             Prynne, William, 1600-1669.
          
           [2], 9, [1] p.
           
             Printed for William Leak, at the Crown in Fleetstreet, betwixt the two Temple-gates.,
             London, :
             1657.
          
           
             Attributed to William Prynne.
             Annotation on Thomason copy E.903[9]: "March 1st"; the 7 in imprint date has been crossed out and date altered to 1656.
             Reproductions of the originals in the British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Richard -- III, -- King of England, 1452-1485.
           Cromwell, Oliver, 1599-1658 -- Early works to 1800.
           Great Britain -- History -- Edward IV, 1461-1483 -- Early works to 1800.
           Great Britain -- Kings and rulers -- Succession -- Early works to 1800.
           Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1649-1660 -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
       A91202  R203357  (Thomason E896_5* E903_9).  civilwar no King Richard the Third revived.:  Containing a memorable petition and declaration contrived by himself and his instruments, whiles Protector Prynne, William 1657    4190 5 0 0 0 0 0 12 C  The  rate of 12 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the C category of texts with between 10 and 35 defects per 10,000 words. 
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           KING
           Richard
           the
           Third
           REVIVED
           .
           Containing
           A
           Memorable
           Petition
           and
           Declaration
           contrived
           by
           himself
           and
           his
           Instruments
           ,
           whiles
           
             Protector
             ,
          
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           three
           Estates
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           to
           importune
           and
           perswade
           him
           to
           accept
           of
           the
           Kingship
           ,
           and
           Crown
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           by
           their
           joynt
           Election
           ,
           (
           as
           if
           he
           were
           unwilling
           to
           undertake
           ,
           or
           accept
           ,
           though
           he
           most
           ambitiously
           aspired
           after
           them
           ,
           by
           the
           bloudy
           murthers
           of
           K.
           
             Henry
             6.
             
             Edward
          
           5.
           and
           sundry
           others
           )
           before
           his
           Coronation
           ;
           presented
           afterwards
           to
           ,
           and
           confirmed
           by
           the
           three
           Estates
           and
           himself
           ,
           in
           his
           first
           Parliament
           ,
           to
           give
           him
           a
           colourable
           Title
           both
           by
           
             Inheritance
             ,
          
           and
           
             their
             Election
          
           to
           the
           Crown
           .
           Transcribed
           out
           of
           the
           Parliament
           Roll
           of
           1.
           R.
           3.
           (
           printed
           in
           
             Speeds
          
           History
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
             :
          
           where
           his
           other
           Additionall
           Policies
           to
           engage
           the
           City
           of
           
             London
             ,
          
           Lawyers
           ,
           Divines
           and
           People
           ,
           to
           elect
           ,
           and
           
             make
             him
             their
             King
             ,
          
           are
           at
           large
           recorded
           .
           )
        
         
           Eccles.
           3.
           15.
           
        
         
           That
           which
           hath
           been
           ,
           is
           now
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           is
           to
           be
           ,
           hath
           already
           been
           :
           and
           God
           requireth
           that
           which
           is
           driven
           away
           .
        
         
           1
           Sam.
           12.
           17
           ,
           19.
           
        
         
           The
           Lord
           shall
           send
           thunder
           and
           rain
           ,
           that
           ye
           may
           perceive
           and
           see
           ,
           that
           your
           wickednesse
           is
           great
           which
           ye
           have
           done
           in
           the
           sight
           of
           the
           Lord
           ,
           in
           asking
           you
           a
           King
           .
           And
           all
           the
           people
           said
           unto
           Samuel
           ,
           Pray
           for
           thy
           servants
           unto
           the
           Lord
           thy
           God
           ,
           that
           we
           die
           not
           ;
           for
           we
           have
           added
           unto
           all
           our
           sins
           ,
           this
           evil
           ,
           to
           ask
           us
           a
           King
           .
        
         
           
             LONDON
             ,
          
           Printed
           for
           
             William
             Leak
             ,
          
           at
           the
           Crown
           in
           
             Fleetstreet
             ,
          
           betwixt
           the
           two
           Temple-Gates
           .
           1657.
           
        
      
    
     
       
       
       
         
           In
           Rotulo
           Parliamenti
           tenti
           apud
           Westm.
           die
           Veneris
           vicessimo
           tertio
           die
           Januarii
           ,
           Anno
           regni
           Regis
           Richardi
           Tertii
           primo
           ,
           inter
           alia
           continentur
           ut
           sequitur
           .
        
         
           Memorand
           .
           quod
           quaedam
           Billa
           exhibita
           fuit
           coram
           Domino
           Rege
           in
           Parliamento
           praedicto
           in
           haec
           verba
           .
        
         
           WHereas
           late
           heretofore
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           before
           the
           Consecration
           ,
           Coronation
           ,
           and
           Inthronization
           of
           our
           Soveraign
           Lord
           King
           
             Richard
          
           the
           
             Third
             ,
          
           a
           roll
           of
           Parchment
           containing
           in
           writing
           certain
           
             Articles
          
           of
           the
           tenor
           underwriten
           ,
           on
           the
           behalf
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           three
           Estates
           of
           this
           Realm
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           of
           the
           Lords
           Spiritual
           ,
           and
           Temporal
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Commons
           by
           name
           ,
           and
           divers
           Lords
           Spiritual
           and
           Temporal
           ,
           and
           other
           Nobles
           and
           notable
           persons
           of
           the
           Commons
           in
           great
           multitude
           ,
           was
           presented
           &
           actually
           delivered
           unto
           our
           said
           Soveraign
           Lord
           ,
           the
           intent
           and
           effect
           expressed
           at
           large
           in
           the
           same
           roll
           ,
           to
           the
           which
           roll
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Considerations
           ,
           and
           instant
           petition
           comprized
           in
           the
           same
           ,
           our
           said
           Soveraign
           Lord
           for
           the
           publique
           weal
           ,
           and
           tranquility
           of
           this
           Land
           being
           duly
           assented
           .
        
         
         
           
             Now
          
           for
           as
           much
           as
           neither
           the
           said
           three
           Estates
           ,
           neither
           the
           said
           persons
           ,
           
           which
           in
           their
           name
           presented
           ,
           and
           delivered
           as
           it
           is
           aforesaid
           the
           said
           Roll
           unto
           our
           said
           Soveraign
           Lord
           the
           King
           ,
           were
           assembled
           in
           
             form
             of
             Parliament
             ,
          
           by
           reason
           whereof
           divers
           doubts
           ,
           questions
           ,
           and
           ambiguities
           been
           moved
           and
           ingendred
           in
           the
           minds
           of
           divers
           persons
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           said
           .
        
         
           Therefore
           ,
           to
           the
           perpetual
           memory
           of
           the
           truth
           ,
           and
           declaration
           of
           the
           same
           ,
           be
           it
           ordained
           ,
           provided
           ,
           and
           established
           in
           this
           present
           Parliament
           ,
           that
           the
           Tenor
           of
           the
           said
           Roll
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           Contents
           of
           the
           same
           ,
           presented
           as
           is
           abovesaid
           ,
           and
           delivered
           to
           our
           abovesaid
           Soveraign
           Lord
           the
           King
           ,
           in
           the
           name
           ,
           
             and
             in
             the
             behalf
             of
             the
             said
             three
             Estates
             out
             of
             Parliament
             ;
             Now
             by
             the
             said
          
           
             *
          
           
             three
             Estates
             assembled
             in
             this
             present
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             by
             authority
             of
             the
             same
             ,
             be
             ratified
             ,
             enrolled
             ,
             recorded
             ,
             approved
             ,
             and
             authorized
             to
             the
             removing
             of
             the
             occasions
             of
             doubts
             ,
             and
             ambiguities
             ,
             and
             to
             all
             other
             lawfull
             effects
          
           that
           shall
           now
           thereof
           ensue
           ,
           so
           that
           all
           things
           said
           ,
           affirmed
           ,
           specified
           ,
           desired
           ,
           and
           remembred
           in
           the
           said
           Roll
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           tenour
           of
           the
           same
           ,
           underwritten
           in
           the
           name
           of
           the
           said
           three
           Estates
           to
           the
           effect
           expressed
           in
           the
           said
           Roll
           ,
           be
           of
           the
           like
           effect
           ,
           vertue
           ,
           and
           force
           ,
           as
           if
           all
           the
           same
           things
           had
           been
           so
           said
           ,
           affirmed
           ,
           specified
           ,
           and
           remembred
           in
           
             full
             Parliament
             ,
          
           and
           by
           authority
           of
           the
           same
           accepted
           ,
           and
           approved
           ,
           the
           Tenor
           of
           the
           said
           Roll
           of
           Parchment
           wherof
           above
           is
           made
           mention
           ,
           followeth
           ,
           and
           is
           such
           .
        
         
           
             To
             the
             high
             and
             mighty
             Prince
             ,
             
             Richard
             Duke
             of
             Gloucester
             .
          
           
             PLeaseth
             it
             your
             Noble
             Grace
             to
             understand
             the
             considerations
             ,
             election
             ,
             and
             Petition
             underwritten
             of
             us
             the
             Lords
             Spiritual
             and
             Temporal
             ,
             and
             Commons
             of
             this
             Realm
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             and
             thereunto
             agreeable
             ,
             to
             give
             
             your
             assent
             to
             the
             Common
             ,
             and
             publique
             weal
             of
             this
             land
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             comfort
             ,
             and
             gladnesse
             of
             all
             the
             people
             of
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             First
             we
             consider
             ,
             how
             that
             heretofore
             in
             time
             passed
             this
             land
             for
             many
             years
             stood
             in
             great
             prosperity
             ,
             honour
             ,
             and
             tranquillity
             ,
             which
             was
             caused
             for
             so
             much
             as
             the
             Kings
             reigning
             ,
             
             used
             and
             followed
             the
             advice
             ,
             and
             counsel
             of
             certain
             Lords
             Spiritual
             and
             Temporal
             ,
             and
             other
             persons
             of
             approved
             sagenesse
             ,
             
             prudence
             ,
             policy
             ,
             and
             experience
             ,
             dreading
             God
             ,
             and
             having
             tender
             zeal
             ,
             and
             affection
             to
             indifferent
             administration
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Common
             ,
             and
             publique
             weal
             of
             the
             land
             :
             Then
             our
             Lord
             God
             was
             dread
             ,
             loved
             ,
             and
             honoured
             ;
             Then
             within
             the
             land
             was
             peace
             and
             tranquillity
             ,
             and
             among
             the
             neighbours
             Concord
             and
             Charity
             ;
             Then
             the
             malice
             of
             outward
             enemies
             was
             mightily
             resisted
             ,
             and
             repressed
             ,
             and
             the
             land
             honourably
             defended
             with
             many
             great
             and
             glorious
             victories
             ;
             Then
             the
             intercourse
             of
             Merchants
             was
             largely
             used
             and
             exercised
             ;
             
             by
             which
             things
             above
             remembred
             ,
             the
             land
             was
             greatly
             inriched
             ,
             
             so
             that
             as
             well
             the
             Merchants
             as
             the
             Artificers
             ,
             and
             other
             poor
             people
             ;
             
             labouring
             for
             their
             living
             in
             divers
             Occupations
             ,
             
             had
             competent
             gain
             ,
             to
             the
             satisfaction
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             their
             housholds
             ,
             living
             without
             miserable
             and
             intollerable
             poverty
             .
             But
             afterwards
             ,
             when
             as
             such
             had
             the
             rule
             and
             governance
             of
             this
             land
             ,
             
             delighting
             in
             adulation
             ,
             and
             flattery
             ,
             and
             led
             by
             sensuality
             and
             concupiscence
             ,
             followed
             the
             counsel
             of
             persons
             insolent
             ,
             vicious
             ,
             and
             of
             inordinate
             avarice
             ,
             despising
             the
             Counsel
             of
             persons
             good
             ,
             vertuous
             ,
             and
             prudent
             ,
             such
             as
             above
             be
             remembred
             ;
             the
             prosperity
             of
             this
             land
             decreased
             daily
             ,
             so
             that
             our
             felicity
             was
             turned
             into
             misery
             ,
             and
             our
             prosperity
             into
             adversity
             ,
             and
             the
             order
             of
             policy
             ,
             
             and
             the
             Lawes
             of
             God
             and
             man
             confounded
             ,
             whereby
             it
             is
             likely
             this
             Realm
             to
             fall
             into
             great
             misery
             ,
             and
             desolation
             ,
             (
             which
             God
             defend
             )
             without
             due
             provision
             of
             convenable
             remedie
             be
             had
             in
             this
             behalf
             in
             all
             godly
             haste
             .
          
           
           
             Over
             this
             ,
             among
             other
             things
             more
             special
             ,
             we
             consider
             how
             that
             the
             time
             of
             the
             reign
             of
             
               Edw
               :
            
             
             4th
             .
             late
             deceased
             ,
             after
             the
             ungracious
             pretended
             mariage
             (
             as
             all
             
               England
            
             hath
             cause
             to
             say
             )
             made
             betwixt
             the
             said
             King
             
               Edward
            
             and
             
               Elizabeth
               ,
            
             sometimes
             Wife
             to
             Sir
             
               Iohn
               Gray
            
             Knight
             ,
             late
             naming
             her self
             ,
             and
             many
             years
             heretofore
             Queen
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             
             the
             order
             of
             politique
             rule
             was
             perverted
             ,
             the
             Laws
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             of
             Gods
             Church
             ,
             &c.
             also
             the
             Laws
             of
             Nature
             ,
             and
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             and
             also
             the
             laudable
             customs
             and
             liberties
             of
             the
             same
             ,
             wherein
             every
             Englishman
             is
             inheritor
             ,
             
             is
             broken
             ,
             subverted
             ,
             and
             contemned
             ,
             against
             all
             Reason
             and
             Justice
             :
             so
             that
             the
             Land
             was
             ruled
             by
             self-will
             ,
             and
             pleasure
             ,
             fear
             and
             dread
             ,
             all
             manner
             of
             Equity
             and
             Law
             laid
             apart
             and
             despised
             ,
             whereof
             ensued
             many
             inconveniencies
             and
             mischiefs
             ,
             
             as
             Murders
             ,
             Extortions
             ,
             and
             Oppressions
             ,
             namely
             of
             poor
             ,
             and
             impotent
             people
             ,
             so
             that
             no
             man
             was
             sure
             of
             his
             life
             ,
             land
             ,
             or
             livelyhood
             ,
             ne
             of
             his
             wife
             ,
             daughter
             ,
             or
             servant
             ,
             every
             good
             maiden
             ,
             and
             woman
             ,
             standing
             in
             fear
             to
             be
             ravished
             ,
             
             and
             deflowred
             .
             And
             besides
             this
             ,
             what
             discorts
             ,
             inward
             battels
             ,
             effusion
             of
             Christian
             mens
             blouds
             ,
             
             and
             namely
             ,
             by
             the
             destrnction
             of
             the
             Nobles
             blood
             of
             this
             land
             was
             had
             ,
             and
             committed
             within
             the
             same
             ,
             
             it
             is
             evident
             ,
             and
             notorious
             through
             all
             this
             Realm
             ,
             unto
             the
             great
             sorrow
             ,
             and
             heavinesse
             of
             all
             true
             English
             men
             .
             And
             here
             also
             we
             consider
             ,
             how
             that
             the
             said
             pretended
             Mariage
             betwixt
             the
             above-named
             King
             
               Edward
               ,
            
             
             and
             
               Elizabeth
               Gray
               ,
            
             was
             made
             of
             great
             presumption
             ,
             without
             the
             knowing
             and
             assent
             of
             the
             Lords
             of
             this
             land
             ,
             and
             also
             by
             Sorcery
             and
             Witchcraft
             committed
             by
             the
             said
             
               Elizabeth
               ,
            
             and
             her
             Mother
             
               Iaquet
            
             Dutchesse
             of
             
               Bedford
               ,
            
             as
             the
             common
             opinion
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             and
             the
             publique
             voice
             ,
             and
             fame
             is
             throughout
             all
             this
             land
             ,
             
             and
             hereafter
             if
             the
             cause
             shall
             require
             ,
             shall
             be
             proved
             sufficiently
             in
             time
             and
             place
             convenient
             .
             
             And
             here
             also
             we
             consider
             ,
             how
             that
             the
             said
             pretended
             Mariage
             was
             made
             privily
             ,
             and
             secretly
             ,
             
             without
             edition
             of
             banes
             ,
             in
             a
             private
             Chamber
             ,
             a
             prophane
             place
             ,
             and
             not
             openly
             in
             the
             face
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             after
             the
             Law
             of
             Gods
             Church
             ,
             but
             contrary
             thereunto
             ,
             and
             the
             laudable
             custom
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             
               England
               ;
            
             and
             how
             also
             at
             the
             time
             of
             contract
             of
             the
             same
             pretended
             Mariage
             ,
             and
             before
             and
             long
             time
             after
             the
             said
             King
             
               Edward
            
             was
             and
             stood
             maried
             ,
             
             and
             troth-plight
             to
             one
             Dame
             
               Elinor
               Butler
               ,
            
             daughter
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Shrewsbury
               ,
            
             with
             whom
             the
             said
             King
             
               Edward
            
             had
             made
             a
             Precontract
             of
             Matrimony
             ,
             long
             time
             before
             he
             made
             the
             said
             pretended
             Mariage
             with
             the
             said
             
               Elizabeth
               Gray
               ,
            
             in
             manner
             ,
             and
             form
             aforesaid
             .
             Which
             premisses
             
               being
               true
               ,
               as
               in
               very
               truth
               they
               be
               true
               ,
            
             it
             appeareth
             ,
             and
             followeth
             evidently
             ,
             that
             the
             said
             King
             
               Edward
            
             during
             his
             life
             ,
             and
             the
             said
             
               Elizabeth
               ,
            
             lived
             together
             sinfully
             ,
             and
             damnably
             in
             adultery
             ,
             against
             the
             Law
             of
             God
             and
             of
             his
             Church
             ;
             and
             therefore
             no
             marvel
             that
             the
             Soveraign
             Lord
             ,
             
             and
             head
             of
             the
             land
             being
             of
             such
             ungodly
             disposition
             ,
             and
             provoking
             the
             ire
             ,
             and
             indignation
             of
             our
             Lord
             God
             ,
             such
             heynous
             mischief
             ,
             and
             Inconveniences
             as
             are
             above
             remembred
             were
             used
             ,
             and
             committed
             in
             the
             Realm
             amongst
             the
             Subjects
             .
             
               Also
               it
               appeareth
               evidently
               ,
               and
               followeth
               ,
               that
               all
               the
               issue
               ,
            
             
             
               and
               children
               of
               the
               said
               King
            
             Edward
             
               be
               Bastards
               ,
               and
               unable
               to
               inherit
               ,
               or
               claim
               any
               thing
               by
               inheritance
               by
               the
               Law
               ,
               and
               custom
               of
            
             England
             .
          
           
             Moreover
             ,
             we
             consider
             how
             that
             afterwards
             by
             the
             three
             Estates
             of
             this
             Realm
             assembled
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             
             holden
             at
             
               Westminster
               ,
               Anno
            
             17.
             of
             the
             reign
             of
             the
             said
             King
             
               Edward
            
             the
             4th
             ,
             he
             then
             being
             in
             possession
             of
             the
             Crown
             ,
             and
             royal
             Estate
             ,
             by
             Act
             made
             in
             the
             same
             Parliament
             ,
             
               George
            
             Duke
             of
             
               Clarence
               ,
            
             brother
             to
             the
             King
             
               Edward
            
             now
             deceased
             ,
             
             was
             convicted
             ,
             and
             attainted
             of
             High
             Treason
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             said
             Act
             is
             contained
             more
             at
             large
             ;
             because
             ,
             and
             by
             reason
             whereof
             ,
             all
             the
             issue
             of
             the
             said
             
               George
            
             was
             ,
             and
             is
             disabled
             ,
             and
             barred
             of
             all
             right
             and
             claim
             that
             in
             any
             case
             they
             might
             have
             ,
             or
             
             challenge
             by
             inheritance
             ,
             to
             the
             Crown
             and
             Dignity
             royal
             of
             this
             Realm
             ,
             by
             the
             antient
             Laws
             and
             Customs
             of
             this
             same
             Realm
             .
          
           
             Over
             this
             ,
             
             we
             consider
             ,
             that
             you
             be
             the
             undoubted
             heir
             of
             
               Richard
               Duke
               of
               York
               ,
            
             very
             inheritor
             of
             the
             said
             Crown
             ,
             and
             dignity
             royal
             ,
             and
             as
             in
             right
             King
             of
             
               England
            
             by
             way
             of
             Inheritance
             ;
             And
             that
             at
             this
             time
             the
             premises
             duly
             considered
             ,
             there
             is
             none
             other
             person
             living
             but
             you
             only
             ,
             that
             may
             claim
             the
             said
             Crown
             and
             Dignity
             royal
             ,
             
             by
             way
             of
             Inheritance
             ,
             and
             how
             that
             you
             be
             born
             within
             this
             Land
             ,
             by
             reason
             whereof
             ,
             as
             we
             deem
             in
             our
             minds
             ,
             
             you
             be
             more
             naturally
             inclined
             to
             the
             prosperity
             and
             common
             weal
             of
             the
             same
             ,
             And
             all
             the
             three
             Estates
             of
             the
             Land
             have
             ,
             and
             may
             have
             more
             certain
             knowledge
             of
             your
             birth
             ,
             and
             filiation
             aforesaid
             .
             We
             consider
             also
             the
             great
             wit
             ,
             prudence
             ,
             Justice
             ,
             Princely
             courage
             ,
             and
             the
             memorable
             and
             laudable
             acts
             in
             divers
             battels
             ,
             which
             as
             we
             by
             experience
             know
             you
             heretofore
             have
             done
             ,
             for
             the
             defence
             ,
             &
             salvation
             of
             this
             Realm
             ,
             and
             also
             the
             great
             noblenesse
             and
             excellency
             of
             your
             birth
             ,
             
             and
             bloud
             ,
             as
             of
             him
             that
             is
             descended
             of
             the
             three
             most
             royal
             houses
             of
             Christendom
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             
             
               England
               ,
               France
               ,
            
             and
             
               Spain
               ,
            
             Wherefore
             these
             premises
             duly
             by
             us
             considered
             ,
             we
             desiring
             effectually
             the
             peace
             ,
             tranquillity
             ,
             and
             weal
             publique
             of
             this
             Land
             ,
             and
             the
             reduction
             of
             the
             same
             to
             the
             antient
             honourable
             estate
             ,
             and
             prosperity
             ;
             And
             having
             in
             your
             great
             prudent
             Justice
             ,
             Princely
             courage
             ,
             and
             excellent
             vertue
             ,
             singular
             confidence
             ;
             
               *
            
             
               have
               chosen
               in
            
             all
             that
             in
             us
             is
             ,
             and
             by
             that
             our
             Writing
             
               choose
            
             you
             high
             and
             mighty
             Prince
             
               our
               King
               ,
               and
               Soveraign
               Lord
               ,
            
             &c.
             to
             whom
             we
             know
             of
             
               *
            
             certain
             it
             appertaineth
             of
             Inheritance
             
               so
               to
               be
               chosen
               .
            
             And
             hereupon
             we
             humbly
             desire
             ,
             pray
             ,
             and
             require
             your
             most
             Noble
             grace
             ,
             
             that
             according
             
               this
               election
            
             of
             us
             the
             three
             estates
             of
             your
             Land
             ,
             as
             by
             inheritance
             ;
             you
             
             will
             accept
             ,
             
             and
             take
             upon
             you
             the
             said
             Crown
             and
             royal
             dignity
             ,
             with
             all
             things
             thereunto
             annexed
             ,
             and
             appertaining
             ,
             as
             to
             you
             of
             right
             belonging
             ,
             as
             well
             by
             inheritance
             as
             by
             
               lawfull
               election
               ;
            
             and
             in
             case
             you
             so
             do
             ,
             we
             promise
             to
             assist
             and
             serve
             your
             Highnesse
             ,
             
             as
             true
             ,
             and
             faithfull
             Subjects
             and
             Liegemen
             ,
             and
             to
             live
             and
             dye
             with
             you
             in
             this
             matter
             ,
             and
             in
             every
             other
             just
             quarrel
             ;
             for
             certainly
             we
             be
             determined
             rather
             to
             adventure
             ,
             and
             commit
             us
             to
             the
             peril
             of
             our
             lives
             ,
             and
             jeopardy
             of
             death
             ,
             than
             to
             live
             in
             such
             thraldom
             and
             bondage
             as
             we
             have
             done
             long
             time
             heretofore
             ,
             
             oppressed
             and
             injured
             by
             Extortions
             ,
             and
             new
             Impositions
             ,
             against
             the
             Law
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             Man
             ,
             and
             the
             liberties
             ,
             and
             old
             policy
             ,
             and
             Laws
             of
             this
             Land
             ,
             wherein
             every
             Englishman
             is
             Inherited
             .
             Our
             Lord
             God
             ,
             King
             of
             all
             Kings
             ,
             by
             whose
             infinite
             goodnesse
             ,
             
             and
             eternal
             providence
             ,
             all
             things
             bin
             principally
             governed
             in
             this
             world
             ,
             lighten
             your
             Soul
             ,
             and
             grant
             you
             grace
             to
             doe
             as
             well
             in
             this
             matter
             as
             in
             all
             other
             ,
             
             that
             which
             may
             be
             according
             to
             his
             will
             and
             pleasure
             ,
             
             and
             to
             the
             common
             and
             publique
             weal
             of
             this
             Land
             :
             
             So
             that
             after
             great
             clouds
             ,
             troubles
             ,
             storms
             ,
             and
             tempests
             ,
             the
             Sun
             of
             Iustice
             and
             of
             Grace
             may
             shine
             upon
             us
             ,
             to
             the
             joy
             and
             comfort
             of
             all
             true-hearted
             Englishmen
             .
          
           
             Albeit
             that
             the
             right
             ,
             
             title
             ,
             and
             estate
             which
             our
             Soveraign
             Lord
             King
             
               Richard
            
             the
             Third
             hath
             to
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Crown
             and
             Royal
             dignity
             of
             this
             Realm
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             with
             all
             things
             thereunto
             within
             the
             same
             Realm
             ,
             and
             without
             it
             annexed
             and
             appertaining
             ,
             bin
             just
             and
             lawfull
             ,
             as
             grounded
             upon
             the
             Laws
             of
             God
             &
             Nature
             ,
             and
             also
             upon
             the
             antient
             Laws
             and
             laudable
             Customes
             of
             this
             said
             Realm
             ;
             And
             also
             taken
             ,
             and
             reputed
             by
             all
             such
             persons
             ,
             as
             bin
             
               *
            
             learned
             in
             the
             abovesaid
             Laws
             and
             Custom
             ;
          
           
             Yet
             neverthelesse
             ,
             
             for
             as
             much
             as
             it
             is
             considered
             ,
             that
             the
             most
             part
             of
             the
             people
             is
             not
             sufficiently
             learned
             in
             the
             abovesaid
             Laws
             and
             Customs
             ,
             wherby
             the
             truth
             &
             
             right
             in
             this
             behalf
             of
             likelihood
             may
             be
             hid
             ,
             and
             not
             clearly
             known
             to
             all
             the
             people
             ,
             and
             thereupon
             put
             in
             doubt
             ,
             and
             question
             .
             And
             over
             this
             ,
             how
             that
             the
             
               *
            
             Court
             of
             Parliament
             is
             of
             such
             authority
             ,
             and
             the
             people
             of
             this
             Land
             of
             such
             a
             nature
             and
             disposition
             as
             experience
             teacheth
             ,
             that
             manifestation
             and
             declaration
             of
             any
             truth
             or
             right
             ,
             made
             by
             the
             three
             Estates
             of
             this
             Realm
             assembled
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             by
             authority
             of
             the
             same
             ,
             maketh
             before
             all
             other
             things
             ,
             most
             faith
             ,
             and
             certain
             
               *
            
             quieting
             of
             mens
             minds
             ,
             and
             removeth
             the
             occasion
             of
             doubts
             ,
             and
             seditious
             language
             .
          
           
             Therefore
             ,
             at
             the
             request
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             assent
             of
             the
             
               *
            
             Three
             Estates
             of
             this
             Realm
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             the
             Lords
             Spiritual
             and
             Temporal
             ,
             and
             Commons
             of
             this
             Land
             assembled
             in
             this
             present
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             by
             authority
             of
             the
             same
             ,
             be
             it
             pronounced
             ,
             decreed
             ,
             and
             declared
             ,
             that
             our
             said
             Soveraign
             Lord
             the
             King
             was
             ,
             and
             is
             the
             very
             undoubted
             King
             of
             this
             Realm
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             with
             all
             things
             thereunto
             within
             the
             same
             Realm
             ,
             and
             without
             it
             ,
             united
             ,
             annexed
             ,
             and
             appertaining
             ,
             as
             well
             by
             right
             of
             consanguinity
             and
             inheritance
             ,
             as
             by
             
               lawfull
               election
               ,
            
             consecration
             and
             Coronation
             .
          
           
             And
             over
             this
             ,
             that
             at
             the
             request
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             assent
             and
             authority
             abovesaid
             ,
             be
             it
             ordained
             ,
             enacted
             ,
             and
             established
             ,
             *
             
             that
             the
             said
             Crown
             ,
             and
             royal
             dignity
             of
             this
             Realm
             ,
             and
             the
             Inheritance
             of
             the
             same
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             things
             thereunto
             within
             this
             Realm
             ,
             or
             without
             it
             ,
             united
             and
             annexed
             ,
             and
             now
             appertaining
             ,
             rest
             and
             bide
             in
             the
             person
             of
             our
             said
             Soveraign
             Lord
             the
             King
             ,
             during
             his
             life
             ,
             and
             after
             his
             decease
             in
             his
             heirs
             of
             his
             body
             begotten
             ,
             and
             in
             especial
             at
             the
             request
             ,
             and
             by
             assent
             ,
             and
             the
             authority
             aforesaid
             ,
             be
             it
             ordained
             ,
             enacted
             ,
             established
             ,
             pronounced
             ,
             decreed
             and
             declared
             ,
             that
             the
             high
             and
             excellent
             Prince
             
               *
            
             
               Edward
               ,
            
             Sonne
             of
             our
             said
             Soveraign
             Lord
             the
             King
             ,
             be
             heir
             apparent
             of
             the
             same
             our
             Soveraign
             Lord
             the
             King
             ,
             to
             succeed
             to
             him
             in
             the
             abovesaid
             Crown
             and
             royal
             dignity
             ,
             with
             all
             
             things
             (
             as
             is
             aforesaid
             )
             thereunto
             united
             ,
             annexed
             ,
             and
             appertaining
             ,
             to
             have
             them
             after
             the
             decease
             of
             our
             said
             Soveraign
             Lord
             the
             King
             ,
             to
             him
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             heirs
             of
             his
             body
             lawfully
             begotten
             .
          
           
             Quae
             quidem
             B●lla
             Communibus
             Regni
             Angliae
             in
             dicto
             Parliamento
             existentibus
             transportata
             fuit
             ,
             cui
             quidem
             Billae
             idem
             Communes
             assensum
             suum
             praebuerunt
             sub
             hiis
             verbis
             :
             
               A
               ceste
               Bille
               les
               Communs
               sont
               assentes
               ;
            
             quibus
             quidem
             Billa
             &
             assensu
             coram
             Domino
             Rege
             in
             Parliamento
             pradicto
             ,
             lectis
             ,
             auditis
             ,
             &
             plenè
             intellectis
             ,
             &
             de
             assensu
             Dominorum
             Spiritualium
             &
             Temporalium
             in
             dicto
             Parliamento
             similiter
             existentium
             ,
             et
             Communitatis
             praedictae
             ;
             nec
             non
             authoritate
             ejusdem
             Parliamenti
             pronunciatum
             ,
             decretum
             ,
             &
             declaratum
             existit
             ,
             
               omnia
               ,
               et
               singula
               in
               Billa
               praedicta
               contenta
               fore
               vera
               et
               indubia
               ,
               ac
               idem
            
             
               *
            
             Dominas
             Rex
             ,
             
               de
               assensu
               dictorum
               trium
               Statuum
               Regni
               ,
               et
               authoritate
               praedicta
               ,
               omnia
               &
               singula
               praemissa
               in
               billa
               praedicta
               contenta
               concedit
               ,
               et
               ea
               pro
               vero
               et
               indubio
               pronunciat
               ,
               decernit
               ,
               et
               declarat
               .
            
          
           
             
               Eccles.
            
             1.
             9
             ,
             10
             ,
             11
             The
             thing
             which
             hath
             been
             ,
             it
             is
             that
             which
             shall
             be
             :
             and
             that
             which
             is
             done
             ,
             is
             that
             which
             shall
             be
             done
             ;
             and
             there
             is
             no
             new
             thing
             under
             the
             Sun
             .
             Is
             there
             any
             thing
             whereof
             it
             may
             be
             said
             ,
             this
             is
             new
             ?
             it
             hath
             been
             already
             of
             old
             time
             ,
             which
             was
             before
             us
             .
             There
             is
             no
             remembrance
             of
             former
             things
             ,
             neither
             shall
             there
             be
             any
             remembrance
             of
             things
             that
             are
             to
             come
             ,
             with
             those
             that
             shall
             come
             after
             .
          
           
             Yet
             it
             is
             both
             solid
             Piety
             ,
             Policy
             ,
             Prudence
             ,
             in
             such
             an
             age
             as
             this
             ,
             for
             all
             considerate
             ,
             conscientious
             
               Englishmen
               ,
            
             advisedly
             to
             remember
             ,
             read
             ,
             consider
             the
             
               Tragical
               ends
               ,
            
             
               *
            
             as
             well
             as
             the
             
               successfull
               Beginnings
               ,
               Proceedings
            
             of
             this
             King
             
               Richard
               ,
            
             and
             his
             
               activest
               Instruments
               ,
            
             to
             gain
             and
             settle
             the
             
               Kingship
            
             on
             him
             by
             such
             
               Politick
               Stratagems
               .
            
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A91202e-240
           
             Things
             done
             &
             concluded
             without
             the
             3.
             estates
             in
             Parliament
             ,
             gave
             little
             or
             no
             satisfaction
             to
             the
             People
             ,
             though
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Parliament
             &
             3.
             
             Estates
             .
          
           
             *
             The
             3.
             
             Estates
             must
             concurr
             to
             make
             a
             Parl.
             else
             his
             Title
             would
             neither
             be
             valid
             ,
             nor
             satisfactory
             ,
             but
             ambiguous
             ,
             as
             before
             :
             No
             one
             or
             two
             of
             them
             being
             a
             full
             Parl.
             but
             all
             3.
             conjoyned
             .
          
           
             The
             new
             device
             of
             this
             Bloudy
             Usurper
             ,
             to
             intitle
             himself
             to
             the
             Crown
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             and
             take
             upon
             him
             the
             Regal
             Government
             .
          
           
             Good
             Counsellors
             .
          
           
             Administration
             of
             Justice
             .
          
           
             Merchandise
             ,
             and
             Trade
             .
          
           
             Merchants
             .
          
           
             Artificers
             .
          
           
             Gains
             .
          
           
             Adulation
             ,
             Avarice
             .
             III
             Counsel
             .
          
           
             Laws
             Confounded
             .
          
           
             
               Edward
            
             the
             4
             his
             Mariage
             blemished
             .
          
           
             Laws
             perverted
             .
          
           
             Liberties
             ,
             and
             Laws
             every
             
               Engl●sh
            
             mans
             Inheritance
             .
             Arbitrary
             Go-Force
             .
          
           
             It
             s
             mischievous
             Fruits
             .
             Murders
             .
             Extortions
             .
             Oppressions
             .
          
           
             Incettainty
             of
             Mens
             lives
             &
             Estates
             .
          
           
             Discords
             .
             Warrs
             .
          
           
             Nobles
             bloud
             destroyed
             .
          
           
             Kings
             Mariage
             without
             the
             Lords
             assent
             ,
             &
             by
             sorcery
             &
             witchcraf●
             .
          
           
             Void
             Mariage
             .
          
           
             Private
             Mari●●e
             in
             a
             Chamber
             .
          
           
             Precontract
             .
          
           
             
               Edward
            
             the
             4.
             his
             ungodly
             disposition
             .
          
           
             His
             Children
             illegitimate
             ,
             &
             Bastards
             .
          
           
             The
             Duke
             of
             
               Clarence
            
             attainted
             by
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             His
             issue
             therby
             not
             inheritable
             and
             uncapableto
             claim
             the
             Crown
             .
          
           
             
               Richard
            
             the
             3.
             declared
             undoubted
             &
             only
             heir
             to
             the
             Crown
             .
          
           
             An
             
               Englishman
            
             by
             birth
             .
          
           
             His
             pretended
             vertues
             &
             fitness
             to
             reign
             as
             King
             ,
             without
             one
             word
             of
             his
             Murders
             ,
             Treasons
             ,
             Regicides
             ,
             Hypocrisy
             &
             other
             Vices
             .
          
           
             His
             valour
             in
             battel
             .
          
           
             His
             honourable
             and
             royal
             birth
             .
          
           
             *
             His
             election
             by
             the
             3.
             states
             &
             this
             Instrument
             to
             be
             K.
             of
             
               England
               .
            
          
           
             *
             They
             make
             his
             hereditary
             Title
             ,
             the
             ground
             of
             their
             Choice
             .
          
           
             Their
             Petition
             and
             importunity
             to
             him
             ,
             to
             accept
             of
             the
             Crown
             ,
             though
             himself
             most
             eagerly
             thirsted
             after
             i●
             .
          
           
             His
             hereditary
             right
             thereto
             ,
             seconded
             by
             their
             election
             .
          
           
             Their
             promise
             to
             assist
             ,
             serve
             ,
             &
             obey
             him
             ,
             upon
             his
             acceptance
             thereof
             ,
             as
             his
             Subjects
             ,
             and
             to
             live
             and
             dye
             with
             him
             .
          
           
             Their
             pretended
             great
             Thraldom
             ,
             Bondage
             ,
             Oppressions
             ,
             &c.
             under
             his
             Predecessors
             .
             Extortions
             .
          
           
             New
             Impositions
             against
             Laws
             and
             Liberties
             .
          
           
             Nota.
             
          
           
             Their
             prayer
             for
             him
             .
          
           
             Great
             Trouble
             (
             occasioned
             partly
             by
             himself
             .
             )
             Justice
             .
          
           
             
               Richard
            
             the
             3.
             
             His
             hereditary
             Title
             to
             the
             Crown
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             God
             and
             Nature
             .
          
           
             *
             The
             Lawyers
             flatter
             ,
             and
             approve
             his
             Title
             .
          
           
             The
             Common
             people
             ignorant
             in
             the
             Laws
             .
          
           
             *
             The
             Parl
             authority
             with
             the
             people
             ,
             when
             true
             ,
             free
             ,
             and
             real
             ,
             consisting
             of
             the
             3.
             
             Estates
             .
          
           
             *
             Its
             Declaration
             quieteth
             all
             mens
             minds
             ,
             removeth
             all
             doubts
             &
             seditions
             .
             yet
             he
             that
             considers
             39
             
               H.
               6.
               n.
            
             8.
             to
             33
             1
             
               E.
               4.
               n.
            
             8.
             to
             40.
             will
             scarce
             believe
             this
             for
             a
             truth
             ,
             neither
             proved
             it
             so
             in
             his
             own
             case
             .
          
           
             *
             The
             3.
             
             Estates
             must
             all
             concurr
             to
             make
             a
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             valid
             Election
             .
             They
             decree
             and
             declare
             him
             undoubted
             King
             of
             this
             Realm
             ,
             by
             inheritance
             and
             their
             lawful
             election
             coupled
             together
             .
          
           
             The
             Crown
             setled
             &
             entailed
             on
             him
             ,
             and
             the
             heirs
             of
             his
             body
             .
          
           
             *
             His
             Son
             declared
             heir
             apparent
             .
          
           
             *
             Here
             he
             creats
             &
             ratifies
             his
             own
             Title
             .
          
           
             *
             Psal.
             73.
             17
             ,
             18
             ,
             19.
             
             Ps.
             92.
             6
             ,
             7.