A letter written to a gentleman in the country, touching the dissolution of the late Parliament, and the reasons therof.
         Hall, John, 1627-1656.
      
       
         This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A86800 of text R207083 in the  English Short Title Catalog (Thomason E697_2). Textual changes  and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more  computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life.  The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with  MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish.  This text has not been fully proofread 
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         EarlyPrint Project
         Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO
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         A86800
         Wing H352
         Thomason E697_2
         ESTC R207083
         99866155
         99866155
         166521
         
           
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         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 166521)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Thomason Tracts ; 107:E697[2])
      
       
         
           
             A letter written to a gentleman in the country, touching the dissolution of the late Parliament, and the reasons therof.
             Hall, John, 1627-1656.
             Milton, John, 1608-1674,
          
           [2], 20, [2] p.
           
             Printed by F. Leach, for Richard Baddleley at his shop within the Middle Temple Gate,
             London, :
             1653.
          
           
             Signed on p. 20: N. LL., i.e. John Hall.
             Sometimes attributed to John Milton.
             The final leaf is blank.
             Annotation on Thomason copy: "By Mr. John Milton"; "May 26".
             Reproduction of the original in the British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           England and Wales. -- Parliament -- Dissolution -- Early works to 1800.
           Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1649-1660.
        
      
    
       A86800  R207083  (Thomason E697_2).  civilwar no A letter written to a gentleman in the country, touching the dissolution of the late Parliament, and the reasons therof.: Hall, John 1653    6938 5 0 0 0 0 0 7 B  The  rate of 7 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the B category of texts with fewer than 10 defects per 10,000 words. 
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           A
           LETTER
           WRITTEN
           To
           a
           Gentleman
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           touching
           the
           DISSOLVTION
           of
           the
           late
           PARLIAMENT
           ,
           AND
           THE
           REASONS
           THEROF
           .
        
         
           Senec.
           Troad
           .
        
         
           
             Quaeris
             quo
             jaceas
             post
             obitum
             loco
             ?
          
           
             Quo
             non
             nata
             jacent
             .
             —
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             F.
             Leach
             ,
          
           for
           
             Richard
             Baddeley
          
           at
           his
           Shop
           within
           the
           Middle
           Temple
           Gate
           1653.
           
        
      
    
     
       
       
       
         
           A
           Letter
           written
           to
           a
           Gentleman
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           touching
           the
           
             Dissolution
          
           of
           the
           late
           PARLIAMENT
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Reasons
          
           thereof
           .
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           YOurs
           of
           the
           27th
           past
           came
           safe
           ,
           and
           with
           it
           your
           admiration
           of
           this
           
             great
             change
          
           which
           hath
           happened
           in
           the
           
             dissolution
          
           of
           the
           late
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           which
           I
           not
           at
           all
           wonder
           at
           ;
           for
           as
           this
           
             Island
          
           hath
           afforded
           the
           greatest
           
             Revolutions
          
           that
           I
           think
           any
           memory
           affords
           us
           ,
           of
           any
           time
           or
           place
           ,
           so
           I
           believe
           this
           to
           be
           the
           greatest
           of
           them
           ;
           and
           so
           much
           the
           greater
           ,
           as
           that
           it
           was
           done
           ,
           in
           a
           manner
           ,
           in
           an
           instant
           ,
           without
           
             contestation
             ,
          
           without
           
             effusion
          
           of
           blood
           ,
           and
           ,
           for
           any
           thing
           I
           can
           perceive
           ,
           without
           the
           least
           resentment
           of
           those
           whom
           it
           generally
           concerns
           .
           But
           when
           I
           shall
           put
           you
           in
           remembrance
           of
           what
           I
           have
           often
           enforc'd
           to
           you
           ,
           or
           to
           say
           better
           discours'd
           ,
           for
           the
           other
           is
           needlesse
           ,
           that
           the
           wayes
           of
           
             Providence
          
           are
           
             inscrutable
             ,
          
           and
           such
           ,
           as
           ,
           though
           they
           seem
           to
           us
           
             unexpected
          
           and
           
             temerarious
             ,
          
           yet
           are
           carried
           on
           with
           such
           a
           strange
           and
           supreme
           kind
           of
           
             design
             ,
          
           it
           wil
           be
           easie
           for
           an
           
             humble
          
           and
           an
           
             acquiescing
          
           mind
           to
           see
           ,
           that
           by
           severall
           invisible
           degrees
           ,
           they
           bring
           forth
           their
           
             last
          
           &
           propos'd
           intendments
           ,
           yea
           with
           those
           instruments
           which
           seem
           and
           intend
           to
           do
           the
           contrary
           .
           What
           man
           could
           have
           suppos'd
           ,
           after
           the
           dissolution
           of
           the
           Parliament
           preceding
           this
           last
           ,
           to
           have
           had
           another
           so
           soon
           ?
           and
           for
           this
           last
           ,
           who
           could
           have
           imagin'd
           that
           by
           
             Act
          
           it
           should
           have
           continued
           ,
           much
           more
           
           gloriously
           have
           undertaken
           the
           defence
           of
           an
           
             injured
          
           people
           by
           open
           arms
           against
           an
           
             Oppressor
             ,
          
           and
           that
           these
           undertakings
           ,
           with
           admirable
           variety
           of
           successe
           ,
           should
           have
           been
           crowned
           with
           the
           extirpation
           of
           
             Tyranny
             ,
          
           and
           the
           decollation
           of
           the
           person
           of
           a
           
             Tyrant
             ;
          
           that
           that
           great
           
             Omniscience
          
           should
           so
           blesse
           the
           endeavours
           of
           a
           
             Common-wealth
             ,
          
           now
           as
           I
           may
           say
           in
           its
           very
           
             swadling-clouts
             ,
          
           as
           by
           them
           absolutely
           to
           reduce
           those
           dominions
           in
           3
           years
           ,
           which
           a
           
             series
          
           of
           
             proud
          
           &
           
             lusty
          
           Monarks
           could
           not
           in
           6
           Centurys
           do
           ?
           Besides
           that
           
             navall
          
           opposition
           so
           fortunately
           &
           gloriously
           made
           against
           the
           greatest
           Maritime
           enemy
           in
           
             Europe
             ,
          
           or
           to
           speak
           with
           due
           acknowledgment
           ,
           in
           the
           Earth
           .
           Yet
           are
           these
           men
           ,
           after
           all
           these
           vigorous
           and
           happy
           actions
           ,
           suddenly
           dispersed
           like
           Down
           blown
           off
           a
           Thistle
           ,
           and
           their
           power
           devolv'd
           into
           such
           hands
           ,
           which
           a
           God
           hath
           made
           instrumentall
           in
           these
           strange
           
             Emanations
          
           of
           his
           Divine
           
             Will
             ,
          
           so
           we
           may
           humbly
           conceive
           ,
           he
           intends
           to
           make
           further
           use
           of
           to
           the
           finishing
           of
           that
           
             great
          
           work
           ,
           which
           by
           such
           visible
           signs
           ,
           he
           hath
           mad
           appeare
           he
           hath
           in
           hand
           for
           the
           glory
           of
           his
           name
           ,
           the
           felicity
           of
           these
           Nations
           ,
           and
           I
           believe
           for
           the
           blessed
           alteration
           of
           all
           
             Europe
             .
          
        
         
           I
           am
           neither
           
             Stoick
          
           to
           believe
           that
           all
           things
           are
           
             link'd
          
           by
           such
           a
           strong
           
             chain
          
           of
           
             Fate
             ,
          
           as
           that
           there
           is
           nothing
           left
           to
           man
           but
           
             Mechanically
          
           to
           act
           ;
           nor
           yet
           can
           I
           resign
           my self
           to
           an
           absolute
           belief
           of
           that
           saying
           of
           
             Plato
             ,
          
           that
           
             To
             pray
             or
             fear
             is
             needlesse
             ,
             it
             being
             out
             of
             our
             power
             to
             prevail
             by
             either
             ,
          
           but
           I
           shal
           modestly
           affirm
           it
           ,
           that
           as
           I
           ever
           use
           to
           send
           up
           my
           prayers
           for
           the
           best
           things
           I
           could
           ,
           upon
           the
           emergencies
           of
           the
           severall
           times
           ,
           so
           upon
           the
           breaking
           out
           and
           discovery
           of
           every
           hidden
           Councell
           of
           above
           by
           some
           illustrious
           accident
           ,
           I
           have
           thrown
           my
           face
           upon
           the
           ground
           and
           submitted
           to
           it
           ,
           never
           examining
           the
           
             meanes
          
           by
           which
           it
           was
           brought
           to
           passe
           ,
           but
           the
           
             end
          
           to
           which
           it
           was
           brought
           ;
           for
           
           I
           cannot
           deny
           unto
           you
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           that
           reverence
           ,
           and
           resignation
           to
           my
           great
           Lord
           and
           Maker
           ,
           that
           as
           I
           believe
           every
           dispensation
           affords
           to
           me
           in
           particular
           ,
           (
           be
           it
           bitter
           or
           be
           it
           sweet
           )
           a
           means
           of
           that
           grand
           consummation
           of
           felicity
           ,
           which
           I
           am
           hereafter
           to
           endeavour
           and
           expect
           ,
           so
           even
           in
           politick
           bodies
           ,
           wherein
           so
           many
           dear
           to
           
             him
          
           are
           concerned
           ,
           he
           suffers
           not
           any
           Turn
           or
           Revolution
           ,
           but
           his
           
             Omnisciency
          
           directs
           it
           ,
           to
           the
           bettering
           or
           more
           happisying
           of
           that
           people
           .
        
         
           And
           truely
           in
           my
           apprehension
           this
           is
           done
           at
           this
           season
           ,
           and
           though
           you
           seem
           to
           stare
           at
           it
           ,
           as
           being
           unwilling
           to
           acknowledge
           that
           his
           hand
           is
           wise
           and
           powerfull
           ,
           yet
           methinks
           it
           were
           an
           argument
           wortheir
           of
           an
           
             Atheist
             ,
          
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           
             irregular
          
           actions
           proceed
           from
           a
           carelessnesse
           
             above
             ,
          
           than
           for
           a
           Christian
           to
           imagin
           that
           his
           designations
           in
           the
           altering
           the
           affairs
           of
           any
           State
           should
           not
           tend
           to
           a
           bettering
           of
           that
           State
           ,
           and
           that
           that
           power
           into
           which
           he
           puts
           it
           ,
           is
           not
           ,
           in
           his
           mind
           ,
           more
           fit
           and
           proper
           to
           manage
           it
           than
           that
           from
           which
           he
           took
           it
           ;
           for
           if
           a
           
             Fly
          
           fall
           not
           to
           the
           ground
           without
           his
           
             consent
             ,
          
           I
           beseech
           you
           what
           shall
           we
           consider
           of
           his
           
             care
          
           in
           the
           disposition
           of
           Millions
           of
           
             men
             ,
          
           things
           of
           his
           own
           image
           ,
           without
           a
           high
           disbelief
           and
           contempt
           of
           his
           providence
           ?
        
         
           Though
           I
           am
           not
           ignorant
           what
           some
           people
           ignorantly
           ,
           or
           peradventure
           
             splenetickly
          
           and
           
             maliciously
          
           say
           ,
           that
           he
           may
           suffer
           such
           things
           for
           the
           punishment
           of
           a
           people
           ,
           and
           for
           their
           
             reduction
             ,
          
           yet
           when
           I
           seriously
           consider
           it
           ,
           that
           as
           nothing
           but
           good
           can
           flow
           from
           that
           pure
           and
           
             simple
          
           Fountain
           of
           goodnesse
           ,
           so
           are
           his
           ways
           of
           
             Providence
             ,
          
           so
           far
           as
           purblind
           We
           can
           see
           .
           He
           chastises
           
             private
          
           men
           differently
           from
           
             publick
             bodies
             ,
          
           some
           that
           he
           dearly
           
             loves
             ,
          
           he
           
             afflicts
             ,
             purges
             ,
          
           and
           
             refines
             ,
          
           gives
           them
           heavinesse
           for
           a
           day
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           hereafter
           have
           an
           everlasting
           weight
           of
           glory
           .
           
             States
          
           he
           
           sometimes
           afflicts
           for
           their
           own
           sins
           ,
           sometimes
           for
           those
           of
           their
           Governours
           ,
           but
           still
           out
           of
           his
           mercy
           he
           considers
           those
           that
           are
           dear
           unto
           him
           ,
           and
           searches
           out
           if
           there
           be
           
             ten
          
           good
           in
           
             Sodom
             ,
          
           which
           if
           there
           be
           ,
           he
           carries
           them
           out
           of
           their
           Captivity
           into
           the
           Land
           of
           Promise
           .
        
         
           Out
           of
           these
           considerations
           I
           for
           my
           part
           humbly
           submit
           to
           this
           mysterious
           and
           sudden
           action
           ;
           and
           because
           I
           perceive
           you
           not
           so
           well
           satisfyed
           with
           it
           ,
           am
           content
           with
           what
           present
           reasons
           I
           can
           ,
           and
           out
           of
           my
           little
           intelligence
           ,
           and
           small
           understanding
           of
           things
           ,
           to
           give
           you
           an
           account
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           we
           are
           to
           consider
           ,
        
         
           First
           ,
           The
           manner
           of
           Government
           by
           the
           last
           Parliament
           ;
        
         
           Then
           the
           right
           of
           obedience
           to
           Superior
           Powers
           ;
           And
        
         
           Lastly
           ,
           the
           effects
           ,
           or
           events
           ,
           that
           may
           come
           upon
           the
           late
           change
           .
        
         
           For
           the
           first
           ,
           I
           confesse
           they
           were
           a
           people
           of
           
             miracles
             ,
          
           God
           made
           them
           gloriously
           instrumental
           in
           the
           rescuing
           of
           his
           people
           from
           bondage
           ,
           yet
           many
           of
           them
           were
           content
           to
           
             self-centre
             ,
          
           or
           to
           say
           better
           ,
           lay
           little
           designes
           for
           their
           own
           
             greatnesses
             ;
          
           so
           that
           ,
           while
           they
           seemed
           to
           look
           
             direct
          
           upon
           the
           
             publick
          
           Interest
           ,
           their
           businesse
           was
           to
           look
           
             asquint
          
           upon
           their
           
             own
             :
          
           as
           if
           they
           had
           been
           employ'd
           by
           their
           Country
           not
           to
           make
           up
           publick
           ,
           but
           private
           Breaches
           .
           Besides
           that
           ,
           the
           House
           being
           by
           the
           last
           
             purge
          
           made
           thin
           ,
           and
           few
           in
           a
           capacity
           to
           sit
           ,
           and
           fewer
           active
           ,
           (
           unlesse
           some
           that
           only
           trudg'd
           at
           Committees
           )
           there
           was
           an
           opportunity
           given
           them
           to
           become
           so
           familiar
           with
           one
           another
           ,
           that
           what
           by
           their
           
             Ordinary
          
           at
           
             Whitehall
             ,
          
           and
           what
           by
           their
           
             conferences
          
           at
           the
           
             Speakers
          
           chamber
           before
           the
           sitting
           of
           the
           House
           ,
           little
           was
           determined
           but
           out
           of
           
             design
          
           and
           
             faction
             :
             Oppositions
          
           and
           
             Conjunctions
          
           were
           laid
           ,
           
             private
             interests
          
           interven'd
           ,
           (
           and
           these
           commonly
           by
           way
           of
           exchange
           ,
           )
           needlesse
           things
           mightily
           insisted
           upon
           ,
           whilst
           thousands
           of
           poor
           
           
             Creditors
          
           and
           
             Petitioners
          
           starved
           at
           their
           door
           with
           their
           printed
           Papers
           ,
           unheard
           ,
           unregarded
           ,
           unlesse
           a
           crasty
           
             Sollicitor
          
           had
           
             undertaken
          
           (
           for
           it
           is
           a
           term
           I
           hear
           as
           common
           as
           
             practise
          
           among
           
             Lawyers
             )
          
           to
           
             make
          
           some
           
             Members
             ,
          
           and
           this
           with
           great
           expectation
           ,
           and
           with
           such
           successe
           ,
           as
           commonly
           taught
           them
           what
           it
           was
           to
           
             trust
             ;
          
           whilst
           all
           this
           time
           the
           House
           ,
           under
           whose
           hand
           this
           work
           lay
           ,
           were
           laboriously
           content
           to
           sit
           four
           times
           in
           a
           week
           ,
           and
           that
           much
           about
           the
           rate
           of
           2.
           or
           3.
           houres
           a
           day
           ,
           whereas
           the
           whole
           week
           had
           been
           time
           little
           enough
           for
           their
           work
           .
           And
           as
           for
           
             Committees
             ,
          
           unlesse
           they
           were
           either
           very
           standing
           ,
           or
           some
           Great
           Men
           notably
           engag'd
           ,
           there
           have
           been
           some
           men
           have
           attended
           
             nine
          
           or
           
             twelve
          
           moneths
           to
           bring
           one
           together
           ,
           and
           this
           possibly
           for
           an
           adjournment
           of
           as
           long
           a
           time
           .
           And
           I
           beseech
           you
           ,
           Sir
           ,
           consider
           ,
           that
           though
           some
           wholesom
           Laws
           they
           made
           ,
           and
           many
           happy
           actions
           have
           been
           done
           under
           them
           ,
           yet
           God
           hath
           some
           precious
           Instruments
           still
           over-ruling
           these
           odd
           designs
           &
           combinatons
           ,
           which
           are
           otherwise
           privately
           hatch'd
           by
           some
           corrupt
           ones
           among
           them
           .
           What
           these
           men
           have
           done
           as
           to
           
             Establishment
          
           and
           
             Liberty
             ,
          
           I
           am
           to
           confesse
           they
           have
           altered
           the
           Titles
           of
           
             Writs
             ,
          
           they
           have
           told
           us
           we
           have
           a
           
             Commonwealth
             ,
          
           but
           for
           any
           
             essential
          
           fruits
           thereof
           ,
           a
           man
           may
           
             (
             drolling
             )
          
           say
           ,
           they
           have
           cut
           off
           the
           head
           of
           a
           
             King
             ,
          
           and
           set
           a
           
             Commonwealth
          
           upon
           his
           shoulders
           ,
           which
           like
           
             Epistemon
          
           in
           
             Rabelais
          
           (
           who
           was
           beheaded
           in
           a
           fight
           )
           are
           so
           finely
           
             sewed
          
           together
           ,
           that
           they
           return
           out
           of
           
             Hel
             ,
          
           and
           tell
           things
           that
           they
           did
           there
           .
        
         
           For
           to
           speak
           freely
           ,
           what
           they
           did
           for
           us
           was
           very
           inconsiderable
           ,
           and
           with
           such
           a
           
             Spanish
          
           slownesse
           ,
           that
           unlesse
           either
           some
           particular
           Interest
           ,
           or
           some
           immediate
           Necessity
           enforc'd
           them
           to
           hast
           ,
           it
           was
           a
           common
           difficulty
           of
           a
           year
           or
           two
           to
           get
           passe
           an
           
             Act.
          
           If
           this
           had
           been
           out
           of
           
             grave
          
           consideration
           ,
           or
           any
           laudable
           and
           politick
           
             providence
             ,
          
           the
           
           present
           Age
           might
           have
           been
           content
           ,
           and
           Posterity
           made
           happier
           :
           But
           it
           was
           either
           their
           work
           ,
           or
           made
           it
           appear
           their
           work
           ,
           to
           
             spin
          
           out
           the
           time
           ,
           wast
           the
           day
           in
           the
           tossing
           of
           a
           Feather
           ,
           and
           then
           came
           in
           some
           motion
           of
           an
           old
           
             Grandee
             ,
          
           who
           had
           so
           much
           a
           year
           given
           him
           for
           resigning
           up
           an
           
             illegal
          
           Office
           ;
           or
           stood
           up
           some
           other
           ,
           who
           brought
           old
           
             arrears
             ,
          
           (
           which
           it
           may
           be
           the
           poor
           
             Souldiery
          
           was
           never
           satisfied
           for
           )
           and
           for
           this
           ,
           he
           must
           have
           such
           a
           sum
           of
           money
           out
           of
           
             Discoveries
             ,
          
           by
           which
           some
           Countryman
           or
           other
           must
           be
           brought
           into
           vexation
           ,
           and
           forc'd
           to
           compound
           ;
           The
           
             publick
          
           businesse
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           was
           commonly
           
             pre-disposed
          
           on
           in
           the
           
             Speakers
          
           Chamber
           ,
           and
           ordinarily
           at
           the
           speaking
           of
           the
           
             Cue
             ,
          
           (
           which
           was
           the
           usuall
           business
           of
           some
           shallow
           Fellow
           put
           upon
           it
           )
           confirm'd
           and
           transacted
           .
           And
           as
           for
           
             Petitions
             ,
          
           they
           had
           such
           a
           rare
           and
           excellent
           faculty
           of
           dispatching
           them
           ,
           that
           I
           believe
           there
           have
           been
           10000.
           
           Petitions
           offered
           to
           them
           ,
           that
           could
           never
           be
           read
           ,
           half
           as
           many
           read
           ,
           that
           received
           none
           but
           delatory
           answers
           at
           Committees
           ,
           and
           I
           doubt
           as
           many
           more
           were
           deterr'd
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           meer
           consideration
           of
           the
           successe
           of
           others
           .
           But
           you
           will
           say
           ,
           they
           set
           up
           a
           
             Committee
             for
             Petitions
             ,
          
           I
           grant
           you
           they
           did
           ,
           but
           it
           was
           with
           such
           
             Rules
             ,
          
           and
           such
           
             Restrictions
             ,
          
           that
           I
           believe
           it
           very
           impossible
           to
           make
           any
           person
           appear
           that
           was
           thereby
           benefited
           .
        
         
           Thus
           much
           to
           them
           as
           a
           
             Body
             ,
          
           to
           break
           it
           in
           pieces
           ,
           and
           look
           on
           it
           in
           the
           individual
           ,
           he
           were
           a
           dis-ingenuous
           man
           that
           would
           not
           confesse
           ,
           that
           there
           have
           been
           among
           them
           as
           
             brave
          
           men
           ,
           as
           
             wise
          
           and
           worthy
           
             Patriots
             ,
          
           as
           any
           Nation
           ever
           had
           .
           But
           yet
           if
           you
           will
           take
           into
           your
           Remembrance
           ,
           that
           there
           have
           been
           many
           Lands
           sold
           ,
           first
           the
           
             Bishops
             ,
          
           then
           the
           
             Dean
             and
             Chapters
             ,
          
           then
           the
           
             King's
          
           ,
           
             Queen's
          
           ,
           and
           
             Prince's
          
           ,
           then
           the
           
             Fee-farms
             ,
          
           (
           the
           
             Forest
             Lands
          
           too
           coming
           on
           )
           then
           the
           
             Delinquents
             ,
          
           and
           all
           these
           to
           be
           doubled
           upon
           (
           a
           
           touch
           whereof
           I
           shall
           give
           you
           anon
           by
           way
           of
           digression
           )
           and
           all
           this
           to
           be
           dispatched
           by
           
             Trustees
          
           nominated
           by
           the
           
             Parliament
             ;
          
           you
           must
           needs
           think
           there
           was
           very
           notable
           carriage
           in
           this
           Businesse
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           Profit
           of
           the
           
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           For
           first
           ,
           3
           
             d.
             per
          
           pound
           must
           be
           allowed
           in
           point
           of
           purchase
           ;
           then
           you
           had
           
             Registers
          
           (
           who
           constantly
           dispatched
           by
           Deputie
           )
           at
           
             high
          
           Fees
           ,
           and
           their
           
             Under-Officers
          
           as
           
             cunning
          
           and
           as
           
             ravenous
          
           as
           those
           of
           the
           
             old
          
           Courts
           .
           Then
           must
           
             march
          
           forth
           an
           
             Army
          
           of
           ignorant
           and
           unlearned
           
             Surveyors
             ,
          
           and
           these
           at
           20
           sh
           .
           
             per
             diem
             ,
          
           to
           return
           Surveys
           sometimes
           low
           ,
           in
           the
           favour
           of
           some
           noble
           Gentleman
           ,
           in
           whose
           eye
           it
           was
           to
           purchase
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           excessively
           high
           ,
           for
           to
           over-ballance
           the
           other
           ;
           (
           besides
           the
           
             Kings
          
           Lands
           ,
           which
           being
           allotted
           for
           the
           payment
           of
           the
           
             Souldiery
             ,
          
           were
           commonly
           over-valued
           by
           one
           half
           ,
           )
           whilst
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           a
           single
           
             Mathematician
          
           did
           properly
           all
           their
           work
           to
           their
           hands
           ;
           and
           all
           this
           ,
           besides
           a
           pestilent
           sort
           of
           people
           called
           
             Messengers
             ,
          
           &c.
           who
           
             intangled
          
           rights
           ,
           
             disturbed
          
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           carried
           on
           the
           businesse
           so
           excellently
           well
           ,
           that
           possibly
           much
           about
           one
           half
           might
           by
           their
           endeavours
           be
           brought
           into
           the
           Coffers
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           .
        
         
           After
           the
           return
           of
           this
           Survey
           ,
           so
           laudably
           perform'd
           as
           I
           have
           described
           to
           you
           ,
           an
           honest
           
             Member
          
           casts
           a
           
             sheeps-eye
          
           at
           such
           a
           Manour
           .
           Marry
           then
           he
           goes
           to
           
             Gurney-house
             ,
          
           sends
           in
           
             his
             name
             ,
          
           and
           tels
           them
           he
           was
           to
           attend
           the
           Parliament
           immediately
           ;
           upon
           that
           he
           is
           called
           in
           ,
           though
           other
           people
           had
           been
           design'd
           ,
           and
           other
           businesse
           directed
           for
           that
           time
           ;
           and
           by
           his
           
             authority
             ,
          
           or
           
             friends
          
           at
           the
           Table
           (
           for
           he
           that
           had
           a
           hand
           in
           placing
           them
           there
           ,
           must
           needs
           have
           favour
           from
           them
           )
           makes
           a
           Contract
           as
           low
           as
           possible
           ,
           gets
           it
           may
           be
           so
           long
           time
           ,
           as
           that
           he
           may
           pay
           for
           the
           
           Manour
           out
           of
           the
           
             Mansion-house
             ,
          
           or
           the
           
             Woods
             ;
          
           and
           by
           this
           means
           it
           is
           incredible
           to
           what
           Estates
           some
           have
           raised
           themselves
           .
           One
           of
           them
           who
           was
           a
           Brewers
           Clark
           ,
           his
           man
           was
           heard
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           he
           thank'd
           God
           his
           Master
           had
           now
           800
           l.
           a
           year
           .
           Another
           Gentleman
           having
           not
           an
           over-considerable
           Fortune
           before
           ,
           hath
           made
           it
           10.
           or
           12000
           l.
           a
           year
           ,
           and
           hath
           been
           heard
           to
           say
           ,
           (
           as
           I
           am
           informed
           )
           That
           he
           had
           more
           Land
           than
           any
           man
           in
           
             England
             .
          
           Another
           comming
           out
           of
           a
           
             Draper's
          
           shop
           at
           
             York
             ,
          
           hath
           convey'd
           himself
           into
           an
           Estate
           in
           Possession
           and
           Reversion
           of
           above
           5000
           l.
           a
           year
           .
           But
           examples
           of
           this
           kind
           are
           innumerable
           .
        
         
           This
           brings
           me
           on
           to
           tell
           you
           ,
           That
           the
           
             Commonwealth
          
           hath
           been
           as
           
             just
          
           and
           as
           
             unjust
          
           in
           point
           of
           their
           debts
           ,
           as
           't
           is
           possible
           for
           men
           to
           be
           ;
           
             just
          
           they
           were
           in
           providing
           satisfaction
           for
           their
           Creditors
           ;
           
             unjust
          
           they
           were
           in
           delay
           of
           time
           ,
           and
           the
           little
           satisfaction
           they
           received
           by
           it
           .
           For
           was
           it
           not
           an
           unreasonable
           thing
           ,
           that
           20
           l.
           really
           
             lent
          
           out
           ,
           or
           (
           which
           is
           as
           good
           )
           
             earn'd
             ,
          
           should
           be
           reduced
           to
           so
           many
           Twenty-pences
           ,
           or
           Two-shilings's
           ?
           yet
           the
           
             Commonwealth
          
           pays
           it
           to
           the
           
             full
             ,
          
           with
           
             Interest
             ,
          
           whilst
           the
           
             needy
          
           Creditor
           happly
           is
           glad
           to
           preserve
           
             life
          
           by
           that
           means
           ;
           whereas
           men
           that
           had
           money
           ,
           
             doubling
          
           thus
           ,
           (
           a
           way
           indeed
           at
           first
           thought
           on
           for
           better
           advance
           ,
           but
           since
           proving
           to
           the
           destruction
           of
           the
           Creditor
           )
           and
           
             traffiquing
          
           with
           accepted
           
             Bils
             ,
          
           either
           made
           a
           shift
           to
           make
           70
           or
           80
           
             per
             cent
             .
          
           of
           their
           moneys
           ,
           or
           if
           they
           had
           any
           hearts
           for
           the
           Parliament
           (
           which
           was
           not
           common
           )
           were
           content
           to
           take
           
             improveable
          
           Lands
           as
           5
           years
           purchase
           ,
           or
           thereabouts
           :
           So
           that
           many
           people
           of
           very
           inconsiderable
           Fortunes
           ,
           have
           now
           prodigiously
           arriv'd
           to
           vast
           Estates
           .
           I
           know
           one
           ,
           formerly
           not
           worth
           16
           score
           pounds
           in
           all
           the
           world
           ,
           now
           by
           valuatiō
           of
           the
           Country
           
           where
           he
           lives
           ,
           worth
           1600
           pound
           a
           year
           .
           Others
           I
           have
           known
           worth
           nothing
           at
           all
           ,
           that
           now
           can
           reckon
           to
           5
           and
           600
           pound
           
             per
             annnm
             .
          
           But
           you
           may
           tell
           me
           again
           ,
           that
           this
           is
           no
           Argument
           against
           a
           
             Government
             .
          
           I
           say
           it
           is
           a
           good
           one
           against
           the
           
             Governors
             ,
          
           since
           they
           are
           so
           palpably
           
             engag'd
          
           in
           it
           .
        
         
           By
           this
           time
           I
           conceive
           you
           to
           be
           of
           opinion
           that
           things
           were
           not
           so
           
             admirably
          
           well
           governed
           ,
           yet
           many
           things
           being
           matters
           of
           
             private
          
           sufferings
           ,
           many
           
             honest
          
           hearts
           were
           content
           to
           sit
           down
           ,
           and
           
             groan
          
           under
           their
           own
           
             misery
             ,
          
           rather
           than
           interrupt
           such
           
             publick
          
           proceedings
           ,
           as
           they
           saw
           God
           so
           eminently
           glorified
           in
           .
           But
           when
           we
           had
           reduced
           our
           enemies
           abroad
           ,
           and
           brought
           them
           upon
           their
           knees
           ,
           and
           began
           to
           entertain
           hopes
           of
           a
           future
           peace
           ,
           and
           established
           liberty
           ,
           we
           were
           diverted
           by
           other
           designs
           ,
           and
           the
           businesse
           was
           ,
           how
           to
           continue
           a
           
             lazy
          
           unactive
           power
           ,
           not
           to
           
             remedy
          
           the
           sufferings
           of
           a
           Nation
           .
           This
           brought
           the
           
             Army
          
           into
           Consulation
           ,
           a
           sort
           of
           men
           whom
           God
           hath
           so
           singularly
           own'd
           ,
           and
           crown'd
           by
           so
           many
           remarkable
           successes
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           easily
           perceivable
           that
           God
           intended
           by
           them
           to
           do
           strange
           things
           .
           These
           as
           free
           people
           first
           declar'd
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           assert
           our
           liberties
           ,
           and
           since
           did
           not
           only
           rescue
           but
           protect
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           assist
           them
           in
           the
           late
           grand
           Negotiations
           .
           
             without
          
           them
           ,
           they
           might
           have
           been
           exposed
           to
           the
           affronts
           of
           the
           multitude
           ,
           and
           as
           in-effective
           as
           against
           the
           
             Prentises
          
           when
           they
           shut
           up
           the
           door
           ;
           
             with
          
           them
           they
           have
           done
           marvelously
           .
           Now
           the
           case
           stands
           thus
           ,
           The
           
             Liberty
          
           of
           the
           People
           being
           recovered
           by
           the
           
             Sword
             ,
          
           that
           is
           to
           say
           by
           the
           
             Army
             ,
          
           this
           Army
           continuing
           as
           a
           
             Mediator
             ,
          
           or
           (
           if
           a
           man
           may
           say
           so
           )
           a
           
             Supervisor
          
           of
           the
           Peoples
           Liberties
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           proper
           for
           them
           to
           see
           that
           no
           encroachment
           may
           be
           done
           thereupon
           .
           But
           here
           
           comes
           the
           pinch
           ,
           the
           
             Parliament
          
           have
           not
           satisfied
           the
           
             People
             ,
          
           neither
           by
           effectuall
           Laws
           ,
           nor
           vigorous
           proceedings
           ,
           the
           People
           are
           discontented
           ;
           the
           Army
           want
           not
           their
           resentments
           ,
           they
           are
           moved
           for
           a
           new
           Parliament
           ,
           (
           but
           
             irregular
          
           motions
           move
           slowly
           )
           they
           trifle
           it
           off
           two
           or
           three
           years
           ,
           and
           frivolously
           
             debate
          
           it
           into
           a
           necessity
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           provide
           the
           businesse
           so
           ,
           as
           that
           their
           Kingdom
           may
           stand
           ,
           and
           others
           sit
           with
           them
           upon
           the
           Throne
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           like
           
             Theseus
          
           his
           ship
           ,
           perpetually
           to
           be
           peeced
           ,
           and
           made
           into
           the
           same
           .
           But
           this
           neither
           stands
           with
           the
           
             fundamentall
          
           right
           of
           a
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           nor
           established
           
             Liberty
             .
          
           For
           if
           you
           will
           allow
           a
           
             Common-wealth
             ,
          
           you
           cannot
           allow
           any
           thing
           more
           
             destructive
          
           to
           it
           ,
           than
           the
           Continuation
           of
           many
           men
           in
           the
           same
           power
           ,
           especially
           unlimited
           and
           supreme
           .
           For
           otherwise
           knowledg
           of
           
             Faces
             ,
             Acquaintance
             ,
             Familiartty
             ,
          
           and
           those
           little
           
             intrigues
          
           men
           will
           make
           ,
           though
           they
           hate
           one
           another
           ,
           will
           bring
           all
           to
           Ruine
           .
        
         
           But
           yet
           such
           a
           
             design
          
           as
           this
           were
           they
           about
           ,
           and
           when
           they
           saw
           that
           a
           
             necessity
          
           was
           upon
           them
           for
           to
           break
           up
           at
           last
           ,
           they
           then
           came
           down
           to
           the
           third
           of
           November
           this
           year
           ,
           but
           the
           
             Act
          
           which
           had
           been
           3
           years
           a
           hammering
           ,
           was
           so
           warily
           provided
           ,
           that
           what
           in
           point
           of
           
             Electors
          
           and
           
             Elected
             ,
          
           we
           should
           have
           been
           within
           a
           month
           after
           the
           
             new
          
           Parliament
           in
           a
           worse
           condition
           than
           we
           had
           been
           during
           the
           sitting
           of
           the
           
             old
             .
          
           They
           that
           were
           to
           be
           
             Electors
             ,
          
           were
           People
           that
           had
           not
           
             forfeited
          
           their
           
             Liberty
             ,
          
           which
           in
           English
           is
           rendred
           thus
           ,
           People
           it
           may
           be
           
             un●ble
             ,
             uncapable
             ,
             malignant
             ,
          
           and
           
             malicious
          
           enough
           ,
           though
           such
           as
           never
           offended
           the
           State
           ,
           but
           in
           their
           Ale
           ;
           these
           to
           be
           
             Elected
             ,
             men
             that
             had
             constantly
             been
             true
             to
             the
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           This
           if
           the
           malice
           and
           cunning
           of
           men
           can
           do
           any
           thing
           ,
           will
           amount
           
           to
           as
           much
           as
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           many
           
             Malignants
          
           who
           from
           their
           very
           hearts
           and
           souls
           hated
           the
           
             Cause
             ,
          
           and
           all
           its
           Dependances
           ,
           yet
           in
           point
           of
           Interest
           and
           profit
           ,
           having
           engaged
           in
           it
           ,
           might
           have
           been
           brought
           in
           .
           Besides
           that
           the
           
             Presbyterian
          
           Party
           (
           which
           is
           meerly
           a
           
             Jesuit
          
           in
           a
           
             Genevah
          
           cloak
           ,
           but
           somewhat
           more
           insupportable
           )
           may
           by
           this
           rule
           all
           come
           in
           .
           For
           they
           may
           have
           vigorously
           acted
           at
           the
           first
           ,
           whilst
           they
           thought
           the
           Beer
           which
           was
           a
           brewing
           might
           be
           their
           own
           mornings
           draught
           ,
           but
           seeing
           it
           was
           provided
           for
           others
           ,
           they
           took
           
             snuff
             ,
          
           and
           forsook
           the
           
             House
             ,
          
           nay
           and
           are
           become
           enemies
           ;
           so
           that
           upon
           this
           account
           ,
           instead
           of
           bringing
           a
           select
           Company
           of
           honest
           Gentlemen
           to
           debate
           together
           ,
           we
           should
           have
           brought
           so
           many
           Bandogs
           to
           have
           travers'd
           Factions
           .
           For
           what
           other
           could
           we
           expect
           when
           men
           of
           such
           humors
           and
           tempers
           should
           necessarily
           meet
           ?
        
         
           This
           you
           will
           say
           ,
           might
           be
           prevented
           by
           examining
           the
           returns
           of
           the
           
             Writs
             .
          
           Suppose
           it
           .
           But
           here
           is
           first
           ,
           an
           impossibility
           to
           that
           end
           ,
           as
           who
           can
           discover
           a
           mans
           heart
           ?
           who
           a
           mans
           ways
           ?
           who
           can
           judge
           that
           a
           Convert
           is
           reall
           ,
           or
           absolutely
           assure
           himself
           ,
           that
           another
           man
           is
           not
           an
           hypocrite
           ?
           for
           things
           of
           another
           mans
           bosom
           is
           matter
           of
           the
           nicest
           scruple
           in
           the
           World
           ;
           and
           an
           exact
           hypocrite
           may
           deceive
           the
           most
           cautious
           and
           nice
           Counsail
           that
           can
           be
           made
           among
           men
           .
           Yet
           supposing
           this
           businesse
           feasible
           ,
           here
           arises
           another
           question
           ,
           Whether
           the
           Peoples
           right
           or
           no
           ,
           in
           point
           of
           Election
           ,
           be
           not
           extinguish'd
           by
           this
           
             supervising
             ?
          
           (
           for
           as
           yet
           I
           cannot
           find
           any
           other
           word
           for
           it
           .
           )
           For
           either
           they
           have
           a
           right
           of
           
             liberty
          
           to
           choose
           ,
           or
           not
           ,
           but
           both
           
             Parliament
          
           and
           
             Army
          
           have
           declared
           they
           have
           ;
           therefore
           their
           election
           is
           good
           :
           But
           if
           there
           be
           a
           power
           
             paramount
          
           to
           
             allow
          
           or
           
             disallow
          
           of
           this
           Election
           ,
           (
           which
           supposing
           an
           examination
           of
           the
           returns
           of
           the
           
             Writs
             ,
          
           you
           must
           needs
           
           grant
           ,
           otherwise
           it
           will
           be
           in
           vain
           to
           examine
           them
           )
           then
           that
           
             Election
          
           of
           theirs
           signifies
           nothing
           ;
           For
           if
           I
           in
           a
           
             Case
             of
             Law
          
           choose
           my
           
             Arbitrator
             ,
          
           and
           the
           Judge
           ,
           or
           a
           third
           party
           hath
           power
           to
           
             allow
          
           or
           
             disallow
          
           him
           ,
           I
           cannot
           properly
           be
           said
           to
           have
           a
           
             choice
             ,
          
           because
           
             choice
          
           is
           an
           effect
           of
           
             Freedom
             ,
          
           and
           
             Freedom
          
           and
           
             Controlment
          
           are
           things
           that
           cannot
           consist
           together
           .
           So
           that
           hence
           it
           will
           amount
           ,
           that
           this
           provision
           was
           weak
           and
           not
           of
           assurance
           enough
           to
           our
           purpose
           ,
           and
           if
           two
           inconveniences
           were
           to
           be
           run
           upon
           ,
           it
           were
           much
           better
           to
           run
           upon
           the
           lesse
           .
        
         
           This
           is
           an
           Hypothesis
           ,
           I
           see
           not
           how
           it
           could
           be
           salved
           otherwise
           than
           by
           choosing
           such
           
             idoneous
          
           persons
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           such
           a
           number
           as
           might
           carry
           on
           the
           work
           ;
           for
           though
           
             multitude
             of
             Counsellors
          
           is
           strength
           and
           safety
           ,
           yet
           in
           
             distemper'd
          
           and
           turning
           States
           it
           is
           weaknesse
           and
           
             distraction
             ;
          
           And
           these
           such
           kind
           of
           men
           as
           are
           fit
           to
           have
           the
           reigns
           of
           a
           Nation
           in
           their
           hands
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           by
           a
           swift
           and
           due
           prosecution
           of
           
             Justice
          
           should
           satisfie
           the
           people
           ,
           what
           it
           is
           to
           be
           free
           .
           This
           is
           a
           businesse
           either
           to
           be
           done
           by
           the
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           by
           the
           
             People
             ,
          
           or
           by
           the
           
             Army
             .
          
           The
           first
           like
           cunning
           
             Brokers
          
           would
           not
           do
           it
           ;
           The
           second
           like
           troublesome
           
             Ideots
          
           cannot
           do
           it
           ,
           and
           the
           third
           as
           wise
           Guardians
           must
           do
           it
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           though
           this
           
             change
          
           may
           carry
           much
           in
           it
           as
           to
           appearance
           of
           
             fear
          
           and
           
             terror
             ,
          
           yet
           when
           a
           man
           will
           consider
           these
           two
           things
           ,
           that
           the
           Liberty
           of
           his
           Nation
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           dearest
           thing
           to
           him
           under
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           that
           without
           these
           men
           and
           means
           it
           cannot
           be
           preserved
           ,
           (
           for
           take
           away
           the
           force
           that
           protects
           us
           ,
           all
           our
           enemies
           shall
           flow
           in
           upon
           us
           )
           he
           must
           necessarily
           grant
           a
           submission
           to
           what
           they
           do
           .
           For
           he
           that
           hath
           power
           to
           
             command
             ,
          
           hath
           also
           power
           to
           
             guide
             ,
          
           theone
           without
           the
           other
           being
           insignificant
           .
        
         
         
           And
           therefore
           since
           we
           are
           in
           a
           Tempest
           ,
           let
           us
           come
           to
           this
           Rock
           (
           to
           speak
           at
           the
           harshliest
           )
           rather
           than
           perish
           .
           For
           you
           cannot
           conceive
           but
           the
           worst
           Government
           in
           the
           world
           is
           infinitely
           better
           than
           none
           at
           all
           ;
           or
           to
           speak
           a
           little
           closelyer
           ,
           an
           ill
           Government
           well
           manag'd
           ,
           may
           be
           much
           better
           than
           a
           completer
           form
           of
           Government
           ill
           manag'd
           ,
           people
           still
           judging
           by
           their
           
             Safety
             ,
          
           or
           
             Liberty
             ,
          
           or
           
             Civill
          
           advantages
           ,
           the
           effects
           not
           only
           of
           their
           Government
           but
           Rulers
           .
        
         
           For
           matter
           of
           
             change
          
           of
           
             Government
             ,
          
           lest
           you
           may
           be
           dissatisfied
           ,
           I
           have
           thus
           much
           briefly
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           considering
           the
           actions
           of
           the
           late
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           and
           their
           
             dissolution
             ,
          
           we
           are
           to
           remember
           by
           what
           means
           they
           were
           called
           ,
           and
           for
           what
           end
           .
           They
           were
           called
           at
           first
           by
           a
           
             Writ
          
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           that
           by
           the
           ordinary
           summons
           of
           a
           Writ
           ,
           and
           that
           on
           the
           Kings
           part
           compulsively
           .
           But
           God
           that
           hath
           a
           mind
           to
           do
           much
           out
           of
           little
           ,
           so
           prospered
           them
           ,
           that
           by
           an
           Act
           of
           the
           whole
           Parliament
           as
           then
           it
           stood
           ,
           they
           were
           enabled
           to
           sit
           till
           they
           should
           dissolve
           themselves
           .
           T
           is
           a
           question
           worthy
           the
           resolution
           of
           a
           
             Lawyer
             ,
          
           whether
           these
           men
           sitting
           by
           
             that
          
           Authority
           ,
           were
           not
           tyed
           to
           follow
           exactly
           the
           
             Rules
          
           of
           it
           ?
           For
           certainly
           every
           
             Law
          
           or
           
             Commission
          
           ties
           according
           to
           the
           
             Intent
             .
          
           They
           thought
           fit
           to
           throw
           out
           the
           Lords
           
             spirituall
             ,
             alias
             Bishops
             ;
          
           they
           manage
           a
           War
           against
           the
           
             King
          
           upon
           their
           own
           
             Authority
             ,
          
           and
           by
           vertue
           of
           
             that
          
           Act
           ;
           they
           were
           purg'd
           of
           
             Malignant
          
           or
           
             Ill-affected
          
           Members
           ,
           by
           the
           Army
           ,
           (
           whose
           duty
           it
           was
           to
           interpose
           in
           so
           dangerous
           a
           time
           )
           and
           at
           last
           declared
           and
           established
           a
           
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           Thus
           did
           they
           act
           ,
           and
           that
           to
           the
           eternall
           Renown
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           for
           four
           years
           together
           ;
           But
           ,
           when
           dieases
           grew
           upon
           them
           (
           as
           all
           
             sedentary
          
           Bodies
           are
           slow
           and
           
             unactive
             )
          
           there
           appear'd
           such
           a
           lazinesse
           
           in
           the
           execution
           of
           that
           power
           ,
           such
           a
           
             Lethargy
          
           as
           to
           Act
           in
           the
           
             right
          
           of
           the
           
             Nation
             ,
          
           that
           
             these
          
           immortal
           persons
           ,
           whose
           blood
           had
           been
           stirr'd
           or
           spill'd
           in
           their
           
             Cause
             ,
          
           began
           to
           awake
           ,
           and
           remember
           for
           whom
           they
           had
           done
           so
           great
           things
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           for
           the
           People
           .
           And
           therefore
           ,
           they
           being
           (
           as
           I
           have
           said
           )
           
             Arbitrators
             ,
          
           men
           whose
           eys
           were
           open
           ,
           and
           Consciences
           not
           branded
           ,
           rise
           up
           ,
           and
           begun
           to
           look
           and
           consider
           in
           what
           condition
           the
           People
           was
           ,
           whereof
           they
           were
           a
           part
           ;
           and
           therefore
           ,
           when
           neither
           
             Addresses
             ,
             Reasons
             ,
             proposalls
             ,
          
           nor
           
             Petitions
             ,
          
           of
           a
           long
           time
           could
           prevaile
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           strange
           at
           all
           if
           they
           were
           forced
           to
           that
           of
           the
           Physician
           
             Vre
             &
             Seca
             .
          
        
         
           I
           know
           your
           Objection
           before
           hand
           ,
           that
           the
           action
           of
           the
           
             Lord
             Generall
          
           in
           the
           Dissolution
           was
           somewhat
           
             rough
             ,
          
           and
           
             Barbarous
             ,
          
           and
           I
           shall
           not
           trouble
           you
           with
           a
           long
           Answer
           ,
           That
           ,
           as
           to
           his
           
             Person
             ,
          
           as
           he
           hath
           in
           the
           Field
           declared
           himself
           one
           of
           the
           Noblest
           
             assertors
          
           of
           our
           
             Liberty
             ,
          
           and
           as
           great
           an
           enlarger
           of
           our
           Territories
           as
           ever
           was
           ,
           so
           as
           for
           any
           particular
           
             designs
          
           of
           his
           own
           in
           point
           of
           
             Government
             ,
          
           it
           must
           be
           a
           
             scrutiny
          
           greater
           than
           
             humane
          
           that
           can
           discover
           ,
           how
           he
           either
           intended
           to
           
             invade
          
           us
           ,
           or
           to
           make
           us
           a
           prey
           to
           any
           
             ambition
          
           of
           his
           .
           And
           therefore
           if
           upon
           this
           grand
           
             Revolution
             ,
          
           he
           might
           appear
           to
           his
           enemies
           
             passionate
             ,
          
           yet
           considering
           the
           
             extremities
          
           that
           
             great
          
           minds
           fall
           into
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           
             trust
          
           committed
           to
           him
           ,
           it
           will
           appear
           nothing
           but
           the
           discharge
           of
           that
           
             duty
          
           that
           lay
           upon
           him
           .
           To
           have
           done
           such
           a
           thing
           as
           a
           
             single
          
           Generall
           ,
           wants
           neither
           example
           nor
           president
           (
           but
           I
           would
           not
           injure
           an
           argument
           in
           a
           Letter
           by
           the
           by
           ,
           which
           I
           could
           make
           good
           in
           a
           whole
           Treatise
           .
           )
           For
           you
           may
           remember
           that
           of
           
             Caesar
          
           to
           
             Metellus
          
           the
           
             Tribune
             ,
             Young
             man
          
           (
           sayes
           he
           )
           
             't
             was
             easier
             for
             me
          
           
           
             to
             say
             this
             than
             to
             do
             it
             ,
          
           a
           speech
           (
           sayes
           Sir
           
             Francis
             Bacon
             )
          
           both
           the
           proudest
           and
           the
           mildest
           that
           ever
           came
           out
           of
           the
           mouth
           of
           Man
           :
           For
           at
           that
           time
           he
           was
           breaking
           open
           the
           
             Sacred
             Treasury
             ,
          
           which
           by
           ▪
           the
           Lawes
           was
           not
           to
           be
           broken
           open
           .
           But
           it
           is
           otherwise
           here
           ,
           this
           was
           not
           a
           rash
           precipitate
           Act
           of
           his
           ,
           but
           a
           
             Trust
             ,
          
           and
           
             Result
          
           of
           those
           under
           him
           .
           T
           was
           fit
           he
           that
           was
           the
           most
           eminent
           should
           appear
           ,
           and
           he
           as
           civilly
           without
           noise
           or
           disturbance
           did
           it
           .
           And
           therefore
           Acting
           by
           their
           
             Votes
             ,
          
           and
           by
           their
           
             consents
             ,
          
           it
           was
           
             their
          
           action
           as
           well
           as
           
             his
             ;
          
           and
           it
           was
           no
           more
           
             his
          
           action
           than
           it
           is
           the
           action
           of
           the
           
             Head
          
           moved
           by
           
             Tendons
          
           and
           
             Muscles
          
           which
           are
           parts
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           and
           without
           which
           the
           Head
           it self
           could
           not
           possibly
           at
           all
           move
           .
        
         
           So
           that
           here
           it
           comes
           to
           a
           Question
           ,
           Whether
           it
           be
           better
           for
           us
           to
           be
           in
           
             Slavery
          
           under
           the
           name
           of
           
             Liberty
             ,
          
           or
           in
           
             Liberty
          
           under
           the
           
             effects
          
           of
           
             Slavery
             .
          
           I
           have
           told
           my
           thoughts
           before
           ,
           in
           what
           condition
           I
           conceiv'd
           our
           Liberty
           was
           ,
           and
           I
           repeat
           it
           once
           again
           ,
           that
           I
           think
           this
           present
           is
           the
           better
           expedient
           .
           For
           supposing
           that
           the
           severall
           
             Counties
          
           should
           withdraw
           their
           severall
           
             Members
          
           (
           for
           I
           suppose
           they
           could
           not
           of
           late
           pretend
           to
           sit
           by
           
             VVrit
             )
          
           certainly
           they
           would
           never
           have
           made
           a
           
             Quorum
          
           in
           Parliament
           ;
           and
           suppose
           they
           should
           call
           them
           to
           account
           ,
           where
           had
           one
           Authority
           without
           the
           consent
           of
           all
           the
           Counties
           ,
           or
           rather
           all
           People
           capable
           to
           demand
           it
           from
           them
           ?
           And
           if
           you
           will
           say
           that
           the
           
             Liberty
          
           of
           the
           
             People
          
           by
           this
           meanes
           is
           
             stifled
             ,
          
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           again
           ,
           it
           is
           
           only
           
             suspended
             ,
          
           't
           is
           a
           Sword
           taken
           out
           of
           a
           
             Mad
          
           Mans
           hand
           ,
           till
           he
           recover
           his
           
             senses
             ;
          
           and
           therefore
           ,
           till
           we
           be
           
             S●lted
             ,
             Coagulated
             ,
          
           or
           
             Centred
             ,
          
           (
           call
           it
           what
           you
           please
           )
           it
           is
           
             Tantum
             non
             impossibile
          
           for
           to
           lose
           such
           a
           
             Liberty
          
           of
           choosing
           a
           
             Representative
          
           as
           a
           Rationall
           Man
           may
           expect
           good
           from
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           a
           scruple
           that
           hath
           vex'd
           many
           People
           ,
           how
           and
           in
           what
           manner
           ,
           or
           whether
           or
           no
           ,
           we
           are
           to
           obey
           new
           Governments
           ,
           (
           this
           is
           the
           second
           point
           I
           proposed
           )
           and
           this
           comes
           by
           reason
           of
           
             Oathes
          
           impos'd
           by
           Governours
           ,
           who
           think
           thereby
           to
           chain
           Men
           to
           them
           ,
           whereas
           if
           we
           consider
           it
           ,
           promissory
           and
           obligatory
           ,
           Oathes
           tye
           private
           men
           ,
           
             Semper
             &
             ad
             semper
             ,
          
           (
           as
           the
           
             School-men
          
           tell
           me
           )
           whereas
           
             obedience
          
           to
           a
           
             Sovereignty
          
           (
           which
           being
           plac'd
           in
           one
           or
           more
           is
           the
           same
           )
           extends
           ,
           nor
           can
           extend
           no
           further
           than
           during
           the
           
             protection
          
           thereby
           received
           .
           For
           to
           put
           the
           Case
           at
           the
           worst
           ,
           I
           am
           among
           a
           Company
           of
           Theeves
           commanded
           upon
           my
           life
           not
           to
           discover
           ,
           the
           
             Casuists
          
           say
           ,
           that
           this
           secrecy
           of
           mine
           ,
           though
           they
           be
           
             Outlawes
             ,
          
           and
           persons
           under
           the
           heaviest
           censure
           of
           
             Iustice
             ,
          
           ought
           to
           be
           perform'd
           ,
           for
           this
           is
           but
           a
           price
           of
           my
           life
           (
           besides
           my
           promise
           )
           and
           in
           that
           consideration
           I
           ought
           to
           forbear
           it
           .
           But
           I
           'l
           take
           it
           at
           the
           best
           sense
           ,
           insteed
           of
           falling
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           Theeves
           ,
           I
           am
           under
           the
           protection
           of
           those
           that
           protect
           me
           from
           them
           ,
           and
           then
           I
           must
           say
           that
           I
           owe
           these
           Men
           the
           very
           same
           obedience
           ,
           but
           much
           more
           
             Religiously
          
           and
           with
           a
           greater
           deal
           of
           honor
           and
           
             veneration
          
           than
           the
           o
           -
           
           other
           .
           The
           
             first
          
           may
           take
           away
           my
           life
           if
           they
           please
           ,
           the
           
             second
          
           cannot
           only
           secure
           me
           ,
           but
           avenge
           my
           blood
           upon
           the
           Murtherers
           .
           The
           
             first
          
           are
           unaccountable
           ,
           unlesse
           by
           their
           private
           punishment
           ,
           
             These
          
           responsible
           .
           For
           I
           remember
           a
           thing
           that
           
             Bodin
          
           said
           excellently
           ,
           that
           
             The
             King
             though
             he
             make
             Lawes
             ,
             it
             tied
             to
             those
             Lawes
             ;
          
           and
           therefore
           
             accountable
             .
             They
          
           are
           invisible
           ,
           
             These
          
           visible
           .
           And
           therefore
           a
           man
           would
           rather
           chuse
           his
           security
           of
           such
           as
           he
           knew
           where
           to
           repair
           to
           ,
           and
           by
           whose
           means
           he
           might
           be
           redressed
           ,
           than
           such
           a
           one
           as
           could
           not
           own
           it self
           .
           For
           let
           men
           imagin
           what
           they
           will
           ,
           yet
           upon
           largest
           consideration
           ,
           and
           deepest
           experience
           ,
           they
           must
           find
           ,
           that
           
             Allegiance
          
           and
           
             Protection
          
           are
           so
           
             related
          
           that
           they
           cannot
           be
           separated
           one
           from
           another
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           absurdities
           of
           the
           contrary
           are
           such
           as
           cannot
           rationally
           be
           avoyded
           .
        
         
           For
           I
           must
           necessarily
           swear
           either
           to
           
             Person
          
           or
           
             Place
             ;
          
           by
           the
           
             Person
          
           I
           understand
           a
           Man
           
             Governing
             ,
          
           or
           claiming
           to
           Govern
           ,
           either
           by
           himself
           or
           Successors
           ;
           by
           
             Place
          
           I
           understand
           a
           particular
           Mans
           
             Vassalage
             ,
             Liberty
             ,
          
           or
           
             Privilege
          
           in
           any
           one
           
             Country
             .
          
           As
           to
           the
           first
           ,
           it
           concerns
           not
           me
           by
           what
           
             name
          
           any
           Man
           is
           distingnished
           ,
           the
           determination
           of
           his
           
             power
          
           determines
           my
           
             obedience
             ,
          
           which
           (
           as
           I
           have
           said
           )
           is
           
             correlative
          
           to
           
             protection
             .
          
           As
           if
           
             Charles
             Stuart
          
           should
           enjoyn
           me
           a
           Command
           I
           should
           perish
           in
           ,
           I
           ought
           not
           by
           any
           Law
           of
           God
           or
           Man
           to
           obey
           ,
           unlesse
           he
           could
           protect
           me
           in
           the
           execution
           ●hereof
           .
           Or
           suppose
           the
           King
           of
           
             France
          
           should
           command
           me
           to
           Proclame
           the
           same
           person
           King
           here
           ,
           
           I
           should
           be
           so
           considerate
           as
           to
           remember
           a
           
             Hurdle
          
           and
           
             Tyburne
             ,
          
           and
           therefore
           disobey
           .
           For
           if
           the
           
             Civilians
          
           allow
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           Generally
           ,
           that
           a
           
             stranger
          
           doing
           a
           misdemeanour
           in
           another
           Country
           ,
           though
           properly
           he
           is
           not
           tryable
           by
           the
           Lawes
           of
           that
           Country
           ,
           yet
           thereby
           ought
           to
           be
           punished
           ;
           I
           say
           it
           is
           as
           much
           reason
           that
           a
           
             Native
             ,
          
           doing
           against
           the
           Lawes
           of
           his
           own
           Country
           ,
           be
           they
           in
           whose
           hands
           they
           will
           ,
           should
           be
           ten
           times
           more
           punished
           (
           if
           it
           were
           possible
           )
           as
           a
           breacher
           of
           
             Faith
             ,
          
           and
           a
           
             desertor
          
           of
           that
           
             protection
          
           by
           which
           he
           lives
           .
           Honest
           men
           may
           dissent
           in
           little
           things
           ,
           and
           it
           may
           be
           their
           wayes
           of
           reasoning
           are
           not
           the
           same
           ,
           but
           for
           any
           man
           under
           what
           pretence
           soever
           ,
           to
           act
           against
           the
           grand
           design
           of
           the
           happinesse
           of
           his
           Nation
           ,
           is
           such
           a
           matter
           ,
           as
           whoever
           would
           tell
           me
           ,
           that
           a
           Man
           were
           a
           peaceable
           Man
           ,
           and
           withall
           assaulting
           me
           with
           a
           
             Stilletto
             .
          
        
         
           There
           is
           yet
           another
           thing
           that
           may
           stick
           in
           your
           Stomach
           ,
           (
           which
           is
           the
           last
           thing
           proposed
           by
           me
           )
           which
           in
           respect
           you
           have
           urged
           with
           a
           little
           earnestnesse
           I
           am
           content
           to
           clear
           you
           of
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           ,
           the
           great
           losse
           of
           
             Reputation
          
           which
           you
           suppose
           we
           may
           receive
           from
           our
           
             Neighbours
          
           and
           
             Correspondents
          
           abroad
           .
           Certainly
           ,
           Sir
           ,
           if
           you
           would
           but
           remember
           ,
           that
           in
           matter
           of
           publick
           
             Treaties
             ,
             Persons
          
           are
           not
           dealt
           with
           ,
           but
           
             Nations
             ;
          
           (
           for
           our
           
             late
          
           King
           Treated
           with
           
             Don
             JOHN
          
           of
           
             Portugall
             ,
          
           and
           yet
           this
           was
           no
           breach
           of
           the
           League
           between
           him
           and
           
             Spain
             )
          
           it
           can
           signifie
           no
           more
           than
           the
           Alteration
           of
           the
           Title
           of
           their
           
             Credentialls
             ;
          
           For
           all
           Treaties
           
           between
           
             States
             ,
          
           are
           between
           the
           
             Powers
          
           of
           those
           
             States
             .
          
        
         
           And
           though
           
             Usurpation
          
           or
           
             Election
          
           appoint
           one
           Name
           ,
           yet
           still
           it
           amounts
           to
           this
           ,
           that
           the
           State
           is
           concerned
           ,
           and
           that
           only
           .
           Friendships
           in
           
             private
          
           men
           are
           different
           from
           those
           of
           
             Princes
             ,
          
           and
           that
           as
           much
           as
           the
           Mariages
           of
           
             Princes
          
           one
           to
           another
           :
           
             Princes
          
           are
           Married
           by
           
             Interest
          
           and
           
             Pictures
             ,
             private
          
           Men
           by
           
             acquaintance
          
           and
           
             affection
             ,
          
           and
           no
           doubt
           if
           
             Boccalini
          
           were
           alive
           ,
           and
           should
           hear
           any
           Man
           affirm
           that
           they
           did
           otherwise
           ,
           he
           would
           say
           they
           were
           
             Tramontani
             ,
          
           and
           not
           allow
           them
           
             Portar
             la
             dottrina
             sopra
             le
             spali
             .
          
        
         
           But
           this
           doth
           not
           come
           home
           to
           my
           question
           ,
           that
           which
           I
           would
           particularly
           insist
           on
           is
           this
           ,
           that
           I
           believe
           this
           
             change
          
           or
           
             event
          
           will
           contribute
           more
           to
           our
           
             happinesse
          
           than
           if
           we
           had
           still
           
             languished
          
           under
           our
           former
           sufferings
           .
           I
           have
           told
           you
           what
           the
           
             Head
          
           of
           the
           
             Army
          
           is
           ,
           to
           tell
           you
           of
           the
           rest
           were
           a●
           vain
           
             flattery
          
           and
           
             inconsideracy
             ;
          
           but
           since
           God
           hath
           
             own'd
          
           them
           as
           such
           Excellent
           and
           Worthy
           persons
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           glorious
           in
           their
           severall
           Generations
           ,
           I
           must
           be
           content
           to
           look
           up
           and
           reverence
           them
           .
           'T
           is
           true
           ,
           
             great
          
           Births
           are
           hard
           in
           the
           
             Labour
             ,
          
           and
           many
           Glorious
           men
           have
           been
           cut
           out
           of
           the
           Womb
           ,
           Therefore
           wonder
           not
           ,
           if
           the
           account
           that
           they
           may
           give
           you
           be
           slow
           ,
           or
           possibly
           slower
           than
           you
           expect
           .
           I
           am
           no
           
             Member
          
           of
           their
           
             Councills
          
           and
           by
           a
           late
           infirmity
           lesse
           able
           to
           attend
           them
           ,
           yet
           if
           I
           can
           believe
           any
           thing
           ;
           or
           understand
           Men
           when
           they
           make
           the
           clearest
           
             professions
             ,
          
           they
           intend
           all
           noble
           things
           ,
           both
           as
           to
           the
           
           glory
           of
           our
           good
           God
           ,
           the
           making
           happy
           of
           this
           poor
           Nation
           ,
           setling
           the
           Liberties
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           reducing
           of
           us
           into
           one
           mind
           ,
           and
           one
           way
           .
           But
           these
           are
           not
           only
           wishes
           of
           mine
           ,
           but
           hopes
           ,
           and
           certain
           expectancies
           ,
           and
           I
           believe
           they
           will
           convince
           these
           men
           to
           be
           lyars
           that
           speak
           against
           them
           .
           But
           now
           I
           think
           I
           have
           put
           you
           to
           all
           the
           tryalls
           of
           your
           patience
           ,
           which
           if
           my
           infirmity
           had
           not
           been
           ,
           which
           confin'd
           me
           to
           my
           Chamber
           ,
           I
           could
           not
           have
           done
           ,
           but
           I
           rely
           so
           much
           on
           your
           Candor
           ,
           and
           I
           believe
           you
           think
           so
           well
           of
           my
           veracity
           ,
           as
           I
           want
           not
           the
           impudence
           to
           affirm
           my self
           (
           however
           you
           take
           it
           )
        
         
           
             Your
             affectionate
             Servant
             N.
             LL
             :
          
           
             London
             
               May
               3.
               1653.
               
            
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .