A discourse shewing the great happiness that hath and may still accrue to His Majesties kingdomes of England and Scotland by re-uniting them into one Great Britain in two parts / by John Bristol. Thornborough, John, 1551-1641. This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A71100 of text R32805 in the English Short Title Catalog (Wing T1042A). Textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish. This text has not been fully proofread Approx. 175 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 165 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. EarlyPrint Project Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO 2017 A71100 Wing T1042A ESTC R32805 12761682 ocm 12761682 93510 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A71100) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 93510) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1144:21 or 1537:42) A discourse shewing the great happiness that hath and may still accrue to His Majesties kingdomes of England and Scotland by re-uniting them into one Great Britain in two parts / by John Bristol. Thornborough, John, 1551-1641. Bristol, John Digby, Earl of, 1580-1654. [42], 286 p., [1] leaf of plates : ill. Printed by R.H. for Charles Duncomb ..., London : 1641. Variously attributed to John Bristol and John Thornbourgh--NUC pre-1956 imprints. This work appears as Wing B4792 (Wing number cancelled on Wing (CD-ROM, 1996)) on reel 1144:21, and as Wing T1042A on reel 1537:42. Imperfect: tightly bound, pages stained, with print show-through and loss of print. Reproduction of originals in the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library and the Harvard University Library. eng Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1625-1649. Scotland -- Politics and government -- 1625-1649. A71100 R32805 (Wing T1042A). civilwar no A discourse, shewing the great happinesse, that hath, and may still accrue to his Majesties kingdomes of England and Scotland, by re-uniting Thornborough, John 1641 31008 522 20 0 0 0 0 175 F The rate of 175 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the F category of texts with 100 or more defects per 10,000 words. 2005-09 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2005-12 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2006-01 Judith Siefring Sampled and proofread 2006-01 Judith Siefring Text and markup reviewed and edited 2006-04 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion A DISCOVRSE , SHEWING THE GREAT HAPPINESSE , that hath , and may still accrue to his Majesties Kingdomes of ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND , BY RE-VNITING them into one Great Britain . In two parts : BY JOHN BRISTOL . LONDON , Printed by R. H. for CHARLES DUNCOMB , dwelling in Little-Britain . 1641. TO THE RIGHT HONOVRABLE the ESTATES now assembled in both houses of the high Court of Parliament . THE sacred Mottoes upon the Coins of our late Soveraigne and Solomon King James , Faciam eos in gentem unam and , Quae Deus co● junxit , nemo separet● might have deterre● some turbulent spi●rits of England and Scotland , from vio●lating their peace cutting off the brid● from Twede , and hindering that in●tercourse of amity , which to Heavens and Britaines glory , we no lesse happily than long enjoyed : but Tongues and Pens ▪ ( I wish I could not say Swords ) have beene too busily imployed to untie that Gordian-knot , which a good God , and a pious King had made so firme : Some in these Earth-quakes of State have laboured to underprop the houses of both Realmes , others to pull them downe , saying , as of Jerusalem Downe with it , downe with it , even to the ground : Nay , I feare , the same hand that hath held a Spade , pretending to build a Wall , hath held a Sword to kill a Subiect . Wee need not send to Ireland for poyson to kill two kingdomes , we have too much within our selves . Poetry and Oratory ( such is the corruption of wit ) can make Candida de nigris , & de candentibus atra ; like Dogs , they can either bite the sore , or licke it ; or like Knives , that can both spread a plaister for a wound , and make a wound for a plaister : The Poet Juvenal speaking of Alexander the great comming to see Diogenes ; ( Sensit Alexander testa cum vidit in illa Magnum habitatorem , &c. ) takes away the title of Magnus from the King , and gives it to the Cynicke : and have not we those that strive to make great Britaine Little , putting Alexander from his Bucephalus , and setting beggars on horse-backe ? I feare we have . There are too many Empiricks among us , whose delight is rather to kill than cure ; but You who are the Colledge of Physitians for the preservation of the body Politicke , will make no Anatomies but of condemned persons by Law executed , and by inquiry into the bad , labour for the safety of the good : Let it not be said that this day a Tribe is wanting in our Israel . What though , as judicious Weemes saith , the Scots and English be as Samaritans and Jewes We have no Rehoboam , why should we have a Jeroboam ▪ We have no rigor ▪ why should we have a revolt ? There may bee a good Samaritan which may take charge of the wounded man , when a Priest and Levite may passe by on the other side . Let not the Union of Britaine be cut off , if it may bee preserved : binde up the bones that are broken , and make them whole ; so shall God binde up your souls in the Rowle of the living . I doubt not but much good may bee gotten by a serious perusall of this ensuing Tractate : Sure I am it will not be wholly uselesse to candid , pious , & unprejudiced mindes , who shall finde it as fit as necessary for these times . I say no more , but with heart and hands lift up to heaven , pray , that as you are Treasurers of the Weale-publique , God will be pleased to crowne your publique endeavours , to the everlasting peace and welfare of this Church and Common-wealth , that his sacred Majesty and Royall Off-spring may ever bee glorious , and that all his Kingdoms and Provinces may flourish , to the terror of Foes , and the endlesse comfort of all true loving Subjects . THE EPISTLE to the READER . IT was no blessing , but a curse , when the ten Tribes revol●ed from Rehoboam ▪ Division is good i● Musicke , ill in Kingdomes ; and if confusion of Tongues ruin● a Babel , confusion 〈◊〉 Hearts will ruine Bethel . Scotland ma● say to England , 〈◊〉 Lot to Abraham We are brothers ; ye● when love cannot continue , except their bodies discontinue , the ●e of necessity must ●e to Sodome , a 〈◊〉 and destinated for ●ire and Brimstone . ●ingle Kingdomes , ●ke fooles bolts , are one shot away ; but ●njoyned , as in a ●eafe , not easily bro●en . It was the hap●inesse of our late So●eraigne King James 〈◊〉 blessed memory , to a bridge ove● the Tweed , not 〈◊〉 Wood or Stone , b● of English and Sco●●tish hearts , cemente● with strong affection It was indeed a ha●●pinesse , to make tw● spots of Earth , tw● little Kingdomes , o● Great Britain : the in building , a seco● story makes a Hov● 〈◊〉 House , though there ●e neither painted , ●or carved Image in ●t , no fretted roofe , no ●old nor ivory . Ca●or and Pollux●rung from one Egge , ●nd their signe is one Gemini : Thus is ●e Vnity of Brethren ●xalted even to a ●onstellation . That ●hich some years since was a motion , bre● some few moneth since a commotion namely , a necessity 〈◊〉 separation between England and Sco●●land : which diff●●rence might bette● have beene decid● with an Olive bran● than a Sword , as 〈◊〉 hope time ere long wi● make manifest . Wh● happinesse hath the Vnion of two Houses brought forth in this ●ne Kingdome ? and ●f there bee such hap●inesse in the Vnion of Houses , what will there be in the Vnion of Kingdomes ? a thing which might bee ●s easily continued as compassed , if some turbulent spirits did not disturbe the peac● of Sion . This ensuing Treatise I could not b● publish , as knowing ▪ to be so soveraigne ▪ Medicine for the Maladies of these Times . Wherein ▪ ( Gentle Reader ) ● thou finde as much benefit , as I delight● Thanke God , and the Author ; I have my reward . Farewell . SVNDRY OBIECTIONS against this ensuing Treatise . THE Objections pretended against this Treatise , are divided into foure severall natures or kindes : The first objection i● matter of generality 〈◊〉 common reason . The second is , matter of Estate domestique an● inward , or matter ● Law . The third is , matter 〈◊〉 Estate forreine , or ma●●ter of intercourse , 〈◊〉 commerce . The fourth is , matter 〈◊〉 Honor or reputation . The matter of genera●lity , or common reason as concerning all in generall , is also divided into two parts : First , that there is , nor can be pretended no cause ●f the change . Secondly , that there is ●o president of like change , neither ancient , nor moderne , forreigne , or domestique . The first Objection therefore is : that in constituting or ordaining of any innovation or change , here ought to bee considered either a generall necessity , or evident utility but that we finde no grief in our present estate , an● foresee no advancemen● to a better condition by this change ; and desire that it may be shewed unto● us . The second Objection that we finde no presiden● at home nor abroad , o● uniting or contracting of the names of two several Kingdomes or States int● one name , where the Vnion hath growne by marriage or blood . And that those examples which may be alleadged , as far as wee can finde , or understand , are but in the ease of Conquest . Matter of Estate domestique , or inward , or matter of the Law , is divided into these three maine heads following . The first , that the alteration of the name of the King doth inevitably and infallibly draw on an erection of a new Kingdom● or estate , and a dissolution and extinguishment of the old ; and that no explanation , limitation , or reservation can cleare or avoid that inconvenience , but i● will he full of repugnancy and ambiguity , and subject to much variety and danger of construction . The second is , an enumeration or recitall of the speciall or severall confusions , incongruities and mischiefes , which will necessarily and incidently follow in the time present . As in the summoning of Parliaments , and the recitals of Acts of Parliament . In the Seals of the kingdome . Jn the great Officers of the kingdome . In the Lawes , customs , liberties and priviledges of the kingdome . In the residence and holding of such Courts as follow the Kings person which by this generality o● name may be held in cou●●land . In the severall and reciproque oathes , the on● of his Majestie at his Coronation , which is neve● iterated ; the other in the oathes of allegiance , homage , and obedience , made and renewed from time to time by the Subjects . All which Acts , instruments ? and formes of policy and government , with multitude of other forms of Records , Writs , plead●gs and instruments of a ●eaner nature , run now ●n the name of England , ●●d upon the change would 〈◊〉 drawne into incertain● and question . The third is , a possibi●●ty of alienation of the ●rowne of England to the ●ne of Scotland , in case 〈◊〉 Majesties line should determine : ( which God of ●s goodnesse defend ) for if it be a new erected kingdome , it must goe in t● nature of a purchase , 〈◊〉 the next heire of his Majesties fathers side . The matter of St●forreine , or matter of 〈◊〉 ●●tercourse and commer●● consisteth of these th●●● points following . The first is , the League Treaties , forreine Fredomes of trade and tr●fique , forreine contra●● may be drawne in ques●●on , and made subject quarrell and cavillation . The second is , that the Kings precedency before other Christian Kings , which is guided by antiqui●● of Kingdomes , and not ●y greatnesse , may be en●angered , and his place turned last , because it is ●h newest . The third is , that the ●lory and good acceptation of the English name and ●ation , will be in forreine ●arts obscured . The matter of honou● and reputation stande● chiefly upon these fou●●maine heads , or points following . The first is , that 〈◊〉 worldly thing is more de● to men then their name 〈◊〉 as we see in private fam●●lies , that men disinheri● their daughters to con●nue their names ; muc● more in States , and whe● the name hath been famous and honourable . The second is , that the contracted name of Bri●aine , will bring in oblivion the names of England and Scotland . The third is , that whereas now England in the stile 〈◊〉 placed before Scotland ; ●n the name of Britaine that degree of priority or ●recedence will be lost . The fourth is , that the change of name seem harsh at the first , in the popular opinion , and something un●leasing to the Countrey . THese precedent objections , and many other pretended against the happy uniting of these two famous king●omes of England and ●cotland , the Reader shall finde sufficiently answered in the ensuing Treatise , by the Author , to his full satisfaction and content . THE ●E-MARRIAGE Of two famous Kingdomes , ENGLAND and SCOTLAND : ●●duced into one Great Brittaine , ●y the providence of one God , the ●iety of two Kings , the unity of ●oth Nations . By way of answer 〈◊〉 former Objections . BY IOHN BRISTOL . IT was long before the Objections against the ●ntended happy union of both the Realmes came to my hands : b● having read them , 〈◊〉 could not hold m● hand from writing 〈◊〉 remove & cleare them esteeming them only 〈◊〉 great shew of big lo●● laid in the way , b●●tween the two emine●● markes shot at by t● soveraign Vnitor , namely , honour and happinesse : the one inseparably inherent in his m● royall person : the othe● assuredly intended 〈◊〉 Subjects benefit : whi●●●hings in apparant uti● , or urgent necessity ●e Objectors desire to ●e shewed them : for whose satisfaction , I have briefly examined , and answered every ob●●ction . The Objectors finde ●o president at home ●or abroad , of uniting 〈◊〉 contracting of the names of two severall Kingdomes or States ●nto one name , where the Vnion hath growne ●y marriage or blood : and say , that the examples which may bee alleged , are but in case 〈◊〉 Conquest . But I remember , that Charles 〈◊〉 France the eighth , 〈◊〉 Comineus mentioneth taking to wife the hei● of little Brittaine , annexed it to the Crowne● France , ruled it 〈◊〉 lawes , customes , a● priviledges of Fran●● and gave the Noble thereof place in Parliament in France : 〈◊〉 union is a strong keep of Imperiall Soveraignty , and is the very si●ewes of Weale pub●●que . But as Tacitus●ith , By divers lawes , ●er diverse Nations ●●bject to one King , ●uicquid est authoritatis ●ebis destruitur contra●●ctionibus . Charles the fifth uni●●d in the common ●ame of Spaine divers ●ther his kingdomes , ●hereof two of them , ●amely , Aragon and ●astile , descended to him in right of blood ▪ For he well knew , that the most eminēt in dignity is most honored 〈◊〉 Vnity : and that this truly called Prudence even the electing , or rejecting , the continuing or changing of forme● and uniting kingdome according to time , pla●● or persons : which gre●● vertue is not alwai● contained in certai● and the same bound but altereth it selfe 〈◊〉 occasion serveth , in respect of forenamed circumstance . But the Objectors acknowledge uniting of Kingdomes in case of Conquest . I marvell they doe it not much more by right of blood : for in that Vnion of constraint , there is ever doubt , and dread for continuance thereof , as is well said : Malus cu●tos diuturnitatis metus : but in this by right of ●lood , God giveth bles●ing to natures work . First , in the great majesty of the high at supreame Governou● where one mighty Monarch is of more command and power , the a King of divers disti●guished Kingdomes . Secondly , in 〈◊〉 more facility of the government , where people under like law are more easily rule than under divers law ▪ And thirdly , in t● more security of the g●●verned , who being with like equity of ●wes , will one love and strengthen the other : but being divided , ●oe oftentimes under●ine , and practise sub●ersion one of the o●her . Vires imperii in ●onsensu sunt obedienti●m : tolle unitatem , & ●mnis imperii contextus in ●ultas partes dissidet . Which consideration made King Henry the ●ighth rightfully assuming the title of King of Ireland , by voluntary Vote in Parliament o● the Lords and Com●mons of that King●dome , ( albeit the King of England were be●fore that time , but cal●led Lords of Ireland● yet now changing hi● Stile , to endeavour b● just lawes to cause the Irish change as wel● their apparell , as lan●guage , and divers thei● old formes and forme● lawes , and to reduc● them into forme o● English fashion , eve●●gainst their former cu●tomes and conditions . ●t is then a matter not only of utility and ne●essity , but also of rea●on and justice , that a King in right of blood ●olding two King●omes or States , doe ●nite & contract them ●nto one name and na●ure , specially Kingdomes of one continent , and which in ancient times were but one , till ambition and contention divided them . And this ma● stand for answer to the Objectors first main head of matter , of Esta●● inward . Now where it is fa●ther alleaged , that the alteration of the nam● of the King , doth in●vitably and infallibl● draw on an erection o● a new Kingdome , and dissolution and extinguishment of the olde herein verily I think the matter is much mistaken ; for the change o●●●me , is not so rightly 〈◊〉 be tearmed alteration 〈◊〉 new erection , as re●●●tution and reparation ●oth of name and ho●or : for divers his ●ajesties most noble ●ogenitors , have here●●fore been entituled ( as ●hronicles tell us ) ●●ings of all Britaine : as ●enry the second , King 〈◊〉 all Britaine , Duke of ●ascoine , Guien , and ●ormandy , whose son ●●hn had also in his ●oine stamped , as is to be shewed , Johan● Rex Britonum . And before the conquest of t● Saxons , it is certai● that the whole I le w● called by the name 〈◊〉 Britain . But Saxons e●tring at disadvantage● that mighty Natio● consumed by death a● famine , conquering t● remnant of people of ●mous Britain , enforc● them to distinguish a● divide themselves 〈◊〉 flying into mountain and fortified plac●●d afterward King ●bert , utterly to roote ●t the remembrance 〈◊〉 great Britaine , com●nded that the Land ●ould be called no ●ore by that name , ●t England , and the ●ople , Englishmen . ●t Egbert is dead , his ●wer weake , nay ●ne at all : let none ●erefore feare to re●re his Country to 〈◊〉 olde name , and an●nt honour : for Eg●rt , I say , is dead , and King CHARLES ●veth , Et vivat & vin● Rex Carolus . This , I say and e●force againe , is a mat● also reasonable , ju●utile , and necessary , s●ing the Soveraign bri●geth in no innovatio● of a new name , but ●stitution of the old , 〈◊〉 dissolution , but forti●cation , whereto I kno● none will subscrib● which either envy t● Kings greatnesse , 〈◊〉 kingdomes happiness● But let none mar●ll , why it hath not ●is long time been re●uced into his former ●ame : for the diversity ●f kingdomes , being made divers by war ●nd conquest , and ha●ing heretofore divers ●ings , could not in rea●on or justice endure it , ●or under any colour of ●tility , or necessity , un●ergoe , or conclude it . But now seeing our soveraigne Lord the King , being rightfully descended of all the Kings & Princes , whi● heretofore raigned a● ruled in England , Sc●land , or Wales , as 〈◊〉 only hath power to ●●store all into one 〈◊〉 former title and dig●ty , so let none thin● this his Princely a● just pleasure , a ne● erection , but restitutio● of olde , where it is mo● reasonable and just , 〈◊〉 extinguish the name lesser continuance , the the name which h●●ntinued and been fa●ous by the space of ●37 . yeares before ●hrist , and 688. after ●s Incarnation , which ●hole computation ●ommeth to 1825 years . ●nd where it is most ●onourable by just de●ent in right of blood , ●ot only to change , but 〈◊〉 abolish the name ●mposed by a Con●uerour to the disho●our of a Nation : ●nd where , for ●ught I understand , the matter is not so d●●ficult , nor of that inco●●venience and dange● but may with mu● ease and safety be do● with salvo jure , or oth● reservation and expl●●nation , as the wise an● learned in the law● can at large devise when they list , five no● excogitent , sive antiq● restituant . But for example , 〈◊〉 bring the uniting 〈◊〉 Dane-Lex , and Merci● Lex , by Edward th●●onfessor , which was ●ot prejudiciall to any , ●at ever I could reade , ●ut profitable and ●eedfull to all , in the ●olishing of divers old ●wes , and ordaining ●vers new , and ma●ng Lawes to all , all ●ne : done no doubt with due respect to ●eale publike , with ●eedfull limitation and ●ue consideration of ●en , matter , time , place , ●nd other circumstance . Neither doth any new erection and exti●●guishment of olde , 〈◊〉 necessarily conclude 〈◊〉 convenience full of ●●pugnancy , danger 〈◊〉 construction and co●●fusion , as is pretende● but may in this case ( 〈◊〉 beata omnium vita mo●●ratori est proposita ) as e●●sily bee cleared and ●●voided , as it was wh● the principality a● Country of Wales w● by Parliament incorp●●rated and united un● the Kingdome of En●●●nd , and all the Inha●●tants thereof made ●●uall in freedomes , ●●berties , rights , privi●●dges , lawes , and in all ●●her respects to the na●●rall subjects of Eng●●nd , and all inheritan●●s made of English te●●re , to descend with●ut division , or partiti●n after the manner of ●ngland : and the ●awes , Statutes , and ●rdinances of the realm ●f England , comman●ed to bee executed and put in pract● within the country a● Principality of Wal● So as now in this ne● erection and dissolu●●●on of the old , 〈◊〉 Welshmen with us , a● we with them , a●●knowledge joyfull● one only Governo● and one only gover●ment , where the m●●jesty of the Governo● is equally supra nos , a● the justice and equity 〈◊〉 the government equ●ly pro nobis : where● ●ertus ordo in jubendo & ●arendo . Which certain ●nd the same course and ●rder of commanding ●y the King , and by his Lawes , and of obedi●nce in subjects , is a ●trong tye , and as it were a vitall spirit , ●olding in one infinite ●housands : where Re●ere , as the Philosopher speaketh ? is reckoned ●nter necessaria , and Regi inter utilia . Againe , could seven kingdomes of Saxons bee reduced into one and in good time , all their divers Lawes 〈◊〉 whereby the divers● subjects of those seve● divers kingdomes wer● diversly governed , be● brought into one form● of civill governmen● without repugnancy 〈◊〉 ambiguity or dangers and shall we thinke it 〈◊〉 matter of such difficul●ty , to unite onely two kingdomes , which do● not much differ in manners , lawes and customes ; saving such laws & customes as were formerly ordained on each part one against ano●her , when they were enemies , or scarce friends one to the other ? Which ●aws doubtlesse all will say , must bee abrogated , ●hat in further proceed●ng to union , wise men , with grave consideration may conclude it , for good of both Nations , without offēce , as in former times much more hath bin done with less 〈◊〉 doe . An Empire of many kingdomes thus reduced into one , is not unlike the Firmament o● heaven , which God hath adorned with the two great lights , the Sunne and Moone , and other Starres , even the whole army and ha● mony of the heavens in one Firmament . Wh● so throweth a ston● against heaven , saith the Wise man , it will fa● upon his owne head And if any one standing alone from the rest , speaketh against and oppugneth this Vnion , better it were ( saving my charity ) that Vnus ille periret , quam Vnitas . Touching the enumeration and recitall of the speciall or severall confusions , incongruities and mischiefes , which in the Objections are in the second place , of matter of Estate inward , pretended , I briefly answer , that there is no feare of confusion in true and perfect Vnion . Which thing the mighty Alexander , renowned for fortitude and policy , well knew , who is much commended by Plutarke , that ( where Zeno chiefe of Stoickes framed an Idea of best Common-wealth , such as was not divided by countries and contrary customes , but was as all one , of one kinde of life , and as one flocke feeding in one pasture , under one shepheard ) Alexander I say , put that in practise which Zeno but imagined : for saith Plutarke , not as Aristotle Alexanders Master taught him , so did hee , living as a father to the Grecians , and cruell Commander over Barbarians , respecting some , and neglecting others : but he reconciled all into one , mixing mens lives , lawes , names and marriages together , and perswading that none were Aliens and strangers among his subjects , but such as were evill men , accounting all good men , as one man . Now I conclude this point , that there is no confusion , incongruity , or mischiefe to be feared in that Vnion , where our most rightfull King sitteth , not by conquest of sword , but by right of royall blood , in the seate of his most noble Progenitors : and not as Alexander , who by conquest sate in the seate of Darius among Persians : nor as Xerxes who joyned Asia and Europa together with a woodden bridge over Hellespont : but as all other most mighty Governours , and the best kings have ( by a golden bridge of likenesse , of love , of equity , of laws , and of common comforts of society and joy , ( all which were both profitable and needfull ) joyned together two or more kingdomes , for their owne greater honor , and subjects more undoubted happinesse . Which thing likewise that noble and valiant Trojan Aeneas long sithence put in use , who by Vnion , even of divers nations , Omnis eodem nomine , & eodem jure Latinos vocavit . And thereby as Livie reporteth of him , he made many and divers nations as one people , most familiar , and most friendly together . Doe not divers Sun-beames come from one Sun , and all they of one nature ? Are not divers lines drawne from one Center , and all they of one fashion ? Are not divers boughes from one tree , and all of the same substance ? And may not divers people under one Prince , though they are divided in persons , yet be united in Lawes ? and though they bee sundred in Countries , yet be knit together in hearts , specially if emulation cause no incongruity , nor disorder confusion , nor strife mischiefe , only with saving each mans honor , with continuance of each good custome , and with furtherance and establishing the common good of weale publique ? The king is the countries Parent , who by Vnion , non servos , sed cives cogitat : and as Iupiter was said to be Rex omnibus idem ; so would his Majesty be idem omnibus , one head to one body . Wherefore if hee desire to unite the two kingdomes , and to account them one , and as one beloved sonne ( whose life is deare , and whose happinesse joy to him ) that all subjects as one sonne , in common apparant utility , might participate common patrimony of just Lawes for Weale publike , let none be so hardy ( with the harlot in the daies of Solomon ) to say to the King our common parent ; Divide the childe , and cut it into two parts ; lest such division part that into two , which God in nature first made one : and now in his greater goodnesse hath restored , in the royall person of our gracious King into one : what God hath so joyned together , let no man put asunder . For hereof may arise plaine incongruity , and fearefull inconvenience , which may farther grow into confusion and mischief . Only I pray them , which object against the happy Vnion , to set before their eyes , and to consider with their hearts , the grievous contention between the divers people of the kingdome of Israel and the kingdome of Iudah : for albeit the two kingdomes were united in the person of David their king , yet for want of more perfect Vnion in lawes and love , there arose heart-burnings on both sides : for Israel complained : The men of Iuda have stolne the king from us : and they of Iuda challenged , that the king was nearer in blood to them , than to Israel : and Israel againe replyed , that they had ten parts in the king , and therefore had more right to him . But what in the end grew of this contentiō & emulation ? consider I pray , and prevent such inconvenience and mischiefe : there was not any one among the Tribes in the second generation that followed the house of David , but Iuda only : Omen avertas Deus . When I was but a yong scholer , I learned to call that aequivocation , which was Corpu● monstrosum , under one name of divers formes : as homo pictus , and homo vivus agree in the name of man , but not in the same reason , definition , and nature : so I can call the agreement of English and Scottish only in subjection to one Soveraigne , but without farther Vnion of lawes and true love , not lively and indeed , but painted and in shew ; not substantiall , ●ut aequivocall ; not re●ll , but nominall : name●y , in the King , as in the head , which is but one : ●ut not in themselves , ●s in the body , which ●ikewise is , or should be ●ut one . This is true in●ongruity , wherof may ●rise such farther fearefull inconvenience , as I wish may bee to them ●hat hate the State , and the experience thereof ●nto the K. enemies . Touching the particulars of confusion , &c ▪ surmised by the Obje●ctors , I briefly answer first , that exception taken of summoning future Parliament , is no worth answer : for the stile and title of the kin● changed , may chang● also in future Writs . Secondly , the chang●ing of the Seale , is only charge of a new cut . Thirdly , the great old Officers of the kingdome , when they ( ye● most worthy of office ) ●oe hereafter weare ●ut , the kings Majesty ●hall afterward by this Vnion , have more ●hoice to prefer the worthiest : for his Ma●esty by this Vnion shall ●gaine more choice for ●ll the publike services , ●o be performed either at home or abroad . Neither may it be reasonable for any man , for private or particular respects to repine thereat : like to Cato his son , who feared lest by his fathers marriage h● might leese somewha● of his patrimony , and therefore murmured lest his father should beget more sons : bu● had his answer with a sound reply unanswerable : Son ▪ I desire to have more sons like thy selfe , good Citizens , and serviceable for the Common weale . Fourthly , touching lawes , customes , liberties , and priviledges , ●t is to be wished that the rigour of ours were somewhat qualified , ●nd the liberty of theirs ●omewhat restrained : ●either is it a new ●hing , in so large a ●ingdome , that some should be more enabled and honoured with priviledges than others , according to the Kings good pleasure , ●n whom dwelleth , ●nd from whom is de●ived all true honour . Fifthly , the feare of residence , or holding in Scotland such Courts as follow the Kings person , is the selfe same as if we feared , that without Vnion the king would hold personall Courts in Cornwall : or as if we doubted that such Courts , when our former Kings were personally in France , were not for all that kept a● Westminster . The sea● of judgement is the sea● of the house of David thither the Tribes goe up , and there the peoples feet stand , even in the gates of Ierusalem ; which Ierusalem is a City that is at unity in it selfe : at unity concerning matters of religion , at unity in matters touching publike justice and government : therefore the King began his Psalme 122. I was glad when they said to me : We will goe , &c. Lastly , the exception taken against Vnion because of the Kings oath at his Coronation , which is never iterated , is grounded on the selfe same reason : as if it were also alleadged , that because his Majestie sweareth to maintaine ancient and fundamentall lawes , therefore upon circumstance of time and occasion he might not alter any Law : but let it be remembred , that the Kings oath concerneth the Lawes and not the title , and we know the Lawes may be preserved , though the title be altered . And as for Subjects , I doubt not , but they may without danger , at the pleasure of the King , sweare their allegeance and doe homage and obedience after restitution of title , reformation of law , and Vnion of Kingdomes . And ancient Records doe no more leese their force by the change of England into Britaine , then by change of King IAMES into King CHARLES . And there is no more incertainty of pleadings , instruments , and writs , than when a plaintife deceaseth after seven yeares suite , his heire is put to begin , & commence his suite anew , & in other name . The heart of objections against Vnion being halfe broken , let us enter into the third consideration of matter of State inward , where is objected a possibility of alienation of the Crowne of England to the Crowne of Scotland , in case his Majesties Line should determine . But blessed bee God , our gracious Soveraigne King is blessed with a plentifull issue , and hath yet much farther hope . And I hope ( for which I pray night and day ) that his Majesties royall Issue shall not faile , so long as the Sun and Moone endureth . Neverthelesse , if some will not labour of the common bane of good wits , which is rather to dispute , than obey ; and rather to reason beyond reason , than yeeld to reason , ( more magis quàm judicio ) they may herein also easily answer themselves , that in uniting the two kingdomes , the second place in stile may be rather drawne to the next of blood in our Land , than the kingdome of England bee transferred to one farther off frō the Seem . Which thing , neither Henry the seventh nor Henry the eighth doubted , the one seeking to marry his eldest daughter Lady Margaret to King Iames the fourth of Scotland , hoping if his heire male failed , by that meanes to unite Scotland to England . And the other having his whole drift , to match his Sonne Prince Edward to Queen Mary , foreseeing in his providence the inestimable benefit of uniting the two kingdomes : for which cause many of the Nobles of Scotland , gave faith to doe their best endeavours . But it is a strange doubt , and cast beyond the Moone , to imagine , that Vnion of the two kingdomes doth so confound the State , and change the tenure , to bring it so into case of purchase , as it will necessarily subject England to Scotland , especially if his most excellent Majesty , of his singular tenderness and love to this his Realme of England , be pleased to effect and establish , that in case his Royall Issue ( which Almighty God of his infinite mercy defend ) should faile , that then by this happy intended Vnion , the Realme of Scotland should for ever be and continue indissolubly united , and annexed to the lawfull and rightfull inheritance , and succession of the Crowne of England , in the blood royall of the same . Now touching matter of State forreine , in answer to the first objection : I am well assured , that our forreine affaires were at worst in the opinion of all , at the decease of our late Queen , and our entercourse utterly decaied with many Princes : so as we need a kind of present renewing , which may be cōcluded as wel under title of King of all Britain , as of England . To the second it is easily answered , that the King loseth no precedency of place , as is imagined , specially antiquity ( as in the Objections is alleadged ) guiding it , and not greatnesse . For the Successor to King Arthur of Britaine , will bee worthy in the opinion of the whole world , of better place , then King Egbert of England . To the third , that if the name of England ( as is imagined ) be obscured , the name of famous and great Britain will be illustrate , memorable in times past to all the then knowne Nations of the earth . Touching matter of Honour , it is certaine and evident , that the name of England , though it hath beene worthily most famous and great , yet is not equall to the title of great Britaine , when England and Scotland are reunited , either by reason of honor , or of power . All Histories remembring unto us , that the Britaines long time resisted the mighty force of Romaines , Lords , and Conquerours of the world . And albeit some fathers can be content to disinherite their own daughters , to continue their names , ( as is inferred in the objections ) and therfore inforced , shold be much more in States , specially where the name hath beene famous : yet for my part , I account such parents unkind and unnaturall , where self-love of their name , maketh them forget themselves , and forsake their owne flesh . I will not urge here the law of God , of nature , and of most nations where daughters inherite , & names grow extinguished . But this is a vaine respect only of name , wherof is spokē ; to get a name on earth , and to think their name should never be put out : whereas so many countries , so many people , so many persons , have either lost or left their former name , and most willingly have been called by another name , Gaudet cognomine terra : ( Virgil Eneid . lib. 6. ) That countrey rejoyced to be called by a new name : how much more should our Land imbrace this name of Britaine ; and yet not new , but indeed his old proper name renewed , and as it were redivived and restored from the dead . Or be it simply losse only of a bare transitory name ; yet as the Prophet Esay speaketh , Chapter 56. ver. 3. Let not the Eunuch say , Behold , I am a dry tree , my name shall perish with mee . Let us rather regard that name which God promiseth to them that serve him , saying , ( Esay 65. ver. 5. ) Even unto them will I give in my house and within my pallaces , a place and a name better than of sons and of daughters : I will give them an everlasting name which shall not be put out . The argument of Oblivion deserveth no answer , but silence and forgetfulnesse : and yet I doubt not , but famous acts of Noble English men , will as well by Chronicle bee remembred to posterity , as the glory of renowned Britaine Record remaineth to this day , neither will either be forgotten to the worlds end . The Stile of England now placed before Scotland , doth no way prejudice the Vnion by losse of precedency : for when all is one , there is no subsequence : onely Honor is due to him , who is to be honoured ; and much honour to him , that is much to be honored : which thing in the Vnion may easily bee provided for , and other pretended inconveniences prevented . Lastly , the Prejudicating the popular opinion , to whom ( as is objected ) change of name will be harsh and unpleasing , is in mine opinion a wrong done , and imputation laid upon the people , who I know ( for the most part ) being a wise nation , and ( I am sure ) most loving subjects to the Kings Majesty , have learned obedience and duty , and will therefore rather joy in the content of their good and gacious King , then any way murmure at his demand : knowing , that the Empire , ( as Livie speaketh ) is firmissimum , when eo gaudent obedientes , who doubtlesse with one voice and heart submit themselves , and say to their Soveraigne : Esto nobis solus arbiter rerum jure , & nomine regio . And as for Harshnesse of the strange name , use will easily make it familiar . As Horace saith : Multa renascentur quae jam cecidere , cademque Quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula , si volet usus . This pretended unpleasing harshnesse is no more , than the nicenesse of a Virgin , who is as loth , and maketh it dainty to leave her fathers name , yet afterward married to a husband , taketh greatest comfort in the name of her husband , in whom shee glorieth , and by whom shee enjoyeth all her worldly joy . And yet need not England be so nice as if she were a virgin , who like a widdow hath so oftē changed her name : but may take pride , as widows do , to bee called by her most honourable and most glorious name . Thus having briefly run over the objections , and withall carried in open view in mine answer due consideration both of evident utility , and urgent necessity , I will be bold with additions of more reasons , yet a little farther to proceed in the perswasion of this desired happy Vnion . God , alwaies blessed and to be honoured for evermore , who is Trinity in Vnity , and Vnity in Trinity , three persons , and but one God , doth by influence of his holy Spirit , give divers gifts and graces to beleevers , of what country or condtion soever they be , & governes them by holy Law , and uniteth them in the same faith , though diversly scattered among all the Nations of the Christian world : that hereby the gods on earth , whom he hath placed to rule over many and divers kingdomes upon earth , might learne by the same Lawes in things humane , and same religion in matters divine , to preserve Weale publike , and Christian Society among men . But the ambition , and frowardnesse of many , desirous rather to be distracted into divers names and countries , and to be ruled by divers lawes and customes , doe oft times hazard the Common good and peace of the Weale publike : where two kingdomes so divided under one Soveraigne , are not unlike the rich treasures of pearle and gold , laid up in one Ship , by contrarieties of divers windes to be driven upon rocks with extreamest danger : as is said in Tully , of dividing and distinguishing desires into severall parts and members , in such diversities and differences : Hoc est dissipare , & non distinguere , frangere , & non dividere . Which thing is to be feared by not uniting , but keeping the two kingdomes still in parts , when upon every discontent in Scotland , as at a backe doore passage may be given for a forreine enemy , soone to weaken a divided power : as Cyrus the Persian soone emptied that great and deep river , otherwise unpassable for his soldiers , by drawing it into divers channels . And why should not we feare such and greater evils , if as Virgil laid infamy upon us , calling us , toto divisos orbe Britannos : so we be content to adde greater infamy to our selves , and become toto in orbe divisi , divided within our selves in the sight and view of the whole world ? But I hope and wish for better things , that by Vnion in name of Britaines , we may leave to be any longer divided into English and Scottish ; as rivers of divers names meeting in the Sea , receive one and the same name : the rather , because the elements of fire and water , of earth and aire , being of repugnant qualities , yet joyned in one body , doe agree in one forme , as in a Medium uniting and mixing them together : much more , divers kingdomes oft times heretofore at war and discord , yet now being united into one body , of one name and nature , qualified by equall mixture , of Law , Manners , Honors , Marriages , and such like , may be made perfect in one forme , and have a beeing not as English and Scottish , but as Britains , knit together in that third and renowned name : that the Maxime may be verified in us : Qua in aliquo tertio conveniunt , optime conveniunt . I confesse , that some lawes of ours may bee thought too streight for them , and some liberties of theirs unfitting us : but let all be wrested alike , pulling some up , and letting some downe , and in pleasing harmony we shall find , as Tully saith : Commune & aequabile inter omnes jus : where will be no strife , as was betweene Esau and Jacob , undermining and deceiving one the other of blessing and patrimony ; but all love , and unity , and concord , and content , as if all were not twins , but one man , even one heart in one body . And now if Iphicrates , that valiant Leader were againe living , and asked , whether he were under the now imperiall Majesty , this or that , English or Scottish , or among , or over them , an horseman , an archer , or a Leader ; he might truly answer , as sometimes he did in like case : No , not any of these , but I am he , who knoweth under him whom I serve , to command and governe all these , as if they were but one man : Vnius Ducis imperium simul sentiunt omnes copiae . Thus in warre and tumult , much more in quiet peace , may it be said : Divers subjects ad nutum unius Regis , & ejusdem legis omnes simul respondent . So powerfull is the force of Vnion , that una Via being director , for law , and Cor unum performer for obedience : the law enjoyning obedience , and obedience executing Law , the Prince cannot command what the people will not obey : and the people will obey what the Prince commands , and Vnity among them will uphold all : Vnum imperii corpus unius animo regendum videtur : & so likewise , Ejusdem juris esse debent , qui sub eodem Rege victuri sunt . But rule of two kingdomes without uniting them , is to give occasion to either part to look backe for an olde grudge , Vbi antiqui odii pertinacia in publicum stimulat exitium : which I feare would be , as the going backe of two Rammes , more fiercely to butt at , and beate one the other : where held both together in like yoke , one cannot easily offend or force the other . Sic enim immensa multitudo authoritatis quasi spiritu regitur . And where it is of the nature of man not to endure all servitude , nor all liberty , but to strive to shake off the one , and to be weary of the other ; it is certaine , that equity and equability of like lawes to a divers people united in one , will make them ( which otherwise feare servitude ) to enjoy freedome : and those which seeme most free by former priviledges & immunities , to feare servitude , if they transgresse their bounds : for such Vnion and equity is communis custodia , & principatus & reipublicae . But faction and ambition , are the father and mother of intestine calamity , Civill war , and deadly feud . Who so loveth this , will never like that ; neither is he of the body , but of the toes and feet of that image which Nebuchadnesar dreamed of , Dan. 2. whose head was of fine gold , whose breast and armes of silver , whose belly and thighes of brasse , whose legs of Iron , and whose feet , part of Iron and part of Clay . Silver , Brasse , and Iron are metals easily mixed , but Iron and Clay will not by any meanes melt and joyne together . Kingdomes divided are prefigured in the Iron and Clay , they are partly warlike and well governed , & partly weak , factious , and seditious : they agree not to the King their golden head , and though they ( as the Text saith , verse 43. ) mingle themselves with the seed of men , yet joyn not one with another , but are as Iron and Clay , which will not be mixed together . The Poets call this latter age Ferrea : let us which live in it prove them Poets , and not Prophets , that so being joyned to our golden head in all obedience and duty , in all love and zeale to our Countrie , and in Vnitie among our selves , God may still showre down his wonted favours upon Church and Common-wealth ; and that wee may still bee thankfull , returning him the glory . FINIS . A SECOND PART to the precedent TREATISE . THE State of England , and Scotland may bee resembled to the condition of Israel , and Iuda , not only for emulation , who have most right to the Royall person of the Kings Majesty , for their defence , and government ; but also for that the two kingdomes were at first both but one . Besides , God , as he speaketh by his Prophet Hosea , Chapter 11. did also at first alike leade both them , and us , With Cords of a man , even with Bands of love . And as it pleased God , for sinne of people to breake those Bands , even both the Staffe of bands , and of beauty , to dissolve the brotherhood of Israel , and Iuda , ( as saith the Prophet , Zach. 11. ) so , for the iniquity of our forefathers , God brake the Staffe of bands , signifying mutuall love , and also Staffe of beauty , signifying order of government , and brought in upon them , and upon their posterity , even to these our later daies , as Esay saith , Chapter 9. A staffe of division , and yoke of burden upon theirs , and our shoulders ; which now for all that , out of the riches of his mercy , he hath also broken in pieces , making all one againe , as hee spake by his Prophet Ezekiel , concerning Israel , and Iuda , ( Chapter 37. ) saying , I will make them one people in the land , upon the mountaines of Israel , and one King shall be King to them all , and they shall be no more two peoples , neither be divided , any more henceforth into two Kingdomes . This foundation laid , as project of our whole purpose ; The truth sheweth it self how two kingdoms , severed in place , not much differing in lawes , nor dissonant in language , but only disagreeing heretofore in neighbourhood , may be comprehended under notion of one name , specially seeing , when one ruleth both , and both become Subject to one , they are no more two , but one body , linked in like duty , and knit together in one band of obedience . To doubt this is in Strangers , ignorance , but in Subjects , a great offence . For who so considereth that many Shires , with the principality of Wales , heretofore made one England , cannot but confesse that likewise England , and Scotland , with all their territories , Islands , Shires , and Countries make now one great Britaine , and all the people of both the mighty Nations , Britaines ▪ and that the Kings Majesty hath done as princely an Act in uniting both the kingdomes into one name , as he did in uniting the Armes of both the Realmes into one Scutchion , having a like right in both . For all great Britaine being his Majesties inheritance , all his Subjects within that continent are Brittaines . Iust , and reasonable was the demand of Annius , chiefe Governour of Latines , in uniting Romanes , and Latines , saying , Ex utraque gente unum oportet esse populum , unam fieri rempub : eandem imperiisedem , idemque omnibus nomen . And albeit the Latines were content , for sake of Weale publike , to prefer Romanes before themselves , and be called by their names ( as the History there farther reporteth ) Quoniam ab alter utra parte concedi necesse est ( quod utrisque benè vertat ) sit haec sanè patria potior , & Romani omnes vocemur : neverthelesse the case not standing so with us , that Scottish should be called by our name , nor we by theirs , methinkes , a third name of great Britaine might easily , and equally please both : otherwise as King Deiotarus cut off all his children , saving one , because he would leave the kingdome but to one : so should English , swallowing up name of Scottish , or Scottish drowning name of English , prove such a Vine , which to bring but one grape to ripenesse , is content that all branches be cut off , but one . But the question here is not , which of the branches should best prosper , but how all the branches may flourish , which abide in the Vine : and verily the question carrieth in it selfe his answer . Abide in the Vine . This Vine is but one , though of many branches , and much fruit . And thankes be given to God , that his Majesty K. Iames of blessed memory , by publique Proclamation , divulged the inserting and fast grafting of each branch , and all fruit into his owne Royall person , as into a fruitfull and flourishing Vine , even into the head of the whole body , of how many soever parts consisting . Wherein his Highnesse laid the first stone , as he was the true and only foundation of happy union : and yet , as yet , like Apelles fashioning only the exquisite and most excellent beauty of Venus in the head , but I hope also , and will pray for perfection in the rest : that the saying may be true . Rex velit honesta , nemo non eadem volet● and that an universall union may be as happy in successu , as it is most just by Proclamation in inceptu . That the head going before , the whole body may follow after in imitation , to worke out perfection of the desired happy union . That it may be verified , quod diu parturivit tandem peperit ; and what God had in his providence long purposed , is fulfilled in these our happy daies . And that by no meanes that of the Poet may be imputed to us , either by disobedience to our head , or disagreeing among our selves , Human● capiti varias i●ducere formas ▪ Grammarians doe observe , that Metallum , is so called , quasi {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} , that is , post , & {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} , that is , aliud , because there is scarcely found no veine of Mettall , where is not more of that sort adjoyning to it : so among English and Scottish , they are not to bee thought of the true metalline Mine , but as drosse , and canker , corrupting , and consuming each other , which joyne not in the universall name of great Britaine , so to continue , and dwell together , to grow up and agree together : seeing nature hath made them all of one kinde , forme , complexion , habit , and language growing together . And verily divine is the mistery of union ( whether the provident wisdome of nature from God hath ingendred it , or the skill of mans reason hath observed it ) where one of , and in it selfe , doth out of it selfe poure forth innumerable formes of things ; as Brittaine doth even two kingdomes , and the principality of Wales , with many Shires , Rivers , Islands , and people , and yet containeth them all within it selfe : one having many , many making one ; where one of many is not divided against it selfe , and the many in one make no division to overthrow the whole ; but all are the same ; whether we respect union , or division . And this doubtlesse is a divine power , or celestiall vertue , not only for our purpose , but compassing , and passing through the whole world , making things either simple , or conjunct , but one ; subsisting , by , and under the divine essence , which is one ; and consisting in all his members , and parts united , but one ; where each , and every part of this universall world , respecteth the whole , otherwise innumerable , but brought by union to a number , without number , even beginning of numbers , which is but one . And this is most agreeing to the conceit of wisest Philosophers , skilfull in natures Secret : teaching , all ( whatsoever is ) to be but one : and that in the universall nature of things there is an agreeing amity , and intermixed affinity , where all the parts of the whole world accord , by one transfused continuate spirit among them , being compact together with one and the self-same agreeing force , and forceable agreement of nature , proceeding from one beginning , continued by one meane , and referred to one end ; every particular being knit together with the whole universality and diversity of things , and wrapt up in one round orbe together , that as parts of this world , they may dwell in one Center , or Circle together . To shut up many things in few , and to shew how certainly all things are contained in one , and one doth comprehend all , verily in Schooles of Philosophers , it is an infallible Maxime , that all things are communicated in one ; Vnum hoc praeque omnibus unum . This one is all in all . Ruunt autem omnia , ubi unitas non firmamentum , diffluunt , ubi non coagulum . The demonstration in our intended purpose , is plaine . Many villages make one Shire , many Shires one Kingdome , many Kingdoms one Imperiall Monarchy : all which is Britaine , and Britaine all these ; and the Kings Majesty possessing , and governing Britaine , possesseth , and governeth all these : and the Subject , knowing Britaine , knoweth all , and every of these ; for all these are one , and this one is all these . That as this excellent workmanship of Vnion sheweth it selfe in the mighty Masse , and fabricke of the whole world , so much more particularly , and plainly doth it appeare in a modell of the same , even in the name , and honour of great Britaine ; where every Subject ought clearely to see in himselfe , that though hee be termed the little world , and compact of infinite variety , and multiplicity of things , yet is he not two , but one man . Here let the neare neighbourhood , and conjunction of man , and man , in mutuall society , and participation of profits , which man hath with man ( where two friends are but one , and not parting meum , and tuum ) confesse ; that though they are in person two , yet indeed doe , with idem velle , and idem nolle , enjoy the fruition of heaven , with the same aspect , and the commodities of the earth , with the same minde ; where all things are common to both , and yet proper to each one . All which things are alleadged to shew that as every kingdome , and State of the world is upheld with one and the self-same power and life , wherewith the universall world consisteth ; So now it concerneth all , and every one Subject , both of England , and Scotland , to participate in the common obedience , transfused into all , under the government of one . Where sacred unity is guide , and director , there , even from distinct nature , use of mutuall society , and good of weale publique , many are knit together inseparably ; and great , and infinite numbers of all sorts of people , are contained in one narrow compasse of neere conjunction ; for so the most populous and powerfull Kingdomes , though two , or moe , under one Soveraigne , seeme to bee , but as one whole body , And the whole body of Weale publique in subjection , and obedience , but as one man : Sic enim omnes aequo jure parent omnibus imperaturo . And as in all things , so specially in this , are we bound to render all praise , and thanksgiving to that thrice sacred Vnity , from whom , as from the first author , and fountaine , is sowen abroad in the world , that fruitfull seed of constant unity ; whose force draweth many of one houshold to be of one minde , and is ever doing good , in its owne nature , keeping Israel together , like a flock of sheep . Neither is it an hard matter to unite , and keep them together , who live under the same climate of heaven , and are of like language , manners , countenance , lawes , customes , forme of body , fashion of behaviour , yea , and religion : à religando · Rightly called the chiefest band of hearty union . For though the Island Salamis be controverted between the Athenians , and Megarenses , yet must it be adjudged to the Athenians , because they lived after the same fashion and lawes ; as now the skilfull in the lawes of this land easily acknowledge what congruity and affinity is between most of the ancient lawes of both our Kingdomes , more then is to be found between those of any other two nations . And albeit the Towne Sidas bee controverted between the Athenians , and Boetians , yet Epaminondas will adjudge it , to the Boetians and not to the Athenians , because the Athenians called an apple Malum punicum , but the Boetians called it Sidas . There is between English , and Scottish small , or no difference , nay now none at all , in union all being Britaines , not so much as between Gileadites and Ephraimites in pronouncing Shibboleth , for Sibboleth , but all are of one language , and even of one Canaan language , only a little River Twede is common limit , or rather imaginary bound to both : and all from Twede Southward , is Britaine within Twede , and all from Twede Northward , is Britaine beyond Twede , yet both on this side , and that all but one Britaine ( non nos mare separat ingens , exiqua prohibemur aqua ) as all France hath formerly been divided into two parts , the one beyond the Alps , the other within the Alps : and all India Westward within the River Gange , and Eastward beyond Gange . And all Scithia within Imaus , and without Imaus . And though the Island hath beene long time divided into two Kingdomes , yet England it selfe hath oft times of divers been called Britaine , as by a Sirname : and if pars pro toto , might have that denomination , much more ought the whole , being now made one . Therefore Linacre and Grocinus of the one part called themselves Britaines , and Iohannes Major of the other , affirmed that the Kings of England , and Scotland wanted good Councell to advise them to marry together , so to make of both one kingdome of Britaine : and that only envious men , and they who neglected the Weale publique , did hinder this union of peace . Which thing King Henry the seventh , and King Henry the eigth , wisely foresaw , seeking by marriage to unite both kingdomes into one . Discordantis saepe patriae non aliud est remedium , quam si ab uno regeretur . Therefore the wise men have most religiously observed two beginnings of things ; one of evill , divisible , imperfect , manifold , called duallity , or Binarius numerus . Another of good , indivisible , perfect , and in name and nature , alwaies one , called unitas . If Duallity , or Binarius , as cause efficient beare sway , then in the aire breed intemperature ; if in Cities , Families , or Kingdomes , wars , and discord ; if in the body diseases ; if in the minde of men , vice , and wickednesse . But where union possesseth chiefe place , her fruits are , to the aire wholsome temper ; to Cities , Families , and Kingdomes , mutuall love , and joy ; to the body health and strength ; and to the mind , vertue , & godlines . For unity admitteth no duality , knoweth no contrariety , and by consequence no● infirmity . But Duallity seduced Adam in disobedience , seeking to know , as well evill , as good ; who before , was sole Monarch of the whole earth , and was wholly good , and perfect , both in Body , and Soule , untill he drew with a double twisted cord of contrarieties unto his body , in stead of health , sicknesse , and infirmities ; and unto his soul , in stead of Righteousnesse , sin , and misery ; needing now to strengthen his body , bread ; and to repaire his soule , grace ; even for body , and soule Gods mercy . For so he turned the Monarchy of perfect good , into a Monomachy , or duellum of good , and evill , sinne , and righteousnesse , peace , and war , joy , and sorrow , sicknesse , and health , yea life , and death . And now when the sole Monarch of the whole earth , left off to abide in the common obedience , and universall union of all things to his Creator ( albeit all the creatures were before in voluntary subjection , united also to their sole Monarch Adam on earth ) yet now every creature lifteth up himselfe against his sole earthly Soveraigne , and against his Succession for ever . The earth will not yeeld Adam bread , but by the sweat of his browes ; the beasts become wilde , and cruell ; yea the earth openeth her mouth against the succession of disobedient Adam , and swalloweth up Corah , Dathan , and Abiram ; the waters drowne the whole world , except eight persons ; the poore flie can , and doth sometimes choake a man , having before neither power , nor will to doe it ; Lice can devoure and eate up Herod ; even the vilest , and weakest creatures , can , and often do destroy the greatest Tyrants of the earth . And in the opinion of some , the holy Ghost seemeth in mystery to open this matter to a man of understanding , forbearing in the second daies worke , to say , all was good ; as is plainely said of all the other five daies , and he saw all things good ; not but that the worke of this day , was also good , ( for all his works , are , and were exceeding good ) but because of waters , which in many places of the Scripture signifie troubles , yea intollerable afflictions , and because of division of waters in that daies worke ( God being a God , not of division , but of peace ) therefore the holy Ghost seemeth to forbeare to say in that place , And it was good ▪ And yet would not these bee mistaken in their curiosity , as if they included the division of waters in that dayes worke , not to be good , ( seeing that waters in the clouds divided from the Seas , are upholden by Gods providence , not to poure downe and overwhelme the earth ) for they approve divisions of constructions to be good , as the dividing the light from darknesse , the day from night , and of whatsoever into parts , for ornament , and beauty of the forme divided ; but utterly condemne divisions of destructions , or of distractions , which is , frangere non dividere , comminuere non distinguere , to part the body from the head , or the members from the body , to bring order to confusion , unity to distraction , forme to a Chaos , and e●s to privation , such division was that , whereof Caselius answered the Merchant : Navem si dividis , nec tu , nec socius habebit and such division the unnaturall harlot entended ; requiring the living childe to be cut into two parts , ( 1 Kings 3. ) Let it be neither mine nor thine , but divide it . Where two , or three are made one , there is the image of God , of truth , of peace , of fortitude , of praise , and of perfection : but where one is drawne , divided , and torne asunder , there breaketh forth falshood , warre , feare , dishonour , and confusion . They which are of God , embrace the one , and they which are of the devill , the other . For God both in the Center , and Circumference of truth , is in simplicity , and perfection , one ▪ but the devill , neither dwelling in this Center , nor sitting in this Circle , is carried in duallity , nay contrari●ety of numbers , opposing evill against good , whose Center being falshood , the circumference cannot bee truth : his is a kingdome divided , and must fall , being not a Monarchy it cannot stand . And yet we reject not the number of two , so they continue , and persist in union , as it is written ; they shall be two in one flesh : but reprobate is that duallity , that maketh war in peace , begetting , and ingendring division , and contrariety , controversie , and confusion : and either of ambition , senslesness , hatred , quarrell , open discord , or rebellion , hindreth that sweet Harmony of union , most pleasing to God , & most profitable for men , of whom saith Tacitus , In publicum exitiosi , nihil spei , nisi per discordias habent , tamen libertas , & praeciosa nomina praetexuntur . But doe we not see by this unfolding of things , how the perpetuall course of truth , and unity , throughout all in the world , doth even now conduct , and lead me , by the hand , to the matter now in hand ? And verily I will follow thee ( sacred union ) whither soever thou leadest me , and into , whatsoever Region of vertue thou intendest ; I will not leave thee , being never unlike thy selfe , alwaies well accompanied , adorned , and beautified with diversity of things , and never alone , and yet still but one . It is thy doing , that Prudence , the chiefe head and governour of vertues , the rule and direction of all well doings , and prescribing to every vertuous action , the manner , order , and course , of doing well , doth so knit , and joyne together all morall vertues , as that by thy secret influence they all may be found joyntly in all wise Subjects , and in every one particularly with one heart to performe that duty , which both yeeldeth right to the King , and maintaineth peace , and love among men . Siquidem communis vitae societas , in unione consistit . And seeing it hath pleased his Majesty King Iames , by publique Proclamation to assume the name and stile of King of Great Britaine , jure haereditario , it is meet that all loving Subjects not only acknowledge the clearenesse of his right , but joyfully applaud , and chearfully follow him herein , now in our gracious K. Charles his reign ; lest murmuring , they , like evill , and base minded souldiers , follow their Emperour with an evill will , according to that saying , Malus miles imperatorem sequitur gemens . We see some noble men , yea , and the gentlemen in our State daily to purchase , and unite Land to Land , and Lordship upon Lordship , and to seek by all meanes to shake off the Tenure in Capite , and to hold all their Lands in some other more free Tenure . And it cannot be denyed , that to all their severall Courts , all Tenants and freeholders willingly performe their severall services ; or else are fined by the Lord of the Mannor , or by his Steward . And may the inferiour Lord expect more homage , from a Tenant , then a King require , both of Lords , and Tenants , all Subjects to him , and holding all they have , from , by , and under him ? Pacis interest omnem potestatem ad unum referri . But all gain-sayers and murmurers , qui contumaciam potius cum pernicie , quam ●bsequium cum securitate malunt , are not unlike Mesech , and Kedar , spoken of in the Psalme , in respect of whom the good King complained to God , and to himselfe , saying : Woe that I dwell with Mesech and Kedar : I labour for peace , and they prepare them to battell , I study union , and they strive to make division . Non placeo concordiae author , said that good Valerius . But alas , why should Ephraim beare evill will to Iuda , or Iuda vexe Ephraim , fratres enim sumus : should not they rather both together united now into the name of Britaines , as into the name of the beloved Israel of God , ( Esay 11. ) Flee upon the shoulders of the Philistines , and make spoile of their enemies , so that the Idumites , Moabites , and Ammonites , even all their enemies might be subdued unto them : Duo enim sunt , quibus omnis respub : servatur , in hostes fortitudo & domi concordia . And verily the uniting the two Kingdomes into the name of Britaine , is not unlike ( Esay 21 ) that chariot , drawne with two horsemen , mentioned in Esay ; at sight whereof , the watchman cryed , Babilon is fallen , Babilon is fallen , and all the images of her Gods are smitten downe to the ground . For so ( except we will smother the childe of Vnion in his first birth , ) both English , and Scottish , will soone heare him sound aloude into the whole world , that all great Britaine is like Ierusalem , which is , as a City , at unity within it selfe ; and Babilon , even division , disorder , discord , and confusion are confounded , and overthrowne ; and what King Egbert did write in Sand , King Iames of blessed memory , and our gracious King Charles hath blotted out , and troden under foot all the dishonour thereof , and engraven , as in a marble Stone , the perpetuall honour of great Britaine by Royall restitution ? This verily commeth of the Lord of hosts , which worketh with wonderfull wisdome , and bringeth excellent things to passe . Alexander asked King Porus his captive , how hee would be entertained ; and Porus answered , like a King ; Alexander demandeth againe ; Porus answereth againe , in Kingly manner . Alexander asketh what else , Porus answereth nothing else for in this kingly maner , every thing else , is contained . And though ( God be praised for it ) the cause be not between English , and Scottish in Conquest , and captivity , as between Alexander , and Porus , ( but two famous Kingdomes in right of blood , under one mighty Monarch ) yet our great Alexander in his high wisdome considering how these two might best be governed , hath in his owne royall heart best resolved it , namely by uniting them into one Monarchy , into one government , and into one name ; and if any demand , how else , verily he must be answered no way else , for in this union whatsoever else is contained , Nam in istoc sunt omnia even , the Stoickes , ( who I think neither were in jest , nor arrogantly conceited ) contained under Prudence , both justice , and fortitude , and temperance , and whatsoever vertue else , accounting also him who was perfectly wise , an Orator , a Poet , a Rich man , a very King , and an Emperour . All blessings , and graces , may be thought attendants , and companions to union , who alone knoweth how to order all things in government : and is a princely commander of Subjects obedience , and subduer of gain-sayers , ordering unruly affections , bridling untamed lusts , restraining swelling pride , composing rebellious appetites , determining all doubts , and rights , within the compasse of her judgement , and yet giving to every one his due , by her discretion : And therefore is like the Sun in the middest of heaven , among the Stars ; and as the Stars take light of the Sun , so also blessings of Weale publique proceed from this sacred , and thrice happy union into the name of great Britaine , whose glorious light shineth to all , and every one hath comfort thereby . It is also not unlike the Soul in the Body of man ; for in the whole common Weale , it is wholly , and in every part thereof , whether it be of English , or Scottish intire . Tota in toto , & tota in qualibet parte . As a shining light , it sheweth a way for common good , and as a reasonable soule , giveth understanding to the blindest body , to see the full fruition of all worldly happinesse : let no man shut his eyes against the Sunne , nor refuse a living Soule for his Carcasse . If I could express the image of this union in lively colors , I would surely make her a goddess , faire & beautifull , having a garland , and crown of all blessings upon her head , and sitting in a Chaire of State , with all good fortunes , vertues and graces attending her , and as a goddesse in triumphant chariot going into the capitol , or temple of mighty Iupiter : where also the Poets have found her , but called by another name , even Pallas , who is also named Monas , that is , Vnity : because having one only parent , she resideth in Iupiters braine , even in the chiefe seat of his wisdome ; where all the Muses are her companions , so called Musae , quasi {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} , that is altogether in one ; where all the Graces goe hand in hand , congratulating to Vnion their mutuall society ; where all vertue , and knowledge are neare of affinity , but Iustice , and government of consanguinity to her , her selfe still holding primacy over all ; as England , and Scotland , are chearefully looking one towards the other in the name of great Britaine , and as the two Cherubins did looke one towards , the other , in one propitiatory . And thy royall state O great Britaine is as the anointed Cherub . Ezek. 28. And as in the heart of man is placed fortitude , in his liver temperance , and in his minde Iustice , and yet all these , with all other vertues are annexed to Prudence , the common ligament of all ; so is great Britaine , by uniting all his kingdomes , principalities , countries , and honours the compleat proportioned forme of all , and all in it both universally and particularly , are fashioned and made fit on every side for happy conjunction and mutuall correspondence . For this renowned name of great Britaine standeth in stead of a Loadstone drawing all into one , chaining them together with links of love ; as Lisippus made an image of foure mettals mixed together , gold , silver , brasse , and iron ; expressing hereby absolute perfection of vertue , putting in gold , to signifie Prudence ; silver , Iustice ; brasse , Fortitude ; and iron , Temperance : whereof they are altogether ignorant , as if they had never seene vertue , so much as painted , who , to overthrow union in the name of great Britain , bring no union of vertues , even excellencies of many Countries , to this so excellent worke . But skilfull Zeuxes going about to depaint an absolute worke of a perfect virgin , took not only view of one womans beauty , but had variety of many the fairest , to accomplish out of all these a more excellent , and consummate forme of body . Shall we not thinke the Kingdome of France , containing Pickardy , Normandy , the Isle of France , Champaigne , Averne , Dalpheny , Bry , Bloys , Turin , the Dutchy of An●ow , Xanto●n , Burgundy , and uniting ●o it little Britaine , to be more glorious in all these , being made one , then if but one only of all these were that Kingdome ? Doe we not see that the enlarging of the dominions of Spaine , in uniting , and establishing divers kingdomes , and territories , as those of Aragons , Castile , and that of Portugal with others , hath so enlarged that Kingdome , as that the like hath not befallen other Christian Potentates ? Hath not the King of Denmarke , beside the Cimbrian Chersonese ( where Holsatia , Theutomartia , the Dukedome of Sletia , Flensburgh , Friesland , and Iuthland doe lie ) other spacious Islands , fifteen in number , all comprehended under the name Denmarke , and united to that Crowne ? Did not Iagello , taking to wife in the yeare , 1380. the Princesse Hedingee the last of the blood Royall of Polonia , after he was enstalled King there , unite all his owne principalities of Lithuania , and Samotgathia Provinces of Russia , to the Kingdome and Crowne of Poland ? Did not Ahasuerus ( Esther 1. ) raigne from India to Ethiopia , over an hundred twenty and seven divers Provinces ? And was not he so mighty ( by reason of this variety , subjected , and united to his sole government ) that he was , an hundreth and fourescore daies shewing the riches and glory of his Greatnesse , to all his Princes , and to the mighty men of Persia , and Media ? But to take example of one only Rome for all . How hath it been renowned through the whole world , by joyning all Nations of the world into one , even to it selfe ? Herehence it was called Terrarum dea gentiumque Roma , communis patria , mund● compendium . As Propertius . Omnia Romanae cedant miracula terrae , Natura hic posuit quicquid in orbe fuit . But the Majesty of this Empire grew so great by adjoyning other nations , and bringing them all into one : Haec est , in gremium quae victos sola recepit , Humanumque genus communi nomine fovit Matris non dominae ritu , civesque ●ocavit . Quo● domini , nexuque pr● longinqua revinxit . And againe , Fecisti patri em diversis gentibus unam , Dumque offers victis proprii consortia juris , Vrbem fecisti quod prius orbis erat . And so may we say of this renowned name of great Britaine comprehending us all of divers nations in one , under our gracious King . Hujus pacificis debemus moribus omnes , Quod cunctigens una sumus . I could set forth , and confirme by sundry examples , this uniting of many into one , and thereby shew , that the enlarging of dominion consisteth in uniting all together into one name , and establishing divers Territories under one Soveraignty , and government ; and that the greater States , and Imperiall powers of larger extent and far spreading domination are the more durable ; and that the Monarchy of great Britaine is like to bee hereafter of more durance , strength , and honor as partly ( comming under our Kings government without conquest or constraint : Nam errat longe mea qui dem sententia , qui credat imperium stabilius aut firmius quod vi● adjungitur quam quod facilitate & clementia ) so now especially it being united in the whole , then heretofore divided in parts ; his contexture being of a greater frame than before , holding by more then one naile , an● upholding its owne greatnesse : even as great build●ings endure and subsist by their owne weight , as the Poet speaketh , Pondere t● suo est . But I thinke it here as needfull to lay open the great fault , imputed to Con●stantine , dividing the Em●pire among his Children whereby of one Empire , he made three , and withall a memorable diminution of of his authority , and forces : which part Brutus also played , dividing this whole Empire of great Britain among his three Sons : of which , though two parts afterward , namely England , & Wales , were againe in good time united : yet Scotland stood till now , divided from the rest , and the rest from it , till God in speciall goodnesse restored to former name , and government , all into one againe : for which Kings Iames may challenge more glory by uniting all into one , then Brutus or Constantine dividing it from one ; and though Constantine the great , was counted the glory of Britaine as being borne and made Emperour here : yet may that commendation better fit King Iames than Constantine : Tu nobiles fecisti Britanias , quod illic ort● factusque es imperator . The Platan tree hath many goodly Branches , and boughes , and leaves in one body : and therefore Xerxes in Herodotus , crowned him with a golden Garland ▪ doubtlesse there is a deserved glorious garland due to the name of great Britaine , bringing forth many goodly boughes , and branches , like to the faire , and well spread Platan tree ; or rather for the height of his honour , like the ●all , and goodly Cedar , in whom , the dreame of Nebuchodonosor hath been verified : for he saw a tree in the middest of the earth , great , and strong , whose height reached unto the heaven , and the sight thereof to the end of the earth : whose leaves were faire , and the fruit thereof much : Dan. 4. in which was meat for all , yea the beasts of the field had shadow under it , the fowles of the aire dwell in the boughes thereof , and all flesh fed of it . But Nebuchodonosor heard also a watch crying out mightily , hew downe this tree , breake off his branches , shake off his leaves , scatter his fruit , that both beasts , and fowles may be put from him : neverthelesse leave the stump of his rootes still in the earth . So was the ancient honour , and glory of great Britaine ; great , and mighty , high to heaven , faire , and fruitfull , and of power over the whole Land from one end to the other : but the highest , who hath power over all , did ( for the sin of the inhabitants ) hew downe this goodly tree ; yet left the stumpe of the rootes in the earth . And out of it the tree is growne up againe to former beauty , that we might learn to magnifie the K. of heaven , as did Nebuchadnesar restored to the honor of his kingdome , to his glory , and beauty againe , to his Counsellors , and Princes , and to the establishment of his Throne with augmented glory . And here let us now consecrate to all eternity the ancient name of famous great Britaine , as a Pantheon of all blessings in peace , prosperity , and honour : for as Pantheon was a Temple at Rome , round , and like to the capacitie of heaven , wherein were put all the images of their gods . So I say , in the name and stile of great Britaine , as in a Pantheon , are placed all worldly blessings , like Stars shining from heaven , and having their influence into the whole body of common weale , even perfection of beauty in Sion . Superstitious antiquity framed false Gods , one indued with this vertue , and another with that : this a wise , that a warlike , and another a just God : yea , for so many vertues , they framed so many goddesses , where one Temple might not be consecrated to two goddesses , but distinct vertues must be worshipped with distinct worship . So as Marcellus dedicating one and the same Temple to Honour , and Vertue , was thought to offend against religion . But our happy , and better instructed age , reducing all to one , truly to worship one true , and only God ; so in civill things , and government , it offereth only one above and for all , that whatsoever is separate , and distracted from it , may bee counted , as anathema , excommunicate , divorced , or as a barren handmaid to bee sold to the Vsurer , unprofitable , imperfect , or as it were , not at all . And now , as union into the name of great Britaine , is like a Pantheon , and bringeth manifold abundant blessings meeting together , and concurring in one , so let us account our selves most blessed in our Soveraigne unitor King Iames , in whose Royall and princely Successor , our gracious K. Charles , and his noble Progeny , is laid up all our obedience , and dwelleth all our happinesse ; even as that worthy Scipio , is said therefore to be borne , that there might be one , in whom all vertue should shew it selfe effectually , and absolutely perfect : Hic est Scipio , quem dii immortales nasci voluerunt , ut esset in quo se virtus per omnes numeros efficaciter ostenderet . This is the voice of truth it selfe ; England and Scotland are so naturally united in the name of great Britain , that the one nearely allyed to the other , can no longer bee an alien , or stranger one to the other , except it may bee said , that , Quia meus est , non est meus , ipsaque damno est mihi proximitas . So this naturall conjunction should bee no union , because it is both naturall in the Soile , and reall in the Subject . But albeit the Romanes put into the Temple called Pantheon that precious gem named Vnio , divided and cut in two , yet we with all our goods and geare , ought willingly be borne into the bosome of great Britaine , quae fundit in omnes imperium , not distributing union into parts , but knitting up all parts into one , as Cicero's Oratour all sciences , and Aristotles good man all vertues , as Cato was counted like perfect in all vertues , or as the divine Plato sealed up in man , the lesser world , whatsoever vertue was in the whole world , or rather as Eden the plentifull garden of God sealing up the summe of all perfection and glory , Ezek. 28. was freight and deckt with all manner of precious stones , the Ruby , the Tapaze , and the Diamond , the Chrysolice , the Onix , and the Iasper , the Saphir , the Emerande , and the Carbuncle , and gold . Even now may it be said of this universall name of Britaine , as it was said of Rome . Imperii virtutumque omnium lar , and virtutum omnium latissimum templum . In ancient time it was counted ominous , if a stone fell , or a dog came among brethren . And Socrates was wont to curse those , who by self-conceits , and head-strong opinion attempted to set asunder those things which nature coupled together . And now if any factious Tribune of the people interpose himselfe to divide us , and to disturbe the peace of Israel , thinking there is good fishing in troubled waters , and that the honours , and benefits they hunt after , are attained in Perturbata Republica : whereof they utterly despaire in a peaceable State , Quia in concordia ordinum nullos se usquam esse vident : verily such are not unlike Medea , who so dispersed her brothers limmes , that they could not be gathered againe : Cujus etiam vultu laeditu pietas : as the Mariners at Sea well observe in the two Stars Castor , and Pollux , that if one without the other appeare , they foresee a troubled Sea : but peaceable , and quiet without storme , and without danger in the sight of both together . The principality of Wales shall witnesse this truth , which never received any thing any more beneficiall for the people there , then uniting that Countrey to the crown & kingdome of England . For whilest it was alone without his brother , it was subject to storme , full of contentions , war , and shedding of blood , but joyned with his brother , it florished with peace , and at this day is blessed in the uniformity of government there established . And in mine opinion , it is well observed in the Chronicle of Wales , how God was not pleased with the first change of the name of Britaine into the name of England ; for presently followed the terrible and cruell invasion of the Danes , and after that the conquest of the Normans . But memorable is it , that the Britaines ruled all the whole Isle together , with the out Isles of Wight , Men , in English Anglisee , Manaw , in English Man , Orkney , and Ewyst , 1137. yeares before Christ , and after the yeare of his incarnation 688. even to the death of Cadwallader , the last King of Britaines , and of the noble race of Trojans . Which when in succeeding age many mighty and famous Kings of England , considered , they laboured by all meanes to recover and resume the name and stile of Kings of great Britaine , acccounting it dishonorable , to leese any jot of the honour of their most princely progenitors . And therefore K. Knute , King of England , mighty in his dominions of Swethen , from Germany to the North poles , with Norway and Denmarke , having obtained prosperous success in warring against Scotland , is recorded after his death , the mightiest Prince in the West parts of the world , and of all the noble Isle of Britaine . And so William the Conqueror , for the good successe he likewise had in Scotland , is recorded King of all Britaine ; and Henry the second , surnamed Curtmantle , is also for like successe , recorded King of all Britaine . And if they be renowned and honoured with name and stile of Britaine , which by rightfull descent or by conquest , were inheritours but to one part only , though by their fortunes in war , they also claimed the other ; what rightfull title must we then acknowledge , most justly now to belong to his most excellent Majesty , in the imperiall crowne of both , who by lineall descent inheriteth both . Here I wish I had as many eyes as Argos , to looke into their devises , who seeke to divide England from Scotland , and Scotland from England , renouncing the name of great Britaine , lest joyned in one , they might as the forenamed stars , appeare together , shine together , and bring joy together . I would then not spare to lay open , ( as Cneius Flavius did reveal to the world the tricks and misteries of Lawyers of that time , and therefore was said to put out their eyes , and to cut their purses ) how also these Adamants hinder the naturall power , and vertue of the Load-stone : whom I call Adamants , aswell for repugnant qualities , as that they be truly Adamants , even Sons of Adam , practising rather in disobedience , dissention , and ruine of all , to lay hands upon that is forbidden , then to draw the Iron , nay golden chaine of linkes of love , in obedience to the King , and for common peace , and preservation of men . But herein such imitate the devise of Q. Fabius Labeo , seeking to have the ship of common weale divided in parts ; as when by compact of league with Antiochus he ought to receive halfe part of Antiochus ships , cut them all in the middest , craftily , so to defraud Antiochus of his whole Navy : or else imitate they Cyrus , dividing great Rivers into many little Brookes , till they be not only passable , but even dryed up : for so these seek to stay the maine and mighty Streame of great Britaine by dividing it , and in dividing , to make it of sundry kindes , unlike it selfe . Such dividing into parts , is disjoyning of the parts , by disjoyning , dismembring , and by dismembring , spoiling , making the stone Scyros , which whole and firmely compacted , doth swim and floate above the waters , to sinke , and be drowned , because it is divided . But our two famous kingdomes with all their provinces , shires , and countries united into the name of great Britaine , are like the goodly and pleasant river Danubius , which passing by many Countries keepeth his name , till it enter into Illiricum : where receiving into it sixty other rivers of divers other names , leeseth not only his owne and all their other names of parts , but is called Ister , one for all containing all . Here I require both of English and Scottish , is either of them now , as a people disjoynted one from the other ? Or as Sand without Lime ? Or scattered straw without binding ? Or as Sampsons Foxes running divers and contrary waies , with fire brands of dissention among them ? Nay here in the glory of great Britaine is renowned , that King Iames , with our gracious King Charles , and his Royall issue doe gather together that , which was scattered , and unite that , which was divided , and restore that which was lost , and save that which was endangered even by this meanes , uniting all in one name of Britaine , as it was said of Rome , uniting so many Countries into it selfe , all parts which disagreed heretofore are now well agreeing . Hereupon Rome was said to be anchora fluctuanti mundo : and as he saith in Tacitus , regna bellaque per Gallias semper fuere donec in nostrum jus concederetis . So happily doth this universall conjunction of all under one head , take away all discord , and maintaine conjunction of love for everlasting continuance . Only they which will be alone , and not contained under one name of great Britaine , are not bound up with the sheaves , nor carried home into the Barne , and therefore are like gleanings after harvest , left behinde in the field , subject to storme , they come not two and two into this Arke , and whatsoever remaineth alone , Extra arcam , perit . Such are not unlike that Captaine , whom Xerxes rewarded with a garland , for escaping alive , when all other souldiers were slaine , and yet because he came alone without the rest , he hanged him : and as the the Athenians in the warre with the Aeginetae , when one returned , without his fellowes , ranne upon him , and killed him , asking where were the rest ? And what can such ( I pray you ) as separate themselves from the happy union of all Britaines answer for themselves , if they be called to account ? Can any be English , and not Scottish , can any be Scottish , and not English ? Let that outcry against the Romans be ingeminated against such , saying : Quintilius Varus , restore us our Legions , where are our Souldiers , what is become of them ? Where are the English , where are the Scottish , let all restore themselves , and each one the other to the name of Britaines . And so I say to all , and every one of both nations , Cedo alterum , ( For I feare lest this name Cedo alterum , mentioned in Taci●us , be in scarely found among many : ) but I call aloud where art thou , Cedo alterum , give us thy selfe , bring in thy friend , yea , yet another , and another , bee not wanting to the weale publique ; una navis bonorum omnium , all good Subjects are contained in one Ship of common Weal , numerū non habet illa suū , one is not perfit without the other : for Britaines Subject ought maintaine mutuall society for common good . As for others disclaiming us , and disjoyning themselves , only I wish they may all be of the same consort , and society with us , for , victrix causa dii placuit , though , victa Catoni . And albeit many great , and mighty Potentates on earth make a great shew of Copia verborum , by copious recitall of many Provinces , and Kingdomes ; as if his Majesty should entitle himselfe by all the severall shires under his dominions , and not by one honourable Title of great Britaine comprehending all : to shew how this misliked some , it is recorded when the Emperours Embassador comming to the French King rehearsed the Emperours stile at large , which consisted of many dominions and names of countries ; the French King willed his Herauld to repeate and say over the name of France as many times as the other had rehearsed the severall titles of his Masters dominions : intimating that one name of France well compacted and united of many particulars into one generall name , was better then divers particular names of many countries . And when Quintius Flaminius heard how his army was terrified , at the recitall of many his enemies forces , of their diversity of names , of countries , of Armour , and of multitudes , Dahae , Medi , Cadusij , Elemei , Cataphracti , &c. Spearemen , Horsemen Footmen , Archers , &c. Oh saith he , what a doe is here , with numbers , and diversity of numbers ? all these are but onely Syrians , and make a great shew , like that great Supper , which mine Hoast at Chalcis dressed for me , and for my followers , with much variety , and marvell at the diversity of the dishes , and yet all was but one flesh , though of so many divers dressings . The river Peneus may better serve for instance : it divideth it selfe , and floweth into divers Rivers , and every one of these Rivers in his division , hath a proper name to himself , one after this name , and another after that : but all these meeting in one , and becomming againe one great , and mighty River , doe now lose the particular names , which they held being divided , and are called by one generall name , as before , namely , Peneus . Non sunt multiplicanda entia sine necessitate . It is not reasonable that brethren from one parent , should be divided in one house , though they be severed in distinct place : but be as fingers to one hand , knit together by common joynts for mutuall offices : even as the brethren Molionides , are poetically imagined to have but one body : or rather the three Cerions , to have many bodies , but one soule , and one minde ; not unlike to that of Pithagoras , Vt unum ex pluribus fiat , many in name , but one in deed . And as when Piso was commended to posterity for frugality , I doubt not , but he was wise withall ; and as when Lelius was renowned for wisdome , I doubt not but he was just withall : and Metellus for piety , I doubt not but hee was temperate withall : and Aristides for justice , I doubt not but he was valiant withall : yet I know that the denomination is ever but of one , though it containe things two , and moe : as the Temple consecrated to two brethren Castor and Pollux , was named only Castors Temple : and the munificency of two Consuls , Caesar , and Bibulus , was called only Caesars munificency : and even many imaginary shewes , and shadowes have seemed compleate , in deciphering one thing only : yea the very images of excellent men have been patternes , and resemblances of many consummate vertues in one : as Plutarchs Alexander , Xenophons Cyrus , Homers Vlysses , Virgils Aeneas , and Lucians Imagines , instead of all . And as there is a common Idea , and infolded notion of all things in the minde of man , so the other viewing the whole race and tract of things in the world , doth tell us , that as many peculiar excellent properties , may be , and are in one man , and hee over them , as sole Monarch over all the diversities of worthiest vertues ; so a King under his Imperiall power hath to him subjected many shires , states , cities , honors , provinces , and kingdomes , himself being sole soveraign and Lord over all . Therefore though magnanimity onely , was attributed to Cyrus , only modesty to Agesilaus , onely wisdome to Themistocles , skill to Philip , and boldnesse to Brasidas : yet Alexander , as Plutarch reporteth , was furnished , and full-fraight with all these . And Quintus Metellus is reported to attaine and possesse together , ten of the chiefest , & greatest things that ever he desir'd ( as if he had at once ten Provinces under his command ) and was known a mighty warrier a sweet Orator , a great commander , to prosper in his greatest affaires , to be in greatest honour , of great wisdome , a chiefe Senator , plentifull in children , rich of substance , and most renowned in the City . So copiously hath one man been stored with plentifull variety of manifold graces , all these at once dwelling in him , and he well ordering them ; even as one free , and absolute Monarch may , and doth rule many mighty and divers Nations , knit in one by obedience , and love among themselves , and by law , and justice from the King , who by his lawes speaketh alike to all , is heard of all , and understood of all : una , eademque communi voce . I confesse the name of great Britaine hath beene long time eclipsed , or rather like those voices , which Antiphon said were kept close , and frozen up in the Winter , untill the heate of Summers shining Sun resolved the frozen , and fast bound aire , that they might bee againe disclosed . Comfortable is the warmth of this blessing , in the Sun-shining daies of our Soveraign Lords King Iames , & King Charles ; wherein not only cloudes are scattered , but the renowned name of great Britain breaks forth as a gladsome voyce from frozened aire , & comes forth , as a Bridegroome out of his chamber , long time before lockt up like a prisoner . Doubtlesse this is our yeare of Jubile , a yeere of delivering the Captive , of making the bond free , and of joy , even in sort , and true sense to us , Annus Platonicus , wherein things are come about againe to be as they were , ( Iure Postliminij ) to recover our selves , and be restored to name and fame of great and glorious Britaine , long divided into two kingdomes , but now most happily , and joyfully subjected , and reunited in all the government therof unto one onely Soveraigne , most wise and most religious governour of the same . Deus haec benigna restituit in sedem vice . Doubtlesse this is the Lords doing , and it is marvellous in our eyes , this is the day that the Lord hath made for us to rejoyce , and be glad therein . For as it is said , we owe to God our selves , for creating us when wee were not ; and more than our selves ; for re-creating , and restoring us , when wee were lost : So ought all good Subjects thinke the dayes more happy , and joyfull , in which they are now , as it were new borne , then those , in which they were first borne , as is well said ; Non minus illustres , a que jucundi sunt illi dies , quibus conservamur , quàm quibus nascimur . Happy art thou , ô Israel , ô people saved by the Lord , who is like unto thee ? Thou wert lost , and art found , bond , and art free , eclipsed , and art glorious , dead , and art alive , thy name forgotten , and behold , it resoundeth even among hard rocks , and in the hollownesse of mountaines ; thy beauty withered , and behold thy vallies stand thick , replenished , and adorned , with fairest varieties of all good ; thy yeares forgotten , thy feathers plucked , and thy strength weakned , and behold thou waxest young , and lusty like the Eagle ; yea thine honour , the honour of thine ancient name ruined like an old house , but behold it is now repaired , and called after his owne , and old name ; even as deliaca navis , torne , and taken in pieces , was renewed , and built againe to his most ancient forme , and called still deliaca navis . Sic rerum summa novatur . And albeit worldly kingdomes and civill States seem subject to alteration , and doe carry in their outward appearance , faces sometime shining , and glorious as the Sun , and sometime defaced , darkned , and deformed , conquering , and conquered , triumphing , and enthralled ; yet the common weale it selfe like the ship before mentioned , ruinated and repaired , is still the same ; euen as the Sunne , though eclipsed , is still the same ; and a river sometime shallow , sometime deepe , still the same ; and a man now sick , now in health , still the same . Respublica enim semper ut civitas , est contigua , unâ , perpetuâque serie compacta , and though admit it mutation , as our state did long time , ever since the first division , till this blessed day ; yet Britains common weale , was but sick for a season , till health returned into the whole body , by the glory of the head . So as now the first and ancient common weale of great Britaine is againe conformed to his prime estate , sound , the same , and like it selfe ; and is likely so to continue and flourish , so long as it retaineth the common band of community , and individuall knot of unity . As Socrates is said , as long as he is Socrates , to bee one & the same . Whether in childhood , or manhood , in in fancy , or in age , the same Socrates . But Heraclitus denied , because of the odaine change of men and things , that one man could goe into the same river twice : and ill debtors borrowing mony heretofore , refuse payment , because they thinke themselves not the same men , and plead the day is past , and cannot be againe ; deluding with that saying : Ego non sum ego : hodie & heri . But such conclusions or rather collusions are simple rusticall follies ; as he saith , rusticus expectat dum defluat amnis , at ille labitur & labetur in omne volubilis aevum . For howsoever times alter , yet truth ever sheweth it selfe ; as the river Lycus , running along under the earth for a long space , breaketh forth againe , and as is said , alioque renascitur orbe . The sleepers in Sardos , when they awaked , thought they had passed no time : but we shall be more drowsie , and sottish then they , if now rowsed from our long sleep , wherein the honorable name of great Britaine was forgotten , we now not open our eyes to acknowledge the happinesse of these our dayes : wherein our hearts may leap for joy , to see that two of our most gracious Kings , as Fathers of peace , and procreators , protectors , and perfitors of Subjects joy , sit in Royall seat of great Britaines most ancient , and most absolute Monarchy : whereby our strength , peace , wealth , and honour is the more increased , in that our Soveraigne is the more universally obeyed , and we are doubtlesse hereby more blessed , then all our fore-fathers : of whom we say , as Demaratus the Corinthian said , that all dead Grecians are , deprived of great joy , in that they lived not to see Alexander in Darius Chaire . But comfortably spake he in the Comedy : Gaudeo , cum video hujus generis reliquias ; and how joyfull is it for us to acknowledge one another Britaines , as it was for them brethren in the Comedy which after so long time came to knowledge one of another : yea now for us to know one another to bee Britaines by all signes and tokens , Non naevo aliquo aut crepundiis , sed corpore omni . And though he may bee pittied , which sitteth alone mourning , and crying : Nec mihi eognatus quisquam fuit isto nome : yet may both English , and Scottish rejoyce , because neither sister is a widow , but all their legitimate children are now of one name , and one blood , become , and borne againe Britaines , as it were by a Pithagoricall Palingenesia , even twice Britaines , as Hippolitus was called Virbius , because he lived againe ; and was twice the same man . Aeson miratur ; & olim ante quater denos hunc se reminiscitur annos . And surely ( as Pliny saith ) Sparsas & lacera● gentilitates colligere & conuectere , est , ut ita dicam , renasci jubere . Thus we say , and thus we sing , Redeunt Saturnia regna , even the golden age of Britaines Monarchy is come againe : Alter Tiphis , & altera , quae vehat Argos , delectos Heroas : atque iterum ad Trojam magnus mittetur Achilles : another governour and chief Master , of the common weales Ship , and another Arke , or Argosie , as before , doth transport the Nobles , and Commons both of England , and Scotland , to fetch the golden fleece , which Egbert that Dragon held so long time in his jawes . Quondam etiam victus redit in praecordia virtus . Now then , Siquid patriae virtutis , if there be in us valour , of men stirred up , with remembrance of the name , and honour of the name , and honour of our Country : Si quid antiquorum hominum : if any drop of our Ancestors blood live in us : Si quid humanitatis : if any touch of brotherly kindnesse , we cannot , but readily imbrace each other , as the ancient Romanes reconciled after long civill war , and shedding much blood Iungebant Castra , & consalutabant Cives : yea , and triumph also as they did , saying , exurgere , & reviviscere Romani nominis memoria incipit , & gloria : unlesse it may be said of us , as of that base minded Vitellius : Tanta torpedo invasit animum , ut si eum principem fuisse caeteri non meminissent , ipse oblivisceretur : or it may bee said to us Britaines descended from Brutus , as sometimes to another Brutus , in another sense , not here intended : Dormis Brute , & non es Brutus . Our country men , and neighbours of Wales , as Chronicles report , derive themselves from ancient true Britaines ▪ and doe retaine the British tongue , though somewhat mixed , called Camberaec , which could never be extinguished by any attempts of Romanes , Saxons , Danes , Normans : and that famous City London , is still by them called Trenwith , of Brutus first named Trenovanton . And the Countrey it selfe is called Cambria , of Camber , Brutus Sonne , though we call it Wales , a word imposed by Saxons , naming them Walshe , which is strange ; and many mountaines , rivers and cities are among them still retaining British names : extremos pudeat rediisse : let us be ashamed to be last , or backward , seeing another Arthur King of all great Britain raigneth ; lest we still seem over-awed , and captivated to the Conquerour Egbert his will , and by his beating us , to be made as base vassals , forgetting our selves , our names , and our Country , and not daring to challenge , or acknowledge them : even as that base slave Sos●a was enforced to yeeld to his Master Mercurie , and say , Pugnis me fecisti tuum , & si sum ego , tamen non credo mihi , nomen simul abstulit cum forma . Neither doe I esteeme the change of name , a matter of indifferency , as if it were all one , whether we were called Britaines , or continued English , and Scots . But in my judgement it is reason to alter all into Britaines , because it was our most ancient , and is the more honourable name , except we will weare the Badge of slavery on our sleeve , to brag to the world , that we are not ashamed to be conquered , so to shew our nakednesse , and shame , which Adam sought to cover , when he once saw it . Neither in mine opinion is it reason , that the now Nobles or Gentlemen of England , should delight in name imposed by that Saxon ; seeing the whole race of Saxons is for the most part rooted out by the Danes and Normans , and none of the Saxons blood that was Noble , or almost but Gentile is left ; and seeing ( as Chronicle reporteth ) it was counted in the daies of the Conquerour , a reproach to be called an English man , or to joyne in mariage with any of the English ( which in my understanding is Saxons nation . ) Redit ad authores genus , & generosa in ortus exurgunt semina suos . And verily names , and titles , are matters of great consideration : unlesse , like Varro , not caring for name , we should also say , that the God whom the Iews worshipped , was but the same Iupiter , and common God of other countries , though otherwise called , Nihil interesse censens , quo nomine nuncupetur dum eadem res intelligatur . But in the union of the Sahins and Romanes , ( as Eutropius reporteth ) this was especially agreed upon , that the Sabins and Romanes should assume one anothers name promiscuously : so that by no meanes they should be distinguished by name . And albeit among us , custome hath begotten prescription , yet we may remember , what is well said in the Comedy : Nunquam ita quisquam , benè subducta ratione fuit , quin res , aetas , usu● , aliquid apportet novi , ut quae prima putes , post in experiendo , repudias . As in the Romane story , ( when it was objected that innovations , were dangerous to the state , and nothing was to be done , whereof formerly there was no president ) saith Canuleius . Quid postea ? nullane res nova institui debet ? & quod nondum est factum ( multa enim nondum sunt facta , in novo populo ) ea , ne ( si utilia quidem sint ) fieri oportet ? Whilest we of England were put apart from Scotland , it was reason we should have a name divided , and distinguished from them , and retaine that name , and condition , as pleased fortune to impose , as Andromache saith to her Son , Sume , quod casus dedit : but being restored in integrum , and every part knit together , it is a like reason we returne to our old name , and say , as in the Prophet , I will goe , and returne to my former husband , for at that time it was better for me , than now . ( Hos. 2. ) And no man when he hath tasted the new wine , but saith the old is better . So that as the Romane Empire first was a Monarchy , afterwards governed by two Consuls , and so a long passing through divers kindes of governments , till it returned to his former state of Monarchy , to be as it was at first : even so the state of great Britaine , first was as a Monarchy all governed by one ; since it was divided , but now it returneth to his Monarchy againe , Moribus antiquis res stat Romana virisque . For men waxe weary , in time , of their present condition : and Rome mole laboravit sua : or rather , and more truly , God setteth bounds to all things , which they cannot passe : even the mightiest powers have their periods . And all worldly kingdomes thus changing , ( after long experience ) say , the first is best ; and so likewise , Vt rerum , ita verborum interit usus , quem penes est rerum & vis & norma loquendi . But in this case neither the thing nor the name , being changed : but we lawfully recovering that which was lost , renuing the title of great Britain , enjoying our country ( as we did before ) calling all Britaines , and holding all things in the same safety , and security under name of great Britaine ( as before under names of England and Scotland ) say all and each to other , Pascite , ut ante , boves , pueri submittite tauros . It is a good and gracious deed to provide for reall agreement in all equall conjunction , and mutuall participation . But in my simple opinion , it had beene Verbo tollere , & reipsa relinquere , only in shew to take away difference , but not in deed , without uniting both kingdomes into the name and stile of great Britaine ; for , as he complained , Tirannus occidit ? Tirannis vivit ? So if the old enmity of English , and Scottish be removed , and yet the names still remaine , I feare that the very names would ever put ill men in minde of olde grudge , and incite new variance : as is said of one , that he was Romani nominis inimicus , at deadly hatred with the very name : where the name is taken for the very cause of hatred . As , Eo nomine hostis , for that cause , even for name sake he is an enemy : even as in Rome , when all things were accorded , and all parties pleased , only a name , which was in dislike among them , was thought hinderance to their mutuall concord , and content , saying , Non placere nomen , id periculo sum esse , id officere , id obstare libertati : and therefore the Sanate perswaded Lucius , Tarquinius , Collatinus , otherwise in all respects approved , and beloved of all , even for his names sake , to forsake his office , saying , Absolve beneficium , amicus abi , exonera civitatem vano ( forsan ) metu . This I speake , lest retaining former name of English , and Scottish , which heretofore hath been offensive to each other , we call ( as before is spoken ) the ill disposed to former opposition , as between fire , and water , even to Kindle such a fire in Iacob , as will devoure in Israel , and no water shall be able to quench it in Bethel . Where it may be thought more fit , to set aside all difference of former names : Vt exoneremus rempub. vano ( forsan ) metu ; as it is said of one , Quod nihil est metuit , metuit , sine corpore nomen . And if any account the feare of name nothing , ( bee it also say I nothing ) yet a man cannot be too carefull , or fearefull of that which is counted even nothing , seeing it is said . Qui cavet , vix etiam cavet , dum cavet . Let former destructions be present instructions . Offensive distinction of names hath bred much woe . In Italy faction of Guelphs and Gibelines arose for name sake . In England much blood for the white and red Rose . In Iustinians time fearefull division betweene the Veneti and Parsini about colours blew and greene . In which grievous contentions , arising first of small or no cause but only of difference in name and diversity of colours , deadly hatred is oft times kindled among former friends , as against sworne enemies . After Phalarides death , the Agrigentini made a decree that none should use glauca veste , because the Tirants did use glaucis subligaculis : for they hated whatsoever might remember them of former Tiranny . And the Romanes publiquely ordained , that no Romane should be ever called after the name of Manlius ; for , because his remembrance was displeasing , they would have his name utterly perish . I wish that nomen , or mentio ipsa , the names English , and Scottish , borders , former feud , wars and bloodshed between the two nations , were not once mentioned within our lips , but as nomen Pelopidarum utterly put out , abolished , and never heard of , as that which is laid up in silence in the Grave : even now that not the least occasion be left , no not in sport or inter ludicra certamina ( as we have a name of play amongst us called prison base , one part striving for England , and another for Scotland , representing unto us the variance betwixt both nations ) lest it prove , as that betwixt them two brethren , Demetrius , and Perseus , King Phillips sons ; who in ludicio certamine , opposite one to the other , with their companies divided on both sides , fell in earnest unto a maine deadly warre one against the other . I say , as neare as may be , these opposite tearmes of Scottish and English should cease ; except they remaine , as only they ought remaine , Epithites pertaining to one name of great Britaine , and to one people Britaines , as all the Iewes of all the severall Tribes , were called Iacob Gods people , and Israel his inheritance . And herein ( seeing as Vegetius saith ) princip●● est pro salute R●ipub . & nova excogitare , & antiqua restituere ) both nations ought joyfully applaud the late proclamation , & in all humbleness of duty , submit themselves to the Kings Majesties good pleasure , seeking thereby the common good of Weale publique , and not his owne glory ( as they doe , who call their lands after their owne name , to get a name upon earth : and as Valens the Emperour desired ( according to his ambitious , and vaine-glorious humour , ) to call this whole Continent Valentia , after his owne name : for which thing also Henoch the Son of Cain , building a City , was first noted , ) but as a King most gracious , not natus sibi sed patriae ( as Hadrian the Emperour professed before all : Ita se rempublicam gesturum , ut sciret populi rem esse non propriam ) thinketh only on the ancient name , Non tam mutans , quam aptans , so to roote out remembrance of former hatred , and to unite both into one . Pastor populi non suum ipsius , sed Subditorum quaerit commodum : & officio suo semper fungitur , utilitati consulens , & societati . Change of names hath ever been thought meet in policy , even where men formerly Strangers , and of divers kingdomes were to bee trained up together , and framed in fashion one to the other : as were given to Daniel , Hananiah , Mishaell , and Azariah , ( Dan. 1. ) new , and other names . And Daniel was called Baltasar , and Hananiah , Shadrah , and Mishael Mesach , and Azariah Abednego of purpose , by changing their names , to make these forget themselves , their country , and if it were possible , the God of their fathers . And so the Turkes have , from time to time , in their pollicy changed the old names of those places , they now possesse , which before professed Christiany , and when upon any Conquest , they take into their governement Christians , they impose on them new names , to live like them , and as one people among them ; and shall we thinke it a wrong or inconvenience , that , if a Grecian Prince or other Christian King recover against the Turke , they afterward abolish a name imposed on them , and call any Province , People or City after their olde and ancient name ? Et si hoc in arido , quid in viridi ? If this be done ( ex facto ) by the children of this world , unto an evill end : may not his Majesty in his princely wisdome ( Fas estet ab hoste doceri ) ( ex jure ) for the undoubted good of the children of light call to remembrance , and put in execution the wise Councell of Maecenas to Augustus : to take away all differences whatsoever , even of the meanest things which might bee thought on , whether of name or apparrell , or any thing else , to the intent all things might be throughly composed in one uniforme fashion , and conformity among all his Subjects , to their undoubted good ? It hath been often observed , that Parva scintilla neglecta magnum saepe excitavit incendium . And sores sleightly cured , break forth into greater danger . And , if I might boldly write my minde without mislike , I would undertake sufficiently to prove , that if the name had not been changed into great Britaine , it might be feared we should not long ( as we ought ever ) continue one ; and that ( love being not without dissimulation ) we would among our selves , as is upbraided to the inconstancy of another Nation ( now not to be here named ) Ridendo fidem frangere , and so love , as that we would hate againe . For as a chiefe inhabitant , and commander in privernum , being asked in the Senate at Rome , what peace they should expect , answered , S● bonam dederitis , fidam , & perpetuam : si malam , haud diuturnam . So here may it be said , if union in name , bring also in deed , a good composition , and faithfull conjunction bona fide , it will doubtlesse by Gods goodnesse , last ever : but otherwise I feare ( which God forbid ) may againe rent in sunder , and make the new breach worse than the former . And therefore wise was that saying ; Ejusdem jurit esse debent qui sub eodem rege victuri sunt ; and that practise of Romulus renowned , who by union of divers Nations , Eodem nomine & eodem jure Latinos vocavit . And hereof grew the Italicum bellum , because the Latines united in other respects , were not joyned eodem jure with the Romanes . To speak plaine , we all confesse our union in our obedience to the King , as to the head : but yet without continuance of that union also in the name of great Britaine , and of other things thereto requisite ( to be farther by the Honourable Commissioners considered ) I feare wee shall prove , as imperfect , if not deformed a body , as Apelles ( before noted ) painted Venus , only perfect in the head , and left all the parts of the body unperfect . Neither can I , for my part , imagine that part of the body well united to his head , which doth not concur with all the body in all his parts perfect with the head . Vt nec pes nec caput uni reddatur formae . Herein let natures workmanship in our naturall bodies leade us to the imitation of her wisdome , in the government of bodies civill : and as she hath in naturall mixtion reduced the foure contrary Elements into a temperate and agreeing conformity , by taking away suspition of emulation , making them lose their proper names , and joyntly called mistionis forma : so should we by temperate discretion be willingly united with our neighbour friends into one corporation : especially seeing the reality of every thing we enjoy is to continue in all respects the same , and only a formality of appellation a little changed . Naturam ducem dum sequimur non aberrabimus , said he : and the God of nature hath spoken it , so that we must beleeve , That a kingdome divided cannot stand , howsoever it may glory in the multitude of his parts : wherein a common Weale may fitly be resembled to musicall instruments ; which howsoever consisting of the multitude of strings , yet the harmony is in the unity of proportion with agreeable consent of distinct sounds . Now as a little jarre in musicke , a little intention or remission of any one string discordeth all the harmony ; so in this excellent musicall concord of a well ordered kingdome , never so small difference , though it be but titular betweene the severall parts of one common-weale , sometimes breedeth hatred , oftentimes envy , but alwaies emulation . Whereupon Philip Comines well observed , Finitimorum aemulationem nativam esse : that it was essentiall for neighbour regions to emulate one the other : which is only remedied by taking away the frets and by incorporation making them not now our neighbours , but all one with our selves . And herein consisteth the nature of true mixtion ( whereat all Common weales should tend ) when every thing remaineth that was , yet nothing as it was ; when many contrary things yeeld up their contrariety and plurality unto one , consisting of all ; which participating of all their reconciled natures , imposeth only a new name , to their new manner of being , which is to be one instead of many ; and that not by coacervation or apposition of things without farther mixtion , remaining still distinct within themselves , but by union of consociation , which taketh nothing away from these things that were before distinct , but their distinction . Out of which mistion will arise excellent temperature , which we hope long to see in our Brittish Common-Weale , wherein no humour either of English or Scottish may be predominant , but temperamentum aequabile , and that ad pondus too . Which as it is seldome found anywhere , so it is alwaies found where it is found with perennity . And concerning such mistion was that said of Romulus and Trajanus , and now may it be said of King Iames , and King Charles ; Diversas gentes ita commercio miscuit ut quod genitum esset usquam id apud omnes natum esse videretur . And of such mixtion may that of Zeno be said , alterius chorus major , meus antem concinnior : Another Kings Empire may be greater , consisting of diversity of Nations , but ours more compact and united in one . And this mixtion of both our nations so mixed in one , bringeth forth but one title of GREAT BRITAINE . Vnum , sed leonem , as the proverb saith . Which I the rather urge here , against Polititians ( if any such be ) of this age , who seeke to nourish faction and opposition in the State , and Common-Weale , and think nothing better , Quam si in commune non consulant ; who ever have a Rowland for an Oliver ; where fearefull experience doth often shew the fruits of that Axiom , Contraria contrariis curatur . Which manner of keeping Subjects one opposite , and offensive to the other , is a flinty , and fiery society , even Societas lapidum , fornicationi similima , quae casura , nisi invicem obstarent , hoc enim ipso continetur . And this practise , wheresoever prevaileing , is more then Machivelian , even devillish , sowing seed of dissention in parts , to destroy the whole . Therefore it being an infallible , but woefull ground of truth , Nulla salus bello ; It is meete that all and every Subject of great Britaine , understand , and professe the other part of that Verse , Pacem te poscimus omnes . For so I thinke this Axiome in a State , is better for preservation of Weale publique : Similima similimus nutriuntur . And if I were worthy , here would I advise all the Magistrates of great Britaine , which either now do , or hereafter shall beare rule under their high Soveraigne , in any parts of his dominions , to remember in all their high honours , that Cleo , and Themistocles tooke contrary courses , and were both misliked in time of their Magistracy . For Cleo called all his friends , and old acquaintance together , and renounced them openly , giving them to understand , that now he was so advanced , they should expect nothing from him for former friendships sake . And Themistocles answered one , wishing him to be alike to all , and not partiall , that he would not sit in seate of honour , and not doe more good to former friends than to others . But truth is , in a Common-wealth , nor disdaine of former friends becommeth Cleo , nor partiall favours Themistocles ; for community regardeth neither any man , neither any cause for private respects , but is as the Sun , yeelding alike common comfort to all : which thing I wish all , as one man , wisely to perceive , and willingly performe . And yet may Cyrus have in remembrance , the very meanest of them , with whom sometimes he lived . And Ahasuerus looking into the Chronicles may remember those which have saved the King from any , who sought to lay violent hands upon him . And the Macedonians may not either grudge , or disdaine that Alexander prefer the Persians before them of his owne Countrey . Ecquis est qui vestra necessaria suffragia pro voluntariis , & serva pro liberis faciat ? But to returne into the Kings high way for the name of Britaine : seeing his Majesty may say , Non me Troja capit , Scotland alone doth not containe my greatnesse : and therefore speaketh also to England : Salve fatis mihi debita tellus : England is also the lot of mine inheritance : and both England , and Scotland will I make one Empire , and renew their names into the first title of great Britaine , as it were Ilium in Italiam portans : ( though in removing all the gods out of the Temple , to give place to Iupiter , only that petty god Terminus refused , and would not move ) yet let the Termini , and bounds of both our Nations , and all the people therein contained , willingly give place to the just pleasure of their sole Monarch , and even in this also , acknowledge K. Charles their supreame head , and governour : where obedience in each Subject , is like the reconciled Genius , utriusque regni : which though before was as angry Iuno , much adverse to the Romanes , yet now like Iuno , out of her very image seemeth to speake aloud , Romam se velle ire : Anger is appeased , displeasure forgotten , and discord come to a perpetuall end . Nec quenquam incuso potuit quae plurima virtus Esse , fuit : toto certatum est corpore regni : And now the whole common-weale , odiis saturata , quiescit . Neither may contention , either of antiquity , or any other dignity ( whereabout Albanes , and Romanes , so much contended , and would not yeeld one to the other ) breake this common band of love among our selves , or loyalty to our Soveraigne , who imbraceth both Nations with equall and indifferent love . But we ought to consider , that both English and Scottish ( quis major ? aeque ambo pares ) making no question of difference for common goods sake , without difference may challenge like interest in his Majesties favour ( Et vitula tu dignus & hic ) to bee divided equally , and graciously among all , by Geometricall proportion as his Majesty shall be pleased to deeme meet . Which thing may move all to mutuall kindnesse , and reciprocate love one towards the other , with an orderly conformity of both to live together in all peace , and Christian charity , affectioned to love one another , with brotherly love , and in giving honour to go one before the other ; Rom. 12. as it is said of Scipio and Lelius , actuosae vitae iter aequali gradu exequebantur : not grudgingly , nor contentiously , striving for prerogative of blessing and birth-right , in his Majesties favour ; as if it might be said to his highnesse , Hast thou but one blessing , my father ? Gen. 27. for his Majesties abundance , and overflowing measure of honour , poureth forth , as out of a fountain , streames to fill up every empty channell , Nemo ex hoc numero mihi non donatus abibit ; and where every one may be contented , Cuncta aderunt ; animus , si te non deficit aequus . Herein let us take example from the Romane Common Weale ( and surely for our instruction may it be said , Nulla unquam respublica , nec major , nec sanctior , nec bonis exemplis ditior fuit ) where Dyonisius Halicarnasseus giveth us a strange shew of two Consuls Largius and Claelius , who both strove to give precedence one to the other , preferring each other before himselfe , and reckoning one anothers worth before his owne : and this done , two or three severall times , neither presuming to goe before the other , but still refusing , and could by no meanes either be perswaded to take the preheminence one before the other . But is any mans eye evill , because the Kings eye in speciall and gracious aspect is good ? Doubtlesse when a King doth not all things ad voluntatem , sed ad utilitatem omnium ; they which mislike , ( and yet seeme of the same league , and society with others ) doe notwithstanding like Nahaz the Ammonite , ( 1 Sam. 11. ) joyne in common covenant with others , but on condition onely , that they may thrust out the others right eyes . Hoccine in commune honores vocare ? quaenam ista societas ? quaenam consortio est ? But whosoever intendeth truely the common good , let him remember , that Solon said , The onely way to keep subjects in unity , is to maintaine an equality for all : for motus , as Plato saith , is in inequalitate ; but status , and quies in aequalitate : which thing is spoken , not to breed , or maintaine parity in condition of men , for that equality were true inequality , nay iniquity , so to confound the world . But these things are alleadged to shew , that our gracious Soveraign may herein ( I speake under favour ) be resembled to IANVS , who had two faces , to looke forward , to looke backward : for so his Majesty is set in the middest , sole Soveraigne of all great Britaine , to looke on England , to looke back to Scotland , and with princely and favourable aspect to countenance both , Tros Rutulusve fuat , nullo discrimine habebo : where both being made one common Countrey , that saying may well befit our common Emperour ; Hostem qui feriet , mihi erit Carthaginensis , quisquis erit . And there is that equality , before mentioned , distilling from his Grace and Majesty in honouring , and defending both alike , ( lusta pari premitur , veluti cum pondere libra , prona nec hac plus parte sedet nec surgit ab illa . ) where none ought strive contentiously , lest they seeme to offer violence to the Kings Grace , or to his honour , or to both : as the Mid-wife charged Pharez in making the breach betweene him and his brother , by forcing his birth before his brothers , through strife in his mothers womb ; whose name therefore , was called Pharez , which signifieth division . But our brotherhood is not in strife , as that of Cain and Abel , Esau and Iacob , Ismael and Isaac : nor as that of Geta and Antoninus , sonnes to the Emperour Severus : after whose death , their mother Iulia was forced to divide the Empire betwixt her sonnes , severing and setting them asunder into separate governments , with a sea betwixt them , because of their hot contentions and implacable hatred . And God forbid , that we should by opposite contentions one against another , provoke the common parent of both our Nations , as those two brethren did their parent Iulia , to cry out against us , as she did against them : O my sons , you have found the way how to be severed and divided by sea and land , into distinct regiments , and ' as you say , the water divides you one from the other : but how will you divide me your mother ? How shall I bee divided between you both ? Will you dissect mee into parts also , As them two lovers ( mentioned by Plutarke ) striving for their love , Dum uterque ad se certatim rapere conatur , rent her in pieces ? Let our strife rather be like that of Ephestion and Craterus , who contended whether should love their King Alexander most ; in so much that Alexander was enforced to decide the controversie , adjudging that Ephestion loved the King best , and Craterus Alexander best . So it pleased the King in his sentence equally to divide his love , and so did they both equally strive to love : and after this manner did the Iones and Chi● contend in love to Hercules : and Iuda and Israel for David . And so I doubt not but our contention is of the like love , and duty towards our Soveraigne : but as for hatred and malice amongst our selves , so separating us that we cannot be mixed together , Dii talia Graiis , erroremque hostibus illum . Seeing ( as he said ) no greater hurt can be wished to our enemies then to be disunited among themselves , and if they will not bee at one with us , that they may be at odds betweene themselves : Maneat quaeso duretque gentibus si non amor nostri at certe odium sui . Quando nihil jam praestare fortuna majus potest , quam hostium discordiam . And now farther to enforce this union into both Nations , the rather , because we are both alike under one head and governour : hath not his Majesty two eyes , to respect both kingdomes ; two eares , to heare alike the cause of both ; two shoulders , to beare alike the burden , and care of both ; two hands , to distribute honours alike to both ; and two feet , to goe one before the other , yet both alike to support but one body ? The inequality only is , if we are not alike dutifull , and thankfull ; neither doe we , as the Apostle exhorteth , ( Rom. 12. ) Carry like mindes one towards another ; nor make our selves in our owne conceits , equall to them of the lower sort . And where Xenophon calleth Magistrates , and mighty men , the Kings eyes , the Kings eares , the Kings shoulders , yea also his hands , and his feete , it is not thereby meant , that they should thinke they also had two eyes to envy one the other ; two eares , to listen after advantages , or offences one against the other ; two shoulders , to shove at , and shoulder out one the other ; two feet , to out-runne , and prevent one the other ; two hands , to catch , and snatch one from the other , or to carry fire in one hand , and water in the other , or to build with the one , and to pull downe with the other , or with the one to offer a gift , and with the other a stab ; Altera manu panem , altera lapidem ; but that their eyes , eares , shoulders , feete , and hands are , or should be mutuall helpers one to the other , for the common good , and publique service of the whole State . And I perswade my selfe , that all Magistrates under his Majestie , of the one , or other Nation , united now in one common name of Britaines will for publique Administration of the common-Weale , so see with their eyes , heare with their eares , beare up the head with their shoulders , and walke uprightly , Having pure , and cleane hands , that as the fingers in the hand are distinctly divided , and yet do clap , and clasp themselves together , for more strength ; so all of command and in authority within great Britain , though they have distinct offices , yet will so concur , and agree together , that though there appeare among them , and their distinct publique services , as , in digitis , divisio , it shall not be , ab unitate praecisio . And verily the two kingdomes , are like two hands warming and enfolding each other , continuing two , yet in one body : where if the right hand challenge more necessary use and service in the body then the left , or the left hand more than the right , and one not readily yeeld to joyne with the other , as is meete , the head may in his good pleasure make choice and use of either : as in the Romane Story , when Tribunes disagreed for chiefest honour , Quintus Servilius , Consul , of much lesse dignity , and authority than a King , tooke the matter into his owne hands , saying , Patria Majestas altercationem istam dirimet . Here Prudence among Subjects hath need intermeddle with all other vertues , and shew the power of union in her selfe ; where Justice demandeth right , fortitude tollerateth what ought be borne , temperance reformeth will , subdueth anger , moderateth passion , and represseth ambition ; and all in unity of obedience coupled together , bring forth plentifull fruit , for society , honour , and joy . Which thing well pleased Marcus Furius Camillus , Dictator of Rome , seeing all the Senate , and Subjects of Rome , not only accord in the common execution of each office for common good of all , but willingly , and lovingly , both highest , and meanest to embrace one the other , saying , that the Common-Weale was flourishing , and most happy : Si tales viros in magistratu habeat tam concordibus junctos animis , parere , atque imperare juxta paratos , laudemque conferentes potius in medium , quam ex communi ad se trahentes : whereof the Senate , Consuls , and Tribunes gave testimony , and good proofe , when they all submitted all authority to Camillus , perswaded in themselves , Nec quicquam de majestate sua detractum , quod majastati ejus viri concessissent . In Britaines union , England may not exalt it selfe above Scotland , nor Scotland strive against England , but both as members of one and the same body , under one and the same head , ought to have the same care one for the other , as if one member suffer , all suffer with it , and if one be honoured , all the members rejoyce with it ; and as in the Church , so in the common-Weale , one is my Dove , one is my darling , shee is the only beloved of her mother , and deer to her , that bare her ; so I know there are diversities of gifts , and differences of administrations , and divers manners of operations in both ; and God hath set the members of the whole body , every one of them , severall in the body , as it hath pleased him , but , omnia ab uno ad unum ▪ All from one head , and to one end . Hee that is wise will consider this . Qui vero curiosiores sunt , quam capatiores , quaedam mag●is contentiose objectanda , quam prudenter consideranda esse arbitrantur . And now seeing I have waded so far in the union of Britaines ; English may not mislike , that Scottish beare Office among , and with them , as if they were of a farre Countrey , hunting after others Treasures , serving the King of Babylon , and not as the same Subjects to Hezechias ; for they are of , and for England , as we ; and we of , and for Scotland , as they , and both for both , being made one . Nay rather we ought desire their society , and rejoyce in this community , setting before our eyes for example , that saying of Austin of the communion of Saints , made fellow heires with Christ through the mercy of our good God : Deus , cum baberet unicum , noluit esse unum , sed habere fratres . And , ( if in humane matters , humane examples more move ) remembring that Scipeo was as glad of his brothers preferment as of his owne ; and that Castor would not be a god without his brother Pollux , but would be only Semideus , that his brother might partake with him ; as is well said : Habent oculi in corpore magnum honorem , sed minorem haberent si soli essent . In the time of Claudius , the Emperour , when it was consulted that the Senate should bee supplyed with more Senators , the Peeres and Nobles of France , long before enfranchised free denizens of Rome , sought also to participate in honours , magistracies , and dignities with Romanes : and the matter being handled on both sides with great consideration , the Romanes alleadged against the French , that Italy wanted no sufficient men within it selfe , for it selfe . And that there was no reason to incorporate others with them , who had beene at so deadly hatred , and bloody warres against them . What ? no private men , not the common People , not Strangers , but enemies taken into the Senate ? Was it not counted for a wonder that the Athenians did take onely Anacharsis into their City ? Would the Lacedemonians admit the Tyrrheni to participate in their honors , though they had done them service ? And had their mothers also Athenian women ? But the good Emperour replying , said to the Senators , that he would assume into the Senate , of all his Subjects , such as he found most worthy , of what Countrey soever , alledging that his owne Ancestors were descended from the Sabins , and made of Nobility and Senate of Rome , and that the Iulij were taken from Alba , Coruncani from Camerium , the Porcij from Tusculum , Etruria , and Lucania , and from all parts of Italy chosen into the Senate . And that by this meanes Italy was extended , and greatly enlarged , so as not onely the people , but all their possessions , had their dependance upon the state of Rome , and grew into one Nation and people of Rome . And that a setled state chiefly flourished , when the people inhabiting even beyond the River Padus were received into the community of Romane Citizens . And lastly , that nothing was more hurtfull to the Lacedemonians and Athenians , then refusall to encrease the common-weale by accesse of new and other people . What ? Shall not they be admitted , because they and Romanes have had deadly feud one against another ? So the Aequi , so the Volsci . And yet are now all one and the same people of Rome . This forcible speech pierced their hearts , and prevailed so , as that all submitted their judgement to the Emperours wisedome . Which thing I thought good here to remember , not forgetting also what Anna said to Dido . Quam tu urbem soror hanc cernes ? quae surgere regna , Connubio tali , Troum Comitantibus armis ? Punica se quantis attollet gloria rebus ? Which if we consider , as we should , wee cannot then but ingenuously acknowledge , that good and praise-worthy was the speech of Paedaretus , who uederstanding he was not chosen into the number of the Trecenti , who chiefly bare rule , said , he did glory there were so many his betters in the Common-weale . And no lesse commendable was his saying , who wished , hee could raise frō the dead many moe , such excellent Citizens ; as Quintus Fabius well advertised Titus Octacilius , Nec tu id indignari possis aliquem in civitate Romana , meliorem haberi quam te . Doubtlesse the Common-Weale is more happy , and doth there more flourish , where is more choice of worthy honourable men , to be imployed in publique affaires , as need and occasion require . And as arrows in the hand of the strong man , so are the succession , and children of such ▪ blessed is our gracious King Charles , that hath many Kingdomes , like many quivers full of them : but as for the arrowes , which of them shall be taken forth , and sent , or shot abroad , that is in the power of the Archer : Neither may one say , why hast thou taken me ? nor the other , why am I left with the rest ? An non in coelo ipso sua luce sol Lunam superat , non vituperat ? Et stella à stella differt in gloria non dissidet in superbia ? And albeit there bee a kinde of jealousie , and naturall strangenesse among men , untill they better grow in knowledge one of the other , and doe eate , ( as our English Proverbe saith ) a Bushel of Salt together : yet have we long since shaken off that infamy , which Horace laid unjustly upon us , that Britaines were uncurteous , and unhospitall to staangers : and have learned to grant Incorporation , and immunities even to strangers in deed , and to enfranchise strange Nations for trade with us , making them partakers of our Rights : much more than should we be lesse nice of all immunity , and naturall community with us towards those , who now are one with us ; that though in the Comedy , cause of strangnesse among men be alleaged , Quia nec ille te novit , nec tu illum : yet we should be ashamed , quasi Canes , latratu accipere , quem non agnoscimus . Yea rather should we rejoyce to heare by this union , how that Lacedemonii Medizant , and Medi Lacedemonizant , both Scot and English , so familiarly converse together , and are growne into one anothers natures and manners , that like Servilii fratres , they are all one . And should we wish by reason of the neighbourhood , and neernesse of both Nations , as also for likenesse of language we should bee alone : even as the Historian discourseth of the Phryges and Trojani , and likewise other nations , how they were taken for the same , & called by one anothers names promiscuously , because they were so neere one to the other ; and the same also were counted but one Nation , and of one kinde , by reason they were of the same language : a most sure argument ( saith he ) that they be but one people , who agree in one language ; as it is most absurd , the inhabitants of the same places should differ in language , if they be of the same kinde . Why then ( as he saith ) Iube hanc maceriam dirui , quantum potest , huc transfer , unam fac domum . And according to that resolution , — foederis aquas Iungamus leges , sociosque in regna vocemus . Especially seeing they may challenge with us , Cives esse , & licet non easdemopes habere , eandem tamen patriam incolere : quare connubium petimus , & soci●tatem , quod finitimis , externisque dari solet : nibil novi ferimus , sed id , quod populi est , petimus : Vt quibus velit populus Romanus honores mandet . Was not Numa Pompilius , though no Romane , fetcht from Sabins , and made king of Rome ? Was not also Lucius Tarquinius , not so much of Romane blood , made king there ? And was not Survius Tullius , though borne basely , and of a bond-woman also , made king there ? Et dum nullum fastiditur genus , in quo eniterit virtus , Romanum crevit imperium ▪ but no such exception of Scottish blood , his Majestie being rightly , and anciently descended of royall English blood , and his nobles hence forth in their posterity , be●ing with us , and wee with them , all of Brittish blood ●an esse ulla major , aut in signi●or contumelia potest , quam partem civitatis , velut contaminatam , indignam connubio habe●ri ? Quid est aliud , quam exil●●um intra eadem moenia , qua● relegationem pati ? ne propi●quitatibus , ne affinitatibus im●misceamur , ne societur sanguis ▪ What can we say more but render all possible praise and thankes to our good , and gracious God , who by his servants our two gracious Soveraignes , hath reduced , and restored the whole Island of great Britaine , answerable to his first beginning , and ancient former being ; like to one City , even one Ierusalem , which is a City , at unity within it selfe . Hoc verè Regium , duos populos unum efficere . As the king of kings hath in mercy done to Iew and Gentile , to Grecian , and Barbarian , fecit utraque unum : he brake downe the partition Wall , and hath gathered the people , & kingdomes together to serve him , dissoci●ta locis concordi pace ligavit . And why should no● many , and moe then tw● kingdomes , as well civilly a●bide in unity of Subjection ▪ as many Christian nation● continue in unity of faith ▪ But that the one hath the spi●rit of God , which is autho● of peace , and lover of con●cord , directing them : and the other the spirit of Satan ▪ author of contention , and cause of confusion , perverting them . Which thi●g king David well perceived , praying God for his Sonn●Solomon , that he might enjoy the full possession of the whole dominion from sea to sea , promised to Israel under Moses , but not fully obtained till then , because of the peoples sins . And albeit for our manifold , and great sins , this whole Island was overlong divided into two , and forced by former division to many battels , and much shedding of blood ; yet we praise God , that in these our dayes , the full possession thereof is restored , and given to our peaceable Solomon ; so as not only all his own subjects , even from Sea , to Sea , of both the kingdomes , are in him united into one ; but even the potent , and powerfull neighbour kings seeke peace , and ' make league with Israel , even the kings of Tharsis , and of the Isles , bring presents , the kings of Sheba , and Seba brings guifts , as in the daies of Solomon . This change ( even the happiest change that ever was ) from a people so divided from one , by Gods eternall decree , and speciall mercy , to be made one , biddeth us open our eyes , and calleth us alowd , come , and see ; speque , fide que inquit , majora videbis . For our Island , formerly for sin divided ( as the Echinades Insulae , were faired by Poets , once far seperate , and distracted , for contempt of their Gods ) is now become like that Island Delos , which though it floated , and was tossed sometimes upon the waters , à gente in gentem , as one wave forceth another ; was neverthelesse reported to be afterwards , truly firme , and stable . Doubtlesse that God which hath written in the waters , and the Sea , legible for ever eye to see , and read Mare Britannicum : and who hath continually carried in directing the pens , and pensils of all Cosmographers , Mapmakers , or whatsoever Historiographers ( whom Alphonsus Sicilia calleth optimos Consiliarios mortuos ) not to alter the first , and old name , but to call it in all their writings and descriptions , Mare Britannicum ; hath graciously , and miraculously effected for the land also , that out of the dead ashes of old great Britaine , should be raised even the self same Britaine , as the Phenix living , and dying , est eadem , sed non eadem , quia ipsa , nec ipsa est . O admirable Metamorphosis , & happy changel England , and Scotland have left , though not lost , their names , both being preserved in the Bosome of great Britaine : Non duo sunt , nec forma duplex , but , neu●runque & utrunque videtur : and of both us English and Scottish being now Britaines may it be said , as of them two brethren , alteruter & uterque ; alteruter est uterque , ut●rque autem neuter . Which I againe call that faire Phoenix , dying , and living , eadem , & non eadem , quia ipsa nec ipsa est . In which , excellent ? and vyonderfull work , the rather , and better to bring to passe the good purpose of uniting the two kingdomes and people into one , it hath seemed best to the godly wisedome of divine providence , first , and long since to knit all our hearts in one holy religion , and in the same service , and godly worship , to make us all like Citizens with the Saints , and of the houshold of God , renewed in Christ , and reconciled into one body , acknowledging but one God , and professing but one faith , and religion , the hope of our vocation . Whereby we learne , and cannot but confesse , ( if , as Ciprian saith , consiliorum gubernaculum , lex sit divina ) that that Common Weale best pleaseth God , which commeth neerest to the Church of God , that wisest Polititiās , are best Christians , that best governments have correspondence with Gods lawes ; and that those kingdomes are best ruled , and the more blessed , which are of one heart and one obedience , even as all are one in Christ , who is the head , and all under his government , are by one spirit , but one body . Wherefore the good Emperors Theodosius , and Valentinianus writing to Ciprian Bishop of Alexandria , were bold to commend their government , according to the platforme , before described , saying : A pietate quae in deum est , Reipublicae nostrae constitutio pendet , & multa utrinque est cognatio , & societas , &c. Which most excellent patterne , and forme of government , is after the example of Christ , uniting all into one and this the Psalmist resembleth to that precious ointment , powred on the head of Aaron , and running downe his heard , even to the skirts of his cloathing : for so doth sweet and precious union rest chiefly in the head , which is but one , and from thence run all along , and alike to all the parts of the people , which are but one . But shame on Schisme , whither it be civill , or ecclesiasticall ; for it renteth the seamlesse Coat of Christ , both in the Church and in the Civill state , even in the doctrine , and ceremonies of the one against the truth of God ; and in christian charity , and common civility of the other against the peace of men . Wherefore whosoever opposeth himselfe against the one , or other , is more unreasonable , and may be thought more cruell , than the souldiers which would not divide Christs seamelesse Coat , but cast lots , whose it should be ; saying , Sortiamur cujus sit . For it cannot bee denied , but that they which divide Great Britaine , to have it divided within and against it selfe , divide that , for which they cannot say , sortiamur ; seeing cujus is known , and sit cannot be denied : but sortiamur , and cujus , and sit , should wholly , and only be left to his Majestie , and to his royall succession for ever . Only let our contention be , as was that of Israel and Iudah , who should be forwardest not only in bringing our King unto the seate of his kingdome , but also now to preserve the possession of his kingdome , Sartum & rectum , inseparably united to the King , and joyntly united and undivided within it selfe . Vnus rex , una lex ; unus pater , una communis patria ; unum caput unum corpus . Let not private respects hinder a common good : let every man be as one man , of one heart and one soule , united to his Majesties gracious intentions , which are for the everlasting good of every one . If the King had commanded thee a great thing , wouldest not thou have done it ? How much more then , when he saith , bee you all of one minde to live agreeably together , in one uniforme government , for your owne undoubted good . Cedat jus proprium regi , patriaeque remittat . And to conclude in nomine , & omine Concerdiae : to consummate this structure of union , and to consecrate it to all eternity , as the Romanes did their Temple of concord . Behold , now is the time of establishing the unity of both Nations together ; ( as he said ) Si quando unquam consociandi imperii tempus optastis , en hoc tempus adest , & virtute vestra , & deûm benignitate vobis datum . Heretofore , as C. Marius said , he could not audire ju● prae strepitu armorum ; so by reason of civill discord betwixt both Nations , the name of unity was but as a pleasant song , touching the eare , but not entring into the heart or serious consideration of either part . And so for many yeares this cogitation crept in every where . The name of Britain seemed as a brutish name , all commixtion betwixt us seemed confusion , any mutation for union sake an utter subversion of all the state . But now the matter is come Extra Rubiconem : jacta est alea : the matter is proceeded in , Aut nunquam tentes , aut perfice . Such a matter of state is not slightly to be intended . And I know , that all the honourable Commissioners on both sides thinke every one of themselves not to be imployed in this so great businesse , only as pro Consule and in his owne person , but pro Consulibus , & in commune omnium ; and therefore will be assembled like wise Romanes , who after long dissention , and part takings , made full reconcilement and concord perpetuall for all matters in Aede Concordiae . And I doubt not , but all Subjects will in all places , as the Graecians did after long variance embrace that joyfull {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} agreed on , for good of all , not for fashion sake , as among heathen , but for conscience sake , as among such , which truly know , and feare God , who is author of Vnity , and but one God : that so there bee henceforth , a perfect , and perpetuall establishment , according to the lawes of Medes , and Persians , which may not , nor cannot be altered ; remembering , inimicit●as mortales , amicitias immortales esse debere . Only yet I would set before all mens eyes that worthy speech of the renowned Tullus Hostilius King of Romanes , in the reconcilement of Rome , and Alba , and represented unto us in uniting England , and Scotland by our two gracious Soveraignes , Quod bonum faustum , foelixque sit populo Romano , ac mihi vobisque Albani , populum omnem Albanum , Romam traducere in animo est : Civitatem dare plebi : primores in patres legere : unam urbem : unam remupb . facere : & , ut ex uno quondam in duos populos diversa Albana res est , sic nunc in unum redeat . And now also concerning the name , I recite only a Poeticall fable , yet moralized , no fable : That when Neptune and Pallas did strive , whether of them should give name to Athens , it was agreed , that he , or she should name the City , who could bring the best gift for common good . Wherefore Neptune did strike the Shore , and it brought forth an horse , fore-shewing that Athens should bee warlike : but Pullas gave the City an Olive , signifying peace , and that the City should flourish by peace : whereupon , peace being more profitable than war , Neptune was enforced to yeeld his interest ; and Pallas gave the name . Oh how blessed are the peace-makers ? How beautifull are their feete ? How glorious , and joyfull the light of their countenance ? — pax optima rerum , Quas homini novisse datum est ; pax una triumphis Innumeris potio . K. Iames first Dove-like brought the Olive branch , shewing that the waters were abated , anger appeased , dangers escaped , sorrows fled , and that salvation and joy entered the Arke of Great Britaine . And it is and hath long been his most sacred Majesties desire to encrease and establish the Vnity of both Nations , happily begun by his father King Iames of blessed memory ; wherefore let it be the daily prayers of all true Subjects , that God in mercy will still continue the s●me , to his Majesty and his posterity for ever . FINIS .