Fides-Anglicana, or, A plea for the publick-faith of these nations lately pawned, forfeited and violated by some of their former trustees to the rendering it as infamous as fides-punica was heretofore : it is humbly offered to consideration in a petitionary remonstrance to all in authority on the behalf of many thousands to whom securities were given upon the said public-faith and was prepared to have been put forth during the sitting of the last Parliament ... / by the author George Wither. Wither, George, 1588-1667. This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A66753 of text R27622 in the English Short Title Catalog (Wing W3157). Textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish. This text has not been fully proofread Approx. 192 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 49 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. EarlyPrint Project Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO 2017 A66753 Wing W3157 ESTC R27622 09985480 ocm 09985480 44454 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A66753) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 44454) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1371:5) Fides-Anglicana, or, A plea for the publick-faith of these nations lately pawned, forfeited and violated by some of their former trustees to the rendering it as infamous as fides-punica was heretofore : it is humbly offered to consideration in a petitionary remonstrance to all in authority on the behalf of many thousands to whom securities were given upon the said public-faith and was prepared to have been put forth during the sitting of the last Parliament ... / by the author George Wither. Wither, George, 1588-1667. 94 p. [s.n.], London : 1660. Reproduction of original in the Harvard University Library. eng Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1660-1688. A66753 R27622 (Wing W3157). civilwar no Fides-Anglicana. Or, A plea for the publick-faith of these nations, lately pawned, forfeited and violated by some of their former trustees, Wither, George 1660 32876 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 B The rate of 1 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the B category of texts with fewer than 10 defects per 10,000 words. 2005-06 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2005-06 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2005-07 Jonathan Blaney Sampled and proofread 2005-07 Jonathan Blaney Text and markup reviewed and edited 2005-10 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion FIDES-ANGLICANA . OR , A PLEA FOR THE PUBLICK-FAITH Of these NATIONS , Lately pawned , forfeited and violated by some of their former TRUSTEES , to the rendring it as infamous , as FIDES-PUNICA was heretofore . It is humbly offered to consideration , in a Petitionary Remonstrance to all in Authority , on the behalf of many thousands , to whom Securities were given upon the said Publick-Faith ; and was prepared to have been put forth during the sitting of the last Parliament . By the Author GEORGE WITHER . It comprehends likewise , an Expedient , whereby the Honour of the King and Nations may be preserved in redeeming the same , without oppressing private persons , or overburthening the Publick : And thereto are added two or three Examplary Narratives out of Antiquity , evidencing that Neglect of Justice is dangerous ; and that the freedom of expression assumed by the Author , is neither needless in such cases , nor unjustifiable by warrantable precedents . Veritas non quaerit Angulos . LONDON , Printed in the year MDCLX . FIDES-ANGLICANA . OR , A PLEA by way of Remonstrance , for the Publick-Faith of these Brittish Nations , humbly offered to all in Power and Authority , joyntly and individually , by whatsoever Title or Name they are lawfully active ; and to whom a care of preserving the Peace and Honour of these Kingdoms doth appertain . Psalm 82. v. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , &c. GOD standeth in the Congregation of the mighty , he judgeth among the Gods : How long will ye judge unjustly , and accept the persons of the wicked ? Defend the poor and fatherless , do justice to the afflicted , preserve the poor and needy out of the hands of the ungodly , &c. WHereas in the Hopes entertained rationally by this Remonstrant and others , upon his Majesties late voluntary and gracious condescentions ( without any care taken for our Indempnity , at his Restauration , by the Trustees of these Nations ) they rested thankfully therewith contented ; being much comforted in the Kings prudent and tender respect vouchsafed to their sad condition ; and have ever since , ( though it be now about eight or nine Moneths ) waited in a patient expectation of some timely settlement , according to his Royal Declaration , Speeches , References and Commission ; notwithstanding many of them have in the mean time been almost quite destroyed in their estates and credits , and some utterly ruined by the impatience of their Creditors ; by the violence of untimely Intruders upon their possessions ; by vexatious suits commenced against them ; and by paying great taxes and other duties , for those Lands by them purchased , which are intruded upon contrary to an Order of Parliament , and other Prohibitions ; as also , because some of the said Purchasers have been so impoverished by former Oppressions , that ( to the Publick damage , as well as to their own ) much of the said Lands lyeth waste , in regard they have neither wherewith to stock those which came lately into possession , nor means to demise them to Tenants , whilest their Titles are disparaged . Which with other destructive grievances daily multiplying , have constrained this Remonstrant ( who in his own person , is made sensible of other mens afflictions , well near in every kind ) both for preventing the utter undoing of himself with his Relations , and of many thousands more , together with their Creditors and Relations , humbly to Remonstrate as follows . That the long delayed , and justly expected Relief of the said Purchasers and Lenders ( of which this Remonstrant is one ) seems to him prolonged by the sinister endeavours or neglects of some from whom they hoped better things , occasioning no less dishonour and hazard to the King and Nation , then injury to their patience , whose dammages are multiplyed thereby : For instead of what was rationally hoped for , this Remonstrant and many more , are among other frequent upbraidings and provocations , jeered with this untimely and unsavoury caution , Caveat emptor ; which hath obliquely , a worse reflection upon Venders then Buyers in their condition ; implying rather Caveant Venditores , in regard it is a Caveat to be given before-hand ; and to those only , who contract with persons justly suspected to be either Cheaters or Beggars , and ought not to be applyed to them who were Purchasers from States or Parliaments , who have engaged the Publick Faith of a whole Nation to confirm their Sales and Securities : For they should with reverence be confided in , by all under their Authority , lest such become guilty of exposing it to contempt ; and therefore , the said Purchasers and Lenders , were not ( till really damnified ) to suspect or question , Whether the Grants and Securities to them offered , would be valid or invalid ; or Whether the Estates exposed to sale by the Parliament , were justly or unjustly bargained and sold ; because it was to be presumed that States and Parliaments , are not only at all times able to make good their Bargains and Securities , or to give full recompence to those who shall be thereby damnified , if it prove otherwise ; but that ( being thereto obliged both in honour and justice ) they will also punctually perform the one or the other , without receding from their Bargains , or hagling like broken debtors : And therefore by one of these wayes , the said Purchasers and Lenders presume they shall accordingly be saved harmless . And , it is their humble desire , it may be timely and effectually done , in respect of those destructive necessities afore-mentioned , whereinto many of them are plunged ; and that they may not be listened unto , who seek to perswade those who should relieve them , that ( as affairs now stand ) there is no obligation upon the Supream Power , or upon the Representatives of this Nation , to take cognizance of those engagements ; For , whatsoever they think , the Publick Peace , and the honour of the whole Nation , together with their Kings and Parliaments , will therein be much concerned , whether their Power who granted those Estates and Securities , were justly or unjustly constituted , or exercised ; considering it was then the sole visible Power in being , assented and submitted unto as an authentick Authority , by the greatest number of the people of every degree and qualification , in these three Nations , without any open contradiction ( which implies an universall assent , or what is so equivalent thereto , that a factious or rebellious combination could not be justly thereto imputed . ) It was acknowledged to be then the Supream Power , not only by popular voices in the air , but by voluntary subscriptions also , under the hands of well near all the Magistrates , Knights , Citizens and Burgers of all Counties , Cities and Corporations in these Dominions , without any open protest made against it ; and , de non apparentibus & non existentibus eadem est ratio : Those things , which when they should appear , appear not , reputed are , among the things that are not . Moreover , it was actually owned and obeyed by the Nobility , as the Supream Authority , and by the reverend Judges of our Land in every Court of Record ; by the Pastors of Parochial Churches , and Congregations of each several judgement , to be by divine Precepts , and the examplary practise of Christ and his Apostles , that Power ( being then the Power which had sole visible being ) whereto obedience was due : Such also it was generally reputed and acknowledged by the Publick Ministers of all neighbouring Nations , Kings , Princes , and Republicks ; wiser then whom , it could not be expected , that this Remonstrant , or any of the said Purchasers and Lenders should have been . Therefore , if they were deceived , the examples of such considerable persons , and so much Reason deceived them , that no man living can be certain , wherein he is not deceived ; or that he may not be as much deceived now , or hereafter , as he , and others were heretofore . But , without question , the Powers in being , whether by Gods Grace or permission , all Power being given by him , ( even that which Pontius Pilate had to crucifie his Son ) are to be the object of our obedience while they continue , whatsoever they seem ; and no man can be justly blamed for submitting actively thereunto in meer civil things , or with a passive obedience , in matters relating to GOD and Conscience ; nor can this Principle be disadvantagious to the Power for the time being , but will be a great strengthening and security thereunto , if well understood : Even as a man , whether he were lawfully or unlawfully begotten , is truly and essentially a man , and so reputed , as long as the Soul and Body continue together , ( howsoever he shall be dismembred by others , or by his own default . ) So , that Power and Parliament , by which the said Securities and Sales were given and made , were a valid Power , and a true Parliament , to all intents and purposes , so long as they retained that which was essential to supream Powers and Parliaments , how surreptiously soever that Power was acquired , or whatsoever was but accidentally defective : Or else perhaps , the lawfulness of most Powers and Parliaments , ( yea , and of most humane Authorities and Constitutions ) would be otherwise found defective enough to be questioned , and to have all their transactions rendred invalid : And so likewise , they may de facto ( how just soever they be de jure ) when a Power shall be permitted to raign , which is strong enough to make WILL and PLEASURE the Supream Law : For ( to speak truth in plain English , which this Remonstrant heartily loves to do , when just occasion is offered ) a prevailing Power , in the hands of Tyrants , ( howsoever acquired ) is while it hath being , paramount to all Laws and rational Arguments ; and will be obeyed in every thing as it pleaseth , right or wrong ; or else break or destroy all that opposeth it , till GOD extraordinarily restrains it , or breaks it into pieces . Blessed be his name for it , we are not yet subjected to such a Tyrannie as our sins have deserved ; but , to a King from whom we have received an Earnest , making us hopeful that Justice and Mercy will equally flow from the Throne , either when he shall be fully and rightly informed of such particulars as are pertinent to his cognizance and care ; or when GOD's time is come : And therefore , this Remonstrant , doth in order thereunto , hereby signifie on behalf of himself and such other Purchasers and Lenders as aforesaid ; that , when they engaged with and for the the said Parliament ( lent their moneys , and purchased the forementioned estates ) they did it not upon any factious Principle ; nor meerly to get satisfaction for what they had disbursed , or to have recompence for services formerly done ; but , for supply also of Publick necessities , and to dis-engage the said Parliament and Nation from those debts , which were originally contracted for the service of the late King ; by which debts , other engagements were ( in part at least ) occasioned ; and for discharge whereof , that Parliament was impowered to continue undissolved , till the said debts and engagements were paid and discharged : And this Remonstrant then believed , and still believes , that the said Parliament was fully authorised , both to raise money by what lawfull means they could , to supply publick wants , and to make such Sales and Securities as they proposed , to repay and satisfie for what was lent , bought , or acted by their commands , for the Publick honour or safety : And he so believes , because Parliaments were that Supream Council of the Kingdom , to whose Orders , Acts , and Ordinances , the people had ever heretofore been obedient , without scruple or blame ; yea , whereto no less obedience was required , then to the Kings personal commands ; nay , much more , as it was then thought , when Empson and Dudley , two eminent persons , ( and as this Remonstrant remembers ) of the Kings privy Council , were condemned by Judgement in Parliament , and executed for their officious obedience , in executing the Kings illegal Commission under the great Seal of England ; which was more obliging , then his personal mandates . A Popular Supream Power , whilest it is actually in being , cannot be properly impeached of Treason , nor any who acts by the commands or authority thereof : Because , it was then our duty to be obedient thereto . And though a single person , or few , or many , yea though Cities , Counties , Provinces , and whole Armies may be Traytors , it is not reasonably supposed the Representatives of whole Nations can so be , and if possibly they might , there is no competent Judge thereof but GOD himself , who usually determineth such differences ( as he is LORD of Hosts ) by the sword , as he did lately upon a joynt appeal , and afterward , by reversing again that Judgement for the sins of these Nations , hath righteously executed his dooms on both parties , for their mutual failings in their reciprocal Relations ; and which dooms were reciprocally inflicted on both the said parties for their treasons against his divine Majesty , for their gross hypocrisies , apostasies , prophaneness , unmercifulness and injustice , in which many imitate each other to this day . For even many of those actions which ought not to have been done , lay obligations upon their actors and their successors , when they are done . Children should not be unlawfully begotten ; yet when mis-begotten , the parents are obliged in all duties by them to be performed to their children . The Israelites were not to have made a league with the Gibeonites ; but when it was made , they were bound to observe it ; and for the breach thereof , the whole Nation was punished many years after , and seven of their Kings sons hanged also for that transgression . Moreover , it is further considerable , that the Parliament which made the said Sales , and granted the said Securities , were both the Kings and Peoples Trustees , summoned by the late Kings Writ , to consult about the most weighty affairs of the Kingdom , and delegated by a popular Election , to dispose of the Peoples Interest , as they should find cause , for the Common good . And thereupon , this Remonstrant conceived , he might reasonably have confided as much in that Parliament , as in this now sitting ; and doth suppose , that they who make question of the former , may as rationally be doubtful , both of this , and of all future Parliaments ; especially , if the successors of that Power and Parliament shall not , ( or ought not in equity ) to confirm their Sales and Securities , nor give recompence to those who are damnified , out of the estates of those who trusted them with the Publick Faith , whose estates , as long as they shall be a people , will in conscience , be liable thereunto . And , it seems to this Remonstrant , by matter of Fact , since the sitting of this present Parliament , that even in their judgement , the Sales and Securities , granted and given by the long Parliament , should be made good according to their intention . For , they caused or ordered payment to be made of very great summs to the now Lord Maior of London , and to Major General Massey ; persons who heretofore were of the same judgement with other men , now called Phanatiques ; and who then opposed the Kings armed power , both in Field and Garrison , as vigorously as any , in the beginning of the late war ; and were instrumental in that , which enabled others to prosecute him to death : These had no other , but the very same Security , which the Remonstrant , and the rest afore-mentioned , had for money lent , lands bought , and services done by the commands of that Representative of this Nation , and which to make good the said Securities , was by a peculiar positive Law , to have been continued as aforesaid , to that purpose , till they were dissolved by an Act of Parliament , with their own consent . The loss of which Power , whether occasioned by their own default , or other mens , or by GOD's immediate justice upon them , is no bar in equity , to the Purchases claimed , Securities or Debts aforesaid ; in regard the Nation in whose name they were made and contracted , to whose use the said money was raised , by the said Sales , Loans , and Condescentions ; ( and upon whose credit also they were granted by their own Acts , personated by their Trustees ) is the same Nation by whom all this was transacted , and to whom the injustice and dishonour of violating those Securities will be imputed : And if the Representative thereof now in being , or some other hereafter impowered , provide not an expedient whereby to disoblige it from the said Securities , it will be a blot upon it ( yea worse ) whilest it is a Nation . For , it will be liable to the Judgements which are due to such a failing , in what ought to be performed . Also , if those Securities be rendred void , ( for whose confirmation such extraordinary provision was made ) nothing will hereafter be reputed a good Security , which can be thereby given : For , in probability , States and Parliaments will so lose their credit , that they will not only be reputed the greatest cheaters in the world ; and the most cruel and most foolish destroyers of their own honour and relations ; but also , in whatsoever necessity they shall be , will never more be confided in , notwithstanding all their specious pretences , plausible Speeches , Declarations , Protestations , and Engagements ; and then their Magisterial slighting , contemning , and condemning , just and reasonable Proposals , Cautions , and humble requests of oppressed Supplicants , will have evil Consequents , though they may serve their ends for a while . The Remonstrant fears this Result , and that there are some endeavouring to make invalid the said Securities , together with the Kings gracious condescentions , if it be possible , both to the Remonstrant and others , who can hardly walk the streets without abusive affronts and provocations ; in which considerations it is presumed he is allowed by the Law of Nature , ( and shall be permitted by your humanity ) to plead and insinuate in a peaceable manner , such Motives as reasonably tend to their timely relief ; especially , when they are made almost careless of their lives by being totally deprived of that , whereupon life dependeth , through their neglect of Justice to whom they conscientiously adhered . But much more weight may be laid upon the Argument drawn from that tender respect , that ought to be had to the honour of the King and his Parliament , which this Remonstrant cannot chuse but frequently touch upon , as being of very high concernment . A Gentleman of the lowest rank , who hath any sense of his true honour , is no less careful to keep his word and promise , then to perform what he is obliged unto by an Instrument confirmed with hand and seal ; yea more , because he to whom he stands engaged by the latter , confided less in him , and hath a legal security , whereby he may probably be saved harmless , howsoever he be inclined to make performance , who gave him credit . And it ought to be remembred , that by his Majesties Declaration from Breda , concerning Sales ; by a Declaration made in this Parliament the 8. of May last ; by his Majesties Proclamation the 6. of June last ; by an Order in Parliament last August , restraining Ecclesiasticks from granting Leases of any of the said lands by them claimed ; by his Majesties Speech at the end of the first Session of this Parliament ; and by the L. Chancellours Speech seconding the same ; ( which gave hope that som good proceed should be made toward the relief promised , before the Members of this Parliament were arrived at their Countrey-Houses . ) It seemed to be the intent both of the King , and of this Parliament , that the said Purchases should , and ought , to have been confirmed to the late Purchasers ; and that in the mean time , their possessions should be quieted , and their Rents and Arrears paid unto them by their Tenants : Nevertheless , to the dishonour both of the King and Parliament , the Prelates not only slight the Orders and Acts of the Commons alone , and the Ordinances of the Lords and Commons joyntly , with that which was declared by the King , as aforesaid ; but , do many other wayes , act so violently and arbitrarily repugnant to these condescentions , as if they would make the People believe , that they knew the King and this Parliament intended not what they declared , except only in things relating to the benefit of them the said Prelates : For , the first Votes of this House of Commons , for restoring them to their Mansion-Houses , and the Votes of the Grand Committee , excluding persons , under several Qualifications , ( not excepted in the Act of Oblivion ) from the benefit of the intended Act for confirmation of Sales , they observe , and impose as Laws upon the People ; but , on the contrary , the Votes of the same House , for prohibiting them the said Ecclesiasticks to grant any Leases , until the intended Act of Sales was passed ; as also , for the Augmentation of Vicaredges , and the Votes of the said Grand Committee , for satisfying the Purchasers their money and Interest , before they did part with their possessions , they reject as of no force , the Parliament being dissolved ; and regard the said Ordinances of the Lords and Commons , and the said Acts and Orders of the Commons alone , much less . Moreover , if in any thing his Majesties Commissioners encline to give the least satisfaction to any Purchaser , the said Ecclesiasticks cry out against it as an Arbitrary Prerogative Commission ; though in cases relating to their advantage , they cry up the Prerogative against the Laws . Also upon Petitions of some of the Purchasers ( as the Remonstrant is informed ) Orders are made , seeming to enable them to receive all Arrears due before the 24. of June last ; when it is well known ( perhaps to themselves ) that by the Act of Oblivion , Arrears to that day are generally pardoned , and that the Tenants who ought to have paid them , lay hold on that Act , and disobey those Orders ; by which means , Officers are only benefited , and the suiters more damnified by expences , instead of getting relief ; So that , whereas Purchasers are invited to bring in their deeds to be cancelled , upon promising that they should receive all Rents due at and before Michaelmas last , it would be plainer dealing to tell them , they should have a Quarters Rent , to relinquish their purchases ; for in truth it amounts to no more , from June 24 to Michaelmas next following . Furthermore , there being nothing promised by King or Parliament , as aforesaid , in their Declarations , in relation to the Old Tenants of Prelates Lands , ( the said Tenants having had pre-emption before all other , when the said Lands were sold ; enjoying also their full term without interruption , during their respective Leases ; and being no otherwise displaced , then they usually were formerly when the said Prelates pleased by Concurrent Leases or otherwise , to take these Farms into their own hands , or for the benefit of their children and relations , at the expiration of their Terms ) it had been more candid usage , to have absolutely signified to the Purchasers , that the said Old Tenants should be preferred before them , rather then to permit the said Purchasers ( deluded by a vain hope ) to consume money and time in seeking for a Composition , and to suffer the said Prelates in the mean time , to receive their whole Rents , to eject the Purchasers by force , when they had paid all Taxes , with other duties , not without great expence bestowed in fencing , soyling , plowing and sowing the said Lands ; and also to grant Leases , as they have done , to the vacating of all the cost and labour of the said Purchasers , in pursuing what seemed graciously intended both by King and Parliament on their behalf . These and many other passages , which this Remonstrant hath observed , makes it appear unto him , that there is not that care yet taken to preserve the honour of the King and of this Parliament , in giving satisfaction to Purchasers , as might be wished ; and that there is not that respect had to Justice and good Conscience , in satisfying them , as hath been heretofore vouchsafed by Princes , States , and Parliaments in the like Cases . In true Reason , ( which distinguisheth Men from Beasts , as Justice and Mercy differences them from Devils ) this Remonstrant conceives , that the whole matter in Fact and Judgement , concerning the said Sales and Securities , must unavoidably be brought to this Dilemma ; ( to wit ) either the Long Parliament had Power to make such Sales , and grant such Securities as aforesaid , or else they had not : If they had such a Power , then their Sales and Securities must be allowed and confirmed ; or , at least , ( if in Law or Equity , restitution of what was by them sold , ought to be made to the former possessors ) then recompence must be given another way ; else injustice is commited , GOD , and the Nation are dishonoured , and many thousand Families and innocent persons will be unmercifully exposed to ruine ; and that severity and want of compassion , for which they were visited in wrath , who last abused their Power , will be more then doubled . GOD is the same he was ; and if private men , for not performing their Covenants made to and with each other , ( though to their own hindrance ) shall be excluded from his Tabernacle ; doubtless an equivalent Judgement will be extended to States and Parliaments , or those whom they represent . Then , on the other part it 〈◊〉 should be granted that the foresaid Parliament 〈◊〉 , and exercised wilfully a Power , not thereto belonging , to the damnifying of those who confided in them ; that Parliaments successors ought then in Justice , to award satisfaction out of their estates , who arrogated such an unwarrantable Power , as far as they will extend , if they can be distinguished from those among them , who were guiltless : And if that distinction cannot be made , or , the damages exceed their abilities ; then , condign satisfaction should be made out of their Common purse , who intrusted those with the Publick-Faith : For , the greatest part of the People have often been too careless upon whom they impose that confidence , and perhaps , will be more wary , when they have well paid for it , what persons they chuse ; and be so wise , as to consider , that they who have not wit enough to govern their private estates , or they who consume many thousands of pounds , in Ale houses , Inns and Taverns , ( whose reckonings , as this Remonstrant hears , are not yet paid ) to procure themselves to be Elected by Feastings and Drunkenness , had probably some worse ends in being so prodigal , then a sincere intention , to serve GOD , the King , and their Countrey . Yet , neither this Remonstrant , nor as he believeth , many of the said Purchasers and Lenders , do expect satisfaction should be made them at full for all their damages , ( though in justice it ought so to be ) but considering the Publick wants , and other private mens necessities , as well as their own ; with how much it may tend at this time to the settlement of Peace and Amity , that every man should enjoy a comfortable subsistence , they would rest contented with so much only toward a repair , as might discharge them from their engagements occasioned by the said Loans and Purchases , to the redeeming the loss of their liberties , and to preserve a competency proportionable to their several degrees , and the condition of their nearest relations ; which might be raised without overburthening any , if such Expedients might be speedily taken into consideration , and vigorously prosecuted , as may be hereafter proposed ; whereas the course which is yet pursued , will neither be a means of relieving many , nor of so reconciling disagreeing Parties , but that the Breaches will daily grow wider , and encrease Animosities till they become irreconcileable ; and kindle such an universal flame by private fewds and vexatious suits , that it will never perhaps be quenched , whilest ought is left unconsumed , or whilest any considerable number of them , or of their Posterities , are living , who were unhappily engaged against each other in the late war : And for prevention whereof , there will be no possibility in nature , but by a general Forgiveness on all sides , mediated by a moderate course , to preserve in some indifferent measure , that Interest by which each man may be comfortably maintained : For , until that be sincerely endeavoured , prosecuting the rigour of the Laws , by imprisoning , suing , hanging , beheading and quartering will terrisie few of those who have neither estates to lose , nor an outward condition of life worth preserveing : Nor in such cases will preaching the principles of morality , or Evangelical Precepts prevail much , but with men , naturally meek , ( or perhaps cowardly ) or such as are of so true a Christian and sanctified a temper , that , according to the doctrine and example of Christ , they can freely forgive their enemies , and submit to any thing , wherewith it shall please GOD to permit the Supream Power to exercise their Faith and Patience ; which number is so small in respect of the rest of those who are at this time exasperated , in relation to their Estates , Credits and Consciences , ( as they will pretend at least ) that the Publick charge , which the present Government may be constrained yearly to continue , will amount to more , then that which would suffice to calm their spirits , by a repair of their destructive damages : And yet their suppression by violence , may paradventure also , be prolonged , until some advantage be gotten by the changeableness of humane affairs , to let their fury break forth in such a time as may destroy or endanger that peace , which they desire to preserve : For , an Army is a security which hath in it , neither certainty nor safety . It being therefore this Remonstrants principle , not only to seek the preservation of that visible Power whereto God subjects him , out of prudence and moral gratitude , because it protects him ; but even for conscience sake also , ( though it should oppress him , as the last did ) he thinks it his duty to give a Caveat , whereby they whom it shall concern , may take it into consideration , whether both Parties which have opposed each other , are not in some respect so equally guilty of the sins occasioning the Judgements under which they have lain together , or by turns ; and whether it will not be their next and safest way to a general peace , to divide the burthen which now lies destructively upon many , to be born by the whole Nation , and to make it as easie , as Justice and Prudence will permit , by an impartial respect to the interest of all Parties concerned : To which end , somewhat shall be proposed before the conclusion of this Remonstrance ; not Magisterially , to be strictly so or so prosecuted ; but rather , to be a hint of something to that purpose , to be deliberately determined by wiser men . It will be pertinent to common peace , to take notice how many hundred thousands are at this time exasperated , by being nigh totally destroy'd or much impoverished by the loss of their livelihoods & liberties , with little hope of remedy : Some , by imprisonment upon malicious suggestions only , without any cause of offence given ; some by being deprived of their monies exacted , lent or contributed upon the Publick Faith , to that Power whereto they heretofore submitted conscientiously , or by compulsion ; some by being ejected forcibly out of Lands , Offices , or other Estates by them Purchased , and formerly belonging to the King , Queen , Prince , Prelates , and such as were then reputed Delinquents ; some by taking up , on valuable considerations , those Lands or Offices from the first or second Purchasers and Possessors , in satisfaction , or in relation to debts , jointures , childrens portions , or other collateral Contracts , Securities , or Engagements ; and some by great summs expended in buildings or other improvements , borrowed from many who are quite undone by their disability to repay it ; occasioning suits and quarrels no less destructive to them , then to the original Purchasers and Lenders . And not a few thousands are as much discontented upon other civil and conscientious accounts , whom to provoke altogether , may be of dangerous consequence , though the Kings Indulgence hath much qualified and settled the minds and estates of some : For little advantaged will they be by a pardon for life , who needed it , or for ought else criminal , who are put into a worse condition by living , then to be executed ten times by the hang-man . The natural temper of this Nation , is for these respects much to be regarded , and they are accordingly to be dealt withall ; as it was prudently counselled by King Henry the fourth , upon his death-bed to his Son , whose words I will here insert as not impertinent . I charge thee ( said he ) before God , to minister the Law indifferently to all , to ease the oppressed , to beware of flatterers , not to deferr Justice , nor yet to be sparing of mercy ; punish the oppressors of thy people , so shalt thou obtain favour of God , and love and fear of thy Subjects , who whilest they have wealth , so long shalt thou have their obedience ; but , made poor by oppressions , will be ready to make Insurrections ; Rejoyce not so much in the glory of thy Crown , as meditate on the burthenous care which accompanies it . Mingle Love with Fear ; so thou , as the heart , shalt be defended in the midst of the body ; but know , that neither the heart without the members , nor King without the Subjects help , is of any force . Speed , pag. 763. This Remonstrant conceives , he might have procured many thousand hands subscribed to attest the reasonableness of this Caution , and of what else is in this Remonstrance expressed or desired ; but he endeavoured it not , because , he thinks it will be needless to wise men , who very well know , that common cheat signifies little or nothing , as hands are usually procured . When Reason prevails not more then Voices , there is small hope of Justice . And , as it was said to Dives , They who will not believe Moses and the Prophets , will not believe one sent from the dead . So , may this Remonstrant say , They , who will not be moved to do conscionable and righteous things , for the sake of Justice and Mercy , will little regard Remonstrances or Petitions , subscribed with many thousand hands , till they feel them about their ears ; or , until the vengeance of GOD seizes on them , as it lately did on those who neglected good Cautions , until they had not power to put them in execution . Misconster not this , as a secret threat to any in Authority ; for it is humbly and soberly intended , to be only a Memorandum , useful at this time , wherein all have not the patience of Saints , who are grieved or oppressed . That , which hath been , may be again hereafter ; and there be among those who are now depressed , some of those Anointed-ones of the LORD , whom he will not permit to be harmfully touched without Vengeance : For , he hath other Anointed-ones beside Kings , whom he often reproves for their sakes ; and verily he will not forget the poor for ever , though to humble them for their transgressions , he hideth his face from them for a season ; at least , his Everlasting Mercies , he will not take from them . God preserve us from seditious and mutinous repinings ; and give us all grace , from the lowest to the highest , joyntly and severally , to endeavour that which prevents desperate Activities , and take away every occasion of temptations thereunto : For , though meek and conscientious men , will , as they ought to do , wait patiently upon GOD in all their sufferings ; yet meer natural men , ( of which sort , the greatest number of those many thousands consist , who are made almost desperately careless of their lives ) will not easily conform to Evangelical principles , ( as is before implyed ) but , perhaps , when their personal wants are aggravated with the importunings and upbraidings of Creditors , the neglects of friends , and the scorn of enemies , the jears of neighbours , and the cries of perishing wives and children , it may so provoke them , that in such extremities , they will have as a little regard to Reason , Religion and Civil duties , as they had to their sad Petitions from whom they expected Justice or Compassion ; and then like provoked English Mastives , ( the true Hieroglyphicks of English mens temper ) fly upon Bulls , Bears or Lyons , without fear of their inequality in strength and number , or into any dangerous attempts . Take it not therefore offensively , that you are in this extraordinary manner forewarned thereof . Many things have been this year permitted by way of premonition , more then at other times . The Waters , which are the Peoples Hieroglyphick , have had several prodigeous motions ; the Air , not a few portentuous impressions ; yea , the Fire and Earth also ; and many other of GOD's creatures have contributed symptoms pertinent to our instruction , which ought to be well heeded ; and are no such Non significants , as they would seem to think them , who do what they can to becloud them . It may be , the late Insurrection of those few , called Fifth-Monarchy-men , hath somewhat in it which tends to premonition : For , GOD and Nature never act or permit any thing in vain ( no not the falling of a sparrow to the ground , or the numbring of hairs ) and , this Remonstrant , therefore , conceiving himself obliged to declare his sense thereupon , will make bold here to insert it , that it may not be altogether fruitless . He truly professeth he knew not one of those persons , so much as by name , and is as far from justifying that , or any such attempt , as they who either martially or legally prosecuted them to their destruction in the flesh . For , though Moses slew the Aegyptian which oppressed an Israelite , being then but a private person , Rahab confederated with forraign spies , to the destruction of her native City ; Jael infringed both a League and the Law of Hospitality , in killing Sisera ; and Ehud , under colour of presenting a Gift , and of being a Messenger from GOD , slew King Eglon , to whom he was a tributary Subject ; and these had no doubt , secret warrants from GOD for those irregular Actings , by a divine impulse upon their spirits , making them content to hazard the destruction of their bodies to a temporal condemnation in those services ; but no such secret ever entred into the soul of this Remonstrant , nor doth he find his heart enclinable to act any thing not warrantable by the revealed will of GOD ; because , he finds , as well by what hath within his own experience befaln to some , as by the example of Simeon and Levi , that , men may be so deluded , by their own fancies and corruptions , as to think the most barbarous cruelties are acts of Justice . Therefore he leaves the judgement of those persons , and of such attempts , to those unto whom they appertain , and to God , who only knows their hearts , their purposes and warrants , if they had any ; and whose Mercies being infinite , and his Judgements past searching out , doth sometime permit external Judgements to seize upon a few , to make way for many to escape them ; and otherwhile exposeth men to temporal cruelties , without mercy here , that an everlasting mercy may be enjoyed hereafter . But , whatever those persons were in themselves ; or whatsoever that attempt was in its own nature ; this Remonstrant is very certain that it was a Providential permission , for their sins and ours , hinting unto this Generation , things very pertinent thereto ; and foreshewing somewhat to come , ( if not prevented by Repentance and Amendment ) which it will concern us to search after , with as much diligence as we can . What it particularly points at , he hath a dark view by a contemplative Vision , like an imperfect Apparition in the Air , which is not visible enough to be ascertained in words to other men ; yet sufficient he thereby discovereth to make it evident to himself , that such previous considerations as these that follow , will be very needfull . First , forasmuch ( as aforesaid ) GOD and Nature act or permit nothing in vain ; It is to be considered , that the suddain rising and desperate attempt before-mentioned , tends to more then such a vanity seems to be in it self ; and that the Circumstances of the Fact , and the Qualifications of the persons , may have much in them tending to the disquisition of what Providence intended . Secondly , It is to be considered , That if Moral and Religious men , being left to themselves , may be transported into such dangerous extravagancies , what they may possibly be hurried into , who have neither honesty nor Religion to restrain them , if GOD should be then provoaked , to give way to their corruptions , when they are tempted by their Lusts , or exasperated by Sufferings , which they conceive injuriously inflicted . Thirdly , If upon a mistaken Principle , a few persons , seduced to take up carnal weapons to prosecute a spiritual warfare , might be so encouraged , and elevated in their spirits , as to out-dare the whole Power of one of the greatest and most populous Cities in the world ; even when her Citizens were in Arms , in readiness upon their guards , and the Militia of the whole Kingdom without her walls , in a defensive and an offensive posture , to assist if need were : It is very considerable , what the effect thereof might be , if the whole Body of GOD's Elect in these Nations , spirited by an unquestionable belief , grounded upon his promises , should engage all together as one man in his Cause , armed with all the spiritual weapons offensive and defensive . Fourthly , It is observable , that those Impulses which are termed Phanaticall , and those persons who are agitated by them , are neither to be slighted , nor inconsiderately treated withall : Because , if they be moved by divine Instinct , ( which may be discernable ) as Jonathan and his Armour-bearer were , two of them will be able to rout a whole Garrison , ten to chase an hundred , and an hundred to put a thousand to flight . If they be stirred up , but by a meer Phanatique delusion , they may accidentally , be sufficiently spirited , thereby to vanquish a Power , much superiour to themselves in strength and number , as it hath often happened , when unequal Armies have joyned battle , and the superstitious vulgar were prepossessed by some ominous conceit or presage divulged among them : As for instance , at the battle of Agencourt , ( if the Remonstrants remembrance fails him not ) when the English , over-powered by their numerous Adversaries , ten ( nay twenty to one ) as some writers affirm , ( when their strength was spent , by sickness and weariness , and they quite surrounded , and seeming without hope of escaping an utter defeat ) a prediction being divulged among them , which had long before presaged , that the stones of the field should rise up for them against the French : GOD , who is the giver of Victories , permitted that despicable means , to be instrumental thereto ; for , weapons failing , and the English thereby encouraged , took up stones , and obtained the most signal Victory , that ever was gotten in these parts of the world . And the most famous Captains among the Antients , made use of Auguries , Predictions , and such like mediums , to stir in their souldiery such impulses , as we call Phanatique , and very frequently thereby prevailed . Fifthly , If a handful of men ( as it were ) upon a conscientious account only , built upon a false ground , without being moved with respect to their personal damages or interests , could be so desperately and obstinately resolved : It is considerable , what the desperation of so many hundred thousands may amount unto ; who are or may be exasperated through unsufferable insolencies and oppressions , making them careless of their lives , by defect of all things pertinent to a comfortable life ; they having therewith no sense of Morality , Piety , or Conscience to restrain them , proposed nothing but vengeance ; and GOD should then also , therewith let loose the fury of others , whose malevolence and discontents are not yet much heeded , to make them instrumental for the deliverance of those from Oppression , have meekly submitted their Cause to him only . For know , that they who are eminent for nothing so much , as for their prodigality , whoreing , roaring , drinking or swearing ; and valiant only in Baudy-houses and Taverns , will run away like sheep before resolute assaylants , made desperate as aforesaid . Know also , that the LORD of Hosts , who is the GOD of Nature , as well as of Grace , is General of a two-fold Militia , furnished with distinct weapons according to the several services whereby they are to glorifie him ; the one Natural , and the other Spiritual ; and that he makes use of both to correct his Children , and destroy the Enemies of his Kingdom , as occasion is given . The first he employeth in shedding the blood of his malicious opposers , or of incorrigible servants , sometime , with hazzard or loss of their own ; and the other , ( if need be ) he engageth in sufferings , and by contributing their own blood also in his Cause ; managing to that end , those offensive and defensive weapons only , which are proper to a spiritual warfare . These last , are those followers of the Lamb whither soever he goeth , who are Saints and Souldiers , in the most super-eminent degree ; to whom the other usually make way by the violence of natural Faculties and Passions , to those Conquests over Prophaneness and Injustice , which must be compleated by Patience , Meekness , Love , constancy in Faith and Prayer . And many of the former may be Saints also , who when their natural corruptions have been soaked in their own blood , or sufferings , and the stains washed out , by being rinsed in the blood of the Lamb , shall have a share both in his Victories and Triumphs . Permit , I pray you , this Remonstrant , with patience and candor , to pursue this plain-dealing a little further , and to add somewhat for vindication of himself , from those mis-interpretations which may be made of his honest and peaceable intentions , in these free expressions : For , when he calls to mind , that Christ and his Apostles were charged with sedition , for innocently Preaching the peaceable glad-tidings of the Gospel , for their safety to whom they preached them ; and that some of the Prophets were imprisoned and persecuted as seditious persons , when they declared GOD's Judgements , and what ought to have been performed for preservation of their Common safety ; he thinks it not unlikely , in this froward Generation , that some Objections of that kind may be made against him , by their Pride , Malice , or Ignorance , who prosecute their selfends ; And he being neither insensible , nor totally careless of those disadvantages which may befall thereby , nor ignorant how easie it is to find wherewith to beat a dog ; will now ( lest he may be restrained from that liberty hereafter ) preoccupate as much as he can , whilest he may , to prevent prejudicacy ( if it be possible ) by giving reasons for his Remonstrating to the purposes afore-mentioned , and in this unusual mode . He knows how far the just bounds of a free expression extends by the Laws of GOD and Nature ; and though his body may be enslaved , and kept from the exercise thereof by the cruelty of others , his mind cannot be inthralled , but by his own baseness or pusillanity ; and if he must perish , he is resolved to perish like a man , not like a beast , or like one who cuts his own throat for fear of death . He will not whine like a curdog , or snarl at him , when he is beaten or kickt by his Master ; nor cry like a Swine , when he is to be slain by the Butcher , or ringed for his rooting ; nor doth he think himself obliged at this time , to be as dumb before his shearers , as CHRIST was ; nor until a time comes ( as it did to him ) wherein words will either be wholly in vain , or may tend to prevent that suffering , whereunto he shall believe he was pre-ordained by Providence , for his Masters glory , or for the welfare of other men ; and then he will leave scribling , and bear his Cross in silence . But it is yet , seasonable for him to write and speak , and if he now do it not , he may for ever hereafter hold his Peace ; for it will be to no purpose . He writes and speaks , with the more boldness , because it is not for his own Interest ; but as it lies wrapt up with the Publick Honour , Peace , and Welfare , and is preservable , without injury to other private persons . He acknowledgeth himself subject to the natural desires , fears , frailties and infirmities of the weakest men ; yet , GOD , by his Grace , hath ( as he hopeth ) so habituated him to the Principles , which will preserve him in a warrantable sobriety , that he shall dread nothing , but GOD and himself ; or lest by ignorance he may offend against his own Conscience ; in which case he is one of the veriest Cowards in the world . He neither doth nor can willingly intend hereby the just offence of any : For he hates nothing , that GOD hath made , loves him above all things ; his neighbour as himself ; and his Countrey ( if his heart deceive him not ) much better . He honours the King , and is , and will be , as faithful unto him , as he was to those who lately exercised Supream Authority ; to whom , he was conscientiously faithful to the last hour , wherein GOD permitted them to retain it ; never dissembling , jugling , or halting between two Parties ; yea , though he was neglected and oppressed by those to whom he was obedient . He that hath no self-love , is as blameable , as he which hath too much , because he wants that rule whereby he ought to regulate a Love to his neighbour ; and he who to his power , provides not for his Family , is worse then an Infidel . Therefore , no malevolent repining or discontent , but a Christian regard to his duty , and to those many who are oppressed ( which is enough to make a dumb man speak ) hath extracted this Remonstrance , quickned with a little more Salt , Sulphur , and Mercury , then usual , that ( if he should live so long ) he might not solicit in vain for Justice twenty years longer , but have a speedy dispatch one way or other . For , Qui rogat timidè , docet negare , he , who sneakingly demands Justice , as if he were begging an Alms , encourages his oppressors the more impudently to oppress him . And yet , perhaps , he had not adventured to express himself in this mode , if an unresistible impulse had not made impressions on his heart , more for the sakes of others , then for his own . For , though this Remonstrant hath had many provocations thereunto , by the loss of his most precious time , with the ruine of his estate and credit ; thousands perhaps , have suffered as much as he that way , whom patience , fear , or stupidity have kept silent ; and it would be a shame to him not to suffer as mutely as other men ; also he is reduced to a subsistence by Charity ; but , that hath brought with it such experimental evidences , of Gods merciful supplying a competency from day to day hitherto , that the damage is not only made thereby supportable , but comfortable also : and in this kind , he hath suffered no more then the King , and many persons of honour have been exercised withal . This Remonstrant hath likewise been made the scorn and derision of his enemies , neighbours and acquaintance , and is frequently persecuted with uncivil upbraidings ; but , he can pass them over with as little regard , as the barkings of dogs , when he considers what Shimeies they are , who set them on , why , and to what purpose : That , which above all this afflicts him , are the sufferings which have suddenly befaln to some of his needy Creditors , and most near and beloved Relations ; who , not accustomed to the want of food , rayment , and such other necessaries or conveniencies as they formerly enjoyed , look otherwhile so sadly upon him , that it makes his bowels yern : Yet , it may be , neither had that been moving enough to embolden him hereunto : But , when to all these inducements , there seemed to be added , in his apprehension , a likelihood of multiplying those Confusions , Oppressions , and Innovations , which will be a dishonour to God , the King , and these Nations ; ( and as well hazzardous to the Common peace , as destructive to him and others in their private capacities ) this Remonstrant thought it better to adventure the tranquility of one man , then to let so many be in danger of perishing , by continuing sheepishly silent : And he confesses there is somewhat of selfness , even in that also ; because , he is afraid his own Conscience would accuse him for neglect of his duty , and bring greater distempers upon him , for his being silent at such a time , then those evils which he might hope thereby to escape : For , GOD having carried him , a long time through many vicissitudes and dangers , giving him frequent experiments what the events of his own and other mens transactions were , and will be , ( with an ability in some measure more then ordinary , to illustrate to vulgar capacities , those things which are considerable ) he dares not presume to displease and inrage his Conscience , to avoid the displeasure of men , whatsoever outward disadvantages may happen . These things considered , with those Priviledges which are due by the Law of Nature , he conceives neither any digression or expression herein contained is needless , or can be justly questionable ; and that , he is not obliged ( his present condition being weighed ) to make answer unto ought objected , which may tend to the accusing of himself , though he were as blameable as he is innocent . For , he intends nothing to the iniury of Publick or private Interests ; nor seeks for ought but his own according to Justice , that he may do Justice to his Creditors and Relations . They who live at ease in plenty ; because , they see some appearances of a progress toward the relief of this Remonstrant and other sufferers , do condemn them as over hasty , and more importunate then they need to be : Yea , are pleased to say , that much more is done for them already , then they deserve ; and that whatsoever shall be done for them , they will never be contented ; which Asseverations are better evidences of their dis-affection to the sufferers , and of their want of true Charity , then of the truth of that which they affirm : And , it is the very same which was imputed to this Remonstrant , at several times , during his almost twenty years solicitation , by some who were formerly in Power , when he Petitioned to be relieved for his sufferings in their service ; and how justly they did it , may be collected from the literal sense , of this metaphorical illustration thereof : He complained of a consuming fire , whereinto they permitted him to be thrown by their neglects ; and after he had long complained , they for a remedy , tost him into a boyling Caldron ; that , not contenting him , they threw him into a Frying-pan ; therewith he being no more eased , renewed his complaint , and then , they laid him upon a Gridiron ; that being as painful , they turned him upon his other side ; that , proving as uneasie , he Petitioned again , and was only basted with a few Oylie words , or had Orders pin'd on him , like papers to keep roast-beef from burning ; he then once again , made an humble address for more effectual means of relief ; whereto some of them angrily replyed , Nothing will satisfie this fellow : and seeing none of the former condescentions , would give satisfaction , they at last cast him into a freezing Lake , wherein he yet remains ; and , but that the Charity of others , did otherwhile a little thaw him , he ere this time had been frozen to death , and laid where such Remonstrances as these are needless . These are the Favours which this Remonstrant obtained , from those whom he served faithfully and conscientiously heretofore , though he were personally known well near to all of them , and though most of them were his familiar acquaintance , and some of them his professed friends : Which when he seriously considers , and how he hath nevertheless been from time to time , so many years together , neglected and abused ; he can hardly discern whether hath been more injurious unto him , neighbours , or strangers ; hypocrites , or prophane persons ; seeming friends , or open enemies ; his Countrey-men , or some of his own kindred . But , now he hopes better ; for , worse they cannot use him , whom he opposed for their sakes , when they were in Power . And , if that obedience which he now professeth unfeignedly to his Majestie , shall procure so much respect to his present condition , as to allow out of what he thought his own , wherewith to dis-engage him from his Creditors , and redeem his Family from that poverty , which now oppresseth it , he shall not only be therewith contented , but thankfully acknowledge also , to the honour of the King and State , that he finds them , whom he had made his enemies , to be much more just and merciful unto him , then his professed friends , of whom he had best deserved : And it may be possible , that their Generositie , whatsoever he hath heretofore done ( or here , or elsewhere expressed ) will make them as confident of his Allegiance , as they are of the most faithful of those , who profess obedience and conformity to the Government , and in the most usual mode . Let it not seem unsavoury to any Reader , that this Remonstrant , insists so much upon his personal sad condition and grievances : For , by them he became sensible of other mens Oppressions : By the reality of his own wrongs , he perceived what just cause others might have to complain : Also , without particularizing his sufferings , they could not probably be redressed ; and no reasonable or conscientious man , will grudge him the liberty of inserting a leaf or two into that discourse , which was for the relief of many , together with himself ; composed solely at his cost and labour , without the least contribution thereunto vouchsafed , either by them or any other : For he may say on his own behalf , as Ulisses did , when he pleaded for the armour of Achilles before the Grecians . — meaque haec facundia siqua est Quae nunc pro domino , pro vobis saepe locuta est , Invidia careat , bona nec sua quisque recuset . — Do not envy my pen , Which often for the weal of other men Hath been employed , if that otherwhile , I , make use of it for mine own availe . But , the means hitherto provided for the relief of this Remonstrant , and other Purchasers and Lenders , doth not yet appear likely to have that gracious effect , which was by them expected , and intended by his Majesty . Therefore , he prayes it may not be offensively taken , if he declares plainly , what the effects thereof hitherto are , and may probably be hereafter , according to his understanding : For , his purpose being to express nothing but in order to the preservation of himself and others from destruction , ( nor to be more bold in language , then the heedlesness of this Generation shall constrain ) it cannot be justly conceived that he would wilfully insert any word or clause , which might by giving just offence , deprive him of that benefit which he desireth to attain ; unless it be thought his Oppressions have made him mad ; ( as many wiser men have been , who suffered less ) and if so , he is rather an Object of pitty , then of displeasure . He is thankful to his Majestie , for not taking those advantages at large , which were providentially put into his hands ; and gratefully acknowledgeth the Indulgence vouchsafed to Purchasers by his Commission , for mediating on their behalf , manifest his compassion to be more then their own Trustees have expressed ; especially his often hastening the Act of General pardon , and desiring the Parliament to make the Plaister as large as the soares ; nevertheless , the Instrument drawn up to those purposes , seems not to have passed through their hands , who are so sensible of his Peoples Grievances , as he himself was , nor is it possible that he can in so short a time have that full cognizance , which he may have hereafter , of the true state of those many differing Causes , which are to come under consideration , in relation to Purchasers ; and therefore the means by him intended may be so defective without his default , that many will be more damnified , then relieved thereby . This is found and felt by experience already . The work imposed is too heavy for so few work-men , in regard the Commissioners are persons of honour , who have other weighty affairs which will divert them , and take up so much time , that not a few being already quite ruined by delay ; many more will be destroyed before their Causes can be heard and determined . Some of them have so little whereby to subsist , that they cannot spare out of it , so much as the charge of Solicitation will require . And it is feared , most of those who are yet able , will be wheeled round in such perpetual motions , as they were at Worcester and Drury-houses , to their impoverishing also , by the long contests which will arise from several interfering Securities , Interests , and Claims , still multiplying debates and expences ; when so many thousands as are engaged by Original Purchases and Subcontracts , shall from all parts betwixt Saint Michaels-mount and Barwick ( some of them two or three hundred miles from their habitations ) flock together , with witnesses , Counsel and Sollicitours , to their great cost here , and neglect of their businesses at home . Such a multitude cannot but so obstruct each others proceedings , that many who are best able to bear the burthen , may be sore straitened and depressed , by losses in one place , and expences in another ; by seeing Officers and making Friends , for that which will amount to little or nothing at the last : For , of much of those Lands which were Purchased , as aforesaid , the Prelates have not power to make Leases for longer term , then during their own lives ; and there being no Rule setled by Parliament , whereby final Agreements may be made ( in that , and some other Cases , without dispute ) the Purchasers will have as questionable Titles hereafter , as they have now ; and be perhaps all dead or beggared , before any satisfaction shall be enjoyed . As for the Lands claimed by the Prelates , there is little hope the late Purchasers will have any considerable redress in lieu of them , if the said Prelates be permitted to proceed as they begin ; for ( except two or three of them only , as this Remonstrant hath heard , who perhaps desire the Episcopal Function should be reduced to the Pristine Constitution ) so ambitious are they of Preheminence , and so greedily hunt after immoderate Riches in their old age , that regarding neither the tears of the oppressed , nor Orders of Parliament , nor the Kings gracious condescentions published on the behalf of Purchasers ; they following the dictates of their own Avarice , take up the whole Rents , make forcible Entries , grant Leases to them who will give most , and Arbitrarily seize the estates of the Purchasers , before the times limited are expired , or the Kings Commissioners can have time to take their Causes into consideration ; and before many can have means to present them , or be in a capacity to treat . This Remonstrant in particular , having now lost about eight years 300. l. per an. in a Purchase of their Lands who were hererofore called Delinquents , which Lands cost him as good as almost twenty years Purchase in ready money . Also 1681. l. 15. s. 8. d. charged by Ordinance upon the Excise in Course , which , with the Interest thereof , hath been eighteen years almost , unpaid . And now he is in danger to lose totally between five and six hundred pounds per . an. more , in Prelates Lands , in Possession and Reversion ; part whereof coming into possession the last year , being unstockt , and not demisable , by reason the Title is disparaged , hath cost him in Taxes , with other duties and necessary disbursments therein dispended , more then twice so much as he could raise out of them , by occasion of the said Prelates forcible Intrusions : The remainder of this Remonstrants stock and goods , were by Attachments out of the said Prelates own Court , ( without arrest , or any cause formerly made known , according to equity , or the Common-Law of this Land ) illegally ( and some of them , as he thinks , feloniously ) taken in the night , and carried away , by the said Prelates Officers or Agents , being strangers , without any known lawful Officer . And , the said Remonstrant neither being at home , nor having the liberty of his person , or any other means left to defend himself against such outrages , or to maintain his family , but by charity , is by this usage , and that which hath been thereby occasioned , deprived of as much of his estate , as being sold to the value , and proportionably distributed , might have satisfied most of his personal debts , had it not been so torn from him by some unconscionable Creditors , and the said Officers maliciously confederating together , to the taking away , at the third part of the value , the remainder of his houshold-stuff , wearing apparrel , victuals , and the beds whereon his wife , children , and servants lay ; as also the wood in his yard , without any other Authority , but Will and Pleasure ; for the use of the Prelates now Tenant , who being reputed ( perhaps because a Papist ) a true Son of the Church , is now seated upon that Farm , which he hath forcibly seized ; some of his said Agents being so shameless , as to make answer , when the illegality of their proceedings was objected , that this Remonstrant should not be left able to prosecute his remedy at Law , or words to that effect , which they have made good : Insomuch , that this Remonstrant , is compelled in his old age , to shut up himself in a lone room , without a servant , night and day , both in sickness and health ; his wife necessitated , above fifty miles distant , to keep possession , with her maide in a naked house , standing far from neighbours , ( and much farther from honest men ) and his children and servants being scattered , to seek harbour and livelihood where they can get it . This , and much worse , is the Remonstrants present outward condition ; by delay of the Relief hoped for , and by his being thereby disabled to prosecute means of redressing his grievances any further : In the like condition ( as he believeth ) many thousands are at this day among the said Purchasers , Lenders , and such as fall under them , by the ruine of those who are impoverished by their wants . For , the hopes which they had eight or nine Moneths past , of a timely settlement , hath had so slow a progress , that many who had fair expectations , and best means to improve them , begin to be afraid , it may succeed at last , as in an old Tale , it is said , befell to him , who brought a large piece of cloth to his Taylor , to make him such garments as it would extend unto ; who at first , told him , it would make a very good sute , cloak , and coat ; but after it had been in his custody awhile , he said to his customer , it would make but a sute and a cloak ; after that , it would make but a cloak ; being kept a little longer , he could make but a sute of it ; after a few dayes more , but a short coat only ; and at last , no more but a very fair Cloth-button : And perhaps , with such a Result some of the Purchasers may button up their baggs of Papers and Evidences ( if the King take not their Causes into his special Consideration ) and go home three times more damnified , then by losing all at first , without more cost and trouble : For , when they have summed up the money , paid for their Purchases at first ; for passing their Conveyances and Concomitant charges ; Interest and Brockage for money borrowed ; expences in suites at Common Law and Chancery thereby occasioned ; as also in Contests many years before Committees and Commissioners for removing Obstructions ; and thereto added what it will cost now , before there will be a final settlement , it may possibly amount to so much , that the recompence will be less worthy of thanks , then a peremptory denyal would have been at the beginning ; as this Remonstrant hath found by experience ; who verily believeth , that after his Demands and Receipts had been stated by the Committee of Accounts for the Kingdom , examined again by the Committee of the Navy ; Re-examined by a select Committee of Parliament , and upon that three-fold Examination , had 3950. l. reported to be due unto him , and payment then ordered ; if he had totally quitted the said debt , and hoped no more for it , he had been at least 5000. l. richer , then he is at this day : For , if delayes occasioning expences with the loss of eighteen years time , and the money mispent , and so long forborn , had been avoided , and other wayes employed , he might in that space have turned it to more considerable profit . The Proverb saith , He that gives quickly , gives twice . A benefit vouchsafed speedily , and seasonably , may be doubled , yea tripled thereby , ( as Opportunities may occur ) whereas , by being long delayed , Suites , Forfeitures , Interest , or such like , may so augment damages , that twice so much afterward , will not be so beneficial , as a quarter thereof might have been at the first ; and to destroy men under a colour of doing Justice , and shewing Mercy , is like the Cats playing with the Mouse , ( a making sport at other mens miseries ) and one of the greatest cruelties in the world . In brief , by what is afore-expressed , this Remonstrant hath neither the liberty of his person to attend the Commissioners , nor wherewith , but by Charity , to subsist , much less to bear the charge of prosecution , so long as his cause may possibly be undetermined ; yea , it will be little better then putting him all that while upon the Rack , yet peradventure be no more available at last , then meat set before a dead man . But , all this Remonstrating is to little purpose , except somewhat may be proposed , out of which an Expedient shall be raised , whereby the Publick-Faith may be redeemed , and the Grants and Securities afore-mentioned be made good , or else a satisfaction given in such manner , that particular Animosities may be allayed , without overburthening , or enseebling the whole Body-Politick ; which this Remonstrant thinking possible , will contribute his conceptions thereunto , though perhaps he may have little or no thanks , ( but a jear ) for his labour . And , though he be so broken in his estate , and overcharged with musings in his mind , that he can hardly compose himself for such a serious contrivement , yet he may stammer out such notions , that wiser men less disturbed , may either make more practicall , or at least , thereby take hints to discover and prosecute a better Expedient of their own : For , the most prudent men sometimes oversee , what a Fool takes notice of . The only way to settle an universal Peace and Concord , is to satisfie all Interests , as much as may be ; especially in things necessary to a competent subsistence , even to the answering of their expectations , who are most carnal , so far forth as they are just ; in regard they are likely to be most troublesom . Venter non habet aures , and there are now so many laying claim to that Interest , as will make it dangerous , to exasperate them all at once ; and will be injustice to leave any of them unsatisfied , as touching reasonable demands . They whose Grievances are most considerable , are such as have Lent or Contributed upon the Publick-Faith ; Souldiers , who adventured their lives in the service of the Parliament ; Purchasers of Lands or estates belonging to the King , Queen , Prince , Prelates , or those who heretofore adhered to the King against the Parliament , and such as had either Grants of Estates , or Parliamentary Securities , for payment of debts declared to be due unto them . It cannot be now expected , that the Lands of the King , Queen , Prince , or such as were heretofore reputed Delinquents , should be enjoyed by the said Purchasers , except so far forth only , as in consideration of Improvements , the former Owners will freely , of their own nobleness , give way thereunto , if we look for a perfect concord on their part . And then , how the Purchasers of those Lands , and the Parliaments other Creditors may be satisfied , a course must be other wayes provided ; which will be the more easily effected , and the less burthensom , if the Purchasers of Prelates estates , may have satisfaction out of the same Lands ; as this Remonstrant conceives , in equity and prudence , they ought to have , and also may have , to their reasonable contentment , with an addition of honour and advantage , both to the King and Nation , without wrong to the Episcopal Function , being constituted and confirmed according to Primitive Ordination , derived from the Canon of GOD's Word ; such an Episcopacy never being intended ( as this Remonstrant believeth ) to be exploded out of the Church of England by the Solemn League and Covenant ; or to be barred out of Scotland , if the persons were regulated and qualified , as they are charactered by Saint Paul . Those Temporalities which they claim as Prelates , belonged not to them by divine right as Bishops : but , were conferred in time of Popery , to support them as Barons , when they were authorized to sit in Parliament : which Priviledge , being taken away by Act of Parliament , assented unto by the late King , that work is at an end : and work and wages being Relatives , cease both together . Temporal and Spiritual Lords in a Parliament , resemble plowing with Oxen and Asses in one teeme , and by weaving ( as it were ) Linnen and Wollen together , may make that Linsey-woolsey , both in Civil and Spiritual things , as will be pleasing neither to GOD nor men . The services whereto the Bishops were chiefly ordained , may be best performed , ( and with least obstruction to civil transactions ) in Synods , or National Councils and Conventions , where no Lordly titles or usurpations are to be claimed or allowed : nor any Precedencies , but for Orders sake only , lest Precedencies , and temporal Dignities , may over-awe their fellow-members , and disadvantage the Truth . Bishops being regulated , as aforesaid , and exercising only a Primacy of Order , as Speakers in Parliaments , Prolocutors in Synods , and Presidents in Councils , ought to be restored ; and a competent and an honourable maintenance might be provided for them out of those legal perquisites , which heretofore belonged unto them quatenus Bishops , ( and consist with an Evangelical Discipline ) none of which are sold from them : and out of those Impropriations , which they formerly Leased for Fines and yearly Rents , giving a Plow-mans wages to their poor Curates . These Impropriations , if they might be timely reserved from being again so misdisposed of by their Avarice , would amount to a sufficiency : yea , and to a far larger Revenue , then many Bishops formerly had , if they were prudently distributed ; and would be likewise a quieter subsistance , and somewhat more proper to their Calling ; because a maintenance settled upon the Ministry by the Laws of the Land . Moreover , to enlarge that maintenance , convenient places of residence , with Demeasnes and annual Rents enabling them to be hospitable , and incouragers of others to Piety and Vertue , might and would be afforded , by the said Purchasers , out of what was sold unto them . And such a Portion , being settled on them , and their successors , by King and Parliament , as the Donations of Nursing Fathers of the Church , ( and not derived from heathenish or other superstitious beginnings dishonourable to God , and scandalous to Religion ) would redound more to their honour , then their Baronies and Lordships ; be more comfortable to their Consciences , when they must resign their Bishopricks ; make their Ministry more effectual to their particular Flocks , and to the preserving of Unity in Fundamentals , between those Congregations which are of differing judgements ; render their posterities more prosperous , and their persons more beloved both of GOD and men . The worst this Remonstrant wisheth , even to those Prelates , who do but pretend to be the Bishops of Christ , is , that they truly were so ; and that they had humility enough to accept of such an offer , on condition he wholly left his hope of repossessing his said Purchase , though he thinks it more possible for him to be restored thereto , then for them long to enjoy that wherewith they seem absolutely invested . Let this be well considered ; for though the Prelates and their Favourers , term him a Scribling Fool ; The tatlings of Children and Fools , are sometimes to be listned unto by wise and grave men , who know they often speak Truth , when others either will not , or dare not . When the King shall by experience know , how useless the Prelacy is , both to him , and to the Church of GOD ; and how serviceable such as are called Bishops may be , when reduced to the Canon of the Word , it is hoped , he may perswade them to submit thereto , and that some of them , will be so convinced in Conscience , as to perceive it will be more honour to GOD and them , then disparagement to their persons , to evidence the power of Truth upon themselves in an humble conformity , and restrain them from unmercifully seeking to enrich themselves by the destruction of so many Families as are now in danger of perishing by their immoderate Avarice . As for the rest of the Hierarchie , this Remonstrant cannot imagine to what good end they may be continued , which will be equivalent to the preventing the thousandth part of that mischief , which will ensue the dispossessing of those who have Purchased their estates . Deans and Chapters , with their Appendants , are a Whimsey of a late invention , as now constituted , which the Primitive Ages neither knew , nor perhaps thought of : A Plant which our Heavenly Father never planted in his Church ; nor are they necessarily pertinent to the service of GOD , or to the edifying of mankind in Piety or Morality ; but rather burthensom and scandalous . Most of those vast Revenues which they claim as sacred , ( if not all ) are no more worthy to be reputed Holy things then the price of dogs , or wages of Strumpets , as I have elsewhere said , in regard much of them were obtained by merchandizing for the souls of men , and were Sacrifices to the Devil , worse then Sacriledge , given ( or exacted ) by their cunning Brokers , in derogation from Christs meritorious Passion , for expiating of Adulteries , Murthers , and other hainous crimes : Which if they could make evident to be sacred Offerings , and accepted of God as truly such , they might hope ere long to make men believe , that their houses of Office , their very dunghills , yea , their sins , or any thing they pleased so to term , were also sacred . But , what reasonable man can imagine , why such an impertinency should be preserved , when the State is so necessitated , though it were some way useful , and when so many thousands of serviceable and innocent persons may be destroyed by the re-admission thereof ? Whereto are they necessary ? If you suppose it be to elect Bishops , when they shall be reduced to what they Originally were and ought to be ; that Constitution , will admit of no such Election : Such as now are , may be as well chosen by the King himself , as by vertue of his Letters directed to the Deans and Chapters ; or more properly , by his Conge deslere to the Pastors of the respective Diocesses ; which Presbyters may likewise officiate , ( if need be ) at their Cathedrals by turns ( having provision made for them at such times ) more to the edifying of the People then heretofore : And their Cathedrals which , ( to speak truth ) are more pertinent to the Civil honour and magnificence of the Nation , then essential to the Worship of GOD ; ( and being built , ought rather to be upheld , for decency and conveniency , then wholly neglected ) and may so be , without any great burthen to the Purchasers , by contributing toward their Repair a yearly Rent to that purpose , if the old Fabrick Lands be not sufficient , and unsold : These may also , be of use for pious exercises and devout meetings , more to the glory of GOD , and the edifying of his People , then at present they are , by those irreverent persons , who serve their own selves only , under a pretence of serving GOD , with empty ounds , Tautologies , vain Repetitions , and loud vociferations , mingled with abominable prophaneness : For , this Remonstrant heard it lately credibly averred , that one of those , who is to oversee and direct those who sing in the Quire , hearing a discord in their Musick , was so serious in his Musicall Devotion , that moved to indignation , he passionately swore aloud in these words , By God , a snarle : And that another , angrily calling upon the Boyes to raise their Voices higher , cursed them with four several great Curses within a little space , whilest they were chanting out their Divine Service , ( as they call it ) because they answered not his expectation . Oh! abominable zeal . But , should it be granted , that GOD required their Will-Worship , that , they were conscientiously devout therein ; that , their Prelaticall Constitution , at least were not scandalous , & that their large possessions were the real charitable Donatives of truely devout Benefactors , irrevocably set apart from common use ( not one of which particulars can be proved ) yet , little or nothing considerable , is or ever was performed , to such pious uses as are pretended , or were intended . For , by their own Canons ( or , by such as they approve of , and will be conformable unto , when it may be for their personal advantages ) there is but a third part of their yearly Profits due to them . One third is by those Canons to be employed in maintaining their Cathedral-Churches and dwelling-Houses , with the services and necessaries to them belonging : Another third , is to be for relief of the Poor and Strangers ; and a charitable Bishop of York , ( as the Remonstrant remembers ) was so far from the mind of our Prelates in these dayes , that to relieve the Poor in a time of Famine , he sold away most part of the Utensils and Ornaments of the Churches in his Diocess . A third part only , of the Revenues of the Cathedrals and Prelates , was to have been made use of for themselves and their Families , which hath nigh quite swallowed up the other two parts : For , it is well enough remembred , how ruinous many of their Edifices were , before the beginning of the late war , and how slovenly kept in some places : It is also well known , that the Poor were usually relieved with little more then the scraps of their superfluities ; and that the Strangers by them entertained , during the dayes of their Residency , were but their fellow Prebends , their kindred , their familiars , and now and then a bold Guest , who had no need of their Hospitality ; and why should many honest men , more serviceable then they , be starved or beggared , by being deprived of what they bought of the Nations Representative ; that such large Revenues might be shared by a few , and consumed to so little purpose ? With what confusion of face , will these pretenders to Piety and Hospitality appear , when Christ Jesus , personated in this life by their Conscience ; or , when he shall hereafter in his own person , say unto such , Depart from me ye workers of iniquity : For , having large Patrimonies intrusted with you , to supply the wants of the members of his mystical body , they neither fed him , when he was hungry , except with stones and Scorpions , instead of bread and fish ; nor gave him drink when thirsty , except mingled with Vinegar and Gall ; nor cloathed him when naked , but only with superstitious raggs , or else Robes impurpled with his own blood ; Nor housed him when harbourless , except in a prison , because he approved not of their Vanities , Avarice and Ambition . This Remonstrant , is not so cruel to Beasts nourished out of curiosity , and for mens pleasures only , as to starve them when they are bred ; much less that men unprofitably employed at the Publick cost , should be left destitute of a competent subsistence , when that abuse is reformed ; nor ought such in his judgement to enjoy more then a just competency , much less ten times more then better deserving persons . All the whole Hierarchy of this Nation ( as this Remonstrant is informed ) doth not consist of a much greater number , then those Prophets of whom Jezebel fed four hundred every day from her table ; if so many of those now in being , shall enjoy a plurality of Prebendaries , Parsonages , Vicaridges and Spiritual promotions , as did heretofore : For , some had two or three Dignitaries , some more ; and it the Hexameter of this well known Distich be a true memorial of it , one of them had five beside his Income by Usury ; ( For the Pentameter concerned him not . ) Usury , St. Dunstans , Pauls , Windsor , Salsbury , Christ-Church , Bristol , Westchester , Banbury , Bangor , Asaph . The Impropriations only , formerly belonging to the Prelates , ( which are all nigh out of Lease ) are worth yearly ( as this Remonstrant is credibly informed ) an hundred forty and two thousand pounds . The Parsonages and Vicaridges , which beside their Cathedral Dignitaries , the Deans , Prebends , Archdeacons , and some of the Bishops had in Commendam , being no Parsonages or Vicaridges of the least value , ( if they have pluralities as formerly ) may be worth to each individual person , between two and three hundred pounds per an. at least , one with another ; to which being added the Profits of their Spirtual Functions and Jurisdictions , and their Temporalities now repossessed with vast improvements , will probably amount to above a thousand pound yearly , for every individual Prelate . And what a barbarous cruelty were it , under colour of a Mock-Piety , to destroy many Families , for the superfluous enriching of every one of these ? To starve a whole Hive of Bees , to feed a single Drone ? and peradventure , to the occasioning of that , which may draw after it a worse consequent . For , these ( as the Remonstrant believeth ) are one kind of those Locusts which came out of the smoak of the Bottomless Pit , and were in part driven hence about the end of the last hundredth year , as a noysom pest . Therefore , this Remonstrant hopes , that you whom it concerns , will consider how imprudent an Act it will be thought by unbyassed men , in this and future generations , needlesly to hazzard the confusions , despairations , exasperations , and destruction of so many thousands of Families as may be impoverished , to the impoverishing of as many thousands more by their poverty , if the sale of Cathedral Lands should be made void to the said Purchasers , for the superfluous enriching of an inconsiderable number of useless persons ; and for the pleasing of a few , whose Claim and Interest dies with their persons , to the discontent of many whose right will never die , but still revive , and continue for ever in their heirs ; yea , and to do it contrary to Laws and Presidents , for confirmation of the like sales , judged agreeable to Justice and Equity , by Princes , Parliaments , and other grave Councils , upon mature deliberation : And it is hoped also , if ( as report goes ) the Prelates intend out of their vast Fines and Rents , to raise and maintain two Regiments of Horse in the Kings service , to be continued by his favour in that which they repossess ; it will be perceived , that they would but stick him down a feather , in lieu of the Goose which they have gotten : For , the Incomes of two of their Cathedral Revenues , will yearly defray that expence , and leave those Proprietors of them , more then ever they heretofore possessed : And perhaps the King will take notice also , that ( if it tend not to the beginning of another Prelatical war ) it is at best offered but to make such a diversion for the present , as antiently succeeded , when to prevent the intention that former Parliaments had to take away their large Possessions for Publick Use ; they then offered to their Kings a contribution , toward the recovering their right in France , or toward regaining of the Holy-Land , ( as they called it ) which tended only to their own advantage , though respect to them was thereby pretended . This Remonstrant could alleadge much more , which is of Publick concernment , both in reference to what is last mentioned , and to the Publick-Faith ; but , the times will not bear it : much Reason , as well as much Learning , would make some to grow mad ; and it were imprudence to express more then can be born , to the rendring of that less effectual which is expressed . He had lived 36. years , when the last great Pestilence broke in , whereof he was a Remembrance to this Nation ; and having survived since that time 36. years more , hath seen enough to give him cause to fear , that a worse infection is beginning ; which if GOD's extraordinary mercy prevents it not ( by shortning those dayes for his Elects sake ) may continue at least 36. years together ; even a Spiritual Pestilence , intermixed with many natural Plagues and Distempers : For , some have begun to make way for it , by endeavouring how they may divert us , from heeding the True Antichrist , and to draw this Generation , to look after a new Antichrist , by ridiculously confining him , and the two witnesses , to persons , fraternities and places , which neither consist with those Terms , Qualifications , Transactions , Powers , civil Death and Reviving , which do manifest them , according to what is revealed in GOD's Word ; nor with that universal Relation which they have to the Catholick Church , and to the overthrow of the enemies thereof ; as will appear when that impudence is more evident ; and when to see her delusions , and to hate and prosecute the WHORE , GOD shall put it into the heart of that King , with whom the tenth part of the mysterious Babylon shall fall from her . As for that scare-crow of a pretended Sacriledge , wherewith fools only are affrighted , and with which the Prelates ignorantly ( if not impudently ) charged as well many preceding Kings , Parliamenes , and persons of Honour and Integrity , as the late Purchasers of Cathedral Lands , it will shortly appear so ridiculous a Bug-bear , that the Publishers of that fancy , will be ashamed ( if they have any shame ) to hope they shall be able to perswade his Majesty , and this Nation , that alienating of their Prelatical possessions from the Church ( as they call their Corporations ) is the sin of Sacriledge . For , this Remonstrant is so confident on his part , of the contrary , that if the Prelate who claims that which he hath Purchased , will thereupon hazzard but half the value in other lands , and allow him but as competent and wise Judges in the Case , as the Parliament of England , and the Pope of Rome were in Queen Maries dayes ( when the like Sales were questioned ) the said Remonstrant , if judgement pass against him , will resign all that he hath Purchased of the said Lands for a farthing : Or if that all the Prelates be able to prove his said Purchase Sacriledge ; or if he be not able to prove that many Prelates who now or heretofore possessed such Lands , as aforesaid , by colour of a divine Right , did not more sacrilegiously get them , enjoy them , and dispose of them , then the late Purchasers , ( to wit ) when they alienated them for 99. years , to bribe themselves into a Deanary or Bishoprick , or when they conferred them in Fee , or by Lease to their Kindred , Minions or Concubines . Much more might be added to evidence these things , and to vindicate those from aspersion , who have bought the said Prelates Lands , or alienated them by Publick Authority ; but since I had written that which precedes , I had view of a Printed sheet , composed by a learned and judicious Author , and entituled , An Apology for Purchasers of Lands , late of Bishops , Deans and Chapters , wherein so much is alleadged to justifie the alienation of Sales , and Purchases of Lands belonging to Ecclesiastical persons , and that estates granted by Parliament , as aforesaid , ought by Reason , Law and Presidents to be made valid : that I might have spared this Remonstrance , if I had not known by long experience , that men who are sleepy , ( or very busie in serious prosecutions tending to their own profit or pleasure ) will seldom heed or hear Reason , until awakened by some unusual noise . It appears then by the Premises , that the Purchasers of Lands belonging heretofore to the Prelates , may have a satisfactory proportion of the said Lands , and yet leave enough to be an honourable maintenance for Bishops , regulated according to their Primitive Institution : and that they who had debts secured by Ordinances or Orders of Parliament upon the Publick-Faith , and such as Purchased the estates of the King , Queen , Prince , or of them whose estates were sold to pay Publick debts , for adhering to the King , must be satisfied by some other Expedient , to prevent those mischiefs which may else befall to the disturbance of Common Peace , by discontenting the one Party or the other : For indeed , till there be a mutual forgiveness , as aforesaid , and such a contrivement , that every man may possess his own , we in vain shall otherwise endeavour , for a settled peace . Now , to compleat the satisfaction desired , there are many hundred thousand Acres in this Kingdom , in Forrests , Chases , and other waste grounds , which being divided betwixt Lords and Tenants , reserving a portion out of their proportions , would amount ( with a little contribution out of their estates , who have no Interest in those Lands , that all might help to bear the burthen ) not only sufficiently to discharge all Publick debts aforementioned , and to give a competent allowance to the remaining Purchasers ; but advance such an improvement also , in corn , grass , cattle , wood , and timber , for fireing , building of Ships , and houses , in time to come , ( as provision may be made in Parliament ) that might yearly feed a million more of people , encrease Trade , supply other defects , produce many conveniencies , and prevent not a few mischiefs : For , that Land which is not worth six-pence by the acre yearly , would be improved to five shillings per annum , that of five shillings to ten , that of ten to twenty , and some to much more ; and , by that means , likewise , one of those previous signs of that righteous Government , specified in the Remonstrants BRITAINS-GENIUS long since published , might perhaps be thereby eminently fulfilled ( to wit ) that , — Oxen of the largest Northern breed Should fatted be , where Sheep now scarcely feed . This Expedient would be justly offensive to none ( as our case now stands ) but , to men of corrupt principles , and such as neither know nor understand the true Interest which Publick or private persons have in such lands ; or , who are not willing to lose those opportunities , which they have by the near scituation of their dwellings , to take wholly to their own use , what belongs in a larger measure to other men , living at a farther distance : Or , it may be some poor people unlawfully intruding upon those wastes , having erected Cottages upon them , to the wrong of their neighbours , will complain thereof : But , it will be without just cause , since they may be better provided for by such a division , both for their own and the Publick wellfare , out of those Lands . For , the most part of those poor people who have so intrenched upon the right of other men , to the impoverishing of many Parishes , are very wicked and dissolute persons , living upon pillfering and stealing , or keeping unlicensed Ale-houses in blind corners , wherein is more idleness , drunkenness , and prophaneness , by night and by day , ( especially on the Lords day ) then can be imagined by those who have not seen it . Also , a small starvling breed of Jades , and of other unserviceable and improveable cattle , eats up yearly many large Commons , without any advantage comparatively considerable , with that which might be raised by their improvement . The making of Barren Lands fruitful is a temporal blessing , which may be preparatory for a Spiritual Mercy , and a cure of that Curse which is imposed , by making a fruitful Land barren , for the sins of the people that dwell therein . The Forrests and Chases , ( though many have now almost forgotten it ) were heretofore one of the greatest Oppressions in this Kingdom ; and being settled , either by Laws , or by Customs equivalent to Law , may quickly be revived . Beasts and Beastlike men ( such as professed Hunters , Falkners and Keepers have been for the most part ) had well near the sole benefit of those Forrests and Chases , which were replenished with game . The King received no profit by them , and not much pleasure for which he paid not yearly , more then it was worth ; and his Subjects were so misused and tyrannized over by his Officers , that many Gentlemen and others were inforced to forsake their habitations in and about those Forrests and Chases , to prevent undoing , or avoid their unsufferable insolencies : And it would be a double mercy , if by now sacrificing them to Justice , occasion of the like tyrannie for the future might be taken away , and the Publick-Faith vindicated from scandall and violation , by satisfying for the remainder of lands sold as aforesaid , & for those debts whereunto this Nation is liable both in Justice and Conscience . And the Remonstrant humbly prayeth , that by your mediation who are in authority , it may speedily be endeavoured , unless the Wisdom of this Generation can find out a better Expedient : For , as it was said heretofore , Jerem. 21. v. 12. to the house of the King of Judah , so , saith this Remonstrant , Hear the Word of the LORD , Oh King and People of England , Thus saith the LORD , Execute Judgement in the morning , ( that is , assoon as the cry of oppression comes to your ears , and power into your hands ) and deliver him that is spoyled out of the hand of the Oppressor , lest my fury go out like fire , and burn that none can quench it , because of the evil of your doings . Do Justice , that you may find Mercy , and do not frustrate the prayers of distressed Suppliants , as did they whom GOD hath made exemplary for their failings ; nor let all the fore-warnings of your Remembrancer be still in vain , but give ear Oh regardless Generation , to what is timely hereby expressed relating to your welfare . This Remonstrant , will now add for a Corollary , to what hath been hereby offered to consideration , two exemplary executions of GOD's Judgements , for Oppression and Injustice ; and one pattern of righteousness in an Ethnick Prince in times of old , with two or three presidents out of antiquity , warranting that freedom which he hath assumed to express his mind so plainly at this time , and then conclude . One of those monitory examples , shall be that prodigious Judgement recorded in holy Scripture , to have been executed upon Sodom and Gomorrah , whose sins were Pride , Idleness , fulness of bread , and not strengthening the hand of the needy , for which God having visited them with a war , as these Nations have been , and delivered them by the hand of Abraham for Lots sake , whom he providentially sent to dwell among them , to be both by his counsel and life , a means to bring them to repentance : They neglecting to improve those mercies , and continuing in their sins , GOD in a fair Sun-shining morning , after they had spent the preceding night in prosecuting their abominable Lusts , suddenly destroyed them by a most prodigious sulphurous fire descending from heaven , to be an everlasting memorial of his wrath against obstinate impenitent sinners ; which is so well known , that it needs no further illustration . The other shall be an example no less prodigious , commemorated in Ethnick History , which the Author declared in words to this effect . In the year of Rome , 720. and in the 43. year of the age of Marcus Aurelius , upon the twentieth day of August , about Sun-set , at Palermo a Sea-Port in the Isle of Sicily , there chanced a thing perilous to them who then saw it , and no less dreadful to those who heard of it afterward . Whilest they of Palermo were celebrating a great Feast with much joy , for the great spoyls which they had taken at Sea from the Numidians , & which the Pirates purposed to divide among them , they were partly prevented by the Magistrates and partly by the said accident : For , when the people were returned to their houses , there appeared in the City a dreadful monster in this form ; he seemed to be of the length of three cubits , his head was bald , so that his skull did appear ; he had no ears , but two holes in his neck , whereby it was supposed , he heard ; he had two wreathen horns like a Goat , his right arm was longer then his left , and his hands were like the hoofs of horses , his shoulders and his head were both of one height , his shoulders shined like the scales of a fish , his breast was hairie , his face in all things like unto a man , save that he had but one eye in the midst of his fore-head , and but one nostril ; From the middle downward , nothing could be seen , because he sate in a Chariot which concealed it ; the Chariot was in fashion like other Chariots then used , and drawn with four beasts ; two Lions before , and two Bears behinde . Within the Chariot stood a great Caldron with ears , wherein this monster sate : It wandred a great space through the City , from one gate to another , casting out sparks of fire ; which caused so great a fear throughout the City , that women with child miscarried , and some died out-right with fear : Men and women , great and small , ran to the Temples of Jupiter , Mars , and Februa , makeing importunate prayers , with sad cries . At the same time the Pirates were in the Governours Palace , whose name was Solyno , born at Copua , and in that Palace the spoyls being kept , thither the Monster came , after it had wandred through the City , and cutting off one of the Lyons ears , wrote with the blood thereof , upon the Palace gate , these Letters , R. A. S. V. P. I. P. P. These Letters were diversly interpreted , so that the Interpretations were more then the Letters . But in the end , a Prophetess greatly esteemed for her science , opened the true meaning of the Letters , saying , R. signifieth Reddite , A. aliena , S. si , V. vultis , P. propria , I. in , P. pace , P. possidere , which words altogether , make up this sense , Reddite aliena si vultis propria possidere in pace Render to other men that which belongs to them , if you will possess in peace that which is your own . The Pirates were wonderfully afraid of this command , and the woman highly commended for her exposition ( but the injunction was not obeyed . ) The Monster went the same night out of the City , unto an high hill named Jamicia , and there continued three dayes within sight of the City , the Lions and Bears terribly roaring , and the Monster casting forth flames ; during all which time , there was neither bird seen in the air , nor beast in the field near that place , and the people offered great sacrifices to the gods , yea their own blood , to appease their wrath . Three dayes being passed , there appeared in the Element a marvellous dark cloud , seeming to darken the whole earth , and then it began to thunder and lighten so terribly , that many men died , and divers houses fell to the ground ; and at last there came such a flame of fire from the Monster , that it burnt both the Palace where the Pirates were , and all that was therein , consuming the very stones thereof ; yea the tempest was so great , that there fell above two thousand houses , and more then ten thousand persons died in the Tempest . In that place where the Monster stood upon the said hill , the Emperour built a sumptuous Temple to Jupiter in memorial thereof , of which Temple Alexander the Emperour made afterward a strong Castle . This is taken out of the Epistles of Marcus Aurelius the Emperour . Thus you have an evidence of two witnesses , one of divine credit , and the other recorded by one of greatest fame among heathen Philosophers and Emperours , to shew how dangerous it is to neglect Justice , and not to render unto every man his own , when God requires it to be done . Also , how honourable it is for Kings and States to do righteous things , and how necessary and warrantable it is , both for men oppressed , and others thereto conscientiously moved , in such times and cases as many are in at this present , to speak truth plainly and boldly , even to the highest Powers on earth , this that follows may illustrate . A testimonial of the first , tending to stir up Princes and States to be ambitious of the like glorious vertues , is taken out of an Epistle of the same Emperour , written to Antigonus . In the twentieth year of my age , I lay ( saith he ) during the Winter season , in the Isle of Cheten , which now is called Cyprus , where in former time lived a King , greatly renowned for Clemency and other Heroick vertues , and who lay there buried under four Pillars within a Tomb , whereon was engraven in Greek Letters , without the addition of his name , ( which indeed ( saith my Author ) I could not learn from any one ) an Epitaph to this effect , Whilest , by the permission of the gods , I here lived and reigned , my endeavour was to nourish Peace , and prevent Discord . I desired nothing , but what might be vertuously obtained , without any vitious practises , and what I could acquire by a peaceable means , I never sought to obtain by war and force ; or to procure that by rigour , which might possibly be gotten by mildness : I never openly reprooved any man , before I had first admonished him in secret ; neither delighted in flatterers , but hated and abhorred lying , both in my self and others : I coveted nothing that was another mans ; but , was content with what was justly mine own ; spent not prodigally , nor spared nigardly ; nor ever deserted any friend in his Adversity . I delighted more to forgive , then to revenge ; and punished not the greatest offendors , but with compassion , and much sorrow in mine own heart . Being born of a woman , I was to be subject to the condition of mortals , and dying , was laid here , to be meat for worms as other men are ; and having endeavoured to live a vertuous life , did willingly resign my Soveraignty to Death , and my Spirit to the Gods who gave it . How thinkest thou Antigonus ? ( said the Author ) What an Epitaph was this ? How glorious was his life , how eternall deserves his memory to be ? I swear unto thee by the Law of a good man , and as the gods may prosper me , I took not so much pleasure in Pompey with his Jerusalem , in Semeramis with her India , in King Cyrus with his Babylon , in Cajus Caesar with his Gaules , nor in Scipio with his Africa , as I do with this King of Cyprus in his grave : For more glory bath that King there in that sharp Mountain being dead , then all these , and all those in proud Rome , who are now alive . Now , out of many approved presidents justifying , by the acceptation they had , the just freedom which men oppressed may challenge , in plainly and boldly declaring their grievances and oppressions to the greatest Potentates of the world , I have chosen two , the first of a Jew , and the other of a German , both which came to Rome , to complain unto the Senate there , on the behalf of themselves and Country-men , oppressed by the Romans . Their speeches being long , I will here Epitomize ; and first , that of the Jew , spoken to the Roman Senate , the third year after Pompey sacked Jerusalem , and whilest Valerius Gracchus governed Judea . Fathers Conscript , Your good fortune permitting it , or to say better , we for saking God , Jerusalem which was Lady of all the Cities in Asia , and Mother of all the Hebrews in Palestine ▪ is now servant and tributary to Rome : whereat we Jews need not to marvel , nor ye Romans to be proud thereof ; for the highest trees are soonest blown down by violent winds . Great were those Armies whereby Pompey vanquished us , but greater have our offences been , for which we were forsaken of GOD . I would have you to hear by words , but rather to know it by experience , that we have a merciful God , who can do more alone , then all your Gods together , and who sheweth compassion , though among fifty thousand there be but ten good men : They are our great offences only , which have made you to be Lords over us ; and not your Power or Vertues . For , whilest we agreed in the Unity of Faith in one only God , he prospered us ; and so long as the wrath of God is upon us for our sins , so long shall you be Lords over us , and no longer . Then shall we recover what we have lost , and ye shall lose what you have won : And as we are now Commanded , so shall we be then Obeyed ; but at present , and whilest we are swayed one way , and ye another , neither can you encline me to the worship of your Gods , neither shall I be able to draw you to believe only in in that one God , the Creator of all things , to whom I refer the disposing of all things . Touching that which I have chiefly to say , Know you , that in times past , Rome had peace with Judea , and Judea with Rome ; and being friends , preserved each other in peace ; but now it is otherwise , and whilest we sigh for peace , we see , you make preparations for war ; whereas , if you would expell those who bear us evil will , and we could know and take heed of them who provoke us to rebell , neither should Rome so much oppress Judea , nor Judea hate Rome . Friendship is lost , not so much for the interest of the one or other , as by their indiscretion who pretend to be Mediators ; for if they who take upon them that office , be greater enemies then those between whom a war is begun , they do but cast wood into that fire , which they should quench with water . Since the banishment of Archelaus from Judea , in whose place you sent unto us , Pomponius , Marcus , Rufus , and Valerius , we have had four Plagues , the least wherof was sufficient to poyson all Rome . What greater calamity could happen unto us , then to have Judges sent from Rome , who took up all the evil , customs of wicked men , and were themselves Inventors of new Vices ? And when they , who ought to punish the lightness of youth , are the Ringleaders of Levity ? It is openly said in Asia , that the Thieves of Rome , do hang the Thieves of Jewry : and I must plainly tell you , we fear not the Thieves which rob us in the woods , so much as those Judges who spoyl us in our houses . We dread not Robbers on the high-way , nor those who make open war upon us , nor the Plague of Pestilence half so much , as your corrupt Judges . To that , which is here heard in the Senate , and not seen with us , you give more credit , though reported by one who hath been but three Moneths in the Province , then to that which is reported by many who have governed thirty years . Consider ye Senators , that if ye were advanced to this dignity because you were the wisest , the most honest , and moderate among the people , it would appear in your being so just and vertuous , as not to believe all you hear since you have to do with many of divers Nations , whose ends and intentions are variable . I speak the truth unto you , your Judges have done so much injustice , and shown such ill examples , that they have taught the youth of Judea , those vices which our Fathers never heard of , nor we ever saw or read of before : And ye being mighty , and reputed noble , disdain to take counsel of men that be poor , as if to know much , and to have little wealth or esteem , were never found together . As ye have given counsel to us , so be pleased to take counsel from us , and know , that though your Captains have won many Realms by shedding blood , the way to keep them , is by clemency and mildness , without bloodshed ; and therefore pray and advise your Judges , whom ye send to govern strange Provinces , that they be more diligent to preserve the Common peace , then to employ themselves in taking Fines and Forfeitures , lest else , they slander you who send them , and destroy those whom they should govern and protect : for the reason , why they are not justly obeyed , is , because they command unjust things : Righteous impositions and just commands make men humble and obedient , whereas unrighteous commands , make meek and humble men obstinate and froward ; and the more evil things are commanded , the less good things are obeyed , when such persons enjoyn them . Believe this , Oh ye Romans , that from the levity of those in Authority , springs the shamelesness and disobedience of the People . The Prince , who imposeth Government upon those whom he knoweth not to be qualified for such a trust , intendeth not so much that they should do Justice to his People , as that they should increase his treasure and serve his lusts ; but let him be well assured , that when he least thinketh of it , his honour and credit will be turned into infamy , his treasure consumed , and some notable vengeance fall upon him or his posterity . I having other matters to speak of in secret , will here conclude , with this advice , that ye keep us and our Countrey in safety ; ( for which you have hazzarded your selves ) and that ye do Justice impartially , for then we shall reverence your commands . Be mercifull , and we shall be meek ; be not cruel in punishing our weakness , and we shall willingly obey your just commands ; Command not with proud severity , and you shall find in us the Love which Fathers may expect from children , and not that treason , which oppressive Lords usually find in their servants . These words , though bold and sharp , were ( as the Author saith ) heard with admiration and approbation of all the Roman Senate . The other speech which I will here make use of , was reported by Marcus Aurelius to have been spoken in the Senate of Rome , in the first year of his Consulship , by a poor Countrey-man , living near the River Danubius , who came to ask Justice of the said Senate , against a Censor who sorely oppressed the Germans : This Rustick was in outward appearance , in some respects , more contemptible then this Remonstrant : For , he is described to have been a man who had a small face , great lips , hollow eyes , of a Sun-burnt complexion , having curled hair on his head , and a long thick beard ; his rayment and coat was of beasts skins , his shooes of Porcupine-leather , his girdle of Bull-rushes , his head bare , and a club in his hand : In this equippage he entred the Senate , whereon though many persons were there attending to have their affairs dispatched , this poor man was admitted before all others , and spake in this manner . Oh Fathers conscript , I Mileno a Plow-man , dwelling near the River Danubius , salute you worthy Senators of Rome , beseeching the immortal Gods so to govern my tongue this day , that I may speak that which may be for the welfare of my Countrey , and encline you to do that which may be for the Publick honour of this Empire , for without the help of GOD , we can neither obtain that which is good , nor avoid what is evil . By divine permission , and our wrathful GOD's forsaking us , such was our evil , and your good hap , that your proud Captains of Rome , took our Countrey of Germany by force of Arms ; of which ye had been prevented , if we had timely appeased the wrath of God . Great is the glory you have atchieved by your Conquests ; but greater will be your Infamy , by the Cruelties which you have committed : For you shall know , ( if you know it not ) that when the wicked Victors went before the triumphant Chariots crying , Live , Live , invincible Rome ; the poor Captives walked after , saying in their hearts , Justice , Justice . Give me leave to speak plainly , your covetousness , Oh ye Romans , in taking away other mens goods , hath been so extream , and your commands in strange Countries have been so extravagant , that neither the depths of the Seas can suffice you , nor the wideness of the earth secure us ; and there is no other consolation left us in our troubles , but our hope that the Gods who are just , will execute Justice on those who are unjust ; which assurance being wanting , we should with our own hands destroy our selves , to avoid the inhumanity of our enemies : But , I hope in the just Gods , that you , who without just cause , have cast us out of our houses and possessions , shall by them be cast out , both of Italy and Rome . In my Country , we take it for an infallible Rule , That he who taketh from another man his right , ought in reason to lose his own ; and I trust , that what we have for a Proverb in Germany , you shall have here by experience . By my blunt language , and by the homely apparrel that I wear , you may well imagine me some rude and barbarous Groom : Yet , I want not reason to know who is righteous in keeping his own , and who a tyrant in possessing what is another mans : For though we plain Country-men cannot speak eloquently , we are not ignorant of the difference between good and evil , or that the Gods will take away in one hour , what Tyrants have been gathering many dayes , and restore in one minute , that which good men have lost many years . Believe me , Ob Romans , Goods unlawfully gotten by the Fathers , are the undoing of their Children ; and it is impossible , that a wise man should find any contentment , in that which is gained unlawfully , and with an ill conscience . I wonder how he that keepeth another mans goods , can sleep or rest one hour , knowing he hath done injury to the Gods , scandalized his neighbour , pleased his enemies , lost his friends , and put his person in peril , by endamaging those whom he hath robbed . He that taketh away my goods unjustly , will the same day take away my life if he can . I say and affirm ( not caring whether he be Greek , Barbarian , Roman , present or absent , who shall be offended thereat ) that he is and shall be accursed of the Gods , and hated of men ; who will turn a good fame to an infamy , Justice into Wrong , Rule into Tyrannie , Truth into Lyes , certainties into things doubtful , and destroy his own happiness , by depriving other men of their contentment . You Romans are naturally proud , and your pride blinds you , or else you would perceive , that being Lords of great Provinces , you are slaves to your own Riches ; and that they both deprive you of your honour , contentment and rest . Hearken to what I shall say , and I beseech the Gods to make you so understand it , that I lose not my labour . I hear all the world exclaim against Pride , and yet none embrace Humility ; every man condemns Adultery , yet I see few who live Chastly ; most men curse Excess , yet I perceive not any who is Temprate ; all men praise Patience , yet none will patiently suffer ; They blame sloth , yet spend their time in idleness ; All exclaim against Avarice , nevertheless every one robbeth his neighbour ; and I speak it here openly in the Senate , not without grief , every mans tongue extolleth Vertue , yet they enslave all their members to Vice ; and this I object not against those Romans which are in Iliria alone , but against those also which I see here in this Senate . In your Houses , and about your Arms , you have this Motto , Romanorum est debellare superbos , & parcere subjectis ; but , you might more truly have written , Romanorum est spoliare Innocentes , & reddere subjectos . What just occasion brought you from the banks of Tiber , to invade us who lived peaceably nigh the River of Danuby ? Were we friends to your foes , or enemies to you ? Did we go to conquer other Counrites , or were disobedient to our own Lords ? Did we either despise your friendship , or defy you as Adversaries ? Did any of our deceased Princes bequeath our Lands unto you as their heirs , thereby entituling you to a rightful claiming us for your subjects ? Have we destroyed your Armies , wasted your Fields , spoyled your People , or done any outrage or injury , which might provoke you to revenge ? Of a truth , none of these , or of any such occurences have happened , as usually give occasion of controversies betwixt neighbours ; but meer Covetousness and Ambition were sole causes of your intrusions : For , in Germany , we felt your Tyrannie , as soon as we heard of your Fame . If you be offended with what I have said ; be pleased with what I will say ; which is this , that the Name of Romans , and the Cruelties of Tyrants , arrived together in one day upon our People . They who have much , do oppress them who have little ; Covetousness produceth Malice , and Malice makes way to open Robbery . I conjure you Romans , by the immortal Gods , to heed what I say , and consider what you have done : For either the words of the Gods are not true , or else men with their oppressions , and the world , must come to an end : Fortune must fix a Pin in her wheel , or else that which you have gotten in eight years , will possibly be lost in eight dayes ; since nothing is more just , then that the Gods should make you slaves , who have made your selves Tyrants . Do not think , though you have subdued Germany , and are Lords thereof , that it was by your warlike prowess : For , you are no more warlike , nor more couragious , nor more able to endure hardship , then we Germans : But , we , as is aforesaid , provoked the Gods to wrath , and they to punish our sins , have ordained that you should be a scourge to our persons . You are not so strong , nor we so weak , that you had enjoyed the spoyl of our Country , if the Gods had favoured us as much as they did you : Therefore you obtained not the Victories by the weapons which you brought from Rome , but by the Vices you found in Germany : We were not over-run for being cowards , but for being wicked ; and when your Vices are at full , and the Gods as angry with you , as they are now with us , things will succeed better on our behalf . Think not to be the more prosperous or victorious by your great Armies or vast Treasures , or for that you have more potent Gods to assist you , or because you build greater Temples , or offer larger Sacrifices : For know , if you know it not , that none are more favoured of the Gods , then they who execute Justice and shew Mercy . The triumphs of Conquerours are not atchieved by politick Generals , experienced Captains , valiant Souldiers , and numerous Armies : For we have found by experience , that with all these concurring , they can but begin a battle , and that then , the Gods themselves dispose of the Victory : And if I am not deceived , the wrath of the Gods towards us , is so much appeased since our sufferings , and so incensed against you for your cruelties to us , and your unthankfulness to them ; that , you who now esteem us to be your slaves , may possibly hereafter acknowledge us to be your Lords . In my travails hither , I have seen high Mountains , large Provinces , several Nations , and barbarous People ; and finding Rome to be so many miles distant from Germany , I wonder what fond toy came into your heads , to send to conquer it . If it were for desire of Treasure , I believe , ye spent more in subduing it , then the Revenue of all our Country will amount to in many years , and yet may perhaps also lose it , before you re-imburse what it cost . If it were glory , that you aimed at , great is your vanity ; for , little honour is it to have Forts and Towns , where you have not the hearts of the People . If you did it to enlarge your bounds ; it became neither wise nor valiant men , to enlarge their dominions , and diminish their honour . If you say , it was done , that we should not be barbarous , but civilized according to your mode , I should be therewith well contented : But , how can you give good Laws to strangers , who neglect and break the best Laws made by your own Predecessors ? With what credit can they correct others , who deserve as much correction ? How can the blind lead the Lame ? Why should the proud Romans subdue the innocent Germans ? And since every man is so corrupt , and so alienated from the love of God and Goodness , that each taketh what he can , and killeth whom he listeth , what remedy is like to succeed , when neither they who govern will endeavour it , nor they who are oppressed dare complain ? Rulers are so hard to be entreated , and so little regard poor mens grievances , that it is not more grievous to endure their oppressions at home , then to come and exhibit their complaints here ; because , in their own Country , they have but one Persecutor , and in this place very many ; they being rich , and the Complainants poor . Rome , if she be the Mistress of Germany , ought in equity to preserve us in peace by her Justice ; Whereas they who go from hence thither , despoyl us of our estates there , and they who are here , rob us of our Good name , saying , we are a People without laws , without Reason , without a King , and may as Barbarians be made your slaves : But , in these slanders you are injurious , since we being as we are , and as the Gods created us , remain peaceably in our own Countries , without desiring to invade others , might more justly and rationally say , that you are men without Law or Reason , in that not being contented with the sweetness and fertility of Italy , you seek to conquer all the world by bloodshed . If you say , we deserve to be slaves , because we have no Prince to command us , nor Senate to govern us , nor Army to defend us ; I thereto answer , that having no Enemies , we need no Armies ; that , being contented with our Lots , we wanted not a proud Senate to govern us ; and being all equals , had no necessity to be subjected to the humours of a Prince , whose office duly executed , being to suppress Tyrants , and maintain the People in Peace , we wanted not a person to be kept among us to either of these ends ; and , if you therefore say , we have in our Country no Common-wealth nor Politie , but live as brute beasts in the Mountains ; therein also you slander as : For , in our Country , we suffer no Liers , nor Rebels , nor Thieves , nor seditious persons , nor men who bring us fantastical apparrel , or strange Customs from other Clymates : But , are modest in our Rayment , temperate in our meats and feeding , and needed no better behaviour then our own . Though we have not the Merchandizes of Carthage , nor Oyls of Mauritania , nor wares of Tire , nor steel of Calabria , nor Odours of Asia , nor the Gold of Spain , nor the silver of Britan , Amber of Sydonia , silk of Damascus , corn of Sicilia , wine of Candy , or purple of Arabia : Yet , we have a Common-wealth , and are not brutish : For , these , and such like things , yield more provocations to vice , then helps toward a vertuous life . Blessed is that Common-wealth and Nation , not where riches abound , but where Vertues are commanded , practised , and improved ; not where light , proud , and froward persons inhabit and domineer , but where sober , serious , prudent , and meek men reside ; and therefore you may have cause to envy our Poverty , and we to pity your condition in being Rich. Would God , you were as well contented with your wealth , as we could have been with our Poverty before your invasions ; for then you had not robbed our Country , nor had we been forced hither to complain , where our tears and complaints are not so much regarded , as to effect a diminishment either of your pleasures , or of our grievances . You may think perhaps , I have no more to say ; but it is not so ; there yet remains that to be spoken , which may astonish you ; and I will not be afraid to speak it , though you have not been ashamed to do it ; for , open offences , merit not secret reproofs . I marvail , Romans , what ye mean , to send over unto us such ignorant Governours , who ( I swear by the immortal Gods ) neither seem to know your Laws , nor to understand ours ! Ye send not those who are best able to defend us by executing Justice , but , those who are best befriended in Rome ; as perhaps , you give to those of the Senate the office of Censors , more for favour or importunity , then for desert . I can say little here , in respect of what they do with us . What you authorize them to do , I know not , but what they do , is too well known unto me . All bribes that are brought unto them , they take openly , and share and poll us all in secret , to the utmost of their power . They punish the faults of poor men , and connive at rich mens transgressions , that they may take occasion and encouragement to commit greater ; and whereas they should use means to diminish reproach and slanders , they encrease them . To demand Justice without a bribe , is the certain course not to obtain it . Will your Tyrannie and Avarice never have an end ? Though you wrong us in words , oppress us not also in deeds . Our bodies are able to bear those irons with which you load us ; but the Tributes and Taxes which you impose , are greater then we can sustain . If nothing will content you , but all that we have in Germany , go thither and take it , for we affect not , as you do , to live poorly , that we may die rich , and to deprive our selves of contentment during life , that others may squander away our superfluities when we are dead . If our service content you not , strike off our heads : for your swords are not so dreadful to our eyes , as your tyrannies are abominable to our hearts . Do ye know , Oh Romans , what you have done ? if not , I will tell you : Verily , you have caused many of us to swear , that we will forbear to cohabit with our wives , and slay our children as soon as born , rather then leave them in the hands of such wicked and inhumane Tyrants as ye are : Yea , we determine as desperate men , to resist the natural motions of the flesh all our life time , rather then get our wives with child : thinking it better to restrain our lusting twenty or thirty years , then to leave our posterity to be your perpetual slaves . But , to what end is this complaining ? Perhaps you will sometimes hear us , as now you hear me ; but when you have heard us , you will be still slow in relieving . I will tell you some of those things which I have observed , that you may reform them . If a poor man come to complain and demand Justice , if he hath no money to give , nor Wine or Oyl to promise , nor a Revenue to maintain his expences nor Friends to mediate for him ; then after he hath declared his grievances ; you , for awhile , give him fair words , seem to pity his sufferings , and promise him speedy relief . But in the mean time make him totally spend that little which he had , and wast the best part of his life in vain hopes and tedious prosecutions , without any effect at all to his profit : Yea , on the contrary , they who at first promised him favours , do at last joyn hands with his oppressors , and quite undo him . Most say in the beginning , his cause is good , yet though upon his tryal they find it so proved , they give sentence against him at the last ; so that he who came at first hither to complain against one , returns home complaining against many , yea against all , and crying out to the immortal Gods for vengeance . I will declare unto you my life , Oh Romans , that ye may understand , how we now live and subsist in my Country : I get my livelihood by gathering Acorns in the Winter , by Fruits in the Summer , and reaping Corn : Sometimes I fish , both for pleasure , and to supply necessaries , spending most part of my time alone in Woods , Fields and Mountains , because I would not behold the outrages which are perpetrated by your Officers in our Country ; whose oppressions , if I could fully declare them , would appear so many and so hainous , that either they would be deprived of their Employments , or my punishment would certainly ensue . But what good success can I hope for ? When I consider the things which I have seen within these fifteen dayes now passed away since my arrival in Rome ; where such things have been committed , that if they had been done in Germany , the Gallows and Gibbets had worthily hung as thick with malefactors , as Vines with clusters of Grapes ? For , I have observed , ( beside other things observable ) such immodesty in apparrel , such intemperance in your feeding , and such disorder in your lives and affairs , that having beheld as much as I desired : and my heart being at rest , by spitting out that poyson which was in it , I am ready to make recompence for it with my head , if I have offended , &c. This , and somewhat more , which for brevity sake I omitted , was spoken in this bold manner , by a person as contemptible as this Remonstrant ( to a greater and a more absolute Power then we live under ) on the behalf of himself and Country-men , who were thereby oppressed , and , who , though reputed the greatest Tyrants of the world , were not so Tyrannous , as to be enraged by his upbraidings & bold expressions , whom oppression had exasperated : For , we find it attested by that famous Emperour , who occasionally related this Speech , that it was highly approved , both by the whole Senate and by him , as well becoming the Speaker , in such a case ; yea , notwithstanding the tartness thereof . His testimoniall after he had said much in praise of this Oration , to those unto whom he declared it , was delivered in words to this effect : By the faith of a good man ( said he ) I saw this German stand boldly on his feet , and undismayed a whole hour , whilest all we in the Senate sate beholding the earth with shame , not able to answer him one word ; because indeed he had astonished us , to see the little regard he had of his life . But , the Senate agreed altogether , ( said he ) the next day to send new Governours and Judges into Germany ; commanded him to deliver unto us in writing all that he had said , to be registred among the good sayings of strangers ; made him a Free-man of Rome ; chose him to be a Senator , and appointed him a maintenance out of the common Treasury . By this , it appears , that there is a way , whereby a prudent Senate , or Supream Authority , may advance their honour , if they please , by hearing with patience and good acceptation , those bold and free speakings , tending to the execution of Justice , which Fools mis-interpret as scandalous , and tending to their dishonour or disadvantage . And the Remonstrant hath made use of these Ethnick precedents and testimonies , that they who profess Christianity , may be the more ashamed , to hear that Heathens and meer natural men should surpass them in generousness , in zeal to Justice , and in compassionately permitting grieved Supplicants boldly , plainly and openly , to signifie their grievances , and particularize their Oppressors , if need be , not only without blame , but also , with Approbation , Remedy and Reward . Here , this Remonstrant , purposed to conclude : But , as many times , he knows neither when he shall begin to write , nor what he shall write untill he hath begun : So , be knows not sometimes when he shall make an end , untill he hath done . Whilest he was transcribing what is last added , Providence offered to his view an Epistle written by Marcus Aurelius , then Censor , to his friend Catullus , concerning the news which was at that time in Rome : Which comprehendeth so many particulars pertinent to our consideration at this present , & which have such resemblances to occurrences in this our generation , that he could not omit it : Therefore , it is here epitomized in these words , preserving the true genuine sense of that Epistle . Marcus the new Censor , to Catullus now aged , sendeth greeting . Ten dayes past I received thy Letter in the Temple of Janus , whom I take to witness , that I had rather have seen thy person . Thou desirest my Letters may be long , but shortness of time , compells me to make them shorter then I would . To answer thy expectation of knowing what news is now here , I shall not be so able as I could have been , if thou hadst desired to be informed , Whether any thing that was good and old , is yet remaining here amongst us in Rome or Italy : For , by our evil destiny , all that was good and old is ended , and new things which are evil , do now begin to abound . The Emperour , the Consuls , the Tribunes , the Senators , the Aediles , the Flamins , the Praetors , the Centurions , and almost all things are new save the Vertues , which are grown obsolet . We pass the time in making new Officers , in devising new Projects and Counsels , in raising new Taxes , with such like ; and there have been more novelties within four years , then in four hundred heretofore . We now assemble three hundred to counsel in the Capitol , and there we brag and boast , swear and promise , that we will extoll the Vertuous , subdue the Vitious , favour the Right , not wink at wrongs , punish the evil , reward the good , repair the old , edifie new , pluck Vices up by the roots , plant Vertues , follow that which is good , reprove Tyrants , and relieve the poor and oppressed : But , when we are gone from thence , they who speak the best words , commit the worst deeds . The Senators pass away their time in saying , We will do , We will do ; but , every man seeks his own profit , and forgets both private mens injuries , and the Weal-Publick . I often hear in the Senate , much eloquence in words , fair shews of zeal to Justice , and much spoken by many in justification of themselves ; and when I come abroad , am ashamed to see their evil works , with their cruel extortions , and find it to be very frequent for them who commit the greatest crimes , to be most severe in giving sentence against others for the same offences . We behold our own faults in mirrours which make them seem less , and other mens in multiplying-glasses , making them appear greater . Oh! how many have I seen condemned by the Senate for one fault committed but once in all their life-time , when they themselves commit the same fault , or worse , every hour ! I read , that in the time of Alexander the great , there was a famous Pirate called Dionides , who robbing all Ships he could meet withall , Alexander set forth a great Navy to apprehend him , which having taken him , and presented him to Alexander , that King said unto him , Why Dionides , dost thou spoyl so on the Seas , that no Ship can sale in safety for thee ? The Pirate answered , If I spoyl by Sea , why dost thou spoyl both by Sea and Land ? Oh Alexander , because I fight with one single Ship at Sea , I am called a Pirate , and because thou robbest with two hundred Ships at Sea , and troublest all the world with two hundred thousand men by Land , thou art called an Emperour . I swear unto thee Alexander , if the Gods were so favourable to me , as they are to thee , and so adverse to thee , as now they are to me , and would give me thine Empire , and bestow on thee my little Ship , peradventure I should be a better Emperour then thou art , and thou wouldst be a worse Pirate then I. This bold speech pleased Alexander so well , that he made him General of a great Army ; and he became more vertuous by Land , then he was vicious by Sea . Now , in Italy , they who rob openly , are called LORDS , and they who rob privately , are called Thieves . I read in the Annals of Livy , that there came an Embassador from Spain to Rome , to treat of a Peace with the Romans , which Embassador proved before the Senate , that he had been robbed ten times of his goods , whilest he was at Rome , and that he had seen one of those who robbed him , hang another who defended him ; and that seeing so wicked a deed , he took a coal , and wrote upon the Gibbet these words . Oh Gibbet , thou art planted among thieves , art made by thieves , and hanged full of innocents . The whole history wherein these words are found , was written with black ink , and these words in Vermilion Letters . I cannot tell what other news to send thee ; but every thing here is so new and tender , and joyned with such ill Cement , that I fear all will shortly fall suddenly in pieces . Some , are so hastily and so highly promoted , that I dare assure thee rather of their Fall , then of their lives and firm standing . We have already seen many , at whose rising we wondered , and as much marvelled at their sudden fall . We have seen Cincius Fulvius , in one year made Consul , his children Tribunes , his wife Matron to the Virgins , as also Keepress of the Capitol , and after that , not in one year , but the same day , saw Cincius beheaded in the place , his children drowned in Tiber , his wife banished , his house rased to the ground , and all his goods confiscate to the Common Treasury ; and this rigorous example we have not read of in a Book , but seen with our eyes , that we might the better mind it . Sith I have begun , and thou art in a strange Country , I will write all the news which is here . This year , the 25. of May , an Embassador came out of Asia , who considering it would be dangerous sayling home in Winter ; and seeing after long stay his business was not dispatched , ( being a man of a good courage , and zealous of his Countries affairs ) coming one day to the Senate , and seeing the Senators enter the Capitol unarmed , as the custom is , laying aside their Arms , he spake thus , in presence of all the Senators . FATHERS CONSCRIPT , I am come to Rome from a far Country , & have found Rome without Rome . The fame of the place brought me not hither , but the renown of them who govern it . I came not to see that Exchequer wherein the wealth of all Realms is treasured up , but the Sacred Senate , out of which should issue counsel for all men : I came not to see you , because you were Conquerors of other Nations , but , because I thought you were more vertuous then all other . But , I dare say , except the Gods have made me blind , or taken away my understanding , either you are not Romans of Rome , or this is not Rome of the Romans your predecessors . We have heard that the Kingdoms conquered by their valour , were conserved by the wisdom of this Senate ; but methinks you are more likely to lose , then to keep what your Fathers got ; For their exercise was in realities , and you consume your time in complements and vain ceremonies : I have almost killed my self with laughing at you , to see with what punctualities you leave off those Arms at the Senate gate , with which your Ancestors defended the Empire . What profit is it to your Suppliants , that you lay off those Arms which may hurt one , and put on those which destroy all the world ? What avails it us , that you enter the Senate without sword or dagger , whilest you are armed with malice in your hearts ? Know , ye Romans , we dread you not , as armed Captains , but , as malitious Senators ; we fear not your swords and d●ggers , but your hearts and tongues . It were less injury , if going armed into the Senate , you took away our lives , then to suffer Innocents to be destroyed , by not dispatching their affairs . I neither understand what ye intend , nor can suffer with patience what I see you do . In my Country we disarm Fools : Now , whether your Arms be taken from you as Fools or Mad-men , I know not : If it be done because ye are Fools ; surely it is not the Law of the Gods , that three hundred Fools should govern three hundred thousand wise men . I have tarried here for my answer a long season , and by your delayes , I am further from a dispatch , then I was the first day . We bring you hither , Hony , Oyl , Saffron , Wood , Salt , Silver , and you send us away to seek Justice elsewhere . You have one Law whereby to gather your Tributes , and another whereby to determine Justice : For , we must pay our Tributes in one day , but you will not discharge our Arrands in a whole year . Either take away our lives , that our businesses may have an end , or hear our complaints , that we may live to serve you . If you think my words extravagant , and find them offensive , so you will do Justice to my Country , take my life ; and so I make an end . These were his words , Catullus , which I got in writing , and may now say , that the same boldness and high spirit , which Romans exercised heretofore in other Countries , Strangers now dare to express in Rome . For this Speech some would have had him punished ; but God forbid that any man should suffer for saying Truth in my presence ; seeing that is more then enough which men suffer , though we then persecute them not , when they boldly inform us of their grievances . The sheep cannot be preserved from wolves , if the Shepherds dogs bark not ; and there is no Law of Gods or mans which awardeth punishment for Liars , that will permit any one should be punished for speaking Truth : Yet now , men are chastised more for murmuring against one Senator , then for blaspheming all the Gods at once . We need not seek to the Gods in our Temples : For , the Senators take upon them to be Gods ; but there is great difference betwixt them : For , the Gods do nothing that is evil , and the Senators nothing that is good : The Gods never lie , and the Senators never speak truth : The Gods pardon often , and they never forgive : The Gods are content to be honoured five times in a year , and the Senators would be honoured ten times in a day : The Gods are constant in every thing , and fail in nothing , the Senators are stedfast in nothing , and fail in all things ; and when they intend not to amend their faults , they cannot endure their Suppliants should inform them of the Truth . But , be it as it may be ; this I am sure of , that it is impossible for them to be just , or sincerely to apply themselves to any vertue , who withdraw their ears from listning to the Truth : And no mortal man , be he Orator , or Consul , or Censor , or Emperour , how well soever he takes heed to his wayes , and orders his desires , but he shall other while have need of some Reproof and Counsel . Now I have written concerning others , I will inform thee of somewhat concerning my self , because thou desirest it . Know that in the Kalends of January , I was made Censor in the Senate , which I neither desired nor deserve . No wise man will spontaneously take upon himself the burthen and charge of looking to other mens affairs ; for it is an hard task to please every man in such an office ; and he who undertakes it , must often make shew in countenance , of that which is not in his heart . Good men only ought to be put into office , and in the eighth Table of our antient Laws , it is enjoyned , That charge of Justice be never given to him who seeks or desires it , but that men be chosen to such places with great deliberation , because few men are so vertuous and loving to their Country , as to take offices upon themselves , so much for the benefit of other men , as for their own utility . Unhappy is Rome , if I be one of those who best deserveth such an office . I had no need of it , but accepted thereof to fulfill the command of Antonius my Grandfather , and to be obedient to the Senate , who had thereto elected me of their own accord , &c. This Remonstrant leaves it to your grave wisdoms , who are in Authority , and to all other prudent Readers , to make that Use and Application of these preceding Fragments of Antiquity , as they shall find cause ; and to consider whether these be not Exemplary Precedents , which may excuse at least ( if not justifie ) those plain and free expressions , which both his private necessities , and the constitution of Publick Affairs do require at this present , in relation to the Common Peace , to the preservation of Publick Honour , and to himself . Howsoever , he will now conclude , adding only an humble Prayer to all you who are in Power , and one reasonable request to them , on whose behalf he was chiefly induced and emboldened , to draw up this Pleading . His Prayer to you in Authority , is , that by your mediation and endeavours in your several capacities , means may be prosecuted , whereby , to the honour of GOD , those Covenants , Contracts and Securities , made and granted by this Nations Representative , may be preserved without infringement , according to the Tenour of his Divine Law ; That the Honour and Priviledges of the Humane Nature , may be duely tendred , by acting according to the Law of Reason ; and that the credit of the English Nation may be kept from being violated and disparaged , by making good what their elected Representative engaged to perform , either in Specie , or , by a Recompence nobly and generously vouchsafed ; and not by that irrational way of Discount , which is by some proposed : For it is not only impossible , after so many years , and so many transactions , of which no memorials were kept , in expectation of a future accompt ; but it will be very injurious also , unless the said Purchasers and Lenders may be allowed to demand and receive satisfaction upon Account and Discount , for all their losses , their hindrances by expences in time , and their suits , solicitations , and forbearances occasioned ( without their default ) by those engagements which necessitated them to be Purchasers or Lenders ; as also , for all improvements , by them made at their proper cost , together with the charges of prosecuting a Composition before the Commissioners lately authorised to mediate the same ; and for dammages sustained by Interest of money , and loss of the profits of those Lands , which are intruded upon , and left unoccupied the mean while . These particulars being omitted , it will be as unconscionable a Proposition , as it would be to Merchant-Adventurers , ( who must ballance their losses at one time , with what they gain at another ) to compell them to make sale of their Wares , brought home at their last Voyage , according to the Disbursments only at that Return , without any respect had , to what they lost formerly , or may possibly lose hereafter . Nay , it is far more unconscionable , in regard that whereas Merchants do usually gain sufficiently , at one time or other , to make them both savers and gainers , toward the advance of their estates ; many of the said Purchasers and Lenders , have been by casualities , by having that which was due unto them detained many years , and otherwise by gross injustice , very great losers , ( without their own default ) in every Purchase , Loan and Contract , made to and with them , who were intrusted with Publick Concernments , and exercised the Supream Power , without contradiction ; and whereto , being conscientiously obedient , they ought in equity to have their obedience rewarded , as it was said , their Piety and Charity should be , who administred to his necessities as a Disciple of Christs , who came in the name of his Disciple , though peradventure he was an Impostor . And it is more then probable , that many of the said Purchasers and Lenders , if they have gotten ought , or been savers by the said Parliaments Grants in one particular , have lost more then the whole Interest and Principal of their Disbursments in the rest of their Contracts , Expences and Debts , pretended to have been secured unto them by the said Parliament , as it hath happened unto this Remonstrant in his own particular . His single request , before-mentioned , to his Fellow-Purchasers and Lenders , shall be but this , that , they would be more just and respective unto him , then some of them have been ( as he hears ) in their Censures passed upon this Remonstrance , when it was perused in private : For , though it were voluntarily by him composed , with as much regard unto their good , as unto his own oppressive sufferings , without putting them to any cost or pains , ( though also , none or few of them had more just cause to complain ; though he is more certain of the reality of his own oppressions , then of all theirs , and though the Common Grievances may thereby be more illustrated , then by many of their sufferings . ) They , nevertheless , not considering ( as usually they do in their own cases ) that Egomet mihi proximus , do grudge this Remonstrant the mentioning his personal wrongs ; and ( as if they who suffered most , had least right to complain ) misconster his insisting upon his own Oppressions , as not comely in their judgement , or else , as likely to make his Arguments the less effectual on their behalf ; which want of Prudence , Justice and Charity , he cannot well approve of ; and therefore desires them to be more thankful to their friends , lest they discourage every man from Apologizing for them , when they cannot , or dare not speak for themselves . Though this Remonstrant intends well to all , he hath no such ill meaning to himself , as in the prosecution of the Common Interest , sottishly to neglect his own well being , when it is therewith involved . He might have inserted much more in relation both to the Puhlick Interest , and to his own , but he confesseth he hath omitted in prudence , not a few Arguments of more strength then any yet alleadged ; because , he knows they may at this time , be more mischievous to him , then available to that Cause for which he pleadeth ; and that it would have been rather madness then discretion , to produce them out of season . That , which he hath offered to consideration , is expressed with a good Conscience toward GOD , his Prince , his Countrey , and to each individual person therein : and he desires no otherwise to prosper in this world , then as he is an enemy to no mans person , whatsoever his judgement be , but only to his Errours and Vices ; and as he unfeignedly desires rather their conversion , then their impoverishment , shame and confusion . He doth but hereby endeavour , ( as he hath often done heretofore ) to discharge the Office of a Remembrancer to these Nations , & in barking like a true English Mastive , when he thinks his Masters House or Flocks are endangered by Thieves or Wolves ; and therefore , though his name be herein already Aenigmatically inscribed , and was thought by him at first , to have been a sufficient attestation hereof : he doth now upon more deliberation , openly subscribe what he hath Remonstrated with this name George Wither . A BRIEF Advertisement , Not unreasonably hazzarded . THis Remonstrant , being desirous that the Honour and well-being both of the King and People , may be preserved by a timely supply of all their necessities ; and hearing since the conclusion of this Remonstrance , that his Majestie hath present use of a very great summ of Money , an Expedient , came suddenly into thought , whereby in his judgement , he may not only be supplyed , but thereby prevent also a great mischief which is already felt , and whereof we shall every day grow more and more sensible , by that diligence which is now practised to draw a considerable part of the Kingdoms Treasure into private hands . For , the Ecclesiasticks , by being repossessed of about an hundred forty and two thousand pounds per annum , ( as this Remonstraant is credibly informed ) by Impropriations , now well near all out of Lease , besides Parsonages and Vicaridges , with other vast Revenues lately so much improved , that their Annual worth is greatly enlarged , have already raised so many hundred thousands of pounds by Fines and Rents , that it hath exhausted the Treasure of this Kingdom out of the Peoples purses , into their secret Hoords ; even so much , that there is not sufficient for men to follow their Trades and Callings , pay Taxes , and sustain their Families , without great penury : And the said Ecclesiasticks , ( as it is famed also ) are so suspitious of the Securities of these Times , and ( perhaps , justly so fearful lest the King and his Council , or the King and the next Parliament , may take their Uselesness , Avarice and Ambition , into such serious consideration ) that , to provide for what may possibly succeed , they will either hide their money in the earth , where much of it may be quite lost ; or else keep it so close , that little of it will be employed , for Advance of Traffick & Negotiations betwixt man and man , & Trade thereby obstructed , much more then at present ; especially , by that time they have fleeced every sheep within their Jurisdictions . Therefore , the King and his Council , ( upon a view taken of what they have received ) may if they need it for Publick-uses , get speedy supply of money , ( as legally as they repossess those Lands ) by requiring a Benevolence from all the Prelates , now enriched to excess , meerly by the Kings Favour ; and who , being ( for the most part ) old men , with one foot and a half in the Grave ( and some of them childless ) shall not only have more left then is necessary ; yea , much more ( though nothing be left them but their yearly Rents ) then either their Predecessors had , or then they will deserve , as now they are constituted : But , by this means also , much money which is , or which probably would else be Hoorded up , to the Publick dammage , will be dispersed to the advance of Trading , and to the employing of many thousands , who now want bread for their Families , because there is not wherewith to set them on work : Or else , ( which will be a far better Expedient , if the King were so pleased ) he may be supplyed more to his honour , by the Purchasers of the said Prelates Lands , if by his favour they were thereto enabled , as they might justly be : For , this Remonstrant is perswaded , if they might have their Bargains and Sales confirmed by Parliament , with his Royal assent , they would contribute a more bountiful supply then the Prelates ; and would be Possessors and Occupiers of those estates for the future , more to the glory of God , more for his , with the Publick honour and welfare , and more for the lawful benefit and advantage of private Persons : And , this Remonstrant can not forbear openly to profess , that he thinks in his conscience , the Prelates are neither consistent with an Orthodox Christian Discipline , nor with the lawful Interests of King or People : And , that he wonders at the madness of this Generation , seeing so many thousands within their knowledge undone by trusting to the Bargains , Sales and Securities of their Parliaments , which were thought the best Security in the world ; that , they will now adventure their money upon so slender a security , as the hand and seal only , of old doting men , who are Tenants but for life , ( perhaps , but during pleasure ) without a general warranty , by some good Collateral Security . But , let those adventrous Contractors do as they please ; The Remonstrant having played the Fool himself in trusting to such Securities , hath no reason to grudge other men the liberty to buy wit with their own money ; and though in charity , he would prevent their dammage , yet , knowing he shall never be able to make such men wiser by examples or counsel , until they have as well paid for it as he hath done , he will scrible no more to that purpose ; but conclude all with this prayer , GOD BLESS THE KING and PEOPLE , and encline those who can better vindicate the Publick Faith of this Nation , to contribute their endeavours in due season . FINIS . THough this Authors writings have been contemned , and disgracefully termed Scriblings by some ; yet , because by them the constitution of the Generation wherin he liveth , may be partly known ; very many have importuned him , to publish a Catalogue of those Poems and Discourses which have been heretofore by him composed and imprinted , together with those which are not yet published ; that , they who are desirous to collect them for their private use , may know by what names to enquire for them . Therefore to fulfill their desire , the said Author hath here set down the Titles of so many of them as he remembers at this time , ( not in order as they were written , but as they came to mind ) whereby , if any of those Manuscripts which were lost when his house was plundred , or by other casualities , shall be brought again to his hand , he will be very thankful to the bringer , and give him a Copy thereof , if he desire it , or what other satisfaction he shall reasonably demand . Those Books which were composed in his minority , and may therefore be called his Juvenilia , are these . 1. Iter Hibernicum , or , His Irish Voyage . Verse . 2. Iter Boreale , a Northern Journey . ver. 3. Patricks Purgatory . ver. 4. Philaretes complaint . ver. These four last mentioned were lost in Manuscript . 5. Fidelia . ver. 6. Eglogs . ver. 7. An Epithalamium . 8. A Funeral Elegie on P. H. 9. Abuses stript and whipt ; two Books . 10. The Shepherds Hunting . 11. The Shepherds Pipe , composed joyntly by him and Mr. W. Brown . 12. The Scourge . 13. The Mistress of Philarete . These Books following were composed when he was of riper years . 14. Withers Motto , ( videl. ) Nec habeo , nec careo , nec curo . 15. An Apology to the Lords of the Council , in justification of the Reproof of Vices in his Poems . 16. A Satyre to the King . 17. A Treatise of antient Hieroglyphicks , with their various significations ; a Manuscr . lost . 18. Emblems , in folio . 19. A preparation to the Psalter , in folio . 20. Exercises on the first Psalm , in prose and ver. 21. Exercises on the nine Psalms next following , in pro . and ver. all lost . 22. A metricall Translation of Davids Psalms . 23. A translation of Nemesius , De natura hominis . pro . 24. A metricall translation of the Canonical Hymns and Songs . 25. Three Books , of Hymns and Spiritual Songs , for several occasions . 26. The Scholars Purgatory . pro . 27. The pursuit of Happiness , being a character of the extravagancy of the Authors Affections and Passions in his youth . prose , not Printed . 28. Riddles , Songs and Epigrams ; not Printed . 29. A Discourse concerning the Plantations of Ulster in Ireland , with preconjectures of what consequents would probably ensue . pro . 30. The Dutchess . ver. not Printed . 31. Domestick Devotions . pro . not Printed . 32. Another Funeral Elegie : not Printed . 33. A Tract of Usury , wherein , that Lending for increase , which is forbidden in Scripture , is distinguished from that which is lawful : not Printed . 34. Meditations upon the X. Commandments , with Sculptures . ver. 35 , Familiar Epistles . prose , lost . 36. The Authors confession of his Faith , both in Fundamentals , and in relation to most points controverted by men of several judgements in Religion : not Printed . 37. A precatory Meditation and Soliloquy with God , on the behalf of his children and their posterity , if they have any : not Printed . 38 A Discourse to a Friend , touching the consolations in close imprisonment : not Printed . 39. Britains Remembrancer . These that follow , were written since the beginning of the Long Parliament . 40. Campomusae . ver. 41. Vox pacifica . ver. 42. Vaticinium poeticum . ver. 43. Caveat Emptor . pro . 44. Se defendendo . pro . 45. Justiciarius Justificatus . pro . 46. Letter of Advice touching chusing Members of Parliament . pro . 47. Mercurius Rusticus . pro . 48. Britains Genius . 49. A Petition and Narrative to the Parliament . pro . 50. Opobalsamum Anglicanum . ver. 51. Carmen Expostulatorum . ver. 52. A single Si quis . ver. 53. Carmen Terrarium Semicynicum . ver 54. A thankful Retribution . ver. 55. The tired Petitioner . ver. 56. What Peace to the Wicked ? ver. 57. The Speech without door . pro . 58. Withers Disclaimer . pro . 59. The Dark Lantern and perpetual Parliament . ver. 60. Boni Ominis Votum . ver. 61. Know thy self . ver. 62. The true state of the Cause betwixt the King and Parliament . pro . mis-laid or lost . 63. The Delinquents purgation . pro . 64. West-row revived . ver. 65. The sinners Confession . ver. 66. A Cordial Confection , &c. pro . 67. Verses to the individual Members of Parliament . 68. Epistolium-Vagum-prosau●metricum . 69. Furor poeticus . ver. 70. A suddain Flash . ver. 71. Salt upon Salt . ver. 72. Amigdala Britannica , or , Almonds for Parrets . ver. 73. The British Appeal . ver. 74. There Grains of Frankincense . ver. 75. The Protector . ver. 76. Carmen Eucharisticon , or a private Oblation , &c. ver. 77. Speculum Speculativum , or a Considering-glass . ver. 78. Fides Anglicana , or a Plea for the Publick Faith of these Nations . 79. A Declaration in the person of Oliver Cromwell , given into his own hand , and tending to the settling of such a Government as he never intended . pro . 80. A Private Address to the said Oliver , in prose and verse , offering things pertinent to his consideration , into his hand sealed up . 81. Another Address for the third day of Sept. 1658. given to his own hands likewise . 82. Another Address given to R. Cromwells own hands . Neither of these four last-mentioned were imprinted ; for they were private Remembrances both of their duties and failings ; with forewarnings of what is since come to pass . These and some other scriblings , whose Titles this Author cannot now remember , are here set down , not for ostentation , but to satisfie the requests of his Friends . By these it may appear , how ( for about 52. years together ) he hath employed himself , and that though he be none of the wisest , and hath failed in many other things , he hath been alwayes well affected to his Country ; and so desirous to be serviceable to his generation , that perhaps he hath not merited to be thereby totally destroyed , though to God he hath been an unprofitable servant . Be it considered that some of these Books were composed in his unripe age ; some , when wiser men then he erred ; and that in regard there is in all of them , somewhat savouring of a natural spirit , and somewhat dictated by a better spirit then his own , it will concern every man to try the spirits , and to adhere to that only which is agreeable to the Touch stone of Truth , which is left us by the Father of Spirits ; to be the Test of all mens writings .