The true portraiture of the kings of England, drawn from their titles, successions, raigns and ends, or, A short and exact historical description of every king, with the right they have had to the crown, and the manner of their wearing of it, especially from William the Conqueror wherein is demonstrated that there hath been no direct succession in the line to create an hereditary right, for six or seven hundred years : faithfully collected out of our best histories, and humbly presented to the Parliament of England / by an impartial friend to justice and truth.
         Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.
      
       
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         EarlyPrint Project
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         ESTC R33010
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         94379
         
           
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             The true portraiture of the kings of England, drawn from their titles, successions, raigns and ends, or, A short and exact historical description of every king, with the right they have had to the crown, and the manner of their wearing of it, especially from William the Conqueror wherein is demonstrated that there hath been no direct succession in the line to create an hereditary right, for six or seven hundred years : faithfully collected out of our best histories, and humbly presented to the Parliament of England / by an impartial friend to justice and truth.
             Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.
          
           [4], 42 p.
           
             Printed by R.W. for Francis Tyton ...,
             London :
             1650.
          
           
             "To the reader" signed: Henry Parker.
             Imperfect: print showthrough with loss of print.
             Reproduction of original in the Union Theological Seminary Library, New York.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Kings and rulers -- Succession.
           Great Britain -- Kings and rulers.
           Great Britain -- Politics and government.
        
      
    
       A56345  R33010  (Wing P429).  civilwar no The true portraiture of the kings of England; drawn from their titles, successions, raigns and ends. Or, A short and exact historical descri Parker, Henry 1650    22163 33 5 0 0 0 0 17 C  The  rate of 17 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the C category of texts with between 10 and 35 defects per 10,000 words. 
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        2008-04 John Latta
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        2008-09 pfs
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           THE
           TRVE
           PORTRAITVRE
           of
           the
           KINGS
           OF
           ENGLAND
           ;
           Drawn
           from
           their
           Titles
           ,
           Successions
           ,
           Raigns
           and
           Ends
           .
        
         
           OR
           ,
           A
           Short
           and
           Exact
           Historical
           description
           of
           every
           King
           ,
           with
           the
           Right
           they
           have
           had
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           the
           manner
           of
           their
           wearing
           of
           it
           ;
           especially
           from
           
             WILLIAM
          
           the
           
             Conqueror
             .
          
        
         
           Wherein
           is
           Demonstated
           ,
           that
           there
           hath
           been
           no
           direct
           succession
           in
           the
           line
           to
           create
           an
           hereditary
           right
           ,
           for
           six
           or
           seven
           hundred
           yeers
           ;
           faithfully
           collected
           out
           of
           our
           best
           Histories
           ,
           and
           humbly
           presented
           to
           the
           Parliament
           of
           
             England
             .
          
        
         
           
             By
             an
             impartial
             Friend
             to
             Iustice
             and
             Truth
             .
          
        
         
           
             Psal.
             146.
             3.
             
          
           
             Put
             not
             your
             trust
             in
             Princes
             .
          
        
         
           
             Psal.
             62.
             9.
             
          
           
             Men
             of
             high
             degree
             are
             a
             lye
             ;
             to
             be
             laid
             in
             the
             Ballance
             ,
             they
             are
             altogether
             lighter
             then
             vanitie
             .
          
        
         
           
             Nihil
             est
             imperium
             ut
             sapientes
             definiunt
             ,
             nisi
             cura
             salutis
             alienae
             ,
          
           
             
               Ammianus
               lib.
            
             39.
             
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             R.
             W.
          
           for
           
             Francis
             Tyton
          
           at
           the
           three
           
             Daggers
          
           in
           
             Fleet-street
             ,
          
           neer
           the
           Inner
           Temple-Gate
           ,
           1650.
           
        
      
       
       
       
         
           To
           the
           READER
           .
        
         
           
             READER
             ,
          
        
         
           IN
           the
           Study
           of
           Politicks
           ,
           the
           more
           confident
           we
           are
           ,
           commonly
           the
           less
           proficient
           we
           are
           .
           For
           there
           is
           no
           other
           study
           wherein
           the
           Passions
           of
           men
           do
           more
           impetuously
           contravene
           ,
           and
           overturn
           right
           Reason
           .
           Men
           born
           in
           popular
           States
           ,
           think
           themselves
           bound
           to
           abhor
           all
           Kings
           ,
           as
           being
           
             De
             genere
             Bestiarum
             rapacium
             :
          
           So
           
             Rome
          
           it self
           pronounced
           from
           the
           mouth
           of
           
             Cato
          
           the
           Censor
           .
           Others
           on
           the
           contrary
           born
           under
           Monarchs
           ,
           speak
           as
           odiously
           of
           Democracies
           ,
           and
           make
           this
           reply
           to
           
             Cato
             ,
          
           That
           even
           
             Rome
          
           her self
           ,
           when
           she
           plundred
           a
           third
           part
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           graced
           her
           own
           Captains
           ,
           with
           the
           pompous
           titles
           of
           
             Africanus
             ,
             Asiaticus
             ,
             Achaicus
             ,
             &c.
          
           was
           as
           ravenous
           a
           beast
           as
           any
           other
           .
           See
           what
           strong
           Byasses
           wisemen
           have
           ,
           and
           obey
           .
           The
           Question
           is
           not
           ,
           Whether
           this
           ,
           or
           that
           form
           be
           free
           from
           oppression
           and
           injustice
           ,
           or
           not
           ;
           we
           know
           well
           ,
           all
           Forms
           have
           their
           peculiar
           advantages
           ,
           and
           disadvantages
           :
           and
           that
           at
           some
           times
           they
           all
           transgress
           their
           own
           Rules
           and
           Interests
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           by
           accident
           ,
           and
           not
           out
           of
           misconstitution
           :
           The
           question
           is
           ,
           Whether
           the
           one
           constitution
           or
           the
           other
           be
           more
           free
           ,
           
             {non-Roman}
             {non-Roman}
             {non-Roman}
             {non-Roman}
             {non-Roman}
          
           ,
           from
           oppression
           ,
           and
           injustice
           ?
           Now
           for
           solution
           of
           this
           ,
           greater
           light
           shines
           ,
           and
           breaks
           in
           upon
           us
           from
           demonstration
           ,
           and
           sensual
           proof
           ,
           then
           from
           Syllogisms
           ,
           and
           logical
           inductions
           .
           Reading
           assures
           us
           ,
           that
           
             Rome
          
           was
           not
           so
           just
           to
           other
           Nations
           ,
           nor
           so
           constant
           to
           the
           Interest
           of
           her
           own
           Citizens
           ,
           when
           she
           was
           under
           Kings
           and
           Emperors
           ,
           as
           she
           was
           ,
           when
           she
           chose
           her
           own
           Consuls
           ,
           and
           limited
           Magistrates
           .
           T
           is
           as
           apparent
           also
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           that
           the
           people
           of
           
             Venice
             ,
          
           the
           
             German
          
           Hans-Towns
           ,
           
             Switzerland
             ,
          
           
           the
           
             United
             Provinces
             ,
          
           &c.
           do
           more
           flourish
           ,
           and
           truly
           injoy
           the
           due
           benefits
           of
           Liberty
           ,
           there
           the
           
             French
             ,
             Turkish
             ,
          
           or
           any
           Royalists
           whatsoever
           .
           T
           is
           further
           as
           visible
           by
           the
           publike
           banks
           of
           Treasure
           kept
           in
           Democracies
           ,
           and
           the
           strange
           splendor
           which
           Traffick
           brings
           to
           them
           beyond
           Monarchies
           ,
           that
           Faith
           is
           not
           kept
           so
           sacred
           and
           inviolable
           where
           one
           raigns
           ,
           as
           where
           Majesty
           and
           Supream
           Power
           remains
           vested
           in
           the
           people
           ;
           and
           most
           sure
           it
           is
           ,
           the
           sanctity
           and
           untemerated
           chastity
           of
           publike
           Faith
           is
           the
           best
           and
           firmest
           basis
           of
           all
           Government
           .
           To
           dispute
           these
           things
           ,
           is
           to
           undervalue
           the
           report
           of
           our
           own
           senses
           ;
           and
           to
           deny
           our
           own
           senses
           ,
           is
           to
           deny
           our selves
           to
           be
           men
           .
           The
           enemies
           of
           our
           present
           Government
           ubraide
           this
           our
           popular
           model
           ,
           the
           rather
           ,
           because
           it
           exasperates
           all
           our
           neighbours
           against
           us
           ;
           whereas
           this
           is
           a
           great
           argument
           for
           us
           ,
           that
           our
           neighbours
           are
           troubled
           at
           the
           ejection
           of
           Monarchy
           .
           For
           neighbours
           are
           more
           apt
           to
           envie
           then
           pitty
           :
           and
           the
           condition
           of
           him
           that
           is
           envied
           ,
           is
           far
           better
           then
           his
           that
           is
           pitied
           .
           The
           main
           advantage
           that
           commends
           Hereditary
           Monarchy
           ,
           is
           the
           unity
           of
           it
           ,
           for
           that
           it
           is
           not
           so
           liable
           to
           civil
           broils
           and
           commotions
           ,
           as
           other
           temperaments
           where
           the
           Magistrate
           is
           elective
           :
           Yet
           Reader
           ,
           if
           thou
           wilt
           strip
           thy self
           of
           thy
           passions
           and
           prejudices
           ,
           and
           peruse
           this
           Treatise
           ,
           thou
           shalt
           see
           that
           even
           Hereditary
           Monarchy
           it self
           is
           far
           from
           being
           a
           soveraign
           ,
           a
           remedy
           against
           civil
           breaches
           and
           divisions
           .
           The
           Author
           of
           this
           Book
           is
           unknown
           to
           me
           ,
           and
           the
           Book
           it self
           came
           casually
           to
           my
           hands
           ,
           but
           I
           have
           been
           induced
           to
           publish
           it
           ,
           because
           it
           invites
           thee
           not
           to
           Precepts
           ,
           but
           Precedents
           ,
           not
           to
           Disputable
           but
           to
           visible
           Politicks
           .
           I
           need
           say
           no
           more
           ;
           by
           the
           Work
           rather
           then
           report
           judge
           of
           the
           Author
           ,
           and
           by
           Experiment
           rather
           then
           Logick
           judge
           of
           the
           Work
           .
        
         
           
             HENRY
             PARKER
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
       
         
           The
           true
           Portraiture
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           drawn
           from
           their
           Titles
           ,
           Successions
           ,
           Reigns
           ,
           and
           Ends
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           TO
           treat
           of
           the
           nature
           and
           difference
           of
           Governments
           ,
           the
           distinction
           and
           preheminence
           of
           Monarchy
           ,
           or
           Aristocracie
           ,
           with
           the
           other
           kinds
           ,
           and
           forms
           ,
           which
           have
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           temper
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           and
           the
           necessity
           of
           providence
           ,
           had
           their
           course
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           will
           be
           useless
           in
           this
           discourse
           ,
           which
           is
           calculated
           only
           for
           this
           Nation
           ,
           and
           to
           describe
           not
           so
           much
           the
           Government
           ,
           as
           the
           Persons
           who
           have
           ruled
           among
           us
           ,
           and
           is
           onely
           suited
           to
           Monarchy
           as
           it
           hath
           had
           the
           sway
           of
           the
           English
           Throne
           ;
           a
           Discourse
           not
           so
           pleasing
           as
           profitable
           ;
           we
           are
           loth
           to
           have
           our
           old
           soars
           launced
           ,
           or
           to
           think
           of
           change
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           of
           misery
           ,
           the
           temper
           of
           this
           Nation
           being
           apt
           to
           be
           pleased
           with
           any
           thing
           that
           is
           stately
           ,
           and
           costly
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           dangerous
           and
           miserable
           ;
           yet
           something
           must
           be
           said
           in
           generall
           ,
           to
           prepare
           the
           way
           for
           the
           particulars
           of
           this
           Treatise
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           intended
           as
           controversall
           ,
           or
           definitive
           of
           the
           nature
           of
           things
           ,
           but
           meerly
           practical
           and
           demonstrative
           ,
           fit
           for
           every
           eye
           that
           means
           not
           to
           shut
           himself
           up
           in
           blindness
           ,
           and
           darkness
           .
        
         
           As
           the
           foundation
           and
           originall
           of
           Government
           is
           confest
           to
           be
           of
           equall
           Antiquity
           with
           the
           generation
           and
           multiplication
           of
           mankind
           :
           so
           doubless
           the
           just
           and
           methodicall
           use
           ,
           and
           due
           management
           of
           it
           ,
           is
           as
           necessary
           to
           the
           well-being
           of
           men
           ,
           as
           the
           exact
           proportions
           ,
           and
           orderly
           motions
           of
           the
           Heavens
           are
           to
           the
           preservation
           
           of
           the
           Globes
           ;
           and
           certainly
           without
           it
           the
           rationall
           world
           would
           be
           more
           miserable
           then
           the
           materiall
           without
           Sun
           ,
           Moon
           and
           Stars
           ,
           with
           all
           coelestiall
           influences
           ,
           which
           as
           they
           do
           beautifie
           and
           bespangle
           the
           world
           ,
           so
           they
           do
           preserve
           it
           from
           returning
           to
           its
           first
           Chaos
           ,
           and
           rude
           mass
           of
           matter
           ;
           nothing
           being
           more
           contrary
           to
           that
           unity
           ,
           and
           harmony
           ,
           which
           the
           God
           of
           nature
           hath
           moulded
           ,
           and
           disposed
           all
           things
           at
           first
           in
           ,
           then
           disorder
           ,
           and
           confusion
           ,
           in
           which
           ,
           as
           there
           is
           nothing
           of
           a
           deity
           to
           be
           discerned
           ,
           so
           nothing
           of
           peace
           or
           happiness
           can
           possibly
           be
           found
           .
        
         
           And
           notwithstanding
           all
           this
           ,
           the
           world
           hath
           scarce
           known
           what
           the
           natural
           sweetness
           and
           true
           benefits
           of
           government
           are
           ,
           but
           only
           as
           comparative
           and
           rather
           as
           opposite
           to
           Anarchy
           ,
           then
           as
           advancing
           really
           and
           effectually
           the
           just
           liberties
           and
           freedoms
           of
           societies
           ,
           or
           propagating
           the
           Commonwealth
           of
           mankind
           ;
           for
           what
           through
           the
           ignorance
           and
           sloath
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           the
           pride
           and
           ambition
           of
           Governors
           ,
           the
           whole
           order
           and
           end
           of
           government
           hath
           been
           inverted
           ,
           and
           subverted
           ,
           upon
           all
           occasions
           ;
           and
           that
           which
           was
           made
           for
           the
           good
           of
           the
           whole
           ,
           hath
           been
           so
           contracted
           ,
           and
           circumscribed
           in
           one
           person
           ,
           that
           the
           great
           and
           soveraign
           use
           ,
           and
           end
           of
           it
           ,
           by
           practise
           and
           custom
           ,
           hath
           been
           rather
           to
           set
           up
           the
           pomp
           ,
           and
           state
           of
           one
           man
           ,
           and
           his
           Family
           ,
           then
           to
           promote
           or
           propagate
           the
           profit
           and
           happiness
           of
           the
           Universe
           ;
           and
           whereas
           of
           right
           to
           its
           constitution
           ,
           It
           should
           have
           a
           free
           Election
           as
           its
           originall
           ,
           and
           common
           good
           for
           its
           end
           ,
           and
           just
           and
           equall
           Laws
           for
           its
           rule
           ;
           it
           hath
           had
           usurpation
           for
           its
           Principle
           ,
           and
           tyranny
           ,
           and
           bondage
           for
           its
           medium
           ,
           and
           end
           .
           As
           to
           this
           day
           we
           may
           see
           in
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           where
           all
           the
           liberties
           of
           millions
           of
           men
           of
           all
           sorts
           of
           conditions
           ,
           and
           ranks
           ,
           are
           buryed
           in
           the
           glory
           and
           splendor
           of
           one
           Family
           ;
           through
           which
           narrow
           channels
           ,
           all
           honor
           and
           justice
           ,
           all
           Law
           and
           reason
           are
           to
           run
           up
           and
           down
           the
           world
           .
        
         
           And
           whereas
           the
           goodness
           ,
           and
           beauty
           of
           government
           consists
           in
           the
           harmonious
           temperature
           of
           power
           ,
           and
           obedience
           ,
           of
           authority
           ,
           and
           liberty
           ,
           it
           hath
           been
           quite
           otherwise
           inverted
           by
           practise
           ,
           and
           made
           apparent
           to
           lie
           in
           the
           Majestie
           ,
           and
           greatness
           of
           the
           Monarch
           ,
           and
           the
           absolute
           subjection
           ,
           and
           servitude
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           and
           the
           excellency
           ,
           and
           sweetness
           of
           it
           rather
           to
           be
           seen
           in
           the
           presence-Chamber
           ,
           and
           the
           magnificence
           ,
           and
           grandeur
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           then
           in
           the
           Courts
           of
           Justice
           ,
           and
           the
           rich
           and
           flourishing
           estate
           of
           the
           
           Kingdom
           ,
           nothing
           being
           accounted
           more
           politicall
           ,
           and
           glorious
           ,
           then
           to
           have
           the
           Prince
           high
           ,
           and
           the
           Subjects
           beggars
           ;
           and
           yet
           this
           Ceremoniall
           way
           of
           Government
           ,
           hath
           took
           most
           place
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           got
           almost
           divine
           adoration
           ,
           and
           hath
           thrust
           out
           all
           other
           forms
           of
           Government
           ,
           (
           equally
           sacred
           with
           it self
           ,
           and
           most
           proportionable
           to
           the
           nature
           and
           benefits
           of
           societies
           ,
           and
           the
           Fee-simple
           of
           all
           the
           liberties
           of
           the
           people
           (
           which
           are
           as
           their
           bloud
           and
           spirits
           in
           their
           veins
           )
           sold
           to
           maintain
           its
           State
           .
        
         
           Besides
           many
           causes
           ,
           and
           grounds
           of
           this
           degeneration
           (
           whereby
           so
           much
           misery
           hath
           overflowed
           the
           Nations
           of
           the
           world
           )
           I
           find
           two
           ,
           which
           at
           present
           are
           principally
           to
           be
           mentioned
           ;
           the
           first
           is
           the
           neglect
           of
           a
           right
           sence
           ,
           and
           the
           often
           inculcating
           the
           originall
           ,
           and
           end
           of
           government
           ;
           and
           the
           next
           a
           lineal
           succession
           ,
           or
           continuation
           of
           government
           ,
           by
           a
           natural
           and
           supposed
           heirship
           ;
           For
           want
           of
           the
           first
           ,
           neither
           the
           people
           know
           their
           own
           rights
           ,
           or
           how
           to
           maintain
           them
           ;
           or
           the
           Governour
           his
           use
           and
           end
           ,
           nor
           how
           to
           keep
           himself
           within
           the
           just
           bounds
           ,
           and
           limits
           of
           his
           creation
           ;
           for
           what
           between
           the
           stupidity
           ,
           and
           ignorance
           of
           the
           people
           in
           not
           knowing
           their
           primitive
           priviledges
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           the
           originall
           ,
           and
           end
           of
           vernment
           ;
           and
           the
           pride
           ,
           and
           ambition
           of
           men
           ,
           when
           once
           they
           have
           got
           power
           ,
           forget
           both
           how
           they
           came
           by
           it
           ,
           and
           to
           what
           end
           they
           are
           distinguished
           from
           other
           men
           ,
           government
           comes
           both
           to
           be
           usurped
           ,
           and
           tyrannicall
           .
           Did
           the
           people
           but
           know
           that
           their
           choice
           and
           election
           is
           the
           foundation
           of
           just
           authority
           ,
           &
           that
           none
           can
           rule
           over
           them
           but
           whom
           they
           appoint
           ,
           they
           would
           not
           then
           be
           drawn
           into
           controversies
           and
           debates
           ,
           whether
           it
           be
           treason
           in
           them
           to
           cast
           off
           a
           bad
           Governour
           ,
           who
           have
           the
           only
           power
           of
           choosing
           a
           good
           one
           ;
           and
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           if
           Kings
           ,
           and
           Princes
           (
           for
           to
           reduce
           all
           to
           them
           who
           have
           been
           most
           guilty
           of
           the
           abuse
           of
           government
           )
           had
           but
           the
           continuall
           sence
           of
           the
           root
           from
           whence
           they
           sprung
           ,
           and
           the
           duties
           annexed
           to
           their
           Offices
           ,
           they
           could
           not
           look
           on
           themselves
           as
           rulers
           ,
           but
           tyrants
           when
           they
           acted
           for
           their
           own
           private
           Prerogative
           ▪
           in
           distinction
           from
           ,
           and
           contrarie
           to
           the
           liberties
           and
           freedoms
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           but
           these
           considerations
           have
           been
           by
           time
           and
           prescription
           worn
           out
           of
           the
           mind
           and
           memories
           of
           both
           ,
           partly
           through
           continual
           insinuations
           of
           Court
           Maxims
           ,
           and
           the
           spirit
           of
           bondage
           in
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           by
           force
           and
           usurpation
           in
           the
           Magistrate
           ,
           whereby
           it
           hath
           gone
           a
           long
           while
           for
           currant
           ,
           that
           the
           people
           have
           no
           power
           ,
           nor
           the
           Prince
           no
           account
           
           to
           give
           but
           to
           God
           ,
           from
           whom
           they
           challenge
           an
           immediate
           title
           ,
           as
           if
           Kings
           and
           Princes
           ,
           all
           their
           names
           ,
           and
           successions
           were
           let
           down
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           in
           the
           same
           sheet
           that
           the
           beasts
           were
           in
           
             Peters
          
           vision
           ,
           and
           had
           not
           their
           root
           in
           the
           earth
           as
           all
           other
           Magistrates
           besides
           .
           We
           have
           had
           much
           ado
           of
           late
           ,
           but
           to
           beat
           off
           from
           these
           Royal
           notions
           ,
           both
           by
           pens
           and
           swords
           ,
           and
           yet
           still
           they
           have
           too
           strong
           a
           hold
           in
           most
           mens
           hearts
           ,
           though
           to
           their
           own
           undoing
           .
        
         
           Whereas
           all
           men
           are
           equally
           born
           free
           ,
           and
           naturaliz'd
           into
           all
           the
           priviledges
           of
           freedom
           and
           just
           liberty
           ,
           no
           man
           can
           obtain
           a
           speciall
           power
           over
           any
           ,
           but
           either
           
             ex
             pacto
             aut
             scelere
             ,
          
           either
           by
           willing
           agreement
           ,
           and
           consent
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           right
           and
           just
           way
           of
           title
           ,
           and
           most
           naturall
           ,
           or
           by
           conquest
           ,
           and
           usurpation
           ,
           which
           is
           most
           exotick
           ,
           and
           unjust
           ;
           for
           the
           original
           of
           Kingly
           power
           ,
           in
           the
           Scripture
           ,
           we
           all
           know
           it
           came
           in
           as
           an
           effect
           of
           the
           wantonness
           ,
           and
           discontents
           of
           the
           
             Israelites
             ,
          
           against
           that
           speciall
           way
           of
           government
           God
           himself
           had
           set
           over
           them
           ;
           And
           view
           the
           Character
           God
           gives
           to
           them
           of
           that
           government
           ,
           and
           not
           a
           blessing
           he
           gives
           them
           with
           it
           ;
           for
           its
           rise
           among
           the
           heathens
           ,
           and
           nations
           (
           which
           knew
           not
           God
           (
           among
           whom
           that
           government
           most
           prevail'd
           ;
           )
           it
           was
           certainly
           first
           good
           ,
           and
           grounded
           on
           the
           exorbitancies
           ,
           and
           excess
           of
           other
           Magistrates
           ,
           and
           a
           high
           opinion
           of
           the
           justice
           ,
           and
           vertue
           of
           some
           particluar
           persons
           ,
           as
           
             Cicero
             lib.
             offic.
          
           2.
           excellently
           expresseth
           it
           ;
           
             Mihi
             quidem
             non
             apud
             Medos
             solum
             (
             ut
             ait
             Herodotus
             )
             sed
             etiam
             apud
             majores
             nostros
             ,
             servandae
             justiciae
             causa
             videntur
             olim
             bene
             morati
             Reges
             constituti
             :
             nam
             cum
             premeretur
             initio
             multitudo
             ab
             iis
             qui
             majores
             opes
             habebant
             ,
             ad
             unum
             aliquem
             confugiebant
             virtute
             praestantem
             .
          
           As
           if
           taking
           it
           for
           granted
           that
           among
           all
           nations
           that
           Preservation
           ,
           and
           execution
           of
           justice
           ,
           with
           injoyning
           of
           vertue
           ,
           was
           the
           first
           ground
           of
           the
           constitution
           of
           Kings
           ;
           But
           they
           having
           got
           by
           their
           own
           goodness
           chief
           power
           and
           authority
           ,
           use
           that
           favour
           they
           had
           gained
           from
           their
           own
           deserts
           ,
           to
           advance
           their
           own
           family
           ;
           and
           having
           got
           in
           the
           affections
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           through
           the
           sence
           of
           their
           own
           present
           worth
           ,
           what
           by
           power
           and
           force
           ,
           and
           what
           by
           policy
           and
           craft
           ,
           got
           the
           same
           power
           entailed
           on
           their
           heirs
           ,
           and
           so
           by
           custom
           have
           made
           succession
           the
           onely
           right
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           the
           most
           just
           to
           Crowns
           ,
           and
           Scepters
           .
        
         
           A
           principle
           which
           hath
           more
           hindred
           the
           advance
           of
           Government
           ,
           and
           run
           it
           on
           more
           hazards
           and
           mischiefs
           then
           any
           other
           ,
           where
           by
           a
           fatall
           Custom
           ,
           people
           must
           be
           irreparably
           content
           
           with
           what
           they
           can
           finde
           ,
           and
           reducing
           all
           to
           a
           blinde
           Fate
           ,
           &
           Fortune
           ,
           be
           he
           good
           ,
           or
           prove
           bad
           ,
           
             talis
             ,
             qualis
             ,
          
           give
           up
           both
           their
           own
           Wills
           and
           Liberties
           to
           such
           a
           succession
           ,
           not
           only
           by
           a
           natural
           necessity
           ,
           but
           a
           divine
           institution
           :
           How
           the
           world
           came
           to
           be
           so
           blinded
           ,
           as
           thus
           to
           give
           away
           their
           Rights
           and
           Liberties
           ,
           and
           morgage
           their
           understandings
           ,
           and
           freedom
           ,
           as
           bankrupts
           do
           their
           lands
           ,
           is
           not
           to
           be
           determined
           ,
           but
           by
           supposal
           of
           a
           judgement
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           an
           over-reach
           of
           power
           and
           force
           ,
           or
           by
           an
           
             Ignis
             fatuus
          
           of
           Policie
           and
           subtilty
           .
        
         
           For
           this
           naturall
           and
           hereditary
           succession
           (
           which
           is
           now
           adored
           as
           the
           grand
           title
           )
           if
           truly
           considered
           ,
           is
           nothing
           else
           but
           a
           continuation
           of
           conquest
           ,
           or
           a
           surprisall
           by
           the
           good
           nature
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           when
           they
           have
           been
           either
           low
           ,
           and
           in
           fear
           ,
           and
           taking
           advantage
           of
           their
           high
           esteem
           of
           some
           eminent
           person
           ,
           who
           hath
           been
           more
           then
           ordinary
           instrumentall
           to
           them
           ,
           have
           got
           the
           people
           to
           convey
           the
           same
           honor
           to
           their
           posterity
           after
           them
           ;
           the
           peoples
           consent
           being
           thus
           ravished
           from
           them
           ,
           It
           s
           made
           a
           law
           ,
           both
           civil
           and
           divine
           to
           after
           generations
           ;
           but
           the
           world
           is
           now
           ,
           or
           should
           be
           grown
           wise
           :
           Let
           us
           consider
           the
           nature
           and
           use
           of
           this
           succession
           ,
           both
           in
           general
           ,
           and
           particular
           ,
           especially
           as
           it
           hath
           been
           acted
           in
           
             England
             .
          
        
         
           Among
           all
           the
           Catalogue
           of
           vanities
           which
           
             Solomon
          
           reckons
           up
           in
           his
           sacred
           retractations
           ,
           there
           is
           none
           he
           puts
           such
           a
           character
           on
           ,
           as
           for
           a
           man
           to
           spend
           his
           time
           and
           strength
           in
           getting
           of
           riches
           ,
           and
           knows
           not
           who
           shall
           succeed
           him
           in
           the
           injoyment
           of
           the
           profit
           and
           good
           of
           his
           labour
           ,
           or
           whether
           he
           may
           be
           a
           wise
           man
           or
           a
           fool
           ;
           But
           what
           a
           misery
           ,
           and
           worse
           then
           vanity
           is
           this
           ,
           that
           the
           supream
           power
           of
           Government
           (
           in
           the
           right
           execution
           of
           which
           all
           the
           concernments
           of
           millions
           of
           men
           are
           interested
           )
           should
           be
           intailed
           on
           one
           man
           ,
           (
           though
           never
           so
           deserving
           in
           his
           own
           person
           ,
           )
           and
           the
           heirs
           of
           his
           body
           ,
           be
           he
           good
           or
           bad
           ,
           a
           wise
           man
           ,
           or
           very
           nigh
           a
           fool
           ,
           and
           so
           all
           their
           happiness
           depend
           on
           hap
           and
           hazard
           from
           generation
           to
           generation
           ?
        
         
           It
           cannot
           be
           rationally
           or
           spiritually
           supposed
           ,
           that
           any
           man
           should
           be
           born
           a
           Magistrate
           or
           Governor
           ,
           especially
           not
           successively
           ,
           when
           the
           best
           men
           ,
           and
           most
           choise
           spirits
           ,
           who
           have
           had
           the
           highest
           eminencies
           of
           vertue
           ,
           and
           best
           improvement
           of
           education
           ,
           and
           natural
           genius
           ,
           are
           hardly
           fit
           for
           so
           great
           a
           work
           .
           If
           Kings
           have
           such
           a
           
             vis
             formativa
          
           in
           their
           loyns
           ,
           as
           to
           beget
           Kings
           in
           the
           likeness
           
           of
           their
           Office
           ,
           as
           children
           in
           the
           image
           of
           their
           natures
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           necessarily
           supposed
           ,
           that
           they
           must
           generate
           all
           these
           royall
           qualifications
           together
           with
           them
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           same
           naturall
           necessity
           transfer
           all
           their
           princely
           endowments
           to
           them
           also
           .
        
         
           Whereas
           I
           had
           almost
           affirmed
           it
           ,
           (
           and
           I
           hope
           no
           man
           can
           account
           it
           either
           Heresie
           or
           Treason
           )
           that
           God
           himself
           cannot
           intail
           on
           any
           particular
           line
           of
           mankinde
           ,
           the
           power
           and
           authority
           of
           Government
           out
           of
           his
           wisdom
           ,
           and
           love
           to
           their
           happiness
           (
           without
           he
           meant
           to
           do
           it
           in
           judgement
           ,
           and
           to
           plague
           the
           world
           )
           and
           not
           give
           them
           sutable
           and
           successive
           qualifications
           also
           ,
           fit
           for
           that
           emploiment
           ;
           It
           being
           Gods
           use
           (
           according
           to
           his
           wisdom
           ,
           and
           righteousness
           )
           neither
           ordinarily
           nor
           extraordinarily
           to
           call
           out
           persons
           to
           any
           place
           ,
           but
           he
           anoints
           them
           with
           proportionable
           gifts
           to
           it
           .
        
         
           And
           yet
           the
           poor
           people
           (
           whom
           God
           hath
           naturally
           made
           free
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           use
           of
           their
           own
           understandings
           and
           affections
           for
           their
           own
           good
           )
           are
           by
           this
           succession
           ,
           bound
           up
           from
           the
           improvement
           either
           of
           soul
           or
           body
           ,
           fain
           to
           be
           content
           with
           what
           they
           can
           get
           for
           present
           ,
           and
           to
           shift
           it
           out
           from
           age
           to
           age
           (
           with
           the
           loss
           of
           all
           opportunities
           of
           choice
           )
           only
           with
           what
           corrupt
           nature
           brings
           them
           forth
           ,
           which
           oftentimes
           travels
           sorely
           in
           pain
           with
           the
           curse
           of
           the
           Fathers
           who
           begat
           these
           Governors
           .
           Hence
           also
           it
           comes
           to
           pass
           ,
           that
           oftentimes
           children
           are
           made
           Kings
           ,
           and
           though
           they
           are
           uncapable
           at
           present
           for
           the
           actuall
           exercise
           of
           that
           office
           ,
           yet
           are
           proclaimed
           ,
           as
           having
           the
           right
           ,
           and
           title
           ,
           and
           all
           things
           acted
           in
           their
           name
           ,
           and
           the
           whole
           Commonwealth
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           of
           many
           Nations
           ,
           must
           wait
           for
           his
           capacity
           with
           fear
           and
           hope
           ,
           which
           capacity
           is
           also
           at
           best
           to
           be
           judged
           by
           his
           years
           ,
           rather
           then
           fitness
           or
           qualification
           for
           so
           high
           a
           trust
           ;
           and
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           the
           Kingdom
           must
           be
           governed
           by
           some
           Favorites
           of
           the
           last
           King
           ,
           or
           some
           next
           kinsman
           to
           this
           ;
           and
           while
           the
           King
           is
           thus
           in
           pupillage
           ,
           we
           may
           well
           ask
           ,
           who
           governs
           the
           Kingdom
           ?
           And
           yet
           oftentimes
           it
           hath
           faln
           out
           ,
           that
           their
           Government
           hath
           been
           better
           ordered
           in
           their
           nonage
           by
           others
           ,
           then
           in
           their
           own
           by
           themselves
           ,
           as
           appears
           especially
           in
           the
           raign
           of
           
             Henry
          
           the
           third
           ,
           and
           
             Henry
          
           the
           sixth
           ,
           Kings
           of
           
             England
             ;
          
           the
           first
           being
           but
           nine
           years
           old
           when
           his
           father
           died
           ,
           the
           latter
           but
           nine
           moneths
           ;
           who
           while
           they
           were
           yong
           ,
           and
           under
           the
           protection
           of
           certain
           wise
           and
           sober
           men
           ,
           the
           Laws
           were
           administred
           uprightly
           ,
           and
           with
           much
           Justice
           ;
           but
           
           when
           they
           themselves
           came
           to
           the
           years
           of
           Kingship
           ,
           and
           Prerogative
           ▪
           so
           Royalled
           ,
           that
           both
           Laws
           &
           Liberties
           were
           soon
           altered
           and
           abolished
           ,
           as
           anon
           the
           Reader
           shall
           have
           a
           more
           exact
           account
           ;
           And
           how
           sad
           is
           it
           ,
           that
           when
           Government
           may
           be
           advanced
           as
           well
           ,
           if
           not
           better
           by
           others
           in
           their
           minority
           ,
           without
           their
           presence
           or
           influence
           ,
           the
           world
           must
           be
           at
           such
           vast
           charges
           for
           a
           title
           ,
           and
           to
           maintain
           it
           ere
           they
           can
           use
           it
           ,
           and
           which
           is
           worst
           ,
           that
           when
           they
           come
           to
           exercise
           it
           themselves
           ,
           should
           make
           their
           title
           the
           ground
           of
           their
           Tyranny
           .
           But
           if
           it
           so
           happen
           (
           for
           its
           a
           meer
           chance
           )
           ▪
           that
           the
           next
           heir
           prove
           somewhat
           more
           then
           ordinary
           capable
           ,
           yet
           what
           the
           next
           may
           prove
           ,
           who
           knows
           ?
           If
           he
           be
           an
           Infant
           ,
           (
           as
           it
           many
           times
           falls
           out
           )
           then
           there
           must
           be
           patient
           and
           hopefull
           waitings
           ,
           to
           see
           what
           he
           will
           be
           when
           grown
           up
           ;
           untill
           that
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           no
           further
           progress
           made
           in
           the
           alteration
           or
           reformation
           of
           affairs
           ,
           though
           of
           never
           so
           great
           ,
           and
           present
           concernment
           ;
           and
           when
           he
           comes
           to
           these
           years
           which
           Custom
           pronounceth
           him
           capable
           ,
           how
           unreasonable
           is
           it
           ,
           that
           nothing
           can
           hinder
           ,
           or
           exclude
           him
           from
           his
           Authority
           ,
           but
           that
           he
           is
           incapable
           of
           being
           beg'd
           for
           a
           fool
           ?
           It
           being
           enough
           ,
           if
           he
           can
           koow
           his
           own
           name
           ,
           and
           be
           able
           to
           write
           himself
           
             Rex
             ,
          
           though
           he
           knows
           little
           what
           belongs
           to
           the
           Office
           ,
           or
           relation
           of
           a
           King
           .
        
         
           If
           he
           be
           one
           of
           riper
           years
           ,
           and
           stature
           ,
           on
           which
           this
           Su●●●ssion
           falls
           ,
           then
           must
           all
           the
           observation
           of
           his
           nature
           ,
           and
           the
           ominous
           ,
           and
           more
           then
           Astrological
           aspects
           of
           his
           constitution
           ,
           and
           education
           be
           forgotten
           ;
           and
           although
           silenced
           in
           his
           pretended
           title
           ,
           and
           a
           full
           complyance
           looked
           after
           ,
           though
           opprest
           with
           never
           so
           many
           fears
           ,
           and
           secret
           wishes
           of
           a
           more
           hopefull
           Governour
           ;
           yea
           ,
           and
           though
           he
           hath
           been
           never
           so
           active
           against
           the
           liberties
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           when
           but
           a
           Prince
           ,
           and
           given
           demonstrations
           what
           a
           Governor
           they
           may
           expect
           ,
           yet
           his
           succession
           must
           be
           his
           qualification
           ,
           and
           indemnity
           ,
           and
           his
           Title
           his
           vertue
           .
        
         
           On
           this
           ground
           also
           it
           comes
           to
           pass
           ,
           that
           oftentimes
           women
           come
           to
           hold
           the
           rains
           of
           government
           ;
           and
           to
           steer
           at
           the
           Helm
           ,
           as
           wel
           as
           men
           ;
           for
           if
           there
           be
           any
           defect
           of
           the
           male
           line
           ,
           the
           female
           succeeds
           ;
           and
           that
           feeble
           and
           weaker
           sex
           ,
           whom
           God
           &
           nature
           have
           ordained
           to
           be
           onely
           particular
           helps
           ,
           and
           good
           Subjects
           ,
           (
           only
           to
           keep
           up
           the
           name
           of
           a
           Family
           )
           must
           be
           invested
           with
           the
           highest
           authority
           ,
           over
           the
           choisest
           ,
           and
           most
           select
           spirits
           of
           many
           Nations
           ,
           and
           all
           further
           thoughts
           of
           bettering
           the
           State
           of
           things
           utterly
           extinguish'd
           by
           a
           female
           pretence
           .
        
         
         
           And
           which
           is
           most
           desperate
           by
           this
           succession
           ,
           (
           and
           its
           plea
           of
           the
           only
           and
           absolute
           right
           )
           the
           fundamental
           liberties
           of
           the
           people
           are
           not
           onely
           insensibly
           undermined
           ,
           but
           absolutely
           rooted
           up
           ,
           and
           that
           birth-right
           priviledge
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           their
           Election
           and
           choice
           ,
           then
           which
           ,
           they
           have
           nothing
           more
           naturall
           ,
           and
           which
           is
           far
           more
           hereditary
           to
           them
           and
           theirs
           ,
           then
           by
           all
           the
           Laws
           of
           God
           ▪
           nature
           ,
           and
           reason
           ,
           Crowns
           can
           be
           to
           Kings
           and
           their
           heirs
           ,
           is
           quite
           extinguished
           ;
           For
           pass
           by
           the
           first
           King
           ,
           (
           who
           it
           may
           be
           as
           with
           us
           it
           hath
           been
           ,
           came
           in
           by
           Conquest
           )
           you
           must
           go
           back
           in
           some
           Kingdoms
           five
           hundred
           ,
           in
           others
           a
           thousand
           years
           ,
           ere
           you
           can
           but
           recover
           the
           clear
           notion
           of
           a
           free
           election
           (
           wherin
           the
           peoples
           power
           and
           priveledge
           is
           alone
           and
           peculiarly
           seen
           )
           and
           yet
           that
           so
           faintly
           and
           hardly
           extorted
           from
           them
           ,
           as
           great
           loans
           of
           mony
           from
           a
           cruel
           miser
           ,
           without
           use
           or
           advantage
           ;
           and
           though
           Election
           must
           be
           acknowledged
           at
           last
           ,
           the
           first
           just
           ground
           of
           government
           ,
           yet
           custom
           in
           successions
           soon
           wears
           out
           its
           right
           ,
           and
           transfers
           it
           on
           the
           next
           bloud
           ;
           And
           though
           in
           
             England
          
           it
           appears
           by
           the
           Coronation
           Oath
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           even
           in
           succession
           a
           kind
           of
           election
           ,
           yet
           it
           s
           so
           limited
           in
           the
           line
           ,
           that
           it
           s
           as
           good
           as
           nothing
           ,
           and
           so
           weak
           and
           implicitely
           manifested
           ,
           that
           it
           s
           but
           a
           meer
           customary
           Ceremony
           ,
           which
           always
           is
           pursued
           by
           the
           natural
           title
           ,
           and
           onely
           used
           to
           deceive
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           as
           a
           step
           to
           the
           further
           confirmation
           of
           a
           more
           fundamentall
           ,
           and
           sure
           right
           ;
           and
           its
           easie
           to
           demonstrate
           it
           ;
           for
           our
           Kings
           soon
           forget
           it
           ,
           ere
           they
           come
           from
           
             Westminster
          
           to
           
             Whitehall
             ,
          
           or
           from
           the
           chair
           of
           Inauguration
           to
           the
           Presence
           Chamber
           .
           In
           a
           word
           ,
           what
           gives
           all
           this
           ground
           of
           such
           an
           inevitable
           and
           successively
           insensible
           incroachment
           on
           the
           laws
           and
           liberties
           of
           Nations
           ,
           but
           this
           lineall
           title
           ,
           whereby
           the
           Son
           without
           remedy
           goes
           on
           where
           the
           Father
           left
           off
           ,
           and
           by
           a
           divine
           pretence
           seiseth
           on
           what
           by
           nature
           is
           due
           to
           the
           meanest
           subject
           ,
           as
           to
           himself
           ?
           And
           what
           makes
           the
           present
           Kings
           so
           daring
           ,
           and
           venturous
           to
           raise
           their
           own
           prerogative
           ,
           but
           this
           ,
           that
           that
           they
           know
           there
           can
           be
           no
           alienation
           of
           the
           Crown
           from
           his
           heirs
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           may
           make
           it
           better
           (
           that
           is
           more
           tyrannicall
           ?
           )
           but
           surer
           they
           cannot
           :
           And
           thus
           there
           is
           a
           constant
           hope
           ,
           and
           possibility
           ,
           by
           continuation
           and
           propagation
           of
           principles
           ,
           and
           designs
           ,
           backed
           with
           title
           ,
           and
           authority
           ,
           that
           what
           cannot
           be
           done
           in
           one
           Kings
           reign
           ,
           may
           be
           done
           in
           the
           next
           ,
           and
           so
           on
           ;
           For
           the
           minds
           of
           Princes
           are
           not
           usually
           contracted
           ,
           or
           contented
           with
           present
           enjoyments
           ;
           especially
           
           if
           there
           be
           any
           restraint
           on
           their
           wills
           ,
           or
           more
           of
           heighth
           ,
           or
           advancement
           to
           be
           attained
           unto
           .
        
         
           Yea
           ,
           this
           is
           one
           of
           the
           main
           reasons
           (
           that
           in
           our
           times
           can
           be
           rendred
           )
           why
           we
           have
           had
           such
           uneven
           actings
           ,
           and
           such
           strange
           alterations
           in
           several
           Kings
           Raigns
           ;
           the
           principles
           ,
           and
           laws
           ,
           the
           people
           have
           been
           always
           the
           same
           ,
           who
           are
           capable
           of
           small
           or
           no
           variation
           or
           change
           ,
           but
           as
           higher
           ,
           and
           supream
           influences
           move
           them
           ,
           of
           which
           none
           hath
           been
           so
           powerfull
           as
           Princes
           ,
           who
           as
           they
           are
           Stars
           of
           the
           first
           magnitude
           ,
           so
           of
           the
           strongest
           operations
           ;
           and
           though
           the
           people
           be
           compared
           to
           the
           Sea
           ,
           yet
           as
           the
           Sea
           ,
           they
           have
           no
           turbulent
           motion
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           but
           what
           is
           occasioned
           by
           violent
           and
           uncertain
           winds
           ;
           but
           the
           great
           change
           hath
           been
           by
           the
           temper
           ,
           and
           actings
           of
           Princes
           ,
           and
           commonly
           the
           next
           successor
           hath
           been
           the
           omen
           and
           fate
           of
           the
           times
           ;
           if
           any
           way
           good
           ,
           then
           the
           Nation
           smiled
           ,
           and
           his
           raign
           began
           the
           Spring
           ;
           if
           probable
           ,
           there
           was
           hopes
           ;
           and
           yet
           both
           these
           at
           first
           promised
           ,
           but
           at
           length
           frustrated
           ;
           and
           however
           the
           beginnings
           were
           ,
           yet
           the
           succession
           of
           acts
           demonstrated
           how
           the
           title
           was
           created
           ;
           for
           untill
           they
           have
           made
           their
           succession
           sure
           ,
           none
           have
           been
           more
           fair
           ,
           and
           promising
           ,
           but
           afterwards
           both
           Laws
           and
           Liberties
           ,
           like
           favourites
           ,
           have
           been
           advanced
           
             ad
             placitum
             ;
          
           and
           what
           they
           have
           got
           an
           interest
           in
           by
           nature
           ,
           that
           by
           prerogative
           they
           have
           centred
           in
           their
           own
           proper
           persons
           ,
           even
           the
           most
           fundamentall
           priviledges
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           have
           only
           granted
           Leases
           unto
           the
           people
           of
           their
           own
           inheritances
           ,
           and
           dated
           them
           not
           for
           life
           (
           which
           would
           have
           been
           too
           great
           a
           mercy
           )
           but
           as
           long
           as
           the
           Royall
           pleasure
           lasts
           ,
           which
           changes
           alwayes
           with
           advantages
           .
           Yea
           ,
           by
           this
           succession
           Tyranny
           is
           so
           intailed
           ,
           and
           all
           things
           so
           necessarily
           acted
           ,
           as
           if
           the
           Prince
           were
           not
           onely
           the
           civil
           ,
           but
           natural
           Parent
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           that
           Kings
           had
           begot
           the
           people
           as
           so
           many
           Bastards
           to
           obey
           ,
           as
           they
           do
           beget
           one
           lawfully
           to
           raign
           over
           them
           .
        
         
           It
           s
           too
           well
           known
           ,
           that
           good
           and
           wise
           men
           are
           the
           fewest
           of
           the
           sons
           of
           men
           ,
           and
           are
           commonly
           pickt
           out
           here
           ,
           and
           there
           ,
           as
           rich
           pearls
           on
           the
           shoar
           of
           violent
           torrents
           ;
           but
           to
           expect
           in
           one
           Line
           ,
           and
           Family
           ,
           a
           succession
           of
           good
           ,
           wise
           ,
           and
           governing
           men
           ,
           is
           almost
           as
           probable
           to
           Christians
           ,
           as
           to
           expect
           Mahomets
           second
           coming
           among
           the
           
             Turks
             ,
          
           after
           so
           many
           hundred
           years
           delusion
           ;
           and
           although
           it
           must
           be
           acknowledged
           ,
           that
           there
           have
           been
           some
           good
           Kings
           ,
           yet
           they
           have
           been
           so
           few
           ,
           that
           as
           their
           names
           
           from
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           world
           can
           hardly
           make
           up
           the
           Dominical
           letters
           in
           the
           Almanack
           ,
           or
           possibly
           supply
           the
           Holydayes
           in
           the
           year
           ,
           so
           a
           little
           goodness
           hath
           gon
           far
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           best
           we
           shall
           finde
           it
           but
           comparative
           ;
           good
           Kings
           instead
           of
           better
           Governors
           ,
           as
           some
           of
           the
           
             Roman
             Cesars
             ,
          
           chose
           those
           to
           succeed
           them
           who
           were
           worse
           then
           themselves
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           commend
           ,
           and
           set
           off
           their
           own
           Raign
           ,
           though
           tyrannicall
           enough
           in
           it self
           ;
           and
           we
           may
           without
           any
           passion
           demonstrate
           ,
           that
           the
           design
           by
           succession
           hath
           been
           rather
           to
           keep
           up
           the
           Governors
           ,
           and
           palliate
           their
           vices
           ,
           then
           ever
           to
           maintain
           or
           highthen
           the
           glory
           ,
           and
           splendor
           ,
           or
           carry
           on
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Government
           it Self
           in
           the
           execution
           of
           good
           and
           righteous
           Laws
           .
        
         
           But
           to
           come
           nigher
           home
           ,
           and
           leave
           generals
           (
           granting
           Succession
           in
           it self
           to
           be
           a
           good
           title
           )
           let
           us
           view
           without
           partiality
           ,
           the
           succession
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           whereby
           they
           plead
           their
           title
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           we
           shall
           find
           in
           our
           Histories
           ,
           that
           nothing
           hath
           been
           more
           commonly
           interrupted
           ,
           then
           a
           succession
           of
           the
           next
           Heir
           ;
           and
           for
           this
           seaven
           or
           eight
           hundred
           years
           (
           if
           not
           more
           )
           we
           have
           not
           had
           succession
           continued
           in
           any
           even
           line
           or
           just
           right
           ,
           and
           no
           title
           was
           ever
           more
           broken
           ,
           and
           unjust
           ,
           then
           of
           our
           Kings
           ,
           if
           they
           make
           a
           Lineall
           ,
           and
           Hereditary
           succession
           the
           foundation
           of
           their
           right
           ;
           Let
           us
           look
           but
           a
           little
           back
           to
           those
           which
           preceded
           the
           
             Norman
          
           race
           ,
           especially
           among
           the
           
             Saxons
          
           and
           
             Danes
             ,
          
           the
           ancient
           competitors
           for
           the
           Government
           of
           this
           Nation
           ,
           and
           it
           will
           appear
           ,
           that
           the
           right
           Heir
           hath
           been
           commonly
           past
           by
           ;
           and
           Strangers
           or
           Usurpers
           preferred
           ;
           to
           go
           no
           further
           back
           then
           to
           
             Alfred
          
           King
           of
           the
           West
           
             Saxons
             ,
          
           and
           the
           twenty
           fourth
           Monarch
           of
           the
           
             Englishmen
             ;
          
           as
           soon
           as
           he
           died
           ,
           
             Athelstan
          
           his
           Bastard
           was
           preferred
           before
           his
           legitimate
           son
           
             Edmond
             ,
          
           &
           after
           him
           got
           his
           own
           brother
           
             Edmond
          
           to
           succeed
           him
           ;
           and
           though
           this
           
             Edmond
          
           left
           two
           sons
           ,
           
             Edwin
             ,
          
           
           and
           
             Edgar
             ,
          
           yet
           as
           he
           &
           his
           former
           brother
           had
           usurped
           the
           Goverment
           ,
           so
           
             Edred
          
           his
           brother
           stept
           into
           the
           Throne
           ,
           and
           put
           them
           by
           until
           he
           had
           finished
           his
           Raign
           ,
           &
           then
           they
           took
           their
           turns
           ;
           
             Edwin
          
           first
           ,
           and
           
             Edgar
          
           after
           him
           ;
           this
           
             Edgar
          
           had
           two
           wives
           ,
           
             Ethelfled
          
           his
           first
           ,
           and
           
             Elfrida
          
           the
           second
           :
           by
           the
           first
           he
           had
           issue
           ,
           
             Edward
             ,
          
           sirnamed
           the
           Martyr
           ,
           who
           succeeded
           his
           father
           in
           title
           ;
           but
           having
           hardly
           felt
           the
           Crown
           warm
           ,
           and
           fast
           on
           his
           head
           ,
           was
           cruelly
           murthered
           ,
           to
           make
           way
           for
           the
           second
           wives
           son
           
             Ethelred
          
           who
           succeeded
           him
           ,
           as
           
             Daniel
          
           well
           expresseth
           it
           ,
           whose
           entrance
           into
           his
           
           Raign
           was
           blood
           ,
           the
           middle
           misery
           ,
           and
           the
           end
           confusion
           ;
           and
           though
           he
           left
           his
           son
           
             Edmond
             ,
          
           sirnamed
           
             Ironside
             ,
          
           to
           succeed
           him
           ,
           yet
           
             Canutus
          
           the
           
             Dane
          
           by
           compact
           got
           half
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           from
           him
           ,
           and
           soon
           after
           the
           whole
           ,
           setting
           up
           his
           
             Danish
          
           title
           ,
           and
           murthering
           the
           two
           sons
           
             Edmund
          
           had
           left
           ,
           with
           his
           brother
           
             Edwin
             ,
          
           that
           no
           further
           pretence
           might
           be
           made
           by
           them
           of
           their
           title
           ;
           and
           now
           come
           the
           
             Danes
          
           to
           convey
           their
           title
           by
           ▪
           
             Canutus
             ;
          
           and
           yet
           
             Harold
          
           his
           bastard
           gets
           the
           Crown
           before
           
             Hardicanute
             ,
          
           who
           was
           his
           legitimate
           son
           ;
           and
           among
           these
           three
           Kings
           (
           for
           the
           Government
           under
           the
           
             Danes
          
           continued
           but
           twenty
           six
           years
           ,
           and
           only
           under
           these
           three
           was
           aone
           Usurper
           ,
           &
           immediatly
           interrupted
           the
           right
           of
           succession
           .
           And
           the
           
             Danes
          
           Government
           being
           ended
           ,
           which
           was
           but
           an
           intervall
           of
           conquest
           )
           the
           
             Saxons
          
           regain
           their
           title
           ;
           and
           
             Edward
             ,
          
           called
           the
           
             Confessor
             ,
          
           the
           seventh
           son
           of
           
             Elthelred
          
           (
           who
           came
           in
           with
           the
           murther
           of
           the
           right
           heir
           )
           being
           kept
           as
           a
           reserve
           in
           
             Normandy
          
           )
           is
           elected
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Saxons
          
           title
           now
           begins
           to
           revive
           ,
           but
           soon
           it
           s
           extinguished
           ,
           not
           onely
           by
           the
           
             Norman
          
           pretence
           ▪
           but
           by
           the
           next
           successor
           ,
           
             Harold
          
           the
           second
           ,
           son
           to
           
             Goodwin
             ,
          
           Earl
           of
           
             Kent
             ,
          
           
           who
           came
           in
           with
           the
           expulsion
           of
           
             Edgar
             Athlings
          
           the
           proper
           successor
           .
        
         
           And
           with
           
             Harold
          
           ended
           the
           
             Saxon
          
           race
           ,
           which
           had
           lasted
           about
           five
           hundred
           years
           ,
           after
           the
           coming
           in
           of
           
             Hengist
             ,
          
           and
           their
           Plantation
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           ;
           and
           yet
           you
           see
           what
           have
           been
           the
           titles
           successively
           of
           these
           former
           Kings
           ,
           wherein
           the
           Line
           hath
           not
           onely
           been
           now
           and
           then
           through
           force
           and
           violence
           cut
           off
           and
           discontinued
           ,
           but
           usurpation
           solemnized
           with
           as
           much
           ceremony
           as
           any
           natural
           pretence
           :
           but
           these
           Instances
           are
           but
           as
           representations
           of
           objects
           afar
           off
           ,
           which
           may
           seem
           otherwise
           then
           they
           are
           ;
           we
           will
           go
           on
           and
           review
           the
           title
           of
           our
           Kings
           from
           
             William
          
           the
           
             Norman
             ,
          
           Sirnamed
           the
           Conqueror
           ,
           and
           by
           whom
           ,
           not
           onely
           the
           line
           ,
           but
           all
           the
           whole
           fram
           of
           Laws
           and
           Liberties
           were
           not
           onely
           curtail'd
           but
           changed
           ;
           for
           though
           in
           the
           raigns
           of
           the
           former
           Kings
           ,
           every
           Conqueror
           made
           his
           impression
           ,
           and
           drew
           his
           Picture
           in
           
             England
             ,
          
           yet
           never
           was
           the
           whole
           Scene
           of
           State
           changed
           untill
           now
           ,
           and
           a
           new
           Modell
           so
           peremptorily
           (
           and
           without
           repeal
           )
           introduced
           ,
           as
           by
           him
           :
           The
           first
           
             jus
             ,
          
           or
           right
           of
           his
           title
           (
           the
           onely
           foundation
           of
           all
           the
           rest
           of
           our
           latter
           Kings
           (
           we
           all
           know
           was
           by
           meer
           Conquest
           ,
           which
           as
           it
           is
           a
           disseisin
           in
           Law
           ,
           so
           an
           unjust
           title
           in
           Reason
           ,
           and
           common
           to
           one
           as
           unto
           another
           :
           yet
           he
           though
           a
           Bastard
           ,
           (
           and
           so
           
           had
           less
           title
           to
           his
           Dukedom
           then
           to
           
             England
          
           which
           he
           won
           by
           the
           Sword
           )
           made
           himself
           the
           principal
           of
           that
           divine
           Succession
           we
           now
           stand
           upon
           ,
           and
           all
           our
           Kings
           have
           no
           other
           pretence
           then
           by
           the
           succession
           of
           his
           Sword
           ;
           and
           certainly
           ,
           if
           the
           Fountain
           ,
           and
           Head-Spring
           be
           corrupt
           ,
           the
           stream
           cannot
           be
           Christall
           and
           pure
           ;
           and
           yet
           (
           as
           Baron
           
             Thorpe
          
           declares
           in
           his
           Charge
           given
           at
           the
           Assizes
           holden
           at
           
             Yorke
          
           the
           twentieth
           of
           
             March
             ,
          
           1648.
           and
           now
           in
           Print
           )
           of
           all
           these
           twenty
           four
           
             Kings
             ,
          
           which
           have
           
             King'd
          
           it
           amongst
           us
           since
           that
           
             William
             ,
          
           there
           are
           but
           seven
           of
           them
           that
           could
           pretend
           legalty
           to
           succeed
           their
           former
           predecessors
           ,
           either
           by
           lineal
           ,
           or
           collaterall
           title
           ,
           (
           and
           he
           might
           have
           contracted
           that
           number
           ,
           and
           have
           been
           modest
           enough
           .
           )
           But
           that
           the
           Reader
           may
           not
           be
           prejudiced
           ,
           or
           wrap
           up
           his
           understanding
           in
           any
           expression
           ,
           let
           him
           but
           follow
           the
           discents
           of
           the
           
             Kings
          
           of
           
             England
          
           in
           the
           line
           ,
           (
           and
           pardon
           the
           first
           strange
           and
           exotick
           way
           of
           right
           )
           and
           he
           will
           discover
           ,
           that
           as
           the
           first
           title
           was
           created
           by
           force
           ,
           so
           the
           succession
           hath
           been
           continued
           by
           usurpation
           .
           
             Speed
          
           (
           too
           Royall
           a
           Writer
           )
           gives
           us
           a
           hint
           to
           go
           on
           upon
           in
           the
           Life
           of
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Fourth
           ,
           page
           746.
           (
           asketh
           by
           way
           of
           Interrogation
           )
           What
           right
           had
           
             Will
             ,
          
           the
           Conqueror
           ,
           the
           Father
           of
           all
           our
           glorious
           Tyrants
           ?
           What
           right
           (
           we
           speak
           ,
           saith
           he
           ,
           of
           a
           right
           of
           equity
           )
           had
           his
           son
           
             William
             Rufus
             ,
          
           and
           
             Henry
          
           the
           first
           ,
           while
           their
           elder
           brother
           lived
           ?
           and
           so
           he
           goes
           on
           .
           But
           to
           give
           a
           more
           particular
           account
           to
           the
           Reader
           ,
           how
           ▪
           every
           
             King
          
           came
           to
           his
           Crown
           ,
           Let
           us
           begin
           with
           the
           first
           of
           the
           first
           .
        
         
           After
           that
           the
           first
           
             William
             ,
          
           who
           laid
           the
           foundation
           of
           his
           right
           in
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           
             English
             ,
          
           had
           left
           this
           world
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           his
           Kingdom
           ,
           great
           strivings
           there
           were
           who
           should
           succeed
           ;
           and
           though
           he
           left
           three
           sons
           ,
           
             Robert
             ,
             William
             ,
          
           and
           
             Henry
             ,
          
           yet
           could
           leave
           but
           one
           Heir
           ,
           which
           was
           
             Robert
             ;
          
           yet
           
             William
          
           surnamed
           
             Rufus
             ,
          
           gets
           the
           crown
           set
           on
           his
           head
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           elder
           brothers
           title
           ,
           and
           though
           
             Robert
          
           fights
           for
           his
           right
           ,
           yet
           being
           too
           weak
           in
           the
           field
           ,
           is
           fore't
           to
           a
           composition
           ,
           on
           these
           terms
           that
           he
           should
           injoy
           it
           after
           his
           decease
           ,
           if
           he
           hapned
           to
           survive
           ;
           and
           yet
           notwithstanding
           ,
           
             Henry
          
           the
           youngest
           brother
           (
           called
           
             Henry
          
           the
           first
           )
           steps
           in
           ,
           and
           makes
           use
           of
           his
           brothers
           absence
           to
           set
           up
           himself
           in
           his
           place
           ;
           and
           
             Robert
          
           yet
           surviving
           ,
           he
           weares
           it
           in
           his
           stead
           ,
           and
           however
           he
           strove
           to
           regain
           his
           right
           ,
           he
           at
           last
           was
           fain
           to
           yield
           up
           ,
           not
           only
           his
           title
           ,
           but
           his
           person
           to
           
             Henry
             ,
          
           who
           not
           only
           unjustly
           excluded
           him
           from
           the
           succession
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           but
           cruelly
           put
           out
           his
           eyes
           that
           he
           
           might
           only
           feel
           his
           misery
           ,
           and
           never
           see
           his
           remedy
           .
           The
           line
           male
           of
           the
           Conqueror
           is
           now
           extinct
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           it
           was
           irregularly
           diverted
           ;
           as
           
             William
          
           got
           his
           right
           by
           his
           Sword
           ,
           so
           all
           his
           successors
           maintained
           it
           in
           imitation
           of
           him
           ,
           rather
           then
           by
           any
           legal
           pretence
           they
           could
           derive
           from
           him
           .
           But
           
             Henry
          
           the
           first
           (
           though
           ▪
           he
           had
           come
           in
           over
           the
           back
           of
           his
           elder
           brother
           )
           that
           he
           might
           make
           more
           sure
           work
           for
           a
           succession
           ,
           wanting
           issue
           male
           living
           ,
           pitcheth
           on
           
             Maud
          
           his
           daughter
           ,
           formerly
           married
           to
           the
           Emperor
           
             Henry
          
           the
           fourth
           ,
           who
           left
           her
           a
           widow
           ,
           and
           died
           without
           issue
           ;
           and
           having
           sworn
           all
           the
           Nobility
           (
           especially
           
             Stephen
          
           )
           to
           her
           ,
           ordained
           her
           &
           her
           issue
           to
           be
           his
           successors
           in
           
             Englands
             ▪
          
           Throne
           ,
           and
           married
           her
           again
           to
           
             Jeoffrey
             Plantagenet
             ,
          
           the
           son
           and
           heir
           apparent
           of
           
             Fulk
             ,
          
           then
           Earl
           of
           
             Anjou
             ,
          
           by
           whom
           she
           had
           three
           sons
           ,
           
             Henry
             ,
             Jeffrey
             ,
          
           and
           
             William
             ;
          
           to
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Crown
           belonged
           as
           next
           heir
           after
           his
           mother
           (
           by
           the
           usurped
           title
           of
           his
           father
           ,
           )
           yet
           
             Stephen
             ,
          
           Earl
           of
           
             Mortain
             ,
          
           and
           
             Bulloign
             ,
          
           son
           to
           
             Adelincia
          
           the
           third
           daughter
           of
           
             William
          
           the
           Conqueror
           ,
           by
           
             Maud
          
           his
           wife
           ,
           (
           notwithstanding
           his
           oath
           to
           the
           last
           King
           )
           gets
           the
           Crown
           set
           on
           his
           own
           head
           ,
           and
           excludes
           her
           ,
           and
           her
           issue
           for
           the
           present
           ;
           yet
           after
           he
           died
           ,
           
             Henry
             ,
          
           called
           the
           second
           ,
           sirnamed
           
             Shortmantle
             ,
          
           though
           his
           mother
           was
           alive
           ,
           enjoys
           it
           .
           This
           
             Henry
          
           had
           six
           sons
           ,
           
             William
             ,
             Henry
             Richard
             ,
             Jeoffrey
             ,
             Philip
             ,
             John
             ;
          
           the
           two
           first
           dying
           ,
           
             Richard
          
           the
           third
           son
           ,
           the
           first
           of
           that
           name
           ,
           Sirnamed
           
             Ceur
             de
             Lyon
          
           succeeded
           his
           father
           ;
           this
           
             Richard
          
           dying
           without
           issue
           ,
           his
           yongest
           brother
           
             John
          
           usurps
           the
           Crown
           ,
           notwithstanding
           
             Jeoffrey
          
           his
           elder
           brother
           had
           left
           a
           young
           son
           ,
           named
           
             Arthur
             Plantaganet
             King
          
           of
           
             Brittain
             ,
          
           who
           was
           heir
           apparant
           to
           the
           Crown
           ;
           and
           after
           he
           dyed
           ,
           
             Henry
          
           his
           son
           the
           third
           of
           that
           name
           succeedes
           him
           ,
           though
           
             Arthurs
          
           sister
           was
           then
           alive
           ,
           (
           though
           in
           prison
           )
           who
           was
           next
           to
           the
           title
           (
           such
           as
           it
           was
           )
           ;
           after
           him
           
             Edward
          
           sirnamed
           
             Longshankes
             ,
          
           called
           
             Edward
          
           the
           first
           ,
           layes
           hold
           on
           the
           Crown
           and
           wore
           it
           with
           much
           majesty
           ,
           and
           after
           him
           
             Edward
          
           the
           second
           his
           son
           goes
           on
           ,
           but
           still
           on
           the
           old
           account
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           ruine
           of
           the
           most
           proper
           heirs
           ;
           this
           
             Edward
          
           was
           deposed
           by
           the
           Parliament
           for
           his
           ill
           government
           as
           anon
           shall
           be
           more
           fully
           related
           ;
           and
           his
           son
           
             Edward
          
           the
           third
           of
           that
           name
           set
           up
           in
           his
           room
           ;
           after
           him
           followed
           
             Richard
          
           the
           second
           ,
           son
           to
           the
           black
           Prince
           ,
           who
           was
           also
           deposed
           ,
           after
           whose
           dethroning
           ,
           
             Henry
          
           called
           the
           fourth
           ,
           son
           to
           
             John
          
           of
           
             Gant
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Lancaster
             ,
          
           and
           uncle
           to
           the
           former
           King
           ,
           snatcheth
           up
           the
           Crown
           ,
           though
           of
           right
           it
           ,
           was
           to
           discend
           to
           
             Edmund
             Mortimer
             ,
          
           Earle
           of
           
             March
             ,
          
           the
           son
           and
           heir
           of
           
             Lionel
          
           Duke
           
           of
           
             Clarence
             ,
          
           the
           third
           son
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           third
           ,
           and
           an
           elder
           brother
           of
           
             John
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Lancaster
             ;
          
           and
           thus
           we
           have
           nothing
           hitherto
           ,
           but
           interruption
           ,
           and
           usurpation
           ;
           and
           those
           which
           in
           their
           own
           reigns
           can
           pretend
           a
           divine
           title
           by
           succession
           ,
           which
           must
           not
           be
           altered
           ,
           can
           for
           their
           advantage
           put
           by
           the
           succession
           of
           the
           issue
           of
           others
           .
           But
           to
           go
           on
           ,
           Here
           now
           began
           the
           bloody
           wars
           ,
           and
           contests
           between
           the
           house
           of
           
             Lancaster
             ,
          
           and
           
             York
          
           which
           made
           the
           world
           to
           ring
           of
           the
           misery
           of
           the
           civill
           wars
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           all
           about
           a
           title
           ,
           and
           neither
           of
           them
           (
           if
           seriously
           weighed
           )
           had
           a
           right
           title
           by
           succession
           ,
           if
           the
           first
           title
           of
           their
           Ancestors
           were
           to
           be
           the
           originall
           ;
           But
           that
           custome
           might
           be
           the
           best
           right
           ,
           he
           got
           in
           his
           son
           
             Henry
             ,
          
           who
           was
           the
           fifth
           of
           that
           name
           ,
           to
           succeed
           ;
           and
           his
           son
           
             Henry
          
           the
           sixt
           (
           though
           an
           infant
           )
           takes
           his
           place
           ,
           untill
           
             Edward
          
           Duke
           of
           
             York
          
           overthrew
           his
           Army
           in
           the
           battle
           at
           
             Towton
          
           Field
           ,
           and
           got
           him
           deposed
           ,
           and
           was
           proclaimed
           King
           by
           the
           name
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           fourth
           ,
           though
           the
           title
           had
           been
           carried
           on
           in
           the
           House
           of
           
             Lancaster
          
           thorow
           three
           discents
           ;
           thus
           favor
           ,
           and
           fortune
           ,
           not
           lineall
           succession
           alwayes
           gave
           the
           best
           title
           ;
           this
           
             Edward
          
           left
           two
           sons
           behind
           him
           ,
           (
           to
           maintain
           the
           succession
           of
           the
           House
           of
           
             York
             )
             Edward
          
           and
           
             Richard
          
           Duke
           of
           
             York
          
           and
           five
           daughters
           .
           His
           eldest
           Son
           
             Edward
          
           who
           was
           the
           fifth
           of
           that
           name
           ,
           succeeded
           him
           in
           claim
           ,
           &
           title
           ,
           but
           rather
           lived
           then
           raigned
           (
           being
           an
           infant
           )
           had
           never
           any
           actuall
           exercise
           of
           his
           government
           ;
           for
           
             Ric.
             
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Glocester
             ,
          
           and
           Uncle
           to
           this
           Infant
           ,
           and
           made
           his
           Protector
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           set
           up
           himself
           ,
           causeth
           both
           the
           young
           titular
           King
           ,
           &
           his
           Brother
           ,
           (
           these
           two
           Royall
           Infants
           )
           to
           be
           barbarously
           murthered
           in
           their
           beds
           ,
           and
           so
           wears
           the
           Crown
           himself
           ,
           by
           the
           name
           of
           
             Richard
          
           the
           Third
           ,
           untill
           
             Henry
          
           Earl
           of
           
             Richmond
          
           (
           a
           twigg
           of
           a
           Bastard
           of
           
             John
          
           of
           
             Gaunt
          
           )
           by
           his
           valour
           at
           
             Bosworth
          
           field
           ,
           having
           overthrown
           his
           Army
           ,
           slew
           the
           Tyrant
           himself
           ,
           and
           created
           by
           his
           sword
           (
           for
           other
           he
           had
           none
           )
           a
           new
           title
           to
           himself
           ,
           and
           was
           Crowned
           King
           ,
           by
           the
           name
           of
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Seventh
           ,
           who
           ,
           what
           by
           his
           power
           and
           by
           a
           marriage
           of
           the
           Lady
           
             Eliz.
          
           the
           eldest
           daughter
           of
           
             Ed.
          
           the
           Fourth
           ,
           confirmed
           his
           succession
           ,
           &
           from
           him
           do
           all
           our
           later
           Princes
           derive
           their
           Title
           ,
           as
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Eighth
           ,
           
             Edward
          
           the
           Sixth
           ,
           
             Queen
             Mary
             ,
             Queen
             Elizabeth
             ,
          
           King
           
             James
             ,
          
           and
           our
           last
           Tyrant
           
             Charls
             .
          
           This
           
             Henry
             ,
          
           the
           foundation
           of
           our
           great
           ones
           ,
           was
           himself
           but
           a
           private
           man
           ,
           who
           as
           
             Speed
          
           says
           ,
           had
           scarce
           any
           thing
           of
           a
           just
           title
           ,
           or
           of
           a
           warrantable
           intention
           ,
           but
           to
           remove
           an
           Usurper
           ;
           besides
           there
           were
           many
           naturall
           heirs
           
           of
           the
           house
           of
           
             York
          
           which
           were
           children
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           Fourth
           ,
           and
           
             George
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Clarence
             ,
             Richards
          
           elder
           brother
           ,
           who
           had
           better
           right
           :
           but
           when
           once
           a
           title
           is
           made
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           maintained
           ,
           and
           if
           it
           can
           but
           get
           thorow
           two
           or
           three
           Successors
           ,
           it
           s
           presently
           proclaimed
           to
           be
           
             jure
             divino
             ,
          
           and
           pleaded
           as
           the
           onely
           just
           title
           and
           right
           .
        
         
           Thus
           you
           have
           a
           faithfull
           ,
           and
           true
           account
           of
           the
           succession
           of
           our
           
             Norman
             Monarchs
             ;
          
           we
           can
           onely
           say
           we
           have
           had
           so
           many
           persons
           raigning
           ,
           and
           as
           Kings
           of
           
             England
             ;
          
           but
           for
           a
           title
           by
           lineal
           succession
           ,
           there
           is
           none
           ,
           but
           what
           every
           man
           may
           make
           aswell
           as
           any
           man
           ,
           and
           what
           is
           as
           proper
           to
           a
           stranger
           ,
           as
           to
           an
           heir
           ;
           power
           ,
           and
           favour
           ,
           murther
           and
           deceit
           being
           the
           most
           common
           principles
           of
           the
           right
           of
           most
           of
           our
           Kings
           to
           their
           government
           over
           us
           .
           If
           it
           be
           asked
           ,
           as
           
             Speed
          
           doth
           ,
           What
           right
           had
           
             William
          
           the
           Conqueror
           ?
           then
           it
           must
           follow
           ,
           What
           right
           had
           all
           the
           rest
           ?
           but
           supposing
           his
           right
           ,
           What
           right
           had
           these
           ,
           who
           so
           many
           times
           cut
           off
           the
           line
           ,
           and
           made
           themselves
           the
           Stock
           of
           future
           succession
           ?
           and
           what
           misery
           is
           it
           that
           this
           broken
           and
           usurped
           title
           must
           still
           be
           forced
           on
           us
           ,
           even
           by
           an
           Ecclesiasticall
           ,
           and
           Divine
           Institution
           ,
           who
           have
           now
           a
           way
           of
           redeeming
           our
           liberties
           ,
           and
           bettering
           our
           conditions
           ,
           and
           following
           the
           direct
           line
           of
           just
           and
           true
           titles
           ,
           the
           Election
           and
           choice
           of
           the
           people
           ?
           Is
           not
           five
           or
           six
           hundred
           year
           enough
           for
           
             England
          
           to
           be
           under
           the
           succession
           of
           a
           
             Norman
          
           Bastard
           (
           pardon
           the
           expression
           ,
           its
           true
           though
           plain
           )
           and
           to
           be
           sold
           with
           all
           its
           liberties
           ,
           from
           usurpation
           to
           usurpation
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           from
           generation
           to
           generation
           ?
           I
           need
           not
           be
           very
           zealous
           in
           application
           ,
           the
           history
           is
           enough
           to
           make
           all
           wise
           men
           consider
           ,
           by
           whom
           we
           have
           all
           this
           while
           been
           governed
           ,
           and
           upon
           what
           terms
           ;
           How
           tyranny
           and
           usurpation
           comes
           to
           be
           adored
           ,
           if
           it
           have
           but
           a
           royall
           name
           added
           to
           it
           .
           Shall
           the
           Parliament
           of
           
             England
          
           be
           now
           blamed
           for
           cutting
           off
           that
           race
           of
           usurpers
           and
           tyrants
           ,
           and
           reducing
           affairs
           to
           their
           first
           naturall
           and
           right
           principle
           ;
           or
           will
           the
           people
           of
           
             England
          
           after
           all
           their
           experiences
           ,
           centre
           their
           liberties
           and
           freedoms
           in
           a
           customary
           usurpation
           of
           succession
           ,
           and
           lose
           their
           Common-wealth
           for
           the
           personall
           glory
           of
           a
           young
           Pretender
           ?
           especially
           ,
           when
           they
           have
           fought
           against
           the
           Father
           ,
           and
           cut
           him
           off
           as
           a
           Tyrant
           ,
           endeavour
           to
           set
           up
           the
           Son
           to
           follow
           on
           both
           the
           first
           cause
           ,
           and
           revenge
           ,
           meerly
           because
           he
           was
           supposed
           to
           be
           proceeded
           of
           his
           polluted
           loyns
           :
           this
           blindness
           will
           be
           our
           misery
           ,
           and
           endear
           us
           
           to
           a
           more
           perfect
           and
           more
           tyrannicall
           slavery
           then
           ever
           yet
           
             England
          
           felt
           .
        
         
           But
           to
           go
           on
           ,
           the
           Reader
           hath
           seen
           what
           a
           line
           we
           have
           had
           in
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           how
           pure
           a
           title
           our
           Kings
           have
           had
           to
           their
           Crowns
           ;
           Le
           ts
           now
           but
           have
           patience
           to
           view
           their
           actings
           successively
           ,
           and
           yet
           shortly
           ,
           and
           we
           shall
           better
           guess
           of
           their
           right
           by
           their
           raigns
           ;
           for
           though
           one
           would
           think
           that
           they
           should
           endeavour
           to
           make
           good
           a
           bad
           title
           by
           a
           good
           raign
           ,
           yet
           it
           hath
           been
           far
           otherwise
           ;
           every
           man
           having
           made
           his
           right
           by
           force
           ,
           maintained
           it
           by
           tyranny
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           have
           gotten
           power
           ,
           never
           remembered
           how
           ,
           or
           to
           what
           end
           they
           attained
           it
           ;
           if
           we
           look
           back
           again
           ,
           and
           make
           a
           new
           and
           strict
           survey
           of
           their
           severall
           actings
           in
           their
           Government
           ,
           and
           go
           over
           every
           Kings
           head
           since
           
             Willam
          
           the
           Conqueror
           ,
           we
           shall
           not
           much
           mistake
           if
           we
           pass
           by
           
             Turkie
             ,
             Russia
             ,
          
           the
           
             Moors
             ,
          
           and
           yet
           call
           
             Englands
          
           Kings
           Tyrants
           ,
           and
           their
           Subjects
           Slaves
           ;
           and
           however
           in
           the
           theory
           ,
           and
           System
           it
           have
           been
           limited
           ,
           and
           bounded
           by
           good
           and
           distinguishing
           Laws
           ,
           yet
           in
           the
           exercise
           and
           practique
           part
           almost
           of
           every
           
             Kings
          
           Raign
           ,
           we
           shall
           find
           it
           deserve
           as
           bad
           a
           name
           as
           others
           who
           are
           called
           most
           absolute
           ;
           for
           the
           Laws
           and
           Priviledges
           which
           this
           poor
           Nation
           hath
           enjoyed
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           been
           but
           complementally
           granted
           for
           the
           most
           part
           ,
           and
           with
           much
           design
           ,
           so
           they
           have
           ever
           (
           upon
           any
           occasion
           )
           proved
           but
           weak
           and
           low
           hedges
           against
           the
           Spring-tides
           ,
           and
           Land
           floods
           of
           the
           Prerogative
           of
           the
           Prince
           ,
           which
           hath
           always
           gained
           more
           on
           the
           priviledges
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           then
           ever
           the
           Sea
           by
           all
           its
           washing
           and
           beatings
           of
           its
           boysterous
           and
           unmerciful
           waves
           hath
           gained
           on
           the
           Land
           ;
           for
           if
           at
           any
           time
           the
           poor
           Commons
           (
           through
           much
           strugling
           ,
           and
           a
           good
           and
           present
           necessitous
           mood
           of
           the
           Prince
           )
           have
           got
           off
           any
           present
           oppressions
           ,
           and
           forced
           out
           the
           promise
           for
           enacting
           of
           any
           good
           and
           seasonable
           Laws
           :
           yet
           either
           the
           next
           advantage
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           the
           next
           successor
           ,
           hath
           been
           sure
           ,
           either
           to
           silence
           ,
           or
           diannul
           it
           ,
           and
           incroached
           upon
           it
           ;
           and
           never
           was
           Priviledge
           or
           good
           Law
           enacted
           ,
           or
           gained
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           but
           by
           hard
           pressure
           of
           the
           Subject
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           predominant
           ingredient
           of
           the
           
             Kings
          
           advantage
           ,
           and
           still
           rather
           out
           of
           courtesie
           then
           right
           .
           We
           shall
           finde
           also
           that
           
             England
          
           for
           three
           or
           four
           hundred
           years
           together
           (
           some
           
             lucida
             intervalla
          
           excepted
           )
           hath
           been
           a
           stage
           of
           blood
           ,
           and
           the
           astonishment
           of
           all
           Nations
           in
           civil
           wars
           ,
           and
           that
           meerly
           ,
           either
           for
           the
           clearing
           of
           the
           title
           to
           the
           Crown
           
           (
           which
           yet
           at
           last
           was
           onely
           made
           lawfull
           by
           the
           prevailing
           power
           ,
           and
           as
           soon
           made
           illegall
           when
           another
           side
           got
           the
           better
           )
           or
           else
           by
           the
           Subject
           and
           Barons
           ,
           taking
           up
           arms
           to
           defend
           themselves
           ,
           and
           make
           Rampiers
           (
           if
           possible
           )
           against
           the
           inundation
           of
           Prerogative
           ,
           and
           rather
           preserving
           ,
           then
           obtaining
           any
           additions
           of
           liberties
           ,
           and
           yet
           they
           were
           commonly
           defeated
           at
           last
           ;
           for
           if
           for
           the
           present
           by
           some
           eminent
           advantage
           ,
           they
           got
           a
           little
           ground
           ,
           they
           soon
           lost
           it
           again
           by
           royal
           stratagems
           ,
           and
           were
           either
           forced
           ,
           or
           complemented
           ▪
           into
           their
           old
           miseries
           ,
           with
           a
           worse
           remembrance
           of
           former
           actings
           .
           But
           to
           enter
           into
           the
           particulars
           of
           this
           sad
           Story
           :
        
         
           All
           men
           know
           (
           or
           may
           )
           the
           tyrannical
           domination
           of
           that
           first
           
             William
             ,
          
           who
           behaved
           himself
           as
           a
           Conqueror
           indeed
           ,
           and
           a
           most
           perfect
           tyrant
           (
           since
           whom
           we
           have
           never
           had
           an
           
             English
          
           man
           ,
           but
           one
           ,
           who
           hath
           been
           naturalized
           by
           the
           succession
           of
           his
           Conquest
           as
           King
           of
           
             England
          
           )
           he
           presently
           changed
           most
           of
           our
           Laws
           ,
           especially
           those
           wherein
           the
           
             English
          
           liberties
           were
           most
           transparent
           ,
           and
           preserved
           ,
           and
           made
           new
           Laws
           ,
           and
           those
           which
           he
           left
           ,
           writ
           them
           all
           in
           
             French
             ;
          
           disweaponed
           all
           the
           Natives
           ,
           sent
           the
           children
           of
           the
           best
           ,
           and
           most
           faithful
           of
           the
           Nobility
           into
           
             Normandy
          
           as
           Hostages
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           gallant
           of
           the
           
             English
          
           were
           transported
           by
           him
           into
           
             France
          
           to
           serve
           his
           wars
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           extinguish
           their
           Families
           ;
           he
           advanced
           his
           
             Normans
          
           into
           all
           places
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           kept
           them
           as
           a
           guard
           over
           the
           
             English
             ;
          
           brought
           in
           the
           cruel
           Forrest
           Laws
           ,
           and
           dispeopled
           for
           thirty
           miles
           together
           in
           
             Hampshire
             ,
          
           pulling
           down
           many
           Towns
           ,
           and
           Villages
           ,
           with
           Churches
           ,
           Chappels
           ,
           and
           Gentlemens
           Houses
           ,
           making
           it
           a
           Forrest
           for
           wilde
           beasts
           ,
           (
           which
           is
           ever
           since
           named
           the
           
             New
             Forrest
             ,
          
           but
           was
           the
           old
           ensign
           of
           our
           misery
           and
           slavery
           )
           he
           laid
           on
           innumerable
           taxes
           ,
           and
           made
           Laws
           royal
           ,
           very
           severe
           ,
           and
           in
           an
           unknown
           Language
           ,
           that
           the
           
             English
          
           offending
           might
           forfeit
           their
           states
           and
           lands
           to
           him
           ,
           which
           they
           often
           did
           ,
           through
           ignorance
           :
           But
           alas
           ,
           what
           need
           I
           mention
           these
           ?
           who
           ever
           reads
           but
           our
           Histories
           ,
           (
           and
           the
           most
           favorable
           ▪
           and
           fawning
           Royalist
           )
           will
           see
           more
           then
           now
           can
           be
           expressed
           ;
           and
           yet
           here
           is
           the
           first
           fruits
           of
           our
           
             Kings
          
           and
           of
           their
           righteous
           title
           ,
           whose
           succession
           hath
           been
           as
           much
           in
           tyranny
           after
           him
           ,
           as
           in
           title
           :
           and
           yet
           we
           must
           ,
           by
           a
           sacred
           obligation
           be
           bound
           to
           maintain
           with
           our
           blood
           ,
           and
           lives
           ,
           the
           branches
           of
           this
           rotten
           root
           ,
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           providential
           ,
           and
           divine
           opportunities
           
           of
           casting
           off
           that
           miserable
           yoak
           which
           our
           forefathers
           ,
           so
           sadly
           groaned
           under
           ,
           and
           would
           have
           triumphed
           in
           the
           pouring
           out
           their
           blood
           (
           which
           they
           shed
           freely
           ,
           but
           to
           little
           purpose
           )
           but
           to
           have
           foreseen
           their
           childrens
           children
           might
           have
           but
           the
           hopes
           of
           attaining
           to
           .
        
         
           But
           although
           
             William
          
           the
           first
           made
           sure
           his
           Conquest
           to
           his
           own
           
           person
           ,
           yet
           by
           his
           tyranny
           he
           gave
           ground
           of
           designs
           ,
           and
           hopes
           of
           recovery
           after
           his
           death
           ,
           &
           therefore
           the
           people
           who
           but
           murmured
           and
           mourned
           in
           secret
           formerly
           ,
           consider
           now
           their
           condition
           ,
           and
           that
           
             Robert
          
           the
           right
           heir
           was
           wanting
           ,
           and
           his
           second
           son
           endeavored
           to
           be
           set
           up
           ,
           begin
           to
           capitulate
           ,
           and
           repeat
           their
           former
           grievances
           ,
           and
           to
           stand
           upon
           their
           terms
           ,
           with
           the
           next
           Successors
           ;
           But
           
             William
             Rufus
          
           who
           longed
           for
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           saw
           what
           advantage
           he
           had
           by
           his
           brothers
           absence
           ,
           through
           the
           mediation
           of
           
             Lanke-Frank
          
           the
           Arch-bishop
           of
           
             Canterbury
          
           (
           a
           man
           for
           his
           vertue
           and
           learning
           in
           great
           esteem
           with
           the
           people
           )
           got
           himself
           to
           be
           accepted
           ,
           and
           crowned
           King
           (
           with
           exclusion
           of
           his
           elder
           brother
           )
           by
           fair
           promises
           ,
           and
           engagements
           to
           repeal
           his
           fathers
           Laws
           ,
           and
           of
           promoting
           the
           liberties
           of
           the
           
             English
          
           (
           any
           probability
           being
           then
           taking
           to
           the
           poor
           people
           .
           )
           But
           no
           sooner
           had
           he
           got
           the
           Crown
           fastned
           on
           his
           head
           ,
           (
           and
           defeated
           his
           brother
           in
           battle
           )
           but
           he
           forgat
           all
           his
           own
           promises
           ,
           follows
           directly
           his
           fathers
           steps
           ,
           grows
           excessive
           covetous
           ,
           lays
           on
           intolerable
           taxes
           ,
           and
           merciless
           exactions
           ,
           returns
           their
           longings
           ,
           and
           hopes
           after
           their
           just
           libertie
           into
           a
           sad
           bondage
           and
           slavery
           .
           The
           poor
           people
           having
           thus
           smarted
           for
           their
           credulity
           ,
           &
           renewing
           their
           sense
           of
           their
           misery
           ,
           under
           the
           two
           former
           tyrants
           ,
           take
           heart
           once
           again
           ,
           and
           refuse
           to
           admit
           any
           after
           his
           death
           ,
           until
           (
           as
           Judge
           
             Thorpe
          
           well
           expresseth
           it
           in
           that
           forementioned
           discourse
           )
           they
           were
           cheated
           into
           a
           second
           election
           of
           
             Hen.
          
           the
           first
           ,
           his
           youngest
           brother
           ;
           for
           the
           people
           standing
           for
           their
           Liberties
           (
           and
           yet
           ,
           alas
           ,
           but
           negatively
           ,
           rather
           to
           be
           freed
           from
           excess
           of
           oppression
           ,
           then
           knowing
           what
           true
           freedom
           was
           )
           having
           felt
           the
           misery
           of
           their
           loss
           in
           the
           two
           former
           persons
           (
           shall
           I
           call
           them
           
             Kings
             ?
          
           )
           Raign
           ;
           denied
           any
           consent
           to
           another
           person
           of
           that
           stock
           without
           solemn
           capitulations
           ,
           and
           covenants
           to
           settle
           just
           Laws
           ,
           and
           to
           ingage
           for
           the
           execution
           of
           them
           ,
           with
           abrogation
           of
           all
           former
           mischievous
           and
           inconvenient
           ones
           ,
           (
           which
           
             Matthew
             Paris
          
           calls
           unworthily
           ,
           a
           Politique
           ,
           but
           trayterous
           way
           of
           capitulating
           .
           )
           Whereupon
           
             Henry
             ,
          
           who
           had
           nothing
           of
           title
           ,
           made
           friends
           by
           his
           
           engagements
           ,
           and
           
             Roberts
          
           absence
           in
           the
           
             Holy-land
             ,
          
           and
           doth
           absolutely
           promise
           to
           begin
           all
           anew
           ,
           constitute
           just
           laws
           ,
           reform
           his
           Fathers
           ,
           and
           brothers
           exorbitancies
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           as
           a
           Nursing
           Father
           both
           to
           Church
           and
           State
           ;
           these
           fair
           insinuations
           got
           him
           the
           Crown
           ,
           though
           
             Robert
          
           was
           to
           have
           it
           first
           by
           his
           own
           right
           ,
           and
           next
           by
           his
           Brothers
           Covenant
           and
           Will
           .
        
         
           And
           that
           he
           might
           not
           seem
           altogether
           disproportionable
           to
           his
           
           engagement
           ,
           the
           first
           action
           of
           his
           government
           was
           to
           bait
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           sugar
           their
           subjection
           ,
           as
           his
           predecessor
           in
           the
           like
           interposition
           had
           done
           ,
           but
           with
           more
           moderation
           and
           advisedness
           ;
           but
           having
           once
           secured
           his
           title
           from
           his
           Brothers
           
             jus
             ,
          
           and
           setled
           some
           affairs
           abroad
           ,
           began
           much
           after
           the
           old
           strain
           ,
           (
           yet
           not
           altogether
           so
           violent
           )
           yet
           these
           cruel
           and
           savage
           Laws
           of
           the
           forrest
           he
           revived
           ,
           and
           put
           in
           execution
           ,
           yea
           ,
           urged
           as
           the
           most
           fundamentall
           Law
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           and
           many
           sore
           in
           positions
           he
           levied
           (
           which
           the
           people
           were
           not
           able
           to
           bear
           ;
           )
           that
           these
           two
           sons
           ,
           though
           they
           ended
           the
           direct
           line
           ,
           yet
           they
           propagated
           their
           Fathers
           tyranny
           ;
           onely
           he
           got
           the
           throne
           by
           force
           ;
           they
           by
           subtilty
           ,
           and
           delusive
           engagements
           ;
           and
           now
           the
           poor
           people
           ,
           who
           had
           still
           been
           cozened
           ,
           and
           are
           commonly
           passive
           ,
           begin
           in
           the
           next
           Kings
           reign
           ,
           (
           
             viz.
          
           of
           
             Stephen
             ,
          
           another
           Usurper
           )
           to
           be
           active
           ,
           and
           to
           struggle
           for
           their
           liberties
           more
           seriously
           and
           thorowly
           ,
           and
           not
           contented
           with
           promises
           of
           abating
           former
           pressures
           ,
           drew
           up
           the
           summ
           of
           their
           desires
           in
           a
           more
           exact
           method
           ,
           and
           demand
           publikely
           the
           restoring
           and
           re-establishing
           of
           St.
           
           
             Edwards
          
           Laws
           (
           for
           such
           a
           rarity
           was
           that
           former
           Prince
           ,
           as
           they
           Canonized
           him
           a
           Saint
           )
           which
           were
           many
           years
           before
           granted
           ▪
           but
           by
           new
           and
           strange
           successions
           buried
           ;
           and
           
             Stephen
             ,
          
           who
           came
           in
           odly
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           was
           continually
           in
           various
           motions
           to
           maintain
           it
           ,
           confirmed
           all
           these
           laws
           ,
           and
           to
           gain
           the
           people
           ,
           ratified
           them
           by
           Parliament
           ,
           the
           best
           security
           in
           these
           cases
           ;
           But
           soon
           after
           Prerogative
           (
           like
           a
           Lion
           in
           chains
           )
           breaks
           forth
           again
           with
           fuller
           rage
           ,
           and
           devours
           all
           these
           grants
           ,
           with
           the
           hopes
           ,
           and
           expectations
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           for
           though
           in
           the
           two
           next
           Kings
           raigns
           these
           grants
           were
           not
           actually
           repeled
           ,
           yet
           were
           laid
           by
           ,
           and
           only
           wrapt
           up
           in
           parchments
           ,
           and
           husht
           by
           the
           noise
           of
           Drums
           ,
           and
           Trumpets
           .
           For
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Second
           ,
           the
           next
           King
           ,
           spent
           most
           of
           his
           time
           in
           cleering
           the
           controversie
           ▪
           between
           
             Regnum
             &
             Sacerdotium
             ,
          
           the
           Crown
           and
           the
           Mitre
           ,
           as
           in
           setling
           his
           own
           Title
           both
           here
           ,
           and
           in
           
             Normandy
             ▪
          
           and
           
             Ireland
             ;
          
           a
           while
           he
           and
           
             Thomas
             Becket
          
           
           were
           standing
           in
           the
           special
           rights
           ,
           and
           priviledges
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           and
           State
           ,
           the
           liberties
           of
           the
           people
           were
           laid
           asleep
           ,
           and
           certainly
           he
           hated
           the
           former
           grants
           ,
           because
           made
           by
           
             Stephen
             ,
          
           who
           had
           stoln
           the
           Crown
           both
           from
           his
           Mother
           ,
           and
           himself
           ;
           the
           notablest
           story
           in
           this
           Kings
           reign
           (
           setting
           by
           his
           warlike
           atchievements
           )
           is
           ,
           that
           after
           
             Becket
          
           had
           often
           foiled
           him
           in
           his
           authority
           ,
           he
           was
           handsomly
           whipt
           by
           the
           Monks
           ,
           in
           going
           to
           visit
           
             Beckets
          
           shrine
           ,
           which
           was
           part
           of
           his
           pennance
           ,
           for
           giving
           secret
           order
           to
           Assasinats
           to
           make
           him
           away
           ;
           And
           that
           he
           kept
           
             Rosamond
          
           as
           his
           Concubine
           ,
           to
           the
           vexation
           of
           
             Elenor
          
           his
           Wife
           ,
           who
           at
           last
           vented
           her
           revenge
           on
           her
           ,
           having
           found
           her
           out
           in
           that
           intricate
           Labyrinth
           made
           on
           purpose
           for
           her
           at
           
             Woodstock
             ,
          
           by
           the
           clew
           which
           
             Rosamond
          
           had
           carelesly
           untwisted
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           that
           laid
           claim
           to
           this
           Crown
           ,
           was
           his
           son
           
             Richard
          
           the
           first
           ,
           surnamed
           
             Ceur
             de
             Lion
          
           (
           as
           before
           )
           who
           was
           to
           be
           commended
           rather
           for
           his
           personal
           valour
           ,
           in
           other
           Nations
           ,
           then
           for
           any
           good
           done
           to
           this
           ;
           He
           began
           well
           in
           enlarging
           his
           Mother
           
             Elenor
             ,
          
           whom
           his
           Father
           had
           imprisoned
           ,
           because
           she
           could
           not
           abide
           his
           lascivious
           living
           with
           his
           wanton
           Paragon
           
             Rosamond
             ,
          
           and
           advanced
           many
           persons
           by
           speciall
           favours
           ;
           yet
           these
           respects
           were
           more
           particular
           ,
           then
           of
           any
           publike
           advantage
           to
           the
           State
           ;
           for
           out
           of
           a
           blind
           zeal
           in
           those
           times
           ,
           after
           he
           had
           been
           in
           
             England
          
           but
           four
           months
           after
           his
           Coronation
           ,
           he
           went
           into
           the
           
             Holy-land
             ,
          
           against
           the
           
             Turks
             ,
          
           leaving
           the
           Regency
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           to
           an
           Ecclesiasticall
           Person
           ,
           
             William
             Longchampe
             ,
          
           Bishop
           of
           
             Ely
             ,
          
           who
           to
           please
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           by
           speciall
           command
           ,
           undid
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           committed
           great
           exactions
           ,
           and
           as
           
             Hoveden
          
           says
           ,
           
             Clerum
             &
             populum
             opprimebat
             ,
             confundens
             fasque
             nefasque
          
           did
           all
           as
           he
           listed
           ,
           and
           little
           cared
           by
           what
           means
           he
           filled
           the
           Kings
           Coffers
           ,
           and
           his
           own
           ;
           (
           acting
           but
           by
           Proxie
           and
           in
           imitation
           of
           what
           his
           Master
           would
           have
           done
           ,
           if
           at
           home
           ▪
           &
           by
           many
           a
           private
           command
           )
           as
           it
           afterwards
           proved
           ;
           for
           when
           
             Richard
          
           undertook
           this
           voyage
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           not
           seem
           at
           first
           burthensom
           to
           the
           people
           when
           he
           left
           them
           ,
           and
           to
           maintain
           both
           his
           design
           ,
           and
           absence
           on
           their
           purses
           (
           and
           so
           alienate
           their
           affections
           from
           him
           when
           at
           so
           great
           a
           distance
           ,
           and
           give
           grounds
           to
           his
           Brother
           
             John
          
           to
           try
           an
           experiment
           for
           the
           title
           )
           wifely
           sold
           much
           of
           his
           own
           estate
           to
           raise
           him
           monies
           ,
           as
           the
           Castles
           of
           
             Berwick
             ▪
          
           and
           
             Roxborough
             ,
          
           to
           the
           King
           of
           
             Scots
          
           for
           ten
           thousand
           pounds
           ,
           and
           the
           Lordship
           ,
           and
           Earldom
           of
           
             Durham
             ,
          
           to
           
             Hugh
          
           then
           
           Bishop
           of
           that
           See
           ,
           for
           much
           mony
           ,
           as
           also
           many
           Honors
           ,
           Lordships
           ,
           Mannors
           ,
           Offices
           ,
           Priviledges
           ,
           Royalties
           ,
           to
           many
           of
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           and
           rich
           Commoners
           ,
           whereby
           he
           furnished
           himself
           with
           a
           vast
           treasurie
           of
           mony
           for
           that
           service
           ;
           and
           that
           you
           may
           see
           what
           interest
           he
           and
           his
           companions
           think
           they
           have
           in
           his
           peoples
           goods
           (
           however
           they
           dissemble
           it
           )
           he
           often
           protested
           that
           he
           would
           sell
           his
           City
           of
           
             London
          
           (
           as
           my
           Author
           saith
           )
           to
           any
           that
           would
           by
           it
           ,
           rather
           then
           be
           chargeable
           unto
           others
           ;
           but
           notwithstanding
           all
           this
           ,
           as
           the
           people
           were
           sadly
           opprest
           in
           his
           absence
           by
           his
           Viceroy
           ,
           so
           much
           more
           when
           he
           returned
           by
           himself
           ;
           for
           he
           then
           began
           to
           redeem
           his
           time
           ,
           and
           to
           play
           
             Rex
          
           with
           a
           witness
           ;
           he
           fell
           presently
           to
           plunder
           all
           religious
           houses
           ,
           laid
           on
           new
           and
           unheard
           of
           Taxes
           on
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           resumed
           into
           his
           hands
           again
           all
           the
           Lordships
           ,
           Mannors
           ,
           Castles
           ,
           &c.
           which
           he
           had
           sold
           to
           his
           subjects
           ,
           and
           confirmed
           it
           by
           all
           the
           security
           they
           could
           have
           from
           man
           ;
           this
           is
           the
           misery
           of
           depending
           on
           royal
           promises
           ,
           and
           engagements
           ,
           which
           are
           usually
           nothing
           else
           but
           complementall
           engins
           to
           move
           up
           the
           peoples
           affections
           ,
           while
           they
           more
           easily
           ,
           and
           insensibly
           drain
           out
           their
           blood
           ,
           and
           purses
           ,
           this
           was
           the
           end
           of
           this
           Rough
           ,
           and
           Lionlike
           King
           ,
           who
           reigned
           nine
           years
           ,
           and
           nine
           months
           ,
           wherein
           he
           exacted
           and
           consumed
           more
           of
           this
           Kingdom
           then
           all
           his
           Predecessors
           from
           the
           
             Norman
          
           had
           done
           before
           him
           ,
           and
           yet
           less
           deserved
           it
           then
           any
           ,
           having
           neither
           lived
           here
           ,
           nor
           left
           behind
           him
           monument
           of
           piety
           ,
           or
           any
           publike
           work
           ,
           or
           ever
           shewed
           love
           or
           care
           to
           this
           Common-wealth
           ,
           but
           onely
           to
           get
           what
           he
           could
           from
           it
           ;
           we
           see
           hitherto
           what
           a
           race
           of
           Kings
           we
           have
           had
           ,
           and
           what
           cause
           we
           have
           to
           glory
           in
           any
           thing
           but
           their
           Tombs
           ;
           and
           yet
           if
           we
           expect
           better
           afterwards
           ,
           we
           shall
           be
           as
           much
           mistaken
           of
           their
           actings
           as
           they
           were
           of
           their
           right
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           that
           raigned
           (
           though
           without
           any
           hereditary
           title
           )
           was
           King
           
             John
             ,
             Stephens
          
           Brother
           ;
           whose
           government
           was
           as
           unjust
           as
           
           his
           title
           ,
           for
           he
           (
           having
           by
           Election
           ,
           out
           of
           fear
           and
           policy
           of
           State
           ,
           got
           the
           Crown
           ,
           with
           expulsion
           of
           
             Arthur
          
           the
           right
           heir
           
             ut
             supra
          
           )
           embarked
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           himself
           in
           these
           miserable
           incumberances
           ,
           through
           his
           violence
           and
           oppression
           ,
           as
           produced
           desperate
           effects
           ,
           and
           made
           way
           to
           those
           great
           alterations
           in
           the
           government
           which
           followed
           ;
           the
           whole
           reign
           of
           this
           King
           was
           a
           perfect
           tyranny
           ;
           there
           is
           in
           History
           hardly
           one
           good
           word
           given
           him
           ;
           the
           Barons
           and
           Clergy
           continually
           opposed
           him
           ,
           strugling
           for
           a
           confirmation
           of
           
           their
           long
           desired
           liberties
           ,
           but
           were
           most
           commonly
           either
           cluded
           ,
           or
           defeated
           by
           promises
           which
           were
           never
           intended
           to
           be
           performed
           ,
           until
           at
           last
           being
           more
           entirely
           united
           with
           the
           Commons
           ,
           and
           stoutly
           resolved
           and
           confirmed
           by
           an
           Oath
           ,
           taken
           at
           St.
           
             Edmunds-Burie
          
           in
           a
           general
           Assembly
           ,
           they
           then
           swore
           on
           the
           high
           Altar
           ,
           never
           to
           lay
           down
           arms
           ,
           if
           King
           
             John
          
           refused
           to
           confirm
           and
           restore
           unto
           them
           these
           liberties
           (
           the
           rights
           which
           this
           Kingdom
           was
           formerly
           blest
           with
           ,
           and
           which
           all
           the
           late
           Kings
           had
           cheated
           them
           of
           )
           the
           King
           knowing
           their
           power
           ,
           and
           considering
           their
           engagements
           ,
           makes
           use
           of
           policy
           ,
           and
           desired
           time
           to
           answer
           them
           ,
           entertaining
           them
           with
           smooth
           and
           gentle
           language
           ,
           and
           courtesie
           ,
           untill
           he
           had
           got
           strength
           ,
           and
           then
           he
           began
           anew
           to
           try
           experiments
           of
           securing
           himself
           ,
           and
           frustrating
           their
           desires
           :
           But
           the
           Lords
           continuing
           their
           resolution
           ,
           and
           knowing
           nothing
           was
           to
           be
           obtained
           but
           by
           strong
           hand
           ,
           assemble
           themselves
           with
           a
           great
           Army
           at
           
             Stamford
             ,
          
           from
           whence
           they
           marched
           towards
           the
           King
           ,
           who
           was
           then
           at
           
             Oxford
             ;
          
           sent
           him
           a
           Schedule
           of
           their
           claimed
           liberties
           ,
           with
           an
           Appendix
           of
           their
           absolute
           resolutions
           ,
           in
           case
           of
           his
           denyal
           ;
           this
           Tyrant
           having
           heard
           them
           read
           ,
           with
           much
           passion
           replies
           :
           
             Why
             do
             they
             not
             demand
             the
             Kingdom
             as
             wel
             ?
          
           and
           swore
           he
           would
           never
           grant
           these
           liberties
           ,
           whereby
           himself
           should
           be
           made
           a
           servant
           ▪
           The
           Barons
           upon
           his
           Answer
           being
           (
           as
           
             Daniel
          
           saith
           )
           as
           hasty
           as
           he
           was
           averse
           ,
           resolve
           to
           seaze
           on
           his
           Castles
           ,
           and
           Possessions
           ;
           and
           repairing
           to
           
             London
             ,
          
           being
           welcomed
           by
           the
           Citizens
           ,
           who
           had
           too
           long
           groaned
           under
           the
           same
           tyranny
           ,
           they
           get
           a
           great
           access
           of
           strength
           by
           new
           confederates
           ,
           and
           renew
           their
           spirits
           &
           oaths
           for
           the
           thorow
           prosecution
           of
           the
           war
           ;
           the
           King
           seeing
           himself
           in
           a
           strait
           ,
           which
           by
           no
           ordinary
           strength
           he
           could
           evade
           ,
           by
           gentle
           and
           teeming
           Messages
           sent
           to
           the
           Barons
           ,
           he
           obtained
           a
           Conference
           in
           a
           Medow
           called
           
             Running-mead
             ,
          
           between
           
             Windsor
          
           and
           
             Sta●es
             ,
          
           where
           armed
           multitudes
           came
           from
           all
           places
           ,
           crying
           nothing
           but
           
             Liberty
             ,
             Liberty
             ,
          
           so
           sweet
           was
           that
           tone
           to
           them
           then
           :
           After
           many
           hard
           Conferences
           ,
           the
           King
           seeing
           it
           no
           time
           to
           dally
           ,
           &
           that
           they
           would
           not
           trust
           him
           with
           any
           complemental
           expressions
           ,
           whom
           they
           looked
           on
           as
           formerly
           perjured
           ,
           grants
           their
           desires
           ;
           not
           only
           ,
           saith
           
             Speed
             ,
          
           for
           Liberties
           specified
           in
           
             Magna
             Charta
             &
             Charta
             Forrestae
             ,
          
           but
           also
           for
           a
           kind
           of
           sway
           in
           the
           Government
           ,
           by
           five
           and
           twenty
           selected
           Peers
           ,
           who
           were
           to
           be
           as
           a
           check
           over
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           his
           chief
           Justiciar
           ,
           and
           all
           his
           Officers
           to
           whom
           any
           appeal
           might
           be
           made
           in
           
           case
           of
           breach
           of
           any
           article
           or
           priviledge
           confirmed
           by
           that
           Charter
           ;
           And
           now
           one
           would
           think
           the
           people
           were
           secure
           enough
           ;
           but
           though
           they
           seem
           now
           to
           have
           the
           livery
           ,
           yet
           they
           had
           not
           the
           seisin
           ;
           for
           presently
           the
           King
           having
           got
           now
           credit
           by
           the
           largeness
           of
           his
           grants
           ,
           gets
           liberty
           with
           less
           suspicion
           to
           undo
           all
           ;
           and
           in
           a
           short
           time
           (
           pretending
           these
           grants
           to
           be
           acts
           of
           force
           )
           having
           got
           power
           ,
           renounceth
           his
           engagement
           by
           them
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           repeals
           them
           ,
           and
           dispoiled
           all
           these
           of
           their
           lands
           and
           possessions
           ,
           who
           had
           any
           hand
           ,
           or
           heart
           in
           procuring
           the
           former
           grants
           ;
           and
           by
           new
           ,
           and
           additionall
           Laws
           made
           them
           more
           perfect
           slaves
           then
           ever
           they
           were
           before
           ,
           untill
           at
           last
           he
           was
           poysoned
           by
           a
           Monk
           ,
           instead
           of
           being
           deposed
           .
        
         
           But
           though
           he
           be
           dead
           ,
           yet
           the
           miseries
           of
           this
           Nation
           ended
           not
           with
           him
           ;
           for
           his
           son
           
             Henry
          
           the
           third
           ;
           who
           succeeded
           him
           ,
           though
           he
           could
           not
           at
           first
           follow
           on
           his
           Fathers
           designs
           ,
           being
           an
           Infant
           ,
           yet
           at
           last
           did
           not
           onely
           imitate
           ,
           but
           outstrip
           him
           ,
           yet
           the
           
             English
          
           Nation
           ,
           (
           who
           are
           much
           given
           to
           credulity
           ,
           and
           apt
           to
           be
           won
           by
           fair
           and
           plausible
           promises
           ,
           )
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           fathers
           iniquity
           ,
           imbrace
           the
           son
           ,
           having
           taken
           an
           oath
           of
           him
           to
           restore
           ,
           and
           confirm
           the
           liberties
           they
           propounded
           to
           his
           father
           ,
           which
           he
           had
           often
           granted
           ,
           and
           as
           often
           broken
           ;
           but
           for
           all
           his
           first
           oath
           ,
           they
           were
           fain
           ,
           not
           onely
           to
           remember
           him
           of
           it
           ,
           by
           petitions
           ,
           but
           oftentimes
           by
           arms
           and
           strength
           .
           And
           though
           there
           was
           in
           this
           Kings
           Raign
           twenty
           one
           Parliaments
           called
           ,
           and
           many
           great
           Subsidies
           granted
           ,
           in
           confirmation
           of
           their
           liberties
           ,
           yet
           every
           Parliament
           was
           no
           sooner
           dissolved
           ,
           but
           the
           ingagement
           ceased
           ;
           a
           hint
           of
           two
           or
           three
           special
           Parliaments
           ,
           and
           their
           success
           will
           not
           be
           amiss
           to
           be
           set
           down
           in
           this
           place
           .
        
         
           This
           
             King
          
           not
           being
           able
           to
           suppress
           the
           Barons
           and
           people
           by
           his
           own
           strength
           ,
           (
           they
           having
           gotten
           not
           onely
           heart
           ,
           but
           power
           )
           sends
           to
           forraign
           Nations
           for
           aid
           ,
           and
           entertains
           
             Poictovines
             ,
             Italians
             ,
             Almains
             ,
             Provincioes
          
           to
           subdue
           his
           own
           people
           ,
           and
           set
           them
           in
           great
           places
           ;
           which
           dangerous
           and
           desperate
           design
           the
           Barons
           much
           resenting
           ,
           raised
           their
           spirits
           ,
           and
           ingaged
           them
           in
           opposition
           to
           his
           Government
           ,
           and
           set
           them
           on
           with
           more
           courage
           to
           look
           after
           their
           liberties
           ;
           therefore
           they
           several
           times
           stand
           up
           against
           the
           violence
           of
           Prerogative
           ;
           but
           what
           through
           want
           of
           strength
           or
           caution
           they
           were
           commonly
           disappointed
           ;
           yet
           rather
           (
           if
           we
           may
           speak
           truly
           )
           from
           the
           unfaithfulness
           of
           the
           
             King
          
           then
           
           any
           other
           defect
           ,
           except
           it
           were
           their
           easiness
           to
           believe
           
             Kings
             ,
          
           when
           their
           Prerogative
           ,
           and
           the
           peoples
           liberties
           came
           in
           competition
           ;
           for
           after
           they
           had
           many
           times
           got
           ,
           or
           rather
           extorted
           many
           promises
           ,
           and
           confirmed
           them
           by
           oaths
           ,
           (
           the
           best
           humane
           security
           )
           they
           were
           put
           to
           new
           designs
           ,
           through
           either
           the
           suspention
           ,
           or
           breach
           of
           them
           ,
           witness
           these
           Instances
           ;
           after
           many
           foiles
           ▪
           and
           tedious
           and
           various
           delusions
           by
           this
           
             King
          
           (
           whose
           beams
           attracted
           most
           ,
           dazled
           others
           )
           the
           Barons
           ,
           and
           people
           (
           who
           were
           then
           unanimous
           through
           mutual
           oppressions
           )
           fall
           more
           close
           ,
           and
           severe
           on
           their
           principles
           ,
           and
           wil
           not
           endure
           either
           delays
           ,
           or
           delusions
           ,
           and
           therefore
           effectually
           to
           redress
           their
           grievances
           ,
           came
           very
           well
           armed
           to
           a
           Parliament
           then
           holden
           at
           
             Oxford
          
           (
           intended
           rather
           for
           getting
           Subsidies
           ,
           then
           removing
           oppressions
           )
           in
           which
           Assembly
           they
           put
           the
           King
           to
           it
           ,
           urge
           their
           former
           complaints
           with
           more
           zeal
           and
           reason
           ,
           and
           with
           an
           addition
           of
           a
           mighty
           Spirit
           ,
           demand
           the
           absolute
           confirmation
           of
           
             Magna
             Charta
             ,
          
           and
           in
           a
           larger
           edition
           (
           wherein
           are
           comprised
           those
           gallant
           priviledges
           of
           the
           Commons
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           which
           have
           yet
           been
           but
           kept
           by
           Ink
           ,
           and
           Parchment
           )
           and
           not
           trusting
           the
           King
           ,
           got
           his
           son
           ,
           Prince
           
             Edward
             ,
          
           to
           
           seal
           it
           ,
           with
           an
           addition
           of
           twenty
           four
           (
           some
           write
           twelve
           )
           Peers
           which
           
             Fabian
          
           stiles
           the
           
             douze
             Peeres
             ,
          
           not
           only
           to
           see
           these
           priviledges
           truly
           observed
           ,
           but
           to
           be
           as
           joynt
           Regents
           with
           the
           King
           ;
           and
           all
           the
           Lords
           ,
           and
           Bishops
           in
           Parliament
           took
           a
           like
           Oath
           ,
           to
           maintain
           these
           Articles
           inviolable
           ;
           yea
           ,
           and
           all
           that
           would
           have
           any
           benefit
           of
           residence
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           were
           enjoyned
           to
           take
           the
           same
           ;
           But
           these
           were
           too
           strict
           bonds
           for
           such
           a
           Princes
           wil
           ,
           he
           soon
           finding
           advantages
           (
           as
           he
           sought
           them
           )
           recals
           all
           ,
           gets
           a
           dispensation
           from
           the
           Pope
           for
           his
           forced
           Oath
           and
           to
           countenance
           his
           perjurie
           ▪
           and
           acts
           in
           the
           old
           account
           ;
           the
           Barons
           again
           stand
           up
           with
           the
           people
           stoutly
           for
           the
           performance
           of
           the
           Articles
           of
           
             Oxford
             ;
          
           and
           sometimes
           brought
           him
           into
           straits
           ;
           yea
           ,
           fully
           ▪
           defeated
           him
           in
           many
           
           bloody
           battles
           ,
           and
           regained
           the
           confirmation
           of
           the
           same
           laws
           ,
           with
           security
           ;
           that
           all
           the
           Castles
           throughout
           
             England
          
           should
           be
           delivered
           to
           the
           keeping
           of
           the
           Barons
           ,
           that
           the
           provisions
           of
           
             Oxford
          
           be
           inviolably
           preserved
           ,
           that
           all
           strangers
           should
           be
           dismist
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           but
           those
           which
           by
           generall
           consent
           should
           be
           thought
           fit
           to
           remain
           ;
           this
           necessitous
           act
           though
           as
           it
           gave
           the
           people
           some
           peace
           and
           hopes
           ,
           so
           it
           gave
           the
           King
           time
           to
           consider
           of
           new
           
             mediums
             ,
          
           and
           therefore
           still
           to
           delay
           ,
           and
           blind
           ,
           he
           Assembles
           a
           new
           
           Parliament
           at
           
             London
             ,
          
           where
           having
           (
           by
           the
           sprinkling
           of
           Court
           water
           )
           won
           many
           Lords
           to
           take
           his
           part
           ,
           begins
           to
           surprise
           as
           many
           of
           the
           Barons
           as
           he
           could
           get
           ,
           and
           spoiled
           their
           Castles
           and
           Houses
           ,
           that
           success
           and
           authority
           grows
           strong
           on
           his
           side
           ,
           and
           the
           Barons
           with
           some
           calme
           provisoes
           mediate
           a
           peace
           ,
           insisting
           onely
           in
           generall
           that
           the
           Articles
           of
           
             Oxford
          
           might
           be
           observed
           ;
           But
           the
           King
           relying
           on
           his
           strength
           ,
           defies
           them
           as
           Traitors
           ;
           which
           done
           ,
           the
           peoples
           two
           Generals
           ,
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Leicester
          
           and
           
             Glocester
             ,
          
           seeing
           no
           other
           means
           but
           to
           put
           it
           to
           a
           day
           ,
           supply
           their
           want
           of
           strength
           by
           their
           wit
           and
           diligence
           ,
           and
           carefully
           and
           artificially
           placing
           their
           battel
           (
           which
           was
           fought
           at
           the
           Town
           of
           
             Lewis
          
           in
           
             Sussex
          
           )
           overthrew
           the
           Kings
           Army
           ,
           took
           the
           King
           ,
           the
           Prince
           ,
           the
           Earl
           of
           
             Cornwal
             ,
          
           and
           his
           son
           
             Henry
             ,
          
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Arundel
             ,
             Hereford
             ,
          
           with
           many
           other
           Lords
           ,
           and
           Gentlemen
           ,
           both
           
             English
          
           and
           
             Scottish
             .
          
        
         
           And
           now
           having
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           Prince
           ,
           and
           most
           of
           the
           Nobles
           ,
           and
           a
           new
           confirmation
           of
           all
           ,
           one
           would
           think
           the
           great
           Charter
           was
           out
           of
           danger
           ,
           either
           of
           blotting
           or
           razing
           ;
           especially
           if
           we
           consider
           the
           solemnities
           formerly
           used
           in
           the
           ratification
           of
           it
           ,
           (
           as
           
             Daniel
          
           excellently
           relates
           it
           in
           his
           history
           ,
           
             p.
          
           169.
           )
           The
           people
           knowing
           that
           no
           civil
           promises
           ,
           or
           verbal
           professions
           would
           hold
           in
           Kings
           raptured
           by
           Prerogative
           ▪
           &
           devoted
           to
           perjury
           to
           maintain
           their
           tyranny
           ,
           take
           a
           more
           Ecclesiasticall
           and
           divine
           way
           of
           obligation
           ,
           swearing
           to
           excommunicate
           all
           that
           should
           be
           found
           infringers
           of
           that
           Charter
           ;
           when
           the
           people
           with
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           great
           Nobility
           were
           assembled
           with
           all
           the
           Prelates
           ,
           and
           the
           chief
           Bishops
           in
           their
           reverent
           ornaments
           (
           with
           burning
           Candles
           in
           their
           hands
           )
           to
           receive
           that
           dreadfull
           sentence
           ;
           the
           King
           having
           one
           great
           Candle
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           gives
           it
           to
           a
           Prelate
           that
           stood
           by
           ,
           saying
           ,
           it
           becomes
           not
           me
           being
           no
           Priest
           to
           hold
           this
           Candle
           ,
           my
           heart
           shall
           be
           a
           greater
           testimony
           ;
           and
           withall
           laid
           his
           hand
           spred
           on
           his
           breast
           all
           the
           while
           the
           sentence
           was
           pronouncing
           ,
           which
           was
           
             Authoritato
             omnipotentis
             Dei
             ,
             &c.
          
           which
           done
           ,
           he
           caused
           the
           Charter
           of
           King
           
             John
          
           his
           Father
           to
           be
           read
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           end
           having
           thrown
           away
           their
           Candles
           (
           which
           lay
           smoaking
           on
           the
           ground
           )
           they
           cryed
           out
           ,
           
             so
             let
             them
             that
             incurre
             this
             sentence
             be
             extinct
             and
             stinck
             in
             Hell
             ;
          
           And
           the
           King
           with
           a
           loud
           voice
           said
           ,
           
             As
             God
             help
             ,
             I
             will
             ,
             as
             I
             am
             a
             man
             ,
             a
             Christian
             ,
             a
             Knight
             ,
             a
             King
             Crowned
             and
             Annointed
             ,
             inviolably
             observe
             these
             things
             .
          
           Never
           were
           Laws
           saith
           he
           (
           whose
           words
           express
           
           the
           thing
           most
           emphatically
           )
           amongst
           men
           (
           except
           those
           holy
           Commandments
           from
           the
           Mount
           )
           established
           with
           more
           Majestie
           of
           Ceremony
           ,
           to
           make
           them
           reverenced
           ,
           and
           respected
           ,
           then
           these
           were
           ;
           they
           wanted
           but
           thunder
           ,
           and
           lightning
           from
           heaven
           ,
           (
           which
           likewise
           if
           prayers
           could
           have
           effected
           they
           would
           have
           had
           it
           )
           to
           make
           the
           sentence
           ghastly
           ,
           and
           hideous
           to
           the
           breakers
           of
           it
           ;
           the
           greatest
           security
           that
           could
           be
           given
           was
           an
           Oath
           (
           the
           onely
           chain
           on
           earth
           besides
           love
           ,
           to
           tye
           the
           conscience
           of
           a
           man
           ,
           and
           humane
           societie
           together
           )
           which
           should
           it
           not
           hold
           us
           ,
           all
           the
           frame
           of
           Government
           must
           needs
           fall
           quite
           asunder
           ;
           yet
           so
           (
           almost
           a
           miracle
           (
           though
           over
           common
           among
           our
           Kings
           ,
           saith
           Master
           
             Prin
          
           out
           of
           
             Mat.
             Paris
          
           )
           the
           Parliament
           being
           thus
           dissolved
           (
           by
           a
           sacred
           
           and
           most
           solemn
           conclusion
           )
           the
           King
           presently
           studies
           how
           to
           infringe
           all
           the
           premises
           ,
           his
           Parasites
           telling
           him
           the
           Pope
           could
           soon
           absolve
           him
           for
           a
           summ
           of
           mony
           ,
           which
           afterwards
           the
           Pope
           did
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           returned
           to
           his
           former
           oppressive
           courses
           with
           more
           violence
           ,
           and
           hardness
           ;
           and
           taking
           advantage
           by
           the
           division
           of
           the
           Barons
           ,
           two
           Generals
           ,
           the
           Earls
           of
           
             Leicester
          
           and
           
             Glocester
             ,
          
           the
           latter
           of
           which
           joyned
           with
           the
           young
           Prince
           
             Edward
             ,
          
           and
           Sir
           
             Roger
             Mortimer
          
           the
           Kings
           wicked
           Counsellor
           ,
           a
           new
           and
           potent
           Army
           is
           raised
           by
           them
           ,
           against
           the
           Earl
           of
           
             Leicester
          
           (
           who
           had
           the
           King
           prisoner
           )
           and
           those
           which
           kept
           constant
           with
           him
           for
           the
           Peoples
           Liberties
           ;
           and
           he
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Barons
           ,
           are
           overthrown
           ;
           and
           immediately
           after
           a
           Parliament
           is
           called
           ,
           and
           all
           these
           laws
           and
           decrees
           made
           voyd
           ;
           and
           that
           Parliament
           held
           at
           
             Oxford
             ,
          
           wherein
           all
           these
           Laws
           were
           first
           confirmed
           by
           him
           ,
           called
           
             Insanum
             Parliamentum
             ,
          
           the
           mad
           Parliament
           ;
           and
           all
           these
           Patents
           ,
           Commissions
           or
           Instruments
           made
           to
           ratifie
           these
           Articles
           ,
           were
           brought
           forth
           ,
           and
           solemnly
           damned
           ;
           and
           so
           bright
           and
           resplendent
           did
           Prerogative
           break
           forth
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           Proclaimed
           Treason
           in
           any
           but
           to
           speak
           or
           mention
           any
           of
           these
           Grants
           with
           the
           least
           approbation
           ;
           and
           because
           the
           City
           of
           
             London
          
           had
           engaged
           with
           the
           Barons
           and
           People
           as
           a
           principal
           part
           of
           the
           whole
           ,
           he
           would
           needs
           have
           burnt
           the
           City
           ,
           had
           not
           some
           wise
           and
           potent
           Favorites
           interposed
           ,
           and
           yet
           they
           could
           hardly
           disswade
           him
           from
           that
           barbarous
           and
           impolitick
           wickednesse
           ;
           But
           what
           he
           spared
           in
           their
           houses
           ,
           that
           he
           gott
           out
           of
           their
           purses
           ,
           and
           made
           up
           all
           his
           losses
           with
           a
           thorough
           subjection
           of
           their
           persons
           ,
           and
           suppression
           of
           their
           liberties
           .
           I
           need
           relate
           no
           more
           of
           this
           King
           ,
           nor
           make
           observations
           ,
           
           the
           Reader
           will
           be
           amazed
           at
           the
           repetition
           ;
           he
           at
           least
           20
           times
           gave
           his
           promise
           for
           the
           confirmation
           ,
           &
           execution
           of
           these
           just
           decrees
           (
           contained
           in
           
             Magna
             Charta
          
           )
           and
           as
           many
           times
           was
           perjured
           ,
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           solemnities
           ,
           both
           Civil
           ,
           Moral
           ,
           and
           Ecclesiastical
           ,
           used
           in
           the
           acts
           of
           ratification
           ;
           this
           may
           learn
           us
           how
           to
           trust
           the
           most
           positive
           Engagements
           of
           Princes
           ,
           which
           cross
           their
           own
           interest
           ,
           and
           what
           to
           think
           of
           that
           word
           and
           promise
           they
           call
           Royall
           ;
           this
           King
           reigned
           fifty
           six
           years
           ,
           the
           longest
           of
           any
           King
           of
           
             England
             :
          
           But
           we
           have
           had
           too
           much
           of
           the
           story
           of
           him
           ,
           as
           he
           had
           too
           long
           a
           time
           to
           rule
           ,
           considering
           his
           temper
           ,
           and
           design
           .
           It
           s
           well
           if
           we
           can
           be
           wary
           for
           the
           future
           ,
           and
           be
           more
           cautious
           then
           to
           trust
           the
           most
           promising
           and
           insinuating
           Princes
           with
           our
           liberties
           ,
           and
           priviledges
           ,
           which
           can
           be
           no
           longer
           expected
           to
           be
           preserved
           by
           them
           ,
           then
           they
           may
           serve
           as
           footstools
           to
           advance
           them
           in
           the
           Throne
           of
           absolute
           Majesty
           ,
           But
           no
           more
           of
           this
           King
           ;
           never
           were
           there
           more
           hard
           strivings
           and
           wrestlings
           between
           tyranny
           and
           liberty
           ,
           with
           such
           bad
           success
           to
           the
           people
           ;
           I
           onely
           conclude
           his
           raign
           with
           the
           exhortation
           of
           the
           Psalmist
           ,
           
             Psal.
             146.
             3.
             
             O
             put
             not
             your
             confidence
             in
             Princes
             ,
          
           surely
           men
           of
           high
           degree
           are
           a
           lye
           .
        
         
           King
           
             Henry
          
           is
           by
           this
           time
           layd
           in
           his
           grave
           ,
           and
           one
           would
           think
           
             Magna
             Charta
          
           buried
           with
           him
           ;
           His
           Son
           
             Edward
             ,
          
           who
           was
           his
           right-hand
           in
           his
           wars
           against
           the
           Barons
           ,
           and
           the
           principal
           Agent
           in
           their
           ruine
           ,
           succeeds
           him
           in
           the
           throne
           ;
           and
           instead
           of
           lessening
           goes
           on
           and
           makes
           an
           higher
           improvement
           of
           that
           royalty
           which
           his
           Father
           left
           him
           ;
           having
           in
           his
           own
           person
           got
           the
           victory
           over
           the
           Peoples
           Libertyes
           in
           his
           Fathers
           time
           ,
           and
           having
           wonne
           or
           worne
           out
           the
           greatest
           of
           those
           which
           opposed
           ,
           and
           being
           long
           experienced
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           so
           secured
           and
           advanced
           the
           Prerogative
           ,
           that
           as
           one
           sayth
           ,
           he
           seemed
           to
           be
           the
           first
           conqueror
           after
           the
           Conqueror
           that
           got
           the
           domination
           of
           this
           State
           in
           so
           absolute
           and
           eminent
           a
           manner
           ,
           as
           by
           his
           government
           appears
           ;
           He
           layd
           unsupportable
           Taxes
           both
           on
           the
           Clergy
           and
           Laity
           ,
           even
           unto
           Fiveteens
           and
           halfs
           of
           their
           Estates
           ▪
           As
           for
           Tenths
           ,
           that
           was
           comparatively
           accounted
           easy
           ;
           the
           Barons
           and
           People
           for
           a
           long
           time
           durst
           not
           move
           for
           removal
           of
           greivances
           ,
           untill
           that
           the
           King
           (
           being
           always
           in
           wars
           in
           
             France
             ,
             Flanders
             ,
             Wales
          
           and
           
             Scotland
             ,
          
           and
           so
           needed
           continually
           vast
           sums
           of
           mony
           )
           called
           a
           Parliament
           wherein
           he
           demanded
           a
           great
           treasure
           of
           mony
           from
           the
           People
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           give
           them
           
           somewhat
           in
           lieu
           of
           their
           expences
           ,
           confirmed
           the
           two
           great
           Charters
           on
           the
           Petition
           of
           the
           Barons
           and
           People
           ,
           (
           and
           so
           stopped
           their
           mouths
           )
           and
           this
           he
           did
           as
           often
           as
           he
           had
           extraordinary
           occasions
           for
           mony
           ;
           But
           (
           like
           all
           other
           royall
           promises
           )
           they
           were
           performed
           by
           leasure
           .
           Never
           was
           Royalty
           more
           Majestick
           and
           glorious
           then
           in
           this
           Kings
           raign
           ,
           and
           the
           people
           less
           able
           to
           oppose
           ;
           he
           was
           always
           so
           watchful
           and
           eager
           to
           enlarge
           his
           own
           power
           ;
           I
           shall
           end
           his
           raign
           also
           with
           what
           
             Daniel
          
           that
           impartiall
           and
           witty
           Historian
           saith
           of
           him
           ,
           He
           was
           more
           for
           the
           greatness
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           then
           the
           quiet
           of
           it
           ;
           and
           never
           
             King
          
           before
           or
           since
           (
           
             except
             our
             last
             Charls
          
           )
           shed
           so
           much
           Christian
           bloud
           within
           this
           Isle
           of
           
             Britain
             ,
          
           and
           was
           the
           cause
           of
           more
           in
           that
           following
           ,
           and
           not
           one
           grain
           of
           benefit
           procured
           unto
           the
           people
           by
           all
           their
           expences
           on
           him
           ,
           which
           was
           but
           to
           make
           themselves
           more
           perfect
           slayes
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           
             King
          
           was
           
             Edward
          
           the
           Second
           his
           Son
           ,
           who
           though
           more
           vicious
           then
           the
           Father
           ,
           yet
           not
           more
           tyrannicall
           ;
           he
           gave
           more
           advantage
           to
           the
           people
           thorough
           his
           lewd
           life
           and
           unmartiall
           nature
           ,
           to
           seek
           the
           confirmation
           and
           establishment
           of
           
             Magna
             Charta
             ,
          
           and
           other
           good
           Laws
           which
           were
           utterly
           supprest
           ,
           and
           darkened
           in
           his
           Fathers
           reign
           .
           This
           Prince
           gave
           himself
           over
           to
           all
           wicked
           courses
           ,
           and
           surrendred
           his
           Judgement
           ,
           and
           the
           management
           of
           all
           affairs
           of
           State
           unto
           evill
           and
           corrupt
           Counsellors
           ;
           especially
           to
           one
           
             Peirce
             Gaveston
             ,
          
           who
           had
           both
           his
           ear
           and
           heart
           ,
           unto
           whom
           he
           was
           so
           much
           endeared
           ,
           that
           he
           ventured
           the
           loss
           of
           
             Kingdom
             ,
          
           and
           all
           the
           hearts
           of
           his
           Subjects
           for
           his
           company
           ,
           and
           preservation
           ;
           and
           though
           the
           Barons
           had
           by
           often
           Petitions
           ,
           and
           earnest
           sollicitations
           prevailed
           with
           the
           King
           to
           banish
           him
           ,
           yet
           he
           soon
           after
           sent
           for
           him
           home
           ,
           and
           laid
           him
           more
           nigh
           his
           bosom
           then
           before
           ;
           on
           this
           the
           Barons
           raise
           an
           army
           against
           the
           King
           ;
           and
           send
           him
           word
           ,
           that
           unless
           he
           would
           observe
           the
           late
           Articles
           (
           which
           they
           had
           formerly
           by
           much
           ▪
           ado
           got
           him
           to
           sign
           in
           Parliament
           )
           and
           put
           from
           him
           
             Pierce
             Gaveston
             ,
          
           they
           would
           rise
           in
           Arms
           against
           him
           as
           a
           perjured
           Prince
           ;
           the
           
             King
          
           (
           whom
           they
           found
           ,
           was
           apt
           to
           be
           terrified
           )
           yeilds
           again
           to
           his
           banishment
           ,
           with
           this
           clause
           ,
           that
           if
           he
           were
           found
           again
           within
           the
           
             Kingdom
          
           he
           should
           be
           condemned
           to
           death
           as
           an
           enemy
           of
           the
           State
           :
           All
           places
           were
           now
           dangerous
           to
           
             Gaveston
             ;
          
           both
           
             Ireland
          
           (
           where
           he
           formerly
           was
           protected
           )
           &
           
             France
          
           also
           too
           hot
           for
           him
           ;
           in
           this
           extremity
           ,
           finding
           no
           security
           anywhere
           else
           ,
           he
           again
           adventures
           on
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           puts
           himself
           once
           again
           into
           the
           
             Kings
          
           
           bosom
           (
           a
           Sanctuary
           which
           he
           thought
           would
           not
           be
           polluted
           with
           blood
           )
           and
           there
           he
           is
           received
           with
           as
           great
           joy
           as
           ever
           man
           could
           be
           ;
           the
           Lords
           with
           more
           violence
           prosecute
           their
           suite
           to
           the
           
             King
          
           for
           delivering
           up
           ▪
           or
           removing
           him
           once
           more
           ;
           but
           to
           no
           purpose
           ;
           they
           therefore
           set
           forwards
           with
           an
           Army
           ,
           say
           siege
           to
           the
           Castle
           wherein
           
             Gaveston
          
           was
           ,
           took
           him
           ,
           and
           notwithstanding
           the
           
             Kings
          
           earnest
           sollicitation
           for
           his
           life
           ,
           they
           condemned
           him
           to
           the
           block
           ,
           and
           took
           off
           his
           head
           ;
           this
           obstacle
           being
           removed
           out
           of
           the
           way
           ,
           the
           Lords
           having
           now
           the
           better
           end
           of
           the
           staff
           make
           advantages
           of
           it
           for
           demanding
           the
           confirmation
           ,
           and
           execution
           of
           all
           those
           Articles
           formerly
           granted
           ,
           threatning
           the
           
             King
             ,
          
           that
           if
           he
           would
           not
           consent
           to
           it
           ,
           they
           would
           force
           him
           by
           a
           strong
           hand
           ;
           with
           this
           message
           they
           had
           their
           swords
           also
           drawn
           ,
           and
           march
           towards
           
             London
             :
          
           A
           Parliament
           is
           called
           ,
           where
           the
           
             King
             ,
          
           after
           a
           submission
           by
           the
           Lords
           to
           him
           ,
           for
           that
           act
           done
           against
           
             Gaveston
             ,
          
           contrary
           to
           his
           consent
           ,
           and
           will
           ,
           grants
           the
           Articles
           and
           pardon
           to
           them
           .
           But
           the
           
             King
          
           goes
           on
           his
           old
           way
           ,
           adheres
           to
           wicked
           counsel
           (
           waving
           the
           grave
           advice
           of
           his
           Parliament
           )
           and
           is
           ruled
           by
           the
           two
           
             Spencers
             ,
          
           who
           acted
           with
           mighty
           strain
           of
           injustice
           ,
           which
           caused
           the
           Lords
           again
           to
           take
           up
           arms
           ,
           and
           stand
           for
           their
           Liberties
           ,
           but
           are
           ,
           through
           the
           revolt
           of
           some
           ,
           and
           the
           treachery
           of
           others
           overthrown
           at
           
             Burton
          
           upon
           
             Trent
             ,
          
           and
           two
           and
           twenty
           Noblemen
           ,
           the
           greatest
           Peers
           in
           the
           Realm
           executed
           in
           several
           places
           for
           nothing
           but
           opposing
           his
           evil
           Counsellors
           ▪
           this
           was
           the
           first
           blood
           of
           Nobility
           that
           ever
           was
           shed
           in
           this
           manner
           in
           
             England
          
           since
           
             William
          
           the
           first
           ,
           which
           being
           so
           much
           ,
           opened
           veines
           for
           more
           to
           follow
           ;
           and
           now
           the
           beam
           of
           power
           being
           turned
           ,
           regality
           weighs
           down
           all
           .
           But
           by
           degrees
           ,
           through
           the
           continuation
           of
           his
           ill
           government
           ,
           whereby
           he
           daily
           lost
           the
           peoples
           hearts
           ,
           the
           Lords
           get
           an
           Army
           ,
           and
           take
           the
           King
           prisoner
           ,
           and
           by
           generall
           consent
           in
           Parliament
           deposed
           him
           as
           a
           tyrant
           ,
           and
           elected
           his
           son
           
             Edward
          
           the
           third
           to
           succeed
           ,
           and
           his
           son
           was
           crowned
           before
           his
           eyes
           .
           Thus
           ended
           his
           raign
           ,
           but
           not
           his
           life
           .
        
         
           Poor
           
             England
          
           which
           had
           laboured
           so
           long
           and
           successively
           under
           so
           many
           tyrants
           ,
           and
           had
           contested
           so
           long
           with
           Royalty
           for
           their
           dearly
           purchased
           liberties
           ,
           might
           now
           hopefully
           expect
           at
           least
           a
           dawning
           of
           Reformation
           ,
           especially
           when
           they
           had
           got
           so
           much
           power
           as
           to
           depose
           Authority
           ;
           and
           began
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           ,
           on
           a
           new
           account
           ;
           and
           the
           truth
           is
           ,
           affairs
           were
           now
           promising
           ,
           and
           
           distempers
           seemed
           to
           wear
           away
           with
           the
           former
           Governor
           ;
           yet
           the
           condition
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           had
           but
           a
           new
           face
           on
           it
           ,
           and
           grievances
           were
           rather
           not
           aggravated
           or
           multiplied
           then
           any
           whit
           removed
           ,
           and
           oppressions
           may
           be
           rather
           said
           to
           be
           changed
           from
           one
           shoulder
           to
           another
           then
           abolished
           .
        
         
           Prince
           
             Edward
          
           who
           succeeded
           ,
           who
           was
           crowned
           in
           his
           fathers
           life
           ,
           had
           observance
           enough
           to
           remember
           his
           fate
           ,
           and
           was
           much
           warned
           by
           it
           ,
           both
           to
           prevent
           and
           suppress
           insurrections
           ,
           knowing
           by
           experience
           the
           full
           state
           of
           the
           controversie
           ,
           and
           therefore
           began
           his
           Government
           very
           fairely
           ,
           and
           with
           much
           applause
           ;
           onely
           to
           prevent
           factions
           ,
           and
           sidings
           ,
           he
           privately
           caused
           his
           father
           ,
           the
           deposed
           
             King
          
           to
           be
           cruelly
           murdered
           ,
           and
           so
           sate
           more
           securely
           ,
           though
           with
           more
           guilt
           upon
           the
           Throne
           ;
           his
           raign
           was
           fifty
           years
           ,
           &
           odd
           months
           ,
           the
           longest
           next
           
             Hen.
          
           the
           third
           ;
           he
           spent
           most
           of
           his
           time
           in
           the
           wars
           of
           
             France
          
           to
           regain
           his
           titile
           to
           that
           Crown
           ,
           which
           the
           poor
           Subject
           felt
           in
           their
           estate
           and
           families
           ,
           and
           it
           was
           a
           happiness
           (
           say
           some
           )
           that
           he
           was
           so
           much
           abroad
           ;
           for
           when
           ever
           he
           came
           home
           ,
           as
           he
           wanted
           money
           to
           supply
           his
           expences
           ,
           so
           the
           people
           got
           ground
           to
           urge
           their
           Priviledges
           ,
           &
           
             Magna
             Charta
          
           was
           at
           least
           twelve
           times
           ratified
           in
           this
           Kings
           Raign
           ,
           and
           so
           often
           broken
           ;
           yet
           because
           he
           goes
           under
           the
           name
           of
           the
           best
           Prince
           that
           raigned
           so
           long
           ,
           and
           so
           well
           ,
           let
           the
           Reader
           take
           but
           an
           Instance
           or
           two
           concerning
           his
           engagements
           to
           perform
           the
           grand
           Charter
           .
           This
           King
           in
           the
           first
           Parliament
           made
           the
           fifteenth
           year
           of
           his
           raign
           ,
           had
           granted
           the
           enacting
           of
           divers
           wholsom
           and
           seasonable
           Laws
           ,
           which
           he
           willed
           and
           ingaged
           unto
           for
           him
           and
           his
           heirs
           ,
           that
           they
           should
           
             be
             firmly
             kept
             ,
             and
             remain
             inviolable
          
           
           
             for
             ever
             ,
          
           for
           the
           ratification
           of
           
             Magna
             Charta
             ,
          
           and
           other
           good
           Laws
           formerly
           enacted
           ;
           and
           that
           all
           the
           Officers
           of
           State
           ,
           as
           Chancellor
           ,
           Treasurer
           ,
           Barons
           of
           the
           Exchequer
           ,
           Judges
           ,
           
             &c.
          
           should
           at
           that
           present
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           for
           ever
           after
           ,
           take
           a
           solemn
           oath
           before
           their
           admission
           to
           their
           Offices
           ,
           to
           keep
           and
           maintain
           the
           point
           of
           the
           great
           Charter
           ,
           and
           the
           Charter
           of
           the
           Forrest
           ,
           
             &c.
             
          
           But
           no
           sooner
           was
           the
           Parliament
           dissolved
           ,
           but
           the
           very
           same
           year
           he
           publikely
           revoked
           these
           Statutes
           ,
           pretending
           
             that
             they
             were
             contrary
             to
             the
             Laws
             and
             Customs
             of
             the
             Realm
             ,
             and
             to
             his
             Prerogative
             and
             Rights
             Royal
             ,
             &c.
          
           wherefore
           we
           are
           willing
           (
           saith
           he
           )
           providently
           to
           revoke
           these
           things
           we
           have
           so
           improvidently
           done
           ;
           
             because
          
           (
           saith
           he
           )
           marke
           the
           dissimulation
           of
           Princes
           even
           in
           Parliaments
           )
           
             We
             never
             really
             consented
             to
             the
             making
             of
             such
             Statutes
             ,
          
           
           but
           as
           then
           it
           behoved
           
             Vs
             ,
             We
             dissembled
             in
             the
             Premises
             ,
          
           by
           Protestations
           of
           revocation
           ,
           if
           indeed
           they
           should
           proceed
           to
           secure
           the
           dangers
           ,
           which
           by
           denying
           the
           same
           we
           feared
           to
           come
           ,
           with
           many
           more
           such
           passages
           ;
           and
           yet
           this
           King
           is
           the
           Phoenix
           of
           our
           more
           antient
           Monarchs
           ;
           but
           the
           Reader
           may
           still
           learn
           what
           the
           best
           of
           our
           Princes
           have
           been
           ,
           and
           what
           weak
           assurances
           any
           ingagements
           from
           them
           are
           where
           power
           is
           wanting
           from
           them
           ,
           and
           advantages
           present
           to
           them
           .
        
         
           Another
           instance
           of
           his
           actings
           we
           may
           take
           up
           from
           the
           successe
           of
           his
           first
           siege
           of
           
             Tourney
          
           in
           
             France
             ;
          
           having
           laid
           on
           heavy
           and
           excessive
           taxes
           to
           maintain
           that
           war
           ,
           and
           the
           people
           seeing
           no
           fruits
           of
           all
           promises
           for
           executing
           the
           Articles
           of
           
             Magna
             Charta
             ,
          
           they
           refuse
           to
           pay
           any
           more
           ,
           without
           more
           faithfull
           performance
           of
           his
           Vows
           ,
           and
           solemn
           engagements
           to
           them
           ,
           whereby
           he
           wanting
           mony
           was
           fain
           to
           quit
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           return
           for
           
             England
             ,
          
           full
           of
           revengefull
           thoughts
           ,
           and
           in
           much
           fury
           breaths
           out
           destruction
           to
           all
           the
           refusers
           ;
           But
           the
           Arch-Bishop
           of
           
             Canterbury
          
           told
           him
           publikely
           ,
           but
           plainly
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           oftentimes
           as
           well
           as
           his
           Father
           offered
           manifest
           violences
           to
           the
           Liberties
           of
           the
           
             English
          
           Nation
           ,
           comprehended
           in
           that
           grand
           Charter
           ,
           and
           if
           he
           expected
           Subsidies
           ,
           from
           the
           people
           ,
           he
           must
           more
           carefully
           maintain
           their
           priviledges
           so
           justly
           due
           .
           But
           the
           
             King
          
           vexed
           with
           such
           language
           ,
           both
           storms
           against
           the
           Arch-Bishop
           ,
           and
           as
           much
           as
           possibly
           he
           then
           could
           ,
           sought
           the
           ruine
           of
           all
           that
           had
           made
           any
           refusall
           of
           payment
           of
           these
           taxes
           ,
           although
           he
           had
           not
           in
           any
           manner
           performed
           his
           own
           promises
           .
           Yet
           I
           will
           end
           his
           raign
           ,
           because
           he
           hath
           a
           name
           of
           a
           good
           
             King
             .
          
           (
           though
           as
           
             Speed
          
           saith
           ,
           by
           the
           Generall
           vote
           of
           Historians
           ,
           he
           committed
           many
           foul
           errors
           in
           his
           government
           )
           with
           a
           good
           act
           he
           did
           at
           the
           fiftieth
           yeer
           of
           his
           age
           (
           which
           he
           kept
           as
           his
           Jubilee
           )
           he
           called
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           there
           freely
           heard
           the
           grievances
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           redressed
           many
           ,
           especially
           a
           Petition
           of
           the
           Commons
           against
           the
           doublings
           of
           Lawyers
           ;
           he
           caused
           the
           pleas
           which
           were
           before
           in
           
             French
          
           to
           be
           made
           in
           
             English
             ;
             a
             necessary
             Law
          
           (
           saith
           
             Speed
          
           )
           if
           it
           had
           been
           as
           carefully
           observed
           ;
           especially
           if
           he
           had
           ordered
           (
           saith
           he
           )
           that
           the
           same
           should
           not
           have
           been
           written
           in
           
             French
             ,
             That
             the
             Subject
             might
             understand
             the
             Law
             ,
             by
             which
             he
             holds
             what
             he
             hath
             ,
             and
             is
             to
             know
             what
             he
             doth
             .
          
           But
           all
           this
           is
           not
           for
           nothing
           ;
           for
           as
           he
           imparted
           grace
           unto
           his
           people
           (
           saith
           the
           same
           Auther
           )
           for
           so
           all
           acts
           of
           Justice
           are
           termed
           ,
           wh●n
           granted
           by
           Kings
           ,
           
           so
           he
           took
           a
           care
           to
           replenish
           his
           own
           purse
           by
           it
           ,
           that
           the
           poor
           Commons
           obtain
           not
           any
           thing
           which
           they
           pay
           not
           too
           dearly
           for
           .
        
         
           Here
           ends
           the
           Life
           of
           the
           best
           reputed
           Prince
           ;
           and
           yet
           you
           see
           wherein
           his
           excellency
           lay
           ;
           the
           best
           happiness
           the
           people
           had
           in
           his
           raign
           ,
           was
           ▪
           that
           they
           had
           more
           engagements
           for
           their
           liberties
           with
           more
           cost
           ,
           and
           the
           remembrances
           and
           sense
           of
           the
           goodness
           of
           them
           more
           fresh
           and
           sweet
           by
           the
           often
           repetition
           of
           them
           ;
           but
           for
           execution
           or
           addition
           to
           them
           ,
           they
           were
           as
           far
           to
           seek
           as
           in
           former
           times
           .
           And
           if
           it
           do
           possibly
           happen
           that
           in
           one
           Kings
           raign
           either
           through
           the
           goodness
           of
           his
           nature
           ,
           or
           rather
           want
           of
           advantages
           ,
           there
           be
           an
           intermission
           of
           oppressions
           ,
           (
           for
           that
           is
           the
           utmost
           to
           be
           expected
           )
           yet
           the
           next
           King
           will
           be
           sure
           to
           make
           it
           up
           ,
           and
           if
           they
           give
           the
           people
           a
           little
           breath
           ,
           it
           s
           but
           that
           they
           may
           sow
           for
           the
           next
           to
           reap
           ,
           or
           as
           they
           do
           with
           men
           on
           the
           rack
           ,
           let
           them
           down
           ,
           and
           give
           them
           cordials
           ,
           and
           spiritfull
           liquors
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           be
           the
           longer
           and
           more
           sensibly
           tormented
           ;
           which
           was
           made
           good
           in
           the
           next
           Kings
           raign
           ,
           
             viz.
             Richard
          
           the
           Second
           ,
           who
           presently
           dashes
           and
           utterly
           nips
           these
           blossoms
           that
           sprung
           out
           in
           the
           former
           Kings
           raign
           ,
           devoting
           himself
           to
           all
           uncivill
           and
           lewd
           courses
           ,
           and
           to
           enable
           him
           the
           better
           unto
           it
           ,
           layes
           on
           sad
           and
           miserable
           taxes
           on
           the
           people
           without
           so
           much
           as
           a
           mention
           or
           hint
           of
           their
           liberties
           ,
           and
           as
           the
           parallel
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           second
           ,
           both
           lived
           and
           died
           ;
           It
           s
           enough
           to
           decypher
           his
           raign
           by
           his
           end
           ;
           for
           he
           was
           deposed
           by
           the
           universal
           consent
           of
           the
           people
           in
           Parliament
           as
           a
           tyrannical
           ,
           and
           cruel
           Governor
           ,
           and
           not
           a
           good
           word
           spoken
           of
           him
           to
           commend
           him
           in
           his
           Government
           ,
           and
           its
           pitty
           to
           aggravate
           his
           misery
           after
           his
           death
           ,
           and
           yet
           (
           as
           we
           say
           )
           
             Seldom
             comes
             a
             better
             ;
          
           when
           one
           is
           cut
           off
           ,
           another
           like
           the
           Hidra's
           head
           springs
           up
           in
           his
           place
           .
           
             Henry
          
           the
           fourth
           who
           overthrew
           him
           in
           battel
           ,
           and
           was
           made
           
             King
          
           in
           his
           stead
           (
           though
           by
           a
           wrong
           title
           )
           at
           first
           promised
           the
           new
           modelling
           of
           Laws
           to
           the
           peoples
           ease
           ,
           and
           did
           ,
           as
           in
           a
           complement
           (
           rather
           to
           secure
           his
           title
           ,
           then
           out
           of
           affection
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           or
           sense
           of
           his
           relation
           )
           redress
           many
           grievances
           ,
           which
           were
           more
           gross
           and
           less
           concerning
           the
           Common-wealth
           ;
           and
           as
           he
           did
           strive
           by
           these
           common
           acts
           to
           engage
           the
           people
           to
           him
           ,
           so
           (
           as
           one
           that
           had
           continuall
           sence
           of
           guilt
           on
           him
           )
           he
           got
           the
           deposed
           King
           to
           be
           barbarously
           murthered
           in
           the
           Castle
           of
           
             Pomfret
             ,
          
           that
           no
           competition
           might
           endanger
           his
           title
           by
           his
           life
           ;
           He
           spent
           most
           of
           his
           raign
           
           incontinuall
           wars
           about
           his
           title
           ,
           and
           was
           often
           opposed
           as
           both
           a
           Tyrant
           and
           Usurper
           ;
           but
           he
           still
           got
           ground
           on
           both
           the
           liberties
           and
           laws
           formerly
           granted
           ;
           yet
           not
           so
           sensibly
           as
           in
           the
           former
           Kings
           raigns
           ,
           that
           the
           people
           may
           be
           said
           to
           have
           a
           little
           respite
           from
           the
           violence
           &
           heighth
           of
           Prerogative
           by
           him
           ;
           but
           they
           may
           thank
           the
           unjustness
           ,
           and
           brittleness
           of
           his
           title
           ,
           for
           that
           he
           being
           more
           in
           fear
           of
           of
           loosing
           it
           ,
           then
           out
           of
           love
           with
           the
           excess
           of
           his
           ancestors
           .
           I
           shall
           only
           add
           one
           story
           to
           conclude
           this
           Kings
           raign
           ,
           which
           is
           universally
           reported
           by
           most
           of
           our
           Historians
           ,
           worth
           observation
           ,
           because
           it
           hath
           much
           of
           ingenuity
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           because
           they
           were
           his
           dying
           words
           ;
           Being
           cast
           into
           an
           Apoplexie
           ,
           and
           nigh
           his
           end
           ,
           he
           caused
           his
           Crown
           to
           be
           placed
           by
           him
           on
           his
           Pillow
           ,
           least
           in
           the
           extremity
           of
           his
           sickness
           it
           might
           have
           been
           delivered
           to
           some
           other
           ,
           who
           had
           better
           right
           thereunto
           then
           he
           had
           ;
           But
           when
           his
           attendants
           ,
           (
           through
           the
           violence
           of
           his
           distemper
           ,
           supposed
           him
           to
           be
           dead
           ,
           the
           young
           Prince
           of
           
             Wales
          
           seised
           on
           his
           Crown
           ,
           whereat
           the
           King
           started
           up
           raising
           himself
           on
           his
           arms
           ,
           demanded
           who
           it
           was
           that
           had
           so
           boldly
           taken
           away
           the
           Crown
           ?
           the
           Prince
           answered
           that
           it
           was
           he
           ;
           the
           King
           fell
           back
           into
           his
           bed
           ,
           and
           fetching
           a
           deep
           sigh
           ,
           and
           sending
           forth
           many
           a
           pensive
           groan
           ,
           replyes
           thus
           ;
           my
           son
           ,
           what
           right
           I
           had
           to
           this
           Crown
           ;
           and
           how
           I
           have
           enjoyed
           it
           ,
           God
           knows
           ,
           and
           the
           world
           hath
           seen
           ;
           But
           the
           Prince
           ,
           (
           ambitious
           enough
           of
           a
           Diadem
           )
           answered
           him
           thus
           ;
           Comfort
           your self
           in
           God
           (
           good
           Father
           )
           ;
           the
           Crown
           you
           have
           ;
           and
           if
           you
           die
           ,
           I
           will
           have
           jt
           and
           keep
           it
           with
           my
           Sword
           as
           you
           have
           done
           ;
           and
           so
           he
           did
           soon
           after
           ,
           maintaining
           his
           Fathers
           injustice
           by
           his
           own
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           comes
           up
           his
           Son
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Fifth
           as
           the
           next
           heir
           ,
           who
           though
           while
           a
           Prince
           was
           given
           to
           many
           wicked
           practises
           ,
           yet
           when
           a
           King
           ,
           became
           moderate
           ,
           and
           hath
           better
           commendation
           then
           most
           of
           his
           Ancestors
           ;
           the
           people
           had
           two
           advantages
           and
           comforts
           by
           him
           ;
           first
           ,
           that
           his
           reign
           was
           short
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           was
           much
           imployed
           in
           the
           war
           with
           
             France
          
           for
           regaining
           a
           title
           to
           that
           Crown
           ,
           which
           he
           accomplished
           ,
           and
           so
           they
           were
           free
           of
           Civil
           wars
           ;
           though
           they
           had
           still
           heavie
           taxes
           ,
           yet
           they
           thought
           it
           better
           to
           pay
           for
           maintaining
           war
           abroad
           then
           at
           home
           ;
           and
           truly
           ,
           the
           people
           thought
           themselves
           very
           happy
           in
           this
           Kings
           reign
           ,
           (
           though
           their
           priviledges
           were
           laid
           asleep
           )
           that
           they
           had
           a
           little
           breathing
           time
           from
           Domestick
           and
           Civil
           wars
           ,
           and
           had
           hopes
           to
           regain
           by
           degrees
           a
           reviving
           of
           their
           Spirits
           .
        
         
         
           But
           the
           next
           
             King
             ,
             Henry
          
           the
           sixth
           ,
           makes
           up
           what
           was
           wanting
           of
           Tyranny
           and
           Oppression
           in
           his
           fathers
           raign
           .
           He
           was
           Crowned
           
             King
          
           about
           the
           eighth
           or
           ninth
           moneth
           of
           his
           age
           ,
           and
           so
           had
           not
           present
           oppertunity
           to
           shew
           his
           royalty
           .
           Until
           he
           came
           to
           age
           ,
           the
           Kingdom
           was
           well
           governed
           by
           his
           three
           Uncles
           ,
           
             Humphrey
             ,
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Glocester
             ,
             John
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Bedford
             ,
             Thomas
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Excester
             ,
          
           who
           by
           their
           wisdom
           and
           justice
           ,
           kept
           up
           the
           flourishing
           estate
           of
           the
           
             English
          
           Nation
           ;
           but
           when
           his
           years
           of
           nonage
           were
           expired
           ,
           and
           he
           came
           to
           weld
           the
           Scepter
           with
           his
           own
           hands
           ,
           (
           what
           as
           some
           favorably
           think
           out
           of
           weakness
           ,
           for
           he
           was
           no
           
             Solomon
          
           )
           all
           things
           went
           presently
           out
           of
           order
           ,
           and
           Prerogative
           breaks
           forth
           beyond
           bounds
           ;
           which
           gave
           occasion
           to
           
             Edward
          
           Duke
           of
           
             York
          
           to
           try
           conclusions
           for
           his
           title
           against
           the
           House
           of
           
             Lancaster
             ,
          
           and
           making
           use
           of
           the
           discontents
           of
           the
           people
           through
           his
           evil
           Government
           ,
           opposed
           him
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           deposed
           him
           ,
           and
           raigned
           in
           his
           stead
           by
           the
           name
           of
           
             Edward
          
           the
           Fourth
           ,
           and
           so
           by
           Conquest
           he
           got
           the
           title
           to
           run
           through
           the
           House
           of
           
             York
             ,
          
           having
           cut
           it
           off
           by
           his
           Sword
           from
           the
           house
           of
           
             Lancaster
             ;
          
           notwithstanding
           actuall
           possession
           of
           three
           descents
           ,
           many
           overtures
           of
           war
           were
           yet
           between
           them
           ;
           for
           
             Henry
          
           was
           not
           yet
           dead
           ,
           though
           for
           the
           present
           outed
           ;
           but
           as
           a
           dying
           man
           strove
           for
           life
           ,
           but
           being
           quite
           overthrown
           was
           imprisoned
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           murthered
           to
           secure
           the
           Title
           ;
           there
           was
           in
           these
           two
           Kings
           raign
           but
           meerly
           for
           a
           title
           fought
           ten
           bloudy
           Battles
           ,
           besides
           all
           lesser
           skirmishes
           ,
           wherein
           many
           thousands
           of
           Lords
           ,
           Gentlemen
           ,
           and
           Commons
           were
           slain
           ,
           and
           yet
           not
           one
           jot
           of
           advantage
           gotten
           by
           it
           for
           the
           peoples
           liberties
           ;
           It
           being
           the
           misery
           and
           folly
           of
           the
           people
           to
           venture
           all
           they
           have
           ,
           to
           set
           up
           those
           over
           them
           who
           afterwards
           prove
           most
           tyranni
           call
           ,
           and
           to
           sow
           seeds
           of
           future
           misery
           ,
           by
           spilling
           their
           bloods
           for
           a
           usurped
           title
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           Kings
           reign
           ,
           as
           in
           the
           former
           ,
           the
           whole
           land
           was
           miserably
           rent
           by
           unnaturall
           divisions
           against
           his
           title
           ,
           and
           government
           ;
           and
           though
           neither
           or
           these
           two
           had
           a
           just
           title
           (
           if
           we
           will
           begin
           from
           the
           root
           )
           yet
           all
           the
           bloud
           of
           the
           Nation
           is
           thought
           too
           little
           to
           be
           spilt
           to
           maintain
           their
           pretences
           ;
           yet
           we
           may
           not
           reckon
           this
           King
           among
           the
           worst
           ,
           had
           it
           not
           faln
           out
           that
           his
           title
           must
           be
           kept
           up
           with
           expence
           of
           so
           much
           blood
           and
           ruin
           of
           the
           English
           Nation
           ;
           yet
           in
           his
           last
           five
           yeers
           ,
           he
           laid
           on
           such
           extraordinary
           taxes
           ,
           and
           changed
           the
           form
           of
           Laws
           ,
           that
           he
           lost
           the
           love
           of
           all
           his
           Subjects
           .
        
         
         
           For
           
             Edward
          
           the
           Fifth
           his
           Son
           ,
           who
           succeeded
           him
           in
           title
           ,
           we
           need
           but
           mention
           him
           ,
           for
           he
           had
           but
           the
           name
           of
           a
           King
           (
           being
           an
           Infant
           )
           and
           his
           reign
           may
           wel
           be
           called
           an
           
             Inter-regnum
             ,
          
           for
           ere
           he
           came
           to
           know
           what
           government
           was
           ,
           he
           was
           cruelly
           murthered
           with
           his
           Infant
           Brother
           ,
           by
           his
           Uncle
           
             Rich.
             
          
           Duke
           of
           
             Glocester
             ,
          
           who
           reigned
           both
           for
           him
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           for
           himself
           by
           the
           name
           of
           
             Richard
          
           the
           Third
           ,
           a
           bloody
           and
           cruel
           man
           ,
           rather
           a
           monster
           then
           a
           Prince
           ,
           his
           name
           stincks
           in
           the
           English
           dialect
           ;
           the
           shortness
           of
           his
           reign
           was
           the
           happiness
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           for
           after
           three
           yeers
           usurpation
           ,
           he
           was
           slain
           in
           the
           field
           by
           the
           Earl
           of
           
             Richmond
             ,
          
           who
           by
           his
           valour
           ,
           more
           then
           his
           Title
           got
           the
           Crown
           by
           the
           name
           of
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Seventh
           ;
           this
           was
           the
           best
           act
           that
           was
           done
           by
           him
           ,
           in
           easing
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           such
           a
           viper
           .
           In
           his
           reign
           (
           who
           is
           the
           first
           root
           of
           our
           Kings
           since
           )
           the
           people
           had
           more
           hopes
           then
           benefits
           ,
           and
           were
           rejoyced
           and
           made
           happy
           more
           by
           expectations
           ,
           then
           enjoyments
           of
           any
           reall
           priviledge
           ,
           or
           liberty
           .
           For
           though
           he
           took
           all
           the
           ways
           to
           secure
           his
           title
           by
           his
           marriage
           with
           the
           Lady
           
             Elizabeth
          
           daughter
           to
           
             Edward
          
           the
           Fourth
           ,
           yet
           many
           stratagems
           were
           laid
           to
           disturbe
           his
           peace
           ,
           which
           put
           him
           on
           acts
           of
           policy
           ,
           and
           diligence
           ,
           (
           which
           he
           excellently
           demonstrated
           )
           to
           free
           and
           extricate
           himself
           out
           of
           dangers
           and
           designs
           ;
           many
           sad
           divisions
           were
           stil
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           all
           men
           were
           not
           pleased
           either
           with
           his
           title
           or
           government
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           might
           but
           disturbe
           him
           ,
           or
           hazard
           his
           Crown
           ,
           they
           made
           Stage
           Kings
           ,
           drest
           up
           pretty
           lads
           in
           Princely
           robes
           ,
           and
           carried
           them
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Kingdom
           as
           puppets
           for
           the
           people
           to
           gaze
           one
           ,
           and
           admire
           ;
           all
           this
           while
           King
           
             Henry
          
           had
           not
           time
           to
           advance
           his
           prerogative
           ,
           while
           he
           was
           but
           securing
           his
           Title
           ;
           but
           after
           he
           had
           done
           that
           ,
           and
           now
           began
           to
           look
           on
           himself
           as
           free
           from
           either
           forraign
           or
           home
           competitors
           ,
           and
           the
           coast
           of
           State
           seeming
           cleer
           from
           all
           thickning
           weather
           ,
           he
           thinks
           of
           redeeming
           
           what
           he
           had
           lost
           by
           factions
           ,
           and
           imployes
           his
           wit
           for
           bringing
           down
           the
           height
           of
           the
           English
           Nation
           ,
           and
           plucking
           down
           their
           courage
           ,
           and
           was
           especially
           (
           saith
           one
           )
           jealous
           over
           his
           Nobility
           ,
           as
           remembring
           how
           himself
           was
           set
           up
           ;
           and
           how
           much
           more
           did
           this
           humor
           encrease
           in
           him
           after
           he
           had
           conflicted
           with
           such
           idols
           and
           counterfeits
           as
           
             Lambert
             Simnel
             &
             Perkin
             Warbeck
             ?
          
           the
           strangeness
           of
           which
           dangers
           made
           him
           think
           nothing
           safe
           ;
           and
           thinking
           that
           the
           riches
           of
           the
           English
           occasioned
           their
           rebellions
           ,
           he
           took
           a
           course
           to
           empty
           their
           Coffers
           into
           his
           ;
           and
           the
           plot
           whereby
           he
           meant
           to
           
           effect
           it
           was
           by
           taking
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           breach
           of
           penal
           Laws
           ,
           which
           he
           both
           found
           ,
           and
           made
           for
           that
           purpose
           ;
           his
           Instruments
           which
           for
           this
           work
           were
           pickt
           ,
           and
           qualified
           sufficiently
           ,
           were
           Sir
           
             Richard
             Empson
             ,
          
           and
           
             Edmund
             Dudley
             ,
          
           men
           learned
           in
           the
           Law
           ,
           and
           of
           desperate
           and
           subtle
           heads
           ,
           and
           forward
           in
           executing
           the
           Kings
           commands
           ;
           these
           two
           attended
           by
           troops
           of
           base
           Informers
           ,
           Promoters
           ,
           Catchpoles
           ,
           Cheaters
           ,
           Knights
           of
           the
           Post
           &c.
           went
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           cruelly
           polled
           and
           taxed
           all
           sorts
           of
           people
           ,
           and
           prosecute
           in
           every
           Shire
           the
           most
           deserving
           and
           generous
           men
           ,
           that
           the
           Kingdom
           in
           a
           little
           time
           was
           more
           beggard
           ,
           then
           by
           most
           of
           the
           former
           Civil
           wars
           ;
           and
           all
           this
           done
           by
           the
           Kings
           speciall
           command
           ,
           and
           countenance
           ,
           that
           we
           may
           see
           what
           was
           the
           reason
           he
           began
           not
           sooner
           to
           play
           
             Rex
             ;
          
           want
           of
           opportunity
           ,
           and
           fear
           of
           loosing
           his
           Crown
           while
           he
           was
           advancing
           it
           ;
           but
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           his
           raign
           was
           too
           soon
           ,
           and
           too
           long
           for
           such
           actings
           .
           This
           King
           ends
           his
           raign
           with
           the
           greatest
           acts
           of
           tyranny
           ;
           he
           made
           himself
           a
           rich
           King
           by
           beggaring
           his
           Subjects
           ;
           after
           he
           had
           freed
           his
           own
           person
           out
           of
           danger
           ▪
           he
           imploys
           all
           his
           wits
           to
           enslave
           the
           
             English
             ;
          
           the
           fruits
           both
           of
           his
           title
           and
           tyranny
           we
           have
           felt
           ever
           sence
           in
           these
           that
           followed
           him
           .
        
         
           His
           son
           
             Henry
          
           the
           eighth
           of
           that
           name
           ,
           succeeds
           him
           ;
           in
           his
           first
           beginnings
           he
           seemed
           to
           be
           tenderly
           affected
           to
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           and
           redressed
           many
           grievances
           ,
           especially
           those
           which
           were
           laid
           on
           by
           his
           father
           ,
           and
           executed
           by
           
             Empson
          
           and
           
             Dudley
             ,
          
           doing
           Justice
           on
           them
           for
           their
           cruelty
           and
           oppression
           .
           But
           those
           affections
           were
           too
           good
           ,
           and
           too
           violent
           to
           last
           long
           ;
           the
           sound
           of
           Drums
           and
           Trumpets
           soon
           quasht
           them
           ,
           and
           many
           encroachments
           grew
           on
           the
           peoples
           Liberties
           ;
           many
           tempestuous
           storms
           and
           controversies
           there
           were
           in
           this
           Kings
           raign
           ;
           but
           they
           were
           more
           Ecclesiastical
           then
           Civil
           ,
           and
           so
           more
           dangerous
           and
           strong
           .
           In
           a
           word
           ,
           he
           was
           accounted
           a
           better
           Souldier
           then
           a
           Governor
           ,
           and
           more
           fit
           for
           a
           General
           then
           a
           King
           to
           govern
           by
           just
           and
           equal
           Laws
           ;
           the
           best
           act
           he
           did
           ,
           was
           the
           discovery
           of
           the
           wickedness
           of
           the
           Clergy
           ,
           and
           casting
           off
           the
           Popes
           Supremacy
           ,
           which
           yet
           he
           took
           to
           himself
           ,
           and
           annexed
           it
           to
           his
           own
           Crown
           ;
           as
           the
           most
           of
           his
           raign
           was
           ful
           of
           controversies
           and
           tempests
           ,
           so
           all
           affairs
           were
           managed
           in
           a
           ranting
           and
           turbulent
           maner
           ,
           not
           with
           that
           gravity
           &
           soberness
           as
           becomes
           civil
           and
           prudentiall
           transactions
           ;
           he
           was
           very
           lascivious
           ,
           and
           delighted
           
           much
           in
           variety
           ,
           and
           changes
           of
           Laws
           ,
           as
           wives
           ;
           he
           oftentimes
           
           much
           pleased
           himself
           to
           be
           in
           the
           company
           ,
           and
           was
           over-familiar
           with
           swaggering
           and
           loose
           fellows
           ;
           and
           the
           people
           ever
           and
           anon
           found
           the
           power
           of
           his
           Prerogative
           at
           home
           ,
           as
           his
           enemies
           did
           of
           his
           Sword
           abroad
           .
           
             Edward
          
           the
           sixth
           his
           onely
           son
           succeeds
           him
           ,
           a
           Prince
           that
           was
           too
           good
           to
           live
           long
           ,
           the
           Phoenix
           of
           
             English
          
           Kings
           ,
           had
           he
           had
           time
           to
           prosecute
           his
           intentions
           and
           mature
           his
           genius
           ;
           but
           the
           Sun
           in
           him
           did
           shine
           too
           bright
           in
           the
           morning
           ;
           God
           gave
           
             England
          
           onely
           the
           representation
           of
           a
           good
           King
           ,
           but
           would
           not
           in
           judgement
           let
           us
           be
           blest
           long
           with
           him
           ;
           Religion
           began
           to
           revive
           ,
           Liberty
           to
           bud
           forth
           ,
           the
           people
           to
           peep
           out
           of
           their
           graves
           of
           slavery
           and
           bondage
           ,
           and
           to
           have
           their
           blood
           fresh
           and
           blushing
           in
           their
           cheeks
           ;
           but
           all
           is
           presently
           blasted
           by
           his
           death
           ,
           and
           the
           people
           (
           who
           have
           seldom
           more
           then
           hopes
           for
           their
           comforts
           )
           are
           now
           fainting
           for
           fear
           ;
           
             England
          
           is
           benighted
           ;
           and
           hung
           with
           black
           ;
           Queen
           
             Mary
          
           that
           
             Alecto
             ,
          
           and
           fury
           of
           women
           succeeds
           ;
           and
           now
           both
           souls
           and
           bodies
           of
           the
           people
           are
           enslaved
           ,
           and
           nothing
           but
           bone
           fires
           made
           of
           the
           flesh
           and
           bones
           of
           the
           best
           Christians
           :
           But
           it
           s
           too
           much
           to
           name
           her
           in
           the
           
             English
          
           tongue
           ;
           Queen
           
             Elizabeth
          
           succeedes
           her
           ,
           who
           being
           prepared
           for
           the
           Crown
           by
           suffering
           ,
           came
           in
           a
           most
           seasonable
           time
           ,
           both
           for
           her self
           and
           the
           people
           ,
           who
           were
           made
           fuel
           for
           the
           flames
           of
           her
           sisters
           devotion
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           
             England
          
           begins
           to
           flourish
           again
           ,
           and
           to
           recover
           its
           strength
           ;
           many
           inlargements
           were
           granted
           ,
           both
           to
           the
           consciences
           ,
           and
           estates
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           yet
           if
           we
           speak
           impartially
           ,
           we
           were
           kept
           further
           off
           
             Rome
             ,
          
           then
           royalty
           ;
           yet
           doubtless
           she
           may
           be
           Chronicled
           for
           the
           best
           Princess
           ,
           and
           her
           raign
           the
           most
           even
           ,
           and
           best
           mannaged
           ,
           with
           more
           fruits
           to
           the
           people
           then
           any
           of
           the
           former
           Kings
           ,
           especially
           if
           we
           consider
           how
           long
           she
           governed
           this
           Nation
           ;
           I
           end
           her
           raign
           with
           this
           Character
           ,
           That
           she
           was
           the
           best
           Queen
           that
           ever
           
             England
          
           had
           ,
           and
           the
           glory
           of
           her
           Sexe
           to
           all
           Ages
           .
        
         
           The
           
             English
          
           Line
           is
           now
           ended
           ;
           we
           must
           go
           into
           
             Scotland
          
           to
           seek
           for
           a
           King
           ,
           because
           a
           daughter
           of
           
             Henry
          
           the
           seventh
           was
           married
           to
           
             James
          
           the
           fourth
           ,
           King
           of
           
             Scotland
             ;
          
           but
           I
           will
           not
           question
           his
           title
           .
        
         
           King
           
             James
          
           the
           sixth
           of
           
             Scotland
             ,
          
           and
           first
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           succeeded
           on
           the
           
             English
          
           Throne
           ;
           A
           Prince
           that
           had
           many
           advantages
           to
           set
           up
           Prerogative
           ,
           which
           he
           improved
           ;
           he
           was
           too
           timorous
           to
           act
           ,
           but
           most
           subtile
           in
           Councel
           and
           designs
           ,
           and
           no
           
             King
          
           did
           more
           insensibly
           
           and
           closely
           undermine
           the
           Liberties
           of
           
             England
          
           then
           himself
           ;
           he
           gave
           us
           cause
           to
           remember
           from
           whence
           he
           came
           ;
           but
           his
           peaceable
           raign
           was
           the
           rail
           to
           his
           design
           ,
           and
           did
           choak
           suspition
           ;
           we
           were
           brought
           by
           him
           very
           nigh
           
             Rome
          
           and
           
             Spain
             ,
          
           and
           yet
           knew
           it
           not
           ;
           he
           had
           an
           inveterate
           hatred
           against
           Puritans
           ,
           as
           he
           had
           a
           fear
           of
           Papists
           ,
           and
           made
           more
           of
           Bishops
           then
           ordinary
           by
           remembrance
           of
           the
           
             Scots
          
           Presbytery
           ;
           He
           had
           as
           much
           of
           Royalty
           in
           his
           Eye
           as
           any
           Prince
           could
           have
           ,
           but
           had
           not
           so
           much
           courage
           to
           prosecute
           it
           ;
           the
           Puritan
           alwayes
           lay
           in
           his
           Spleen
           ,
           the
           Papist
           on
           his
           Lungs
           ,
           that
           he
           durst
           not
           ,
           that
           he
           could
           not
           breath
           so
           clearely
           and
           strongly
           against
           them
           ;
           but
           the
           Bishops
           lay
           in
           his
           heart
           .
           I
           will
           not
           rip
           up
           his
           personal
           failings
           after
           his
           death
           ;
           he
           was
           the
           most
           profane
           
             King
          
           for
           oaths
           and
           blasphemies
           that
           
             England
          
           had
           besides
           ,
           
             &c.
             
          
           He
           now
           grows
           old
           ▪
           and
           was
           judged
           only
           fit
           to
           lay
           the
           Plot
           ,
           but
           not
           to
           execute
           it
           ;
           the
           design
           being
           now
           ripe
           ,
           and
           his
           person
           and
           life
           the
           only
           obstacle
           and
           
             Remora
          
           to
           the
           next
           Instrument
           ,
           he
           is
           conveyed
           away
           suddenly
           into
           another
           world
           ,
           as
           his
           son
           
             Henry
          
           was
           ,
           because
           thought
           unsuteable
           to
           the
           Plot
           ,
           it
           being
           too
           long
           to
           waite
           ,
           untill
           Nature
           and
           Distemper
           had
           done
           the
           deed
           .
        
         
           We
           are
           now
           come
           to
           our
           last
           
             Charls
          
           (
           who
           is
           like
           to
           end
           both
           that
           race
           and
           its
           tyranny
           )
           the
           perfect
           
             Idea
          
           of
           all
           the
           rest
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           zealous
           prosecutor
           of
           the
           designs
           of
           all
           his
           ancestors
           ,
           who
           ,
           if
           Divine
           Providence
           had
           not
           miraculously
           prevented
           ,
           had
           accomplished
           the
           utmost
           of
           their
           intentions
           ,
           and
           for
           ever
           darkned
           the
           glory
           of
           the
           English
           Sun
           ;
           so
           much
           I
           must
           say
           of
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           got
           more
           wisedom
           by
           action
           ,
           then
           could
           possibly
           be
           expected
           by
           his
           nature
           ;
           experience
           that
           teacheth
           fools
           ,
           made
           him
           wise
           ;
           he
           endeavoured
           to
           act
           what
           others
           designed
           ;
           he
           dissembled
           as
           long
           as
           he
           could
           ,
           and
           used
           all
           parties
           to
           the
           utmost
           ;
           But
           his
           zeal
           and
           hardiness
           brought
           him
           to
           his
           death
           .
           He
           needed
           no
           physick
           for
           his
           body
           ,
           had
           he
           remembred
           his
           soul
           .
           But
           what
           need
           I
           mention
           him
           ?
           he
           is
           the
           last
           of
           English
           Monarchs
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           absolute
           monument
           of
           Monarchy
           ,
           and
           example
           of
           tyranny
           and
           injustice
           that
           ever
           was
           known
           in
           
             England
             ;
          
           he
           would
           have
           been
           what
           other
           Kings
           are
           ,
           and
           endeavoured
           to
           attain
           what
           others
           would
           be
           ;
           he
           lived
           an
           enemy
           to
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           and
           died
           a
           martyr
           to
           Prerogative
           .
        
         
           Thus
           you
           have
           seen
           a
           faithfull
           representation
           of
           the
           
             Norman
          
           race
           ,
           under
           which
           we
           have
           groaned
           for
           about
           six
           hundred
           years
           ;
           the
           first
           Title
           made
           onely
           by
           the
           Invasion
           and
           Conquest
           of
           a
           Stranger
           and
           
           Bastard
           ,
           continued
           by
           usurpation
           and
           tyranny
           ,
           that
           take
           away
           but
           two
           or
           three
           persons
           out
           of
           the
           list
           (
           and
           yet
           these
           bad
           enough
           if
           we
           consider
           all
           things
           )
           and
           all
           this
           while
           
             England
          
           neither
           had
           a
           right
           heir
           ,
           or
           good
           King
           to
           govern
           it
           ;
           and
           yet
           by
           delusion
           and
           deceit
           we
           must
           be
           bound
           to
           maintain
           that
           Title
           as
           Sacred
           and
           Divine
           ,
           which
           in
           the
           beginning
           was
           extorted
           and
           usurping
           ▪
           as
           if
           gray
           hairs
           could
           adde
           reverence
           to
           injustice
           .
           
             England
          
           hath
           now
           an
           advantage
           more
           then
           all
           its
           Ancestors
           ,
           of
           freeing
           it self
           from
           this
           successive
           slavery
           ,
           and
           interrupting
           that
           bloody
           line
           ,
           and
           after
           an
           apprentiship
           to
           bondage
           for
           so
           many
           hundred
           yeers
           ,
           Providence
           hath
           given
           us
           our
           own
           choice
           ;
           If
           we
           take
           it
           we
           are
           made
           ;
           if
           not
           ,
           the
           old
           judgement
           of
           God
           lies
           on
           us
           for
           our
           stupidity
           ,
           and
           blindness
           .
           For
           my
           part
           ,
           as
           I
           do
           not
           give
           much
           to
           that
           Monkish
           Prophecy
           from
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Seventh
           times
           ;
           
             Mars
             ,
             Puer
             ,
             Alecto
             ,
             Virgo
             ,
             Vulpes
             ,
             Leo
             ,
             Nullus
          
           (
           yet
           I
           wonder
           how
           the
           Devil
           could
           foresee
           so
           far
           off
           ,
           and
           must
           needs
           say
           that
           it
           hath
           yet
           been
           literally
           fulfilled
           ▪
           both
           in
           the
           Characters
           of
           the
           persons
           ,
           and
           the
           issue
           )
           yet
           I
           must
           so
           far
           give
           way
           to
           the
           power
           of
           divine
           actings
           on
           my
           faith
           ,
           as
           to
           think
           that
           either
           we
           shall
           never
           have
           a
           King
           more
           ,
           or
           else
           we
           shall
           have
           one
           sent
           of
           God
           in
           wrath
           ,
           as
           the
           
             Israelites
          
           had
           ,
           seeing
           we
           are
           not
           contented
           that
           way
           which
           God
           hath
           from
           Heaven
           led
           us
           to
           .
        
         
           As
           for
           the
           Title
           of
           this
           Prince
           (
           who
           would
           fain
           be
           accounted
           the
           right
           heir
           )
           Let
           us
           but
           remember
           from
           whence
           he
           had
           it
           ,
           and
           how
           it
           s
           now
           tainted
           ;
           were
           it
           never
           so
           just
           ,
           the
           Treason
           of
           the
           Father
           hath
           cut
           off
           the
           Son
           ;
           and
           how
           unwise
           an
           act
           ,
           besides
           all
           other
           considerations
           ,
           will
           it
           be
           for
           
             England
          
           to
           set
           up
           the
           Son
           to
           propagate
           both
           his
           Fathers
           design
           ,
           and
           death
           .
           We
           may
           prophecy
           soon
           what
           a
           Governor
           he
           is
           like
           to
           be
           which
           hath
           both
           suck't
           in
           his
           Fathers
           principles
           ,
           and
           his
           Mothers
           milk
           ;
           who
           hath
           been
           bred
           up
           under
           the
           wings
           of
           Popery
           and
           Episcopacy
           ,
           and
           doubtless
           suckt
           both
           brests
           ;
           one
           who
           was
           engaged
           from
           the
           beginning
           in
           the
           last
           war
           against
           this
           Parliament
           ,
           who
           hath
           the
           same
           Counsellors
           his
           Father
           had
           ,
           to
           remember
           him
           both
           of
           the
           design
           ,
           and
           the
           best
           wayes
           of
           effecting
           it
           ;
           one
           who
           hath
           never
           yet
           given
           any
           testimony
           of
           hopefullness
           to
           this
           Nation
           ;
           who
           was
           in
           Armes
           when
           a
           Subject
           ,
           against
           the
           Libertyes
           which
           
             England
          
           and
           
             Scotland
          
           spilt
           much
           blood
           for
           to
           maintain
           ;
           one
           who
           hath
           both
           his
           Fathers
           and
           his
           own
           scores
           to
           cleer
           ,
           and
           is
           fain
           to
           make
           use
           of
           all
           
             Medium's
             ,
          
           though
           never
           so
           contrary
           ,
           attended
           with
           all
           the
           crew
           of
           Malignants
           of
           three
           Nations
           ;
           who
           is
           so
           relatively
           and
           
           personally
           engaged
           ,
           that
           both
           old
           and
           new
           reckonings
           are
           expected
           to
           be
           payd
           only
           by
           him
           .
           To
           his
           Father
           He
           is
           endebted
           for
           His
           Crown
           ,
           and
           bound
           to
           pay
           His
           Debts
           ,
           both
           Ecclesiastical
           and
           Civil
           (
           which
           will
           amount
           to
           no
           small
           summe
           )
           ;
           To
           the
           Papists
           He
           is
           engaged
           for
           their
           old
           affections
           ,
           and
           hopes
           of
           new
           ,
           besides
           the
           obligation
           of
           duty
           to
           his
           Mother
           ,
           and
           freeing
           her
           from
           her
           Monastry
           and
           Hermitage
           .
           To
           the
           Prince
           of
           
             Orange
          
           he
           owes
           more
           then
           his
           ransom
           ,
           besides
           the
           States
           courtesies
           ;
           to
           
             Ireland
          
           he
           is
           in
           more
           arrears
           then
           his
           Kingdom
           of
           
             Scotland
          
           will
           be
           able
           to
           pay
           ,
           and
           to
           
             Scotland
          
           for
           his
           entertainment
           and
           enstalment
           more
           then
           
             England
          
           (
           for
           present
           or
           in
           many
           years
           )
           can
           repay
           without
           a
           morgage
           ,
           or
           community
           of
           lands
           ,
           and
           liberties
           ,
           besides
           what
           he
           owes
           
             England
          
           for
           helping
           his
           Father
           to
           make
           the
           Parliament
           spend
           so
           many
           millions
           of
           treasure
           ,
           besides
           blood
           (
           which
           would
           have
           weighed
           down
           all
           expences
           besides
           )
           and
           helping
           as
           a
           prime
           Agent
           the
           utter
           destruction
           of
           
             England
             ;
          
           all
           which
           must
           be
           reckoned
           for
           with
           much
           seriousness
           ;
           and
           if
           men
           have
           so
           much
           charity
           and
           generousness
           to
           forgive
           all
           ,
           yet
           we
           have
           a
           reckoning
           with
           heaven
           to
           be
           discharged
           ,
           which
           debt
           is
           yet
           unpaid
           (
           without
           we
           think
           the
           Fathers
           blood
           be
           sufficient
           satisfaction
           to
           divine
           Justice
           )
           ;
           and
           if
           that
           death
           should
           be
           a
           satisfaction
           for
           himself
           ,
           yet
           not
           for
           his
           Son
           ,
           who
           joyned
           with
           him
           ,
           &
           now
           continues
           the
           same
           fault
           ,
           and
           guilt
           ,
           and
           intends
           to
           follow
           on
           with
           more
           violence
           and
           intention
           then
           ever
           .
           Can
           we
           think
           (
           &
           retain
           our
           memories
           and
           reasons
           )
           that
           
             Charls
          
           the
           Second
           can
           forget
           
             Charls
          
           the
           First
           ?
           that
           custom
           and
           education
           can
           easily
           be
           altered
           ?
           that
           the
           true
           and
           reall
           engagers
           with
           him
           and
           his
           Father
           ,
           shall
           be
           razed
           out
           of
           his
           heart
           ,
           or
           that
           he
           can
           heartily
           love
           his
           opposers
           ,
           but
           as
           he
           may
           make
           use
           them
           :
           or
           that
           when
           some
           Banks
           and
           Rocks
           are
           out
           of
           the
           way
           ,
           the
           waters
           and
           floods
           of
           Royalty
           will
           not
           run
           in
           its
           wonted
           Channel
           ?
           will
           Episcopacy
           dye
           in
           
             England
             ,
          
           when
           Kingship
           is
           set
           up
           ?
           Can
           reason
           think
           or
           dream
           ,
           that
           Majesty
           will
           not
           eat
           out
           sincerity
           ?
           or
           that
           Presbytery
           can
           flourish
           in
           that
           state
           where
           Prerogative
           is
           the
           ascendant
           ?
           or
           is
           that
           person
           fit
           to
           be
           the
           
             medium
          
           of
           peace
           ,
           and
           the
           glory
           of
           this
           Nation
           ,
           who
           was
           the
           conjunct
           instrument
           of
           the
           war
           ,
           &
           the
           survivor
           both
           of
           the
           war
           and
           peace
           ?
           a
           person
           that
           durst
           not
           stay
           in
           his
           own
           Nation
           to
           plead
           his
           right
           ,
           because
           of
           his
           guilt
           ,
           whose
           youth
           and
           wilfulness
           is
           most
           unapt
           for
           the
           setling
           the
           storms
           and
           tempests
           of
           a
           distracted
           Nation
           .
           But
           no
           more
           untill
           we
           feel
           the
           misery
           of
           such
           an
           attempt
           ;
           It
           was
           said
           of
           
             Tiberius
             Caesar
          
           in
           a
           Satyricall
           expression
           ,
           yet
           it
           proved
           true
           ,
           
           
             
               Regnabit
               sanguine
               multo
            
             
               Ad
               regnum
               quisquis
               venit
               ab
               exilio
               ,
               
            
          
           
             
               Who
               first
               exil'd
               is
               after
               Crown'd
               ,
            
             
               His
               reign
               with
               blood
               will
               much
               abound
               .
            
          
        
         
           When
           this
           poor
           Nation
           (
           after
           all
           neglects
           of
           providences
           )
           hath
           spent
           its
           blood
           and
           treasure
           to
           set
           up
           this
           Prince
           in
           the
           Throne
           ,
           (
           which
           it
           may
           be
           they
           shall
           never
           effect
           )
           yet
           at
           the
           last
           they
           must
           stand
           to
           his
           courtesy
           for
           all
           their
           Liberties
           ,
           which
           they
           can
           never
           expect
           ,
           and
           make
           him
           a
           Monarch
           .
           The
           patience
           and
           long
           suffering
           of
           God
           hath
           permitted
           usurpation
           and
           tyranny
           in
           
             England
          
           this
           long
           time
           for
           the
           hardness
           of
           our
           hearts
           ,
           and
           sottishness
           of
           our
           natures
           ,
           and
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           may
           lengthen
           it
           out
           to
           the
           utmost
           ,
           which
           will
           be
           a
           misery
           with
           a
           witness
           ,
           and
           yet
           a
           just
           punishment
           of
           God
           on
           those
           who
           were
           born
           free
           ,
           but
           will
           sell
           away
           their
           inheritances
           for
           nothing
           to
           a
           stranger
           .
           Did
           ever
           
             King
          
           since
           the
           world
           began
           (
           seting
           aside
           some
           who
           were
           Priests
           and
           Prophets
           also
           )
           naturally
           ,
           and
           ingenuously
           ,
           with
           a
           royall
           affection
           devote
           himself
           to
           the
           propagating
           of
           the
           pure
           and
           reall
           liberties
           of
           the
           people
           ?
           Let
           him
           be
           shown
           forth
           as
           a
           miracle
           ;
           but
           that
           ever
           any
           one
           that
           hath
           been
           all
           his
           dayes
           ,
           both
           in
           the
           Fathers
           time
           ,
           and
           his
           own
           engaged
           in
           wars
           against
           the
           Liberties
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           (
           solemnly
           proclaimed
           in
           Parliament
           )
           and
           to
           set
           up
           Prerogative
           ,
           either
           intended
           or
           managed
           his
           raign
           that
           way
           (
           how
           ever
           he
           was
           brought
           into
           his
           Government
           )
           I
           durst
           affirm
           to
           be
           a
           Paradox
           ,
           and
           the
           utmost
           contradiction
           ;
           I
           am
           sure
           it
           s
           as
           impossible
           to
           be
           fouud
           in
           
             England
          
           as
           the
           Philosophers
           Stone
           among
           the
           
             Peripatecicks
             .
          
           But
           a
           word
           more
           to
           the
           Title
           ,
           between
           the
           now
           present
           Power
           ,
           and
           this
           
             Charls
             ;
          
           what
           reason
           is
           there
           ,
           and
           equity
           ,
           that
           the
           Parliament
           of
           
             England
          
           (
           take
           them
           in
           what
           qualification
           you
           will
           (
           following
           to
           the
           utmost
           the
           first
           principles
           for
           the
           liberty
           of
           the
           people
           )
           should
           not
           be
           esteemed
           as
           just
           heirs
           ,
           and
           their
           Parliamentary
           successors
           as
           this
           young
           Confident
           ?
           shal
           
             William
          
           the
           
             Norman
             ,
          
           (
           only
           having
           a
           better
           Sword
           )
           a
           stranger
           ,
           one
           who
           by
           nature
           was
           never
           born
           heir
           of
           any
           thing
           ,
           create
           himself
           a
           title
           to
           
             Enland
             ,
          
           and
           a
           succession
           for
           many
           score
           of
           years
           ,
           meerly
           on
           that
           account
           ?
           and
           shall
           every
           one
           after
           him
           break
           the
           line
           as
           they
           please
           ,
           and
           take
           their
           opportunities
           to
           make
           themselves
           roots
           of
           Kings
           ,
           
           though
           springing
           in
           the
           Wilderness
           ?
           Shall
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Seventh
           (
           the
           Father
           of
           us
           all
           )
           who
           was
           little
           less
           then
           a
           Bastard
           ,
           being
           the
           son
           of
           an
           illegitimate
           son
           of
           
             John
          
           a
           
             Gaunt
             ,
          
           a
           forraigner
           ,
           and
           private
           man
           ,
           by
           fortune
           and
           power
           give
           himself
           a
           title
           to
           this
           Crown
           ,
           and
           all
           our
           Kings
           since
           acknowledging
           Right
           by
           that
           Root
           ?
           Must
           those
           Pretences
           be
           Sacred
           which
           have
           only
           the
           Ordination
           of
           a
           more
           keen
           and
           glittering
           sword
           ?
           and
           a
           confirmation
           by
           Custome
           be
           thus
           Divine
           ?
           and
           shall
           not
           the
           Parliament
           of
           
             England
          
           (
           cloathed
           with
           the
           Authority
           of
           all
           the
           People
           ,
           and
           carrying
           all
           the
           Libertyes
           of
           
             England
          
           with
           them
           )
           backt
           with
           the
           power
           of
           a
           faythfull
           Army
           ,
           be
           thought
           (
           in
           the
           utmost
           Criticisme
           of
           reason
           )
           to
           have
           as
           much
           title
           to
           propagate
           their
           Successe
           for
           our
           freedoms
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           had
           to
           convey
           both
           their
           usurpation
           and
           tyranny
           ?
           that
           a
           private
           claym
           by
           a
           better
           Sword
           should
           be
           
             jure
             Divino
             ;
          
           and
           a
           publique
           Title
           both
           by
           reason
           ,
           success
           ,
           and
           providence
           of
           a
           solemn
           Assembly
           ,
           who
           have
           been
           many
           years
           opposing
           the
           former
           oppressions
           ,
           and
           now
           have
           gained
           it
           ,
           should
           not
           be
           accounted
           valid
           ,
           nor
           of
           equall
           right
           with
           a
           successive
           illegall
           claim
           ?
           Let
           all
           the
           world
           be
           judge
           (
           who
           consider
           the
           premises
           )
           and
           let
           the
           violentest
           reason
           unroyalis'd
           speak
           its
           utmost
           .
           It
           is
           high
           time
           now
           to
           end
           that
           line
           that
           was
           never
           either
           well
           begun
           ,
           or
           directly
           continued
           ;
           
             Charls
          
           the
           Father
           is
           gone
           to
           his
           own
           place
           ,
           and
           so
           is
           
             Charls
          
           the
           Son
           likewise
           ,
           he
           being
           in
           his
           own
           proper
           Nation
           ,
           
             Scotland
             ;
          
           Let
           us
           keep
           him
           there
           if
           we
           be
           wise
           ,
           and
           intend
           to
           be
           happy
           ,
           and
           let
           
             England
          
           disdain
           to
           be
           under
           the
           domination
           any
           more
           of
           any
           forraign
           power
           for
           the
           future
           ;
           and
           seeing
           we
           have
           conquered
           the
           Conqueror
           ,
           and
           got
           the
           possession
           of
           the
           true
           English
           title
           ,
           by
           justice
           ,
           and
           gallantry
           ;
           Let
           us
           not
           lose
           it
           again
           ,
           by
           any
           pretence
           of
           a
           particular
           ,
           and
           debauched
           person
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A56345e-480
           
             
               Dan.
               Hist.
            
             p.
             14.
             
             
               Speed
               .
            
          
           
             Speed
             .
          
           
             William
             Rufus
             .
          
           
             
               Dan.
            
             life
             of
             
               Henry
            
             the
             first
             .
          
           
             Dun.
             
          
           
             Pryn.
             
          
           
             Mat.
             Paris
             p.
             961
             Dan.
             Hist.
             p.
             179.
             
          
           
             Mat.
             Paris
             ,
             p.
             8
             ,
             9.
             
          
           
             Master
             
               Prin
               ,
            
             the
             Parliaments
             interest
             in
             the
             
               Militia
               ,
            
             second
             part
             ,
             p.
             38.
             39.
             
          
           
             Sir
             Francis
             Bacon
             .
          
           
             Martin
             .
          
           
             Suet.
             lib
             :
             3.
             c.
             59.