A discourse concerning the object of religious worship, or, A Scripture proof of the unlawfulness of giving any religious worship to any other being besides the one supreme God part I.
         Sherlock, William, 1641?-1707.
      
       
         
           1685
        
      
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             A discourse concerning the object of religious worship, or, A Scripture proof of the unlawfulness of giving any religious worship to any other being besides the one supreme God part I.
             Sherlock, William, 1641?-1707.
          
           [2], 75 p.
           
             Printed for Abel Swalle,
             London :
             1685.
          
           
             1686 edition by William Sherlock.
             Reproduction of original in the Union Theological Seminary Library, New York.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Monotheism.
           God -- Worship and love.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           DISCOURSE
           Concerning
           the
           Object
           of
           
             Religious
             Worship
             .
          
           OR
           ,
           A
           SCRIPTURE
           PROOF
           OF
           THE
           UNLAWFULNESS
           of
           giving
           any
           Religious
           Worship
           to
           any
           other
           Being
           Besides
           the
           One
           Supreme
           God.
           PART
           I.
           
        
         
           
             LONDON
             :
          
           Printed
           for
           
             Abel
             Swalle
             ,
          
           at
           the
           
             Vnicorn
             ,
          
           at
           the
           West-end
           of
           St.
           
             Pauls
          
           Church-yard
           .
           MDCLXXXV
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           A
           DISCOURSE
           Concerning
           the
           Object
           of
           Religious
           Worship
           .
        
         
           
             The
             INTRODVCTION
             .
          
           
             OF
             all
             the
             Disputes
             between
             us
             and
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             there
             is
             none
             of
             greater
             concernment
             ,
             than
             that
             about
             the
             Object
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             .
          
           
             We
             affirm
             ,
             as
             the
             Scripture
             has
             taught
             us
             ,
             
             that
             
               we
               must
               worship
               the
               Lord
               our
               God
               and
               serve
               him
               only
               ;
            
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             teaches
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             a
             degree
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             which
             we
             may
             give
             to
             some
             excellent
             Creatures
             ,
             to
             Angels
             and
             Saints
             and
             Images
             ,
             and
             the
             Host
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Reliques
             of
             Saints
             and
             Martyrs
             .
             If
             they
             are
             in
             the
             right
             ,
             we
             may
             be
             thought
             very
             rude
             and
             uncivil
             at
             least
             ,
             in
             denying
             to
             pay
             that
             Worship
             ,
             which
             is
             due
             to
             such
             excellent
             Creatures
             ,
             and
             very
             injurious
             to
             our selves
             in
             it
             ,
             by
             losing
             the
             benefit
             of
             their
             Prayers
             and
             Patronage
             .
             If
             we
             be
             in
             the
             right
             ,
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             is
             guilty
             of
             giving
             that
             worship
             to
             Creatures
             which
             is
             due
             to
             God
             alone
             ,
             which
             is
             acknowledged
             on
             all
             hands
             to
             be
             the
             greatest
             of
             sins
             ;
             and
             therefore
             this
             is
             a
             dispute
             which
             can
             never
             be
             compremised
             ,
             though
             we
             were
             never
             so
             desirous
             of
             an
             union
             and
             reconciliation
             with
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ;
            
             for
             the
             Incommunicable
             glory
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             salvation
             of
             our
             Souls
             ,
             are
             too
             dear
             things
             to
             be
             given
             away
             in
             complement
             to
             any
             Church
             .
          
           
             And
             should
             it
             appear
             in
             the
             next
             world
             (
             for
             I
             believe
             it
             will
             never
             appear
             to
             be
             so
             in
             this
             )
             that
             we
             were
             mistaken
             ,
             that
             we
             were
             over-nice
             and
             curious
             in
             refusing
             to
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             yet
             ours
             is
             a
             much
             more
             innocent
             and
             pardonable
             mistake
             ,
             than
             that
             which
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             is
             guilty
             of
             ,
             if
             
             they
             should
             prove
             to
             be
             mistaken
             .
             We
             are
             only
             wanting
             in
             some
             Religious
             Courtship
             ,
             which
             we
             might
             innocently
             have
             given
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             but
             which
             we
             were
             not
             bound
             to
             give
             ,
             (
             as
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             will
             not
             say
             ,
             that
             we
             are
             )
             by
             any
             express
             Divine
             Law
             ;
             and
             therefore
             it
             is
             no
             sin
             against
             God
             not
             to
             do
             it
             ;
             and
             when
             this
             neglect
             is
             not
             owing
             to
             any
             designed
             contempt
             and
             dis-regard
             of
             those
             excellent
             Spirits
             ,
             but
             to
             a
             great
             reverence
             for
             God
             ,
             and
             jealousie
             for
             his
             incommunicable
             glory
             ,
             if
             it
             were
             a
             fault
             ,
             we
             need
             not
             doubt
             but
             that
             God
             would
             pardon
             it
             ,
             and
             that
             all
             good
             spirits
             ,
             who
             have
             such
             a
             profound
             veneration
             for
             God
             ,
             will
             easily
             excuse
             the
             neglect
             of
             some
             Ceremonies
             to
             themselves
             upon
             so
             great
             a
             reason
             .
          
           
             But
             if
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             be
             mistaken
             ,
             and
             gives
             that
             worship
             to
             Creatures
             ,
             which
             is
             due
             only
             to
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             they
             have
             nothing
             to
             pretend
             in
             excuse
             of
             it
             ;
             neither
             any
             positive
             Law
             of
             God
             ,
             which
             expresly
             forbids
             all
             Creature-worship
             (
             as
             I
             doubt
             not
             to
             prove
             ,
             to
             the
             satisfaction
             of
             all
             impartial
             Readers
             )
             nor
             the
             principles
             of
             Natural
             Reason
             ;
             which
             ,
             whatever
             Apologies
             it
             may
             make
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             can
             never
             prove
             the
             necessity
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             it
             highly
             concerns
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             and
             all
             of
             her
             Communion
             to
             consider
             ,
             whether
             if
             their
             distinctions
             and
             little
             appearances
             of
             reason
             cannot
             justifie
             their
             worship
             of
             Creatures
             ,
             they
             will
             be
             able
             to
             excuse
             them
             from
             the
             guilt
             of
             so
             great
             a
             sin
             .
          
           
             But
             not
             to
             insist
             on
             these
             things
             now
             ;
             I
             shall
             divide
             this
             discourse
             into
             three
             parts
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             I
             shall
             prove
             from
             the
             plain
             evidence
             of
             Scripture
             ,
             
               That
               God
               alone
               is
               to
               be
               worshipped
               .
            
          
           
             2.
             
             I
             shall
             examine
             what
             that
             worship
             is
             ,
             which
             is
             proper
             and
             peculiar
             to
             the
             Supreme
             God.
             
          
           
             3.
             
             I
             shall
             consider
             those
             distinctions
             ,
             whereby
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             justifies
             her
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             and
             Images
             ,
             
               &c.
               
            
          
        
         
           
           
             SECTION
             I.
             
          
           
             That
             GOD
             alone
             must
             be
             Worshipped
             .
          
           
             TO
             make
             good
             the
             first
             point
             ,
             
             that
             we
             must
             worship
             no
             other
             Being
             ,
             but
             only
             God
             ,
             I
             shall
             principally
             confine
             my self
             to
             Scripture
             evidence
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             most
             certain
             authority
             to
             determine
             this
             matter
             .
             For
             though
             I
             confess
             ,
             it
             seems
             to
             me
             a
             self
             evident
             and
             fundamental
             principle
             in
             natural
             Religion
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             worship
             none
             but
             that
             Supreme
             Being
             ,
             who
             made
             ,
             and
             who
             governs
             the
             world
             ,
             yet
             I
             find
             men
             reason
             very
             differently
             about
             these
             matters
             .
          
           
             The
             Heathen
             Philosophers
             ,
             who
             generally
             acknowledged
             one
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             Deity
             ,
             did
             not
             think
             it
             incongruous
             ,
             nor
             any
             affront
             or
             diminution
             to
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             to
             ascribe
             an
             inferiour
             kind
             of
             Divinity
             ,
             nor
             to
             pay
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             to
             those
             excellent
             Spirits
             ,
             which
             are
             so
             much
             above
             us
             ,
             and
             have
             so
             great
             a
             share
             in
             the
             government
             of
             this
             lower
             world
             ,
             no
             more
             than
             it
             is
             an
             affront
             to
             a
             Soveraign
             Monarch
             ,
             to
             honour
             and
             reverence
             his
             great
             Ministers
             of
             State
             ,
             or
             peculiar
             Favourites
             .
             And
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             as
             she
             has
             corrupted
             Christianity
             with
             the
             Worship
             of
             Angels
             ,
             and
             Saints
             departed
             ,
             so
             she
             defends
             her self
             with
             the
             same
             Arguments
             and
             Reasons
             ,
             which
             were
             long
             since
             alleadged
             by
             
               Celsus
            
             and
             
               Porphyrie
               ,
            
             and
             other
             Heathen
             Philosophers
             ,
             in
             defence
             of
             their
             Pagan
             Idolatry
             .
          
           
             And
             it
             must
             be
             confest
             ,
             that
             these
             Arguments
             are
             very
             popular
             ,
             and
             have
             something
             so
             agreeable
             in
             them
             ,
             to
             the
             natural
             notions
             of
             Civil
             Honour
             and
             respect
             ,
             which
             
             admits
             of
             great
             variety
             of
             degrees
             ,
             that
             I
             do
             not
             wonder
             that
             such
             vast
             numbers
             of
             men
             ,
             both
             wise
             and
             unwise
             ,
             have
             been
             imposed
             on
             by
             them
             .
          
           
             For
             there
             is
             certainly
             a
             proportionable
             reverence
             and
             respect
             due
             even
             to
             created
             excellencies
             ,
             and
             every
             degree
             of
             power
             challenges
             and
             commands
             a
             just
             regard
             ,
             and
             we
             are
             bound
             to
             be
             very
             thankful
             not
             only
             to
             God
             ,
             who
             is
             the
             first
             cause
             ,
             and
             the
             supreme
             giver
             of
             all
             good
             things
             ,
             but
             to
             our
             immediate
             Benefactors
             also
             .
             And
             therefore
             if
             there
             be
             a
             sort
             of
             middle
             Beings
             ,
             as
             the
             Heathens
             believed
             ,
             and
             as
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             asserts
             ,
             between
             us
             and
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             who
             take
             particular
             care
             of
             us
             ,
             and
             either
             by
             their
             power
             and
             interest
             in
             the
             government
             of
             the
             world
             ,
             or
             by
             their
             Intercessions
             with
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             can
             and
             do
             bestow
             a
             great
             many
             Blessings
             on
             us
             ,
             it
             seems
             as
             natural
             and
             necessary
             to
             fear
             and
             reverence
             ,
             to
             honour
             and
             worship
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             give
             them
             thanks
             for
             their
             care
             and
             patronage
             of
             us
             ,
             as
             it
             is
             to
             court
             a
             powerful
             Favourite
             ,
             who
             by
             his
             interest
             and
             authority
             can
             obtain
             any
             request
             we
             make
             to
             our
             Prince
             ;
             and
             the
             first
             seems
             to
             be
             no
             greater
             injury
             to
             God
             ,
             than
             the
             second
             is
             to
             a
             Prince
             .
             
             Thus
             St.
             
               Paul
            
             observes
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             a
             shew
             of
             humility
             in
             worshipping
             Angels
             ;
             that
             men
             dare
             not
             immediately
             approach
             so
             glorious
             a
             Majesty
             as
             God
             is
             ,
             but
             make
             their
             addresses
             by
             those
             excellent
             spirits
             which
             attend
             the
             Throne
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             are
             the
             Ministers
             of
             his
             Providence
             .
          
           
             But
             then
             every
             one
             who
             believes
             that
             there
             is
             one
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             who
             made
             all
             other
             Beings
             ,
             though
             never
             so
             perfect
             and
             excellent
             ,
             must
             acknowledge
             ,
             that
             as
             there
             is
             nothing
             common
             to
             God
             and
             Creatures
             ,
             so
             there
             must
             be
             a
             peculiar
             Worship
             due
             to
             God
             ,
             which
             no
             Creatures
             can
             challenge
             any
             share
             in
             .
             It
             is
             no
             affront
             to
             a
             Prince
             to
             pay
             some
             inferiour
             degrees
             of
             civil
             honour
             and
             respect
             to
             his
             Ministers
             and
             Favourites
             ,
             because
             as
             the
             difference
             
             between
             a
             Prince
             and
             his
             Subjects
             is
             not
             founded
             in
             nature
             ,
             but
             in
             civil
             order
             ;
             so
             there
             are
             different
             degrees
             of
             civil
             respect
             proportioned
             to
             the
             different
             ranks
             and
             degrees
             of
             men
             in
             the
             Common-wealth
             .
             There
             is
             a
             degree
             of
             preheminency
             which
             is
             sacred
             and
             peculiar
             to
             the
             Person
             of
             the
             Prince
             ,
             and
             no
             Prince
             will
             suffer
             his
             greatest
             Favourite
             to
             usurp
             the
             Prerogative
             honours
             which
             belong
             to
             the
             Crown
             ;
             but
             while
             they
             are
             contented
             with
             such
             respects
             as
             are
             due
             to
             their
             rank
             and
             station
             ,
             this
             is
             no
             injury
             to
             the
             Prince
             ;
             for
             all
             civil
             honour
             is
             not
             peculiar
             to
             the
             Prince
             ,
             but
             only
             a
             supereminent
             degree
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             therefore
             inferiour
             degrees
             of
             honour
             may
             be
             given
             to
             other
             persons
             .
          
           
             But
             though
             there
             are
             different
             degrees
             of
             civil
             honour
             proper
             to
             different
             ranks
             and
             degrees
             of
             men
             ,
             who
             all
             partake
             in
             the
             same
             nature
             ,
             and
             are
             distinguisht
             only
             by
             their
             different
             places
             in
             the
             Common-wealth
             ;
             yet
             in
             this
             sense
             there
             are
             no
             different
             degrees
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             .
             All
             Religious
             Worship
             is
             peculiar
             to
             the
             Divine
             Nature
             ,
             which
             is
             but
             one
             ,
             and
             common
             only
             to
             three
             Divine
             Persons
             ,
             Father
             ,
             Son
             ,
             and
             Holy
             Ghost
             ,
             one
             God
             blessed
             for
             ever
             ,
             Amen
             .
             Civil
             honour
             and
             Religious
             Worship
             differ
             in
             the
             whole
             kind
             and
             species
             of
             actions
             ,
             and
             have
             as
             different
             objects
             as
             God
             and
             Creatures
             ;
             and
             we
             may
             as
             well
             argue
             from
             those
             different
             degrees
             of
             civil
             honour
             among
             men
             ,
             to
             prove
             that
             there
             is
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             civil
             honour
             due
             to
             Beasts
             ,
             as
             that
             there
             is
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             due
             to
             some
             men
             .
             For
             all
             degrees
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             are
             as
             peculiar
             and
             appropriate
             to
             God
             ,
             as
             civil
             respects
             are
             to
             men
             ,
             and
             as
             the
             highest
             degree
             of
             civil
             honour
             is
             to
             a
             Soveraign
             Prince
             .
          
           
             However
             should
             we
             grant
             ,
             that
             some
             excellent
             Creatures
             might
             be
             capable
             of
             some
             inferiour
             degrees
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             ;
             yet
             as
             the
             Prince
             is
             the
             fountain
             of
             civil
             
             honour
             ,
             which
             no
             Subject
             must
             presume
             to
             usurp
             ,
             without
             a
             grant
             from
             his
             Prince
             ,
             so
             no
             Creature
             ,
             how
             excellent
             soever
             ,
             has
             any
             natural
             and
             inherent
             right
             to
             any
             degree
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             and
             therefore
             we
             must
             not
             presume
             to
             worship
             any
             Creature
             without
             Gods
             command
             ,
             nor
             to
             pay
             any
             other
             degree
             of
             Worship
             to
             them
             ,
             but
             what
             God
             has
             prescribed
             and
             instituted
             ;
             and
             the
             only
             way
             to
             know
             this
             ,
             is
             to
             examine
             the
             Scriptures
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             only
             external
             revelation
             we
             have
             of
             the
             will
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             Let
             us
             then
             inquire
             ,
             what
             the
             sense
             of
             Scripture
             is
             in
             this
             controversie
             ;
             and
             I
             shall
             distinctly
             examine
             the
             testimonies
             both
             of
             the
             Old
             and
             New
             Testament
             ,
             concerning
             the
             object
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             II.
             
          
           
             The
             Testimonies
             of
             the
             Mosaical
             Law
             considered
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             TO
             begin
             with
             the
             Old
             Testament
             ;
             
             and
             nothing
             is
             more
             plain
             in
             all
             the
             Scripture
             ,
             than
             that
             the
             Laws
             of
             
               Moses
            
             confine
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             that
             one
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             who
             Created
             the
             Heavens
             and
             the
             Earth
             .
             For
             ,
          
           
             1.
             
             The
             
               Israelites
            
             were
             expresly
             commanded
             to
             Worship
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             and
             to
             Worship
             no
             other
             Being
             ;
             as
             our
             Saviour
             himself
             assures
             us
             ,
             who
             I
             suppose
             will
             be
             allowed
             for
             a
             very
             good
             Expositor
             of
             the
             Laws
             of
             
               Moses
               .
               It
               is
               written
               ,
            
             
             
               thou
               shalt
               worship
               the
               Lord
               thy
               God
               ,
               and
               him
               only
               shalt
               thou
               serve
               .
            
             In
             the
             
               Hebrew
            
             Text
             ,
             from
             whence
             our
             Saviour
             cites
             this
             Law
             ,
             it
             is
             only
             said
             ,
             
               Thou
               shalt
               fear
               the
               Lord
               thy
               God
               ,
               and
               serve
               him
               ,
            
             without
             that
             addition
             ,
             
               of
               him
               only
               .
            
             And
             yet
             both
             the
             Septuagint
             and
             the
             vulgar
             
             Latine
             ,
             read
             the
             words
             as
             our
             Saviour
             doth
             ,
             
               him
               only
               shalt
               thou
               serve
               ;
            
             and
             the
             authority
             of
             our
             Saviour
             is
             sufficient
             to
             justifie
             this
             Interpretation
             ;
             and
             withal
             ,
             gives
             us
             a
             general
             rule
             ,
             which
             puts
             an
             end
             to
             this
             controversie
             ;
             that
             as
             often
             as
             we
             are
             commanded
             in
             Scripture
             to
             worship
             God
             ,
             we
             are
             commanded
             also
             to
             worship
             none
             besides
             him
             .
          
           
             For
             indeed
             the
             first
             Commandment
             is
             very
             express
             in
             this
             matter
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             Laws
             which
             concern
             the
             object
             of
             Worship
             ,
             must
             in
             all
             reason
             be
             expounded
             by
             that
             .
             
               Thou
               shalt
               have
               none
               other
               Gods
               before
               me
               .
            
             
             The
             Septuagint
             renders
             it
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             besides
             me
             ;
             so
             does
             the
             
               Chaldee
               ,
               Syriack
               ,
            
             and
             
               Arabick
            
             to
             the
             same
             sense
             .
             And
             it
             is
             universally
             concluded
             by
             all
             Expositors
             that
             I
             have
             seen
             ,
             that
             the
             true
             interpretation
             of
             this
             Commandment
             is
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             Worship
             no
             other
             God
             ,
             but
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               .
            
             To
             pay
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             any
             Being
             ,
             does
             in
             the
             Scripture
             notion
             ,
             make
             that
             Being
             our
             God
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             only
             reason
             ,
             why
             they
             are
             commanded
             not
             
               to
               have
               any
               other
               Gods.
            
             For
             there
             is
             but
             one
             true
             God
             ,
             and
             therefore
             in
             a
             strict
             sense
             ,
             they
             can
             have
             no
             other
             Gods
             ,
             because
             there
             are
             no
             other
             Gods
             to
             be
             had
             ;
             but
             whatever
             Beings
             they
             worship
             ,
             they
             make
             that
             their
             God
             by
             worshipping
             it
             ;
             and
             so
             the
             Heathens
             had
             a
             great
             many
             Gods
             ,
             but
             the
             
               Jews
            
             are
             commanded
             to
             have
             but
             one
             God
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             to
             worship
             none
             else
             besides
             him
             .
          
           
             In
             other
             places
             God
             expresly
             forbids
             them
             to
             worship
             any
             
               strange
               Gods
               ,
               or
               the
               Gods
               of
               the
               people
               ,
               or
               those
               Nations
               that
               were
               round
               about
               them
               .
            
             And
             least
             we
             should
             suspect
             ,
             
             that
             they
             were
             forbid
             to
             worship
             the
             Gods
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             only
             because
             those
             Heathen
             Idolaters
             worshipped
             Devils
             and
             wicked
             Spirits
             ,
             the
             Prophet
             
               Jeremiah
            
             gives
             us
             a
             general
             notion
             ,
             who
             are
             to
             be
             reputed
             false
             Gods
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             be
             worshipped
             .
             
               Thus
               shall
               ye
               say
               unto
               them
               ,
            
             
             
               the
               Gods
               that
               have
               not
               made
               the
               Heavens
               and
               the
               
               Earth
               ,
               even
               they
               shall
               perish
               from
               the
               Earth
               ,
               and
               from
               under
               these
               Heavens
               .
            
             So
             that
             whatever
             Being
             is
             worshipped
             ,
             whether
             it
             be
             a
             good
             or
             a
             bad
             Spirit
             ,
             which
             did
             not
             make
             the
             Heavens
             and
             the
             Earth
             ,
             is
             a
             false
             God
             to
             such
             Worshippers
             :
             and
             I
             suppose
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             will
             not
             say
             ,
             that
             Saints
             or
             Angels
             ,
             or
             the
             Virgin
             
               Mary
            
             (
             as
             much
             as
             they
             magnifie
             her
             )
             made
             the
             Heavens
             and
             the
             Earth
             .
             And
             then
             according
             to
             this
             rule
             they
             ought
             not
             to
             be
             worshipt
             .
          
           
             But
             to
             put
             this
             past
             doubt
             ,
             that
             the
             true
             meaning
             of
             these
             Laws
             is
             to
             forbid
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             I
             shall
             observe
             two
             or
             three
             things
             in
             our
             Saviours
             answer
             to
             the
             Devils
             temptation
             ,
             which
             will
             give
             great
             light
             and
             strength
             to
             it
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             That
             our
             Saviour
             absolutely
             rejects
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             together
             with
             the
             Supreme
             God.
             The
             thing
             our
             Saviour
             condemns
             ,
             is
             not
             the
             renouncing
             the
             worship
             of
             God
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             Creatures
             ,
             (
             for
             the
             Devil
             never
             tempted
             him
             to
             this
             )
             but
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             God
             ,
             though
             we
             still
             continue
             to
             worship
             the
             Supreme
             God.
             
               It
               is
               written
               ,
               thou
               shalt
               worship
               the
               Lord
               thy
               God
               ,
               and
               him
               only
               shalt
               thou
               serve
               .
            
             Which
             is
             a
             plain
             demonstration
             ,
             that
             men
             may
             believe
             &
             worship
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             and
             yet
             be
             Idolaters
             ,
             if
             they
             worship
             any
             thing
             else
             besides
             him
             .
             The
             Devil
             did
             not
             desire
             our
             Saviour
             to
             renounce
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             but
             was
             contented
             ,
             that
             he
             should
             worship
             God
             still
             ,
             so
             he
             would
             but
             worship
             him
             also
             .
             And
             therefore
             it
             is
             no
             reason
             to
             excuse
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             from
             Idolatry
             ,
             because
             they
             worship
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ;
             this
             they
             may
             do
             ,
             and
             be
             Idolaters
             still
             ;
             for
             Idolatry
             does
             not
             consist
             meerly
             in
             renouncing
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             but
             in
             worshipping
             any
             thing
             else
             ,
             though
             we
             continue
             to
             worship
             him
             .
             When
             the
             
               Jews
            
             worshipt
             their
             
               Baalims
            
             and
             false
             
             gods
             ,
             they
             did
             not
             wholly
             renounce
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             God
             of
             
               Israel
               ;
            
             and
             the
             Heathens
             themselves
             ,
             especially
             the
             wisest
             men
             amongst
             them
             ,
             did
             acknowledge
             one
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             though
             they
             worshipt
             a
             great
             many
             inferiour
             Deities
             with
             him
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             Our
             Saviour
             in
             his
             answer
             to
             the
             Devils
             temptation
             ,
             does
             not
             urge
             his
             being
             a
             wicked
             and
             Apostate
             Spirit
             ,
             an
             enemy
             and
             a
             rebel
             against
             God
             ,
             but
             gives
             such
             a
             reason
             why
             he
             could
             not
             worship
             him
             ,
             as
             equally
             excludes
             all
             Creatures
             ,
             whether
             good
             or
             bad
             Spirits
             ,
             from
             any
             right
             to
             Divine
             Worship
             .
             
               Thou
               shalt
               worship
               the
               Lord
               thy
               God
               ,
               and
               him
               only
               shalt
               thou
               serve
               .
            
             Him
             and
             none
             else
             ,
             whether
             they
             be
             good
             or
             bad
             Spirits
             ,
             for
             our
             Saviour
             does
             not
             confine
             his
             answer
             to
             either
             ,
             and
             therefore
             includes
             them
             both
             .
          
           
             When
             we
             charge
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             with
             too
             plain
             an
             imitation
             of
             the
             Pagan
             Idolatry
             in
             that
             worship
             they
             paid
             to
             their
             inf●riour
             Daemons
             ,
             which
             was
             nothing
             more
             ,
             than
             what
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             now
             gives
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ;
             they
             think
             it
             a
             sufficient
             answer
             ,
             that
             the
             Heathens
             worshipt
             Devils
             and
             Apostate
             Spirits
             ,
             but
             they
             worship
             only
             the
             Friends
             and
             Favourites
             of
             God
             ,
             blessed
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             .
          
           
             Now
             I
             shall
             not
             at
             present
             examine
             the
             truth
             of
             this
             pretence
             ,
             but
             shall
             refer
             my
             Reader
             to
             a
             more
             Learned
             person
             for
             satisfaction
             in
             this
             matter
             ;
             but
             if
             it
             were
             true
             ,
             
             yet
             it
             is
             nothing
             to
             the
             purpose
             ,
             if
             our
             Saviours
             answer
             to
             the
             Devil
             be
             good
             .
          
           
             For
             let
             us
             suppose
             ,
             that
             the
             Pope
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             who
             calls
             himself
             Christs
             Vicar
             ,
             had
             at
             this
             time
             been
             in
             Christ's
             stead
             to
             have
             answered
             the
             Devils
             temptations
             ,
             and
             let
             us
             be
             so
             charitable
             for
             once
             as
             to
             suppose
             that
             (
             saving
             always
             his
             indirect
             power
             over
             the
             Kingdoms
             of
             this
             world
             in
             or
             line
             ad
             spiritualia
             )
             he
             would
             not
             worship
             the
             Devil
             to
             gain
             all
             the
             Kingdoms
             of
             the
             World
             and
             the
             Glory
             of
             
             them
             .
             Consider
             then
             ,
             how
             the
             Pope
             of
             
               Rome
            
             could
             answer
             this
             Temptation
             ;
             
               All
               this
               I
               will
               give
               thee
               ,
               if
               thou
               wilt
               fall
               down
               and
               worship
               me
               :
            
             could
             he
             answer
             as
             our
             Saviour
             does
             ?
             
               It
               is
               written
               ,
               thou
               shalt
               worship
               the
               Lord
               thy
               God
               ,
               and
               him
               onely
               shalt
               thou
               serve
               .
            
             How
             easily
             might
             the
             Devil
             reply
             ,
             Is
             this
             indeed
             your
             infallible
             Opinion
             ,
             and
             the
             judgment
             and
             practice
             of
             your
             Church
             
               to
               serve
               God
               onely
               ?
            
             do
             you
             not
             also
             serve
             and
             worship
             St.
             
               Paul
            
             and
             St.
             
               Peter
               ,
            
             and
             the
             Virgin
             
               Mary
               ,
            
             besides
             a
             great
             many
             other
             obscure
             and
             doubtful
             Saints
             ?
             This
             is
             down
             right
             Heresie
             to
             confine
             all
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             God
             ;
             Here
             now
             is
             matter
             of
             fact
             against
             the
             Pope
             ,
             that
             he
             does
             worship
             other
             Beings
             besides
             God
             ,
             and
             if
             he
             will
             shew
             any
             reason
             for
             his
             not
             worshipping
             the
             Devil
             ,
             he
             must
             quite
             alter
             our
             Saviours
             answer
             ,
             and
             not
             plead
             for
             himself
             ,
             that
             he
             is
             bound
             to
             worship
             God
             and
             him
             onely
             ,
             but
             that
             he
             is
             bound
             to
             worship
             onely
             God
             and
             good
             Spirits
             ;
             and
             therefore
             the
             Devil
             being
             a
             wicked
             and
             Apostate
             Spirit
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             lawful
             to
             worship
             him
             .
             So
             that
             if
             our
             Saviour
             gave
             a
             sufficient
             answer
             to
             the
             Devils
             temptation
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             equally
             unlawful
             to
             worship
             good
             and
             bad
             Spirits
             ;
             there
             may
             be
             some
             peculiar
             aggravations
             in
             having
             communion
             with
             Devils
             ,
             but
             the
             Idolatry
             of
             worshipping
             good
             and
             bad
             Spirits
             is
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             Our
             Saviours
             answer
             to
             the
             Devil
             ,
             appropriates
             all
             kinds
             and
             degrees
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             God
             alone
             .
             The
             Devil
             was
             not
             then
             so
             good
             a
             School-man
             ,
             as
             nicely
             to
             distinguish
             &
             dispute
             the
             degrees
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             with
             our
             Saviour
             ,
             but
             would
             have
             been
             contented
             with
             any
             degree
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             .
             He
             did
             not
             pretend
             to
             be
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             nor
             to
             have
             the
             disposal
             of
             all
             the
             Kingdoms
             of
             the
             world
             in
             his
             own
             right
             ;
             but
             acknowledges
             ,
             
             that
             
               it
               was
               delivered
               to
               him
               ,
            
             and
             now
             by
             vertue
             of
             that
             grant
             ,
             
               he
               gives
               it
               to
               whom
               he
               
               will.
            
             Now
             it
             is
             impossible
             in
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             thing
             to
             worship
             any
             Being
             as
             Supreme
             ,
             whom
             at
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             we
             acknowledge
             not
             to
             be
             Supreme
             .
             And
             therefore
             the
             Devil
             asks
             no
             more
             of
             our
             Saviour
             ,
             than
             that
             
               he
               would
               fall
               down
               and
               worship
               him
               ;
            
             which
             is
             such
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             Worship
             ,
             as
             Papists
             every
             day
             pay
             to
             Images
             and
             Saints
             ;
             and
             yet
             this
             our
             Saviour
             refuses
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             this
             reason
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             worship
             God
             only
             ,
             which
             must
             signifie
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             not
             give
             the
             least
             degree
             of
             Divine
             Worship
             to
             any
             Creatures
             ;
             or
             else
             it
             is
             not
             a
             satisfactory
             answer
             to
             the
             Devils
             Temptation
             ,
             who
             did
             not
             require
             any
             certain
             and
             determinate
             degree
             of
             Worship
             ,
             but
             left
             him
             at
             liberty
             to
             use
             what
             distinctions
             he
             pleased
             ,
             and
             to
             pay
             what
             degree
             of
             Worship
             he
             saw
             fit
             ;
             whether
             absolute
             or
             relative
             ,
             supreme
             or
             subordinate
             ,
             terminative
             or
             transient
             ,
             so
             he
             would
             but
             fall
             down
             and
             worship
             him
             any
             way
             ,
             or
             in
             any
             degree
             ,
             he
             left
             him
             to
             be
             his
             own
             Schoolman
             and
             Cas●ist
             ;
             but
             of
             this
             more
             presently
             .
          
           
             11.
             
             As
             the
             Laws
             of
             
               Moses
            
             in
             general
             ,
             appropriate
             all
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             God
             ,
             command
             us
             to
             worship
             God
             ,
             and
             him
             only
             ,
             so
             the
             whole
             Jewish
             Rellgion
             was
             fitted
             only
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               .
            
          
           
             I
             suppose
             our
             Adversaries
             will
             not
             deny
             ,
             that
             the
             Tabernacle
             and
             Temple
             at
             
               Jerusalem
            
             was
             peculiarly
             consecrated
             to
             the
             honour
             and
             worship
             of
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               :
            
             this
             was
             the
             house
             where
             he
             dwelt
             ,
             where
             he
             plac●●
             his
             Name
             ,
             and
             the
             Symbols
             of
             his
             presence
             .
             It
             was
             a
             great
             profanation
             of
             that
             holy
             place
             ,
             to
             have
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             strange
             Gods
             set
             up
             in
             it
             ;
             and
             yet
             this
             was
             the
             only
             place
             of
             Worship
             appointed
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
               ▪
            
             they
             had
             but
             one
             Temple
             to
             worship
             in
             ,
             and
             this
             one
             Temple
             consecrated
             to
             the
             peculiar
             worship
             of
             one
             God
             ;
             which
             is
             a
             plain
             demonstration
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             not
             allowed
             to
             worship
             any
             other
             God
             ,
             because
             they
             had
             no
             place
             to
             worship
             him
             in
             .
          
           
           
             And
             this
             I
             think
             is
             a
             plain
             proof
             ,
             that
             all
             that
             worship
             which
             was
             confined
             to
             their
             Temple
             ,
             or
             related
             to
             it
             ,
             was
             peculiar
             to
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             because
             that
             was
             his
             house
             ,
             and
             then
             all
             the
             Jewish
             worship
             was
             so
             ,
             which
             was
             either
             to
             be
             performed
             at
             the
             Temple
             ,
             or
             had
             a
             relation
             and
             dependance
             on
             the
             Temple
             worship
             .
          
           
             Sacrifice
             was
             the
             principal
             part
             of
             the
             Jewish
             worship
             ,
             and
             this
             we
             know
             was
             confined
             to
             the
             Temple
             .
             
               Moses
            
             expresly
             commands
             
               Israel
               ,
               Take
               heed
               to
               thy self
               ,
               that
               thou
               offer
               not
               thy
               burnt
               offerings
               in
               every
               place
               that
               thou
               seest
               .
            
             
             
               But
               in
               the
               place
               which
               the
               Lord
               shall
               choose
               in
               one
               of
               thy
               Tribes
               ,
               there
               shalt
               thou
               offer
               thy
               burnt
               offerings
               ,
               and
               there
               shult
               thou
               do
               all
               that
               I
               command
               thee
               .
            
             The
             Prophets
             indeed
             ,
             especially
             before
             the
             building
             of
             the
             Temple
             ,
             did
             erect
             Altars
             at
             other
             places
             for
             occasional
             Sacrifices
             ,
             for
             as
             God
             reserved
             a
             liberty
             to
             himself
             to
             dispense
             with
             his
             own
             Law
             in
             extraordinary
             cases
             ,
             so
             it
             was
             presumed
             ,
             that
             what
             was
             done
             by
             Prophets
             ,
             was
             done
             by
             a
             Divine
             command
             ;
             but
             there
             was
             to
             be
             no
             ordinary
             or
             standing
             Altar
             for
             Sacrifice
             ,
             but
             at
             the
             Tabernacle
             or
             Temple
             ;
             this
             we
             may
             see
             in
             that
             dispute
             which
             had
             like
             to
             have
             hapned
             between
             the
             Children
             of
             
               Israel
            
             and
             the
             Tribes
             of
             
               Reuben
            
             and
             
               Gad
               ,
            
             and
             the
             half
             Tribe
             of
             
               Manasseh
               ,
            
             about
             the
             Altar
             of
             Testimony
             ,
             which
             these
             two
             Tribes
             and
             a
             half
             built
             on
             the
             other
             side
             of
             
               Jordan
               .
            
             
             It
             was
             agreed
             on
             all
             hands
             ,
             that
             had
             it
             been
             intended
             for
             an
             Altar
             for
             Sacrifice
             ,
             it
             had
             been
             Rebellion
             against
             the
             Lord
             to
             have
             built
             any
             Altar
             beside
             the
             Altar
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
             
             though
             they
             had
             offered
             no
             Sacrifice
             but
             to
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               .
            
             The
             same
             is
             evident
             from
             Gods
             dislike
             of
             their
             offering
             Sacrifices
             in
             their
             high
             places
             ,
             though
             they
             sacrificed
             only
             to
             the
             God
             of
             
               Israel
               .
            
             So
             that
             all
             Sacrifices
             were
             to
             be
             offered
             at
             the
             Temple
             on
             the
             Altar
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             therefore
             were
             offered
             only
             to
             that
             God
             ,
             whose
             Temple
             and
             Altar
             it
             was
             .
             And
             indeed
             this
             is
             expresly
             
             provided
             for
             in
             the
             Law.
             
             
               He
               that
               sacrificeth
               to
               any
               God
               ,
               but
               to
               the
               Lord
               only
               ,
               shall
               be
               utterly
               destroyed
               .
            
          
           
             And
             as
             their
             Sacrifices
             were
             appropriated
             to
             the
             Temple
             ,
             so
             in
             some
             sense
             were
             their
             Prayers
             ,
             which
             were
             offered
             up
             in
             vertue
             of
             their
             Sacrifice
             .
             And
             therefore
             this
             is
             a
             peculiar
             name
             for
             the
             Temple
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             
               the
               House
               of
               Prayer
               .
            
             
             Here
             God
             was
             more
             immediately
             present
             to
             hear
             those
             Prayers
             which
             were
             offered
             to
             him
             ,
             according
             to
             
               Solomons
            
             Prayer
             at
             the
             Dedication
             of
             the
             Temple
             .
             It
             is
             true
             ,
             the
             devout
             
               Jews
            
             did
             pray
             to
             God
             where
             ever
             they
             were
             ,
             though
             at
             a
             great
             distance
             from
             the
             Temple
             ,
             whether
             in
             the
             land
             of
             
               Canaan
               ,
            
             or
             out
             of
             it
             ,
             but
             then
             there
             are
             two
             things
             ,
             which
             shew
             that
             relation
             their
             Prayers
             had
             to
             the
             Temple
             Worship
             .
             1.
             
             That
             their
             stated
             hours
             of
             Prayer
             were
             the
             hours
             of
             Sacrifice
             ,
             which
             plainly
             signified
             ,
             that
             they
             offered
             up
             their
             Prayers
             in
             conjunction
             with
             those
             Sacrifices
             ,
             which
             were
             at
             that
             time
             offered
             in
             the
             Temple
             ;
             and
             therefore
             that
             they
             prayed
             only
             to
             that
             God
             to
             whom
             they
             sacrificed
             ;
             for
             we
             must
             consider
             ,
             that
             the
             constant
             morning
             and
             evening
             Sacrifices
             ,
             were
             not
             particular
             Sacrifices
             ,
             but
             were
             offered
             for
             the
             whole
             Congregation
             of
             
               Israel
               ;
            
             and
             therefore
             every
             man
             had
             a
             share
             in
             them
             .
             Hence
             the
             time
             of
             offering
             the
             Sacrifice
             ,
             is
             called
             the
             hour
             of
             Prayer
             .
             Thus
             
               Peter
               and
               John
               went
               up
               together
               into
               the
               Temple
               ,
               at
               the
               hour
               of
               Prayer
               ,
               being
               the
               ninth
               hour
               ;
            
             
             that
             is
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Evening
             Sacrifice
             .
             Hence
             are
             such
             expressions
             as
             that
             of
             the
             Psalmist
             ,
             
               Let
               my
               Prayer
               be
               set
               before
               thee
               as
               Incense
               ,
               and
               the
               lifting
               up
               of
               my
               hands
               ,
               as
               the
               Evening
               Sacrifice
               .
            
             Nay
             ,
             it
             is
             most
             probable
             ,
             that
             when
             
               Jerusalem
            
             and
             the
             Temple
             were
             destroyed
             ,
             and
             the
             people
             carryed
             captive
             into
             
               Babylon
               ,
            
             and
             the
             daily
             Sacrifice
             ceast
             ,
             yet
             the
             devout
             people
             observed
             the
             hour
             of
             Sacrifice
             for
             their
             Prayers
             .
             Thus
             
               Daniel
            
             prayed
             three
             times
             a
             day
             ,
             which
             most
             likely
             were
             Evening
             and
             Morning
             ,
             
             and
             Noon
             .
             
             Where
             Evening
             and
             Morning
             no
             doubt
             signifie
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Evening
             and
             Morning
             Sacrifice
             ;
             and
             we
             are
             told
             ,
             that
             the
             Angel
             
               Gabriel
            
             came
             to
             
               Daniel
            
             while
             he
             was
             praying
             ,
             
             and
             touched
             him
             about
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Evening
             oblation
             .
             But
             2ly
             besides
             this
             ,
             when
             they
             offered
             up
             their
             Prayers
             to
             God
             in
             other
             parts
             of
             the
             Nation
             ,
             or
             in
             other
             Countries
             ,
             they
             prayed
             towards
             
               Jerusalem
               ,
            
             and
             the
             Temple
             of
             God
             ,
             as
             we
             now
             lift
             up
             our
             eyes
             to
             Heaven
             ,
             where
             God
             dwells
             .
             Thus
             
               Solomon
            
             in
             his
             Prayer
             of
             Dedication
             ,
             does
             not
             only
             beg
             of
             God
             to
             hear
             those
             Prayers
             ,
             which
             were
             made
             to
             him
             in
             that
             house
             ,
             but
             those
             also
             which
             were
             made
             towards
             it
             ,
             as
             the
             words
             must
             signifie
             in
             several
             places
             .
             In
             general
             he
             prays
             ,
             
             
               Hearken
               thou
               to
               the
               Prayer
               of
               thy
               servant
               ,
               and
               of
               thy
               people
            
             Israel
             ,
             
               when
               they
               shall
               pray
               towards
               this
               place
               ;
            
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             may
             signifie
             both
             in
             and
             towards
             this
             place
             ,
             and
             here
             includes
             both
             ,
             as
             appears
             from
             the
             following
             instances
             ,
             which
             refer
             both
             to
             Prayers
             made
             in
             the
             Temple
             ,
             and
             to
             those
             Prayers
             which
             were
             made
             towards
             the
             Temple
             by
             persons
             who
             were
             at
             a
             distance
             .
             Thus
             in
             what
             ever
             part
             of
             the
             Nation
             they
             wanted
             rain
             ,
             which
             might
             be
             at
             a
             great
             distance
             from
             
               Jerusalem
               ,
            
             they
             were
             to
             pray
             towards
             this
             place
             .
             
             The
             same
             was
             to
             be
             done
             in
             case
             of
             Famine
             and
             Pestilence
             ,
             
               &c.
            
             or
             if
             they
             were
             besieged
             in
             any
             of
             their
             Cities
             ,
             when
             they
             could
             not
             go
             to
             the
             Temple
             to
             pray
             .
             
             Nay
             ,
             
               What
               Prayer
               or
               supplication
               soever
               shall
               be
               made
               by
               any
               man
               ,
               or
               by
               all
               thy
               people
            
             Israel
             ,
             
               which
               shall
               know
               every
               man
               the
               plague
               of
               his
               own
               heart
               ,
            
             
             
               and
               spread
               forth
               his
               hands
               towards
               this
               house
               ,
               then
               hear
               thou
               in
               Heaven
               thy
               dwelling
               place
               and
               forgive
               .
            
             Thus
             when
             they
             went
             out
             to
             battle
             ,
             they
             were
             to
             pray
             towards
             the
             City
             of
             
               Jerusalem
               ,
            
             
             and
             towards
             the
             Temple
             .
             And
             when
             they
             were
             carryed
             captive
             into
             their
             enemies
             land
             ,
             they
             were
             to
             pray
             to
             God
             toward
             the
             land
             which
             God
             had
             given
             them
             ,
             towards
             the
             Holy
             City
             ,
             and
             towards
             
             the
             Temple
             .
             And
             accordingly
             it
             was
             the
             constant
             practice
             of
             
               Daniel
               ,
            
             
             when
             he
             was
             in
             
               Babylon
               ,
            
             to
             pray
             three
             times
             a
             day
             to
             God
             ,
             with
             his
             windows
             open
             in
             his
             chamber
             toward
             
               Jerusalem
               .
            
             
          
           
             So
             that
             though
             the
             Temple
             were
             not
             the
             onely
             place
             where
             they
             might
             lawfully
             pray
             to
             God
             ;
             yet
             all
             their
             Prayers
             were
             to
             be
             directed
             to
             the
             Temple
             ,
             and
             receive
             their
             vertue
             and
             acceptation
             from
             their
             relation
             to
             the
             Temple
             and
             the
             Temple-Worship
             .
             This
             was
             a
             standing
             rule
             for
             the
             whole
             Jewish
             Nation
             ,
             that
             whenever
             they
             prayed
             ,
             they
             offered
             up
             their
             prayers
             in
             the
             Temple
             or
             towards
             it
             ;
             and
             this
             is
             generally
             observed
             by
             them
             to
             this
             day
             :
             For
             the
             reason
             why
             they
             generally
             now
             turn
             themselves
             towards
             the
             East
             when
             they
             pray
             ,
             is
             not
             out
             of
             any
             respect
             to
             the
             rising
             of
             the
             Sun
             ,
             but
             because
             they
             live
             in
             Western
             Countries
             ;
             
             and
             so
             by
             turning
             to
             the
             East
             ,
             they
             look
             towards
             
               Jerusalem
               ,
            
             and
             the
             place
             where
             the
             Temple
             stood
             .
             And
             this
             is
             as
             plain
             evidence
             ,
             that
             all
             their
             Prayers
             as
             well
             as
             Sacrifices
             ,
             were
             to
             be
             offered
             onely
             to
             that
             God
             who
             dwelt
             in
             the
             Temple
             .
             And
             therefore
             as
             they
             are
             commanded
             to
             pray
             to
             God
             ,
             
             and
             this
             is
             made
             the
             peculiar
             attribute
             of
             God
             ,
             
               that
               he
               heareth
               prayers
               ,
               and
               therefore
               unto
               him
               shall
               all
               flesh
               come
               ;
            
             so
             they
             are
             expresly
             commanded
             
               not
               to
               make
               mention
               of
               the
               name
               of
               the
               Heathen
               gods
               ;
            
             that
             is
             ,
             not
             to
             pray
             to
             them
             ;
             the
             prayers
             of
             the
             Heathens
             consisting
             of
             a
             frequent
             repetition
             of
             the
             names
             of
             their
             gods
             ,
             as
             we
             see
             in
             the
             priests
             of
             
               Baal
               ,
            
             who
             cried
             from
             morning
             till
             evening
             ,
             
             saying
             ,
             
               O
               Baal
               hear
               us
               .
            
          
           
             Thus
             the
             Jews
             were
             commanded
             to
             bring
             all
             their
             Vows
             ,
             first
             Fruits
             ,
             Tythes
             ,
             and
             Offerings
             ,
             to
             the
             Temple
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             plain
             sign
             to
             whom
             they
             were
             offered
             .
             The
             Seventh-day-Sabbath
             was
             a
             sign
             that
             they
             worshipt
             that
             God
             who
             created
             the
             world
             in
             six
             days
             ,
             and
             rested
             on
             the
             seventh
             ,
             and
             delivered
             them
             from
             their
             Aegyptian
             
             Bondage
             ,
             and
             gave
             them
             rest
             in
             that
             good
             Land
             ,
             both
             which
             reasons
             are
             assigned
             by
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             and
             therefore
             God
             commands
             them
             by
             the
             Prophet
             
               Ezekiel
               ,
            
             
             
               Hallow
               my
               sabbaths
               ,
               and
               they
               shall
               be
               a
               sign
               between
               me
               and
               you
               ,
               that
               ye
               may
               know
               that
               I
               am
               the
               Lord
               your
               God.
               
            
          
           
             They
             had
             but
             three
             solemn
             Festivals
             every
             year
             ,
             and
             they
             were
             all
             in
             remembrance
             of
             the
             great
             Works
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Males
             were
             to
             go
             up
             to
             
               Jerusalem
            
             to
             keep
             these
             Feasts
             ;
             and
             therefore
             all
             these
             were
             the
             Feasts
             of
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               .
            
          
           
             And
             as
             they
             were
             to
             pray
             onely
             to
             God
             ,
             so
             they
             were
             onely
             to
             swear
             by
             his
             Name
             ,
             which
             is
             another
             part
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             ;
             
             and
             therefore
             to
             swear
             by
             the
             Lord
             of
             Hosts
             is
             called
             the
             Language
             of
             
               Canaan
               .
            
          
           
             So
             that
             all
             the
             parts
             of
             the
             Jewish
             Worship
             were
             appropriated
             to
             the
             Lord
             Jehovah
             ,
             he
             was
             the
             onely
             object
             of
             their
             dread
             and
             fear
             ,
             and
             religious
             Adorations
             .
             And
             when
             we
             consider
             that
             God
             had
             chosen
             them
             to
             be
             a
             peculiar
             people
             to
             himself
             ,
             that
             the
             Land
             was
             a
             Holy
             Land
             ,
             Gods
             peculiar
             Inheritance
             ,
             which
             he
             gave
             by
             promise
             to
             their
             Fathers
             ,
             and
             the
             Temple
             was
             his
             House
             where
             he
             dwelt
             among
             them
             ,
             it
             cannot
             be
             expected
             that
             any
             other
             Gods
             might
             be
             worshipt
             by
             such
             a
             people
             ,
             in
             such
             a
             Land
             ,
             and
             in
             such
             a
             house
             ,
             as
             God
             had
             appropriated
             to
             himself
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             It
             is
             very
             considerable
             ,
             that
             we
             have
             no
             approved
             example
             under
             the
             Law
             ,
             of
             any
             worship
             pay'd
             to
             Saints
             or
             Angels
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             Being
             ,
             but
             God
             alone
             .
             We
             have
             too
             many
             sad
             examples
             of
             the
             Idolatry
             of
             the
             Jews
             both
             in
             worshipping
             the
             Molten
             Calf
             which
             
               Aaron
            
             made
             ,
             and
             
               Jeroboams
            
             Calves
             ,
             and
             
             Baalim's
             ,
             and
             other
             Heathen
             gods
             ;
             but
             had
             it
             been
             allowed
             by
             their
             Law
             to
             have
             pay'd
             any
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             (
             which
             is
             now
             asserted
             by
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             to
             be
             a
             matter
             of
             such
             great
             benefit
             and
             advantage
             
             to
             mankind
             )
             it
             is
             very
             strange
             ,
             that
             we
             should
             not
             have
             one
             example
             of
             it
             throughout
             the
             Scripture
             ,
             nor
             any
             authentick
             Records
             among
             the
             Jewish
             Writers
             :
             All
             the
             Psalms
             of
             
               David
            
             are
             directed
             to
             God
             alone
             ,
             and
             yet
             we
             cannot
             think
             but
             such
             a
             devout
             man
             would
             have
             bestowed
             some
             Hymns
             upon
             his
             Patron
             and
             tutelar
             Saints
             ,
             had
             he
             worshipt
             any
             such
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Papists
             do
             now
             .
          
           
             This
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             sees
             and
             acknowledges
             ,
             and
             thinks
             she
             answers
             too
             ,
             when
             she
             gives
             us
             the
             reason
             why
             it
             could
             not
             be
             so
             under
             the
             Law
             ;
             because
             those
             Old
             Testament-Saints
             were
             not
             then
             admitted
             into
             Heaven
             ,
             to
             the
             immediate
             vision
             and
             fruition
             of
             God
             ;
             Heaven-gates
             were
             not
             opened
             till
             the
             Resurrection
             and
             Ascension
             of
             our
             Saviour
             ,
             and
             therefore
             those
             blessed
             Spirits
             were
             not
             in
             a
             condition
             to
             be
             our
             Intercessors
             and
             Mediators
             ,
             till
             they
             were
             received
             into
             Heaven
             ;
             but
             now
             Saints
             and
             Martyrs
             ascend
             directly
             into
             Heaven
             ,
             and
             reign
             with
             Christ
             in
             Glory
             ,
             and
             it
             seems
             share
             with
             him
             in
             his
             peculiar
             Worship
             and
             Glory
             too
             .
          
           
             Now
             1
             ▪
             Whether
             this
             be
             so
             or
             not
             ,
             the
             Scriptures
             assign
             no
             such
             reason
             for
             it
             ;
             and
             therefore
             it
             is
             likely
             there
             might
             be
             other
             reasons
             ,
             and
             I
             think
             I
             have
             made
             it
             very
             plain
             that
             there
             was
             .
             We
             are
             not
             enquiring
             for
             what
             reasons
             the
             Jewish
             Church
             did
             not
             worship
             Saint
             and
             Angels
             ,
             but
             whether
             they
             did
             worship
             them
             or
             not
             ;
             and
             it
             appears
             that
             they
             never
             did
             ;
             so
             that
             we
             have
             neither
             precept
             nor
             example
             for
             this
             ,
             during
             all
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Jewish
             Church
             ▪
             Which
             is
             all
             we
             intend
             to
             prove
             by
             this
             argument
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             But
             yet
             it
             is
             evident
             ,
             that
             this
             is
             not
             a
             good
             reason
             why
             the
             Jews
             did
             not
             worship
             Angels
             under
             the
             Law.
             For
             certainly
             Angels
             were
             as
             much
             in
             Heaven
             then
             ,
             as
             they
             are
             now
             ,
             whatever
             Saints
             were
             .
             They
             are
             represented
             in
             the
             Old
             Testament
             ,
             as
             the
             constant
             Attendants
             and
             Retinue
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             great
             Ministers
             of
             his
             
             Providence
             ,
             and
             therefore
             they
             were
             as
             capable
             of
             Divine
             Worship
             in
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             as
             they
             are
             now
             ,
             nay
             ,
             I
             think
             ,
             a
             little
             more
             .
             For
             the
             Law
             it self
             was
             given
             by
             the
             Ministry
             of
             Angels
             ,
             and
             their
             appearances
             were
             more
             frequent
             and
             familiar
             ,
             and
             the
             world
             seemed
             to
             be
             more
             under
             the
             Government
             of
             Angels
             then
             ,
             than
             it
             is
             now
             ,
             since
             Christ
             is
             made
             the
             Head
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             and
             exalted
             above
             all
             principalities
             and
             powers
             .
          
           
             And
             therefore
             sometimes
             the
             Advocates
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             make
             some
             little
             offers
             to
             prove
             the
             worship
             of
             Angels
             in
             those
             days
             :
             to
             this
             purpose
             they
             alledge
             that
             form
             of
             Benediction
             ,
             which
             
               Jacob
            
             used
             in
             blessing
             the
             Sons
             of
             
               Joseph
               :
            
             
             
               The
               Angel
               which
               redeemed
               me
               from
               all
               evil
               ,
               bless
               the
               Lads
               .
            
          
           
             But
             1.
             
             This
             is
             not
             a
             direct
             prayer
             to
             the
             Angel
             ,
             but
             onely
             his
             committing
             of
             them
             to
             the
             care
             and
             patronage
             of
             that
             Angel
             ,
             with
             a
             prayer
             to
             God
             for
             that
             purpose
             :
             And
             if
             he
             by
             experience
             had
             found
             that
             God
             had
             appointed
             his
             Angel
             to
             defend
             and
             protect
             him
             ,
             it
             was
             but
             reasonable
             to
             pray
             to
             God
             ,
             that
             the
             same
             Angel
             might
             protect
             his
             posterity
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             But
             yet
             according
             to
             the
             sense
             of
             the
             Antient
             Fathers
             ,
             this
             was
             no
             created
             Angel
             and
             Spirit
             ,
             but
             the
             Son
             and
             Word
             of
             God
             ,
             the
             Angel
             of
             the
             presence
             ,
             who
             is
             so
             often
             in
             Scripture
             stiled
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             a
             name
             which
             can
             belong
             to
             no
             created
             Spirit
             .
             And
             it
             is
             no
             hard
             matter
             to
             make
             it
             highly
             probable
             ,
             that
             this
             is
             that
             Angel
             who
             redeemed
             
               Jacob
            
             out
             of
             all
             his
             troubles
             .
             But
             it
             is
             strange
             if
             Angels
             were
             worshipt
             under
             the
             Old
             Testament
             ,
             we
             should
             have
             no
             clearer
             and
             plainer
             evidence
             of
             it
             ,
             than
             such
             a
             single
             Text
             ,
             which
             was
             never
             expounded
             either
             by
             any
             Jewish
             or
             Christian
             Writers
             to
             this
             sense
             ,
             till
             of
             late
             days
             ;
             and
             here
             the
             Priests
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             are
             to
             be
             put
             in
             mind
             of
             their
             Oath
             to
             expound
             Scripture
             according
             to
             the
             unanimous
             consent
             of
             the
             Antient
             Fathers
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             III.
             
          
           
             The
             Testimonies
             of
             the
             Gospel
             considered
             ;
             whether
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             have
             made
             any
             alteration
             in
             the
             object
             of
             our
             Worship
             .
          
           
             LEt
             us
             now
             proceed
             in
             the
             second
             place
             ,
             
             to
             consider
             the
             writings
             of
             the
             New
             Testament
             ,
             and
             examine
             what
             they
             teach
             us
             concerning
             the
             object
             of
             our
             Worship
             .
             And
             that
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             have
             made
             no
             change
             in
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             ,
             will
             appear
             from
             these
             considerations
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             
               That
               they
               could
               not
               do
               it
               .
               Had
               they
               ever
               attempted
               to
               set
               up
               the
               worship
               of
               any
               other
               Beings
               besides
               the
               One
               Supreme
               God
               ,
               the
               Lord
            
             Jehovah
             ,
             
               the
            
             Jews
             
               were
               expresly
               commanded
               by
               their
               Law
               not
               to
               believe
               them
               ,
               nor
               hearken
               to
               them
               ,
               whatever
               signs
               and
               wonders
               and
               miracles
               they
               had
               wrought
               .
            
             
             If
             there
             arise
             among
             you
             a
             Prophet
             or
             a
             dreamer
             of
             dreams
             ,
             and
             giveth
             thee
             a
             sign
             or
             wonder
             ,
             and
             the
             sign
             or
             wonder
             come
             to
             pass
             ,
             whereof
             he
             spake
             unto
             thee
             saying
             ,
             let
             us
             go
             after
             other
             Gods
             (
             which
             thou
             hast
             not
             known
             )
             and
             let
             us
             serve
             them
             ;
             Thou
             shalt
             not
             hearken
             unto
             the
             words
             of
             the
             Prophet
             ,
             or
             that
             dreamer
             of
             dreams
             ;
             for
             the
             Lord
             your
             God
             proveth
             you
             ,
             to
             know
             whether
             you
             love
             the
             Lord
             your
             God
             with
             all
             your
             heart
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             your
             Soul.
             Ye
             shall
             walk
             after
             the
             Lord
             your
             God
             ,
             and
             fear
             him
             ,
             and
             keep
             his
             Commandments
             ,
             and
             obey
             his
             voice
             ,
             and
             you
             shall
             serve
             him
             ,
             and
             cleave
             unto
             him
             .
             And
             that
             Prophet
             or
             dreamer
             of
             dreams
             shall
             be
             put
             to
             death
             ,
             
               &c.
               in
               which
               Law
               there
               are
               some
               things
               very
               material
               to
               be
               observed
               in
               this
               present
               dispute
               .
            
          
           
           
             1.
             
             When
             they
             are
             forbidden
             to
             hearken
             to
             any
             Prophet
             ,
             who
             seduces
             them
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Gods
             ,
             this
             must
             be
             extended
             to
             all
             those
             instances
             of
             Idolatrous
             worship
             ,
             which
             are
             forbid
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             whatever
             is
             opposed
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             one
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             Being
             ,
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               .
            
             And
             therefore
             whether
             these
             Prophets
             seduced
             them
             from
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             other
             Gods
             ;
             or
             perswaded
             them
             to
             worship
             other
             Gods
             besides
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             whether
             they
             were
             any
             of
             those
             Gods
             which
             were
             at
             that
             time
             worshipt
             by
             other
             Nations
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             Gods
             ,
             whom
             the
             ignorance
             and
             superstition
             of
             the
             people
             should
             create
             in
             after
             ages
             ,
             whether
             good
             or
             bad
             Spirits
             ,
             the
             case
             is
             the
             same
             ;
             whoever
             perswaded
             them
             to
             worship
             any
             other
             Being
             with
             or
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             was
             to
             be
             rejected
             by
             them
             ;
             for
             this
             is
             the
             sense
             of
             the
             Mosaical
             Laws
             concerning
             the
             worship
             of
             one
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             already
             proved
             ,
             and
             the
             serving
             other
             Gods
             in
             this
             place
             ,
             is
             opposed
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             one
             God
             ,
             and
             therefore
             must
             include
             whatever
             according
             to
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
            
             is
             contrary
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             one
             Supreme
             Being
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             This
             Law
             makes
             the
             worship
             of
             one
             God
             eternal
             and
             unchangeable
             .
             There
             is
             no
             way
             of
             altering
             any
             Divine
             Laws
             ,
             but
             by
             a
             new
             revelation
             of
             Gods
             will
             ,
             and
             there
             is
             no
             way
             to
             give
             Authority
             to
             such
             a
             revelation
             ,
             but
             by
             Miracles
             or
             Prophesie
             ;
             but
             in
             this
             case
             Miracles
             and
             Prophesie
             it self
             can
             give
             no
             authority
             ,
             because
             God
             himself
             has
             expresly
             forbid
             us
             to
             hearken
             to
             any
             Prophet
             ,
             whatever
             signs
             or
             wonders
             are
             wrought
             by
             him
             ,
             who
             teacheth
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             the
             one
             Supreme
             God.
             So
             that
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
            
             having
             expresly
             forbid
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             God
             ,
             and
             as
             expresly
             forbid
             us
             to
             hearken
             to
             any
             Prophet
             ,
             though
             a
             worker
             of
             Miracles
             ,
             who
             teaches
             any
             other
             
             worship
             ,
             it
             is
             impossible
             ,
             that
             this
             Law
             should
             ever
             be
             altered
             ,
             because
             we
             are
             before-hand
             warned
             by
             God
             himself
             ,
             not
             to
             give
             credit
             to
             any
             Prophet
             ,
             whatever
             he
             be
             ,
             or
             whatever
             he
             do
             ,
             who
             attempts
             any
             alteration
             of
             it
             .
             And
             therefore
             had
             Christ
             or
             his
             Apostles
             taught
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             it
             had
             been
             a
             just
             reason
             for
             the
             unbelief
             of
             the
             
               Jews
               ,
            
             notwithstanding
             all
             the
             Miracles
             that
             were
             wrought
             by
             them
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             well
             the
             
               Jews
            
             never
             had
             any
             just
             occasion
             to
             make
             this
             objection
             against
             our
             Saviour
             ;
             for
             if
             they
             had
             ,
             I
             know
             not
             how
             it
             would
             have
             been
             answered
             .
             I
             say
             a
             
               just
               occasion
               ,
            
             for
             the
             
               Jews
            
             did
             urge
             this
             very
             Law
             against
             him
             before
             
               Pilate
               .
               We
               have
               a
               Law
               ,
               and
               by
               our
               Law
               he
               ought
               to
               die
               ,
            
             
             
               because
               he
               made
               himself
               the
               Son
               of
               God.
            
             In
             which
             they
             refer
             to
             that
             discourse
             of
             our
             Saviour
             ,
             10.
             
             
               John
            
             29
             ,
             30.
             where
             he
             affirms
             that
             God
             is
             his
             Father
             ,
             and
             plainly
             tells
             them
             ,
             
               I
               and
               my
               Father
               are
               one
               ,
            
             for
             which
             saying
             they
             attempt
             to
             stone
             him
             for
             Blasphemy
             ,
             and
             that
             being
             a
             man
             ,
             he
             made
             himself
             a
             God.
             
               v.
            
             33.
             
             But
             though
             he
             did
             indeed
             (
             as
             the
             
               Jews
            
             rightly
             inferred
             )
             make
             himself
             a
             God
             by
             this
             saying
             ,
             yet
             he
             did
             not
             preach
             any
             new
             God
             to
             them
             ,
             but
             affirmed
             himself
             to
             be
             one
             with
             his
             Father
             ,
             that
             same
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             whom
             they
             were
             commanded
             to
             worship
             by
             their
             Law
             ;
             he
             made
             no
             alteration
             in
             the
             object
             of
             their
             worship
             ,
             but
             only
             did
             more
             clearly
             and
             distinctly
             reveal
             the
             Father
             to
             them
             ,
             as
             manifesting
             himself
             in
             and
             by
             his
             only
             begotten
             Son.
             And
             therefore
             he
             did
             not
             offend
             against
             this
             Law
             ,
             by
             seducing
             them
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Gods
             besides
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ;
            
             which
             if
             he
             had
             done
             ,
             their
             accusation
             had
             been
             just
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Miracles
             which
             he
             did
             ,
             could
             not
             have
             secured
             him
             from
             the
             guilt
             and
             punishment
             of
             an
             Impostor
             .
          
           
             Which
             shews
             us
             ,
             what
             force
             there
             is
             in
             that
             Argument
             ,
             which
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             urges
             from
             those
             Miracles
             :
             
             which
             have
             been
             wrought
             at
             the
             Tombs
             of
             Martyrs
             ,
             to
             prove
             the
             Religious
             invocation
             of
             them
             ;
             if
             such
             Miracles
             were
             ever
             wrought
             ,
             it
             was
             in
             testimony
             to
             the
             truth
             of
             Christianity
             ,
             for
             which
             they
             suffered
             ,
             not
             to
             betray
             men
             to
             a
             superstitious
             and
             idolatrous
             worship
             of
             them
             ;
             ten
             thousand
             Miracles
             should
             never
             convince
             me
             of
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             praying
             to
             Saints
             departed
             ,
             while
             I
             have
             such
             a
             plain
             and
             express
             Law
             against
             believing
             all
             Miracles
             upon
             any
             such
             account
             .
          
           
             Nor
             can
             it
             reasonably
             be
             said
             ,
             that
             this
             Law
             was
             given
             only
             to
             the
             
               Jews
               ,
            
             and
             therefore
             obliges
             none
             but
             them
             ;
             for
             we
             must
             remember
             ,
             that
             Christ
             was
             originally
             sent
             to
             the
             
               Jews
               ,
            
             to
             the
             lost
             sheep
             of
             the
             house
             of
             
               Israel
               ;
            
             and
             therefore
             by
             this
             Law
             ,
             he
             was
             bound
             not
             to
             teach
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Beings
             ,
             under
             the
             penalty
             of
             death
             ;
             and
             they
             were
             bound
             not
             to
             own
             and
             receive
             him
             if
             he
             did
             ;
             and
             therefore
             it
             was
             impossible
             for
             the
             true
             Messias
             to
             introduce
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             Being
             ,
             besides
             the
             one
             Supreme
             God
             ;
             and
             if
             Christ
             could
             not
             teach
             any
             such
             Doctrine
             ,
             I
             know
             not
             how
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             should
             ever
             come
             to
             be
             a
             Doctrine
             of
             Christianity
             .
             For
             what
             Christ
             himself
             cannot
             do
             ,
             none
             of
             his
             Followers
             may
             ,
             who
             had
             no
             other
             Commission
             but
             to
             teach
             those
             things
             which
             they
             had
             learnt
             from
             him
             ;
             and
             he
             could
             not
             give
             commission
             to
             preach
             such
             ,
             Doctrines
             ,
             as
             he
             himself
             had
             no
             authority
             to
             preach
             .
          
           
             So
             that
             though
             this
             Law
             was
             not
             originally
             given
             to
             the
             Gentiles
             ,
             but
             only
             to
             the
             Jews
             ;
             yet
             it
             equally
             obliges
             the
             Christian
             Church
             ,
             whether
             Jews
             or
             Gentiles
             ,
             because
             Christ
             himself
             ,
             who
             was
             the
             Author
             of
             our
             Religion
             was
             obliged
             by
             it
             .
             The
             worship
             of
             one
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             and
             of
             none
             else
             ,
             is
             as
             fundamental
             to
             Christianity
             ,
             as
             it
             is
             to
             Judaism
             ;
             for
             Christianity
             is
             now
             ,
             or
             ought
             to
             be
             ,
             the
             Religion
             of
             the
             Jews
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             Gentiles
             ;
             and
             yet
             the
             Jews
             are
             expresly
             forbid
             by
             this
             Law
             ever
             to
             
             own
             any
             Religion
             ,
             which
             allows
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             Being
             besides
             God
             :
             and
             therefore
             the
             worship
             of
             one
             God
             and
             none
             else
             ,
             must
             be
             fundamental
             in
             Christianity
             ,
             if
             the
             people
             of
             the
             Jews
             are
             ,
             or
             ever
             were
             bound
             to
             embrace
             the
             Faith
             of
             Christ.
             
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             IV.
             
          
           
             2.
             
             ANd
             therefore
             I
             observe
             in
             the
             next
             place
             ,
             that
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             have
             made
             no
             alteration
             at
             all
             in
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             .
             Christ
             urges
             ,
             that
             Old
             Testament
             Law
             in
             answer
             to
             the
             Devils
             Temptation
             ;
             
               It
               is
               written
               ,
            
             
             
               thou
               shalt
               worship
               the
               Lord
               thy
               God
               and
               him
               only
               shalt
               thou
               serve
               .
            
             Which
             it
             seems
             ,
             is
             as
             standing
             a
             Law
             after
             the
             appearance
             of
             Christ
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             before
             .
             He
             gives
             no
             other
             direction
             to
             his
             Disciples
             ,
             but
             to
             pray
             to
             their
             Heavenly
             Father
             ,
             and
             in
             that
             form
             of
             prayer
             which
             he
             gave
             them
             ,
             he
             teaches
             them
             to
             address
             their
             prayer
             neither
             to
             Saints
             nor
             Angels
             ,
             but
             to
             God
             onely
             .
             
               Our
               Father
               which
               art
               in
               heaven
               .
            
          
           
             When
             St.
             
               Paul
            
             charges
             the
             Heathens
             with
             Idolatry
             ,
             he
             does
             it
             upon
             this
             account
             ,
             that
             they
             joyned
             the
             worship
             of
             Creatures
             ,
             with
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Supreme
             God.
             
               Because
               that
               when
               they
               knew
               God
               ,
               they
               glorified
               him
               not
               as
               God
               ,
            
             
             
               neither
               were
               thankful
               ,
               but
               became
               vain
               in
               their
               imaginations
               ,
               and
               their
               foolish
               heart
               was
               darkned
               .
            
             Where
             the
             Apostle
             acknowledges
             ,
             that
             they
             did
             know
             God
             ,
             that
             they
             did
             own
             that
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             Being
             who
             made
             the
             world
             ;
             and
             does
             suppose
             ,
             that
             they
             did
             worship
             him
             also
             .
             For
             he
             does
             not
             charge
             them
             with
             renouncing
             the
             worship
             of
             that
             God
             who
             made
             the
             world
             ;
             but
             that
             they
             did
             
               not
               glorifie
               him
               as
               God
               ;
            
             which
             only
             taxes
             the
             manner
             of
             their
             worship
             .
             And
             wherein
             that
             was
             faulty
             he
             declares
             in
             the
             following
             verses
             .
             As
             that
             they
             made
             mean
             and
             vile
             representations
             of
             him
             ,
             that
             
               they
               
               changed
               the
               glory
               of
               the
               uncorruptible
               God
               ,
            
             
             
               into
               an
               Image
               made
               like
               to
               corruptible
               man
               ,
               and
               to
               birds
               and
               four
               footed
               beasts
               ,
               and
               creeping
               things
               .
            
             And
             thus
             
               changed
               the
               truth
               of
               God
               into
               a
               lie
               .
            
             But
             this
             was
             not
             the
             only
             fault
             ,
             but
             they
             also
             gave
             his
             incommunicable
             worship
             to
             Creatures
             ,
             
               and
               worshipped
               and
               served
               the
               Creature
               more
               than
               the
               Creator
               ,
            
             
             
               who
               is
               blessed
               for
               ever
               ,
               Amen
               .
            
             Which
             words
             do
             plainly
             suppose
             ,
             that
             they
             did
             worship
             the
             Creator
             of
             all
             things
             ,
             but
             besides
             the
             Creator
             ,
             (
             for
             so
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             may
             signifie
             )
             they
             worshipped
             the
             Creature
             also
             ;
             which
             proves
             that
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Supreme
             God
             will
             not
             excuse
             those
             from
             Idolatry
             ,
             who
             worship
             any
             thing
             else
             besides
             him
             .
             For
             the
             opposition
             lies
             between
             the
             Creator
             ,
             and
             the
             Creature
             ,
             be
             it
             a
             good
             or
             a
             bad
             Creature
             ,
             it
             matters
             not
             as
             to
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             which
             must
             be
             given
             to
             neither
             .
             Or
             if
             we
             render
             the
             words
             ,
             as
             our
             Translators
             do
             ,
             
               more
               than
               the
               Creator
               ,
            
             (
             for
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             is
             often
             used
             comparatively
             )
             yet
             so
             it
             supposes
             ,
             that
             they
             did
             worship
             the
             Creator
             ,
             and
             when
             they
             are
             said
             to
             worship
             the
             Creature
             
               more
               ,
            
             that
             cannot
             signifie
             a
             higher
             degree
             of
             worship
             ,
             but
             more
             frequent
             addresses
             ;
             and
             thus
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             worships
             the
             Virgin
             
               Mary
               ,
            
             more
             than
             the
             Creator
             ;
             for
             they
             say
             ten
             prayers
             (
             if
             they
             be
             prayers
             )
             to
             the
             Virgin
             
               Mary
            
             for
             one
             to
             God
             ;
             ten
             
               Ave
               Maries
            
             for
             one
             
               Pater
               noster
               .
            
          
           
             The
             same
             Apostle
             determines
             this
             matter
             in
             as
             plain
             words
             as
             can
             be
             :
             
             
               For
               though
               there
               be
               ,
               that
               are
               called
               Gods
               ,
               whether
               in
               Heaven
               or
               in
               Earth
               ,
               as
               there
               be
               Gods
               many
               ,
               and
               Lords
               many
               ;
               but
               to
               us
               there
               is
               but
               one
               God
               the
               Father
               ,
               of
               whom
               are
               all
               things
               ,
               and
               we
               in
               him
               ,
               and
               one
               Lord
               Jesus
               Christ
               ,
               by
               whom
               are
               all
               things
               ,
               and
               we
               by
               him
               .
            
             Where
             in
             opposition
             to
             the
             Pagan
             Idolatry
             ,
             who
             worshipt
             a
             great
             many
             Gods
             ,
             not
             as
             Supreme
             Independent
             Deities
             (
             for
             they
             acknowledged
             but
             one
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             who
             made
             all
             the
             other
             Gods
             )
             but
             either
             as
             sharers
             in
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             or
             Mediators
             and
             Intercessors
             
             for
             them
             with
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             the
             Apostle
             plainly
             asserts
             ,
             That
             to
             us
             Christians
             there
             is
             but
             one
             God
             the
             Maker
             of
             all
             Things
             ,
             and
             one
             Lord
             Jesus
             Christ
             our
             great
             Mediator
             and
             Advocate
             with
             God
             the
             Father
             ;
             that
             is
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             worship
             none
             else
             .
             And
             that
             none
             of
             the
             distinctions
             ,
             which
             are
             used
             by
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             to
             justifie
             that
             Worship
             ,
             which
             they
             pay
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             can
             have
             any
             place
             here
             ,
             is
             evident
             from
             this
             consideration
             :
             For
             either
             these
             distinctions
             were
             known
             ,
             or
             they
             were
             not
             known
             ,
             when
             the
             Apostle
             wrote
             this
             ,
             and
             in
             both
             cases
             his
             silence
             is
             an
             argument
             against
             them
             .
             If
             they
             were
             known
             ,
             he
             rejects
             them
             ,
             and
             determines
             against
             them
             ;
             for
             he
             affirms
             absolutely
             without
             the
             
               salvo
            
             of
             any
             distinctions
             ,
             that
             we
             have
             but
             one
             God
             ,
             and
             one
             Mediator
             ;
             that
             is
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             worship
             no
             more
             .
             If
             they
             were
             not
             known
             (
             as
             it
             is
             likely
             they
             were
             not
             ,
             because
             the
             Apostle
             takes
             no
             notice
             of
             them
             )
             it
             is
             a
             plain
             argument
             ,
             that
             these
             distinctions
             are
             of
             no
             use
             ,
             unless
             they
             will
             say
             ,
             that
             St.
             
               Paul
               ,
            
             who
             was
             guided
             by
             an
             Infallible
             Spirit
             ,
             was
             ignorant
             of
             some
             very
             useful
             and
             material
             notions
             about
             the
             object
             of
             Worship
             .
             If
             the
             Apostle
             did
             not
             know
             these
             distinctions
             ,
             it
             is
             evident
             they
             are
             of
             a
             late
             date
             ,
             and
             therefore
             can
             have
             no
             authority
             against
             an
             Apostolical
             determination
             :
             If
             he
             did
             not
             know
             them
             ,
             he
             could
             have
             no
             regard
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             therefore
             made
             no
             allowance
             for
             such
             exceptions
             .
          
           
             Nay
             ,
             the
             same
             Apostle
             does
             not
             only
             give
             us
             such
             general
             rules
             ,
             as
             necessarily
             exclude
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             but
             does
             expresly
             condemn
             it
             ,
             and
             warns
             the
             Christians
             against
             it
             .
             He
             foretels
             of
             the
             Apostasie
             of
             the
             latter
             days
             ,
             
             wherein
             
               some
               shall
               depart
               from
               the
               Faith
               ,
               giving
               heed
               to
               seducing
               Spirits
               ,
               and
               the
               doctrine
               of
               Devils
               ,
            
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             ,
             The
             doctrine
             of
             Daemons
             ,
             the
             doctrine
             of
             worshipping
             Daemons
             ,
             or
             some
             new
             inferiour
             Deity
             ,
             Saints
             ,
             or
             Angels
             ,
             or
             whatever
             they
             are
             ,
             as
             Mediators
             
             and
             Intercessors
             between
             God
             and
             men
             .
             This
             is
             the
             true
             notion
             of
             the
             doctrine
             of
             Daemons
             amongst
             the
             Heathens
             ,
             
             and
             the
             Apostle
             tells
             us
             ,
             the
             time
             shall
             come
             ,
             when
             some
             Christians
             (
             for
             it
             is
             evident
             he
             speaks
             here
             of
             the
             Apostasie
             of
             Christians
             )
             shall
             fall
             into
             the
             same
             Idolatry
             ;
             which
             is
             an
             exact
             prophecy
             of
             what
             we
             now
             see
             done
             in
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             who
             have
             the
             same
             notion
             of
             their
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             and
             pay
             the
             same
             worship
             to
             them
             ,
             which
             the
             Heathens
             formerly
             did
             to
             their
             Daemons
             or
             inferiour
             Gods.
             
          
           
             3.
             
             And
             as
             a
             further
             confirmation
             of
             this
             ,
             I
             observe
             ,
             that
             the
             Gospel
             of
             our
             Saviour
             forbids
             Idolatry
             ,
             without
             giving
             us
             any
             new
             notion
             of
             Idolatry
             ;
             and
             therefore
             it
             has
             made
             no
             alteration
             at
             all
             in
             this
             Doctrine
             ,
             of
             the
             worship
             of
             one
             God
             ,
             which
             
               Moses
            
             so
             expresly
             commanded
             the
             Jews
             to
             observe
             .
             For
             the
             Gospel
             was
             preacht
             to
             the
             Jews
             as
             well
             as
             to
             the
             Gentiles
             ;
             nay
             ,
             the
             Jews
             had
             the
             first
             and
             most
             undoubted
             right
             to
             it
             ,
             as
             being
             the
             posterity
             of
             
               Abraham
               ,
            
             to
             whom
             the
             promise
             of
             the
             Messias
             was
             made
             ;
             and
             therefore
             as
             the
             Law
             was
             at
             first
             given
             them
             by
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             so
             it
             did
             still
             oblige
             them
             in
             all
             such
             cases
             ,
             wherein
             the
             Gospel
             did
             not
             in
             express
             terms
             make
             a
             change
             and
             alteration
             of
             the
             Law
             ;
             and
             therefore
             since
             there
             was
             no
             such
             alteration
             made
             ,
             and
             yet
             the
             Law
             against
             Idolatry
             renewed
             and
             confirmed
             by
             the
             authority
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             what
             could
             the
             Jews
             understand
             else
             by
             Idolatry
             ,
             but
             what
             was
             accounted
             Idolatry
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
               ;
            
             that
             is
             ,
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               .
            
             And
             since
             it
             is
             evident
             ,
             that
             there
             are
             not
             two
             Gospels
             ,
             one
             for
             the
             Jews
             ,
             and
             another
             for
             the
             Gentiles
             ,
             all
             Christians
             ,
             whether
             Jews
             or
             Gentiles
             ,
             must
             be
             under
             the
             obligation
             of
             the
             same
             Law
             ,
             to
             worship
             only
             one
             God.
             
          
           
             The
             notion
             of
             Idolatry
             must
             alter
             as
             the
             object
             of
             
             Religious
             Worship
             does
             .
             If
             we
             must
             worship
             one
             God
             ,
             and
             none
             besides
             him
             ,
             then
             it
             is
             Idolatry
             to
             worship
             any
             other
             Being
             but
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ;
             for
             Idolatry
             consists
             in
             giving
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             such
             Beings
             ,
             as
             we
             ought
             not
             to
             worship
             ;
             and
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
            
             they
             were
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God
             ;
             and
             therefore
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             was
             Idolatry
             .
             But
             if
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             be
             enlarged
             ,
             and
             the
             Gospel
             has
             made
             it
             lawful
             to
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             then
             we
             must
             seek
             out
             some
             other
             notion
             of
             Idolatry
             ,
             that
             it
             consists
             in
             worshipping
             wicked
             Spirits
             ,
             or
             in
             giving
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             worship
             to
             inferiour
             Deities
             ,
             which
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             thinks
             impossible
             in
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             thing
             ,
             for
             any
             man
             to
             do
             ,
             who
             knows
             them
             to
             be
             inferiour
             Spirits
             .
             But
             if
             Idolatry
             be
             the
             same
             under
             the
             New
             Testament
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             under
             the
             Old
             ,
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             must
             be
             the
             same
             too
             ;
             and
             we
             have
             reason
             to
             believe
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             the
             same
             ,
             when
             we
             are
             commanded
             to
             keep
             our selves
             from
             Idols
             ,
             and
             to
             flie
             from
             Idolatry
             ,
             but
             are
             no
             where
             in
             the
             New
             Testament
             expresly
             told
             ,
             what
             this
             Idolatry
             is
             ;
             which
             supposes
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             learn
             what
             it
             is
             ,
             from
             some
             antecedent
             Laws
             ,
             and
             there
             were
             no
             such
             Laws
             in
             being
             but
             the
             Laws
             of
             
               Moses
               .
            
          
           
             The
             only
             thing
             that
             can
             be
             said
             in
             this
             case
             ,
             is
             ,
             that
             the
             Apostle
             refers
             them
             not
             to
             any
             written
             Law
             ,
             but
             to
             the
             natural
             notions
             of
             Idolatry
             :
             but
             with
             what
             reason
             this
             is
             said
             ,
             will
             soon
             appear
             ,
             if
             we
             consider
             to
             whom
             the
             Apostle
             writes
             ;
             and
             they
             were
             both
             Jewish
             and
             Heathen
             Converts
             .
             As
             for
             the
             Heathens
             ,
             they
             had
             corrupted
             all
             their
             natural
             notions
             of
             Idolatry
             ,
             and
             had
             no
             sense
             at
             all
             of
             this
             sin
             till
             they
             were
             converted
             to
             Christianity
             ;
             and
             therefore
             they
             were
             not
             likely
             to
             understand
             the
             true
             notion
             of
             Idolatry
             without
             being
             taught
             it
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             not
             probable
             the
             Apostles
             would
             leave
             them
             to
             guess
             what
             Idolatry
             is
             .
             As
             for
             the
             
             Jews
             ,
             God
             would
             not
             from
             the
             beginning
             trust
             to
             their
             natural
             notions
             ,
             but
             gave
             them
             express
             Laws
             about
             Idolatry
             ,
             which
             though
             they
             are
             the
             same
             Laws
             which
             natural
             reason
             dictates
             to
             us
             ,
             as
             most
             agreeable
             to
             the
             nature
             and
             worship
             of
             God
             ,
             yet
             since
             the
             experience
             of
             the
             world
             ,
             which
             was
             over-run
             by
             Idolatrous
             worship
             ,
             did
             sufficiently
             prove
             ,
             that
             all
             men
             do
             not
             use
             their
             reason
             aright
             in
             these
             matters
             ,
             God
             would
             not
             trust
             to
             the
             use
             of
             their
             reason
             in
             the
             weighty
             concernments
             of
             his
             own
             worship
             and
             glory
             ,
             but
             gives
             them
             an
             express
             positive
             Law
             about
             it
             ;
             and
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             having
             done
             nothing
             to
             repeal
             this
             Law
             ,
             they
             leave
             them
             under
             the
             authority
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             when
             they
             warn
             them
             against
             Idols
             and
             Idolatry
             ,
             without
             giving
             them
             any
             new
             Laws
             about
             it
             ,
             must
             in
             all
             reason
             be
             presumed
             to
             refer
             them
             to
             those
             Laws
             ,
             which
             they
             already
             had
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             4.
             
             AS
             a
             farther
             proof
             of
             this
             ,
             I
             observe
             ,
             that
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             did
             not
             abrogate
             ,
             but
             only
             complete
             and
             perfect
             the
             Mosaical
             Laws
             .
             Our
             Saviour
             with
             great
             zeal
             and
             earnestness
             disowns
             any
             such
             intention
             or
             design
             .
             
             
               Think
               not
               that
               I
               am
               come
               to
               destroy
               the
               Law
               and
               the
               Prophets
               ,
               I
               am
               not
               come
               to
               destroy
               but
               to
               fulfil
               .
            
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             to
             fill
             it
             up
             ,
             by
             fulfilling
             the
             types
             and
             prophesies
             of
             it
             ,
             by
             exchanging
             a
             ceremonial
             for
             a
             real
             righteousness
             ,
             or
             by
             perfecting
             its
             moral
             precepts
             with
             new
             instances
             and
             degrees
             of
             vertue
             .
             And
             therefore
             he
             adds
             ,
             
               For
               verily
               I
               say
               unto
               you
               ,
               Till
               heaven
               and
               earth
               pass
               ,
               one
               jot
               or
               one
               tittle
               shall
               in
               no
               wise
               pass
               from
               the
               Law
               ,
               till
               all
               be
               fulfilled
               .
            
             And
             St.
             
               Paul
               ,
            
             who
             was
             lookt
             on
             by
             the
             believing
             Jews
             as
             a
             great
             enemy
             to
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             does
             renounce
             all
             such
             pretences
             .
             
             
               Do
               we
               then
               make
               void
               the
               
               Law
               through
               Faith
               ?
               God
               forbid
               ;
               yea
               ,
            
             
             
               we
               establish
               the
               Law.
               
            
          
           
             Indeed
             had
             Christ
             or
             his
             Apostles
             attempted
             to
             have
             given
             any
             new
             Laws
             contrary
             to
             the
             Laws
             of
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             it
             had
             justified
             the
             Jews
             in
             their
             unbelief
             ,
             for
             God
             by
             his
             Prophet
             
               Isaiah
               ,
            
             had
             given
             them
             this
             express
             rule
             to
             examine
             all
             new
             Doctrines
             by
             ;
             
             
               To
               the
               law
               and
               the
               testimony
               ,
               if
               they
               speak
               not
               according
               to
               this
               word
               ,
               it
               is
               because
               there
               is
               no
               light
               in
               them
               ;
            
             and
             that
             Christ
             himself
             is
             not
             excepted
             from
             this
             rule
             ,
             appears
             in
             this
             ,
             that
             this
             is
             joyned
             with
             the
             prophesie
             of
             the
             Messias
             ,
             both
             before
             and
             after
             ;
             as
             you
             may
             see
             in
             8
             
               Isai.
            
             13
             ,
             14.
             and
             9
             
               Chap.
            
             6
             ,
             7.
             and
             therefore
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             always
             make
             their
             appeals
             to
             the
             writings
             of
             the
             Old
             Testament
             ,
             and
             St.
             
               Paul
            
             in
             all
             his
             disputes
             with
             the
             Jews
             urges
             them
             with
             no
             other
             authority
             but
             the
             Scriptures
             ;
             and
             thô
             the
             Miracles
             which
             were
             wrought
             by
             the
             Apostles
             did
             move
             the
             Jews
             to
             hearken
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             greatly
             dispose
             them
             to
             believe
             their
             Doctrine
             ,
             yet
             it
             was
             the
             authority
             of
             the
             Scriptures
             whereon
             their
             Faith
             was
             founded
             .
             As
             St.
             
               Peter
            
             tells
             those
             to
             whom
             he
             wrote
             ,
             that
             though
             they
             preacht
             nothing
             to
             them
             concerning
             the
             coming
             of
             Christ
             ,
             but
             what
             they
             were
             eye-witnesses
             of
             ;
             and
             though
             God
             had
             given
             testimony
             to
             him
             by
             a
             voice
             from
             Heaven
             ,
             which
             they
             heard
             ,
             when
             they
             were
             with
             him
             in
             the
             holy
             Mount
             ,
             yet
             he
             adds
             ,
             
               We
               have
               also
               a
               more
               sure
               word
               of
               prophesie
               ,
               whereunto
               ye
               do
               well
               ,
            
             
             
               that
               ye
               take
               heed
               ,
               as
               to
               a
               light
               ,
               that
               shineth
               in
               a
               dark
               place
               ,
               until
               the
               day
               dawn
               ,
               and
               the
               day-star
               arise
               in
               your
               hearts
               .
            
             That
             is
             the
             Scriptures
             of
             the
             Old
             Testament
             ;
             and
             therefore
             the
             Jews
             of
             
               Berea
            
             are
             greatly
             commended
             for
             their
             diligence
             in
             searching
             the
             Scriptures
             ,
             and
             examining
             St.
             
               Pauls
            
             Doctrine
             by
             them
             ;
             
             and
             this
             is
             assigned
             as
             the
             reason
             why
             many
             of
             them
             believed
             .
          
           
             To
             apply
             this
             then
             to
             our
             present
             purpose
             ,
             I
             observe
             ,
          
           
           
             1.
             
             That
             if
             Christ
             did
             not
             make
             any
             new
             Laws
             in
             contradiction
             to
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             then
             he
             could
             make
             no
             alteration
             in
             the
             object
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             .
             He
             could
             not
             introduce
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             without
             contradicting
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             no
             other
             Being
             but
             the
             one
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             For
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             together
             with
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             is
             a
             direct
             contradiction
             to
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             God
             alone
             ;
             though
             we
             should
             suppose
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             thing
             ,
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             were
             consistent
             with
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             yet
             it
             is
             not
             consistent
             with
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God.
             So
             that
             let
             this
             be
             a
             natural
             or
             positive
             Law
             ,
             or
             whatever
             men
             please
             to
             call
             it
             ,
             it
             is
             a
             very
             plain
             and
             express
             Law
             ,
             and
             Christ
             never
             did
             contradict
             any
             express
             Law
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             It
             is
             true
             ,
             that
             Typical
             and
             Ceremonial
             Worship
             ,
             which
             God
             commanded
             the
             Jews
             to
             observe
             ,
             is
             now
             out
             of
             date
             under
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             and
             does
             no
             longer
             oblige
             Christians
             ;
             but
             the
             reason
             of
             that
             is
             ,
             because
             it
             has
             received
             its
             accomplishment
             and
             perfection
             in
             Christ.
             Christ
             has
             perfected
             the
             Jewish
             Sacrifices
             ,
             and
             put
             an
             end
             to
             them
             ,
             by
             offering
             a
             more
             perfect
             and
             meritorious
             sacrifice
             ,
             even
             the
             sacrifice
             of
             himself
             .
             The
             Circumcision
             ,
             Washings
             ,
             Purifications
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             are
             perfected
             by
             the
             Laws
             of
             internal
             purity
             .
             The
             external
             Ceremonies
             of
             the
             Law
             cease
             ,
             but
             they
             are
             perfected
             by
             an
             Evangelical
             righteousness
             .
             But
             this
             I
             say
             ,
             that
             Christ
             never
             repealed
             any
             Mosaical
             Law
             ,
             but
             by
             fulfilling
             and
             perfecting
             it
             .
             He
             came
             not
             to
             destroy
             the
             Law
             ,
             but
             to
             fulfil
             .
             Now
             methinks
             I
             need
             not
             prove
             ,
             that
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             is
             not
             a
             fulfilling
             ,
             but
             a
             destroying
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God.
             And
             it
             is
             not
             enough
             to
             say
             ,
             that
             these
             are
             positive
             Laws
             given
             
             to
             the
             Jews
             ,
             (
             though
             that
             be
             said
             without
             any
             reason
             )
             for
             let
             them
             shew
             me
             any
             positive
             Law
             relating
             to
             the
             Worship
             of
             God
             ,
             which
             Christ
             has
             wholly
             abrogated
             without
             fulfilling
             it
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             Yet
             as
             a
             farther
             proof
             ,
             that
             Christ
             has
             made
             no
             alteration
             in
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             ,
             that
             he
             has
             not
             introduced
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             or
             Angels
             ,
             or
             Images
             ,
             into
             the
             Christian
             Church
             ,
             which
             was
             so
             expresly
             forbid
             by
             the
             Jewish
             Law
             ,
             I
             observe
             that
             according
             to
             our
             Saviours
             own
             rule
             ,
             that
             
               he
               came
               not
               to
               destroy
               the
               Law
               and
               the
               Prophets
               ,
               but
               to
               fulfil
               ;
            
             these
             Laws
             of
             worshipping
             one
             God
             ,
             and
             none
             besides
             him
             ,
             were
             not
             lyable
             to
             any
             change
             and
             alteration
             ,
             because
             there
             was
             nothing
             to
             be
             perfected
             or
             fulfilled
             in
             them
             .
             He
             made
             no
             change
             or
             alteration
             but
             by
             way
             of
             perfecting
             and
             fulfilling
             ;
             and
             therefore
             those
             Laws
             which
             had
             nothing
             to
             be
             fulfilled
             ,
             must
             remain
             as
             they
             were
             without
             any
             change
             .
          
           
             To
             perfect
             or
             fulfil
             a
             Law
             ,
             must
             either
             signifie
             to
             accomplish
             what
             was
             prefigured
             by
             it
             ,
             and
             thus
             Christ
             fulfilled
             all
             the
             types
             and
             prophesies
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             which
             related
             to
             his
             Person
             ,
             or
             his
             undertaking
             ,
             as
             the
             Jewish
             Priesthood
             ,
             and
             Sacrifices
             ,
             
               &c.
            
             or
             to
             prescribe
             that
             real
             righteousness
             which
             was
             signified
             and
             represented
             by
             the
             outward
             ceremony
             ,
             and
             so
             Christ
             fulfilled
             the
             Laws
             of
             Circumcision
             ,
             Washings
             ,
             Purifications
             ,
             Sabbaths
             ,
             
               &c.
            
             by
             commanding
             the
             Circumcision
             of
             the
             heart
             ,
             and
             the
             purity
             of
             mind
             and
             spirit
             :
             or
             by
             supplying
             what
             was
             defective
             ;
             and
             thus
             he
             fulfilled
             the
             moral
             Law
             by
             new
             instances
             of
             vertue
             ,
             by
             requiring
             something
             more
             perfect
             of
             us
             ,
             than
             what
             the
             letter
             of
             the
             Mosaical
             Law
             enjoyned
             .
             These
             are
             all
             the
             ways
             that
             I
             know
             of
             ,
             and
             all
             that
             we
             have
             any
             instances
             of
             in
             Scripture
             of
             fulfilling
             Laws
             .
          
           
             Now
             I
             suppose
             ,
             no
             man
             will
             say
             ,
             that
             the
             first
             Commandment
             ,
             which
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Gods
             besides
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             is
             a
             Typical
             Law
             ,
             for
             pray
             
             what
             is
             it
             a
             Type
             of
             ?
             nor
             can
             any
             pretend
             that
             the
             first
             Commandment
             is
             a
             Ceremonial
             Law
             ,
             for
             it
             prescribes
             no
             rite
             of
             worship
             at
             all
             ,
             but
             only
             determines
             the
             object
             of
             worship
             .
          
           
             As
             for
             the
             third
             way
             of
             fulfilling
             Laws
             ,
             by
             perfecting
             them
             with
             some
             new
             instances
             and
             degrees
             of
             vertue
             ,
             it
             can
             have
             no
             place
             here
             ,
             for
             this
             Law
             is
             as
             perfect
             as
             it
             can
             be
             .
             For
             it
             is
             a
             Negative
             Law
             ,
             
               Thou
               shalt
               have
               none
               other
               God.
            
             Now
             that
             which
             is
             forbid
             without
             any
             reserve
             or
             limitation
             ,
             is
             perfectly
             and
             absolutely
             forbid
             .
             There
             are
             no
             degrees
             of
             nothing
             ,
             though
             there
             are
             several
             degrees
             of
             perfection
             in
             things
             which
             have
             a
             being
             ;
             and
             therefore
             though
             there
             are
             degrees
             in
             affirmative
             Laws
             ,
             for
             some
             Laws
             may
             require
             greater
             attainments
             than
             other
             ;
             and
             one
             man
             may
             do
             better
             than
             another
             ,
             and
             yet
             both
             do
             that
             which
             is
             good
             ;
             yet
             there
             are
             no
             degrees
             in
             not
             doing
             a
             thing
             ,
             and
             no
             Law
             can
             do
             more
             than
             forbid
             that
             ,
             which
             the
             Law-giver
             will
             not
             have
             done
             .
          
           
             And
             besides
             ,
             this
             way
             of
             fulfilling
             Laws
             ,
             does
             not
             abrogate
             any
             command
             ,
             but
             adds
             to
             it
             ;
             it
             may
             restrain
             those
             liberties
             which
             were
             formerly
             indulged
             ,
             but
             it
             does
             not
             forbid
             any
             thing
             which
             was
             formerly
             our
             duty
             to
             do
             ;
             for
             when
             God
             requires
             greater
             degrees
             of
             vertue
             from
             us
             ,
             he
             does
             not
             forbid
             the
             less
             .
             And
             therefore
             in
             this
             way
             ,
             Christ
             might
             forbid
             more
             than
             was
             forbid
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             but
             we
             cannot
             suppose
             that
             he
             gave
             liberty
             to
             do
             that
             which
             the
             Law
             forbids
             ,
             which
             is
             not
             to
             perfect
             ,
             but
             to
             abrogate
             a
             Law.
             
          
           
             But
             to
             put
             an
             end
             to
             this
             dispute
             ;
             if
             Christ
             have
             perfected
             these
             Laws
             by
             indulging
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             under
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             which
             was
             so
             expresly
             forbidden
             by
             the
             Law
             ,
             then
             it
             seems
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             is
             a
             more
             perfect
             state
             of
             Religion
             ,
             than
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             one
             Supreme
             God
             alone
             .
          
           
             If
             this
             be
             true
             ,
             then
             though
             the
             Heathens
             might
             mistake
             
             in
             the
             object
             of
             their
             Worship
             ,
             yet
             the
             manner
             of
             their
             worship
             was
             more
             perfect
             and
             excellent
             ,
             than
             what
             God
             himself
             prescribed
             the
             Jews
             .
             For
             they
             worshipt
             a
             great
             many
             inferiour
             Deities
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ;
             and
             if
             this
             be
             the
             most
             perfect
             and
             excellent
             worship
             ,
             it
             is
             wonderful
             to
             me
             ,
             that
             God
             should
             forbid
             it
             in
             the
             worship
             of
             himself
             ;
             that
             he
             should
             prescribe
             a
             more
             imperfect
             worship
             to
             his
             own
             people
             ,
             than
             the
             Heathens
             paid
             to
             their
             Gods.
             
          
           
             For
             to
             say
             that
             God
             forbade
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             Being
             besides
             himself
             ,
             because
             this
             liberty
             had
             been
             abused
             by
             the
             Heathens
             to
             Idolatry
             ,
             is
             no
             reason
             at
             all
             .
             For
             though
             we
             should
             suppose
             that
             the
             Heathens
             worshipt
             evil
             spirits
             for
             Gods
             ,
             this
             had
             been
             easily
             prevented
             ,
             had
             God
             told
             them
             what
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             they
             should
             have
             made
             their
             addresses
             to
             ;
             and
             this
             had
             been
             a
             more
             likely
             way
             to
             cure
             them
             of
             Idolatry
             ,
             than
             to
             have
             forbad
             the
             worship
             of
             all
             inferiour
             Deities
             ;
             for
             when
             they
             had
             such
             numerous
             Deities
             of
             their
             own
             ,
             to
             have
             made
             their
             application
             to
             ,
             they
             would
             have
             been
             more
             easily
             weaned
             from
             the
             Gods
             of
             other
             Countries
             .
          
           
             And
             we
             have
             reason
             to
             believe
             ,
             so
             it
             would
             have
             been
             ,
             had
             God
             been
             pleased
             with
             this
             way
             of
             Worship
             ,
             for
             he
             would
             not
             reject
             any
             part
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             meerly
             because
             it
             had
             been
             abused
             by
             Idolaters
             .
             The
             Heathens
             sacrificed
             to
             Idols
             ,
             and
             yet
             he
             commands
             the
             Jews
             to
             offer
             Sacrifices
             to
             himself
             ,
             and
             so
             no
             doubt
             he
             would
             have
             commanded
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             had
             he
             been
             as
             well
             pleased
             with
             this
             ,
             as
             he
             was
             with
             Sacrifices
             ;
             had
             it
             been
             a
             more
             perfect
             state
             of
             Religion
             than
             to
             worship
             God
             only
             ,
             and
             without
             any
             Image
             .
          
           
             When
             God
             chose
             the
             people
             of
             
               Israel
               ,
            
             and
             separated
             them
             from
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             world
             ,
             to
             his
             own
             peculiar
             worship
             and
             service
             ,
             we
             cannot
             suppose
             that
             he
             did
             intend
             to
             forbid
             any
             acts
             of
             worship
             ,
             which
             were
             a
             real
             
             honour
             to
             the
             Divine
             Nature
             ,
             much
             less
             to
             forbid
             the
             most
             excellent
             and
             perfect
             acts
             of
             worship
             ;
             for
             he
             who
             is
             so
             jealous
             of
             his
             glory
             ,
             will
             no
             more
             part
             with
             it
             himself
             ,
             then
             he
             will
             give
             it
             to
             another
             ;
             and
             therefore
             excepting
             the
             Typical
             nature
             of
             that
             dispensation
             ,
             the
             whole
             intention
             of
             the
             Mosaical
             Law
             was
             to
             correct
             those
             abuses
             ,
             which
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             world
             was
             guilty
             of
             in
             their
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             which
             either
             respected
             the
             object
             or
             the
             acts
             of
             worship
             ;
             that
             they
             worshipt
             that
             for
             God
             ,
             which
             was
             not
             God
             ;
             or
             that
             they
             thought
             to
             honour
             God
             by
             such
             acts
             ,
             as
             were
             so
             far
             from
             being
             an
             honour
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             a
             reproach
             to
             the
             Divine
             Nature
             .
             And
             whatever
             is
             forbid
             in
             the
             worship
             of
             God
             ,
             unless
             there
             be
             some
             Mystical
             and
             Typical
             reasons
             for
             it
             ,
             must
             be
             reduced
             to
             one
             of
             those
             causes
             .
             This
             account
             God
             himself
             gives
             ,
             why
             he
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             Being
             besides
             himself
             ,
             or
             the
             worship
             of
             graven
             Images
             .
             
               I
               am
               the
               Lord
               ,
            
             
             
               that
               is
               my
               Name
               ,
               and
               my
               glory
               will
               I
               not
               give
               to
               another
               ,
               nor
               my
               praise
               to
               graven
               Images
               .
            
             Whatever
             is
             his
             true
             glory
             ,
             he
             reserves
             to
             himself
             ,
             and
             therefore
             never
             did
             forbid
             any
             act
             of
             worship
             which
             was
             truly
             so
             ;
             but
             he
             will
             not
             give
             his
             glory
             to
             another
             ,
             and
             for
             that
             reason
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             graven
             Images
             ,
             or
             any
             thing
             besides
             himself
             ;
             and
             if
             this
             was
             not
             his
             glory
             then
             ,
             much
             less
             the
             most
             perfect
             and
             excellent
             part
             of
             worship
             ,
             I
             know
             not
             how
             it
             should
             come
             to
             be
             his
             glory
             now
             ,
             unless
             the
             Divine
             Nature
             changes
             and
             alters
             too
             .
          
           
             So
             that
             Gods
             having
             forbid
             by
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
            
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             himself
             ,
             is
             a
             very
             strong
             presumption
             ,
             that
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             (
             whatever
             fine
             excuses
             and
             Apologies
             may
             be
             made
             for
             it
             ,
             yet
             at
             least
             )
             is
             not
             a
             more
             perfect
             state
             of
             Religion
             ,
             than
             to
             worship
             God
             alone
             .
             For
             though
             God
             may
             not
             always
             think
             fit
             to
             command
             the
             highest
             degrees
             of
             perfection
             ,
             yet
             there
             never
             can
             be
             any
             reason
             to
             forbid
             
             it
             .
             But
             let
             us
             now
             consider
             the
             nature
             and
             reason
             of
             the
             thing
             ,
             whether
             it
             be
             a
             more
             perfect
             state
             of
             Religion
             to
             worship
             God
             alone
             ,
             or
             to
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             
               &c.
            
             together
             with
             the
             Supreme
             God.
             Now
             the
             perfection
             of
             any
             acts
             of
             Religion
             must
             either
             respect
             God
             or
             our selves
             ,
             that
             they
             signifie
             some
             greater
             perfections
             in
             God
             ,
             or
             more
             perfect
             attainments
             in
             us
             ,
             and
             a
             nearer
             union
             and
             conjunction
             with
             the
             Deity
             .
             Let
             us
             then
             briefly
             examine
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             both
             with
             respect
             to
             God
             and
             our selves
             ,
             and
             see
             whether
             we
             can
             discover
             any
             greater
             perfection
             in
             this
             way
             of
             worship
             ,
             than
             in
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Supreme
             Being
             alone
             ,
             without
             any
             Rival
             or
             partner
             in
             worship
             ;
             and
             if
             it
             appears
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             neither
             for
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             ,
             nor
             for
             the
             happiness
             and
             perfection
             of
             those
             ,
             who
             worship
             ,
             we
             may
             certainly
             conclude
             ,
             that
             our
             Saviour
             has
             made
             no
             alteration
             in
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             ,
             for
             he
             made
             no
             alteration
             for
             the
             worse
             but
             for
             the
             better
             ;
             he
             fulfils
             and
             perfects
             Laws
             ,
             which
             ,
             I
             suppose
             ,
             does
             not
             signifie
             making
             them
             less
             perfect
             than
             they
             were
             before
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VI.
             
          
           
             1.
             
             THen
             let
             us
             consider
             ,
             whether
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             be
             more
             for
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             ,
             than
             to
             pay
             all
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             God
             alone
             .
             Now
             if
             Religious
             Worship
             be
             for
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             ,
             then
             all
             Religious
             Worship
             is
             more
             for
             Gods
             glory
             than
             a
             part
             of
             it
             ;
             unless
             men
             will
             venture
             to
             say
             ,
             that
             a
             part
             is
             as
             great
             as
             the
             whole
             .
             And
             yet
             whoever
             worships
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             though
             he
             be
             neve
             so
             devout
             a
             worshipper
             of
             God
             also
             ,
             yet
             he
             gives
             part
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             Creatures
             ,
             and
             therefore
             God
             cannot
             have
             the
             whole
             ,
             unless
             they
             can
             divide
             their
             worship
             between
             God
             and
             Creatures
             ,
             and
             yet
             give
             the
             whole
             to
             God.
             
          
           
           
             If
             it
             be
             objected
             ,
             that
             those
             who
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             do
             not
             give
             that
             worship
             to
             them
             ,
             which
             is
             peculiar
             and
             appropriate
             to
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             and
             therefore
             they
             reserve
             that
             worship
             which
             is
             due
             to
             God
             ,
             wholly
             to
             himself
             ,
             though
             they
             pay
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             .
             I
             answer
             ,
             what
             that
             worship
             is
             ,
             which
             is
             peculiar
             to
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             I
             shall
             consider
             more
             hereafter
             ;
             but
             for
             the
             present
             ,
             supposing
             that
             they
             give
             only
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             worship
             to
             Creatures
             ,
             is
             this
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             or
             is
             it
             not
             ?
             if
             it
             be
             ,
             is
             a
             degree
             of
             Worship
             a
             part
             of
             Worship
             ?
             if
             it
             be
             ,
             then
             God
             has
             not
             the
             whole
             ,
             and
             therefore
             is
             not
             so
             much
             honoured
             ,
             as
             if
             he
             had
             the
             whole
             ;
             as
             to
             shew
             this
             in
             a
             plain
             instance
             .
          
           
             Those
             who
             pray
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             though
             they
             do
             not
             pray
             to
             them
             ,
             as
             to
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             but
             as
             to
             Mediators
             and
             Intercessors
             for
             them
             with
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             yet
             they
             place
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             hope
             and
             trust
             and
             affiance
             in
             them
             ,
             or
             else
             it
             is
             non-sence
             to
             pray
             to
             them
             at
             all
             ;
             so
             that
             though
             God
             may
             be
             the
             Supreme
             Object
             of
             their
             relyance
             and
             hope
             ,
             yet
             he
             is
             not
             the
             only
             Object
             ;
             he
             has
             part
             ,
             and
             the
             greatest
             part
             ,
             but
             not
             the
             whole
             ,
             for
             they
             divide
             their
             hope
             and
             trust
             between
             God
             and
             Creatures
             ;
             and
             if
             it
             be
             a
             greater
             glory
             to
             God
             to
             trust
             wholly
             in
             him
             ,
             than
             to
             trust
             in
             him
             in
             part
             ,
             then
             it
             is
             a
             greater
             glory
             to
             God
             to
             pray
             to
             him
             only
             ,
             than
             to
             pray
             also
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             .
          
           
             Nay
             it
             is
             more
             than
             probable
             ,
             that
             those
             who
             pray
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             as
             trusting
             in
             their
             merits
             and
             intercession
             for
             them
             ,
             do
             not
             make
             God
             ,
             but
             these
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             to
             whom
             they
             pray
             ,
             the
             Supreme
             Object
             of
             their
             hope
             .
             This
             it
             may
             be
             will
             be
             thought
             an
             extravagant
             charge
             against
             men
             who
             profess
             to
             believe
             ,
             that
             God
             is
             the
             Supreme
             Lord
             of
             the
             world
             ,
             and
             the
             sole
             giver
             of
             all
             good
             things
             ;
             but
             this
             is
             no
             argument
             to
             me
             ,
             but
             
             that
             notwithstanding
             this
             belief
             ,
             they
             may
             trust
             more
             in
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             than
             in
             God
             ,
             and
             consequently
             give
             the
             Supreme
             Worship
             to
             them
             .
             For
             men
             do
             not
             always
             trust
             most
             in
             those
             who
             have
             the
             greatest
             power
             ,
             but
             in
             those
             by
             whose
             interest
             and
             intercession
             ,
             they
             hope
             to
             obtain
             their
             desires
             of
             the
             Soveraign
             power
             .
             Thus
             I
             am
             sure
             it
             is
             in
             the
             Courts
             of
             earthly
             Princes
             ;
             though
             men
             know
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             only
             has
             power
             to
             grant
             what
             they
             desire
             ,
             yet
             they
             place
             more
             confidence
             in
             a
             powerful
             Favorite
             than
             in
             their
             Prince
             ,
             and
             when
             they
             have
             obtained
             their
             requests
             ,
             pay
             more
             solemn
             acknowledgments
             to
             their
             Patron
             ;
             for
             let
             the
             power
             be
             where
             it
             will
             ,
             our
             hope
             and
             trust
             is
             plac't
             there
             where
             our
             expectations
             are
             .
             And
             when
             mens
             expectations
             are
             not
             from
             the
             Prince
             ,
             who
             has
             the
             power
             ,
             but
             from
             the
             Favourite
             ,
             whose
             interest
             directs
             the
             influences
             of
             this
             power
             to
             them
             ,
             which
             otherwise
             would
             never
             have
             reacht
             them
             ,
             such
             Favourites
             have
             more
             numerous
             dependants
             ,
             more
             frequent
             addresses
             ,
             more
             formal
             courtships
             ,
             than
             the
             Prince
             himself
             .
             And
             when
             men
             model
             the
             heavenly
             Court
             according
             to
             the
             pattern
             of
             earthly
             Courts
             ,
             and
             expect
             the
             conveyance
             of
             the
             Divine
             Blessings
             to
             them
             as
             much
             from
             the
             intercession
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             as
             they
             do
             to
             obtain
             their
             desires
             of
             their
             Prince
             ,
             by
             the
             mediation
             of
             some
             powerful
             Favourite
             ,
             no
             wonder
             ,
             if
             they
             love
             ,
             and
             honour
             ,
             and
             fear
             ,
             reverence
             and
             adore
             ,
             trust
             and
             depend
             on
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             as
             much
             or
             more
             than
             they
             do
             on
             the
             Supreme
             God.
             For
             there
             is
             not
             a
             more
             natural
             notion
             ,
             than
             to
             honour
             those
             for
             our
             Gods
             ,
             from
             whose
             hands
             we
             receive
             all
             good
             things
             ,
             whether
             we
             receive
             it
             from
             their
             own
             inherent
             power
             or
             not
             ,
             
               Deus
               nobis
               haec
               otia
               fecit
               ,
            
          
           
             
               Namque
               erit
               ille
               mihi
               semper
               Deus
               ,
               illius
               aram
            
             
               Saepe
               tener
               nostris
               ab
               ovilibus
               imbuet
               agnus
               .
            
          
           
             Men
             may
             acknowledge
             God
             to
             be
             the
             Supreme
             Being
             ,
             
             and
             ascribe
             incommunicable
             perfections
             to
             him
             ,
             and
             yet
             may
             pray
             more
             frequently
             ,
             more
             devoutly
             ,
             more
             ardently
             ,
             with
             greater
             trust
             and
             affiance
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             than
             to
             God
             ,
             as
             it
             is
             apparent
             many
             Devotoes
             of
             the
             Virgin
             
               Mary
            
             do
             ;
             and
             this
             is
             to
             give
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             Worship
             to
             them
             ,
             without
             acknowledging
             them
             to
             be
             Supreme
             Beings
             .
          
           
             Indeed
             it
             is
             morally
             impossible
             ,
             but
             our
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             trust
             and
             affiance
             ,
             must
             be
             at
             least
             equally
             shared
             between
             the
             Supreme
             God
             and
             our
             Mediator
             ,
             whatever
             he
             be
             ,
             as
             men
             do
             not
             less
             trust
             in
             the
             interest
             of
             their
             Patron
             ,
             than
             in
             the
             power
             of
             their
             Prince
             ;
             for
             it
             is
             not
             meer
             power
             but
             favour
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             immediate
             object
             of
             our
             trust
             ;
             and
             therefore
             God
             appointed
             his
             only
             begotten
             Son
             to
             be
             our
             Mediator
             ,
             as
             for
             other
             great
             and
             wise
             reasons
             ,
             so
             to
             prevent
             Idolatry
             by
             giving
             us
             a
             God
             incarnate
             ,
             who
             is
             a
             proper
             object
             of
             Religious
             adoration
             ,
             to
             be
             our
             Mediator
             ,
             that
             seeing
             men
             will
             worship
             their
             Mediator
             ,
             they
             may
             have
             a
             God
             for
             their
             Mediator
             to
             worship
             .
             The
             sum
             is
             this
             :
             If
             it
             be
             more
             for
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             to
             have
             all
             Religious
             Worship
             appropriated
             to
             himself
             ,
             than
             to
             have
             only
             a
             part
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             it
             may
             be
             the
             least
             share
             and
             part
             too
             ,
             then
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             cannot
             be
             for
             Gods
             glory
             .
          
           
             But
             besides
             this
             ,
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             together
             with
             God
             ,
             does
             mightily
             obscure
             and
             lessen
             the
             Divine
             perfections
             ,
             and
             therefore
             it
             cannot
             be
             for
             his
             glory
             .
             It
             represents
             him
             indeed
             like
             a
             great
             Temporal
             Monarch
             ,
             but
             it
             does
             not
             represents
             him
             like
             a
             God.
             
          
           
             That
             which
             we
             ignorantly
             think
             a
             piece
             of
             state
             and
             greatness
             in
             earthly
             Monarchs
             ,
             to
             administer
             the
             great
             affairs
             of
             their
             Kingdoms
             ,
             to
             receive
             Petitions
             and
             Addresses
             ,
             to
             bestow
             Favours
             ,
             to
             administer
             Justice
             by
             other
             hands
             ,
             to
             have
             some
             great
             Ministers
             and
             Favourites
             to
             interpose
             between
             them
             and
             their
             Subjects
             ,
             is
             nothing
             
             else
             ,
             but
             want
             of
             power
             to
             do
             otherwise
             .
             He
             would
             be
             a
             much
             greater
             Prince
             ,
             more
             beloved
             and
             reverenced
             ,
             who
             could
             do
             all
             this
             himself
             ;
             but
             no
             Prince
             can
             be
             present
             in
             all
             parts
             of
             his
             Kingdom
             ,
             nor
             know
             every
             particular
             Subject
             ,
             much
             less
             their
             particular
             cases
             ,
             and
             conditions
             ,
             deserts
             and
             merits
             ;
             and
             therefore
             is
             forc't
             to
             divide
             this
             care
             into
             many
             hands
             ,
             and
             in
             so
             doing
             shares
             his
             power
             and
             honour
             with
             his
             Subjects
             .
             But
             whoever
             imagines
             any
             such
             thing
             of
             God
             ,
             denies
             his
             omnipresence
             ,
             his
             omnipotence
             ,
             his
             omniscience
             ,
             and
             his
             particular
             care
             and
             providence
             over
             his
             Creatures
             .
             God
             indeed
             does
             not
             always
             govern
             the
             world
             by
             an
             immediate
             power
             ,
             but
             makes
             use
             both
             of
             the
             Ministry
             of
             Angels
             &
             Men
             ;
             but
             he
             governs
             all
             things
             by
             his
             immediate
             direction
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             by
             his
             immediate
             inspection
             .
             He
             overlooks
             every
             thing
             himself
             ,
             while
             all
             Creatures
             either
             obey
             his
             commands
             ,
             or
             submit
             to
             his
             power
             .
             If
             this
             be
             the
             true
             notion
             of
             Gods
             governing
             the
             world
             ,
             that
             he
             has
             the
             concernments
             of
             the
             whole
             Creation
             under
             his
             eye
             ,
             and
             keeps
             the
             disposal
             of
             all
             things
             in
             his
             own
             hands
             ,
             so
             that
             nothing
             can
             be
             done
             ,
             but
             either
             by
             his
             order
             or
             permission
             ;
             then
             the
             most
             perfect
             and
             glorious
             Angels
             ,
             the
             greatest
             Ministers
             of
             the
             Divine
             Providence
             ,
             can
             challenge
             no
             share
             in
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             cannot
             be
             the
             objects
             of
             our
             trust
             or
             hope
             ,
             because
             they
             are
             only
             Ministers
             of
             the
             Divine
             Will
             ,
             can
             do
             nothing
             from
             themselves
             ,
             as
             civil
             Ministers
             of
             State
             ,
             and
             Officers
             of
             great
             trust
             can
             in
             Temporal
             Kingdoms
             ,
             but
             are
             always
             under
             the
             eye
             ,
             and
             always
             move
             at
             the
             command
             of
             God.
             In
             such
             a
             state
             of
             things
             all
             the
             peculiar
             rights
             of
             Soveraign
             Power
             and
             Dominion
             God
             reserves
             wholly
             to
             himself
             ,
             as
             any
             wife
             Prince
             would
             ,
             among
             which
             the
             receiving
             the
             Prayers
             and
             Petitions
             of
             his
             Creatures
             is
             none
             of
             the
             least
             ;
             to
             hear
             Prayers
             is
             made
             the
             peculiar
             attribute
             of
             God
             in
             Scripture
             ,
             
               Thou
               art
               a
               God
               that
               hearest
               ,
               prayers
               ,
               therefore
               unto
               
               thee
               shall
               all
               flesh
               come
               .
            
             And
             reason
             tells
             us
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             the
             most
             eminent
             part
             of
             Soveraignty
             and
             Majesty
             ;
             and
             the
             reason
             why
             Temporal
             Princes
             do
             not
             reserve
             this
             wholly
             to
             themselves
             ,
             is
             because
             they
             cannot
             do
             it
             ;
             but
             God
             can
             ,
             and
             he
             challenges
             it
             to
             himself
             ,
             and
             will
             not
             allow
             any
             Creature
             to
             do
             it
             ;
             and
             there
             is
             no
             temptation
             to
             pray
             to
             any
             Creature
             ,
             when
             we
             know
             ,
             that
             they
             cannot
             help
             us
             ,
             that
             they
             must
             receive
             their
             orders
             and
             commands
             from
             God
             ,
             and
             not
             act
             by
             their
             own
             will
             and
             inclinations
             .
          
           
             Thus
             Princes
             have
             their
             Eavourites
             ,
             to
             whom
             they
             express
             a
             very
             partial
             fondness
             and
             respect
             ,
             to
             whom
             they
             will
             deny
             nothing
             that
             they
             ask
             ,
             nor
             hardly
             shew
             any
             grace
             or
             favour
             to
             their
             Subjects
             without
             them
             ;
             and
             this
             forces
             Subjects
             to
             address
             themselves
             to
             their
             Prince
             by
             them
             ;
             but
             it
             is
             a
             reproach
             to
             the
             Divine
             Goodness
             and
             universal
             Providence
             ,
             to
             conceive
             any
             such
             thing
             of
             God
             ;
             which
             yet
             is
             the
             foundation
             of
             the
             worship
             of
             Patron
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             as
             persons
             so
             dear
             to
             God
             ,
             that
             he
             cannot
             deny
             their
             requests
             ,
             and
             will
             not
             grant
             our
             Petitions
             without
             them
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             the
             most
             certain
             and
             effectual
             way
             to
             obtain
             what
             we
             desire
             ,
             to
             offer
             up
             our
             Prayers
             and
             Petitions
             to
             God
             by
             their
             hands
             .
          
           
             No
             doubt
             but
             all
             good
             men
             on
             earth
             ,
             much
             more
             Blessed
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             as
             being
             more
             perfect
             and
             excellent
             Creatures
             ,
             are
             very
             dear
             to
             God
             ;
             but
             yet
             God
             is
             not
             fond
             and
             partial
             in
             his
             kindness
             ,
             as
             earthly
             Princes
             are
             ,
             but
             has
             an
             equal
             regard
             to
             all
             his
             Creatures
             ,
             and
             delights
             in
             doing
             good
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             needs
             not
             to
             be
             importuned
             by
             any
             powerful
             Favourites
             to
             hear
             their
             cryes
             and
             prayers
             ;
             he
             will
             as
             soon
             attend
             to
             the
             Prayers
             of
             an
             humble
             penitent
             sinner
             ,
             as
             of
             the
             most
             glorious
             Saint
             ,
             and
             is
             more
             ready
             to
             grant
             than
             they
             are
             to
             ask
             .
          
           
           
             A
             Mediator
             of
             Redemption
             is
             very
             consistent
             with
             all
             the
             perfections
             of
             the
             Divine
             Nature
             ,
             and
             does
             mightily
             recommend
             both
             the
             goodness
             and
             wisdom
             of
             God
             to
             the
             world
             .
             When
             Manking
             had
             transgressed
             the
             Laws
             of
             their
             Creation
             ,
             they
             forfeited
             their
             natural
             right
             and
             interest
             in
             the
             care
             and
             goodness
             of
             their
             Maker
             ;
             The
             Divine
             Justice
             ,
             and
             the
             wisdom
             of
             God
             in
             the
             government
             of
             the
             world
             ,
             required
             an
             atonement
             and
             expiation
             for
             sin
             ;
             and
             it
             was
             an
             amazing
             demonstration
             of
             the
             Divine
             goodness
             to
             sinners
             ,
             that
             he
             found
             one
             himself
             ,
             that
             he
             gave
             his
             Son
             to
             be
             a
             propitiation
             for
             our
             sins
             .
             When
             men
             by
             sin
             had
             forfeited
             their
             original
             innocence
             and
             happiness
             together
             ,
             they
             could
             expect
             nothing
             from
             God
             ,
             but
             by
             way
             of
             Covenant
             and
             promise
             ;
             and
             every
             Covenant
             between
             contending
             parties
             ,
             must
             be
             transacted
             in
             the
             hands
             of
             a
             Medaitor
             ,
             and
             none
             so
             fit
             to
             be
             our
             Mediator
             ,
             as
             he
             who
             is
             our
             ransome
             too
             .
          
           
             And
             a
             Mediator
             must
             be
             invested
             with
             power
             and
             authority
             to
             see
             the
             terms
             of
             this
             Covenant
             performed
             ,
             and
             this
             is
             his
             Mediatory
             Intercession
             .
             He
             intercedes
             not
             meerly
             as
             a
             powerful
             Favourite
             ,
             but
             as
             the
             Author
             and
             Surety
             of
             the
             Covenant
             ,
             not
             meerly
             by
             intreaties
             and
             prayers
             ,
             but
             in
             vertue
             of
             his
             blood
             ,
             which
             sealed
             the
             Covenant
             ,
             and
             made
             atonement
             and
             expiation
             for
             sin
             .
          
           
             Thus
             Christ
             is
             our
             Mediator
             of
             redemption
             ,
             who
             hath
             redeemed
             us
             by
             his
             blood
             ;
             and
             we
             must
             offer
             up
             all
             our
             Prayers
             to
             God
             in
             his
             name
             and
             powerful
             intercession
             ,
             because
             we
             can
             expect
             no
             blessings
             from
             God
             ,
             but
             by
             vertue
             of
             that
             Covenant
             ,
             which
             he
             purchast
             and
             sealed
             with
             his
             Blood.
             
          
           
             But
             now
             a
             Mediator
             of
             pure
             intercession
             ,
             without
             regard
             to
             any
             atonement
             made
             for
             sin
             ,
             or
             any
             Covenant
             of
             redemption
             (
             such
             as
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             and
             the
             blessed
             Virgin
             are
             made
             by
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             )
             is
             a
             mighty
             
             reproach
             to
             the
             Divine
             Nature
             and
             perfections
             .
             It
             cloaths
             God
             with
             the
             passions
             and
             infirmities
             of
             earthly
             Princes
             ;
             represents
             him
             as
             extreamly
             fond
             of
             some
             of
             his
             Creatures
             ,
             and
             very
             regardless
             of
             others
             ;
             as
             if
             his
             kindness
             to
             some
             favourite
             Saint
             ,
             were
             a
             more
             powerful
             motive
             to
             him
             to
             do
             good
             ,
             than
             his
             own
             love
             to
             goodness
             ;
             as
             if
             he
             knew
             not
             when
             ,
             nor
             to
             whom
             ,
             to
             shew
             mercy
             without
             their
             direction
             or
             counsel
             ,
             or
             would
             not
             do
             it
             without
             their
             importunity
             ;
             as
             if
             some
             of
             his
             Creatures
             had
             as
             much
             the
             ascendant
             over
             him
             ,
             as
             some
             favourites
             have
             over
             their
             Princes
             ,
             who
             can
             with
             a
             words
             speaking
             have
             any
             thing
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             extort
             favours
             from
             them
             ,
             even
             against
             their
             wills
             and
             inclinations
             .
             No
             man
             can
             think
             there
             is
             any
             need
             of
             such
             Intercessors
             and
             Mediators
             with
             God
             ,
             who
             believes
             him
             to
             be
             infinitely
             wise
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             infinitely
             good
             ;
             to
             know
             when
             it
             is
             fit
             to
             hear
             and
             to
             answer
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             always
             ready
             to
             do
             ,
             what
             his
             own
             wisdom
             judges
             fit
             to
             be
             done
             .
             There
             can
             be
             no
             place
             for
             such
             intercessions
             and
             intreaties
             ,
             to
             an
             infinitely
             perfect
             Being
             ;
             for
             they
             always
             suppose
             some
             great
             weakness
             or
             defect
             in
             him
             who
             wants
             them
             ,
             for
             even
             a
             wise
             and
             a
             good
             man
             wants
             no
             Mediators
             to
             perswade
             him
             to
             do
             that
             good
             ,
             which
             is
             fit
             to
             be
             done
             .
             The
             Objection
             against
             this
             is
             very
             obvious
             ,
             and
             the
             Answer
             ,
             I
             think
             ,
             is
             as
             easie
             .
             The
             Objection
             is
             this
             :
             If
             God
             be
             so
             good
             ,
             that
             he
             needs
             not
             such
             Prayers
             and
             Intercessions
             to
             move
             him
             to
             do
             good
             ,
             Why
             do
             we
             pray
             for
             our selves
             ?
             Why
             do
             we
             pray
             for
             one
             another
             ?
             Why
             do
             we
             desire
             the
             Prayers
             of
             good
             men
             here
             on
             earth
             ?
             Why
             is
             it
             a
             greater
             reproach
             to
             the
             Divine
             Perfections
             to
             beg
             the
             Prayers
             of
             St.
             
               Paul
               ,
            
             or
             St.
             
               Peter
               ,
            
             now
             they
             are
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             than
             to
             have
             begged
             their
             Prayers
             ,
             while
             they
             had
             been
             on
             Earth
             ?
          
           
             To
             this
             I
             Answer
             :
             When
             we
             pray
             for
             our selves
             ,
             I
             suppose
             ,
             we
             do
             not
             pray
             as
             Mediators
             ,
             but
             as
             Supplicants
             ,
             
             and
             nothing
             can
             be
             more
             reasonable
             ,
             than
             that
             those
             ,
             who
             want
             mercy
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             blessing
             should
             ask
             for
             it
             .
             It
             is
             certainly
             no
             reproach
             to
             the
             Divine
             goodness
             ,
             that
             God
             makes
             Prayer
             the
             condition
             of
             our
             receiving
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             very
             easie
             condition
             ,
             and
             very
             necessary
             to
             maintain
             a
             constant
             sense
             and
             reverence
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             a
             constant
             dependance
             on
             him
             .
             And
             when
             we
             pray
             for
             one
             another
             on
             earth
             ,
             we
             are
             as
             meer
             supplicants
             ,
             as
             when
             we
             pray
             for
             our selves
             ,
             and
             to
             pray
             as
             supplicants
             is
             a
             very
             different
             thing
             from
             praying
             as
             Advocates
             ,
             as
             Mediators
             ,
             as
             Patrons
             .
             The
             vertue
             of
             the
             first
             consists
             only
             in
             the
             power
             and
             efficacy
             of
             Prayer
             ;
             the
             second
             in
             the
             favour
             and
             interest
             of
             the
             person
             .
             This
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             her self
             owns
             ,
             when
             she
             allows
             no
             Mediators
             and
             Advocates
             ,
             but
             Saints
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             sign
             ,
             she
             makes
             a
             vast
             difference
             between
             the
             prayers
             of
             Saints
             on
             earth
             ,
             and
             Saints
             in
             Heaven
             .
          
           
             There
             are
             great
             and
             wise
             reasons
             ,
             why
             God
             should
             command
             and
             encourage
             our
             mutual
             prayers
             for
             each
             other
             while
             we
             are
             on
             earth
             ;
             for
             this
             is
             the
             noblest
             exercise
             of
             universal
             love
             and
             charity
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             necessary
             qualification
             to
             render
             our
             prayers
             acceptable
             to
             God
             ;
             this
             preserves
             the
             unity
             of
             the
             body
             of
             Christ
             ,
             which
             requires
             a
             sympathy
             and
             fellow-feeling
             of
             each
             others
             sufferings
             ,
             this
             is
             the
             foundation
             of
             publick
             worship
             when
             we
             meet
             together
             to
             pray
             with
             ,
             and
             for
             each
             other
             to
             our
             common
             Father
             ;
             and
             it
             gives
             a
             great
             reputation
             to
             vertue
             and
             Religion
             in
             this
             world
             ,
             when
             God
             hears
             the
             prayers
             of
             good
             men
             for
             the
             wicked
             ,
             and
             removes
             or
             diverts
             those
             judgments
             which
             they
             were
             afraid
             of
             ;
             this
             becomes
             the
             wisdom
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             is
             no
             blemish
             to
             his
             goodness
             ,
             to
             dispence
             his
             mercies
             and
             favours
             in
             such
             a
             manner
             as
             may
             best
             serve
             the
             great
             ends
             of
             Religion
             in
             this
             world
             .
          
           
             God
             does
             not
             command
             us
             to
             pray
             for
             our selves
             or
             
             others
             ,
             because
             he
             wants
             our
             importunities
             and
             solicitations
             to
             do
             good
             ,
             but
             because
             it
             serves
             the
             publick
             ends
             of
             Religion
             and
             Government
             ,
             and
             is
             that
             natural
             homage
             and
             worship
             ,
             which
             Creatures
             owe
             to
             their
             great
             Creator
             and
             Benefactor
             ,
             and
             Soveraign
             Lord.
             But
             to
             imagine
             ,
             that
             God
             needs
             Advocates
             and
             Mediators
             to
             solicite
             our
             cause
             for
             us
             in
             the
             Court
             of
             Heaven
             ,
             where
             none
             of
             these
             ends
             can
             be
             served
             by
             it
             ,
             this
             is
             a
             plain
             impeachment
             of
             his
             wisdom
             and
             goodness
             ,
             as
             if
             he
             wanted
             great
             importunities
             to
             do
             good
             ,
             and
             were
             more
             moved
             by
             a
             partial
             kindness
             and
             respect
             to
             some
             powerful
             favourites
             ,
             than
             by
             the
             care
             of
             his
             Creatures
             ,
             or
             his
             love
             to
             goodness
             .
          
           
             Erom
             hence
             it
             evidently
             appears
             ,
             how
             inconsequent
             that
             reasoning
             is
             ,
             from
             our
             begging
             the
             prayers
             of
             good
             men
             on
             earth
             ,
             to
             prove
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             our
             praying
             to
             the
             Saints
             in
             Heaven
             to
             pray
             and
             interceed
             for
             us
             ;
             the
             first
             makes
             them
             our
             fellow
             supplicants
             ,
             the
             second
             makes
             them
             our
             Mediators
             and
             Intercessors
             ;
             and
             how
             little
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             gains
             by
             that
             distinction
             ,
             between
             a
             Mediator
             of
             Redemption
             ,
             and
             Mediators
             of
             pure
             Intercession
             ▪
             for
             though
             they
             pray
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             only
             as
             Mediators
             of
             Intercession
             ,
             yet
             this
             is
             a
             real
             reproach
             to
             the
             nature
             and
             government
             of
             God
             ;
             a
             Mediator
             of
             Redemption
             is
             very
             consistent
             with
             the
             Divine
             glory
             and
             perfections
             ,
             a
             Mediator
             of
             pure
             intercession
             is
             not
             .
             And
             the
             sum
             of
             all
             is
             this
             ,
             That
             it
             is
             so
             far
             from
             advancing
             the
             Divine
             glory
             to
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             together
             with
             God
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             a
             real
             reproach
             and
             dishonour
             to
             him
             ;
             and
             therefore
             this
             can
             be
             no
             Law
             nor
             Institution
             of
             our
             Saviour
             ,
             who
             came
             not
             to
             abrogate
             the
             Divine
             Laws
             ,
             but
             to
             fulfil
             and
             perfect
             them
             .
             Some
             think
             there
             is
             no
             danger
             of
             dishonouring
             God
             by
             that
             honour
             they
             give
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             because
             they
             honour
             them
             as
             Gods
             Friends
             and
             Favourites
             ,
             as
             those
             
             whom
             God
             has
             honoured
             and
             advanced
             to
             great
             glory
             ;
             and
             therefore
             whatever
             honour
             they
             do
             to
             them
             ,
             rebounds
             back
             again
             on
             God
             ,
             and
             this
             may
             be
             true
             ,
             while
             we
             give
             no
             honour
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             but
             what
             is
             consistent
             with
             the
             Divine
             glory
             ;
             but
             when
             the
             very
             nature
             of
             that
             honour
             and
             worship
             we
             pay
             to
             them
             ,
             is
             a
             diminution
             of
             Gods
             glory
             ,
             and
             a
             reproach
             to
             his
             infinite
             perfections
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             made
             it
             appear
             ,
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             is
             ,
             surely
             it
             cannot
             be
             for
             Gods
             glory
             to
             advance
             his
             Creatures
             by
             lessening
             himself
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             LEt
             us
             now
             consider
             ,
             whether
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             together
             with
             God
             ,
             be
             a
             more
             perfect
             state
             of
             Religion
             than
             the
             worship
             of
             God
             alone
             ,
             with
             respect
             to
             our selves
             ;
             whether
             it
             puts
             us
             into
             a
             more
             perfect
             and
             excellent
             state
             .
             It
             does
             indeed
             mightily
             gratifie
             the
             superstition
             of
             mankind
             to
             have
             a
             multitude
             of
             Advocates
             and
             Mediators
             to
             address
             to
             ,
             but
             there
             are
             three
             considerations
             which
             may
             satisfie
             any
             man
             ,
             how
             far
             this
             is
             from
             a
             perfect
             state
             of
             Religion
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             That
             it
             argues
             very
             mean
             and
             low
             conceits
             of
             God
             ,
             for
             did
             men
             believe
             God
             to
             be
             so
             wise
             ,
             so
             good
             ,
             and
             so
             powerful
             ,
             as
             really
             he
             is
             ,
             they
             would
             be
             contented
             with
             one
             infinite
             God
             ,
             instead
             of
             ten
             thousand
             meaner
             Advocates
             .
             The
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ▪
             as
             I
             have
             already
             proved
             ,
             is
             a
             great
             reproach
             to
             the
             Divine
             perfections
             ,
             and
             therefore
             such
             worshippers
             must
             have
             very
             imperfect
             and
             childish
             apprehensions
             of
             the
             Supreme
             Being
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             plain
             proof
             what
             an
             imperfect
             state
             of
             Religion
             this
             is
             ;
             for
             the
             perfection
             of
             Religion
             is
             always
             proportioned
             to
             that
             knowledge
             we
             have
             of
             God
             ,
             who
             is
             the
             object
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             This
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             is
             a
             very
             servile
             
             state
             ,
             it
             subjects
             us
             to
             our
             fellow-creatures
             ,
             who
             are
             by
             nature
             but
             our
             equals
             ,
             however
             are
             not
             our
             Gods.
             It
             is
             a
             state
             of
             liberty
             ,
             freedom
             and
             honour
             ,
             to
             be
             subject
             to
             God
             ,
             who
             is
             our
             natural
             Lord
             and
             Soveraign
             ,
             but
             to
             fall
             down
             to
             our
             fellow
             Creatures
             ,
             and
             to
             worship
             them
             with
             Divine
             honours
             ,
             with
             all
             humility
             of
             address
             ,
             and
             sacred
             and
             awful
             regards
             ,
             is
             to
             debase
             our selves
             as
             much
             below
             the
             dignity
             of
             our
             natures
             ,
             as
             we
             advance
             them
             above
             it
             .
             The
             excellency
             and
             perfection
             of
             reasonable
             Creatures
             principally
             consists
             in
             their
             Religion
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             the
             most
             perfect
             Religion
             ,
             which
             does
             most
             advance
             ,
             adorn
             ,
             and
             perfect
             our
             Natures
             ;
             but
             it
             is
             an
             argument
             of
             an
             abject
             mind
             ,
             to
             be
             contented
             to
             worship
             the
             most
             excellent
             Creatures
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             greater
             dishonour
             than
             to
             own
             the
             vilest
             Slave
             for
             our
             Prince
             .
             Mean
             objects
             of
             worship
             do
             more
             debase
             the
             Soul
             ,
             than
             any
             other
             the
             wilest
             submissions
             ;
             and
             the
             more
             our
             dependancies
             are
             ,
             and
             the
             meaner
             they
             are
             ,
             the
             more
             imperfect
             our
             State
             and
             Religion
             is
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             The
             greatest
             perfection
             of
             Religion
             ,
             consists
             in
             the
             nearest
             and
             most
             immediate
             approach
             to
             God
             ;
             which
             I
             think
             ,
             these
             men
             cannot
             pretend
             to
             ,
             who
             flye
             to
             the
             patronage
             and
             intercession
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             to
             obtain
             their
             Petitions
             of
             him
             .
             Though
             we
             should
             allow
             it
             lawful
             to
             pray
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             to
             mediate
             for
             us
             with
             God
             ,
             yet
             we
             cannot
             but
             own
             it
             a
             more
             perfect
             state
             to
             do
             as
             the
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             themselves
             do
             ,
             go
             to
             God
             without
             any
             other
             Advocate
             but
             Christ
             himself
             .
             It
             is
             a
             great
             happiness
             to
             have
             a
             freind
             at
             Court
             ,
             to
             commend
             us
             to
             our
             Prince
             ,
             when
             we
             have
             no
             interest
             of
             our
             own
             ,
             but
             it
             is
             a
             greater
             priviledge
             to
             go
             immediately
             to
             our
             Prince
             when
             we
             please
             ,
             without
             any
             Favourite
             to
             introduce
             us
             .
             This
             is
             the
             perfect
             state
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             that
             we
             have
             received
             
               The
               adoption
               of
               sins
               ,
            
             
             
               and
               because
               we
               are
               sons
               ,
               God
               hath
               sent
               forth
               the
               spirit
               of
               his
               Son
               
               into
               our
               hearts
               ,
               crying
               Abba
               Father
               .
            
             That
             is
             ,
             this
             Holy
             Spirit
             which
             dwells
             in
             us
             ,
             teaches
             us
             to
             call
             God
             Father
             ,
             and
             to
             pray
             to
             him
             with
             the
             humble
             assurance
             and
             confidence
             of
             Children
             .
             This
             is
             the
             effect
             of
             Christ
             intertercession
             for
             us
             ,
             
             
               That
               we
               may
               now
               come
               boldly
               unto
               the
               throne
               of
               Grace
               ,
               that
               we
               may
               obtain
               mercy
               ,
               and
               find
               grace
               to
               help
               in
               a
               time
               of
               need
               .
            
             The
             throne
             of
             Grace
             certainly
             is
             not
             the
             shrine
             of
             any
             Saints
             ,
             but
             the
             immediate
             throne
             and
             presence
             of
             God
             ,
             whether
             we
             may
             immediately
             direct
             our
             Prayers
             through
             the
             merits
             and
             intercession
             of
             Christ.
             Upon
             the
             same
             account
             the
             whole
             body
             of
             Christians
             are
             called
             
               a
               Spiritual
               house
               ,
            
             that
             is
             ,
             the
             Temple
             of
             God
             ,
             where
             he
             is
             peculiarly
             present
             to
             hear
             those
             Prayers
             which
             are
             made
             to
             him
             ,
             
               An
               holy
               priesthood
               ,
            
             
             
               to
               offer
               up
               spiritual
               sacrifices
               acceptable
               to
               God
               through
               Jesus
               Christ.
            
             And
             
               a
               chosen
               generation
               ,
               a
               royal
               priesthood
               ,
               an
               holy
               nation
               ,
               a
               peculiar
               people
               :
            
             This
             is
             a
             priviledge
             above
             what
             the
             Jews
             enjoyed
             ,
             they
             had
             a
             Priesthood
             to
             minister
             in
             holy
             things
             ,
             and
             to
             offer
             their
             Sacrifices
             for
             them
             ,
             but
             the
             whole
             Nation
             was
             not
             a
             Priesthood
             ,
             nor
             had
             such
             immediate
             access
             to
             God
             ;
             but
             now
             every
             Christian
             has
             as
             near
             an
             access
             to
             God
             as
             the
             Priests
             themselves
             under
             the
             Law
             had
             ;
             can
             offer
             up
             his
             Prayers
             and
             Spiritual
             Sacrifices
             immediately
             to
             God
             ;
             and
             that
             very
             acceptably
             too
             ,
             through
             Jesus
             Christ
             our
             great
             High
             Priest
             and
             Mediator
             ;
             and
             if
             our
             Prayers
             be
             acceptable
             to
             God
             by
             Jesus
             Chrrist
             ,
             we
             need
             no
             other
             Mediators
             or
             Advocates
             .
             This
             is
             the
             onely
             direction
             our
             Saviour
             gave
             his
             Disciples
             a
             little
             before
             his
             death
             ,
             to
             ask
             in
             his
             name
             ,
             with
             this
             promise
             ,
             
               If
               ye
               ask
               any
               thing
               in
               my
               name
               ,
            
             
             
               I
               will
               do
               it
               .
               Hither
               to
               have
               you
               asked
               nothing
               in
               my
               name
               ,
               ask
               and
               ye
               shall
               receive
               ,
               that
               your
               joy
               may
               be
               full
               .
            
             And
             to
             give
             them
             the
             greater
             assurance
             of
             acceptance
             ,
             he
             acquaints
             them
             with
             Gods
             great
             and
             tender
             affection
             for
             them
             ,
             such
             as
             a
             Father
             has
             for
             his
             Children
             .
             
               At
               that
               day
               ye
               shall
               ask
               in
               my
               
               name
               ;
            
             
             
               and
               I
               say
               not
               unto
               you
               ,
               that
               I
               will
               pray
               the
               Father
               for
               you
               ,
               for
               the
               Father
               himself
               loveth
               you
               because
               ye
               have
               loved
               me
               ,
               and
               have
               believed
               ,
               that
               I
               came
               out
               from
               God
               ;
            
             a
             reason
             which
             equally
             extends
             to
             all
             those
             who
             shall
             believe
             in
             Christ
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             of
             the
             world
             .
             And
             can
             we
             now
             imagine
             ,
             that
             when
             our
             Saviour
             has
             purchast
             for
             us
             this
             liberty
             of
             access
             to
             God
             ,
             he
             should
             send
             us
             round
             about
             by
             the
             shrines
             and
             Altars
             of
             numerous
             and
             unknown
             Saints
             to
             the
             Throne
             of
             Grace
             .
             When
             he
             will
             not
             assert
             the
             necessity
             of
             his
             own
             Prayers
             for
             us
             ,
             while
             we
             pray
             in
             his
             name
             ,
             because
             our
             heavenly
             Father
             hath
             such
             a
             tender
             affection
             for
             all
             the
             Disciples
             of
             Christ
             ,
             can
             we
             think
             it
             necessary
             to
             pray
             to
             St.
             
               Paul
            
             and
             St.
             
               Peter
               ,
            
             and
             the
             Virgin
             
               Mary
            
             to
             pray
             for
             us
             .
             This
             is
             none
             of
             our
             Saviours
             institution
             ,
             nor
             can
             it
             be
             ,
             because
             Christ
             by
             his
             death
             and
             sufferings
             and
             intercessions
             brings
             us
             nearer
             to
             God
             ,
             
             as
             the
             Apostle
             to
             the
             
               Hebrews
            
             speaks
             ,
             
               Having
               therefore
               Brethren
               boldness
               to
               enter
               into
               the
               holiest
               by
               the
               blood
               of
               Jesus
               ,
               by
               a
               new
               and
               living
               way
               ,
               which
               he
               hath
               consecrated
               for
               us
               through
               the
               vail
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               ,
               his
               flesh
               ,
               and
               having
               an
               high
               Priest
               over
               the
               house
               of
               God
               ,
               let
               us
               draw
               near
               with
               a
               true
               heart
               ,
               in
               full
               assurance
               of
               Faith.
            
             But
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             removes
             us
             at
             a
             great
             distance
             from
             God
             ,
             as
             not
             daring
             to
             approach
             his
             presence
             without
             the
             mediation
             of
             some
             Favourite
             Saint
             .
             And
             though
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             does
             sometimes
             pray
             directly
             to
             God
             only
             ,
             in
             the
             Name
             and
             Mediation
             of
             Christ
             ,
             as
             the
             Pagans
             themselves
             sometimes
             did
             to
             their
             Supreme
             Deity
             ,
             yet
             it
             seems
             this
             is
             what
             they
             dare
             not
             trust
             to
             ,
             and
             therefore
             joyn
             the
             Meditation
             of
             Saints
             with
             their
             Prayers
             to
             God
             ,
             and
             never
             pray
             to
             God
             without
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             THat
             the
             Gospel
             of
             our
             Saviour
             has
             made
             no
             alteration
             in
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             ,
             appears
             from
             that
             Analogie
             which
             there
             is
             ,
             and
             ought
             to
             be
             ,
             between
             the
             Jewish
             and
             Christian
             Worship
             .
             The
             Jewish
             and
             Christian
             Church
             are
             but
             one
             Church
             ,
             and
             their
             worship
             the
             same
             worship
             ,
             only
             with
             this
             difference
             ,
             that
             the
             Jewish
             worship
             was
             in
             Type
             and
             Figure
             ,
             and
             Ceremony
             ,
             the
             Christian
             worship
             in
             Truth
             and
             Substance
             .
             And
             therefore
             if
             this
             legal
             and
             Evangelical
             worship
             be
             the
             same
             it
             must
             have
             the
             some
             object
             ,
             for
             the
             object
             is
             the
             most
             essential
             part
             of
             worship
             .
          
           
             So
             that
             if
             it
             appear
             ,
             not
             only
             from
             the
             express
             letter
             of
             the
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             but
             from
             all
             the
             Types
             and
             Figures
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             that
             God
             only
             was
             to
             be
             worshipt
             by
             the
             Jewish
             Church
             ;
             if
             Christ
             was
             to
             fulfil
             all
             these
             Types
             and
             Figures
             in
             his
             own
             person
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Evangelical
             worship
             ,
             then
             it
             is
             certain
             ,
             that
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             must
             be
             the
             same
             still
             ;
             for
             if
             the
             Type
             was
             confined
             in
             its
             nature
             and
             signification
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             One
             God
             ,
             then
             the
             whole
             Christian
             worship
             ,
             which
             was
             signifyed
             and
             praesigured
             by
             these
             Types
             ,
             must
             be
             peculiar
             and
             appropriate
             to
             the
             same
             One
             Supreme
             God.
             
          
           
             As
             for
             instance
             .
             I
             have
             already
             proved
             at
             large
             ,
             that
             the
             Jews
             were
             to
             worship
             but
             One
             God
             ,
             because
             they
             had
             but
             one
             Temple
             to
             worship
             in
             ,
             and
             all
             their
             worship
             had
             some
             relation
             or
             other
             to
             this
             one
             Temple
             ,
             and
             therefore
             all
             their
             worship
             was
             appropriated
             to
             that
             One
             God
             ,
             whose
             Temple
             it
             was
             ;
             now
             we
             know
             Gods
             dweling
             in
             the
             Temple
             at
             
               Jerusalem
               ,
            
             was
             only
             a
             Type
             and
             Figure
             of
             Gods
             dwelling
             in
             Humane
             Nature
             ,
             upon
             which
             account
             Christ
             calls
             his
             body
             the
             Temple
             ;
             and
             St.
             
               John
            
             tells
             us
             ,
             
             
               That
               the
               word
               was
               made
               flesh
               and
               dwelt
               
               among
               us
               ,
            
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             tabernacled
             among
             us
             ;
             as
             God
             formerly
             dwelt
             in
             the
             Jewish
             Tabernacle
             or
             Temple
             ,
             and
             St.
             
               Paul
            
             adds
             ,
             
             
               That
               the
               fulness
               of
               the
               Godhead
               dwelt
               in
               Christ
               bodily
               ,
            
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             really
             ,
             substantially
             ,
             as
             an
             accomplishment
             of
             Gods
             dwelling
             by
             Types
             and
             Figures
             ,
             and
             shadows
             in
             the
             Jewish
             Temple
             .
          
           
             Now
             if
             all
             the
             Jewish
             worship
             was
             confined
             to
             the
             Temple
             ,
             or
             had
             a
             necessary
             relation
             to
             it
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             already
             proved
             ,
             and
             this
             Temple
             was
             but
             a
             figure
             of
             the
             Incarnation
             of
             Christ
             ,
             who
             should
             dwell
             among
             us
             in
             humane
             nature
             ,
             then
             all
             the
             Christian
             worship
             must
             be
             offered
             up
             to
             God
             through
             Jesus
             Christ
             ,
             as
             all
             the
             Jewish
             worship
             was
             offered
             to
             God
             at
             the
             Temple
             ;
             for
             Christ
             is
             the
             only
             Temple
             (
             in
             a
             strict
             and
             proper
             sense
             )
             of
             the
             Christian
             Church
             ,
             and
             therefore
             he
             alone
             can
             render
             all
             our
             services
             acceptable
             to
             God.
             So
             that
             God
             ,
             who
             is
             the
             Father
             of
             our
             Lord
             Jesus
             Christ
             ,
             is
             the
             only
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             ,
             and
             Christ
             considered
             as
             God
             Incarnate
             ,
             as
             God
             dwelling
             in
             humane
             nature
             ,
             is
             the
             only
             Temple
             where
             all
             our
             worship
             must
             be
             offered
             to
             God
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             we
             shall
             find
             acceptance
             with
             God
             only
             in
             his
             name
             and
             mediation
             :
             we
             must
             worship
             no
             other
             Being
             but
             only
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             and
             that
             only
             through
             Jesus
             Christ.
             
          
           
             Thus
             under
             the
             Law
             the
             Priests
             were
             to
             intercede
             for
             the
             people
             ,
             but
             not
             without
             Sacrifice
             ;
             their
             Intercession
             was
             founded
             in
             making
             atonement
             and
             expiation
             for
             sin
             ;
             which
             plainly
             signified
             ,
             that
             under
             the
             Gospel
             we
             can
             have
             no
             other
             Mediator
             ,
             but
             only
             him
             ,
             who
             expiates
             our
             sins
             ,
             and
             intercedes
             in
             the
             merits
             of
             his
             Sacrifice
             ;
             who
             is
             our
             Priest
             and
             our
             Sacrifice
             ,
             and
             therefore
             our
             Mediator
             ;
             
             as
             St.
             
               John
            
             observes
             .
             
               If
               any
               man
               sin
               ,
               we
               have
               an
               Advocate
               with
               the
               Father
               Jesus
               Christ
               the
               righteous
               ,
               and
               he
               is
               the
               propitiation
               for
               our
               sins
               .
            
             The
             Law
             knew
             no
             such
             thing
             as
             a
             Mediator
             of
             pure
             intercession
             ,
             a
             Mediator
             ,
             
             who
             is
             no
             Priest
             ,
             and
             offers
             no
             Sacrifice
             for
             us
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             Gospel
             allows
             of
             no
             such
             Mediators
             neither
             ,
             who
             mediate
             onely
             by
             their
             Prayers
             ,
             without
             a
             Sacrifice
             ,
             such
             Mediators
             as
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             makes
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             and
             the
             Virgin
             
               Mary
               ;
            
             but
             we
             have
             onely
             one
             Mediator
             ,
             a
             Mediator
             of
             redemption
             ,
             who
             has
             purchased
             us
             with
             his
             Blood
             ,
             of
             whom
             the
             Priests
             under
             the
             Law
             were
             Types
             and
             Figures
             .
          
           
             Thus
             under
             the
             Law
             ,
             none
             but
             the
             High
             Priest
             was
             to
             enter
             into
             the
             Holy
             of
             Holies
             ,
             with
             the
             blood
             of
             the
             Sacrifice
             ;
             now
             the
             Holy
             of
             Holies
             was
             a
             Type
             of
             Heaven
             ,
             and
             therefore
             this
             plainly
             signified
             ,
             that
             under
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             
             there
             should
             be
             but
             one
             High
             Priest
             and
             Mediator
             ,
             to
             offer
             up
             our
             Prayers
             and
             Supplications
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             He
             and
             He
             onely
             ,
             who
             enters
             into
             Heaven
             with
             his
             own
             Blood
             ,
             as
             the
             High
             Priest
             went
             into
             the
             Holy
             of
             Holies
             with
             the
             blood
             of
             the
             Sacrifice
             .
             There
             may
             be
             a
             great
             many
             Priests
             and
             Advocates
             on
             Earth
             to
             interceed
             for
             us
             ,
             as
             there
             were
             under
             the
             Law
             ,
             great
             numbers
             of
             Priests
             ,
             the
             Sons
             of
             
               Aaron
               ,
            
             to
             attend
             the
             Service
             and
             Ministry
             of
             the
             Temple
             ,
             but
             we
             have
             ,
             and
             can
             have
             ,
             but
             one
             Priest
             and
             Mediator
             in
             Heaven
             .
          
           
             Whoever
             acknowledges
             that
             the
             Priesthood
             and
             Ministry
             of
             the
             Law
             was
             Typical
             of
             the
             Evangelical
             Priesthood
             and
             Worship
             ,
             cannot
             avoid
             the
             force
             of
             this
             Argument
             ,
             and
             whoever
             will
             not
             acknowledge
             this
             ,
             must
             reject
             most
             of
             St.
             
             Paul's
             Epistles
             ,
             especially
             the
             Epistle
             to
             the
             Hebrews
             ,
             which
             proceeds
             wholely
             upon
             this
             way
             of
             reasoning
             :
             Now
             this
             manifestly
             justifies
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             as
             true
             Christian
             worship
             ,
             for
             we
             worship
             One
             God
             through
             one
             Mediator
             ,
             who
             offered
             himself
             a
             Sacrifice
             for
             us
             ,
             when
             he
             was
             on
             Earth
             ,
             and
             interceeds
             for
             us
             as
             our
             High
             Priest
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             which
             answers
             to
             the
             One
             Temple
             ,
             and
             the
             One
             High
             Priest
             under
             the
             Law
             :
             But
             though
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             does
             
             what
             we
             do
             ,
             worship
             the
             Supreme
             God
             through
             Jesus
             Christ
             ,
             yet
             she
             spoils
             the
             Analogie
             between
             the
             Type
             and
             the
             Antitype
             ,
             the
             legal
             and
             Evangelical
             worship
             ,
             by
             doing
             more
             ;
             when
             she
             sends
             us
             to
             the
             Shrines
             and
             Altars
             of
             so
             many
             several
             Saints
             ,
             surely
             this
             cannot
             answer
             to
             that
             one
             Temple
             at
             
               Jerusalem
               ,
            
             where
             God
             alone
             was
             to
             be
             worshipped
             ,
             there
             are
             as
             many
             Temples
             and
             Mercy-seats
             now
             ,
             as
             there
             are
             Shrines
             and
             Altars
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             by
             whose
             Intercession
             we
             may
             obtain
             our
             requests
             of
             God.
             When
             she
             advances
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             to
             the
             Office
             of
             Mediators
             and
             Interceslsors
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             this
             contradicts
             the
             Type
             of
             One
             High
             Priest
             ,
             who
             alone
             might
             enter
             into
             the
             Holy
             of
             Holies
             ,
             which
             was
             a
             type
             of
             Heaven
             ;
             for
             there
             is
             some
             difference
             between
             having
             one
             Mediator
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             (
             and
             there
             can
             be
             no
             more
             under
             the
             Gospel
             to
             answer
             to
             the
             Typical
             High
             Priest
             under
             the
             Law
             )
             and
             having
             a
             hundred
             Mediators
             in
             Heaven
             together
             with
             our
             Typical
             High
             Priest.
             To
             have
             a
             Mediator
             of
             pure
             Intercession
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             who
             never
             offered
             any
             Sacrifice
             for
             us
             ,
             cannot
             answer
             to
             the
             High
             Priest
             under
             the
             Law
             ,
             who
             could
             not
             enter
             into
             the
             Holy
             of
             Holies
             without
             the
             blood
             of
             the
             Sacrifice
             .
             The
             High
             Priests
             entring
             but
             once
             a
             year
             into
             the
             Holy
             of
             Holies
             ,
             which
             was
             typical
             of
             Christs
             entring
             once
             into
             Heaven
             to
             intercede
             for
             us
             ,
             cannot
             be
             reconciled
             with
             a
             new
             succession
             of
             Mediators
             ,
             as
             ofter
             as
             the
             Pope
             of
             
               Rome
            
             pleases
             to
             cannonize
             them
             .
             So
             that
             either
             the
             Law
             was
             not
             typical
             of
             the
             state
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             or
             the
             Worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             which
             is
             so
             contrary
             to
             all
             the
             types
             and
             figures
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             cannot
             be
             true
             Christian
             Worship
             .
          
           
             Sixthly
             ,
             I
             shall
             add
             but
             one
             thing
             more
             ,
             that
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             have
             made
             no
             alteration
             in
             the
             object
             of
             worship
             ,
             appears
             from
             hence
             ,
             that
             
               de
               facto
            
             there
             is
             no
             such
             Law
             in
             the
             Gospel
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             
             besides
             the
             One
             Supreme
             God.
             There
             is
             a
             great
             deal
             against
             it
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             already
             shewn
             ;
             but
             if
             there
             had
             been
             nothing
             against
             it
             ,
             it
             had
             been
             argument
             enough
             against
             any
             such
             alteration
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             no
             express
             positive
             Law
             for
             it
             .
             The
             force
             of
             which
             argument
             does
             not
             consist
             meerly
             in
             the
             silence
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             nothing
             said
             for
             it
             ,
             (
             which
             the
             most
             Learned
             Advocates
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             readily
             grant
             ,
             and
             give
             their
             reasons
             ,
             such
             as
             they
             are
             ,
             why
             this
             was
             not
             done
             ,
             why
             we
             are
             not
             directed
             to
             pray
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             and
             Images
             ,
             
               &c.
               )
            
             but
             the
             argument
             lies
             in
             this
             ,
             that
             there
             can
             be
             no
             alteration
             made
             in
             the
             object
             of
             worship
             without
             an
             express
             Law
             ;
             and
             therefore
             there
             is
             no
             alteration
             made
             ,
             because
             there
             is
             no
             such
             Law
             in
             the
             Gospel
             .
          
           
             The
             Jews
             were
             expresly
             commanded
             to
             worship
             no
             other
             Being
             ,
             but
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             as
             I
             have
             already
             proved
             ,
             which
             Law
             appropriates
             all
             the
             acts
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             one
             God
             ;
             and
             therefore
             all
             those
             ,
             who
             were
             under
             the
             obligation
             of
             this
             Law
             (
             as
             to
             be
             sure
             all
             natural
             Jews
             were
             )
             could
             not
             without
             the
             guilt
             of
             Idolatry
             give
             any
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             any
             other
             Being
             ,
             till
             this
             Law
             were
             expresly
             repealed
             ,
             and
             express
             leave
             given
             to
             worship
             some
             other
             Divine
             Beings
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ;
             so
             that
             at
             least
             our
             Saviour
             himself
             ,
             while
             he
             was
             on
             Earth
             ,
             and
             subject
             to
             the
             Law
             ,
             and
             his
             Apostles
             ,
             and
             all
             believing
             Jews
             ,
             were
             obliged
             by
             this
             Law
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God
             ,
             unless
             we
             can
             shew
             where
             Christ
             by
             his
             Legislative
             Authority
             ,
             or
             his
             Apostles
             by
             Commission
             from
             him
             ,
             have
             expresly
             repealed
             this
             Law
             ;
             nay
             ,
             indeed
             ▪
             unless
             we
             can
             shew
             ,
             that
             Christ
             himself
             repealed
             this
             Law
             ,
             and
             taught
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             the
             Apostles
             themselves
             could
             have
             no
             authority
             to
             do
             it
             ,
             
             for
             their
             Commission
             was
             onely
             to
             teach
             what
             Christ
             had
             commanded
             them
             ,
             which
             though
             it
             does
             not
             extend
             
             to
             matters
             of
             order
             and
             discipline
             ,
             and
             the
             external
             circumstances
             of
             worship
             ,
             yet
             it
             does
             to
             all
             the
             essentials
             of
             Faith
             and
             Worship
             ,
             and
             I
             think
             the
             right
             object
             of
             Worship
             is
             the
             most
             essential
             thing
             in
             Religious
             Worship
             .
          
           
             From
             hence
             it
             appears
             ,
             that
             at
             least
             all
             the
             Jewish
             Christians
             in
             the
             Apostles
             days
             ,
             and
             all
             succeeding
             Ages
             to
             this
             day
             ,
             cannot
             Worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             without
             Idolatry
             ,
             because
             the
             Law
             ▪
             which
             was
             given
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             never
             yet
             repealed
             ,
             commands
             them
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God
             ;
             and
             if
             Gentile
             Converts
             were
             received
             into
             the
             Jewish
             Christian
             Church
             (
             and
             Christ
             has
             but
             one
             Church
             of
             Jews
             and
             Gentiles
             )
             they
             must
             also
             be
             obliged
             by
             all
             those
             Laws
             ,
             which
             were
             then
             ,
             and
             are
             still
             obligatory
             to
             all
             believing
             Jews
             ,
             and
             therefore
             Gentile
             as
             well
             as
             Jewish
             Christians
             ,
             are
             still
             bound
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God.
             
          
           
             Now
             I
             think
             I
             need
             not
             prove
             ,
             that
             an
             express
             Law
             can
             be
             repealed
             onely
             by
             an
             express
             Law.
             That
             Law
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             God
             ,
             and
             him
             onely
             ,
             must
             continue
             in
             full
             force
             ,
             till
             God
             do
             as
             expresly
             declare
             ,
             that
             he
             allows
             us
             to
             pay
             some
             degree
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             other
             Beings
             besides
             himself
             :
             When
             a
             Law-giver
             has
             declared
             his
             will
             and
             pleasure
             by
             a
             Law
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             fit
             that
             Subjects
             should
             be
             allowed
             to
             guess
             ▪
             at
             his
             mind
             ,
             and
             dispute
             away
             an
             express
             Law
             by
             some
             surmizes
             and
             consequences
             ,
             how
             probable
             soever
             they
             may
             appear
             ;
             for
             at
             this
             rate
             a
             Law
             signifies
             nothing
             ,
             if
             we
             may
             guess
             at
             the
             will
             of
             our
             Law-giver
             ,
             without
             and
             against
             an
             express
             Law.
             And
             yet
             none
             of
             the
             Advocates
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             (
             though
             they
             are
             not
             usually
             guilty
             of
             too
             much
             modesty
             )
             ever
             had
             the
             confidence
             to
             pretend
             an
             express
             Law
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             and
             Images
             ,
             
               &c.
            
             and
             though
             they
             sometimes
             alledge
             Scripture
             to
             prove
             this
             by
             ,
             yet
             they
             do
             not
             pretend
             that
             they
             are
             direct
             proofs
             ,
             but
             onely
             attempt
             to
             prove
             some
             
             other
             Doctrines
             from
             Scripture
             ,
             from
             which
             they
             think
             they
             may
             prove
             by
             some
             probable
             consequences
             that
             which
             the
             Scripture
             no-where
             plainly
             teaches
             ,
             nay
             the
             contrary
             to
             which
             is
             expresly
             taught
             in
             Scripture
             .
             And
             if
             this
             may
             be
             allow'd
             ,
             I
             know
             no
             Law
             of
             God
             so
             plain
             and
             express
             ,
             but
             a
             witty
             man
             may
             find
             ways
             to
             escape
             the
             obligation
             of
             it
             .
             This
             is
             a
             consideration
             of
             great
             moment
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             shall
             discourse
             more
             particularly
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             The
             Law
             of
             
               Moses
            
             expresly
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             God
             ,
             and
             him
             onely
             ;
             Our
             Saviour
             Christ
             owns
             and
             confirms
             the
             authority
             of
             this
             Law
             in
             the
             Gospel
             ;
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             notwithstanding
             this
             Law
             ,
             gives
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             Creatures
             ;
             the
             question
             then
             is
             ;
             how
             she
             avoids
             the
             force
             of
             this
             Law
             ,
             since
             it
             is
             no
             where
             expresly
             repealed
             ,
             and
             she
             does
             not
             pretend
             that
             it
             is
             .
             Now
             the
             Patrons
             of
             Creature-worship
             think
             to
             justifie
             themselves
             from
             the
             breach
             of
             this
             Law
             ,
             these
             three
             ways
             .
             1.
             
             By
             consequences
             drawn
             ,
             as
             they
             pretend
             ,
             from
             other
             Scripture-Doctrines
             .
             2.
             
             By
             distinctions
             .
             And
             3.
             
             By
             authority
             .
             Let
             us
             then
             examine
             ,
             whether
             all
             this
             have
             any
             force
             against
             an
             express
             Law
             ,
             which
             was
             never
             expresly
             repepealed
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             By
             consequences
             drawn
             ,
             as
             they
             pretend
             ,
             from
             other
             Scripture-Doctrines
             ;
             and
             I
             shall
             discourse
             this
             with
             a
             particular
             reference
             to
             the
             Invocation
             of
             Saints
             .
             For
             when
             they
             would
             prove
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             praying
             to
             Saints
             ,
             they
             alledge
             no
             direct
             proof
             of
             this
             from
             Scripture
             ;
             But
             because
             they
             must
             make
             a
             shew
             of
             saying
             something
             from
             Scripture
             ,
             when
             they
             are
             to
             deal
             with
             such
             Hereticks
             as
             will
             be
             satisfied
             with
             no
             less
             authority
             ,
             they
             endeavour
             to
             prove
             something
             else
             from
             Scripture
             ,
             from
             whence
             they
             think
             by
             an
             easie
             consequence
             ,
             they
             can
             prove
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             praying
             to
             Saints
             .
          
           
           
             Thus
             they
             very
             easily
             prove
             ,
             that
             we
             may
             and
             ought
             to
             pray
             for
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             to
             desire
             each
             others
             prayers
             while
             we
             are
             on
             Earth
             ;
             and
             from
             hence
             they
             presently
             conclude
             ,
             that
             we
             may
             as
             lawfully
             pray
             to
             Saints
             in
             Heaven
             to
             pray
             for
             us
             ,
             as
             beg
             and
             desire
             their
             prayers
             ,
             while
             they
             are
             on
             Earth
             .
          
           
             And
             to
             confirm
             this
             ,
             they
             endeavour
             to
             prove
             ,
             that
             some
             extraordinary
             Saints
             ,
             whose
             merits
             are
             very
             great
             ,
             do
             directly
             ascend
             up
             into
             Heaven
             into
             the
             immediate
             presence
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             a
             participation
             of
             his
             Glory
             ;
             and
             hence
             they
             conclude
             ,
             that
             they
             have
             authority
             and
             power
             to
             help
             us
             and
             to
             intercede
             for
             us
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             are
             so
             far
             advanced
             above
             us
             in
             this
             mortal
             state
             ,
             that
             they
             deserve
             some
             kind
             of
             Religious
             Honour
             and
             Worship
             from
             us
             ,
             as
             being
             
               Dii
               per
               participationem
               ,
            
             Gods
             by
             participation
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             by
             partaking
             in
             the
             Divine
             Nature
             and
             Glory
             by
             their
             advancement
             to
             Heaven
             .
          
           
             And
             if
             after
             all
             this
             they
             can
             prove
             ,
             that
             the
             Saints
             in
             Heaven
             do
             pray
             and
             intercede
             for
             us
             on
             Earth
             ,
             they
             think
             the
             demonstration
             is
             complete
             and
             perfect
             ,
             that
             therefore
             *
             
               It
               is
               good
               and
               profitable
            
             (
             as
             the
             Council
             of
             
               Trent
            
             words
             it
             )
             
               humbly
               to
               invoke
               the
               Saints
               after
               the
               manner
               of
               Supplicants
               ,
               and
               to
               fly
               to
               their
               prayers
               and
               help
               and
               aid
               to
               obtain
               blessings
               of
               God
               by
               his
               Son
               Jesus
               Christ
               our
               Lord
               ,
               who
               is
               our
               onely
            
             (
             not
             Intercessor
             and
             Advocate
             ,
             but
             )
             
               Redeemer
               and
               Saviour
               .
            
          
           
             Now
             how
             they
             prove
             all
             this
             ,
             is
             not
             my
             business
             at
             present
             to
             enquire
             ;
             but
             my
             inquiry
             is
             ,
             whether
             such
             arguments
             as
             these
             be
             sufficient
             to
             oppose
             against
             the
             authority
             of
             an
             express
             Law
             ;
             and
             if
             they
             be
             ,
             truly
             I
             think
             it
             a
             very
             vain
             thing
             ,
             either
             for
             God
             or
             men
             to
             make
             any
             Laws
             .
             For
             ,
          
           
             1.
             
             I
             desire
             to
             know
             ,
             what
             these
             Gentlemen
             would
             
             prove
             by
             such
             kind
             of
             arguments
             as
             these
             .
             Suppose
             we
             should
             grant
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             Saints
             are
             received
             into
             Heaven
             before
             the
             Resurrection
             ,
             and
             are
             actually
             possest
             of
             all
             that
             Glory
             and
             Happiness
             ,
             which
             they
             say
             they
             are
             ▪
             suppose
             we
             should
             grant
             them
             ,
             that
             by
             some
             means
             unknown
             to
             us
             ,
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             are
             acquainted
             with
             all
             that
             we
             do
             and
             suffer
             in
             this
             world
             ,
             hear
             all
             our
             vocal
             or
             mental
             prayers
             ,
             which
             we
             offer
             to
             God
             or
             to
             themselves
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             do
             actually
             pray
             and
             intercede
             for
             us
             ,
             what
             follows
             from
             hence
             ?
             That
             therefore
             we
             may
             pray
             to
             Saints
             ?
             not
             I
             hope
             if
             there
             be
             an
             express
             Law
             against
             it
             ,
             These
             arguments
             at
             most
             can
             onely
             prove
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             thing
             it
             might
             be
             fitting
             and
             reasonable
             to
             pray
             to
             Saints
             if
             God
             thought
             fit
             to
             allow
             it
             ,
             not
             that
             we
             must
             pray
             to
             Saints
             ,
             though
             God
             has
             forbid
             it
             .
             For
             those
             are
             powerful
             reasons
             indeed
             ,
             which
             can
             justifie
             Saint-worship
             against
             the
             express
             Law
             and
             declared
             Will
             of
             God.
             Could
             they
             first
             prove
             one
             of
             these
             three
             things
             :
             Either
             1.
             that
             there
             is
             no
             such
             Law
             against
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             God.
             Or
             2.
             that
             this
             is
             not
             the
             sence
             of
             this
             Law
             ,
             that
             they
             must
             not
             pray
             to
             Saints
             or
             Angels
             ,
             that
             the
             Law
             ,
             which
             forbids
             us
             to
             worship
             any
             Being
             but
             God
             ,
             does
             not
             forbid
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             ▪
             Or
             3.
             that
             though
             there
             was
             such
             a
             Law
             ,
             and
             this
             were
             the
             sence
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             this
             Law
             were
             never
             formally
             repealed
             by
             God
             ,
             yet
             it
             disappears
             of
             it self
             ,
             and
             obliges
             no
             longer
             since
             the
             discovery
             of
             such
             reasons
             as
             these
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             .
             I
             say
             ,
             could
             they
             prove
             any
             thing
             of
             this
             in
             the
             first
             place
             ,
             then
             there
             would
             be
             as
             much
             reason
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             ,
             as
             there
             is
             strength
             and
             validity
             in
             their
             Arguments
             ;
             but
             no
             Reason
             can
             take
             place
             against
             an
             express
             Law
             ,
             till
             it
             be
             as
             expresly
             repealed
             .
             For
             ,
          
           
             2.
             
             If
             an
             express
             Law
             may
             be
             disobeyed
             ,
             as
             often
             as
             men
             fancy
             they
             see
             reason
             to
             do
             ,
             what
             the
             Law
             forbids
             ,
             
             this
             overthrows
             the
             whole
             authority
             of
             making
             Laws
             ,
             and
             makes
             every
             Subject
             a
             Judge
             ,
             whether
             the
             Laws
             of
             a
             Soveraign
             Prince
             shall
             be
             obeyed
             or
             not
             .
             At
             this
             rate
             he
             has
             the
             greatest
             authority
             ,
             who
             has
             the
             best
             reason
             ;
             and
             since
             every
             man
             believes
             his
             own
             reason
             to
             be
             best
             ,
             every
             man
             is
             the
             Soveraign
             Lord
             of
             his
             own
             actions
             .
             It
             is
             to
             be
             presumed
             ,
             that
             no
             Prince
             makes
             a
             Law
             ,
             but
             what
             he
             apprehends
             some
             reason
             for
             ,
             and
             to
             oppose
             any
             mans
             private
             reason
             against
             a
             Law
             ,
             is
             to
             set
             up
             a
             private
             mans
             reason
             against
             the
             publick
             reason
             of
             government
             :
             and
             yet
             it
             is
             much
             worse
             to
             oppose
             our
             reason
             against
             a
             Divine
             Law
             ,
             which
             is
             to
             oppose
             the
             reason
             of
             Creatures
             against
             the
             reason
             of
             God
             ,
             unless
             we
             will
             say
             ,
             that
             God
             makes
             Laws
             without
             reason
             ,
             and
             those
             who
             can
             believe
             that
             ,
             may
             as
             easily
             imagine
             ,
             that
             God
             will
             expect
             ,
             that
             those
             Laws
             which
             he
             makes
             without
             reason
             ,
             should
             be
             obeyed
             without
             reason
             also
             ,
             and
             then
             to
             be
             sure
             all
             their
             reasons
             cannot
             repeal
             a
             Law
             ,
             nor
             justifie
             them
             in
             the
             breach
             of
             it
             .
             It
             becomes
             every
             Creature
             to
             believe
             the
             will
             of
             God
             to
             be
             the
             highest
             reason
             ,
             and
             therefore
             when
             God
             has
             declared
             his
             will
             by
             an
             express
             Law
             ;
             while
             this
             Law
             continues
             in
             force
             ,
             (
             as
             it
             must
             do
             ,
             till
             it
             be
             as
             expresly
             repealed
             )
             it
             is
             an
             impudent
             thing
             to
             urge
             our
             reasons
             against
             the
             obligations
             of
             it
             .
             So
             that
             since
             God
             has
             expresly
             forbid
             us
             to
             worship
             any
             Being
             besides
             himself
             ,
             unless
             we
             can
             prove
             ,
             that
             God
             has
             repealed
             this
             Law
             ,
             it
             will
             never
             justifie
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             though
             we
             could
             by
             the
             plainest
             and
             easiest
             arguments
             prove
             to
             the
             conviction
             of
             all
             Mankind
             ,
             that
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             are
             very
             fit
             objects
             of
             our
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             is
             no
             diminution
             to
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             to
             pay
             some
             degree
             of
             Religious
             worship
             to
             them
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             Especially
             ,
             when
             the
             matter
             of
             the
             Law
             is
             such
             ,
             that
             whatever
             reasons
             may
             be
             pretended
             on
             one
             side
             or
             the
             other
             ,
             it
             must
             still
             be
             acknowledged
             to
             be
             wholly
             at
             
             the
             will
             and
             pleasure
             of
             the
             Law-giver
             ,
             which
             side
             he
             will
             choose
             .
             As
             for
             instance
             ,
             suppose
             there
             were
             no
             natural
             and
             necessary
             reason
             against
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             yet
             there
             is
             no
             natural
             and
             necessary
             reason
             for
             it
             neither
             ,
             and
             therefore
             God
             may
             either
             allow
             or
             forbid
             it
             ,
             as
             he
             himself
             pleases
             ,
             without
             assigning
             any
             reason
             why
             he
             does
             either
             .
             And
             when
             it
             appears
             that
             God
             might
             forbid
             it
             if
             he
             pleases
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             has
             actually
             forbid
             it
             by
             an
             express
             Law
             ,
             it
             is
             time
             to
             leave
             off
             reasoning
             about
             it
             :
             natural
             reason
             can
             give
             us
             no
             assurance
             of
             any
             thing
             ,
             which
             it
             cannot
             prove
             to
             be
             necessary
             ,
             whatever
             in
             the
             nature
             and
             reason
             of
             things
             may
             be
             ,
             or
             may
             not
             be
             ,
             can
             never
             be
             proved
             either
             to
             be
             ,
             or
             not
             to
             be
             ,
             by
             meer
             reason
             ;
             for
             it
             is
             a
             contradiction
             to
             say
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             no
             necessary
             reason
             why
             such
             a
             thing
             should
             be
             ,
             and
             yet
             that
             I
             can
             prove
             by
             reason
             ,
             that
             it
             must
             be
             ,
             which
             supposes
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             a
             necessary
             reason
             ,
             why
             it
             should
             be
             ;
             for
             I
             cannot
             prove
             ,
             that
             it
             must
             be
             ,
             unless
             I
             can
             prove
             ,
             that
             it
             must
             necessarily
             be
             ;
             that
             is
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             a
             necessary
             reason
             ,
             why
             it
             should
             be
             .
          
           
             To
             apply
             this
             then
             to
             our
             present
             Case
             .
             The
             Law
             expresly
             forbids
             us
             to
             worship
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             prays
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             and
             Images
             ,
             which
             is
             an
             essential
             part
             of
             Divine
             Worship
             ;
             and
             without
             ever
             attempting
             to
             prove
             this
             Law
             to
             be
             repealed
             ,
             she
             justifies
             her
             worship
             by
             such
             reasons
             and
             consequences
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             now
             cited
             from
             their
             most
             celebrated
             Doctors
             ,
             and
             some
             of
             which
             are
             the
             principles
             ,
             whereon
             the
             Council
             of
             
               Trent
            
             founds
             their
             praying
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             .
             I
             ask
             then
             ,
             whether
             these
             arguments
             ,
             whereby
             they
             endeavour
             to
             justifie
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             prove
             that
             we
             must
             worship
             them
             ,
             that
             such
             worship
             is
             their
             natural
             right
             ,
             and
             our
             duty
             .
             No
             ,
             this
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             will
             not
             own
             ;
             the
             most
             the
             Council
             of
             
               Trent
            
             says
             ,
             is
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             
               bonum
               &
               utile
               ,
            
             good
             
             and
             profitable
             to
             do
             it
             ;
             but
             ,
             say
             I
             ,
             if
             they
             do
             not
             prove
             it
             to
             be
             necessary
             ,
             they
             prove
             nothing
             ;
             for
             if
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             have
             not
             a
             natural
             right
             to
             our
             worship
             ,
             though
             we
             should
             suppose
             them
             to
             be
             very
             fit
             objects
             of
             some
             degrees
             of
             worship
             ,
             yet
             it
             is
             at
             Gods
             choice
             ,
             whether
             he
             will
             allow
             it
             or
             not
             ,
             and
             they
             can
             challenge
             no
             worship
             ,
             and
             we
             must
             give
             none
             ,
             if
             God
             forbids
             it
             ;
             and
             therefore
             since
             God
             has
             forbid
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             Being
             ,
             but
             himself
             (
             and
             therefore
             of
             the
             most
             excellent
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             )
             by
             an
             express
             Law
             ;
             and
             it
             no-where
             appears
             ,
             where
             or
             when
             ,
             or
             in
             what
             manner
             this
             Law
             was
             repealed
             ,
             a
             hundred
             such
             arguments
             as
             these
             cannot
             prove
             it
             lawful
             to
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             against
             an
             express
             Law
             not
             to
             do
             it
             .
             Though
             we
             should
             grant
             that
             God
             ,
             if
             he
             pleased
             ,
             might
             allow
             us
             to
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             as
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             does
             ,
             without
             any
             deminution
             of
             his
             own
             Glory
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             most
             that
             all
             their
             arguments
             can
             pretend
             to
             prove
             ,
             yet
             it
             does
             not
             hence
             follow
             ,
             that
             we
             may
             worship
             them
             ,
             when
             God
             by
             an
             express
             Law
             has
             declared
             ,
             that
             he
             will
             not
             allow
             it
             .
             No
             arguments
             nor
             consequences
             can
             prove
             ,
             that
             God
             allows
             us
             to
             do
             that
             ,
             which
             by
             an
             express
             Law
             he
             has
             forbid
             us
             to
             do
             .
             No
             reason
             can
             prove
             that
             to
             be
             Gods
             will
             ,
             which
             he
             has
             publickly
             declared
             in
             his
             Law
             to
             be
             against
             his
             will.
             
          
           
             4.
             
             That
             no
             reason
             or
             arguments
             can
             absolve
             us
             from
             our
             obedience
             to
             an
             express
             Law
             ,
             till
             it
             be
             as
             expresly
             repealed
             ,
             appears
             from
             this
             ,
             that
             our
             obligation
             to
             obedience
             does
             not
             depend
             meerly
             upon
             the
             reason
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             but
             upon
             the
             authority
             of
             the
             Law-giver
             ,
             and
             therefore
             though
             the
             reason
             of
             the
             Law
             should
             cease
             ,
             yet
             while
             it
             is
             inforced
             by
             the
             same
             authority
             ,
             it
             obliges
             still
             .
             Thus
             I
             am
             sure
             ,
             it
             is
             in
             humane
             Laws
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             very
             fitting
             it
             should
             be
             so
             ;
             meer
             reason
             cannot
             make
             a
             Law
             ,
             for
             then
             every
             thing
             which
             is
             reasonable
             ,
             would
             be
             a
             necessary
             
             duty
             ;
             that
             which
             is
             reasonable
             may
             be
             fit
             matter
             for
             a
             Law
             ,
             but
             it
             is
             the
             authority
             of
             the
             Law-giver
             which
             makes
             the
             Law
             ,
             and
             the
             same
             authority
             which
             at
             first
             made
             it
             a
             Law
             ,
             continues
             it
             to
             be
             a
             Law
             while
             the
             authority
             lasts
             ,
             though
             the
             particular
             reason
             for
             which
             it
             was
             enacted
             into
             a
             Law
             ,
             may
             cease
             .
          
           
             So
             that
             though
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             could
             prove
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             no
             reason
             now
             against
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             that
             all
             those
             reasons
             for
             which
             God
             forbad
             the
             Jews
             to
             worship
             any
             one
             but
             himself
             ,
             were
             now
             ceased
             ;
             yet
             till
             the
             Law
             be
             repealed
             too
             ,
             it
             is
             utterly
             unlawful
             to
             worship
             any
             Being
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             and
             yet
             this
             is
             the
             most
             that
             all
             their
             reasonings
             come
             to
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             not
             the
             same
             reason
             for
             this
             Law
             under
             the
             State
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             under
             the
             Jewish
             Oeconomy
             .
          
           
             They
             suppose
             ,
             that
             God
             forbad
             the
             Jews
             to
             worship
             any
             one
             but
             himself
             ,
             because
             they
             were
             in
             great
             danger
             of
             falling
             into
             Pagan
             Idolatries
             ,
             and
             worshipping
             the
             Gods
             of
             the
             
               Aegyptians
               ,
            
             and
             other
             Neighbour-Nations
             ,
             and
             that
             this
             was
             the
             case
             also
             of
             the
             Christian
             Church
             at
             the
             first
             planting
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ;
             but
             now
             there
             is
             no
             danger
             of
             worshipping
             false
             Gods
             ,
             we
             may
             very
             securely
             worship
             the
             Friends
             and
             Favourites
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             They
             suppose
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             ancient
             Patriarchs
             who
             lived
             before
             the
             Resurrection
             of
             Christ
             ,
             were
             not
             received
             into
             Heaven
             ,
             and
             therefore
             not
             being
             in
             a
             state
             of
             Bliss
             and
             Glory
             themselves
             ,
             were
             not
             yet
             capable
             of
             Divine
             Honours
             ,
             could
             neither
             know
             our
             Prayers
             ,
             nor
             intercede
             for
             us
             .
             But
             now
             at
             last
             some
             eminent
             Saints
             and
             Martyrs
             ascend
             directly
             into
             Heaven
             ,
             and
             are
             the
             
               beati
               ,
            
             advanced
             to
             such
             a
             state
             of
             Happiness
             and
             Glory
             ,
             that
             they
             are
             fit
             objects
             of
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             and
             are
             so
             powerful
             in
             the
             Court
             of
             Heaven
             ,
             that
             God
             denies
             them
             nothing
             which
             they
             ask
             ;
             and
             so
             tender
             and
             compassionate
             
             to
             us
             ,
             that
             they
             readily
             undertake
             our
             Cause
             ,
             and
             intercede
             for
             us
             ,
             and
             therefore
             it
             is
             very
             good
             and
             profitable
             now
             to
             invoke
             their
             aid
             and
             assistance
             by
             solemn
             and
             devout
             Prayers
             .
          
           
             Now
             though
             the
             learnedst
             men
             among
             them
             are
             put
             to
             miserable
             shifts
             to
             prove
             the
             least
             part
             of
             all
             this
             ,
             yet
             let
             us
             for
             argument-sake
             ,
             suppose
             all
             this
             to
             be
             true
             ,
             that
             things
             are
             mightily
             changed
             since
             the
             making
             of
             this
             Law
             ,
             and
             that
             there
             is
             not
             the
             same
             reason
             now
             to
             confine
             all
             Religious
             Worship
             to
             God
             alone
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             in
             the
             time
             of
             
               Moses
               ,
            
             what
             follows
             from
             hence
             ,
             that
             therefore
             we
             may
             now
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             notwithstanding
             this
             Law
             which
             forbids
             it
             ?
             by
             no
             means
             ,
             unless
             they
             can
             prove
             that
             the
             Law
             is
             repealed
             too
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             reason
             ceased
             :
             Here
             is
             the
             authority
             of
             the
             Law-giver
             still
             ,
             though
             we
             should
             suppose
             ,
             that
             we
             had
             lost
             the
             reason
             of
             the
             Law
             ;
             till
             the
             Law
             is
             as
             expresly
             repealed
             as
             it
             was
             given
             ,
             it
             is
             Gods
             Will
             still
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             reason
             enough
             to
             bind
             the
             Law
             upon
             us
             ,
             though
             other
             reasons
             fail
             .
             The
             reason
             (
             if
             we
             speak
             of
             such
             reasons
             as
             these
             ,
             which
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             assigns
             ,
             for
             it
             is
             a
             different
             case
             ,
             if
             we
             speak
             of
             eternal
             and
             necessary
             reason
             ,
             which
             is
             nothing
             else
             but
             the
             eternal
             &
             immutable
             nature
             and
             will
             of
             God
             ,
             which
             is
             an
             eternal
             Law
             )
             did
             not
             make
             the
             Law
             ,
             and
             the
             change
             of
             the
             reason
             cannot
             repeal
             it
             .
             And
             since
             we
             see
             ,
             that
             God
             has
             not
             repealed
             this
             Law
             ,
             we
             rather
             ought
             to
             conclude
             ,
             that
             we
             are
             mistaken
             in
             the
             reasons
             ,
             for
             which
             God
             made
             this
             Law
             ,
             or
             that
             there
             are
             other
             reasons
             ,
             which
             we
             know
             not
             of
             ,
             for
             which
             he
             continues
             it
             :
             we
             may
             indeed
             reasonably
             suppose
             ,
             that
             God
             will
             repeal
             a
             Law
             ,
             when
             the
             reason
             ,
             for
             which
             it
             was
             given
             ,
             ceases
             ,
             though
             earthly
             Princes
             may
             not
             always
             do
             so
             ;
             but
             still
             the
             Law
             binds
             till
             it
             be
             repealed
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             more
             reasonable
             to
             conclude
             ,
             that
             the
             reason
             of
             the
             Law
             continues
             ,
             while
             we
             see
             God
             does
             not
             repeal
             it
             ,
             
             than
             first
             to
             perswade
             our selves
             ,
             that
             the
             reason
             of
             the
             Law
             is
             changed
             ,
             and
             thence
             infer
             the
             repeal
             and
             abrogation
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             when
             we
             see
             no
             such
             thing
             done
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             That
             these
             arguments
             which
             the
             Roman
             Doctors
             urge
             ,
             to
             justifie
             their
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             are
             of
             no
             force
             to
             repeal
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             appears
             from
             this
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             no
             force
             in
             them
             to
             prevent
             the
             making
             of
             this
             Law
             ,
             and
             therefore
             much
             less
             can
             they
             repeal
             it
             now
             it
             is
             made
             :
             The
             reasons
             which
             they
             use
             ,
             had
             the
             same
             force
             then
             ,
             which
             they
             have
             now
             ,
             and
             if
             notwithstanding
             all
             these
             reasons
             ,
             God
             thought
             fit
             to
             forbid
             the
             worship
             of
             all
             Created
             Beings
             ,
             it
             is
             ridiculous
             to
             imagine
             ,
             that
             these
             reasons
             should
             supersede
             the
             obligation
             of
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             is
             made
             in
             contradiction
             to
             all
             such
             reasonings
             :
             as
             to
             shew
             this
             brie●ly
             .
          
           
             They
             prove
             ,
             that
             we
             may
             pray
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             to
             pray
             for
             us
             ,
             because
             we
             may
             desire
             good
             men
             on
             earth
             to
             pray
             for
             us
             .
             Now
             suppose
             we
             could
             not
             assign
             the
             difference
             between
             praying
             to
             Saints
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             and
             desiring
             the
             prayers
             of
             Saints
             on
             earth
             ,
             yet
             I
             would
             desire
             to
             know
             ,
             whether
             good
             men
             did
             not
             pray
             for
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             desire
             each
             others
             prayers
             ,
             before
             and
             after
             God
             gave
             this
             Law
             on
             Mount
             
               Sinai
               ,
            
             which
             forbids
             the
             Religious
             worship
             and
             invocation
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             but
             himself
             :
             if
             good
             men
             did
             in
             all
             ages
             pray
             for
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             desire
             one
             anothers
             prayers
             ,
             and
             God
             allowed
             and
             approved
             of
             this
             ,
             then
             it
             seems
             God
             did
             not
             think
             this
             a
             good
             reason
             for
             praying
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             because
             good
             men
             might
             beg
             each
             others
             prayers
             on
             earth
             ,
             for
             if
             he
             had
             ,
             he
             would
             not
             have
             made
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             forbids
             such
             a
             Religious
             Invocation
             of
             any
             Creature
             .
             And
             if
             notwithstanding
             this
             reason
             ,
             which
             had
             as
             much
             force
             then
             ,
             as
             it
             has
             now
             ,
             God
             made
             and
             promulged
             this
             Law
             ,
             this
             reason
             can
             never
             repeal
             it
             ,
             nor
             dissolve
             the
             obligation
             of
             it
             .
          
           
           
             Thus
             if
             the
             Saints
             &
             Angels
             being
             in
             Heaven
             be
             a
             good
             reason
             why
             they
             should
             be
             worshipped
             ,
             this
             was
             as
             good
             a
             reason
             at
             the
             giving
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             as
             it
             is
             now
             ;
             for
             thô
             we
             should
             suppose
             with
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             that
             Saints
             departed
             were
             not
             in
             Heaven
             then
             ,
             yet
             certainly
             the
             Angels
             were
             ,
             and
             if
             their
             being
             in
             Heaven
             made
             them
             fit
             objects
             of
             our
             worship
             ,
             why
             did
             God
             so
             expresly
             forbid
             it
             ;
             and
             if
             he
             forbad
             it
             then
             ,
             when
             there
             was
             as
             much
             reason
             to
             allow
             the
             worship
             of
             those
             heavenly
             Inhabitants
             ,
             as
             there
             is
             now
             ,
             this
             argument
             cannot
             prove
             ,
             but
             that
             God
             forbids
             it
             still
             .
          
           
             The
             same
             may
             be
             said
             of
             the
             Intercession
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             .
             The
             Papists
             suppose
             ,
             that
             the
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             pray
             and
             intercede
             for
             us
             in
             Heaven
             ,
             and
             obtain
             for
             ,
             and
             convey
             many
             blessings
             to
             us
             ,
             and
             therefore
             it
             is
             good
             and
             profitable
             to
             pray
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             flie
             to
             their
             patronage
             ;
             now
             though
             indeed
             they
             date
             the
             Intercession
             of
             Saints
             ,
             (
             as
             they
             do
             their
             admission
             into
             heaven
             )
             from
             the
             Resurrection
             of
             our
             Saviour
             ,
             yet
             there
             is
             as
             much
             evidence
             for
             the
             aids
             and
             intercessions
             of
             Angels
             before
             and
             under
             the
             Law
             ,
             as
             there
             is
             now
             ;
             nay
             ,
             I
             think
             somewhat
             more
             ;
             for
             the
             government
             of
             the
             world
             was
             much
             more
             under
             the
             administration
             of
             Angels
             ,
             in
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             then
             it
             is
             now
             ;
             and
             yet
             notwithstanding
             this
             ,
             God
             did
             by
             an
             express
             Law
             forbid
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             Being
             but
             himself
             ,
             and
             therefore
             of
             these
             Angelical
             powers
             ,
             who
             are
             somewhat
             superiour
             to
             Saints
             in
             Heaven
             ;
             and
             if
             this
             were
             no
             good
             reason
             against
             making
             this
             Law
             ,
             it
             can
             be
             no
             good
             reason
             to
             prove
             the
             abrogation
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             The
             next
             way
             they
             take
             to
             evade
             the
             obligation
             of
             this
             Law
             of
             worshipping
             God
             only
             ,
             is
             by
             distinctions
             .
             As
             to
             name
             the
             chief
             of
             them
             .
          
           
             They
             tell
             us
             ,
             that
             this
             Law
             is
             only
             opposed
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             false
             Gods
             ,
             such
             Gods
             as
             the
             Heathens
             worshipped
             ,
             
             not
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             who
             are
             the
             Friends
             and
             Favourites
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             And
             then
             they
             distinguish
             about
             the
             nature
             of
             worship
             ;
             they
             confess
             there
             is
             a
             worship
             which
             is
             peculiar
             to
             God
             ,
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             worship
             ,
             which
             is
             peculiar
             to
             the
             Supreme
             Being
             ,
             and
             this
             ,
             for
             what
             reason
             I
             know
             not
             ,
             they
             call
             
               Latria
               ;
            
             but
             then
             there
             is
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             worship
             ,
             which
             they
             call
             
               Dulia
               ,
            
             which
             may
             be
             given
             to
             excellent
             Creatures
             ,
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             who
             reign
             with
             Christ
             in
             Heaven
             .
          
           
             They
             farther
             distinguish
             between
             absolute
             and
             relative
             worship
             .
             Absolute
             worship
             is
             ,
             when
             we
             worship
             a
             Being
             for
             its
             self
             ,
             and
             thus
             God
             onely
             is
             to
             be
             worshipped
             ;
             but
             relative
             worship
             is
             ,
             when
             we
             worship
             one
             Being
             out
             of
             respect
             to
             another
             ,
             and
             thus
             we
             may
             worship
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             upon
             account
             of
             their
             relation
             to
             God.
             
          
           
             Now
             I
             shall
             have
             occasion
             to
             examine
             these
             distinctions
             more
             particularly
             hereafter
             ,
             my
             business
             at
             present
             is
             to
             examine
             ,
             how
             far
             these
             distinctions
             can
             justifie
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             against
             an
             express
             Law
             ,
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             God
             only
             .
             And
             I
             have
             three
             things
             to
             say
             on
             this
             argument
             .
             1.
             
             That
             the
             letter
             of
             the
             Law
             will
             admit
             of
             no
             such
             distinctions
             as
             these
             .
             2.
             
             That
             the
             Scripture
             no
             where
             allows
             of
             any
             such
             distinctions
             ,
             And
             3.
             
             That
             no
             distinctions
             can
             justifie
             our
             acting
             against
             the
             letter
             of
             a
             Law
             ,
             which
             have
             not
             the
             same
             authority
             which
             the
             Law
             has
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             
               The
               letter
               of
               the
               Law
               will
               admit
               of
               no
               such
               distinctious
               as
               these
               .
               The
               Law
               is
               ,
            
             
             Thou
             shalt
             have
             none
             other
             Gods
             before
             me
             .
             
               The
               explication
               of
               this
               Law
               is
               ,
            
             Thou
             shalt
             fear
             the
             Lord
             thy
             God
             ,
             
             him
             shalt
             thou
             serve
             ,
             and
             to
             him
             shalt
             thou
             cleave
             and
             swear
             by
             his
             name
             .
             
               Or
               as
               our
               Saviour
               expounds
               it
               ,
            
             
             Thou
             shalt
             worship
             the
             Lord
             thy
             God
             ,
             and
             him
             only
             shalt
             thou
             serve
             .
          
           
             Now
             these
             words
             do
             plainly
             exclude
             the
             worship
             of
             
             all
             other
             Beings
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             :
             They
             exclude
             indeed
             the
             worship
             of
             all
             the
             Heathen
             Gods
             ,
             which
             were
             at
             that
             time
             worshipped
             in
             the
             world
             ,
             but
             they
             are
             not
             confined
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Heathen
             Gods
             ,
             nor
             meerly
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             those
             Gods
             who
             were
             at
             that
             time
             worshipt
             ,
             but
             should
             any
             new
             Gods
             start
             up
             in
             after
             Ages
             ,
             whether
             among
             Jews
             or
             Christians
             ,
             the
             words
             extend
             to
             all
             that
             are
             ,
             and
             all
             that
             ever
             shall
             be
             worshipped
             .
             
               Thou
               shalt
               have
               none
               other
               Gods
               before
               Me
               ,
            
             Signifies
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             worship
             no
             other
             Being
             but
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             for
             
               to
               have
               a
               God
               ,
            
             is
             to
             give
             religious
             worship
             to
             some
             Being
             ;
             as
             appears
             from
             that
             exposition
             ,
             which
             both
             
               Moses
            
             and
             our
             Saviour
             Christ
             gives
             of
             it
             .
             
               Thou
               shalt
               worship
               the
               Lord
               thy
               God
               ,
               and
               him
               onely
               shalt
               thou
               serve
               .
            
             For
             it
             is
             impossible
             to
             have
             any
             God
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             in
             any
             other
             sense
             than
             as
             we
             worship
             some
             other
             Being
             ,
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             with
             Divine
             honours
             ;
             and
             whatever
             Being
             we
             so
             worship
             ,
             become
             our
             God
             ,
             and
             therefore
             this
             Law
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             Being
             ,
             which
             is
             not
             God
             ,
             be
             it
             Saint
             or
             Angel
             ,
             or
             the
             Virgin
             
               Mary
               ;
            
             how
             excellent
             and
             perfect
             Creatures
             soever
             they
             be
             ,
             they
             are
             not
             our
             God
             ,
             and
             therefore
             must
             not
             be
             worshipped
             .
             If
             we
             must
             worship
             and
             serve
             God
             
               onely
               ,
            
             as
             our
             Saviour
             expresly
             tells
             us
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             worship
             no
             Creature
             whatever
             it
             be
             ,
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             is
             as
             expresly
             forbid
             by
             this
             Law
             ,
             as
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Heathen
             Gods
             ,
             for
             that
             Law
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             God
             
               onely
               ,
            
             excludes
             the
             worship
             of
             all
             Creatures
             ,
             whatever
             they
             be
             .
          
           
             But
             may
             not
             the
             meaning
             of
             this
             Law
             be
             onely
             this
             :
             That
             we
             must
             not
             give
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             worship
             to
             any
             other
             Being
             ,
             but
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             but
             we
             may
             give
             an
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             worship
             to
             some
             excellent
             Spirits
             ,
             who
             under
             God
             have
             the
             care
             of
             us
             .
             And
             
             is
             not
             this
             plainly
             signified
             in
             the
             very
             letter
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             when
             it
             says
             ,
             
               Thou
               shalt
               have
               none
               other
               Gods
               before
               me
               .
            
             For
             no
             other
             worship
             makes
             any
             Being
             a
             God
             ,
             but
             that
             which
             is
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             ,
             peculiar
             and
             appropriate
             to
             the
             One
             Supreme
             God
             ;
             and
             therefore
             not
             to
             have
             any
             other
             Being
             for
             our
             God
             ,
             is
             not
             to
             give
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             worship
             to
             it
             .
             Now
             what
             that
             worship
             is
             ,
             which
             is
             peculiar
             and
             appropriate
             to
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             I
             shall
             discourse
             particularly
             in
             the
             second
             part
             ;
             our
             present
             inquiry
             is
             ,
             whether
             this
             Law
             makes
             any
             such
             distinction
             .
             The
             Laws
             says
             ,
             
               Thou
               shalt
               worship
               the
               Lord
               thy
               God
               ,
               and
               him
               onely
               shalt
               thou
               serve
               :
            
             Here
             is
             no
             distinction
             between
             Supreme
             and
             Subordinate
             worship
             ;
             whatever
             is
             an
             Act
             of
             worship
             must
             be
             given
             to
             God
             onely
             .
             But
             the
             Law
             says
             ,
             
               Thou
               shalt
               have
               no
               other
               gods
               before
               me
               ,
            
             and
             therefore
             it
             must
             signifie
             Supreme
             &
             Soveraign
             worship
             ,
             for
             no
             other
             degree
             of
             worship
             makes
             a
             God.
             Did
             the
             Heathens
             then
             worship
             no
             inferior
             gods
             ?
             did
             those
             who
             worship
             ped
             so
             many
             several
             Gods
             ,
             look
             upon
             them
             all
             as
             supreme
             and
             absolute
             ?
             or
             were
             they
             so
             senseless
             as
             to
             give
             supreme
             and
             soveraign
             worship
             to
             inferior
             Deities
             ?
             or
             does
             not
             this
             Law
             forbid
             the
             worship
             of
             those
             Gods
             ,
             whom
             the
             Heathens
             worshipped
             as
             inferior
             Daemons
             ,
             but
             onely
             the
             worship
             of
             those
             Gods
             ,
             whom
             they
             accounted
             supreme
             and
             soveraign
             ?
             If
             this
             Law
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             all
             Heathen
             Gods
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             certain
             ,
             that
             they
             worshipped
             a
             great
             many
             Gods
             ,
             whom
             they
             did
             not
             account
             supreme
             ,
             then
             there
             can
             be
             no
             place
             for
             this
             distinction
             here
             ,
             for
             such
             an
             inferiour
             worship
             as
             makes
             an
             inferiour
             God
             ,
             is
             as
             well
             forbid
             ,
             as
             Supreme
             and
             Soveraign
             worship
             .
          
           
             The
             Law
             says
             ,
             
               Thou
               shalt
               have
               none
               other
               Gods
               before
               me
               :
            
             or
             besides
             me
             ;
             which
             as
             I
             observed
             before
             ,
             does
             not
             exclude
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             but
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             together
             with
             
             him
             .
             The
             meaning
             is
             not
             ,
             Thou
             shalt
             not
             renounce
             my
             worship
             ,
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Gods
             ,
             but
             thou
             shalt
             worship
             me
             ,
             and
             no
             other
             God
             besides
             me
             :
             now
             I
             would
             onely
             ask
             this
             question
             ,
             Whether
             a
             Jew
             who
             worshipped
             the
             God
             of
             
               Israel
               ,
            
             who
             declared
             himself
             to
             be
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             could
             give
             Supreme
             worship
             to
             any
             other
             God
             ?
             This
             is
             contrary
             to
             the
             sense
             of
             all
             mankind
             ,
             to
             worship
             him
             as
             supreme
             ,
             whom
             they
             do
             not
             believe
             to
             be
             supreme
             .
             And
             therefore
             when
             God
             forbad
             them
             to
             joyn
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Gods
             with
             the
             worship
             of
             himself
             ,
             he
             must
             forbid
             all
             kinds
             and
             degrees
             of
             worship
             ,
             even
             the
             most
             inferiour
             worship
             ,
             which
             the
             Heathens
             paid
             to
             their
             inferiour
             Deities
             .
          
           
             If
             you
             say
             ,
             that
             God
             did
             indeed
             forbid
             all
             kinds
             and
             degrees
             of
             worship
             to
             be
             paid
             to
             the
             Heathen
             Gods
             ,
             which
             were
             impure
             and
             wicked
             Spirits
             ,
             but
             still
             it
             is
             lawful
             to
             pay
             an
             inferiour
             worship
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             who
             are
             the
             friends
             of
             God.
             I
             answer
             ,
             the
             law
             makes
             no
             distinction
             between
             the
             worship
             of
             good
             and
             bad
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             therefore
             as
             far
             as
             this
             Law
             is
             concerned
             ,
             we
             must
             either
             deny
             this
             inferiour
             worship
             to
             all
             ,
             or
             grant
             it
             to
             all
             .
             If
             this
             Law
             does
             not
             forbid
             giving
             inferiour
             degrees
             of
             worship
             to
             other
             Beings
             ,
             then
             it
             does
             not
             forbid
             the
             inferiour
             worship
             of
             Heathen
             Gods
             ;
             that
             may
             be
             faulty
             upon
             other
             accounts
             ,
             but
             is
             no
             breach
             of
             this
             Law
             ,
             and
             then
             the
             Heathens
             were
             not
             guilty
             of
             Idolatry
             in
             worshipping
             their
             inferiour
             Daemons
             with
             an
             inferiour
             worship
             .
             If
             this
             Law
             does
             forbid
             even
             this
             inferiour
             degree
             of
             worship
             ,
             then
             it
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             good
             Spirits
             too
             ,
             though
             with
             an
             inferiour
             worship
             ,
             which
             transforms
             true
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             into
             false
             and
             fictitious
             Deities
             .
          
           
             But
             I
             have
             another
             argument
             to
             prove
             ,
             that
             this
             Law
             can
             have
             no
             respect
             to
             the
             different
             degrees
             of
             
             worship
             .
             The
             
               Roman
            
             Doctors
             themselves
             grant
             ,
             that
             the
             difference
             between
             supreme
             and
             subordinate
             or
             inferiour
             worship
             ,
             does
             not
             consist
             in
             the
             outward
             Act
             ,
             that
             all
             or
             most
             of
             the
             external
             Acts
             of
             worship
             may
             belong
             to
             both
             kinds
             ,
             they
             except
             indeed
             Sacrifice
             ,
             but
             contrary
             to
             the
             sense
             of
             all
             men
             ;
             for
             the
             Heathens
             offered
             Sacrifice
             to
             their
             inferiour
             Deities
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             to
             the
             supreme
             ;
             and
             there
             is
             no
             imaginable
             reason
             to
             be
             assigned
             ,
             why
             Sacrifice
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             Prayer
             ,
             may
             not
             be
             an
             act
             of
             inferiour
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             of
             supreme
             worship
             .
             The
             difference
             then
             between
             supreme
             and
             inferiour
             worship
             ,
             is
             onely
             in
             the
             intention
             and
             devotion
             of
             the
             worshippers
             ,
             and
             no
             man
             can
             by
             the
             external
             act
             know
             whether
             this
             be
             supreme
             or
             inferiour
             worship
             .
             Now
             from
             hence
             I
             thus
             argue
             :
             if
             the
             worship
             forbidden
             by
             this
             Law
             be
             such
             ,
             as
             can
             be
             known
             by
             the
             external
             act
             ,
             then
             this
             Law
             can
             have
             no
             regard
             to
             the
             degrees
             of
             worship
             ,
             for
             the
             degrees
             of
             worship
             are
             not
             in
             the
             external
             acts
             ,
             but
             in
             the
             mind
             of
             the
             worshipper
             ,
             which
             cannot
             be
             known
             by
             external
             acts
             .
             Now
             that
             the
             Law
             did
             forbid
             the
             external
             acts
             of
             worship
             ,
             without
             any
             regard
             to
             the
             intention
             of
             the
             worshipper
             ,
             appears
             in
             this
             ,
             that
             this
             Idolatrous
             worship
             was
             to
             be
             punished
             with
             death
             ,
             
             and
             therefore
             it
             must
             be
             such
             external
             Idolatry
             as
             falls
             under
             the
             cognizance
             of
             humane
             Judicatures
             .
             Had
             there
             been
             any
             regard
             to
             the
             degrees
             of
             worship
             ,
             no
             man
             could
             have
             been
             convicted
             of
             Idolatry
             by
             the
             external
             act
             ,
             and
             could
             not
             have
             been
             liable
             to
             punishment
             ,
             unless
             he
             had
             confessed
             his
             intention
             of
             giving
             supreme
             worship
             to
             a
             false
             God
             ,
             and
             so
             this
             Law
             of
             putting
             such
             Idolaters
             to
             death
             had
             signified
             nothing
             ,
             because
             it
             had
             been
             impossible
             for
             them
             to
             convict
             any
             man
             of
             Idolatry
             ,
             but
             by
             his
             own
             confession
             ;
             but
             when
             the
             external
             act
             which
             is
             visible
             to
             all
             men
             ,
             is
             sufficient
             to
             convict
             any
             man
             of
             Idolatry
             ,
             it
             is
             next
             to
             a
             demonstration
             ,
             that
             the
             Law
             
             had
             no
             respect
             to
             the
             degrees
             ,
             but
             to
             the
             acts
             of
             worship
             .
          
           
             And
             that
             our
             Saviour
             in
             that
             Law
             ,
             thou
             shalt
             worship
             the
             Lord
             thy
             God
             ,
             and
             him
             onely
             shalt
             thou
             serve
             ,
             had
             no
             regard
             to
             the
             different
             degrees
             of
             worship
             ,
             I
             have
             already
             proved
             at
             large
             ,
             for
             allowing
             that
             distinction
             ,
             he
             had
             not
             given
             a
             good
             answer
             to
             the
             Devils
             temptation
             .
          
           
             Thus
             as
             for
             their
             distinction
             between
             absolute
             and
             relative
             worship
             ,
             that
             though
             we
             must
             not
             worship
             any
             Creature
             ,
             the
             most
             excellent
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             for
             themselves
             ,
             yet
             we
             may
             worship
             them
             upon
             account
             of
             that
             relation
             they
             have
             to
             God
             ;
             that
             is
             ,
             we
             may
             worship
             them
             for
             Gods
             sake
             ,
             though
             not
             for
             their
             own
             ;
             I
             find
             no
             intimation
             of
             any
             such
             distinction
             in
             the
             Law.
             We
             are
             there
             commanded
             to
             have
             no
             other
             Gods
             ,
             to
             worship
             God
             and
             him
             onely
             ,
             which
             excludes
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             from
             being
             the
             object
             of
             our
             worship
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             Devils
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             But
             possibly
             it
             may
             be
             said
             ,
             that
             though
             the
             Law
             takes
             no
             notice
             of
             such
             distinctions
             ,
             yet
             the
             Scripture
             in
             the
             explication
             of
             this
             Law
             may
             make
             allowances
             for
             it
             .
             Now
             in
             answer
             to
             this
             ,
             I
             onely
             desire
             to
             know
             ,
             where
             the
             Scripture
             has
             made
             any
             such
             distinction
             between
             worshipping
             good
             and
             evil
             Spirits
             ,
             the
             enemies
             and
             Rivals
             ,
             or
             the
             Friends
             of
             God
             ,
             between
             supreme
             and
             subordinate
             ,
             absolute
             or
             relative
             worship
             ;
             I
             can
             find
             no
             such
             distinctions
             in
             Scripture
             ,
             &
             I
             have
             a
             material
             reason
             to
             believe
             no
             such
             can
             be
             found
             ,
             
               viz.
            
             because
             there
             was
             no
             occasion
             for
             them
             .
             The
             Scripture
             no-where
             allows
             us
             to
             give
             any
             kind
             of
             worship
             to
             any
             Creature
             ,
             and
             therefore
             there
             was
             no
             need
             to
             distinguish
             between
             the
             kinds
             and
             degrees
             of
             worship
             .
          
           
             The
             most
             material
             thing
             that
             can
             be
             said
             in
             this
             cause
             is
             this
             :
             that
             when
             the
             Scripture
             mentions
             this
             Law
             of
             
             worshipping
             One
             God
             ,
             it
             opposes
             it
             to
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             false
             Gods
             of
             the
             Heathens
             ;
             
             from
             whence
             some
             may
             conclude
             ,
             that
             God
             forbade
             the
             worship
             only
             of
             these
             false
             Gods.
             But
             we
             must
             consider
             ,
             that
             the
             Law
             is
             conceived
             in
             such
             general
             terms
             ,
             as
             to
             exclude
             the
             worship
             of
             all
             Beings
             besides
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ;
             but
             it
             could
             not
             be
             thought
             ,
             that
             God
             should
             at
             that
             time
             immediately
             apply
             this
             Law
             against
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Beings
             ,
             but
             those
             which
             were
             at
             that
             time
             worshipped
             in
             the
             world
             .
             If
             God
             gives
             a
             Law
             ,
             which
             forbids
             the
             worship
             of
             all
             Beings
             besides
             himself
             ;
             and
             particularly
             applies
             this
             Law
             to
             prohibite
             the
             worship
             of
             all
             those
             Gods
             which
             were
             then
             worshipped
             in
             the
             world
             ,
             will
             any
             one
             in
             their
             wits
             hence
             conclude
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             folly
             and
             superstition
             of
             men
             should
             set
             up
             a
             new
             race
             and
             generation
             of
             Gods
             in
             after
             ages
             ,
             that
             the
             worship
             of
             these
             new
             Gods
             is
             not
             as
             well
             forbidden
             by
             this
             general
             Law
             ,
             as
             the
             worship
             of
             those
             gods
             which
             were
             worshipt
             at
             that
             time
             when
             this
             Law
             was
             given
             ?
             if
             this
             were
             true
             ,
             possibly
             Pagan
             
               Rome
            
             it self
             was
             not
             guilty
             of
             Idolatry
             ;
             for
             most
             ,
             if
             not
             all
             of
             their
             Gods
             might
             be
             of
             a
             later
             date
             than
             the
             giving
             the
             Law.
             
          
           
             3.
             
             Now
             since
             no
             such
             distinctions
             as
             these
             appear
             in
             Scripture
             ,
             it
             is
             impossible
             they
             should
             justifie
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             which
             is
             so
             expresly
             forbidden
             by
             the
             Law
             ,
             if
             we
             will
             acknowledge
             them
             to
             be
             distinct
             Beings
             from
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ;
             for
             if
             they
             are
             not
             the
             Supreme
             God
             ,
             we
             must
             not
             worship
             them
             ,
             for
             we
             must
             worship
             none
             but
             God.
             No
             distinctions
             can
             justifie
             us
             in
             this
             case
             ,
             but
             such
             as
             God
             himself
             makes
             ;
             for
             otherwise
             it
             were
             easie
             to
             distinguish
             away
             any
             Law
             of
             God.
             Humane
             Laws
             will
             admit
             of
             no
             distinctions
             ,
             but
             such
             as
             they
             make
             themselves
             ;
             for
             a
             distinction
             does
             either
             confine
             and
             streighten
             ,
             or
             enlarge
             the
             Law
             ,
             and
             he
             who
             has
             power
             to
             distinguish
             upon
             a
             Law
             ,
             has
             so
             far
             power
             to
             make
             it
             .
             If
             the
             Law
             says
             ,
             that
             we
             shall
             worship
             
             no
             other
             Being
             besides
             God
             ,
             and
             we
             have
             power
             ;
             if
             we
             have
             but
             wit
             enough
             ,
             to
             invent
             some
             new
             distinctions
             ,
             between
             the
             worship
             of
             good
             and
             bad
             spirits
             ,
             between
             Supreme
             and
             Subordinate
             ,
             absolute
             and
             relative
             worship
             ,
             this
             makes
             a
             new
             Law
             of
             it
             ;
             for
             it
             is
             one
             thing
             to
             say
             ,
             thou
             shalt
             worship
             God
             only
             ,
             and
             quite
             contrary
             to
             say
             ,
             thou
             shalt
             worship
             God
             only
             and
             good
             Spirits
             ,
             God
             with
             a
             Supreme
             and
             absolute
             ,
             good
             Spirits
             with
             a
             subordinate
             and
             relative
             worship
             .
             This
             I
             think
             is
             sufficient
             to
             shew
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             admit
             of
             no
             distinctions
             upon
             a
             Divine
             Law
             ,
             but
             what
             the
             Scripture
             it self
             owns
             ,
             and
             therefore
             since
             those
             distinctions
             ,
             with
             which
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             justifies
             her
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             are
             no
             where
             to
             be
             found
             in
             Scripture
             ,
             they
             have
             no
             authority
             against
             an
             express
             Law.
             
          
           
             3.
             
             The
             next
             course
             the
             Papists
             take
             to
             justifie
             their
             Creature-worship
             ,
             in
             contradiction
             to
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             expresly
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God
             ,
             is
             an
             appeal
             to
             such
             authorities
             ,
             as
             they
             think
             sufficient
             to
             decide
             this
             matter
             .
          
           
             Now
             I
             shall
             not
             say
             much
             to
             this
             ,
             for
             I
             believe
             all
             Mankind
             will
             acknowledge
             ,
             that
             no
             Authority
             less
             than
             Divine
             ,
             can
             repeal
             a
             Divine
             Law
             ;
             and
             therefore
             unless
             God
             himself
             ,
             or
             such
             persons
             as
             act
             by
             a
             Divine
             Authority
             ,
             have
             repealed
             this
             Law
             ,
             no
             other
             Authority
             can
             do
             it
             .
             That
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             have
             not
             repealed
             this
             Law
             ,
             I
             have
             already
             proved
             ,
             that
             the
             whole
             Church
             in
             after
             Ages
             had
             any
             Authority
             to
             repeal
             this
             Law
             ,
             I
             desire
             them
             to
             prove
             .
          
           
             For
             the
             authority
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             as
             to
             the
             essentials
             of
             Faith
             and
             Worship
             ,
             is
             not
             the
             authority
             of
             Law-givers
             ,
             but
             of
             Witnesses
             .
             The
             Church
             never
             pretended
             in
             former
             Ages
             to
             make
             or
             to
             repeal
             any
             Divine
             Laws
             ,
             but
             to
             declare
             and
             testifie
             what
             the
             belief
             and
             practice
             of
             the
             Primitive
             and
             Apostolick
             Churches
             was
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             unreasonable
             
             to
             think
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             have
             any
             such
             Authority
             ;
             for
             then
             Christ
             and
             his
             Apostles
             preached
             the
             Gospel
             to
             little
             purpose
             ,
             if
             it
             were
             in
             the
             power
             of
             the
             Church
             to
             make
             a
             new
             Gospel
             of
             it
             when
             they
             pleased
             .
          
           
             But
             indeed
             could
             it
             appear
             ,
             that
             the
             Apostles
             did
             teach
             the
             Christians
             of
             that
             Age
             ,
             and
             the
             Church
             in
             those
             Ages
             ,
             which
             immediately
             succeeded
             the
             Apostles
             ,
             did
             practice
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             we
             should
             have
             reason
             to
             suspect
             ,
             that
             we
             ,
             and
             not
             they
             ,
             are
             mistaken
             in
             the
             sense
             of
             that
             Law
             ,
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God.
             
          
           
             But
             then
             none
             can
             be
             admitted
             as
             competent
             witnesses
             of
             this
             matter
             ,
             but
             those
             who
             did
             immediately
             succeed
             the
             Apostles
             ,
             or
             conversed
             with
             Apostolical
             men
             and
             Churches
             .
             And
             thanks
             be
             to
             God
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             appearance
             of
             Creature
             worship
             in
             those
             Ages
             ,
             we
             dare
             appeal
             to
             the
             testimony
             of
             Fathers
             and
             Councils
             for
             above
             three
             hundred
             years
             ;
             and
             those
             who
             come
             after
             ,
             come
             a
             little
             too
             late
             to
             be
             witnesses
             of
             what
             was
             done
             in
             the
             Apostolick
             Churches
             ;
             especially
             ,
             when
             all
             the
             intermediate
             Ages
             knew
             nothing
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             I
             shall
             not
             fill
             up
             this
             discourse
             with
             particular
             Citations
             ,
             which
             learned
             men
             know
             where
             to
             find
             ;
             since
             the
             Roman
             Doctors
             can
             find
             nothing
             in
             the
             Writings
             of
             the
             first
             Fathers
             to
             justifie
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             and
             the
             Protestant
             Writers
             find
             a
             great
             deal
             in
             those
             Ages
             against
             it
             .
          
           
             Indeed
             at
             the
             latter
             end
             of
             the
             fourth
             Century
             ,
             some
             of
             the
             Fathers
             used
             some
             Rhetorical
             Apostrophes
             to
             the
             Saints
             and
             Martyrs
             in
             their
             Orations
             ,
             which
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
            
             interprets
             to
             be
             Prayers
             to
             them
             ;
             
             but
             though
             other
             Learned
             men
             have
             vindicated
             those
             passages
             so
             far
             ,
             as
             to
             shew
             the
             vast
             difference
             between
             them
             ,
             and
             solemn
             and
             formal
             Invocations
             ,
             which
             is
             not
             my
             business
             at
             this
             time
             ,
             yet
             there
             are
             several
             things
             very
             well
             worth
             
             our
             observation
             towards
             the
             true
             stating
             of
             this
             matter
             .
             As
             ,
          
           
             1.
             
             That
             these
             Fathers
             came
             too
             late
             to
             be
             witnesses
             of
             the
             Apostolical
             practise
             ,
             which
             they
             could
             know
             no
             otherwise
             ,
             than
             we
             might
             know
             it
             ,
             if
             there
             had
             been
             any
             such
             thing
             ,
             
               viz.
            
             by
             the
             testimony
             and
             practise
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             from
             the
             Apostles
             till
             that
             time
             :
             This
             was
             no
             where
             pretended
             by
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             Invocation
             of
             Saints
             had
             been
             the
             practise
             of
             the
             Catholick
             Church
             in
             all
             ages
             ,
             and
             they
             could
             have
             no
             proof
             of
             this
             ,
             unless
             they
             had
             better
             Records
             of
             former
             times
             ,
             than
             we
             have
             at
             this
             day
             ,
             and
             such
             as
             contradicted
             all
             the
             Records
             which
             we
             now
             have
             of
             the
             Apostolick
             and
             Primitive
             Churches
             ,
             and
             I
             believe
             few
             men
             will
             be
             so
             hardy
             ,
             as
             to
             assert
             this
             ;
             and
             methinks
             there
             should
             be
             as
             few
             ,
             who
             are
             so
             credulous
             as
             to
             believe
             it
             ,
             and
             I
             am
             sure
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             man
             living
             who
             is
             able
             to
             prove
             it
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             Nay
             ,
             the
             particular
             sayings
             of
             these
             Fathers
             ,
             by
             which
             the
             Romanists
             prove
             the
             Invocation
             of
             Saints
             ,
             do
             not
             prove
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             the
             Judgment
             and
             practise
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             that
             age
             .
             They
             no
             where
             say
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             ,
             and
             it
             does
             not
             appear
             to
             be
             so
             by
             any
             other
             Records
             .
             Let
             them
             shew
             me
             any
             Council
             before
             ,
             or
             in
             those
             times
             ,
             when
             these
             Fathers
             lived
             ,
             that
             is
             in
             the
             fourth
             Century
             ,
             which
             decreed
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             .
             Let
             them
             produce
             any
             publick
             offices
             of
             Religion
             in
             those
             days
             ,
             which
             allows
             this
             worship
             ;
             and
             if
             no
             such
             thing
             appears
             ,
             those
             men
             must
             be
             very
             well
             prepared
             to
             believe
             this
             ,
             who
             will
             without
             any
             other
             evidence
             judge
             of
             the
             practice
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             only
             from
             some
             extravagant
             flights
             of
             Poets
             and
             Orators
             :
             and
             if
             even
             in
             those
             days
             ,
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             was
             not
             received
             into
             the
             publick
             offices
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             methinks
             we
             may
             as
             well
             live
             without
             it
             still
             ,
             and
             they
             must
             either
             grant
             ,
             that
             these
             Fathers
             ,
             whose
             authority
             they
             alleadge
             ,
             meant
             no
             such
             
             thing
             by
             these
             Rhetorical
             flourishes
             ,
             as
             they
             extract
             out
             of
             them
             ,
             or
             else
             that
             they
             introduced
             a
             new
             and
             unknown
             worship
             into
             the
             Christian
             Church
             ;
             and
             then
             let
             them
             prove
             ,
             that
             some
             few
             Fathers
             of
             the
             fourth
             Century
             ,
             without
             the
             publick
             authority
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             had
             authority
             enough
             of
             their
             own
             to
             change
             the
             object
             of
             worship
             ,
             contrary
             as
             the
             Church
             in
             former
             Ages
             ,
             believed
             ,
             to
             an
             express
             Divine
             Law
             ,
             which
             commands
             us
             to
             worship
             none
             but
             God.
             
          
           
             3.
             
             Nay
             ,
             I
             further
             observe
             ,
             that
             these
             Fathers
             ,
             whose
             authority
             is
             urged
             for
             the
             invocation
             of
             Saints
             by
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             do
             no-where
             dogmatically
             and
             positively
             assert
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             Praying
             to
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             and
             many
             Fathers
             of
             the
             same
             Age
             do
             positively
             deny
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             it
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             plain
             argument
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             not
             the
             judgement
             and
             practice
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             that
             Age
             ,
             and
             a
             good
             reasonable
             presumptition
             ,
             that
             these
             Fathers
             never
             intended
             any
             such
             thing
             in
             what
             they
             said
             ,
             how
             liable
             soever
             their
             words
             may
             be
             to
             be
             expounded
             to
             such
             a
             sense
             .
          
           
             
               Gregory
               Nazianzen
               ,
            
             indeed
             in
             his
             Book
             against
             
               Julian
            
             the
             Apostate
             ,
             speaks
             to
             the
             Soul
             of
             
               Constantius
               ,
            
             in
             this
             manner
             :
             
               Hear
               O
               thou
               Soul
               of
               great
            
             Constantius
             
               (
               if
               thou
               hast
               any
               sense
               of
               these
               things
               ,
               )
            
             &c.
             
             But
             will
             you
             call
             this
             a
             Prayer
             to
             
               Constantius
               ?
            
             does
             this
             Father
             any
             where
             assert
             in
             plain
             terms
             that
             it
             is
             lawful
             to
             pray
             to
             Saints
             departed
             ?
             a
             hundred
             such
             sayings
             as
             these
             ,
             which
             are
             no
             Prayers
             to
             Saints
             ,
             cannot
             prove
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             praying
             to
             Saints
             against
             the
             constant
             Doctrine
             of
             the
             Fathers
             of
             that
             Age.
             Thus
             in
             his
             Funeral
             Oration
             for
             his
             Sister
             
               Gorgonia
               ,
            
             he
             bespeaks
             her
             to
             this
             purpose
             ,
             that
             if
             she
             knew
             what
             he
             was
             now
             a
             doing
             ,
             
             and
             if
             holy
             Souls
             did
             receive
             this
             favour
             from
             God
             to
             know
             such
             matters
             as
             these
             ,
             that
             then
             she
             would
             kindly
             accept
             that
             Oration
             which
             he
             made
             in
             her
             praise
             ,
             instead
             of
             other
             Funeral
             
             Obsequies
             .
             Is
             this
             a
             Prayer
             to
             
               Gorgonia
            
             to
             intercede
             for
             him
             with
             God
             ?
             by
             no
             means
             !
             He
             onely
             desires
             if
             she
             heard
             what
             he
             said
             of
             her
             (
             which
             he
             was
             not
             sure
             she
             did
             )
             that
             she
             would
             take
             it
             kindly
             .
             Whereas
             in
             that
             very
             Age
             the
             Fathers
             asserted
             ,
             that
             we
             must
             pray
             onely
             to
             God
             ,
             and
             therefore
             they
             define
             Prayer
             by
             its
             relation
             to
             God
             ;
             
             
               That
               Prayer
               is
               a
               request
               of
               some
               good
               things
               ,
               made
               by
               devout
               Souls
               to
               God
               ,
            
             that
             
               it
               is
               a
               conference
               with
               God
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               a
               request
               offered
               with
               supplication
               to
               God.
            
             Which
             is
             a
             very
             imperfect
             definition
             of
             Prayer
             ,
             were
             it
             lawful
             to
             pray
             to
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             God.
             
          
           
             St.
             
               Austin
            
             tells
             us
             ,
             that
             when
             the
             names
             of
             the
             Martyrs
             were
             rehearsed
             in
             their
             publick
             Liturgies
             ,
             it
             was
             not
             to
             invoke
             them
             ,
             or
             pray
             to
             them
             ,
             but
             onely
             for
             an
             honourable
             remembrance
             ;
             nay
             ,
             he
             expresly
             tells
             us
             ,
             that
             the
             worship
             of
             dead
             men
             ,
             must
             be
             no
             part
             of
             our
             Religion
             ,
             for
             if
             they
             were
             pious
             men
             ,
             they
             do
             not
             desire
             this
             kind
             of
             honour
             ,
             but
             would
             have
             us
             worship
             God
             :
             
               honorandi
               ergo
               sunt
               propter
               imitationem
               ,
            
             
             
               non
               adorandi
               propter
               religionem
               ,
            
             they
             are
             to
             be
             honoured
             for
             our
             imitation
             ,
             not
             to
             be
             adored
             as
             an
             act
             of
             Religion
             .
          
           
             The
             Council
             of
             
               Laodicea
            
             condemned
             the
             Worship
             of
             Angels
             ;
             and
             so
             does
             
               Theodoret
               ,
               Oecumenius
               ,
            
             and
             others
             of
             that
             Age.
             It
             is
             notoriously
             known
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Arrians
            
             were
             condemned
             as
             guilty
             of
             Idolatry
             for
             worshipping
             Christ
             ,
             whom
             they
             would
             not
             own
             to
             be
             the
             true
             God
             ,
             though
             they
             owned
             him
             to
             be
             far
             exalted
             above
             all
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             as
             like
             to
             God
             ,
             as
             it
             is
             possible
             for
             any
             Creature
             to
             be
             :
             and
             those
             who
             upon
             these
             Principles
             ,
             condemned
             the
             worship
             of
             the
             most
             perfect
             and
             excellent
             Creature
             ,
             could
             never
             allow
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             .
          
           
             So
             that
             though
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             did
             begin
             about
             this
             time
             to
             creep
             into
             the
             Church
             ,
             yet
             it
             was
             opposed
             by
             these
             pious
             and
             learned
             Fathers
             ,
             and
             condemned
             
             in
             the
             first
             and
             smallest
             appearances
             of
             it
             ;
             which
             shows
             ,
             that
             this
             was
             no
             Catholick
             Doctrine
             and
             Practice
             in
             that
             Age
             ,
             much
             less
             that
             it
             had
             been
             so
             from
             the
             Apostles
             ;
             and
             I
             think
             ,
             after
             this
             time
             there
             was
             no
             authority
             in
             the
             Church
             to
             alter
             the
             object
             of
             worship
             ,
             nor
             to
             justifie
             such
             an
             Innovation
             as
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             in
             opposition
             to
             the
             express
             Law
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             The
             sum
             of
             this
             Argument
             is
             this
             :
             Since
             there
             is
             an
             express
             Law
             against
             the
             worship
             of
             any
             other
             Being
             besides
             the
             supreme
             God
             ,
             the
             Lord
             
               Jehovah
               ,
            
             which
             never
             was
             expresly
             repealed
             ,
             whatever
             plausible
             reasons
             may
             be
             urged
             for
             the
             worship
             of
             Saints
             and
             Angels
             ,
             they
             cannot
             justifie
             us
             in
             acting
             contrary
             to
             an
             express
             Law
             of
             God.
             
          
        
         
           THE
           END
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           ERRATA
           .
        
         
           PAge
           53.
           
           Line
           23.
           for
           
             repepealed
             ,
          
           read
           
             repealed
             ,
          
           p.
           54.
           margin
           ,
           for
           
             domini
             ,
          
           r.
           
             dominum
             ,
          
           p.
           59.
           l.
           30.
           for
           
             last
          
           r.
           
             least
             ,
          
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           Catalogue
           of
           Books
           sold
           by
           
             Abel
             Swalle
             ,
          
           at
           the
           
             Vnicorn
             ,
          
           at
           the
           
           West-end
           of
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Church-yard
           ,
           1685.
           
        
         
           
             A
          
           Companion
           to
           the
           Temple
           :
           
             or
             ,
             a
          
           Help
           to
           Devotion
           ,
           
             in
             the
             use
             of
             the
          
           Common
           Prayer
           .
           
             Divided
             in
             the
             four
             Parts
             .
             Part
             1.
             
             Of
          
           Morning
           and
           Evening
           Prayer
           .
           
             Part.
             2.
             
             Of
             the
          
           Litany
           ,
           
             with
             the
             Occasional
          
           Prayers
           and
           Thanksgivings
           .
           
             Part.
             3.
             
             Of
             the
          
           Communion
           Office
           ,
           
             with
             the
          
           Offices
           of
           Baptism
           ,
           Cateohism
           
             and
          
           Comfirmation
           .
           
             Part.
             4.
             
             Of
             the
          
           Occasional
           Offices
           ,
           
             viz.
          
           Matrimony
           ,
           Visitation
           
             of
             the
          
           Sick
           ▪
           
             &c.
             The
             whole
             being
             carefully
             corrected
             ,
             and
             now
             put
             into
             one
             Volume
             .
             By
          
           Tho.
           Comber
           ,
           
             D.
             D.
             Folio
             .
          
        
         
           
             Forty
             Sermons
             ,
          
           whereof
           twenty
           one
           are
           now
           first
           published
           ;
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           them
           Preached
           before
           the
           
             King
             ,
          
           and
           on
           
             Solemn
             Occasions
             .
          
           By
           
             Rich.
             Allestry
             ,
          
           D.
           D.
           With
           an
           account
           of
           the
           
             Authors
             Life
             ,
          
           in
           Folio
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Works
          
           of
           Mr.
           
             Abraham
             Cowley
             ,
          
           consisting
           of
           those
           which
           were
           formerly
           
             Printed
             ,
          
           and
           those
           designed
           for
           the
           
             Press
             ,
          
           and
           now
           Published
           out
           of
           the
           Authors
           
             Original
             Papers
             .
          
           The
           eighth
           Edition
           ,
           in
           Folio
           .
        
         
           The
           Second
           Part
           of
           the
           
             Works
          
           of
           Mr.
           
             Abraham
             Cowley
             ;
          
           being
           what
           was
           written
           in
           his
           younger
           years
           ,
           and
           now
           Reprinted
           together
           .
           The
           fifth
           Edition
           .
        
         
           
             The
          
           Case
           
             of
          
           Resistance
           
             of
             the
          
           Supreme
           Powers
           ,
           
             Stated
             and
             Resolved
             ,
             according
             to
             the
          
           Doctrine
           
             of
             the
          
           Holy
           Scriptures
           .
           
             By
          
           William
           Sherlock
           ,
           
             D.
             D.
             in
             Octavo
             .
          
        
         
           A
           Vindication
           of
           the
           Rights
           of
           
             Ecclestastical
             Authority
             ;
          
           being
           an
           Answer
           to
           the
           First
           Part
           of
           the
           
             Protestant
             Reconciler
             .
          
           By
           
             William
             Sherlock
             ,
          
           D.
           D.
           and
           Master
           of
           the
           
             Temple
             ,
          
           in
           Octavo
           .
        
         
           Pet.
           Dan.
           Huetii
           de
           Interpretatione
           Libri
           2.
           duo
           :
           quarum
           Prior
           est
           ,
           de
           Optimo
           Genere
           Interpretandi
           :
           Alter
           d●
           Claris
           Interpret
           ▪
           
             &c.
          
           in
           Octavo
           .
        
         
           The
           Case
           of
           
             Compelling
             Men
          
           to
           the
           
             Holy
             Sacrament
          
           of
           the
           
             Lord's
             Supper
          
           considered
           .
           And
           
             Authority
          
           vindicated
           in
           it
           ,
           by
           the
           Rules
           of
           the
           
             Gospel
             ,
          
           and
           from
           the
           Common
           and
           Popular
           Objections
           against
           it
           .
           By
           the
           Author
           of
           the
           
             Charge
             of
             Scandal
             ,
          
           omitted
           in
           the
           late
           Collection
           .
        
         
           L.
           Coely
           Lac●ant●i
           Firmiani
           Opera
           que
           extant
           ,
           ad
           fidem
           MS
           ▪
           S.
           recognita
           &
           Commentariis
           ▪
           illustrata
           ,
           a
           
             Tho.
             Spark
             ,
          
           A.
           M.
           
             Oxonii
             e
             Theatr.
             Sheldoniano
             .
          
        
         
           
             A
          
           Sermon
           
             Preached
             before
             the
          
           King
           
             at
          
           White-hall
           ,
           Novemb.
           23.
           1684.
           
           
             By
          
           Gilb.
           Ironside
           ,
           
             D.
             D.
             Warden
             of
          
           Wadham
           -
           
             Colledge
             in
          
           Oxon
           ,
           
             &c.
             
          
        
         
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A59820-e100
           
             4.
             
             Mat.
             10.
             
          
           
             Sect.
             1.
             
          
           
             2
             Col.
             18.
             
          
           
             Sect.
             2.
             
          
           
             4
             Matth.
             10.
             6
             
             Deutr.
             13.
             10
             
             Deutr.
             20.
             
          
           
             20
             Exod.
             3.
             
          
           
             6
             Deutr.
             14.
             
          
           
             70
             Jere.
             11.
             
          
           
             
               Stilling
               fleet●s
            
             Defence
             of
             the
             discourse
             of
             Idolatry
             .
          
           
             4
             Luke
             6.
             
          
           
             12
             Deut.
             13
             ,
             14.
             
          
           
             22
             Joshua
             .
          
           
             v.
             16.
             19.
             22
             ,
             23.
             
          
           
             22
             Exod.
             2●
             .
          
           
             56
             Isai.
             7.
             
             2●
             .
             Matth.
             13.
             1
             
             King
             8.
             
          
           
             3
             Acts
             1.
             
          
           
             6
             Dan.
             10.
             55
             
             Psalm
             .
             17.
             
          
           
             9.
             
             Dan.
             21.
             
          
           
             1
             Kings
             8.
             30.
             
          
           
             v.
             35.
             
          
           
             v.
             37.
             
          
           
             v.
             39.
             
          
           
             v.
             44.
             
          
           
             v.
             48.
             
          
           
             6.
             
             Dan.
             10.
             
          
           
             Bu●torsii
             Synag
             .
             Jud.
             p.
             222
             
          
           
             65.
             
             Psalm
             .
             2.
             23
             
             Joshua
             7●
             
          
           
             1
             Kings
             18.
             26.
             
          
           
             20
             Ezek.
             20.
             
          
           
             10
             Deut
             21.
             19
             
             Isai.
             18.
             
          
           
             4●
             Gen.
             16.
             
          
           
             Sect.
             3.
             
          
           
             13
             Deut.
             1
             ,
             2
             ,
             3
             ,
             4
             ,
             5.
             
          
           
             19.
             
             John
             7.
             
          
           
             4
             Matth.
             10.
             
          
           
             1
             Rom.
             21.
             
          
           
             v.
             23.
             
          
           
             v.
             25.
             
          
           
             1
             Cor.
             8.
             5
             ,
             6.
             
          
           
             1
             Tim.
             4.
             1.
             
          
           
             See
             Mr.
             
               Joseph
               Medes
            
             Apostasie
             of
             the
             latter
             times
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             Mat.
             17.
             
          
           
             21.
             
             Acts
             21
             ,
             22.
             
          
           
             3.
             
             Rom.
             31.
             
          
           
             8.
             
             Isai.
             20.
             
          
           
             2
             Pet.
             1.
             16
             ,
             17
             ,
             18
             ,
             19.
             
          
           
             17.
             
             Acts
             10
             ,
             11.
             
          
           
             42.
             
             Isai.
             8.
             
          
           
             4
             Gal.
             5
             ,
             6.
             
          
           
             4
             Hebr.
             16.
             
          
           
             1
             Pet.
             2
             5
             ,
             9.
             
          
           
             14
             Joh.
             13
             ,
             15.
             16
             
             Joh.
             24.
             
          
           
             26
             ,
             27.
             
          
           
             10
             Hebr.
             19
             ,
             20
             ,
             21
             ,
             22.
             
          
           
             2
             Joh.
             19.
             21.
             1
             
             Joh.
             14.
             
          
           
             2
             Coloss.
             3.
             
          
           
             1
             Joh.
             2.
             1
             ,
             2.
             
          
           
             1.
             
             Heb.
             12.
             
          
           
             28.
             
             Mat.
             20.
             
          
           
             *
             Bonum
             atque
             utile
             esse
             suppliciter
             Sanctos
             invocare
             ,
             &
             ab
             beneficia
             impetranda
             ●
             Deo
             per
             silium
             ejus
             Jesum
             Christum
             Domini
             nostrum
             ,
             qui
             solus
             noster
             Redemptor
             &
             Salvator
             est
             ,
             ad
             eorum
             orationes
             opem
             auxilium
             ▪
             confugere
             .
             
               Can●
               .
               Trin.
               16.
               25.
               de
               Invocat
               .
            
          
           
             20
             Exod.
             
          
           
             10
             Deut.
             20.
             
          
           
             4
             Matth
             10.
             
          
           
             13
             Deuter.
             6
             ,
             7.
             
               &c.
               
            
          
           
             6
             Deut.
             13
             ,
             14.
             13
             
             Deut.
             7.
             
          
           
             See
             Bishops
             
               Ushers
            
             Answer
             to
             the
             Jesuits
             Challenge
             .
          
           
             Greg.
             Naz.
             
               Orat.
               2.
               in
            
             Gorg.
             
          
           
             Basil
             ,
             Orat.
             in
             
               Julit
               .
            
             Martyr
             .
             
               Greg.
               Naz.
            
             Orat
             .
             1.
             de
             Oratione
             .
             Chrys.
             in
             Genes
             .
             Homil.
             30.
             
             Aug.
             De
             Civit
             Dei
             ,
             l.
             22.
             cap.
             10.
             
          
           
             Id.
             de
             vera
             religione
             ,
             Cap.
             55