Distant Reader - subject-geography-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 25 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 2,668,411 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 111,183 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 92. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

one, great, called, king, two, many, haue, first, city, sea, also, part, north, town, east, south, river, now, west, hundred, name, made, time, hee, much, may, miles, men, three, people, place, yet, bee, like, will, see, parts, country, day, long, man, thousand, god, earth, little, whose, good, another, france, province

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Purchas his pilgrimage. Or Relations of the vvorld and the religions obserued in all ages and places discouered, from the Creation vnto this present Contayning a theologicall and geographicall historie of Asia, Africa, and America, with the ilands adiacent. Declaring the ancient religions before the Floud ... The fourth edition, much enlarged with additions, and illustrated with mappes through the whole worke; and three whole treatises annexed, one of Russia and other northeasterne regions by Sr. Ierome Horsey; the second of the Gulfe of Bengala by Master William Methold; the third of the Saracenicall empire, translated out of Arabike by T. Erpenius. By Samuel Purchas, parson of St. Martins by Ludgate, London., A geographical dictionary representing the present and ancient names of all the counties, provinces, remarkable cities, universities, ports, towns, mountains, seas, streights, fountains, and rivers of the whole world : their distances, longitudes, and latitudes : with a short historical account of the same, and their present state : to which is added an index of the ancient and Latin names : very necesary for the right understanding of all modern histories, and especially the divers accounts of the present transactions of Europe / begun by Edmund Bohun ... ; continued, corrected, and enlarged with great additions throughout, and particularly with whatever in the geographical part of the voluminous, Morey and Le Clerks occurs observable, by Mr. Bernard ; together with all the market-towns, corporations, and rivers, in England, wanting in both the former editions., and Relations of the most famous kingdomes and common-wealths thorowout the world discoursing of their situations, religions, languages, manners, customes, strengths, greatnesse, and policies. Translated out of the best Italian impression of Boterus. And since the last edition by R.I. now once againe inlarged according to moderne observation; with addition of new estates and countries. Wherein many of the oversights both of the author and translator, are amended. And unto which, a mappe of the whole world, with a table of the countries, are now newly added..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

bishops see, two hundred, one hundred, three hundred, hundred thousand, german miles, now called, market town, may bee, chief town, mediterranean sea, haue beene, wee haue, great part, small town, euery one, small city, greatest part, red sea, hundred miles, one thousand, great store, five miles, ever since, king henry, baltick sea, three thousand, thousand men, must needs, five hundred, fiue hundred, capital city, chief cities, two parts, foure hundred, one another, two miles, chief city, two thousand, strong castle, long time, longest day, one day, english miles, small river, times past, one side, commonly called, ten thousand, let vs

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are A prospect of the most famous parts of the vvorld Viz. Asia, 3 Affrica, 5 Europe, 7 America. 9 With these kingdomes therein contained. Grecia, 11 Roman Empire, 13 Germanie, 15 Bohemia, 17 France, 19 Belgia, 21 Spaine, 23 Italie, 25 Hungarie, 27 Denmarke, 29 Poland, 31 Persia, 33 Turkish Empire, 35 Kingdome of China, 37 Tartaria, 39 Sommer Ilands, 41 Civill Warres, in England, Wales, and Ireland. You shall find placed in the beginning of the second booke marked with these [3 asterisks in triangle formation] and (5) together with all the provinces, counties, and shires, contained in that large theator of Great Brittaines empire. / Performed by John Speed. Cosmographia, or, A view of the terrestrial and cœlestial globes in a brief explanation of the principles of plain and solid geometry applied to surveying and gauging of cask : the doctrine of primum mobile : with an account of the Juilan & Gregorian calendars, and the computation of the places of the sun, moon, and fixed stars ... : to which is added an introduction unto geography / by John Newton ..., and A collection of some attempts made to the North-East, and North-West, for the finding a passage to Japan, China, &c. As also somewhat relating to the satisfaction of all inquirers into Captain John Wood''s present search of a passage by the North-Pole, &c. By Joesph Moxon, Hydroprapher to the King''s most excellent Majesty..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

sea, north, south, english, river, ocean, empire, east, city, west, king, country, church, land, kingdome, inhabitants, duke, countries, spaniards, lord, great, french, world, religion, province, island, france, england, earth, court, cities, christians, turks, town, sun, pope, kingdom, italy, islands, government, europe, emperour, bishops, temple, tcp, provinces, princes, prince, new, miles

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be great, and Geographie delineated forth in two bookes Containing the sphericall and topicall parts thereof, by Nathanael Carpenter, Fellow of Exceter Colledge in Oxford. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

part, time, people, name, men, place, miles, parts, day, man, others, places, country, kings, hee, times, things, themselues, side, water, hath, death, way, reason, foure, world, rest, p., manner, gold, number, life, women, king, degrees, land, year, sonne, length, certaine, inhabitants, religion, town, earth, ▪, ch, yeeres, head, nothing, hands

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, was, are, be, were, called, had, being, made, have, see, make, did, haue, bee, said, built, taken, found, has, been, set, sent, say, came, hath, brought, come, according, take, having, divided, call, stands, let, put, seated, do, hauing, given, falls, vnto, done, described, bounded, find, thought, left, mentioned, cut

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

king, city, north, sea, east, river, south, c., west, town, 〉, ◊, 〈, god, haue, ●, france, s., province, hath, kingdom, l., earth, hee, english, island, de, duke, bee, england, castle, county, asia, emperour, prince, citie, t., lord, countrey, wee, italy, church, temple, kingdome, spaniards, world, ocean, country, new, christians

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, their, they, his, he, them, him, i, her, our, we, its, you, my, she, themselves, your, me, himself, us, thy, vp, one, thee, ''em, theirs, ours, whereof, vnto, mine, hee, itself, u, us''d, em, y, o, herself, yours, l, yee, hers, gods, elias, yeere, ye, f, ſ, wa, s

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, great, many, same, first, such, little, small, good, more, much, most, whole, ancient, famous, old, last, second, large, strong, long, greatest, former, own, third, new, high, greater, chief, full, common, rich, true, haue, like, chiefe, best, several, next, few, saith, present, dead, able, better, excellent, strange, pleasant, least, fourth

not, so, then, also, now, very, here, more, most, as, there, first, much, well, out, yet, thus, thereof, therefore, only, together, long, about, onely, up, almost, sometimes, rather, once, off, especially, in, before, still, forth, neere, away, afterwards, commonly, never, likewise, often, therein, down, too, again, far, heretofore, over, otherwise

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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