Observations vpon historie by W.H., Esq.
         Habington, William, 1605-1654.
      
       
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             Observations vpon historie by W.H., Esq.
             Habington, William, 1605-1654.
          
           [10], 161, [1] p.
           
             Printed by T. Cotes for Will. Cooke ...,
             London :
             1641.
          
           
             Attributed to William Habington. Cf. Halkett & Laing (2nd ed.).
             "Imprimatur Tho. Wykes, Novemb. 12, 1640"--P. [1] at end.
             Title page vignette.
             Six unrelated essays on: Henry II and Richard I of England, the battle of Varna, the fall of Constantinople, Louis XI and Charles V of France.
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Europe -- History -- 476-1492.
        
      
    
       A43488  R20802  (Wing H166).  civilwar no Observations vpon historie. By W.H. Esq. Habington, William 1641    13703 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 B  The  rate of 1 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the B category of texts with fewer than 10 defects per 10,000 words. 
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           OBSERVATIONS
           VPON
           HISTORIE
           .
        
         
           BY
           W.
           H.
           
             Esq.
             
          
        
         
           
             LONDON
          
           Printed
           by
           
             T.
             Cotes
             ,
          
           for
           
             Will
             .
             Cooke
             ,
          
           and
           are
           to
           be
           sold
           at
           his
           shop
           ,
           neere
           
             Furnivalls-Inne
          
           gate
           in
           
             Holborne
             .
          
           1641.
           
        
      
       
       
       
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           THe
           world
           must
           forgive
           me
           my
           trouble
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           its
           owne
           ;
           if
           I
           throw
           my selfe
           on
           censure
           by
           this
           publicke
           Edition
           
           of
           my
           private
           studie
           .
           These
           observations
           are
           history
           ,
           such
           as
           surpris'd
           me
           in
           the
           reading
           ,
           &
           wch
           least
           my
           memory
           should
           betray
           me
           ,
           I
           committed
           to
           writing
           .
           They
           are
           singular
           accidents
           ,
           and
           therefore
           more
           powerfull
           to
           arrest
           the
           eye
           ,
           and
           make
           the
           imagination
           stand
           amaz'd
           at
           the
           vicissitude
           of
           time
           and
           fortune
           .
           And
           where
           can
           Phylosophie
           finde
           such
           
           sober
           precepts
           as
           out
           of
           history
           ?
           History
           ,
           that
           faithfull
           preserver
           of
           things
           past
           ,
           that
           great
           instructer
           of
           the
           present
           ,
           and
           certaine
           Prophet
           of
           the
           future
           .
           By
           it
           wee
           may
           discover
           the
           print
           which
           former
           ages
           made
           ,
           and
           treading
           that
           ,
           know
           how
           to
           avoyd
           the
           by-wayes
           of
           errour
           and
           misfortune
           .
           By
           it
           wee
           are
           taught
           the
           value
           of
           humane
           things
           ,
           by
           contemplation
           
           of
           the
           frailtie
           and
           ruine
           of
           which
           wee
           are
           elevated
           to
           the
           love
           of
           the
           Eternall
           .
           For
           when
           we
           reade
           the
           subversion
           of
           Empires
           ,
           and
           looke
           for
           those
           great
           Princes
           who
           commanded
           them
           ,
           and
           finde
           not
           so
           much
           dust
           left
           of
           them
           ,
           as
           may
           serve
           the
           smallest
           wind
           to
           sport
           with
           ,
           what
           variety
           of
           power
           is
           not
           confounded
           ?
           What
           authority
           with
           most
           famed
           Monarchs
           
           can
           secure
           it selfe
           ,
           to
           the
           least
           complacence
           ,
           when
           the
           proud
           manreades
           the
           folly
           of
           all
           those
           cunning
           Arts
           which
           advance
           to
           greatnesse
           ,
           but
           never
           could
           protect
           from
           ruin
           ?
           And
           who
           can
           looke
           cloudie
           on
           his
           owne
           poore
           fortune
           ;
           when
           he
           findes
           that
           the
           too
           much
           favour
           of
           Princes
           ,
           like
           the
           too
           neere
           rayes
           of
           the
           Sunne
           ,
           tans
           them
           they
           shine
           upon
           ?
           Neither
           can
           discontent
           
           finde
           entrance
           into
           that
           soule
           ,
           who
           by
           a
           just
           valuation
           of
           what
           is
           transitory
           resolves
           fortune
           hath
           not
           in
           her
           gift
           vvhat
           may
           ennoble
           ,
           nor
           in
           her
           rage
           vvhat
           may
           debase
           a
           vvell
           ordered
           minde
           .
        
         
           This
           History
           instructs
           us
           to
           ;
           vvhich
           maturely
           read
           by
           a
           Sober
           spirit
           ,
           hath
           povver
           in
           the
           uncertaine
           Sea
           of
           fraylty
           ,
           to
           settle
           man
           fixt
           against
           
           all
           the
           injures
           of
           nature
           hath
           depraved
           us
           to
           .
        
         
           Farewell
           .
        
      
    
     
       
       
       
         
           OBSERVATIONS
           UPON
           HISTORY
           .
        
         
           
             Of
             Henry
             the
             seconds
             association
             of
             his
             eldest
             Sonne
             to
             the
             regall
             Throne
             .
          
           
             
               MAude
            
             the
             Empresse
             ,
             by
             the
             weaknesse
             of
             her
             Sexe
             ,
             lost
             that
             Crowne
             she
             
             had
             title
             to
             in
             being
             sole
             Daughter
             to
             
               Henry
            
             the
             first
             .
             The
             ungratefull
             
               English
            
             opposing
             powre
             against
             infirmitie
             ;
             and
             violating
             that
             oath
             they
             had
             sworne
             to
             her
             succession
             ;
             as
             if
             fealtie
             could
             not
             be
             obleiged
             to
             woman
             :
             and
             the
             more
             politick
             regards
             had
             authority
             to
             dispence
             with
             the
             more
             honest
             .
             Yet
             did
             her
             son
             prevaile
             ,
             and
             Anchor'd
             in
             the
             Haven
             of
             that
             Monarchie
             ;
             from
             which
             so
             various
             tempests
             such
             broken
             tides
             ,
             and
             so
             many
             shelfs
             and
             rockes
             ,
             
             had
             bar'd
             her
             .
             For
             the
             very
             Genius
             of
             this
             Nation
             by
             a
             strange
             dotage
             on
             the
             male
             heires
             ,
             hath
             still
             bin
             cruell
             to
             the
             female
             ,
             when
             they
             had
             a
             sonne
             able
             for
             government
             .
             
               Henry
            
             the
             seventh
             ,
             like
             this
             great
             
               Henry
               ,
            
             not
             disputing
             the
             title
             of
             a
             mother
             ,
             when
             youth
             and
             action
             rais'd
             him
             to
             be
             acceptable
             to
             the
             Kingdome
             :
             though
             in
             that
             some
             contempt
             reflected
             on
             her
             reverend
             weakenesse
             .
             So
             little
             did
             the
             appetite
             of
             power
             regulate
             it selfe
             by
             the
             streight
             rule
             
             of
             conscience
             .
          
           
             But
             
               Henry
            
             the
             second
             disdain'd
             this
             disordered
             voting
             in
             the
             people
             ;
             who
             were
             in
             danger
             as
             easily
             to
             misplace
             Authority
             ,
             if
             fancie
             should
             mis-leade
             them
             to
             doate
             unlawfully
             :
             since
             in
             how
             dangerous
             a
             Doctrine
             an
             unwarrantable
             president
             instructs
             posteritie
             ?
             And
             with
             what
             little
             difficultie
             the
             multitude
             breakes
             all
             dutie
             ,
             if
             by
             an
             awfull
             hand
             not
             kept
             to
             the
             most
             severe
             ?
             The
             libertie
             of
             such
             elections
             having
             beene
             ever
             of
             
             ruinous
             consequence
             to
             that
             Nation
             which
             maintaines
             it
             .
          
           
             Among
             many
             gallant
             sonnes
             to
             leave
             the
             Kingdome
             no
             dispute
             about
             the
             choyce
             ,
             he
             gave
             order
             for
             coronation
             of
             his
             eldest
             ,
             thereby
             to
             exempt
             the
             people
             from
             the
             trouble
             of
             an
             hereafter
             suffrage
             .
             For
             since
             the
             violent
             entrance
             of
             his
             great
             grand
             father
             ,
             
               William
            
             the
             Bastard
             ,
             on
             the
             government
             of
             
               England
               ;
            
             passion
             had
             disorder'd
             succession
             ,
             and
             no
             Prince
             but
             might
             
             challenge
             in
             his
             tyrannie
             ,
             a
             descent
             from
             the
             first
             usurper
             .
             But
             King
             
               Henry
            
             brought
             justice
             to
             the
             throne
             ,
             and
             making
             claime
             to
             the
             Monarchie
             by
             a
             streight
             line
             ,
             with
             more
             earnestnesse
             endeavour'd
             to
             continue
             it
             to
             posterity
             .
          
           
             But
             when
             pollicie
             shoots
             too
             farre
             ,
             her
             arrowes
             fall
             ever
             wide
             ;
             for
             humane
             judgement
             hath
             no
             sight
             into
             the
             future
             ,
             and
             mistakes
             when
             it
             endeavours
             beyond
             a
             lawful
             distance
             .
             The
             wit
             of
             man
             delights
             to
             finde
             eternitie
             in
             a
             moment
             ;
             
             and
             to
             build
             a
             lasting
             edefice
             on
             a
             quickesand
             .
             For
             what
             Arts
             can
             perpetuate
             Monarchie
             ,
             and
             how
             fraile
             a
             reede
             is
             all
             our
             wisedome
             to
             support
             an
             empire
             ?
             This
             very
             cunning
             in
             King
             
               Henry
            
             proved
             such
             folly
             ,
             that
             his
             friends
             were
             enforst
             to
             pittie
             .
             For
             while
             in
             the
             pompe
             of
             this
             Coronation
             he
             seem'd
             even
             to
             survive
             himselfe
             ,
             and
             see
             his
             eldest
             sonne
             succeed
             :
             which
             happinesse
             no
             Prince
             here
             had
             for
             long
             time
             attain'd
             .
             A
             sudden
             Devill
             
             (
             for
             what
             els
             can
             we
             terme
             ambition
             ?
             )
             was
             rais'd
             ,
             which
             no
             exorcisme
             of
             a
             parents
             awe
             had
             powre
             to
             lay
             .
             For
             this
             new
             honour
             created
             new
             passions
             ,
             and
             the
             sonne
             having
             equall
             title
             with
             the
             Father
             disdain'd
             to
             want
             equall
             greatnesse
             .
             Why
             should
             he
             bee
             made
             a
             mockery
             of
             Princes
             ,
             and
             weare
             the
             Diadem
             without
             the
             power
             ?
             why
             should
             he
             be
             thought
             worthy
             the
             throne
             ,
             and
             not
             the
             Scepter
             ?
             why
             should
             his
             youth
             active
             to
             great
             attempts
             ,
             be
             frozen
             
             up
             by
             the
             cold
             advice
             of
             a
             declining
             father
             ?
             If
             it
             was
             wisdom
             to
             raise
             him
             to
             so
             eminent
             a
             degree
             ;
             why
             wanted
             he
             justice
             to
             exercise
             it
             ?
             Vnlesse
             his
             father
             design'd
             to
             make
             the
             most
             serious
             act
             of
             government
             ,
             an
             interlude
             of
             mirth
             ;
             and
             convert
             the
             Church
             into
             a
             stage
             to
             represent
             the
             Comedie
             more
             to
             the
             life
             .
             But
             though
             this
             was
             intended
             onely
             for
             a
             Pageant
             ;
             yet
             did
             it
             behoove
             him
             in
             this
             first
             appearing
             to
             the
             world
             ,
             to
             shew
             himselfe
             farre
             above
             the
             scorne
             or
             sport
             of
             either
             
             his
             enemies
             or
             friends
             .
          
           
             This
             was
             whisper'd
             in
             his
             eare
             ,
             and
             the
             discourse
             pleasing
             the
             vanitie
             of
             his
             passion
             ,
             soone
             wonne
             authoritie
             on
             his
             reason
             .
             For
             with
             how
             little
             remorse
             is
             the
             conscience
             perswaded
             when
             the
             least
             apparence
             of
             justice
             priviledgeth
             ambition
             ?
             what
             thoughts
             at
             first
             he
             feard
             to
             trust
             his
             heart
             with
             ;
             by
             this
             advice
             he
             enlarged
             to
             his
             tongue
             :
             and
             from
             private
             discourses
             ,
             he
             began
             open
             complaints
             ;
             so
             that
             hee
             tooke
             
             confidence
             to
             urge
             his
             father
             to
             a
             resignation
             of
             his
             Kingdome
             and
             other
             Provinces
             ,
             which
             with
             so
             eminent
             a
             fame
             he
             hitherto
             had
             govern'd
             .
             Nor
             was
             a
             powerfull
             faction
             wanting
             both
             in
             
               England
            
             and
             abroad
             ,
             who
             though
             at
             the
             inward
             tribunall
             of
             their
             judgement
             they
             condemn'd
             so
             unnaturall
             ingratitude
             ,
             yet
             outwardly
             did
             applaude
             the
             young
             Kings
             most
             crooked
             wayes
             :
             which
             easily
             are
             made
             streight
             to
             opinion
             ,
             when
             they
             carry
             in
             
             them
             matter
             to
             foment
             hopes
             of
             innovation
             .
          
           
             The
             father
             endeavourd
             by
             reason
             to
             calm
             this
             tempest
             ,
             &
             advis'd
             the
             son
             not
             to
             anticipate
             vexation
             ;
             for
             how
             smoth
             a
             brow
             soever
             Majestiepretended
             ;
             the
             inward
             aspect
             must
             needes
             prove
             rugged
             .
             Since
             no
             command
             is
             happie
             ,
             if
             not
             innocent
             .
             The
             least
             traine
             of
             wicked
             pollicie
             undermining
             the
             firmest
             edifice
             of
             empire
             .
             That
             hereafter
             when
             the
             Fathers
             death
             shall
             prepare
             the
             passage
             to
             the
             sons
             government
             ,
             
             the
             entry
             not
             being
             violent
             might
             bee
             happie
             and
             carrying
             with
             it
             no
             cloud
             of
             sinister
             practises
             ,
             might
             shine
             glorious
             .
             For
             the
             present
             ,
             he
             intreated
             that
             patience
             which
             the
             Divine
             Law
             commanded
             ;
             and
             all
             humane
             customes
             had
             still
             observed
             .
             Withall
             he
             perswaded
             him
             to
             tame
             his
             wild
             ambition
             :
             ambition
             ;
             which
             if
             naturall
             ,
             is
             a
             sickenesse
             destroyes
             the
             body
             it
             possesses
             :
             if
             infusive
             ,
             a
             venome
             ,
             ministered
             by
             the
             most
             malicious
             ,
             against
             which
             
             there
             is
             no
             antidote
             but
             ruine
             .
          
           
             That
             his
             association
             into
             the
             Kingdome
             ,
             was
             not
             prejudice
             the
             present
             authority
             of
             the
             Father
             ,
             but
             to
             confirme
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             the
             sonne
             in
             future
             .
             That
             it
             was
             high
             ingratitude
             to
             retribute
             disobedience
             for
             so
             unexampled
             a
             favour
             .
          
           
             But
             reason
             forc't
             by
             strongest
             arguments
             was
             to
             weak
             to
             prevaile
             against
             those
             many
             Castles
             built
             high
             in
             the
             ayre
             of
             his
             vaine
             thoughts
             .
             And
             seeing
             
             his
             desires
             batter'd
             by
             his
             fathers
             just
             resolutions
             when
             he
             expected
             no
             resistance
             ;
             pride
             perswaded
             him
             to
             seeke
             remedie
             abroade
             ,
             and
             to
             force
             what
             he
             could
             not
             intreate
             .
             Suddenly
             therefore
             hee
             conveyes
             himselfe
             and
             all
             his
             passions
             to
             King
             
               Lewis
            
             of
             
               France
               ,
            
             whose
             daughter
             he
             had
             married
             ,
             but
             never
             bedded
             :
             King
             
               Henry
            
             the
             Father
             carefully
             providing
             against
             the
             consummation
             of
             those
             Nuptialls
             ;
             least
             his
             Sonne
             might
             by
             the
             alliance
             increase
             in
             power
             
             and
             dependencies
             .
             But
             this
             pollitick
             barre
             which
             divided
             the
             young
             Princes
             mature
             for
             love
             ,
             created
             rage
             in
             the
             young
             King
             ,
             disdaine
             in
             the
             Ladie
             ,
             in
             
               Lewis
            
             discontent
             ,
             but
             in
             Queene
             
               Aeleanor
               (
               Henry
            
             the
             fathers
             wife
             )
             an
             impious
             jealousie
             .
             For
             she
             who
             in
             her
             youth
             had
             made
             forfeite
             of
             her
             honour
             ,
             and
             in
             her
             lust
             (
             repugnant
             to
             Christian
             Lawes
             )
             chose
             a
             
               Sarazen
            
             for
             her
             Lover
             ;
             interpreted
             this
             restraint
             of
             the
             young
             Kings
             wife
             ,
             to
             a
             vicious
             designe
             in
             the
             old
             
             King
             and
             that
             all
             the
             cautions
             pretended
             were
             onely
             with
             the
             more
             artifice
             and
             secrecie
             to
             secure
             the
             fruition
             of
             his
             injurious
             pleasures
             .
             And
             shee
             seem'd
             to
             have
             ground
             for
             her
             suspitions
             in
             the
             much
             liberty
             of
             his
             former
             life
             ;
             which
             seldome
             had
             in
             his
             restraint
             condemn'd
             that
             action
             dishonest
             ,
             which
             his
             blood
             prompted
             was
             delightfull
             .
          
           
             This
             calumnie
             wrought
             the
             old
             King
             into
             the
             peoples
             hard
             censure
             ,
             and
             brought
             compassion
             to
             
             the
             young
             King
             ,
             whose
             injuries
             seem'd
             of
             that
             qualitie
             as
             might
             authorize
             disobedience
             .
             So
             that
             not
             onely
             
               Lewis
            
             of
             
               France
            
             who
             as
             being
             a
             Neighbour
             King
             ,
             was
             concernd
             to
             foment
             that
             discord
             :
             but
             even
             many
             of
             the
             subjects
             to
             the
             Crowne
             of
             
               England
            
             prepared
             their
             Armes
             for
             an
             unnaturall
             warre
             ▪
             The
             chiefe
             heads
             of
             which
             Rebellion
             at
             home
             ,
             were
             the
             Earles
             of
             
               Chester
            
             and
             
               Leicester
               :
            
             who
             to
             give
             their
             King
             despaire
             of
             any
             suddaine
             
             quiet
             ,
             fortified
             their
             Castles
             and
             other
             strong
             holds
             ,
             with
             so
             much
             Art
             as
             if
             they
             design'd
             to
             perpetuate
             mischiefe
             .
             And
             what
             encouraged
             them
             to
             danger
             ,
             was
             ,
             beside
             hopes
             of
             greatnes
             in
             the
             change
             of
             government
             ;
             confederacie
             with
             the
             King
             of
             
               Scotland
               ;
            
             by
             whose
             power
             joyn'd
             to
             that
             of
             
               France
               ,
            
             they
             doubted
             not
             either
             to
             advance
             their
             fortunes
             by
             warre
             ,
             or
             make
             an
             honorable
             retreate
             by
             peace
             .
             For
             when
             did
             unquiet
             subjects
             presume
             to
             
             arme
             ,
             without
             promise
             of
             ayde
             from
             forraigne
             Princes
             ?
             And
             when
             bad
             attempts
             with
             them
             proved
             unsuccessefull
             ;
             what
             stranger
             but
             disavowed
             all
             under-hand
             darke
             intelligence
             ?
             But
             the
             wonder
             of
             this
             mischiefe
             was
             ,
             that
             
               Richard
            
             and
             
               Geoffrey
            
             brothers
             to
             the
             young
             King
             entred
             into
             this
             conspiracie
             ;
             as
             if
             the
             blood
             of
             Princes
             had
             not
             flowed
             according
             to
             the
             course
             of
             Nature
             :
             and
             the
             eminencie
             of
             birth
             ,
             had
             elevated
             them
             above
             the
             Lawes
             of
             filiall
             Dutie
             .
          
           
           
             To
             wrest
             justice
             to
             either
             quarrell
             ,
             both
             betrayd
             themselves
             :
             for
             infamie
             and
             rage
             shot
             no
             arrow
             to
             wound
             the
             others
             honour
             but
             repercussively
             flew
             backe
             .
             Even
             he
             who
             most
             apparently
             proved
             himselfe
             injured
             ,
             being
             guilty
             :
             and
             no
             man
             safe
             to
             fame
             ,
             who
             had
             best
             title
             to
             defame
             his
             enemie
             .
             So
             unhappily
             had
             nature
             cimented
             them
             ,
             that
             their
             fortunes
             and
             honours
             could
             admit
             no
             disunion
             :
             and
             none
             could
             triumph
             ,
             but
             when
             part
             of
             him
             
             was
             ruin'd
             .
          
           
             The
             Father
             amaz'd
             at
             the
             irreligious
             quarrell
             ;
             forgot
             not
             neverthelesse
             ,
             that
             he
             was
             to
             maime
             himselfe
             if
             he
             destroy'd
             his
             enemie
             :
             and
             therefore
             by
             most
             loving
             addresses
             courted
             his
             Sonnes
             to
             more
             peacefull
             thoughts
             .
             He
             urged
             them
             to
             returne
             to
             dutie
             ,
             with
             confidence
             that
             he
             retain'd
             a
             mercie
             greater
             than
             their
             errour
             .
             That
             their
             demand
             should
             end
             in
             no
             deniall
             ,
             provided
             that
             Reason
             gave
             it
             moderation
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             
             would
             not
             chide
             with
             time
             ,
             which
             yet
             enlarged
             their
             father
             life
             That
             from
             their
             best
             confederates
             they
             could
             expect
             nothing
             but
             the
             breach
             of
             faith
             :
             and
             who
             could
             bee
             more
             interessed
             to
             advance
             their
             businesse
             than
             a
             father
             ?
             All
             other
             allies
             onely
             dissembling
             friendship
             to
             entrap
             their
             youth
             :
             and
             nourishing
             this
             discord
             to
             dissolve
             all
             the
             Ligaments
             of
             our
             Empire
             ,
             and
             purchase
             safety
             at
             the
             cost
             of
             our
             ruine
             .
          
           
             But
             no
             perswasion
             could
             
             humble
             the
             young
             Kings
             desires
             ,
             his
             cause
             now
             justified
             by
             a
             generall
             sentence
             ,
             and
             his
             Armie
             increast
             by
             an
             universall
             confluence
             of
             his
             confederates
             .
             For
             into
             conspiracie
             of
             mischiefe
             ,
             how
             easily
             are
             men
             drawne
             ,
             who
             value
             the
             justice
             of
             the
             quarrell
             at
             the
             rate
             of
             their
             owne
             profit
             ?
          
           
             All
             the
             territories
             belonging
             to
             the
             Crowne
             of
             
               England
            
             were
             now
             on
             fire
             :
             the
             King
             of
             
               France
            
             with
             the
             unnaturall
             sons
             wasting
             
               Normandie
            
             and
             
             
               Aquitain
               ;
            
             the
             King
             of
             
               Scotland
            
             with
             the
             disloyall
             Lords
             destroying
             
               England
               .
            
             In
             the
             meanetime
             ,
             the
             innocent
             people
             were
             offer'd
             a
             victim
             to
             both
             their
             furies
             ;
             and
             the
             honest
             labourer
             forc't
             to
             the
             sweate
             of
             warre
             ,
             to
             obey
             the
             passions
             of
             those
             Lords
             ,
             whose
             quarrell
             hee
             understood
             not
             .
             So
             cruell
             is
             the
             fortune
             of
             the
             vulgar
             ,
             that
             they
             can
             make
             no
             just
             account
             of
             their
             owne
             lives
             or
             states
             ,
             when
             Princes
             are
             pleas'd
             to
             follow
             the
             disorder
             of
             their
             rage
             .
             
             For
             at
             the
             expence
             of
             the
             common
             blood
             highest
             discords
             are
             maintain'd
             ;
             and
             at
             their
             losse
             chiefely
             the
             ambition
             of
             the
             Mighty
             is
             purchast
             .
          
           
             Victory
             at
             length
             brought
             the
             old
             King
             to
             the
             Majestie
             of
             a
             Father
             :
             and
             the
             young
             King
             inclin'd
             to
             obedience
             ,
             when
             by
             overthrow
             of
             the
             King
             of
             
               Scots
            
             and
             the
             
               English
            
             rebells
             he
             found
             his
             faction
             weakned
             .
             For
             adversitie
             hath
             a
             more
             powerfull
             Oratory
             ,
             than
             all
             the
             wit
             of
             Pietie
             ,
             to
             perswade
             the
             
             proud
             from
             their
             usurped
             height
             .
             And
             seldome
             can
             we
             stoope
             to
             confesse
             our
             frailty
             ,
             till
             compel'd
             by
             some
             accidentall
             weakenesse
             .
             But
             the
             Father
             had
             his
             armes
             open
             ,
             when
             ever
             the
             Sonne
             would
             throw
             himselfe
             into
             his
             embraces
             ;
             never
             wanting
             affection
             to
             entertaine
             humility
             .
             And
             concord
             was
             thus
             restored
             :
             when
             the
             Sonne
             perceiv'd
             his
             inabilitie
             longer
             to
             continue
             impious
             ;
             and
             the
             father
             found
             that
             his
             revenge
             would
             be
             most
             cruell
             to
             
             his
             owne
             Nature
             .
             The
             young
             King
             was
             to
             consummate
             his
             marriage
             with
             the
             Daughter
             of
             
               France
            
             (
             for
             in
             all
             tragedies
             the
             amorous
             businesse
             acts
             a
             part
             )
             with
             an
             allowance
             great
             as
             the
             dignity
             he
             wore
             ,
             but
             no
             Soveraign
             power
             .
             For
             the
             Father
             gain'd
             by
             this
             treatie
             from
             his
             Sonne
             ,
             the
             liberty
             to
             live
             a
             King
             .
          
           
             All
             discor'd
             by
             this
             agreement
             appear'd
             rooted
             up
             ,
             when
             indeede
             nothing
             but
             the
             branches
             were
             cut
             downe
             :
             For
             no
             free
             delivery
             
             of
             all
             the
             prisoners
             taken
             in
             the
             late
             battle
             ,
             and
             fully
             re-invested
             in
             their
             greatnesse
             :
             no
             over
             liberall
             allowance
             ,
             no
             solemne
             protestations
             of
             a
             Father
             could
             winne
             authoritie
             with
             the
             Sonne
             .
             New
             disgusts
             on
             the
             least
             grounds
             were
             built
             ,
             by
             his
             owne
             unquiet
             spirit
             ,
             and
             the
             suggestions
             of
             cunning
             instruments
             .
             For
             he
             wanted
             that
             absolute
             power
             his
             title
             challeng'd
             :
             from
             which
             he
             was
             debar'd
             by
             his
             fathers
             life
             and
             fortune
             :
             they
             who
             had
             adherd
             
             heard
             to
             his
             disobedience
             expected
             recompence
             for
             mischeife
             :
             and
             hee
             unable
             to
             pay
             them
             for
             their
             sinnes
             ,
             rewarded
             their
             humour
             with
             discontent
             .
             His
             disease
             of
             minde
             was
             incapable
             of
             cure
             :
             for
             no
             Phificke
             without
             the
             mixture
             of
             his
             Fathers
             vitall
             blood
             could
             minister
             releefe
             ;
             &
             that
             the
             old
             King
             preserved
             against
             all
             practise
             :
             And
             to
             a
             resignation
             of
             Empire
             ,
             no
             Argument
             could
             perswade
             him
             ;
             not
             willing
             to
             encoffin
             himselfe
             in
             a
             Church
             solitude
             
             till
             death
             enforc't
             him
             .
          
           
             At
             length
             unquiet
             thoughts
             destroy'd
             the
             young
             King
             who
             disdain'd
             to
             live
             and
             not
             to
             raigne
             :
             and
             since
             he
             could
             be
             onely
             the
             mockery
             of
             his
             owne
             title
             ,
             he
             was
             willing
             not
             to
             bee
             at
             all
             .
             For
             while
             with
             his
             brother
             
               Geoffrey
            
             he
             was
             in
             armes
             against
             his
             Father
             ,
             and
             found
             no
             successe
             to
             his
             designes
             :
             a
             violent
             fever
             with
             a
             flux
             seiz'd
             ,
             and
             admonisht
             him
             he
             was
             to
             dye
             :
             which
             he
             entertain'd
             
             with
             little
             horrour
             ,
             till
             at
             last
             the
             conscience
             of
             his
             many
             crimes
             frighted
             him
             with
             apprehension
             of
             that
             world
             he
             was
             suddenly
             to
             travaile
             to
             .
             The
             racke
             which
             put
             his
             soule
             to
             the
             extreamest
             torture
             was
             the
             injurie
             hee
             had
             contriv'd
             against
             his
             father
             :
             which
             hee
             redeem'd
             by
             humble
             penitence
             :
             for
             the
             old
             King
             sent
             his
             signer
             ,
             whether
             he
             durst
             not
             trust
             his
             person
             :
             and
             assured
             his
             sonne
             a
             pardon
             ;
             which
             gave
             courage
             to
             his
             death
             and
             made
             him
             with
             lesse
             
             trouble
             resolve
             for
             his
             last
             account
             .
             Having
             by
             his
             preposterous
             association
             into
             the
             Soveraigne
             title
             ,
             created
             to
             his
             father
             disquiet
             and
             repentance
             ,
             and
             to
             himselfe
             onely
             enlarg'd
             the
             shadow
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             death
             of
             Richard
             the
             first
             ,
             King
             of
             England
             .
          
           
             THe
             severall
             parts
             of
             humane
             life
             are
             distinguisht
             by
             our
             vices
             .
             The
             smoothnesse
             of
             youth
             is
             tyranniz'd
             by
             
             sensuall
             pleasure
             ;
             the
             body
             growing
             to
             more
             strength
             ambition
             engageth
             to
             action
             :
             but
             when
             age
             inclines
             toward
             the
             grave
             :
             Avarice
             ,
             preposterous
             to
             reason
             ,
             forceth
             man
             then
             to
             reckon
             upon
             treasure
             ,
             when
             death
             threatens
             to
             cancell
             all
             the
             bonds
             ,
             and
             Out
             him
             from
             the
             world
             with
             no
             more
             gaietie
             than
             at
             his
             birth
             hee
             entred
             .
             Thus
             are
             we
             mockt
             by
             our
             owne
             sinnes
             ;
             vainely
             providing
             for
             the
             safetie
             of
             life
             ,
             when
             the
             tombe
             layes
             claime
             to
             our
             wrinckles
             ,
             
             and
             infirmitie
             holds
             before
             our
             eyes
             Times
             houre-glasse
             ,
             with
             the
             last
             graine
             of
             sand
             readie
             to
             fall
             downe
             .
             The
             soule
             busying
             its
             thoughts
             with
             setting
             long
             leases
             ,
             when
             it
             is
             suddenly
             to
             be
             turn'd
             out
             of
             its
             owne
             weak
             cottage
             .
          
           
             
               Richard
            
             the
             first
             of
             
               England
            
             varied
             not
             from
             this
             common
             path
             ;
             having
             stain'd
             his
             youth
             with
             lust
             :
             honour'd
             his
             maturer
             yeares
             with
             triumphs
             :
             but
             leaning
             now
             toward
             age
             ,
             permitting
             Avarice
             to
             be
             
             night
             the
             glory
             of
             his
             former
             actions
             .
             And
             so
             vainly
             did
             this
             wretched
             vice
             mis-governe
             him
             ,
             that
             as
             wandring
             by
             the
             conduct
             of
             an
             
               ignis
               fatuus
               ,
            
             hee
             followed
             the
             acquisition
             of
             an
             imaginary
             treasure
             .
             For
             vvhile
             he
             pursued
             the
             punishment
             of
             some
             Rebell
             Lords
             in
             
               Poitou
               ,
            
             vvho
             had
             assisted
             ,
             contrary
             to
             alleigance
             ,
             the
             
               French
            
             Kings
             affaires
             during
             the
             late
             vvarres
             ;
             hee
             vvas
             inform'd
             that
             
               Widomer
            
             a
             Vicount
             of
             base
             
               Britaine
               ,
            
             had
             possest
             himselfe
             of
             much
             vvealth
             :
             
             fortune
             unavvares
             to
             his
             endeavours
             ,
             having
             leade
             him
             to
             a
             secret
             cave
             ,
             vvherein
             foolish
             Avarice
             ,
             or
             feare
             of
             some
             sudden
             surprise
             had
             buried
             vast
             treasures
             .
          
           
             This
             severe
             pursute
             thrust
             the
             distracted
             Lord
             into
             severall
             passions
             ,
             vvhich
             councel'd
             him
             rather
             to
             foregoe
             his
             alleigance
             than
             his
             fortune
             :
             and
             knovving
             hovv
             safe
             even
             innocence
             and
             integrity
             are
             against
             the
             assault
             of
             povver
             ;
             hee
             having
             no
             such
             vvarrant
             fled
             into
             
             
               Limosin
            
             (
             a
             Country
             which
             owed
             to
             King
             
               Richard
            
             no
             obedience
             but
             what
             his
             just
             title
             and
             sharpe
             sword
             did
             force
             )
             and
             in
             the
             strongest
             towne
             there
             hee
             inclosed
             himselfe
             ,
             and
             the
             purchase
             of
             that
             treasure
             which
             created
             him
             so
             many
             feares
             and
             so
             little
             safety
             .
             By
             the
             communication
             of
             his
             gold
             ,
             he
             brought
             the
             townesmen
             into
             association
             of
             his
             danger
             :
             for
             where
             they
             are
             interested
             in
             a
             regard
             to
             profit
             ;
             what
             tye
             hath
             fealtie
             upon
             the
             conscience
             ,
             and
             how
             little
             
             is
             a
             life
             esteem'd
             ,
             when
             money
             (
             that
             supreame
             felicitie
             of
             fooles
             )
             is
             concern'd
             ?
          
           
             The
             King
             disdained
             thus
             to
             be
             opposed
             ,
             threatning
             ruine
             and
             devastation
             to
             that
             place
             ,
             which
             could
             so
             easily
             sell
             its
             homage
             ;
             and
             in
             the
             heate
             of
             rage
             and
             power
             he
             assaulted
             it
             ,
             ventring
             for
             a
             poore
             bargaine
             ,
             the
             Crowne
             of
             
               England
            
             and
             his
             principalities
             in
             
               France
            
             and
             
               Ireland
            
             For
             if
             his
             life
             miscarried
             in
             the
             attempt
             ;
             what
             interest
             could
             death
             reserve
             for
             
             him
             to
             Empire
             ,
             who
             wanting
             children
             despair'd
             even
             to
             survive
             in
             that
             imaginary
             vanitie
             ?
             But
             when
             did
             passion
             take
             advice
             of
             truth
             ?
             Or
             when
             powerfull
             Avarice
             inclined
             to
             revenge
             ;
             what
             reason
             could
             give
             a
             bound
             to
             mischiefe
             ?
          
           
             But
             the
             Towne
             resolv'd
             to
             oppose
             :
             since
             no
             conquest
             could
             bring
             more
             desolation
             ,
             than
             to
             yeeld
             to
             that
             passion
             which
             hath
             no
             affinitie
             with
             mercie
             .
             And
             while
             the
             King
             when
             violence
             receiv'd
             repulse
             ,
             
             labourd
             by
             Art
             to
             master
             the
             place
             ,
             an
             envenomed
             Arrow
             ,
             shot
             by
             a
             revengfull
             hand
             ,
             strucke
             him
             into
             the
             shoulder
             .
             Which
             wound
             being
             drest
             by
             a
             rude
             unskilfull
             Surgeon
             ,
             made
             the
             anguish
             insupportable
             to
             any
             man
             whom
             rage
             arm'd
             not
             with
             a
             new
             kinde
             of
             patience
             .
             For
             neglecting
             all
             complaint
             ,
             he
             so
             seriously
             used
             his
             wit
             and
             courage
             to
             prosecute
             his
             designe
             ;
             that
             within
             twelve
             dayes
             he
             brought
             the
             towne
             to
             yeeld
             to
             mercie
             :
             Where
             
             after
             narrow
             search
             ,
             hee
             found
             the
             treasure
             hee
             so
             vainely
             followed
             ,
             a
             deceitfull
             vision
             that
             misled
             him
             to
             his
             ruin
             .
          
           
             This
             conquest
             finisht
             he
             began
             to
             acknowledge
             he
             was
             but
             man
             :
             for
             death
             commanded
             him
             away
             ,
             and
             hee
             obeyd
             the
             summons
             .
             Then
             hee
             found
             another
             law
             to
             over-rule
             his
             spirits
             ,
             and
             being
             to
             appeale
             from
             the
             severity
             of
             the
             eternall
             Iustice
             ,
             hee
             laboured
             in
             himselfe
             to
             practise
             mercie
             .
             And
             in
             this
             short
             intervall
             betweene
             
             the
             glorious
             thoughts
             of
             life
             ,
             and
             his
             last
             houre
             ,
             hee
             left
             his
             vertue
             an
             example
             to
             the
             most
             religious
             ,
             as
             his
             valour
             had
             beene
             an
             envie
             in
             the
             most
             ambitious
             .
             For
             when
             the
             Paracide
             ,
             in
             a
             pride
             of
             the
             high
             mischiefe
             hee
             had
             committed
             ,
             refused
             to
             lay
             fault
             on
             errour
             :
             but
             impiously
             aver'd
             hee
             did
             that
             great
             sinne
             to
             revenge
             his
             Father
             and
             two
             brothers
             slaughtered
             by
             the
             King
             :
             the
             King
             forgave
             him
             with
             so
             much
             pietie
             ,
             that
             hee
             rewarded
             even
             the
             
             Executioner
             :
             and
             conjured
             his
             servants
             that
             this
             unhappie
             man
             might
             enjoy
             the
             comfort
             of
             his
             revenge
             ,
             and
             survive
             a
             Trophee
             of
             so
             eminent
             a
             mercy
             .
             But
             this
             pious
             Testament
             had
             no
             obedient
             Executors
             ;
             the
             King
             no
             longer
             obey'd
             than
             he
             had
             liberty
             from
             death
             to
             command
             .
             For
             justice
             then
             unsheath'd
             her
             sword
             ,
             and
             least
             the
             example
             of
             too
             much
             favour
             might
             afterward
             become
             an
             injurie
             ,
             the
             Paracide
             was
             fleade
             and
             hang'd
             upon
             a
             
             gibbet
             :
             In
             the
             horrid
             silence
             of
             his
             punishment
             more
             effectually
             expressing
             his
             owne
             treason
             and
             the
             Kings
             mercie
             .
          
           
             Before
             this
             holy
             Prince
             parted
             with
             his
             life
             ,
             by
             much
             penitence
             he
             parted
             with
             his
             sins
             .
             For
             highest
             courages
             fall
             lowest
             when
             overcome
             by
             supernaturall
             grace
             .
             And
             how
             vast
             a
             progresse
             toward
             heaven
             can
             a
             soule
             so
             illuminated
             make
             even
             in
             a
             moment
             ?
             For
             the
             immence
             bountie
             is
             not
             tyed
             to
             measure
             ,
             and
             how
             can
             the
             quantities
             
             of
             time
             prescribe
             to
             the
             Eternall
             ?
          
           
             His
             testament
             beares
             evidence
             to
             posteritie
             ,
             that
             his
             minde
             was
             no
             way
             dazel'd
             looking
             downe
             on
             death
             from
             the
             highest
             precipice
             of
             Empire
             .
             For
             discreetly
             he
             made
             distribution
             of
             his
             command
             and
             treasure
             :
             to
             
               John
            
             his
             brother
             ,
             he
             bequeath'd
             his
             Kingdome
             ,
             neglecting
             the
             weaker
             yeares
             of
             
               Arthur
               ,
            
             and
             having
             more
             regard
             to
             the
             peoples
             safety
             than
             the
             right
             of
             blood
             :
             To
             his
             Nephew
             (
             though
             
             then
             Emperor
             ,
             he
             left
             one
             part
             of
             his
             treasure
             ,
             the
             other
             to
             his
             servants
             ;
             and
             the
             third
             to
             the
             poore
             ,
             whom
             the
             wealthy
             never
             thinke
             their
             friends
             till
             death
             .
          
           
             His
             bodie
             hee
             disposed
             too
             ,
             though
             corruption
             still
             challengeth
             that
             legacie
             ,
             and
             commanded
             it
             at
             
               Fonteverard
            
             to
             be
             layd
             prostrate
             at
             his
             fathers
             feete
             ,
             that
             even
             after
             death
             hee
             might
             crave
             him
             pardon
             whom
             in
             life
             hee
             had
             unnaturally
             offended
             :
             To
             
               Roane
            
             in
             testimony
             of
             his
             
             love
             ,
             hee
             gave
             his
             heart
             ;
             that
             great
             undaunted
             heart
             ,
             which
             being
             more
             valiant
             than
             that
             of
             man
             ,
             and
             the
             heavenly
             spirits
             wanting
             proportion
             for
             the
             comparison
             was
             forc't
             to
             permit
             it selfe
             to
             bee
             call'd
             a
             Lyons
             heart
             .
             But
             his
             entrailes
             he
             bequeath'd
             to
             Poeters
             :
             to
             obrey'd
             it
             to
             posterity
             with
             its
             ingratitude
             ,
             as
             which
             by
             many
             treasons
             was
             rendred
             unworthy
             to
             receive
             any
             Nobler
             part
             of
             so
             great
             a
             Prince
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             The
             battell
             of
             Varna
             ,
             between
             Vladislaus
             King
             of
             Hungary
             ,
             and
             Amurath
             the
             sixt
             King
             of
             the
             Turkes
             ,
             1444.
             
          
           
             THe
             prevailing
             vertue
             of
             
               Iohn
               Huniades
            
             (
             the
             greatest
             Captaine
             of
             that
             age
             )
             by
             continuall
             victory
             humbled
             the
             proud
             Monarch
             of
             the
             
               Turke
            
             so
             low
             ,
             that
             peace
             was
             sued
             for
             to
             the
             Christians
             .
             Which
             
               Vladislaus
            
             condescended
             to
             ,
             imposing
             such
             conditions
             as
             if
             
             Fortune
             had
             made
             him
             Conquerour
             .
             And
             indeed
             it
             was
             sought
             with
             an
             earnestnesse
             ,
             so
             farre
             beneath
             their
             former
             arrogance
             :
             that
             it
             was
             receiv'd
             at
             first
             either
             as
             a
             high
             contempt
             or
             dangerous
             stratagem
             .
             But
             when
             time
             assured
             this
             overture
             to
             bee
             no
             counterfeite
             :
             
               Vladislaus
            
             demanded
             that
             
               Amurath
            
             should
             withdraw
             all
             his
             Forces
             and
             Garisons
             out
             of
             
               Servia
               ,
            
             and
             restore
             it
             to
             
               George
            
             the
             
               Despot
               :
            
             delivering
             with
             that
             Country
             to
             the
             long
             exil'd
             Prince
             his
             
             two
             sonnes
             ,
             whom
             the
             
               Turke
            
             kept
             prisoners
             ,
             and
             whose
             eyes
             in
             hatred
             to
             the
             father
             had
             beene
             put
             out
             .
             That
             he
             should
             never
             after
             make
             claime
             to
             
               Moldavia
            
             and
             
               Bulgaria
            
             which
             Countries
             the
             fate
             of
             the
             last
             warre
             had
             won
             to
             the
             Christians
             :
             That
             he
             should
             no
             way
             molest
             the
             
               Hungarians
            
             or
             invade
             any
             part
             of
             their
             dominions
             .
             And
             that
             hee
             might
             not
             onely
             part
             with
             territory
             ,
             but
             even
             with
             money
             to
             purchase
             this
             peace
             ,
             hee
             was
             to
             pay
             forty
             thousand
             
             Duckets
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             in
             recompence
             have
             
               Carambey
            
             his
             Bassa
             ,
             not
             long
             before
             taken
             prisoner
             by
             
               Huniades
            
             restored
             .
          
           
             This
             peace
             the
             most
             honourable
             that
             ever
             Christian
             Prince
             made
             with
             the
             
               Turkish
               Sultan
               ,
            
             was
             interpreted
             ill
             and
             
               Vladislaus
            
             thought
             rather
             to
             have
             sought
             his
             owne
             quiet
             ,
             than
             the
             glory
             of
             the
             Christian
             name
             .
             For
             in
             so
             high
             a
             tide
             of
             victory
             it
             could
             not
             be
             but
             a
             poore
             designe
             to
             secure
             his
             fortunes
             by
             treatie
             with
             an
             
             Infidell
             ,
             whom
             necessitie
             could
             onely
             make
             religious
             ,
             and
             whom
             want
             of
             power
             could
             onely
             preserve
             a
             friend
             .
          
           
             This
             consideration
             incited
             
               Iulian
            
             the
             Popes
             Legat
             ,
             and
             agent
             for
             other
             Christian
             Princes
             in
             this
             cause
             ,
             to
             perswade
             
               Vladislaus
            
             to
             repent
             his
             former
             peace
             ;
             and
             to
             settle
             his
             Conscience
             without
             scruple
             to
             prosecute
             the
             war
             .
             For
             what
             Religion
             could
             obleige
             him
             to
             preserve
             an
             oath
             of
             faith
             ,
             with
             him
             who
             onely
             endeavour'd
             
             by
             pretence
             of
             fidelity
             to
             entrap
             him
             ?
             Or
             why
             should
             a
             nice
             pietie
             hinder
             the
             growth
             of
             Religion
             ?
             Or
             to
             what
             purpose
             should
             only
             one
             party
             be
             obleig'd
             ,
             when
             experience
             instructed
             him
             that
             the
             
               Turke
            
             never
             swore
             but
             to
             tye
             the
             Christian
             and
             enlarge
             himselfe
             ?
             But
             now
             was
             it
             more
             than
             ever
             impious
             to
             have
             peace
             ,
             when
             all
             men
             concur'd
             to
             advance
             a
             warre
             so
             holy
             :
             where
             victory
             was
             an
             increase
             of
             Religion
             ,
             and
             even
             to
             be
             overcome
             the
             
             highest
             triumph
             of
             the
             soule
             ,
             since
             it
             assured
             a
             Martyrdome
             .
          
           
             And
             beside
             the
             assistance
             of
             heaven
             ,
             whose
             cause
             they
             fought
             ,
             and
             whose
             souldiers
             they
             were
             ;
             all
             polliticke
             regards
             concur'd
             to
             assertaine
             the
             ruine
             of
             the
             
               Ottoman
            
             Empyre
             :
             which
             not
             to
             doe
             upon
             the
             too
             tender
             conscience
             of
             a
             league
             ,
             was
             an
             injurious
             pietie
             ,
             which
             onely
             merited
             reproach
             for
             a
             reward
             .
             For
             
               Iohn
               Paleologus
            
             Emperour
             of
             the
             East
             ,
             was
             then
             prepared
             
             with
             mighty
             Forces
             ,
             and
             protested
             that
             in
             religion
             to
             the
             Christian
             cause
             ,
             hee
             had
             refused
             by
             making
             peace
             to
             endeavour
             his
             owne
             safety
             .
             Many
             Princes
             likewise
             of
             the
             
               Turkes
            
             invited
             the
             
               Hungarian
            
             to
             this
             warre
             ;
             desirous
             rather
             to
             abate
             the
             overgrowne
             Empire
             of
             
               Amurath
               ,
            
             then
             to
             continue
             the
             splendor
             of
             their
             Sect
             with
             danger
             to
             their
             state
             .
             For
             religion
             hath
             but
             a
             slender
             tye
             upon
             that
             soule
             ,
             which
             is
             over-ruled
             by
             ambition
             or
             private
             
             interest
             .
             And
             where
             maintenance
             of
             command
             was
             concern'd
             ;
             what
             wonder
             if
             
               Mahometans
            
             labour'd
             the
             Christians
             ,
             common
             enemies
             of
             their
             law
             into
             association
             ?
             Moreover
             all
             the
             States
             of
             
               Italy
            
             had
             prepared
             for
             the
             present
             warre
             ,
             sending
             their
             fleete
             into
             the
             
               Hellespont
            
             to
             joyn
             with
             the
             
               Grecian
            
             Emperour
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Turke
            
             on
             both
             sides
             assaulted
             might
             in
             neither
             meete
             with
             any
             thing
             but
             ruine
             .
          
           
             As
             for
             
               Amurath
            
             himselfe
             ;
             
             age
             and
             evill
             fortune
             had
             throwne
             him
             into
             despaire
             ,
             and
             that
             confin'd
             him
             to
             a
             solitude
             :
             where
             in
             an
             impious
             pietie
             with
             certaine
             Monkes
             ,
             counterfeite
             base
             coyne
             of
             the
             right
             Christian
             stampe
             ,
             he
             tyred
             his
             time
             away
             ,
             and
             expected
             an
             ugly
             death
             .
             The
             whole
             government
             of
             that
             usurped
             Empire
             ,
             now
             by
             resignation
             of
             the
             Father
             under
             
               Mahomet
            
             but
             fifteene
             yeares
             of
             age
             ,
             fitter
             for
             a
             Schoole
             and
             obedience
             to
             Tutors
             than
             the
             manage
             of
             warre
             
             against
             as
             able
             Souldiers
             as
             the
             most
             warlike
             age
             ever
             boasted
             .
          
           
             But
             these
             regards
             onely
             look'd
             on
             pollicie
             ;
             that
             which
             made
             the
             Conscience
             free
             from
             obligation
             to
             preserve
             this
             league
             Sacred
             ,
             was
             a
             former
             made
             with
             the
             Princes
             of
             Christendome
             .
             With
             whom
             to
             breake
             faith
             ,
             was
             Sacriligious
             ;
             and
             to
             maintaine
             it
             with
             an
             Infidell
             ,
             sinfull
             and
             ruinous
             .
             Vnlawfull
             oathes
             being
             vicious
             in
             the
             making
             ,
             but
             far
             more
             in
             the
             performance
             .
             Hee
             
             who
             sweares
             the
             burning
             of
             an
             Altar
             commits
             a
             crime
             :
             but
             his
             absolution
             comes
             farre
             easier
             if
             repentance
             make
             him
             perjured
             ,
             then
             if
             obstinacie
             render
             him
             sacrilegious
             .
          
           
             Easily
             was
             the
             conscience
             of
             
               Vladislaus
            
             untyed
             from
             his
             former
             league
             :
             the
             appetite
             of
             glory
             and
             extent
             of
             Empire
             oftentimes
             taking
             as
             soone
             away
             all
             scruple
             from
             the
             soule
             ,
             as
             the
             most
             sober
             resolution
             of
             Divines
             .
             For
             
               Huniades
            
             (
             upon
             whose
             valour
             and
             fortune
             the
             
             successe
             of
             the
             warre
             depended
             )
             had
             promise
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             of
             
               Bulgaria
               :
            
             and
             who
             not
             miraculously
             awed
             by
             vertue
             ,
             will
             not
             endanger
             to
             bee
             but
             a
             bad
             Christian
             to
             become
             a
             powerfull
             Monarch
             ?
             The
             
               Despot
            
             of
             
               Servia
            
             had
             his
             hopes
             too
             ,
             of
             a
             more
             setled
             principalitie
             ,
             and
             some
             extent
             of
             power
             ;
             and
             that
             made
             his
             Religion
             which
             never
             much
             troubled
             his
             preferment
             ;
             dispence
             with
             an
             oath
             ,
             himselfe
             had
             beene
             the
             chiefe
             actor
             to
             worke
             
               Vladislaus
            
             to
             .
             But
             
             above
             all
             
               Scanderbeg
            
             that
             miracle
             of
             true
             and
             happie
             courage
             animated
             to
             this
             warre
             :
             promising
             to
             bring
             30000.
             
             Souldiers
             both
             for
             strength
             of
             body
             and
             observation
             of
             Discipline
             excelling
             the
             most
             famed
             of
             Europe
             .
          
           
             This
             joynt
             power
             ,
             in
             so
             much
             security
             of
             
               Amurath
            
             precipitated
             
               Vladislaus
            
             into
             warre
             ,
             which
             he
             managed
             with
             as
             much
             good
             order
             and
             secrecie
             ,
             as
             a
             businesse
             so
             generall
             could
             admit
             .
             For
             first
             present
             notice
             was
             given
             to
             the
             
             
               Italian
            
             fleete
             now
             in
             the
             
               Helespont
               ,
            
             that
             it
             should
             no
             way
             retire
             upon
             any
             rumour
             of
             peace
             .
             Then
             was
             it
             mutually
             agreed
             that
             
               Scanderbeg
            
             should
             at
             an
             appointed
             day
             meete
             in
             
               Servia
               ,
            
             and
             there
             both
             Armies
             joyne
             in
             the
             common
             cause
             .
          
           
             The
             season
             of
             the
             yeare
             might
             have
             deter'd
             any
             man
             ,
             from
             this
             attempt
             in
             the
             depth
             of
             winter
             .
             Considering
             whē
             the
             King
             was
             come
             into
             
               Bulgaria
               ,
            
             and
             had
             numbred
             his
             men
             ;
             
               Dracula
               Vayvod
            
             of
             
               Valachia
            
             
             disswaded
             any
             farther
             progresse
             into
             that
             Country
             ,
             
               Scanderbeg
            
             not
             yet
             come
             with
             his
             Forces
             ,
             being
             in
             command
             of
             an
             enemie
             ,
             who
             used
             often
             to
             Hauke
             ,
             with
             a
             retinue
             more
             populous
             than
             his
             Armie
             .
             But
             ambition
             and
             presumption
             grounded
             on
             former
             good
             successe
             ,
             deafen'd
             him
             to
             sober
             councell
             :
             so
             that
             he
             went
             on
             as
             if
             heaven
             had
             beene
             tyed
             by
             miracle
             still
             to
             come
             downe
             to
             his
             succour
             ,
             Which
             obstinacie
             when
             
               Dracula
            
             perceiv'd
             he
             presented
             
             the
             King
             with
             two
             lustie
             young
             men
             to
             bee
             his
             guides
             through
             the
             Country
             ,
             and
             two
             swift
             horses
             to
             serve
             him
             for
             flight
             upon
             the
             worst
             of
             fortune
             :
             desiring
             his
             Majestie
             since
             contrary
             to
             his
             long
             experience
             hee
             violently
             was
             carried
             into
             so
             inevitable
             a
             danger
             ,
             that
             he
             would
             accept
             that
             gift
             which
             might
             bee
             of
             advantage
             if
             that
             happen'd
             ,
             the
             very
             thought
             whereof
             he
             trembled
             at
             :
             But
             withall
             he
             prayd
             that
             this
             present
             might
             prove
             to
             be
             given
             
             to
             vaine
             ,
             whereby
             his
             prayers
             would
             appeare
             to
             have
             taken
             effect
             .
          
           
             But
             no
             ill
             aboding
             language
             abated
             his
             confidence
             :
             and
             Religion
             which
             before
             deter'd
             ,
             now
             gave
             courage
             :
             for
             what
             at
             first
             was
             held
             a
             resolution
             doubtfull
             to
             Conscience
             ,
             became
             from
             dispensable
             to
             be
             lawfull
             ,
             and
             in
             fine
             meritorious
             .
             So
             uncertaine
             is
             the
             judgement
             of
             man
             ;
             that
             frequently
             those
             designes
             ,
             which
             carry
             the
             deformity
             of
             sinne
             at
             the
             first
             sight
             ,
             become
             by
             long
             
             acquaintance
             of
             the
             eye
             ,
             amiable
             ,
             and
             win
             upon
             us
             by
             the
             apparencie
             of
             vertue
             .
             Mistake
             either
             deluding
             in
             the
             first
             encounter
             ;
             or
             errour
             betraying
             upon
             a
             long
             discourse
             .
             For
             practise
             of
             sinne
             begets
             confidence
             ,
             and
             when
             punishment
             wants
             swiftnesse
             in
             the
             execution
             ,
             it
             loseth
             by
             little
             and
             little
             upon
             the
             beleefe
             .
          
           
             The
             noyse
             of
             this
             Armie
             weaken'd
             
               Amurath
            
             out
             of
             his
             devout
             dreame
             ;
             and
             fearing
             his
             enemie
             might
             force
             him
             to
             that
             
             solitude
             ,
             hee
             voluntarily
             had
             undertooke
             ,
             againe
             he
             entred
             upon
             the
             government
             .
             Which
             hee
             found
             running
             into
             disorder
             by
             the
             weake
             age
             of
             
               Mahomet
               ;
            
             no
             just
             title
             or
             hopefull
             youth
             creating
             authority
             to
             that
             Prince
             ,
             who
             wants
             vertue
             to
             make
             his
             subjects
             beleeve
             him
             their
             superiour
             .
             
               Amurath
            
             suddenly
             gathered
             in
             
               Asia
            
             a
             vast
             power
             ,
             and
             presently
             marcheth
             to
             transport
             it
             into
             Europe
             .
             Two
             parts
             of
             the
             world
             being
             brought
             together
             
             to
             decide
             the
             great
             quarrell
             betweene
             these
             two
             Princes
             .
             But
             the
             
               Hellespont
            
             was
             stopt
             by
             the
             
               Popes
            
             and
             the
             
               Venetian
            
             Gallies
             ;
             and
             the
             distracted
             
               Turke
            
             began
             to
             feare
             his
             command
             was
             to
             be
             imprisoned
             in
             the
             third
             part
             of
             the
             then
             knowne
             earth
             .
             To
             enlarge
             himselfe
             he
             marcht
             by
             the
             sea
             side
             up
             the
             
               Streights
            
             of
             
               Bosphorus
               ;
            
             where
             hee
             found
             the
             Marchant
             ships
             of
             
               Genoway
               ,
            
             ready
             to
             trafficke
             with
             him
             :
             who
             transported
             his
             Armie
             ,
             selling
             Europe
             for
             a
             hundred
             
             thousand
             Duckets
             .
             Though
             some
             lay
             this
             crime
             to
             the
             
               Graecians
               ,
            
             who
             were
             possest
             of
             the
             strong
             holds
             upon
             the
             
               Bosphorus
               ,
            
             and
             whose
             faith
             the
             
               Turks
            
             gold
             corrupted
             so
             farre
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             event
             every
             man
             became
             a
             Traytor
             to
             himselfe
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Turkish
            
             Armie
             past
             the
             
               Streights
               ,
            
             the
             King
             of
             
               Hungary
            
             began
             to
             prophecie
             danger
             and
             intreate
             advice
             .
             Those
             violent
             Spirits
             who
             disdain'd
             the
             enemie
             a
             farre
             off
             ,
             approaching
             now
             somewhat
             
             neere
             ,
             too
             much
             over-valued
             him
             .
             Passion
             ,
             like
             some
             
               Opticke
            
             glasse
             ,
             that
             presents
             a
             man
             at
             one
             end
             a
             Pigmie
             ,
             at
             the
             other
             a
             Gyant
             ,
             never
             faithfully
             informing
             the
             understanding
             .
             They
             who
             with
             most
             swiftnesse
             had
             ranne
             thus
             farre
             ,
             wanted
             not
             now
             the
             same
             motion
             to
             carry
             them
             backe
             .
             And
             the
             King
             though
             hee
             never
             fail'd
             in
             courage
             ,
             was
             not
             unwilling
             to
             have
             provided
             for
             his
             safety
             ,
             with
             some
             hazard
             of
             his
             honour
             .
             But
             the
             brave
             
               Huniades
            
             opposed
             ,
             
             and
             let
             him
             know
             that
             the
             number
             of
             the
             
               Turke
            
             was
             over-macht
             by
             the
             courage
             of
             the
             Christian
             ;
             and
             that
             the
             Almighty
             ,
             who
             disposeth
             victory
             ,
             delighted
             in
             so
             just
             a
             cause
             to
             appropriate
             the
             honour
             of
             the
             day
             to
             his
             owne
             power
             .
             That
             the
             happie
             course
             of
             their
             attempts
             hitherto
             had
             instructed
             them
             ,
             how
             feeble
             that
             enemie
             is
             ,
             and
             how
             weak
             arm'd
             ,
             who
             brings
             to
             the
             battle
             the
             inward
             horrour
             of
             a
             wicked
             conscience
             That
             they
             with
             whom
             
             now
             the
             conflict
             was
             to
             bee
             ,
             were
             no
             other
             but
             those
             effoeminate
             slaves
             ,
             who
             had
             yeelded
             to
             the
             
               Hungarians
            
             still
             matter
             of
             triumph
             .
          
           
             
               Vladislaus
            
             was
             not
             uneasie
             to
             be
             perswaded
             to
             danger
             ,
             and
             when
             he
             perceiv'd
             there
             was
             no
             retreate
             but
             must
             suffer
             the
             scandall
             of
             flight
             ,
             hee
             resolv'd
             his
             life
             to
             want
             weight
             ,
             if
             put
             into
             the
             scale
             with
             honour
             .
             He
             left
             therefore
             the
             order
             of
             the
             battle
             to
             
               Huniades
               ;
            
             who
             to
             frustrate
             the
             advantage
             ,
             the
             
               Turkes
            
             had
             in
             
             number
             order'd
             his
             Army
             so
             that
             on
             side
             was
             a
             marsh
             ,
             on
             the
             other
             the
             Carriages
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             back
             a
             steepe
             hill
             .
             Thus
             out
             of
             danger
             to
             be
             encompassed
             by
             the
             multitude
             of
             his
             enemie
             he
             entertain'd
             the
             battle
             ;
             and
             perform'd
             so
             well
             the
             part
             of
             a
             great
             Commander
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Turkes
            
             began
             to
             despaire
             and
             the
             Christians
             to
             presume
             of
             victory
             :
             when
             old
             
               Amurath
            
             seeing
             his
             souldiers
             ready
             to
             flye
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             example
             of
             former
             overthrowes
             misdoubting
             
             the
             present
             fight
             ,
             pull'd
             out
             of
             his
             bosome
             the
             League
             of
             late
             enter'd
             into
             ,
             and
             solemnely
             sworne
             by
             
               Vladislaus
               ,
            
             and
             holding
             it
             in
             his
             hand
             with
             his
             eye
             fixt
             upon
             the
             Crucifixe
             (
             which
             the
             voluntary
             Christians
             bore
             for
             their
             ensigne
             )
             cryed
             out
             to
             Christ
             to
             revenge
             the
             perjurie
             of
             his
             people
             ,
             who
             vvithout
             just
             cause
             had
             violated
             the
             faith
             they
             in
             his
             name
             had
             given
             ,
             and
             to
             shevv
             himselfe
             a
             God
             novv
             his
             honour
             vvas
             concern'd
             .
          
           
           
             The
             prosperitie
             that
             so
             flatter'd
             the
             Christians
             began
             through
             the
             disorder
             of
             the
             Clergie
             men
             ,
             and
             over
             confidence
             of
             the
             zealous
             souldier
             on
             the
             suddaine
             to
             change
             and
             the
             King
             engaged
             by
             too
             much
             courage
             among
             the
             thickest
             of
             the
             
               Ianizares
            
             vvas
             slaine
             ,
             and
             vvith
             him
             the
             glory
             of
             the
             day
             fell
             to
             the
             enemie
             .
             For
             his
             head
             fixt
             upon
             a
             Lance
             ,
             being
             presently
             shevved
             a
             spectacle
             of
             terrour
             ,
             the
             
               Hungarians
            
             vvho
             should
             have
             dravvne
             revenge
             
             from
             so
             barbarous
             an
             object
             ,
             lost
             all
             courage
             :
             As
             if
             Religion
             to
             God
             had
             not
             equally
             animated
             them
             ,
             with
             the
             zeale
             they
             owed
             the
             Prince
             .
             But
             there
             is
             a
             strange
             kinde
             of
             more
             than
             humane
             vertue
             in
             the
             presence
             of
             a
             King
             ,
             who
             as
             the
             soule
             quickens
             the
             body
             of
             an
             Armie
             ;
             which
             if
             he
             miscarries
             becomes
             an
             unactive
             dead
             lumpe
             .
             A
             King
             whose
             presence
             is
             vitall
             heate
             to
             the
             loyall
             but
             lightning
             to
             the
             Rebellious
             .
          
           
             
               Huniades
            
             by
             flight
             reserved
             
             himselfe
             to
             farther
             fortune
             :
             but
             
               Iulian
            
             perisht
             there
             lesse
             wounded
             by
             the
             enemies
             cymiters
             than
             the
             reproaches
             of
             the
             Christians
             ,
             who
             obrayded
             him
             to
             have
             perswaded
             with
             breach
             of
             league
             ;
             to
             enter
             into
             this
             fatall
             war
             .
             Which
             had
             it
             ended
             in
             victory
             the
             world
             would
             have
             said
             that
             Christ
             disdain'd
             to
             regulate
             successe
             according
             to
             the
             vaine
             invocation
             of
             
               Amurath
               ,
            
             and
             that
             it
             Religion
             is
             not
             so
             ruinous
             to
             it selfe
             ,
             as
             to
             command
             observation
             of
             
             faith
             with
             a
             faithlesse
             enemie
             ,
             whose
             very
             law
             enlargeth
             him
             to
             perjurie
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             losse
             of
             Constantinople
             of
             the
             Turke
             .
          
           
             THe
             great
             City
             ,
             Mistis
             of
             the
             Easterne
             World
             ,
             which
             gloried
             in
             bearing
             the
             name
             of
             
               Constantine
            
             the
             Great
             ,
             was
             now
             after
             eleven
             hundred
             yeares
             commanded
             by
             another
             
               Constantine
               .
            
             But
             age
             and
             fortune
             made
             it
             now
             the
             common
             pitty
             ,
             which
             had
             beene
             the
             envie
             
             of
             all
             the
             most
             Noble
             townes
             of
             the
             habitable
             earth
             .
             For
             Cities
             like
             humane
             bodies
             have
             their
             diseases
             ,
             and
             death
             is
             their
             fate
             ,
             cruell
             to
             them
             as
             us
             .
             The
             vast
             extent
             of
             its
             command
             was
             streightned
             to
             a
             small
             circuit
             ;
             and
             it
             appear'd
             onely
             its
             owne
             monument
             :
             serving
             the
             Inhabitants
             for
             an
             empty
             boast
             ,
             and
             strangers
             for
             History
             .
             It
             had
             beene
             often
             attempted
             by
             the
             
               Turkish
            
             power
             ,
             who
             disdain'd
             the
             Christians
             even
             a
             titular
             Empire
             ,
             having
             forc't
             
             away
             all
             those
             large
             Provinces
             ,
             that
             heretofore
             preserv'd
             it
             formidable
             .
          
           
             
               Mahomet
               ,
            
             was
             now
             enterd
             upon
             the
             
               Turkish
            
             government
             and
             the
             Neighbouring
             Christians
             ,
             were
             comforted
             in
             the
             change
             :
             
               Amurath
            
             the
             father
             having
             assured
             them
             ,
             by
             a
             long
             cruell
             Reigne
             ,
             that
             no
             Prince
             could
             succeede
             more
             dangerous
             .
             Moreover
             this
             new
             King
             ,
             was
             by
             the
             Mother
             a
             Christian
             which
             gave
             them
             hope
             (
             who
             were
             willing
             to
             entertaine
             any
             )
             that
             his
             
             youth
             had
             receiv'd
             good
             impressions
             of
             Religion
             .
             But
             he
             soone
             assured
             the
             world
             that
             his
             blood
             by
             the
             mixture
             was
             growne
             so
             impure
             ,
             that
             it
             rejected
             all
             thought
             of
             a
             Divinitie
             that
             might
             curbe
             it
             ,
             when
             invited
             either
             by
             lust
             or
             ambition
             .
             And
             hee
             hath
             left
             it
             disputable
             to
             Posteritie
             to
             the
             tyrannie
             of
             whether
             passion
             he
             more
             slavered
             himselfe
             .
             But
             the
             latter
             was
             of
             farre
             worse
             consequence
             :
             which
             perswaded
             him
             as
             soone
             to
             attempt
             the
             ruine
             of
             
               Constantinople
               ,
            
             
             as
             he
             enter'd
             on
             his
             owne
             Kingdome
             .
             It
             being
             a
             Law
             enacted
             by
             the
             unruly
             pride
             of
             that
             family
             ,
             not
             to
             beleeve
             their
             command
             glorious
             unlesse
             unjust
             ;
             as
             if
             Rapine
             and
             injurie
             were
             the
             two
             supports
             of
             Empire
             .
          
           
             At
             first
             hee
             entertain'd
             friendship
             with
             the
             Christians
             :
             having
             two
             regards
             ,
             revenge
             and
             treason
             .
             The
             King
             of
             
               Caramania
            
             had
             provoked
             his
             rage
             ,
             in
             wanting
             patience
             to
             smile
             when
             he
             was
             injured
             :
             whose
             punishment
             
             was
             the
             first
             resolution
             of
             his
             government
             .
             And
             this
             dissembled
             friendship
             was
             the
             easiest
             way
             to
             worke
             the
             Christians
             to
             securitie
             ;
             which
             would
             be
             a
             charme
             to
             make
             them
             dreame
             of
             safety
             .
             But
             they
             soone
             found
             themselves
             betray'd
             for
             
               Mahomet
            
             was
             no
             sooner
             releas'd
             from
             the
             designe
             of
             his
             revenge
             ,
             but
             presently
             resolv'd
             on
             his
             ambition
             .
             
               Constantinople
            
             was
             prepared
             against
             ,
             and
             with
             the
             more
             fierce
             desire
             :
             In
             regard
             the
             conquest
             would
             not
             only
             possesse
             
             him
             of
             the
             most
             Imperiall
             Citie
             of
             the
             world
             ,
             but
             raise
             him
             above
             the
             victories
             of
             his
             Father
             and
             Grand-father
             
               Bazazet
               ,
            
             who
             in
             vaine
             had
             attempted
             it
             .
             In
             which
             contention
             
               Mahomet
            
             shewed
             that
             having
             no
             competitor
             for
             greatnesse
             among
             the
             living
             ,
             he
             was
             forc't
             to
             rivall
             with
             the
             most
             eminent
             conquerours
             of
             the
             dead
             .
             And
             no
             family
             producing
             spirits
             worthy
             enough
             ,
             he
             was
             constrain'd
             to
             contest
             with
             his
             own
             :
             by
             out-shining
             the
             glories
             
             of
             his
             Ancestors
             ,
             to
             make
             his
             memory
             the
             wonder
             of
             all
             History
             ,
             and
             the
             envie
             of
             posterite
             .
          
           
             The
             Spring
             opening
             the
             wayes
             for
             an
             Armie
             hee
             gather'd
             three
             hundred
             thousand
             Souldiers
             ;
             the
             least
             part
             of
             which
             were
             the
             naturall
             
               Turkes
               ,
            
             or
             renegades
             :
             Christians
             were
             the
             maine
             bulke
             of
             that
             fatall
             body
             ,
             and
             they
             onely
             such
             whom
             his
             command
             and
             tyrannie
             enforced
             to
             the
             most
             unjust
             executions
             ,
             but
             voluntaries
             out
             of
             
               Germanie
               ,
               Hungary
               ,
            
             
             and
             
               Bohemia
               ,
            
             whom
             hope
             of
             prey
             and
             entertainement
             invited
             to
             betray
             the
             honour
             of
             their
             Religion
             .
             Men
             who
             coveted
             the
             warres
             to
             satisfie
             their
             Avarize
             by
             Rapine
             ,
             having
             no
             honest
             wayes
             to
             subsist
             :
             Men
             who
             beleev'd
             their
             soules
             as
             temporary
             as
             their
             bodies
             ,
             and
             who
             mockt
             their
             Saviour
             by
             carrying
             his
             name
             ,
             when
             they
             fought
             against
             his
             cause
             .
             Men
             whose
             memory
             is
             onely
             safe
             in
             an
             eternall
             darknesse
             .
          
           
             The
             poore
             Emperour
             
             
               Constantine
               ,
            
             having
             no
             treasure
             and
             therefore
             no
             friends
             ;
             sought
             by
             his
             Ambassadors
             to
             the
             Princes
             of
             the
             West
             ,
             to
             move
             them
             by
             Religious
             compassion
             to
             participate
             his
             dangers
             .
             But
             they
             had
             their
             quarrells
             at
             home
             ,
             hopes
             to
             encroach
             upon
             their
             Neighbours
             territory
             :
             Jealosie
             of
             anothers
             growing
             power
             :
             Subjects
             not
             perfectly
             regulated
             to
             obedience
             :
             and
             other
             small
             excuses
             begot
             a
             ruinous
             neglect
             of
             the
             common
             cause
             .
             With
             much
             solicitation
             
             the
             Pope
             ,
             the
             King
             of
             
               Naples
               ,
            
             and
             the
             state
             of
             
               Venice
            
             condiscended
             to
             furnish
             out
             thirtie
             Gallies
             in
             defence
             of
             that
             place
             ,
             for
             which
             what
             Christian
             should
             not
             blush
             ,
             not
             to
             have
             hazarded
             a
             life
             ?
             But
             this
             assistance
             was
             no
             more
             remedie
             than
             trecherous
             comfort
             of
             a
             Phisitian
             to
             a
             patient
             past
             all
             cure
             :
             For
             it
             onely
             serv'd
             to
             please
             the
             imagination
             of
             the
             wretched
             Emperour
             ;
             who
             like
             a
             man
             now
             drowning
             was
             willing
             to
             catch
             at
             every
             smallest
             
             hold
             .
             For
             this
             ayde
             ,
             which
             could
             not
             have
             beene
             of
             strength
             to
             resist
             such
             an
             opposition
             ,
             fail'd
             him
             too
             .
          
           
             But
             what
             title
             had
             the
             
               Graecians
            
             to
             complaine
             the
             neglect
             of
             strangers
             ,
             who
             were
             so
             cruell
             to
             themselves
             ?
             In
             the
             publicke
             danger
             ,
             every
             man
             threw
             the
             care
             of
             his
             safetie
             on
             his
             Prince
             ,
             yet
             tax'd
             his
             want
             of
             providence
             ;
             grumbled
             against
             his
             smallest
             impositions
             ;
             and
             denied
             supply
             when
             instructed
             in
             their
             perills
             :
             no
             man
             
             conceiving
             himselfe
             interessed
             to
             support
             the
             falling
             Empire
             ,
             though
             certaine
             to
             be
             over-whelm'd
             by
             it
             .
             If
             declaration
             were
             made
             of
             
               Turkish
            
             Forces
             levied
             ,
             it
             was
             presently
             suspected
             a
             state
             bug-beare
             to
             surprize
             the
             people
             with
             unnecessary
             feares
             .
             If
             the
             enemie
             took
             the
             field
             ,
             the
             Emperour
             was
             calumniated
             of
             underhand
             confederacies
             .
             If
             upon
             undeniable
             appearence
             of
             invasion
             ,
             contribution
             for
             defence
             was
             required
             ;
             the
             over
             politickes
             whisper'd
             it
             nothing
             
             but
             a
             State-ambush
             to
             seize
             unawares
             without
             Legall
             Order
             ,
             the
             treasure
             of
             the
             Empire
             .
             Thus
             when
             a
             Kingdomes
             sinnes
             have
             procured
             an
             universall
             desolation
             by
             the
             just
             sentence
             of
             the
             eternall
             Iudge
             :
             the
             delinquent
             is
             blinded
             by
             his
             vices
             ,
             and
             becomes
             his
             owne
             executioner
             .
          
           
             Already
             vvas
             
               Mahomet
               ,
            
             Master
             of
             one
             of
             ther
             elements
             the
             vvater
             paying
             him
             tribute
             .
             For
             before
             he
             layd
             siege
             to
             the
             Citie
             he
             built
             such
             strengths
             
             upon
             the
             
               Streights
            
             of
             
               Bosphorus
               ,
            
             that
             the
             rich
             trading
             to
             
               Caffa
            
             and
             other
             Ports
             upon
             the
             
               Euxin
            
             sea
             was
             interdixted
             .
             So
             that
             the
             Empire
             acknowledg'd
             a
             maime
             ,
             the
             Merchant
             disabled
             to
             furnish
             the
             Exchequer
             with
             the
             former
             customes
             .
             And
             the
             insolent
             
               Turke
               ,
            
             grew
             wealthy
             by
             frequent
             surprize
             of
             such
             vessells
             ,
             which
             to
             their
             owne
             repentance
             and
             ruine
             continued
             traffique
             .
             For
             what
             dangers
             threatned
             by
             a
             remorselesse
             enemie
             ,
             and
             a
             more
             
             cruell
             sea
             can
             deterre
             the
             covetous
             ?
          
           
             The
             enemie
             drawing
             neere
             the
             Citie
             ,
             the
             Emperour
             in
             haste
             made
             levie
             of
             what
             Forces
             hee
             could
             in
             so
             short
             a
             time
             and
             so
             great
             a
             danger
             .
             Sixe
             thousand
             
               Graecians
            
             he
             prest
             ,
             in
             whom
             he
             hoped
             the
             sence
             of
             liberty
             would
             quicken
             the
             sence
             of
             honour
             :
             and
             three
             thousand
             
               Venetians
               ,
               Genowayes
               ,
            
             and
             other
             of
             Europe
             he
             entertain'd
             ;
             making
             choyce
             of
             
               Iustinianus
            
             an
             adventurer
             of
             
               Genoa
               ,
            
             (
             who
             with
             two
             tall
             ships
             
             man'd
             with
             foure
             hundred
             Souldiers
             ,
             having
             scowred
             the
             Seas
             by
             accident
             ,
             came
             to
             
               Constantinople
               )
            
             to
             be
             Generall
             of
             all
             the
             Forces
             destin'd
             for
             the
             last
             defence
             of
             that
             Empire
             .
          
           
             And
             certainely
             while
             the
             least
             probabilitie
             of
             successe
             gave
             life
             to
             courage
             ,
             no
             man
             perform'd
             more
             acts
             of
             great
             direction
             and
             admirable
             resolution
             .
             But
             when
             fortune
             absolutely
             forsooke
             the
             Citie
             ;
             he
             forgot
             his
             Spirit
             ;
             and
             gave
             proofe
             to
             
             the
             World
             ,
             that
             no
             humane
             vetue
             can
             long
             triumph
             over
             ruine
             ,
             unlesse
             by
             heaven
             miraculously
             supported
             .
          
           
             For
             while
             there
             was
             any
             sparke
             glowing
             of
             the
             ancient
             Roman
             fire
             ,
             with
             which
             the
             Citie
             first
             became
             the
             glory
             of
             the
             East
             ;
             
               Iustinius
            
             made
             victory
             incline
             from
             the
             vast
             
               Turkish
            
             multitude
             to
             the
             defendants
             ,
             strong
             onely
             in
             honour
             of
             that
             cause
             they
             were
             to
             fight
             .
             So
             farre
             did
             courage
             despise
             number
             ,
             that
             
               Mahomet
            
             enter'd
             into
             
             sober
             councell
             ,
             whether
             the
             attempt
             might
             not
             end
             in
             losse
             :
             and
             the
             chiefe
             
               Bassa
            
             perswaded
             safetie
             in
             a
             retreate
             ,
             by
             the
             example
             of
             his
             great
             progenenitors
             .
             But
             emulation
             in
             the
             inferiour
             
               Bassas
            
             urged
             young
             
               Mahomet
            
             to
             danger
             ,
             to
             which
             the
             ambition
             of
             a
             proud
             nature
             violently
             forced
             him
             .
             As
             if
             heaven
             had
             forsooke
             the
             defence
             of
             whatever
             place
             ,
             the
             lust
             of
             his
             pride
             had
             desire
             to
             violate
             .
          
           
             And
             indeede
             such
             fortune
             at
             that
             time
             prosper'd
             
             mischiefe
             that
             the
             Earth
             appear'd
             abandon'd
             to
             his
             tyrannie
             .
             For
             when
             the
             vast
             labour
             of
             this
             seige
             threatned
             the
             
               Turkes
            
             to
             expire
             in
             reproach
             of
             the
             Assailants
             :
             the
             Haven
             keeping
             one
             side
             of
             the
             Citie
             secure
             from
             ruine
             ,
             and
             open
             to
             releefe
             ,
             in
             regard
             a
             strong
             chaine
             ,
             and
             many
             great
             shippesbarr'd
             the
             enemies
             fleete
             all
             admittance
             .
             A
             Christian
             ,
             wittie
             to
             invent
             highest
             treason
             against
             that
             Majestie
             his
             professision
             obleig'd
             him
             
             to
             observe
             ,
             instructed
             the
             
               Turke
            
             upon
             certaine
             engines
             ,
             by
             Land
             ,
             to
             conveigh
             his
             Navie
             into
             the
             Port
             of
             
               Constantinople
               .
            
             Which
             passage
             opposite
             both
             to
             Nature
             and
             Religion
             ;
             extended
             first
             to
             the
             terrour
             ,
             then
             to
             the
             overthrow
             of
             the
             poore
             defendants
             .
             Who
             perceiving
             the
             Earth
             made
             Navigable
             ,
             and
             the
             enemies
             vessels
             to
             saile
             upon
             dry
             land
             ;
             became
             astonisht
             and
             submitted
             their
             courages
             to
             the
             miracle
             of
             that
             power
             which
             triumpht
             o're
             
             the
             Elements
             .
          
           
             Yet
             in
             the
             hourely
             expectation
             of
             death
             ,
             the
             wretched
             inhabitants
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             omitted
             not
             the
             trades
             of
             life
             :
             and
             the
             enemie
             readie
             even
             to
             make
             prey
             of
             all
             their
             substance
             ;
             the
             Merchant
             busied
             his
             thoughts
             in
             continuance
             of
             his
             bargaines
             ,
             and
             congratulated
             the
             smallest
             gaine
             :
             the
             builder
             rais'd
             up
             his
             glorious
             piles
             ,
             as
             if
             not
             threatned
             to
             bee
             his
             monument
             ;
             and
             the
             rich
             man
             reckon'd
             upon
             the
             unnaturall
             generation
             of
             
             his
             monies
             ,
             as
             if
             no
             insolent
             theefe
             endanger'd
             the
             principall
             .
             For
             though
             the
             Emperour
             fearing
             so
             fierce
             a
             warre
             from
             the
             most
             formidable
             Prince
             of
             the
             earth
             ,
             labour'd
             to
             make
             his
             peace
             with
             heaven
             by
             prayers
             and
             fasts
             ,
             and
             all
             those
             humble
             acts
             to
             which
             ancient
             pietie
             instructs
             us
             ;
             yet
             no
             commanded
             devotion
             could
             expiate
             the
             vices
             of
             a
             licencious
             Citie
             ,
             some
             fondly
             beleeving
             it
             a
             point
             of
             valour
             to
             dare
             ,
             in
             so
             visible
             a
             danger
             to
             be
             vicious
             :
             
             As
             if
             there
             were
             a
             cowardize
             so
             abject
             ,
             as
             that
             captivates
             the
             minde
             to
             sinne
             .
          
           
             While
             any
             hope
             remain'd
             ,
             the
             Emperour
             disdain'd
             to
             give
             his
             courage
             over
             to
             despaire
             :
             and
             exhorted
             the
             tradesman
             to
             forsake
             unseasonable
             labour
             to
             worke
             his
             owne
             defence
             :
             who
             fullenly
             made
             answere
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             to
             no
             purpose
             to
             fight
             upon
             the
             walls
             ,
             and
             afterward
             to
             starve
             in
             his
             house
             .
             And
             the
             Corne
             masters
             ,
             upon
             a
             generall
             complaint
             
             for
             want
             of
             bread
             ,
             brought
             their
             graine
             in
             to
             the
             Emperour
             to
             be
             divided
             indifferently
             among
             the
             people
             ,
             with
             so
             averse
             a
             minde
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             design'd
             it
             onely
             to
             supply
             the
             enemie
             ,
             when
             at
             his
             entrance
             into
             the
             Towne
             ,
             they
             were
             to
             be
             enroul'd
             his
             slaves
             .
             But
             the
             private
             wealth
             of
             the
             inhabitants
             was
             on
             no
             conditions
             to
             be
             borrowed
             in
             the
             generall
             cause
             ,
             every
             man
             desirous
             to
             admit
             the
             barbarous
             insolencies
             of
             a
             new
             government
             ;
             rather
             than
             
             to
             part
             with
             that
             treasure
             ,
             which
             they
             were
             shortly
             for
             ever
             to
             forseite
             ,
             and
             which
             then
             well
             order'd
             might
             have
             prevented
             so
             famed
             a
             desolation
             .
             But
             the
             Emperour
             at
             so
             sad
             a
             necessitie
             ,
             for
             got
             the
             ceremonies
             of
             Religion
             ,
             and
             made
             bold
             with
             the
             wealth
             of
             Churches
             ,
             to
             pay
             the
             Christian
             Souldier
             ,
             least
             it
             might
             be
             destinated
             to
             a
             more
             prophane
             abuse
             .
          
           
             But
             no
             endevours
             could
             support
             an
             Empire
             ruin'd
             by
             the
             battery
             of
             an
             over-powerfull
             
             enemie
             ,
             and
             undermin'd
             by
             its
             owne
             vices
             .
             For
             the
             
               Turke
            
             made
             frequent
             breaches
             ,
             and
             gain'd
             even
             when
             repulst
             with
             losse
             :
             for
             if
             the
             slaughter
             of
             five
             
               Turkes
            
             procured
             the
             death
             of
             one
             Christian
             (
             considering
             the
             inequalitie
             of
             the
             number
             )
             yet
             had
             the
             Emperour
             justice
             to
             complaine
             .
             For
             his
             men
             lost
             were
             irrecoverable
             ;
             whereas
             the
             Infidell
             (
             as
             
               Cadmus
            
             is
             fabled
             )
             seem'd
             to
             have
             sowed
             the
             dragons
             teeth
             upon
             any
             repulse
             ,
             new
             armed
             
             men
             growing
             up
             out
             of
             the
             earth
             in
             his
             defence
             .
          
           
             Frequent
             assaults
             on
             every
             side
             brought
             the
             Citie
             to
             hope
             no
             honour
             but
             in
             ruine
             :
             for
             to
             servive
             it selfe
             and
             become
             the
             seate
             of
             blasphemie
             ;
             were
             to
             resemble
             the
             punishment
             of
             a
             soul
             in
             hell
             ,
             &
             grow
             more
             miserable
             than
             not
             to
             be
             :
             That
             subsistance
             far
             more
             horrid
             than
             to
             suffer
             the
             labourer
             to
             plough
             up
             the
             rubbish
             of
             the
             most
             envied
             Pallaces
             .
             But
             this
             happinesse
             was
             denyed
             ,
             a
             long
             continuance
             
             in
             vice
             prepared
             the
             way
             to
             the
             most
             powerfull
             impietie
             ,
             that
             ever
             swayd
             the
             world
             .
             This
             Citie
             like
             a
             ship
             overcome
             by
             tempests
             .
             yeelded
             at
             length
             to
             a
             Sea
             of
             enemies
             which
             enter'd
             through
             the
             breaches
             ,
             and
             suncke
             it
             for
             ever
             .
             In
             one
             of
             which
             
               Iustinianus
            
             having
             receiv'd
             a
             wound
             ,
             lost
             his
             spirit
             ;
             and
             by
             flight
             endeavour'd
             a
             poore
             reprieve
             of
             a
             disgraced
             life
             :
             for
             who
             that
             was
             interess'd
             in
             the
             quarrell
             could
             out-live
             that
             siege
             and
             retaine
             his
             honour
             ?
          
           
           
             
               Constantine
            
             the
             sonne
             of
             
               Helena
               ,
            
             allied
             in
             name
             and
             title
             ,
             but
             not
             in
             fortune
             to
             the
             first
             
               Constantine
            
             )
             in
             the
             throng
             of
             those
             who
             yeelded
             to
             the
             violence
             of
             the
             
               Turkish
            
             Armie
             ,
             perisht
             ;
             undistinguisht
             among
             eight
             hundred
             ,
             who
             pressing
             for
             life
             became
             their
             owne
             murderers
             .
             But
             the
             narrow
             scrutinie
             of
             the
             
               Turke
            
             and
             his
             owne
             ill
             fate
             ,
             denyed
             him
             even
             the
             honour
             of
             being
             unknown
             :
             so
             that
             as
             his
             life
             was
             more
             eminent
             his
             death
             had
             greater
             ignominie
             .
             For
             
             having
             that
             day
             his
             imperiall
             habit
             on
             ;
             it
             onely
             serv'd
             to
             obrey'd
             his
             ruin
             ,
             and
             sequester
             him
             for
             more
             scorne
             from
             the
             vulgar
             .
             His
             head
             they
             presently
             sever'd
             from
             his
             body
             ,
             to
             make
             a
             common
             reproach
             of
             what
             had
             beene
             so
             awfull
             in
             its
             diadem
             .
             And
             in
             the
             crueltie
             of
             that
             mirth
             ,
             all
             hope
             and
             courage
             of
             the
             defendants
             perisht
             .
             The
             Citie
             three
             dayes
             lay
             prostitute
             to
             the
             licence
             of
             the
             conquerours
             :
             who
             were
             wittie
             to
             invent
             new
             mischiefes
             
             to
             please
             their
             barbarous
             wantonnesse
             .
             And
             well
             might
             they
             congratulate
             the
             fortunes
             of
             their
             victories
             ;
             for
             never
             did
             so
             much
             treasure
             become
             a
             prey
             to
             so
             much
             rapine
             :
             and
             never
             did
             such
             ancient
             greatnesse
             fall
             to
             so
             low
             a
             slavery
             ;
             honour
             became
             a
             contumely
             ,
             former
             wealth
             serv'd
             onely
             to
             aggravate
             future
             poverty
             :
             and
             beautie
             farre
             more
             cruell
             than
             wrinckles
             ,
             betray'd
             it selfe
             to
             the
             most
             loathed
             deformitie
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Of
             the
             Warre
             call'd
             the
             Common-weale
             in
             opposition
             to
             Lewys
             the
             eleventh
             of
             France
             .
          
           
             SEverall
             designes
             drew
             diverse
             Princes
             (
             who
             had
             relation
             to
             the
             Crowne
             of
             
               France
               )
            
             into
             league
             against
             
               Lewys
            
             the
             eleventh
             :
             and
             though
             no
             man
             endeavor'd
             but
             his
             owne
             interest
             ,
             the
             Common
             weale
             was
             pretended
             .
             For
             no
             hypocrisie
             disguiseth
             with
             more
             cunning
             ;
             since
             rebellion
             ,
             
             is
             so
             monstrous
             to
             the
             eye
             of
             conscience
             ,
             that
             it
             blusheth
             to
             appeare
             it selfe
             ,
             and
             therefore
             weares
             a
             vizard
             which
             oftentimes
             betrayes
             the
             ignorant
             .
             Every
             man
             in
             taking
             Armes
             protested
             this
             warre
             contrived
             to
             worke
             a
             more
             honest
             peace
             :
             as
             if
             sinne
             could
             smooth
             the
             way
             to
             vertue
             ,
             and
             the
             conspiracie
             of
             many
             tempests
             calm
             the
             Ocean
             .
             But
             the
             plot
             of
             every
             Prince
             was
             at
             the
             publicke
             cost
             to
             purchase
             to
             his
             broken
             or
             unquiet
             fortunes
             more
             profitable
             
             conditions
             :
             and
             the
             good
             natured
             vulgar
             with
             little
             trouble
             gave
             themselves
             liberty
             to
             be
             deceiv'd
             .
          
           
             
               Charles
            
             the
             Kings
             brother
             ,
             
               Charles
            
             Earle
             of
             
               Charolois
               ,
            
             Francis
             Duke
             of
             
               Brittaine
               ,
            
             and
             
               Iohn
            
             Duke
             of
             
               Burbon
               ,
            
             were
             the
             heads
             of
             this
             monster
             ;
             for
             what
             other
             title
             can
             wee
             give
             Rebellion
             ?
             The
             Kings
             brother
             disdain'd
             the
             narrow
             revenue
             of
             
               Berry
               ;
               Charolois
            
             the
             forc't
             delivery
             of
             many
             townes
             in
             
               Picardie
            
             heretofore
             morgaged
             to
             the
             house
             of
             
               Burgundie
               ;
            
             
             
               Brittaine
            
             was
             commanded
             to
             desert
             those
             ancient
             priviledges
             bequeath'd
             him
             by
             his
             Ancestors
             ;
             and
             
               Burbon
            
             in
             vaine
             had
             solicited
             payment
             of
             that
             portion
             
               Lewys
            
             design'd
             him
             with
             his
             sister
             .
             Every
             inferiour
             Lord
             likewise
             had
             discontent
             enough
             to
             warrant
             to
             his
             passions
             the
             most
             unjust
             attempt
             .
             For
             
               Lewys
            
             of
             
               France
            
             had
             beene
             so
             ill
             a
             husband
             of
             opinion
             ,
             that
             the
             world
             gave
             small
             reputation
             to
             his
             carriage
             :
             and
             having
             at
             his
             entrance
             to
             the
             government
             
             supplanted
             all
             the
             Officers
             of
             the
             Crown
             ,
             and
             in
             their
             places
             planted
             those
             whom
             his
             favour
             had
             selected
             ,
             the
             better
             part
             of
             
               France
               ,
            
             envied
             or
             contemn'd
             his
             choyce
             .
             For
             the
             ancient
             dependancies
             by
             this
             remove
             were
             weakned
             ;
             and
             they
             who
             subsisted
             high
             in
             Authoritie
             ,
             imagin'd
             no
             death
             so
             wretched
             as
             this
             privation
             .
             Disgrace
             therefore
             made
             them
             resolve
             on
             honour
             ;
             which
             since
             no
             other
             way
             ,
             they
             design'd
             to
             buy
             with
             danger
             .
             For
             
             the
             Royall
             favour
             could
             smile
             on
             no
             man
             ,
             but
             whom
             the
             whole
             world
             beside
             disdain'd
             as
             unworthy
             the
             least
             regard
             .
             What
             misled
             the
             people
             to
             tumult
             ,
             was
             a
             pretence
             to
             releeve
             the
             many
             impositions
             which
             lay
             heavie
             on
             the
             merchants
             trade
             ,
             and
             the
             labourers
             sweat
             .
             But
             when
             the
             silly
             vulgar
             by
             mutanie
             endeavour'd
             release
             of
             payments
             ;
             how
             neere
             resembled
             they
             the
             Asse
             ,
             which
             to
             ease
             her
             burthen
             cast
             it
             downe
             into
             the
             water
             ?
             
             Forgetting
             that
             the
             loade
             was
             wooll
             which
             taking
             wet
             contracted
             weight
             ,
             and
             that
             shee
             was
             a
             beast
             created
             to
             labour
             .
          
           
             King
             
               Lewys
            
             perceiving
             this
             storme
             with
             so
             much
             violence
             brought
             upon
             the
             very
             morning
             of
             his
             government
             :
             contrived
             at
             first
             to
             oppose
             it
             ;
             and
             in
             some
             small
             encounters
             shewed
             himselfe
             no
             way
             defective
             in
             courage
             :
             however
             his
             much
             wit
             with
             so
             much
             caution
             over-ruled
             the
             motions
             of
             his
             spirit
             ,
             that
             posterity
             
             hath
             brought
             his
             valour
             into
             question
             .
             But
             being
             to
             make
             head
             against
             so
             united
             a
             power
             ,
             he
             found
             his
             people
             as
             slow
             to
             their
             Soveraignes
             defence
             ,
             as
             they
             were
             rash
             to
             unlawfull
             Armes
             .
             Every
             man
             beleeving
             his
             interest
             concern'd
             to
             subvert
             that
             edifice
             of
             power
             ,
             which
             hee
             suspected
             to
             bee
             built
             on
             tyrannie
             .
             Which
             perswaded
             all
             degrees
             of
             men
             to
             runne
             into
             this
             warre
             ,
             though
             the
             hazard
             was
             of
             the
             whole
             estate
             ,
             for
             supporting
             the
             immunitie
             of
             
             the
             least
             part
             of
             every
             mans
             particular
             .
          
           
             
               Lewys
            
             finding
             this
             defection
             so
             universall
             ,
             enter'd
             into
             distrust
             of
             his
             owne
             forces
             :
             fearing
             them
             ,
             who
             had
             the
             strongest
             tye
             of
             Dutie
             ,
             to
             have
             the
             weakest
             tye
             of
             Love
             .
             And
             where
             affection
             Armes
             not
             the
             Souldier
             ,
             how
             unsafe
             is
             the
             greatest
             Generall
             ,
             in
             the
             best
             order'd
             Armie
             ?
             For
             dis-affection
             to
             the
             Commander
             disorders
             suddenly
             the
             highest
             actions
             :
             and
             how
             poorely
             he
             betrayes
             himselfe
             ,
             
             who
             hopes
             to
             advance
             his
             designes
             by
             terrour
             ?
             
               Lewys
            
             therefore
             flies
             from
             his
             Native
             subjects
             to
             
               Auxiliaries
               ;
            
             and
             to
             teach
             
               France
            
             obedience
             ,
             brings
             in
             Forces
             from
             
               Italy
               .
            
             The
             Duke
             of
             
               Millain
            
             liberally
             concurres
             to
             this
             Service
             ,
             sending
             five
             hundred
             men
             at
             Armes
             and
             three
             thousand
             foote
             under
             the
             command
             of
             
               Galeas
            
             his
             sonne
             .
             And
             with
             this
             power
             he
             presents
             his
             advice
             ,
             
               That
               he
               should
               yeeld
               to
               any
               conditions
               to
               divide
               his
               enemies
               ,
               and
               be
               carefull
               still
               to
               preserve
               his
               men
               .
            
          
           
           
             This
             Councell
             was
             of
             more
             service
             to
             
               Lewys
            
             his
             affaires
             ,
             than
             all
             the
             Armies
             he
             could
             have
             levied
             in
             his
             Dutchy
             .
             For
             by
             this
             hee
             kept
             his
             Majestie
             entire
             ,
             and
             refer'd
             nothing
             to
             the
             uncertainetie
             of
             fortune
             .
             He
             spared
             the
             effusion
             of
             his
             subjects
             blood
             :
             whereby
             his
             people
             were
             not
             in
             danger
             by
             their
             losses
             to
             hate
             that
             Soveraigne
             power
             had
             chastised
             them
             .
             But
             the
             former
             part
             of
             his
             advice
             was
             a
             stronger
             battery
             against
             the
             enemies
             designe
             ,
             than
             all
             the
             Artilery
             
             of
             that
             age
             could
             make
             .
             For
             to
             divide
             their
             Forces
             was
             to
             destroy
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             bring
             them
             into
             jealousie
             of
             each
             other
             was
             to
             make
             each
             the
             others
             executioner
             :
             By
             which
             hee
             was
             secure
             at
             the
             enemies
             cost
             and
             danger
             ,
             to
             worke
             his
             owne
             triumph
             .
             Then
             for
             yeelding
             to
             conditions
             ,
             it
             was
             safer
             in
             
               Lewys
            
             to
             descend
             one
             steppe
             beneath
             Soveraigne
             command
             ,
             than
             to
             be
             enforc't
             to
             fall
             downe
             all
             the
             staires
             .
             And
             having
             both
             wit
             and
             courage
             hee
             
             could
             not
             doubt
             but
             occasion
             would
             present
             him
             with
             a
             meane
             to
             recover
             ,
             if
             not
             to
             transcend
             his
             former
             height
             .
          
           
             Varietie
             of
             chances
             brings
             soone
             both
             Armies
             to
             desire
             to
             remit
             nothing
             to
             chance
             ,
             and
             the
             warre
             having
             made
             both
             losers
             ,
             peace
             was
             equally
             sought
             .
             And
             though
             want
             of
             victualls
             extreamely
             afflicted
             the
             
               Burgonion
            
             Armie
             ;
             yet
             did
             
               Lewys
            
             not
             dare
             to
             take
             the
             advantage
             :
             the
             rage
             of
             hunger
             being
             sometime
             an
             animation
             
             though
             for
             the
             most
             it
             discourages
             .
             
               Lewys
            
             therefore
             having
             had
             no
             great
             fortune
             at
             the
             hazard
             of
             war
             ;
             desired
             to
             change
             his
             game
             and
             try
             how
             he
             could
             play
             his
             cards
             in
             peace
             :
             where
             the
             cunning
             gamester
             is
             secure
             at
             a
             long
             sitting
             to
             be
             the
             winner
             .
             And
             therefore
             upon
             the
             first
             overture
             entertaines
             the
             treatie
             ,
             which
             suddainely
             tooke
             effect
             ;
             No
             demand
             of
             the
             Princes
             receiving
             the
             least
             deniall
             .
             But
             at
             the
             conclusion
             of
             this
             peace
             ,
             what
             was
             at
             first
             pretended
             ,
             was
             never
             
             mention'd
             :
             the
             people
             whom
             hope
             of
             ease
             of
             taxes
             had
             engaged
             to
             this
             warre
             ,
             being
             no
             way
             regarded
             .
             For
             they
             were
             the
             same
             wretched
             vessell
             still
             ,
             whom
             every
             tempest
             moves
             to
             danger
             ,
             but
             no
             calme
             ever
             secures
             from
             wracke
             .
          
           
             To
             his
             brother
             he
             grants
             the
             Dutchy
             of
             
               Normandie
               ,
            
             a
             proportion
             beyond
             his
             very
             hopes
             .
             To
             
               Charles
            
             Earle
             of
             
               Charolois
            
             hee
             restores
             all
             the
             Townes
             upon
             the
             
               Some
               .
            
             To
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Brittaine
            
             hee
             confirmes
             
             the
             Countie
             of
             
               Mountfort
               ,
            
             with
             promise
             of
             money
             to
             defray
             the
             charges
             of
             his
             enmitie
             .
             On
             the
             Count
             S.
             
               Pol
            
             for
             having
             beene
             the
             great
             engine
             in
             moving
             these
             disorders
             ,
             hee
             bestowes
             the
             Office
             of
             Constable
             .
             To
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Calabria
            
             he
             promiseth
             men
             and
             mony
             for
             the
             recovery
             of
             his
             Kingdome
             of
             
               Naples
               ;
            
             so
             desirous
             he
             was
             at
             any
             rate
             to
             buy
             his
             absence
             .
             To
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Burbon
            
             he
             gives
             assurance
             for
             the
             portion
             due
             to
             him
             in
             marriage
             with
             his
             sister
             .
             
             And
             to
             every
             great
             man
             who
             had
             beene
             in
             opposition
             ,
             hee
             contributes
             largely
             :
             since
             the
             event
             of
             warre
             might
             have
             beene
             uncertaine
             to
             make
             asure
             bargaine
             by
             this
             Treatie
             of
             peace
             .
          
           
             Thus
             at
             
               Lewys
            
             his
             cost
             ,
             every
             discontented
             Lord
             attain'd
             his
             aime
             ,
             and
             triumpht
             in
             the
             fortune
             of
             his
             designe
             .
             And
             so
             farre
             was
             this
             agreement
             the
             ambition
             of
             both
             parties
             ,
             that
             when
             the
             Earle
             of
             
               Charolois
            
             allured
             by
             the
             pleasure
             of
             
               Lewys
            
             his
             endearing
             
             Language
             ,
             was
             engaged
             into
             his
             power
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Burgonion
            
             Armie
             gave
             their
             Generall
             lost
             ,
             
               Lewys
            
             return'd
             him
             backe
             with
             all
             the
             ceremonie
             of
             love
             ;
             disdaining
             an
             advantage
             that
             might
             suffer
             the
             blemish
             of
             trechery
             .
          
           
             Actions
             of
             so
             extraordinary
             a
             vertue
             strangely
             conduce
             to
             the
             fortune
             of
             a
             Prince
             :
             for
             they
             create
             him
             high
             in
             reputation
             ;
             which
             keepes
             Soveraignety
             entire
             ;
             and
             beget
             confidence
             to
             his
             after
             proceedings
             ,
             which
             whether
             
             just
             or
             unjust
             are
             by
             that
             successefull
             .
             For
             as
             to
             vertuous
             men
             faith
             is
             naturall
             ,
             so
             to
             the
             polliticke
             the
             practise
             of
             it
             is
             necessary
             .
             For
             how
             can
             any
             designe
             prove
             fortunate
             ,
             when
             the
             contriver
             is
             held
             in
             distrust
             ?
             Pyrates
             and
             Politicians
             ,
             as
             common
             enemies
             to
             mankinde
             ,
             obnoxious
             to
             the
             selfe-same
             jealousie
             :
             no
             man
             embarking
             his
             fortunes
             with
             either
             ,
             but
             whom
             desperation
             forceth
             ,
             or
             libertie
             invites
             .
          
           
             This
             accord
             changed
             
             the
             face
             of
             
               France
               ;
            
             the
             brow
             smooth
             with
             joy
             and
             acclamations
             ,
             which
             had
             bin
             wrinckled
             with
             so
             many
             troubled
             thoughts
             .
             Every
             man
             retreates
             to
             his
             private
             entertainements
             :
             and
             discor'd
             no
             longer
             cimenting
             them
             ,
             they
             divided
             their
             businesse
             ,
             according
             to
             particular
             interest
             .
             
               Charolois
            
             returnes
             home
             ,
             &
             findes
             employment
             for
             those
             passions
             the
             ambitious
             never
             want
             .
             He
             takes
             possession
             of
             the
             townes
             assign'd
             him
             ,
             and
             triumphs
             in
             recovery
             of
             a
             small
             Country
             ,
             whose
             unquiet
             
             pride
             ,
             the
             world
             wanted
             extent
             to
             limit
             .
             Yet
             did
             he
             carry
             still
             a
             vigilant
             eye
             over
             his
             great
             enemie
             ,
             knowing
             that
             mighty
             spirits
             over-ruled
             by
             ill
             fortune
             ,
             disdaine
             that
             humility
             they
             are
             forc't
             to
             .
             And
             though
             conveniency
             or
             necessitie
             bend
             them
             down
             to
             low
             conditions
             ;
             it
             seldome
             obleigeth
             the
             cōscience
             longer
             than
             fortune
             restraines
             the
             power
             .
          
           
             
               Lewys
            
             was
             not
             well
             pleased
             with
             debasing
             Majestie
             to
             the
             irregular
             requests
             of
             them
             ,
             who
             
             ought
             not
             to
             have
             prescribed
             their
             Prince
             .
             And
             since
             to
             oppose
             them
             all
             was
             unsafe
             ,
             it
             was
             convenient
             to
             destroy
             one
             by
             one
             :
             that
             the
             revenge
             might
             bee
             more
             secure
             and
             lesse
             observ'd
             .
             For
             those
             wounds
             are
             most
             mortall
             that
             bleede
             inward
             ;
             and
             waters
             which
             raise
             least
             noyse
             have
             the
             greatest
             depth
             :
             The
             shallowes
             of
             Princes
             actions
             sounding
             loudest
             to
             popular
             judgements
             :
             but
             where
             the
             understanding
             hath
             the
             chiefest
             agitation
             ,
             the
             
             greatest
             attempts
             proceed
             with
             least
             disturbance
             .
          
           
             His
             resolution
             was
             therefore
             to
             begin
             his
             revenge
             with
             him
             ,
             who
             was
             neerest
             to
             his
             person
             ;
             those
             contents
             being
             scarce
             heard
             which
             are
             spoken
             a
             farre
             off
             :
             but
             the
             least
             whisper
             pierceth
             ,
             when
             the
             voyce
             ,
             approacheth
             too
             neere
             the
             eare
             .
          
           
             The
             late
             Duke
             of
             
               Normandie
            
             afflicted
             him
             most
             ,
             in
             regard
             nature
             tyed
             his
             memory
             to
             a
             continuall
             torment
             ,
             that
             preposterously
             his
             younger
             brother
             
             had
             prevail'd
             .
             For
             those
             disgraces
             obrey'd
             us
             most
             ,
             which
             wee
             suffer
             where
             we
             have
             good
             title
             to
             claime
             respect
             .
             And
             betweene
             brothers
             the
             distance
             is
             so
             little
             ,
             that
             the
             sence
             of
             honour
             growes
             too
             tender
             :
             which
             makes
             the
             least
             touch
             peirce
             the
             very
             quicke
             .
             
               Lewys
            
             therefore
             compell'd
             him
             to
             an
             exchange
             of
             
               Normandie
            
             for
             
               Gaien
               ;
            
             either
             by
             remove
             ,
             to
             prevent
             his
             growth
             in
             Faction
             ,
             or
             by
             shifting
             him
             from
             one
             command
             to
             another
             :
             in
             fine
             to
             
             leave
             him
             none
             .
          
           
             But
             this
             Art
             was
             presently
             discover'd
             ;
             and
             the
             divided
             re-unite
             :
             bringing
             
               Lewys
            
             into
             the
             same
             feare
             and
             danger
             .
             Which
             with
             much
             dissimulation
             hee
             prevents
             :
             And
             by
             overpleasing
             
               Charolois
            
             and
             
               Brittaine
            
             he
             gaines
             liberty
             to
             oppresse
             underhand
             his
             brother
             .
             Which
             was
             with
             lesse
             difficultie
             conived
             at
             ;
             in
             regard
             
               Charles
            
             now
             made
             Duke
             of
             
               Guien
               ,
            
             was
             of
             an
             easie
             spirit
             ,
             desirous
             to
             master
             an
             evill
             fortune
             ,
             but
             fearefull
             to
             effect
             
             it
             with
             hazard
             .
             Moreover
             he
             naturally
             abhor'd
             war
             ,
             either
             in
             Religion
             or
             compassion
             ,
             and
             the
             complection
             of
             that
             time
             was
             troubled
             :
             Men
             onely
             safe
             who
             feared
             no
             danger
             '
             ,
             and
             such
             Princes
             onely
             secure
             of
             peace
             ,
             who
             were
             not
             frighted
             at
             war
             .
             Then
             which
             was
             his
             ruine
             ,
             any
             probable
             conditions
             of
             safety
             ,
             made
             him
             renounce
             confederacie
             with
             turbulent
             unquiet
             men
             .
             And
             who
             can
             hope
             from
             others
             participation
             of
             danger
             ,
             who
             never
             entertaine
             
             friendship
             but
             for
             necessitie
             ?
             Or
             who
             will
             adhere
             to
             his
             fortunes
             who
             deserts
             himselfe
             ;
             and
             no
             longer
             loves
             a
             confederate
             than
             hee
             is
             usefull
             ?
          
           
             This
             inconstancie
             in
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Guien
            
             layd
             him
             open
             to
             King
             
               Lewys
               ;
            
             who
             finding
             that
             his
             brothers
             life
             quicken'd
             so
             many
             disorders
             in
             
               France
               ,
            
             gave
             way
             (
             if
             History
             be
             not
             unjust
             in
             censure
             )
             that
             hee
             should
             dye
             .
             But
             nature
             yeelded
             little
             hope
             to
             effect
             the
             businesse
             ,
             the
             remedie
             
             therefore
             of
             the
             present
             troubles
             was
             to
             be
             sought
             from
             Art
             :
             and
             so
             well
             was
             the
             plot
             contrived
             ,
             that
             he
             sicken'd
             and
             dyed
             for
             the
             quiet
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             ;
             for
             his
             death
             broke
             all
             those
             intellegences
             had
             beene
             held
             so
             long
             in
             
               France
               :
            
             and
             the
             confederate
             Princes
             began
             to
             thinke
             on
             a
             new
             way
             of
             greatnesse
             ,
             not
             by
             disturbing
             their
             Neighbours
             Kingdome
             but
             by
             quieting
             their
             owne
             subjects
             .
             A
             greatnesse
             not
             destructive
             to
             their
             enemie
             ,
             but
             
             effective
             to
             themselves
             :
             Which
             creates
             a
             triumph
             more
             glorious
             because
             more
             innocent
             .
             For
             power
             doth
             never
             shine
             unclouded
             ,
             which
             is
             maintain'd
             by
             darke
             designes
             ,
             or
             obscure
             dishonest
             Arts
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             Charles
             the
             fifths
             resignation
             of
             Government
             .
          
           
             CHarles
             the
             fifth
             ,
             Emperour
             of
             
               Germany
               ,
            
             singular
             in
             the
             preheminence
             of
             life
             ,
             disdain'd
             
             to
             tread
             the
             beaten
             way
             of
             Princes
             ,
             now
             declining
             to
             his
             grave
             .
             In
             all
             enterprises
             hee
             still
             appear'd
             superiour
             to
             fortune
             ,
             to
             whose
             mercy
             he
             resolv'd
             to
             leave
             nothing
             in
             his
             age
             :
             least
             that
             giddy
             power
             loathing
             infirmitie
             and
             wrinckles
             ,
             might
             have
             distasted
             him
             and
             forgot
             her
             flattery
             .
             But
             his
             courage
             did
             rise
             yet
             higher
             ,
             and
             vanquisht
             death
             it selfe
             :
             Death
             that
             great
             Tyrant
             which
             adornes
             its
             darke
             Pallace
             with
             the
             spoyle
             of
             Kings
             ,
             
             and
             devests
             the
             Proud
             of
             all
             the
             gaudie
             circumstance
             that
             swells
             their
             greatnesse
             .
             Death
             was
             onely
             left
             him
             now
             to
             conquer
             :
             three
             parts
             of
             the
             world
             had
             seene
             the
             Trophees
             of
             his
             fortune
             ,
             and
             all
             had
             submitted
             but
             death
             .
             To
             which
             since
             inevitably
             he
             was
             doom'd
             to
             pay
             the
             common
             debt
             ;
             yet
             he
             contrived
             it
             so
             ,
             that
             it
             should
             be
             small
             losse
             to
             him
             ,
             who
             had
             nothing
             now
             remaining
             but
             his
             body
             ,
             and
             that
             weakned
             by
             time
             and
             sicknesse
             .
          
           
           
             To
             
               Brussells
            
             hee
             summon'd
             all
             the
             Nobilitie
             of
             the
             seventeene
             Provinces
             ,
             and
             solemnely
             cancell'd
             that
             sacred
             obligation
             they
             owed
             him
             as
             their
             Soveraigne
             .
             To
             his
             sonne
             
               Phillip
               ,
            
             to
             that
             purpose
             sent
             for
             out
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             he
             gave
             those
             Countries
             and
             their
             homage
             .
             T
             is
             true
             ,
             he
             wept
             ,
             but
             they
             were
             teares
             of
             wonder
             ;
             his
             vertue
             not
             onely
             astonishing
             that
             great
             assembly
             but
             even
             himselfe
             :
             the
             example
             was
             so
             new
             ,
             it
             forc't
             him
             to
             an
             extraordinary
             
             expression
             ,
             with
             which
             his
             courage
             never
             had
             beene
             acquainted
             .
             For
             Noblest
             spirits
             in
             such
             an
             extasie
             weepe
             as
             fast
             ,
             as
             weaker
             soules
             out
             of
             foeminine
             softnesse
             .
          
           
             Two
             moneths
             after
             he
             had
             made
             this
             essay
             upon
             his
             vertue
             ,
             hee
             gave
             perfection
             to
             the
             great
             worke
             ,
             and
             to
             his
             sonne
             made
             transaction
             of
             his
             dominion
             over
             the
             rest
             of
             his
             Kingdomes
             ,
             Provinces
             ,
             and
             Islands
             ,
             both
             in
             this
             and
             the
             new
             world
             .
             Which
             was
             with
             greater
             concourse
             
             of
             Princes
             ,
             as
             the
             businesse
             was
             of
             larger
             extent
             and
             more
             value
             .
             For
             to
             this
             Troegi-Comedie
             came
             spectators
             from
             all
             the
             world
             ,
             in
             regard
             the
             Scaene
             was
             so
             new
             ,
             and
             the
             Actors
             the
             most
             eminent
             of
             that
             age
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             as
             Noble
             as
             any
             other
             ever
             gloried
             in
             .
             Nothing
             was
             left
             him
             now
             but
             the
             Empire
             ,
             which
             soone
             after
             hee
             renounced
             sending
             to
             his
             brother
             
               Ferdinand
            
             King
             of
             the
             
               Romans
               ,
            
             the
             Imperiall
             Crown
             and
             Scepter
             ,
             by
             the
             hands
             
             of
             
               William
               ,
            
             Prince
             of
             
               Orenge
               .
            
             Who
             though
             he
             appear'd
             unwilling
             to
             this
             Office
             ,
             loath
             to
             see
             his
             Prince
             buried
             thus
             alive
             ;
             yet
             with
             small
             scruple
             he
             afterward
             rent
             from
             his
             Soveraigne
             King
             
               Phillip
            
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             Low
             Countries
             ,
             and
             indangered
             them
             all
             .
             Thus
             with
             a
             complement
             of
             regret
             the
             Subject
             often
             appeares
             in
             just
             things
             troubled
             to
             obey
             :
             who
             can
             dispence
             with
             all
             duty
             when
             his
             owne
             ambition
             is
             concern'd
             ;
             and
             justifie
             rebellion
             with
             pretence
             of
             
             lawfull
             liberty
             .
          
           
             
               Charles
            
             having
             nothing
             left
             him
             now
             ,
             but
             what
             lives
             yet
             ,
             the
             memory
             of
             his
             many
             victories
             ;
             retired
             to
             private
             lodgings
             till
             the
             wind
             serv'd
             faire
             to
             waite
             on
             him
             into
             
               Spaine
               .
            
             And
             soone
             he
             found
             in
             his
             first
             solitude
             it
             was
             but
             his
             shadow
             had
             made
             him
             appeare
             so
             mighty
             :
             For
             being
             now
             nothing
             but
             himselfe
             ,
             he
             tooke
             justly
             his
             owne
             height
             ,
             and
             confest
             he
             was
             but
             man
             .
             The
             swarme
             of
             those
             Courtflyes
             who
             had
             quickned
             
             in
             the
             heate
             of
             favour
             ;
             appear'd
             no
             more
             ,
             now
             his
             aspect
             though
             more
             cleere
             wanted
             the
             former
             vitall
             warmth
             .
             The
             wonder
             past
             ,
             every
             man
             forsooke
             him
             who
             had
             left
             his
             glory
             ;
             and
             as
             honour
             or
             profit
             directed
             them
             ,
             began
             to
             beate
             new
             pathes
             .
             For
             what
             truth
             had
             in
             vaine
             heretofore
             labour'd
             to
             perswade
             ,
             now
             hee
             acknowleged
             :
             when
             hee
             so
             suddenly
             perceiv'd
             ,
             that
             the
             supreamest
             vertue
             ,
             not
             made
             awfull
             by
             authority
             ,
             can
             never
             keepe
             it selfe
             
             high
             in
             regard
             ,
             nor
             attract
             the
             applause
             of
             men
             .
             And
             though
             his
             sonne
             King
             
               Phillip
            
             let
             fall
             words
             on
             the
             Anniversary
             of
             this
             resignation
             which
             seem'd
             to
             taxe
             his
             Father
             to
             have
             as
             soone
             repented
             as
             done
             this
             glorious
             Act
             of
             vertue
             ;
             yet
             who
             can
             beleeve
             in
             so
             constant
             a
             minde
             so
             poore
             a
             frailtie
             ?
             Perhaps
             he
             was
             a
             little
             amazed
             at
             the
             change
             :
             and
             the
             Sonne
             who
             was
             enamor'd
             on
             that
             Empire
             ,
             his
             Father
             had
             resign'd
             interpreted
             the
             wonder
             to
             repentance
             .
             
             Nor
             can
             we
             but
             imagine
             that
             
               Charles
            
             was
             somewhat
             astonisht
             at
             the
             steepe
             descent
             hee
             had
             on
             the
             suddaine
             made
             from
             so
             high
             a
             precipice
             :
             though
             it
             was
             with
             a
             farre
             other
             passion
             ,
             then
             tortures
             them
             who
             are
             throwne
             headlong
             down
             by
             death
             or
             fortune
             .
          
           
             When
             hee
             landed
             in
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             he
             kist
             the
             earth
             ,
             whether
             he
             had
             brought
             his
             owne
             to
             Sepulture
             :
             and
             made
             his
             lippes
             doe
             pennance
             for
             some
             few
             trespasses
             his
             youth
             was
             
             guilty
             of
             .
             He
             acknowledged
             it
             the
             common
             parent
             in
             that
             homage
             :
             and
             confest
             how
             high
             soever
             we
             are
             in
             growth
             ,
             and
             however
             wide
             our
             branches
             spread
             themselves
             ;
             our
             roote
             is
             still
             in
             the
             earth
             ,
             till
             age
             ,
             the
             Axe
             ,
             or
             some
             ,
             violent
             tempest
             plucke
             us
             up
             :
             and
             afterward
             envious
             time
             takes
             away
             even
             the
             Print
             that
             ere
             wee
             florisht
             there
          
           
             At
             
               Burgos
               ,
            
             where
             he
             expected
             the
             suddaine
             payment
             of
             some
             monies
             for
             
             discharge
             of
             his
             attendance
             ,
             hee
             exprest
             a
             just
             disdaine
             ,
             perceiving
             the
             Officers
             slow
             to
             serve
             not
             him
             but
             his
             necessitie
             .
             And
             his
             title
             was
             honest
             to
             that
             passion
             :
             for
             ingratitude
             cannot
             bee
             forgiven
             by
             a
             mercy
             lesse
             than
             heavenly
             ,
             and
             he
             was
             yet
             apparrell'd
             with
             his
             earth
             .
             Of
             all
             the
             immence
             revenues
             of
             so
             many
             wealthy
             Kingdomes
             ,
             hee
             had
             reserv'd
             to
             his
             owne
             use
             ,
             but
             one
             hundred
             thousand
             Crownes
             annually
             ,
             for
             that
             small
             time
             hee
             was
             to
             
             out-live
             his
             greatnesse
             .
             And
             this
             was
             not
             payd
             but
             with
             trouble
             :
             for
             the
             living
             grudged
             to
             allow
             any
             tribute
             to
             the
             dead
             ,
             among
             whom
             
               Charles
            
             was
             to
             be
             numbred
             when
             hee
             ceas'd
             to
             Raigne
             .
             But
             this
             ill
             nature
             of
             the
             world
             serv'd
             him
             to
             good
             purpose
             ,
             for
             it
             comforted
             him
             that
             he
             had
             forsooke
             all
             commerce
             with
             that
             which
             servilely
             obey'd
             him
             onely
             ,
             when
             as
             a
             Master
             ,
             hee
             heretofore
             commanded
             it
             .
          
           
             This
             hasten'd
             his
             finall
             
             retirement
             to
             a
             religious
             house
             of
             the
             order
             of
             S.
             
               Ierome
               ;
            
             which
             was
             seated
             in
             a
             most
             wholesome
             ayre
             ,
             that
             he
             might
             not
             cowardly
             seeme
             to
             desire
             to
             dye
             ,
             vvhen
             hee
             had
             given
             over
             to
             command
             :
             And
             in
             this
             his
             valour
             out-did
             all
             former
             example
             ;
             that
             after
             resignation
             of
             so
             large
             an
             Empire
             ,
             he
             could
             patiently
             studdie
             the
             Arts
             to
             live
             ,
             and
             contract
             his
             businesse
             to
             so
             narrovv
             a
             roome
             ;
             vvho
             had
             made
             nine
             journies
             into
             
               Germanie
               ;
            
             sixe
             into
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             seven
             
             into
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             foure
             into
             
               France
               ,
            
             ten
             into
             the
             Lovv-Countries
             ,
             tvvo
             into
             
               England
               ,
            
             and
             as
             many
             into
             
               Affrick
               .
            
             But
             vvhen
             hee
             fixt
             here
             ,
             his
             ambition
             out-ravail'd
             in
             tvvo
             yeares
             ,
             all
             the
             labour
             of
             fiftie
             :
             for
             his
             thoughts
             disdaining
             to
             measure
             earth
             or
             Sea
             ,
             vvhich
             
               Geographie
            
             can
             give
             account
             of
             ;
             made
             hourely
             their
             ascent
             beyond
             the
             fancie
             of
             
               Astrologie
               .
            
             Whether
             the
             humble
             onely
             can
             climbe
             ,
             vvhom
             Pietie
             rackes
             till
             they
             acknovvledge
             themselves
             dust
             and
             sin
             .
          
           
           
             Enter'd
             into
             this
             solitude
             ,
             he
             felt
             a
             vvarre
             vvithin
             him
             ,
             of
             more
             terrour
             than
             that
             vvith
             vvhich
             hee
             had
             avved
             the
             World
             .
             For
             novv
             hee
             vvas
             to
             fight
             alone
             ,
             where
             no
             confederate
             Prince
             came
             to
             his
             assistance
             ,
             no
             subjects
             tender'd
             their
             lives
             with
             their
             obedience
             ;
             but
             even
             his
             passion
             who
             should
             have
             beene
             his
             slaves
             ,
             with
             his
             flesh
             a
             great
             part
             of
             himselfe
             revolted
             ,
             and
             conspired
             his
             trouble
             .
             This
             combate
             ended
             in
             a
             happie
             victory
             ;
             humane
             industry
             
             
             
             strengthen'd
             by
             Divine
             grace
             triumpht
             over
             weakenesse
             ,
             and
             inthroned
             him
             above
             his
             Rebells
             .
          
           
             Yet
             had
             hee
             still
             in
             his
             minde
             a
             soft
             eccho
             of
             the
             former
             noyse
             of
             warre
             :
             those
             houres
             he
             borrowed
             from
             heaven
             ,
             to
             solace
             himselfe
             on
             earth
             ,
             were
             recreated
             with
             martiall
             sports
             .
             Which
             was
             either
             to
             make
             a
             mockery
             of
             his
             heretofore
             most
             serious
             stratagems
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             businesse
             of
             the
             warlike
             :
             or
             else
             to
             exercise
             his
             time
             in
             
             the
             
               Mathematickes
               ,
            
             which
             had
             much
             enamor'd
             him
             from
             his
             youth
             .
             For
             
               Iannellus
               Turrianus
               ,
            
             a
             great
             Master
             in
             that
             knowledge
             ,
             did
             usually
             delight
             him
             with
             miracles
             of
             studie
             ,
             making
             little
             armed
             men
             muster
             themselves
             upon
             the
             Table
             ,
             and
             Artificially
             move
             according
             to
             the
             Discipline
             of
             warre
             :
             which
             was
             done
             so
             beyond
             example
             ,
             that
             the
             superiour
             of
             the
             house
             ,
             nothing
             reade
             in
             the
             Mysteries
             of
             that
             Art
             ,
             suspected
             it
             for
             witch-craft
             .
             Neither
             was
             
             
               Charles
            
             himselfe
             unapt
             to
             worke
             the
             little
             wheeles
             of
             watches
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             a
             clocke
             up
             ,
             which
             as
             it
             strooke
             did
             warne
             him
             what
             vanitie
             it
             was
             ,
             to
             reckon
             on
             the
             succeding
             moment
             .
          
           
             And
             now
             this
             great
             Sun
             grew
             neere
             his
             night
             .
             But
             desirous
             to
             out-live
             his
             funeralls
             hee
             obtain'd
             to
             see
             them
             solemniz'd
             before
             his
             death
             .
             A
             sad
             curiositie
             ,
             to
             bee
             a
             mourner
             to
             himselfe
             ;
             and
             understand
             how
             short
             a
             pompe
             waites
             on
             the
             most
             mighty
             
             to
             the
             grave
             .
             The
             herse
             was
             rais'd
             furnisht
             with
             all
             the
             vanity
             of
             hatchments
             ,
             which
             told
             the
             world
             ,
             over
             how
             many
             wide
             Kingdomes
             his
             power
             had
             intended
             :
             and
             to
             what
             a
             streit
             lodging
             it
             was
             now
             shruncke
             up
             .
             The
             Mourners
             assisted
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             with
             as
             deepe
             a
             sorrow
             ,
             as
             would
             have
             pierc't
             them
             ,
             had
             his
             griefe
             beene
             serious
             :
             while
             hee
             with
             a
             sober
             mirth
             beheld
             the
             last
             Scaene
             of
             all
             his
             glory
             personated
             ;
             and
             found
             what
             
             an
             empty
             honour
             Princes
             labour
             for
             in
             the
             sweate
             and
             hazard
             of
             all
             their
             victories
             .
             For
             what
             a
             no
             comfort
             to
             the
             ashes
             of
             the
             conquerour
             is
             the
             triumphs
             of
             his
             life
             :
             since
             onely
             Christian
             vertue
             maintaines
             trafficke
             betweene
             earth
             and
             heaven
             .
          
           
             But
             death
             disdain'd
             to
             bee
             made
             a
             sport
             to
             the
             greatest
             spirit
             of
             that
             age
             :
             for
             this
             odde
             pastime
             soone
             became
             serious
             ,
             and
             he
             found
             he
             was
             to
             dye
             in
             earnest
             .
             VVhich
             hee
             per
             
             form'd
             with
             the
             like
             cheerefull
             looke
             ;
             for
             there
             vvas
             neither
             honour
             that
             endeared
             nor
             beautie
             that
             enamor'd
             him
             to
             the
             vvorld
             :
             and
             this
             two
             yeares
             silence
             had
             given
             him
             a
             taste
             of
             heaven
             .
             He
             therefore
             without
             despute
             parted
             with
             that
             little
             of
             the
             earth
             ,
             he
             had
             reserved
             ,
             and
             which
             in
             this
             retirement
             he
             had
             punisht
             ,
             till
             it
             grew
             subordinate
             to
             the
             soule
             .
             And
             though
             he
             had
             quitted
             all
             interest
             to
             Empire
             ,
             yet
             would
             not
             heaven
             let
             him
             dye
             without
             
             his
             comet
             .
             For
             as
             he
             sickn'd
             a
             new
             star
             appear'd
             :
             which
             gain'd
             in
             brightnesse
             as
             hee
             declin'd
             toward
             death
             ,
             and
             pointing
             its
             glory
             on
             the
             Cloyster
             vanisht
             as
             he
             expired
             :
             the
             poore
             comet
             unable
             longer
             to
             shine
             ,
             when
             this
             greater
             starre
             was
             darkned
             ,
             from
             whom
             it
             derived
             its
             luster
             .
          
           
             FINIS
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
       
         
           Imprimatur
        
         
           
             Tho.
             Wykes
             .
          
           
             
               Novemb.
               12.
               1640.