The travellours guide and historians faithful companion giving an account of the most remarkable things and matters relating to the religion, government, custom, manners, laws, pollicies, companies, trade, &c. in all the principal kingdoms, being the 16 years travels of William Carr, Gentleman ...
         Carr, William, 17th cent.
      
       
         
           1695
        
      
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             The travellours guide and historians faithful companion giving an account of the most remarkable things and matters relating to the religion, government, custom, manners, laws, pollicies, companies, trade, &c. in all the principal kingdoms, being the 16 years travels of William Carr, Gentleman ...
             Carr, William, 17th cent.
             E. T.
          
           [12], 210, [6] p.
           
             For Eben Tracy,
             [London :
             1695]
          
           
             The "preface to the reader" signed: E.T.
             Imprint from BM. Title page gives 1690 in ms.
             Reproduction of original in British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Voyages and travels.
           Europe -- Description and travel.
           Europe -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           Travellours
           Guide
           AND
           HISTORIANS
           Faithful
           Companion
           :
           Giving
           an
           Account
           of
           the
           most
           Remarkable
           things
           and
           matters
           Relating
           to
           the
           
             Religion
             ,
             Government
             ,
             Custom
             ,
             Manners
             ,
             Laws
             ,
             Pollicies
             ,
             Companies
             ,
             Trade
             ,
          
           &c.
           in
           all
           the
           principal
           Kingdoms
           ,
           States
           ,
           and
           Provinces
           ,
           not
           only
           in
           Europe
           ,
           but
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           World
           ;
           more
           particularly
           
             England
             ,
             Holland
             ,
             Flanders
             ,
             Denmark
             ,
             Sweeden
             ,
             Hamburg
             ,
             Lubeck
             ,
          
           and
           the
           principal
           Cities
           and
           Towns
           of
           the
           German
           Empire
           ,
           Italy
           ,
           and
           its
           Provinces
           ,
           
             Rome
             ,
             France
          
           ,
           &c
           and
           what
           is
           worthy
           of
           Note
           to
           be
           found
           and
           observed
           in
           them
           :
           As
           to
           
             Rivers
             ,
             Cities
             ,
             Pallaces
             ,
             Fortifications
             ,
          
           strong
           
             Towns
             ,
             Castles
             ,
             Churches
             ,
             Antiquities
             ,
          
           and
           divers
           Remarks
           upon
           many
           of
           them
           .
           Instructions
           how
           we
           ought
           to
           behave
           our selves
           in
           Travelling
           :
           The
           Prises
           of
           Land
           and
           Water
           Passages
           ,
           Provisions
           ;
           and
           how
           thereby
           to
           avoid
           many
           Ilconveniencies
           :
           With
           a
           Catalogue
           of
           the
           chief
           Cities
           ,
           &c.
           
           And
           the
           number
           of
           Houses
           every
           one
           of
           them
           are
           said
           to
           contain
           .
           With
           many
           other
           things
           worthy
           of
           Note
           .
        
         
           Being
           the
           16
           Years
           Travels
           of
           
             William
             Carr
          
           ,
           Gentleman
           ,
           
             sometimes
             Consul
          
           for
           the
           English
           at
           Amsterdam
           ,
           in
           Holland
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           PREFACE
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           AS
           Histories
           ,
           Travels
           ,
           and
           the
           description
           of
           the
           Laws
           ,
           Manners
           ,
           Customs
           ,
           and
           divers
           Rarities
           in
           Empires
           ,
           Kingdoms
           ,
           and
           States
           ,
           
           have
           taken
           up
           the
           Care
           and
           Industry
           of
           Judicious
           Men
           ,
           in
           all
           Ages
           ,
           carefully
           to
           Collect
           ,
           and
           Compile
           them
           ,
           to
           increase
           a
           knowledge
           in
           those
           that
           have
           not
           the
           like
           Advantages
           of
           being
           abroad
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           to
           be
           a
           light
           and
           guide
           to
           those
           that
           shall
           make
           their
           Advances
           in
           the
           like
           nature
           ;
           so
           they
           more
           particularly
           redound
           to
           the
           Advantages
           of
           those
           that
           Trade
           ,
           or
           have
           concerns
           of
           any
           moment
           in
           Foreign
           Countrys
           ,
           by
           letting
           them
           be
           sensible
           how
           they
           ought
           prudently
           to
           manage
           their
           Business
           conformable
           to
           the
           constitution
           of
           the
           Government
           they
           happen
           to
           be
           Negotiated
           under
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           a
           true
           notion
           of
           which
           ,
           many
           Errors
           and
           Prejudices
           have
           ensued
           ,
           as
           well
           in
           greater
           as
           lesser
           Affairs
           ;
           so
           that
           Wise
           Men
           have
           blushed
           to
           
           find
           themselves
           insensibly
           mistaken
           for
           want
           of
           seasonable
           Directions
           ,
           that
           would
           easily
           have
           set
           them
           right
           ,
           and
           amongst
           others
           that
           may
           prove
           exceeding
           useful
           ,
           you
           are
           presented
           with
           one
           by
           a
           Learned
           Gentleman
           ,
           sometimes
           a
           Consul
           for
           the
           English
           Nation
           at
           Amsterdam
           ,
           who
           made
           it
           his
           Business
           ,
           for
           Sixteen
           Years
           ,
           to
           visit
           all
           the
           Remarkable
           Places
           in
           Europe
           ;
           and
           has
           given
           such
           an
           exact
           Account
           of
           them
           in
           all
           Material
           Particulars
           ,
           that
           no
           Hist
           r
           an
           has
           ,
           as
           yet
           ,
           come
           up
           with
           him
           in
           an
           even
           line
           ,
           but
           are
           behind
           by
           many
           degrees
           ;
           laying
           a
           perpetual
           obligation
           even
           upon
           the
           Countryes
           themselves
           ,
           for
           being
           so
           faithfully
           particularized
           :
           England
           indeed
           
           is
           but
           lightly
           touched
           on
           ,
           yet
           so
           as
           many
           things
           of
           weight
           and
           moment
           are
           in
           this
           Book
           revived
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           ,
           from
           Oblivion
           ,
           and
           Transactions
           of
           former
           Reigns
           impartially
           related
           .
        
         
           The
           Vnited
           Provinces
           owe
           much
           to
           this
           
             Ingenious
             Pen
          
           ,
           which
           has
           lively
           drawn
           every
           thing
           ,
           that
           is
           Rare
           ,
           and
           Note-worthy
           ,
           in
           their
           Laws
           ,
           Customs
           ,
           raising
           Taxes
           ,
           Shipping
           ,
           their
           Bank
           ,
           East-India
           Company
           ,
           Frugality
           ,
           Wars
           ,
           and
           Trade
           in
           most
           parts
           of
           the
           known
           World
           ;
           with
           many
           Remarkable
           Deliverances
           that
           Common-Wealth
           has
           ,
           in
           late
           years
           ,
           been
           Blessed
           with
           from
           the
           Insults
           and
           Tyranny
           of
           France
           ,
           
           &c.
           
           And
           by
           what
           Pollicies
           they
           have
           defeated
           their
           Enemies
           ,
           and
           Enriched
           themselves
           .
        
         
           The
           same
           ,
           or
           to
           the
           like
           purpose
           ,
           in
           this
           Book
           is
           considered
           in
           
             Denmark
             ,
             Sweeden
          
           ,
           the
           
             Spanish
             Netherlands
          
           ,
           and
           the
           principal
           Towns
           of
           the
           German
           Empire
           ,
           Italy
           ,
           and
           other
           Places
           ,
           with
           particular
           Remarks
           on
           France
           ,
           and
           the
           Affairs
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           all
           of
           it
           being
           Interwoven
           with
           many
           Curious
           Relations
           of
           divers
           Strange
           Things
           ,
           where
           a
           Digression
           is
           any
           ways
           propper
           ,
           or
           that
           they
           may
           fall
           in
           smoothly
           ,
           without
           infringing
           too
           much
           on
           the
           Patience
           of
           the
           Reader
           ;
           it
           being
           in
           the
           
           whole
           Serie
           like
           a
           curious
           Lanskip
           ,
           pleasing
           at
           once
           to
           all
           Capacities
           ,
           unless
           to
           such
           ,
           as
           nothing
           that
           is
           Ingenious
           or
           Reasonable
           is
           taking
           ,
           who
           many
           times
           cavel
           at
           things
           before
           they
           will
           give
           themselves
           leave
           any
           ways
           materially
           to
           consider
           them
           .
        
         
           This
           Famous
           Piece
           was
           written
           indeed
           in
           Holland
           ,
           but
           now
           comes
           over
           speaking
           English
           ,
           that
           this
           Nation
           might
           not
           be
           ignorant
           of
           so
           laboured
           a
           Work
           ,
           the
           Remarking
           of
           which
           in
           so
           many
           sundry
           Nations
           ,
           without
           borrowing
           ,
           or
           that
           but
           a
           very
           little
           ,
           from
           any
           Historians
           ,
           that
           had
           lightly
           touched
           on
           them
           before
           ,
           must
           ,
           beyond
           all
           per
           adventure
           ,
           require
           ,
           
           as
           well
           as
           it
           did
           a
           large
           time
           ,
           great
           Cost
           and
           Industry
           ,
           and
           indeed
           the
           Authors
           stile
           and
           method
           speaks
           him
           no
           less
           than
           a
           man
           fitly
           qualified
           for
           such
           an
           undertaking
           ,
           not
           leaving
           any
           thing
           unpried
           into
           ,
           that
           is
           propper
           to
           be
           a
           link
           in
           the
           Chain
           of
           his
           Discourse
           ;
           for
           though
           the
           Volumn
           boasts
           not
           of
           largeness
           in
           the
           number
           of
           Sheets
           ,
           yet
           in
           what
           it
           treats
           on
           ,
           it
           is
           very
           Copious
           ,
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           sense
           being
           comprized
           in
           few
           words
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           propperest
           way
           of
           Writing
           ,
           and
           most
           pleasing
           to
           the
           Judicious
           .
        
         
           But
           least
           I
           should
           be
           taxed
           with
           Indiscretion
           in
           Elaborating
           in
           Commendation
           
           of
           that
           which
           is
           capable
           of
           Recommending
           it self
           ,
           I
           shall
           Conclude
           in
           a
           few
           Words
           .
           You
           have
           in
           it
           ,
           besides
           what
           has
           been
           mentioned
           ,
           an
           Account
           of
           all
           the
           Remarkable
           Cityes
           of
           Europe
           ,
           whereby
           their
           largeness
           may
           be
           gathered
           from
           the
           number
           of
           Houses
           they
           contain
           ,
           set
           down
           over-against
           them
           ;
           with
           the
           Distances
           of
           Places
           ,
           Bridges
           ,
           Fords
           ,
           or
           Passages
           of
           Rivers
           ,
           and
           many
           Antiquities
           ,
           with
           other
           things
           ;
           so
           that
           it
           may
           be
           termed
           the
           Students
           Library
           ,
           the
           
             Travelors
             Guide
          
           ,
           the
           
             Souldiers
             Companion
          
           ,
           the
           
             Merchants
             Magazine
          
           ,
           and
           the
           States-mans
           
           Consulter
           :
           And
           so
           recommending
           you
           to
           the
           Serious
           Perusal
           of
           it
           ,
           I
           am
           Reader
           ,
        
         
           
             Your
             very
             Humble
             and
             Obliged
             Servant
             E.
             T.
             
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           Some
           Necessarie
           REMARKS
           for
           such
           as
           Entend
           to
           TRAVEL
           Thro
           the
           Province
           of
           HOLLAND
           .
        
         
           AS
           they
           that
           confine
           themselves
           to
           their
           own
           countrie
           have
           not
           the
           opportunitie
           to
           see
           and
           observe
           Rarities
           in
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           world
           :
           so
           such
           as
           goe
           into
           forrain
           places
           ,
           rather
           wander
           at
           Random
           then
           travel
           ,
           who
           hane
           not
           the
           Curiositie
           to
           Commit
           to
           memorie
           or
           writing
           such
           things
           they
           meet
           with
           ,
           both
           for
           thier
           own
           and
           others
           Satisfaction
           ,
           as
           may
           Demonstrate
           the
           fruits
           of
           their
           travels
           .
        
         
           I
           Confesse
           all
           Travellers
           are
           not
           
           of
           alike
           Temper
           :
           Some
           delight
           themselves
           in
           contemplation
           of
           the
           curiosities
           of
           Arts
           ,
           som
           are
           taken
           with
           the
           varieties
           of
           the
           works
           of
           nature
           ,
           others
           speculate
           with
           a
           kind
           of
           Reverence
           the
           decays
           and
           ruins
           of
           Antiquitie
           ,
           others
           studiously
           inform
           themselves
           with
           the
           transactions
           of
           
             Modern
             tymes
          
           ,
           others
           with
           thee
           Gouvernment
           and
           Politie
           ,
           other
           speculate
           the
           strange
           customs
           and
           fashion
           of
           the
           places
           they
           passe
           thro
           ;
           To
           be
           short
           everie
           one
           labors
           to
           entertain
           the
           reader
           with
           those
           objects
           and
           rarities
           of
           forain
           parts
           ,
           his
           Genius
           and
           inclination
           is
           most
           affected
           with
           .
        
         
           As
           to
           my self
           ,
           although
           during
           the
           space
           of
           16
           yeaves
           travel
           ,
           I
           might
           have
           inlarged
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           curiositie
           and
           opportunitie
           I
           have
           had
           in
           the
           rehearsal
           of
           many
           rare
           and
           exquisite
           things
           verie
           observable
           :
           yet
           my
           chiefe
           aime
           was
           to
           make
           such
           remarks
           ,
           as
           might
           most
           contribute
           to
           the
           common
           good
           of
           humane
           
           society
           and
           civil
           life
           ,
           in
           taking
           notice
           of
           the
           Government
           and
           Politie
           of
           the
           several
           States
           and
           Dominions
           where
           I
           have
           been
           ,
           viz.
           The
           
             Vnited
             Provinces
             ,
             Germany
             ,
             Denmark
             ,
             Sweeden
             ,
          
           and
           other
           countries
           ,
           whose
           natural
           temper
           and
           disposition
           seemed
           to
           me
           most
           to
           sympathise
           with
           our
           
             English
             nation
          
           ,
           and
           thereby
           have
           an
           occa●●on
           to
           do
           some
           good
           to
           my
           own
           countrie
           .
           Expect
           not
           Reader
           alike
           punctualness
           ,
           as
           to
           all
           the
           forementioned
           places
           ,
           because
           very
           many
           things
           which
           I
           might
           have
           observed
           ,
           are
           much
           agreeing
           ,
           and
           so
           may
           be
           referred
           ,
           to
           what
           shall
           be
           spoken
           of
           the
           Politie
           and
           Government
           of
           Holland
           ,
           which
           ,
           for
           reasons
           I
           shall
           by
           and
           by
           hint
           at
           ,
           is
           the
           Chief
           End
           I
           aimed
           at
           in
           this
           treatise
           .
        
         
           We
           will
           begin
           then
           in
           the
           first
           place
           with
           the
           Common-wealth
           of
           Holland
           ,
           and
           Dominions
           of
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           which
           for
           some
           years
           
           hath
           been
           in
           a
           declining
           condition
           ,
           and
           their
           forces
           exceedingly
           weakned
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           that
           fatal
           War
           it
           managed
           against
           
             England
             ,
             France
          
           and
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Munster
           ,
           that
           
             Politick
             body
          
           was
           so
           tottered
           and
           torn
           ,
           as
           did
           threaten
           its
           utter
           and
           total
           ruine
           .
        
         
           But
           as
           bodies
           whisher
           natural
           or
           Politick
           ,
           after
           that
           a
           violent
           fit
           hath
           sore
           shaken
           ,
           dissipated
           and
           exhausted
           their
           spirits
           ,
           may
           recover
           vigor
           and
           look
           lively
           again
           ,
           if
           so
           be
           radical
           constitution
           and
           natural
           temper
           be
           not
           wholly
           changed
           and
           depraved
           :
           even
           so
           This
           Common-wealth
           of
           Holland
           hath
           visibly
           recovered
           strength
           again
           and
           probably
           may
           attain
           to
           its
           former
           force
           and
           Lustre
           ,
           except
           some
           depravation
           in
           its
           vital
           humours
           should
           still
           keep
           it
           languishing
           ,
           and
           obstruct
           its
           perfect
           cure
           .
        
         
           We
           will
           therefore
           make
           some
           remarks
           
           as
           to
           the
           defects
           and
           faylings
           (
           observed
           not
           onely
           by
           me
           but
           also
           by
           others
           )
           which
           that
           famous
           Commonwealth
           hath
           of
           late
           yeares
           bin
           guiltie
           of
           :
           which
           I
           shal
           doe
           not
           out
           of
           any
           malice
           or
           disigne
           of
           reflection
           ,
           the
           intention
           of
           writing
           this
           treatise
           being
           simplie
           to
           insert
           those
           defaults
           ,
           which
           the
           wisest
           of
           Authors
           have
           alwayes
           Judged
           necessarie
           not
           onely
           for
           the
           reformation
           of
           this
           ,
           but
           of
           all
           states
           whatsoever
           .
        
         
           This
           Commonwealth
           of
           Holland
           hath
           worthily
           bin
           the
           wonder
           of
           all
           Europe
           during
           this
           last
           age
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           not
           to
           be
           paralled
           in
           the
           records
           of
           former
           tymes
           :
           for
           if
           we
           consider
           how
           many
           yeares
           it
           was
           assaulted
           by
           the
           then
           most
           
             Potent
             Prince
          
           of
           Europe
           ,
           who
           aspired
           to
           no
           les
           then
           the
           
             Vniversal
             Empire
          
           ,
           and
           that
           how
           formidable
           soever
           he
           were
           ,
           yet
           they
           not
           onely
           maintained
           their
           pretensions
           ,
           but
           with
           uninterrupted
           prosperitie
           and
           succesfulnesse
           advanced
           their
           trade
           ,
           and
           spread
           their
           
           conquests
           in
           all
           the
           foure
           parts
           of
           the
           world
           .
        
         
           Rome
           it self
           though
           most
           famous
           and
           victorious
           ,
           yet
           could
           not
           ,
           as
           is
           believed
           ,
           in
           so
           short
           a
           time
           do
           ,
           what
           by
           this
           Commonwealth
           hath
           bin
           effected
           .
           In
           India
           and
           Affrica
           they
           soon
           forced
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           and
           Portugeses
           to
           yeeld
           to
           them
           most
           of
           their
           trade
           and
           posessions
           .
           And
           tho
           England
           put
           in
           for
           a
           share
           ,
           yet
           they
           were
           a
           long
           while
           vigourously
           opposed
           by
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           and
           to
           this
           hour
           have
           enough
           to
           do
           ,
           to
           keep
           what
           they
           have
           gotten
           :
           so
           that
           in
           lesse
           then
           an
           hundred
           years
           this
           Commonwealth
           by
           their
           industrie
           and
           art
           in
           trading
           ,
           are
           becom
           so
           excessive
           rich
           and
           potent
           that
           they
           began
           to
           insult
           and
           would
           needs
           be
           Arbitraters
           to
           their
           neighbourning
           Princes
           and
           States
           ,
           and
           encroach
           upon
           their
           Territories
           and
           Dominions
           .
        
         
           This
           drew
           upon
           them
           that
           fatal
           war
           before
           mentioned
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           were
           sorely
           weakned
           and
           brought
           
           so
           low
           ,
           that
           except
           God
           by
           a
           more
           then
           ordiharie
           Providence
           had
           protected
           and
           appeared
           for
           them
           ,
           they
           had
           certainly
           bin
           ruinated
           and
           never
           able
           to
           recover
           themselves
           again
           ,
           however
           their
           pride
           hereby
           was
           much
           abated
           :
           And
           as
           Luxurie
           and
           lasciviousnes
           are
           the
           sad
           effects
           of
           prosperitie
           ,
           as
           wel
           as
           Pride
           ,
           so
           such
           vices
           in
           a
           
             bodie
             Politick
          
           and
           Common-wealth
           ,
           as
           do
           corrupt
           the
           radical
           humors
           ,
           by
           abating
           the
           vigour
           of
           the
           Vital
           parts
           ,
           doe
           insensible
           tend
           to
           the
           consumption
           and
           decay
           of
           the
           whole
           .
        
         
           That
           this
           Commonwealth
           hath
           much
           recovered
           its
           strength
           ,
           may
           clearly
           appeare
           ,
           if
           we
           consider
           what
           great
           things
           they
           have
           effected
           ,
           since
           the
           little
           time
           they
           have
           enjoyed
           peace
           :
           They
           have
           in
           lesse
           then
           7
           yeares
           built
           about
           40
           gallant
           ships
           of
           war
           ;
           They
           have
           laid
           out
           vast
           sums
           of
           treasure
           in
           refortifying
           
             Narden
             ,
             Mastricht
             ,
             Breda
          
           ,
           the
           Grave
           and
           many
           other
           places
           :
           They
           have
           payd
           
           vast
           sums
           of
           money
           to
           their
           Allies
           for
           their
           auxiliarie
           troopes
           ,
           as
           also
           200000
           pound
           sterling
           to
           the
           King
           of
           England
           to
           Enjoy
           their
           peace
           with
           him
           .
           And
           besides
           all
           this
           their
           Encrease
           in
           Riches
           and
           power
           may
           be
           guest
           at
           ,
           by
           the
           many
           stately
           houses
           built
           within
           these
           5
           years
           in
           Amsterdam
           ,
           Rotterdam
           and
           other
           places
           ;
           to
           all
           which
           we
           may
           ad
           ,
           to
           what
           excessive
           hight
           the
           Actions
           of
           the
           East
           and
           West-Indie
           Companie
           are
           risen
           ,
           and
           the
           obligations
           from
           the
           Sates
           are
           so
           esteemed
           as
           to
           securitie
           ,
           that
           they
           Can
           get
           as
           much
           money
           as
           they
           please
           at
           2
           
             Per
             cent
          
           :
           not
           to
           speak
           ,
           of
           the
           Exceeding
           encrease
           of
           their
           subjects
           ,
           occasioned
           by
           the
           
             French
             Kings
          
           tyrannie
           against
           the
           distressed
           Protestants
           in
           
             France
             ,
             Alsace
          
           and
           other
           parts
           of
           his
           Conquests
           ,
           neither
           wil
           we
           speak
           of
           other
           signes
           of
           the
           encrease
           of
           this
           Commonwealth
           ,
           as
           not
           Judging
           it
           convenient
           to
           commit
           them
           to
           paper
           ,
           but
           wil
           now
           proceed
           
           to
           shew
           the
           Method
           of
           Living
           and
           travelling
           in
           the
           Dominions
           and
           places
           of
           the
           States
           ,
           which
           if
           you
           do
           wel
           consider
           you
           May
           see
           ,
           how
           happie
           and
           easie
           the
           Government
           of
           England
           is
           ,
           above
           that
           of
           other
           Nations
           .
        
         
           The
           Brill
           in
           Holland
           is
           the
           Usual
           place
           where
           the
           Packet
           and
           Kings
           
             pleasure
             boats
          
           bring
           on
           such
           as
           come
           for
           to
           see
           the
           United
           Provinces
           :
           here
           be
           sure
           to
           furnish
           your self
           wel
           with
           money
           .
           From
           hence
           you
           take
           a
           boat
           to
           
             Maseland
             Sluce
          
           or
           Rotterdam
           ,
           which
           if
           you
           goe
           in
           Companie
           with
           others
           ,
           wil
           only
           cost
           you
           5
           stivers
           :
           but
           if
           you
           take
           one
           for
           your self
           ,
           wil
           cost
           25.
           stivers
           for
           
             Maseland
             Sluce
          
           ,
           and
           a
           Ducaton
           to
           Rotterdam
           .
           The
           Fifth
           part
           of
           which
           goes
           to
           the
           States
           for
           a
           tax
           ,
           they
           call
           
             Passagie
             Gelt
          
           :
           and
           the
           other
           4
           parts
           are
           for
           the
           boat-Men
           or
           Shippers
           ,
           who
           also
           out
           of
           their
           gaines
           must
           Pay
           a
           tax
           to
           the
           States
           ,
           so
           that
           by
           computation
           you
           pay
           a
           fift
           pennie
           to
           the
           
           States
           for
           your
           travelling
           either
           in
           boats
           by
           water
           ,
           or
           in
           waggons
           by
           land
           .
        
         
           As
           you
           passe
           by
           
             Maseland
             Sluce
          
           you
           'l
           see
           a
           verie
           faire
           fishing
           village
           ,
           to
           which
           belong
           near
           two
           hundred
           
             Herring
             Buisses
          
           ,
           but
           if
           you
           goe
           by
           the
           way
           of
           Rotterdam
           you
           sail
           by
           two
           old
           Townes
           Called
           Flardin
           and
           Schiedam
           :
           yet
           let
           me
           advise
           you
           before
           you
           depart
           from
           the
           Bril
           ,
           to
           take
           a
           serious
           view
           of
           it
           ,
           as
           beeing
           the
           citie
           which
           in
           
             Queen
             Elisabeths
          
           time
           was
           one
           of
           the
           
             Cautionarie
             Townes
          
           pawned
           to
           England
           .
           The
           Brill
           had
           a
           voyce
           among
           the
           States
           ,
           but
           by
           reason
           Rotterdam
           hath
           got
           away
           their
           Trade
           ,
           by
           which
           having
           lost
           its
           former
           lustre
           ,
           is
           now
           become
           afishing
           town
           onely
           .
        
         
           Rotterdam
           is
           the
           second
           Citie
           for
           trade
           in
           Holland
           and
           by
           some
           is
           caled
           
             little
             London
          
           ,
           as
           having
           vast
           traffick
           with
           England
           ,
           in
           so
           much
           that
           many
           of
           the
           citisens
           speak
           good
           English
           .
           There
           are
           in
           this
           citie
           two
           
           considerable
           Churches
           of
           English
           and
           Scotch
           :
           and
           how
           great
           a
           trade
           they
           drive
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Englands
           subjects
           is
           evident
           ,
           for
           in
           the
           yeare
           1674
           at
           the
           opening
           of
           the
           waters
           after
           a
           great
           frost
           ,
           there
           departed
           out
           of
           Rotterdam
           300
           Sail
           of
           Englesh
           ,
           Scotch
           and
           Irish
           Ships
           at
           once
           with
           an
           Easterly
           wind
           :
           And
           if
           a
           reason
           should
           be
           demanded
           how
           it
           coms
           to
           passe
           ,
           that
           so
           many
           English
           Ships
           should
           frequently
           com
           to
           that
           haven
           ?
           It
           is
           casilie
           answered
           ,
           because
           they
           can
           ordinarily
           Load
           and
           unload
           ,
           and
           make
           returns
           to
           England
           from
           Rotterdam
           ,
           before
           a
           Ship
           can
           get
           clear
           from
           Amsterdam
           and
           the
           Texel
           :
           And
           therfore
           your
           English
           Merchants
           find
           it
           Cheaper
           and
           more
           commodious
           for
           trade
           ,
           that
           after
           their
           goods
           are
           arrived
           at
           Rotterdam
           ,
           to
           send
           their
           goods
           in
           boats
           Landward
           in
           ,
           to
           Amsterdam
           .
        
         
           This
           citie
           is
           famous
           as
           beeing
           the
           place
           where
           Great
           Erasmus
           was
           
           born
           ,
           whose
           Statue
           of
           Brasse
           stands
           erected
           in
           the
           Market
           place
           ;
           And
           although
           the
           buldings
           here
           are
           not
           so
           superb
           as
           those
           of
           
             Amsterdam
             ,
             Leyden
          
           or
           Harlem
           ,
           yet
           the
           places
           worth
           the
           seeing
           ,
           are
           ,
           first
           the
           
             Great
             Church
          
           where
           Several
           Admirals
           Lay
           Stately
           Entombed
           ,
           here
           you
           see
           their
           
             Admiraltie
             ,
             East
             Indie
          
           ,
           and
           Stathouses
           together
           with
           that
           caled
           ,
           
             hot
             Gemeen
             Lands
             Huis
          
           .
        
         
           From
           Rotterdam
           you
           may
           for
           5
           stivers
           have
           a
           boat
           to
           bring
           you
           to
           Delph
           ,
           but
           before
           you
           com
           thither
           you
           passe
           thro
           a
           faire
           village
           called
           Overschie
           ,
           where
           the
           French
           and
           English
           youths
           are
           trayned
           up
           in
           litterature
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           Latin
           and
           Dutch
           tongue
           ,
           
             Booke
             keeping
          
           ,
           &c
           :
           from
           thence
           in
           the
           same
           boat
           you
           com
           to
           Delph
           which
           is
           famous
           for
           making
           of
           Porceline
           to
           that
           degree
           ,
           that
           it
           much
           resembles
           the
           China
           ,
           but
           onely
           it
           is
           not
           transparent
           .
        
         
           In
           Delph
           is
           the
           great
           Magasin
           of
           Arms
           for
           the
           whole
           Province
           of
           
           Holland
           :
           Their
           churches
           are
           verie
           large
           ,
           in
           one
           of
           which
           are
           Tombs
           of
           the
           
             Princes
             of
             Orange
             ,
             Admiral
             Tromp
          
           and
           General
           Morgans
           Ladie
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Cloyster
           over
           against
           the
           Church
           you
           have
           an
           Inscription
           in
           a
           Pillar
           of
           Brasse
           ,
           shewing
           after
           what
           manner
           William
           the
           1
           ,
           that
           famous
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           was
           Shot
           to
           death
           by
           a
           miscreant
           Jesuist
           ,
           with
           his
           deserved
           punishment
           .
        
         
           Delph
           hath
           the
           3
           d
           voyce
           in
           the
           
             States
             of
             Holland
          
           ,
           and
           sends
           its
           Deputies
           unto
           the
           Colledge
           of
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           ,
           and
           to
           all
           other
           colledges
           of
           the
           Commonwealth
           .
           They
           have
           also
           a
           Chamber
           in
           the
           
             East-Indie
             Companie
          
           ,
           as
           shal
           be
           more
           largely
           spoken
           to
           ,
           when
           we
           shal
           com
           to
           treat
           of
           the
           State
           of
           the
           said
           Companie
           .
        
         
           From
           Delph
           you
           may
           by
           boat
           be
           brought
           to
           the
           Hague
           for
           2
           Stivers
           and
           an
           halfe
           :
           Which
           is
           accounted
           the
           fairest
           Village
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           both
           for
           Pompous
           buildings
           and
           the
           largenes
           
           thereof
           ;
           Here
           the
           
             Princes
             of
             Orange
          
           hold
           their
           Residence
           :
           as
           also
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           and
           the
           
             Councel
             of
             State
          
           ,
           Here
           you
           have
           the
           
             Courts
             of
             Justice
             ,
             Chancerie
          
           ,
           and
           other
           
             Courts
             of
             Law.
          
           Here
           you
           see
           that
           
             Great
             Hall
          
           ,
           in
           which
           many
           Hundreds
           of
           coulers
           are
           hung
           up
           in
           Trophie
           ,
           taken
           from
           the
           
             Emperor
             ,
             Spaniard
          
           and
           other
           Potentates
           with
           whom
           they
           have
           waged
           war.
           There
           
             Councel
             Chambers
          
           are
           admired
           by
           all
           that
           see
           them
           .
           Many
           faire
           Libraries
           they
           have
           belonging
           to
           particular
           men
           .
           The
           
             Princes
             Pallace
          
           is
           a
           most
           superb
           building
           ,
           And
           there
           are
           many
           costlie
           Gardins
           adjoyning
           to
           the
           Hague
           ,
           together
           with
           that
           to
           the
           
             Princes
             house
          
           in
           the
           Woad
           ,
           in
           which
           house
           are
           in
           a
           large
           Hall
           the
           most
           rare
           and
           costly
           Pictures
           of
           Europe
           ,
           there
           also
           are
           those
           magnificent
           and
           unparalled
           Gardins
           of
           the
           Heer
           Bentham
           ,
           of
           Amesland
           and
           others
           .
           I
           might
           here
           speak
           of
           the
           splendor
           of
           the
           Prince
           
           of
           Orange
           his
           Court
           ,
           of
           his
           noble
           virtues
           and
           valour
           ,
           of
           the
           most
           virtuous
           and
           Beautiful
           Princesse
           his
           royal
           confort
           ,
           but
           I
           dare
           not
           ,
           least
           I
           should
           infinitely
           fal
           short
           of
           what
           ought
           to
           be
           ,
           and
           which
           others
           have
           alreadie
           don
           before
           me
           :
           and
           therfore
           leaving
           the
           Hague
           ,
           I
           shal
           onely
           tel
           you
           that
           from
           thence
           you
           may
           for
           7
           Stivers
           have
           a
           boat
           to
           bring
           you
           to
           
             Leyden
             .
             Leyden
          
           is
           a
           faire
           and
           great
           citie
           ,
           and
           the
           Universitie
           is
           verie
           famous
           ,
           beeing
           frequented
           by
           1000
           of
           Students
           from
           all
           parts
           ,
           as
           
             Hungarie
             ,
             Poland
             ,
             Germanie
          
           ,
           yea
           from
           the
           
             Ottomans
             Empire
          
           it self
           ,
           who
           pretend
           to
           be
           grecians
           ,
           besides
           the
           English
           ,
           Scots
           and
           Irish
           ,
           who
           this
           years
           were
           numbred
           to
           be
           above
           80.
           
        
         
           The
           most
           remarkable
           things
           here
           to
           be
           seen
           ,
           I
           shal
           summarilie
           set
           down
           :
           As
           the
           place
           called
           the
           Bergh
           ,
           formerly
           a
           Castle
           belonging
           to
           the
           Prince
           of
           Liege
           in
           Flanders
           :
           The
           Stathowse
           ,
           the
           Vniversitie
           Schooles
           ,
           
           specially
           that
           of
           the
           Anatomie
           ,
           which
           excels
           all
           the
           Anatomie
           Schooles
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           a
           Book
           of
           the
           rarities
           whereof
           you
           may
           have
           for
           6
           Stivers
           ,
           their
           
             Physick
             Garden
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Professors
           Closet
           are
           al
           ravishing
           in
           rare
           Curiosities
           .
           But
           as
           to
           their
           Colledges
           ,
           they
           are
           but
           two
           and
           verie
           small
           ,
           not
           ro
           be
           compared
           with
           the
           smallest
           Hals
           in
           Oxford
           ,
           neither
           have
           they
           any
           endowments
           ,
           their
           maintenance
           being
           onely
           from
           the
           charitable
           collections
           of
           the
           Ministers
           of
           Holland
           ,
           neyther
           are
           any
           Students
           to
           remain
           longer
           there
           ,
           then
           til
           they
           attain
           the
           degree
           of
           Batchelers
           of
           Art
           :
           One
           of
           the
           Curators
           beeing
           demaunded
           by
           me
           ,
           why
           so
           rich
           a
           Commonwealth
           as
           Holland
           is
           ,
           did
           not
           build
           and
           endow
           Colledges
           after
           the
           manner
           of
           Oxford
           and
           Cambridge
           ,
           answered
           they
           had
           not
           so
           many
           able
           and
           publick
           spirited
           men
           as
           are
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           to
           deal
           plainly
           with
           you
           ,
           said
           he
           ,
           had
           we
           such
           Colledges
           ,
           our
           
           Burgemasters
           and
           Magistrates
           would
           fil
           them
           with
           their
           own
           and
           their
           friends
           sons
           ,
           who
           by
           leading
           a
           lazie
           and
           idle
           life
           would
           never
           becom
           capable
           to
           serve
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           and
           therefore
           he
           judged
           it
           much
           better
           to
           put
           them
           to
           Pension
           in
           Burgers
           howses
           ,
           leaveing
           them
           to
           the
           care
           of
           the
           Professors
           ,
           who
           are
           verie
           diligent
           in
           keeping
           the
           Students
           at
           their
           exercises
           ,
           both
           at
           Publick
           lectures
           and
           in
           their
           private
           howses
           also
           ,
           where
           they
           cause
           them
           Punctually
           at
           their
           appointed
           houres
           to
           come
           to
           their
           examinations
           and
           lectures
           ,
           besides
           those
           they
           have
           in
           Publick
           .
           Thier
           churches
           are
           rare
           ,
           so
           are
           the
           walks
           round
           the
           citie
           ,
           and
           the
           fortifications
           verie
           pleasing
           to
           behold
           .
           Here
           you
           have
           the
           
             River
             Rhine
          
           running
           through
           the
           citie
           and
           falling
           into
           it
           from
           
             Catwyckop
             Zee
             .
             Leyden
          
           is
           verie
           famous
           in
           historie
           ,
           for
           the
           long
           Siege
           it
           held
           out
           against
           the
           Spaniard
           .
           From
           hence
           for
           twelve
           stivers
           and
           an
           half
           you
           are
           brought
           
           to
           Harlem
           by
           water
           ,
           being
           twelve
           English
           miles
           .
        
         
           Harlem
           is
           famous
           in
           that
           Costor
           one
           of
           their
           Burgers
           ,
           first
           invented
           the
           
             Art
             of
             Printing
          
           .
           This
           Costor
           beeing
           suspected
           to
           be
           a
           Conjurer
           ,
           was
           fain
           to
           flee
           from
           Harlem
           to
           Cologne
           in
           Germany
           ,
           and
           there
           Perfected
           his
           Invention
           ,
           having
           in
           Harlem
           onely
           found
           out
           the
           way
           of
           printing
           on
           one
           side
           of
           the
           Paper
           .
           The
           first
           book
           he
           ever
           printed
           is
           kept
           in
           the
           Stathouse
           ,
           for
           those
           that
           are
           curious
           to
           see
           it
           .
           Here
           is
           one
           of
           the
           fairest
           and
           largest
           Churches
           of
           the
           17
           Provinces
           ,
           in
           the
           wals
           whereof
           there
           remain
           to
           this
           day
           sticking
           
             canon
             Bullets
          
           ,
           shot
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           during
           the
           Siege
           thereof
           .
           In
           this
           Church
           are
           three
           Organs
           ,
           as
           also
           the
           model
           of
           the
           three
           Ships
           ,
           that
           sayled
           from
           Harlem
           to
           .
           Damiater
           ,
           seasing
           the
           Castle
           in
           which
           the
           Earl
           of
           Holland
           was
           kept
           prisoner
           ,
           and
           brought
           him
           away
           to
           Holland
           :
           In
           the
           Tower
           of
           this
           Church
           hang
           two
           
           silver
           bels
           which
           they
           also
           brought
           from
           thence
           ,
           and
           now
           ring
           them
           everie
           night
           at
           nine
           a
           clock
           .
        
         
           Harlem
           is
           renowned
           for
           making
           the
           finest
           linnen
           cloth
           ,
           Tyfinies
           Dammasks
           and
           silk
           Stufs
           ;
           also
           Ribands
           and
           Tapes
           ;
           They
           have
           Mils
           by
           which
           they
           can
           weave
           fortie
           and
           50
           Pieces
           at
           a
           time
           ,
           they
           make
           the
           finest
           white
           thread
           and
           Tapes
           for
           lace
           in
           the
           whole
           world
           ,
           there
           Bleacheries
           surpas
           al
           other
           whatsoever
           ,
           their
           waters
           whitening
           cloath
           better
           then
           any
           in
           the
           seventeen
           Provinces
           :
           They
           have
           a
           most
           pleasant
           grove
           like
           a
           little
           Wood
           ,
           divided
           into
           Walks
           where
           on
           Sondays
           and
           holly
           dayes
           the
           Citisens
           of
           Amsterdam
           and
           other
           places
           come
           to
           take
           their
           pleasure
           .
           Harlem
           is
           the
           second
           citie
           of
           Holland
           and
           sends
           in
           Deputies
           unto
           all
           the
           Colledges
           of
           the
           Gouvernment
           .
           From
           hence
           you
           have
           a
           passage
           by
           boat
           to
           Amsterdam
           for
           six
           stivers
           ,
           but
           when
           you
           are
           come
           half
           way
           you
           must
           step
           out
           of
           one
           boat
           to
           goe
           into
           
           another
           ,
           where
           you
           see
           a
           Stately
           Pallace
           ,
           where
           the
           Lords
           ,
           called
           Dykgraves
           sit
           ,
           Everie
           one
           of
           these
           Lords
           hath
           his
           Apartment
           when
           he
           coms
           for
           the
           concerns
           of
           the
           Sea-dykes
           ,
           and
           bancks
           :
           here
           are
           also
           2
           large
           Sluces
           having
           gates
           to
           let
           in
           or
           out
           water
           from
           the
           
             Harlemmer
             Meer
          
           .
           Near
           this
           place
           about
           Ano
           :
           1672
           a
           part
           of
           the
           Seabanck
           was
           broken
           by
           a
           strong
           Northwest
           wind
           ,
           drowning
           all
           the
           land
           betwixt
           Amsterdam
           and
           Harlem
           ,
           which
           cost
           an
           incredible
           vast
           sum
           to
           have
           it
           repaired
           .
           They
           sunck
           in
           this
           breach
           400
           smal
           vessels
           fild
           with
           earth
           and
           stones
           for
           a
           foundation
           to
           rebuild
           the
           wal
           upon
           ,
           and
           by
           unspeakable
           industrie
           and
           charges
           at
           last
           repaired
           the
           Banck
           .
        
         
           I
           come
           now
           to
           speak
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           which
           having
           bin
           the
           place
           of
           my
           abode
           for
           several
           yeares
           ,
           I
           shal
           give
           a
           more
           large
           and
           punctual
           account
           thereof
           then
           I
           doe
           of
           other
           places
           ;
           It
           is
           esteemed
           by
           Intelligent
           men
           the
           second
           citie
           in
           the
           world
           for
           
           trade
           ,
           and
           not
           inferiour
           to
           any
           in
           wealth
           .
           Certainly
           Amsterdam
           is
           one
           of
           the
           beautifullest
           cities
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           their
           buildings
           are
           large
           ,
           their
           streets
           for
           the
           most
           part
           pleasantly
           planted
           with
           trees
           &
           paved
           so
           neatly
           ,
           as
           is
           to
           be
           found
           no
           where
           els
           in
           any
           other
           Countrie
           ,
           save
           in
           some
           of
           the
           17
           Provinces
           .
           And
           although
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           alreadie
           said
           ,
           Amsterdam
           may
           Justly
           be
           taken
           for
           the
           second
           or
           third
           citie
           after
           London
           and
           Paris
           ,
           yet
           it
           hath
           neither
           
             Court
             nor
             Vniversitie
          
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           .
           And
           now
           in
           treating
           of
           all
           the
           excellencies
           and
           virtues
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           I
           shal
           not
           hyperbolise
           ,
           or
           flatter
           :
           for
           before
           I
           have
           don
           you
           shal
           see
           ,
           I
           shal
           also
           faithfully
           declaime
           against
           the
           evils
           ,
           mistakes
           and
           vices
           in
           it
           .
        
         
           Amsterdam
           stands
           upon
           a
           thousand
           Morgans
           of
           Land
           ,
           encompassed
           with
           a
           verie
           strong
           wal
           and
           Bastions
           most
           pleasant
           to
           behold
           ,
           with
           a
           verie
           large
           Burgwal
           or
           Gracht
           as
           they
           cal
           it
           ,
           for
           the
           defence
           of
           three
           parts
           
           
           
           
           
           of
           the
           citie
           ,
           the
           fourth
           being
           secured
           by
           the
           sea
           or
           Ty.
           There
           are
           13
           Churches
           in
           this
           citie
           for
           those
           of
           the
           reformed
           religion
           (
           called
           dutch
           Presbiterians
           )
           to
           meet
           and
           worship
           in
           ,
           with
           two
           Frencb
           ,
           one
           Highdutch
           and
           one
           English
           ,
           all
           Presbiterian
           Churches
           ,
           who
           onely
           are
           alowed
           Bels
           ,
           and
           whose
           Ministers
           are
           maintaynd
           by
           the
           Magistrate
           .
           All
           these
           Churches
           or
           congregations
           make
           up
           onely
           a
           third
           part
           of
           the
           Inhabitants
           of
           the
           citie
           :
           The
           Papists
           who
           have
           eightie
           five
           howses
           or
           Chappels
           to
           meet
           in
           for
           their
           worship
           ,
           make
           another
           third
           part
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           long
           square
           of
           howses
           for
           their
           Nuns
           tolive
           in
           ,
           who
           are
           not
           shut
           up
           in
           Cloysters
           ,
           as
           in
           Papists
           countries
           they
           are
           wont
           to
           doe
           ,
           but
           may
           goe
           in
           and
           out
           at
           their
           pleasure
           ,
           yea
           and
           marrie
           also
           if
           they
           grow
           wearie
           of
           a
           Nunnish
           life
           :
           These
           Churches
           of
           the
           Papists
           have
           no
           bels
           allowed
           them
           ,
           beeing
           lookt
           upon
           as
           conventicles
           ,
           and
           are
           many
           times
           
           shut
           up
           ,
           and
           again
           opened
           at
           the
           Scouts
           pleasure
           .
           The
           other
           third
           part
           of
           the
           citie
           is
           made
           up
           by
           
             Jewes
             ,
             Lutherans
             ,
             Arminians
             ,
             Brownists
          
           or
           English
           Independents
           ,
           Anabaptists
           and
           the
           Quakers
           :
           None
           of
           which
           ,
           as
           was
           also
           said
           of
           the
           Papists
           ,
           have
           bels
           allowed
           them
           ,
           but
           are
           accounted
           Conventicles
           :
           and
           all
           that
           marie
           amongst
           them
           ,
           must
           first
           be
           maried
           by
           the
           Magistrate
           ,
           and
           then
           if
           they
           pease
           among
           themselves
           in
           their
           own
           assemblies
           ,
           neyther
           are
           any
           of
           them
           admitted
           unto
           any
           Office
           in
           the
           Government
           ,
           but
           onely
           such
           as
           are
           of
           the
           reformed
           or
           Presbiterian
           profession
           .
        
         
           The
           Jewes
           who
           are
           verie
           considerable
           in
           the
           trade
           of
           this
           citie
           have
           two
           Synagogues
           ,
           one
           whereof
           is
           the
           Largest
           in
           Christendom
           ,
           and
           as
           some
           say
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           sure
           I
           am
           ,
           it
           far
           exceeds
           ,
           those
           in
           
             Rome
             ,
             venice
          
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           places
           where
           I
           have
           bin
           :
           Within
           the
           
             Court
             yard
          
           where
           their
           Synagogue
           stands
           ,
           they
           have
           several
           
           Roomes
           or
           schooles
           ,
           where
           their
           children
           are
           taught
           Hebrew
           ,
           and
           verie
           carefully
           ,
           to
           the
           shame
           of
           Christians
           negligence
           ,
           brought
           up
           and
           instruckted
           in
           the
           Jewish
           principles
           .
        
         
           Amsterdam
           for
           the
           wise
           Statesmen
           it
           hath
           produced
           ,
           is
           said
           to
           be
           a
           second
           Athens
           :
           others
           make
           it
           the
           Storehowse
           or
           Magasin
           of
           Europe
           ,
           for
           that
           it
           hath
           such
           great
           store
           of
           Corne
           ,
           wherewith
           it
           furnishes
           many
           other
           nations
           .
           And
           secondly
           for
           the
           exceeding
           great
           Magasin
           of
           Spices
           ,
           which
           in
           antient
           times
           the
           Venetians
           brought
           by
           land
           ,
           furnishing
           all
           parts
           of
           Europe
           ,
           but
           now
           is
           don
           by
           the
           East-Indie
           Companie
           which
           not
           onely
           supplyes
           Europe
           therewith
           ,
           but
           many
           places
           in
           the
           Indies
           also
           .
           Thirdly
           it
           hath
           inconceivable
           store
           of
           al
           manner
           of
           provisions
           for
           war
           ,
           In
           so
           much
           that
           England
           and
           divers
           other
           nations
           send
           to
           Amsterdam
           to
           buy
           
             Arms
             ,
             Bufcoats
             ,
             Belts
             ,
             Match
             &c
             :
          
           yea
           here
           are
           several
           Shopkeepers
           who
           can
           
           deliver
           Armes
           for
           4000
           or
           5000
           men
           ,
           and
           at
           a
           cheaper
           rate
           then
           can
           be
           got
           any
           where
           else
           ,
           and
           this
           they
           can
           doe
           by
           reason
           of
           their
           great
           Industry
           in
           the
           Ingrossing
           most
           of
           the
           Iron
           workes
           on
           the
           Rhine
           and
           other
           Rivers
           which
           run
           into
           Holland
           .
           Forthly
           Amsterdam
           hath
           more
           store
           of
           sawed
           and
           prepared
           Tymber
           for
           shipping
           then
           can
           be
           found
           in
           any
           one
           Nation
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           this
           is
           the
           reason
           why
           her
           Neighbour
           town
           Sardam
           is
           made
           capable
           of
           Building
           ships
           20
           per
           cent
           cheaper
           then
           they
           can
           doe
           in
           England
           or
           France
           :
           So
           that
           both
           France
           ,
           and
           Spaine
           do
           many
           times
           buy
           them
           in
           Holland
           :
           as
           lately
           the
           King
           of
           Spaine
           bought
           10
           Capital
           Ships
           of
           the
           two
           Brothers
           the
           Melts
           Merchants
           in
           this
           citie
           .
           Fifthly
           Amsterdam
           is
           the
           staple
           where
           the
           Emperor
           sels
           his
           Quicksilver
           not
           only
           to
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           to
           use
           in
           his
           mines
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           but
           for
           the
           making
           of
           Cinoprium
           or
           Vermillion
           ,
           with
           which
           Amsterdam
           furnisheth
           not
           only
           
           Europe
           ,
           but
           many
           places
           in
           the
           Indies
           .
        
         
           Sixtly
           Amsterdam
           is
           the
           Market
           where
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           bought
           his
           Marble
           for
           
             Versellis
             Louvre
          
           ,
           and
           other
           of
           his
           Palaces
           in
           France
           :
           There
           are
           such
           Vast
           Magasins
           in
           Amsterdam
           that
           a
           man
           would
           think
           ,
           that
           sees
           them
           ,
           there
           were
           Quaries
           of
           Marble
           neare
           the
           City
           Gates
           .
           Seaventhly
           Amsterdam
           hath
           the
           most
           considerable
           Bank
           that
           now
           is
           in
           the
           whole
           World
           ;
           I
           have
           compared
           the
           Bank
           of
           Venice
           with
           that
           of
           Genua
           and
           both
           their
           Banks
           write
           not
           of
           so
           much
           money
           in
           two
           dayes
           as
           Amsterdam
           doth
           in
           one
           :
           further
           I
           have
           compared
           the
           Bank
           of
           Venice
           with
           Hamburg
           and
           find
           both
           those
           Banks
           fall
           very
           much
           short
           with
           the
           bank
           of
           Amsterdam
           .
           There
           are
           many
           other
           particulars
           I
           could
           name
           ,
           as
           Arguments
           to
           prove
           the
           great
           Riches
           &
           Trade
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           as
           those
           vast
           Quantities
           of
           Wynes
           ,
           &
           Brandewynes
           they
           sell
           in
           the
           
           
             North
             &
             Eastseas
          
           ,
           &
           those
           vast
           Countryes
           adjoyning
           thereunto
           ,
           from
           whence
           they
           bring
           
             Hemp
             ,
             Pitch
             &
             Tar
          
           ,
           &
           furnish
           
             France
             ,
             Italy
             &
             Spain
          
           with
           the
           same
           ,
           &
           they
           likewise
           have
           much
           Ingrossed
           the
           Copper
           &
           Iron
           of
           Sweedland
           .
           I
           will
           say
           no
           more
           of
           her
           stores
           &
           Magazins
           ,
           but
           shall
           in
           the
           next
           place
           say
           some
           thing
           of
           her
           Churches
           &
           Charitie
           to
           the
           Poore
           .
           I
           will
           not
           speake
           much
           of
           her
           Churches
           ,
           but
           only
           that
           they
           are
           in
           General
           large
           and
           well
           built
           :
           In
           one
           of
           them
           the
           States
           have
           Spared
           no
           cost
           to
           exceed
           the
           whole
           world
           in
           3
           things
           (
           Viz
           )
           an
           Organ
           with
           sets
           of
           Pipes
           that
           counterfit
           a
           Corus
           of
           Voyces
           ,
           it
           hath
           52
           whole
           stops
           besides
           halfe
           stops
           ,
           &
           hath
           2
           rowes
           of
           Keyes
           for
           the
           feet
           ,
           and
           three
           rowes
           of
           Keyes
           for
           the
           Hands
           ;
           I
           have
           had
           people
           of
           Quality
           to
           heare
           it
           play
           ,
           who
           could
           not
           believe
           but
           that
           there
           were
           men
           or
           Women
           above
           singing
           in
           the
           Organ
           ,
           untill
           
           they
           were
           convinced
           by
           goeing
           up
           into
           the
           Organ
           Roome
           .
           The
           second
           is
           such
           a
           large
           Carved
           Pulpet
           &
           Canapie
           as
           cannot
           be
           found
           elsewhere
           in
           the
           world
           ;
           The
           third
           is
           a
           Screene
           of
           brasle
           .
        
         
           The
           Stathouse
           in
           this
           Citty
           is
           a
           wonderfull
           superb
           Building
           ,
           on
           the
           uppermost
           part
           of
           which
           is
           a
           large
           Magazin
           of
           Armes
           .
           The
           
             Copper
             Statues
          
           that
           stand
           on
           top
           of
           the
           Stathouse
           are
           very
           large
           &
           peeces
           Exellently
           cast
           ,
           Espetially
           that
           called
           Atlas
           ,
           who
           hath
           a
           Globe
           of
           the
           world
           on
           his
           back
           that
           will
           hold
           30
           Barels
           of
           water
           ,
           for
           me
           to
           speake
           of
           the
           several
           rarityes
           of
           Pictures
           ,
           Carved
           works
           &
           marble
           in
           this
           Stathouse
           ,
           &
           of
           the
           
             Globes
             Celestiall
             &
             Terrestriall
          
           that
           are
           on
           the
           floor
           of
           the
           
             great
             Hall
          
           ,
           would
           make
           a
           Booke
           of
           it selfe
           ;
           I
           therefore
           will
           speake
           of
           their
           Almeshouses
           &
           of
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           poore
           ,
           of
           their
           Prisons
           &
           houses
           of
           Correction
           .
           This
           Citty
           is
           said
           to
           have
           20000
           
           poore
           Every
           day
           at
           Bed
           &
           board
           .
           The
           Almeshouses
           are
           many
           &
           look
           more
           like
           
             Princes
             Palaces
          
           then
           Lodgings
           for
           poore
           people
           ;
           First
           there
           are
           houses
           for
           poor
           
             Ouldmen
             &
             Women
          
           ,
           then
           a
           large
           square
           Palace
           for
           300
           Widdowes
           ,
           then
           there
           are
           Hospitals
           for
           Boyes
           &
           Girles
           ,
           for
           Burgers
           Children
           &
           for
           strangers
           Children
           ,
           or
           those
           cald
           Foundlings
           ,
           all
           these
           boyes
           &
           girles
           have
           Every
           sonday
           &
           other
           dayes
           of
           Worship
           2
           doites
           given
           them
           by
           the
           Fathers
           of
           these
           Houses
           ,
           the
           which
           the
           Children
           put
           into
           the
           Deacons
           sack
           when
           they
           gather
           for
           the
           Poore
           in
           the
           Churches
           ;
           Then
           there
           is
           an
           Hospital
           for
           fooles
           ,
           &
           a
           Bedlam
           :
           There
           are
           Houses
           where
           Common
           Beggers
           &
           Gamesters
           &
           frequenters
           of
           Taphouses
           are
           Kept
           hard
           at
           work
           :
           There
           is
           also
           a
           House
           called
           the
           Rasphouse
           where
           petty
           Theeues
           &
           such
           as
           slash
           one
           another
           with
           Knives
           ,
           such
           as
           beg
           with
           cheating
           devises
           ,
           women
           with
           fained
           
           great
           Bellyes
           ,
           men
           pretending
           to
           have
           been
           taken
           by
           the
           Turk
           ,
           others
           that
           pretend
           wrack
           at
           sea
           ,
           &
           such
           as
           beg
           with
           a
           Clapper
           or
           a
           Bell
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           could
           not
           speake
           or
           heare
           ,
           such
           as
           these
           are
           kept
           hard
           at
           work
           ,
           Rasping
           Every
           day
           50
           pounds
           between
           2
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           Else
           are
           beaten
           with
           a
           Bulls
           Pissel
           ,
           &
           if
           yet
           thy
           rebel
           &
           wont
           work
           ,
           they
           are
           set
           in
           a
           Tub
           where
           if
           they
           doe
           not
           pump
           the
           water
           will
           swell
           over
           their
           heads
           ;
           Then
           there
           is
           a
           House
           where
           whores
           are
           Kept
           to
           worke
           ,
           as
           also
           disobedient
           Children
           who
           live
           Idle
           &
           take
           no
           course
           to
           maintain
           themselves
           ,
           likewise
           Women
           commonly
           drinking
           themselves
           drunck
           ,
           and
           scolds
           ;
           Althese
           sorts
           of
           
             Hospitals
             &
             Almeshouses
          
           are
           Stately
           Buildings
           richly
           adorned
           with
           Pictures
           &
           their
           Lodgings
           very
           neat
           &
           cleane
           .
           In
           some
           of
           the
           Boyes
           &
           Girles
           Hospitals
           there
           are
           1500
           in
           some
           800
           &
           in
           some
           500
           in
           a
           House
           ;
           Then
           they
           have
           Houses
           where
           a
           man
           or
           a
           
           Woman
           may
           have
           their
           Dyet
           ,
           washing
           &
           Lodging
           for
           his
           life
           ,
           giving
           a
           small
           summe
           of
           money
           :
           These
           are
           called
           Brouders
           houses
           ,
           the
           Almes
           Children
           of
           this
           citie
           are
           held
           in
           such
           Veneration
           &
           respect
           that
           a
           man
           had
           as
           good
           strike
           a
           Burgemasters
           Child
           as
           one
           of
           them
           .
           These
           Children
           are
           permitted
           to
           travel
           in
           any
           of
           the
           Treckscuts
           freely
           without
           money
           ;
           These
           Hospitals
           are
           Governed
           by
           Men
           &
           women
           ,
           as
           are
           of
           an
           unspotted
           life
           &
           reputed
           to
           be
           rich
           ,
           devout
           &
           pious
           ,
           it
           is
           very
           observable
           that
           the
           Women
           Governe
           their
           Women
           Hospitals
           better
           then
           the
           men
           do
           theirs
           yea
           it
           is
           a
           General
           observation
           in
           this
           Country
           ,
           that
           where
           the
           Women
           have
           the
           direction
           of
           the
           purse
           &
           Trade
           ,
           the
           husband
           seldom
           prove
           Bankrupts
           ,
           it
           being
           the
           propertie
           of
           a
           true
           borne
           Hollands-wife
           presently
           after
           marriage
           to
           apply
           her selfe
           wholly
           to
           ber
           Business
           ;
           but
           I
           forbear
           to
           say
           any
           more
           of
           the
           Duch
           
           Houswives
           ,
           for
           feare
           of
           displeasing
           our
           English
           Dames
           ,
           not
           so
           much
           addicted
           ,
           at
           least
           not
           so
           Generally
           bred
           up
           to
           Industry
           ;
           but
           to
           returne
           to
           the
           Acts
           of
           Charitie
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           the
           which
           is
           so
           Extraordinary
           that
           they
           surpas
           al
           other
           Cittyes
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           for
           they
           are
           dayly
           &
           houerly
           giveing
           to
           the
           poore
           ,
           Every
           House
           in
           Amsterdam
           hath
           a
           Box
           hanging
           in
           a
           Chaine
           on
           which
           is
           written
           
             Think
             on
             the
             Poore
          
           ,
           so
           that
           when
           any
           merchant
           sels
           Goods
           they
           commonly
           conclude
           no
           bargain
           ,
           but
           more
           or
           less
           is
           put
           in
           the
           
             Poores
             Box
          
           ;
           These
           Boxes
           art
           Lockt
           up
           by
           the
           Deacons
           ,
           who
           once
           a
           quarter
           goe
           round
           the
           Citty
           &
           take
           the
           Money
           out
           of
           the
           Boxes
           .
           Then
           twice
           a
           week
           there
           are
           men
           belonging
           to
           the
           Hospitals
           that
           goe
           round
           the
           Citty
           &
           ring
           a
           bell
           at
           every
           House
           to
           Know
           what
           the
           Master
           or
           mistris
           of
           the
           House
           will
           give
           to
           the
           Box
           ,
           who
           Generally
           give
           not
           less
           
           then
           2
           stivers
           .
           Then
           every
           first
           Wedensday
           of
           the
           moneth
           the
           Deacons
           in
           their
           turne
           goe
           round
           the
           Citty
           from
           House
           to
           House
           to
           receive
           what
           every
           house
           Keeper
           will
           give
           to
           the
           Poore
           ,
           Then
           on
           the
           week
           before
           the
           Sacrament
           is
           given
           ,
           a
           Minister
           with
           an
           Elder
           goes
           round
           the
           City
           to
           every
           House
           where
           any
           members
           of
           the
           Presbiterian
           Religion
           live
           ,
           &
           there
           ask
           if
           any
           Differences
           be
           in
           the
           familie
           ,
           offering
           their
           service
           to
           reconcile
           them
           ,
           alsoe
           to
           Instruct
           &
           prepare
           such
           as
           are
           to
           receive
           the
           Sacrament
           ;
           At
           this
           tyme
           a
           Minister
           may
           be
           seen
           to
           goe
           into
           a
           Taphouse
           or
           Taverne
           for
           which
           at
           another
           tyme
           he
           would
           be
           counted
           a
           
             wyne
             biber
          
           &
           the
           worst
           of
           Reprobates
           ;
           At
           this
           tyme
           while
           these
           
             Ministers
             &
             Elders
          
           goe
           about
           the
           City
           on
           their
           Visiations
           the
           people
           take
           an
           Occasion
           to
           give
           to
           the
           Poore
           .
           And
           here
           I
           ought
           not
           to
           omit
           telling
           you
           of
           their
           great
           Charitie
           to
           the
           distressed
           French
           
           Protestants
           ,
           who
           are
           here
           in
           great
           Numbers
           .
           They
           maintaine
           no
           less
           then
           60
           
             French
             Ministers
          
           ,
           &
           unto
           many
           handicraft
           Tradesmen
           and
           makers
           of
           stuffs
           ,
           &
           Cloath
           ,
           they
           lend
           sums
           of
           Money
           without
           Intrest
           to
           buy
           Working
           Tooles
           &
           materials
           for
           their
           work
           ,
           but
           this
           is
           no
           other
           then
           they
           formerly
           did
           to
           the
           Poore
           distressed
           Protestants
           of
           
             Ireland
             &
             Piemont
          
           ,
           &
           their
           Charitie
           was
           not
           a
           littel
           that
           they
           gave
           to
           Geneve
           towards
           the
           building
           their
           Fortifications
           ;
           And
           here
           give
           me
           leave
           to
           tell
           you
           what
           
             King
             Charles
          
           the
           second
           said
           of
           the
           Charitie
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           when
           the
           
             Duke
             of
             Lotherdal
          
           heareing
           that
           the
           Prince
           of
           Oranges
           Armie
           was
           not
           able
           to
           oppose
           the
           french
           from
           advanting
           so
           neare
           to
           Amsterdam
           ,
           the
           Duke
           Jeareingly
           said
           that
           Oranges
           would
           be
           very
           scarse
           in
           Holland
           ,
           after
           Amsterdam
           should
           fall
           into
           the
           french
           hands
           to
           plunder
           ,
           to
           which
           his
           Majestie
           said
           that
           he
           was
           of
           opinion
           
           that
           God
           would
           preserve
           Amsterdam
           from
           being
           destroyed
           if
           it
           were
           only
           for
           the
           great
           charitie
           they
           have
           for
           the
           Poore
           ,
           the
           which
           put
           the
           Duke
           out
           of
           Countenance
           ;
           I
           will
           say
           no
           more
           of
           their
           Charitie
           ,
           only
           this
           that
           they
           leave
           no
           stone
           unturned
           to
           bring
           moneyes
           into
           the
           Poores
           stock
           ,
           they
           make
           the
           stage
           players
           pay
           80000
           Gilders
           a
           yeare
           to
           the
           Poore
           :
           thert
           is
           not
           a
           
             Ropedancer
             ,
             puppetplayer
          
           or
           any
           of
           that
           sort
           of
           unnecessary
           Vermin
           which
           frequent
           faires
           ,
           but
           pay
           the
           3d
           penny
           to
           the
           Poore
           ,
           which
           is
           carefully
           looked
           after
           by
           placeing
           an
           Almesman
           at
           the
           doore
           of
           the
           Booths
           ,
           to
           see
           that
           they
           cheat
           not
           the
           Poore
           of
           their
           share
           ;
           I
           shall
           now
           in
           the
           next
           place
           say
           some
           thing
           of
           the
           Clergie
           ,
           I
           meane
           those
           called
           the
           
             States
             Clergie
          
           ,
           for
           the
           States
           are
           absolutely
           head
           of
           their
           Church
           ,
           &
           when
           any
           synod
           of
           Divines
           meet
           ,
           two
           of
           the
           States
           ,
           are
           alwayes
           present
           to
           heare
           that
           they
           debate
           nothing
           
           relating
           or
           Reflecting
           on
           the
           Government
           ,
           or
           Governers
           ,
           if
           they
           doe
           ,
           presently
           the
           States
           cry
           ho
           la
           mijn
           Heeren
           Predicanten
           ,
           &
           if
           their
           Ministers
           meddel
           with
           any
           thing
           relating
           to
           the
           Goverment
           in
           their
           Pulpits
           they
           send
           them
           a
           briefe
           (
           which
           some
           call
           a
           paire
           of
           shooes
           )
           to
           quit
           the
           City
           ,
           &
           some
           times
           Impriprison
           them
           to
           boot
           :
           but
           if
           they
           behave
           them selves
           quietely
           &
           well
           ,
           as
           they
           ought
           to
           doe
           ,
           they
           th●n
           are
           respected
           by
           the
           people
           as
           Gods
           upon
           earth
           ;
           They
           have
           a
           forme
           of
           prayer
           sent
           them
           ,
           how
           they
           shall
           pray
           for
           the
           
             States
             &
             Prince
          
           of
           Orange
           ,
           nor
           must
           they
           meddell
           with
           any
           other
           Religion
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           because
           all
           sorts
           are
           Tollerated
           ,
           at
           least
           connived
           at
           by
           the
           Magistrates
           ;
           All
           those
           called
           the
           Presbeterian
           Ministers
           or
           States
           Clergie
           are
           obliged
           under
           a
           forfiture
           to
           have
           done
           preaching
           &
           praying
           by
           eleven
           of
           the
           Clock
           in
           the
           forenoone
           on
           Sondayes
           ,
           because
           then
           the
           Schepens
           goe
           
           to
           the
           Stathouse
           ,
           to
           marry
           the
           
             Jewes
             Papists
             &
             Lutherans
          
           &
           others
           that
           may
           not
           mary
           after
           the
           Calvinisticall
           forme
           ,
           &
           the
           reason
           why
           the
           States
           thus
           marry
           them
           first
           according
           to
           law
           ,
           is
           to
           render
           their
           Children
           Legitimate
           ,
           but
           they
           may
           marry
           againe
           afterward
           as
           they
           please
           themselves
           :
           none
           may
           marry
           untill
           they
           have
           made
           their
           appearence
           at
           the
           Stathouse
           before
           the
           Lords
           ,
           where
           if
           the
           parties
           be
           agreed
           ,
           the
           Preachers
           marry
           the
           Calvinists
           ,
           &
           the
           Schepens
           marry
           all
           the
           rest
           ,
           who
           differ
           from
           the
           Religion
           established
           by
           Law.
           
        
         
           When
           one
           dyes
           the
           friends
           dare
           not
           burry
           the
           Corps
           until
           it
           hath
           lain
           three
           dayes
           open
           in
           the
           Coffen
           ,
           that
           the
           friends
           &
           relations
           of
           the
           deceased
           may
           be
           satisfied
           that
           the
           party
           hath
           not
           been
           murdered
           or
           reported
           to
           be
           dead
           when
           alive
           ,
           after
           3
           dayes
           the
           corps
           must
           be
           brought
           to
           the
           church
           before
           the
           Belceaseth
           tolling
           ,
           which
           is
           at
           two
           
           for
           if
           you
           Keepe
           the
           body
           untill
           half
           three
           then
           the
           Church
           dores
           are
           lockt
           &
           for
           the
           first
           halfe
           houre
           must
           be
           payd
           25
           Gilders
           ,
           &
           for
           the
           second
           50
           ,
           &
           so
           untill
           six
           ,
           then
           they
           may
           amers
           you
           as
           much
           as
           they
           please
           .
        
         
           There
           are
           many
           rich
           people
           who
           make
           that
           default
           on
           purpose
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           have
           solemn
           occasion
           of
           giveing
           to
           the
           Poore
           ,
           as
           I
           Knew
           once
           an
           English
           merchant
           did
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           thing
           I
           shall
           speake
           of
           is
           the
           method
           which
           the
           States
           observe
           in
           ordering
           their
           Maritim
           affairs
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           greatest
           mysteryes
           in
           their
           Goverment
           ;
           The
           States
           Generally
           divide
           their
           Admiralty
           into
           five
           Courts
           ,
           which
           they
           call
           Chambers
           :
           The
           first
           is
           Rotterdam
           (
           which
           is
           the
           chamber
           called
           the
           Mase
           )
           which
           hath
           the
           Admirals
           Flagg
           .
        
         
           Then
           Amsterdam
           which
           hath
           the
           Vice-Admirals
           Flagg
           ,
           &
           Zealand
           hath
           the
           
             reare
             Admiral
          
           Flagg
           ,
           the
           other
           two
           Chambers
           are
           those
           in
           
           
             North
             Holland
             &
             Friesland
          
           :
           Each
           of
           these
           five
           Chambers
           have
           their
           Admirals
           ,
           Vice
           Admirals
           &
           reare
           Admirals
           apart
           from
           the
           States
           Generals
           Flaggs
           ,
           so
           that
           when
           the
           States
           have
           occasion
           to
           set
           out
           a
           fleet
           of
           an
           100
           Shipps
           more
           or
           less
           ,
           every
           Chamber
           Knowes
           the
           number
           they
           must
           provide
           for
           their
           proportion
           ,
           tho
           in
           regard
           of
           its
           Opulencye
           Amsterdam
           frequently
           helps
           her
           neighbours
           &
           ads
           two
           or
           more
           Shipps
           then
           their
           share
           comes
           to
           ;
           These
           Chambers
           have
           lately
           built
           36
           men
           of
           war
           ,
           &
           now
           are
           building
           of
           7
           more
           and
           all
           this
           is
           done
           without
           noise
           ,
           every
           one
           building
           their
           proportion
           ,
           &
           they
           have
           admirable
           methods
           in
           preserving
           their
           Shipps
           when
           Built
           ,
           &
           their
           Magazins
           are
           in
           good
           order
           every
           Shipp
           haveing
           an
           appartment
           to
           lay
           up
           all
           its
           Equipage
           in
           ,
           &
           on
           the
           Top
           of
           their
           Magazins
           are
           Vast
           Cisterns
           ,
           which
           are
           Kept
           constantly
           full
           of
           water
           which
           have
           pipes
           into
           every
           appartment
           to
           let
           
           down
           water
           upon
           any
           accident
           of
           Fire
           ,
           &
           there
           is
           in
           their
           Magazins
           a
           Nursery
           Roome
           ,
           where
           a
           Woman
           keeps
           an
           Office
           to
           feed
           at
           certaine
           houres
           of
           the
           day
           a
           great
           number
           of
           Cats
           ,
           which
           afterward
           hunt
           among
           the
           stores
           for
           Mice
           &
           Ratts
           ;
           This
           great
           Magazine
           in
           Amsterdam
           was
           built
           in
           the
           tyme
           of
           Cromwell
           in
           the
           space
           of
           9
           moneths
           &
           14
           dayes
           ,
           in
           which
           tyme
           the
           Lords
           of
           the
           Admiraltie
           gave
           the
           workmen
           drinkgelt
           as
           they
           call
           it
           ,
           to
           incourage
           them
           to
           work
           more
           then
           at
           an
           ordinary
           rate
           .
           At
           this
           tyme
           the
           biggest
           man
           of
           war
           the
           States
           had
           was
           the
           Amelia
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           famous
           
             Admiral
             Trump
          
           was
           Kild
           ,
           shee
           was
           a
           Ship
           of
           no
           more
           then
           56
           Guns
           ,
           afterward
           made
           a
           
             fire
             Ship.
          
           But
           the
           States
           quickly
           discovered
           their
           want
           of
           great
           Shipps
           ,
           and
           therefore
           built
           the
           same
           yeare
           20
           men
           of
           war
           ,
           from
           50
           to
           80
           Gunns
           .
           But
           the
           great
           Shipps
           built
           at
           Amsterdam
           had
           like
           to
           have
           proved
           of
           no
           
           use
           ,
           had
           not
           the
           ingenious
           Pensionaric
           de
           Wit
           found
           out
           a
           devise
           to
           carry
           them
           over
           the
           Pampus
           ,
           betwixt
           those
           they
           call
           Water
           Shipps
           ;
        
         
           The
           Admiralty
           have
           an
           Exellent
           Method
           in
           setting
           out
           their
           Fleets
           ,
           they
           neither
           presse
           soldiers
           nor
           sea-men
           ,
           all
           goe
           Voluntarie
           at
           the
           beating
           of
           à
           Drumb
           ,
           each
           Captain
           providing
           men
           &
           Provisions
           for
           his
           Shipp
           ,
           who
           after
           they
           have
           received
           orders
           from
           the
           Lords
           to
           the
           Equipagemaster
           to
           Equipe
           out
           their
           Shipps
           ,
           &
           receive
           the
           Povisions
           of
           war
           ,
           then
           the
           States
           send
           a
           board
           each
           Shipp
           a
           
             Chaplin
             ,
             &
             Check
             Master
          
           ,
           who
           take
           care
           of
           the
           provision
           of
           war
           ,
           &
           see
           that
           the
           seamen
           have
           the
           States
           allowance
           &
           wholesome
           food
           ,
           &
           great
           care
           is
           taken
           by
           the
           Lords
           that
           both
           
             Captains
             &
             Seamen
          
           receive
           their
           pay
           punctually
           for
           the
           tyme
           they
           are
           in
           the
           States
           service
           ,
           &
           for
           the
           Incouraging
           their
           seamen
           there
           is
           plaistred
           on
           a
           Board
           hanging
           by
           the
           
           foremast
           ,
           the
           several
           rewards
           to
           such
           as
           either
           take
           or
           fire
           a
           Flagshipp
           or
           take
           or
           sinck
           any
           other
           Shipp
           of
           the
           enimies
           ,
           also
           what
           pensions
           a
           wounded
           seaman
           shal
           have
           if
           maimd
           or
           disabled
           in
           the
           States
           service
           &c.
           
        
         
           The
           Lords
           of
           the
           Admiralty
           follow
           the
           same
           methodes
           which
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           observe
           ,
           as
           to
           their
           land
           obligations
           ,
           &
           goe
           throw
           this
           great
           charge
           by
           the
           good
           management
           of
           their
           Credit
           ,
           for
           tho
           it
           be
           true
           that
           they
           are
           indebted
           great
           summes
           of
           money
           ,
           yet
           they
           never
           want
           a
           supply
           ,
           nay
           ,
           Moneyes
           are
           often
           forced
           upon
           them
           by
           rich
           Merchants
           ,
           who
           send
           in
           their
           moneys
           and
           only
           take
           the
           Admyraltyes
           obligations
           ,
           with
           which
           they
           afterward
           pay
           their
           Customes
           ,
           when
           their
           Shipps
           arive
           ,
           at
           which
           tyme
           the
           Admiralty
           allowes
           them
           Intrest
           for
           the
           tyme
           they
           have
           had
           their
           money
           ,
           &
           this
           is
           it
           that
           makes
           the
           Admiraltyes
           Obligations
           more
           valued
           then
           
           ready
           money
           ,
           for
           it
           saves
           the
           trouble
           of
           telling
           ,
           &
           such
           is
           the
           Credit
           of
           the
           Admiralty
           that
           when
           they
           have
           occasion
           for
           any
           Goods
           ,
           the
           people
           strive
           to
           furnish
           them
           ,
           &
           rather
           take
           their
           Obligations
           then
           money
           ,
           because
           they
           get
           Intrest
           ;
           &
           all
           other
           assignments
           upon
           the
           Admiralty
           are
           very
           punctually
           payd
           ,
           &
           without
           Exchequer
           Fees
           ,
           no
           they
           are
           sworne
           Officers
           who
           are
           forbid
           to
           receive
           any
           moneyes
           for
           fees
           ,
           being
           contented
           with
           the
           sallary
           ,
           they
           have
           
             of
             the
             States
          
           .
           And
           their
           Methodes
           used
           at
           the
           
             Custome
             House
          
           for
           loading
           or
           unloading
           Shipps
           are
           very
           easy
           ,
           in
           so
           much
           that
           the
           Women
           Generally
           have
           the
           chargeing
           &
           dischargeing
           the
           Shipps
           at
           the
           
             Custome
             House
          
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           great
           politie
           in
           the
           States
           to
           make
           Trade
           easy
           for
           the
           Incouragement
           of
           the
           Merchants
           ;
           And
           the
           Admiralty
           are
           very
           Gratefull
           &
           Generous
           unto
           their
           Commanders
           ,
           if
           any
           of
           their
           Admiralls
           ,
           or
           Captains
           are
           Kild
           at
           
           sea
           &
           have
           dove
           any
           Considerable
           service
           ,
           they
           then
           Eternise
           their
           memories
           with
           lasting
           Trophies
           of
           honor
           ,
           as
           you
           may
           see
           by
           those
           
             Stately
             Monuments
          
           of
           
             Trump
             ,
             Vpdam
             ,
             de
             Ruiter
             ,
          
           the
           Eversons
           ,
           &
           others
           ,
           nor
           are
           they
           sparcing
           in
           bestowing
           large
           Gifts
           &
           Pensions
           on
           the
           Widdowes
           ,
           &
           Children
           of
           those
           as
           have
           served
           them
           faithfully
           &
           Valiantly
           in
           the
           wars
           ,
           whilst
           the
           Treacherous
           &
           Cowards
           meet
           with
           the
           severity
           they
           deserve
           ;
           I
           might
           here
           in
           the
           next
           place
           in
           large
           &
           tel
           you
           of
           the
           Exellent
           methodes
           they
           have
           in
           building
           &
           preserveing
           their
           Shipps
           when
           built
           ,
           but
           I
           shall
           refer
           you
           to
           that
           Exellent
           peece
           written
           by
           the
           
             Heer
             Witsen
          
           on
           that
           subject
           .
           And
           shall
           now
           in
           the
           next
           place
           say
           some
           thing
           of
           their
           famous
           Company
           called
           the
           East-India
           Company
           of
           the
           Netherlands
           ,
           This
           Company
           is
           said
           to
           be
           a
           Commonwealth
           within
           a
           Commonwealth
           ,
           &
           it
           is
           true
           if
           you
           consider
           the
           Soveraigne
           Power
           &
           
           Priviledges
           they
           have
           granted
           them
           by
           the
           States
           General
           ,
           &
           likewise
           consider
           their
           riches
           &
           Vast
           Number
           of
           subjects
           ,
           &
           the
           many
           Territories
           &
           Colonies
           they
           possess
           in
           the
           East-Indies
           ,
           they
           are
           said
           to
           have
           30000
           men
           in
           constant
           pay
           ,
           &
           above
           200
           Capital
           Shipps
           ,
           besides
           
             Sloopes
             ,
             Catches
             ,
             &
             Yachts
             .
          
           This
           Company
           hath
           by
           their
           Politick
           contrivances
           &
           sedulons
           Industry
           possessed
           themselves
           of
           many
           Colonies
           formerly
           belonging
           unto
           the
           
             Spaniards
             ,
             &
             Portugeeses
          
           ,
           &
           diverse
           
             Indian
             Princes
          
           ,
           &
           as
           good
           Christians
           have
           been
           at
           great
           Charge
           in
           Planting
           the
           Gospel
           of
           Christ
           in
           many
           parts
           there
           ,
           Printing
           in
           the
           Indian
           Language
           Bibles
           ,
           &
           Prayer
           Bookes
           &
           Catechismes
           ,
           for
           the
           Instruction
           of
           the
           Indians
           ,
           maitaineing
           
             Ministers
             &
             Schoolemasters
          
           to
           inform
           those
           that
           are
           converted
           to
           the
           Christian
           faith
           ;
           And
           now
           because
           I
           have
           said
           that
           this
           Company
           is
           so
           considerable
           &
           as
           it
           
           were
           a
           Commonwealth
           apart
           ,
           I
           will
           demonstrate
           it
           to
           be
           so
           ,
           first
           by
           their
           power
           ,
           Riches
           &
           strength
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           secondly
           what
           figure
           they
           make
           in
           Europe
           ,
           &
           this
           verie
           briefly
           ,
           for
           if
           I
           should
           speake
           of
           every
           particular
           as
           to
           their
           posessions
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           it
           would
           swell
           into
           many
           Volumes
           ,
           But
           I
           will
           only
           begin
           with
           them
           at
           the
           
             Cape
             of
             de
             Bonne
             Esperance
          
           where
           they
           have
           built
           a
           Royall
           Fort
           ,
           in
           which
           they
           maintaine
           a
           Garrison
           of
           souldiers
           to
           defend
           their
           Shipps
           which
           come
           there
           to
           take
           in
           fresh
           Water
           ;
           from
           thence
           let
           us
           take
           a
           view
           of
           them
           in
           the
           Iland
           of
           Java
           where
           they
           have
           built
           a
           faire
           City
           called
           Battavia
           &
           fortified
           it
           with
           Bastions
           after
           the
           Mode
           of
           Amsterdam
           .
           This
           City
           is
           the
           place
           of
           Residence
           of
           their
           grand
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           called
           the
           General
           of
           the
           Indies
           ,
           he
           hath
           allowed
           him
           6
           
             Privie
             Councellers
          
           in
           Ordinary
           &
           2
           extraordinary
           ,
           These
           governe
           the
           concernes
           of
           the
           Company
           
           throughout
           the
           Indies
           ,
           &
           They
           make
           peace
           &
           war
           ,
           send
           ther
           Ambassadors
           to
           all
           parts
           thereof
           ,
           as
           occasion
           requireth
           .
           This
           General
           hath
           his
           Guards
           of
           
             Horse
             &
             Foot
          
           &
           all
           sorts
           of
           Officers
           &
           servants
           as
           if
           he
           were
           a
           soveraigne
           Prince
           ,
           the
           whole
           Expence
           whereof
           is
           defraied
           out
           of
           the
           Companys
           stock
           .
           This
           General
           hath
           much
           of
           the
           Direction
           of
           Bantam
           and
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           Iland
           of
           Java
           :
           From
           whence
           let
           us
           take
           a
           view
           of
           them
           ,
           in
           their
           great
           possessions
           in
           the
           Moluceas
           Ilands
           &
           those
           of
           Banda
           where
           they
           are
           become
           so
           formidable
           that
           they
           looke
           as
           if
           they
           aimed
           at
           the
           soveraingtye
           of
           the
           Southseas
           :
           They
           have
           also
           a
           great
           Trade
           in
           
             China
             &
             Japan
          
           ,
           from
           whence
           let
           us
           return
           to
           the
           Ilands
           of
           Sumatra
           &
           on
           the
           coast
           of
           Bengale
           ,
           where
           they
           have
           several
           Lodges
           ;
           In
           Persia
           they
           have
           likewise
           great
           Commerce
           &
           are
           so
           considerable
           that
           they
           wage
           war
           with
           
           that
           mlghty
           Monarch
           if
           he
           wrongs
           them
           in
           their
           trade
           .
           They
           also
           have
           several
           
             Colonies
             &
             Lodges
          
           on
           the
           coast
           of
           
             Malabar
             &
             Cormandel
          
           ,
           &
           in
           the
           Country
           of
           the
           Great
           Magul
           ,
           &
           King
           of
           Galcanda
           ,
           But
           principally
           let
           us
           behold
           them
           in
           the
           rich
           Iland
           of
           Zylon
           where
           they
           are
           Masters
           of
           the
           plaine
           Country
           ,
           so
           that
           the
           Emperor
           or
           King
           of
           that
           Iland
           is
           forced
           to
           live
           in
           the
           Mountains
           whilst
           this
           Company
           possess
           the
           City
           of
           Colomba
           &
           other
           the
           most
           considerable
           Garrisons
           of
           that
           Iland
           :
           It
           is
           said
           that
           the
           Company
           hath
           there
           in
           their
           pay
           3600
           Souldiers
           ,
           &
           at
           least
           300
           Gunus
           planted
           in
           their
           
             Forts
             &
             Garrisons
          
           .
           In
           a
           word
           they
           are
           not
           only
           masters
           of
           the
           Cinamon
           ,
           but
           of
           all
           other
           Spices
           except
           Pepper
           &
           that
           they
           would
           also
           have
           ,
           had
           it
           bin
           for
           their
           Intrest
           to
           Ingrosle
           ,
           but
           they
           wisely
           fore
           saw
           that
           the
           English
           would
           be
           a
           Block
           in
           their
           way
           ,
           therefore
           they
           contented
           themselves
           to
           be
           masters
           
           the
           
             Mace
             ,
             Cynamon
             ,
             Cloves
          
           and
           Nutmegs
           with
           which
           they
           not
           only
           serve
           Europe
           ,
           but
           many
           places
           in
           the
           Indies
           ;
           I
           will
           say
           no
           more
           of
           them
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           But
           let
           us
           see
           what
           figure
           they
           make
           in
           Europe
           .
           And
           first
           to
           begin
           with
           them
           in
           Amsterdam
           ,
           where
           they
           have
           two
           large
           
             Stately
             Palaces
          
           ,
           one
           being
           in
           the
           ould
           part
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           in
           the
           new
           ;
           In
           that
           of
           the
           ould
           part
           of
           the
           City
           they
           keep
           their
           Court
           ,
           and
           there
           sits
           the
           Resident
           Committie
           of
           the
           Company
           ,
           where
           alsoe
           they
           make
           the
           sales
           of
           the
           Company
           goods
           .
           There
           for
           six
           yeares
           the
           grand
           Councel
           or
           assembly
           of
           the
           17
           doe
           meet
           ,
           and
           after
           six
           yeares
           are
           expired
           ,
           the
           grand
           Councel
           of
           the
           17
           doe
           assemble
           at
           Middelburg
           in
           Zealand
           for
           two
           yeares
           ,
           and
           then
           againe
           returne
           to
           Amsterdam
           :
           The
           other
           lesser
           Chambers
           of
           
             Delph
             ,
             Rotterdam
             ,
             Horne
          
           and
           Enchusen
           never
           haveing
           the
           assembly
           of
           the
           17
           in
           their
           Chambers
           ,
           so
           that
           only
           Amsterdam
           
           and
           Zealand
           have
           the
           honour
           of
           that
           
             grand
             Councel
          
           .
           I
           will
           therefore
           crave
           leave
           to
           describe
           unto
           you
           the
           Chamber
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           it
           being
           the
           most
           Considerable
           of
           the
           Chambers
           ,
           belonging
           to
           this
           famous
           Company
           ;
           In
           there
           house
           or
           Palace
           within
           the
           ould
           City
           are
           many
           large
           Offices
           or
           appartments
           ,
           as
           first
           on
           the
           Lower
           Floor
           is
           their
           Parlement
           Chamber
           ,
           where
           the
           17
           doe
           sit
           :
           Next
           to
           this
           Chamber
           are
           several
           faire
           Chambers
           for
           the
           Committes
           to
           sit
           in
           .
           They
           have
           also
           a
           Chamber
           of
           Audience
           ,
           where
           they
           do
           receive
           Princes
           or
           Ambassadors
           ,
           or
           other
           great
           men
           as
           have
           occasion
           to
           speak
           with
           them
           .
           In
           one
           of
           these
           Chambers
           are
           the
           Armes
           of
           several
           
             Indian
             Princes
          
           they
           have
           Conquered
           .
           On
           the
           same
           Floor
           is
           their
           
             Tresury
             Office
          
           ,
           where
           their
           Receivers
           sit
           and
           receive
           money
           ,
           and
           pay
           out
           the
           orders
           or
           assignments
           of
           the
           Company
           ,
           Neer
           to
           that
           Chamber
           sits
           their
           grand
           
           Minister
           the
           Heer
           
             Peter
             van
             Dam
          
           ,
           who
           is
           said
           to
           be
           a
           Second
           
             John
             de
             Wit
          
           for
           parts
           ,
           but
           he
           hath
           not
           one
           drop
           of
           
             John
             de
             Wits
          
           or
           Lovestine
           bloud
           ,
           against
           the
           good
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           ;
           This
           great
           minister
           is
           a
           man
           of
           Indefaigable
           Industry
           and
           labor
           night
           and
           day
           in
           the
           Companyes
           service
           ;
           He
           reads
           over
           twice
           the
           great
           Journal
           Bookes
           which
           come
           from
           the
           Indies
           ,
           and
           out
           of
           them
           makes
           minets
           to
           prepare
           matters
           of
           concerne
           necessary
           to
           be
           considered
           by
           the
           grand
           Councel
           of
           the
           17
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           Inferiour
           Committes
           of
           the
           Company
           ,
           and
           prepares
           Instructions
           and
           orders
           to
           be
           sent
           to
           their
           
             Chief
             Ministers
          
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           I
           could
           say
           many
           more
           things
           of
           his
           great
           worth
           and
           Virtues
           ,
           but
           shall
           for
           beare
           least
           I
           should
           be
           Judged
           a
           flatterer
           :
           Overagainst
           this
           great
           Ministers
           Office
           sitt
           in
           a
           Chamber
           many
           Clarkes
           or
           under
           Secretaryes
           ,
           who
           receive
           from
           this
           Minister
           their
           Ordrs
           of
           dispatches
           in
           the
           affaires
           of
           
           Company
           ,
           and
           next
           to
           this
           Chamber
           is
           a
           
             Register
             Office
          
           where
           are
           kept
           the
           Journal
           bookes
           of
           the
           Indies
           ,
           where
           you
           may
           see
           the
           names
           of
           al
           the
           men
           ,
           and
           women
           that
           have
           ever
           served
           the
           Company
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           with
           the
           tyme
           of
           their
           death
           ,
           or
           departing
           the
           Companyes
           service
           ;
           Then
           next
           to
           that
           is
           a
           Councel
           Chamber
           where
           the
           Residing
           Chamber
           or
           Committe
           of
           the
           Company
           alwayes
           sitts
           Then
           assending
           up
           staires
           ,
           there
           sitt
           their
           Book-holders
           ,
           who
           keepe
           the
           accounts
           of
           all
           the
           Transactions
           of
           those
           that
           buy
           or
           sel
           actions
           of
           the
           Company
           ,
           and
           over
           against
           this
           office
           sitts
           the
           
             Heer
             Gerbrand
             Elias
          
           who
           is
           the
           second
           Advocate
           of
           the
           Company
           :
           On
           this
           floore
           are
           several
           large
           Roomes
           in
           which
           are
           great
           stores
           of
           Packt
           Goods
           ,
           and
           also
           a
           Roome
           with
           all
           sorts
           of
           
             Drugs
             ,
             Tee
          
           ,
           and
           
             Wax
             ,
             Ambergreace
          
           ,
           and
           Musk
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           same
           floore
           is
           a
           Chamber
           where
           the
           Commissiners
           sitt
           who
           governe
           ,
           
           the
           Packhouses
           ;
           And
           next
           to
           them
           sitt
           their
           Clarks
           who
           keepe
           the
           Registers
           of
           the
           sales
           of
           the
           Company
           Goods
           ;
           And
           on
           the
           same
           Gallery
           or
           Floore
           is
           a
           Chamber
           where
           are
           kept
           the
           severall
           Bookes
           of
           Divinitie
           ,
           printed
           in
           the
           Indian
           Language
           that
           are
           sent
           to
           the
           several
           Colonies
           of
           the
           Company
           :
           And
           at
           the
           end
           of
           this
           Gallery
           is
           a
           Magazine
           full
           of
           Medicaments
           and
           Instruments
           for
           Barber
           Chirurgions
           Chests
           ,
           to
           furnish
           the
           Companyes
           Shipps
           and
           Garrisons
           in
           the
           Indies
           .
           Then
           assending
           up
           another
           paire
           of
           staires
           ,
           there
           are
           several
           large
           Magazins
           of
           
             Nutmegs
             ,
             Cloves
             ,
             Mace
          
           and
           Sinamond
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           long
           Gallery
           are
           many
           men
           at
           work
           sorting
           of
           Spices
           fitt
           for
           sale
           .
           Then
           ascending
           up
           another
           paire
           of
           staires
           there
           are
           many
           Roomes
           full
           of
           Spices
           ,
           then
           desending
           into
           the
           Court-yard
           there
           is
           a
           
             Guard
             Chamber
          
           where
           every
           night
           the
           house
           keeper
           hath
           a
           Watch
           ,
           
           and
           on
           the
           other
           side
           of
           the
           Gate
           there
           is
           the
           Chymist
           ,
           who
           with
           his
           men
           prepares
           Medicaments
           for
           the
           Indies
           ;
           Adjoyning
           to
           this
           Court
           -
           yard
           is
           their
           Way-house
           and
           Packhouse
           for
           Pepper
           and
           Grosle
           Goods
           ;
           But
           before
           I
           leave
           this
           house
           in
           the
           ould
           part
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           I
           must
           say
           some
           thing
           of
           the
           maner
           or
           method
           used
           in
           the
           Transactions
           of
           the
           Jewes
           and
           others
           ,
           who
           make
           a
           Trade
           of
           buyng
           and
           selling
           the
           Actions
           of
           the
           Company
           ,
           the
           which
           is
           a
           great
           mystery
           of
           Iniquitie
           ,
           and
           where
           it
           inricheth
           one
           man
           ,
           it
           ruins
           an
           hundred
           .
           The
           Jewes
           are
           the
           chiefe
           in
           that
           Trade
           ,
           and
           are
           said
           to
           negotiate
           17
           parts
           of
           20
           in
           the
           Company
           ;
           These
           Actions
           are
           bought
           and
           sould
           4
           tymes
           a
           day
           ,
           at
           8
           in
           the
           morning
           in
           the
           Jewes
           street
           ,
           at
           a
           11
           on
           the
           Dam
           ,
           at
           twelve
           and
           at
           one
           a
           Clock
           upon
           the
           Exchange
           ,
           and
           at
           six
           in
           the
           evening
           on
           the
           Dam
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Coledges
           or
           Clubs
           of
           the
           Jewes
           until
           12
           at
           midnight
           ,
           where
           many
           
           tymes
           the
           Crafty
           Jewes
           ,
           and
           others
           have
           Contrived
           to
           Coine
           bad
           newes
           to
           make
           the
           Actions
           fall
           ,
           and
           good
           newes
           to
           raise
           them
           ,
           the
           which
           craft
           of
           doing
           at
           Amsterdam
           is
           not
           taken
           notice
           of
           ,
           which
           is
           much
           to
           be
           wondered
           at
           ,
           in
           such
           a
           wise
           Government
           as
           Amsterdam
           is
           ,
           for
           it
           is
           a
           certaine
           trueth
           they
           many
           times
           spread
           scandalous
           reports
           touching
           the
           affaires
           of
           State
           ,
           which
           passe
           amongst
           the
           Ignorant
           for
           truth
           ;
           I
           shall
           now
           in
           the
           next
           place
           say
           some
           thing
           of
           their
           Pallace
           or
           Magazine
           in
           the
           new
           part
           of
           the
           City
           the
           which
           may
           more
           properly
           be
           called
           an
           Arsenal
           ;
           It
           is
           a
           building
           so
           superb
           that
           it
           lookes
           more
           like
           a
           Kings
           Pallace
           ,
           then
           a
           Magazin
           for
           Merchants
           ;
           I
           have
           measured
           the
           Ground
           on
           which
           this
           Arsenal
           stands
           which
           I
           find
           to
           be
           2000
           foot
           ,
           and
           square
           every
           way
           ,
           reckoning
           the
           Motes
           ,
           or
           Burgals
           ,
           about
           it
           ;
           I
           remember
           the
           Ingenious
           Sr.
           
             Joseph
             Williamsen
          
           measured
           the
           two
           Rope-allies
           by
           telling
           the
           stone
           
           figures
           in
           the
           wal
           ,
           &
           found
           them
           to
           be
           1800
           foot
           long
           ,
           the
           like
           whereof
           is
           not
           to
           be
           seene
           in
           the
           world
           .
           On
           the
           backside
           of
           this
           Rope-allie
           lyes
           a
           store
           of
           500
           Large
           Anchors
           besides
           small
           ones
           ;
           In
           this
           Arsenal
           they
           build
           the
           Ships
           belonging
           to
           this
           Chamber
           :
           and
           here
           are
           al
           sorts
           of
           worke
           houses
           for
           the
           Artificers
           that
           serve
           the
           Company
           .
           And
           in
           a
           Chamber
           next
           to
           the
           Joyners
           Office
           ,
           is
           a
           model
           of
           a
           Ship
           ,
           they
           now
           build
           their
           Ships
           by
           ,
           which
           cost
           6000
           Gilders
           .
           When
           a
           man
           beholds
           the
           great
           stores
           of
           
             Tymber
             ,
             Cordage
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Provisions
           of
           war
           in
           their
           Magazin
           ,
           a
           man
           would
           think
           there
           were
           enough
           to
           furnish
           a
           whole
           Nation
           ;
           In
           this
           Arsenal
           the
           Ships
           unload
           their
           Goods
           layd
           up
           in
           several
           apartments
           in
           the
           grand
           Magazin
           ,
           and
           afterward
           is
           removed
           to
           the
           house
           in
           the
           ould
           part
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           as
           their
           is
           occasion
           for
           sale
           :
           In
           the
           upper
           part
           of
           this
           large
           Pallace
           sit
           the
           saile
           Makers
           
           at
           worke
           ,
           but
           on
           the
           Lower
           part
           of
           this
           house
           is
           an
           appartment
           where
           the
           Bewinthebbers
           assemble
           upon
           occasion
           of
           Businesse
           ;
           This
           Arsenal
           is
           not
           to
           be
           seen
           by
           strangers
           without
           a
           Ticket
           from
           the
           Bewinthebbers
           ;
           Now
           al
           what
           I
           have
           spoaken
           of
           these
           two
           houses
           ,
           or
           Magazins
           doth
           only
           belong
           unto
           the
           Chamber
           of
           Amsterdam
           ;
           There
           are
           yet
           other
           Chambers
           of
           the
           Company
           ,
           who
           according
           to
           their
           Quota
           ,
           or
           stock
           in
           the
           Company
           ,
           have
           the
           like
           houses
           and
           Magazins
           ,
           as
           the
           Chambers
           of
           
             Zealand
             ,
             Delph
             Rotterdam
             ,
             Horne
          
           and
           Enkusen
           .
           And
           now
           I
           have
           named
           the
           six
           Chambers
           of
           which
           the
           Company
           is
           composed
           ,
           I
           shall
           say
           some
           thing
           of
           their
           constitution
           ,
           which
           is
           from
           an
           Octroy
           ,
           or
           Act
           of
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           have
           soveraign
           power
           over
           their
           servants
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           yea
           their
           Authoritie
           reacheth
           their
           servants
           in
           al
           Territoryes
           of
           the
           States
           General
           Donions
           ;
           
           It
           is
           Death
           for
           any
           of
           the
           States
           subjects
           to
           be
           Interlopers
           against
           this
           Company
           ,
           nor
           may
           any
           of
           what
           nation
           soever
           that
           lives
           in
           any
           of
           the
           Companyes
           Territories
           as
           Burgers
           or
           servants
           ,
           returne
           into
           Europe
           without
           leave
           from
           the
           Company
           ,
           only
           those
           called
           Freemen
           may
           depart
           without
           askeing
           leave
           to
           remove
           ;
           The
           Grand
           Councel
           of
           this
           Company
           is
           the
           Assembly
           of
           the
           Seventeen
           ,
           which
           are
           Elected
           out
           of
           the
           several
           Chambers
           before
           named
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           eight
           from
           Amsterdam
           ,
           and
           four
           from
           
             Zealand
             :
             Delph
             ,
             Rotterdam
             ,
             Horne
          
           and
           Enkusen
           send
           one
           a
           peece
           ,
           which
           makes
           sixteen
           ,
           and
           the
           five
           lesser
           Chambers
           by
           turns
           chose
           the
           seventeenth
           .
           In
           the
           Chamber
           of
           Amsterdam
           there
           are
           20
           Bewinthebbers
           in
           ordinary
           ,
           who
           are
           for
           life
           ,
           and
           have
           1000
           Ducatones
           a
           yeare
           and
           spices
           at
           Christmas
           ,
           and
           their
           travelling
           charges
           ,
           when
           they
           goe
           upon
           the
           Companyes
           service
           .
           
           The
           next
           Chamber
           is
           Zealand
           which
           hath
           twelve
           Bewinthebbers
           ,
           who
           have
           about
           250
           L.
           a
           yeare
           and
           travelling
           Charges
           ,
           and
           Spices
           at
           Christmas
           ;
           The
           next
           is
           Delph
           which
           hath
           seven
           Bewinthebbers
           ,
           who
           have
           only
           120
           L.
           a
           yeare
           and
           Travelling
           Charges
           and
           Spices
           at
           Christmas
           :
           The
           other
           Chambers
           of
           
             Rotterdam
             ,
             Horne
          
           and
           Enkhusen
           have
           seven
           Bewinthebbers
           a
           peece
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           sallarie
           ,
           with
           travelling
           Charges
           and
           Spices
           at
           Christmas
           ,
           as
           the
           Chamber
           of
           Delph
           hath
           .
           These
           Bewinthebbers
           are
           Elected
           or
           chosen
           out
           of
           those
           Adventerers
           called
           the
           high
           Participanten
           of
           the
           Company
           ;
           They
           generally
           chose
           such
           as
           are
           rich
           and
           men
           of
           parts
           ,
           and
           wisdome
           ,
           most
           of
           them
           being
           of
           the
           Magistratie
           of
           the
           Country
           .
           No
           man
           is
           capable
           of
           being
           Elected
           a
           Bewinthebber
           who
           hath
           not
           a
           1000
           L.
           stock
           in
           the
           Company
           .
           In
           a
           word
           this
           grand
           Councel
           of
           the
           Seventeen
           
           
           
           
           
           make
           lawes
           for
           the
           governing
           the
           Company
           ,
           both
           in
           India
           and
           Europe
           .
           It
           is
           they
           that
           appoint
           the
           dayes
           of
           Sale
           and
           what
           number
           of
           Ships
           each
           Chamber
           must
           send
           to
           the
           Indies
           :
           and
           likewise
           order
           the
           building
           of
           Ships
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           grand
           concernes
           .
           This
           Company
           is
           worthily
           Esteemed'a
           wise
           ,
           Politique
           ,
           deserving
           Company
           ,
           spareing
           no
           cost
           to
           get
           good
           Intelligence
           of
           affaires
           ,
           sending
           Messengers
           and
           Expresses
           over
           land
           to
           the
           East-Indies
           :
           They
           have
           their
           Spies
           and
           Correspondents
           in
           all
           the
           considerable
           Trading
           parts
           of
           the
           world
           ;
           They
           have
           been
           so
           industrious
           as
           to
           gaine
           the
           Spice
           Trade
           ,
           not
           only
           from
           the
           
             Venetians
             ,
             Spaniards
             ,
             Portugueses
             ,
             French
             ,
             Danes
          
           and
           other
           
             Europian
             nations
          
           ,
           but
           have
           also
           Ingrossed
           all
           the
           Spices
           ,
           so
           that
           ,
           as
           I
           tould
           you
           before
           ,
           they
           sell
           spices
           to
           the
           Indians
           themselves
           :
           but
           this
           I
           must
           say
           for
           them
           that
           they
           are
           a
           Generous
           Company
           and
           gratefully
           paying
           respectts
           where
           
           it
           is
           due
           ,
           as
           lately
           they
           have
           Complemented
           his
           
             Royall
             highness
             the
             Prince
             of
             Orange
          
           with
           an
           Annuall
           summe
           out
           of
           the
           profits
           of
           their
           Company
           ,
           to
           make
           him
           their
           ,
           friend
           and
           Protector
           .
           Neyther
           are
           they
           backward
           in
           bestowing
           presents
           upon
           strangers
           that
           have
           obliged
           them
           ,
           as
           I
           could
           instance
           in
           some
           of
           our
           own
           Nation
           :
           They
           are
           also
           very
           charitable
           to
           the
           Poore
           giveing
           them
           the
           1000th
           Gilder
           of
           all
           the
           goods
           they
           sell
           ;
           And
           to
           all
           the
           
             reformed
             Ministers
          
           in
           Amsterdam
           they
           send
           Spices
           at
           Christmas
           ,
           to
           pray
           every
           Sonday
           for
           the
           welfare
           and
           prosperitye
           of
           the
           Companie
           is
           a
           Buekler
           and
           defence
           for
           the
           Commonwealth
           upon
           all
           urgent
           occasions
           :
           and
           truly
           our
           
             English
             East-India
             Company
          
           might
           be
           the
           same
           to
           our
           King
           ,
           if
           the
           Differences
           between
           the
           two
           Companyes
           were
           composed
           :
           Especially
           now
           they
           have
           such
           a
           great
           King
           to
           protect
           them
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Interlopers
           
           are
           distroyed
           .
           And
           now
           it
           is
           hightyme
           I
           should
           tell
           you
           the
           methodes
           a
           stranger
           must
           take
           if
           he
           hath
           occasion
           to
           Keep
           house
           in
           Amsterdam
           :
           If
           a
           man
           will
           hyer
           an
           house
           ,
           he
           must
           take
           a
           lease
           upon
           seald
           paper
           ,
           for
           which
           you
           must
           pay
           a
           Tax
           to
           the
           States
           ,
           and
           pay
           the
           Broaker
           that
           makes
           the
           bargen
           ,
           but
           before
           you
           can
           buy
           a
           house
           you
           must
           be
           in
           a
           capacitie
           to
           be
           made
           a
           Burger
           .
           To
           this
           purpose
           it
           is
           usuall
           to
           take
           with
           you
           to
           the
           Stathouse
           your
           Broaker
           or
           any
           two
           Securityes
           ,
           and
           there
           before
           the
           Burgemasters
           take
           the
           oath
           of
           Burgerschap
           ,
           which
           is
           to
           be
           faithfull
           to
           the
           City
           ,
           to
           the
           Magistrates
           and
           Goverment
           &c.
           but
           if
           you
           buy
           either
           Land
           or
           Houses
           ,
           and
           lodge
           privately
           you
           will
           find
           your
           case
           much
           worse
           ,
           Then
           you
           must
           pay
           a
           Legion
           of
           Taxes
           to
           the
           mils
           that
           draine
           your
           Lands
           ,
           and
           for
           maintaining
           the
           Banks
           and
           Sluces
           ,
           and
           if
           the
           States
           have
           occasion
           
           to
           build
           a
           Fortification
           on
           your
           Lands
           ,
           or
           to
           drownd
           them
           in
           the
           tyme
           of
           warre
           ,
           you
           must
           be
           contented
           with
           the
           States
           Termes
           ,
           and
           if
           your
           house
           or
           houses
           stand
           Empty
           without
           Tenents
           ,
           yet
           you
           must
           pay
           the
           
             States
             Taxes
          
           on
           that
           house
           or
           houses
           ;
           Thus
           much
           for
           the
           method
           how
           you
           are
           to
           be
           advanced
           to
           be
           a
           Burger
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           you
           a
           tast
           what
           you
           are
           to
           pay
           for
           houses
           or
           Land
           ,
           if
           you
           settel
           there
           ,
           and
           if
           you
           have
           either
           purchased
           or
           hyred
           an
           house
           then
           comes
           an
           Officer
           from
           the
           Stathouse
           with
           a
           printed
           seald
           paper
           ,
           who
           tels
           you
           ,
           you
           must
           pay
           as
           followeth
           :
           first
           a
           pole
           tax
           for
           every
           male
           and
           female
           servant
           in
           the
           house
           above
           8
           yares
           old
           ,
           six
           Gilders
           a
           yeare
           .
        
         
           For
           a
           Coach
           if
           you
           keepe
           one
           75
           Gilders
           a
           yeare
           .
        
         
           For
           a
           Coach
           without
           wheeles
           50
           Gilders
           a
           yeare
           .
        
         
           For
           sope
           as
           the
           Number
           of
           the
           familie
           is
           :
        
         
         
           The
           like
           for
           salt
           :
        
         
           For
           wyne
           as
           your
           Qualitie
           is
           :
        
         
           To
           the
           Rattel
           watch
           as
           your
           house
           is
           in
           Greatnes
           .
        
         
           To
           the
           Lanthornes
           as
           the
           largenes
           of
           the
           house
           is
           .
        
         
           For
           Butter
           every
           20
           pound
           seven
           stivers
           .
        
         
           For
           Beens
           halse
           as
           much
           as
           you
           pay
           for
           the
           beens
           .
        
         
           For
           Turff
           every
           Tun
           five
           stivers
           .
        
         
           For
           every
           20
           Gilders
           in
           wood
           six
           Gilders
           .
        
         
           For
           Flesh
           the
           Tax
           often
           changeth
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           also
           a
           Tax
           on
           the
           Bread.
           
        
         
           Then
           there
           is
           a
           Tax
           called
           the
           200ste
           penny
           ,
           and
           a
           Tax
           called
           the
           8th
           :
           then
           there
           are
           many
           Taxes
           in
           Trade
           ,
           as
           that
           no
           man
           can
           weigh
           or
           measure
           out
           his
           owne
           Goods
           if
           sould
           in
           grosse
           ,
           but
           the
           
             States
             Officers
          
           must
           doe
           it
           ,
           Then
           the
           States
           have
           a
           Tax
           called
           the
           Verpounding
           on
           all
           Lands
           and
           Houses
           in
           their
           Dominious
           :
           Then
           they
           have
           a
           Tax
           on
           sealdpaper
           ,
           and
           a
           Tax
           for
           
           Registering
           Lands
           or
           houses
           ,
           likewise
           a
           Tax
           on
           
             Cowes
             ,
             Horses
             ,
             Calues
          
           ,
           and
           all
           sort
           of
           Fruit.
           There
           are
           many
           other
           Taxes
           I
           could
           name
           ,
           as
           a
           stiver
           for
           every
           man
           that
           goes
           out
           or
           into
           any
           City
           after
           the
           houer
           of
           shutting
           the
           Ports
           ,
           also
           you
           pay
           for
           going
           over
           som
           Bridges
           ,
           and
           passing
           thro
           Gates
           called
           Tolhek
           ,
           a
           stiver
           for
           every
           persons
           ,
           but
           
             Coaches
             ,
             Wagons
          
           or
           Horses
           pay
           more
           ;
           These
           I
           have
           already
           named
           ,
           you
           will
           say
           ,
           are
           to
           many
           ,
           yet
           I
           may
           not
           forget
           to
           tell
           you
           ,
           that
           Milke
           first
           payes
           as
           Milke
           ,
           and
           again
           if
           it
           be
           made
           Butter
           yea
           the
           Buttermilke
           ,
           and
           whay
           payes
           a
           Tax
           likewise
           ,
           for
           all
           which
           a
           man
           would
           think
           that
           a
           people
           that
           stand
           so
           much
           upon
           maintaining
           of
           their
           liberty
           should
           Mutinie
           and
           refuse
           payment
           .
           But
           this
           seldome
           happens
           ,
           and
           if
           it
           doth
           the
           States
           punish
           them
           very
           severely
           .
           I
           remember
           that
           in
           my
           tyme
           there
           was
           a
           mutinie
           at
           Sardam
           about
           paying
           a
           new
           Tax
           ,
           
           whereupon
           the
           States
           sent
           a
           Regiment
           of
           their
           Souldiers
           ,
           and
           seased
           the
           heads
           of
           the
           Mutiniers
           and
           hanged
           up
           5
           or
           six
           of
           them
           at
           the
           Townes
           end
           ,
           and
           severely
           whipt
           8
           under
           the
           Gallowes
           ;
           And
           in
           the
           rich
           City
           of
           Amsterdam
           if
           any
           refuse
           to
           pay
           their
           Tax
           ,
           the
           Magistrates
           send
           their
           Officer
           to
           pull
           of
           their
           Dores
           ,
           and
           if
           they
           remaine
           long
           obstinate
           ,
           they
           send
           and
           fetch
           away
           the
           lower
           Windowes
           of
           their
           house
           ,
           and
           they
           dare
           not
           put
           up
           others
           ,
           until
           they
           have
           payd
           the
           Taxes
           ;
           Howerer
           this
           is
           observable
           that
           if
           any
           man
           will
           sweare
           he
           is
           not
           worth
           what
           he
           is
           taxed
           at
           ,
           then
           he
           is
           free
           :
           but
           there
           are
           many
           so
           proud
           ,
           that
           they
           will
           not
           let
           the
           world
           Know
           their
           Condition
           ,
           I
           Knew
           a
           Merchant
           named
           Ornia
           ,
           who
           payd
           during
           the
           war
           for
           his
           200ste
           penny
           and
           other
           Taxes
           for
           his
           and
           his
           wives
           Children
           ,
           (
           haveing
           had
           two
           rich
           wives
           )
           14000
           pound
           sterlyng
           :
           I
           also
           knew
           an
           English
           Anabaptist
           Merchant
           
           who
           tould
           Mr.
           Envoye
           Sidney
           in
           my
           presence
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           payd
           neare
           4000
           L.
           sterlyng
           to
           the
           war
           ,
           and
           yet
           the
           same
           man
           did
           Grumble
           to
           pay
           his
           Majesties
           Consul
           a
           pittyfull
           fee
           or
           Consulat
           money
           on
           his
           Ships
           :
           the
           reason
           whereof
           I
           once
           asked
           him
           ,
           who
           answered
           me
           that
           the
           King
           could
           not
           raise
           a
           penny
           in
           England
           without
           his
           Parlement
           ,
           and
           therefore
           much
           less
           ,
           could
           he
           doe
           it
           in
           the
           States
           Country
           :
           Thus
           these
           Phanaticks
           had
           rather
           make
           bricks
           without
           straw
           ,
           then
           pay
           the
           least
           tribut
           to
           their
           Naturall
           Princes
           Officer
           :
           should
           wee
           in
           England
           be
           obliged
           to
           pay
           the
           Taxes
           that
           are
           here
           imposed
           ,
           there
           would
           be
           Rebellion
           ,
           upon
           Rebellion
           :
           and
           yet
           after
           all
           that
           is
           here
           payd
           no
           man
           may
           bake
           his
           owne
           bread
           ,
           or
           grind
           his
           owne
           corne
           ,
           or
           brew
           his
           beere
           ,
           nor
           dare
           any
           man
           keepe
           in
           his
           house
           a
           hand
           Mil
           ,
           althought
           it
           be
           but
           to
           grind
           Mustard
           or
           Coffy
           .
           I
           remember
           one
           Mis
           Guyn
           a
           Coffy
           woman
           
           at
           Rotterdam
           had
           like
           to
           have
           been
           ruined
           for
           grinding
           hir
           owne
           Coffy
           ,
           had
           not
           
             Sir
             Lyonel
             Jenkins
          
           employed
           his
           Secretary
           
             Doctor
             Wyn
          
           to
           intreat
           the
           States
           on
           her
           behalfe
           ,
           and
           it
           was
           reckoned
           a
           grand
           favor
           that
           shee
           was
           only
           find
           ,
           and
           not
           banished
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           forfiture
           made
           of
           all
           her
           Goods
           ;
           I
           remember
           also
           a
           Landlord
           of
           mine
           in
           Layden
           bought
           a
           live
           Pig
           in
           the
           market
           and
           Innocently
           brough
           it
           home
           ,
           and
           Kild
           it
           ,
           for
           which
           he
           had
           like
           to
           have
           been
           ruinated
           ,
           because
           he
           did
           not
           frist
           send
           to
           the
           accisemen
           to
           accise
           it
           ,
           and
           also
           let
           the
           Visitors
           see
           that
           the
           Pig
           was
           free
           from
           deseases
           At
           an
           other
           time
           a
           wyne
           Merchant
           comeing
           to
           give
           me
           a
           Visit
           ,
           tould
           me
           that
           he
           had
           the
           rarest
           Rhinish
           in
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           that
           if
           I
           would
           send
           my
           maid
           to
           his
           Cellar
           with
           six
           Bottels
           they
           should
           be
           fild
           :
           whereupon
           I
           sent
           the
           maid
           only
           with
           two
           bottels
           ,
           and
           charged
           her
           to
           hide
           them
           under
           her
           apron
           ,
           but
           
           such
           was
           her
           misfortune
           that
           the
           Scouts
           Dienaers
           met
           her
           and
           seized
           her
           and
           her
           bottels
           ,
           and
           caryed
           her
           to
           Prison
           ,
           which
           cost
           the
           Wyne
           Merchant
           1500
           Gilders
           ,
           and
           had
           it
           not
           bin
           for
           the
           strongest
           solicitations
           made
           by
           us
           ,
           he
           had
           bin
           ruined
           :
           so
           sacred
           are
           Taxes
           here
           and
           must
           so
           exactly
           be
           payd
           .
           And
           were
           they
           not
           here
           so
           precise
           ,
           it
           were
           Impossible
           for
           so
           smal
           a
           Country
           to
           subsist
           :
           And
           therefore
           you
           may
           heare
           the
           Inhabitants
           generally
           say
           ,
           that
           what
           they
           suffer
           is
           for
           their
           Vaderland
           ,
           hence
           the
           meanest
           among
           them
           are
           content
           to
           pay
           what
           is
           layd
           on
           them
           ,
           for
           they
           say
           all
           what
           is
           the
           Vaderlands
           is
           ours
           the
           men
           of
           war
           are
           theirs
           ,
           the
           sumptuous
           Magazins
           ,
           Bridges
           and
           every
           thing
           what
           is
           the
           Vaderlands
           .
           And
           indeed
           in
           a
           sense
           it
           is
           so
           for
           they
           have
           this
           to
           Comfort
           them
           ,
           that
           if
           it
           please
           God
           to
           Visit
           them
           with
           Poverty
           ,
           they
           and
           their
           Children
           have
           the
           publick
           purse
           to
           maintaine
           
           them
           ,
           and
           this
           is
           one
           maine
           reason
           why
           they
           so
           willingly
           pay
           their
           Taxes
           as
           they
           doe
           ,
           for
           there
           's
           not
           a
           soule
           borne
           in
           the
           
             States
             Dominions
          
           that
           wants
           warme
           Cloathes
           and
           Dyet
           ;
           and
           good
           lodging
           ,
           if
           they
           make
           their
           case
           knowne
           to
           the
           Magistrates
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           Vagabonds
           that
           rove
           up
           and
           downe
           the
           streets
           ,
           they
           are
           either
           Walons
           or
           other
           strangers
           as
           pretend
           to
           have
           bin
           ruinated
           by
           the
           late
           wars
           .
           I
           shall
           now
           in
           the
           next
           place
           let
           you
           know
           how
           Exellently
           the
           laws
           are
           here
           executed
           against
           Fraud
           and
           periury
           ,
           and
           the
           Intention
           of
           Murders
           ,
           which
           lawes
           were
           once
           much
           used
           in
           England
           ,
           as
           you
           shall
           heare
           hereafter
           when
           I
           speake
           of
           the
           
             Duke
             of
             Brandenburgs
          
           Court.
           I
           shall
           here
           Instance
           a
           few
           particullars
           that
           hapened
           in
           my
           tyme
           :
           There
           was
           a
           Spark
           that
           made
           false
           assignments
           on
           the
           Admiralty
           ,
           who
           tho
           related
           to
           many
           of
           the
           Magistrates
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           had
           his
           head
           cut
           of
           ;
           and
           another
           who
           was
           a
           Clark
           in
           the
           Merchants
           
           bank
           ,
           who
           made
           false
           posts
           in
           their
           Bookes
           ,
           and
           had
           his
           head
           also
           cut
           of
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Portions
           he
           had
           given
           with
           his
           Daughters
           ,
           the
           Husbands
           were
           forced
           to
           pay
           back
           ,
           and
           all
           his
           houses
           and
           Goods
           were
           sould
           at
           his
           dore
           in
           the
           open
           streets
           ;
           I
           knew
           a
           french
           Marquis
           who
           swore
           his
           Regiment
           was
           Compleat
           ,
           and
           when
           the
           States
           knew
           that
           he
           had
           not
           halfe
           his
           Regiment
           ,
           he
           likewise
           had
           his
           head
           cut
           of
           in
           the
           Prison
           in
           the
           Hague
           .
           I
           also
           knew
           a
           french
           Paedagogue
           a
           Runagado
           Monk
           who
           designed
           to
           have
           murdred
           his
           master
           Major
           Cavellio
           ,
           and
           his
           two
           pupils
           young
           Children
           of
           the
           Majors
           ,
           and
           afterward
           to
           set
           the
           house
           afire
           to
           couler
           the
           murder
           ,
           he
           had
           his
           head
           Cut
           of
           and
           set
           upon
           a
           Post
           with
           his
           body
           on
           a
           Wheele
           neare
           the
           Hague
           ;
           I
           could
           name
           you
           two
           others
           Cheaters
           ,
           who
           were
           severely
           whipt
           under
           the
           Gallowes
           :
           and
           two
           under
           Farmers
           who
           designed
           to
           run
           away
           with
           the
           States
           money
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Cheat
           of
           breakeing
           with
           ●
           full
           hand
           is
           not
           so
           frequent
           in
           Holland
           as
           in
           England
           (
           where
           some
           use
           it
           as
           a
           way
           to
           Slip
           out
           of
           Business
           and
           then
           to
           live
           conveniently
           afterward
           upon
           the
           Estates
           of
           other
           men
           because
           in
           Holland
           they
           are
           more
           severely
           punished
           when
           discovered
           ,
           then
           in
           England
           :
           as
           on
           the
           contrary
           those
           that
           fall
           to
           decay
           throw
           losses
           and
           unavoidable
           accidents
           which
           they
           could
           not
           prevent
           ,
           find
           a
           more
           speedy
           and
           easie
           way
           of
           Compounding
           and
           finishing
           matters
           with
           their
           Creditours
           if
           they
           be
           over
           strickt
           ,
           then
           the
           Custome
           or
           law
           of
           England
           doth
           aford
           ,
           for
           the
           suing
           out
           of
           Statuts
           of
           Bankrupts
           in
           England
           doth
           prouve
           many
           tymes
           fo
           pernitious
           both
           to
           Creditour
           and
           Debtor
           throw
           the
           tediousnes
           of
           the
           proceedings
           and
           the
           expensivenes
           of
           Executing
           the
           Commissions
           ,
           that
           what
           by
           Commissioners
           fees
           ,
           Treatises
           and
           other
           incident
           charges
           ,
           the
           Creditours
           are
           put
           to
           such
           Expences
           
           as
           to
           be
           uterly
           disappointed
           of
           their
           Debt
           ,
           and
           the
           Poore
           Debtors
           for
           ever
           ruinated
           and
           undone
           ;
           I
           shall
           therefore
           in
           this
           place
           give
           a
           short
           relation
           of
           the
           method
           used
           in
           Amsterdam
           in
           the
           case
           of
           Bankrupts
           ,
           which
           perhaps
           may
           be
           taken
           notice
           of
           by
           our
           King
           and
           Parlement
           for
           the
           preventing
           disorders
           and
           sad
           abuses
           that
           dayly
           hapen
           in
           Executing
           the
           Statutes
           of
           Bankrupts
           ;
           The
           Magistrates
           of
           Amsterdam
           everie
           yeare
           name
           Commissioners
           for
           Bankrupts
           ,
           out
           of
           those
           that
           make
           up
           a
           Judicature
           ,
           like
           to
           our
           courts
           of
           Aldermen
           in
           London
           ;
           These
           meet
           certaine
           dayes
           in
           the
           weeke
           in
           a
           distinct
           Chamber
           in
           the
           Stathouse
           over
           whose
           doore
           is
           cut
           in
           marble
           the
           Emblem
           of
           Fortune
           flying
           away
           with
           wings
           ,
           and
           round
           chests
           turnd
           up
           side
           down
           ,
           with
           mice
           and
           Ratts
           eateing
           the
           money
           
             Baggs
             ,
             Pens
             ,
             Inkhornes
          
           and
           Paperbookes
           .
           There
           they
           receive
           Petitions
           from
           Debtors
           and
           Creditours
           ,
           and
           as
           occasion
           
           
           
           
           
           requireth
           summon
           the
           partyes
           to
           appeare
           before
           them
           ,
           and
           to
           lay
           open
           the
           true
           State
           of
           the
           matter
           :
           This
           done
           they
           either
           by
           authoritie
           seaze
           the
           Bankrupts
           Books
           and
           Effects
           ,
           or
           Else
           without
           any
           stir
           and
           noise
           leave
           all
           remaining
           in
           the
           Debtors
           houses
           ,
           and
           send
           thither
           two
           Committes
           to
           examine
           the
           Bookes
           ,
           and
           make
           an
           inventorie
           of
           the
           Estate
           ;
           with
           power
           to
           compose
           the
           matter
           ,
           without
           giveing
           much
           trouble
           to
           the
           parties
           .
           If
           the
           Comissioners
           find
           that
           the
           Debtor
           is
           come
           to
           decay
           by
           unexpected
           losses
           and
           unavoidable
           accidents
           ,
           to
           which
           he
           did
           not
           at
           all
           contribute
           ,
           it
           is
           their
           usuall
           way
           to
           propose
           to
           the
           Creditour
           such
           amicable
           and
           easy
           termes
           ,
           as
           the
           poore
           man
           may
           be
           able
           to
           performe
           ,
           alotting
           some
           tymes
           the
           halse
           of
           the
           Estate
           left
           to
           the
           Debtor
           ,
           some
           tymes
           a
           third
           part
           ,
           and
           some
           tymes
           perswading
           the
           Crediteurs
           to
           advance
           to
           the
           poore
           man
           a
           sum
           of
           mony
           to
           help
           him
           up
           
           againe
           in
           Trade
           ,
           upon
           condition
           that
           he
           do
           oblige
           himselfe
           to
           pay
           the
           Creditours
           all
           he
           oweth
           them
           ,
           when
           God
           shall
           be
           pleased
           to
           make
           him
           able
           ;
           but
           on
           the
           Contrary
           if
           the
           Commissioners
           find
           that
           a
           Trader
           hath
           dealt
           Knavishly
           and
           broaken
           with
           a
           designe
           to
           defraud
           and
           cheat
           his
           Creditours
           ,
           as
           if
           it
           appeare
           that
           a
           Bankrupt
           hath
           kept
           false
           bookes
           ,
           and
           counterfitted
           bills
           of
           Exchange
           ,
           Bills
           of
           Loading
           ,
           or
           pretended
           Commissions
           from
           forraigne
           parts
           ;
           In
           such
           a
           case
           they
           are
           very
           severe
           and
           not
           only
           seaze
           all
           the
           Bookes
           and
           Effects
           of
           the
           Bankrupt
           ,
           but
           also
           Imprison
           him
           ,
           and
           also
           punish
           him
           Corporally
           ,
           and
           if
           the
           cheat
           be
           of
           an
           haynous
           nature
           ,
           sentence
           him
           somtime
           to
           death
           ,
           whereas
           if
           the
           Debtor
           be
           only
           unfortunate
           and
           no
           wayes
           knaveish
           ,
           then
           the
           Commissaries
           use
           all
           the
           Power
           they
           have
           to
           force
           the
           Creditours
           to
           accept
           the
           Poore
           mans
           termes
           ,
           the
           which
           is
           better
           for
           the
           Creditours
           then
           to
           
           use
           the
           Rigor
           of
           the
           law
           ,
           in
           committing
           the
           Poore
           man
           to
           Prison
           ,
           seeing
           in
           that
           case
           the
           Creditours
           must
           maintaine
           him
           in
           Prison
           according
           to
           his
           quality
           ,
           where
           if
           he
           lyes
           a
           certaine
           tyme
           ,
           and
           the
           Creditours
           be
           not
           able
           to
           prove
           the
           Prisoner
           hath
           an
           Estate
           ,
           then
           the
           Debtor
           is
           admitted
           to
           his
           oath
           to
           sweare
           he
           is
           not
           worth
           40
           Gilders
           besides
           his
           weareing
           Cloathes
           ,
           and
           working
           Tooles
           ,
           and
           then
           he
           is
           sett
           at
           libertie
           ,
           but
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           let
           the
           Prisoner
           have
           a
           care
           not
           to
           make
           a
           false
           Oath
           ,
           for
           then
           he
           is
           punished
           without
           mercy
           ,
           an
           Instance
           of
           which
           hapened
           in
           my
           tyme.
           
        
         
           The
           States
           haveing
           admitted
           a
           certaine
           Few
           to
           come
           and
           make
           such
           an
           Oath
           before
           them
           ,
           were
           at
           the
           same
           tyme
           Informed
           by
           the
           Goaler
           that
           this
           Few
           had
           been
           seen
           throw
           the
           chinks
           of
           the
           Doore
           ,
           quilting
           Ducats
           of
           Gould
           and
           some
           Diamons
           in
           his
           Cloathes
           ,
           to
           the
           Value
           of
           5000
           Gilders
           The
           States
           hereupon
           
           admonished
           the
           Few
           to
           take
           heed
           to
           what
           he
           was
           about
           to
           sweare
           ,
           because
           the
           law
           was
           very
           strickt
           against
           such
           as
           made
           false
           oathes
           before
           them
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           same
           tyme
           caused
           the
           oath
           and
           the
           Law
           to
           be
           read
           unto
           him
           ,
           nevertheless
           the
           Few
           offered
           to
           take
           the
           oath
           ,
           but
           the
           Lords
           not
           suffering
           him
           to
           sweare
           ,
           because
           then
           he
           must
           dye
           by
           Law
           ,
           caused
           him
           to
           be
           taken
           out
           into
           another
           room
           and
           searched
           ,
           where
           they
           found
           about
           him
           the
           Ducats
           and
           Diamonts
           :
           this
           being
           tould
           the
           Lords
           they
           sent
           for
           him
           in
           ,
           and
           then
           Sentenced
           him
           to
           have
           60
           lashes
           under
           the
           Gallowes
           and
           to
           be
           banished
           the
           Country
           ,
           yet
           because
           the
           Few
           had
           many
           Children
           ,
           they
           gave
           a
           3
           d
           part
           of
           what
           was
           taken
           about
           him
           to
           his
           wife
           and
           Children
           ,
           and
           a
           third
           to
           the
           Poore
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           3
           d
           to
           the
           Creditours
           ,
           which
           was
           enough
           to
           pay
           them
           their
           Debt
           ;
           These
           Commissiorers
           are
           payd
           by
           the
           States
           and
           
           have
           not
           a
           doit
           from
           Debtors
           ,
           or
           Creditours
           for
           all
           what
           they
           doe
           .
           These
           Commissioners
           are
           also
           much
           to
           be
           commended
           for
           their
           readynes
           to
           doe
           good
           Offices
           to
           those
           Poore
           Merchants
           ,
           Who
           haveing
           lived
           honestly
           ,
           are
           brought
           to
           decay
           by
           losses
           and
           Crosses
           in
           their
           Trade
           :
           who
           when
           they
           find
           any
           such
           so
           Poore
           that
           they
           can
           neither
           pay
           their
           Creditours
           ,
           nor
           maintaine
           the
           charge
           of
           their
           Families
           ,
           it
           is
           their
           constant
           Custome
           ,
           to
           take
           their
           Children
           from
           them
           ,
           and
           maintaine
           and
           bring
           them
           up
           in
           their
           Hospitalls
           ,
           yea
           often
           also
           soliciting
           the
           Burgemasters
           on
           their
           behalfe
           to
           bestow
           some
           smal
           Office
           upon
           them
           for
           their
           Reliefe
           ,
           and
           Subsistance
           ;
           And
           here
           I
           must
           not
           omitt
           to
           aquaint
           you
           ,
           that
           as
           the
           Compounding
           of
           matters
           in
           Holland
           betwixt
           Debtor
           and
           Creditour
           so
           as
           hath
           been
           said
           ,
           is
           very
           easy
           and
           equitable
           ,
           so
           is
           also
           thier
           way
           or
           method
           of
           sueing
           for
           Debts
           very
           
           favorable
           ,
           which
           is
           after
           this
           maner
           ,
           In
           the
           first
           place
           a
           note
           or
           summons
           is
           left
           at
           the
           Debtors
           house
           ,
           and
           if
           he
           nectlect
           to
           appeare
           ,
           a
           second
           summons
           is
           sent
           ,
           but
           then
           if
           he
           neither
           appeare
           himselfe
           ,
           or
           send
           his
           Proctor
           ,
           the
           sheriffs
           order
           an
           arrest
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           when
           he
           it
           brought
           before
           them
           ,
           if
           the
           matter
           be
           difficult
           it
           is
           referred
           to
           two
           or
           three
           Goodmen
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           tyme
           given
           him
           ,
           but
           if
           the
           plaintiff
           make
           Oath
           that
           he
           apprehends
           the
           Debtor
           hath
           a
           designe
           to
           run
           away
           ,
           then
           must
           the
           Prisoner
           either
           give
           baile
           or
           return
           to
           Prison
           .
           It
           is
           a
           remark
           that
           I
           have
           made
           in
           my
           Travells
           ,
           that
           excepting
           France
           and
           Flanders
           I
           never
           saw
           in
           any
           Prison
           above
           40
           Prisoners
           for
           debt
           at
           one
           tyme
           ,
           and
           in
           some
           great
           Townes
           as
           in
           Harlem
           and
           other
           ,
           some
           tymes
           not
           one
           ;
           And
           the
           reason
           hereof
           is
           plaine
           ,
           for
           you
           cannot
           lay
           a
           man
           in
           Prison
           for
           an
           Action
           or
           debt
           ,
           small
           ,
           or
           great
           ,
           but
           you
           must
           maintaine
           
           the
           Prisoner
           ,
           so
           that
           many
           tymes
           the
           charges
           exceed
           the
           principall
           Debt
           ,
           and
           after
           all
           the
           Prisoner
           can
           free
           himselfe
           ;
           Whereas
           the
           Custome
           in
           England
           encouraged
           by
           those
           Varlets
           the
           Pettyfogers
           and
           Catchpoles
           of
           turning
           a
           man
           into
           Prison
           for
           a
           Crowne
           ,
           or
           it
           may
           be
           for
           nothing
           at
           all
           ,
           if
           he
           connot
           find
           Bail
           ,
           he
           may
           lye
           and
           starve
           there
           ,
           is
           an
           abominable
           abuse
           ,
           as
           also
           that
           of
           suborning
           false
           Witnesses
           ,
           to
           much
           in
           use
           in
           England
           ,
           which
           is
           Extremely
           cried
           out
           against
           
             Beyond
             sea
          
           .
           And
           now
           because
           I
           am
           Speakeing
           of
           Pettyfogers
           ,
           give
           me
           leave
           to
           tell
           you
           a
           story
           I
           mett
           with
           when
           I
           lived
           in
           Rome
           ,
           goeing
           with
           a
           Romane
           to
           see
           some
           Antiquityes
           ,
           he
           shewed
           me
           a
           Chapell
           dedicated
           to
           one
           St
           Evona
           a
           Lawyer
           of
           Brittanie
           who
           he
           said
           came
           to
           Rome
           to
           Entreat
           the
           Pope
           to
           give
           the
           Lawyers
           of
           Brittanie
           a
           Patron
           ,
           to
           which
           the
           Pope
           replyed
           that
           he
           knew
           of
           no
           Saint
           but
           what
           was
           disposed
           of
           to
           
           other
           Professions
           ,
           at
           which
           Evona
           was
           very
           sad
           and
           earnestly
           begd
           of
           the
           Pope
           to
           think
           of
           one
           for
           them
           :
           At
           the
           last
           the
           Pope
           proposed
           to
           St
           Evona
           that
           he
           should
           goe
           round
           the
           Church
           of
           St.
           John
           de
           Latera
           blind
           fould
           ,
           and
           after
           he
           had
           said
           so
           many
           Ave
           Marias
           ,
           that
           the
           first
           Saint
           he
           layd
           hold
           of
           ,
           should
           be
           his
           Patron
           ,
           which
           the
           good
           old
           Lawyer
           willingly
           undertook
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           end
           of
           his
           Ave
           Maryes
           ,
           he
           stopt
           at
           St.
           
             Michels
             Altar
          
           ,
           where
           he
           layd
           hold
           of
           the
           Divell
           ,
           under
           St.
           Michels
           feet
           ,
           and
           cryd
           out
           ,
           this
           is
           our
           Saint
           ,
           let
           him
           be
           our
           Patron
           ,
           so
           beeing
           unblindfolded
           and
           seeing
           what
           a
           Patron
           he
           had
           chosen
           ,
           he
           went
           to
           his
           Lodgings
           so
           dejected
           ,
           that
           in
           few
           moneths
           after
           he
           die'd
           and
           coming
           to
           
             heavens
             Gates
          
           knockt
           hard
           ,
           whereupon
           St
           Peoter
           asked
           who
           it
           was
           that
           knockt
           so
           bouldly
           ,
           he
           replyed
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           St.
           Evona
           the
           Advocate
           ,
           Away
           ,
           away
           said
           St.
           Peter
           here
           is
           but
           one
           Advocate
           in
           heaven
           ,
           
           here
           is
           no
           roome
           for
           you
           Lawyers
           ,
           O
           but
           said
           St.
           Evona
           ,
           I
           am
           that
           honest
           lawyer
           who
           never
           tooke
           fees
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           or
           ever
           pleaded
           in
           a
           bad
           Cause
           ,
           nor
           did
           I
           ever
           set
           my
           Naibours
           together
           by
           the
           Eares
           ,
           or
           lived
           by
           the
           sins
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           well
           then
           said
           St.
           Peter
           ,
           come
           in
           ;
           This
           newes
           comeing
           downe
           to
           Rome
           a
           witty
           Poet
           writ
           upon
           St.
           Evonas
           Tomb
           these
           words
           :
           St.
           Evona
           un
           
             Briton
             ,
             Advocat
             non
             Larron
             ,
             Haleluiah
             .
          
           This
           Story
           put
           me
           in
           mind
           of
           Ben
           :
           Johnson
           goeing
           throw
           a
           Church
           in
           Surry
           ,
           seeing
           Poore
           people
           weeping
           over
           a
           Grave
           ,
           asked
           one
           of
           the
           women
           why
           they
           wept
           ,
           Oh
           said
           shee
           ,
           we
           have
           lost
           our
           pretious
           Lawyer
           ,
           Justice
           Randall
           ,
           he
           kept
           us
           all
           in
           peace
           ,
           and
           always
           was
           so
           good
           as
           to
           keep
           us
           from
           goeing
           to
           law
           ,
           the
           best
           man
           ever
           lived
           ,
           well
           said
           
             Ben
             Johnson
          
           I
           will
           send
           you
           an
           Epitaph
           to
           write
           upon
           his
           Tomb
           ,
           which
           was
           ,
           
             
             
               God
               works
               wonders
               now
               and
               than
               ,
            
             
               Here
               lyes
               a
               Lawyer
               an
               honest-man
               .
            
          
        
         
           And
           trully
           
             old
             Ben
          
           :
           was
           in
           the
           right
           ,
           for
           in
           my
           tyme
           I
           have
           observed
           some
           Gentlemen
           of
           that
           profession
           that
           have
           not
           Acted
           like
           St.
           Evona
           ,
           or
           Justice
           Randal
           ,
           I
           wil
           say
           no
           more
           of
           them
           ,
           but
           wish
           them
           as
           great
           fees
           ,
           and
           as
           much
           encouragement
           as
           the
           Lawyers
           have
           in
           Switserland
           .
        
         
           I
           now
           come
           to
           speake
           some
           thing
           of
           the
           three
           Taxes
           I
           mentioned
           in
           the
           former
           part
           of
           my
           remarques
           on
           Taxes
           ,
           of
           which
           the
           first
           ought
           rather
           to
           be
           called
           an
           usefull
           and
           publique
           invention
           ,
           like
           to
           that
           of
           the
           Insurance
           Office
           in
           London
           ,
           then
           a
           publick
           Tax
           ,
           seeing
           no
           man
           needs
           contribute
           to
           it
           unless
           they
           please
           ,
           and
           find
           his
           profit
           by
           it
           ,
           but
           the
           other
           may
           be
           called
           Taxes
           because
           the
           subjects
           are
           obliged
           to
           
           submit
           to
           them
           ,
           but
           then
           they
           are
           so
           easy
           ,
           that
           what
           the
           Publick
           gets
           thereby
           not
           only
           lessons
           Extraordinary
           subsidies
           ,
           which
           many
           tymes
           occasions
           clamour
           ,
           when
           because
           of
           their
           raritie
           and
           the
           urgencie
           of
           occasions
           ,
           they
           must
           needs
           be
           great
           .
        
         
           Yet
           it
           is
           sufficently
           compensated
           by
           the
           advantage
           and
           securitie
           in
           the
           Estates
           which
           private
           persons
           ,
           who
           are
           obliged
           to
           pay
           it
           ,
           reape
           thereby
           dayly
           ;
           I
           am
           confident
           that
           if
           the
           King
           and
           Parlement
           thought
           fit
           to
           introduce
           some
           or
           all
           three
           of
           these
           taxes
           into
           England
           ,
           the
           publick
           charge
           of
           Goverment
           might
           be
           defrayed
           with
           more
           ease
           and
           with
           less
           repining
           and
           clamour
           ,
           then
           when
           it
           must
           be
           done
           by
           new
           and
           high
           Impositions
           ,
           how
           ever
           our
           Governers
           are
           the
           proper
           Judges
           of
           that
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           then
           is
           an
           House
           called
           the
           merchants
           Bank
           which
           is
           governed
           by
           diverse
           Commissioners
           ,
           
           Clarks
           and
           Booke
           keepers
           ,
           likewise
           a
           Essaymaster
           who
           Judgeth
           of
           the
           Gould
           and
           Silver
           ,
           that
           at
           any
           tyme
           is
           brought
           into
           the
           Bank
           uncoyned
           ,
           the
           security
           given
           for
           preservation
           thereof
           ,
           are
           the
           States
           and
           Magistrates
           of
           Amsterdam
           .
           Now
           if
           you
           have
           a
           mind
           to
           put
           money
           into
           the
           Bank
           ,
           suppose
           a
           1000
           L.
           less
           or
           more
           ,
           you
           must
           goe
           to
           the
           Clarks
           and
           ask
           a
           folio
           for
           your
           name
           ,
           and
           then
           pay
           in
           your
           money
           at
           three
           or
           foure
           per
           cent
           according
           as
           the
           rate
           of
           the
           Bank
           money
           is
           high
           or
           low
           ,
           or
           you
           may
           buy
           it
           of
           those
           called
           Cashiers
           or
           Broakers
           :
           then
           get
           the
           Clarks
           to
           set
           downe
           in
           the
           folio
           what
           you
           bring
           in
           ,
           haveing
           done
           so
           you
           may
           draw
           this
           summe
           ,
           or
           sell
           it
           in
           what
           parcels
           you
           please
           ,
           but
           then
           if
           you
           let
           your
           money
           lye
           seven
           yeares
           in
           the
           Bank
           ,
           you
           receive
           no
           Intrest
           for
           the
           same
           .
           If
           you
           aske
           where
           then
           is
           the
           advantage
           for
           the
           Merchants
           ?
           I
           answer
           first
           you
           have
           your
           money
           ready
           at
           all
           tymes
           for
           answering
           
           bills
           of
           Exchange
           ,
           and
           making
           other
           payments
           :
           you
           are
           at
           no
           charge
           for
           baggs
           or
           portage
           ,
           at
           no
           loss
           by
           false
           tale
           or
           bad
           money
           ,
           in
           no
           danger
           of
           Thieves
           or
           unfaithfull
           servants
           ,
           or
           fire
           ,
           and
           above
           all
           you
           have
           the
           accounts
           of
           your
           cash
           most
           punctually
           and
           Justly
           kept
           without
           any
           trouble
           or
           runing
           the
           risk
           of
           Gouldsmith
           or
           Cashieres
           breaking
           in
           your
           Debt
           ;
           for
           such
           is
           their
           care
           that
           twice
           a
           yeare
           ,
           or
           some
           tymes
           oftner
           they
           shut
           up
           the
           Bank
           for
           14
           dayes
           ,
           and
           then
           all
           that
           have
           concerns
           therein
           must
           bring
           in
           their
           accounts
           to
           the
           Clarkes
           ,
           who
           a
           few
           dayes
           after
           ,
           haveing
           viewed
           the
           Bookes
           ,
           aquaint
           such
           as
           have
           brought
           in
           wrong
           accounts
           with
           their
           mistakes
           ,
           desiring
           them
           to
           returne
           to
           their
           bookes
           ,
           and
           rectifie
           their
           Error
           ,
           not
           telling
           them
           wherein
           the
           mistake
           lyes
           ,
           so
           that
           I
           have
           knowne
           Merchants
           ,
           in
           my
           tyme
           sent
           back
           three
           or
           foure
           tymes
           ,
           with
           their
           wrong
           accounts
           :
           but
           if
           they
           begin
           
           to
           grow
           Impatient
           and
           say
           that
           they
           will
           stand
           to
           their
           accounts
           ,
           then
           they
           pay
           a
           mulct
           to
           the
           Clarkes
           upon
           their
           Covincing
           them
           of
           their
           mistakes
           ,
           either
           by
           chargeing
           to
           much
           upon
           the
           Bank
           ,
           or
           forgetting
           or
           omitting
           what
           was
           their
           due
           .
           I
           knew
           two
           Merchants
           ,
           who
           haveing
           for
           gott
           the
           one
           750
           L.
           and
           the
           other
           220
           L.
           in
           their
           accounts
           ,
           were
           honestly
           rectified
           by
           the
           Clarkes
           ,
           so
           that
           they
           susstained
           no
           loss
           ;
           besides
           this
           care
           of
           the
           Clarkes
           in
           keeping
           and
           Stating
           the
           accounts
           ,
           the
           bank
           is
           obliged
           for
           five
           L.
           a
           yeare
           to
           send
           to
           every
           Merchant
           ,
           that
           desires
           it
           ,
           their
           accounts
           every
           morning
           before
           Exchange
           tyme
           ,
           of
           the
           moneyes
           written
           of
           by
           them
           in
           the
           Bank
           the
           day
           before
           upon
           any
           Merchants
           account
           ,
           and
           what
           summes
           are
           written
           of
           by
           others
           upon
           their
           accounts
           :
           so
           that
           the
           Merchants
           may
           compare
           the
           Banks
           notes
           with
           their
           bookes
           and
           so
           save
           much
           of
           the
           charges
           of
           Booke
           keeping
           ;
           
           Now
           if
           it
           be
           objected
           that
           though
           this
           be
           an
           advantage
           to
           the
           Merchants
           ,
           yet
           what
           can
           the
           Publick
           gaine
           thereby
           ,
           seeing
           the
           Charges
           of
           paying
           Officers
           ,
           Clarks
           &c.
           must
           needs
           be
           very
           considerable
           ?
           I
           answer
           ,
           that
           indeed
           it
           is
           a
           mystery
           to
           those
           who
           understand
           not
           the
           thing
           ,
           but
           if
           it
           were
           once
           known
           and
           practised
           ,
           the
           advantage
           of
           it
           would
           appeare
           ;
           For
           among
           other
           things
           which
           might
           be
           said
           ,
           The
           Magistrates
           of
           the
           Citty
           take
           out
           of
           the
           Merchants
           Bank
           a
           Sufficent
           stock
           of
           money
           to
           supply
           the
           Lumbert
           ,
           a
           Banck
           that
           Lends
           out
           money
           ,
           and
           is
           Governed
           by
           4
           Commissioners
           chosen
           out
           of
           the
           Magistrates
           ,
           who
           sitt
           in
           Court
           every
           day
           in
           the
           Lumbert
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           large
           pile
           of
           Building
           3●0
           foot
           long
           ,
           containing
           several
           Chambers
           and
           magazines
           under
           one
           Roof
           ,
           in
           these
           several
           Chambers
           the
           Commissioners
           have
           Officers
           sitting
           to
           lend
           money
           upon
           all
           sorts
           of
           Goods
           even
           from
           a
           paires
           of
           shooes
           to
           the
           richest
           
           Jewell
           &c.
           
           This
           is
           a
           great
           convenicence
           for
           Poore
           people
           ,
           yea
           for
           Merchants
           also
           ,
           who
           some
           tymes
           may
           want
           money
           to
           pay
           a
           bill
           of
           Exchange
           ,
           and
           prevents
           the
           Cheatting
           and
           Extraordinary
           Extortion
           used
           by
           the
           Pawne
           brokers
           in
           
             England
             ,
             France
          
           and
           other
           Countryes
           .
           And
           besides
           the
           Poore
           have
           their
           Pawns
           safely
           and
           well
           preserved
           ,
           neither
           are
           they
           punctually
           sould
           when
           the
           yeare
           is
           out
           or
           denied
           under
           the
           pretext
           of
           being
           mislaid
           ,
           as
           the
           Poore
           are
           often
           tymes
           served
           by
           the
           wicked
           
             Pawn
             broakers
          
           .
           There
           is
           also
           another
           convenience
           in
           this
           Lumbert
           viz
           ,
           an
           Exellent
           way
           they
           have
           of
           discovering
           Thieves
           ,
           and
           the
           stollen
           goods
           ;
           They
           publish
           two
           generall
           open
           sales
           of
           the
           Goods
           pawnd
           twice
           a
           yeare
           ,
           that
           such
           as
           will
           ,
           may
           redeeme
           their
           goods
           and
           paying
           the
           Intrest
           may
           have
           them
           although
           the
           time
           be
           relapsed
           .
           Thus
           much
           as
           to
           the
           Lumbert
           .
           I
           was
           once
           according
           to
           my
           duty
           to
           waite
           
           upon
           our
           present
           King
           at
           the
           Bank
           of
           Merchants
           ,
           where
           shewing
           his
           Majestie
           the
           way
           of
           keeping
           the
           
             Journall
             Book
          
           of
           the
           Bank
           which
           is
           of
           a
           prodigious
           bigness
           ,
           his
           Majestie
           was
           Extreamly
           pleased
           with
           the
           Contrivance
           of
           preserveing
           it
           from
           fire
           ;
           saying
           that
           the
           course
           they
           tooke
           might
           be
           of
           great
           use
           for
           the
           preserving
           Patents
           and
           the
           deeds
           of
           Noblemens
           Estates
           ;
           This
           contrivance
           which
           perhaps
           may
           be
           thought
           usefull
           or
           imitable
           ,
           I
           shall
           therefore
           discribe
           it
           ,
           It
           is
           a
           large
           firestone
           shaped
           like
           a
           Chest
           ,
           and
           set
           upright
           in
           a
           stone
           wall
           having
           a
           large
           brass
           doore
           of
           a
           Vast
           thicknes
           with
           flops
           to
           fall
           over
           and
           Cover
           the
           Lock
           and
           Hinges
           ,
           into
           this
           chest
           the
           Booke
           is
           drawn
           upon
           Rouls
           ,
           it
           being
           of
           such
           a
           Bulk
           and
           waight
           as
           cannot
           be
           handed
           in
           by
           a
           man
           ,
           and
           there
           it
           is
           so
           securely
           preserved
           that
           although
           the
           house
           should
           be
           burnt
           ,
           the
           Booke
           in
           al
           probabilitie
           would
           be
           safe
           ;
           Should
           I
           here
           give
           an
           
           account
           of
           the
           Vast
           summes
           of
           money
           that
           dayly
           are
           written
           of
           in
           this
           Bank
           ,
           I
           might
           probably
           be
           thought
           to
           speake
           at
           Random
           ,
           but
           this
           I
           may
           bouldly
           affirme
           that
           it
           farr
           Exceeds
           all
           the
           Bankes
           in
           Europe
           ,
           both
           for
           Riches
           and
           Business
           ,
           and
           their
           Credit
           is
           such
           that
           the
           
             Italians
             ,
             French
             ,
             Germans
          
           and
           English
           have
           great
           summes
           in
           the
           same
           ,
           neither
           was
           ever
           any
           man
           refused
           his
           money
           in
           the
           worst
           of
           times
           .
        
         
           A
           second
           Tax
           is
           what
           ariseth
           from
           the
           just
           and
           laudable
           Establishment
           of
           a
           Register
           ,
           A
           Tax
           which
           I
           think
           most
           men
           will
           be
           willing
           to
           submit
           to
           ,
           Except
           such
           as
           designe
           to
           cheat
           and
           defraud
           their
           Naibours
           ,
           and
           live
           by
           such
           like
           sins
           and
           Confusion
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           most
           part
           die
           with
           the
           curse
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           This
           Register
           in
           Holland
           begitts
           such
           assurance
           and
           Safetie
           in
           dealling
           ,
           that
           in
           purchasing
           of
           houses
           or
           land
           ,
           a
           Childe
           tho
           overreached
           in
           the
           Value
           yet
           cannot
           be
           cheated
           
           as
           to
           the
           title
           :
           The
           methodes
           of
           which
           Register
           .
           I
           have
           by
           me
           for
           the
           use
           of
           our
           King
           and
           Parlement
           when
           they
           please
           to
           Command
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           third
           and
           last
           Tax
           is
           that
           of
           sealed
           paper
           as
           it
           is
           practised
           in
           Holland
           .
           The
           Method
           of
           which
           I
           likewise
           keep
           by
           me
           for
           his
           Maiestie
           and
           Parlements
           Commands
           .
           There
           are
           many
           other
           things
           might
           be
           spoken
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           Government
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           but
           I
           may
           not
           tyre
           your
           patience
           .
           However
           one
           considerable
           thing
           I
           would
           not
           passe
           by
           touching
           the
           Melitia
           ;
           There
           are
           in
           Amsterdam
           60
           Companyes
           of
           Foot
           ,
           the
           least
           of
           them
           haveing
           200
           men
           ,
           some
           300
           ,
           which
           in
           a
           modest
           account
           ,
           amounts
           ,
           at
           least
           to
           15000
           men
           ,
           in
           which
           number
           neither
           Jews
           nor
           Anabaptists
           who
           carry
           no
           Armes
           are
           reckned
           ,
           only
           they
           are
           obliged
           to
           Contribute
           to
           the
           maintenance
           of
           the
           1400
           Souldiers
           who
           are
           kept
           in
           Constant
           pay
           ,
           as
           a
           Guard
           for
           the
           Citty
           ,
           
           and
           towards
           the
           night
           watch
           or
           Ratelwatch
           ,
           who
           walke
           the
           streets
           the
           whole
           night
           to
           keepe
           good
           Orders
           ,
           and
           tell
           us
           every
           halfe
           houre
           what
           a
           Clock
           it
           is
           .
           There
           are
           also
           upon
           every
           Church
           Tower
           ,
           Trumpetters
           who
           sound
           every
           halfe
           houre
           ,
           and
           if
           any
           fire
           breakes
           out
           in
           the
           Citty
           they
           give
           a
           Signall
           on
           which
           side
           of
           the
           Citty
           the
           fire
           is
           ,
           and
           ring
           the
           Firebell
           ,
           and
           they
           have
           Exellent
           wayes
           on
           a
           suddain
           in
           such
           sad
           accidents
           to
           Quench
           Fire
           :
           but
           I
           may
           not
           inlarge
           any
           longer
           ,
           but
           hasten
           out
           of
           Holland
           .
           And
           yet
           before
           I
           leave
           Amsterdam
           I
           must
           vindicate
           her
           from
           a
           malitious
           aspersion
           cast
           upon
           her
           by
           the
           Ignorant
           ,
           they
           accuse
           her
           to
           have
           very
           rudely
           and
           uncivilly
           affrouted
           the
           Duke
           of
           York
           beeing
           there
           .
           Anno
           1681
           All
           which
           is
           very
           false
           ,
           True
           the
           
             English
             Phanaticks
          
           of
           Amsterdam
           were
           so
           malitiously
           wicked
           as
           to
           spread
           severall
           lyes
           of
           his
           Sacred
           Person
           ,
           and
           stird
           up
           the
           Canalie
           as
           much
           
           as
           they
           could
           to
           affront
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           but
           as
           for
           the
           Magistrates
           they
           payd
           him
           verie
           great
           respects
           :
           first
           sending
           me
           to
           the
           Hague
           to
           know
           what
           day
           his
           Highnes
           would
           please
           to
           honor
           their
           Citty
           with
           his
           presence
           ,
           that
           thereby
           they
           might
           be
           prepared
           to
           receive
           his
           Royall
           person
           with
           all
           the
           honor
           emaginable
           ,
           being
           resolved
           to
           Treat
           his
           Highnes
           in
           their
           Stathouse
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Burgers
           should
           be
           in
           their
           Armes
           ,
           also
           giveing
           out
           orders
           for
           Coaches
           and
           the
           
             Admiraltys
             Yagts
          
           to
           attend
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           when
           ever
           he
           pleased
           to
           come
           ,
           but
           his
           Highnes
           by
           
             Collonel
             werden
          
           let
           me
           know
           that
           I
           should
           attend
           the
           Burgemasters
           ,
           and
           thank
           them
           for
           their
           kind
           presentation
           ,
           but
           his
           Highnes
           was
           resolved
           to
           see
           theit
           
             Citty
             incognito
          
           and
           therefore
           desired
           the
           Burgemasters
           not
           to
           put
           themselves
           to
           any
           maner
           of
           Trouble
           ;
           Notwithslanding
           the
           Magistrates
           Commanded
           their
           Yatchts
           to
           lye
           ready
           the
           halfeway
           Harlem
           ,
           
           and
           Vice
           
             Admiral
             de
             Ruiter
             ,
             Dirick
             Tulp
             ,
          
           and
           others
           went
           out
           in
           their
           Coaches
           to
           meet
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           and
           conduct
           him
           into
           the
           Citty
           ,
           at
           which
           tyme
           our
           English
           Phanaticks
           Especially
           those
           called
           Monmouths
           twelve
           Apostels
           did
           all
           that
           they
           could
           to
           stir
           up
           the
           rude
           multitude
           to
           affront
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           crying
           out
           to
           them
           ,
           This
           is
           he
           that
           brought
           the
           last
           war
           upon
           you
           ,
           and
           with
           his
           Jesuits
           would
           cut
           all
           the
           Protestants
           Throats
           ;
           But
           the
           next
           day
           after
           his
           Highnes
           was
           com
           into
           the
           
             Citty
             Burgemaster
             Valkenier
          
           the
           great
           Solon
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           sent
           for
           me
           and
           tould
           me
           that
           although
           the
           Burgemasters
           which
           are
           the
           Soveraignes
           of
           the
           City
           give
           no
           Visits
           to
           strange
           Princes
           ,
           unless
           they
           
             be
             Crouned
          
           heads
           ,
           yet
           said
           he
           I
           have
           a
           great
           Ambition
           to
           pay
           a
           Visit
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           York
           ,
           upon
           severall
           respects
           ,
           first
           as
           being
           the
           brother
           of
           so
           great
           a
           King
           ,
           and
           as
           he
           is
           our
           
             Statholders
             Vnckell
          
           and
           Father
           in
           
           law
           ,
           and
           therefore
           said
           he
           you
           shall
           procure
           me
           Audience
           in
           the
           privatest
           maner
           imaginable
           :
           for
           I
           designe
           to
           goe
           with
           you
           to
           him
           without
           so
           much
           as
           a
           footman
           attending
           me
           ;
           here
           upon
           I
           waitted
           upon
           the
           Earle
           of
           Peterborow
           and
           
             Collonel
             Werden
          
           and
           
             Collonel
             Porter
          
           to
           desire
           them
           to
           aquaint
           his
           Highnes
           with
           the
           Burgemastrs
           designe
           ,
           whereupon
           his
           Highnes
           turnd
           to
           me
           ,
           and
           said
           
             Mr.
             Carr
          
           when
           the
           Burgemaster
           pleaseth
           ,
           whereupon
           I
           went
           immediately
           to
           the
           Burgemaster
           and
           attended
           him
           to
           his
           Highnes
           quarters
           ,
           the
           newes
           whereof
           comeing
           to
           the
           Cittizens
           ,
           they
           gathered
           together
           in
           great
           Multitudes
           to
           see
           whether
           this
           great
           man
           their
           
             Petty
             God
          
           did
           humble
           himself
           so
           far
           ,
           as
           to
           pay
           a
           Visit
           to
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           whereas
           the
           other
           Burgemasters
           only
           sent
           a
           Secretary
           and
           one
           of
           there
           Pensionaries
           to
           Visit
           the
           Duke
           of
           Monmouth
           ,
           and
           all
           Ambassadors
           have
           no
           other
           Complement
           but
           by
           Secretaries
           
           or
           Pensionaries
           ;
           After
           the
           Burgemaster
           had
           had
           a
           long
           houres
           Audience
           with
           the
           Duke
           in
           a
           Roome
           a
           part
           ,
           I
           attended
           the
           Burgemaster
           to
           his
           Daughter
           Pelicorns
           house
           ,
           the
           which
           was
           neare
           his
           Highnes
           Lodgings
           ,
           for
           the
           Tumult
           of
           the
           Burgers
           was
           so
           great
           ,
           that
           the
           Burgemaster
           did
           not
           care
           to
           pas
           by
           them
           ,
           and
           being
           come
           into
           his
           daughters
           Parler
           ,
           he
           began
           to
           speake
           to
           me
           after
           this
           maner
           ,
           Sir
           ,
           I
           never
           in
           all
           my
           life
           met
           with
           a
           Prince
           so
           generally
           Experienced
           in
           all
           things
           ,
           a
           Prince
           that
           hath
           far
           penetrated
           into
           the
           affaires
           of
           Europe
           ,
           and
           hath
           the
           right
           measures
           of
           the
           present
           State
           of
           our
           Country
           ,
           and
           discourses
           as
           if
           he
           sate
           in
           our
           Councell
           ,
           but
           above
           all
           I
           was
           mightly
           pleased
           to
           heare
           him
           declare
           himselfe
           so
           freely
           touching
           Liberty
           of
           Conscience
           commending
           the
           wisdome
           of
           our
           State
           in
           Opening
           their
           Gates
           to
           all
           tender
           Consciences
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           it
           ,
           said
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           
           that
           makes
           you
           so
           considerable
           and
           enticeth
           the
           Rich
           Merchants
           of
           other
           places
           to
           come
           &
           live
           amongst
           you
           ,
           whereas
           the
           folly
           of
           the
           
             Spanish
             Inquisition
          
           hunts
           away
           the
           chiefest
           of
           their
           Traders
           the
           Jewes
           and
           others
           ;
           For
           my
           part
           said
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           I
           never
           was
           for
           oppressing
           tender
           Consciences
           in
           England
           :
           for
           nothing
           more
           disturbs
           the
           peace
           and
           quiet
           thereof
           then
           forceing
           men
           by
           
             Penal
             Lawes
          
           to
           become
           all
           of
           one
           Religion
           ;
           To
           conclude
           ,
           said
           the
           Burgemaster
           do
           but
           ,
           Remark
           this
           one
           thing
           and
           remember
           it
           ,
           if
           you
           outlive
           me
           ,
           viz
           ,
           that
           if
           ever
           this
           great
           Prince
           come
           to
           be
           King
           of
           England
           he
           will
           alter
           all
           the
           Measures
           of
           Europe
           ,
           and
           possiblie
           become
           the
           Arbiter
           thereof
           :
           After
           which
           discourse
           the
           Burgemaster
           said
           let
           me
           now
           present
           you
           ,
           
             mijn
             Heer
             Consul
          
           .
           with
           a
           Glasse
           of
           
             Rhenish
             wyne
          
           to
           his
           Highnes
           health
           ,
           and
           pray
           when
           you
           have
           an
           Opportunitie
           to
           speake
           with
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           assure
           him
           that
           he
           hath
           
           in
           Amsterdam
           a
           true
           and
           faithfull
           freind
           ,
           and
           moreover
           he
           said
           ,
           when
           I
           speake
           next
           with
           our
           Statholder
           the
           
             Prince
             of
             Orange
          
           ,
           and
           our
           Pensionarie
           Fagel
           ,
           I
           will
           doe
           his
           Highnes
           Justice
           ;
           and
           thus
           wee
           parted
           :
           but
           the
           civil
           deportment
           of
           this
           Burgemaster
           was
           not
           all
           ,
           for
           other
           great
           ones
           of
           the
           Citty
           did
           their
           part
           also
           ,
           as
           
             Vice-Admiral
             de
             Ruiter
          
           ,
           with
           at
           least
           30
           Captains
           of
           the
           Admiralty
           Chamber
           of
           Amsterdam
           attended
           his
           Highnes
           to
           shew
           him
           the
           Men
           of
           warr
           and
           Magazins
           of
           the
           Admiralty
           :
           likewise
           Sir
           
             Dirick
             Tulp
          
           and
           the
           Heer
           
             Peter
             van
             Dam
          
           and
           others
           the
           Bewinthebbers
           of
           the
           
             East-India
             Company
          
           attended
           his
           Highnes
           to
           the
           
             East-Indie
             House
          
           ,
           where
           was
           spread
           a
           Banquet
           of
           Sweetmeats
           ,
           and
           rich
           Wines
           ,
           and
           they
           offered
           his
           Highnes
           a
           present
           ,
           but
           his
           highnes
           would
           not
           accept
           of
           any
           ,
           only
           two
           large
           Bookes
           in
           which
           were
           Painted
           all
           the
           
             Beasts
             ,
             Fishes
          
           ,
           and
           Foules
           ,
           and
           likewise
           
           all
           the
           
             Plants
             ,
             Flowers
          
           ,
           and
           Fruites
           of
           the
           East-Indies
           ,
           and
           because
           his
           Highnes
           had
           tasted
           the
           Mum
           in
           the
           
             East-Indie
             Magazine
          
           ,
           and
           liked
           it
           ,
           the
           Company
           caused
           twelve
           Caskes
           ,
           to
           be
           neatly
           hoopt
           ,
           and
           gave
           me
           them
           to
           be
           sent
           after
           his
           Highnes
           to
           Brussels
           ;
           And
           I
           know
           it
           was
           the
           resolution
           of
           the
           Bewinthebbers
           to
           have
           spared
           no
           cost
           if
           his
           Highnes
           would
           have
           accepted
           of
           a
           Treat
           in
           their
           house
           ,
           by
           all
           which
           you
           see
           that
           the
           Magistrates
           and
           chiefe
           men
           in
           Amsterdam
           were
           not
           guilty
           of
           Rudenes
           to
           his
           Highnes
           ,
           but
           it
           was
           the
           Canalie
           .
           And
           now
           haveing
           said
           so
           much
           good
           of
           the
           States
           Government
           ,
           and
           of
           Amsterdam
           in
           particular
           ,
           it
           will
           not
           be
           amisse
           to
           take
           notice
           of
           some
           Bad
           customes
           and
           practises
           now
           in
           vogue
           in
           Holland
           ,
           and
           leave
           it
           to
           the
           reader
           to
           Judge
           what
           they
           may
           portend
           ;
           There
           are
           tollerated
           in
           the
           Citty
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           amongst
           other
           abuses
           ,
           at
           least
           50
           Musick
           houses
           ,
           where
           
           lewd
           Persons
           of
           both
           sexs
           meet
           and
           practise
           their
           villanies
           .
           There
           is
           also
           a
           place
           called
           the
           Longseller
           a
           Tollerated
           Exchange
           or
           publick
           meeting
           house
           for
           whores
           and
           Rogues
           to
           Rendevous
           in
           ,
           and
           make
           their
           filthy
           Bargains
           :
           This
           Exchange
           is
           open
           from
           six
           a
           clock
           afterdinner
           untill
           nine
           at
           night
           ;
           Every
           whore
           must
           pay
           three
           stivers
           at
           the
           dore
           for
           her
           entrance
           or
           admission
           ;
           I
           confess
           the
           Ministers
           preach
           and
           exclaim
           from
           the
           pulpit
           against
           this
           horrible
           abuse
           ,
           but
           who
           they
           be
           that
           Protect
           them
           I
           know
           not
           ,
           yet
           I
           have
           heard
           some
           plead
           for
           the
           tolleration
           of
           these
           wicked
           meetings
           upon
           pretext
           ,
           that
           when
           the
           East-India
           fleets
           come
           home
           ,
           the
           Seamen
           are
           so
           mad
           for
           women
           ,
           that
           if
           they
           had
           not
           such
           houses
           to
           bait
           in
           ,
           they
           would
           force
           the
           verie
           Cittyzens
           wives
           and
           Daughters
           :
           but
           it
           is
           well
           known
           that
           as
           money
           does
           countenance
           ,
           so
           Discipline
           might
           suppress
           that
           abuse
           .
           The
           ould
           severe
           
           and
           frugall
           way
           of
           Liveing
           is
           now
           allmost
           quite
           out
           of
           Date
           in
           Holland
           ,
           there
           is
           very
           littell
           to
           be
           seene
           of
           that
           sober
           modestie
           in
           Apparell
           ,
           Diet
           ,
           and
           habitations
           as
           formerly
           :
           In
           stead
           of
           Convenient
           Dwellings
           the
           Hollanders
           now
           build
           Stately
           palaces
           ,
           have
           their
           delightfull
           Gardens
           ,
           and
           houses
           of
           pleasure
           ,
           keep
           Coaches
           ,
           waggons
           and
           sleas
           ,
           have
           very
           rich
           furniture
           for
           their
           horses
           with
           Trappings
           adorned
           with
           silver
           Bells
           ,
           I
           have
           seen
           the
           Vanitie
           of
           a
           Vintners
           sonne
           ,
           who
           had
           the
           bosses
           of
           the
           bit
           and
           Trapping
           of
           his
           horse
           of
           pure
           silver
           ,
           his
           footman
           and
           Coachman
           having
           silver
           fringd
           Gloves
           ;
           yea
           so
           much
           is
           the
           humour
           of
           the
           women
           altered
           and
           of
           their
           Children
           also
           that
           no
           Apparel
           can
           now
           serve
           them
           but
           the
           best
           and
           richest
           ,
           that
           France
           and
           other
           Countryes
           affoards
           ,
           and
           their
           sonns
           are
           so
           much
           adicted
           to
           play
           ,
           that
           many
           families
           in
           Amsterdam
           are
           ruined
           by
           it
           not
           that
           England
           is
           lesse
           Extravagant
           
           then
           the
           Duch
           ,
           who
           as
           I
           said
           before
           got
           such
           great
           Estates
           by
           their
           frugalitie
           ,
           whilest
           they
           were
           not
           addicted
           to
           such
           prodigalitie
           and
           wantoneste
           as
           the
           English
           are
           ,
           whose
           excesse
           I
           can
           not
           excuse
           ,
           neverthelesse
           the
           grave
           and
           sober
           people
           of
           Holland
           are
           very
           sensible
           of
           the
           great
           alteration
           that
           now
           is
           in
           their
           Country
           ,
           and
           as
           they
           say
           Paracelsus
           used
           to
           cure
           his
           patients
           of
           their
           disease
           with
           a
           full
           belly
           ,
           so
           a
           good
           Burgemaster
           desirous
           to
           convince
           his
           Amsterdammers
           of
           their
           dissolute
           kind
           of
           life
           ,
           invited
           the
           Thirty
           six
           Magistrates
           and
           their
           wives
           to
           a
           feast
           :
           who
           being
           come
           and
           the
           Ladyes
           big
           with
           Expectation
           of
           some
           rare
           and
           Extraordinary
           Entertainment
           ,
           sat
           down
           at
           table
           ;
           where
           the
           first
           course
           was
           Buttermilk
           boild
           with
           Appells
           ,
           Stockfish
           ,
           Buttered
           Turnips
           and
           Carrots
           ,
           lettice
           Salade
           and
           red
           Herrings
           ,
           &
           only
           smale
           beare
           without
           any
           Wyne
           ;
           At
           this
           the
           Ladies
           startled
           and
           began
           to
           whisper
           
           to
           their
           husbands
           ,
           that
           they
           Expected
           no
           such
           Entertainement
           ,
           but
           upon
           removeing
           of
           the
           Dishes
           and
           plates
           they
           found
           underneath
           printed
           verses
           Importing
           that
           after
           that
           manner
           of
           liveing
           they
           began
           to
           thrive
           ,
           &
           had
           inlarged
           their
           Citty
           .
        
         
           The
           second
           course
           consisted
           of
           Bocke
           de
           kooks
           ,
           quarters
           of
           Lamb
           ,
           rosted
           Rabits
           and
           a
           sort
           of
           pudding
           they
           cal
           a
           Brother
           here
           they
           had
           Dorts
           and
           English
           beare
           with
           French
           wyne
           yet
           all
           this
           did
           not
           please
           the
           dainty
           Dames
           :
           but
           upon
           removing
           away
           the
           plates
           another
           Dish
           of
           poetrie
           appeared
           ,
           which
           acquainted
           them
           that
           after
           that
           modest
           and
           sober
           way
           of
           Liveing
           ,
           they
           might
           keep
           what
           they
           had
           gott
           ,
           and
           lay
           up
           some
           thing
           for
           their
           Children
           .
        
         
           Then
           comes
           in
           the
           third
           course
           made
           up
           of
           all
           the
           rarities
           of
           the
           season
           ,
           as
           Patridges
           ,
           Pheseants
           and
           all
           sorts
           of
           foule
           and
           English
           pasties
           ,
           with
           plenty
           of
           Rinish
           and
           other
           sorts
           of
           wyne
           ,
           to
           moisten
           them
           ,
           
           this
           put
           the
           ladyes
           in
           a
           frolick
           and
           Jolly
           humour
           ,
           but
           under
           their
           plates
           was
           found
           the
           use
           and
           Application
           in
           verses
           ,
           telling
           them
           that
           to
           feed
           after
           that
           manner
           was
           Voluptuous
           and
           Luxurious
           ,
           and
           would
           Impaire
           their
           health
           and
           wast
           their
           Estates
           ,
           make
           them
           neglect
           their
           Trade
           ,
           and
           so
           in
           Tyme
           reduce
           their
           Stately
           and
           new
           built
           flourishing
           Citty
           to
           their
           ould
           fishing
           towne
           againe
           .
           After
           this
           was
           brought
           in
           a
           Banquet
           of
           all
           sorts
           of
           sweet
           meats
           piled
           up
           in
           piramides
           and
           delicate
           fruite
           with
           plenty
           of
           delitious
           wynes
           ,
           and
           to
           conclude
           all
           a
           set
           of
           Musick
           and
           maskers
           who
           danced
           with
           the
           young
           Ladyes
           ;
           but
           at
           parting
           like
           the
           hand
           writing
           to
           Belteshazzar
           upon
           the
           wall
           ,
           every
           one
           had
           a
           printed
           paper
           of
           moralities
           put
           into
           their
           hand
           shewing
           them
           the
           causes
           of
           the
           ruine
           of
           the
           Roman
           Commonwealth
           ,
           according
           to
           that
           of
           the
           Poët
           .
        
         
         
           
             
               Nullum
               crimen
               abest
               ,
               facinusque
               libidinis
               exquo
               ,
            
             
               Paupertas
               Romana
               perit
               .
            
          
           with
           an
           Exellent
           aduice
           to
           them
           that
           if
           they
           did
           not
           quit
           the
           Buffoneries
           and
           apish
           modes
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           returne
           to
           the
           Simplicitie
           ,
           plaineness
           and
           modestie
           of
           their
           Ancestors
           and
           founders
           ,
           their
           Common-wealth
           could
           not
           long
           last
           ;
           but
           all
           the
           thanks
           the
           good
           ould
           Burgemaster
           had
           for
           his
           kind
           and
           Chargable
           Entertainement
           in
           thus
           feasting
           his
           Countrymen
           ,
           was
           to
           be
           floutted
           at
           ,
           and
           pasquild
           ,
           The
           sparkes
           of
           Amsterdam
           saying
           in
           all
           places
           ,
           that
           the
           ould
           man
           being
           now
           past
           the
           yeares
           of
           pleasure
           himselfe
           ,
           would
           have
           none
           others
           to
           take
           theirs
           ;
           And
           here
           I
           shall
           put
           a
           period
           to
           what
           I
           thought
           fitt
           to
           observe
           of
           the
           States
           of
           the
           
             Vnited
             Provinces
          
           only
           I
           will
           beg
           leave
           ,
           to
           say
           something
           to
           the
           Hollander
           by
           way
           of
           advise
           viz
           ,
           That
           now
           they
           are
           in
           a
           
           prosperous
           condition
           ,
           Rich
           and
           at
           ease
           ,
           They
           would
           looke
           back
           and
           remember
           what
           God
           in
           his
           Infinite
           goodnes
           &
           mercy
           did
           for
           them
           in
           the
           dayes
           of
           their
           greatest
           calamities
           ;
           for
           my
           owne
           part
           I
           cannot
           but
           admire
           the
           great
           providence
           of
           God
           in
           preserveing
           them
           from
           being
           devoured
           by
           their
           many
           Enimies
           they
           had
           in
           the
           last
           warr
           ,
           besides
           their
           enimies
           at
           home
           ,
           some
           of
           which
           particulars
           as
           they
           then
           happened
           ,
           give
           me
           leave
           to
           relate
           .
           At
           the
           tyme
           when
           the
           French
           came
           to
           Inuade
           the
           Territoryes
           of
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           ,
           it
           then
           looked
           as
           if
           God
           had
           markd
           out
           the
           way
           for
           the
           French
           to
           March
           ,
           by
           sending
           such
           a
           wonderfull
           drye
           season
           that
           the
           Rivers
           of
           the
           
             Rhine
             ,
             Beta
             ,
             Wall
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Rivers
           were
           fordable
           ,
           so
           that
           the
           French
           only
           waded
           throw
           ,
           and
           became
           so
           Victtorious
           ,
           that
           in
           a
           little
           space
           of
           tyme
           (
           what
           by
           the
           Treasons
           of
           some
           ,
           and
           the
           Ignorance
           ,
           and
           cowardise
           of
           others
           Intrusted
           
           with
           the
           Militia
           ,
           and
           Garrisons
           )
           the
           French
           became
           Masters
           of
           above
           40
           Cittyes
           and
           Garrisons
           ,
           at
           which
           tyme
           there
           was
           nothing
           to
           be
           heard
           of
           in
           the
           States
           Dominions
           but
           confusion
           and
           miserie
           ,
           even
           in
           the
           strong
           and
           rich
           Citty
           of
           Amsterdam
           it self
           ,
           who
           at
           this
           tyme
           beheld
           the
           French
           Armie
           like
           a
           mighty
           Torrent
           comeing
           within
           sight
           of
           the
           Citty
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           same
           tyme
           wanting
           water
           in
           their
           Canalls
           ,
           and
           Burgwalls
           to
           ply
           their
           Sluces
           ,
           and
           such
           was
           the
           scarcity
           of
           Raine
           that
           a
           payle
           of
           fresh
           water
           was
           worth
           6
           pence
           ;
           Thus
           heaven
           seemed
           to
           frowne
           on
           them
           as
           well
           as
           the
           French
           Armie
           ,
           by
           the
           shutting
           up
           as
           it
           were
           the
           Conduits
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           yet
           a
           worse
           thing
           had
           like
           to
           have
           fallen
           out
           ,
           for
           at
           the
           same
           tyme
           the
           Divisions
           grew
           so
           high
           amongst
           the
           Magistrates
           in
           the
           Stathouse
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           putting
           to
           the
           Question
           wheather
           or
           no
           they
           should
           not
           goe
           and
           meet
           the
           French
           King
           with
           
           the
           Keyes
           of
           their
           Citty
           ,
           to
           save
           it
           from
           fire
           ,
           and
           Plunder
           ,
           now
           nothing
           in
           all
           probabilitie
           could
           save
           this
           rich
           Citty
           from
           falling
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           but
           an
           immediate
           hand
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           it
           had
           undoubtedly
           come
           to
           passe
           ,
           had
           not
           providence
           caused
           the
           French
           to
           make
           a
           stand
           at
           Muyden
           ,
           two
           howers
           from
           Amsterdam
           ,
           at
           what
           time
           the
           Valiant
           Roman
           of
           Amsterdam
           Scout
           Hasselaer
           like
           a
           true
           father
           of
           his
           Country
           opposed
           the
           French
           party
           in
           the
           Councell
           ,
           calling
           out
           to
           the
           Burgers
           from
           the
           Stathouse
           to
           take
           Courage
           and
           rather
           choose
           to
           dye
           like
           old
           Battavians
           with
           their
           swords
           in
           their
           hands
           ,
           then
           tamely
           and
           Treacherously
           to
           yeald
           up
           their
           Citty
           to
           the
           mercy
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           as
           some
           of
           the
           Magestrates
           were
           about
           to
           doe
           ,
           this
           so
           Incouraged
           the
           Burgers
           that
           with
           great
           Courage
           they
           mand
           '
           the
           walls
           ,
           and
           heaven
           then
           assisting
           them
           with
           a
           suden
           and
           plenty
           
           full
           raine
           ,
           that
           they
           plyd
           their
           sluces
           ,
           and
           drouned
           the
           Lands
           round
           the
           Citty
           3
           and
           4
           foot
           high
           ,
           in
           some
           places
           ,
           which
           caused
           the
           Victorious
           French
           Armie
           to
           make
           a
           quick
           retreat
           ,
           as
           farr
           as
           Utrick
           ,
           else
           the
           Monsieur
           had
           payd
           deare
           for
           seeing
           of
           Amsterdam
           ;
           Thus
           was
           Amsterdam
           delivered
           by
           the
           hand
           of
           Heaven
           .
        
         
           A
           second
           was
           ,
           when
           that
           Bloody
           Duke
           of
           Luxenburg
           ,
           who
           gloryed
           and
           thanked
           God
           that
           he
           was
           borne
           without
           pitty
           or
           remors
           of
           Conscience
           ,
           took
           the
           opportunitye
           of
           an
           exceeding
           hard
           frost
           to
           march
           his
           Armie
           over
           the
           Ice
           as
           it
           had
           been
           drye
           ground
           ,
           burning
           in
           his
           way
           the
           three
           faire
           Villages
           of
           
             Bodygrave
             ,
             Swammerdam
          
           and
           Goudse-sluys
           .
           Acting
           there
           a
           move
           cruell
           Tradigie
           and
           worse
           then
           ever
           did
           Turk
           ,
           for
           they
           Generally
           fave
           the
           Country
           people
           for
           Ransom
           ,
           but
           this
           cruell
           Prince
           caused
           strong
           Guards
           to
           surround
           the
           villages
           ,
           and
           burnd
           men
           ,
           
           Women
           and
           Children
           together
           ,
           Thus
           he
           began
           his
           march
           with
           a
           designe
           to
           burne
           
             Leyden
             ,
             Hague
             ,
             Rotterdam
             ,
             Delph
          
           and
           all
           the
           rich
           Country
           of
           Rhineland
           :
           and
           this
           he
           might
           have
           done
           in
           all
           probabilitie
           ,
           for
           first
           the
           Governor
           of
           Newsluce
           who
           commanded
           the
           post
           that
           should
           have
           stopt
           the
           French
           ,
           Treacherously
           delivered
           up
           the
           fort
           without
           firing
           a
           Gunn
           ,
           and
           the
           handfull
           of
           Troopes
           then
           under
           General
           Koningsmark
           were
           so
           Inconsiderable
           that
           they
           joyned
           to
           the
           Souldiers
           under
           Pain
           and
           Vin
           the
           Governer
           of
           new
           Sluce
           were
           not
           Able
           to
           make
           head
           as
           could
           oppose
           Luxenburgs
           Armie
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           same
           tyme
           the
           good
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           was
           with
           the
           States
           Armie
           at
           Charle
           le
           Roy.
           Now
           was
           Leyden
           ready
           to
           meet
           the
           French
           with
           the
           Keyes
           of
           their
           Citty
           ,
           and
           other
           Cittyes
           too
           ,
           for
           they
           had
           neither
           fortifications
           nor
           Souldiers
           to
           man
           their
           walls
           ;
           Thus
           the
           whole
           Country
           and
           Cittyes
           of
           Rhineland
           
           were
           like
           to
           fall
           under
           the
           Crneltyes
           and
           Tyranny
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           but
           God
           a
           second
           tyme
           sent
           these
           people
           reliefe
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           first
           by
           giveing
           such
           undanted
           Courage
           to
           that
           great
           States
           man
           
             Pensionarie
             Fagel
          
           that
           he
           forced
           Koningsmark
           to
           Rally
           his
           Troopes
           together
           and
           to
           make
           a
           Stand
           neare
           Leyden
           ,
           offering
           himselfe
           to
           dye
           at
           the
           head
           of
           them
           if
           there
           were
           occasion
           ,
           but
           God
           reserved
           him
           for
           a
           furder
           good
           to
           the
           Commonwealth
           by
           sending
           such
           a
           sudden
           Thaw
           as
           was
           never
           seen
           before
           ,
           for
           in
           less
           then
           ten
           howers
           the
           Ice
           so
           sunk
           and
           such
           Floods
           of
           snow
           came
           downe
           from
           the
           high
           lands
           that
           the
           French
           were
           fain
           to
           make
           a
           very
           disorderly
           retreat
           ,
           Marching
           up
           to
           the
           middel
           for
           hast
           ,
           because
           on
           the
           Banks
           there
           could
           not
           march
           above
           four
           men
           a
           brest
           ,
           so
           they
           were
           constrained
           to
           leave
           behind
           them
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           Plunder
           they
           had
           robed
           from
           the
           Innocent
           
           Country
           people
           ,
           and
           the
           nimble
           Duch
           men
           on
           their
           Scatses
           so
           long
           as
           the
           Ice
           would
           beare
           them
           ,
           did
           shoot
           downe
           the
           French
           like
           Ducks
           diving
           under
           water
           ,
           so
           that
           it
           cost
           Luxenburgs
           Armie
           deare
           ,
           tho
           they
           had
           the
           pleasure
           to
           burne
           the
           poore
           people
           ,
           of
           which
           the
           French
           afterward
           wickedly
           made
           their
           boast
           .
        
         
           The
           third
           was
           as
           wonderfull
           as
           the
           two
           others
           ,
           and
           although
           I
           doe
           not
           believe
           miracles
           ,
           as
           doe
           the
           Papists
           ,
           yet
           I
           say
           nothing
           I
           ever
           observed
           looked
           more
           like
           a
           Miracle
           then
           this
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           when
           the
           English
           and
           French
           Fleet
           lay
           before
           Scheveling
           with
           a
           designe
           to
           land
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           ready
           on
           their
           March
           to
           joyne
           with
           the
           English
           and
           other
           French
           as
           soon
           as
           they
           should
           land
           ,
           at
           the
           same
           tyme
           the
           Bisshop
           of
           Munster
           lyeing
           before
           Groeningen
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           before
           Gorcom
           ,
           so
           that
           now
           all
           things
           looked
           with
           a
           dreadfull
           face
           for
           the
           States
           ,
           yet
           at
           this
           
           very
           tyme
           God
           sent
           a
           3
           d
           reliefe
           by
           sending
           such
           Mists
           ,
           and
           wonderfull
           sorts
           of
           Tydes
           ,
           as
           so
           separated
           the
           two
           Fleets
           ,
           that
           the
           English
           were
           forced
           to
           quit
           Scheveling
           shore
           ,
           and
           were
           driven
           on
           the
           side
           of
           the
           Texel
           Roade
           ;
           from
           whence
           they
           were
           constrained
           by
           the
           season
           of
           the
           yeare
           to
           retire
           home
           ,
           and
           such
           were
           the
           sudden
           &
           great
           showers
           of
           raine
           that
           the
           Bisshop
           of
           Munster
           was
           forced
           in
           disorder
           to
           raise
           his
           siege
           at
           Groeningen
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           to
           quit
           Gorcom
           ;
           I
           could
           ad
           many
           more
           observations
           of
           the
           Providences
           of
           God
           to
           these
           people
           ,
           as
           the
           preserveing
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           from
           the
           many
           treacherous
           designes
           contrived
           against
           him
           from
           his
           Cradel
           ,
           but
           Moses
           must
           be
           preserved
           ,
           to
           goe
           in
           and
           out
           before
           his
           people
           ,
           certainely
           never
           young
           Prince
           Indured
           so
           many
           fatigues
           as
           did
           his
           Highnes
           in
           his
           tender
           yeares
           ,
           of
           which
           I
           was
           an
           eye
           witnes
           ,
           and
           had
           his
           Highnes
           had
           the
           yeares
           and
           Experience
           ,
           and
           
           such
           a
           good
           disciplinde
           Armie
           (
           as
           now
           he
           hath
           )
           in
           the
           yeare
           1671
           when
           the
           French
           Entered
           the
           Country
           ,
           his
           Highnes
           had
           given
           them
           as
           good
           a
           welcome
           as
           he
           did
           at
           Bergen
           .
           I
           will
           say
           no
           more
           of
           this
           subject
           only
           this
           ,
           that
           the
           peace
           at
           Nimwegen
           was
           also
           a
           very
           wonderful
           thing
           ,
           for
           that
           not
           above
           8
           dayes
           before
           the
           peace
           was
           signed
           ,
           most
           of
           the
           Plenipotentiaries
           did
           believe
           the
           war
           would
           have
           continued
           another
           yeare
           ;
           first
           because
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           and
           Duke
           of
           Brandenburg
           prospered
           Exceedingly
           against
           Sweedland
           ,
           and
           totally
           refused
           the
           propositions
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           secondly
           because
           the
           French
           King
           writ
           such
           Bitter
           letters
           against
           the
           
             States
             Generall
          
           :
           yet
           8
           dayes
           after
           drest
           a
           letter
           unto
           the
           States
           in
           which
           he
           calles
           them
           his
           good
           friends
           ,
           and
           old
           Allyes
           ,
           offering
           them
           not
           only
           Mastricht
           but
           every
           foot
           of
           ground
           they
           could
           lay
           claime
           to
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           also
           giveing
           them
           
           new
           Termes
           ,
           and
           Conditions
           as
           to
           their
           priviledges
           in
           France
           ,
           by
           way
           of
           Trade
           ;
           Neither
           can
           I
           forget
           how
           speedilie
           and
           as
           strangly
           the
           mighty
           French
           King
           did
           quit
           his
           Conquered
           Townes
           after
           the
           Valiant
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           took
           Naerden
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           first
           step
           to
           the
           Frenchs
           ruine
           in
           the
           States
           Dominions
           .
           I
           come
           now
           ,
           according
           to
           promess
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           this
           book
           ,
           to
           give
           the
           reader
           some
           Remarkes
           I
           made
           in
           other
           Countries
           where
           I
           have
           been
           during
           my
           sixteen
           years
           travels
           .
           To
           give
           a
           full
           account
           of
           all
           that
           might
           be
           observed
           in
           so
           many
           Countries
           ,
           is
           not
           a
           taske
           for
           one
           man
           ,
           nor
           a
           subject
           for
           so
           small
           a
           book
           ;
           I
           shall
           onely
           therefore
           briefely
           take
           notice
           of
           some
           remarkable
           matters
           which
           may
           in
           some
           measure
           satisfie
           the
           curiositie
           of
           my
           Country
           men
           who
           have
           not
           been
           in
           the
           said
           places
           ,
           and
           convince
           ,
           if
           possible
           ,
           all
           of
           them
           ,
           that
           no
           Countrey
           that
           ever
           I
           was
           in
           ,
           afords
           so
           great
           conveniencies
           
           for
           the
           generalitie
           of
           people
           to
           live
           in
           ,
           as
           the
           Kingdome
           of
           England
           doth
           .
           Though
           I
           have
           twice
           made
           the
           
             grand
             tour
          
           of
           
             Germany
             ,
             Hungary
             ,
             Italy
          
           and
           France
           ,
           and
           after
           my
           return
           back
           to
           England
           travelled
           a
           third
           time
           through
           Holland
           as
           for
           as
           Strasbourg
           ,
           and
           so
           back
           by
           Francfort
           to
           Denmark
           and
           Sweden
           ;
           yet
           the
           reader
           is
           not
           to
           expect
           I
           should
           follow
           a
           Geographicall
           method
           and
           order
           in
           speaking
           of
           the
           places
           I
           have
           been
           in
           ;
           that
           is
           to
           be
           lookt
           for
           in
           the
           map
           ,
           and
           not
           in
           travels
           ;
           but
           onely
           that
           I
           mention
           places
           as
           I
           found
           them
           on
           my
           rode
           according
           as
           busines
           or
           curiositie
           led
           mee
           to
           travel
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           considerable
           place
           I
           then
           met
           with
           ,
           after
           I
           was
           out
           of
           the
           dominions
           of
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           was
           Cleave
           the
           capital
           citie
           of
           the
           Province
           so
           called
           ,
           a
           fair
           and
           lovely
           citie
           standing
           upon
           the
           Rhine
           and
           the
           rivers
           Wall
           and
           Leck
           .
           This
           Province
           much
           resembles
           England
           
           
           
           
           
           in
           rich
           soyl
           and
           pleasantness
           of
           its
           rivers
           .
           The
           inhabitants
           of
           the
           Countrey
           would
           have
           mee
           beleeve
           that
           they
           were
           originally
           descended
           of
           those
           Saxons
           who
           made
           a
           descent
           in
           to
           England
           ,
           and
           conquered
           it
           ;
           and
           to
           convince
           the
           truth
           of
           this
           ,
           they
           shew'd
           mee
           a
           cloyster
           standing
           on
           a
           hill
           ,
           called
           Eltham
           ,
           from
           which
           they
           say
           our
           Eltham
           in
           Kent
           had
           its
           name
           .
           I
           was
           made
           to
           observe
           also
           two
           places
           standing
           upon
           the
           Rhine
           neare
           Emmerick
           called
           Doadford
           ,
           and
           Gronewich
           ,
           which
           according
           to
           them
           ,
           gave
           the
           names
           to
           Deaford
           and
           Greenwich
           in
           England
           ;
           but
           many
           such
           analogies
           and
           similitudes
           of
           names
           are
           to
           be
           found
           in
           other
           places
           of
           Germany
           ,
           but
           especially
           in
           uper
           Saxony
           and
           Denmark
           .
           The
           greatest
           part
           of
           this
           Province
           of
           Cleave
           ,
           and
           part
           of
           the
           duchy's
           of
           Julieres
           and
           Berg
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Provinces
           of
           Marke
           and
           Ravensbourg
           belongs
           to
           the
           Elector
           of
           Brandenbourg
           ,
           the
           rest
           belonging
           
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Newbourg
           now
           Elector
           Palatine
           ,
           and
           the
           Elector
           of
           Cologne
           .
           The
           inhabitants
           are
           partly
           Roman
           Catholicks
           ,
           partly
           Lutherans
           ,
           and
           partly
           Calvinists
           ,
           who
           all
           live
           promiscuously
           and
           peaceably
           together
           both
           in
           city
           and
           Countrey
           .
           The
           citie
           of
           Cleave
           is
           the
           out
           most
           limit
           of
           the
           territories
           of
           the
           Elector
           of
           Brandenbourg
           on
           this
           side
           of
           Germany
           ;
           from
           whence
           his
           Electorall
           Highness
           can
           travel
           two
           hundred
           dutch
           miles
           out
           right
           in
           his
           own
           Dominions
           ,
           and
           never
           sleep
           out
           of
           his
           own
           Countrey
           but
           one
           night
           in
           the
           territories
           of
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Osnabrug
           .
        
         
           From
           Cleave
           I
           went
           to
           a
           small
           town
           called
           Rhinberg
           ,
           but
           a
           very
           strong
           fortification
           belonging
           to
           the
           Elector
           of
           Cologne
           ;
           which
           lies
           at
           two
           miles
           distance
           from
           the
           citie
           of
           Wesel
           that
           belongs
           to
           the
           Elector
           of
           Brandenbourg
           .
           Through
           Disseldorpe
           scituated
           on
           the
           Rhine
           ,
           and
           the
           Residence
           of
           the
           duke
           of
           
           Newbourg
           ,
           I
           went
           next
           to
           Cologne
           a
           very
           large
           city
           ,
           called
           by
           the
           Romans
           
             Colonia
             Agrippina
          
           ,
           and
           the
           French
           
             Rome
             d'
             Allemagne
          
           .
        
         
           Cologne
           is
           an
           Imperial
           citie
           and
           a
           Republick
           ,
           though
           for
           some
           things
           it
           does
           Homage
           to
           the
           Elector
           of
           that
           name
           ,
           and
           receives
           an
           oath
           from
           him
           .
           It
           is
           much
           decayed
           within
           these
           hundred
           years
           ,
           having
           been
           much
           priest
           ridden
           ,
           a
           misfortune
           that
           hath
           undone
           many
           other
           great
           cities
           .
           The
           Jesuits
           have
           had
           so
           great
           influence
           upon
           the
           Magistrats
           ,
           that
           they
           prevailed
           with
           them
           to
           banish
           all
           Protestants
           ,
           who
           removed
           to
           Hambourg
           and
           Amsterdam
           ,
           so
           that
           Cologne
           is
           become
           so
           dispeopled
           ,
           that
           the
           houses
           dayly
           fall
           to
           ruine
           for
           want
           of
           inhabitants
           ,
           and
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           corn
           and
           wine
           now
           grows
           within
           the
           walls
           ,
           upon
           ground
           where
           houses
           formerly
           stood
           .
           I
           dare
           be
           bold
           to
           affirm
           that
           there
           is
           twice
           the
           number
           of
           inhabitants
           in
           the
           
           parish
           of
           St.
           Martins
           in
           the
           fields
           ,
           then
           there
           is
           in
           Cologne
           ;
           and
           yet
           it
           contains
           as
           many
           parish
           churches
           ,
           monasteries
           and
           chappels
           ,
           as
           there
           are
           days
           in
           the
           year
           .
           The
           streets
           are
           very
           large
           ,
           and
           so
           are
           the
           houses
           also
           ,
           in
           many
           of
           which
           one
           may
           drive
           a
           Coach
           or
           waggon
           into
           the
           first
           room
           from
           the
           streets
           ;
           but
           the
           streets
           are
           so
           thin
           of
           people
           ,
           that
           one
           may
           pass
           some
           of
           them
           and
           not
           meet
           ten
           men
           or
           women
           ,
           unless
           it
           be
           Church
           men
           or
           Religious
           sisters
           .
           The
           most
           considerable
           inhabitants
           of
           the
           citie
           are
           Protestant
           Merchants
           ,
           tho
           but
           few
           in
           number
           ,
           and
           they
           not
           allowed
           a
           Church
           neither
           ,
           but
           a
           place
           called
           Woullin
           a
           mile
           without
           the
           citie
           :
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           inhabitants
           who
           are
           lay
           men
           are
           miserably
           poor
           .
           There
           are
           no
           less
           than
           3000
           Stud●nts
           in
           Cologne
           taught
           by
           the
           〈◊〉
           gratis
           ,
           who
           have
           the
           priviledge
           to
           beg
           in
           musicall
           notes
           in
           the
           day
           time
           ,
           and
           take
           to
           them selves
           the
           liberty
           of
           borrowing
           
           hats
           and
           cloaks
           in
           the
           night
           :
           but
           if
           in
           the
           Jesuits
           Schools
           there
           be
           any
           rich
           Burgemasters
           sons
           who
           have
           parts
           ,
           they
           are
           sure
           to
           be
           snapt
           up
           and
           adopted
           into
           the
           societie
           .
           Formerly
           ,
           before
           the
           matter
           was
           otherwise
           adjusted
           in
           the
           diet
           of
           Ratisbonne
           ,
           there
           have
           been
           designs
           of
           voteing
           Protestant
           Magistrats
           into
           the
           government
           again
           ;
           but
           so
           soon
           as
           the
           Jesuits
           come
           to
           discover
           who
           of
           the
           Magistrats
           were
           for
           that
           ,
           they
           immediately
           preferred
           their
           sons
           or
           daughters
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           chanons
           ,
           abbots
           or
           chanonesses
           ,
           and
           so
           diverted
           them
           by
           interest
           .
           It
           's
           pity
           to
           see
           a
           city
           so
           famous
           for
           traffike
           in
           former
           times
           now
           brought
           to
           so
           great
           a
           decay
           ,
           that
           were
           it
           not
           for
           the
           trade
           of
           Rhenish
           wine
           it
           would
           be
           utterly
           forsaken
           ,
           and
           left
           wholy
           to
           the
           Church
           men
           .
           The
           continuall
           alarms
           the
           Magistrats
           have
           had
           by
           forreign
           designs
           upon
           their
           liberty
           ,
           and
           the
           jealousies
           fomented
           among
           themselfs
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           
           thought
           ,
           by
           the
           Agents
           and
           favourers
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           especially
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Strasbourg
           ,
           have
           for
           severall
           yeares
           kept
           them
           in
           continuall
           disquiet
           ,
           and
           necessitated
           them
           to
           raise
           great
           taxes
           which
           hath
           not
           a
           litle
           contributed
           to
           the
           impoverishing
           of
           the
           people
           especially
           the
           boars
           round
           about
           ;
           who
           tho
           the
           Countrey
           they
           live
           in
           be
           one
           of
           the
           most
           pleasant
           and
           fertile
           plains
           of
           Germany
           ,
           yet
           are
           so
           wretchedly
           poor
           that
           canvas
           cloaths
           ,
           wooden
           shoes
           ,
           and
           straw
           to
           sleep
           on
           in
           the
           fame
           room
           with
           their
           beasts
           ,
           is
           the
           greatest
           worldly
           happiness
           that
           most
           of
           them
           can
           attain
           unto
           .
           The
           Elector
           of
           Cologne
           is
           a
           venerable
           old
           man
           ,
           Bishop
           of
           four
           great
           bishopricks
           ,
           viz
           
             Cologne
             ,
             Liege
          
           ,
           Munster
           ,
           and
           Heldershime
           .
           He
           divides
           his
           time
           betwixt
           his
           devotion
           and
           experimental
           studies
           ,
           being
           punctuall
           in
           saying
           of
           mass
           every
           morning
           ,
           and
           constant
           in
           his
           Elaboratory
           in
           the
           afternoon
           ;
           for
           he
           is
           much
           addicted
           
           to
           chymistry
           ,
           and
           leaves
           the
           administration
           of
           Government
           to
           his
           Cozen
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Strasbourg
           .
           To
           speak
           of
           all
           the
           miracles
           of
           the
           three
           Kings
           of
           Cologne
           ,
           and
           the
           vast
           number
           of
           saints
           who
           were
           removed
           out
           of
           England
           and
           interred
           there
           ,
           would
           be
           but
           tedious
           and
           perhaps
           incredible
           to
           the
           reader
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           wide
           of
           my
           designe
           .
           I
           shall
           therefore
           proceed
           .
        
         
           From
           Cologne
           I
           took
           water
           on
           the
           Rhine
           and
           advanced
           to
           the
           citie
           of
           Bon
           and
           so
           forward
           to
           Coblints
           the
           residence
           of
           the
           Elector
           of
           Trier
           .
           over
           against
           this
           city
           ,
           on
           the
           other
           side
           of
           the
           Rhine
           stands
           that
           impregnable
           fort
           called
           Herminshine
           ,
           built
           on
           a
           high
           rocky
           hill
           as
           high
           again
           as
           Windsorcastle
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           north
           side
           of
           it
           the
           River
           Mosel
           falls
           into
           the
           Rhine
           ,
           over
           which
           there
           is
           a
           Stately
           stone
           bridge
           .
           This
           Prince
           governs
           his
           subjects
           as
           the
           other
           Spirituall
           Electors
           doe
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           both
           by
           temporall
           and
           spirituall
           
           authority
           ,
           which
           in
           that
           Country
           is
           pretty
           absolute
           .
           The
           chiefe
           trade
           of
           this
           Countrey
           is
           in
           wine
           ,
           corn
           ,
           wood
           and
           Iron
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           Countrey
           I
           came
           to
           was
           that
           of
           the
           Elector
           of
           Mayence
           who
           is
           likewise
           both
           a
           secular
           and
           Ecclesiasticall
           Prince
           and
           governs
           his
           subjects
           accordingly
           .
           He
           is
           reckoned
           to
           be
           wholely
           for
           the
           Interests
           of
           the
           French
           King
           ;
           who
           notwithstanding
           of
           that
           ,
           pretends
           a
           title
           to
           the
           citadel
           of
           Mayence
           .
           As
           I
           was
           upon
           my
           Journey
           to
           Mayence
           by
           land
           ,
           I
           made
           a
           turn
           down
           the
           Rhin
           to
           visit
           the
           famous
           litle
           city
           of
           Backrack
           ,
           and
           some
           towns
           belonging
           to
           the
           Landgrave
           of
           Hessen
           ,
           but
           especially
           Backrack
           ,
           because
           Travellers
           say
           it
           much
           resembles
           Jerusalem
           in
           its
           scituation
           and
           manner
           of
           buildings
           .
           The
           Burgemaster
           of
           this
           city
           told
           mee
           that
           the
           whole
           Country
           about
           Backrack
           does
           not
           yield
           above
           200
           fouders
           of
           wine
           a
           year
           ;
           And
           yet
           
           the
           Merchants
           of
           Dort
           by
           an
           art
           of
           multiplication
           which
           they
           have
           used
           some
           years
           ,
           furnish
           England
           with
           severall
           thousande
           of
           fouders
           .
           Here
           I
           shall
           take
           the
           liberty
           to
           relate
           a
           strange
           story
           which
           I
           found
           recorded
           in
           this
           Countrey
           ;
           tho
           I
           know
           it
           to
           be
           mentioned
           in
           History
           .
           There
           was
           a
           certain
           cruel
           and
           inhumane
           Bisshop
           of
           Mayence
           ,
           who
           in
           a
           year
           of
           great
           scarcity
           and
           famine
           when
           a
           great
           number
           of
           Poor
           people
           came
           to
           his
           gates
           begging
           for
           bread
           ,
           caused
           the
           Poor
           wretches
           ,
           men
           ,
           women
           and
           children
           to
           be
           put
           into
           a
           barn
           ,
           under
           pretext
           of
           relieving
           their
           necessities
           ;
           but
           so
           soon
           as
           they
           were
           got
           in
           ,
           caused
           the
           barn
           doors
           to
           be
           shut
           ,
           fire
           set
           to
           it
           ,
           and
           so
           burnt
           them
           all
           alive
           :
           And
           whil'st
           the
           poor
           wretches
           cried
           and
           shreeked
           out
           for
           horrour
           and
           pain
           ,
           the
           Barbarous
           miscreant
           said
           to
           those
           that
           were
           about
           him
           ,
           harke
           how
           the
           Rats
           and
           mice
           doe
           crie
           .
           But
           the
           just
           Judgement
           of
           God
           suffered
           
           not
           the
           fact
           to
           pass
           unpunished
           ;
           for
           not
           long
           after
           the
           cruel
           Bishop
           was
           so
           haunted
           with
           Rats
           and
           mice
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           guards
           he
           kept
           about
           him
           ,
           could
           not
           secure
           him
           from
           them
           ,
           neither
           at
           table
           nor
           in
           bed
           ,
           At
           length
           he
           resolved
           to
           flee
           for
           safetie
           into
           a
           tower
           that
           stood
           in
           the
           midle
           of
           the
           Rhine
           ;
           but
           the
           Rats
           pursued
           him
           ,
           got
           into
           his
           chamber
           and
           devoured
           him
           alive
           ;
           so
           that
           the
           Justice
           of
           the
           Almighty
           made
           him
           a
           prey
           to
           vermine
           who
           had
           inhumanely
           reckoned
           his
           fellow
           Christians
           to
           be
           such
           .
           The
           tower
           which
           I
           saw
           ,
           to
           this
           day
           is
           called
           the
           Rats-tower
           ,
           and
           the
           story
           is
           upon
           record
           in
           the
           city
           of
           Mayence
           .
        
         
           On
           my
           Journey
           from
           thence
           I
           came
           to
           the
           litle
           village
           of
           Hockom
           not
           far
           distant
           ,
           famous
           for
           our
           Hockomore
           wine
           ,
           of
           which
           though
           the
           place
           does
           not
           produce
           above
           150
           fouders
           a
           year
           ;
           yet
           the
           Ingenions
           Hollanders
           of
           Dort
           make
           some
           thousand
           fouders
           of
           it
           goe
           
           of
           ,
           in
           England
           and
           the
           Indies
           .
        
         
           From
           Hockom
           I
           proceeded
           to
           Francfort
           a
           pleasant
           city
           upon
           the
           river
           of
           Maine
           ,
           called
           formerley
           Teutoburgum
           and
           Helenopolis
           and
           since
           Francfort
           ,
           becaus
           here
           the
           Franconians
           who
           came
           out
           of
           the
           Province
           of
           Franconia
           foarded
           over
           ,
           wfien
           they
           went
           upon
           their
           expedition
           into
           Gallia
           ,
           which
           they
           conquered
           and
           named
           it
           France
           :
           and
           I
           thought
           it
           might
           very
           well
           deserve
           the
           name
           of
           Petty-London
           ,
           because
           of
           its
           Priviledges
           ,
           and
           the
           humour
           of
           the
           citizens
           .
           It
           is
           a
           Hansiatick
           and
           Imperiall
           town
           and
           Common-wealth
           ,
           the
           Magistrats
           being
           Lutherans
           which
           is
           the
           publick
           established
           Religion
           ;
           though
           the
           Cathedrall
           church
           belongs
           to
           the
           Roman
           Catholicks
           who
           also
           have
           severall
           monasteries
           there
           .
           The
           citie
           is
           populous
           and
           frequented
           by
           all
           sorts
           of
           Merchants
           ,
           from
           most
           parts
           of
           Europe
           ,
           &
           part
           of
           Asia
           also
           ,
           becaus
           of
           the
           two
           great
           faires
           that
           are
           yearely
           
           kept
           there
           ,
           Many
           Jews
           live
           in
           this
           city
           ,
           and
           the
           richest
           Merchants
           are
           Calvinists
           ,
           who
           are
           not
           suffered
           to
           have
           a
           Church
           in
           the
           town
           ,
           but
           half
           an
           houres
           journey
           out
           of
           it
           ,
           at
           a
           place
           called
           Bucknam
           ,
           where
           I
           have
           told
           seventy
           four
           Coaches
           at
           a
           time
           all
           belonging
           to
           Merchants
           of
           the
           city
           .
           It
           was
           in
           ancient
           times
           much
           enriched
           by
           
             Charle
             le
             maigne
          
           and
           hath
           been
           since
           by
           the
           constitution
           of
           the
           
             Golden
             bull
          
           :
           amongst
           other
           honours
           &
           Priviledges
           its
           appointed
           to
           be
           the
           place
           of
           the
           Emperours
           Election
           ,
           where
           many
           of
           the
           ornaments
           belonging
           to
           that
           August
           ceremonie
           are
           to
           be
           seen
           .
           It
           is
           strongly
           fortified
           having
           a
           stately
           stone
           bridge
           over
           the
           Maine
           that
           joynes
           it
           to
           Saxe-housen
           the
           quarter
           of
           the
           great
           master
           of
           the
           Toutonick
           order
           .
           The
           government
           is
           easy
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           they
           not
           being
           taxed
           as
           other
           cities
           are
           ,
           and
           had
           it
           not
           been
           for
           the
           Alarmes
           the
           French
           gave
           them
           during
           the
           last
           war
           ,
           they
           had
           not
           been
           
           much
           troubled
           ,
           but
           being
           forced
           to
           keep
           three
           or
           four
           thousand
           men
           in
           constant
           pay
           to
           defend
           their
           fortifications
           ,
           the
           Magistrats
           were
           constrained
           to
           raise
           money
           by
           a
           tax
           .
           Besides
           that
           of
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           they
           are
           under
           the
           protection
           of
           some
           neighbouring
           Princes
           ,
           as
           of
           the
           Landgrave
           of
           Hessen
           -
           Cassells
           ,
           Landgrave
           of
           Armestadt
           ,
           the
           Count
           of
           Solmes
           and
           the
           count
           of
           Hanau
           ,
           who
           are
           either
           Lutherans
           or
           Calvinists
           ,
           amongst
           whom
           the
           Late
           Elector
           Palatine
           was
           also
           one
           ;
           but
           whether
           the
           present
           who
           is
           Roman
           Catholick
           be
           so
           or
           not
           ,
           I
           cannot
           tel
           .
           This
           city
           takes
           great
           care
           of
           their
           poor
           ,
           and
           in
           their
           charitie
           to
           poor
           travellers
           exceed
           Holland
           .
           I
           have
           seen
           a
           list
           of
           seaven
           thousand
           whom
           they
           relieved
           in
           one
           year
           .
           Their
           great
           hospitall
           is
           a
           large
           court
           or
           palace
           ,
           where
           the
           English
           Merchants
           formerly
           lived
           ,
           in
           the
           time
           of
           Queen
           mary's
           persecution
           of
           the
           Protestants
           ,
           who
           when
           they
           were
           recalled
           by
           
           Queen
           Elisabeth
           were
           so
           generous
           as
           to
           give
           the
           whole
           court
           ,
           with
           all
           their
           Packhouses
           and
           lands
           to
           the
           poor
           of
           the
           city
           .
           It
           was
           my
           fortune
           to
           be
           there
           in
           that
           cold
           Winter
           in
           the
           year
           1683.
           and
           saw
           a
           ceremonie
           performed
           by
           the
           Wine
           coopers
           of
           the
           citie
           ,
           who
           are
           obliged
           by
           law
           ,
           that
           when
           ever
           the
           Maine
           lyes
           fast
           frozen
           over
           for
           eight
           days
           together
           ,
           to
           make
           a
           great
           Fouder
           fat
           ,
           Hoops
           and
           Staves
           ,
           and
           set
           it
           up
           compleat
           upon
           the
           Ice
           .
           It
           was
           very
           good
           diversion
           to
           see
           so
           many
           hands
           at
           worke
           ,
           and
           to
           observe
           the
           jollity
           and
           mirth
           of
           the
           many
           thousands
           of
           spectators
           who
           wanted
           not
           plenty
           of
           Rhenish
           wine
           to
           carouse
           in
           .
        
         
           I
           had
           the
           curiositie
           afterward
           to
           goe
           to
           the
           court
           of
           the
           Landgrave
           of
           Armestadt
           a
           Lutheran
           Prince
           who
           lives
           in
           part
           of
           the
           richest
           soyle
           in
           Germany
           .
           His
           Highness
           is
           a
           very
           courteous
           and
           obligeing
           Prince
           to
           Strangers
           ,
           and
           his
           subjects
           are
           in
           a
           pretty
           good
           condition
           again
           ,
           
           though
           they
           have
           been
           great
           sufferers
           by
           the
           last
           war
           between
           the
           Landgrave
           of
           Hessen
           and
           this
           familie
           .
        
         
           From
           thence
           I
           went
           to
           Heidleberg
           a
           city
           I
           had
           been
           formerly
           in
           ,
           in
           the
           life
           time
           of
           that
           wise
           tho
           unfortunate
           Prince
           Elector
           elder
           brother
           to
           Prince
           Rupert
           .
           Here
           I
           had
           the
           Honour
           to
           pay
           my
           dutifull
           respects
           to
           the
           Elector
           the
           son
           of
           that
           great
           Prince
           ,
           whose
           commissary
           I
           had
           the
           honour
           to
           be
           for
           two
           years
           together
           in
           Amsterdam
           .
           This
           Prince
           ,
           since
           my
           being
           there
           ,
           is
           lately
           dead
           ,
           and
           left
           behind
           him
           the
           reputation
           of
           having
           been
           a
           Zealous
           thorough
           paced
           Calvinist
           ,
           and
           so
           constant
           a
           frequenter
           of
           the
           church
           ,
           that
           some
           Sundays
           he
           went
           thrice
           a
           day
           to
           Sermon
           ;
           but
           never
           failed
           ,
           if
           in
           health
           ,
           to
           be
           once
           a
           day
           at
           least
           at
           the
           garrison-church
           ;
           where
           he
           took
           particular
           notice
           of
           such
           officers
           as
           were
           absent
           .
           He
           was
           married
           to
           a
           most
           virtuous
           lady
           the
           Royall
           sister
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           
           and
           his
           brother
           Prince
           George
           .
           During
           his
           life
           time
           the
           university
           of
           Heidleberg
           flourished
           exceedingly
           ,
           so
           that
           the
           number
           of
           students
           was
           so
           great
           that
           Chambers
           and
           lodgings
           in
           the
           citie
           were
           scarce
           ,
           and
           Spanhemius
           was
           about
           quitting
           Leyden
           to
           return
           to
           his
           professors
           place
           in
           Heidleberg
           ,
           but
           how
           matters
           stand
           since
           his
           death
           ,
           I
           am
           as
           yet
           ignorant
           .
           This
           Countrey
           is
           called
           the
           paradise
           of
           Germany
           for
           its
           fruitfulness
           in
           wine
           ,
           corn
           ,
           and
           all
           sorts
           of
           fruit
           .
           I
           my self
           have
           seen
           growing
           in
           one
           plain
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           vines
           ,
           corn
           ,
           chestnuts
           ,
           almonds
           ,
           dates
           ,
           figs
           ,
           cherries
           ,
           besides
           severall
           other
           sorts
           of
           fruit
           .
           And
           as
           the
           Countrey
           is
           fertile
           in
           yeelding
           the
           fruits
           of
           the
           Earth
           ,
           so
           the
           people
           are
           carefull
           in
           providing
           store
           room
           for
           them
           .
           This
           I
           take
           notice
           of
           because
           of
           the
           prodigious
           Rhenish
           wine
           fats
           which
           are
           to
           be
           seen
           there
           ,
           amongst
           which
           there
           are
           seaven
           ,
           the
           least
           whereof
           holds
           the
           quantitie
           of
           250
           barells
           
           of
           Beere
           as
           I
           calculated
           ;
           but
           the
           large
           and
           most
           celebrated
           fat
           is
           that
           which
           goes
           by
           the
           name
           of
           the
           great
           Tun
           of
           Heidleberg
           ,
           and
           holds
           204
           fouders
           of
           wine
           ,
           and
           cost
           705
           L.
           Sterling
           in
           buildiug
           ,
           for
           which
           one
           may
           have
           a
           very
           good
           house
           built
           .
           This
           fat
           I
           have
           seen
           twice
           ,
           and
           the
           first
           time
           was
           ,
           when
           the
           Elector
           treated
           the
           French
           Ambassadours
           that
           came
           to
           conclude
           the
           match
           betwixt
           his
           daughter
           and
           Monsieur
           the
           French
           Kings
           brother
           ,
           who
           married
           her
           after
           the
           death
           of
           our
           Kings
           sister
           his
           first
           wife
           :
           at
           which
           treat
           there
           happened
           an
           adventure
           that
           I
           shall
           here
           please
           the
           Reader
           with
           .
           In
           a
           gallery
           that
           is
           over
           this
           fat
           the
           Elector
           caused
           a
           table
           to
           be
           placed
           in
           the
           midle
           ,
           exactly
           above
           the
           bunghole
           of
           this
           Monstrous
           vessell
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           covered
           with
           a
           costly
           banquet
           of
           all
           sorts
           of
           sweet
           meats
           :
           The
           day
           before
           ,
           all
           the
           wine
           being
           emptied
           out
           of
           this
           Tun
           into
           other
           Fat
           's
           ,
           a
           litle
           before
           the
           Ambassadours
           
           with
           other
           forrein
           Ministers
           and
           Persons
           of
           qualitie
           mounted
           the
           stairs
           to
           come
           to
           the
           place
           of
           entertainment
           ;
           The
           Elector
           caused
           twelve
           drummers
           with
           as
           many
           Trumpeters
           ,
           some
           Kettledrums
           and
           other
           musick
           to
           be
           lodged
           in
           the
           belly
           of
           the
           Tun
           ,
           with
           orders
           to
           strike
           up
           upon
           a
           signall
           given
           ,
           when
           the
           Elector
           drank
           the
           French
           Kings
           health
           .
           All
           being
           sate
           down
           at
           table
           and
           merrily
           feeding
           ,
           the
           Elector
           drank
           the
           health
           ,
           and
           the
           signall
           was
           given
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           musick
           began
           to
           play
           its
           part
           with
           such
           a
           roaring
           and
           uncouth
           noise
           out
           of
           that
           vast
           cavitie
           below
           ,
           that
           the
           French
           and
           other
           Persons
           of
           qualitie
           who
           were
           unacquainted
           with
           the
           designe
           ,
           looking
           upon
           it
           to
           be
           an
           infernall
           and
           ominous
           sound
           ,
           in
           great
           astonishment
           began
           to
           cry
           out
           
             Jesus
             Marie
             .
             The
             worlds
             at
             an
             end
             ,
          
           and
           to
           shift
           every
           one
           for
           himself
           in
           so
           great
           disorder
           and
           confusion
           ,
           that
           for
           haste
           to
           be
           gone
           they
           tumbled
           down
           staires
           one
           over
           
           another
           .
           All
           that
           the
           Elector
           could
           say
           to
           compose
           them
           ,
           was
           either
           not
           heard
           or
           not
           valued
           ,
           nor
           could
           any
           thing
           satisfie
           and
           reassure
           them
           ,
           till
           they
           saw
           the
           Actors
           com
           marching
           out
           of
           their
           den
           .
           Had
           not
           many
           Persons
           of
           qualitie
           and
           travellers
           seen
           this
           Fat
           as
           wel
           as
           my self
           who
           know
           that
           what
           I
           say
           of
           its
           incredible
           bigness
           to
           be
           true
           ,
           I
           should
           be
           afraid
           the
           Reader
           might
           think
           I
           imposed
           upon
           his
           credulitie
           .
        
         
           From
           Heidleberg
           I
           went
           to
           see
           that
           impregnable
           Fort
           or
           citadell
           of
           
             Manheim
             alias
             Fredericks-berg
          
           built
           by
           the
           Elector
           Frederick
           brother
           to
           Prince
           Rupert
           ,
           a
           Prince
           of
           as
           good
           a
           head
           as
           any
           Germany
           affoarded
           ,
           who
           though
           some
           have
           too
           partially
           Judged
           of
           him
           by
           his
           misfortunes
           ,
           yet
           by
           the
           wisest
           of
           the
           age
           was
           acconnted
           the
           Cato
           of
           Germany
           .
           The
           wisest
           and
           best-men
           of
           the
           world
           have
           been
           unfortunate
           ,
           which
           makes
           some
           to
           be
           of
           the
           opinion
           that
           God
           in
           his
           wisdom
           
           thinks
           fit
           it
           should
           be
           so
           ,
           least
           otherwise
           they
           might
           attribute
           their
           prosperitie
           rather
           to
           the
           wise
           direction
           of
           their
           own
           conduct
           ,
           then
           his
           all
           seeing
           Providence
           :
           and
           indeed
           ,
           dayly
           experience
           seemes
           to
           evince
           the
           truth
           of
           this
           ,
           since
           wee
           see
           knaves
           and
           fools
           advanced
           to
           preferment
           and
           richess
           ,
           when
           men
           of
           virtue
           and
           parts
           die
           neglected
           and
           poor
           in
           the
           eyes
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           though
           rich
           in
           the
           enioyment
           of
           a
           contented
           mind
           .
           But
           this
           is
           a
           digression
           which
           the
           honour
           I
           have
           for
           the
           memory
           of
           that
           great
           man
           hath
           led
           mee
           into
           ,
           and
           therefore
           I
           hope
           will
           be
           pardoned
           by
           the
           Reader
           .
           In
           the
           citadel
           of
           Manheim
           I
           saw
           some
           of
           the
           Records
           of
           that
           illustrious
           familie
           ,
           which
           without
           dispute
           is
           the
           most
           ancient
           of
           all
           the
           Secular
           Electors
           ,
           being
           elder
           to
           that
           of
           Bavaria
           which
           sprung
           from
           one
           and
           the
           same
           stock
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           two
           Emperours
           of
           Germany
           .
           Many
           writers
           derive
           them
           originally
           from
           
             Charle
             le
             maigne
          
           ,
           by
           
           the
           line
           of
           Pepin
           King
           of
           France
           .
           There
           have
           been
           severall
           Emperours
           of
           that
           race
           ,
           one
           King
           of
           Denmark
           and
           four
           Kings
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           one
           of
           which
           was
           King
           of
           Norway
           also
           ,
           besides
           many
           great
           Generals
           of
           Armies
           in
           
             Germany
             ,
             Hungary
             ,
             France
          
           and
           other
           Countries
           .
           Since
           I
           can
           remember
           there
           vere
           five
           Protestant
           Princes
           heires
           to
           that
           Electorall
           dignity
           alive
           ;
           which
           now
           by
           their
           death
           is
           fallen
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Newbourg
           a
           Roman
           Catholick
           ,
           whose
           Daughter
           is
           Empress
           of
           Germany
           and
           another
           of
           his
           Daughters
           maryed
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Portugall
           .
           Being
           so
           neare
           Strasbourg
           ,
           I
           had
           the
           curiositie
           to
           goe
           see
           what
           figure
           that
           famous
           citie
           now
           made
           since
           it
           had
           changed
           its
           master
           ;
           for
           I
           had
           been
           thrice
           there
           before
           ,
           when
           it
           flourished
           under
           the
           Emperours
           protection
           ,
           with
           the
           liberty
           of
           a
           Hausiatick
           town
           :
           And
           Indeed
           I
           found
           it
           so
           disfigured
           ,
           that
           had
           it
           not
           been
           for
           the
           stately
           Cathedrall
           Church
           ,
           and
           fair
           streets
           and
           
           buildings
           ,
           I
           could
           scarcely
           have
           know'n
           it
           .
           In
           the
           streets
           and
           Exchange
           which
           formerly
           were
           thronged
           with
           sober
           rich
           and
           peaceable
           Merchants
           ,
           you
           meet
           with
           none
           hardly
           now
           but
           men
           in
           buff
           Coats
           and
           scarffs
           with
           rabbles
           of
           Soldiers
           their
           attendants
           .
           The
           churches
           I
           confess
           are
           gayer
           ,
           but
           not
           so
           much
           frequented
           by
           the
           inhabitants
           as
           heretofore
           ,
           seing
           the
           Lutherans
           are
           thrust
           into
           the
           meanest
           churches
           and
           most
           of
           the
           chiefe
           Merchants
           both
           Lutherans
           and
           Calvinists
           removed
           to
           Holland
           and
           Hambourg
           .
           Within
           a
           few
           years
           ,
           I
           beleeve
           it
           will
           be
           just
           such
           another
           city
           for
           trade
           and
           Richess
           as
           Brisac
           is
           .
           It
           was
           formerly
           a
           rich
           city
           and
           well
           stockt
           with
           Merchants
           and
           wealthy
           inhabitants
           ,
           who
           lived
           under
           a
           gentle
           and
           easy
           government
           ;
           but
           now
           the
           Magistrats
           have
           litle
           else
           to
           doe
           in
           the
           government
           ,
           but
           onely
           to
           take
           their
           rules
           and
           measures
           from
           a
           citadell
           and
           great
           guns
           ,
           
           which
           are
           Edicts
           that
           Merchants
           least
           understand
           .
           I
           confess
           Strasbourg
           is
           the
           less
           to
           be
           pityed
           that
           it
           so
           tamely
           became
           a
           slave
           ,
           and
           put
           on
           its
           chains
           without
           any
           strugling
           .
           Those
           Magistrats
           who
           were
           instruments
           in
           it
           ,
           are
           now
           sensible
           of
           their
           own
           folly
           ,
           and
           bite
           their
           nails
           for
           anger
           ,
           finding
           themselves
           no
           better
           but
           rather
           worse
           hated
           than
           the
           other
           Magistrats
           ,
           who
           did
           what
           they
           could
           to
           hinder
           the
           reception
           of
           their
           new
           masters
           the
           French.
           I
           quickly
           grew
           weary
           of
           being
           here
           ,
           meeting
           with
           nothing
           but
           complaints
           of
           poverty
           ,
           and
           paying
           exorbitant
           taxes
           ;
           I
           therefore
           soon
           returned
           to
           my
           
             Petty
             -
             London
             Francfort
          
           ,
           and
           from
           thence
           went
           to
           Cassells
           ,
           the
           chiefe
           residence
           of
           the
           Landgrave
           of
           Hessen
           .
           This
           Prince
           is
           a
           Calvinist
           ,
           as
           most
           of
           his
           subjects
           are
           ,
           very
           grave
           and
           Zealous
           in
           his
           religion
           :
           He
           married
           a
           Princess
           of
           Courland
           ,
           by
           whom
           he
           hath
           an
           hopefull
           issue
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           three
           sons
           
           and
           two
           Daughters
           .
           The
           late
           King
           was
           God
           father
           to
           one
           of
           his
           sons
           ,
           who
           was
           Christened
           by
           the
           name
           of
           Charles
           .
           Captain
           
             William
             Legg
          
           Brother
           to
           the
           Lord
           Dartmouth
           representing
           his
           Majestie
           as
           his
           Envoy
           .
           The
           court
           of
           this
           Prince
           does
           indeed
           resemble
           a
           well
           governed
           colledge
           ,
           or
           Religious
           Cloyster
           ,
           in
           regard
           of
           its
           modestie
           and
           regularitie
           in
           all
           things
           ,
           and
           especially
           in
           the
           houres
           of
           devotion
           .
           He
           is
           rich
           in
           money
           ,
           and
           entertains
           about
           nine
           thousand
           men
           in
           constant
           pay
           ,
           under
           the
           command
           of
           
             Count
             van
             derlipp
          
           ,
           a
           brave
           and
           expert
           Soldier
           his
           Lieutenant
           Generall
           ;
           but
           can
           bring
           many
           more
           upon
           occasion
           into
           field
           .
           This
           familie
           hath
           been
           very
           happy
           both
           in
           its
           progenie
           and
           alliances
           ,
           many
           wise
           Princes
           of
           both
           sexes
           having
           sprung
           from
           it
           ;
           and
           the
           mother
           of
           this
           present
           Landgrave
           may
           be
           reckoned
           amongst
           the
           illustrious
           women
           of
           the
           present
           and
           past
           ages
           .
           After
           the
           death
           of
           William
           
           the
           5.
           
           Landgrave
           of
           Hessen
           her
           husband
           ,
           she
           not
           only
           supported
           but
           advanced
           the
           war
           wherein
           he
           was
           engaged
           ,
           did
           many
           signall
           actions
           ,
           Enlarged
           her
           territories
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           conclusion
           of
           the
           peace
           kept
           under
           her
           pay
           56
           Cornets
           of
           horse
           in
           five
           Regiments
           ,
           166
           Companies
           of
           foot
           ,
           besides
           thirteen
           Companies
           of
           Dragons
           ,
           and
           14
           independent
           Companies
           ,
           in
           all
           249
           Companies
           of
           horse
           and
           foot
           ;
           she
           was
           a
           Princess
           extreamly
           obliging
           to
           strangers
           :
           especially
           virtuous
           and
           learned
           divines
           .
           I
           had
           the
           honour
           a
           good
           many
           yeares
           agoe
           to
           kisse
           her
           highnesses
           hand
           ;
           at
           which
           time
           she
           was
           mighty
           Zealous
           in
           promoting
           an
           accommodation
           amongst
           different
           Religions
           ,
           as
           the
           Roman
           Catholick
           ,
           Lutheran
           and
           Calvinist
           ,
           but
           especially
           betwixt
           the
           two
           latter
           ,
           and
           therefore
           entertained
           
             Doctor
             Duris
          
           at
           her
           court
           in
           Cassels
           who
           wrote
           severall
           pieces
           upon
           that
           subject
           of
           reconciliation
           ,
           and
           with
           
           lome
           of
           his
           friends
           had
           a
           conference
           with
           a
           learned
           priest
           that
           came
           from
           Rome
           to
           forward
           the
           project
           ;
           whereupon
           the
           Doctor
           published
           his
           book
           of
           the
           
             Harmoney
             of
             Consent
          
           ,
           which
           is
           highly
           esteemed
           in
           Germany
           .
        
         
           From
           this
           Princes
           court
           I
           directed
           my
           journey
           to
           Hanover
           ,
           taking
           Lambspring
           in
           my
           way
           ,
           a
           place
           where
           there
           is
           a
           convent
           of
           English
           Monks
           ;
           and
           there
           I
           met
           with
           a
           very
           aged
           worthy
           and
           harmeless
           Gentleman
           St.
           
             Thomas
             Gascoigue
          
           ,
           a
           Person
           of
           more
           integrity
           and
           pietie
           then
           to
           be
           guilty
           ,
           so
           much
           as
           in
           thought
           ,
           of
           what
           miscreants
           falsly
           swore
           against
           him
           in
           the
           licentions
           time
           of
           plotting
           ;
           the
           Lord
           Abbot
           and
           severall
           of
           the
           Monks
           I
           had
           seen
           there
           formerly
           .
           This
           monastery
           is
           very
           obliging
           to
           all
           strangers
           that
           travell
           that
           way
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           to
           theire
           own
           Countreymen
           ,
           and
           is
           highly
           respected
           by
           the
           neighbouring
           Princes
           of
           all
           persuasions
           ,
           as
           the
           Princes
           
           of
           the
           house
           of
           Lunenburg
           ,
           the
           Landgrave
           of
           Hessen
           ,
           and
           Elector
           of
           Cologne
           ,
           who
           as
           Bishop
           of
           Hildersheim
           is
           their
           ordinary
           .
           The
           town
           of
           Lambspring
           is
           Lutheran
           though
           under
           the
           government
           of
           the
           Lord
           Abbot
           and
           his
           chapter
           ,
           who
           constantly
           choose
           Lutheran
           Magistrats
           and
           Officers
           for
           the
           civill
           administration
           ,
           and
           live
           together
           in
           that
           love
           and
           unitie
           ,
           that
           as
           yet
           there
           hath
           never
           the
           least
           debate
           happened
           amongst
           them
           ;
           and
           indeed
           this
           harmoney
           is
           now
           to
           be
           observed
           in
           most
           parts
           of
           Germany
           where
           different
           Religions
           are
           professed
           .
           When
           I
           considered
           so
           many
           goodly
           faces
           both
           of
           Monks
           and
           students
           in
           that
           Abbey
           ,
           I
           could
           not
           forbeare
           to
           make
           a
           serious
           reflexion
           on
           the
           number
           of
           the
           English
           whom
           I
           had
           seen
           in
           the
           colledges
           and
           Cloysters
           abroad
           ,
           as
           at
           
             Rome
             ,
             Rattesbonne
             ,
             Wirtzburg
          
           in
           Lorraine
           ,
           at
           
             Liege
             ,
             Louvain
             ,
             Brussels
             ,
             Dunkerk
             ,
             Ghent
             ,
             Paris
             ,
          
           and
           other
           places
           ,
           
           besides
           the
           severall
           Nunneries
           ,
           and
           withall
           on
           the
           loss
           that
           both
           King
           and
           Kingdome
           suffered
           thereby
           ,
           when
           so
           many
           of
           our
           natives
           both
           men
           and
           women
           should
           be
           constrained
           to
           spend
           their
           own
           Estats
           and
           the
           benevolence
           of
           others
           in
           a
           strange
           Land
           ,
           which
           amounts
           to
           more
           money
           than
           at
           first
           one
           may
           imagine
           ;
           and
           this
           thought
           ,
           I
           confess
           ,
           made
           me
           wish
           it
           were
           otherwise
           .
           I
           would
           not
           have
           the
           Reader
           to
           mistake
           mee
           here
           ,
           as
           if
           I
           espoused
           ,
           or
           pleaded
           for
           any
           particular
           party
           ;
           No
           ,
           I
           plead
           onely
           for
           the
           sentiments
           of
           humanity
           ,
           without
           which
           our
           nature
           degenerates
           into
           that
           of
           brutes
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           love
           that
           every
           honest
           man
           ought
           to
           have
           for
           his
           Countrey
           .
           I
           am
           asmuch
           a
           friend
           to
           the
           Spanish
           Inquisition
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           persecuting
           of
           tender
           Conscienced
           protestants
           ,
           provided
           there
           be
           no
           more
           but
           Conscience
           in
           the
           case
           ;
           and
           I
           could
           heartily
           with
           that
           Papists
           and
           Protestants
           could
           live
           as
           lovingly
           together
           
           in
           England
           as
           they
           doe
           in
           
             Holland
             ,
             Germany
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Countries
           ;
           for
           give
           mee
           leave
           to
           say
           it
           ,
           I
           love
           not
           that
           Religion
           which
           in
           stead
           of
           exalting
           ,
           destroys
           the
           Principles
           of
           morality
           and
           humane
           societie
           .
           I
           have
           met
           with
           honest
           men
           of
           all
           persuasions
           ,
           even
           Turks
           and
           Jews
           ,
           who
           in
           their
           lives
           and
           manners
           have
           far
           exceeded
           many
           of
           our
           Enthusiastick
           professors
           at
           home
           ;
           and
           when
           ever
           this
           happened
           ,
           I
           could
           not
           forbeare
           to
           love
           the
           men
           without
           embraceing
           there
           Religion
           ,
           for
           which
           they
           themselves
           are
           to
           account
           to
           their
           great
           master
           and
           Judge
           .
        
         
           In
           my
           progress
           towards
           Hanover
           I
           touched
           at
           Hildersheim
           a
           city
           whose
           Magistrates
           are
           Lutheran
           ,
           though
           Roman
           Catholicks
           have
           the
           Cathedrall
           Church
           ,
           and
           severall
           monasteries
           there
           .
           The
           court
           of
           Hanover
           makes
           another
           kind
           of
           figure
           than
           that
           of
           Cassels
           ,
           it
           being
           the
           court
           of
           a
           greater
           Prince
           ,
           who
           is
           
           Bishop
           of
           Osnaburg
           ,
           duke
           of
           
             Brunswick
             Lunenburg
             ,
             Hanover
          
           &c.
           
           Here
           I
           had
           the
           honour
           to
           kiss
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           Princess
           Royall
           Sophia
           youngest
           sister
           to
           the
           late
           Prince
           Rupert
           .
           Her
           highness
           has
           the
           character
           of
           the
           
             Merry
             debonnaire
             Princess
          
           of
           Germany
           ,
           a
           lady
           of
           extraordinary
           virtue
           and
           accomplishments
           ,
           and
           mistriss
           of
           the
           Italian
           ,
           French
           ,
           High
           and
           low
           dutch
           and
           English
           languages
           ,
           which
           she
           speaks
           to
           perfection
           .
           Her
           husband
           has
           the
           title
           of
           the
           Gentlemen
           of
           Germany
           ,
           a
           gracefull
           and
           comely
           Prince
           both
           a
           foot
           and
           on
           horseback
           ,
           civill
           to
           strangers
           beyond
           compare
           ,
           infinitely
           Kind
           and
           beneficent
           to
           people
           in
           distress
           ,
           and
           known
           in
           the
           world
           for
           a
           valiant
           and
           experienced
           Soldier
           .
           I
           had
           the
           honour
           to
           see
           his
           troops
           which
           without
           controversie
           are
           as
           good
           men
           ,
           and
           commanded
           by
           as
           expert
           Officers
           as
           any
           are
           in
           Europe
           :
           Amongst
           his
           Officers
           I
           found
           brave
           
             Steel-hand
             Gordon
          
           Collonel
           of
           an
           
           Excellent
           Regiment
           of
           horse
           ,
           
             Grimes
             ,
             Hamilton
             ,
             Talbot
          
           and
           others
           of
           our
           Kings
           subjects
           .
           God
           hath
           blest
           the
           Prince
           with
           a
           numerous
           offspring
           ,
           having
           six
           sons
           all
           galant
           Princes
           ;
           of
           whom
           the
           two
           eldest
           signalized
           themselves
           so
           bravely
           at
           the
           raising
           of
           the
           siege
           of
           Vienna
           ,
           that
           as
           an
           undoubted
           proofe
           of
           their
           valour
           they
           brought
           three
           Turks
           home
           to
           this
           court
           prisoners
           .
           His
           Eldest
           son
           is
           married
           to
           a
           most
           beautifull
           Princess
           sole
           heiress
           of
           the
           duke
           of
           Lunenbourg
           and
           Zell
           his
           elder
           brother
           ;
           as
           the
           lovely
           Princess
           his
           daughter
           is
           lately
           married
           to
           the
           Electorall
           Prince
           of
           Brandenbourg
           .
           He
           is
           a
           gracious
           Prince
           to
           his
           people
           ,
           and
           keeps
           a
           very
           splendid
           court
           ,
           having
           in
           his
           stables
           for
           the
           use
           of
           himself
           and
           children
           no
           less
           than
           fifty
           two
           sets
           of
           coach
           horses
           .
           he
           himself
           is
           Lutheran
           ,
           but
           as
           his
           subjects
           are
           Christians
           of
           different
           persuasions
           ,
           nay
           and
           some
           of
           them
           Jews
           too
           ,
           so
           
           both
           in
           his
           court
           and
           army
           he
           entertains
           Gentlemen
           of
           various
           opinions
           and
           Countries
           ,
           as
           Italian
           abbots
           ,
           and
           Gentlemen
           that
           serve
           him
           ,
           and
           many
           Calvinist
           French
           Officers
           :
           neither
           is
           he
           so
           bigotted
           in
           his
           Religion
           but
           that
           he
           and
           his
           Children
           goe
           many
           times
           to
           Church
           with
           the
           Princess
           who
           is
           a
           Calvinist
           ,
           and
           joine
           with
           her
           in
           her
           devotion
           .
           His
           Countrey
           is
           good
           ,
           having
           gold
           and
           silver
           mines
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           his
           subjects
           live
           well
           under
           him
           ;
           as
           doe
           those
           also
           of
           his
           brother
           the
           duke
           of
           Lunenbourg
           ,
           and
           their
           Cozen
           the
           duke
           of
           Wolfembottel
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           three
           Princes
           of
           the
           house
           of
           Lunenbourg
           ;
           of
           whom
           it
           may
           be
           said
           that
           they
           have
           alwayes
           stuck
           honestly
           to
           the
           right
           side
           ,
           and
           befriended
           the
           interests
           of
           the
           Empire
           ;
           so
           that
           no
           by
           respect
           ,
           neither
           honour
           nor
           profit
           ,
           could
           ever
           prevail
           with
           them
           ,
           as
           it
           has
           with
           others
           ,
           to
           make
           them
           abandon
           the
           publick
           concern
           .
        
         
         
           From
           this
           Princes
           court
           I
           went
           to
           Zell
           the
           residence
           of
           the
           duke
           the
           elder
           brother
           of
           the
           familie
           .
           This
           Prince
           is
           called
           the
           mighty
           Nimrod
           becaus
           of
           the
           great
           delight
           he
           takes
           in
           horses
           ,
           dogs
           and
           hunting
           .
           He
           did
           mee
           the
           honour
           to
           let
           mee
           see
           his
           stables
           ,
           wherein
           he
           keeps
           370
           horses
           most
           of
           them
           English
           ,
           or
           of
           English
           breed
           .
           His
           dogs
           which
           are
           also
           English
           ,
           are
           so
           many
           ,
           that
           with
           great
           care
           they
           are
           quartered
           in
           severall
           apartments
           according
           to
           their
           Kind
           and
           qualities
           ,
           there
           being
           a
           large
           office
           like
           a
           brewhouse
           employed
           for
           boyling
           of
           malt
           and
           Corn
           for
           them
           .
           It
           is
           this
           valiant
           Prince
           who
           tooke
           Tieves
           from
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           made
           the
           
             Mareshall
             de
             Crequi
          
           prisoner
           :
           he
           is
           extreamely
           obliging
           to
           strangers
           ,
           and
           hath
           severall
           brave
           Scottish
           Officers
           under
           his
           pay
           ,
           as
           Major
           General
           
             Erskin
             ,
             Graham
             ,
             Coleman
             ,
             Hamilton
             Melvin
          
           and
           others
           .
           His
           Lieutenant
           General
           is
           one
           Chavot
           a
           Protestant
           of
           Alsatia
           
           an
           excellent
           and
           experienced
           commander
           ;
           who
           did
           mee
           the
           honour
           to
           treat
           mee
           three
           days
           at
           his
           house
           ,
           where
           with
           all
           his
           Scottish
           and
           English
           Officers
           ,
           whom
           he
           had
           invited
           ,
           wee
           liberally
           drank
           to
           the
           health
           of
           our
           present
           King
           ,
           having
           ,
           as
           he
           told
           us
           ,
           served
           under
           his
           Majestie
           ,
           when
           duke
           of
           York
           ,
           both
           in
           France
           and
           Flanders
           ,
           where
           he
           gained
           the
           reputation
           both
           for
           skill
           and
           conduct
           in
           the
           wars
           not
           onely
           from
           Mareshall
           Turin
           a
           competent
           Judge
           ,
           but
           also
           from
           all
           other
           General
           Persons
           who
           had
           the
           honour
           to
           know
           him
           ,
           that
           fame
           hath
           made
           better
           know'n
           in
           the
           world
           than
           the
           encomium
           which
           that
           generous
           Gentleman
           ingenuously
           gave
           ,
           and
           which
           heere
           I
           spare
           to
           relate
           .
           I
           shall
           adde
           no
           more
           concerning
           this
           Prince
           ,
           his
           Officers
           ,
           or
           Countrey
           ;
           but
           that
           he
           with
           the
           other
           two
           Princes
           of
           the
           house
           of
           
             Lunenbourg
             Hanover
          
           and
           Wolfenbottel
           ,
           can
           upon
           occasion
           bring
           into
           the
           field
           36000
           
           Soldiers
           whom
           they
           keep
           in
           constant
           pay
           ,
           and
           such
           men
           as
           I
           never
           saw
           better
           in
           my
           life
           .
        
         
           After
           some
           stay
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           the
           duke
           of
           Zell
           I
           went
           to
           Hambourg
           a
           famous
           Hansiatick
           town
           .
           It
           is
           a
           republick
           and
           city
           of
           great
           trade
           ,
           occasioned
           partly
           by
           the
           English
           Company
           of
           Merchant
           adventures
           ,
           but
           much
           more
           by
           the
           dutch
           Protestants
           who
           in
           the
           time
           of
           the
           
             Duke
             of
             Alba
          
           forsook
           the
           low
           Countries
           and
           seltled
           here
           ,
           and
           the
           Protestants
           also
           who
           were
           turned
           out
           of
           Cologne
           and
           other
           places
           in
           Germany
           ;
           who
           nevertheless
           are
           not
           now
           allowed
           publick
           Churches
           within
           the
           citie
           ,
           but
           at
           a
           place
           called
           Altena
           a
           village
           belonging
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           a
           quarter
           of
           an
           houres
           walk
           distant
           from
           Hambourg
           .
           This
           Commonwealth
           is
           Lutheran
           and
           governed
           by
           four
           Burgemasters
           ,
           twenty
           four
           Radtsheres
           ,
           and
           a
           common
           Council
           of
           all
           the
           Burghers
           who
           have
           above
           
           40
           schellings
           
             per
             annum
          
           free
           hold
           .
           The
           symbole
           or
           Motto
           under
           their
           Armes
           is
           ,
           
             da
             pacem
             domine
             in
             diebus
             nostris
             ,
          
           and
           in
           their
           Standart
           are
           these
           letters
           S.
           P.
           Q.
           H.
           The
           people
           here
           grone
           under
           heavy
           taxes
           and
           impositions
           ;
           The
           State
           becaus
           of
           continuall
           Alarms
           they
           have
           from
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           or
           other
           neighbours
           ;
           and
           the
           intestine
           broiles
           that
           frequently
           happen
           here
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           at
           Cologne
           ,
           where
           the
           Burgemasters
           are
           often
           in
           danger
           of
           their
           lives
           from
           the
           mutinous
           mobile
           ;
           being
           sorced
           to
           maintain
           six
           or
           seaven
           thousand
           men
           in
           pay
           ,
           besides
           two
           or
           three
           men
           of
           war
           to
           guard
           their
           havens
           from
           pirats
           .
           I
           shall
           not
           name
           all
           the
           wayes
           of
           imposing
           taxes
           which
           this
           Commonwealth
           uses
           ,
           becaus
           in
           most
           they
           imitate
           the
           methods
           of
           the
           
             States
             Generall
          
           as
           to
           that
           ,
           which
           have
           bin
           mentioned
           before
           :
           I
           shall
           onely
           take
           notice
           of
           some
           peculiar
           customes
           they
           have
           ,
           wherein
           they
           
           differ
           from
           Holland
           .
           When
           a
           Barber
           ,
           shoe
           maker
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           Artizan
           dies
           ,
           leaving
           a
           widow
           and
           Children
           ,
           another
           of
           the
           same
           trade
           is
           not
           admitted
           to
           set
           up
           for
           himself
           as
           a
           master
           ;
           unless
           he
           compound
           with
           the
           widow
           for
           a
           piece
           of
           money
           ,
           or
           else
           marry
           her
           ,
           or
           a
           daughter
           of
           hers
           with
           her
           consent
           .
        
         
           If
           any
           man
           cause
           another
           to
           be
           arrested
           for
           debt
           or
           upon
           any
           other
           suit
           ,
           the
           plaintif
           must
           goe
           along
           with
           the
           Officer
           who
           arrests
           the
           party
           and
           stay
           by
           him
           untill
           the
           prisoner
           be
           examined
           by
           the
           sheriff
           ;
           so
           that
           if
           the
           sheriff
           be
           not
           to
           be
           spoken
           with
           that
           night
           ,
           the
           plaintiff
           must
           tarry
           with
           the
           prisoner
           all
           night
           ,
           untill
           the
           sheriff
           examine
           the
           matter
           ,
           and
           see
           cause
           of
           discharging
           or
           committing
           the
           party
           ;
           but
           this
           a
           plaintiff
           may
           doe
           by
           a
           procuration
           Notariall
           .
        
         
           If
           a
           prisoner
           be
           committed
           for
           debt
           ,
           the
           plaintiff
           must
           maintain
           
           him
           in
           prison
           according
           to
           his
           qualitie
           :
           and
           if
           the
           party
           lye
           in
           prison
           during
           the
           space
           of
           six
           yeares
           ,
           at
           the
           expiration
           of
           that
           time
           the
           prisoner
           is
           discharged
           ;
           and
           if
           during
           the
           time
           of
           his
           imprisonment
           ,
           the
           plaintif
           doe
           not
           punctually
           pay
           the
           prisoners
           allowance
           at
           the
           months
           end
           ,
           the
           prisoner
           is
           set
           at
           liberty
           ,
           and
           nevertheless
           the
           plaintiff
           must
           pay
           the
           Gailer
           the
           last
           months
           allowance
           .
        
         
           This
           state
           is
           severe
           in
           the
           execution
           of
           Justice
           against
           thieves
           ,
           murders
           and
           cheats
           .
           There
           is
           no
           pardon
           to
           be
           expected
           for
           murder
           ,
           and
           a
           Burgemaster
           himself
           if
           guilty
           cannot
           escape
           .
           The
           punishment
           for
           Murder
           is
           here
           as
           in
           Sweden
           ,
           breaking
           malefactors
           on
           the
           wheele
           ,
           pinching
           their
           breasts
           and
           Arms
           with
           hot
           Pincers
           ,
           speeting
           them
           in
           at
           the
           fundament
           and
           out
           at
           the
           shoulder
           ,
           they
           have
           also
           cruel
           wayes
           of
           torturing
           to
           make
           prisoners
           confess
           ;
           And
           are
           very
           carefull
           not
           to
           
           be
           cheated
           in
           their
           publick
           revenue
           ,
           their
           accisemen
           and
           collectors
           being
           punished
           as
           in
           Holland
           .
           They
           take
           a
           very
           good
           course
           not
           to
           be
           cheated
           in
           their
           accise
           ;
           for
           all
           the
           mils
           of
           the
           Countrey
           are
           in
           the
           hands
           the
           State
           ;
           so
           that
           no
           baker
           nor
           brewer
           can
           grind
           his
           own
           corn
           ,
           but
           must
           have
           it
           ground
           at
           the
           States
           mills
           ,
           where
           they
           pay
           the
           accise
           .
           There
           is
           a
           Generall
           tax
           upon
           all
           houses
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           the
           Eight
           penny
           ,
           which
           nevertheless
           does
           not
           excuse
           them
           from
           chimney
           money
           .
           The
           States
           here
           as
           at
           Genoa
           in
           Italy
           are
           the
           publick
           vintners
           ,
           of
           whom
           all
           people
           must
           buy
           their
           wine
           ,
           which
           they
           buy
           from
           the
           Merchants
           ,
           or
           otherwise
           import
           it
           in
           their
           own
           ships
           .
           In
           their
           ceremonies
           of
           burying
           and
           Christening
           ,
           they
           are
           ridiculously
           prodigall
           ;
           as
           for
           instance
           .
           If
           one
           invite
           a
           Burgemaster
           ,
           he
           must
           give
           him
           a
           ducat
           in
           gold
           ,
           if
           a
           Raedtsheer
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           an
           Alderman
           ,
           a
           Rixdollar
           ,
           to
           every
           
           Preacher
           ,
           Doctor
           of
           Physick
           ,
           Advocat
           or
           Secretary
           halfe
           a
           Rixdollar
           ,
           and
           to
           every
           Schoolmaster
           the
           third
           part
           of
           a
           Rixdoller
           .
           The
           women
           are
           the
           inviters
           to
           Burialls
           ,
           weddings
           and
           Christenings
           ,
           who
           weare
           an
           Antick
           Kind
           of
           a
           dress
           ,
           having
           mitered
           caps
           as
           high
           again
           as
           the
           Miter
           of
           a
           Bishop
           .
           The
           Churches
           here
           are
           rich
           in
           revenues
           ,
           and
           ornaments
           ,
           as
           Images
           and
           Stately
           Organs
           wherein
           they
           much
           delight
           .
           They
           are
           great
           lovers
           of
           Musick
           ▪
           in
           so
           much
           that
           I
           have
           told
           75
           masters
           of
           severell
           sorts
           of
           Musick
           in
           one
           Church
           ,
           besides
           those
           who
           were
           in
           the
           Organ
           ▪
           gallery
           .
           Their
           Organs
           are
           extraordinarely
           large
           .
           I
           measured
           the
           great
           pipes
           in
           the
           Organs
           of
           St.
           Catharins
           and
           St.
           James's
           Churches
           ,
           and
           found
           them
           to
           be
           3
           foot
           and
           3
           quarters
           in
           circumference
           and
           32
           foot
           long
           ;
           in
           each
           of
           which
           Organs
           there
           are
           two
           Pipes
           5
           foot
           and
           8
           inches
           round
           .
           The
           wealth
           and
           trade
           of
           this
           
           citie
           encreases
           dayly
           :
           They
           send
           one
           year
           with
           another
           70
           Ships
           to
           Greenland
           ,
           and
           have
           wonderfully
           engrossed
           that
           trade
           from
           England
           and
           Holland
           ,
           and
           it
           is
           beleeved
           that
           small
           and
           great
           there
           are
           belonging
           to
           this
           Commonwealth
           five
           thousand
           sayl
           of
           Ships
           .
           After
           
             Amsterdam
             ,
             Genoa
          
           ,
           and
           Venice
           their
           bank
           is
           reckoned
           the
           chiefe
           in
           credit
           ;
           but
           in
           trade
           they
           are
           accounted
           the
           third
           in
           Europe
           ,
           and
           come
           next
           to
           London
           and
           
             Amsterdam
             .
             Hambourg
          
           is
           now
           become
           the
           Magazine
           of
           Germany
           and
           of
           the
           baltick
           and
           northern
           seas
           .
           They
           give
           great
           priviledges
           to
           the
           Jewes
           ,
           and
           to
           all
           strangers
           whatsoever
           ,
           Especially
           the
           English
           Company
           of
           Merchant
           Adventurers
           ,
           whom
           they
           allow
           a
           large
           building
           ,
           where
           they
           have
           a
           Church
           ,
           and
           where
           the
           deputy
           governour
           ,
           Secretary
           ,
           Minister
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           Officers
           of
           the
           Company
           live
           ,
           to
           whom
           they
           yearly
           make
           present
           of
           Wine
           ,
           
           Beere
           ,
           Sheep
           ,
           Salmond
           and
           Sturgeon
           in
           their
           seasons
           .
           And
           so
           much
           of
           Hambourg
           .
        
         
           From
           Hambourg
           I
           went
           to
           Lubeck
           ,
           which
           is
           also
           a
           Commonwealth
           and
           Imperiall
           town
           .
           It
           is
           a
           large
           well
           built
           city
           containing
           ten
           parish
           Churches
           ;
           the
           Cathedrall
           dedicated
           to
           St.
           Peter
           being
           in
           length
           500
           foot
           ,
           with
           two
           high
           spires
           all
           covered
           with
           brass
           as
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Churches
           of
           that
           ciry
           are
           .
           In
           former
           times
           this
           city
           was
           the
           place
           where
           the
           deputies
           of
           all
           the
           Hansiatick
           towns
           assembled
           ,
           and
           was
           once
           so
           powerfull
           as
           to
           make
           war
           against
           Denmark
           and
           Sweden
           ,
           and
           to
           conquer
           severall
           places
           and
           Islands
           belonging
           to
           those
           two
           Crowns
           ,
           nay
           and
           to
           lend
           Ships
           to
           England
           and
           other
           Potentates
           ,
           without
           any
           prejudice
           to
           their
           own
           trade
           ,
           wherein
           they
           vied
           in
           all
           parts
           with
           their
           neighbours
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           now
           exceedingly
           run
           into
           decay
           not
           onely
           in
           territories
           ,
           but
           in
           wealth
           
           and
           trade
           also
           .
           And
           the
           reason
           of
           that
           was
           chiefely
           the
           inconsiderate
           zeal
           of
           their
           Lutheran
           Ministers
           who
           perswaded
           the
           Magistrates
           to
           banish
           all
           Roman
           Catholicks
           ,
           Calvinists
           ,
           Jews
           ,
           and
           all
           that
           dissented
           from
           them
           in
           matter
           of
           Religion
           ,
           even
           the
           English
           Company
           too
           ,
           who
           all
           went
           and
           setled
           in
           Hambourg
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           advantage
           of
           that
           city
           and
           almost
           ruine
           of
           Lubeck
           ,
           which
           hath
           not
           now
           above
           200
           Ships
           belonging
           to
           it
           ,
           nor
           more
           territories
           to
           the
           State
           ;
           than
           the
           city
           it self
           and
           a
           small
           part
           called
           Termond
           about
           eight
           miles
           distant
           from
           it
           .
           The
           rest
           of
           there
           territories
           are
           now
           in
           the
           possession
           of
           the
           Danes
           and
           Swedes
           ,
           by
           whom
           the
           burghers
           are
           so
           continually
           allarmed
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           quite
           tired
           out
           with
           keeping
           guard
           and
           paying
           of
           Taxes
           .
           The
           city
           is
           indeed
           well
           fortified
           ;
           but
           the
           government
           not
           being
           able
           to
           maintain
           above
           1500
           Soldiers
           in
           pay
           ,
           400
           Burghers
           
           in
           two
           Companies
           are
           obliged
           to
           watch
           every
           day
           .
           They
           have
           a
           large
           well
           built
           Stathouse
           ,
           and
           an
           Exchange
           covered
           ,
           on
           the
           top
           whereof
           the
           globes
           of
           the
           world
           are
           painted
           .
           This
           Exchange
           is
           about
           fifty
           yards
           in
           the
           length
           ,
           and
           but
           fifteen
           in
           breadth
           ;
           over
           it
           there
           is
           a
           Roome
           where
           the
           skins
           of
           five
           Lions
           which
           the
           Burghers
           killed
           at
           the
           city
           gates
           in
           the
           year
           1252
           are
           kept
           stuft
           .
           The
           great
           market
           place
           is
           very
           large
           where
           a
           monumentall
           stone
           is
           to
           be
           seen
           ,
           on
           which
           one
           of
           their
           Burgemasters
           was
           beheaded
           for
           running
           away
           without
           fighting
           in
           a
           sea
           engagement
           .
           The
           people
           here
           spend
           much
           time
           in
           their
           Churches
           at
           devotion
           ,
           which
           consists
           chiefely
           in
           singing
           .
           The
           women
           are
           beautifull
           but
           disfigured
           with
           a
           kind
           of
           Antick
           dress
           ;
           they
           wearing
           cloaks
           like
           men
           .
           It
           is
           cheap
           living
           in
           this
           town
           ;
           for
           one
           may
           hire
           a
           palace
           for
           a
           matter
           of
           20
           L.
           a
           year
           ,
           and
           have
           provisions
           at
           
           very
           reasonable
           rates
           :
           besides
           the
           air
           and
           water
           is
           very
           good
           ;
           the
           city
           being
           supplied
           with
           fountains
           of
           Excellent
           fresh
           water
           ,
           which
           Hambourg
           wants
           ;
           and
           good
           ground
           for
           cellerage
           ,
           there
           being
           cellars
           here
           fourty
           or
           fifty
           foot
           deep
           .
        
         
           I
           had
           the
           curiosity
           to
           goe
           from
           Lubeck
           to
           see
           the
           Ancient
           city
           of
           Magdeburg
           ,
           but
           found
           it
           so
           ruined
           and
           decayed
           by
           the
           Swedish
           war
           ,
           that
           I
           had
           no
           encouragement
           to
           stay
           there
           .
           I
           therefore
           hastened
           to
           Berlin
           the
           chiefe
           residence
           of
           the
           Elector
           of
           Brandenbourg
           ,
           at
           whose
           Court
           I
           mett
           with
           a
           very
           Ingenuous
           French
           Merchant
           who
           tould
           me
           that
           he
           and
           divers
           other
           Merchants
           were
           designed
           to
           have
           lived
           in
           England
           ,
           but
           were
           discouraged
           by
           a
           letter
           sent
           from
           London
           ,
           by
           a
           French
           man
           that
           was
           removeing
           from
           thence
           to
           Amsterdam
           ,
           for
           these
           following
           reason
           which
           I
           coppied
           out
           of
           his
           Letter
           ;
           First
           because
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           is
           persecuted
           
           in
           England
           as
           it
           is
           in
           France
           ,
           the
           which
           I
           tould
           him
           was
           a
           great
           untruth
           ,
           for
           it
           is
           apparent
           that
           they
           have
           been
           all
           along
           graciously
           admitted
           ,
           and
           received
           into
           his
           Majesties
           Dominions
           ,
           without
           interruption
           ,
           &
           allowed
           the
           free
           exercise
           of
           their
           owne
           forme
           of
           worship
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Doctrine
           &
           discipline
           of
           the
           Churches
           of
           France
           ,
           nor
           can
           they
           who
           converse
           with
           the
           French
           Ministers
           either
           in
           France
           or
           Holland
           be
           Ignorant
           ,
           that
           the
           chiefest
           part
           ,
           if
           not
           all
           those
           Ministers
           are
           willing
           to
           complye
           with
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           it
           is
           Evident
           that
           most
           of
           the
           Dutch
           and
           French
           Protestants
           (
           so
           called
           ;
           )
           in
           Holland
           make
           use
           of
           Organs
           in
           their
           Churches
           ;
        
         
           A
           second
           thing
           was
           that
           both
           the
           bank
           of
           London
           and
           the
           Bankers
           ▪
           Gouldsmiths
           were
           all
           broak
           ,
           the
           which
           I
           tould
           this
           Frenchman
           was
           not
           true
           altogether
           ,
           for
           there
           are
           many
           able
           Bankers
           whome
           I
           named
           
           as
           
             Alderman
             Fowles
             ,
             Alderman
             Hornbey
             ,
             Alderman
             Duncomb
             ,
             Alderman
             Founs
             ,
             Mr.
             Thomas
             Cook
             ,
             Mr.
             Rob
             :
             Vyner
             ,
             Mr.
             Childe
             ,
             Mr.
             Endes
             ,
             Mr.
             Evans
          
           and
           others
           well
           known
           to
           the
           world
           by
           their
           solid
           dealling
           :
           neyther
           was
           the
           Bank
           (
           as
           he
           called
           the
           Chamber
           of
           London
           )
           broak
           ,
           only
           it
           had
           been
           under
           the
           management
           of
           a
           bad
           Person
           whose
           designe
           was
           to
           bring
           it
           into
           disgrace
           ;
           besides
           there
           is
           the
           
             East-India
             Company
          
           an
           unquestionable
           securitie
           for
           those
           as
           have
           money
           to
           dispose
           of
           ,
           together
           with
           another
           undeniable
           securitie
           which
           is
           Land.
           Thirdly
           he
           saith
           ,
           that
           in
           England
           there
           is
           no
           Register
           ,
           and
           therefore
           many
           frauds
           in
           purchases
           &
           morgages
           ,
           which
           begett
           teadious
           suites
           ,
           and
           renders
           both
           dangerous
           to
           trust
           ;
           Fourtly
           that
           if
           a
           man
           would
           purchase
           land
           he
           cannot
           ,
           being
           an
           Alien
           ,
           untill
           Naturalized
           .
           Fiftly
           that
           in
           England
           there
           are
           so
           many
           plots
           and
           Confusions
           in
           Goverment
           that
           
           the
           Kingdome
           is
           hardly
           quiet
           twenty
           yeares
           together
           .
        
         
           Sixtly
           that
           false
           wittnesses
           were
           so
           common
           in
           England
           and
           the
           crime
           of
           perjury
           so
           slightly
           punished
           ,
           that
           no
           man
           could
           be
           safe
           in
           life
           or
           Estate
           if
           he
           chanced
           to
           be
           in
           trouble
           .
           Lastly
           he
           said
           that
           the
           English
           are
           so
           restless
           and
           quarrelesome
           ,
           that
           they
           not
           only
           foment
           and
           cherish
           Animosities
           amongst
           one
           another
           ,
           but
           are
           Every
           foot
           contriving
           and
           plotting
           against
           their
           lawfull
           soveraign
           and
           the
           Goverment
           .
           By
           such
           surmises
           and
           insinuations
           as
           these
           the
           French
           and
           Germans
           are
           scared
           from
           trusting
           themselves
           and
           fortunes
           in
           England
           and
           therefore
           settle
           in
           
             Amsterdam
             ,
             Hamburg
          
           and
           other
           Cittyes
           ,
           where
           there
           are
           Banks
           and
           Registers
           ;
           This
           I
           say
           is
           one
           cause
           why
           there
           are
           now
           to
           be
           seene
           at
           Amsterdam
           such
           vast
           numbers
           of
           French
           and
           Germans
           who
           have
           much
           inriched
           that
           Citty
           and
           raised
           the
           rents
           of
           the
           houses
           20
           percent
           ,
           
           and
           the
           silkeweavers
           grow
           also
           verie
           rich
           keeping
           so
           many
           Almes
           Children
           to
           doe
           their
           work
           and
           having
           all
           their
           labour
           without
           any
           charge
           only
           for
           the
           teaching
           them
           their
           trades
           ;
           which
           hath
           lessened
           the
           revenues
           of
           the
           French
           crown
           ,
           and
           will
           in
           tyme
           greately
           increase
           the
           number
           of
           the
           States
           subjects
           ,
           and
           advance
           ther
           publick
           Incomes
           .
        
         
           To
           say
           the
           truth
           the
           inconstancy
           and
           wantonnesse
           of
           the
           English
           nation
           ,
           especially
           of
           late
           tymes
           ,
           when
           no
           other
           cause
           could
           be
           given
           for
           it
           ,
           but
           to
           much
           ease
           and
           plenty
           ,
           is
           not
           only
           wondered
           at
           but
           reflected
           upon
           by
           foreigners
           ;
           yet
           I
           am
           morally
           certaine
           that
           could
           the
           people
           of
           England
           be
           once
           againe
           united
           in
           love
           and
           affection
           as
           they
           are
           bound
           to
           be
           in
           duty
           and
           Intrest
           ,
           and
           would
           they
           be
           as
           willing
           to
           contribute
           to
           their
           own
           hapines
           as
           heaven
           hath
           been
           kind
           and
           liberal
           in
           bestowing
           the
           meanes
           of
           it
           ,
           with
           a
           good
           and
           gratious
           Prince
           solicitous
           
           for
           preserveing
           the
           same
           to
           them
           ,
           could
           wee
           be
           so
           blest
           as
           wee
           have
           great
           reason
           to
           Expect
           wee
           may
           under
           the
           Auspicious
           reigne
           of
           him
           whose
           royall
           Virtues
           are
           dreaded
           by
           none
           either
           at
           home
           or
           a
           broad
           but
           such
           as
           are
           the
           disturbers
           of
           publick
           and
           lawfull
           Authoritie
           .
        
         
           Having
           made
           this
           digression
           ,
           I
           return
           to
           Berlin
           ,
           It
           is
           a
           city
           lately
           enlarged
           with
           fair
           streets
           and
           palaces
           .
           The
           Magistrates
           of
           the
           place
           are
           Lutherans
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           publick
           established
           Religion
           in
           all
           the
           Electors
           dominions
           ;
           though
           he
           himself
           and
           his
           Children
           be
           Calvinists
           .
           He
           is
           lookt
           upon
           to
           be
           so
           true
           to
           that
           persuasion
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           reckoned
           the
           Protector
           of
           the
           Calvinists
           ;
           and
           indeed
           he
           sollicited
           the
           Emperour
           very
           hard
           for
           a
           toleration
           of
           the
           Protestants
           in
           Hungary
           .
           His
           chaplains
           ,
           as
           most
           of
           the
           Lutheran
           ministers
           also
           ,
           endeavour
           to
           imitate
           the
           English
           in
           their
           way
           of
           preaching
           :
           and
           his
           highness
           is
           so
           
           much
           taken
           with
           English
           divinity
           ,
           that
           he
           entertains
           divines
           for
           translating
           English
           books
           into
           the
           German
           tongue
           ,
           as
           
             the
             whole
             duty
             of
             man
          
           and
           severall
           others
           .
           He
           has
           a
           large
           and
           Srately
           palace
           at
           Berlin
           and
           therein
           a
           copious
           library
           enriched
           with
           many
           manuscripts
           ,
           medalls
           ,
           and
           rarities
           of
           Antiquity
           .
           He
           may
           compare
           with
           most
           Princes
           for
           handsome
           guards
           ,
           being
           all
           of
           them
           proper
           well
           bodied
           men
           ,
           and
           most
           part
           Officers
           who
           ride
           in
           his
           guards
           of
           horse
           .
           As
           he
           is
           know'n
           in
           the
           world
           to
           be
           a
           valiant
           and
           warlick
           Prince
           ,
           so
           he
           maintains
           in
           pay
           an
           Army
           of
           36000
           men
           ;
           besides
           five
           or
           six
           thousand
           horsmen
           ,
           who
           in
           time
           of
           war
           are
           modelled
           into
           troopes
           ;
           with
           which
           body
           during
           the
           late
           war
           with
           Sweden
           ,
           his
           highness
           in
           Person
           beat
           the
           Swedes
           out
           of
           his
           Countrey
           .
           Hee
           keeps
           his
           forces
           in
           strickt
           Discipline
           ,
           obliging
           all
           the
           Officers
           ,
           if
           Protestants
           ,
           on
           Sundays
           and
           holy
           days
           to
           march
           their
           severall
           
           Companies
           in
           order
           to
           Church
           ,
           but
           if
           a
           superiour
           Officer
           be
           of
           a
           contrary
           persuasion
           ,
           then
           the
           next
           in
           commission
           supplies
           his
           place
           .
           This
           custome
           is
           Religiously
           observed
           by
           all
           his
           highnesses
           garrisons
           ;
           whilest
           he
           himself
           with
           his
           Children
           ,
           being
           five
           sons
           ,
           two
           Daughters
           ,
           and
           two
           Daughters
           in
           law
           ,
           goe
           constantly
           to
           the
           Calvinist
           Church
           adjoyning
           to
           the
           Court.
           Amongst
           other
           acts
           of
           publick
           pietie
           and
           charitie
           ,
           this
           Prince
           hath
           established
           and
           endowed
           some
           Religious
           houses
           or
           Nunneries
           for
           Protestant
           young
           ladies
           ,
           where
           they
           may
           live
           virtuously
           and
           spend
           their
           time
           in
           devotion
           as
           long
           as
           they
           please
           ,
           or
           otherwise
           marry
           ,
           if
           they
           think
           fit
           ,
           but
           then
           they
           lose
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Monastery
           .
           There
           is
           one
           of
           these
           at
           Herford
           in
           Westphalia
           ,
           where
           I
           was
           and
           had
           the
           honour
           to
           wait
           upon
           the
           Lady
           Abbess
           the
           Princess
           Elisabeth
           ,
           eldest
           sister
           of
           the
           Elector
           Palatine
           and
           
           Prince
           Rupert
           ,
           who
           is
           since
           dead
           .
           Nothwithstanding
           the
           late
           wars
           with
           Sweden
           and
           that
           by
           the
           prevalency
           of
           France
           in
           that
           hasty
           treaty
           of
           peace
           concluded
           at
           Nimwegen
           ,
           his
           Electorall
           Highness
           was
           obliged
           to
           give
           back
           what
           he
           had
           Justly
           taken
           from
           that
           crown
           ;
           yet
           his
           subjects
           flourish
           in
           wealth
           and
           trade
           ,
           his
           highness
           having
           encouraged
           manufactures
           of
           all
           sorts
           ,
           by
           inviting
           Artizans
           into
           his
           dominions
           ,
           and
           estalished
           a
           Company
           of
           tradeing
           Merchants
           to
           the
           West-Indies
           ,
           which
           will
           much
           advance
           navigation
           amongst
           his
           subjects
           .
           And
           in
           all
           humane
           probabilitie
           they
           are
           like
           to
           continue
           in
           a
           happy
           condition
           ,
           seing
           by
           the
           alliances
           his
           highness
           hath
           made
           with
           the
           Protestant
           Princes
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           and
           especially
           the
           house
           of
           Lunenbourg
           ,
           they
           are
           in
           no
           danger
           of
           being
           disturbed
           by
           their
           neighbours
           .
           I
           told
           you
           before
           that
           the
           Prince
           of
           Brandenbourg
           was
           married
           to
           the
           Daughter
           of
           the
           duke
           of
           
           Hanover
           ,
           so
           that
           so
           long
           as
           that
           alliance
           holds
           ,
           the
           families
           of
           Brandenbourg
           and
           Lunenbourg
           will
           be
           in
           a
           condition
           to
           cast
           the
           ballance
           of
           the
           Empire
           ;
           they
           both
           together
           being
           able
           to
           bring
           into
           the
           field
           80000
           as
           good
           men
           as
           any
           are
           in
           Europe
           .
        
         
           When
           I
           parted
           from
           Berlin
           I
           made
           a
           turn
           back
           to
           Lunenbourg
           in
           my
           way
           to
           Swedland
           ,
           where
           I
           found
           severall
           of
           my
           Countrey
           men
           Officers
           in
           the
           garison
           ,
           who
           shew'd
           mee
           what
           was
           most
           remarkeable
           in
           the
           city
           ,
           as
           the
           Saltworks
           (
           which
           bring
           in
           considerable
           summes
           of
           money
           to
           the
           duke
           of
           Lunenbourg
           )
           the
           Stathouse
           ,
           and
           Churches
           ,
           in
           one
           of
           which
           I
           saw
           a
           communion
           table
           of
           pure
           ducat
           gold
           .
           From
           thence
           I
           went
           into
           the
           Province
           of
           of
           Holstein
           ,
           and
           at
           a
           small
           sea
           port
           called
           Termond
           ,
           of
           which
           I
           spake
           ,
           before
           ,
           I
           embarked
           for
           Sweden
           .
        
         
           He
           that
           hath
           read
           in
           the
           histories
           of
           this
           last
           age
           the
           great
           exploits
           of
           
           
             Gustavus
             Adolphus
          
           and
           his
           Swedes
           ,
           perhaps
           may
           have
           a
           fancy
           that
           it
           must
           be
           an
           excellent
           Countrey
           which
           hath
           bredsuch
           warriours
           ;
           but
           if
           he
           approach
           it
           ,
           he
           will
           soon
           find
           himself
           undeceived
           .
           Entering
           into
           Sweedland
           at
           a
           place
           called
           Landsort
           ,
           wee
           sailed
           forwards
           amongst
           high
           rocks
           having
           no
           other
           prospect
           from
           Land
           but
           mountains
           till
           wee
           came
           to
           Dollers
           ,
           which
           is
           about
           four
           Swedish
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           twenty
           four
           English
           miles
           from
           Stockholm
           ,
           the
           capitall
           citie
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           :
           upon
           my
           comeing
           a
           shore
           I
           confess
           I
           was
           a
           litle
           surprised
           to
           see
           the
           poverty
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           and
           the
           litle
           wooden
           houses
           they
           lived
           in
           ,
           not
           unlike
           Soldiers
           huts
           in
           a
           leaguer
           ;
           but
           much
           more
           ,
           when
           I
           discovered
           litle
           else
           in
           the
           Countrey
           but
           mountanous
           rocks
           and
           standing
           lakes
           of
           water
           .
           The
           Reader
           will
           excuse
           mee
           ,
           I
           hope
           ,
           if
           I
           remarke
           not
           all
           that
           I
           may
           have
           taken
           notice
           of
           in
           this
           Countrey
           ,
           seing
           by
           
           what
           I
           have
           already
           written
           ,
           he
           may
           perceive
           that
           my
           designe
           is
           rather
           to
           observe
           the
           manner
           of
           the
           inhabitants
           living
           ,
           then
           to
           give
           a
           full
           description
           of
           every
           thing
           that
           may
           be
           seen
           in
           the
           Countrey
           they
           live
           in
           .
           However
           I
           shall
           say
           somewhat
           of
           that
           too
           ,
           having
           premised
           once
           for
           all
           that
           the
           ordinary
           people
           are
           wretchedly
           poor
           ;
           yet
           not
           so
           much
           occasioned
           by
           the
           Publick
           taxes
           ,
           as
           the
           barrenness
           of
           their
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           the
           oppression
           of
           the
           nobles
           their
           Landlords
           ,
           and
           immediate
           superiours
           ,
           who
           till
           the
           present
           King
           put
           a
           stop
           to
           their
           violences
           ,
           tyrannically
           domineered
           over
           the
           lives
           and
           fortunes
           of
           the
           poor
           peasants
           .
           From
           Dollers
           I
           took
           waggon
           to
           Stockholm
           ,
           changing
           horses
           three
           times
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           badness
           of
           the
           rode
           ,
           on
           all
           hands
           environed
           with
           rocks
           ,
           that
           hardly
           open
           so
           much
           as
           here
           and
           there
           to
           leave
           a
           shred
           of
           plain
           ground
           .
           At
           two
           miles
           distance
           upon
           that
           rode
           
           the
           citie
           of
           Stockholme
           looks
           great
           ;
           becaus
           of
           the
           Kings
           palace
           ,
           the
           houses
           of
           Noblemen
           ,
           and
           some
           Churches
           which
           are
           seated
           upon
           rocks
           ;
           and
           indeed
           ,
           the
           whole
           citie
           and
           suburbs
           stand
           upon
           rocks
           ,
           unless
           it
           be
           some
           few
           houses
           built
           upon
           ground
           gained
           from
           the
           rivers
           that
           run
           throw
           the
           town
           .
           Stockholme
           has
           its
           name
           from
           a
           stock
           or
           logg
           of
           wood
           which
           three
           brothers
           threw
           into
           the
           water
           five
           miles
           above
           the
           city
           ,
           making
           a
           vow
           that
           where
           ever
           that
           stock
           should
           stop
           ,
           they
           would
           build
           a
           castle
           to
           dwell
           in
           .
           The
           stock
           stopt
           at
           the
           Holme
           or
           rock
           where
           the
           palace
           of
           the
           King
           now
           stands
           ;
           and
           the
           brothers
           to
           be
           as
           good
           as
           their
           word
           ,
           there
           built
           their
           castle
           ,
           which
           invited
           others
           to
           doe
           the
           like
           ;
           so
           that
           in
           process
           of
           time
           the
           other
           rocks
           or
           holmes
           were
           covered
           with
           buildings
           which
           at
           length
           became
           the
           capital
           citie
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           .
           It
           is
           now
           embellished
           with
           a
           great
           many
           
           Stately
           houses
           ,
           and
           much
           emproved
           from
           what
           it
           was
           400
           yeares
           agoe
           ,
           as
           indeed
           ,
           most
           cities
           are
           ;
           for
           the
           Stathouse
           then
           built
           ,
           is
           so
           contemtible
           and
           low
           that
           in
           Holland
           or
           England
           ,
           it
           would
           not
           be
           suffered
           to
           stand
           to
           disgrace
           the
           nation
           .
           The
           Council
           Chamber
           where
           the
           Burgemaster
           and
           Raedt
           sit
           ,
           is
           two
           rooms
           cast
           into
           one
           not
           above
           nine
           foot
           high
           ;
           and
           the
           two
           rooms
           where
           the
           sheriffs
           and
           the
           Erve
           colledge
           (
           which
           is
           a
           Judicature
           like
           to
           the
           
             Doctors
             Commons
          
           in
           England
           )
           sit
           are
           not
           above
           eight
           foot
           and
           a
           halfe
           high
           .
           The
           Kings
           Palace
           is
           a
           large
           square
           of
           stone
           building
           ,
           in
           some
           places
           very
           high
           ,
           but
           an
           old
           and
           irregular
           fabrick
           ,
           without
           a
           sufficient
           quantitie
           of
           ground
           about
           it
           for
           gardens
           and
           walks
           .
           It
           was
           anciently
           surrounded
           with
           water
           ;
           but
           some
           yeares
           since
           part
           of
           it
           was
           filled
           up
           to
           make
           a
           way
           from
           the
           castlegate
           down
           into
           the
           old
           town
           .
           In
           this
           Palace
           there
           are
           large
           rooms
           ;
           but
           
           the
           lodgings
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           Queen
           and
           Royall
           familie
           are
           three
           pair
           of
           stairs
           high
           ,
           the
           rooms
           in
           the
           first
           and
           second
           story
           's
           being
           destin'd
           for
           the
           Senat
           Chamber
           and
           other
           courts
           of
           Judicature
           .
           The
           Kings
           library
           is
           four
           pair
           of
           stairs
           high
           ,
           being
           a
           room
           about
           fourty
           six
           foot
           square
           ,
           with
           a
           closet
           adjoyning
           to
           it
           not
           half
           the
           dimensions
           .
           When
           I
           considered
           the
           appartments
           and
           furniture
           of
           this
           Court
           ,
           I
           began
           to
           think
           that
           the
           French
           Author
           wrote
           truth
           ,
           who
           in
           his
           Remarks
           upon
           Swedland
           sayes
           ,
           that
           when
           Queen
           Christina
           resigned
           the
           Crown
           to
           
             Carolus
             Gustaphus
          
           the
           father
           of
           this
           present
           King
           ,
           she
           disposed
           of
           the
           best
           of
           the
           furniture
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           and
           gave
           away
           a
           large
           share
           of
           the
           Crown
           lands
           to
           her
           favorites
           ;
           in
           so
           much
           that
           the
           King
           considering
           the
           poor
           condition
           she
           had
           left
           the
           Kingdome
           in
           ,
           and
           seeing
           the
           Court
           so
           meanely
           furnished
           ,
           said
           that
           had
           he
           know'n
           before
           he
           accepted
           the
           Crown
           ,
           what
           
           then
           he
           did
           ,
           he
           would
           have
           taken
           other
           measures
           .
        
         
           There
           are
           many
           other
           Stately
           palaces
           in
           Stockholme
           belonging
           to
           the
           nobilitie
           ;
           but
           many
           of
           them
           for
           want
           of
           repairs
           ,
           and
           not
           being
           inhabited
           run
           to
           ruine
           ;
           severall
           of
           the
           nobles
           who
           lived
           in
           them
           formerly
           ,
           having
           lost
           the
           estates
           that
           maintained
           their
           ancient
           splendour
           ,
           as
           wee
           shall
           see
           hereafter
           ,
           being
           retired
           unto
           a
           Countrey
           life
           .
           There
           are
           also
           some
           other
           magnificent
           structures
           begun
           ,
           but
           not
           finished
           ,
           as
           that
           Stately
           building
           intended
           for
           a
           Parliament
           house
           for
           the
           nobles
           ,
           and
           two
           or
           three
           Churches
           :
           but
           what
           I
           most
           wonder
           at
           is
           the
           vault
           wherein
           the
           late
           King
           lies
           buried
           ,
           is
           not
           as
           yet
           covered
           but
           with
           boards
           ,
           for
           it
           is
           to
           he
           observed
           that
           the
           Kings
           of
           Sweeden
           have
           no
           tombs
           and
           monuments
           as
           in
           England
           and
           other
           Countries
           ;
           but
           are
           put
           into
           copper
           coffins
           with
           inscriptions
           on
           them
           ,
           and
           placed
           one
           by
           another
           in
           vaults
           
           adjoyning
           to
           the
           Gray
           Friers
           Church
           .
           These
           vaults
           are
           about
           Eight
           in
           number
           ,
           having
           turets
           over
           them
           with
           vains
           of
           Copper
           gilt
           ,
           carved
           into
           the
           ciphers
           of
           the
           severall
           Kings
           who
           give
           them
           their
           names
           by
           being
           the
           first
           that
           are
           interred
           in
           them
           .
           The
           vault
           of
           the
           late
           King
           is
           not
           yet
           finished
           ,
           no
           more
           then
           the
           fabricks
           above
           mentioned
           ,
           which
           perhaps
           may
           be
           imputed
           to
           the
           late
           troubles
           of
           Swedland
           .
           The
           number
           of
           the
           inhabitants
           of
           Stockholme
           are
           also
           much
           decreased
           within
           these
           few
           yeares
           ,
           partly
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           removal
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           Admiraltie
           and
           the
           Kings
           Ships
           from
           that
           citie
           to
           Charles-crown
           ,
           a
           new
           haven
           lately
           made
           about
           200
           English
           miles
           from
           thence
           ,
           which
           hath
           draw'n
           many
           families
           belonging
           to
           the
           fleet
           and
           Admiralitie
           from
           Stockholme
           to
           live
           there
           :
           and
           partly
           becaus
           many
           of
           the
           nobilitie
           ,
           gentry
           and
           those
           that
           depended
           on
           them
           ,
           are
           ,
           as
           I
           said
           before
           ,
           withdraw'n
           from
           Stockholme
           
           to
           a
           retired
           life
           in
           the
           Countrey
           .
           Nevertheless
           the
           ordinary
           sort
           of
           Bourghers
           who
           still
           remain
           are
           extreamly
           poor
           ;
           seing
           the
           women
           are
           fain
           to
           worke
           like
           horses
           ,
           drawing
           carts
           ,
           and
           as
           labourers
           in
           England
           ,
           serving
           masons
           and
           bricklayers
           with
           stone
           ,
           bricks
           and
           mortar
           ,
           and
           unloading
           vessells
           that
           bring
           those
           materials
           ;
           some
           of
           the
           poor
           creatures
           in
           the
           summertime
           toyling
           in
           their
           smocks
           without
           either
           shoes
           or
           stockings
           .
           They
           performe
           also
           the
           part
           of
           watermen
           ,
           and
           for
           a
           small
           matter
           will
           row
           passengers
           40
           miles
           or
           more
           if
           they
           please
           .
        
         
           The
           Court
           here
           is
           very
           thin
           and
           silent
           ,
           the
           King
           living
           frugally
           &
           seldome
           dining
           in
           publick
           .
           He
           eats
           commonly
           with
           
             the
             two
             Queens
          
           his
           mother
           and
           consort
           ,
           who
           is
           a
           virtuous
           Princess
           sister
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           .
           She
           is
           the
           mother
           of
           five
           Children
           ,
           three
           sons
           and
           two
           daughters
           ,
           with
           whom
           she
           spends
           most
           of
           her
           time
           in
           retirement
           .
           The
           
           King
           is
           a
           goodly
           Prince
           whom
           God
           hath
           blessed
           and
           endowed
           with
           accomplishments
           far
           beyond
           what
           might
           have
           been
           expected
           from
           his
           education
           ,
           wherein
           he
           was
           extreamly
           abused
           ,
           being
           taught
           litle
           more
           than
           his
           mother
           tongue
           .
           He
           is
           gracious
           ,
           Just
           and
           valiant
           ,
           constant
           at
           his
           devotion
           ,
           and
           utterly
           averse
           from
           all
           kind
           of
           debauchery
           ,
           and
           the
           unfashionable
           vanities
           of
           other
           courts
           in
           playes
           ,
           and
           danceing
           .
        
         
           His
           Sports
           are
           hunting
           and
           exerciseing
           of
           his
           guards
           ,
           and
           he
           rarely
           appeares
           publickly
           or
           gives
           audience
           to
           strangers
           ,
           which
           is
           imputed
           to
           his
           sense
           of
           the
           neglect
           of
           his
           education
           .
           He
           is
           a
           Prince
           that
           hath
           had
           a
           very
           hard
           beginning
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           which
           hath
           many
           times
           proved
           fortunate
           to
           great
           men
           ;
           and
           indeed
           ,
           if
           wee
           consider
           all
           the
           circumstances
           of
           his
           early
           misfortunes
           ,
           how
           he
           was
           slighted
           and
           neglected
           by
           his
           nobles
           who
           would
           hardly
           vouchsase
           to
           pay
           him
           a
           visit
           when
           he
           
           was
           among
           them
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           or
           to
           doe
           him
           homage
           for
           the
           lands
           they
           held
           of
           the
           Crown
           ;
           and
           how
           by
           the
           Pernicious
           councels
           of
           the
           French
           and
           the
           weakeness
           or
           treachery
           of
           his
           governours
           he
           was
           misled
           into
           a
           war
           that
           almost
           cost
           him
           his
           Crown
           ,
           having
           lost
           the
           best
           of
           his
           territories
           in
           Germany
           and
           Schonen
           ,
           and
           most
           of
           his
           forces
           both
           by
           sea
           and
           land
           :
           If
           I
           say
           ,
           these
           things
           be
           considered
           ,
           it
           will
           probably
           appeare
           that
           hardly
           any
           Prince
           before
           him
           hath
           in
           a
           shorter
           time
           or
           more
           fully
           setled
           the
           Authority
           and
           prerogative
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           then
           he
           hath
           done
           in
           Sweden
           ;
           for
           which
           he
           stands
           no
           wayes
           obliged
           to
           France
           ,
           as
           he
           was
           for
           the
           restauration
           of
           what
           he
           lost
           during
           the
           war.
           He
           is
           now
           as
           absolute
           as
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           and
           makes
           Edicts
           which
           have
           the
           force
           of
           Laws
           with
           out
           the
           concurrence
           of
           the
           Estates
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           .
           He
           hath
           erected
           two
           Iudicatures
           the
           one
           called
           the
           
           colledge
           of
           Reduction
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           of
           inspections
           ;
           the
           first
           of
           which
           hath
           put
           his
           Majesty
           in
           possession
           again
           of
           all
           lands
           alienated
           from
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           called
           to
           account
           all
           persons
           even
           the
           heires
           and
           executors
           of
           those
           who
           had
           cheated
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           refound
           what
           they
           or
           their
           predeceslors
           had
           appropriated
           to
           their
           own
           use
           of
           the
           Publick
           revenue
           .
           These
           two
           necessary
           constitutions
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           reduced
           many
           great
           families
           to
           a
           pinch
           ,
           who
           formerly
           lived
           splendidly
           upon
           the
           Crown
           lands
           and
           revenues
           ,
           and
           obliged
           them
           to
           live
           at
           home
           upon
           their
           ancient
           and
           private
           Patrimonie
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           which
           is
           one
           great
           cause
           that
           the
           Court
           of
           Sweden
           is
           at
           present
           so
           unfrequented
           ;
           so
           have
           they
           enabled
           his
           Majestie
           ,
           without
           burdening
           of
           his
           subjects
           ,
           to
           support
           the
           Charges
           of
           the
           government
           ,
           and
           to
           maintain
           64000
           men
           in
           pay
           .
           The
           truth
           is
           his
           other
           Revenues
           
           are
           but
           small
           ,
           seing
           Queen
           Christina
           enjoys
           the
           best
           of
           his
           territories
           ,
           as
           her
           allowance
           ,
           and
           that
           what
           arises
           from
           the
           Copper
           and
           Iron
           mines
           ,
           one
           Silver
           mine
           ,
           the
           Pitch
           and
           Tar
           ,
           the
           customes
           and
           excise
           amounts
           to
           no
           extraordinary
           summ
           of
           money
           ,
           &
           the
           land
           tax
           in
           so
           barren
           a
           Countrey
           scarcely
           deserving
           to
           be
           named
           .
           The
           customes
           and
           excise
           ,
           I
           confess
           ,
           are
           very
           high
           ,
           and
           the
           rigorous
           manner
           of
           exacting
           them
           pernicious
           to
           trade
           ;
           as
           for
           instance
           .
           If
           a
           ship
           come
           to
           Stockholme
           from
           London
           with
           a
           hundred
           severall
           sorts
           of
           goods
           ,
           and
           those
           goods
           assigned
           to
           fifty
           several
           men
           more
           or
           less
           ;
           if
           any
           of
           those
           fifty
           doe
           not
           pay
           the
           custome
           of
           what
           belongs
           to
           him
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           for
           a
           barrel
           of
           Beer
           ,
           the
           Ship
           shall
           not
           be
           unladen
           ,
           nor
           no
           man
           have
           his
           goods
           out
           ,
           though
           he
           hath
           fully
           payed
           the
           customes
           for
           them
           ,
           till
           this
           last
           man
           hath
           payed
           his
           .
           There
           are
           severall
           other
           silly
           customes
           in
           
           Swedland
           that
           discourages
           men
           from
           tradeing
           there
           ;
           as
           if
           any
           stranger
           die
           there
           ,
           a
           third
           of
           his
           Estate
           must
           goe
           to
           the
           city
           or
           town
           where
           he
           traded
           .
           No
           forreigne
           Merchant
           in
           Stockholm
           can
           travell
           into
           any
           Countrey
           where
           there
           is
           a
           faire
           without
           a
           passport
           :
           and
           at
           present
           seing
           there
           is
           no
           treaty
           of
           trade
           betwixt
           England
           and
           Sweden
           ,
           though
           the
           English
           bring
           as
           considerable
           a
           trade
           to
           that
           Kingdome
           ,
           as
           any
           other
           Countrey
           whatsoever
           ,
           yet
           they
           are
           very
           unkindly
           used
           by
           the
           Officers
           of
           the
           custome
           house
           ;
           whereas
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           in
           Lubeck
           ,
           and
           other
           cities
           have
           new
           and
           greater
           Priviledges
           allowed
           them
           .
           Nor
           would
           I
           Counsel
           an
           Englishman
           to
           goe
           to
           law
           with
           a
           Swedish
           Burgher
           in
           Sweden
           ,
           especially
           if
           he
           be
           a
           Whiggish
           Scot
           who
           hath
           got
           his
           freedome
           in
           Stockholme
           ,
           for
           those
           are
           a
           kind
           of
           skrapers
           ,
           whom
           I
           have
           observed
           to
           be
           more
           inveterate
           against
           the
           English
           then
           the
           native
           Sweeds
           .
        
         
         
           Of
           all
           the
           Swedish
           army
           of
           64000
           men
           ,
           the
           King
           keeps
           but
           12
           Companies
           of
           200
           men
           a
           peece
           ,
           with
           some
           few
           horse
           guards
           in
           Stockholme
           ,
           who
           are
           not
           upon
           duty
           as
           sentinels
           at
           the
           Court
           gates
           ,
           as
           at
           the
           Courts
           of
           other
           Princes
           .
           The
           rest
           are
           dispersed
           into
           quarters
           and
           garrisons
           upon
           the
           fronteers
           which
           are
           so
           far
           distant
           in
           that
           large
           compass
           of
           land
           which
           his
           territories
           take
           up
           ,
           that
           it
           would
           require
           a
           hard
           and
           tedious
           worck
           to
           bring
           them
           together
           to
           a
           generall
           muster
           .
           They
           are
           however
           kept
           under
           very
           strick
           discipline
           ,
           and
           those
           that
           lye
           neare
           often
           viewed
           by
           the
           King.
           They
           have
           od
           sorts
           of
           punishments
           for
           the
           Souldiers
           and
           Officers
           of
           all
           degrees
           :
           for
           example
           if
           a
           Serjeant
           or
           Corporall
           be
           drunk
           or
           negligent
           on
           duty
           ,
           they
           are
           put
           into
           armour
           ,
           and
           with
           three
           muskets
           tied
           under
           each
           arm
           ,
           made
           to
           walke
           two
           hours
           before
           the
           Court
           of
           guard
           :
           yet
           for
           all
           the
           severitie
           of
           discipline
           used
           against
           the
           
           Soldiers
           ,
           they
           commit
           many
           abuses
           in
           the
           night
           time
           ,
           robbing
           and
           sometimes
           killing
           men
           upon
           the
           streets
           in
           Stockholme
           ,
           where
           they
           have
           no
           lights
           nor
           guards
           as
           in
           Coppenhaguen
           .
           Informer
           times
           there
           have
           been
           at
           one
           time
           thirty
           five
           Collonels
           besides
           Generall
           Officers
           in
           the
           Swedish
           Army
           all
           the
           subjects
           of
           the
           King
           of
           great
           Britain
           ,
           but
           at
           present
           there
           are
           few
           or
           none
           ,
           unless
           it
           be
           the
           sons
           of
           some
           Scottish
           Officers
           deceased
           ;
           nor
           did
           I
           ever
           see
           an
           Englishman
           in
           the
           Kings
           guards
           horse
           or
           foot
           but
           one
           ,
           and
           the
           son
           of
           
             Sr.
             Eduard
          
           wood
           ,
           who
           hath
           since
           quitted
           the
           service
           .
           The
           King
           hath
           exceedingly
           won
           the
           hearts
           of
           the
           common
           people
           ,
           not
           onely
           by
           exempting
           them
           from
           the
           tyrannical
           Jurisdiction
           of
           the
           nobilitie
           and
           gentry
           ,
           who
           formerly
           would
           by
           their
           own
           private
           authority
           punish
           and
           put
           to
           death
           the
           peasants
           at
           their
           pleasure
           ;
           which
           makes
           the
           Countries
           very
           willing
           to
           quarter
           the
           
           Kings
           Soldiers
           ,
           but
           by
           his
           exactness
           in
           punishing
           duels
           ,
           murder
           and
           robberies
           .
           Perjury
           is
           death
           here
           also
           as
           in
           Holland
           :
           which
           makes
           the
           Magistrates
           in
           some
           ports
           of
           this
           Kings
           territories
           enjoyne
           strange
           kinds
           of
           oaths
           to
           deter
           men
           from
           being
           forsworn
           .
           As
           for
           instance
           ,
           in
           some
           places
           ,
           the
           witness
           is
           set
           ,
           with
           a
           staff
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           upon
           some
           peeble
           stones
           and
           charcoale
           ,
           where
           he
           is
           to
           imprecate
           and
           pray
           ,
           that
           if
           what
           he
           sweareth
           be
           not
           true
           ,
           his
           land
           may
           become
           as
           barren
           as
           those
           stones
           ,
           and
           his
           substance
           be
           consumed
           to
           ashes
           like
           the
           coals
           he
           stands
           on
           ,
           which
           as
           soon
           as
           he
           steps
           down
           are
           set
           on
           fire
           .
           This
           manner
           of
           swearing
           so
           terrifies
           the
           people
           ,
           that
           they
           commonly
           tremble
           when
           they
           come
           to
           take
           their
           oath
           .
        
         
           The
           Religion
           of
           the
           dominions
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           as
           of
           those
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           and
           of
           other
           Princes
           and
           states
           whom
           wee
           
           have
           named
           is
           Lutheran
           ;
           who
           are
           more
           rigid
           to
           Roman
           Catholicks
           and
           Calvinists
           than
           the
           Protestanrs
           of
           Germany
           .
           There
           is
           no
           tolleration
           allowed
           here
           to
           Calvinist
           ministers
           ;
           and
           they
           take
           an
           effectuall
           course
           to
           keep
           the
           Countrey
           clear
           of
           priests
           and
           Jesuits
           ,
           by
           guelding
           them
           whether
           they
           be
           young
           or
           old
           .
           In
           commemoration
           of
           the
           great
           losses
           and
           desolation
           instained
           in
           the
           late
           war
           ,
           the
           Swedes
           strictly
           keep
           four
           fasting
           days
           in
           the
           months
           of
           
             April
             ,
             May
             ,
             June
          
           and
           July
           ;
           on
           which
           days
           all
           men
           are
           prohibited
           by
           Authority
           to
           kindle
           fire
           in
           their
           houses
           ,
           or
           to
           eat
           till
           after
           Evening
           service
           is
           don
           ,
           which
           in
           the
           winter
           time
           could
           not
           be
           endured
           .
           They
           delight
           much
           in
           singing
           in
           their
           Churches
           ,
           which
           they
           constantly
           performe
           twice
           every
           day
           ,
           morning
           and
           evening
           .
           In
           their
           maryings
           ,
           Christenings
           and
           buryings
           they
           are
           so
           prodigally
           extravagant
           ,
           that
           if
           all
           three
           happen
           in
           one
           yeare
           to
           a
           
           man
           of
           a
           competent
           estate
           ,
           it
           is
           enough
           to
           breake
           him
           ,
           The
           clergy
           of
           Sweden
           are
           neither
           so
           rich
           nor
           learned
           as
           those
           of
           Germany
           ,
           wanting
           both
           the
           opportunities
           of
           study
           ,
           and
           of
           conversing
           with
           learned
           men
           ,
           that
           those
           of
           other
           Countreys
           enjoy
           ;
           though
           there
           be
           some
           learned
           men
           amongst
           them
           .
           A
           Bishoprick
           in
           Sweden
           is
           no
           great
           benefice
           ,
           if
           compared
           with
           some
           Personages
           in
           England
           ;
           for
           the
           Archbishop
           and
           Metropolitan
           hath
           not
           above
           400
           L.
           
             per
             ann
          
           .
           and
           some
           of
           the
           rest
           are
           not
           worth
           above
           150
           or
           200
           L.
           a
           yeare
           .
           The
           inferiour
           Clergy
           are
           not
           so
           regular
           in
           their
           lives
           and
           conversation
           in
           the
           Countries
           distant
           from
           Stockholme
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           neare
           the
           court
           ,
           and
           the
           reason
           is
           ,
           partly
           becaus
           they
           entertain
           travellers
           that
           pass
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           there
           being
           no
           Ins
           in
           most
           places
           for
           the
           accommodation
           of
           persons
           of
           any
           qualitie
           ,
           and
           so
           are
           obliged
           to
           drink
           with
           their
           guests
           :
           and
           partly
           becaus
           
           at
           buryings
           and
           Christenings
           ,
           where
           there
           is
           commonly
           high
           drinking
           ,
           the
           Pape
           or
           Parson
           is
           master
           of
           the
           Ceremonies
           ;
           And
           here
           give
           mee
           leave
           ,
           to
           tell
           a
           short
           story
           of
           one
           of
           them
           .
           A
           Pape
           comeing
           to
           Christen
           a
           Child
           in
           a
           Church
           ,
           and
           finding
           a
           Scottish
           man
           to
           be
           Godfather
           ,
           was
           so
           transported
           either
           with
           Zeal
           or
           his
           cups
           ,
           that
           when
           he
           came
           to
           exorcise
           the
           Child
           which
           is
           a
           rite
           used
           in
           their
           Office
           of
           Administring
           that
           Sacrament
           ,
           He
           neglected
           the
           forme
           prescribed
           by
           the
           liturgie
           ,
           and
           in
           an
           extemporary
           prayer
           begg'd
           that
           the
           devill
           might
           depart
           out
           of
           the
           Child
           ,
           and
           enter
           into
           that
           Scottish
           Heretick
           ;
           for
           so
           they
           call
           the
           Presbyterians
           of
           that
           nation
           .
           The
           prayer
           of
           the
           Pape
           so
           incensed
           the
           Scot
           that
           he
           vowed
           revenge
           ,
           and
           watched
           the
           Pape
           with
           a
           good
           cudgell
           next
           day
           as
           he
           crossed
           the
           Church
           yard
           ,
           where
           he
           beat
           him
           and
           left
           him
           all
           in
           blood
           lying
           on
           the
           ground
           and
           crying
           out
           murder
           .
           
           For
           this
           fact
           the
           Scot
           was
           had
           before
           the
           Justice
           ,
           who
           asking
           him
           how
           he
           durst
           be
           so
           bold
           as
           to
           lay
           his
           profane
           hands
           upon
           the
           man
           of
           God
           ,
           He
           ,
           who
           knew
           very
           well
           what
           use
           to
           make
           of
           the
           devill
           he
           had
           got
           ,
           foaming
           at
           the
           mouth
           and
           cunningly
           acting
           the
           demoniack
           ,
           made
           answer
           that
           the
           Pape
           might
           thank
           himself
           for
           what
           he
           had
           met
           with
           ;
           for
           since
           he
           had
           conjured
           the
           devill
           into
           him
           he
           spared
           no
           body
           ,
           neither
           wife
           nor
           Children
           ,
           nor
           would
           he
           spare
           the
           Justice
           himself
           ,
           and
           with
           that
           sell
           a
           mangling
           and
           tearing
           the
           Magistrat
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           fain
           to
           betake
           himself
           to
           his
           heeles
           ,
           crying
           out
           
             O!
             the
             devill
             ,
             save
             mee
          
           ;
           and
           so
           the
           Scot
           marched
           home
           no
           man
           daring
           to
           lay
           hold
           on
           him
           ,
           for
           fear
           of
           being
           torn
           to
           peeces
           by
           the
           devill
           .
           But
           the
           Justice
           recollecting
           himself
           sent
           for
           the
           Pape
           ,
           told
           him
           that
           the
           Scot
           was
           a
           cunning
           rogue
           ,
           and
           bid
           him
           goe
           home
           ,
           get
           a
           plaister
           for
           his
           head
           and
           be
           silent
           ;
           least
           
           if
           the
           matter
           came
           to
           the
           Bishops
           ears
           ,
           he
           might
           be
           censured
           for
           goeing
           against
           the
           rubrick
           of
           the
           liturgie
           .
        
         
           The
           famous
           Universitie
           where
           their
           Clergy
           are
           bred
           is
           Vpsall
           eight
           Swedish
           miles
           from
           Stockholme
           .
           There
           are
           commonly
           150
           or
           200
           Students
           there
           ,
           but
           no
           endowed
           colledges
           as
           in
           other
           Counrries
           .
           The
           library
           is
           so
           meane
           and
           contemptible
           that
           the
           libraries
           of
           many
           Grammar
           Schools
           and
           of
           privat
           men
           in
           England
           or
           Holland
           are
           far
           better
           stored
           with
           books
           then
           it
           is
           .
           Upon
           viewing
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           the
           Kings
           Palace
           ,
           I
           called
           to
           mind
           the
           saying
           of
           a
           French
           man
           ,
           upon
           the
           like
           occasion
           ;
           That
           Swedland
           came
           behind
           France
           and
           England
           in
           the
           knowledge
           of
           men
           and
           things
           at
           least
           800
           yeares
           ;
           yet
           some
           Swedes
           have
           been
           so
           conceited
           of
           the
           antiquity
           of
           their
           Countrey
           ,
           as
           to
           bragg
           that
           Paradice
           was
           seated
           in
           Sweden
           ,
           that
           the
           Countrey
           was
           
           turned
           into
           such
           heaps
           of
           rocks
           for
           the
           rebellion
           of
           our
           first
           parents
           ,
           and
           that
           Adam
           and
           Eve
           had
           Cain
           and
           Abel
           in
           a
           Countrey
           three
           Swedish
           miles
           distant
           from
           Vpsall
           .
           A
           French
           man
           standing
           by
           and
           hearing
           this
           Romantick
           story
           ,
           as
           I
           was
           told
           ,
           fitted
           him
           with
           the
           like
           ,
           telling
           him
           that
           when
           the
           world
           was
           made
           in
           six
           days
           ,
           at
           the
           end
           of
           the
           creation
           all
           the
           Rubbish
           that
           remained
           was
           throw'n
           together
           into
           a
           corner
           ,
           which
           made
           up
           Sweden
           and
           Norway
           .
           And
           indeed
           the
           French
           seeme
           to
           have
           no
           great
           likeing
           to
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           what
           ever
           kindness
           they
           may
           have
           for
           the
           people
           ,
           for
           a
           French
           Ambassadour
           ,
           as
           an
           author
           of
           that
           Countrey
           relates
           ,
           being
           by
           order
           of
           Queen
           Christina
           treated
           in
           a
           Countrey
           house
           4
           Swedish
           miles
           from
           Stockholme
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           rode
           goeing
           and
           comeing
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           varieties
           and
           pleasures
           that
           the
           Countrey
           could
           affoard
           ,
           on
           purpose
           to
           make
           him
           
           have
           a
           good
           opinion
           of
           the
           same
           ;
           made
           answere
           to
           the
           Queen
           (
           who
           asked
           him
           upon
           his
           return
           what
           he
           thought
           of
           Sweden
           )
           that
           were
           he
           master
           of
           the
           whole
           Countrey
           ,
           he
           would
           presently
           sell
           it
           &
           buy
           a
           farme
           in
           France
           or
           England
           ;
           which
           ,
           under
           favour
           ,
           I
           think
           was
           a
           litle
           tart
           and
           sawcy
           .
        
         
           Having
           stayed
           a
           considerable
           time
           in
           Swedland
           ,
           and
           most
           part
           at
           Stockholme
           ,
           I
           set
           out
           from
           thence
           to
           goe
           to
           Elsenbourg
           by
           land
           ,
           and
           went
           a
           litle
           out
           of
           my
           way
           to
           see
           a
           small
           city
           called
           Eubrone
           famous
           for
           a
           coat
           of
           Arms
           which
           it
           got
           in
           this
           manner
           .
           A
           certain
           Masculine
           Queen
           of
           Denmark
           who
           had
           conquered
           a
           great
           part
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           comeing
           to
           this
           city
           ,
           asked
           the
           Magistrates
           ,
           what
           was
           the
           Arms
           of
           their
           city
           ;
           who
           having
           told
           her
           that
           they
           had
           none
           ,
           she
           plucked
           up
           her
           coats
           and
           squatting
           upon
           the
           Snow
           ,
           bid
           them
           take
           the
           marke
           she
           left
           there
           for
           their
           Arms
           :
           It
           's
           pity
           she
           did
           not
           give
           them
           
           a
           suitable
           motto
           to
           it
           also
           .
           What
           that
           figure
           is
           called
           in
           blazonerie
           I
           know
           not
           ,
           but
           to
           this
           day
           the
           city
           uses
           it
           in
           their
           Armes
           ,
           and
           for
           marking
           their
           commodities
           .
           This
           Queen
           came
           purposely
           into
           Sweden
           to
           pay
           a
           visit
           to
           a
           brave
           woman
           that
           opposed
           a
           King
           of
           Swedland
           ,
           who
           in
           a
           time
           of
           famine
           would
           have
           put
           to
           death
           all
           the
           men
           and
           women
           in
           his
           Countrey
           above
           sixty
           years
           of
           age
           .
           The
           Countrey
           all
           the
           way
           I
           travelled
           in
           Swedland
           is
           much
           of
           the
           same
           qualitie
           of
           the
           land
           about
           Stockholme
           ,
           untill
           I
           came
           neare
           the
           Province
           of
           Schonen
           which
           is
           called
           the
           store
           house
           and
           Kitchin
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           where
           the
           Countrey
           is
           far
           better
           .
           It
           was
           formerly
           very
           dangerous
           to
           travell
           in
           this
           Province
           of
           Schonen
           ,
           becaus
           of
           the
           Snaphances
           who
           were
           a
           kind
           of
           bloody
           robbers
           ,
           now
           utterly
           destroyed
           by
           the
           King
           ;
           so
           that
           it
           is
           safe
           enough
           travelling
           there
           .
           Entering
           into
           Schonen
           I
           saw
           twenty
           nine
           
           of
           these
           rogues
           upon
           wheeles
           ,
           and
           elsewhere
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           ten
           and
           twenty
           at
           severall
           places
           .
           The
           King
           used
           great
           severitie
           in
           destroying
           of
           them
           ;
           some
           he
           caused
           to
           be
           broken
           upon
           the
           wheele
           ,
           others
           spceted
           in
           at
           the
           fundament
           and
           out
           at
           the
           shoulders
           ,
           many
           had
           the
           flesh
           pinched
           off
           of
           there
           breasts
           ,
           and
           so
           were
           fastened
           to
           stakes
           till
           they
           died
           ,
           and
           others
           again
           had
           their
           noses
           and
           both
           hands
           cut
           off
           ,
           and
           being
           seared
           with
           a
           hot
           Iron
           were
           let
           goe
           to
           acquaint
           their
           camerades
           how
           they
           had
           been
           served
           .
           The
           King
           is
           very
           severe
           against
           Highway-men
           and
           duellers
           .
           In
           above
           a
           hundred
           miles
           travelling
           ,
           wee
           found
           not
           a
           house
           where
           there
           was
           either
           French
           wine
           or
           brandie
           ,
           which
           made
           mee
           tell
           a
           Swede
           of
           our
           Company
           who
           was
           travelling
           to
           Denmark
           ,
           that
           I
           would
           undertake
           to
           shew
           any
           man
           500
           houses
           wherein
           a
           traveller
           might
           have
           wine
           and
           other
           good
           accommodation
           in
           the
           space
           of
           an
           
           hundred
           miles
           upon
           any
           rode
           from
           London
           .
           There
           are
           severall
           small
           towns
           and
           fertile
           land
           in
           this
           Countrey
           of
           Schonen
           ,
           lying
           upon
           the
           Sound
           ;
           at
           the
           narrowest
           part
           whereof
           lies
           Elsenbourg
           burnt
           down
           by
           the
           Danes
           in
           the
           last
           war
           :
           Here
           I
           crost
           over
           to
           Elsenore
           ,
           the
           passage
           being
           but
           a
           league
           broad
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           of
           Denmark
           has
           a
           cas●le
           at
           Elsenore
           which
           commands
           the
           narrow
           passage
           of
           the
           Sound
           ,
           where
           all
           Ships
           that
           enter
           into
           or
           come
           out
           of
           the
           Baltick
           sea
           must
           pay
           toll
           .
           Having
           visited
           this
           cas●le
           and
           stai'd
           about
           a
           fortnight
           with
           the
           English
           Consul
           ,
           and
           
             S●
             .
             John
             Paul
          
           late
           resident
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Swedland
           ,
           I
           went
           to
           the
           danish
           Court
           at
           Coppenhaguen
           .
        
         
           Copenhaguen
           is
           the
           capitall
           city
           of
           
             Zeeland
             ,
             Jutland
          
           or
           Denmark
           and
           place
           of
           residence
           of
           the
           King
           It
           stands
           on
           a
           flat
           ,
           encompassed
           
           with
           a
           pleasant
           and
           delightfull
           Countrey
           much
           resembling
           England
           .
           The
           streets
           of
           the
           city
           are
           kept
           very
           neat
           and
           cleane
           ,
           with
           lights
           in
           the
           night
           time
           for
           the
           convenience
           and
           safetie
           of
           those
           who
           are
           then
           abroad
           ;
           a
           custome
           not
           as
           yet
           introduced
           into
           Stockholme
           where
           it
           is
           dangerous
           to
           be
           abroad
           when
           it
           is
           dark
           .
           The
           Kings
           men
           of
           war
           lye
           here
           very
           conveniently
           ,
           being
           orderly
           ranged
           betwixt
           Booms
           after
           the
           manner
           of
           Amsterdam
           ,
           and
           neare
           the
           Admiralty
           house
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           large
           pile
           of
           building
           well
           furnished
           with
           stores
           and
           Magazines
           ,
           secured
           by
           a
           citadell
           ,
           that
           not
           onely
           commands
           the
           city
           ,
           but
           also
           the
           Haven
           ,
           and
           entrey
           into
           it
           .
           The
           Court
           of
           Denmark
           is
           splendid
           ,
           and
           makes
           a
           far
           greater
           figure
           in
           the
           world
           then
           that
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           tho
           not
           many
           yeares
           agoe
           in
           the
           time
           of
           
             Carolus
             Gustaphus
          
           the
           father
           of
           the
           present
           King
           of
           Swedland
           ,
           it
           was
           almost
           reduced
           to
           its
           last
           ,
           when
           the
           walls
           
           of
           Copenhagen
           saved
           that
           Crown
           and
           Kingdome
           .
           That
           siege
           was
           famous
           ,
           caried
           on
           with
           great
           vigour
           by
           the
           Swede
           ,
           and
           as
           bravely
           maintained
           by
           the
           Danes
           :
           The
           monuments
           whereof
           are
           to
           be
           seen
           in
           the
           canon
           bullets
           gilt
           that
           still
           remain
           in
           the
           walls
           of
           some
           houses
           and
           in
           the
           steeple
           of
           the
           great
           Church
           of
           the
           town
           .
           The
           Royall
           palace
           in
           Copenhaguen
           is
           but
           small
           and
           a
           very
           ancient
           building
           ,
           but
           his
           Majesties
           house
           Fredenburg
           is
           a
           stately
           fabrick
           of
           Modern
           Architecture
           ,
           and
           very
           richly
           furnished
           .
           Denmark
           is
           at
           present
           a
           flourishing
           Kingdome
           and
           the
           King
           who
           hath
           now
           made
           it
           hereditary
           ,
           surpasses
           most
           of
           his
           predecessours
           in
           power
           and
           wealth
           :
           He
           hath
           much
           enlarged
           his
           dominions
           ,
           aswell
           as
           Authority
           ,
           and
           by
           his
           personall
           and
           Royall
           virtues
           ,
           no
           less
           then
           the
           eminent
           qualities
           of
           a
           great
           many
           able
           ministers
           of
           State
           ,
           he
           hath
           gained
           the
           universall
           love
           of
           his
           subjects
           ,
           and
           the
           esteeme
           of
           
           all
           forreigne
           Princes
           and
           States
           .
           The
           Court
           it
           much
           frequented
           every
           day
           ,
           but
           especially
           on
           Sundays
           where
           about
           eleven
           of
           the
           clock
           in
           the
           morning
           ,
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           forreigne
           Ministers
           ,
           and
           Officers
           of
           the
           Army
           assemble
           and
           make
           a
           glorious
           appeareance
           .
           There
           one
           may
           see
           many
           Knights
           of
           the
           order
           of
           the
           Elephant
           of
           Malto
           but
           I
           never
           saw
           any
           order
           of
           the
           like
           nature
           as
           that
           of
           Sweden
           ,
           that
           King
           rarely
           appearing
           in
           his
           George
           and
           garter
           ,
           but
           on
           days
           of
           publick
           audience
           I
           have
           observed
           at
           one
           time
           above
           150
           coaches
           attending
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           which
           are
           ten
           times
           more
           than
           ever
           I
           saw
           together
           at
           that
           of
           Sweden
           .
           The
           King
           is
           affable
           and
           of
           easy
           access
           to
           strangers
           ,
           seen
           often
           abroad
           by
           his
           subjects
           in
           his
           gardens
           and
           stables
           ,
           which
           are
           very
           large
           and
           well
           furnished
           with
           all
           sorts
           of
           Horses
           .
           He
           is
           a
           great
           lover
           of
           English
           horses
           and
           dogs
           ,
           and
           delights
           much
           in
           Hunting
           ,
           as
           his
           
           eldest
           son
           the
           Prince
           with
           his
           brothers
           doe
           in
           cockfighting
           ;
           in
           so
           much
           that
           the
           English
           Merchants
           can
           not
           make
           a
           more
           acceptable
           present
           to
           those
           Princes
           ,
           then
           of
           English
           game-cocks
           .
           The
           standing
           forces
           of
           Denmark
           are
           well
           disciplined
           men
           ,
           and
           commanded
           by
           good
           Officers
           both
           natives
           and
           strangers
           ,
           both
           French
           and
           Scots
           ,
           as
           Major
           General
           Duncan
           ,
           and
           Major
           General
           Veld●n
           both
           Scottishmen
           ,
           whom
           I
           saw
           at
           Copenhaguen
           .
           The
           Soldiers
           ,
           aswell
           as
           courtiers
           are
           quartered
           upon
           the
           citizens
           ,
           a
           custome
           which
           is
           likewise
           practised
           in
           Sweden
           ,
           and
           tho
           somewhat
           uneasy
           ,
           yet
           not
           repined
           at
           by
           the
           people
           who
           by
           the
           care
           and
           good
           government
           of
           the
           King
           find
           trade
           much
           advanced
           .
           For
           his
           Majestie
           by
           encouraging
           strangers
           of
           all
           religions
           to
           live
           in
           his
           dominions
           ,
           and
           allowing
           the
           French
           and
           dutch
           Calvinists
           ,
           to
           have
           publick
           Churches
           ,
           hath
           brought
           many
           tradeing
           families
           to
           
           
           
           
           
           Coppenhaguen
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           measure
           he
           hath
           taken
           for
           settling
           trade
           in
           prohibiting
           the
           importation
           of
           forreigne
           manufactures
           ,
           and
           reforming
           and
           new
           modelling
           the
           East
           and
           West
           India
           Companies
           ,
           hath
           much
           encreased
           commerce
           and
           thereby
           the
           wealth
           of
           his
           subjects
           ;
           so
           that
           notwithstanding
           the
           new
           taxes
           imposed
           upon
           all
           coaches
           ,
           waggons
           ,
           Ploughs
           ,
           and
           all
           reall
           and
           personall
           estates
           ,
           which
           amount
           to
           considerable
           summs
           of
           money
           ,
           the
           people
           live
           very
           well
           and
           contented
           .
           There
           are
           commonly
           about
           eight
           thousand
           men
           in
           garison
           in
           Coppenhaguen
           ,
           and
           his
           Majesties
           Regiment
           of
           foot
           guards
           who
           are
           all
           cloathed
           in
           red
           ,
           with
           cloaks
           to
           keep
           them
           warm
           in
           the
           winter
           time
           ,
           is
           a
           very
           handsome
           body
           of
           men
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           horse
           guards
           who
           are
           bravely
           mounted
           ,
           and
           have
           their
           granadeers
           and
           Hoboyes
           ,
           make
           a
           very
           fine
           shew
           .
           His
           Majestie
           hath
           caused
           severall
           new
           fortifications
           to
           be
           
           built
           upon
           the
           Elb
           ,
           and
           other
           rivers
           ,
           and
           hath
           now
           in
           his
           possession
           that
           strong
           Castle
           called
           Hilgueland
           ,
           at
           present
           commanded
           by
           a
           Scottishman
           .
           The
           Queen
           of
           Denmark
           is
           a
           most
           virtuous
           Princess
           ,
           sister
           to
           the
           present
           Landgrave
           of
           Hessel-Cassel
           ,
           and
           in
           persuasion
           a
           Calvinist
           ,
           having
           a
           chappell
           allowed
           her
           within
           the
           Court
           ;
           though
           the
           publick
           religion
           of
           the
           King
           and
           Kingdome
           be
           Lutheran
           .
           The
           Clergie
           here
           are
           learned
           ,
           many
           of
           them
           having
           studied
           at
           Oxford
           and
           Cambridge
           where
           they
           learnt
           the
           English
           language
           ,
           and
           amongst
           the
           Bishops
           there
           is
           one
           Doctor
           King
           the
           son
           of
           a
           Scottishman
           .
           But
           seing
           it
           is
           my
           designe
           rather
           to
           observe
           the
           condition
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           then
           to
           be
           punctuall
           in
           describing
           all
           the
           rarities
           that
           are
           remarkeable
           in
           the
           Countries
           I
           have
           been
           in
           ,
           I
           shall
           conclude
           what
           I
           have
           to
           say
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           by
           acquainting
           the
           Reader
           that
           the
           people
           of
           that
           Countrey
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           live
           far
           better
           then
           the
           Swedes
           ,
           and
           aswell
           as
           most
           of
           their
           adjoyning
           neighbours
           ;
           and
           that
           there
           are
           severall
           places
           ,
           both
           there
           and
           in
           Norway
           which
           have
           the
           names
           of
           English
           towns
           ,
           as
           
             Arundale
             ,
             Totness
             ,
             London
          
           &c.
           
        
         
           When
           I
           fist
           began
           to
           write
           this
           treatise
           ,
           I
           had
           some
           thoughts
           of
           making
           observations
           upon
           the
           severall
           governments
           of
           other
           States
           and
           Dominions
           ,
           where
           I
           had
           travelled
           some
           years
           before
           I
           was
           in
           the
           Countries
           I
           have
           been
           speaking
           of
           ,
           as
           of
           the
           rest
           of
           Germany
           ,
           Hungary
           ,
           
             Switzerland
             ,
             Italy
          
           and
           France
           ;
           but
           that
           was
           a
           subject
           so
           large
           ,
           and
           the
           usefulness
           of
           it
           to
           my
           present
           designe
           so
           inconsiderable
           ,
           that
           by
           doeing
           so
           ,
           I
           found
           I
           could
           neither
           satisfie
           the
           curious
           ,
           by
           adding
           any
           thing
           materiall
           to
           those
           many
           who
           have
           already
           obliged
           the
           publick
           by
           the
           remarks
           of
           their
           travells
           in
           those
           places
           ;
           or
           make
           my
           discontented
           Countrey
           men
           more
           averse
           then
           
           they
           are
           already
           from
           removing
           into
           those
           Countries
           ,
           where
           I
           think
           few
           of
           them
           will
           chuse
           to
           transport
           themselves
           for
           the
           sake
           of
           liberty
           and
           Propertie
           ,
           tho
           England
           were
           even
           worse
           ,
           than
           they
           themselves
           fancy
           it
           can
           be
           .
           All
           that
           remains
           to
           be
           done
           then
           ,
           is
           to
           conclude
           this
           treatise
           with
           an
           obvious
           and
           popular
           remark
           ,
           that
           those
           Countries
           where
           cities
           are
           greatest
           and
           most
           frequented
           by
           voluntary
           inhabitants
           ,
           are
           alwayes
           the
           best
           to
           live
           in
           ;
           and
           by
           comparing
           the
           city
           of
           London
           with
           all
           other
           cities
           of
           Europe
           ,
           and
           demonstrating
           by
           the
           surveys
           I
           have
           made
           (
           which
           I
           think
           will
           hardly
           be
           contradicted
           or
           confuted
           ,
           )
           that
           of
           all
           the
           capitall
           cities
           of
           Europe
           it
           is
           the
           biggest
           and
           most
           populous
           ,
           &
           so
           prove
           consequentially
           that
           England
           ,
           for
           the
           generality
           of
           people
           ,
           is
           the
           best
           Countrey
           in
           the
           world
           especially
           for
           its
           natives
           to
           live
           in
           .
           Now
           this
           being
           an
           observation
           ,
           (
           for
           what
           I
           know
           )
           not
           hitherto
           made
           
           good
           by
           induction
           and
           instance
           ,
           (
           as
           I
           intend
           to
           doe
           it
           )
           I
           hope
           it
           will
           please
           the
           Reader
           as
           much
           ,
           as
           if
           I
           gave
           him
           a
           particular
           account
           of
           other
           Countreys
           and
           governments
           ,
           and
           leave
           it
           to
           his
           own
           reflexion
           to
           State
           the
           comparison
           .
        
         
           Though
           London
           within
           the
           walls
           cannot
           vie
           for
           bigness
           with
           many
           cities
           of
           Europe
           ;
           yet
           take
           the
           city
           and
           suburbs
           together
           ,
           according
           as
           it
           hath
           been
           surveyed
           by
           
             Mr.
             Morgan
          
           ,
           in
           breadth
           from
           
             St.
             Georges
          
           Church
           in
           Southwarke
           to
           Shore
           ditch
           ,
           and
           in
           length
           from
           Limehouse
           to
           petty
           France
           in
           Westminster
           and
           it
           is
           in
           a
           vast
           proportion
           larger
           in
           compass
           of
           ground
           and
           number
           of
           houses
           then
           any
           city
           whatsoever
           in
           Europe
           .
           This
           I
           shall
           demonstrate
           first
           by
           compareing
           it
           with
           some
           cities
           of
           Holland
           ,
           and
           then
           with
           the
           most
           considerable
           cities
           of
           the
           other
           Countries
           of
           Europe
           ,
           which
           I
           shall
           set
           down
           in
           an
           alphabeticall
           order
           with
           
           the
           number
           of
           the
           houses
           they
           severally
           contain
           .
        
         
           When
           London
           and
           suburbs
           was
           surveyed
           some
           years
           agoe
           by
           
             Mr.
             Morgan
          
           ,
           there
           were
           reckoned
           to
           be
           in
           it
           84000
           houses
           besides
           hospitalls
           ,
           Almeshouses
           ,
           and
           other
           buildings
           that
           payed
           no
           chimney
           money
           to
           the
           King
           :
           Now
           if
           those
           were
           added
           ,
           and
           the
           vast
           number
           of
           new
           houses
           that
           have
           been
           built
           since
           that
           survey
           ,
           upon
           modest
           computation
           London
           may
           be
           reckoned
           to
           countain
           100000
           houses
           ;
           I
           know
           the
           French
           doe
           vapour
           and
           would
           perswade
           the
           world
           that
           Paris
           is
           much
           bigger
           then
           London
           .
           And
           the
           Hollanders
           will
           scarce
           believe
           that
           London
           hath
           more
           Houses
           then
           the
           18
           Cittyes
           in
           Holland
           that
           have
           voyces
           in
           the
           States
           ,
           for
           say
           they
           Amsterdam
           Stands
           upon
           a
           1000
           Morgens
           land
           ,
           and
           London
           Stands
           but
           upon
           1800
           ;
           To
           both
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           very
           true
           that
           Paris
           takes
           up
           a
           great
           spot
           of
           ground
           ,
           
           but
           then
           you
           must
           consider
           ,
           that
           in
           Paris
           there
           are
           severall
           hundreds
           of
           
             Monasteries
             ,
             Churches
             ,
             Coledges
          
           ,
           and
           Cloysters
           ,
           some
           of
           them
           haveing
           large
           Gardens
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           Paris
           there
           are
           7500
           Palaces
           and
           Ports
           for
           Coaches
           ,
           which
           have
           likewise
           great
           Gardens
           ,
           whereas
           London
           is
           very
           thick
           built
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Citty
           the
           Houses
           have
           scarce
           a
           Yard
           big
           enough
           to
           sett
           a
           Pump
           ,
           or
           House
           of
           conveniency
           in
           ;
           but
           the
           weekely
           bills
           of
           Mortality
           will
           decide
           this
           Question
           and
           plainely
           give
           it
           to
           London
           ,
           and
           so
           doth
           
             Mons
             :
             la
             Cour
          
           ,
           and
           Sir.
           
             William
             Pette
          
           in
           his
           last
           Essayes
           dedicated
           lately
           to
           our
           King
           ,
           makeing
           it
           appeare
           that
           London
           is
           bigger
           then
           
             Paris
             ,
             Rhoan
          
           ,
           and
           Rochell
           altogether
           ;
           and
           as
           for
           Amflerdam
           I
           doe
           appeale
           to
           all
           knowing
           men
           that
           have
           seen
           it
           ,
           that
           although
           it
           be
           true
           that
           it
           Stands
           upon
           1000
           
             Morgens
             Land
          
           ;
           yet
           there
           is
           not
           above
           400
           Morgens
           built
           ,
           and
           this
           I
           prove
           thus
           ,
           that
           the
           large
           Gardens
           ,
           
           on
           the
           
             Heeregraft
             ,
             Kysersgraft
          
           ,
           and
           Princegraft
           ,
           and
           the
           Burgwalls
           of
           Amsterdam
           take
           up
           more
           then
           a
           third
           part
           of
           the
           Citty
           ,
           then
           reckon
           the
           Bastions
           ,
           and
           the
           space
           of
           Ground
           betweene
           the
           Wall
           ,
           and
           the
           Houses
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Ground
           unbuilt
           from
           the
           Vtricks-Port
           ,
           to
           the
           
             Wesoper-Port
             ,
             Muyer-Port
          
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           the
           Seaside
           ,
           and
           you
           will
           find
           it
           to
           be
           near
           300
           
             Morgens
             land
          
           :
           There
           are
           2
           Parishes
           in
           the
           Suburbs
           of
           London
           ,
           viz
           Stepney
           ,
           and
           
             St.
             Martins
          
           in
           the
           feilds
           ,
           (
           the
           later
           being
           so
           big
           that
           the
           last
           Parlement
           divided
           it
           into
           4
           
             Parishes
             ,
          
           )
           either
           of
           them
           have
           more
           Houses
           then
           Rotterdam
           ,
           or
           Harlem
           ,
           and
           there
           are
           severall
           other
           great
           Parishes
           as
           
             St.
             Margrets
             -
             Westminster
             ,
             St.
             Giles
          
           in
           the
           feilds
           ,
           Toolyes
           ,
           and
           
             St.
             Mary
             Overs
          
           ,
           the
           which
           if
           they
           stood
           apart
           in
           the
           Country
           would
           make
           great
           Cittyes
           ,
           wee
           reckon
           in
           London
           and
           the
           Suburbs
           thereof
           to
           be
           at
           least
           130
           Parishes
           ,
           which
           containe
           
           100000
           Houses
           ,
           now
           if
           you
           reckon
           8
           persons
           to
           everie
           house
           then
           there
           are
           neare
           800000
           soules
           in
           London
           ,
           but
           there
           are
           some
           that
           say
           there
           is
           a
           million
           of
           soules
           in
           it
           ;
           I
           shall
           now
           set
           downe
           the
           
             Cittyes
             Alphabetically
          
           and
           their
           number
           of
           Houses
           as
           they
           were
           given
           to
           me
           not
           only
           from
           the
           Surveyours
           and
           
             Citty
             Carpenters
          
           ,
           but
           from
           the
           Bookes
           of
           the
           Herthmoney
           ,
           and
           bookes
           of
           the
           Verpoundings
           ,
           where
           such
           Taxes
           are
           payd
           ;
           and
           first
           I
           shall
           begin
           with
           the
           18
           Cittyes
           that
           have
           Voyces
           in
           the
           States
           of
           Holland
           .
        
         
           
           
             Cittyes
          
           
             Houses
             .
          
           
             DOrt
             .
          
           
             5500
          
           
             Harlem
             .
          
           
             7250
          
           
             Delph
             .
          
           
             2300
          
           
             Leyden
             .
          
           
             13800
          
           
             Amsterdam
             .
          
           
             25460
          
           
             Rotterdam
             .
          
           
             8400
          
           
             Tergoe
             .
          
           
             3540
          
           
             Gorcom
             .
          
           
             2460
          
           
             Schiedam
             .
          
           
             1550
          
           
             Brill
             .
          
           
             1250
          
           
             Schonehoven
             .
          
           
             2200
          
           
             Alckmaar
             .
          
           
             1540
          
           
             Horn.
             
          
           
             3400
          
           
             Enckhuysen
             .
          
           
             5200
          
           
             Edam
             .
          
           
             2000
          
           
             Monekendam
             .
          
           
             1500
          
           
             Medenblick
             .
          
           
             850
          
           
             Purmerent
             .
          
           
             709
          
        
         
           
             Cittyes
             in
             Germany
             and
             in
             the
             17
             Provinces
             .
          
           
             Cittyes
          
           
             Houses
             .
          
           
             ANtwerp
             .
          
           
             18550
          
           
             Aix
             la
             Chapell
             .
          
           
             2250
          
           
             Arford
             .
          
           
             8440
          
           
             Berlin
             .
          
           
             5200
          
           
             
             Bonn.
             
          
           
             410
          
           
             Bresack
             .
          
           
             1200
          
           
             Breme
             .
          
           
             9200
          
           
             Breda
             .
          
           
             3420
          
           
             Bolduke
             .
          
           
             6240
          
           
             Bergen
             op
             Zome
             .
          
           
             2120
          
           
             Brussels
             .
          
           
             19200
          
           
             Cologne
          
           
             12000
          
           
             Cleave
             .
          
           
             640
          
           
             Coblins
             .
          
           
             420
          
           
             Castells
             .
          
           
             1520
          
           
             Dresden
             .
          
           
             6420
          
           
             Disseldorpe
             .
          
           
             620
          
           
             Dunkirk
             .
          
           
             2440
          
           
             Emden
             .
          
           
             2400
          
           
             Francford
             .
          
           
             10200
          
           
             Groningen
             .
          
           
             8400
          
           
             Guant
             .
          
           
             18200
          
           
             Harford
             ,
          
           
             1420
          
           
             Hanover
             .
          
           
             1850
          
           
             Heidelberg
             .
          
           
             7520
          
           
             Hamburg
             .
          
           
             12500
          
           
             Lubeck
             ,
          
           
             6500
          
           
             Louain
             .
          
           
             8420
          
           
             Lypsick
             .
          
           
             3240
          
           
             Lunenburg
             ,
          
           
             3100
          
        
         
           
           
             Cittyes
             in
             France
             .
          
           
             Cittyes
          
           
             Houses
             .
          
           
             AVinion
             .
          
           
             12400
          
           
             Amiens
             .
          
           
             5200
          
           
             Bullion
             .
          
           
             1400
          
           
             Bomont
             .
          
           
             800
          
           
             Burdeaux
             .
          
           
             8420
          
           
             Calis
             .
          
           
             1324
          
           
             Cane
             .
          
           
             2147
          
           
             Chalon
             .
          
           
             1850
          
           
             Diepe
             .
          
           
             1920
          
           
             Lyons
          
           
             16840
          
           
             Montruill
             .
          
           
             820
          
           
             Monpiller
             .
          
           
             5240
          
           
             Marsellis
             .
          
           
             9100
          
           
             Nantes
             .
          
           
             4420
          
           
             Nemes
             .
          
           
             3120
          
           
             Orlians
             .
          
           
             10200
          
           
             Orange
             .
          
           
             354
          
           
             Paris
             .
          
           
             72400
          
           
             Rochell
             .
          
           
             4200
          
           
             Roan
             .
          
           
             11200
          
           
             Tolonze
             .
          
           
             13200
          
           
             Valance
             .
          
           
             458
          
           
             
             Lewardin
             .
          
           
             5860
          
           
             Mayance
             .
          
           
             2420
          
           
             Malin
             .
          
           
             8000
          
           
             Middelburg
             .
          
           
             6200
          
           
             Madelburg
             .
          
           
             1120
          
           
             Mastricht
             .
          
           
             5600
          
           
             Munster
             .
          
           
             1240
          
           
             Nurenberg
             .
          
           
             18240
          
           
             Osenburg
             .
          
           
             2200
          
           
             Osburg
             .
          
           
             8420
          
           
             Oldenburg
             .
          
           
             620
          
           
             Praag
             .
          
           
             18640
          
           
             Passaw
             .
          
           
             560
          
           
             Ratisbone
             .
          
           
             6540
          
           
             Strasburg
             .
          
           
             8560
          
           
             Spire
             .
          
           
             540
          
           
             Stockholme
             .
          
           
             6480
          
           
             Solsburg
             .
          
           
             12460
          
           
             Vtrick
             ▪
          
           
             8240
          
           
             Viana
             .
          
           
             4520
          
           
             Vean
             .
          
           
             340
          
           
             Wormes
             .
          
           
             1200
          
           
             Westburg
             .
          
           
             2420
          
        
         
           
           
             Cittyes
             in
             Italy
             .
          
           
             Cittyes
          
           
             Houses
             .
          
           
             BOlonie
             .
          
           
             12400
          
           
             Florance
             .
          
           
             8520
          
           
             Janua
             .
          
           
             17200
          
           
             Luca.
             
          
           
             1650
          
           
             Legorne
             .
          
           
             3560
          
           
             Milan
             .
          
           
             18500
          
           
             Napells
             .
          
           
             17840
          
           
             Pesa
             .
          
           
             2290
          
           
             Padua
             .
          
           
             8550
          
           
             Rome
             .
          
           
             31200
          
           
             Sena
             .
          
           
             1820
          
           
             Venetia
             .
          
           
             24870
          
           
             Veterba
             .
          
           
             620
          
           
             Valentia
             .
          
           
             1520
          
        
         
           
             Cittyes
             in
             Savoy
             .
          
           
             Cittyes
          
           
             Houses
             .
          
           
             CHambray
             .
          
           
             852
          
           
             Salé
             .
          
           
             320
          
           
             Turin
             .
          
           
             8540
          
           
             Nece
             .
          
           
             500
          
           
             St.
             John
             de
             Latteran
             .
          
           
             420
          
           
             Remes
             .
          
           
             340
          
           
             
             Moloy
             .
          
           
             270
          
        
         
           
             Cittyes
             in
             Switserland
             .
          
           
             Cittyes
          
           
             Houses
             .
          
           
             BErne
             .
          
           
             4270
          
           
             Ball.
             
          
           
             5120
          
           
             Geneve
             .
          
           
             4540
          
           
             Losana
          
           
             2100
          
           
             Solure
             .
          
           
             500
          
           
             Zurick
          
           
             6200
          
           
             Morge
             .
          
           
             210
          
           
             Vina
             .
          
           
             320
          
           
             St.
             Morrice
             .
          
           
             300
          
        
         
           
             Cittyes
             in
             Denmark
             .
          
           
             Cittyes
          
           
             Houses
             .
          
           
             COpenhagen
             .
          
           
             8220
          
           
             Elsenore
             .
          
           
              
          
        
         
           
             Cittyes
             in
             Sweedland
             .
          
           
             Cittyes
          
           
             Houses
             .
          
           
             NOrthoanen
             .
          
           
             600
          
           
             Stockholme
             ,
          
           
             7500
          
           
             Vpsall
             .
          
           
             8200
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .